TY - JOUR T1 - Pyrite ooids in Devonian black shales record intermittent sea-level drop and shallow-water conditions AN - 51813697; 2004-060777 AB - Upper Devonian black shales of the eastern United States contain in places unusual beds of pyrite ooids. Textural and geochemical studies show that these originated as chamositic iron ooids that were replaced by pyrite during early diagenesis. Pyrite mimics the laminated texture of the precursor grain, yet inclusions of silicate minerals and instances of partial replacement reveal the secondary nature of the pyrite. Pyrite ooids occur above erosion surfaces that are considered sequence boundaries because of large lateral extent. Chamositic precursor ooids indicate an oxygenated water column and wave interaction with seafloor sediments at the time of their formation. This scenario agrees with earlier work that stipulates that erosion surfaces in Devonian black shales reflect lowering of sea level that allowed wave reworking and erosion of earlier-deposited black shales. Pyrite ooid beds thus furnish direct evidence of significant sea-level drops during the accumulation of Upper Devonian black shales in eastern North America. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Schieber, Juergen AU - Riciputi, Lee R Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 305 EP - 308 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - shallow-water environment KW - isotopes KW - sedimentary basins KW - erosion features KW - stable isotopes KW - cores KW - black shale KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chamosite KW - Appalachian Basin KW - Indiana KW - Tennessee KW - oolite KW - basins KW - outcrops KW - depositional environment KW - chlorite group KW - ironstone KW - geochemistry KW - Upper Devonian KW - sequence stratigraphy KW - North America KW - Illinois Basin KW - early diagenesis KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - Famennian KW - erosion surfaces KW - textures KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - Eastern U.S. KW - Jackson County Indiana KW - sea-level changes KW - Chattanooga Shale KW - Devonian KW - S-34/S-32 KW - New Albany Shale KW - diagenesis KW - Gassaway Member KW - sulfur KW - sheet silicates KW - pyrite KW - sulfides KW - clastic rocks KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51813697?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Pyrite+ooids+in+Devonian+black+shales+record+intermittent+sea-level+drop+and+shallow-water+conditions&rft.au=Schieber%2C+Juergen%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R&rft.aulast=Schieber&rft.aufirst=Juergen&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FG20202.1 L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachian Basin; basins; black shale; chamosite; Chattanooga Shale; chemically precipitated rocks; chlorite group; clastic rocks; cores; depositional environment; Devonian; diagenesis; early diagenesis; Eastern U.S.; erosion features; erosion surfaces; Famennian; Gassaway Member; geochemistry; Illinois Basin; Indiana; ironstone; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jackson County Indiana; New Albany Shale; North America; oolite; outcrops; Paleozoic; pyrite; S-34/S-32; sea-level changes; sedimentary basins; sedimentary rocks; sequence stratigraphy; shallow-water environment; sheet silicates; silicates; stable isotopes; sulfides; sulfur; Tennessee; textures; United States; Upper Devonian DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G20202.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel Temperature Control Apparatus for Whole Effluent Toxicity Tests AN - 21044514; 5982459 AB - Without abstract. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Kszos, LA AU - Braden, P AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831- 6422, United States Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 692 EP - 696 PB - Springer-Verlag, Life Science Journals, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA, [mailto:orders@springer-ny.com] VL - 72 IS - 4 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Testing Procedures KW - Temperature effects KW - Laboratory equipment KW - Contamination KW - Temperature KW - Toxicity KW - Effluents KW - Toxicity tests KW - Control KW - Temperature Control KW - Bioassays KW - Control systems KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Toxicity testing KW - Toxicology KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21044514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Novel+Temperature+Control+Apparatus+for+Whole+Effluent+Toxicity+Tests&rft.au=Kszos%2C+LA%3BBraden%2C+P&rft.aulast=Kszos&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=692&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00128-004-0300-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Laboratory equipment; Bioassays; Effluents; Toxicity tests; Toxicology; Control; Toxicity; Control systems; Temperature; Toxicity testing; Testing Procedures; Temperature Control; Contamination; Water Pollution Effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-004-0300-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecotoxicity Test Data for Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soil: Plants and Soil-Dwelling Invertebrates AN - 19943643; 6097246 AB - Ecotoxicity benchmarks for petroleum mixtures can be used in a screening- level ecological risk assessment. Data from studies evaluating the toxicity of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) to plants and soil invertebrates were reviewed for possible application to soil benchmark development. Toxicity data included LOAECs; estimated EC25s, EC20s, and LC50s; effective concentrations that caused greater than a 20% level of effect; and NOAECs. The variabilities in petroleum material, chemical analytical methodology, age of hydrocarbon-soil contact, nutrient amendment, and measured effects levels did not permit much meaningful aggregation of the data. Tenth, twenty-fifth, and fiftieth percentiles of toxicity and no-effects data are presented for unaggregated results within studies. Effects on invertebrates often occurred at concentrations of TPH lower than those associated with effects on plants. Lighter mixtures generally were associated with lower ranges of effects concentrations than heavier crude oil. Few aged and non-aged samples were available from the same study, and these did not show obvious trends regarding toxicity. Similarly, the addition of nutrients to promote bioremediation was not observed across studies to alter effective or nontoxic concentrations in a systematic way. Existing toxicity data are not sufficient to establish broadly applicable TPH ecotoxicity screening benchmarks with much confidence, even for specific mixtures. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Efroymson, Rebecca AU - Sample, Bradley AU - Peterson, Mark AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - Apr 2004 SP - 207 EP - 231 PB - CRC Press LLC, 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW Boca Raton FL 33431 USA, [mailto:journals@crcpress.com], [URL:http://www.crcpress.com] VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Bioremediation KW - Nutrients KW - Invertebrates KW - petroleum hydrocarbons KW - invertebrates KW - Soil KW - Oil KW - Crude oil KW - Petroleum KW - Invertebrata KW - Data processing KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Toxicity KW - Reviews KW - Plants KW - Benchmarks KW - Toxicity testing KW - Petroleum hydrocarbons KW - Z 05300:General KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19943643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Ecotoxicity+Test+Data+for+Total+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+in+Soil%3A+Plants+and+Soil-Dwelling+Invertebrates&rft.au=Efroymson%2C+Rebecca%3BSample%2C+Bradley%3BPeterson%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Efroymson&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10807030490438175 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Risk assessment; Soil; Bioremediation; Data processing; Hydrocarbons; Reviews; Petroleum; Nutrients; Toxicity; Invertebrates; petroleum hydrocarbons; invertebrates; Crude oil; Plants; Benchmarks; Toxicity testing; Petroleum hydrocarbons; Invertebrata DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10807030490438175 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of a miniature biochip using the molecular beacon probe in breast cancer gene BRCA1 detection AN - 17888844; 5856400 AB - We report for the first time the application of a biochip using the molecular beacon (MB) detection scheme. The usability of this biochip novel detection system for the analysis of the breast cancer gene BRCA1 is demonstrated using molecular beacon probes. The MB is designed for the BRCA1 gene and a miniature biochip system is used for detection. The performance of the biochip-MB detection system is evaluated. The optimum conditions for the MB system for highest fluorescence detection sensitivity are investigated for the detection system. The detection of BRCA1 gene is successfully demonstrated in solution and the limit of detection (LOD) is estimated as 70 nM. JF - Biosensors & Bioelectronics AU - Culha, M AU - Stokes, D L AU - Griffin, G D AU - Vo-Dinh, T AD - Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Life Science Division, Bethel Valley Road, MS-6101, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA, vodinht@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - Apr 2004 SP - 1007 EP - 1012 PB - Elsevier Advanced Technology, 660 White Plains Rd. Tarrytown NY 10591-5153 USA VL - 19 IS - 9 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biosensors KW - Fluorescence KW - biochips KW - BRCA1 gene KW - Breast cancer KW - W4 130:General Biomedical Engineering: Tools & Techniques KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33130:Genetic based (PCR, etc.) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17888844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.atitle=Application+of+a+miniature+biochip+using+the+molecular+beacon+probe+in+breast+cancer+gene+BRCA1+detection&rft.au=Culha%2C+M%3BStokes%2C+D+L%3BGriffin%2C+G+D%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T&rft.aulast=Culha&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1007&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bios.2003.09.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BRCA1 gene; Breast cancer; Fluorescence; biochips; Biosensors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2003.09.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implantable sensor for blood flow monitoring after transplant surgery AN - 17352938; 6418354 AB - A limited number of techniques are employed in clinical medicine for regional tissue perfusion assessment. These methods are marginally effective and are not well suited for implantation due to the inability to miniaturize the associated technologies. Consequently, no standardized techniques exist for real-time, continuous monitoring of organ perfusion following transplantation. In this paper, a brief overview of the relevant clinical techniques employed for regional tissue perfusion assessment is given with particular emphasis on post-surgical monitoring of transplanted organs. The ideal characteristics for a perfusion monitoring system are discussed and the development of a new, completely implanted local tissue monitoring system is summarized. In vivo and in vitro data are presented that establish the efficacy of this new technology, which is a photonics-based sensor system uniquely suited for continuous tissue monitoring and real-time data reporting. The suitablity of this sensor technology for miniaturization, which enables implantation for monitoring localized tissue perfusion, is discussed. JF - Minimally Invasive Therapy & Allied Technologies AU - Ericson, M N AU - Wilson, MA AU - Cote, G L AU - Baba, J S AU - Xu, W AU - Bobrek, M AU - Britton, CL AU - Hileman AU - Moore, M R AU - Emery AU - Lenarduzzi, R AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN USA Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - Apr 2004 SP - 87 EP - 94 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 1364-5706, 1364-5706 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W4 230:Biosensors, Bioelectronics & Bioindicators KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17352938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Minimally+Invasive+Therapy+%26+Allied+Technologies&rft.atitle=Implantable+sensor+for+blood+flow+monitoring+after+transplant+surgery&rft.au=Ericson%2C+M+N%3BWilson%2C+MA%3BCote%2C+G+L%3BBaba%2C+J+S%3BXu%2C+W%3BBobrek%2C+M%3BBritton%2C+CL%3BHileman%3BMoore%2C+M+R%3BEmery%3BLenarduzzi%2C+R&rft.aulast=Ericson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Minimally+Invasive+Therapy+%26+Allied+Technologies&rft.issn=13645706&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F13645700410027866 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13645700410027866 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Performance of chloroperoxidase stabilization in mesoporous sol-gel glass using In situ glucose oxidase peroxide generation AN - 860390021; 13858099 AB - A unique mesoporous sol-gel glass possessing a highly ordered porous structure (with three pore sizes of about 50, 150, and 200 Aa diameter) was used as a support material for immobilization of the enzyme chloroperoxidase (CPO). CPO was bound onto the glass via a bifunctional ligand, trimethoxysilylpropanal. In situ production of the cosubstrate, H sub(2)O sub(2), was achieved using glucose oxidase. Solvent stability in acetonitrile mixtures was enhanced when a pore size larger than the size of CPO was used (i.e., 200) Aa From these results, it appears that the glass-enzyme complex developed through the present work can be used as high-performance biocatalysts for various chemical-processing applications, particularly in harsh conditions. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Borole, Abhijeet AU - Dai, Sheng AU - Cheng, Catherine L AU - Rodriguez, Miguel AU - Davison, Brian H AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, 37831-6226, Oak Ridge, TN, borolea@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 273 EP - 285 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 113 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Glucose oxidase KW - Pores KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - biocatalysts KW - Solvents KW - Enzymes KW - Acetonitrile KW - Immobilization KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860390021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Performance+of+chloroperoxidase+stabilization+in+mesoporous+sol-gel+glass+using+In+situ+glucose+oxidase+peroxide+generation&rft.au=Borole%2C+Abhijeet%3BDai%2C+Sheng%3BCheng%2C+Catherine+L%3BRodriguez%2C+Miguel%3BDavison%2C+Brian+H&rft.aulast=Borole&rft.aufirst=Abhijeet&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A113%3A1-3%3A273 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Glucose oxidase; Pores; Hydrogen peroxide; biocatalysts; Solvents; Enzymes; Acetonitrile; Immobilization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:113:1-3:273 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory stabilizations/solidification of tank sludges: MVST/BVEST. AN - 71745561; 15036693 AB - Oak Ridge tank sludges that have been collected over several decades are being combined for treatment and disposal. Stabilization of the highly radioactive, mixed-waste sludges in the different tank sets has been evaluated prior to the proposed combination and treatment. This paper documents the testing of a Melton Valley Storage Tank (MVST)/Bethel Valley Evaporator Storage Tank set. Subsequent papers will discuss continued work on other tank sets and efforts to maximize the sludge loading. Grout formulations were tested in the laboratory both with a surrogate and with a sample of an actual mixed waste tank sludge from MVST W-25. Wet-sludge loadings of 50-60wt% resulted in strong wasteforms with no free water and gave a volume increase of about 40-50vol%. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) metals included in the surrogate testing were cadmium, chromium, lead, selenium, thallium, and mercury. The actual sludge sample was only characteristically hazardous for mercury by the Toxic Characteristic Leaching Procedure but exceeded the Universal Treatment Standard (UTS) limit for chromium. The grout formulations stabilized these two RCRA metals within UTS limits. In addition, a grout leachability index of about 9.0-10.0 was measured for both (85)Sr and (137)Cs, meeting the recommended requirement of >6.0. JF - Journal of environmental management AU - Spence, R D AU - Mattus, A J AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6202, USA. spencerd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 189 EP - 202 VL - 70 IS - 3 SN - 0301-4797, 0301-4797 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Metals, Heavy KW - Radioactive Pollutants KW - Radioactive Waste KW - Thallium KW - AD84R52XLF KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Thallium -- isolation & purification KW - Thallium -- analysis KW - Nuclear Physics KW - Laboratories KW - Facility Design and Construction KW - Metals, Heavy -- isolation & purification KW - Metals, Heavy -- analysis KW - Radioactive Pollutants -- analysis KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid -- methods KW - Hazardous Substances -- analysis KW - Conservation of Natural Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71745561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.atitle=Laboratory+stabilizations%2Fsolidification+of+tank+sludges%3A+MVST%2FBVEST.&rft.au=Spence%2C+R+D%3BMattus%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Spence&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.issn=03014797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-01 N1 - Date created - 2004-03-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial Diversity and Heterogeneity in Sandy Subsurface Soils AN - 19940055; 5857331 AB - Microbial community diversity and heterogeneity in saturated and unsaturated subsurface soils from Abbott's Pit in Virginia (1.57, 3.25, and 4.05 m below surface) and Dover Air Force Base in Delaware (6.00 and 7.50 m below surface) were analyzed using a culture-independent small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene (rDNA)- based cloning approach. Four to six dominant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified in 33 to 100 unique SSU rDNA clones (constituting about 40 to 50% of the total number of SSU rDNA clones in the clone library) from the saturated subsurface samples, whereas no dominant OTUs were observed in the unsaturated subsurface sample. Less than 10% of the clones among samples from different depths at the same location were identical, and the proportion of overlapping OTUs was lower for the samples that were vertically far apart than for adjacent samples. In addition, no OTUs were shared between the Abbott's Pit and Dover samples. The majority of the clones (80%) had sequences that were less than 5% different from those in the current databases. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that most of the bacterial clones were affiliated with members of the Proteobacteria family (90%), gram-positive bacteria (3%), and members of the Acidobacteria family (3%). Principal component analysis revealed that samples from different geographic locations were well separated and that samples from the same location were closely grouped together. In addition, the nonsaturated subsurface samples from Abbott's Pit clustered together and were well separated from the saturated subsurface soil sample. Finally, the overall diversity of the subsurface samples was much lower than that of the corresponding surface soil samples. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Zhou, J AU - Xia, B AU - Huang, H AU - Palumbo, A V AU - Tiedje, J M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - Mar 2004 SP - 1723 EP - 1734 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 70 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - SSU rRNA KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Phylogeny KW - Acidobacteria KW - Geographical distribution KW - Soils (sandy) KW - Gram-positive bacteria KW - Biodiversity KW - USA, Virginia KW - Biomass KW - Proteobacteria KW - Soil microorganisms KW - Soil KW - rRNA KW - Databases KW - Principal components analysis KW - Soils KW - Taxonomy KW - Geographical variations KW - Heterogeneity KW - USA, Delaware KW - J 02901:Soil and plants KW - D 04600:Soil KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19940055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Microbial+Diversity+and+Heterogeneity+in+Sandy+Subsurface+Soils&rft.au=Zhou%2C+J%3BXia%2C+B%3BHuang%2C+H%3BPalumbo%2C+A+V%3BTiedje%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1723&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.70.3.1723-1734.2004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Soils (sandy); Geographical distribution; Gram-positive bacteria; Biodiversity; Biomass; Soil microorganisms; Soil; Databases; rRNA; Principal components analysis; Soils; Taxonomy; Geographical variations; Heterogeneity; Acidobacteria; Proteobacteria; USA, Virginia; USA, Delaware DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.3.1723-1734.2004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prospects for enhancing carbon sequestration and reclamation of degraded lands with fossil-fuel combustion by-products AN - 16170228; 5827676 AB - Concern for the potential global change consequences of increasing atmospheric CO sub(2) has prompted interest in the development of mechanisms to reduce or stabilize atmospheric CO sub(2). During the next several decades, a program focused on terrestrial sequestration processes could make a significant contribution to abating CO sub(2) increases. The reclamation of degraded lands, such as mine-spoil sites, highway rights-of-way, and poorly managed lands, represents an opportunity to couple C sequestration with the use of fossil-fuel and energy by-products and other waste material, such as biosolids and organic wastes from human and animal sewage treatment facilities, to improve soil quality. Degraded lands are often characterized by acidic pH, low levels of key nutrients, poor soil structure, and limited moisture-retention capacity. Much is known about the methods to improve these soils, but the cost of implementation is often a limiting factor. However, the additional financial and environmental benefits of C sequestration may change the economics of land reclamation activities. The addition of energy-related by-products can address the adverse conditions of these degraded lands through a variety of mechanisms, such as enhancing plant growth and capturing of organic C in long-lived soil C pools. This review examines the use of fossil-fuel combustion by-products and organic amendments to enhance C sequestration and identifies the key gaps in information that still must be addressed before these methods can be implemented on an environmentally meaningful scale. JF - Advances in Environmental Research AU - Palumbo, A V AU - McCarthy, J F AU - Amonette, JE AU - Fisher, L S AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Daniels, W L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, palumboav@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - Mar 2004 SP - 425 EP - 438 VL - 8 IS - 3-4 SN - 1093-0191, 1093-0191 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Degraded lands KW - Fossil-fuel by-products KW - Soil organic matter KW - Land restoration KW - Environmental degradation KW - Fossil fuels KW - Combustion products KW - Nutrients KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Soil moisture KW - Land reclamation KW - Land use KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16170228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Prospects+for+enhancing+carbon+sequestration+and+reclamation+of+degraded+lands+with+fossil-fuel+combustion+by-products&rft.au=Palumbo%2C+A+V%3BMcCarthy%2C+J+F%3BAmonette%2C+JE%3BFisher%2C+L+S%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BDaniels%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Palumbo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Environmental+Research&rft.issn=10930191&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1093-0191%2802%2900124-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental degradation; Carbon sequestration; Fossil fuels; Combustion products; Nutrients; Soil moisture; Carbon dioxide; Land reclamation; Land use DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1093-0191(02)00124-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional establishment of introduced chlorobenzoate degraders following bioaugmentation with newly activated soil. Enhanced contaminant remediation via activated soil bioaugmentation. AN - 80175880; 14971859 AB - Introduced degraders often do not survive when applied to polluted sites; however, the potential for successful bioaugmentation may be increased if newly activated soil (containing indigenous degrader populations recently exposed to the contaminant) or potentially active soil (containing indigenous degrader populations not previously exposed to the contaminant) is used as the inoculant. To investigate this concept, Madera and Oversite soils were amended with 0 or 500 micrograms of 2-, 3-, or 4-chlorobenzoate per gram soil. The Madera degraded 2-chlorobenzoate while the Oversite degraded 3- and 4-chlorobenzoate. After 22 days of incubation, non-active soils that had not degraded chlorobenzoate were bioaugmented with the appropriate activated soil that had been exposed to and degraded chlorobenzoate. Thus, Oversite soil that had not degraded 2-chlorobenzoate was bioaugmented with Madera soil that had degraded 2-chlorobenzoate. Likewise, Madera soil that had not degraded 3- or 4-chlorobenzoate was bioaugmented with the Oversite soil that had degraded 3- or 4-chlorobenzoate. Additionally, the non-active soils were bioaugmented with the corresponding potentially active soils. The Oversite soil amended with activated Madera soil degraded the 2-chlorobenzoate within 3 days of bioaugmentation. The Madera soil amended with activated Oversite soils degraded the 3- and 4-chlorobenzoate within 20 and 6 days, respectively. Large degrader populations developed in microcosms bioaugmented with activated soil, and shifts in the 3- and 4-CB degrader community structures occurred following bioaugmentation. In contrast, bioaugmentation with potentially active soil did not impact degradation. The results indicate the potential for bioaugmentation with newly activated soil to enhance contaminant degradation. JF - Biodegradation AU - Gentry, Terry J AU - Josephson, Karen L AU - Pepper, Ian L AD - University of Arizona, Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, 429 Shantz Building, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. gentrytj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 67 EP - 75 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0923-9820, 0923-9820 KW - Chlorobenzoates KW - 0 KW - DNA, Fungal KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Soil KW - Index Medicus KW - DNA, Fungal -- analysis KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Environmental Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Fungi -- metabolism KW - Chlorobenzoates -- metabolism KW - Fungi -- isolation & purification KW - Fungi -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80175880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biodegradation&rft.atitle=Functional+establishment+of+introduced+chlorobenzoate+degraders+following+bioaugmentation+with+newly+activated+soil.+Enhanced+contaminant+remediation+via+activated+soil+bioaugmentation.&rft.au=Gentry%2C+Terry+J%3BJosephson%2C+Karen+L%3BPepper%2C+Ian+L&rft.aulast=Gentry&rft.aufirst=Terry&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biodegradation&rft.issn=09239820&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-10-18 N1 - Date created - 2004-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Grain boundaries as reservoirs of incompatible elements in the Earth's mantle AN - 51663013; 2005-075594 AB - Intergranular boundaries in igneous rocks are commonly regarded as possible sinks for trace element impurities, and attributed to secondary processes including contamination through melts, aqueous or gaseous permeation. A thermodynamic model describing migration to grain boundaries, in rocks representing the Earth's mantle is examined experimentally, and details are presented. Olivine, olivine + 10% /vol. anorthite, and olivine + 10% /vol. diopside were synthesized, with hot pressing at 1473 K and 300 MPa for up to 7 hr, and annealed at up to 1523 K for 250 hr at 1 atm with fO (sub 2) near the Ni/NiO buffer, followed by quenching. EPMA of the minerals and intergranular boundaries are presented and ilustrated with an HREM image and diffraction pattern. The results show that elemental partitioning between the olivine interior and grain boundaries can be modelled thermodynamically by equilibrium grain-boundary segregation, and that these boundaries may store incompatible elements selectively extracted in the Earth's mantle. JF - Nature (London) AU - Hiraga, Takehiko AU - Anderson, Ian M AU - Kohlstedt, David L Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 699 EP - 703 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 427 IS - 6976 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - silicates KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - mantle KW - phase transitions KW - olivine group KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - electron probe data KW - laboratory studies KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - olivine KW - orthosilicates KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - P-T conditions KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - electron microscopy data KW - high pressure KW - TEM data KW - nesosilicates KW - geodynamics KW - metals KW - high temperature KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51663013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Grain+boundaries+as+reservoirs+of+incompatible+elements+in+the+Earth%27s+mantle&rft.au=Hiraga%2C+Takehiko%3BAnderson%2C+Ian+M%3BKohlstedt%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Hiraga&rft.aufirst=Takehiko&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=427&rft.issue=6976&rft.spage=699&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature+02259 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; calcium; chemical reactions; electron microscopy data; electron probe data; experimental studies; geochemistry; geodynamics; high pressure; high temperature; laboratory studies; magnesium; mantle; metals; mineral composition; nesosilicates; numerical models; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; P-T conditions; phase transitions; pressure; silicates; simulation; TEM data; temperature; thermodynamic properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 3D processing and visualization of 3D magnetic data AN - 50882162; 2005-044597 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Gamey, T Jeffrey AU - Doll, William E AU - Emond, Abraham M AU - Beard, Les P AU - Allred, Barry Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 1368 EP - 1379 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2004 KW - Global Positioning System KW - technology KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - magnetic methods KW - simulation KW - computer programs KW - visualization KW - electromagnetic methods KW - applications KW - accuracy KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50882162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=3D+processing+and+visualization+of+3D+magnetic+data&rft.au=Gamey%2C+T+Jeffrey%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BEmond%2C+Abraham+M%3BBeard%2C+Les+P%3BAllred%2C+Barry&rft.aulast=Gamey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=2004&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1368&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; applications; computer programs; data processing; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; Global Positioning System; magnetic methods; simulation; technology; three-dimensional models; visualization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic tomographic imaging of buried karst features AN - 50881835; 2005-044576 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Carpenter, Philip J AU - Breuer, Eduard AU - Higuera-Diaz, I Camilo AU - Thompson, Michael D AU - Sheehan, Jacob R AU - Doll, William E AU - Mandell, Wayne AU - Allred, Barry Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 1114 EP - 1124 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2004 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - imagery KW - geophysical surveys KW - karst hydrology KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - karst KW - Christian County Kentucky KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - computer programs KW - case studies KW - Fort Campbell Army Airfield KW - sinkholes KW - surveys KW - Kentucky KW - military facilities KW - solution features KW - buried features KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50881835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Seismic+tomographic+imaging+of+buried+karst+features&rft.au=Carpenter%2C+Philip+J%3BBreuer%2C+Eduard%3BHiguera-Diaz%2C+I+Camilo%3BThompson%2C+Michael+D%3BSheehan%2C+Jacob+R%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BMandell%2C+Wayne%3BAllred%2C+Barry&rft.aulast=Carpenter&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=2004&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - buried features; case studies; Christian County Kentucky; computer programs; data processing; Fort Campbell Army Airfield; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; imagery; karst; karst hydrology; Kentucky; military facilities; models; seismic methods; sinkholes; solution features; surveys; tomography; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of MASW and refraction tomography AN - 50881187; 2005-044619 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Sheehan, Jacob R AU - Doll, William E AU - Mandell, Wayne AU - Allred, Barry Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 1611 EP - 1621 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2004 KW - tomography KW - seismograms KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - Poisson's ratio KW - geophysical surveys KW - guided waves KW - geophysical methods KW - mathematical models KW - elastic waves KW - elastic constants KW - refraction methods KW - seismic methods KW - surface waves KW - synthetic seismograms KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - applications KW - seismic waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50881187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+MASW+and+refraction+tomography&rft.au=Sheehan%2C+Jacob+R%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BMandell%2C+Wayne%3BAllred%2C+Barry&rft.aulast=Sheehan&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=2004&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1611&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; body waves; elastic constants; elastic waves; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; guided waves; mathematical models; P-waves; Poisson's ratio; refraction methods; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; seismograms; surface waves; surveys; synthetic seismograms; tomography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and Application of Protocols for the Determination of Response of Real-Time Particle Monitors to Common Indoor Aerosols AN - 20628580; 6261179 AB - Protocols have been developed and applied for the generation of aerosols that are likely to be comparable to those encountered in field settings for the calibration of easily transportable/portable real-time particle monitors. Aerosols generated were simulated environmental tobacco smoke, cedar wood smoke, cooking oil fumes, and propane stove particles. The time-integrated responses of three nephelometers and a monitor for particle-bound polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were compared with gravimetric respirable suspended particulate matter (RSP) in a controlled-atmosphere chamber. In general, the monitor responses increased linearly with increasing mass concentration. However, the two monitors that reported mass per volume concentrations tended to overreport the actual RSP concentrations by factors up to 4.4. The real-time PAH monitor did not respond to cooking oil fumes, indicative of little PAH being present in the aerosol. One of the monitors that has been used in a variety of studies reported in the literature (DustTrak) was collocated with gravimetric RSP samplers in several hospitality venues in the Louisville, KY, area. Field studies indicated that the units overreported actual RSP concentrations by factors of 2.6-3.1, depending on whether the sampling was conducted in the nonsmoking or smoking sections of the facilities. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Jenkins, R A AU - Ilgner, R H AU - Tomkins, BA AU - Peters, D W AD - Environmental Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - Feb 2004 VL - 54 IS - 2 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - cooking oil KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Smoke KW - Aerosols KW - Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Fumes KW - Passive smoking KW - Wood KW - Particulates KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - Indoor environments KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20628580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Development+and+Application+of+Protocols+for+the+Determination+of+Response+of+Real-Time+Particle+Monitors+to+Common+Indoor+Aerosols&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+R+A%3BIlgner%2C+R+H%3BTomkins%2C+BA%3BPeters%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons; Aerosols; Passive smoking; Fumes; Wood; Suspended particulate matter; Particulates; Indoor environments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fugitive mercury emissions from a chlor-alkali factory: sources and fluxes to the atmosphere AN - 16169632; 5890918 AB - During winter 2000, a multi-organization research team assessed fugitive (non-stack) mercury air emissions at a chlor-alkali factory in the US using a variety of sophisticated mercury vapor analyzers to assess fugitive air emissions of mercury. The team obtained mercury data over a 9-day period from inside the factory, with the first known concurrent awareness of manufacturing operations. Emissions were measured from the roof vent, the open-sided basement below the production cells, and from surrounding soils and sealed waste ponds. Some emphasis was also placed on assessing the spatial distribution of Hg concentrations within an operating cell room. The team used real-time and near- real-time Hg analyzers including a Tekran 5-min integrated sampler modified for cell-room use, Lumex RA915+ and Jerome 431-X portable Hg analyzers, and a long- path integrating DOAS system for gaseous elemental Hg, coupled with an optical anemometer for measuring vent-averaged air flow rates. The integrated beam (DOAS) and point measurements of Hg degree compared favorably. One principal finding is that fugitive air emissions from the cell-room roof vent are episodic and vary with factory operating conditions (maintenance and minor operational perturbations). Therefore, air emissions are likely to vary widely among factories on a worldwide basis, in accordance with operating procedures followed at each. Properly positioned, real-time mercury vapor analyzers are potentially valuable tools to locate small-scale process leaks, and to estimate overall emissions from the cell-room building. A preliminary estimate of daily fugitive Hg emissions during this period ( similar to 400-600 g d super(-1)) indicated that the bulk of the atmospheric loss was emitted from the roof vent of the main production building. Sealed waste ponds were not important sources, emitting Hg at rates comparable to background soils. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Southworth, G R AU - Lindberg, SE AU - Zhang, H AU - Anscombe AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Science Division Building, 1505 MS 6036, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, southworthgr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - Feb 2004 SP - 597 EP - 611 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - chlor-alkali factories KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Atmospheric emissions monitoring KW - Mercury fluxes KW - Chlor-alkali KW - Mercury sources KW - Factories KW - Atmospheric pollution sources KW - Ventilation KW - Mercury emissions KW - Emission measurements KW - Mercury KW - Atmospheric pollution emission KW - Flow rates KW - Industrial emissions KW - Industrial atmospheric pollution KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16169632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Fugitive+mercury+emissions+from+a+chlor-alkali+factory%3A+sources+and+fluxes+to+the+atmosphere&rft.au=Southworth%2C+G+R%3BLindberg%2C+SE%3BZhang%2C+H%3BAnscombe&rft.aulast=Southworth&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2003.09.057 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution sources; Mercury emissions; Atmospheric pollution emission; Industrial atmospheric pollution; Factories; Ventilation; Emission measurements; Mercury; Industrial emissions; Flow rates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.057 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glucose Biosensor Based on the Microcantilever AN - 18002280; 5937008 AB - Diagnosis and management of diabetes require quantitative and selective detection of blood glucose levels. We report a technique for micromechanical detection of biologically relevant glucose concentrations by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto a microcantilever surface. Microfabricated cantilevers have traditionally found utility in atomic force microscope imaging. During the past decade, however, microcantilevers have been increasingly used as transducers in chemical-sensing systems. This paper describes the combination of this technology with enzyme specificity to construct a highly selective glucose biosensor. The enzyme-functionalized microcantilever undergoes bending due to a change in surface stress induced by the reaction between glucose in solution and the GOx immobilized on the cantilever surface. Experiments were carried out under flow conditions. The common interferences for glucose detection in other detection schemes have been tested and have shown to have no effect on the measurement of blood glucose level by this technique. JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington) AU - Pei, J AU - Tian, F AU - Thundat, T AD - Life Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6123, USA Y1 - 2004/01/14/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jan 14 SP - 292 EP - 297 VL - 76 IS - 2 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Diabetes mellitus KW - Biosensors KW - Glucose KW - W4 230:Biosensors, Bioelectronics & Bioindicators KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18002280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Glucose+Biosensor+Based+on+the+Microcantilever&rft.au=Pei%2C+J%3BTian%2C+F%3BThundat%2C+T&rft.aulast=Pei&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-01-14&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fac035048k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biosensors; Glucose; Diabetes mellitus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac035048k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A biokinetic model for carbon dioxide and bicarbonate. AN - 71734977; 15031442 AB - A systemic biokinetic model is presented for radiocarbon taken into the body as carbon dioxide or bicarbonate. Parameter values describing retention and excretion of carbon during the first few weeks after administration are based on studies of the fate of radiocarbon in human subjects after injection of labelled bicarbonate or inhalation of carbon dioxide. Data on laboratory animals administered labelled bicarbonate, carbonate or carbon dioxide provide information on the tissue distribution and long-term retention of carbon. Model predictions of the time-dependent distribution and retention of carbon differ considerably from those of models recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Leggett, R W AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. rwl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 203 EP - 213 VL - 108 IS - 3 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Carbon Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Radiopharmaceuticals KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Sodium Bicarbonate KW - 8MDF5V39QO KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Administration, Oral KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- pharmacokinetics KW - Computer Simulation KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- administration & dosage KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Body Burden KW - Humans KW - Metabolic Clearance Rate KW - Organ Specificity KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Internationality KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- analysis KW - Risk Factors KW - Kinetics KW - Sodium Bicarbonate -- administration & dosage KW - Carbon Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carbon Dioxide -- administration & dosage KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Carbon Radioisotopes -- administration & dosage KW - Carbon Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Carbon Dioxide -- pharmacokinetics KW - Whole-Body Counting -- methods KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Models, Biological KW - Sodium Bicarbonate -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71734977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=A+biokinetic+model+for+carbon+dioxide+and+bicarbonate.&rft.au=Leggett%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-11-02 N1 - Date created - 2004-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen isotope zoning profiles in hydrothermally altered feldspars; estimating the duration of water-rock interaction AN - 51891205; 2004-014668 AB - The characterization of intragrain mineralogical and isotopic zoning patterns provides the basis for estimating the duration of fluid-rock interaction associated with mineral replacement reactions. In the Rico, Colorado, hydrothermal system, oxygen isotope ratios in reaction rims on partially reacted plagioclase feldspar exhibit some of the largest gradients yet reported for individual grains (to 15 ppm). The extent of rim formation and accompanying isotopic exchange vary across the system as a function of temperature, fluid isotope composition, and the local fluid/rock ratio. Distal feldspars show narrow rims with (super 18) O enrichments relative to pristine feldspars. Feldspars intermediate or proximal to the system's center have wide reaction rims or are completely exchanged and show (super 18) O depletions. Formation times of reaction rims and associated isotopic patterns have been estimated with a coupled reaction-diffusion model that suggests that hotter ( approximately 250-350 degrees C) hydrothermal circulation was active for approximately 100-300 k.y. in the center part of the system, perhaps only while the igneous heat engine was still magma. Cooler ( approximately 150-200 degrees C) circulation was widespread, lasting for >1000 k.y. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Cole, David R AU - Larson, Peter B AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Mora, Claudia I Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 29 EP - 32 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - metasomatism KW - stable isotopes KW - water-rock interaction KW - San Juan County Colorado KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - zoning KW - plagioclase KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - isotope ratios KW - mineral-water interface KW - Silverton Colorado KW - San Juan volcanic field KW - albite KW - O-18/O-16 KW - reaction rims KW - Colorado KW - feldspar group KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51891205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Oxygen+isotope+zoning+profiles+in+hydrothermally+altered+feldspars%3B+estimating+the+duration+of+water-rock+interaction&rft.au=Cole%2C+David+R%3BLarson%2C+Peter+B%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BMora%2C+Claudia+I&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FG19881.1 L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - With GSA Data Repository Item 2004003 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - albite; Colorado; diffusion; experimental studies; feldspar group; framework silicates; geochemistry; hydrothermal alteration; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; mass spectra; metasomatism; mineral-water interface; O-18/O-16; oxygen; plagioclase; reaction rims; San Juan County Colorado; San Juan volcanic field; silicates; Silverton Colorado; spectra; stable isotopes; United States; water-rock interaction; zoning DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G19881.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An application of Bayesian inverse methods to vertical deconvolution of hydraulic conductivity in a heterogeneous aquifer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory AN - 51836752; 2004-047783 JF - Mathematical Geology AU - Fienen, Michael N AU - Kitanidis, Peter K AU - Watson, David AU - Jardine, Philip Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 101 EP - 126 PB - Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers [for the] International Association for Mathematical Geology, New York-London VL - 36 IS - 1 SN - 0882-8121, 0882-8121 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hydrology KW - geophysical surveys KW - Bayesian analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - inverse problem KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - deconvolution KW - Tennessee KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - applications KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - algorithms KW - heterogeneity KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51836752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathematical+Geology&rft.atitle=An+application+of+Bayesian+inverse+methods+to+vertical+deconvolution+of+hydraulic+conductivity+in+a+heterogeneous+aquifer+at+Oak+Ridge+National+Laboratory&rft.au=Fienen%2C+Michael+N%3BKitanidis%2C+Peter+K%3BWatson%2C+David%3BJardine%2C+Philip&rft.aulast=Fienen&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mathematical+Geology&rft.issn=08828121&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/app/home/journal.asp?wasp=b408f16fc4da4b01a4296f132139c809&referrer=parent&backto=browsepublicationsresults,1625,2444; LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MATGED N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Anderson County Tennessee; applications; aquifers; Bayesian analysis; bioremediation; deconvolution; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; heterogeneity; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; inverse problem; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; remediation; statistical analysis; surveys; Tennessee; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of elevated CO (sub 2) on nutrient cycling in a sweetgum plantation AN - 51780906; 2004-083954 AB - The effects of elevated CO (sub 2) on nutrient cycling and selected belowground processes in the closed-canopy sweetgum plantation were assessed as part of a free-air CO (sub 2) enrichment (FACE) experiment at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. We hypothesized that nitrogen (N) constraints to growth response to elevated CO (sub 2) would be mitigated primarily by reduced tissue concentrations (resulting in increased biomass production per unit uptake) rather than increased uptake. Conversely, we hypothesized that the constraints of other nutrients to growth response to elevated CO (sub 2) would be mitigated primarily by increased uptake because of adequate soil supplies. The first hypothesis was not supported: although elevated CO (sub 2) caused reduced foliar N concentrations, it also resulted in increased uptake and requirement of N, primarily because of greater root turnover. The additional N uptake with elevated CO (sub 2) constituted between 10 and 40% of the estimated soil mineralizeable N pool. The second hypothesis was largely supported: elevated CO (sub 2) had no significant effects on tissue concentrations of P, K, Ca, or Mg and caused significantly increased uptake and requirement of K, Ca, and Mg. Soil exchangeable pools of these nutrients are large and should pose no constraint to continued growth responses. Elevated CO (sub 2) also caused increased microbial biomass, reduced N leaching and increased P leaching from O horizons (measured by resin lysimeters), reduced soil solution NH (super +) 4, SO (super 2-) 4, and Ca (super 2+) concentrations, and increased soil solution pH. There were no statistically significant treatment effects on soil nutrient availability as measured by resin capsules, resin stakes, or in situ incubations. Despite significantly lower litterfall N concentrations in the elevated CO (sub 2) treatment, there were no significant treatment effects on translocation or forest floor biomass or nutrient contents. There were also no significant treatment effects on the rate of decomposition of fine roots. In general, the effects of elevated CO (sub 2) on nutrient cycling in this study were not large; future constraints on growth responses imposed by N limitations will depend on changes in N demand, atmospheric N deposition, and soil mineralization rates. JF - Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) AU - Johnson, D W AU - Cheng, W AU - Joslin, J D AU - Norby, R J AU - Edwards, N T AU - Todd, D E, Jr Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 379 EP - 403 PB - Nijhoff/Junk, Dordrecht-Boston-Lancaster VL - 69 IS - 3 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - United States KW - resins KW - biomass KW - Hamamelidaceae KW - enrichment KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - nitrogen KW - carbon dioxide KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - Magnoliophyta KW - Liquidambar KW - Tennessee KW - Tracheobionta KW - Hamamelidales KW - lysimeters KW - pH KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - forests KW - concentration KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - fines KW - statistical analysis KW - agriculture KW - geochemical cycle KW - nutrients KW - Hamamelidae KW - leaching KW - microorganisms KW - Magnoliopsida KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51780906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+elevated+CO+%28sub+2%29+on+nutrient+cycling+in+a+sweetgum+plantation&rft.au=Johnson%2C+D+W%3BCheng%2C+W%3BJoslin%2C+J+D%3BNorby%2C+R+J%3BEdwards%2C+N+T%3BTodd%2C+D+E%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100244/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from PASCAL, Institute de l'Information Scientifique et Technique, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; biomass; carbon dioxide; concentration; ecosystems; enrichment; experimental studies; fines; forests; geochemical cycle; Hamamelidaceae; Hamamelidae; Hamamelidales; leaching; Liquidambar; lysimeters; Magnoliophyta; Magnoliopsida; microorganisms; nitrogen; nutrients; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pH; Plantae; resins; Roane County Tennessee; soils; statistical analysis; Tennessee; Tracheobionta; United States; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the surface complexation of calcium at the rutile-water interface to 250 degrees C AN - 51745830; 2005-018615 AB - The adsorption behavior of metal-(hydr)oxide surfaces can be described and rationalized using a variety of surface complexation models. However, these models do not uniquely describe experimental data unless some additional insight into actual binding mechanisms for a given system is available. This paper presents the results of applying the MUlti SIte Complexation or MUSIC model, coupled with a Stern-based three layer description of the electric double layer, to Ca (super 2+) adsorption data on rutile surfaces from 25 to 250 degrees C in 0.03 and 0.30 m NaCl background electrolyte. Model results reveal that the tetradentate adsorption configuration found for Sr (super 2+) adsorbed on the rutile (110) surface in the in situ X-ray standing wave experiments of provides a good fit to all Ca (super 2+) adsorption data. Furthermore, it is also shown that equally good fits result from other plausible adsorption complexes, including various monodentate and bidentate adsorption configurations. These results amply demonstrate the utility of in situ spectroscopic data to constrain surface complexation modeling, and the ability of the MUSIC model approach to accommodate this spectroscopic information. Moreover, this is the first use of any surface complexation model to describe multivalent ion adsorption systematically into the hydrothermal regime. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Palmer, Donald A Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 239 EP - 251 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 68 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - calcium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - complexing KW - mineral-water interface KW - electrolytes KW - adsorption KW - layered materials KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - rutile KW - MUSIC model KW - theoretical models KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - MUlti SIte Complexation KW - chemical fractionation KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51745830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+surface+complexation+of+calcium+at+the+rutile-water+interface+to+250+degrees+C&rft.au=Ridley%2C+Moira+K%3BMachesky%2C+Michael+L%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900420-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkaline earth metals; calcium; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; complexing; electrolytes; geochemistry; layered materials; metals; mineral-water interface; MUlti SIte Complexation; MUSIC model; oxides; rutile; spectra; theoretical models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00420-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the bioaccesibility of Cr and Cd in soil AN - 51557060; 2006-064078 JF - Soil & Sediment Contamination AU - Stewart, Melanie A AU - Jardine, P AU - Mehlhorn, T AU - Barnett, M AU - Fendorf, Scott E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 158 PB - CRC Press for AEHS (Association for the Environmental Health of Soils), Boca Raton, FL VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 1549-7887, 1549-7887 KW - United States KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - reclamation KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - human ecology KW - bioaccumulation KW - hexavalent chromium KW - detection KW - metals KW - cadmium KW - risk assessment KW - military facilities KW - geochemistry KW - chromium KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51557060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+bioaccesibility+of+Cr+and+Cd+in+soil&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Melanie+A%3BJardine%2C+P%3BMehlhorn%2C+T%3BBarnett%2C+M%3BFendorf%2C+Scott+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.issn=15497887&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/10588337.asp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 19th annual international conference on Soils, sediments, and water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioaccumulation; bioavailability; cadmium; chromium; detection; geochemistry; hexavalent chromium; human ecology; metals; military facilities; pollution; reclamation; risk assessment; soils; toxic materials; United States; waste disposal sites ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modelling fate and transport of chlorinated organic compounds in the subsurface AN - 51406331; 2007-069853 JF - Contaminated ground water and sediment; modeling for management and remediation AU - Sleep, Brent E AU - Durant, Neal D AU - Faust, Charles R AU - Guarnaccia, Joseph G AU - Hardness, Mark R AU - Parker, Jack C AU - Sehayek, Lily A2 - Chien, Calvin C. A2 - Medina, Miguel A. A2 - Pinder, George F. A2 - Reible, Danny D. A2 - Sleep, Brent E. A2 - Zheng, Chunmniao Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 PB - Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton SN - 156670667X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - contaminant plumes KW - spatial data KW - bioavailability KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - transport KW - mass balance KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - mass transfer KW - kinetics KW - Superfund sites KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - Cohansey Formation KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - case studies KW - Tertiary KW - organic compounds KW - Neogene KW - multiphase flow KW - hydrocarbons KW - New Jersey KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51406331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Sleep%2C+Brent+E%3BDurant%2C+Neal+D%3BFaust%2C+Charles+R%3BGuarnaccia%2C+Joseph+G%3BHardness%2C+Mark+R%3BParker%2C+Jack+C%3BSehayek%2C+Lily&rft.aulast=Sleep&rft.aufirst=Brent&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=156670667X&rft.btitle=Modelling+fate+and+transport+of+chlorinated+organic+compounds+in+the+subsurface&rft.title=Modelling+fate+and+transport+of+chlorinated+organic+compounds+in+the+subsurface&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 241 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Designing of cement-based formula for solidification/stabilization of hazardous, radioactive, and mixed wastes AN - 51329475; 2007-019771 JF - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology AU - Shi, Caijun AU - Spence, Roger Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 391 EP - 417 PB - CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL VL - 34 IS - 4 SN - 1064-3389, 1064-3389 KW - hazardous waste KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - laboratory studies KW - controls KW - transport KW - chemical properties KW - reduction KW - chemical composition KW - solid waste KW - pH KW - construction materials KW - soils KW - stabilization KW - fixation KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - cement materials KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - solubility KW - cost KW - solidification KW - solid phase KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - permeability KW - encapsulation KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51329475?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Designing+of+cement-based+formula+for+solidification%2Fstabilization+of+hazardous%2C+radioactive%2C+and+mixed+wastes&rft.au=Shi%2C+Caijun%3BSpence%2C+Roger&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Caijun&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=10643389&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10643380490443281 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10643389 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cement materials; chemical composition; chemical properties; construction materials; controls; cost; encapsulation; experimental studies; fixation; hazardous waste; laboratory studies; leaching; optimization; oxidation; permeability; pH; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; reduction; soils; solid phase; solid waste; solidification; solubility; stabilization; transport; waste disposal; waste management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10643380490443281 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Light lithophile abundances and isotopic ratios in shergottites AN - 51299231; 2008-016485 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Lentz, R C F AU - McSween, H Y, Jr AU - Fayek, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 EP - unpaginated PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 35 KW - silicates KW - isotope fractionation KW - Shergotty Meteorite KW - stony meteorites KW - ion probe data KW - Martian meteorites KW - mass spectra KW - aqueous solutions KW - melts KW - lithophile elements KW - SNC Meteorites KW - meteorites KW - pyroxene group KW - water content KW - spectra KW - chain silicates KW - alkaline earth metals KW - lithium KW - isotope ratios KW - alkali metals KW - QUE 94201 KW - achondrites KW - Antarctica KW - shergottite KW - metals KW - light lithophile elements KW - Queen Alexandra Range Meteorites KW - boron KW - beryllium KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51299231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Light+lithophile+abundances+and+isotopic+ratios+in+shergottites&rft.au=Lentz%2C+R+C+F%3BMcSween%2C+H+Y%2C+Jr%3BFayek%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lentz&rft.aufirst=R+C&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2004/pdf/1633.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-fifth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Feb. 6, 2007 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; Antarctica; aqueous solutions; beryllium; boron; chain silicates; ion probe data; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; light lithophile elements; lithium; lithophile elements; Martian meteorites; mass spectra; melts; metals; meteorites; pyroxene group; QUE 94201; Queen Alexandra Range Meteorites; shergottite; Shergotty Meteorite; silicates; SNC Meteorites; spectra; stony meteorites; water content ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial population and degradation activity changes monitored during a chlorinated solvent biovent demonstration AN - 51141651; 2005-004469 AB - Microbial populations and degradation activity increased significantly during a chlorinated solvent bioventing bioremediation effort using propane at Dover Air Force Base in Delaware. The propane injection resulted in degradation of a mixture of chlorinated solvents, including trichloroethylene (TCE), cis-dichloroethylene (c-DCE), and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA). In only 20 d, the propane injection resulted in decreases of TCE and c-DCE of >98%, and a decrease in TCA in soil gas by approximately 70%. The degradation of the TCA may not have occurred with a methane, butane, toluene, or phenol injection. These decreases in chlorinated solvent concentrations were accompanied by large increases in propane-utilizing bacteria that ranged from below detection levels prior to the injection to approximately 1% of the ending total aerobic heterotrophic population by the end of the propane injection. Thus, a proportional increase occurred as heterotrophic counts increased a hundredfold. Microbial TCE degradation activity, as measured in microcosms, also increased with the propane injection. The highest rates of degradation were observed in microcosms with propane and nutrients, indicating the potential for higher field rates of degradation with nutrient additions. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Pfiffner, Susam M AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Sayles, Gregory D AU - Gannon, David Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 102 EP - 110 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - Kent County Delaware KW - soil vapor extraction KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethane KW - remediation KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - solvents KW - butane KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - activity KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - dichloroethylenes KW - monitoring KW - methane KW - Delaware KW - injection KW - rates KW - alkanes KW - bioremediation KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51141651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Microbial+population+and+degradation+activity+changes+monitored+during+a+chlorinated+solvent+biovent+demonstration&rft.au=Pfiffner%2C+Susam+M%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BSayles%2C+Gregory+D%3BGannon%2C+David&rft.aulast=Pfiffner&rft.aufirst=Susam&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activity; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; biodegradation; bioremediation; bioventing; butane; chlorinated hydrocarbons; degradation; Delaware; dichloroethylenes; Dover Air Force Base; experimental studies; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; injection; Kent County Delaware; methane; microorganisms; military facilities; monitoring; organic compounds; rates; remediation; soil vapor extraction; solvents; trichloroethane; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigations of dawsonite-forming reactions for geological CO (sub 2) sequestration AN - 50869521; 2007-027032 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Benezeth, P AU - Palmer, D A AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Blencoe, J G A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 539 EP - 543 PB - International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry and Alberta Research Council, Sub-Group on Water-Rock Interaction, Toronto, ON VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - United States KW - petroleum exploration KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - sedimentary basins KW - characterization KW - petroleum KW - global change KW - Europe KW - oil and gas fields KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - Sliepner Field KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - basins KW - mineral assemblages KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - saline composition KW - global warming KW - Utsira Formation KW - experimental studies KW - Western Europe KW - sequestration KW - in situ KW - human activity KW - solubility KW - hydrochemistry KW - North Sea region KW - measurement KW - aquifers KW - models KW - Scandinavia KW - brines KW - Norway KW - dawsonite KW - Colorado KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50869521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=Investigations+of+dawsonite-forming+reactions+for+geological+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration&rft.au=Benezeth%2C+P%3BPalmer%2C+D+A%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BBlencoe%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Benezeth&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=539&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; basins; brines; carbon dioxide; carbonates; characterization; chemical composition; chemical reactions; Colorado; dawsonite; Europe; experimental studies; geochemistry; global change; global warming; ground water; human activity; hydrochemistry; in situ; kinetics; measurement; mineral assemblages; models; North Sea region; Norway; oil and gas fields; petroleum; petroleum exploration; phase equilibria; reservoir rocks; saline composition; Scandinavia; sedimentary basins; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; sequestration; Sliepner Field; solubility; United States; Utsira Formation; Western Europe; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of nanoscale porosity on fluid behavior AN - 50118553; 2010-003033 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Cole, D R AU - Gruszkiewicz, M S AU - Simonson, J M AU - Chialvo, A A AU - Melnichenko, Y B AU - Wignall, G D AU - Lynn, G W AU - Lin, J S AU - Habenschuss, A AU - Gu, B AU - More, K L AU - Burchell, T D AU - Striolo, A AU - Leng, Y AU - Cummings, P T AU - Cooper, W T AU - Schilling, M AU - Gubbins, K E AU - Frielinghaus, H A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 735 EP - 739 PB - Taylor & Francis VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - characterization KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - petroleum KW - fluid phase KW - aqueous solutions KW - simulation KW - NMR spectra KW - infrared spectra KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - FTIR spectra KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - movement KW - spectra KW - thermodynamic properties KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - migration KW - experimental studies KW - methane KW - alkanes KW - hydrochemistry KW - TEM data KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - gases KW - aquifers KW - solid phase KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - mobilization KW - SEM data KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50118553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=Influence+of+nanoscale+porosity+on+fluid+behavior&rft.au=Cole%2C+D+R%3BGruszkiewicz%2C+M+S%3BSimonson%2C+J+M%3BChialvo%2C+A+A%3BMelnichenko%2C+Y+B%3BWignall%2C+G+D%3BLynn%2C+G+W%3BLin%2C+J+S%3BHabenschuss%2C+A%3BGu%2C+B%3BMore%2C+K+L%3BBurchell%2C+T+D%3BStriolo%2C+A%3BLeng%2C+Y%3BCummings%2C+P+T%3BCooper%2C+W+T%3BSchilling%2C+M%3BGubbins%2C+K+E%3BFrielinghaus%2C+H&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=735&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aqueous solutions; aquifers; carbon dioxide; characterization; chemical composition; chemical reactions; experimental studies; fluid phase; FTIR spectra; gases; geochemistry; ground water; hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; infrared spectra; measurement; methane; migration; mobilization; movement; NMR spectra; organic compounds; petroleum; physical properties; porosity; SEM data; simulation; solid phase; spectra; TEM data; thermodynamic properties; transport; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrothermal carbon dioxide reduction with magnetite at 400 degrees C and 500 bar AN - 50116457; 2010-003144 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Fu, Q AU - Seyfried, W E, Jr AU - Horita, J A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 1285 EP - 1288 PB - Taylor & Francis VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - gas chromatograms KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - magnetization KW - metasomatism KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - reactivity KW - geothermal systems KW - water-rock interaction KW - oxides KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - ocean floors KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - surface properties KW - experimental studies KW - acids KW - methane KW - pressure KW - paleomagnetism KW - alkanes KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - magnetite KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50116457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=Hydrothermal+carbon+dioxide+reduction+with+magnetite+at+400+degrees+C+and+500+bar&rft.au=Fu%2C+Q%3BSeyfried%2C+W+E%2C+Jr%3BHorita%2C+J&rft.aulast=Fu&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1285&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acids; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; carbon dioxide; chemical composition; experimental studies; gas chromatograms; geochemistry; geothermal systems; hydrocarbons; hydrothermal alteration; hydrothermal conditions; magnetite; magnetization; metals; metasomatism; methane; Mossbauer spectra; ocean floors; organic compounds; oxides; paleomagnetism; pressure; reactivity; reduction; spectra; surface properties; temperature; water-rock interaction; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray photoelectron spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Nanophase Materials ( less than or equal to 20 nm) on Biological Responses AN - 20979110; 6104362 AB - Nanophase materials have enhanced properties (thermal, mechanical, electrical, surface reactivity, etc.) not found in bulk materials. Intuitively, the enhancement of material properties could occur when the materials encounter biological specimens. Previous investigations of biological interactions with nanometer-scale materials have been very limited. With the ability to manipulate atoms and molecules, we now can create predefined nanostructures with unprecedented precision. In parallel with this development, improved understanding of the biological effects of the nanophase materials, whatever those may be, should also deserve attention. In this study, we have applied precision aerosol technology to investigate cellular response to nanoparticles. We used synthetic nanoparticles generated by an electrospray technique to produce nanoparticles in the size range of 8-13 nm with practically monodispersed aerosol particles and approximately the same number concentration. We report here on the potency of nano-metal particles with single or binary chemical components in eliciting interleukin-8 (IL-8) production from epithelial cell lines. For single-component nanoparticles, we found that nano-Cu particles were more potent in IL-8 production than nano-Ni and nano-V particles. However, the kinetics of IL-8 production by these three nanoparticles was different, the nano-Ni being the highest among the three. When sulfuric acid was introduced to form acidified nano-Ni particles, we found that the potency of such binary-component nanoparticles in eliciting IL-8 production was increased markedly, by about six times. However, the acidified binary nano-Na and -Mg nanoparticles did not exhibit the same effects as binary nano-Ni particles did. Since Ni, a transition metal, could induce free radicals on cell surfaces, while Na and Mg could not, the acidity might have enhanced the oxidative stress caused by radicals to the cells, leading to markedly higher IL-8 production. This result indicates the complexity of biological responses to nanoparticles. We believe that the exposure methodology and aerosol technology employed in our research will provide an effective means to systematically investigate cellular responses to nanoparticles, structured or unstructured, in ongoing research projects. Different cell lines, chemicals, and particle morphology can also be investigated using such a methodology. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering AU - Cheng, M-D AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-2008, USA, chengmd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 2691 EP - 2705 VL - A39 IS - 10 SN - 1093-4529, 1093-4529 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Cell surface KW - Epithelial cells KW - Aerosols KW - Free radicals KW - Transition metals KW - Interleukin 8 KW - Oxidative stress KW - Kinetics KW - Sulfuric acid KW - Cytology KW - Acidity KW - nanoparticles KW - X 24360:Metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20979110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Toxic%2FHazardous+Substances+%26+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Nanophase+Materials+%28+less+than+or+equal+to+20+nm%29+on+Biological+Responses&rft.au=Cheng%2C+M-D&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=M-D&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=A39&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2691&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Toxic%2FHazardous+Substances+%26+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=10934529&rft_id=info:doi/10.1081%2FLESA-200027028 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epithelial cells; Cell surface; Aerosols; Oxidative stress; Kinetics; Free radicals; Sulfuric acid; Cytology; Transition metals; Acidity; nanoparticles; Interleukin 8 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/LESA-200027028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative relationship between synonymous codon usage bias and GC composition across unicellular genomes AN - 19816353; 6044809 AB - Codon usage bias has been widely reported to correlate with GC composition. However, the quantitative relationship between codon usage bias and GC composition across species has not been reported. Based on an informatics method (SCUO) we developed previously using Shannon informational theory and maximum entropy theory, we investigated the quantitative relationship between codon usage bias and GC composition. The regression based on 70 bacterial and 16 archaeal genomes showed that in bacteria, SCUO = -2.06 * GC3 + 2.05*(GC3) super(2 )+ 0.65, r = 0.91, and that in archaea, SCUO = -1.79 * GC3 + 1.85*(GC3) super(2 )+ 0.56, r = 0.89. We developed an analytical model to quantify synonymous codon usage bias by GC compositions based on SCUO. The parameters within this model were inferred by inspecting the relationship between codon usage bias and GC composition across 70 bacterial and 16 archaeal genomes. We further simplified this relationship using only GC3. This simple model was supported by computational simulation. The synonymous codon usage bias could be simply expressed as 1+ (p/2)log sub(2)(p/2) + ((1-p)/2)log sub(2)((l-p)/2), where p = GC3. The software we developed for measuring SCUO (codonO) is available at http://digbio.missouri.edu/~wanx/cu/codonO. JF - BMC Evolutionary Biology AU - Wan, Xiu-Feng AU - Xu, Dong AU - Kleinhofs, Andris AU - Zhou, Jizhong AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, wanx@missouri.edu Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 4 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - Guanylate cyclase KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Archaea KW - Informatics KW - Computer applications KW - Entropy KW - Models KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19816353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Evolutionary+Biology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+relationship+between+synonymous+codon+usage+bias+and+GC+composition+across+unicellular+genomes&rft.au=Wan%2C+Xiu-Feng%3BXu%2C+Dong%3BKleinhofs%2C+Andris%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=Xiu-Feng&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Evolutionary+Biology&rft.issn=1471-2148&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2148-4-19 L2 - http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2148-4-19.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Computer programs; Guanylate cyclase; software; Informatics; Computer applications; Entropy; Models; Archaea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-4-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuits: potentially small, rugged and inexpensive whole-cell biosensors for remote environmental monitoring AN - 19264550; 5826394 AB - A bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit (BBIC) is a novel whole-cell biosensor that combines the environmental monitoring capabilities of genetically engineered bioluminescent micro-organisms (bioreporters) with optical application-specific integrated circuits. A BBIC device consists of bioreporters sustained within a micro-environment, the integrated circuit microluminometer, and a light-tight enclosure. The bioreporter typically contains the luxCDABE reporter genes encoding the enzymes required for bioluminescence. In the presence of a targeted analyte, a gene (transcriptional) regulatory system induces the expression of the luxCDABE genes. Analytical benchmark data for exposure of the bioreporter Pseudomonas fluorescens 5RL to salicylate was determined using a flow-through test system. The detection limit (after a 45 min exposure) was ca 50 mu 1 super(-1) and response times decreased from ca 45 to 20 min as the concentration increased from 50 mu 1 super(-1) to 1 mg 1 super(-1). These results are currently being used to scrutinize enclosures and micro-environment configurations to devlop a simple and inexpensive means of creating a 'laboratory-on-a-chip' and could be used in a network to protect valuable human and environmental resources. This article reviews the present state of luxCDABE-based bioreporter research, demonstrates the integration of the bioreporters with complementary metal oxide semiconductor photodiode-integrated circuits, and discusses future challenges for real-time in situ BBIC environmental monitoring. JF - Journal of Applied Microbiology AU - Nivens, D AU - Mcknight, T AU - Moser, S AU - Osbourn, S AU - Simpson, M AU - Sayler, G AD - Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA and Molecular-scale Engineering and Nano-scale Technology Group Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, sayler@utk.edu Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 33 EP - 46 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 96 IS - 1 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Biosensors KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Pseudomonas fluorescens KW - Reporter gene KW - Bioluminescence KW - Microorganisms KW - W4 230:Biosensors, Bioelectronics & Bioindicators KW - A 01103:General KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19264550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Bioluminescent+bioreporter+integrated+circuits%3A+potentially+small%2C+rugged+and+inexpensive+whole-cell+biosensors+for+remote+environmental+monitoring&rft.au=Nivens%2C+D%3BMcknight%2C+T%3BMoser%2C+S%3BOsbourn%2C+S%3BSimpson%2C+M%3BSayler%2C+G&rft.aulast=Nivens&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2672.2003.02114.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudomonas fluorescens; Bioluminescence; Environmental monitoring; Biosensors; Reporter gene; Microorganisms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.02114.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complete genome sequence of the metabolically versatile photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris AN - 19225611; 5805289 AB - Rhodopseudomonas palustris is among the most metabolically versatile bacteria known. It uses light, inorganic compounds, or organic compounds, for energy. It acquires carbon from many types of green plant-derived compounds or by carbon dioxide fixation, and it fixes nitrogen. Here we describe the genome sequence of R. palustris, which consists of a 5,459,213-base-pair (bp) circular chromosome with 4,836 predicted genes and a plasmid of 8,427 bp. The sequence reveals genes that confer a remarkably large number of options within a given type of metabolism, including three nitrogenases, five benzene ring cleavage pathways and four light harvesting 2 systems. R. palustris encodes 63 signal transduction histidine kinases and 79 response regulator receiver domains. Almost 15% of the genome is devoted to transport. This genome sequence is a starting point to use R. palustris as a model to explore how organisms integrate metabolic modules in response to environmental perturbations. JF - Nature Biotechnology AU - Larimer, F W AU - Chain, P AU - Hauser, L AU - Lamerdin, J AU - Malfatti, S AU - Do, L AU - Land, M L AU - Pelletier, DA AU - Beatty, J T AU - Lang, A S AU - Tabita AU - Gibson, J L AU - Hanson, TE AU - Bobst, C AU - Torres y Torres, JL AU - Peres, C AU - Harrison, F H AU - Gibson, J AU - Harwood, C S AD - Genome Analysis and Systems Modeling, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Rd., Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA, caroline-harwood@uiowa.edu Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 55 EP - 61 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building 4 Crinan Street London N1 9XW UK, [mailto:feedback@nature.com], [URL:http://www.nature.com/] VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - nitrogenase KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Carbon sources KW - Rhodopseudomonas palustris KW - Histidine kinase KW - Nitrogen fixation KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Metabolism KW - Signal transduction KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - W2 32060:Microorganisms KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19225611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Complete+genome+sequence+of+the+metabolically+versatile+photosynthetic+bacterium+Rhodopseudomonas+palustris&rft.au=Larimer%2C+F+W%3BChain%2C+P%3BHauser%2C+L%3BLamerdin%2C+J%3BMalfatti%2C+S%3BDo%2C+L%3BLand%2C+M+L%3BPelletier%2C+DA%3BBeatty%2C+J+T%3BLang%2C+A+S%3BTabita%3BGibson%2C+J+L%3BHanson%2C+TE%3BBobst%2C+C%3BTorres+y+Torres%2C+JL%3BPeres%2C+C%3BHarrison%2C+F+H%3BGibson%2C+J%3BHarwood%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Larimer&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnbt923 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rhodopseudomonas palustris; Genomes; Nitrogen fixation; Carbon sources; Signal transduction; Histidine kinase; Carbon dioxide; Metabolism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt923 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implication of mitochondrial involvement in apoptotic activity of fragile histidine triad gene: Application of synchronous luminescence spectroscopy AN - 17848243; 5907844 AB - The fragile histidine triad (FHIT) tumor suppressor gene incorporates the common human chromosomal fragile site at 3p14.2. The structure and expression of the FHIT gene are frequently altered in many cancers. The tumor suppressor activity of the FHIT gene has been previously demonstrated as potentially involving apoptotic induction. Here, mitochondria are implicated as being involved in the apoptotic activity of the FHIT gene. A number of morphological and biochemical events, including the disruption of the inner mitochondrial transmembrane potential ([Delta][Psi] sub()m) and the release of apoptogenic cytochrome c protein into the cytoplasm, are characteristic features of the apoptotic program. The proapoptotic activity of the FHIT gene is studied by investigating the loss of [Delta][Psi] sub()m in mitochondria and translocation of cytochrome c. Synchronous luminescence (SL) spectroscopy is applied to measure mitochondrial incorporation of rhodamine 123 for direct analysis of alterations in the mitochondrial [Delta][Psi] sub()m. The SL methodology is based on synchronous excitation in which the excitation and emission wavelengths are scanned simultaneously while a constant wavelength interval is maintained between the excitation and emission monochromators. An enhanced collapse of [Delta][Psi] sub()m in apoptotically induced FHIT expressing cells compared to FHIT negative cells is observed. The loss of [Delta][Psi] sub()m is greatly restricted in the presence of the apoptotic inhibitor, cyclosporin A. Cytoplasmic translocation of cytochrome c in the FHIT expressing cells as an early event in apoptosis is also demonstrated. It is concluded that Fhit protein expression maintained apoptotic function by altering the [Delta][Psi] sub()m and by enhancing cytochrome c efflux from the mitochondria. JF - Biopolymers AU - Askari, Minoo DF AU - Vo-Dinh, Tuan AD - Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, vodinht@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 510 EP - 523 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 73 IS - 4 SN - 0006-3525, 0006-3525 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Tumor suppressor genes KW - Apoptosis KW - Biopolymers KW - Mitochondria KW - Spectroscopy KW - Cancer KW - Cytochrome c KW - Cyclosporin A KW - Fragile sites KW - FHIT protein KW - Luminescence KW - Membrane potential KW - W4 150:Medical Imaging KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17848243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biopolymers&rft.atitle=Implication+of+mitochondrial+involvement+in+apoptotic+activity+of+fragile+histidine+triad+gene%3A+Application+of+synchronous+luminescence+spectroscopy&rft.au=Askari%2C+Minoo+DF%3BVo-Dinh%2C+Tuan&rft.aulast=Askari&rft.aufirst=Minoo&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=510&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biopolymers&rft.issn=00063525&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbip.10544 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - FHIT protein; Mitochondria; Apoptosis; Cytochrome c; Luminescence; Spectroscopy; Tumor suppressor genes; Cyclosporin A; Fragile sites; Biopolymers; Membrane potential; Cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.10544 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HAADF-STEM imaging with sub-angstrom probes: a full Bloch wave analysis AN - 17588618; 5952131 AB - A full coherent Bloch wave calculation is presented to investigate high- angle annular dark-field image formation for sub-angstrom probes in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). With increasing illumination angle, the contribution of the 1s bound state increases to a maximum at an optimum probe angle, after which we find increasing contributions from high-angle plane wave states around the periphery of the objective aperture. Examination of image contributions from different depths within a crystal shows an oscillatory behavior due to the beating between 1s and non-1s states. The oscillation period reduces with decreasing probe size, while the relative contribution from a specific depth increases. This signifies a changeover from a projection mode of imaging to a depth-slicing mode of imaging. This new mode appears capable of resolving three-dimensional atomic structures in future generation aberration- corrected STEM. JF - Journal of Electron Microscopy AU - Peng, Yiping AU - Nellist, Peter D AU - Pennycook, Stephen J AD - Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 257 EP - 266 VL - 53 IS - 3 SN - 0022-0744, 0022-0744 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Illumination KW - Oscillations KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Probes KW - Crystals KW - imaging KW - Electron microscopy KW - W4 150:Medical Imaging KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17588618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Electron+Microscopy&rft.atitle=HAADF-STEM+imaging+with+sub-angstrom+probes%3A+a+full+Bloch+wave+analysis&rft.au=Peng%2C+Yiping%3BNellist%2C+Peter+D%3BPennycook%2C+Stephen+J&rft.aulast=Peng&rft.aufirst=Yiping&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Electron+Microscopy&rft.issn=00220744&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Probes; imaging; Crystals; Transmission electron microscopy; Oscillations; Illumination; Electron microscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Origins of and Changes in the Symposium Series on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals AN - 17512886; 6404470 AB - More than two decades ago, a group of research engineers and applied scientists with interest in energy applications of bioprocessing initiated an annual symposium series ultimately entitled "Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals." The Department of Energy, several of the national laboratories, and various industrial firms have supported these symposia that are now held alternately in the mountains of Tennessee and Colorado. There has been wide acceptance of these meetings, with participants from the government, academia, and the commercial sector, and more than 20 different nations have been represented. The peer-reviewed proceedings have been published and are an important source for innovative bioprocessing research. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Scott, C D AD - Bioprocessing Research and Development Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 109 Danbury Drive, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 0765 EP - 0770 VL - 115 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - USA, Tennessee KW - USA, Colorado KW - Conferences KW - Energy KW - Fuels KW - W2 32600:Proceedings KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 210:Bioremediation, Bioreactors & BioCycling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17512886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Origins+of+and+Changes+in+the+Symposium+Series+on+Biotechnology+for+Fuels+and+Chemicals&rft.au=Scott%2C+C+D&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=0765&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - 25th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Tennessee; USA, Colorado; Fuels; Energy; Conferences; Chemicals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Succinic Acid Adsorption from Fermentation Broth and Regeneration AN - 17512568; 6404327 AB - More than 25 sorbents were tested for uptake of succinic acid from aqueous solutions. The best resins were then tested for successive loading and regeneration using hot water. The key desired properties for an ideal sorbent are high capacity, complete stable regenerability, and specificity for the product. The best resins have a stable capacity of about 0.06 g of succinic acid/g of resin at moderate concentrations (1-5 g/L) of succinic acid. Several sorbents were tested more exhaustively for uptake of succinic acid and for successive loading and regeneration using hot water. One resin, XUS 40285, has a good stable isotherm capacity, prefers succinate over glucose, and has good capacities at both acidic and neutral pH. Succinic acid was removed from simulated media containing salts, succinic acid, acetic acid, and sugar using a packed column of sorbent resin, XUS 40285. The fermentation byproduct, acetate, was completely separated from succinate. A simple hot water regeneration successfully concentrated succinate from 10 g/L (inlet) to 40-110 g/L in the effluent. If successful, this would lower separation costs by reducing the need for chemicals for the initial purification step. Despite promising initial results of good capacity (0.06 g of succinic/g of sorbent), 70% recovery using hot water, and a recovered concentration of >100 g/L, this regeneration was not stable over 10 cycles in the column. Alternative regeneration schemes using acid and base were examined. Two (XUS 40285 and XFS-40422) showed both good stable capacities for succinic acid over 10 cycles and >95% recovery in a batch operation using a modified extraction procedure combining acid and hot water washes. These resins showed comparable results with actual broth. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Davison, B H AU - Nghiem, N P AU - Richardson, G L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6226, USA Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 653 EP - 670 VL - 114 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Fermentation KW - Fuels KW - Glucose KW - Isotherms KW - pH effects KW - Sugar KW - Resins KW - Effluents KW - Acetic acid KW - Salts KW - Adsorption KW - Succinic acid KW - W2 32580:Fermentation and process engineering KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 320:Cell Culture & Batch Fermentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17512568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Succinic+Acid+Adsorption+from+Fermentation+Broth+and+Regeneration&rft.au=Davison%2C+B+H%3BNghiem%2C+N+P%3BRichardson%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Davison&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - 25th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Succinic acid; Resins; Fermentation; Acetic acid; Effluents; Isotherms; Glucose; pH effects; Salts; Fuels; Adsorption; Sugar ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GOTree Machine (GOTM): a web-based platform for interpreting sets of interesting genes using Gene Ontology hierarchies AN - 17327187; 6234170 AB - Background: Microarray and other high-throughput technologies are producing large sets of interesting genes that are difficult to analyze directly. Bioinformatics tools are needed to interpret the functional information in the gene sets. Results: We have created a web-based tool for data analysis and data visualization for sets of genes called GOTree Machine (GOTM). This tool was originally intended to analyze sets of co-regulated genes identified from microarray analysis but is adaptable for use with other gene sets from other high-throughput analyses. GOTree Machine generates a GOTree, a tree-like structure to navigate the Gene Ontology Directed Acyclic Graph for input gene sets. This system provides user friendly data navigation and visualization. Statistical analysis helps users to identify the most important Gene Ontology categories for the input gene sets and suggests biological areas that warrant further study. GOTree Machine is available online at http://genereg.ornl.gov/gotm/. Conclusions: GOTree Machine has a broad application in functional genomic, proteomic and other high-throughput methods that generate large sets of interesting genes; its primary purpose is to help users sort for interesting patterns in gene sets. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Zhang, Bing AU - Schmoyer, Denise AU - Kirov, Stefan AU - Snoddy, Jay AD - Graduate School in Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, zhangb@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 5 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17327187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=GOTree+Machine+%28GOTM%29%3A+a+web-based+platform+for+interpreting+sets+of+interesting+genes+using+Gene+Ontology+hierarchies&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Bing%3BSchmoyer%2C+Denise%3BKirov%2C+Stefan%3BSnoddy%2C+Jay&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Bing&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-5-16 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-5-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of Correlated Noise in Airborne Magnetic Gradients for Unexploded Ordnance Detection AN - 16182497; 6119579 AB - In this paper, we examine several field tests of correlated helicopter noise and demonstrate that measured vertical gradients can offer signal-to-noise improvements of 4:1 in rotor noise and 6:1 in maneuver noise over comparable total field measurements for unexploded ordnance (UXO) applications. This translates into an additional 1.5-2.0 m in acceptable survey height or ordnance depth.Horizontal gradients, both transverse and longitudinal to the helicopter flight path, are also examined. These offer smaller signal-to-noise improvements over the total field (approximately 1.5:1) and have other disadvantages not found in the vertical gradient. JF - Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics AU - Gamey, TJeffrey AU - Doll, William E AU - Beard, Les P AU - Bell, David T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Rd., Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37831- 6038 Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 115 EP - 125 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, 10200 W. 44th Avenue Suite 304 Wheat Ridge CO 80033-2480 USA VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1083-1363, 1083-1363 KW - ordnance KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Weapons KW - Monitoring methods KW - Aircraft KW - Noise levels KW - Remote sensing KW - Explosives KW - Geophysics KW - P 7000:NOISE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16182497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Correlated+Noise+in+Airborne+Magnetic+Gradients+for+Unexploded+Ordnance+Detection&rft.au=Gamey%2C+TJeffrey%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BBeard%2C+Les+P%3BBell%2C+David+T&rft.aulast=Gamey&rft.aufirst=TJeffrey&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.issn=10831363&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Weapons; Monitoring methods; Aircraft; Remote sensing; Noise levels; Geophysics; Explosives ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Source of toxicity in storm water: zinc from commonly used paint AN - 16179561; 5935792 AB - A Department of Energy site in Paducah, Kentucky (USA), stores thousands of cylinders of depleted uranium hexafluoride. Breaches of the cylinders could result in the release of uranium and hydrogen fluoride. Beginning in 1996, a program was begun to paint the cylinders in order to prevent corrosion of the cylinders and the surfaces of the storage yards were converted to concrete. In 1998, storm water from the cylinder storage yards was found to be toxic to Ceriodaphnia. at concentrations exceeding limits in the site's discharge permit. A six-month study was conducted to identify the source of the toxicity in the storm water. Ceriodaphnia toxicity tests with the storm water resulted in 48-h median lethal concentrations (LC50) ranging from 12 to 94%; zinc concentrations in the storm water ranged from 0.08 to 0.54 mg/L. Acute toxicity tests with zinc and linear regression identified that zinc concentrations in the storm water were sufficient to account for the toxicity observed. By tracking the sources to the discharge point, newly painted cylinders were identified as the source of the zinc in the storm water. Rainwater collected directly from the painted cylinders contained up to 13 mg Zn/L. Laboratory and field tests showed that topcoating the cylinders would reduce the amount of zinc in the runoff from the cylinders. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Kszos, LA AU - Morris, G W AU - Konetsky, B K AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA, kszosla@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 12 EP - 16 VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - uranium hexafluoride KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - USA, Kentucky, Paducah KW - Heavy metals KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Field Tests KW - Freshwater KW - Storm Water KW - Stormwater runoff KW - Uranium KW - Zinc KW - Ceriodaphnia KW - Testing Procedures KW - Crustaceans (Cladocera) KW - Toxicity KW - Storage KW - USA, Kentucky KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Storm water KW - Toxicity testing KW - Runoff KW - Paints KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16179561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Source+of+toxicity+in+storm+water%3A+zinc+from+commonly+used+paint&rft.au=Kszos%2C+LA%3BMorris%2C+G+W%3BKonetsky%2C+B+K&rft.aulast=Kszos&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Stormwater runoff; Pollution dispersion; Zinc; Toxicity; Paints; Heavy metals; Storm water; Runoff; Toxicity testing; Storage; Testing Procedures; Storm Water; Uranium; Water Pollution Effects; Crustaceans (Cladocera); Field Tests; Ceriodaphnia; USA, Kentucky, Paducah; USA, Kentucky; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying reemission of mercury from terrestrial and aquatic systems using stable isotopes; results from the experimental lakes area METAALICUS study AN - 50561584; 2008-131185 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Lindberg, Steve E AU - Southworth, George AU - Peterson, Mark AU - Hintelmann, Holger AU - Graydon, Jenny AU - St Louis, Vince AU - Amyot, Marc AU - Krabbenhoft, Dave AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12/08/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Dec 08 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, SUPPL. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - Chordata KW - terrestrial environment KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - Mercury Experiment to Assess Atmospheric Loading in Canada and the U. S. KW - biochemistry KW - lakes KW - atmospheric deposition KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - Experimental Lakes Area KW - stable isotopes KW - Pisces KW - provenance KW - METAALICUS KW - metals KW - Vertebrata KW - aquatic environment KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50561584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Quantifying+reemission+of+mercury+from+terrestrial+and+aquatic+systems+using+stable+isotopes%3B+results+from+the+experimental+lakes+area+METAALICUS+study&rft.au=Lindberg%2C+Steve+E%3BSouthworth%2C+George%3BPeterson%2C+Mark%3BHintelmann%2C+Holger%3BGraydon%2C+Jenny%3BSt+Louis%2C+Vince%3BAmyot%2C+Marc%3BKrabbenhoft%2C+Dave%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lindberg&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=2003-12-08&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+SUPPL.&rft.spage=F287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; atmospheric deposition; biochemistry; Chordata; ecosystems; Experimental Lakes Area; experimental studies; isotopes; lakes; mercury; Mercury Experiment to Assess Atmospheric Loading in Canada and the U. S.; METAALICUS; metals; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; provenance; soils; solutes; stable isotopes; terrestrial environment; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Mn ion on the iron biomineralization by an iron-reducing bacterium AN - 855195654; 2011-024528 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Lee, S AU - Roh, Y AU - Lee, I AU - Phelps, T J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B12B EP - 0780 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - biomineralization KW - experimental studies KW - iron oxides KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - manganese KW - ions KW - laboratory studies KW - biogenic processes KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - geochemical methods KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - SEM data KW - pH KW - magnetite KW - biogeochemical methods KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855195654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Mn+ion+on+the+iron+biomineralization+by+an+iron-reducing+bacterium&rft.au=Lee%2C+S%3BRoh%2C+Y%3BLee%2C+I%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; biogeochemical methods; biomineralization; chemical reactions; experimental studies; geochemical methods; ions; iron oxides; laboratory studies; magnetite; manganese; metals; oxides; pH; reduction; SEM data; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exacerbation of atmospheric mercury emissions from substrates by atmospheric oxidants AN - 853221591; 2011-020571 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Engle, Mark A AU - Gustin, Mae Sexauer AU - Lindberg, Steve E AU - Gertler, Alan W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B21D EP - 0750 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - experimental studies KW - gaseous phase KW - oxidation KW - atmosphere KW - reactivation KW - emissivity KW - substrates KW - laboratory studies KW - ozone KW - exacerbation KW - transport KW - metals KW - reactive transport KW - meteorology KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853221591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Exacerbation+of+atmospheric+mercury+emissions+from+substrates+by+atmospheric+oxidants&rft.au=Engle%2C+Mark+A%3BGustin%2C+Mae+Sexauer%3BLindberg%2C+Steve+E%3BGertler%2C+Alan+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Engle&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; emissivity; exacerbation; experimental studies; gaseous phase; laboratory studies; mercury; metals; meteorology; oxidation; ozone; reactivation; reactive transport; substrates; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental investigation of reaction and fluid transport in dolomite rock AN - 849004069; 2011-014113 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - DeAngelis, Michael T AU - Labotka, Theodore C AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Cole, David R AU - Fayek, Mustafa AU - Fayek, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - experimental studies KW - periclase KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - textures KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - dolostone KW - fluid dynamics KW - metamorphism KW - stable isotopes KW - boundary conditions KW - calcite KW - dolomite KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - grains KW - infiltration KW - metamorphic rocks KW - oxides KW - carbonate rocks KW - carbonates KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/849004069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Experimental+investigation+of+reaction+and+fluid+transport+in+dolomite+rock&rft.au=DeAngelis%2C+Michael+T%3BLabotka%2C+Theodore+C%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BFayek%2C+Mustafa%3BFayek%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=DeAngelis&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+suppl.&rft.spage=F1530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; calcite; carbonate rocks; carbonates; dolomite; dolostone; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; grains; infiltration; isotope ratios; isotopes; metamorphic rocks; metamorphism; O-18/O-16; oxides; oxygen; periclase; sedimentary rocks; stable isotopes; textures; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA microarrays detect 4-nonylphenol-induced alterations in gene expression during zebrafish early development. AN - 71470386; 14680326 AB - Technological advances in the biological sciences have led to a growing realization of the inherent complexity of the toxic actions of man-made chemicals and industrial compounds. An organism's response to toxic exposure is often a complex summation of the individual responses of various different cell types, tissues, and organs within an individual. Furthermore, within a population, various factors including gender, age, fitness, exposure history, genetic variation, and developmental stage significantly affect how each individual will react following exposure. Because of this complexity, characterizing the responses of organisms to environmental toxin exposure is an area of research well suited to the utilization of the gene-expression profiling capability of DNA microarrays. Microarrays are capable of screening large numbers of genes for response to environmental exposure, with the resulting genesets comprising de facto biomarkers for such exposures. In many cases, the genesets described contain response transcripts anticipated from known mechanistic pathways, but in other cases, equally indicative biomarkers may be found that are unexpected. We investigated the response of zebrafish embryos exposed in vitro to the environmental contaminant 4-nonylphenol (4NP). Nonylphenol is one of several alkylphenol ethoxylate compounds widely used in agricultural and industrial processes that have become ubiquitous environmental contaminants. By combining data from differing levels of exposure, we have identified a group of genes that appear indicative of embryo exposure to 4NP at concentrations ranging from high near-lethal levels to lower, more environmentally relevant levels. These biomarker sets can be further expanded and adapted for use in environmental monitoring as well as in mechanistic studies of complex toxicological mechanisms during both early and adult developmental stages. JF - Ecotoxicology (London, England) AU - Hoyt, P R AU - Doktycz, M J AU - Beattie, K L AU - Greeley, M S AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 469 EP - 474 VL - 12 IS - 6 SN - 0963-9292, 0963-9292 KW - Phenols KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 4-nonylphenol KW - I03GBV4WEL KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental KW - Gene Expression Profiling -- veterinary KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis -- veterinary KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Zebrafish -- physiology KW - Zebrafish -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71470386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=DNA+microarrays+detect+4-nonylphenol-induced+alterations+in+gene+expression+during+zebrafish+early+development.&rft.au=Hoyt%2C+P+R%3BDoktycz%2C+M+J%3BBeattie%2C+K+L%3BGreeley%2C+M+S&rft.aulast=Hoyt&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09639292&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-16 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phenotype- and gene-driven approaches to discovering the functions of mammalian genes. AN - 71431703; 14652386 AB - All of us are involved in discovery science as we pursue the genes, networks, cellular processes and biophysical principles that govern our chosen biological question. For those of us who choose to proceed using plant or animal models to dissect the elements of our favorite biological system, there are many classical and newer approaches available for our use, including two complementary strategies by which the discovery process is proceeding at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The ORNL has been known for six decades for its investigations of the effects of radiation and chemicals in inducing heritable mutations in mouse germ cells, and for using mouse mutations as tools for the cloning and characterization of mammalian genes. Our history and experience in making mouse models are being applied via these two complementary strategies: 1), a phenotype-driven approach, in which mice carrying random chemically-induced mutations are screened for abnormal phenotypes; and 2) a gene-driven approach in which heritable single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in preselected genes already thought likely to influence a biological system of choice can be recovered in live mice. The SNP-carrying mice can then be phenotyped for alterations in one's target biology. Both approaches have value and are necessary; while we can use mutations in genes that we already know to be of interest in our favorite biology to discover gene function, we also know that biology is full of surprise genes whose effects on our favorite biology would not be predicted and which will be identified only through phenotype screening. JF - The Journal of nutrition AU - Johnson, Dabney K AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6420, USA. johnsondk@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 4269 EP - 4270 VL - 133 IS - 12 SN - 0022-3166, 0022-3166 KW - Ethylnitrosourea KW - P8M1T4190R KW - Index Medicus KW - Phenotype KW - Animals KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide KW - Mice, Mutant Strains -- genetics KW - Mice KW - Mutagenesis KW - Genetic Techniques KW - Mammals -- genetics KW - Genes -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71431703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+nutrition&rft.atitle=Phenotype-+and+gene-driven+approaches+to+discovering+the+functions+of+mammalian+genes.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Dabney+K&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Dabney&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+nutrition&rft.issn=00223166&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-16 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A modular injection system, multilevel sampler, and manifold for tracer tests AN - 51796911; 2004-065371 JF - Ground Water AU - Mailloux, B J AU - Fuller, M E AU - Rose, G F AU - Onstott, T C AU - DeFlaun, M F AU - Alvarez, E AU - Hemingway, C AU - Hallet, R B AU - Phelps, T J AU - Griffin, T Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 816 EP - 827 PB - National Ground Water Association, Westerville, OH VL - 41 IS - 6 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - monitoring KW - injection KW - pollution KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - environmental management KW - sampling KW - conservation KW - movement KW - bacteria KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - testing KW - unconsolidated materials KW - heterogeneity KW - discharge KW - water wells KW - pH KW - instruments KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51796911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=A+modular+injection+system%2C+multilevel+sampler%2C+and+manifold+for+tracer+tests&rft.au=Mailloux%2C+B+J%3BFuller%2C+M+E%3BRose%2C+G+F%3BOnstott%2C+T+C%3BDeFlaun%2C+M+F%3BAlvarez%2C+E%3BHemingway%2C+C%3BHallet%2C+R+B%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BGriffin%2C+T&rft.aulast=Mailloux&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=816&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, 1 plate N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bacteria; conservation; discharge; environmental management; ground water; heterogeneity; injection; instruments; monitoring; movement; pH; pollution; sampling; sediments; temperature; testing; tracers; unconsolidated materials; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Equilibrium grain boundary segregation in mantle rocks; grain boundaries as reservoirs of incompatible elements AN - 51432604; 2007-058019 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hiraga, T AU - Anderson, I M AU - Kohlstedt, D L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - silicates KW - calcium KW - high-resolution methods KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - incompatible elements KW - mantle KW - olivine group KW - elastic constants KW - silicon KW - electron probe data KW - nesosilicates KW - partitioning KW - grain boundaries KW - metals KW - olivine KW - orthosilicates KW - scanning electron microscopy KW - Young's modulus KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51432604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Equilibrium+grain+boundary+segregation+in+mantle+rocks%3B+grain+boundaries+as+reservoirs+of+incompatible+elements&rft.au=Hiraga%2C+T%3BAnderson%2C+I+M%3BKohlstedt%2C+D+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hiraga&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1421&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; calcium; elastic constants; electron probe data; grain boundaries; high-resolution methods; incompatible elements; magnesium; mantle; metals; nesosilicates; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; partitioning; scanning electron microscopy; silicates; silicon; Young's modulus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards first principles spin dynamics calculations of the magnetic structure of materials AN - 51281287; 2008-031885 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Stocks, Malcolm AU - Ujfalussy, Balazs AU - Eisenbach, Markus AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract V21A EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - materials KW - spin dynamics KW - phase transitions KW - magnetic properties KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51281287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Towards+first+principles+spin+dynamics+calculations+of+the+magnetic+structure+of+materials&rft.au=Stocks%2C+Malcolm%3BUjfalussy%2C+Balazs%3BEisenbach%2C+Markus%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stocks&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - magnetic properties; materials; phase transitions; spin dynamics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating hydrogeological zonation using high-resolution geophysical data and Markov chain Monte Carlo methods AN - 50562613; 2008-131283 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Fienen, Michael AU - Mehlhorn, Tonia AU - Watson, David AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - tomography KW - high-resolution methods KW - Bayesian analysis KW - pollutants KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - seismic methods KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - fracture zones KW - metals KW - probability KW - uranium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - heterogeneity KW - actinides KW - zoning KW - permeability KW - Markov chain analysis KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50562613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Estimating+hydrogeological+zonation+using+high-resolution+geophysical+data+and+Markov+chain+Monte+Carlo+methods&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jinsong%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BFienen%2C+Michael%3BMehlhorn%2C+Tonia%3BWatson%2C+David%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jinsong&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F632&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Bayesian analysis; fracture zones; geophysical methods; ground water; heterogeneity; high-resolution methods; hydraulic conductivity; Markov chain analysis; metals; Monte Carlo analysis; permeability; pollutants; probability; remediation; seismic methods; statistical analysis; tomography; uranium; zoning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elution of nitrate at the NABIR Field Research Center, Oak Ridge Reservation, Oak Ridge, TN AN - 50556170; 2008-131250 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Fienen, Michael AU - Criddle, Craig S AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Kitanidis, Peter K AU - Mehlhorn, Tonia L AU - Watson, David B AU - Wu, Weimin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - fresh water KW - preferential flow KW - Oak Ridge Tennessee KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Natural and Acceleration Bioremediation Field Research Center KW - tracers KW - Tennessee KW - electromagnetic methods KW - pressuremeter tests KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - orientation KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - bioremediation KW - aquifers KW - NABIR Field Research Center KW - metals KW - elution KW - uranium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50556170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Elution+of+nitrate+at+the+NABIR+Field+Research+Center%2C+Oak+Ridge+Reservation%2C+Oak+Ridge%2C+TN&rft.au=Fienen%2C+Michael%3BCriddle%2C+Craig+S%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BKitanidis%2C+Peter+K%3BMehlhorn%2C+Tonia+L%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BWu%2C+Weimin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fienen&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F626&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Anderson County Tennessee; aquifers; bioremediation; electromagnetic methods; elution; experimental studies; fractured materials; fresh water; geophysical methods; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; in situ; injection; metals; NABIR Field Research Center; Natural and Acceleration Bioremediation Field Research Center; nitrates; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Tennessee; orientation; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; pressuremeter tests; remediation; Tennessee; tracers; United States; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiscale heterogeneity and solute transport model parameter uncertainty study for a fractured low-level nuclear waste disposal site in the eastern United States AN - 50546065; 2009-002276 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Gwo, Jin-Ping AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - scale factor KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - pollutants KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - Eastern U.S. KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - models KW - fractures KW - hydraulic head KW - transport KW - Tennessee KW - hydrodynamics KW - waste disposal KW - heterogeneity KW - water pollution KW - low-level waste KW - uncertainty KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50546065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Multiscale+heterogeneity+and+solute+transport+model+parameter+uncertainty+study+for+a+fractured+low-level+nuclear+waste+disposal+site+in+the+eastern+United+States&rft.au=Gwo%2C+Jin-Ping%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gwo&rft.aufirst=Jin-Ping&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F594&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eastern U.S.; fractures; ground water; heterogeneity; hydraulic head; hydrodynamics; low-level waste; models; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; optimization; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; scale factor; solute transport; Tennessee; transport; uncertainty; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heavy metals in the bed and suspended sediments of Anyang River, Korea; implications for water quality AN - 50078117; 2008-089587 JF - Environmental Geochemistry and Health AU - Lee, Sanghoon AU - Moon, Ji-Won AU - Moon, Hi-Soo Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 433 EP - 452 PB - Springer, London VL - 25 IS - 4 SN - 0269-4042, 0269-4042 KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - Far East KW - sewage KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - Korea KW - Anyang River KW - sediments KW - trace elements KW - Asia KW - water pollution KW - fluvial environment KW - heavy metals KW - South Korea KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50078117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geochemistry+and+Health&rft.atitle=Heavy+metals+in+the+bed+and+suspended+sediments+of+Anyang+River%2C+Korea%3B+implications+for+water+quality&rft.au=Lee%2C+Sanghoon%3BMoon%2C+Ji-Won%3BMoon%2C+Hi-Soo&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Sanghoon&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geochemistry+and+Health&rft.issn=02694042&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FB%3AEGAH.0000004567.80084.d1 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100162/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anyang River; Asia; concentration; Far East; fluvial environment; heavy metals; human activity; Korea; pollutants; pollution; sediments; sewage; South Korea; stream sediments; suspended materials; trace elements; water pollution; water quality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:EGAH.0000004567.80084.d1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A physiologically based biokinetic model for cesium in the human body AN - 19220622; 5778277 AB - A physiologically descriptive model of the biological behavior of cesium in the human body has been constructed around a detailed blood flow model. The rate of transfer from plasma into a tissue is determined by the blood perfusion rate and the tissue-specific extraction fraction of Cs during passage from arterial to venous plasma. Information on tissue-specific extraction of Cs is supplemented with information on the Cs analogues, K and Rb, and known patterns of discrimination between these metals by tissues. The rate of return from a tissue to plasma is estimated from the relative contents of Cs in plasma and the tissue at equilibrium as estimated from environmental studies. Transfers of Cs other than exchange between plasma and tissues (e.g. secretions into the gastrointestinal tract) are based on a combination of physiological considerations and empirical data on Cs or related elements. Model predictions are consistent with the sizable database on the time-dependent distribution and retention of radiocesium in the human body. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Leggett, R W AU - Williams, L R AU - Melo AU - Lipsztein, J L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, rwl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 235 EP - 255 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 317 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - man KW - pharmacokinetics KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Tissues KW - Mathematical models KW - Cesium KW - Heavy metals KW - Physiology KW - Blood KW - Kinetics KW - Radioisotopes KW - W4 150:Medical Imaging KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19220622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=A+physiologically+based+biokinetic+model+for+cesium+in+the+human+body&rft.au=Leggett%2C+R+W%3BWilliams%2C+L+R%3BMelo%3BLipsztein%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=317&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0048-9697%2803%2900333-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cesium; Physiology; Kinetics; Blood; Tissues; Radioisotopes; Mathematical models; Heavy metals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00333-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of heavy metal ions using protein-functionalized microcantilever sensors AN - 19215597; 5774814 AB - Microcantilevers functionalized with metal-binding protein, AgNt84-6, are demonstrated to be sensors for the detection of heavy metal ions like Hg super(2+) and Zn super(2+). AgNt84-6, a protein that has the ability to bind multiple atoms of Ni super(2+), Zn super(2+), Co super(2+), Cu super(2+), Cd super(2+) and Hg super(2+) was attached to the gold-coated side of silicon nitride cantilevers via linker groups. Upon exposure to 0.1 mM HgCl sub(2) and 0.1 mM ZnCl sub(2) solutions, the microcantilevers underwent bending corresponding to an expanding gold side. Exposure to a 0.1 mM solution of MnCl sub(2) solution did not result in a similar bending indicating a weak or no interaction of Mn super(2+) ions with the AgNt84-6 protein. The microcantilever bending data were consistent with data from electrophoresis carried out on SDS-PAGE gels containing metal ions that showed protein interaction with Zn super(2+) ions but not with Mn super(2+) ions. Thus, we demonstrate that microcantilever bending can be used to discriminate between metal ions that bind and do not bind to AgNt84-6 protein in real time. JF - Biosensors & Bioelectronics AU - Cherian, S AU - Gupta, R K AU - Mullin, B C AU - Thundat, T AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4500S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6123, USA, thundattg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 411 EP - 416 PB - Elsevier Advanced Technology, 660 White Plains Rd. Tarrytown NY 10591-5153 USA VL - 19 IS - 5 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - metal-binding protein KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biosensors KW - silicon nitride KW - Heavy metals KW - W4 230:Biosensors, Bioelectronics & Bioindicators KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19215597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.atitle=Detection+of+heavy+metal+ions+using+protein-functionalized+microcantilever+sensors&rft.au=Cherian%2C+S%3BGupta%2C+R+K%3BMullin%2C+B+C%3BThundat%2C+T&rft.aulast=Cherian&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0956-5663%2803%2900226-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biosensors; silicon nitride; Heavy metals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0956-5663(03)00226-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phenological responses in maple to experimental atmospheric warming and CO sub(2) enrichment AN - 17851346; 5826371 AB - Evidence that global warming has altered the phenology of the biosphere, possibly contributing to increased plant production in the northern hemisphere, has come from a diversity of observations at scales ranging from the view of the back yard to satellite images of the earth. These observations, coupled with an understanding of the effects of temperature on plant phenology, suggest that future changes in the atmosphere and climate could alter plant phenology with unknown or unpredictable consequences. We assessed the effects of simulated climatic warming and atmospheric CO sub(2) enrichment on the spring and autumn phenology of maple trees (Acer rubrum and A. saccharum) growing for four years in open-top field chambers. CO sub(2) enrichment (+300 ppm) had no consistent effects on the timing of budbreak and leaf unfolding in the spring or leaf abscission in the autumn. Warming (+4 degree C) usually had predictable effects: in two of the three years of assessment, budbreak occurred earlier in warm chambers than in ambient temperature chambers, and leaf abscission always occurred later. The lengthening of the growing season could contribute to increased productivity, although effects of temperature on other physiological processes can concurrently have negative effects on productivity. In 1995, budbreak was unexpectedly delayed in the warmer chambers, apparently the result of advanced budbreak leading to injury from a late-spring frost. Likewise, there was increased risk associated with longer leaf retention in the autumn: in 1994, leaves in the warm chambers were killed by freezing temperatures before they had senesced. These observations support the premise that global warming could increase the length of the growing season. Phenological responses should, therefore, be part of any assessment of the possible consequences of global change, but our results also suggest that those responses may not always have positive effects on production. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Norby, R J AU - Hartz-Rubin, J S AU - Verbrugge, MJ AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, St Olaf College, Northfield, MN 55057, USA, Earlham College, Richmond, IA 47374, USA, rjn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 1792 EP - 1801 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 9 IS - 12 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Red maple KW - Sugar maple KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Climatic change influences on phenology KW - Acer saccharum KW - Growing season KW - Tree phenology KW - Biosphere KW - Acer rubrum KW - Phenology KW - Global warming KW - Carbon dioxide effects on trees KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Freezing temperatures KW - Atmospheric conditions KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) KW - M2 551.506:Periodical Observations (551.506) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17851346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Phenological+responses+in+maple+to+experimental+atmospheric+warming+and+CO+sub%282%29+enrichment&rft.au=Norby%2C+R+J%3BHartz-Rubin%2C+J+S%3BVerbrugge%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1792&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2486.2003.00714.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acer rubrum; Acer saccharum; Phenology; Global warming; Atmospheric conditions; Carbon dioxide; Growing season; Freezing temperatures; Biosphere; Climatic change influences on phenology; Tree phenology; Carbon dioxide effects on trees DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2003.00714.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Finite-bandwidth effects on the causal prediction of ultrasonic attenuation of the power-law form. AN - 85366627; pmid-14650013 AB - Kramers-Kronig (K-K) relations exist as a consequence of causality, placing nonlocal constraints on the relationship between dispersion and absorption. The finite-bandwidth method of applying these relations is examined where the K-K integrals are restricted to the spectrum of the experimental data. These finite-bandwidth K-K relations are known to work with resonant-type data and here are applied to dispersion data consistent with a power-law attenuation coefficient (exponent from 1 to 2). Bandwidth-restricted forms of the zero and once-subtracted K-K relations are used to determine the attenuation coefficient from phase velocity. Analytically, it is shown that these transforms produce the proper power-law form of the attenuation coefficient as a stand-alone term summed with artifacts that are dependent on the integration limits. Calculations are performed to demonstrate how these finite-bandwidth artifacts affect the K-K predictions under a variety of conditions. The predictions are studied in a local context as a function of subtraction frequency, bandwidth, and power-law exponent. The K-K predictions of the power-law exponent within various decades of the spectrum are also examined. In general, the agreement between finite-bandwidth K-K predictions and exact values grows as the power-law exponent approaches 1 and with increasing bandwidth. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Mobley, Joel AU - Waters, Kendall R AU - Miller, James G AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6101, USA. Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - Nov 2003 SP - 2782 EP - 2790 VL - 114 IS - 5 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - *Models, Theoretical KW - *Ultrasonics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85366627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Finite-bandwidth+effects+on+the+causal+prediction+of+ultrasonic+attenuation+of+the+power-law+form.&rft.au=Mobley%2C+Joel%3BWaters%2C+Kendall+R%3BMiller%2C+James+G&rft.aulast=Mobley&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2782&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineralogical characteristics and transformations during long-term operation of a zerovalent iron reactive barrier. AN - 71470943; 14674525 AB - Design and operation of Fe0 permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) can be improved by understanding the long-term mineralogical transformations that occur within PRBs. Changes in mineral precipitates, cementation, and corrosion of Fe0 filings within an in situ pilot-scale PRB were examined after the first 30 months of operation and compared with results of a previous study of the PRB conducted 15 months earlier using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy employing energy dispersive X-ray and backscatter electron analyses. Iron (oxy)hydroxides, aragonite, and maghemite and/or magnetite occurred throughout the cores collected 30 mo after installation. Goethite, lepidocrocite, mackinawite, aragonite, calcite, and siderite were associated with oxidized and cemented areas, while green rusts were detected in more reduced zones. Basic differences from our last detailed investigation include (i) mackinawite crystallized from amorphous FeS, (ii) aragonite transformed into calcite, (iii) akaganeite transformed to goethite and lepidocrocite, (iv) iron (oxy)hydroxides and calcium and iron carbonate minerals increased, (v) cementation was greater in the more recent study, and (vi) oxidation, corrosion, and disintegration of Fe0 filings were greater, especially in cemented areas, in the more recent study. If the degree of corrosion and cementation that was observed from 15 to 30 mo after installation continues, certain portions of the PRB (i.e., up-gradient entrance of the ground water to the Fe0 section of the PRB) may last less than five more years, thus reducing the effectiveness of the PRB to mitigate contaminants. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Phillips, D H AU - Watson, D B AU - Roh, Y AU - Gu, B AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. dhphillips2003@yahoo.com PY - 2003 SP - 2033 EP - 2045 VL - 32 IS - 6 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - 0 KW - Iron Compounds KW - Minerals KW - Oxides KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Calcium Carbonate KW - H0G9379FGK KW - Ferrosoferric Oxide KW - XM0M87F357 KW - Index Medicus KW - Permeability KW - Iron Compounds -- chemistry KW - Calcium Carbonate -- chemistry KW - X-Ray Diffraction KW - Humans KW - Oxides -- chemistry KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Conservation of Natural Resources KW - Minerals -- chemistry KW - Iron -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71470943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=Mineralogical+characteristics+and+transformations+during+long-term+operation+of+a+zerovalent+iron+reactive+barrier.&rft.au=Phillips%2C+D+H%3BWatson%2C+D+B%3BRoh%2C+Y%3BGu%2C+B&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2033&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-29 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors influencing the analytical performance of an atmospheric sampling glow discharge ionization source as revealed via ionization dynamics modeling. AN - 71332451; 14597122 AB - A kinetic model is developed for the dynamic events occurring within an atmospheric sampling glow discharge that affect its performance as an ion source for analytical mass spectrometry. The differential equations incorporate secondary electron generation and thermalization, reagent and analyte ion formation via electron capture and ion-molecule reactions, ion loss via recombination processes, diffusion, and ion-molecule reactions with matrix components, and the sampling and pumping parameters of the source. Because the ion source has a flow-through configuration, the number densities of selected species can be estimated by applying the steady-state assumption. However, understanding of its operation is aided by knowledge of the dynamic behavior, so numerical methods are applied to examine the time dependence of those species as well. As in other plasma ionization sources, the ionization efficiency is essentially determined by the ratio of the relevant ion formation and recombination rates. Although thermal electron and positive reagent ion number densities are comparable, the electron capture/ion-molecule reaction rate coefficient ratio is normally quite large and the ion-electron recombination rate coefficient is about an order of magnitude greater than that for ion-ion recombination. Consequently, the efficiency for negative analyte ion formation via electron capture is generally superior to that for positive analyte ion generation via ion-molecule reaction. However, the efficiency for positive analyte ion formation should be equal to or better than that for negative analyte ions when both ionization processes occur via ion-molecule reaction processes (with comparable rate coefficients), since the negative reagent ion density is considerably less than that for positive reagent ions. Furthermore, the particularly high number densities of thermal electrons and reagent ions leads to a large dynamic range of linear response for the source. Simulation results also suggest that analyte ion number densities might be enhanced by modification of the standard physical and operating parameters of the source. JF - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry AU - Goeringer, Douglas E AD - Organic and Biological Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6131, USA. goeringerde@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 1315 EP - 1326 VL - 14 IS - 11 SN - 1044-0305, 1044-0305 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Kinetics KW - Algorithms KW - Models, Chemical KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Air Ionization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71332451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Factors+influencing+the+analytical+performance+of+an+atmospheric+sampling+glow+discharge+ionization+source+as+revealed+via+ionization+dynamics+modeling.&rft.au=Goeringer%2C+Douglas+E&rft.aulast=Goeringer&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=10440305&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-17 N1 - Date created - 2003-11-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace element and isotope microanalyses support a deep ore fluid source at the Getchell carlin-type gold deposit, northern Nevada AN - 51841732; 2004-040917 AB - A consensus on the genesis of Carlin-type Au deposits remains elusive owing, in part, to the presence of superimposed hydrothermal events at most deposits and the fine-grained nature of ore minerals that provide for challenging paragenetic studies. Important conclusions from previous Carlin studies include: submicron Au occurs in trace-element rich pyrite, a wide, mostly positive, range of S isotopes is consistent with thermochemical reduction of sulfate S from sedimentary rocks, O and H isotopes indicate a deep ore fluid source at Getchell, but identified a meteoric fluid in the northern Carlin trend, and inclusion ore fluids from Getchell contain dilute magmatic/mantle He. Recent microanalyses of ore pyrite at Getchell include quantitative electron microprobe (EMPA), LA-ICP-MS, and ion probe S isotope (SIMS) analyses, and back scatter electron imaging (BEI). BEI has revealed <0.5 micrometer ore pyrite rims, not visible under a microscope, on anhedral pre-ore pyrite; textures suggest dissolution of pre-ore pyrite prior to ore pyrite deposition. EMPA and LA-ICP-MS analyses quantified metals, provided profiles documenting elemental changes across grains, and identified Au-bearing trace element suites. Quantitative profiles across zoned grains place some elemental suites in a paragenetic context. Collectively, analyses show that Au is consistently associated with As, Hg, and Cu, and variably associated with Sb, Tl, Te, Al, and Pb; Zn, Se, and Ag are near or below detection limits. Al occurs locally in outer rims and may be added to ore fluid in response to fluid-rock reaction near the site of Au deposition. Highest Au concentrations ( approximately 4000 ppm) occur in innermost rims and are accompanied by As, Hg, Cu, Te+ or -Tl+ or -Sb. S isotopes in pre-ore pyrite are variable, whereas analyses of ore-stage pyrite cluster around 0 per mil (+ or -3 per mil). Calculations for ore pyrite and late ore orpiment and realgar indicate an increase in the S isotopic ratio of ore fluid H2S over time. These results permit a magmatic source for S. Microanalyses continue to support a deep ore fluid source at Getchell. Intriguingly, a fluid could acquire the high-Au metal suite through metal partitioning to, or generation of, a low-density aqueous vapor. Results are consistent with generation of an ore fluid during deep crustal magmatic and/or orogenic processes. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Cline, Jean S AU - Shields, David AU - Riciputi, Lee AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Copp, Tracy L AU - Muntean, John AU - Hofstra, Albert H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 358 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - inductively coupled plasma methods KW - laser methods KW - isotopes KW - northern Nevada KW - ore-forming fluids KW - Humboldt County Nevada KW - electron probe KW - quantitative analysis KW - gold ores KW - Nevada KW - mines KW - chemical analysis KW - carlin-type deposits KW - laser ablation KW - mass spectroscopy KW - trace-element analyses KW - Getchell Mine KW - paragenesis KW - ion probe KW - metal ores KW - sulfur KW - pyrite KW - sulfides KW - spectroscopy KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51841732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Trace+element+and+isotope+microanalyses+support+a+deep+ore+fluid+source+at+the+Getchell+carlin-type+gold+deposit%2C+northern+Nevada&rft.au=Cline%2C+Jean+S%3BShields%2C+David%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee%3BFayek%2C+Mostafa%3BCopp%2C+Tracy+L%3BMuntean%2C+John%3BHofstra%2C+Albert+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cline&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=358&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carlin-type deposits; chemical analysis; electron probe; Getchell Mine; gold ores; Humboldt County Nevada; inductively coupled plasma methods; ion probe; isotopes; laser ablation; laser methods; mass spectroscopy; metal ores; mineral deposits, genesis; mines; Nevada; northern Nevada; ore-forming fluids; paragenesis; pyrite; quantitative analysis; spectroscopy; sulfides; sulfur; trace-element analyses; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing transient storage influences on nutrient spiraling; an updated approach AN - 51827100; 2004-041031 AB - Studies relating transient storage and nutrient uptake (i.e., spiraling) in streams have been equivocal. In some cases, strong relationships have been found between measures of nutrient spiraling (e.g., uptake length, uptake velocity, uptake rate) and various metrics describing the nature of transient storage. For headwater streams, the magnitude of transient storage is often used to represent the extent of exchange between the channel water and hyporheic zone. At the same time, spiraling metrics are sensitive to the enrichment effect associated with solute injection experiments. Recently, our research group has been involved in multiple projects applying heavy nitrogen isotopes to headwater streams to generate accurate measures of nitrate spiraling. In this presentation, we interpret the results of over 20 solute injection experiments involving heavy nitrate and transient storage modeling to assess spatial and temporal variation in the hydrology and biogeochemistry of headwater streams. Data were gathered from six sites chosen to provide contrasting hyporheic interaction across a gradient of terrestrial-aquatic interaction. Normalized transient storage ranged from 0.11-1.92 while the exchange coefficient varied over two orders of magnitude (0.004-0.40 min (super -1) ). A number of metrics that emphasize different aspects of storage are used to address its influence on nutrient uptake. Results are also analyzed in light of recent modeling efforts suggesting that it is critical to address the range of values for the transient storage exchange coefficient when addressing how the size of the transient storage zone may influence nitrogen spiraling. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Valett, H Maurice AU - Thomas, Steven A AU - Mulholland, Patrick J AU - Webster, Jackson R AU - Dahm, Clifford N AU - Peterson, Christopher G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 377 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - hydrology KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - hyporheic zone KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - nutrients KW - hydrologic cycle KW - transient phenomena KW - streamflow KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51827100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Assessing+transient+storage+influences+on+nutrient+spiraling%3B+an+updated+approach&rft.au=Valett%2C+H+Maurice%3BThomas%2C+Steven+A%3BMulholland%2C+Patrick+J%3BWebster%2C+Jackson+R%3BDahm%2C+Clifford+N%3BPeterson%2C+Christopher+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Valett&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geochemistry; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrochemistry; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; hyporheic zone; nutrients; rivers and streams; streamflow; surface water; transient phenomena ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled geochemical and hydrologic processes governing Cr(VI) transport in Hanford Formation sediments AN - 51811714; 2004-065431 AB - Accelerated migration of Cr(VI) in the vadose zone has been observed beneath the tank farms at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Reservation. This paper focuses on quantifying the coupled hydrologic and geochemical processes controlling the transport of Cr(VI) in the unsaturated sediments beneath the Hanford tank farms. Our approach involves the use of bench-scale sorption and transport experiments as well as field-relevant, long-term unsaturated transport experiments in undisturbed sediments from the Hanford Formation. Kinetic batch sorption experiments and repacked saturated columns were used to quantify geochemical processes controlling the rates and mechanisms of Cr(VI) interactions with a variety of Hanford sediments. Results indicate that Cr(VI) is reactive in the Hanford media, as evidenced by retardation and mass loss of Cr(VI) during transport. It is hypothesized that magnetite and biotite are probable sources of Fe(II) that promote the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and hence the precipitation of Cr(III)/iron oxide. Unsaturated flow experiments were conducted in the undisturbed cores using multiple non-reactive tracers and Cr(VI) to investigate coupled geochemical and hydrologic processes. Results suggest that physical non-equilibrium processes such as preferential finger-flow coupled with immobile water as well as sediment mineralogy may control Cr(VI) transport in the Hanford Formation. This study shows that investigative approaches using a combination of batch and transport experiments will contribute to the conceptual and quantitative understanding of contaminant mobility in the Hanford vadose zone. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Pace, M N AU - Mayes, M A AU - Jardine, P M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 532 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - toxic materials KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - transport KW - metals KW - sediments KW - Pleistocene KW - waste disposal KW - geochemistry KW - chromium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Coupled+geochemical+and+hydrologic+processes+governing+Cr%28VI%29+transport+in+Hanford+Formation+sediments&rft.au=Pace%2C+M+N%3BMayes%2C+M+A%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pace&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=532&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; chromium; geochemistry; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; metals; Pleistocene; pollutants; pollution; Quaternary; radioactive waste; sediments; toxic materials; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of fission products and Pu migration in the Okelobondo reactor zone using SIMS AN - 51782043; 2004-083314 AB - Approximately 2 Ga ago, natural nuclear fission reactors operated in the Oklo-Okelobondo uranium deposit in Gabon, Africa, resulting in the production of fission products, actinides and a decrease in the (super 235) U/ (super 238) U ratio to values as low as 0.0029. The Oklo reactors have been studied extensively as a natural analogue to the mobility of radionuclides in a nuclear waste repository. Based on isotopic ratios of selected fission products, the reactor neutronics (e.g., neutron fluence, spectrum index, restitution factor and proportion of fission events due to (super 235) U and (super 239) Pu fission) can be calculated. Previously, chemical separation and TIMS analyses of bulk samples have been used to characterize the fissiogenic nuclides in uraninite (UO (sub 2+x) ) to determine the average neutronic parameters of each reactor zone. In this study, high spatial resolution secondary ionization mass spectrometry (SIMS) measurements of fissiogenic isotopic ratios (super 125) Te/ (super 130) Te, (super 128) Te/ (super 130) Te, (super 145) Nd/ (super 146) Nd and (super 235) U/ (super 238) U were measured in uraninite from the Okelobondo reactor zone. This reactor zone and periphery ( approximately 3 m by 1.5 m) were systematically sampled to reconstruct a two-dimensional distribution of isotopic variations, from which spatial variations in reactor neutronics were determined. Within a single sample (mu m to mm scale), the (super 235) U/ (super 238) U varies by as much as 2.5 %. At the reactor zone scale (meters), the (super 235) U/ (super 238) U ratio varies by 17% (0.00643-0.00776). Depletion relative to the present day (super 235) U/ (super 238) U ratio (0.00725) is due to fission of (super 235) U, which is a function of neutron flux that depends on the reactor zone geometry and composition. Enrichment of (super 235) U relative to the present day value occurs in 5 of 18 samples and results from the formation and decay of (super 239) Pu to (super 235) U (via neutron capture and b-decay reactions; followed by a-decay; t (sub 1/2) = 24,100 yr), as opposed to the consumption of (super 239) Pu that would further deplete (super 235) U. Enrichment suggests that water, a moderator in the natural reactors that was heated to temperatures as high as 380 degrees C, caused the mobilization of Pu during criticality. Consistent with this hypothesis, the samples most enriched in (super 235) U are in uraninite within the organic-rich clays adjacent to the reactor core. The additional neutronic parameters calculated from the other isotopic pairs and their spatial variation will also be presented. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Palenik, Christopher S AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Jensen, Keld A AU - Ewing, Rodney C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 237 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - ion probe data KW - geologic hazards KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - plutonium KW - mass spectra KW - human ecology KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Oklo KW - mineral composition KW - movement KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - fission KW - depletion KW - soils KW - mines KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - Gabon KW - Central Africa KW - metals KW - Okelobondo Site KW - Africa KW - uraninite KW - actinides KW - Pu-240 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51782043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+fission+products+and+Pu+migration+in+the+Okelobondo+reactor+zone+using+SIMS&rft.au=Palenik%2C+Christopher+S%3BFayek%2C+Mostafa%3BJensen%2C+Keld+A%3BEwing%2C+Rodney+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Palenik&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Africa; Central Africa; chemical composition; depletion; fission; Gabon; geochemistry; geologic hazards; human ecology; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; metals; mineral composition; mines; movement; Okelobondo Site; Oklo; oxides; plutonium; pollution; Pu-240; radioactive isotopes; radioactivity; soils; spectra; uraninite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiproperty fit of equations of state by generalized nonlinear least squares; application to the CO2-H2O system AN - 51780454; 2004-083346 AB - The description of geochemical fluid-phase equilibria frequently requires equations of state (EOS) capable of simultaneously representing the pressure-density isotherms of the single-phase fluids and the pressure-composition-density relationships in the liquid-vapor coexistence region. The literature contains many examples of EOS that are forced to reproduce one of these fluid properties, but are found to predict erroneous values of the others. Such difficulties are usually attributed to limitations inherent in the analytical form of the equations, rather than the statistical methods by which the EOS parameters are estimated. We show that application of Generalized Nonlinear Least Squares (GNLS)--in which the conventional distinction between dependent and independent variables is abandoned--can greatly enhance the ability of EOS to provide self-consistent representations of various fluid properties. GNLS differs from conventional Weighted Nonlinear Least Squares (WNLS) in its use of simultaneous iteration for the model-dependent parameters and estimates of the error-free values of the measurements; the postulated functional relationship enters as a constraint to be satisfied by these estimated variables. Existing GNLS algorithms, designed for fit of a single equation, require modification to deal with the large composite data sets on which equations of state are often based. A new procedure incorporating these modifications is described and applied to the fit of a cubic EOS to pvT and saturation data for CO2, H2O, and CO2-H2O mixtures. It is concluded that accurate representations of vapor pressures and pressure-density isotherms for pure fluids are not mutually exclusive, as is commonly supposed. Research sponsored by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Marshall, Simon L AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 592 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - density KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - fluid phase KW - hydrochemistry KW - least-squares analysis KW - carbon dioxide KW - phase equilibria KW - digital simulation KW - equations of state KW - algorithms KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51780454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Multiproperty+fit+of+equations+of+state+by+generalized+nonlinear+least+squares%3B+application+to+the+CO2-H2O+system&rft.au=Marshall%2C+Simon+L%3BBlencoe%2C+James+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=592&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; carbon dioxide; data processing; density; digital simulation; equations of state; fluid phase; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; least-squares analysis; numerical models; phase equilibria; pressure; statistical analysis; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Origin of coexisting plagioclases (andesine-anorthite) in the Boehls Butte Anorthosite, northern Idaho AN - 51759740; 2005-010963 AB - The origin of the unusual bimodal mineralogy (andesine An (sub 34-48) and anorthite An (sub 92-98) ) of the Boehls Butte anorthosite (BBA) has been debated for many years. Hypotheses proposed for its origin include (1) metasomatic alteration of sedimentary or igneous rocks; (2) subsolidus exsolution, shear differentiation or metamorphic coarsening of intermediate plagioclase, and; (3) magmatic crystallization, inclusion of metasedimentary restite and hydrothermal alteration; each of these hypotheses is problematic. We have previously reported O-isotope evidence of a complex history of retrograde interaction of the BBA with meteoric-hydrothermal fluids. In situ, SIMS O-isotope analyses indicate inter- and intra-plag delta (super 18) O variability of 3-6 per mil, with localized plag values as low as -16 per mil V-SMOW, and preservation of very steep, fine-scale gradients in delta (super 18) O (up to 20 per mil over 600 mu m; Mora et al. 1999). Correspondence between the modal % of anorthite and low w.r. delta (super 18) O suggest a hydrothermal mechanism for producing the unusual plag assemblage. CL petrography further supports interpretation of anorthite grains as the foci of retrograde fluid flow. Experimental studies by Orville (1972) and others have noted the rapid anorthitization of more-sodic plag at high T in the presence of a Ca-bearing brine, where altered plag may retain its shape, twin boundaries, etc. A similar reaction is invoked to explain the unusual textural and isotopic characteristics of the BBA. Removal of quartz in the hydrothermal fluid creates a large ( approximately 26%) void volume and significant reaction-enhanced permeability in the BBA. This provides a mechanism, in addition to brittle failure, to accommodate rapid influx and variable and widespread transport of meteoric- hydrothermal fluids through the BBA during late stage decompression, extension, and rapid unroofing of the BBA complex. The fractional conversion of andesine to anorthite and (super 18) O shifts in plag can be used to constrain fluid-rock ratios and, with other constraints, to estimate the fluid fluxes responsible for isotopic resetting. The calculated values are much larger than typical for regional metamorphic systems, but not unreasonable for those estimated for hydrothermal circulation associated with intrusive systems. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Mora, C I AU - Riciputi, L R AU - Cole, D R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 631 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - upper Precambrian KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - Boehls Butte Anorthosite KW - stable isotopes KW - anorthite KW - plutonic rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - framework silicates KW - geochemistry KW - coexisting minerals KW - Idaho KW - plagioclase KW - Precambrian KW - textures KW - isotope ratios KW - Proterozoic KW - O-18/O-16 KW - northern Idaho KW - anorthosite KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - andesine KW - feldspar group KW - permeability KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51759740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Origin+of+coexisting+plagioclases+%28andesine-anorthite%29+in+the+Boehls+Butte+Anorthosite%2C+northern+Idaho&rft.au=Mora%2C+C+I%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mora&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=631&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - andesine; anorthite; anorthosite; Boehls Butte Anorthosite; coexisting minerals; feldspar group; framework silicates; geochemistry; hydrothermal conditions; Idaho; igneous rocks; isotope ratios; isotopes; northern Idaho; O-18/O-16; oxygen; permeability; plagioclase; plutonic rocks; Precambrian; Proterozoic; silicates; stable isotopes; textures; United States; upper Precambrian; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nano- and micro-scale alteration of uraninite at the Oklo-Okelobondo natural fission reactors, Gabon AN - 51715687; 2005-040700 AB - High spatial resolution (10-30 mu m) in situ U-Pb and oxygen isotopic analyses by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) coupled with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to characterize two alteration events associated with the Oklo-Okelobondo natural fission reactors. Reactor zones that occur in near surface environments have low delta (super 18) O values and nanotextures that are consistent with interaction with ground water. These low delta (super 18) O values (-14.4% to -8.5%) suggest that the minerals exchanged with groundwater that was of meteoric origin. U-Pb ages of uraninite from these reactor zones suggest that fluid-mineral interaction occurred with present-day meteoric fluids. Some reactor zones are extensively altered to Si-rich uraninite and coffinite. Uraninites from these reactor zones give U-Pb ages that are consistent with emplacement of a local dike swarm at 860 Ma. In contrast, reactor zones that occur at depth have largely retained both their U-Pb ages and original oxygen isotopic composition (-10.2% to -5.6%), and uraninites are well crystallized and essentially defect-free. These observations clearly demonstrate that by combining both HRTEM and in situ isotopic analyses by SIMS, it is possible to characterize and determine the timing of post depositional alteration of micro-scale uranium-bearing phases. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Utsunomiya, Satoshi AU - Ewing, Rodney C AU - Riciputi, Lee AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 518 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - silicates KW - alteration KW - upper Precambrian KW - U/Pb KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Oklo KW - orthosilicates KW - absolute age KW - stratigraphic units KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - coffinite KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - fission KW - Okelobondo Deposit KW - Neoproterozoic KW - zircon group KW - meteoric water KW - Precambrian KW - isotope ratios KW - Proterozoic KW - Gabon KW - electron microscopy data KW - Central Africa KW - O-18/O-16 KW - nesosilicates KW - uranium ores KW - metal ores KW - Africa KW - uraninite KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51715687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Nano-+and+micro-scale+alteration+of+uraninite+at+the+Oklo-Okelobondo+natural+fission+reactors%2C+Gabon&rft.au=Fayek%2C+Mostafa%3BUtsunomiya%2C+Satoshi%3BEwing%2C+Rodney+C%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fayek&rft.aufirst=Mostafa&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=518&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Africa; alteration; Central Africa; chemical composition; coffinite; electron microscopy data; fission; Gabon; geochemistry; ground water; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; metal ores; meteoric water; Neoproterozoic; nesosilicates; O-18/O-16; Okelobondo Deposit; Oklo; orthosilicates; oxides; oxygen; Precambrian; Proterozoic; sedimentary rocks; silicates; spectra; stable isotopes; stratigraphic units; U/Pb; upper Precambrian; uraninite; uranium ores; zircon group ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Small-angle X-ray scattering measurement of the internal microstructure of natural zircon crystals AN - 51443002; 2007-043352 JF - Physics and Chemistry of Minerals AU - Radlinski, A P AU - Claoue-Long, J AU - Hinde, A L AU - Radlinska, E Z AU - Lin, J S Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 631 EP - 640 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin - New York VL - 30 IS - 10 SN - 0342-1791, 0342-1791 KW - silicates KW - methods KW - U/Pb KW - microstructure KW - lead KW - crystal structure KW - Sri Lanka KW - small-angle methods KW - small-angle X-ray scattering KW - orthosilicates KW - metamict minerals KW - absolute age KW - applications KW - spectra KW - Asia KW - zircon group KW - diffusion KW - radiation damage KW - zircon KW - SAXS KW - TEM data KW - nesosilicates KW - X-ray data KW - Raman spectra KW - metals KW - uranium KW - wave dispersion KW - actinides KW - megacrysts KW - 03:Geochronology KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51443002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.atitle=Small-angle+X-ray+scattering+measurement+of+the+internal+microstructure+of+natural+zircon+crystals&rft.au=Radlinski%2C+A+P%3BClaoue-Long%2C+J%3BHinde%2C+A+L%3BRadlinska%2C+E+Z%3BLin%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Radlinski&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=631&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=03421791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00269-003-0352-0 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100449/?p=e597e977f1914094b3810f7e67f0a453&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - PCMIDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; actinides; applications; Asia; crystal structure; diffusion; lead; megacrysts; metals; metamict minerals; methods; microstructure; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; radiation damage; Raman spectra; SAXS; silicates; small-angle methods; small-angle X-ray scattering; spectra; Sri Lanka; TEM data; U/Pb; uranium; wave dispersion; X-ray data; zircon; zircon group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-003-0352-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preferential flow path development and its influence on long-term PRB performance: column study AN - 19951196; 5743847 AB - The operating life of an Fe super(0)-based permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is limited due to chemical reactions of Fe super(0) in groundwater. The relative contributions from mineral precipitation, gas production, and microbial activity to the degradation of PRB performance have been uncertain. In this controlled field study, nitrate-rich, site groundwater was treated by Fe super(0) in large- volume, flow-through columns to monitor the changes in chemical and hydraulic parameters over time. Tracer tests showed a close relationship between hydraulic residence time and pH measurements. The ionic profiles suggest that mineral precipitation and accumulation is the primary mechanism for pore clogging around the inlet of the column. Accumulated N sub(2) gas generated by biotic processes also affected the hydraulics although the effects were secondary to that of mineral precipitation. Quantitative estimates indicate a porosity reduction of up to 45.3% near the column inlet over 72 days of operation under accelerated flow conditions. According to this study, preferential flow through a PRB at a site with similar groundwater chemistry should be detected over similar to 1 year of operation. During the early operation of a PRB, pH is a key indicator for monitoring the change in hydraulic residence time resulting from heterogeneity development. If the surrounding native material is more conductive than the clogged Fe-media, groundwater bypass may render the PRB ineffective for treating contaminated groundwater. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Kamolpornwijit, W AU - Liang, L AU - West, O R AU - Moline, G R AU - Sullivan, AB AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6036, USA, liang@cf.ac.uk Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - Nov 2003 SP - 161 EP - 178 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 66 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Permeable reactive barrier KW - Zero-valent iron KW - Mineral precipitation KW - Heterogeneity development KW - Long-term performance KW - Preferential flow KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Hydraulics KW - Iron in groundwater KW - Groundwater Barriers KW - Degradation KW - Chemistry of groundwater KW - Pollution prevention KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Tracers KW - Soil porosity KW - Chemical Reactions KW - Hydrology KW - Tracer techniques KW - pH KW - Hydraulic Properties KW - Experimental Data KW - Porosity KW - Hydraulic properties KW - Microbial activity KW - porosity KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Chemical reactions KW - Remediation KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Preferential Flow KW - Groundwater KW - Iron KW - Minerals KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - M2 556.38:Groundwater Basins (556.38) KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19951196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Preferential+flow+path+development+and+its+influence+on+long-term+PRB+performance%3A+column+study&rft.au=Kamolpornwijit%2C+W%3BLiang%2C+L%3BWest%2C+O+R%3BMoline%2C+G+R%3BSullivan%2C+AB&rft.aulast=Kamolpornwijit&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2803%2900031-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil porosity; Iron in groundwater; Chemistry of groundwater; Hydraulic properties; Groundwater pollution; Tracer techniques; Hydraulics; Pollution monitoring; Degradation; Pollution prevention; Microbial activity; porosity; Tracers; Chemical reactions; Hydrology; Groundwater; Minerals; pH; Porosity; Remediation; Groundwater Pollution; Iron; Experimental Data; Performance Evaluation; Groundwater Barriers; Chemical Reactions; Preferential Flow; Hydraulic Properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00031-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An analytical method for predicting surface soil moisture from rainfall observations AN - 19218572; 5771545 AB - A simple analytical method for estimating surface soil moisture directly from rainfall data is proposed and studied. Soil moisture dynamics are represented by a linear stochastic partial differential equation [Entekhabi and Rodriguez-Iturbe, 1994]. A diagnostic equation is derived from the soil moisture dynamics equation by eliminating the diffusion term. The derived daily soil moisture function is a time-weighted average of previous cumulative rainfall over a given period (e.g. >14 days). The advantage of this method is that information on the initial condition of soil moisture, which is often not available at all times and locations, is not needed. The loss coefficient in the diagnostic equation for soil moisture can be estimated from land surface characteristics and soil properties. The method for determining the averaging window size, the loss coefficient, and the infiltration coefficient are described and demonstrated. The soil moisture data observed during three field experiments, i.e. Monsoon'90, Washita'92, and SGP'97, are compared to the calculated soil moisture. The results indicate that the proposed method is robust and has the potential for useful soil moisture predictions. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Pan, F AU - Peters-Lidard, C D AU - Sale, MJ AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 39 IS - 11 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Citation No. 1314 KW - soil moisture KW - precipitation KW - Antecedent Precipitation Index (API) KW - loss coefficient KW - 1655 Global Change: Water cycles (1836) KW - 1704 History of Geophysics: Atmospheric sciences KW - 1719 History of Geophysics: Hydrology KW - 1866 Hydrology: Soil moisture KW - 1854 Hydrology: Precipitation (3354) KW - 1818 Hydrology: Evapotranspiration KW - Estimating Equations KW - Mathematical models KW - Rainfall KW - Soil/water systems KW - Soil Water KW - Precipitation KW - Rainfall data analysis KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Infiltration KW - Soil moisture models KW - Water Loss KW - Analytical models KW - Data Interpretation KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - M2 551.579.1:Water supply from precipitation (551.579.1) KW - M2 551.579.5:Soil moisture, percolation (551.579.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19218572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=An+analytical+method+for+predicting+surface+soil+moisture+from+rainfall+observations&rft.au=Pan%2C+F%3BPeters-Lidard%2C+C+D%3BSale%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003WR002142 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Publication date refers to online version. N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Infiltration; Soil moisture models; Analytical models; Rainfall data analysis; Soil/water systems; Precipitation; Water Loss; Performance Evaluation; Mathematical Studies; Estimating Equations; Rainfall; Soil Water; Data Interpretation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002142 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Widespread foliage delta super(15) N depletion under elevated CO sub(2) : inferences for the nitrogen cycle AN - 17841744; 5773214 AB - Leaf super(15)N signature is a powerful tool that can provide an integrated assessment of the nitrogen (N) cycle and whether it is influenced by rising atmospheric CO sub(2) concentration. We tested the hypothesis that elevated CO sub(2) significantly changes foliage delta super(15)N in a wide range of plant species and ecosystem types. This objective was achieved by determining the delta super(15)N of foliage of 27 field-grown plant species from six free-air CO sub(2) enrichment (FACE) experiments representing desert, temperate forest, Mediterranean-type, grassland prairie, and agricultural ecosystems. We found that within species, the delta super(15)N of foliage produced under elevated CO sub(2) was significantly lower (P<0.038) compared with that of foliage grown under ambient conditions. Further analysis of foliage delta super(15)N by life form and growth habit revealed that the CO sub(2) effect was consistent across all functional groups tested. The examination of two chaparral shrubs grown for 6 years under a wide range of CO sub(2) concentrations (25-75 Pa) also showed a significant and negative correlation between growth CO sub(2) and leaf delta super(15)N. In a select number of species, we measured bulk soil delta super(15)N at a depth of 10 cm, and found that the observed depletion of foliage delta super(15)N in response to elevated CO sub(2) was unrelated to changes in the soil delta super(15)N. While the data suggest a strong influence of elevated CO sub(2) on the N cycle in diverse ecosystems, the exact site(s) at which elevated CO sub(2) alters fractionating processes of the N cycle remains unclear. We cannot rule out the fact that the pattern of foliage delta super(15)N responses to elevated CO sub(2) reported here resulted from a general drop in delta super(15)N of the source N, caused by soil-driven processes. There is a stronger possibility, however, that the general depletion of foliage delta super(15)N under high CO sub(2) may have resulted from changes in the fractionating processes within the plant/mycorrhizal system. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Bassirirad, H AU - Constable, J V AU - Lussenhop, J AU - Kimball, BA AU - Norby, R J AU - Oechel, W C AU - Reich, P B AU - Schlesinger, W H AU - Zitzer, S AU - Sehtiya, H L AU - Silim, S AD - Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA, Department of Biology, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA, Water Conservation Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA Phoenix, AZ 85040, USA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA, parallel Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA, Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA, hormoz@uic.edu Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - Nov 2003 SP - 1582 EP - 1590 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 9 IS - 11 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Carbon dioxide effects on plants KW - Prairies KW - Foliage KW - Ecosystems KW - Deserts KW - Correlations KW - Forests KW - Nitrogen cycle KW - Carbon dioxide KW - D 04625:Plants - general KW - M2 551.586:Biometeorology and Bioclimatology (551.586) KW - M2 551.510.4:Composition of the atmosphere (551.510.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17841744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Widespread+foliage+delta+super%2815%29+N+depletion+under+elevated+CO+sub%282%29+%3A+inferences+for+the+nitrogen+cycle&rft.au=Bassirirad%2C+H%3BConstable%2C+J+V%3BLussenhop%2C+J%3BKimball%2C+BA%3BNorby%2C+R+J%3BOechel%2C+W+C%3BReich%2C+P+B%3BSchlesinger%2C+W+H%3BZitzer%2C+S%3BSehtiya%2C+H+L%3BSilim%2C+S&rft.aulast=Bassirirad&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1582&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2486.2003.00679.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Foliage; Nitrogen cycle; Deserts; Forests; Prairies; Carbon dioxide; Ecosystems; Correlations; Carbon dioxide effects on plants DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00679.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of waste issues associated with the production of new, lightweight, fuel-efficient vehicles AN - 17284487; 5624970 AB - This article assesses solid and hazardous wastes that would be generated through the production of new, lightweight, fuel-efficient vehicles. In these vehicles, steel is replaced with aluminum, titanium, magnesium, plastics, and glass and carbon fibers. In addition to total volumes, we pay particular attention to a subset of highly toxic chemical constituents in hazardous waste. The article also examines capacity in the United States to manage the solid and hazardous waste generation changes. Finally, we review the distribution of environmental impacts that changes in material composition would cause. The estimated generation of solid and hazardous wastes for each of the three new vehicles is greater than wastes for a base vehicle, although the United States has sufficient waste management capacity to handle these increases. Production of a subset of chemical constituents of hazardous waste, specifically those that are highly toxic, will decrease in most cases for the three new vehicles. Moving to these new materials could reduce mining for iron ore in the United States but increase the mining of bauxite for aluminum, magnesium, titanium, and other materials in such major countries as Canada, China, and Russia and in many small, developing countries, such as Guinea, Jamaica, and Sierra Leone. JF - Journal of Cleaner Production AU - Tonn, B E AU - Schexnayder, S M AU - Peretz, J H AU - Das, S AU - Waidley, G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, PO Box 2008, Building 4500N, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - Nov 2003 SP - 753 EP - 765 VL - 11 IS - 7 SN - 0959-6526, 0959-6526 KW - fuel efficient vehicles KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Titanium KW - Greater Antilles, Jamaica KW - Toxic materials KW - Automotive industry KW - Vehicles KW - Solid wastes KW - Waste management KW - USA KW - Canada KW - Guinea KW - Aluminum KW - Environmental changes KW - Sierra Leone KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Russia KW - Magnesium KW - Hazardous wastes KW - M3 1230:Sustainable Production KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17284487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Cleaner+Production&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+waste+issues+associated+with+the+production+of+new%2C+lightweight%2C+fuel-efficient+vehicles&rft.au=Tonn%2C+B+E%3BSchexnayder%2C+S+M%3BPeretz%2C+J+H%3BDas%2C+S%3BWaidley%2C+G&rft.aulast=Tonn&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=753&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Cleaner+Production&rft.issn=09596526&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0959-6526%2802%2900147-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Titanium; Environmental changes; Aluminum; Vehicles; Magnesium; Hazardous wastes; Automotive industry; Toxic materials; Solid wastes; Waste management; USA; Canada; Guinea; Greater Antilles, Jamaica; Sierra Leone; Russia; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0959-6526(02)00147-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diurnal and seasonal changes in stem increment and water use by yellow poplar trees in response to environmental stress AN - 1666298926; 5934034 AB - To evaluate indicators of whole-tree physiological responses to climate stress, we determined seasonal, daily and diurnal patterns of growth and water use in 10 yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) trees in a stand recently released from competition. Precise measurements of stem increment and sap flow made with automated electronic dendrometers and thermal dissipation probes, respectively, indicated close temporal linkages between water use and patterns of stem shrinkage and swelling during daily cycles of water depletion and recharge of extensible outer-stem tissues. These cycles also determined net daily basal area increment. Multivariate regression models based on a 123-day data series showed that daily diameter increments were related negatively to vapor pressure deficit (VPD), but positively to precipitation and temperature. The same model form with slight changes in coefficients yielded coefficients of determination of about 0.62 (0.57-0.66) across data subsets that included widely variable growth rates and VPDs. Model R super(2) was improved to 0.75 by using 3-day running mean daily growth data. Rapid recovery of stem diameter growth following short-term, diurnal reductions in VPD indicated that water stored in extensible stem tissues was part of a fast recharge system that limited hydration changes in the cambial zone during periods of water stress. There were substantial differences in the seasonal dynamics of growth among individual trees, and analyses indicated that faster-growing trees were more positively affected by precipitation, solar irradiance and temperature and more negatively affected by high VPD than slower-growing trees. There were no negative effects of ozone on daily growth rates in a year of low ozone concentrations. JF - Tree Physiology AU - McLaughlin, S B AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Nosal, M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA, mclaughlinsbrnl.gov Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 1125 EP - 1136 VL - 23 IS - 16 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Recharge KW - Hydration KW - Trees KW - Depletion KW - Climates KW - Temperature KW - Indicators KW - Probes KW - Automation KW - Hydrologic data KW - Growth rates KW - Precipitation KW - Water use KW - Water stress KW - Model studies KW - Vapor pressure KW - Ozone KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1666298926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=Diurnal+and+seasonal+changes+in+stem+increment+and+water+use+by+yellow+poplar+trees+in+response+to+environmental+stress&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+S+B%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BNosal%2C+M&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=1125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydration; Recharge; Depletion; Trees; Climates; Probes; Indicators; Temperature; Automation; Growth rates; Hydrologic data; Precipitation; Water use; Water stress; Model studies; Vapor pressure; Ozone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Review of lithium in the aquatic environment: distribution in the United States, toxicity and case example of groundwater contamination. AN - 71405318; 14649426 AB - Lithium is found at low concentrations in the major rivers of the United States (about 0.002 mg l(-1)) and as a mineral or salt in pegmatites and brines. The United States produces many lithium materials and consumes the greatest amount of Li in the world for use in ceramics, glass, aluminum, pharmaceuticals, batteries, etc. From 1950 to 1970, Li was central to many nuclear-related US Department of Energy (DOE) activities. The historical and current use of Li has not prompted many studies of the toxicity of this element to aquatic organisms. Here, we review the distribution and use of Li in the US with emphasis on usage by DOE. We also summarize information on the toxicity of lithium to aquatic biota. A case-example is provided which demonstrates the potential for contamination of groundwater with Li, evaluates the toxicity of the Li-contaminated groundwater, and identifies a treatment alternative. JF - Ecotoxicology (London, England) AU - Kszos, Lynn Adams AU - Stewart, Arthur J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, 37831-6422, USA. kszosla@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 439 EP - 447 VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 0963-9292, 0963-9292 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Lithium KW - 9FN79X2M3F KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Cyprinidae -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Fresh Water KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Fishes -- metabolism KW - Lithium -- toxicity KW - Lithium -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71405318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Review+of+lithium+in+the+aquatic+environment%3A+distribution+in+the+United+States%2C+toxicity+and+case+example+of+groundwater+contamination.&rft.au=Kszos%2C+Lynn+Adams%3BStewart%2C+Arthur+J&rft.aulast=Kszos&rft.aufirst=Lynn&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09639292&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-04 N1 - Date created - 2003-11-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of lithium to three freshwater organisms and the antagonistic effect of sodium. AN - 71388378; 14649425 AB - Lithium (Li) is the lightest metal and occurs primarily in stable minerals and salts. Concentrations of Li in surface water are typically <0.04 mg l(-1) but can be elevated in contaminated streams. Because of the general lack of information concerning the toxicity of Li to common toxicity test organisms, we evaluated the toxicity of Li to Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow), Ceriodaphnia dubia, and a freshwater snail (Elimia clavaeformis). In the laboratory, the concentration of Li that inhibited P. promelas growth or C. dubia reproduction by 25% (IC25) was dependant upon the dilution water. In laboratory control water containing little sodium (approximately 2.8 mg l(-1)), the IC25s were 0.38 and 0.32 mg Li l(-1) and in ambient stream water containing approximately 17 mg Na l(-1), the IC25s were 1.99 and 3.33, respectively. A Li concentration of 0.15 mg l(-1) inhibited the feeding of E. clavaeformis in laboratory tests. Toxicity tests conducted to evaluate the effect of sodium on the toxicity of Li were conducted with fathead minnows and C. dubia. The presence of sodium greatly affected the toxicity of Li. Fathead minnows and Ceriodaphnia, for example, tolerated concentrations of Li as great as 6 mg l(-1) when sufficient Na was present. The interaction of Li and Na on the reproduction of Ceriodaphnia was investigated in depth and can be described using an exponential model. The model predicts that C. dubia reproduction would not be affected when animals are exposed to combinations of lithium and sodium with a log ratio of mmol Na to mmol Li equal to at least 1.63. The results of this study indicate that for most natural waters, the presence of sodium is sufficient to prevent Li toxicity. However, in areas of historical disposal or heavy processing or use, an evaluation of Li from a water quality perspective would be warranted. JF - Ecotoxicology (London, England) AU - Kszos, Lynn Adams AU - Beauchamp, John J AU - Stewart, Arthur J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA. kszosla@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 427 EP - 437 VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 0963-9292, 0963-9292 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Lithium KW - 9FN79X2M3F KW - Sodium KW - 9NEZ333N27 KW - Index Medicus KW - Snails KW - Animals KW - Larva KW - Fresh Water KW - Cyprinidae KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Sodium -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Lithium -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71388378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+lithium+to+three+freshwater+organisms+and+the+antagonistic+effect+of+sodium.&rft.au=Kszos%2C+Lynn+Adams%3BBeauchamp%2C+John+J%3BStewart%2C+Arthur+J&rft.aulast=Kszos&rft.aufirst=Lynn&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09639292&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-04 N1 - Date created - 2003-11-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contamination dose from photoneutron processes in bodily tissues during therapeutic radiation delivery. AN - 71337449; 14596320 AB - Dose to the total body from induced radiation resulting from primary exposure to radiotherapeutic beams is not detailed in routine treatment planning though this information is potentially important for better estimates of health risks including secondary cancers. This information can also allow better management of patient treatment logistics, suggesting better timing, sequencing, and conduct of treatment. Monte Carlo simulations capable of taking into account all interactions contributing to the dose to the total body, including neutron scattering and induced radioactivity, provide the most versatile and accurate tool for investigating these effects. MCNPX code version 2.2.6 with full IAEA library of photoneutron cross sections is particularly suited to trace not only photoneutrons but also protons and heavy ion particles that result from photoneutron interactions. Specifically, the MCNPX code is applied here to the problem of dose calculations in traditional (non-IMRT) photon beam therapy. Points of calculation are located in the head, where the primary irradiation has been directed, but also in the superior portion of the torso of the ORNL Mathematical Human Phantom. We calculated dose contributions from neutrons, protons, deutrons, tritons and He-3 that are produced at the time of photoneutron interactions in the body and that would not have been accounted for by conventional radiation oncology dosimetry. JF - Medical physics AU - Difilippo, F AU - Papiez, L AU - Moskvin, V AU - Peplow, D AU - DesRosiers, C AU - Johnson, J AU - Timmerman, R AU - Randall, M AU - Lillie, R AD - Radiation Transport and Physics Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6363, USA. Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 2849 EP - 2854 VL - 30 IS - 10 SN - 0094-2405, 0094-2405 KW - Ions KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted KW - Phantoms, Imaging KW - Scattering, Radiation KW - Radiometry KW - Photons KW - Radiotherapy Dosage KW - Humans KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Male KW - Neutrons -- therapeutic use KW - Neutrons -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology KW - Neoplasms -- radiotherapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71337449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medical+physics&rft.atitle=Contamination+dose+from+photoneutron+processes+in+bodily+tissues+during+therapeutic+radiation+delivery.&rft.au=Difilippo%2C+F%3BPapiez%2C+L%3BMoskvin%2C+V%3BPeplow%2C+D%3BDesRosiers%2C+C%3BJohnson%2C+J%3BTimmerman%2C+R%3BRandall%2C+M%3BLillie%2C+R&rft.aulast=Difilippo&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2849&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medical+physics&rft.issn=00942405&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-02 N1 - Date created - 2003-11-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-18 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen isotopic composition of nano-scale uraninite at the Oklo-Okelobondo natural fission reactors, Gabon AN - 51911521; 2004-001431 AB - High spatial resolution (10-30 mu m), in situ oxygen isotopic analyses by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), coupled with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), were used to show that uraninite from the Oklo-Okelobondo natural fission reactors that occur in near surface environments, have low delta (super 18) O values and nanotextures that are consistent with interaction with ground water. These low delta (super 18) O values (-14.4 to -8.5 per mil) suggest that the minerals exchanged with meteoric groundwater. In contrast, reactor zones that occur at depth have largely retained their original O isotopic composition (-10.2 to -5.6 per mil) and uraninites are well-crystallized and essentially defect-free. These observations clearly demonstrate that by combining both HRTEM and in situ O isotopic analyses by SIMS, it is possible to characterize the nano-scale porosity and postdepositional alteration of U-bearing phases. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Utsunomiya, Satoshi AU - Ewing, Rodney C AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Jensen, Keld A Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 1583 EP - 1590 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 88 IS - 10 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - Franceville Basin KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - mass spectra KW - Gabon KW - electron microscopy data KW - Central Africa KW - O-18/O-16 KW - TEM data KW - stable isotopes KW - uranium ores KW - ore minerals KW - geochemical methods KW - metal ores KW - oxides KW - Africa KW - Bangombe Deposit KW - spectra KW - Oklo-Okelobondo Deposit KW - crystal chemistry KW - uraninite KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51911521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Oxygen+isotopic+composition+of+nano-scale+uraninite+at+the+Oklo-Okelobondo+natural+fission+reactors%2C+Gabon&rft.au=Fayek%2C+Mostafa%3BUtsunomiya%2C+Satoshi%3BEwing%2C+Rodney+C%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BJensen%2C+Keld+A&rft.aulast=Fayek&rft.aufirst=Mostafa&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1583&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Bangombe Deposit; Central Africa; crystal chemistry; electron microscopy data; Franceville Basin; Gabon; geochemical methods; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; metal ores; O-18/O-16; Oklo-Okelobondo Deposit; ore minerals; oxides; oxygen; spectra; stable isotopes; TEM data; uraninite; uranium ores ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A modeling study of the mechanism of the halogen-ozone-mercury homogeneous reactions in the troposphere during the polar spring AN - 27854216; 05708219 (EN); A04-12596 (AH) AB - Computer simulations are described for the homogeneous portion of the chemistry of the ozone and mercury depletion observed in the troposphere during the polar spring. Conditions chosen are similar to those of a clear day (17 March) at the location of Barrow, Alaska. Small amounts of reactive trace gases, representative of the Arctic spring, are present initially with typical background levels of Hg (0.24 ppt) and 50 ppb of O sub(3). The simulations show that ozone and gaseous atomic mercury depletion are both strong functions of two important variables: (1) the concentrations of Br sub(2) and BrCl present during the day; and (2) the concentrations of reactive trace gases such as CH sub(2)O present in the air mass. The simulated rate of Hg depletion and the expected product distribution are also functions of the size of the rate coefficient for the Hg+BrO reaction (k sub(17)). The relatively small extent of O sub(3) and Hg depletion rates that result from Cl-ClO chemistry and the major effects that result from the Br-BrO chemistry are rationalized in terms of the significant differences in the reaction mechanisms for the two halogens. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Calvert, J G AU - Lindberg, S E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, TN 27831-6038, USA calvertj@ornl.gov PY - 2003 SP - 4467 EP - 4481 PB - Elsevier Science BV, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands, [mailto:w.tukker@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.com] VL - 37 IS - 32 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Environmental Engineering (EN); Aerospace & High Technology (AH) KW - Atmospheric models KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Halogens KW - Ozone depletion KW - Polar regions KW - Mercury (metal) KW - Troposphere KW - Homogeneity KW - Spring (season) KW - Chemical reactions KW - Alaska KW - Article KW - EE 20:Air Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27854216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=A+modeling+study+of+the+mechanism+of+the+halogen-ozone-mercury+homogeneous+reactions+in+the+troposphere+during+the+polar+spring&rft.au=Calvert%2C+J+G%3BLindberg%2C+S+E&rft.aulast=Calvert&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=32&rft.spage=4467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2003.07.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.07.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced microbial reduction of Cr(VI) and U(VI) by different natural organic matter fractions AN - 19889708; 5722332 AB - Although direct microbial reduction of Cr(VI) and U(VI) is known, few studies have examined the kinetics and the underlying mechanisms of the reduction of these contaminants by different natural organic matter (NOM) fractions in the presence or absence of microorganisms. In this study, NOM was found to chemically reduce Cr(VI) at pH 3, but the reduction rates were negligible at pH similar to 7. The abiotic reduction of U(VI) by NOM was not observed, possibly because of the presence of small amounts of nitrate in the reactant solution. However, all NOM fractions, particularly the soil humic acid (HA), enhanced the bioreduction of Cr(VI) or U(VI) in the presence of Shewanella putrefaciens CN32. The reduction rates varied greatly among NOM fractions with different chemical and structural properties: the polyphenolic-rich NOM-PP fraction appeared to be the most reactive in abiotically reducing Cr(VI) at a low pH, but soil HA was more effective in mediating the microbial reduction of Cr(VI) and U(VI) under anaerobic, circumneutral pH conditions. These observations are attributed to an increased solubility and conformational changes of the soil HA with pH and, more importantly, its relatively high contents of polycondensed and conjugated aromatic organic moieties. An important implication of this study is that, depending on chemical and structural properties, different NOM components may play different roles in enhancing the bioreduction of Cr(VI) and U(VI) by microorganisms. Polycondensed aromatic humic materials may be particularly useful in mediating the bioreduction and rapid immobilization of these contaminant metals in soil. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Gu, B AU - Chen, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6036, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, b26@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 3575 EP - 3582 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 67 IS - 19 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Metals KW - Nitrate KW - Solubility KW - Organic matter KW - Anaerobic microorganisms KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - Soil pollution KW - Soil KW - Soils (acid) KW - Humic acids KW - Kinetics KW - Microorganisms KW - Contaminants KW - pH effects KW - Aromatics KW - Immobilization KW - Q1 08201:General KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19889708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Enhanced+microbial+reduction+of+Cr%28VI%29+and+U%28VI%29+by+different+natural+organic+matter+fractions&rft.au=Gu%2C+B%3BChen%2C+J&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=3575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900162-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Humic acids; Organic matter; Microorganisms; Immobilization; Aromatics; Nitrate; Metals; Solubility; Anaerobic microorganisms; Soil; Soil pollution; Soils (acid); Kinetics; Contaminants; pH effects; Shewanella putrefaciens DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00162-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular Diversity of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria from Two Different Continental Margin Habitats AN - 18938793; 5728904 AB - This study examined the natural diversity and distributions of sulfate- reducing bacteria along a natural carbon gradient extending down the shelf-slope transition zone of the eastern Pacific continental margin. Dissimilatory (bi)sulfite reductase gene sequences (dsrAB) were PCR amplified and cloned from five different sampling sites, each at a discrete depth, from two different margin systems, one off the Pacific coast of Mexico and another off the coast of Washington State. A total of 1,762 clones were recovered and evaluated by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The majority of the gene sequences recovered showed site and depth restricted distributions; however, a limited number of gene sequences were widely distributed within and between the margin systems. Cluster analysis identified 175 unique RFLP patterns, and nucleotide sequences were determined for corresponding clones. Several different continental margin DsrA sequences clustered with those from formally characterized taxa belonging to the delta subdivision of the class Proteobacteria (Desulfobulbus propionicus, Desulfosarcina variabilis) and the Bacillus-Clostridium (Desulfotomaculum putei) divisions, although the majority of the recovered sequences were phylogenetically divergent relative to all of the other DsrA sequences available for comparison. This study revealed extensive new genetic diversity among sulfate-reducing bacteria in continental margin sedimentary habitats, which appears to be tightly coupled to slope depth, specifically carbon bioavailability. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Liu, X AU - Bagwell, CE AU - Wu, L AU - Devol, AH AU - Zhou, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 1505 MS 6038, Bethel Valley Rd., Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, zhouJ@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 6073 EP - 6081 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 69 IS - 10 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Water depth KW - Clostridium KW - IE, Pacific KW - Geographical distribution KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Genetic diversity KW - INE, USA, Washington KW - Environmental factors KW - Proteobacteria KW - Desulfobulbus propionicus KW - Bioavailability KW - Carbon KW - Continental shelves KW - Desulfotomaculum putei KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Bacillus KW - Phylogeny KW - Marine KW - Vertical distribution KW - Sulfate-reducing bacteria KW - Continental slope KW - Restriction fragment length polymorphism KW - Identification KW - Habitat KW - Sediments KW - Community composition KW - Desulfosarcina variabilis KW - Sulphate reduction KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Species diversity KW - DNA KW - Microorganisms KW - ISE, Mexico KW - Continental margins KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08464:Other aquatic communities KW - O 1010:Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, Fungi and Plants KW - Q1 08205:Genetics and evolution KW - J 02905:Water KW - D 04620:Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18938793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Molecular+Diversity+of+Sulfate-Reducing+Bacteria+from+Two+Different+Continental+Margin+Habitats&rft.au=Liu%2C+X%3BBagwell%2C+CE%3BWu%2C+L%3BDevol%2C+AH%3BZhou%2C+J&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=6073&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.69.10.6073-6081.2003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water depth; Phylogeny; Vertical distribution; Continental slope; Nucleotide sequence; Genetic diversity; Habitat; Identification; Environmental factors; Sediments; Community composition; Carbon; Sulphate reduction; Species diversity; Microorganisms; DNA; Polymerase chain reaction; Continental margins; Bioavailability; Geographical distribution; Sulfate-reducing bacteria; Continental shelves; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; Desulfobulbus propionicus; Clostridium; Desulfosarcina variabilis; Desulfotomaculum putei; Bacillus; Proteobacteria; IE, Pacific; Pacific Ocean; ISE, Mexico; INE, USA, Washington; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.10.6073-6081.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring cellular responses of engine-emitted particles by using a direct air-cell interface deposition technique AN - 18807553; 5686003 AB - The impacts of ultrafine airborne particles generated by diesel or gasoline engines on human lung cells have been investigated using a new in vitro cellular exposure technique. This technique enables direct deposition of the gasoline engine exhaust particles (GEP) and diesel engine exhaust particles (DEP) on human lung cells located at the air-cell interface on a transwell membrane in an exposure apparatus. The cellular responses to particle exposure were measured by the levels of IL-8 chemokines produced as a function of exposure time. The findings suggest that GEP and high-sulfur DEP induced the production of similar levels of IL-8 by unprimed A549 cells. The level of IL-8 produced by unprimed A549 cells in response to low-sulfur DEP was found lower than that produced in response to high-sulfur DEP and GEP. When cells were primed, simulating predisposed conditions, significant levels of IL-8 were produced. GEP triggered a much higher level of IL-8 production than DEP did. Furthermore, the time profile of IL-8 production induced by GEP was markedly different from that induced by DEP. The findings indicate that GEP could induce the production of higher levels of chemokines (i.e. IL-8) than DEP did, implying that exposure to GEP could be a greater health risk than exposure to DEP. JF - Chemosphere AU - Cheng, M-D AU - Malone, B AU - Storey, JME AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, chengmd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - Oct 2003 SP - 237 EP - 243 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 53 IS - 3 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Air pollution KW - Airborne particulates KW - Lung KW - Gasoline KW - Motor vehicles KW - Diesel KW - Interleukin 8 KW - Exhausts KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18807553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Monitoring+cellular+responses+of+engine-emitted+particles+by+using+a+direct+air-cell+interface+deposition+technique&rft.au=Cheng%2C+M-D%3BMalone%2C+B%3BStorey%2C+JME&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=M-D&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0045-6535%2803%2900555-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Airborne particulates; Gasoline; Lung; Motor vehicles; Diesel; Interleukin 8; Exhausts DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00555-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Partitioning of BTEX Constituents and Chloroorganics in High-Biomss Systems AN - 16162861; 5745251 AB - Henry's Law controls mass transfer rates for sparingly soluble organics and/or lower inlet VOC concentrations within a biofilter. We report measurements of apparent Henry's Law partitioning values for benzene, toluene, TCE, and chloromethane in systems that contain varying levels of biomass. The apparent air/liquid partition constant for benzene decreased from 2.9 x 10 super(-3) atm m super(3) mol super(-1) to as low as 0.1 x 10 super(-3) atm m super(3) mol super(-1) when biomass, in the form of yeast, was added to aqueous batch systems containing benzene. The constant for toluene decreased from 6.4 x 10 super(-3) to 0.17 x 10 super(-3) atm m super(3) mol super(-1). For TCE, the air/liquid partition constant decreased from 0.013 atm m super(3) mol super(-1) to less than 0.00013 atm m super(3) mol super(-1). Experimentally measured partition values were also used to calculate intrinsic "pure biomass" partitioning constants, which can be used to interpolate behavior. Apparent partitioning values for TCE were most heavily impacted by biomass levels, changing by two orders of magnitude. These data should allow other researchers to estimate and extrapolate the influence of biomass on their own biofiltration processes. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Barton, J W AU - Vodraska, C D AU - Flanary, SA AU - Davison, B H AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6226, USA, bartonjw@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - Oct 2003 SP - 95 EP - 102 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - chloromethane KW - trichloroethylene KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Biofiltration KW - Toluene KW - Biomass KW - benzene KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16162861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Partitioning+of+BTEX+Constituents+and+Chloroorganics+in+High-Biomss+Systems&rft.au=Barton%2C+J+W%3BVodraska%2C+C+D%3BFlanary%2C+SA%3BDavison%2C+B+H&rft.aulast=Barton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biofiltration; Toluene; Biomass; benzene; Volatile organic compounds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomineralization of a poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxide, akaganeite, by an anaerobic Fe(III)-reducing bacterium (Shewanella alga) isolated from marine environment AN - 51877996; 2004-023494 AB - Formation of Fe(II)-containing mineral through microbial processes may play an important role in iron and carbon geochemistry in subsurface environments. Fe(III)-reducing bacteria form Fe(II)-containing minerals such as siderite, magnetite, vivianite, and green rust using iron oxides. A psychrotolerant Fe(III)-reducing bacterium, Shewanella alga (PV-4), was used to examine the reduction and biomineralization of a poorly crystalline iron oxide, akaganeite (beta -FeOOH), in the absence of a soluble electron shuttle, anthraquinone disulphonate (AQDS), under different atmospheric compositions as well as in HCO (sub 3) buffered medium (30 to 210 mM). Iron biomineralization was also examined under different growth conditions such as incubation time, electron donors, and electron acceptors. The Fe(III)-reducing bacterium, PV-4, reduced akaganeite, Fe(III)-citrate, and Co(III)-EDTA using lactate or H (sub 2) as an electron donor. The iron biomineralization of Fe(III) oxide, akaganeite-as it undergoes reduction by an iron reducing bacterium-is a complex process influenced by biogeochemical factors including microorganisms, bicarbonate buffer concentration, atmospheric composition, electron donors/acceptors, incubation time, and Eh/pH. From this research we found that microorganisms do participate in the formation of diverse iron minerals and that microbial iron biomineralization may affect Fe and C biogeochemistry in subsurface environments. JF - Geosciences Journal (Seoul) AU - Lee, Sang Han AU - Lee, Insung AU - Roh, Yul Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 SP - 217 EP - 226 PB - Hanrimwon Publishing Company for the Geological Society of Korea, Seoul VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1226-4806, 1226-4806 KW - United States KW - iron oxides KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - hydrothermal vents KW - algae KW - mineral composition KW - akaganeite KW - carbon KW - oxides KW - mineralization KW - reduction KW - ion exchange KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Eh KW - electrons KW - Plantae KW - Hawaii KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - bacteria KW - Oceania KW - anaerobic environment KW - Polynesia KW - carbonates KW - microfossils KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51877996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geosciences+Journal+%28Seoul%29&rft.atitle=Biomineralization+of+a+poorly+crystalline+Fe%28III%29+oxide%2C+akaganeite%2C+by+an+anaerobic+Fe%28III%29-reducing+bacterium+%28Shewanella+alga%29+isolated+from+marine+environment&rft.au=Lee%2C+Sang+Han%3BLee%2C+Insung%3BRoh%2C+Yul&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Sang&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geosciences+Journal+%28Seoul%29&rft.issn=12264806&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.geosciences-journal.org/home/journal/editor.asp?globalmenu=2 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - akaganeite; algae; anaerobic environment; bacteria; carbon; carbonates; chemical composition; East Pacific Ocean Islands; Eh; electrons; geochemistry; Hawaii; hydrothermal vents; ion exchange; iron oxides; marine environment; metals; microfossils; mineral composition; mineralization; Oceania; organic compounds; oxides; pH; Plantae; Polynesia; reduction; United States; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulfur isotope microanalysis of sphalerite by SIMS; constraints on the genesis of mississippi valley-type mineralization, from the Mascot-Jefferson City district, East Tennessee AN - 51597902; 2006-034020 AB - The Mascot-Jefferson City (MJC) district is the most productive zinc district in East Tennessee. The deposits are of Mississippi Valley-type (MVT), hosted by carbonate rocks and dominated by sphalerite mineralization in strata-bound breccia bodies. We have utilized the high spatial resolution (20-30 mu m) of the ion microprobe to obtain in situ sulfur isotopic analyses from discrete growth zones of sphalerite and analyses of associated pyrite.Two types of pyrite were noted: pre-sphalerite, diagenetic pyrite (delta (super 34) S of -16.1 per mil and -20.0 per mil) and syn-sphalerite pyrite that is intergrown with sphalerite (delta (super 34) S of 31.3 per mil to 33.7 per mil). Two textural varieties of sphalerite mineralization (banded and non-banded) were characterized. Banded sphalerite exhibits fine (mu m to cm) banding that has grown around a carbonate substrate. Banded sphalerite has delta (super 34) S values from 27.8 per mil to 51.0 per mil, high Cd contents (up to 0.96 wt.%) and dark areas that are likely due to minute inclusions of organic carbon. The non-banded sphalerite has delta (super 34) S values from 20.2 per mil to 39.5 per mil, high Fe content and no organic inclusions. Regardless of the textural variety of sphalerite mineralization, our results show that the sulfur isotopic composition within a single polished thin section is heterogeneous and can vary by as much as 15 per mil. The delta (super 34) S values recorded in this study are among the heaviest ever reported for MVT deposits. The microscale delta (super 34) S variations and presence of high delta (super 34) S values have been previously undocumented for East Tennessee. The data presented here suggest multiple sulfur sources and sulfide precipitation by fluid mixing. The most probable scenario involves significant sulfur input from a sulfate- and metal-bearing fluid of variable delta (super 34) S composition mixing with a gas cap containing H (sub 2) S of relatively homogeneous delta (super 34) S composition. The gas cap provided lesser amounts of sulfur to the system. Mixing of two isotopically different sulfur sources of variable proportions can account for the observed microscale variation in delta (super 34) S. JF - Journal of Geochemical Exploration AU - Peevler, Janna AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Misra, Kula C AU - Riciputi, Lee R Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 SP - 277 EP - 296 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam-New York VL - 80 IS - 2-3 SN - 0375-6742, 0375-6742 KW - mineral exploration KW - Mascot Tennessee KW - Copper Ridge Dolomite KW - Middle Ordovician KW - mass spectra KW - Kingsport Formation KW - electron probe data KW - sedimentary rocks KW - inclusions KW - Tennessee KW - Jefferson City Tennessee KW - Chepultepec Dolomite KW - Jefferson County Tennessee KW - textures KW - Paleozoic KW - S-34/S-32 KW - Lower Ordovician KW - brines KW - metal ores KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonate rocks KW - United States KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Mascot-Jefferson City mining district KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - fluid phase KW - stable isotopes KW - Cambrian KW - Upper Cambrian KW - Ordovician KW - mississippi valley-type deposits KW - metallogeny KW - mineralization KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - Lenoir Limestone KW - breccia KW - isotope ratios KW - zinc ores KW - Mascot Dolomite KW - sphalerite KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - sulfur KW - sulfides KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51597902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geochemical+Exploration&rft.atitle=Sulfur+isotope+microanalysis+of+sphalerite+by+SIMS%3B+constraints+on+the+genesis+of+mississippi+valley-type+mineralization%2C+from+the+Mascot-Jefferson+City+district%2C+East+Tennessee&rft.au=Peevler%2C+Janna%3BFayek%2C+Mostafa%3BMisra%2C+Kula+C%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R&rft.aulast=Peevler&rft.aufirst=Janna&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geochemical+Exploration&rft.issn=03756742&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0375-6742%2803%2900195-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756742 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 77 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGCEAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - breccia; brines; Cambrian; carbonate rocks; chemical composition; Chepultepec Dolomite; Copper Ridge Dolomite; crystal chemistry; electron probe data; fluid phase; geochemistry; inclusions; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jefferson City Tennessee; Jefferson County Tennessee; Kingsport Formation; Lenoir Limestone; lithostratigraphy; Lower Ordovician; Mascot Dolomite; Mascot Tennessee; Mascot-Jefferson City mining district; mass spectra; metal ores; metallogeny; metals; Middle Ordovician; mineral deposits, genesis; mineral exploration; mineralization; mississippi valley-type deposits; Ordovician; Paleozoic; precipitation; S-34/S-32; sedimentary rocks; spectra; sphalerite; stable isotopes; sulfides; sulfur; Tennessee; textures; United States; Upper Cambrian; zinc ores DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0375-6742(03)00195-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PROSPECT II: protein structure prediction program for genome-scale applications AN - 19235428; 5816302 AB - A new method for fold recognition is developed and added to the general protein structure prediction package PROSPECT (http://compbio.ornl.gov/PROSPECT/). The new method (PROSPECT II) has four key features. (i) We have developed an efficient way to utilize the evolutionary information for evaluating the threading potentials including singleton and pairwise energies. (ii) We have developed a two-stage threading strategy: (a) threading using dynamic programming without considering the pairwise energy and (b) fold recognition considering all the energy terms, including the pairwise energy calculated from the dynamic programming threading alignments. (iii) We have developed a combined z-score scheme for fold recognition, which takes into consideration the z-scores of each energy term. (iv) Based on the z-scores, we have developed a confidence index, which measures the reliability of a prediction and a possible structure-function relationship based on a statistical analysis of a large data set consisting of threadings of 600 query proteins against the entire FSSP templates. Tests on several benchmark sets indicate that the evolutionary information and other new features of PROSPECT II greatly improve the alignment accuracy. We also demonstrate that the performance of PROSPECT II on fold recognition is significantly better than any other method available at all levels of similarity. Improvement in the sensitivity of the fold recognition, especially at the superfamily and fold levels, makes PROSPECT II a reliable and fully automated protein structure and function prediction program for genome-scale applications. JF - Protein Engineering AU - Kim, Dongsup AU - Xu, Dong AU - Guo, Jun-tao AU - Ellrott, K AU - Xu, Ying AD - Protein Informatics Group, 1060 Commerce Park Drive, MS 6480, ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6480, USA, xyn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - Sep 2003 SP - 641 EP - 650 VL - 16 IS - 9 SN - 0269-2139, 0269-2139 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Protein structure KW - Computer programs KW - Protein engineering KW - Protein folding KW - Energy KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19235428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Protein+Engineering&rft.atitle=PROSPECT+II%3A+protein+structure+prediction+program+for+genome-scale+applications&rft.au=Kim%2C+Dongsup%3BXu%2C+Dong%3BGuo%2C+Jun-tao%3BEllrott%2C+K%3BXu%2C+Ying&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Dongsup&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Protein+Engineering&rft.issn=02692139&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fprotein%2Fgzg081 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protein structure; Computer programs; Energy; Protein folding; Protein engineering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/protein/gzg081 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydraulics of horizontal wells in fractured shallow aquifer systems AN - 18877503; 5722353 AB - An analysis of groundwater hydraulic head in the vicinity of a horizontal well in fractured or porous aquifers considering confined, leaky confined, and water-table aquifer boundary conditions is presented. Solutions for hydraulic heads in both leaky confined and water table aquifers are provided. The fracture model used in this study is the standard double-porosity model. The aquitard storage is included in the formula. Solutions for the confined and unconfined conditions, fractured and porous conditions, wellbore storage, and skin effect are compared. Several findings of this study are, (1) the influence of wellbore storage and skin upon the drawdown for a fractured confined aquifer is similar to that for a porous confined aquifer, (2) aquitard storage affects the intermediate time the most by delaying the drawdown, and (3) there is a significant difference between the type curves of fractured and porous confined aquifers in most aquifer boundary conditions because of the contribution of matrix storage, and such a difference disappears at the later time. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Park, E AU - Zhan, H AD - Department of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5028, Delft 2600GA, The Netherlands, parke@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - Sep 2003 SP - 147 EP - 158 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 281 IS - 1-2 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Horizontal well KW - Wellbore storage KW - Skin effect KW - Water table KW - Leaky confined aquifer KW - Fractured aquifer KW - Aquifers KW - Hydraulics KW - Well hydraulics KW - Drawdown KW - Hydrogeology KW - Boundary conditions KW - Tube wells KW - Sensitivity Analysis KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Hydraulic properties KW - Aquifer models KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Horizontal Wells KW - Model Studies KW - Well Hydraulics KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Wells KW - Driving Head KW - Aquifer Systems KW - Groundwater KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 6020:Hydraulics KW - M2 556.33:Aquifers (556.33) KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18877503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Hydraulics+of+horizontal+wells+in+fractured+shallow+aquifer+systems&rft.au=Park%2C+E%3BZhan%2C+H&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=281&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0022-1694%2803%2900206-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifers; Well hydraulics; Sensitivity analysis; Hydraulic properties; Aquifer models; Boundary conditions; Sensitivity Analysis; Tube wells; Hydraulics; Drawdown; Wells; Hydrogeology; Modelling (-general-); Groundwater; Geologic Fractures; Mathematical Studies; Well Hydraulics; Driving Head; Aquifer Systems; Horizontal Wells; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00206-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Continental runoff dynamics in the Community Climate System Model 2 (CCSM2) control simulation AN - 18068017; 5728163 AB - We present an analysis of the river transport model (RTM) implementation in a fully coupled Earth system model, the Community Climate System Model, version 2 (CCSM2). The results of a 350-year CCSM2 control simulation were compared to observational river flow data and previous simulations using the Community Climate Model, version 3 (CCM3). River discharge into the Arctic Ocean improved significantly over earlier CCM3 simulations. Significant interannual variability was evident in the control simulation, although at times it exceeded the observational variability. The CCSM2 river discharges to the ocean during the peak discharge month of June for the Amazon, Amur, Ob, St. Lawrence, and Ganges Rivers were found to be within 25% of observations. CCSM2 produced negative river discharges for the St. Lawrence, Parana, and Ob Rivers for some months of the year because of the methods CCSM2 used to calculate runoff resulting from lakes, wetlands, and glaciers. Precipitation and snow cover analyses explained some of the improvements of CCSM2 over CCM3 as well as lingering sources of inaccuracy in the river discharges. The lack of water impoundment in both CCSM2 and CCM3 was shown to be another source of discrepancy between model river discharge and observed streamgage data. We discuss the differences and similarities between CCSM2 river discharges and observations within the context of extant freshwater resource management, observational measurement techniques, and spatial and temporal scales. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Branstetter, M L AU - Erickson, DJ III AD - Climate and Carbon Research, Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - Sep 2003 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 108 IS - D17 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Annual variations KW - Modelling KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Citation No. 4550 KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - M2 551.579:Hydrometeorology (551.579) KW - M2 551.581.1:Theoretical climatology. Climatic models. Solar climate (551.581.1) KW - Q2 02171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18068017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Continental+runoff+dynamics+in+the+Community+Climate+System+Model+2+%28CCSM2%29+control+simulation&rft.au=Branstetter%2C+M+L%3BErickson%2C+DJ+III&rft.aulast=Branstetter&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=D17&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JD003212 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication date refers to online version. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JD003212 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling white sturgeon movement in a reservoir: the effect of water quality and sturgeon density AN - 17279407; 5697180 AB - We developed a movement model to examine the distribution and survival of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in a reservoir subject to large spatial and temporal variation in dissolved oxygen and temperature. Temperature and dissolved oxygen were simulated by a CE-QUAL-W2 model of Brownlee Reservoir, Idaho for a typical wet, normal, and dry hydrologic year. We compared current water quality conditions to scenarios with reduced nutrient inputs to the reservoir. White sturgeon habitat quality was modeled as a function of temperature, dissolved oxygen and, in some cases, suitability for foraging and depth. We assigned a quality index to each cell along the bottom of the reservoir. The model simulated two aspects of daily movement. Advective movement simulated the tendency for animals to move toward areas with high habitat quality, and diffusion simulated density dependent movement away from areas with high sturgeon density in areas with non-lethal habitat conditions. Mortality resulted when sturgeon were unable to leave areas with lethal temperature or dissolved oxygen conditions. Water quality was highest in winter and early spring and lowest in mid to late summer. Limiting nutrient inputs reduced the area of Brownlee Reservoir with lethal conditions for sturgeon and raised the average habitat suitability throughout the reservoir. Without movement, simulated white sturgeon survival ranged between 45 and 89%. Allowing movement raised the predicted survival of sturgeon under all conditions to above 90% as sturgeon avoided areas with low habitat quality. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Sullivan, AB AU - Jager, H I AU - Myers, R AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, annett@usgs.gov Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - Sep 2003 SP - 97 EP - 114 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - Models KW - White sturgeon KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Water reservoirs KW - Ecological distribution KW - Population density KW - Survival KW - Water quality KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Habitats KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Acipenser KW - Sturgeon KW - Diffusion KW - Reservoirs KW - Mortality KW - Acipenser transmontanus KW - Temporal variations KW - Density KW - Dissolved Oxygen KW - Water Quality KW - Temperature KW - Limiting factors KW - Habitat KW - Foraging behaviour KW - USA, Idaho KW - winter KW - Movements KW - summer KW - survival KW - Mortality causes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - D 04668:Fish KW - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17279407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Modeling+white+sturgeon+movement+in+a+reservoir%3A+the+effect+of+water+quality+and+sturgeon+density&rft.au=Sullivan%2C+AB%3BJager%2C+H+I%3BMyers%2C+R&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0304-3800%2803%2900169-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Foraging behaviour; Water reservoirs; Temporal variations; Ecological distribution; Survival; Limiting factors; Water quality; Mortality causes; Dissolved oxygen; Movements; Population density; Reservoirs; Mortality; water quality; winter; Temperature; summer; Diffusion; survival; Habitat; Habitats; Hydrologic Models; Density; Water Quality; Dissolved Oxygen; Sturgeon; Acipenser transmontanus; Acipenser; USA, Idaho DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3800(03)00169-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO sub(2) Hydrate Composite for Ocean Carbon Sequestration AN - 16162131; 5773904 AB - Rapid CO sub(2) hydrate formation was investigated with the objective of producing a negatively buoyant CO sub(2)-seawater mixture under high-pressure and low-temperature conditions, simulating direct CO sub(2) injection at intermediate ocean depths of 1.0-1.3 km. A coflow reactor was developed to maximize CO sub(2) hydrate production by injecting water droplets (e.g., similar to 267 mu m average diameter) from a capillary tube into liquid CO sub(2). The droplets were injected in the mixing zone of the reactor where CO sub(2) hydrate formed at the surface of the water droplets. The water-encased hydrate particles aggregated in the liquid CO sub(2), producing a paste-like composite containing CO sub(2) hydrate, liquid CO sub(2), and water phases. This composite was extruded into ambient water from the coflow reactor as a coherent cylindrical mass, approximately 6 mm in diameter, which broke into pieces 5-10 cm long. Both modeling and experiments demonstrated that conversion from liquid CO sub(2) to CO sub(2) hydrate increased with water flow rate, ambient pressure, and residence time and decreased with CO sub(2) flow rate. Increased mixing intensity, as expressed by the Reynolds number, enhanced the mass transfer and increased the conversion of liquid CO sub(2) into CO sub(2) hydrate. Using a plume model, we show that hydrate composite particles (for a CO sub(2) loading of 1000 kg/s and 0.25 hydrate conversion) will dissolve and sink through a total depth of 350 m. This suggests significantly better CO sub(2) dispersal and potentially reduced environmental impacts than would be possible by simply discharging positively buoyant liquid CO sub(2) droplets. Further studies are needed to address hydrate conversion efficiency, scale-up criteria, sequestration longevity, and impact on the ocean biota before in-situ production of sinking CO sub(2) hydrate composite can be applied to oceanic CO sub(2) storage and sequestration. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Lee, Sangyong AU - Liang, L AU - Riestenberg, D AU - West, O R AU - Tsouris, C AU - Adams, E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6181, USA, tsourisc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/08/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Aug 15 SP - 3701 EP - 3708 VL - 37 IS - 16 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Negative buoyancy KW - Sequestration KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Seawater KW - Carbon dioxide in seawater KW - Air pollution control KW - Carbon dioxide disposal in sea KW - Benthic environment KW - Methodology KW - Storage KW - Marine pollution KW - Oceans KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Hydrates KW - Chemical pollutants KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Pollution control KW - Buoyancy KW - O 4095:Instruments/Methods KW - M2 551.463/.464:Seawater Properties (551.463/.464) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16162131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=CO+sub%282%29+Hydrate+Composite+for+Ocean+Carbon+Sequestration&rft.au=Lee%2C+Sangyong%3BLiang%2C+L%3BRiestenberg%2C+D%3BWest%2C+O+R%3BTsouris%2C+C%3BAdams%2C+E&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Sangyong&rft.date=2003-08-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=3701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Marine pollution; Oceans; Hydrates; Benthic environment; Carbon dioxide; Chemical pollutants; Methodology; Buoyancy; Pollution control; Carbon dioxide in seawater; Carbon dioxide disposal in sea; Seawater; Atmospheric chemistry; Air pollution control; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leaf dynamics of a deciduous forest canopy: no response to elevated CO2. AN - 73565831; 12811536 AB - Leaf area index (LAI) and its seasonal dynamics are key determinants of terrestrial productivity and, therefore, of the response of ecosystems to a rising atmospheric CO(2) concentration. Despite the central importance of LAI, there is very little evidence from which to assess how forest LAI will respond to increasing [CO(2)]. We assessed LAI and related leaf indices of a closed-canopy deciduous forest for 4 years in 25-m-diameter plots that were exposed to ambient or elevated CO(2) (542 ppm) in a free-air CO(2) enrichment (FACE) experiment. LAI of this Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum) stand was about 6 and was relatively constant year-to-year, including the 2 years prior to the onset of CO(2) treatment. LAI throughout the 1999-2002 growing seasons was assessed through a combination of data on photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) transmittance, mass of litter collected in traps, and leaf mass per unit area (LMA). There was no effect of [CO(2)] on any expression of leaf area, including peak LAI, average LAI, or leaf area duration. Canopy mass and LMA, however, were significantly increased by CO(2) enrichment. The hypothesized connection between light compensation point (LCP) and LAI was rejected because LCP was reduced by [CO(2)] enrichment only in leaves under full sun, but not in shaded leaves. Data on PAR interception also permitted calculation of absorbed PAR (APAR) and light use efficiency (LUE), which are key parameters connecting satellite assessments of terrestrial productivity with ecosystem models of future productivity. There was no effect of [CO(2)] on APAR, and the observed increase in net primary productivity in elevated [CO(2)] was ascribed to an increase in LUE, which ranged from 1.4 to 2.4 g MJ(-1). The current evidence seems convincing that LAI of non-expanding forest stands will not be different in a future CO(2)-enriched atmosphere and that increases in LUE and productivity in elevated [CO(2)] are driven primarily by functional responses rather than by structural changes. Ecosystem or regional models that incorporate feedbacks on resource use through LAI should not assume that LAI will increase with CO(2) enrichment of the atmosphere. JF - Oecologia AU - Norby, Richard J AU - Sholtis, Johnna D AU - Gunderson, Carla A AU - Jawdy, Sara S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA. rjn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 574 EP - 584 VL - 136 IS - 4 SN - 0029-8549, 0029-8549 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecosystem KW - Seasons KW - Adaptation, Physiological KW - Plant Leaves KW - Trees KW - Liquidambar -- growth & development KW - Carbon Dioxide -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73565831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=Leaf+dynamics+of+a+deciduous+forest+canopy%3A+no+response+to+elevated+CO2.&rft.au=Norby%2C+Richard+J%3BSholtis%2C+Johnna+D%3BGunderson%2C+Carla+A%3BJawdy%2C+Sara+S&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=574&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oecologia&rft.issn=00298549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-08-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of sample preparation on mineralogical analysis of zero-valent iron reactive barrier materials AN - 51889358; 2004-014194 JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Phillips, D H AU - Gu, B AU - Watson, D B AU - Roh, Y Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 1299 EP - 1305 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - diffractograms KW - pollution KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - decontamination KW - metals KW - water treatment KW - valency KW - efficiency KW - reactive barriers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51889358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Impact+of+sample+preparation+on+mineralogical+analysis+of+zero-valent+iron+reactive+barrier+materials&rft.au=Phillips%2C+D+H%3BGu%2C+B%3BWatson%2C+D+B%3BRoh%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; decontamination; diffractograms; efficiency; ground water; iron; metals; mineral composition; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; reactive barriers; remediation; valency; water treatment; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical reactions and dynamics during titration of a contaminated groundwater with high uranium, aluminum, and calcium AN - 51763683; 2005-005583 AB - This study investigated possible geochemical reactions during titration of a contaminated groundwater with a low pH but high concentrations of aluminum, calcium, magnesium, manganese, and trace contaminant metals/radionuclides such as uranium, technetium, nickel, and cobalt. Both Na-carbonate and hydroxide were used as titrants, and a geochemical equilibrium reaction path model was employed to predict aqueous species and mineral precipitation during titration. Although the model appeared to be adequate to describe the concentration profiles of some metal cations, solution pH, and mineral precipitates, it failed to describe the concentrations of U during titration and its precipitation. Most U (as uranyl, UO (sub 2) (super 2+) ) as well as Tc (as pertechnetate, TcO (sub 4) (super -) ) were found to be sorbed and coprecipitated with amorphous Al and Fe oxyhydroxides at pH below approximately 5.5, but slow desorption or dissolution of U and Tc occurred at higher pH values when Na (sub 2) CO (sub 3) was used as the titrant. In general, the precipitation of major cationic species followed the order of Fe(OH) (sub 3) and/or FeCo (sub 0.1) (OH) (sub 3.2) , Al (sub 4) (OH) (sub 10) SO (sub 4) , MnCO (sub 3) , CaCO (sub 3) , conversion of Al (sub 4) (OH) (sub 10) SO (sub 4) to Al(OH) (sub 3,am) , Mn(OH) (sub 2) , Mg(OH) (sub 2) , MgCO (sub 3) , and Ca(OH) (sub 2) . The formation of mixed or double hydroxide phases of Ni and Co with Al and Fe oxyhydroxides was thought to be responsible for the removal of Ni and Co in solution. Results of this study indicate that, although the hydrolysis and precipitation of a single cation are known, complex reactions such as sorption/desorption, coprecipitation of mixed mineral phases, and their dissolution could occur simultaneously. These processes as well as the kinetic constraints must be considered in the design of the remediation strategies and modeling to better predict the activities of various metal species and solid precipitates during pre- and post-groundwater treatment practices. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Roh, Yul AU - Jardine, Philip M Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 2749 EP - 2761 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 15 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - calcium KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - dynamics KW - aluminum KW - water treatment KW - Tennessee KW - applications KW - trace elements KW - water pollution KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - titration KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - cations KW - uranium KW - trace metals KW - actinides KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51763683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Geochemical+reactions+and+dynamics+during+titration+of+a+contaminated+groundwater+with+high+uranium%2C+aluminum%2C+and+calcium&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BRoh%2C+Yul%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=2749&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900097-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkaline earth metals; aluminum; applications; calcium; cations; chemical reactions; dynamics; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; kinetics; laboratory studies; metals; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pH; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; Tennessee; titration; trace elements; trace metals; United States; uranium; water pollution; water treatment; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00097-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of military training on indicators of soil quality at Fort Benning, Georgia AN - 16155925; 5684251 AB - The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of soil disturbance on several key indicators of soil quality at Fort Benning, Georgia. Military activities at Fort Benning that result in soil disturbance include infantry, artillery, wheeled, and tracked vehicle training. Soil samples were collected along a disturbance gradient that included: (1) reference sites, (2) light military use, (3) moderate military use, (4) heavy military use, and (5) remediated sites. With the exception of surface soil bulk density, measured soil properties at reference and light use sites were similar. Relative to reference sites, greater surface soil bulk density, lower soil carbon concentrations, and less carbon and nitrogen in particulate organic matter (POM) were found at moderate use, heavy use, and remediated sites. Studies along a pine forest chronosequence indicated that carbon stocks in POM gradually increased with stand age. An analysis of soil C:N ratios, as well as soil carbon concentrations and stocks, indicated a recovery of soil quality at moderate military use and remediated sites relative to heavy military use sites. Measurements of soil carbon and nitrogen are ecological indicators that can be used by military land managers to identify changes in soil from training activities and to rank training areas on the basis of soil quality. JF - Ecological Indicators AU - Garten, CT Jr AU - Ashwood, T L AU - Dale, V H AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Mail Stop 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, gartenctjr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - Aug 2003 SP - 171 EP - 179 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1470-160X, 1470-160X KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Soil carbon KW - Soil nitrogen KW - Particulate organic matter KW - Mineral-associated organic matter KW - Soil disturbance gradient KW - Environmental degradation KW - USA, Georgia KW - Land use KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Human impact KW - Soil KW - USA, Georgia, Fort Benning KW - Environmental quality KW - Environmental restoration KW - Military KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16155925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Indicators&rft.atitle=Effect+of+military+training+on+indicators+of+soil+quality+at+Fort+Benning%2C+Georgia&rft.au=Garten%2C+CT+Jr%3BAshwood%2C+T+L%3BDale%2C+V+H&rft.aulast=Garten&rft.aufirst=CT&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Indicators&rft.issn=1470160X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1470-160X%2803%2900041-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Environmental degradation; Environmental restoration; Ecosystem disturbance; Human impact; Environmental quality; Military; Land use; USA, Georgia, Fort Benning; USA, Georgia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-160X(03)00041-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recovery of the benthic macroinvertebrate community in a small stream after long-term discharges of fly ash. AN - 71508535; 14703914 AB - Recovery of the benthic macroinvertebrate community in a small east Tennessee stream impacted by fly ash discharges from a power plant was investigated over a period of 6.5 years. The rate of recovery was greatest in the first 2 years after an initial 75% reduction in coal use led to a similar reduction in ash discharges and associated contaminants; further recovery followed after all fly ash discharges ceased. Recovery of the stream progressed through two phases. In the first phase, which lasted for approximately the first 2 years, most density and richness metrics increased considerably. In the second phase of recovery, the increases in metric values were followed by declines before fluctuating in and out of the lower reference ranges for the metrics. Detrended correspondence analyses and indicator species analyses showed that changes in species composition and community structure were ongoing throughout the second phase. Thus, the first phase was characterized by species additions, while the second phase involved species replacements and shifts in community dominants. Further recovery of the macroinvertebrate community will probably depend on additional flushing of fly ash deposits from the streambed and flood plain, because their continued presence reduces habitat quality in the stream and serves as a potential source of contaminants. Further recovery also may be limited by the availability of vagile species in nearby watersheds. JF - Environmental management AU - Smith, John G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, MS-6038, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. smithjg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 77 EP - 92 VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Index Medicus KW - Rivers KW - Animals KW - Incineration KW - Population Dynamics KW - Water Movements KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Water Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Invertebrates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71508535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+management&rft.atitle=Recovery+of+the+benthic+macroinvertebrate+community+in+a+small+stream+after+long-term+discharges+of+fly+ash.&rft.au=Smith%2C+John+G&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-20 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemistry of grain boundaries in mantle rocks AN - 51962744; 2003-055076 AB - The compositions of olivine grain boundaries have been analyzed with scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) via energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrum profiling in three specimens: a peridotite ultramylonite, olivine phenocrysts in a basaltic rock, and synthesized compacts of olivine + diopside. Composition profiles across grain boundaries in both natural and synthetic samples exhibit a characteristic width of 5 nm and a depletion of Mg and concomitant enrichments of Ca, Al, Ti, and Cr. Chemical segregation is known to affect grain boundary processes such as grain boundary diffusion, sliding, fracture, and migration, all of which influence the rheological properties of polycrystalline aggregates. Also, because grain boundaries are enriched in trace elements, the boundaries can be important storage sites for such elements in mantle rocks. Mantle-derived melts with unusual compositions, such as those rich in Ca and/or Ti, might be explained by preferential melting of olivine grain boundaries enriched in these elements. The common chemical signatures at grain boundaries in all samples indicate that chemical segregation is an energetically favorable phenomenon and thus should occur elsewhere in Earth's mantle. Segregation of trace elements to grain boundaries may play an important role in dynamical and geochemical processes in Earth's mantle. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Hiraga, Takehiko AU - Anderson, Ian M AU - Kohlstedt, David L Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 1015 EP - 1019 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 88 IS - 7 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - igneous rocks KW - mantle KW - olivine group KW - pyroxene group KW - plutonic rocks KW - clinopyroxene KW - ultramylonite KW - grain boundaries KW - aluminum KW - olivine KW - metamorphic rocks KW - orthosilicates KW - diopside KW - trace elements KW - chromium KW - chain silicates KW - alkaline earth metals KW - electron microscopy data KW - mylonites KW - ultramafics KW - nesosilicates KW - titanium KW - metals KW - peridotites KW - polycrystalline materials KW - phenocrysts KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51962744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Chemistry+of+grain+boundaries+in+mantle+rocks&rft.au=Hiraga%2C+Takehiko%3BAnderson%2C+Ian+M%3BKohlstedt%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Hiraga&rft.aufirst=Takehiko&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1015&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aluminum; calcium; chain silicates; chromium; clinopyroxene; diopside; electron microscopy data; grain boundaries; igneous rocks; magnesium; mantle; metals; metamorphic rocks; mylonites; nesosilicates; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; peridotites; phenocrysts; plutonic rocks; polycrystalline materials; pyroxene group; silicates; titanium; trace elements; ultramafics; ultramylonite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling unsaturated flow and transport in the saprolite of fractured sedimentary rocks; effects of periodic wetting and drying AN - 51913719; 2003-078681 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Van der Hoven, Stephen J AU - Solomon, D Kip AU - Moline, Gerilynn R Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 11 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 39 IS - 7 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - fertilizers KW - alteration KW - behavior KW - unsaturated zone KW - fluid dynamics KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - sampling KW - geochemistry KW - climate KW - chemical weathering KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - hydrochemistry KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - models KW - saprolite KW - humidity KW - wettability KW - water wells KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51913719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Modeling+unsaturated+flow+and+transport+in+the+saprolite+of+fractured+sedimentary+rocks%3B+effects+of+periodic+wetting+and+drying&rft.au=Van+der+Hoven%2C+Stephen+J%3BSolomon%2C+D+Kip%3BMoline%2C+Gerilynn+R&rft.aulast=Van+der+Hoven&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002WR001926 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; behavior; chemical weathering; clastic rocks; climate; fertilizers; fluid dynamics; fractures; geochemistry; humidity; hydrochemistry; models; monitoring; numerical models; permeability; porosity; sampling; saprolite; sedimentary rocks; solute transport; unsaturated zone; water wells; weathering; wettability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001926 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural attenuation of trichloroethylene in fractured shale bedrock AN - 51163423; 2003-064519 AB - This paper describes one of the first well-documented field examples of natural attenuation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in groundwater in a fractured shale bedrock. The study was carried out adjacent to a former waste burial site in Waste Area Grouping 5 (WAG5) on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Oak Ridge, TN. A contaminant plume containing TCE and its daughter products were detected downgradient from the buried waste pits, with most of the contamination occurring in the upper 6 m of the bedrock. The monitoring well array consists of a 35-m-long transect of multilevel sampling wells, situated along a line between the waste pits and a seep which discharges into a small stream. Concentrations of volatile organic carbons (VOCs) were highest in the waste trenches and decreased with distance downgradient towards the seep. Sampling wells indicated the presence of overlapping plumes of TCE, cis-dichloroethylene (cDCE), vinyl chloride (VC), ethylene, ethane, and methane, with the daughter products extending further downgradient than the parent (TCE). This type of distribution suggests anaerobic biodegradation. Measurements of redox potential at the site indicated that iron-reduction, sulfate reduction, and potentially methanogensis were occurring and are conducive to dechlorination of TCE. Bacteria enrichment of groundwater samples revealed the presence of methanotrophs, methanogens, iron-reducing bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria, all of which have previously been implicated in anaerobic biodegradation of TCE. 16S rDNA sequence from DNA extracted from two wells were similar to sequences of organisms previously implicated in the anaerobic biodegradation of chlorinated solvents. The combined data strongly suggest that anaerobic biodegradation of the highly chlorinated compounds is occurring. Aerobic biodegradation may also be occurring in oxygenated zones, including near a seep where groundwater exits the site, or in the upper bedrock during seasonal fluctuations in water table elevation and oxygen levels. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Lenczewski, M AU - Jardine, P AU - McKay, L AU - Layton, A Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 151 EP - 168 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 64 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - vinyl chloride KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - oxygen KW - contaminant plumes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - observation wells KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - environmental analysis KW - reservoir rocks KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ethylene KW - sedimentary rocks KW - alkenes KW - Tennessee KW - natural attenuation KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - bedrock KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - shale KW - pollutants KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - water table KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - dechlorination KW - bacteria KW - volatile organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - nuclear facilities KW - trichloroethylene KW - seasonal variations KW - clastic rocks KW - underground disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51163423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Natural+attenuation+of+trichloroethylene+in+fractured+shale+bedrock&rft.au=Lenczewski%2C+M%3BJardine%2C+P%3BMcKay%2C+L%3BLayton%2C+A&rft.aulast=Lenczewski&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900090-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; anaerobic environment; aquifers; bacteria; bedrock; biodegradation; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic rocks; concentration; contaminant plumes; dechlorination; dehalogenation; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; environmental analysis; ethylene; fractured materials; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; natural attenuation; nonaqueous phase liquids; nuclear facilities; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; observation wells; organic compounds; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; remediation; reservoir rocks; seasonal variations; sedimentary rocks; shale; Tennessee; trichloroethylene; underground disposal; United States; vinyl chloride; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; water quality; water table DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00090-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Palladium-bacterial cellulose membranes for fuel cells AN - 18922955; 5606533 AB - Bacterial cellulose is a versatile renewable biomaterial that can be used as a hydrophilic matrix for the incorporation of metals into thin, flexible, thermally stable membranes. In contrast to plant cellulose, we found it catalyzed the deposition of metals within its structure to generate a finely divided homogeneous catalyst layer. Experimental data suggested that bacterial cellulose possessed reducing groups capable of initiating the precipitation of palladium, gold, and silver from aqueous solution. Since the bacterial cellulose contained water equivalent to at least 200 times the dry weight of the cellulose, it was dried to a thin membranous structure suitable for the construction of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs). Results of our study with palladium-cellulose showed that it was capable of catalyzing the generation of hydrogen when incubated with sodium dithionite and generated an electrical current from hydrogen in an MEA containing native cellulose as the polyelectrolyte membrane (PEM). Advantages of using native and metallized bacterial cellulose membranes in an MEA over other PEMs such as Nafion 117 include its higher thermal stability to 130 degree C and lower gas crossover. JF - Biosensors & Bioelectronics AU - Evans, B R AU - O'Neill, H M AU - Malyvanh, V P AU - Lee, I AU - Woodward, J AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 4500N Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6194, USA, evansb@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 SP - 917 EP - 923 PB - Elsevier Science B.V. VL - 18 IS - 7 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - polyelectrolyte membrane KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bacteria KW - palladium KW - Membranes KW - fuel cells KW - Electrodes KW - Cellulose KW - Gold KW - Hydrogen KW - Silver KW - Electrical properties KW - W2 32550:Energy, minerals KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 210:Bioremediation, Bioreactors & BioCycling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18922955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.atitle=Palladium-bacterial+cellulose+membranes+for+fuel+cells&rft.au=Evans%2C+B+R%3BO%27Neill%2C+H+M%3BMalyvanh%2C+V+P%3BLee%2C+I%3BWoodward%2C+J&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0956-5663%2802%2900212-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Membranes; Cellulose; Bacteria; Silver; Gold; palladium; Hydrogen; Electrical properties; Electrodes; fuel cells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0956-5663(02)00212-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial phylogenetic diversity and a novel candidate division of two humid region, sandy surface soils AN - 18790586; 5663103 AB - The extent of microbial community diversity in two similar sandy surface soils from Virginia and Delaware (USA) was analysed with a culture-independent small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene-based cloning approach with about 400-700 SSU rDNA clones obtained from each sample. While there were no operational taxonomic units (OTUs) having more than three individuals, about 96- 99% of the OTUs had only a single individual. The clones showing less than 85% similarity to the sequences in the current databases were fully sequenced. The majority of the clones (55%) had sequences that were more than 20% different from those in the current databases. About 37% of the clones differed by 15-20% in sequence from the database, 16% of the clones differed by 10-15%, and 5% of the clones differed by only 1-10%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these sequences fell into 10 of the 35-40 known phylogenetic divisions. Many of the clones were affiliated with Acidobacterium (35%). While a substantial portion of the clones belong to alpha (24%) and beta (12%) Proteobacteria, a few of them were affiliated with delta (6%) and gamma (3%) Proteobacteria. About 6% of the clones belong to Planctomycetes, and 4% of the clones were related to gram-positive bacteria. About 4% of clones were related to other bacterial divisions, including Cytophaga, Green sulfur bacteria, Nitrospira, OP10, and Verrucomicrobia. Eight sequences had no specific association with any of the known divisions or candidate divisions and were phylogenetically divided into three novel division level groups, named AD1, AD2 and AD3. Candidate division AD1 represented by six clones (4%) was found in both sites and consisted of two subdivisions. The community structures were similar between these two widely separated, sandy, oligotrophic, surface soils under grass vegetation in a temperate, humid climate but somewhat dissimilar to community structures revealed in similar studies in other types of soil habitats. JF - Soil Biology and Biochemistry AU - Zhou, J AU - Xia, B AU - Huang, H AU - Treves, D S AU - Hauser, L J AU - Mural, R J AU - Palumbo, A V AU - Tiedje, J M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 38831, USA, zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 SP - 915 EP - 924 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd. VL - 35 IS - 7 SN - 0038-0717, 0038-0717 KW - nucleotide sequence KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts KW - A 01047:General KW - D 04620:Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18790586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Bacterial+phylogenetic+diversity+and+a+novel+candidate+division+of+two+humid+region%2C+sandy+surface+soils&rft.au=Zhou%2C+J%3BXia%2C+B%3BHuang%2C+H%3BTreves%2C+D+S%3BHauser%2C+L+J%3BMural%2C+R+J%3BPalumbo%2C+A+V%3BTiedje%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=915&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00380717&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0038-0717%2803%2900124-X LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(03)00124-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of an integrated microchip system with capillary array electrophoresis to optimization of enzymatic reactions AN - 17851715; 5693724 AB - In this work, a combination of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) microchip system with capillary array electrophoresis (CAE) is demonstrated as a system for optimizing conditions for enzymatic reaction. Dimethylacridinone (DDAO)-phosphate substrate and alkaline phosphatase conjugate were selected for the enzymatic reaction, which was applicable to the enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Laser-induced fluorometry with a miniature semiconductor laser was used to detect the enzymatic products. The speed of the enzymatic reaction between the DDAO-phosphate and the alkaline phosphatase conjugate was investigated as a function of reaction time. The microchip-CAE detection system could determine the pH condition and the concentration of enzyme that are suitable for rapid and low-cost analysis. This result shows the feasibility of using the microchip-CAE system for application to miniaturized screening systems. JF - Analytica Chimica Acta AU - Song, J M AU - Griffin, G D AU - Vo-Dinh, T AD - Life Sciences Division, Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA, vodinht@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/07/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jul 01 SP - 75 EP - 82 PB - Elsevier VL - 487 IS - 1 SN - 0003-2670, 0003-2670 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biosensors KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Alkaline phosphatase KW - Electrophoresis KW - microchips KW - Enzymes KW - Fluorometry KW - Lasers KW - Immunosorbents KW - W4 230:Biosensors, Bioelectronics & Bioindicators KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17851715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytica+Chimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Application+of+an+integrated+microchip+system+with+capillary+array+electrophoresis+to+optimization+of+enzymatic+reactions&rft.au=Song%2C+J+M%3BGriffin%2C+G+D%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T&rft.aulast=Song&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=487&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytica+Chimica+Acta&rft.issn=00032670&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0003-2670%2803%2900515-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - BIOSENSORS 2002 SI. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - microchips; Electrophoresis; Alkaline phosphatase; Fluorometry; Immunosorbents; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Lasers; Enzymes; Biosensors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(03)00515-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Derivation of Aquatic Screening Benchmarks for 1,2-Dibromoethane AN - 16172104; 5768671 AB - Ethylene dibromide (1,2-dibromoethane or EDB) was primarily used in the United States as an additive in leaded gasoline and as a soil and grain fumigant for worm and insect control until it was banned in 1983. Historical releases of EDB have resulted in detectable EDB in groundwater and drinking wells, and recently concentrations up to 16 i[frac14]g/L were detected in ground water at two fuel spill plumes in the vicinity of the Massachusetts Military Reservation Base on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Because the ground water in this area is used to flood cranberry bogs for the purposes of harvesting, the U.S. Air Force sponsored the development of aquatic screening benchmarks for EDB. Acute toxicity tests with Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow), Daphnia magna, and Ceriodaphnia dubia were conducted to provide data needed for development of screening benchmarks. Using a closed test-system to prevent volatilization of EDB, the 48-h LC sub(50)s (concentration that kills 50% of the test organisms) for P. promelas, D. magna, and C. dubia were 4.3 mg/L, 6.5 mg/L, and 3.6 mg/L, respectively. The screening benchmark for aquatic organisms, derived as the Tier II chronic water quality criteria, is 0.031 mg EDB/L. The sediment screening benchmark, based on equilibrium partitioning, is 2.45 mg EDB/kg of organic carbon in the sediment. The screening benchmarks developed here are an important component of an ecological risk assessment, during which perhaps hundreds of chemicals must be evaluated for their potential to cause ecological harm. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Kszos, LA AU - Talmage, S S AU - Morris, G W AU - Konetsky, B K AU - Rottero, T AD - , Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA, US Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 66 EP - 71 PB - Springer-Verlag VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - 1,2-dibromoethane KW - Benchmarks KW - Cranberry bogs KW - Ethelyne dibromide KW - Fathead minnow KW - USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod KW - Water fleas KW - benchmarks KW - ethylene dibromide KW - risk assessment KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Water Pollution KW - Toxicity measurements KW - Gasoline KW - Ecological Effects KW - Freshwater fish KW - Toxicity tests KW - Bioassay KW - Public health KW - Water Quality Standards KW - Insecticides KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Experimental Data KW - Brominated hydrocarbons KW - Contaminated sediments KW - Aquatic environment KW - Lethal limits KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Contaminants KW - Toxicity testing KW - Risk assessment KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Human food KW - Pollution effects KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Daphnia magna KW - Risks KW - Ecology KW - Ceriodaphnia dubia KW - Freshwater crustaceans KW - Ground water KW - Chemical pollution KW - Sediment pollution KW - Water quality criteria KW - Toxicity KW - Marshes KW - Water supply KW - USA KW - Pimephales promelas KW - Chemical pollutants KW - Median Tolerance Limit KW - Additives KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16172104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Derivation+of+Aquatic+Screening+Benchmarks+for+1%2C2-Dibromoethane&rft.au=Kszos%2C+LA%3BTalmage%2C+S+S%3BMorris%2C+G+W%3BKonetsky%2C+B+K%3BRottero%2C+T&rft.aulast=Kszos&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=66&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00244-002-0151-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; Sediment pollution; Human food; Pollution effects; Marshes; Brominated hydrocarbons; Freshwater fish; Toxicity tests; Risks; Public health; Water supply; Insecticides; Lethal limits; Freshwater crustaceans; Groundwater pollution; Chemical pollutants; Additives; Ground water; Contaminants; Risk assessment; Gasoline; Water quality criteria; Chemical pollution; Toxicity testing; Aquatic environment; Ecology; Water Pollution; Water Quality Standards; Toxicity measurements; Groundwater Pollution; Toxicity; Contaminated sediments; Bioassay; Experimental Data; Water Pollution Effects; Sediment Contamination; Ecological Effects; Median Tolerance Limit; Ceriodaphnia dubia; Pimephales promelas; Daphnia magna; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-002-0151-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Landscape Level Analysis of Potential Excess Nitrogen in East-Central North Carolina, USA AN - 755133854; 13634552 AB - The objective of this research was to arrive at an assessment of potential excess nitrogen (N) under different land cover categories in the Neuse River Basin (North Carolina, USA) on a seasonal basis. Data on five processes (atmospheric N deposition, fertilization, net soil N mineralization, plant uptake, and denitrification) that contribute to potential excess N under different land cover categories were obtained from a literature review. Factors were also estimated to apportion annual N fluxes among different seasons of the year. Potential excess N was calculated as the difference between inputs to and outputs from an inorganic N pool. If inputs exceeded outputs, then the difference was assumed to represent N at risk of loss from the landscape to surface receiving waters and groundwaters. Land covers that were classified as potential N sources were influenced by soil N inventories and rates of net soil N mineralization (which is a natural process). The results indicated that there are large land areas in the Neuse River Basin that could be classified as either a N source or a N sink. Such areas are potentially sensitive because future changes in land use, or small alterations in N fluxes, could convert areas that are essentially in balance with respect to N biogeochemistry into the N source or N sink category. In this respect, model predictions indicate that the timing of N inputs and outputs on the landscape can be a critical determinant of potential excess N. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Garten, C T AU - Ashwood, T L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA (author for correspondence, gartenctjr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 3 EP - 21 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 146 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Assessments KW - Soil KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Groundwater KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755133854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=A+Landscape+Level+Analysis+of+Potential+Excess+Nitrogen+in+East-Central+North+Carolina%2C+USA&rft.au=Garten%2C+C+T%3BAshwood%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Garten&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1023923105942 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Groundwater; USA, North Carolina DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023923105942 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment surface effects on methane hydrate formation and dissociation AN - 51969500; 2003-051041 AB - The effects of sediment surfaces on methane hydrate formation and dissociation were investigated using colloidal suspensions and new experimental methods developed for a large volume (72 liters), temperature-controlled pressure vessel. Hydrates were formed by bubbling methane gas through test solutions at temperatures and pressures within the hydrate stability field. Hydrate formation was visually detected by the accumulation of hydrate-encrusted gas bubbles. To measure hydrate dissociation conditions, the pressure vessel was warmed while temperature was monitored within a zone of previously formed hydrate-encrusted gas bubbles. Hydrate dissociation was indicated by a distinct plateau in the hydrate zone temperature, while temperatures of the gas and liquid phases within the vessel continued to rise. The "dissociation plateau" appears to be a phenomenon that is unique to the large volume of the pressure vessel used for the experiments. In experiments where hydrates were formed in pure water, temperature and corresponding pressure conditions measured during the temperature plateau matched model-predicted values for hydrate stability in water, thus confirming the validity of this new method for measuring hydrate dissociation conditions. Formation and dissociation conditions were measured for methane hydrates in colloidal suspensions containing bentonite. Hydrate formation experiments indicated that the presence of bentonite in water at 200 mg/l significantly decreased pressures required for hydrate formation relative to formation in pure water alone. On the other hand, hydrate dissociation conditions measured in bentonite and silica suspensions with solids concentrations of 34 g/l did not differ significantly from that of water. These results are relevant to the origin and stability of natural gas hydrate deposits known to exist in deep permafrost and marine sediments, where the effects of sediment surfaces are largely unknown. JF - Marine Geology AU - Riestenberg, David AU - West, Olivia AU - Lee, Sangyong AU - McCallum, Scott AU - Phelps, Tommy J A2 - van Weering, Tjeerd C. E. A2 - Dullo, Wolf-Christian A2 - Henriet, Jean-Pierre Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 181 EP - 190 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 198 IS - 1-2 SN - 0025-3227, 0025-3227 KW - sediment-water interface KW - sea water KW - permafrost KW - dissociation KW - gas hydrates KW - analog simulation KW - geopressure KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - deep-sea environment KW - temperature KW - laboratory studies KW - marine sediments KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - sediments KW - applications KW - geochemistry KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - methane KW - pressure KW - bentonite KW - mineral-water interface KW - alkanes KW - measurement KW - gases KW - organic compounds KW - marine environment KW - hydrocarbons KW - clastic rocks KW - instruments KW - 07:Oceanography KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51969500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Geology&rft.atitle=Sediment+surface+effects+on+methane+hydrate+formation+and+dissociation&rft.au=Riestenberg%2C+David%3BWest%2C+Olivia%3BLee%2C+Sangyong%3BMcCallum%2C+Scott%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J&rft.aulast=Riestenberg&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=198&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Geology&rft.issn=00253227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0025-3227%2803%2900100-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00253227 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 2000 fall meeting, special session on Geosphere-biosphere coupling; cold seep related carbonate and mound formation and ecology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MAGEA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; analog simulation; applications; bentonite; clastic rocks; colloidal materials; deep-sea environment; dissociation; experimental studies; gas hydrates; gases; geochemistry; geopressure; hydrocarbons; instruments; laboratory studies; marine environment; marine sediments; measurement; methane; mineral composition; mineral-water interface; organic compounds; permafrost; pressure; sea water; sediment-water interface; sedimentary rocks; sediments; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00100-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using measured velocity to estimate gas hydrates concentration AN - 51953947; 2003-058105 AB - A new method for using measured P-wave and S-wave velocities to estimate gas hydrate concentration uses the Hashin-Shtrikman (HS) lower bound to provide both an upper and lower bound for mixtures of water and hydrate in unconsolidated marine sediments. The method parameterizes the region between the upper and lower bounds by using two upper bounds: HS and Voigt. Well log measurements of resistivity and the Archie equation are used to calculate hydrate concentration, and quadratic functions that relate the hydrate parameters to the hydrate concentration are estimated. For this data set, neither resistivity nor velocity provide a good method for detecting values of hydrate concentration that are less than 20%. JF - Geophysics AU - Reister, David B Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 884 EP - 891 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 68 IS - 3 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - P-waves KW - petroleum engineering KW - gas hydrates KW - natural gas KW - well-logging KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - algorithms KW - P-T conditions KW - body waves KW - methane KW - geophysical methods KW - alkanes KW - resistivity KW - porosity KW - seismic methods KW - organic compounds KW - reserves KW - detection KW - hydrocarbons KW - reservoir properties KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51953947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Using+measured+velocity+to+estimate+gas+hydrates+concentration&rft.au=Reister%2C+David+B&rft.aulast=Reister&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=884&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1581040 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; body waves; detection; elastic waves; gas hydrates; geophysical methods; hydrocarbons; methane; natural gas; organic compounds; P-T conditions; P-waves; petroleum; petroleum engineering; porosity; reserves; reservoir properties; resistivity; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1581040 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved crystallographic data for graphite AN - 51951091; 2003-062846 AB - Powder diffraction pattern of SP-1 graphite has been obtained using synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Unit cell dimensions were calculated using a least-squares analysis that refined to a Delta 2theta degrees of no more than 0.007. A hexagonal cell was determined with a space group of P6 (sub 3) /mmc (194), a = 2.4617(2) and c = 6.7106 (4) Aa. The Smith/Synder figure of merit is 167 based upon 11 peaks, which indicates that the quality of this data set is superior to the existing PDF card for graphite, 41-1487. It is also emphasized that the interlayer spacing of graphite should be 3.355(1) Aa. Using GAS and EXPGUI codes, a new set of calculated powder diffraction data based upon the interlayer spacing of 3.555 Aa is generated. A comparison with the current calculated card, 75-1621, has also been made. JF - Powder Diffraction AU - Howe, J Y AU - Rawn, C J AU - Jones, L E AU - Ow, H Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 150 EP - 154 PB - JCPDS - International Centre for Diffraction Data, Newtown Square, PA VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0885-7156, 0885-7156 KW - synchrotron radiation KW - graphite KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - space groups KW - statistical analysis KW - crystal structure KW - native elements KW - powder method KW - least-squares analysis KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51951091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Powder+Diffraction&rft.atitle=Improved+crystallographic+data+for+graphite&rft.au=Howe%2C+J+Y%3BRawn%2C+C+J%3BJones%2C+L+E%3BOw%2C+H&rft.aulast=Howe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Powder+Diffraction&rft.issn=08857156&rft_id=info:doi/10.1154%2F1.1536926 L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/pdj/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal structure; graphite; least-squares analysis; native elements; powder method; space groups; statistical analysis; synchrotron radiation; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1536926 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of illite particle thickness using a direct fourier transform of small-angle X-ray scattering data AN - 51944942; 2003-069976 AB - It has been suggested that interstratified illite-smectite (I-S) minerals are composed of aggregates of fundamental particles. Many attempts have been made to measure the thickness of such fundamental particles, but each of the methods used suffers from its own limitations and uncertainties. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) can be used to measure the thickness of particles that scatter X-rays coherently. We used SAXS to study suspensions of Na-rectorite and other illites with varying proportions of smectite. The scattering intensity (I) was recorded as a function of the scattering vector, q = (4 pi /lambda ) sin(theta /2), where lambda is the X-ray wavelength and theta is the scattering angle. The experimental data were treated with a direct Fourier transform to obtain the pair distance distribution function (PDDF) that was then used to determine the thickness of illite particles. The Guinier and Porod extrapolations were used to obtain the scattering intensity beyond the experimental q, and the effects of such extrapolations on the PDDF were examined. The thickness of independent rectorite particles (used as a reference mineral) is 18.3 A. The SAXS results are compared with those obtained by X-ray diffraction peak broadening methods. It was found that the power-law exponent (alpha ) obtained by fitting the data in the region of q = 0.1-0.6 nm (super -1) to the power law (I = I (sub 0) q (super -alpha ) ) is a linear function of illite particle thickness. Therefore, illite particle thickness could be predicted by the linear relationship as long as the thickness is within the limit where alpha <4.0. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Shang, Chao AU - Rice, James A AU - Eberl, Dennis D AU - Lin, Jar-Shyong Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 293 EP - 300 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - aggregate KW - clay mineralogy KW - data processing KW - smectite KW - illite KW - X-ray spectra KW - clay minerals KW - X-ray data KW - Fourier analysis KW - thickness KW - sheet silicates KW - spectra KW - mixed-layer minerals KW - particles KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51944942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+illite+particle+thickness+using+a+direct+fourier+transform+of+small-angle+X-ray+scattering+data&rft.au=Shang%2C+Chao%3BRice%2C+James+A%3BEberl%2C+Dennis+D%3BLin%2C+Jar-Shyong&rft.aulast=Shang&rft.aufirst=Chao&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/10.1346%2FCCMN.2003.0510305 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cms/ccm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aggregate; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; data processing; Fourier analysis; illite; mixed-layer minerals; particles; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; spectra; thickness; X-ray data; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2003.0510305 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric iron delivery and surface ocean biological activity in the Southern Ocean and Patagonian region AN - 51777033; 2004-085318 AB - Iron is a limiting nutrient for biologic activity in much of the world ocean. We present a method to quantitatively address the response of surface ocean biology to inputs of atmospheric Fe associated with atmospheric dust. We merge two enabling technologies, global models of Earth system processes and satellite derived chlorophyll concentrations to assess the importance of Fe in oceanic biogeochemistry. We present an objective correlation analysis to elucidate the spatial response of chlorophyll to iron flux considering the ocean surface meridional center of mass in areas with high correlation. (modfied journ. abstr.) JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Erickson, David J, III AU - Hernandez, Jose L AU - Ginoux, Paul AU - Gregg, Watson W AU - McClain, C AU - Christian, J Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 12 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Southern Ocean KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - biochemistry KW - atmosphere KW - iron KW - geochemical cycle KW - nutrients KW - South America KW - biogenic processes KW - Patagonia KW - Argentina KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - dust KW - sediments KW - aerosols KW - wind transport KW - productivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51777033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+iron+delivery+and+surface+ocean+biological+activity+in+the+Southern+Ocean+and+Patagonian+region&rft.au=Erickson%2C+David+J%2C+III%3BHernandez%2C+Jose+L%3BGinoux%2C+Paul%3BGregg%2C+Watson+W%3BMcClain%2C+C%3BChristian%2C+J&rft.aulast=Erickson&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003GL017241 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; Argentina; atmosphere; biochemistry; biogenic processes; clastic sediments; dust; experimental studies; geochemical cycle; iron; marine environment; metals; nutrients; Patagonia; productivity; sediments; South America; Southern Ocean; wind transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003GL017241 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integration of fossil energy systems with CO sub(2) sequestration through NH sub(4)HCO sub(3) production AN - 20522326; 5636110 AB - The increasing anthropogenic CO sub(2) emission and global warming (thus climate change) have challenged the United States and other countries to find new and better ways to meet the world's increasing needs for energy while reducing greenhouse gases emissions. Here, we present a practical and revolutionary method that can sequester greenhouse gas emissions and, at the same time, benefit both agriculture and the economy. The proposed strategy utilizes an innovative application of chemical processes to convert CO sub(2), NO sub(x) and SO sub(x) emissions into valuable fertilizers (mainly, NH sub(4)HCO sub(3)) that can enhance sequestration of CO sub(2) into soil and subsoil earth layers, reduce NO super(-) sub(3) contamination of groundwater and stimulate photosynthetic fixation of CO sub(2) from the atmosphere. This invention integrates pollutant removing fertilizer production reactions with coal-fired power plants and other energy operations, resulting in a clean energy system that is in harmony with the earth ecosystem. This technology could contribute importantly to global CO sub(2) sequestration and clean air protection. When this technology is in worldwide use, because of its high efficiency and carbon credit, in addition to the benefit of clean air protection and stimulation of photosynthetic fixation of CO sub(2) fromthe atmosphere, maximally 300 million tons of CO sub(2) per year (equivalent to about 5% of the CO sub(2) emissions from coal-fired power plants in the world) from smokestacks can be placed into soil by the use of this technology. JF - Energy Conversion & Management AU - Lee, J W AU - Li, R AD - Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37381-6194, USA, leejw@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 1535 EP - 1546 VL - 44 IS - 9 SN - 0196-8904, 0196-8904 KW - ammonium nitrate KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Fertilizers KW - Fossil fuels KW - Energy KW - Air pollution control KW - Emission control KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20522326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Conversion+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Integration+of+fossil+energy+systems+with+CO+sub%282%29+sequestration+through+NH+sub%284%29HCO+sub%283%29+production&rft.au=Lee%2C+J+W%3BLi%2C+R&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Conversion+%26+Management&rft.issn=01968904&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fertilizers; Fossil fuels; Energy; Emission control; Air pollution control; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Population Viability Analysis for White Sturgeon in the Snake River, Idaho AN - 19416780; 5800088 AB - Dams on the Snake River (Idaho, Washington, and Oregon) have segregated white sturgeon populations, and many of these are struggling as a result of modified flow, poor water quality, restricted passage, and other factors. To support relicensing efforts for various Snake River hydropower projects, we developed models to investigate how modifications to project operations might affect growth, reproduction, and population viability. We developed a bioenergetics model to evaluate growth and reproductive capacity under different thermal and flow regimes. Reach-specific conditions caused marked differences in growth, age at first maturity, and fecundity. We also developed a meta-population model to perform a population viability analysis on the entire Snake River population. The PVA model was used to investigate 1) which factors have the greatest influence on recruitment, 2) how habitat fragmentation influences populations, and 3) the effectiveness of potential mitigative and restoration options. The most important factors limiting recruitment varied among reaches and included poor water quality, harvest, and larval export. Important aspects of fragmentation included the creation of smaller populations, reduction in riverine habitat, and disruption in migration. We used the model to evaluate various mitigation measures. JF - Global Threats to Large Lakes: Managing in an Environment of Instability and Unpredictability AU - Bevelhimer AU - Jager, H Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 1 EP - 26 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research, 2205 Commonwealth Boulevard Ann Arbor MI 48105 USA KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Age KW - Age at recruitment KW - maturity KW - Regulated Rivers KW - hydroelectric power KW - Freshwater KW - Water quality KW - USA, Washington, Snake R. KW - habitat fragmentation KW - fecundity KW - USA, Washington KW - mitigation KW - Lakes KW - Acipenser KW - Dams KW - USA, Idaho, Snake R. KW - recruitment KW - Sturgeon KW - USA, Oregon KW - Dam Effects KW - Growth rate KW - Rivers KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Hydroelectric Power KW - migration KW - exports KW - Conferences KW - Recruitment KW - Water Quality KW - Larvae KW - bioenergetics KW - Habitat KW - USA, Idaho, Sawtooth Valley, Snake R. KW - USA, Idaho KW - Fecundity KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Habitat improvement KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Reproduction KW - Fish Populations KW - Environment management KW - Fish Migration KW - Q1 08421:Migrations and rhythms KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19416780?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bevelhimer%3BJager%2C+H&rft.aulast=Bevelhimer&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Population+Viability+Analysis+for+White+Sturgeon+in+the+Snake+River%2C+Idaho&rft.title=Population+Viability+Analysis+for+White+Sturgeon+in+the+Snake+River%2C+Idaho&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microarrays for bacterial detection and microbial community analysis AN - 18952934; 5702077 AB - Several types of microarrays have recently been developed and evaluated for bacterial detection and microbial community analysis. These studies demonstrated that specific, sensitive and quantitative detection could be obtained with both functional gene arrays and community genome arrays. Although single-base mismatch can be differentiated with phylogenetic oligonucleotide arrays, reliable specific detection at the single-base level is still problematic. Microarray-based hybridization approaches are also useful for defining genome diversity and bacterial relatedness. However, more rigorous and systematic assessment and development are needed to realize the full potential of microarrays for microbial detection and community analysis. JF - Current Opinion in Microbiology AU - Zhou, Jizhong AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 288 EP - 294 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1369-5274, 1369-5274 KW - DNA microarrays KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Bacteria KW - Hybridization analysis KW - Community structure KW - Reviews KW - DNA KW - Taxonomy KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18952934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Microarrays+for+bacterial+detection+and+microbial+community+analysis&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Jizhong&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Jizhong&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Opinion+in+Microbiology&rft.issn=13695274&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1369-5274%2803%2900052-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews; Bacteria; Community structure; Hybridization analysis; DNA; Taxonomy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1369-5274(03)00052-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular Diversity of Denitrifying Genes in Continental Margin Sediments within the Oxygen-Deficient Zone off the Pacific Coast of Mexico AN - 18866646; 5680196 AB - To understand the composition and structure of denitrifying communities in the oxygen-deficient zone off the Pacific coast of Mexico, the molecular diversity of nir genes from sediments obtained at four stations was examined by using a PCR-based cloning approach. A total of 50 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) for nirK and 82 OTUs for nirS were obtained from all samples. Forty-four of the nirS clones and 31 of the nirK clones were sequenced; the levels of similarity of the nirS clones were 52 to 92%, and the levels of similarity of the nirS clones were 50 to 99%. The percentages of overlapping OTUs between stations were 18 to 30% for nirS and 5 to 8% for nirK. Sequence analysis revealed that 26% of the nirS clones were related to the nirS genes of Alcaligenes faecalis (80 to 94% similar) and Pseudomonas stutzeri (80 to 99%), whereas 3 to 31% of the nirK clones were closely related to the nirK genes of Pseudomonas sp. strain G-179 (98 to 99%), Bradyrhizobium japonicum (91%), Blastobacter denitrificans (83%), and Alcaligenes xylosoxidans (96%). The rest of the clones, however, were less than 80% similar to nirS and nirK sequences available in sequence databases. The results of a principal-component analysis (PCA) based on the percentage of OTUs and biogeochemical data indicated that the nitrate concentration and oxygen have an effect on the denitrifying communities. The communities at the stations in oxygen-deficient zones were more similar than the communities at the stations in the oxygenated zone. The denitrifying communities were more similar at the stations that were closer together and had similar nitrate levels. Also, the results of PCA based on biogeochemical properties suggest that geographic location and biogeochemical conditions, especially the nitrate and oxygen levels, appear to be the key factors that control the structure of denitrifying communities. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Liu, X AU - Tiquia, S M AU - Holguin, G AU - Wu, L AU - Nold, S C AU - Devol, AH AU - Luo, K AU - Palumbo, A V AU - Tiedje, J M AU - Zhou, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 3549 EP - 3560 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 69 IS - 6 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Operational Taxonomic Units KW - Principal-component analysis KW - anoxic environments KW - nirK gene KW - nirS gene KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Nitrate KW - Pseudomonas stutzeri KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Genetic diversity KW - Pseudomonas KW - Population genetics KW - Genes KW - Denitrification KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Clones KW - Marine KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Blastobacter denitrificans KW - Nitrates KW - Ecological associations KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Sediments KW - Anoxic sediments KW - Oxygen KW - Alcaligenes faecalis KW - Community composition KW - Mexico KW - Microorganisms KW - ISE, Mexico KW - Bradyrhizobium japonicum KW - Sediment composition KW - Continental margins KW - Q1 08443:Population genetics KW - G 07270:Ecological genetics KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies KW - J 02905:Water KW - D 04620:Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18866646?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Molecular+Diversity+of+Denitrifying+Genes+in+Continental+Margin+Sediments+within+the+Oxygen-Deficient+Zone+off+the+Pacific+Coast+of+Mexico&rft.au=Liu%2C+X%3BTiquia%2C+S+M%3BHolguin%2C+G%3BWu%2C+L%3BNold%2C+S+C%3BDevol%2C+AH%3BLuo%2C+K%3BPalumbo%2C+A+V%3BTiedje%2C+J+M%3BZhou%2C+J&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.69.6.3549-3560.2003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clones; Sediment chemistry; Ecological associations; Nitrates; Biogeochemical cycle; Genetic diversity; Anoxic sediments; Population genetics; Community composition; Genes; Denitrification; Microorganisms; Polymerase chain reaction; Sediment composition; Continental margins; Nitrate; Oxygen; Nucleotide sequence; Sediments; Alcaligenes faecalis; Blastobacter denitrificans; Pseudomonas stutzeri; Pseudomonas; Bradyrhizobium japonicum; Mexico; ISE, Mexico; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.6.3549-3560.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The climatic impacts of land surface change and carbon management, and the implications for climate-change mitigation policy AN - 16167790; 5693400 AB - Strategies to mitigate anthropogenic climate change recognize that carbon sequestration in the terrestrial biosphere can reduce the build-up of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere. However, climate mitigation policies do not generally incorporate the effects of these changes in the land surface on the surface albedo, the fluxes of sensible and latent heat to the atmosphere, and the distribution of energy within the climate system. Changes in these components of the surface energy budget can affect the local, regional, and global climate. Given the goal of mitigating climate change, it is important to consider all of the effects of changes in terrestrial vegetation and to work toward a better understanding of the full climate system. Acknowledging the importance of land surface change as a component of climate change makes it more challenging to create a system of credits and debits wherein emission or sequestration of carbon in the biosphere is equated with emission of carbon from fossil fuels. Recognition of the complexity of human-caused changes in climate does not, however, weaken the importance of actions that would seek to minimize our disturbance of the Earth's environmental system and that would reduce societal and ecological vulnerability to environmental change and variability. JF - Climate Policy AU - Marland, G AU - Pielke, RA Sr AU - Apps, M AU - Avissar, R AU - Betts, R A AU - Davis, K J AU - Frumhoff, P C AU - Jackson, ST AU - Joyce, LA AU - Kauppi, P AU - Katzenberger, J AU - MacDicken, K G AU - Neilson, R P AU - Niles, JO AU - Niyogi, DDS AU - Norby, R J AU - Pena, N AU - Sampson, N AU - Xue, Y AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA, gum@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 149 EP - 157 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1469-3062, 1469-3062 KW - carbon sequestration KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Climate change KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Land use change KW - Land surface change KW - Surface energy balance KW - Climatic changes KW - Climatic change prevention KW - Carbon dioxide effects on climate KW - environmental policy KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16167790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Policy&rft.atitle=The+climatic+impacts+of+land+surface+change+and+carbon+management%2C+and+the+implications+for+climate-change+mitigation+policy&rft.au=Marland%2C+G%3BPielke%2C+RA+Sr%3BApps%2C+M%3BAvissar%2C+R%3BBetts%2C+R+A%3BDavis%2C+K+J%3BFrumhoff%2C+P+C%3BJackson%2C+ST%3BJoyce%2C+LA%3BKauppi%2C+P%3BKatzenberger%2C+J%3BMacDicken%2C+K+G%3BNeilson%2C+R+P%3BNiles%2C+JO%3BNiyogi%2C+DDS%3BNorby%2C+R+J%3BPena%2C+N%3BSampson%2C+N%3BXue%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Marland&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Policy&rft.issn=14693062&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1469-3062%2803%2900028-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climatic change prevention; Carbon dioxide effects on climate; Climatic changes; environmental policy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1469-3062(03)00028-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The dual influences of dissolved organic carbon on hypolimnetic metabolism: organic substrate and photosynthetic reduction AN - 1521402544; 5691359 AB - We investigated the effect of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on hypolimnetic metabolism (accumulation of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and methane (CH sub(4))) in 21 lakes across a gradient of DOC concentrations (308 to 1540 mu mol C L super(-1)). The highly colored nature of the DOC in these lakes suggests it is mostly of terrestrial origin. Hypolimnetic methane accumulation was positively correlated with epilimnetic DOC concentration (Spearman rank correlation = 0.67; p 800 mu mol L super(-1) were completely anoxic and often had high CH sub(4) concentrations. Thus, DOC affects hypolimnetic metabolism via multiple pathways: DOC was significant in supporting hypolimnetic metabolism; and at high concentrations depressed photosynthesis (and therefore oxygen production and DIC consumption) in the hypolimnion. JF - Biogeochemistry AU - Houser, J N AU - Bade, D L AU - Cole, J J AU - Pace, M L AD - Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 680 N. Park Street, Madison, 53706, USA; Current address: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, Oak Ridge, 37831-6036, USA, houserjnrnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 247 EP - 269 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Photosynthesis KW - Dissolved inorganic carbon KW - Organic carbon KW - Limnology KW - Freshwater KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Lakes KW - Substrates KW - Dissolved organic carbon KW - Hypolimnion KW - Methane KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Metabolism KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - Q2 09184:Composition of water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1521402544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry&rft.atitle=The+dual+influences+of+dissolved+organic+carbon+on+hypolimnetic+metabolism%3A+organic+substrate+and+photosynthetic+reduction&rft.au=Houser%2C+J+N%3BBade%2C+D+L%3BCole%2C+J+J%3BPace%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Houser&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Photosynthesis; Biogeochemistry; Dissolved inorganic carbon; Physicochemical properties; Organic carbon; Limnology; Dissolved oxygen; Lakes; Substrates; Dissolved organic carbon; Hypolimnion; Metabolism; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complete degradation of perchlorate in ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid under controlled temperature and pressure. AN - 73332765; 12785539 AB - Despite favorable thermodynamics, the reduction of perchlorate (ClO4-) is kinetically limited in aqueous media because of its high activation energy. In this paper, a new methodology has been presented for degrading ClO4- in an FeCl3-HCl solution at an elevated temperature (< 200 degrees C) and/or pressure (approximately 20 atm). Results indicate that the rate constant for the pseudo-first-order reaction between ClO4- and ferrous Fe(II) (in excess) increased nearly 3 orders of magnitude when the temperature was increased from 110 to 195 degrees C, and a complete reduction of ClO4- occurred in < 1 h at 195 degrees C in the FeCl3-HCl solution. The activation energy of the reaction was calculated to be about 120 kJ/mol. Additionally, a flow-through reactor was constructed based on the batch kinetic measurements, and a nearly complete degradation of ClO4- was observed under continuous-flow mode. Because the FeCl3-HCl solution has been successfully used in regenerating selective anion-exchange resins sorbed with ClO4- during water treatment, this new methodology offers a cost-effective means to degrade ClO4- while not altering the chemical properties of the FeCl3-HCl regenerant solution so it can be reused, eliminating the production of secondary wastes. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Dong, Weijin AU - Brown, Gilbert M AU - Cole, David R AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6036, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA. b26@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/05/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 May 15 SP - 2291 EP - 2295 VL - 37 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Anion Exchange Resins KW - 0 KW - Chlorides KW - Ferric Compounds KW - Perchlorates KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Hydrochloric Acid KW - QTT17582CB KW - ferric chloride KW - U38V3ZVV3V KW - Index Medicus KW - Kinetics KW - Temperature KW - Pressure KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid -- instrumentation KW - Ferric Compounds -- chemistry KW - Perchlorates -- chemistry KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid -- methods KW - Hydrochloric Acid -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73332765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Complete+degradation+of+perchlorate+in+ferric+chloride+and+hydrochloric+acid+under+controlled+temperature+and+pressure.&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BDong%2C+Weijin%3BBrown%2C+Gilbert+M%3BCole%2C+David+R&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=2003-05-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-09-12 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Environ Sci Technol. 2004 Mar 15;38(6):1918; author reply 1919-20 [15074709] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term decline in carbon dioxide supersaturation in rivers across the contiguous United States AN - 51797125; 2004-073579 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Jones, Jeremy B, Jr AU - Stanley, Emily H AU - Mulholland, Patrick J Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 10 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - photosynthesis KW - concentration KW - human activity KW - biochemistry KW - rivers and streams KW - photochemistry KW - atmosphere KW - ecosystems KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - provenance KW - saturation KW - dissolved materials KW - partial pressure KW - carbon KW - organic carbon KW - discharge KW - productivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51797125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Long-term+decline+in+carbon+dioxide+supersaturation+in+rivers+across+the+contiguous+United+States&rft.au=Jones%2C+Jeremy+B%2C+Jr%3BStanley%2C+Emily+H%3BMulholland%2C+Patrick+J&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003GL017056 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; biochemistry; carbon; carbon dioxide; concentration; discharge; dissolved materials; ecosystems; ground water; human activity; hydrology; organic carbon; partial pressure; photochemistry; photosynthesis; productivity; provenance; rivers and streams; saturation; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003GL017056 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent advances in airborne survey technology yield performance approaching ground-based surveys AN - 50895886; 2003-045366 JF - Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) AU - Doll, W E AU - Gamey, T J AU - Beard, L P AU - Bell, D T AU - Holladay, J S Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 420 EP - 425 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 22 IS - 5 SN - 1070-485X, 1070-485X KW - United States KW - mineral exploration KW - Global Positioning System KW - technology KW - geophysical methods KW - magnetic methods KW - magnetic anomalies KW - unexploded ordnance KW - Badlands National Park KW - magnetometers KW - explosives KW - applications KW - military facilities KW - total field magnetometer systems KW - South Dakota KW - ORAGS boom-mounted magnetometer KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50895886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.atitle=Recent+advances+in+airborne+survey+technology+yield+performance+approaching+ground-based+surveys&rft.au=Doll%2C+W+E%3BGamey%2C+T+J%3BBeard%2C+L+P%3BBell%2C+D+T%3BHolladay%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Doll&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=420&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.issn=1070485X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; applications; Badlands National Park; explosives; geophysical methods; Global Positioning System; magnetic anomalies; magnetic methods; magnetometers; military facilities; mineral exploration; ORAGS boom-mounted magnetometer; South Dakota; technology; total field magnetometer systems; unexploded ordnance; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport of multiple tracers in variably saturated humid region structured soils and semi-arid region laminated sediments AN - 18912960; 5694228 AB - The processes governing physical nonequilibrium (PNE)--coupled preferential flow and matrix diffusion--are diverse between humid and semi-arid regions, and are directly related to climate and rock/sediment type, and indirectly related to subsequent soil profile development. The fate and transport of contaminants in these variably saturated undisturbed media is largely a function of the influence of PNE processes. Large cores of laminated silts and sands were collected from the US Department of Energy Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in semi-arid south central Washington. Additional cores of weathered, fractured interbedded limestone and shale saprolite were collected from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in humid eastern Tennessee. PNNL cores were collected parallel (FBP) and perpendicular (FXB) to bedding, and the ORNL core was 30 degree to bedding. Saturated and unsaturated transport experiments were performed using multiple nonreactive tracers that had different diffusion coefficients (Br super(-), PFBA, and PIPES), in order to identify the influence of PNE on the fate and transport of solutes. In the ORNL structured saprolite, solute transport was governed by coupled preferential flow and matrix diffusion, as evidenced by tracer separation and highly asymmetric breakthrough curves (BTC). BTCs became more symmetric as preferential flowpaths became inactive during drainage. Tracer separation persisted during unsaturated flow suggesting the continued importance of nonequilibrium mass transfer between flowpaths and the immobile water that was held in the soil matrix. No evidence of PNE was observed under near-saturated conditions in the semi-arid region (PNNL) laminated silts and sands. Unsaturated flow in cores with discontinuous layering resulted in preferential flow and the development of perched, immobile water as evidenced by early breakthrough and separation of tracers. Conversely, transport parallel to laterally continuous beds did not result in preferential flow, the development of perched water, or tracer separation regardless of water content. These observations suggested that desaturation had two effects: (1) grain size variations between individual beds resulted in different antecedent water contents, and (2) the exchange of water and solutes between individual sedimentary beds was subsequently inhibited. Under unsaturated conditions, these effects may promote either stable lateral flow, or unstable vertical finger flow coupled with the development of perched, immobile water. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Mayes, MA AU - Jardine, P M AU - Mehlhorn, T L AU - Bjornstad, B N AU - Ladd, J L AU - Zachara, J M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, zk5@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 141 EP - 161 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 275 IS - 3-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - USA, Tennessee KW - USA, Washington KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0845:Water in soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18912960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Transport+of+multiple+tracers+in+variably+saturated+humid+region+structured+soils+and+semi-arid+region+laminated+sediments&rft.au=Mayes%2C+MA%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BMehlhorn%2C+T+L%3BBjornstad%2C+B+N%3BLadd%2C+J+L%3BZachara%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Mayes&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=275&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0022-1694%2803%2900039-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00039-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of Bacterial U(VI) Reduction by Calcium AN - 18792536; 5652951 AB - The rapid kinetics of bacterial U(VI) reduction and low solubility of uraninite (UO sub(2,Cr)) make this process an attractive option for removing uranium from groundwater. Nevertheless, conditions that may promote or inhibit U(VI) reduction are not well-defined. Recent descriptions of Ca-UO sub(2)-CO sub(3) complexes indicate that these species may dominate the aqueous speciation of U(VI) in many environments. We monitored the bacterial reduction of U(VI)in bicarbonate-buffered solution in the presence and absence of Ca. XAFS measurements confirmed the presence of a Ca-U(VI)-CO sub(3) complex in the initial solutions containing calcium. Calcium, at millimolar concentrations (0.45-5 mM), caused a significant decrease in the rate and extent of bacterial U(VI) reduction. Both facultative (Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN32) and obligate (Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, Geobacter sulfurreducens) anaerobic bacteria were affected by the presence of calcium. Reduction of U(VI) ceased when the calculated system E sub(h) reached -0.046 plus or minus 0.001 V, based on the Ca sub(2)UO sub(2)(CO sub(3)) sub(3) arrow right UO sub(2,cr) couple. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that U is a less energetically favorable electron acceptor when the Ca-UO sub(2)-CO sub(3) complexes are present. The results do not support Ca inhibition caused by direct interactions with the cells or with the electron donor as the reduction of fumarate or Tc(VII)O sub(4) super(-) under identical conditions was unaffected by the presence of Ca. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Brooks, S C AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Carroll, S L AU - Kennedy, D W AU - Zachara, J M AU - Plymale, A E AU - Kelly, S D AU - Kemner, K M AU - Fendorf, S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, brookssc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/05/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 May 01 SP - 1850 EP - 1858 VL - 37 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Reduction KW - Calcium KW - Uranium KW - Kinetics KW - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - Solutions KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18792536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+Bacterial+U%28VI%29+Reduction+by+Calcium&rft.au=Brooks%2C+S+C%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BCarroll%2C+S+L%3BKennedy%2C+D+W%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BPlymale%2C+A+E%3BKelly%2C+S+D%3BKemner%2C+K+M%3BFendorf%2C+S&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1850&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes0210042 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reduction; Calcium; Kinetics; Uranium; Solutions; Desulfovibrio desulfuricans; Shewanella putrefaciens DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0210042 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The roles of natural organic matter in chemical and microbial reduction of ferric iron AN - 16152359; 5605857 AB - Although natural organic matter (NOM) is known to be redox reactive, the roles and effectiveness of specific functional groups of NOM in metal reduction are still a subject of intense investigation. This study entails the investigation of the Fe(III) reduction kinetics and capacity by three fractionated NOM subcomponents in the presence or absence of the dissimilatory metal reducing bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens CN32. Results indicate that NOM was able to reduce Fe(III) abiotically; the reduction was pH-dependent and varied greatly with different fractions of NOM. The polyphenolic-rich NOM-PP fraction exhibited the highest reactivity and oxidation capacity at a low pH (4, soil HA showed a relatively high oxidation capacity, probably resulting from its conformational and solubility changes with an increased solution pH. In the presence of S. putrefaciens CN32, all NOM fractions were found to enhance the microbial reduction of Fe(III) under anaerobic, circumneutral pH conditions. Soil HA was found to be particularly effective in mediating the bioreduction of Fe(III) as compared with the NOM-PP or NOM-CH fractions. NOM-CH was the least effective because it was depleted in both aromatic and polyphenolic organic contents. However, because both soil HA and NOM-PP contain relatively high amounts of aromatic and phenolic compounds, results may indicate that low-molecular-weight polyphenolic organics in NOM-PP were less effective in mediating the bioreduction of Fe(III) at circumneutral pH than the high-molecular-weight polycondensed, conjugated aromatics present in soil HA. These research findings may shed additional light in understanding of the roles and underlying mechanisms of NOM reactions with contaminant metals, radionuclides, and other toxic chemicals in the natural environment. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Chen, J AU - Gu, B AU - Royer, R A AU - Burgos, W D AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, b26@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 167 EP - 178 VL - 307 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - ferric iron KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Humic substances KW - Fe(III) reduction KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - NOM oxidation capacity KW - Biodegradation KW - Chemical degradation KW - Heavy metals KW - Anaerobic microorganisms KW - Soil KW - Reduction KW - phenolic compounds KW - pH effects KW - Metals KW - Solubility KW - Organic matter KW - Anaerobic conditions KW - Soils (acid) KW - Humic acids KW - Kinetics KW - Oxidation KW - Radioisotopes KW - Contaminants KW - Iron KW - Aromatics KW - A 01047:General KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16152359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=The+roles+of+natural+organic+matter+in+chemical+and+microbial+reduction+of+ferric+iron&rft.au=Chen%2C+J%3BGu%2C+B%3BRoyer%2C+R+A%3BBurgos%2C+W+D&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=307&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0048-9697%2802%2900538-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Solubility; Heavy metals; Organic matter; Anaerobic microorganisms; Anaerobic conditions; Soil; Reduction; Soils (acid); Humic acids; Kinetics; Oxidation; Radioisotopes; phenolic compounds; Contaminants; pH effects; Iron; Aromatics; Chemical degradation; Biodegradation; Shewanella putrefaciens DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00538-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Making Decisions about Hazardous Waste Remediation When Even Considering a Remediation Technology Is Controversial AN - 16169142; 5688703 AB - This paper investigates the circumstances under which proposed hazardous waste remediation technologies are socially acceptable, that is, considered seriously as options in a public arena. First, it summarizes a conceptual framework that guides investigation and interpretation of site-specific remediation decision-making. Second, it describes an initial application of that framework to the public participation venue of U.S. DOE Site-Specific Advisory Boards. Investigating the attributes of involved parties and of site context highlights technology acceptability as social decision-making that involves technical and technological issues rather than as a process driven by the technology itself. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Wolfe, A K AU - Bjornstad, D J AU - Kerchner, N D AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6205, USA, wolfeak@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/04/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Apr 15 SP - 1485 EP - 1492 VL - 37 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Sociology KW - Remediation KW - decision making KW - Hazardous wastes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16169142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Making+Decisions+about+Hazardous+Waste+Remediation+When+Even+Considering+a+Remediation+Technology+Is+Controversial&rft.au=Wolfe%2C+A+K%3BBjornstad%2C+D+J%3BKerchner%2C+N+D&rft.aulast=Wolfe&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-04-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1485&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes015659z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sociology; Remediation; decision making; Hazardous wastes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es015659z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon and hydrogen isotope fractionations associated with dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria AN - 51983705; 2003-040666 AB - Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN-32 and Shewanella algae strain BrY were grown in laboratory cultures at 30 degrees C to characterize carbon and hydrogen isotope fractionation patterns related to the growth of iron-reducing bacteria. Ferric citrate or hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) was provided as the electron acceptor and lactate or H (sub 2) (balanced with CO (sub 2) ) was used as the electron donor. Because these bacteria are not known to grow chemoautotrophically, yeast extract was provided as a carbon source when cultures were grown on H (sub 2) /CO (sub 2) . Siderite formed only when HFO was used as the electron acceptor, possibly because of chelation of ferrous iron with dissolved citrate when ferric citrate was used as the electron acceptor. Carbon isotope enrichment factors for the siderite-CO (sub 2) system (epsilon (sub sid-CO2) ) ranged from 13.3 per mil to 14.5 per mil when lactate was used as the carbon and energy source, which were consistent with theoretical calculations of equilibrium isotope fractionation (alpha (sub sid-CO2) ) for the siderite-CO (sub 2) system [Geochim. Int. 18 (1981) 85]. In experiments using H (sub 2) /CO (sub 2) as the energy source and yeast extract as the carbon source, carbon isotope enrichment factors were relatively low (0.5 per mil to 7.4 per mil). The potential exists that a kinetic effect related to siderite precipitation rate influenced isotope partitioning or a dynamic balance was established between carbon sinks (i.e. biomass and solid carbonate) of diverging carbon isotope composition. A more quantitative estimate of epsilon (sub sid-CO2) for biological systems that contain ambient dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) requires a deeper understanding of carbon flow dynamics in these compartmentalized closed systems.Finally, in experiments using H (sub 2) /CO (sub 2) as an energy source, the hydrogen isotope composition of head gas H (sub 2) and water were analyzed for D/H ratio. The results indicate that bacterial metabolism potentially facilitates isotope exchange between water and H (sub 2) . JF - Chemical Geology AU - Romanek, Christopher S AU - Zhang, Chuanlun L AU - Li, Yiliang AU - Horita, Juske AU - Vali, H AU - Cole, David R AU - Phelps, Tommy J A2 - Lyons, Timothy W. A2 - Zhang, Chuanlun L. A2 - Romanek, Christopher S. Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 5 EP - 16 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 195 IS - 1-4 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - iron-reducing bacteria KW - isotope fractionation KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - stable isotopes KW - Shewanella KW - iron KW - laboratory studies KW - carbon KW - reduction KW - deuterium KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Eh KW - citrate KW - experimental studies KW - isotope ratios KW - biochemistry KW - C-13/C-12 KW - TEM data KW - Shewanella algae KW - siderite KW - biogenic processes KW - D/H KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - bacteria KW - carbonates KW - microorganisms KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51983705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Carbon+and+hydrogen+isotope+fractionations+associated+with+dissimilatory+iron-reducing+bacteria&rft.au=Romanek%2C+Christopher+S%3BZhang%2C+Chuanlun+L%3BLi%2C+Yiliang%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BVali%2C+H%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J&rft.aulast=Romanek&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=195&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2802%2900385-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; biogenic processes; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbonates; citrate; D/H; deuterium; Eh; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydrogen; iron; iron-reducing bacteria; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; laboratory studies; metals; microorganisms; pH; reduction; Shewanella; Shewanella algae; Shewanella putrefaciens; siderite; stable isotopes; TEM data; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00385-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluorescent gibbsite from Yunnan Province, China AN - 51722310; 2005-032612 JF - Rocks and Minerals AU - Lawrence, William T AU - Lauf, Robert J AU - Barker, Dixie L Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 110 EP - 111 PB - Heldref Publications, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 2 SN - 0035-7529, 0035-7529 KW - collecting KW - Far East KW - sulfates KW - popular geology KW - botryoidal habit KW - fluorescence KW - gypsum KW - energy dispersive spectra KW - Yunnan China KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - gibbsite KW - Asia KW - SEM data KW - China KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51722310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rocks+and+Minerals&rft.atitle=Fluorescent+gibbsite+from+Yunnan+Province%2C+China&rft.au=Lawrence%2C+William+T%3BLauf%2C+Robert+J%3BBarker%2C+Dixie+L&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rocks+and+Minerals&rft.issn=00357529&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.rocksandminerals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ROCMAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; botryoidal habit; China; collecting; energy dispersive spectra; Far East; fluorescence; gibbsite; gypsum; oxides; popular geology; SEM data; spectra; sulfates; Yunnan China ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emerging Use of Gene Expression Microarrays in Plant Physiology AN - 19602311; 8517805 AB - Microarrays have become an important technology for the global analysis of gene expression in humans, animals, plants, and microbes. Implemented in the context of a well-designed experiment, cDNA and oligonucleotide arrays can provide highthroughput, simultaneous analysis of transcript abundance for hundreds, if not thousands, of genes. However, despite widespread acceptance, the use of microarrays as a tool to better understand processes of interest to the plant physiologist is still being explored. To help illustrate current uses of microarrays in the plant sciences, several case studies that we believe demonstrate the emerging application of gene expression arrays in plant physiology were selected from among the many posters and presentations at the 2003 Plant and Animal Genome XI Conference. Based on this survey, microarrays are being used to assess gene expression in plants exposed to the experimental manipulation of air temperature, soil water content and aluminium concentration in the root zone. Analysis often includes characterizing transcript profiles for multiple post-treatment sampling periods and categorizing genes with common patterns of response using hierarchical clustering techniques. In addition, microarrays are also providing insights into developmental changes in gene expression associated with fibre and root elongation in cotton and maize, respectively. Technical and analytical limitations of microarrays are discussed and projects attempting to advance areas of microarray design and data analysis are highlighted. Finally, although much work remains, we conclude that microarrays are a valuable tool for the plant physiologist interested in the characterization and identification of individual genes and gene families with potential application in the fields of agriculture, horticulture and forestry. JF - Comparative and Functional Genomics AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Difazio, Stephen P Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 216 EP - 224 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1531-6912, 1531-6912 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Data processing KW - Cotton KW - Conferences KW - Abundance KW - Developmental stages KW - Transcription KW - Roots KW - Horticulture KW - Water content KW - Gene families KW - DNA microarrays KW - Air temperature KW - Soil KW - Gene expression KW - Elongation KW - Zea mays KW - Aluminum KW - Sampling KW - Forestry KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19602311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.atitle=Emerging+Use+of+Gene+Expression+Microarrays+in+Plant+Physiology&rft.au=Wullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BDifazio%2C+Stephen+P&rft.aulast=Wullschleger&rft.aufirst=Stan&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=216&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.issn=15316912&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcfg.277 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Cotton; Data processing; Conferences; Abundance; Roots; Transcription; Developmental stages; Horticulture; Gene families; Water content; DNA microarrays; Air temperature; Gene expression; Soil; Elongation; Aluminum; Sampling; Forestry; Zea mays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cfg.277 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CUBIC: Identification of regulatory binding sites through data clustering AN - 18769406; 5646426 AB - Transcription factor binding sites are short fragments in the upstream regions of genes, to which transcription factors bind to regulate the transcription of genes into mRNA. Computational identification of transcription factor binding sites remains an unsolved challenging problem though a great amount of effort has been put into the study of this problem. We have recently developed a novel technique for identification of binding sites from a set of upstream regions of genes, that could possibly be transcriptionally co-regulated and hence might share similar transcription factor binding sites. By utilizing two key features of such binding sites (i.e. their high sequence similarities and their relatively high frequencies compared to other sequence fragments), we have formulated this problem as a cluster identification problem. That is to identify and extract data clusters from a noisy background. While the classical data clustering problem (partitioning a data set into clusters sharing common or similar features) has been extensively studied, there is no general algorithm for solving the problem of identifying data clusters from a noisy background. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm for solving such a problem. We have proved that a cluster identification problem, under our definition, can be rigorously and efficiently solved through searching for substrings with special properties in a linear sequence. We have also developed a method for assessing the statistical significance of each identified cluster, which can be used to rule out accidental data clusters. We have implemented the cluster identification algorithm and the statistical significance analysis method as a computer software CUBIC. Extensive testing on CUBIC has been carried out. We present here a few applications of CUBIC on challenging cases of binding site identification. JF - Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology AU - Olman, V AU - Xu, Dong AU - Xu, Ying AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6480, USA, xyn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 21 EP - 40 VL - 1 IS - 1 SN - 0219-7200, 0219-7200 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18769406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bioinformatics+and+Computational+Biology&rft.atitle=CUBIC%3A+Identification+of+regulatory+binding+sites+through+data+clustering&rft.au=Olman%2C+V%3BXu%2C+Dong%3BXu%2C+Ying&rft.aulast=Olman&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bioinformatics+and+Computational+Biology&rft.issn=02197200&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transcriptome dynamics of Deinococcus radiodurans recovering from ionizing radiation AN - 18708275; 5597999 AB - Deinococcus radiodurans R1 (DEIRA) is a bacterium best known for its extreme resistance to the lethal effects of ionizing radiation, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenotype remain poorly understood. To define the repertoire of DEIRA genes responding to acute irradiation (15 kGy), transcriptome dynamics were examined in cells representing early, middle, and late phases of recovery by using DNA microarrays covering [approx]94% of its predicted genes. At least at one time point during DEIRA recovery, 832 genes (28% of the genome) were induced and 451 genes (15%) were repressed 2-fold or more. The expression patterns of the majority of the induced genes resemble the previously characterized expression profile of recA after irradiation. DEIRA recA, which is central to genomic restoration after irradiation, is substantially up-regulated on DNA damage (early phase) and down-regulated before the onset of exponential growth (late phase). Many other genes were expressed later in recovery, displaying a growth-related pattern of induction. Genes induced in the early phase of recovery included those involved in DNA replication, repair, and recombination, cell wall metabolism, cellular transport, and many encoding uncharacterized proteins. Collectively, the microarray data suggest that DEIRA cells efficiently coordinate their recovery by a complex network, within which both DNA repair and metabolic functions play critical roles. Components of this network include a predicted distinct ATP-dependent DNA ligase and metabolic pathway switching that could prevent additional genomic damage elicited by metabolism-induced free radicals. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Liu, Y AU - Zhou, J AU - Omelchenko, M V AU - Beliaev, A S AU - Venkateswaran, A AU - Stair, J AU - Wu, L AU - Thompson, D K AU - Xu, D AU - Rogozin, IB AU - Gaidamakova, E K AU - Zhai, M AU - Makarova, K S AU - Koonin, E V AU - Daly, MJ AD - Environmental Sciences and Life Sciences Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/04/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Apr 01 SP - 4191 EP - 4196 VL - 100 IS - 7 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - DNA microarrays KW - recA gene KW - transcriptomes KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - J 02726:RNA and ribosomes KW - N 14555:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18708275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Transcriptome+dynamics+of+Deinococcus+radiodurans+recovering+from+ionizing+radiation&rft.au=Liu%2C+Y%3BZhou%2C+J%3BOmelchenko%2C+M+V%3BBeliaev%2C+A+S%3BVenkateswaran%2C+A%3BStair%2C+J%3BWu%2C+L%3BThompson%2C+D+K%3BXu%2C+D%3BRogozin%2C+IB%3BGaidamakova%2C+E+K%3BZhai%2C+M%3BMakarova%2C+K+S%3BKoonin%2C+E+V%3BDaly%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.0630387100 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0630387100 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing soil organic carbon in agriculture: the net effect on greenhouse gas emissions AN - 17118363; 6592832 AB - abstract: A change in agricultural practice can increase carbon sequestration in agricultural soils. To know the net effect on greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere, however, we consider associated changes in CO sub(2) emissions resulting from the consumption of fossil fuels, emissions of other greenhouse gases and effects on land productivity and crop yield. We also consider how these factors will evolve over time. A change from conventional tillage to no-till agriculture, based on data for average practice in the U.S., will result in net carbon sequestration in the soil that averages 337 kg C ha super(-1) yr super(-1) for the initial 20 yr with a decline to near zero in the following 20 yr, and continuing savings in CO sub(2) emissions because of reduced use of fossil fuels. The long-term results, considering all factors, can generally be expected to show decreased net greenhouse gas emissions. The quantitative details, however, depend on the site-specific impact of the conversion from conventional to no-till agriculture on agricultural yield and N sub(2)O emissions from nitrogen fertilizer. JF - Tellus. Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology AU - Marland, Gregg AU - West, Tristram O AU - Schlamadinger, Bernhard AU - Canella, Lorenza AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, marlandgh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 613 EP - 621 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 55 IS - 2 SN - 0280-6509, 0280-6509 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Fossil fuels KW - Organic carbon KW - Crop yield KW - Emission control KW - Atmosphere KW - Crops KW - Carbon sequestration KW - USA KW - Fertilizers KW - Nitrogen fertilization effects KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Organic carbon in soil KW - Nitrogen KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17118363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tellus.+Series+B%3A+Chemical+and+Physical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Managing+soil+organic+carbon+in+agriculture%3A+the+net+effect+on+greenhouse+gas+emissions&rft.au=Marland%2C+Gregg%3BWest%2C+Tristram+O%3BSchlamadinger%2C+Bernhard%3BCanella%2C+Lorenza&rft.aulast=Marland&rft.aufirst=Gregg&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=613&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tellus.+Series+B%3A+Chemical+and+Physical+Meteorology&rft.issn=02806509&rft_id=info:doi/10.1034%2Fj.1600-0889.2003.00054.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 6; formulas, 8; references, 32. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Nitrogen fertilization effects; Crop yield; Organic carbon in soil; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide; Carbon sequestration; Fertilizers; Fossil fuels; Organic carbon; Emission control; Atmosphere; Crops; Nitrogen; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0889.2003.00054.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining thresholds for mandatory reporting of greenhouse gas emissions. AN - 73184717; 12680654 AB - A number of countries are considering implementation of reporting requirements for greenhouse gases. Some reporting systems have been proposed that would require each entity or facility exceeding an annual emissions threshold to report their emissions to a governmental agency. The analysis presented here provides a first approximation of the number of facilities in selected U.S. economic sectors that would report under several different reporting thresholds. Results indicate that thresholds below 10,000 Mg of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2E) per year may bring in relatively large numbers of facilities while minimally increasing the percentage of reported emissions. None of the reporting thresholds considered in this analysis would account for the majority of greenhouse gas emissions from the U.S. agricultural, transportation, or residential and commercial building sectors. If these sectors, in which large numbers of farms, vehicles, and buildings each emit relatively small amounts of greenhouse gases, are to be included in a reporting framework, additional or alternative approaches to reporting should be considered. Alternative approaches may include creating separate thresholds for individual greenhouse gases instead of using an aggregated CO2E unit, creating separate reporting thresholds for individual sectors, or combining sources of small emissions into a single reporting entity. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - West, Tristram O AU - Peña, Naomi AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6335, USA. westto@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/03/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Mar 15 SP - 1057 EP - 1060 VL - 37 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Nitrous Oxide KW - K50XQU1029 KW - Methane KW - OP0UW79H66 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Reference Values KW - Observer Variation KW - Environment KW - Carbon Dioxide -- analysis KW - Methane -- analysis KW - Greenhouse Effect KW - Guideline Adherence KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Nitrous Oxide -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73184717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Determining+thresholds+for+mandatory+reporting+of+greenhouse+gas+emissions.&rft.au=West%2C+Tristram+O%3BPe%C3%B1a%2C+Naomi&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Tristram&rft.date=2003-03-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1057&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-06-18 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feedstock production, genetic modification, and processing AN - 860389863; 13858995 JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Shoemaker, Sharon P AU - Wright, Lynn L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - Mar 2003 SP - 3 EP - 4 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 105 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860389863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Feedstock+production%2C+genetic+modification%2C+and+processing&rft.au=Shoemaker%2C+Sharon+P%3BWright%2C+Lynn+L&rft.aulast=Shoemaker&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A105%3A1-3%3A3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:105:1-3:3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical reactions governing the fate of Co-NTA in contact with natural subsurface materials AN - 52006561; 2003-025123 AB - Subsurface codisposal of toxic metals and radionuclides with organic chelating agents has created vast areas of contaminated soils and groundwater. The fate of the metal/radionuclide and ligand are inexorably linked in their interaction with soil minerals and aquifer solids. The present study was conducted to investigate the geochemical reactions (sorption, dissolution, dissociation, oxidation) that govern the fate of Co (super II) NTA complexes in contact with natural subsurface materials that are typical of materials underlying some waste disposal areas. Equilibrium measurements indicated that at low pH (4) and in the presence of abundant surface exchangeable Al, the adsorption of Co and NTA was independent of the presence of the other component. By contrast, at higher pH (6 and 7.4) the sorption of both Co and NTA decreased in the presence of the other moiety. Solution phase analyses indicated that the decrease in sorption was driven by the formation of stable aqueous complexes of Co(II) and Co(III) with NTA. The time-dependent loss of Co (super II) NTA from solution was accounted for by sorption, complex dissociation, and the oxidation of Co(II) to Co(III). Biodegradation of NTA was not an important process over the 21-day incubation period. Formation of Co(III) complexes has broad implications in these systems as these species are kinetically and thermodynamically stable, exhibit lower adsorption onto solids, and are resistant to biodegradation. Thus, with the exception of relatively extreme conditions (low pH, abundant readily available Al), NTA decreased Co partitioning to surfaces through the formation of stable aqueous complexes. This behavior may contribute to the undesirable transport of (super 60) Co through the subsurface. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Carroll, Sue L Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 423 EP - 433 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - sorption KW - dissociation KW - complexes KW - cobalt KW - NTA KW - isotopes KW - solution KW - manganese KW - iron KW - ground water KW - partitioning KW - ligands KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - total organic carbon KW - aluminum KW - thermodynamic properties KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - toxic materials KW - Co-60 KW - cation exchange capacity KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - solid phase KW - organic compounds KW - isotherms KW - metals KW - chelation KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52006561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Geochemical+reactions+governing+the+fate+of+Co-NTA+in+contact+with+natural+subsurface+materials&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Scott+C%3BCarroll%2C+Sue+L&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0883-2927%2802%2900074-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; biodegradation; cation exchange capacity; chelation; chemical reactions; Co-60; cobalt; complexes; dissociation; ground water; iron; isotherms; isotopes; kinetics; ligands; manganese; metals; NTA; organic compounds; oxidation; partitioning; pH; pollution; radioactive isotopes; soils; solid phase; solution; sorption; thermodynamic properties; total organic carbon; toxic materials; transport; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00074-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Additivity of state inventories of greenhouse-gas emissions. AN - 72954638; 12520383 AB - In addition to national inventories of emissions of greenhouse gases, there are inventories for most, but not all, states constituting the United States. This paper analyzes the state inventories to see if reported emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide are additive. Considerable reanalysis of the state inventories is required before they can be added to yield a larger-scale inventory. Some specific sources were considered by some states but not by others. Estimation techniques evolved over time as inventories were produced, and there are instances of both double-counting (two states reporting the same emission) and omission (neither state reporting the same emission), where interstate transfers of energy or materials occurred. Nevertheless, the inventories, when adjusted for obvious double-counting or omissions, are probably approximately additive, although it is difficult to quantify the extent to which this is true. JF - Environmental management AU - Cushman, Robert M AD - Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-6335, USA. cushmanrm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 292 EP - 300 VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Nitrous Oxide KW - K50XQU1029 KW - Methane KW - OP0UW79H66 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Reference Values KW - Energy-Generating Resources KW - Air Movements KW - Carbon Dioxide -- analysis KW - Methane -- analysis KW - Greenhouse Effect KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- statistics & numerical data KW - Nitrous Oxide -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72954638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+management&rft.atitle=Additivity+of+state+inventories+of+greenhouse-gas+emissions.&rft.au=Cushman%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Cushman&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-29 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of soil geochemical and physical properties on the sorption and bioaccessibility of chromium(III) AN - 51980460; 2003-044436 JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Stewart, M A AU - Jardine, P M AU - Barnett, M O AU - Mehlhorn, T C AU - Hyder, L K AU - McKay, L D Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 129 EP - 137 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - sorption KW - pollutants KW - behavior KW - Ultisols KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - Spodosols KW - Aridisols KW - remediation KW - bioaccumulation KW - Alfisols KW - physical properties KW - Inceptisols KW - critical load KW - metals KW - carbon KW - Entisols KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - Mollisols KW - chromium KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51980460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Influence+of+soil+geochemical+and+physical+properties+on+the+sorption+and+bioaccessibility+of+chromium%28III%29&rft.au=Stewart%2C+M+A%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BBarnett%2C+M+O%3BMehlhorn%2C+T+C%3BHyder%2C+L+K%3BMcKay%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alfisols; Aridisols; behavior; bioaccumulation; carbon; chemical composition; chromium; concentration; critical load; Entisols; geochemistry; Inceptisols; metals; Mollisols; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil treatment; soils; sorption; Spodosols; Ultisols ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neutron powder diffraction studies as a function of temperature of structure II hydrate formed from propane AN - 51888460; 2004-015930 JF - Canadian Journal of Physics = Journal Canadien de Physique AU - Rawn, C J AU - Rondinone, A J AU - Chakoumakos, B C AU - Circone, Susan AU - Stern, Laura A AU - Kirby, Stephen H AU - Ishii, Yoshinobu Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 431 EP - 438 PB - National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON VL - 81 IS - 1-2 SN - 0008-4204, 0008-4204 KW - hydrates KW - ice crystal structure KW - experimental studies KW - methane KW - ice crystal chemistry KW - gas hydrates KW - propane KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - alkanes KW - powder method KW - clathrates KW - temperature KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - ice KW - neutron diffraction data KW - hydrocarbons KW - lattice parameters KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51888460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Physics+%3D+Journal+Canadien+de+Physique&rft.atitle=Neutron+powder+diffraction+studies+as+a+function+of+temperature+of+structure+II+hydrate+formed+from+propane&rft.au=Rawn%2C+C+J%3BRondinone%2C+A+J%3BChakoumakos%2C+B+C%3BCircone%2C+Susan%3BStern%2C+Laura+A%3BKirby%2C+Stephen+H%3BIshii%2C+Yoshinobu&rft.aulast=Rawn&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Physics+%3D+Journal+Canadien+de+Physique&rft.issn=00084204&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FP03-022 L2 - http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/journal/cjp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 10th international conference on the Physics and chemistry of ice--10 (super e) conference internationale sur la Physique et la chimie de la glace N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - CJPHAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; clathrates; experimental studies; gas hydrates; hydrates; hydrocarbons; ice; ice crystal chemistry; ice crystal structure; laboratory studies; lattice parameters; methane; neutron diffraction data; organic compounds; powder method; propane; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/P03-022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A sapphire cell for high-pressure, low-temperature neutron-scattering experiments on gas hydrates AN - 51888193; 2004-015923 JF - Canadian Journal of Physics = Journal Canadien de Physique AU - Rondinone, A J AU - Jones, C Y AU - Marshall, S L AU - Chakoumakos, B C AU - Rawn, C J AU - Lara-Curzio, E Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 381 EP - 385 PB - National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON VL - 81 IS - 1-2 SN - 0008-4204, 0008-4204 KW - pressure KW - gas hydrates KW - high pressure KW - temperature KW - models KW - single-crystal method KW - low temperature KW - sapphire KW - oxides KW - anvil cells KW - hydrostatic pressure KW - design KW - P-T conditions KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51888193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Physics+%3D+Journal+Canadien+de+Physique&rft.atitle=A+sapphire+cell+for+high-pressure%2C+low-temperature+neutron-scattering+experiments+on+gas+hydrates&rft.au=Rondinone%2C+A+J%3BJones%2C+C+Y%3BMarshall%2C+S+L%3BChakoumakos%2C+B+C%3BRawn%2C+C+J%3BLara-Curzio%2C+E&rft.aulast=Rondinone&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Physics+%3D+Journal+Canadien+de+Physique&rft.issn=00084204&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FP03-027 L2 - http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/journal/cjp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 10th international conference on the Physics and chemistry of ice--10 (super e) conference internationale sur la Physique et la chimie de la glace N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - CJPHAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anvil cells; design; gas hydrates; high pressure; hydrostatic pressure; low temperature; models; oxides; P-T conditions; pressure; sapphire; single-crystal method; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/P03-027 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature dependence of polyhedral cage volumes in clathrate hydrates AN - 51888185; 2004-015900 JF - Canadian Journal of Physics = Journal Canadien de Physique AU - Chakoumakos, B C AU - Rawn, C J AU - Rondinone, A J AU - Stern, Laura A AU - Circone, Susan AU - Kirby, Stephen H AU - Ishii, Yoshinobu AU - Jones, C Y AU - Toby, B H Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 183 EP - 189 PB - National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON VL - 81 IS - 1-2 SN - 0008-4204, 0008-4204 KW - hydrates KW - ice crystal structure KW - neutron powder-diffraction data KW - methane KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - crystal structure KW - alkanes KW - powder method KW - clathrates KW - temperature KW - organic compounds KW - ice KW - hydrocarbons KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51888185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Physics+%3D+Journal+Canadien+de+Physique&rft.atitle=Temperature+dependence+of+polyhedral+cage+volumes+in+clathrate+hydrates&rft.au=Chakoumakos%2C+B+C%3BRawn%2C+C+J%3BRondinone%2C+A+J%3BStern%2C+Laura+A%3BCircone%2C+Susan%3BKirby%2C+Stephen+H%3BIshii%2C+Yoshinobu%3BJones%2C+C+Y%3BToby%2C+B+H&rft.aulast=Chakoumakos&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Physics+%3D+Journal+Canadien+de+Physique&rft.issn=00084204&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FP02-141 L2 - http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/journal/cjp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 10th international conference on the Physics and chemistry of ice--10 (super e) conference internationale sur la Physique et la chimie de la glace N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - CJPHAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; clathrates; crystal structure; hydrates; hydrocarbons; ice; ice crystal structure; methane; neutron powder-diffraction data; organic compounds; powder method; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/P02-141 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A re-examination of the rare-earth-element orthophosphate standards in use for electron-microprobe analysis AN - 51877282; 2004-022858 AB - A re-examination of 14 standards consisting of orthophosphates of the REE, Sc and Y (grown at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in the 1980s and widely distributed) reveals that some of the material is significantly contaminated by Pb, derived from a flux used to dissolve the oxide starting materials at approximately 1360 degrees C prior to crystal synthesis. The monoclinic orthophosphates (monazite structure) show a higher degree of Pb contamination than the tetragonal orthophosphates (xenotime structure). JF - The Canadian Mineralogist AU - Donovan, John J AU - Hanchar, John M AU - Picolli, Phillip M AU - Schrier, Marc D AU - Boatner, Lynn A AU - Jarosewich, Eugene Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 221 EP - 232 PB - Mineralogical Association of Canada, Ottawa, ON VL - 41, Part 1 SN - 0008-4476, 0008-4476 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - experimental studies KW - chemical analysis KW - crystal systems KW - techniques KW - phosphates KW - samples KW - electron probe data KW - electron probe KW - metals KW - standard materials KW - Tennessee KW - scandium KW - monoclinic system KW - rare earths KW - spectroscopy KW - geochemistry KW - accuracy KW - yttrium KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51877282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=A+re-examination+of+the+rare-earth-element+orthophosphate+standards+in+use+for+electron-microprobe+analysis&rft.au=Donovan%2C+John+J%3BHanchar%2C+John+M%3BPicolli%2C+Phillip+M%3BSchrier%2C+Marc+D%3BBoatner%2C+Lynn+A%3BJarosewich%2C+Eugene&rft.aulast=Donovan&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=41%2C+Part+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.issn=00084476&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mineralogicalassociation.ca/template/EJournal/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAMIA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; chemical analysis; crystal systems; electron probe; electron probe data; experimental studies; geochemistry; metals; monoclinic system; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; phosphates; rare earths; samples; scandium; spectroscopy; standard materials; techniques; Tennessee; United States; yttrium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving the performance of DomainParser for structural domain partition using neural network AN - 18687288; 5572557 AB - Structural domains are considered as the basic units of protein folding, evolution, function and design. Automatic decomposition of protein structures into structural domains, though after many years of investigation, remains a challenging and unsolved problem. Manual inspection still plays a key role in domain decomposition of a protein structure. We have previously developed a computer program, DomainParser, using network flow algorithms. The algorithm partitions a protein structure into domains accurately when the number of domains to be partitioned is known. However the performance drops when this number is unclear (the overall performance is 74.5% over a set of 1317 protein chains). Through utilization of various types of structural information including hydrophobic moment profile, we have developed an effective method for assessing the most probable number of domains a structure may have. The core of this method is a neural network, which is trained to discriminate correctly partitioned domains from incorrectly partitioned domains. When compared with the manual decomposition results given in the SCOP database, our new algorithm achieves higher decomposition accuracy (81.9%) on the same data set. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Guo, J-T AU - Xu, D AU - Kim, D AU - Xu, Y AD - Protein Informatics Group, Life Sciences Division, xyn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 944 EP - 952 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - DomainParser KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - N 14400:General KW - W4 340:Neurocomputing & Neural Networks KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18687288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=Improving+the+performance+of+DomainParser+for+structural+domain+partition+using+neural+network&rft.au=Guo%2C+J-T%3BXu%2C+D%3BKim%2C+D%3BXu%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=J-T&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=944&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of an abnormal beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test AN - 18674737; 5572454 AB - The potential hazards from exposure to beryllium or beryllium compounds in the workplace were first reported in the 1930s. The tritiated thymidine beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT) is an in vitro blood test that is widely used to screen beryllium exposed workers in the nuclear industry for sensitivity to beryllium. The clinical significance of the BeLPT was described and a standard protocol was developed in the late 1980s. Cell proliferation is measured by the incorporation of tritiated thymidine into dividing cells on two culture dates and using three concentrations of beryllium sulfate. Results are expressed as a 'stimulation index' (SI) which is the ratio of the amount of tritiated thymidine (measured by beta counts) in the simulated cells divided by the counts for the unstimulated cells on the same culture day. Several statistical methods for use in the routine analysis of the BeLPT were proposed in the early 1990s. The least absolute values (LAV) method was recommended for routine analysis of the BeLPT. This report further evaluates the LAV method using new data, and proposes a new method for identification of an abnormal or borderline test. This new statistical-biological positive (SBP) method reflects the clinical judgment that: (i) at least two SIs show a 'positive' response to beryllium; and (ii) that the maximum of the six SIs must exceed a cut-point that is determined from a reference data set of normal individuals whose blood has been tested by the same method in the same serum. The new data is from the Y-12 National Security Complex in Oak Ridge (Y-12) and consists of 1080 workers and 33 non-exposed control BeLPTs (all tested in the same serum). Graphical results are presented to explain the statistical method, and the new SBP method is applied to the Y-12 group. The true positive rate and specificity of the new method were estimated to be 86% and 97%, respectively. An electronic notebook that is accessible via the Internet was used in this work and contains background information and details not included in the paper. JF - Toxicology AU - Frome, EL AU - Newman, L S AU - Cragle, D L AU - Colyer, S P AU - Wambach, P F AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA, fromeel@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/02/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 01 SP - 39 EP - 56 VL - 183 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18674737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+an+abnormal+beryllium+lymphocyte+proliferation+test&rft.au=Frome%2C+EL%3BNewman%2C+L+S%3BCragle%2C+D+L%3BColyer%2C+S+P%3BWambach%2C+P+F&rft.aulast=Frome&rft.aufirst=EL&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0300-483X%2802%2900439-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(02)00439-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluorescence spectroscopic studies of natural organic matter fractions AN - 18044031; 5701879 AB - Because of the well-known molecular complexity and heterogeneity of natural organic matter (NOM), an aquatic bulk NOM was fractionated into well-defined polyphenolic-rich and carbohydrate-rich subfractions. These fractions were systematically characterized by fluorescence emission, three dimensional excitation-emission matrices, and synchronous-scan excitation spectroscopy in comparison with those of the reference International Humic Substances Society soil humic acid and Suwannee River fulvic acid. Results indicate that fluorescence spectroscopy can be useful to qualitatively differentiate not only NOM compounds from varying origins but also NOM subcomponents with varying compositions and functional properties. The polyphenolic-rich NOM-PP fraction exhibited a much more intense fluorescence and a red shift of peak position in comparison with the carbohydrate-rich NOM-CH fraction. Results also indicate that synchronous excitation spectra were able to provide improved peak resolution and structural signatures such as peak positioning, shift, and intensity among various NOM components as compared with those of the emission and excitation spectra. In particular, the synchronous spectral peak intensity and its red shift in the region of about 450-480 nm may be used to indicate the presence or absence of high molecular weight and polycondensed humic organic components, or the multicomponent nature of NOM or NOM subcomponents. JF - Chemosphere AU - Chen, Jie AU - LeBoeuf, E J AU - Dai, Sheng AU - Gu, Baohua AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, b26@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 639 EP - 647 VL - 50 IS - 5 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Fluorescence KW - Water Analysis KW - Spectral Analysis KW - Organic matter KW - Geochemistry KW - Fluorescence spectroscopy KW - Humic Acids KW - Spectroscopy KW - Fulvic acids KW - Water analysis KW - Humic matter KW - Organic Matter KW - Analytical Methods KW - Humic acids KW - Fulvic Acids KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09185:Organic compounds KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18044031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Fluorescence+spectroscopic+studies+of+natural+organic+matter+fractions&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jie%3BLeBoeuf%2C+E+J%3BDai%2C+Sheng%3BGu%2C+Baohua&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jie&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fluorescence; Humic acids; Organic matter; Fluorescence spectroscopy; Fulvic acids; Water analysis; Organic Matter; Spectral Analysis; Geochemistry; Spectroscopy; Humic matter; Water Analysis; Analytical Methods; Humic Acids; Fulvic Acids ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Miniature Biochip System for Detection of Aerosolized Bacillus globigii Spores AN - 19229100; 5812455 AB - The feasibility of using a novel detection scheme for the analysis of biological warfare agents is demonstrated using Bacillus globigii spores, a surrogate species for Bacillus anthracis. In this paper, a sensitive and selective enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a novel fluorogenic alkaline phosphatase substrate (dimethylacridinone phosphate) is combined with a compact biochip detection system, which includes a miniature diode laser for excitation. Detection of aerosolized spores was achieved by coupling the miniature system to a portable bioaerosol sampler, and the performance of the antibody-based recognition and enzyme amplification method was evaluated. The bioassay performance was found to be compatible with the air sampling device, and the enzymatic amplification was found to be an attractive amplification method for detection of low spore concentrations. The combined portable bioaerosol sampler and miniature biochip system detected 100 B. globigii spores, corresponding to 17 aerosolized spores/L of air. Moreover, the incorporation of the miniature diode laser with the self-contained biochip design allows for a compact system that is readily adaptable to field use. In addition, these studies have included investigations into the tradeoff between assay time and sensitivity. JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington) AU - Stratis-Cullum, D N AU - Griffin, G D AU - Mobley, J AU - Vass, A A AU - Vo-Dinh, T AD - Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, MS-6101 P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6101, USA Y1 - 2003/01/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jan 15 SP - 275 EP - 280 VL - 75 IS - 2 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - biological warfare agents KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bacillus globigii KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Aerosols KW - Alkaline phosphatase KW - Spores KW - W4 240:Bioterrorism & Biological Warfare KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19229100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=A+Miniature+Biochip+System+for+Detection+of+Aerosolized+Bacillus+globigii+Spores&rft.au=Stratis-Cullum%2C+D+N%3BGriffin%2C+G+D%3BMobley%2C+J%3BVass%2C+A+A%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T&rft.aulast=Stratis-Cullum&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-15&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fac026068%2B LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacillus globigii; Aerosols; Spores; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Alkaline phosphatase DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac026068+ ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamics of grain boundary segregation in mantle rocks AN - 884415484; 2011-067216 JF - Nihon Koubutsu Gakkai Nenkai kouen youshishuu = Mineralogical Society of Japan, Annual Meeting Abstracts AU - Hiraga, Takehiko AU - Anderson, Ian M AU - Kohlstedt, David L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Nihon koubutsu gakkai, Tokyo VL - 2003 SN - 1348-6543, 1348-6543 KW - calcium KW - partitioning KW - alkaline earth metals KW - incompatible elements KW - numerical analysis KW - metals KW - mantle KW - thermodynamic properties KW - chemical fractionation KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/884415484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nihon+Koubutsu+Gakkai+Nenkai+kouen+youshishuu+%3D+Mineralogical+Society+of+Japan%2C+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Thermodynamics+of+grain+boundary+segregation+in+mantle+rocks&rft.au=Hiraga%2C+Takehiko%3BAnderson%2C+Ian+M%3BKohlstedt%2C+David+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hiraga&rft.aufirst=Takehiko&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2003&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nihon+Koubutsu+Gakkai+Nenkai+kouen+youshishuu+%3D+Mineralogical+Society+of+Japan%2C+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.issn=13486543&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://wwwsoc.nii.ac.jp/msj3/index-e.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Meeting of the Mineralogical Society of Japan, 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; calcium; chemical fractionation; incompatible elements; mantle; metals; numerical analysis; partitioning; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of organic matter and nutrient composition of partially decomposed and composted spent pig litter. AN - 73121941; 12641257 AB - Characterization of soil-applied organic material is necessary in order to clarify the nature of the organic matterand nutrients in it. In this study, the organic matter and nutrient contents of the spent pig litter (a mixture of partially decomposed pig manure and sawdust) was characterized before and after windrow composting to: (1) determine their changes during composting, and (2) assess the suitability of the composted spent litter as a soil amendment. Results demonstrated that the time required to reach maturity, and the composition of composted spent litter, depended on the chemical properties of the initial compost feedstock as well as the compost strategies used during composting. Total N, P, and K concentrations of the composted litter depended on chemical properties of the initial material. On the other hand, C:N ratio, humic and fulvic acid and cation-exchange capacity were influenced by differences in composition of the initial spent litter and composting strategy. If moisture content was maintained weekly at 60% with a four-day turning frequency, the litter reached maturity in 56 days. Maturation of spent litter was accompanied by a decline in total C, water-extractable metals, NH(4)(+)-N, increase in ash, (NO(3)(-)+NO(2)(-)-N, humic acid, humic acid:fulvic acid ratio, and cation exchange capacity, and elimination of phytotoxicity. The stability of nutrient and organic matter, acceptable pH and electrical conductivity values, and low levels of undesirable components such as heavy metals and phytotoxic compounds of the spent litter provided substantial evidence that agronomically suitable compost can be obtained after composting in windrows. JF - Environmental technology AU - Tiquia, S M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 97 EP - 107 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0959-3330, 0959-3330 KW - Humic Substances KW - 0 KW - Manure KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Phosphorus KW - 27YLU75U4W KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Index Medicus KW - Swine KW - Animals KW - Ion Exchange KW - Nitrogen -- analysis KW - Wood KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis KW - Phosphorus -- analysis KW - Refuse Disposal -- methods KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73121941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+technology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+organic+matter+and+nutrient+composition+of+partially+decomposed+and+composted+spent+pig+litter.&rft.au=Tiquia%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Tiquia&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+technology&rft.issn=09593330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-20 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular diversity and characterization of nitrite reductase gene fragments (nirK and nirS) from nitrate- and uranium-contaminated groundwater. AN - 72980024; 12542709 AB - Nitrate-contaminated groundwater samples were analysed for nirK and nirS gene diversity. The samples differed with respect to nitrate, uranium, heavy metals, organic carbon content, pH and dissolved oxygen levels. A total of 958 nirK and 1162 nirS clones were screened by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis: 48 and 143 distinct nirK and nirS clones, respectively, were obtained. A single dominant nirK restriction pattern was observed for all six samples and was 83% identical to the Hyphomicrobium zavarzinii nirK gene. A dominant nirS pattern was observed for four of the samples, including the background sample, and was 95% identical to the nirS of Alcaligenes faecalis. Diversity indices for nirK and nirS sequences were not related to any single geochemical characteristic, but results suggested that the diversity of nirK genes was inversely proportional to the diversity of nirS. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the sites based on geochemistry grouped the samples by low, moderate and high nitrate but PCA of the unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) distributions grouped the samples differently. Many of the sequences were not closely related to previously observed genes and some phylogenetically related sequences were obtained from similar samples. The results indicated that the contaminated groundwater contained novel nirK and nirS sequences, functional diversity of both genes changed in relation to the contaminant gradient, but the nirK and nirS functional diversity was affected differently. JF - Environmental microbiology AU - Yan, Tingfen AU - Fields, Matthew W AU - Wu, Liyou AU - Zu, Yuangang AU - Tiedje, James M AU - Zhou, Jizhong AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6038, Bldg. 1505, TN 37831-6036, USA. Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 13 EP - 24 VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1462-2912, 1462-2912 KW - Nitrates KW - 0 KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Nitrite Reductases KW - EC 1.7.- KW - nitrite reductase, copper-containing KW - EC 1.7.2.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phylogeny KW - Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Uranium -- metabolism KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Bacteria -- genetics KW - Nitrite Reductases -- genetics KW - Genetic Variation KW - Fresh Water -- chemistry KW - Bacteria -- enzymology KW - Fresh Water -- microbiology KW - Nitrates -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- classification KW - Water Pollution, Chemical KW - Nitrite Reductases -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72980024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Molecular+diversity+and+characterization+of+nitrite+reductase+gene+fragments+%28nirK+and+nirS%29+from+nitrate-+and+uranium-contaminated+groundwater.&rft.au=Yan%2C+Tingfen%3BFields%2C+Matthew+W%3BWu%2C+Liyou%3BZu%2C+Yuangang%3BTiedje%2C+James+M%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong&rft.aulast=Yan&rft.aufirst=Tingfen&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=14622912&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-19 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - AF548919; GENBANK; AF549094; AF548918; AF549095; AF549092; AF549093; AF548915; AF549090; AF548914; AF549091; AF548917; AF548916; AF548911; AF548910; AF548913; AF548912; AF549098; AF549099; AF549096; AF549097; AF549081; AF548909; AF549082; AF549083; AF549084; AF549080; AF549089; AF549085; AF549086; AF549087; AF549088; AF549072; AF549073; AF549070; AF549071; AF549076; AF549077; AF549074; AF549075; AF549078; AF549079; AF549060; AF549061; AF549063; AF549064; AF549065; AF549066; AF549067; AF549068; AF549069; AF548960; AF549049; AF548954; AF549059; AF548955; AF549058; AF548956; AF549057; AF548957; AF549056; AF548950; AF549055; AF548951; AF549054; AF548952; AF549053; AF548953; AF549052; AF549051; AF549050; AF548958; AF548959; AF549038; AF549039; AF548945; AF549046; AF548946; AF549045; AF548943; AF549048; AF548944; AF549047; AF549042; AF548942; AF549041; AF549044; AF548940; AF549043; AF549040; AF548949; AF548947; AF548948; AF549029; AF549027; AF549028; AF549033; AF549032; AF548930; AF549031; AF548931; AF549030; AF548932; AF549037; AF548933; AF549036; AF548934; AF549035; AF548935; AF549034; AF548936; AF548937; AF548938; AF548939; AF549016; AF549017; AF549018; AF549019; AF549020; AF548920; AF549022; AF549021; AF548923; AF549024; AF548924; AF549023; AF548921; AF549026; AF548922; AF549025; AF548927; AF548928; AF548925; AF548926; AF548929; AF549012; AF549013; AF548999; AF549014; AF548998; AF549015; AF548997; AF548996; AF548995; AF549010; AF548994; AF549011; AF549009; AF549006; AF549005; AF549008; AF549007; AF549105; AF549104; AF549102; AF549103; AF549100; AF549101; AF549003; AF548988; AF549004; AF548987; AF549001; AF549002; AF548989; AF548984; AF549000; AF548983; AF548986; AF548985; AF548990; AF548991; AF548992; AF548993; AF548975; AF548974; AF548973; AF548972; AF548979; AF548978; AF548977; AF548976; AF548981; AF548982; AF548980; AF548969; AF548962; AF548961; AF548964; AF548963; AF548966; AF548965; AF548968; AF548967; AF548970; AF548971 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The biokinetics of uranium migrating from embedded DU fragments. AN - 72889115; 12500806 AB - Military uses of depleted uranium (DU) munitions have resulted in casualties with embedded DU fragments. Assessment of radiological or chemical health risks from these fragments requires a model relating urinary U to the rate of migration of U from the fragments, and its accumulation in systemic tissues. A detailed biokinetic model for U has been published by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), but its applicability to U migrating from embedded DU fragments is uncertain. Recently, Pellmar and colleagues (1999) conducted a study at the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (AFRRI) on the redistribution and toxicology of U in rats with implanted DU pellets, simulating embedded fragments. This paper compares the biokinetic data from that study with the behavior of commonly studied forms of U in rats (e.g., intravenously injected U nitrate). The comparisons indicate that the biokinetics of U migrating from embedded DU is similar to that of commonly studied forms of U with regard to long-term accumulation in kidneys, bone, and liver. The results provide limited support for the application of the ICRP's model to persons with embedded DU fragments. Additional information is needed with regard to the short-term behavior of migrating U and its accumulation in lymph nodes, brain, testicles, and other infrequently studied U repositories. JF - Journal of environmental radioactivity AU - Leggett, R W AU - Pellmar, T C AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. rwl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 205 EP - 225 VL - 64 IS - 2-3 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Firearms KW - Humans KW - Wounds and Injuries KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Foreign Bodies KW - Uranium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72889115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+radioactivity&rft.atitle=The+biokinetics+of+uranium+migrating+from+embedded+DU+fragments.&rft.au=Leggett%2C+R+W%3BPellmar%2C+T+C&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-01 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Web-access to a Lung Deposition Model for radiation protection and physiological modeling. AN - 71592198; 15455931 AB - A C++ implementation of the ICRP Lung Deposition Model was validated and made accessible by creating a web interface using Perl. Considerable understanding of this lung deposition model was obtained and a small number of errors identified in the code during this process. Documentation was developed using MathML and scalable vector graphics (SVG). JF - Studies in health technology and informatics AU - Ward, Richard C AU - Eckerman, Keith F AU - Ahmad, Lin S AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 389 EP - 391 VL - 94 SN - 0926-9630, 0926-9630 KW - Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Health technology assessment KW - Software KW - Humans KW - Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Computer Simulation KW - Radiation Protection KW - User-Computer Interface KW - Internet KW - Lung -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71592198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+health+technology+and+informatics&rft.atitle=Web-access+to+a+Lung+Deposition+Model+for+radiation+protection+and+physiological+modeling.&rft.au=Ward%2C+Richard+C%3BEckerman%2C+Keith+F%3BAhmad%2C+Lin+S&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Studies+in+health+technology+and+informatics&rft.issn=09269630&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-10-28 N1 - Date created - 2004-09-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reliability of the ICRP's dose coefficients for members of the public. III. Plutonium as a case study of uncertainties in the systemic biokinetics of radionuclides. AN - 71463515; 14653331 AB - This paper is a case study of the validity of different data sources and modelling approaches commonly used to build biokinetic models for radionuclides. The paper examines the basis and apparent predictive accuracy of each of the biokinetic models for Pu used over the years by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), in view of recent improvements in the database. The results of this study and similar retrospective studies for other elements suggest the following five points. (1) Extrapolation of biokinetic data from laboratory animals to man is particularly uncertain for the liver due to qualitative differences among species in the handling of many elements by this organ. (2) As a 'default' approach to biokinetic modelling or model assessment, biokinetic data for unhealthy human subjects should be given higher weight than information extrapolated across animal species or chemical families, but there are counter-examples. (3) Little confidence can be placed in biokinetic model predictions for long times after exposure based solely on curve fits to short-term biokinetic data. (4) Bioassay and dosimetry models for a radionuclide should not be developed separately. (5) Where feasible, the systemic biokinetic model for a radionuclide should be developed within a physiologically realistic model structure, because this allows biokinetic data from experimental studies to be supplemented with physiological information, provides a basis for extrapolation of data across animals species or chemical families, results in models that can be used for both bioassay interpretation and dosimetry, and provides a logical basis for extrapolation of data to subgroups of the population (e.g., various ages) or to times outside the period of observation. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Leggett, R W AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. rwl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 103 EP - 120 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Plutonium KW - 53023GN24M KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Computer Simulation KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Software Validation KW - Body Burden KW - Humans KW - Reference Standards KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Technology Assessment, Biomedical KW - Metabolic Clearance Rate KW - Environmental Exposure -- standards KW - Organ Specificity KW - Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - International Cooperation KW - Kinetics KW - Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Plutonium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Risk Assessment -- standards KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Plutonium -- analysis KW - Models, Biological KW - Radiometry -- standards KW - Radiation Protection -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71463515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Reliability+of+the+ICRP%27s+dose+coefficients+for+members+of+the+public.+III.+Plutonium+as+a+case+study+of+uncertainties+in+the+systemic+biokinetics+of+radionuclides.&rft.au=Leggett%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-08-13 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2003;106(2):99-102 [14653330] Comment On: Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2001;95(4):295-308 [11707028] Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2001;95(3):199-213 [11605794] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The amblygonite (LiAlPO (sub 4) F)-montebrasite (LiAlPO (sub 4) OH) solid solution; a combined powder and single-crystal neutron diffraction and solid-state (super 6) Li MAS, CP MAS, and REDOR NMR study AN - 52012760; 2003-024316 AB - The amblygonite-montebrasite series of minerals, common constituents of granitic pegmatites and topaz-bearing granites, show complete solid solution with ideal composition LiAlPO (sub 4) (F, OH). These compounds are ideal for studying FOH solid solution in minerals because natural members of the series generally show little deviation from the ideal composition. In this study, we used powder and single-crystal neutron diffraction and solid-state (super 6) Li MAS, CP MAS, and REDOR NMR techniques to study the effect of FOH substitution on the series. Lattice parameters refined from single-crystal neutron diffraction data show increasing b and decreasing a, c, and V with increasing F/(F+OH). The volume is highest for the OH end-member because of the presence of an additional atom (H). The a and c parameters decrease with increasing F/(F+OH) because the O-H vector is close to the a-c plane and the Al-OH/F vectors are approximately parallel to c. Lattice parameters refined from neutron powder diffraction patterns collected at lower T show that thermal contraction increases with F/(F+OH), presumably because the F anion takes up less space than the OH molecule. The results show that the OH/F position is always fully occupied. The H displacement ellipsoid shows little change with occupancy, which obviously corresponds negatively with increasing F/(F+OH). However, the Li displacement ellipsoid becomes extremely large and anisotropic with increasing F fraction. Most of the distortion is associated with the U (sub 3) eigenvalue, which lies between the c and c (super *) directions. U (sub eq) values corresponding to the Li atom show a greater reduction with decreasing temperature than the other atoms. The temperature dependence of Li is the same regardless of F content. Even when extrapolated to absolute zero the Li displacement ellipsoid is very large, which implies a large static disorder. At the montebrasite end of the series, there are five short Li-phi (phi = O, OH, F) distances and one very long Li-O4 bond. With increasing F content, the Li-O4 distance decreases and the Li-O3f distance increases, such that at the amblygonite end, the coordination is 4+2. The disorder in the Li site is obviously caused by the substitution of F for OH. The driving force is the loss of the hydrogen bond to O4, which causes the Li-O4 bond to strengthen and improves the bond valence to O4. The results show that the H atom position is imbedded within the distorted octahedral oxygen coordination of the Li atom. To represent the disorder better, we used a split Li site model. The results show that Li1 occupancy increases and the Li2 occupancy decreases with increasing F content, and that the Li1-Li2 distance is longer for intermediate compositions than for the end-members. The (super 6) Li MAS NMR experiments provide important structural information complementary to the neutron diffraction results. The spectra of samples in the amblygonite-montebrasite series show two well-resolved peaks, confirming the presence of Li disorder over two distinct sites, and highly resolved (super 6) Li MAS NMR spectra are obtained at the very high magnetic field strength of 18.8 T. The peaks at -0.3 ppm and -0.9 ppm were unambiguously assigned to the Li2(OH) and Li1(F) sites found in the neutron diffraction structures. The isotropic chemical shifts are consistent with the coordinations of these Li sites found in the neutron diffraction structures. The relative intensities of the two peaks across the series of samples reflect the varying F/(F+OH). In addition to confirming the assignments of the peaks, it is possible to measure H-Li2 and F-Li1 internuclear distances by (super 6) Li{ (super 1) H} and (super 6) Li{ (super 19) F} CP and REDOR NMR that are consistent with the corresponding distances from the neutron diffraction structures. The (super 6) Li{ (super 1) H} and (super 6) Li{ (super 19) F} CP and REDOR results indicate that the Li disorder is random throughout the crystals rather than over large domains, a conclusion that cannot be made from diffraction experiments. Variable temperature (super 6) Li MAS NMR spectra confirm that the disorder is static and there is no dynamic exchange involving F, OH, or Li. Each Li ion has access to only one of the two observed sites as determined by the presence of either OH or F in its immediate environment and there is no possibility of a dynamic exchange. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Groat, Lee A AU - Chakoumakos, Bryan C AU - Brouwer, Darren H AU - Hoffman, Christina M AU - Fyfe, Colin A AU - Morell, Heiko AU - Schultz, Arthur J Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 195 EP - 210 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 88 IS - 1 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - neutron activation analysis data KW - isotopes KW - pegmatite KW - lithium KW - igneous rocks KW - montebrasite KW - granites KW - alkali metals KW - crystal structure KW - phosphates KW - solid solution KW - powder method KW - stable isotopes KW - NMR spectra KW - plutonic rocks KW - atomic packing KW - metals KW - neutron diffraction data KW - spectra KW - lattice parameters KW - amblygonite KW - Li-6 KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52012760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=The+amblygonite+%28LiAlPO+%28sub+4%29+F%29-montebrasite+%28LiAlPO+%28sub+4%29+OH%29+solid+solution%3B+a+combined+powder+and+single-crystal+neutron+diffraction+and+solid-state+%28super+6%29+Li+MAS%2C+CP+MAS%2C+and+REDOR+NMR+study&rft.au=Groat%2C+Lee+A%3BChakoumakos%2C+Bryan+C%3BBrouwer%2C+Darren+H%3BHoffman%2C+Christina+M%3BFyfe%2C+Colin+A%3BMorell%2C+Heiko%3BSchultz%2C+Arthur+J&rft.aulast=Groat&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 12 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; amblygonite; atomic packing; crystal structure; granites; igneous rocks; isotopes; lattice parameters; Li-6; lithium; metals; montebrasite; neutron activation analysis data; neutron diffraction data; NMR spectra; pegmatite; phosphates; plutonic rocks; powder method; solid solution; spectra; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogeochemical and environmental factors in Fe biomineralization; magnetite and siderite formation AN - 51987476; 2003-037432 AB - The formation of siderite and magnetite by Fe(III)-reducing bacteria may play an important role in C and Fe geochemistry in subsurface and ocean sediments. The objective of this study was to identify environmental factors that control the formation of siderite (FeCO (sub 3) ) and magnetite (Fe (sub 3) O (sub 4) ) by Fe(III)-reducing bacteria. Psychrotolerant (45 degrees C) Fe(III)-reducing bacteria were used to examine the reduction of a poorly crystalline iron oxide, akaganeite (beta -FeOOH), without a soluble electron shuttle, anthraquinone disulfuonate (AQDS), in the presence of N2, N (sub 2) -CO (sub 2) (80:20, V:V), H (sub 2) and H (sub 2) -CO (sub 2) (80:20, V:V) headspace gases as well as in HCO (sub 3) -buffered medium (30-210 mM) under a N (sub 2) atmosphere, Iron biomineralization was also examined under different growth conditions such as salinity, pH, incubation time, incubation temperature and electron donors. Magnetite formation was dominant under a N (sub 2) and a H (sub 2) atmosphere. Siderite formation was dominant under a H (sub 2) -Co (sub 2) atmosphere. A mixture of magnetite and siderite was formed in the presence of a N (sub 2) -CO (sub 2) headspace. Akaganeite was reduced and transformed to siderite and magnetite in a HCO (super -) (sub 3) -buffered medium (>120 mM) with lactate as an electron donor in the presence of a N (sub 2) atmosphere. Biogeochemical and environmental factors controlling the phases of the secondary mineral suite include medium pH, salinity, electron donors, atmospheric composition and incubation time. These results indicate that microbial Fe(III) reduction may play an important role in Fe and C biogeochemistry as well as C Sequestration in natural environments. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Roh, Y AU - Zhang, C L AU - Vali, H AU - Lauf, R J AU - Phelps, T J Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 83 EP - 95 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - biomineralization KW - experimental studies KW - biochemistry KW - clay mineralogy KW - iron KW - geochemical cycle KW - siderite KW - metals KW - carbon KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - carbon cycle KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - magnetite KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51987476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Biogeochemical+and+environmental+factors+in+Fe+biomineralization%3B+magnetite+and+siderite+formation&rft.au=Roh%2C+Y%3BZhang%2C+C+L%3BVali%2C+H%3BLauf%2C+R+J%3BPhelps%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Roh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/10.1346%2FCCMN.2003.510110 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cms/ccm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; biomineralization; carbon; carbon cycle; carbonates; clay mineralogy; experimental studies; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; iron; magnetite; metals; oxides; reduction; siderite DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2003.510110 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Net carbon flux from agriculture; carbon emissions, carbon sequestration, crop yield, and land-use change AN - 51935069; 2003-070705 AB - There is a potential to sequester carbon in soil by changing agricultural management practices. These changes in agricultural management can also result in changes in fossil-fuel use, agricultural inputs, and the carbon emissions associated with fossil fuels and other inputs. Management practices that alter crop yields and land productivity can affect the amount of land used for crop production with further significant implications for both emissions and sequestration potential. Data from a 20-year agricultural experiment were used to analyze carbon sequestration, carbon emissions, crop yield, and land-use change and to estimate the impact that carbon sequestration strategies might have on the net flux of carbon to the atmosphere. Results indicate that if changes in management result in decreased crop yields, the net carbon flux can be greater under the new system, assuming that crop demand remains the same and additional lands are brought into production. Conversely, if increasing crop yields lead to land abandonment, the overall carbon savings from changes in management will be greater than when soil carbon sequestration alone is considered. JF - Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) AU - West, Tristram O AU - Marland, Gregg Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 73 EP - 83 PB - Nijhoff/Junk, Dordrecht-Boston-Lancaster VL - 63 IS - 1 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - United States KW - soils KW - fertilizers KW - emissions KW - sequestration KW - agriculture KW - atmosphere KW - ecosystems KW - environmental analysis KW - carbon dioxide KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - land management KW - greenhouse effect KW - land use KW - storage KW - productivity KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51935069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.atitle=Net+carbon+flux+from+agriculture%3B+carbon+emissions%2C+carbon+sequestration%2C+crop+yield%2C+and+land-use+change&rft.au=West%2C+Tristram+O%3BMarland%2C+Gregg&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Tristram&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100244/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from PASCAL, Institute de l'Information Scientifique et Technique, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; atmosphere; carbon; carbon dioxide; ecosystems; emissions; environmental analysis; fertilizers; greenhouse effect; land management; land use; organic compounds; productivity; sequestration; soils; storage; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward a better understanding of mercury emissions from soils AN - 51913094; 2003-085861 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Zhang, Hong AU - Lindberg, Steve AU - Gustin, Mae AU - Xu, Xiaohong A2 - Cai, Yong A2 - Braids, Olin C. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 246 EP - 261 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 835 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - United States KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - characterization KW - pollution KW - measurement KW - bioaccumulation KW - laboratory studies KW - Steamboat Springs KW - dynamics KW - metals KW - Washoe County Nevada KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - climate KW - mercury KW - field studies KW - diffusivity KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51913094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Toward+a+better+understanding+of+mercury+emissions+from+soils&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Hong%3BLindberg%2C+Steve%3BGustin%2C+Mae%3BXu%2C+Xiaohong&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Hong&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=835&rft.issue=&rft.spage=246&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 221st American Chemical Society national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioaccumulation; characterization; climate; diffusivity; dynamics; experimental studies; field studies; geochemistry; kinetics; laboratory studies; measurement; mercury; metals; Nevada; pollutants; pollution; soils; sorption; Steamboat Springs; toxic materials; United States; Washoe County Nevada ER - TY - BOOK T1 - A grand query; how scale matters in global change research AN - 51879929; 2004-017387 JF - Global change and local places; estimating, understanding, and reducing greenhouse gases AU - Kates, Rober W AU - Wilbanks, Thomas J Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge SN - 0521809509 KW - scale factor KW - land cover KW - human activity KW - global KW - atmosphere KW - global change KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - mitigation KW - regional KW - ecology KW - greenhouse effect KW - land use KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51879929?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kates%2C+Rober+W%3BWilbanks%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Kates&rft.aufirst=Rober&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0521809509&rft.btitle=A+grand+query%3B+how+scale+matters+in+global+change+research&rft.title=A+grand+query%3B+how+scale+matters+in+global+change+research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 88 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors controlling the bioaccessibility of arsenic(V) and lead(II) in soil AN - 51814927; 2004-060717 AB - The relative oral bioaccessibility of labile Pb(II) and As(V) added to soils was investigated in a well-characterized soil using a physiologically based extraction test (PBET) to simulate metal solubility in a child's digestive system. The effect of soil and PBET (i.e., simulated stomach and small intestine) pH, soil metal concentration, soil to solution ratio, and soil-metal aging time were investigated. Arsenic bioaccessibility was relatively unaffected by a variation in simulated stomach and small intestine pH over the range 2 to 7 and soil pH over the range 4.5 to 9.4. In contrast, Pb(II) bioaccessibility was strongly dependent on both the simulated stomach, small intestine, and soil pH, showing enhanced sequestration and decreased bioaccessibility at higher pH values in all cases. Although the bioaccessibility of Pb(II) was constant over the concentration range of approximately 10 to 10,000 mg/kg, the As(V) bioaccessibility significantly increased over this concentration range. The bioaccessibility of both arsenic and lead increased as the soil-to-solution ratio decreased from 1:40 to 1:100. Additional lead sequestration was not observed during 6 months of soil aging, but As (V) bioaccessibility decreased significantly during this period. JF - International Journal of Phytoremediation AU - Yang, Jae-Kyu AU - Barnett, Mark O AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Brooks, Scott C Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 165 EP - 179 PB - CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 1522-6514, 1522-6514 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - biochemistry KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - lead KW - bioavailability KW - solubility KW - simulation KW - ions KW - human ecology KW - bioaccumulation KW - carcinogens KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - mobility KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51814927?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Phytoremediation&rft.atitle=Factors+controlling+the+bioaccessibility+of+arsenic%28V%29+and+lead%28II%29+in+soil&rft.au=Yang%2C+Jae-Kyu%3BBarnett%2C+Mark+O%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Jae-Kyu&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Phytoremediation&rft.issn=15226514&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713610150 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; bioaccumulation; bioavailability; biochemistry; carcinogens; concentration; human ecology; ions; lead; metals; mobility; pH; pollution; risk assessment; simulation; soils; solubility ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-resolution seismic imaging of the hydrate stability zone; Mallik, Canada AN - 51694592; 2005-052996 AB - High-resolution seismic reflection data acquired over the Mallik site provides a rare glimpse at natural hydrate deposits in close proximity to this intensely hydrate studied site on the northeastern edge of the Mackenzie Delta, NW Territories, Canada. Several boreholes, geophysically logged and some cored, provide limited detailed control of the permafrost interval, hydrate stability zone, and the free gas contact. Reflection events within the hydrate stability zone correlate with good confidence to well data at this site. Reflections from over 1000 m possess resolution potential more than double conventional data acquired in this area. Separate hydrate zones can be identified within the 300 m thick hydrate stability zone. Hydrate layers within the stability zone vary in thickness and in some case appear to truncate across distances as short as 100 m. Amplitude anomalies possibly associated with the free gas boundary appear to define the base of the hydrate stability zone and therefore represent a phase boundary related to pressure and temperature. High velocity layer effects required substantial decimation of data fold at longer offsets to avoid degradation during CMP processing. Correlation of seismic events with well data allows confident extrapolation from the well bore and provides insights into the lateral variability of natural hydrate occurrences. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Miller, Richard D AU - Hunter, James A AU - Doll, William E AU - Carr, Bradley J AU - Good, Ron L AU - Burns, Robert A AU - Laflen, David R AU - Douma, Marten AU - Chidsey, Thomas C, Jr Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 120 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 12 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - high-resolution methods KW - Mackenzie Delta KW - well logs KW - geophysical surveys KW - gas hydrates KW - natural gas KW - geophysical methods KW - stability KW - reflection methods KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - Northwest Territories KW - cores KW - variations KW - seismic methods KW - boreholes KW - Canada KW - Mallik Northwest Territories KW - velocity KW - thickness KW - surveys KW - Western Canada KW - amplitude KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51694592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=High-resolution+seismic+imaging+of+the+hydrate+stability+zone%3B+Mallik%2C+Canada&rft.au=Miller%2C+Richard+D%3BHunter%2C+James+A%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BCarr%2C+Bradley+J%3BGood%2C+Ron+L%3BBurns%2C+Robert+A%3BLaflen%2C+David+R%3BDouma%2C+Marten%3BChidsey%2C+Thomas+C%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG annual convention with SEPM N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - SuppNotes - Available on compact disc and on paper N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; boreholes; Canada; cores; elastic waves; gas hydrates; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; high-resolution methods; Mackenzie Delta; Mallik Northwest Territories; natural gas; Northwest Territories; petroleum; reflection methods; seismic methods; stability; surveys; thickness; variations; velocity; well logs; Western Canada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gulf of Mexico produced water; characterization and simulation AN - 51437322; 2007-053973 JF - Abstracts - AAPG Mid-Continent Section Meeting AU - McFarlane, Joanna AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Mid-Continent Section, Tulsa, OK VL - 2003 KW - water KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - petroleum KW - aqueous solutions KW - simulation KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - models KW - oil wells KW - North Atlantic KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51437322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+AAPG+Mid-Continent+Section+Meeting&rft.atitle=Gulf+of+Mexico+produced+water%3B+characterization+and+simulation&rft.au=McFarlane%2C+Joanna%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McFarlane&rft.aufirst=Joanna&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2003&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+AAPG+Mid-Continent+Section+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.searchanddiscovery.net/abstracts/pdf/2003/midcon/abs/ndx_mcfarlane.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG Mid-Continent Section meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Aug. 25, 2006 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06711 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; Atlantic Ocean; chemical composition; Gulf of Mexico; models; Monte Carlo analysis; North Atlantic; oil wells; petroleum; pollution; simulation; statistical analysis; water; water pollution ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Hydrological and geochemical processes controlling the fate and transport of contaminants in fractured bedrock AN - 51402534; 2007-074317 JF - Geochemical and hydrological reactivity of heavy metals in soils AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Mehlhorn, Tonia L AU - Roh, Y AU - Sanford, William E A2 - Selim, H. Magdi A2 - Kingery, William L. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - CRC Press Company, Boca Raton, FL SN - 1566706238 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - characterization KW - preferential flow KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mineral composition KW - transport KW - EDTA KW - tracers KW - Tennessee KW - carboxylic acids KW - diffusivity KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - bedrock KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - matrix KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - models KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - risk assessment KW - chelation KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51402534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jardine%2C+Philip+M%3BMehlhorn%2C+Tonia+L%3BRoh%2C+Y%3BSanford%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1566706238&rft.btitle=Hydrological+and+geochemical+processes+controlling+the+fate+and+transport+of+contaminants+in+fractured+bedrock&rft.title=Hydrological+and+geochemical+processes+controlling+the+fate+and+transport+of+contaminants+in+fractured+bedrock&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric mercury emissions from mine wastes and surrounding geologically enriched terrains AN - 51170138; 2003-041751 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Gustin, M Sexauer AU - Coolbaugh, M F AU - Engle, M A AU - Fitzgerald, B C AU - Keislar, R E AU - Lindberg, S E AU - Nacht, D M AU - Quashnick, J AU - Rytuba, J J AU - Sladek, C AU - Zhang, H AU - Zehner, R E AU - Kolker, Allan AU - Orem, William AU - Lechler, Paul Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 339 EP - 351 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - desorption KW - terrestrial environment KW - enrichment KW - nonpoint sources KW - California KW - volatilization KW - substrates KW - depositional environment KW - Superfund sites KW - mercury KW - mines KW - concentration KW - waste rock KW - arid environment KW - host rocks KW - background level KW - pollution KW - Sulfur Bank Superfund Site KW - atmospheric transport KW - metals KW - Lake County California KW - tailings KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51170138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+mercury+emissions+from+mine+wastes+and+surrounding+geologically+enriched+terrains&rft.au=Gustin%2C+M+Sexauer%3BCoolbaugh%2C+M+F%3BEngle%2C+M+A%3BFitzgerald%2C+B+C%3BKeislar%2C+R+E%3BLindberg%2C+S+E%3BNacht%2C+D+M%3BQuashnick%2C+J%3BRytuba%2C+J+J%3BSladek%2C+C%3BZhang%2C+H%3BZehner%2C+R+E%3BKolker%2C+Allan%3BOrem%2C+William%3BLechler%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Gustin&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - GSA annual meeting, Summit 2000; session on The impact of mercury on the global environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; atmospheric transport; background level; California; concentration; depositional environment; desorption; enrichment; host rocks; Lake County California; mercury; metals; mines; nonpoint sources; point sources; pollution; substrates; Sulfur Bank Superfund Site; Superfund sites; tailings; terrestrial environment; United States; volatilization; waste rock ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Road ecology; science and solutions AN - 50295257; 2004-049778 JF - Road ecology; science and solutions AU - Foreman, Richard T T AU - Sperling, Daniel AU - Bissonette, John A AU - Clevenger, Anthony P AU - Cutshall, Carol D AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Fahrig, Lenore AU - France, Robert AU - Goldman, Charles R AU - Heanue, Keven AU - Jones, Julia A AU - Swanson, Frederick J AU - Turrentine, Thomas AU - Winter, Thomas C Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 481 PB - Island Press, Washington, DC SN - 1559639326 KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - vegetation KW - environmental management KW - air quality KW - depositional environment KW - best management practices KW - clastic sediments KW - road salt KW - surface water KW - biota KW - models KW - habitat KW - carbon monoxide KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - planning KW - erosion control KW - dust KW - sustainable development KW - hydrocarbons KW - policy KW - wind transport KW - slope stability KW - roads KW - United States KW - geologic hazards KW - engineering properties KW - ecosystems KW - chemical waste KW - combustion KW - transport KW - railroads KW - mass movements KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - bridges KW - soils KW - soil mechanics KW - concentration KW - drainage KW - pollution KW - landslides KW - safety KW - land management KW - landscapes KW - aquatic environment KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50295257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Foreman%2C+Richard+T+T%3BSperling%2C+Daniel%3BBissonette%2C+John+A%3BClevenger%2C+Anthony+P%3BCutshall%2C+Carol+D%3BDale%2C+Virginia+H%3BFahrig%2C+Lenore%3BFrance%2C+Robert%3BGoldman%2C+Charles+R%3BHeanue%2C+Keven%3BJones%2C+Julia+A%3BSwanson%2C+Frederick+J%3BTurrentine%2C+Thomas%3BWinter%2C+Thomas+C&rft.aulast=Foreman&rft.aufirst=Richard+T&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1559639326&rft.btitle=Road+ecology%3B+science+and+solutions&rft.title=Road+ecology%3B+science+and+solutions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1077 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Establishing Causality between Environmental Stressors and Effects on Aquatic Ecosystems AN - 20241019; 7322538 AB - Establishing causal relationships between environmental stressors and observed effects in natural systems is difficult due to the many intrinsic environmental factors that can hinder this process and because there are no widely accepted and proven approaches for determining such relationships. Several types of approaches or combinations of approaches, each with their own sets of advantages and limitations, have been applied in a variety of ecological systems to investigate possible causal relationships between stressors and effects. These include controlled laboratory studies (including acute and chronic bioassays), experimental field manipulations, field studies based on synoptic field surveys, mathematical simulation modeling, statistical associations, various combinations of laboratory, experimental, and field studies, and the ecoepidemiological (weight or evidence) approach. The use of ecoepidemiological ("forensic toxicology") principles is becoming increasingly attractive as a method to help establish causality because it does not involve the same limitations of other approaches and it can also be used to integrate disparate information within a logical framework so that scientifically and defensible regulatory decisions can be made. The objective of this Commentary series of papers on the issue on causality is to demonstrate the application of the ecoepidemiology approach, using a variety of case history studies, for establishing causal relationships between specific stressors and biological effects. For each case history provided in the following series of papers, the authors describe their study situation, summarize the results supporting a causal relationship, and then compare their study results against seven standard causal criteria. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Adams, S M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, adamssm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 17 EP - 35 PB - CRC Press LLC, 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW Boca Raton FL 33431 USA, [mailto:journals@crcpress.com] VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Risk Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - causality KW - causal relationships KW - ecoepidemiology KW - environmental stressors KW - Risk assessment KW - Historical account KW - Ecosystems KW - biological effects KW - Water quality KW - Environmental factors KW - Bioassay KW - Assessments KW - Weight KW - Interspecific relationships KW - History KW - Varieties KW - Environmental stress KW - Toxicology KW - environmental factors KW - Laboratory testing KW - Laboratories KW - Simulation KW - Water pollution KW - Model Studies KW - Bioassays KW - Biological effects KW - Standards KW - aquatic ecosystems KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20241019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Establishing+Causality+between+Environmental+Stressors+and+Effects+on+Aquatic+Ecosystems&rft.au=Adams%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F1080703031877357 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioassays; Interspecific relationships; Water quality; Environmental factors; Toxicology; Water pollution; Risk assessment; environmental factors; Historical account; Biological effects; Laboratory testing; biological effects; Simulation; Environmental stress; aquatic ecosystems; Weight; Ecosystems; Assessments; History; Laboratories; Varieties; Standards; Model Studies; Bioassay DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1080703031877357 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating baseline carbon emissions for the eastern Panama Canal watershed AN - 20086730; 5870211 AB - To participate in the potential market for C credits based on changes in the use and management of the land, one needs to identify opportunities and implement land-use based emissions reductions or sequestration projects. A key requirement of land-based carbon (C) projects is that any activity developed for generating C benefits must be additional to business-as-usual. A rule-based model was developed and used that estimates changes in land-use and subsequent C emissions over the next twenty years using the Eastern Panama Canal Watershed (EPCW) as a case study. These projections of changes in C stocks serve as a baseline to identify where opportunities exist for implementing projects to generate potential C credits and to position Panama to be able to participate in the emerging C market by developing a baseline under scenarios of business-as-usual and new-road development. The projections show that the highest percent change in land use for the new-road scenario compared to the business-as-usual scenario is for urban areas, and the greatest cause of C emission is from deforestation. Thus, the most effective way to reduce C emissions to the atmosphere in the EPCW is by reducing deforestation. In addition to affecting C emissions, reducing deforestation would also protect the soil and water resources of the EPCW. Yet, under the current framework of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), only credits arising from reforestation are allowed, which after 20 years of plantation establishment are not enough to offset the C emissions from the ongoing, albeit small, rate of deforestation in the EPCW. The study demonstrates the value of spatial regional projections of changes in land cover and C stocks: The approach helps a country identify its potential greenhouse gas (GHG) emission liabilities into the future and provides opportunity for the country to plan alternative development pathways. It could be used by potential project developers to identify which types of projects will generate the largest C benefits and provide the needed baseline against which a project is then evaluated. Spatial baselines, such as those presented here, can be used by governments to help identify development goals. The development of such a baseline, and its expansion to other vulnerable areas, well positions Panama to respond to the future market demand for C offsets. It is useful to compare the projected change in land cover under the business-as-usual scenario to the goals set by Law 21 for the year 2020. Suggested next steps for analysis include using the modeling approach to explore land-use, C dynamics and management of secondary forests and plantations, soil C gains or losses, sources of variability in the land use and C stock projections, and other ecological implications and feedbacks resulting from projected changes in land cover. JF - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change AU - Dale, V H AU - Brown, S AU - Calderon, MO AU - Montoya, A S AU - Martinez, R E AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, dalevh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 323 EP - 348 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 1381-2386, 1381-2386 KW - Clean Development Mechanism KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Panama KW - Panama Canal KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Climatic changes KW - Emission control KW - Watersheds KW - Land use KW - Carbon emissions KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Canals KW - Air pollution forecasting KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Deforestation KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20086730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.atitle=Estimating+baseline+carbon+emissions+for+the+eastern+Panama+Canal+watershed&rft.au=Dale%2C+V+H%3BBrown%2C+S%3BCalderon%2C+MO%3BMontoya%2C+A+S%3BMartinez%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.issn=13812386&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canals; Atmospheric pollution models; Greenhouse gases; Carbon emissions; Land use; Deforestation; Carbon sequestration; Air pollution forecasting; Climatic changes; Emission control; Watersheds; Panama; Panama Canal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the Effects of Small-Scale Heterogeneities on Flow and Transport in Undisturbed Cores from the Hanford Formation AN - 19945384; 6495315 AB - Accelerated migration of contaminants in the vadose zone has been observed beneath tank farms at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Reservation, Richland, WA. This paper focuses on quantifying hydrologic processes that control the fate and transport of contaminants in the unsaturated sediments beneath the Hanford tank farms. The experimental approach involved the use of field relevant, long-term unsaturated nonreactive transport experiments in undisturbed sediments from the Hanford Formation. Undisturbed sediment cores were collected from a laminated fine-grained sand unit within the Hanford Formation in both the vertical direction (flow cross bedding) and the horizontal direction (flow bedding parallel). Laboratory-scale saturated and unsaturated flow experiments were conducted using multiple nonreactive tracers to investigate hydrologic processes controlling the vertical and lateral spread of contaminants. The nonreactive tracers differ in their free-water molecular diffusion coefficients, thus providing a quantitative measure of diffusional processes and the presence of immobile water. Asymmetric breakthrough curves (BTCs) and coelution of tracers were observed during saturated flow in both horizontal and vertical cores, indicating advection enhanced solute dispersion with no accompanying immobile water. Unsaturated tracer transport in the vertical and horizontal cores resulted in earlier breakthrough, asymmetric BTCs, and differential breakthrough of tracers where the elution of piperazine-1-4- bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid) (PIPES) preceded that of pentafluorobenzoic acid (PFBA), which preceded that of Br super(-). These results suggest that physical nonequilibrium processes (PNE) such as preferential finger flow coupled with immobile water may control the unsaturated movement of contaminants in the Hanford Formation. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Pace, M N AU - Mayes, MA AU - Jardine, P M AU - Mehlhorn, T L AU - Zachara, J M AU - Bjornstad, B N AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6038, pacem@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 664 EP - 676 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 2 IS - 4 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Migration KW - Advection KW - bedding KW - Solutes KW - Tracers KW - Cores KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Sand KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Diffusion KW - Heterogeneity KW - Saturated Flow KW - Sediment pollution KW - Pipes KW - migration KW - Diffusion Coefficient KW - advection KW - Sediments KW - USA KW - Acids KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Groundwater Movement KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19945384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+Effects+of+Small-Scale+Heterogeneities+on+Flow+and+Transport+in+Undisturbed+Cores+from+the+Hanford+Formation&rft.au=Pace%2C+M+N%3BMayes%2C+MA%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BMehlhorn%2C+T+L%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BBjornstad%2C+B+N&rft.aulast=Pace&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=664&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedding; migration; Pipes; Sediment pollution; Tracers; Sand; Diffusion; advection; Sediments; Diffusion Coefficient; Path of Pollutants; Groundwater Pollution; Migration; Advection; Solutes; Cores; Unsaturated Flow; Acids; Sediment Contamination; Heterogeneity; Groundwater Movement; Saturated Flow; USA; USA, Washington, Hanford ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Real-Time Monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Cigarette Smoke Using Time-Resolved Laser-Induced Fluorescence AN - 19646095; 7394818 AB - Cigarette smoke contains a large number of chemicals and gaseous compounds including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Due to the importance of PAHs and their health effects in cigarettes, development of systems to analyze PAHs in cigarette smoke may become useful in developing a less harmful product. However, the complexity of cigarette smoke chemistry remains a significant obstacle in its analysis: many cigarette smoke components are produced due to reactions such as decomposition and recombination of cigarette components during the smoking process. Methods to analyze these reactions in real-time are needed. In this article the authors report direct monitoring of pyrene in mainstream smoke using time-gated laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) based on fiber optics. The time-gated detection system could provide a reduced background signal of mainstream smoke when using optimized gate delay and gate width parameters. The results demonstrate the feasibility of direct monitoring of PAHs in mainstream smoke. JF - Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds AU - Song, J M AU - Jagannathan, R AU - Stokes, D L AU - Vo-Dinh, T AU - Hajaligol, M R AD - Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 429 EP - 439 PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd., 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk] VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 1040-6638, 1040-6638 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - cigarette smoke KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - time-gated laser-induced fluorescence KW - Recombination KW - Fibers KW - Smoking KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Fluorescence KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Cigarettes KW - Cigarette smoke KW - Pyrene KW - Decomposition KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19646095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Polycyclic+Aromatic+Compounds&rft.atitle=Real-Time+Monitoring+of+Polycyclic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbons+in+Cigarette+Smoke+Using+Time-Resolved+Laser-Induced+Fluorescence&rft.au=Song%2C+J+M%3BJagannathan%2C+R%3BStokes%2C+D+L%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T%3BHajaligol%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Song&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Polycyclic+Aromatic+Compounds&rft.issn=10406638&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoking; Fibers; Recombination; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Aromatic compounds; Fluorescence; Cigarettes; Cigarette smoke; Pyrene; Decomposition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of Multiple Sublethal Stress Indicators to Assess the Health of Fish in Pamlico Sound Following Extensive Flooding AN - 19201341; 5789583 AB - Multiple indicators of sublethal stress (bioindicators) were used to assess the health and condition of two important estuarine fish species in the Pamlico Sound estuary following extensive flooding from three sequential hurricanes that occurred during early fall 1999. Bioindicators ranging from the biochemical to the reproductive and organism-level were used to assess the health of southern flounder and spot in Pamlico Sound compared to the health of these same species sampled from a relatively unaffected reference site in lower Core Sound. Many of the physiological, reproductive, immunological, histopathological, and general condition indices suggested that both species, and particularly spot, in Pamlico Sound were sublethally stressed and in poorer condition than fish sampled from Core Sound. The major environmental stressors causing these sublethal stress responses in Pamlico Sound fish appears to be those related to episodic hypoxic exposure or a combination of effects associated with hypoxic conditions such as alterations in preferred habitat and food availability. Although fish populations in Pamlico Sound do not appear to be severely damaged or impaired at this time, organisms that are sublethally stressed can incur increased vulnerability to additional or future stressors such as modified physicochemical regimes, changes in food and habitat availability, and increases in infectious pathogens. Because of the low flushing rate (~ 1 yr) of Pamlico Sound, recovery rate may be exceptionally slow, prolonging any adverse effects of altered nutrient regimes (such as hypoxia) on the health and fitness of resident fish populations. Flooding from the 1999 hurricanes may have contributed to the short-term health and condition of finfish species in Pamlico Sound and also influenced longer-term recovery and ecological status of this system. Longer- term manifestation of effects from flooding may be of particular concern as the frequency of hurricanes is expected to increase over the next few years and the accelerated uses of the coastal zone places further stress on estuarine resources. JF - Estuaries AU - Adams, S M AU - Greeley AU - Law, J M AU - Noga, E J AU - Zelikoff, J T AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 Y1 - 2003///0, PY - 2003 DA - 0, 2003 SP - 1365 EP - 1382 PB - Estuarine Research Federation, 490 Chippingwood Dr. No. 2 Port Republic MD 20676-2140 USA VL - 26 IS - 5 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - USA, North Carolina, Core Sound KW - USA, North Carolina, Pamlico Sound KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Biological stress KW - Oxygen deficiency KW - Biochemistry KW - Oxygen Depletion KW - Indicators KW - Histopathology KW - Sexual reproduction KW - Food availability KW - Ecological Effects KW - ANW, USA, North Carolina, Core Sound KW - Storms KW - Pisces KW - Ecology KW - Comparative studies KW - Sublethal Effects KW - Floods KW - Brackishwater fish KW - Pollution indicators KW - Data Collections KW - Bioindicators KW - ANW, USA, North Carolina, Pamlico Sound KW - Body conditions KW - Immunology KW - Estuaries KW - Stress KW - Lethal limits (see also Mortality, Toxicity) KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Hurricanes KW - USA KW - Anoxic conditions KW - Comparison Studies KW - Fish physiology KW - Hypoxia KW - Flooding KW - Fish Populations KW - Indicator species KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - D 04668:Fish KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies KW - SW 0890:Estuaries KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19201341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Application+of+Multiple+Sublethal+Stress+Indicators+to+Assess+the+Health+of+Fish+in+Pamlico+Sound+Following+Extensive+Flooding&rft.au=Adams%2C+S+M%3BGreeley%3BLaw%2C+J+M%3BNoga%2C+E+J%3BZelikoff%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological stress; Biochemistry; Body conditions; Immunology; Indicators; Sexual reproduction; Histopathology; Food availability; Storms; Ecosystem disturbance; Comparative studies; Anoxic conditions; Fish physiology; Flooding; Brackishwater fish; Hurricanes; Hypoxia; Stress; Indicator species; Ecology; Oxygen deficiency; Floods; Estuaries; Pollution indicators; Lethal limits (see also Mortality, Toxicity); Data Collections; Bioindicators; Comparison Studies; Sublethal Effects; Oxygen Depletion; Fish Populations; Ecological Effects; Pisces; USA, North Carolina; USA; ANW, USA, North Carolina, Pamlico Sound; ANW, USA, North Carolina, Core Sound ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EXCAVATOR: a computer program for efficiently mining gene expression data AN - 19171214; 5760047 AB - Massive amounts of gene expression data are generated using microarrays for functional studies of genes and gene expression data clustering is a useful tool for studying the functional relationship among genes in a biological process. We have developed a computer package EXCAVATOR for clustering gene expression profiles based on our new framework for representing gene expression data as a minimum spanning tree. EXCAVATOR uses a number of rigorous and efficient clustering algorithms. This program has a number of unique features, including capabilities for: (i) data- constrained clustering; (ii) identification of genes with similar expression profiles to pre-specified seed genes; (iii) cluster identification from a noisy background; (iv) computational comparison between different clustering results of the same data set. EXCAVATOR can be run from a Unix/Linux/DOS shell, from a Java interface or from a Web server. The clustering results can be visualized as colored figures and 2-dimensional plots. Moreover, EXCAVATOR provides a wide range of options for data formats, distance measures, objective functions, clustering algorithms, methods to choose number of clusters, etc. The effectiveness of EXCAVATOR has been demonstrated on several experimental data sets. Its performance compares favorably against the popular K-means clustering method in terms of clustering quality and computing time. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Xu, D AU - Olman, V AU - Wang, L AU - Xu, Y AD - Protein Informatics Group, Life Sciences Division and Computer Sciences and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6480, USA, dong@cecs.missouri.edu Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 5582 EP - 5589 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 31 IS - 19 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - EXCAVATOR KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Gene expression KW - Computer programs KW - Algorithms KW - N 14510:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - W4 130:General Biomedical Engineering: Tools & Techniques KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19171214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=EXCAVATOR%3A+a+computer+program+for+efficiently+mining+gene+expression+data&rft.au=Xu%2C+D%3BOlman%2C+V%3BWang%2C+L%3BXu%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=5582&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Computer programs; Algorithms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A computational pipeline for protein structure prediction and analysis at genome scale AN - 19163271; 5757907 AB - Experimental techniques alone cannot keep up with the production rate of protein sequences, while computational techniques for protein structure predictions have matured to such a level to provide reliable structural characterization of proteins at large scale. Integration of multiple computational tools for protein structure prediction can complement experimental techniques. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Shah, M AU - Passovets, S AU - Kim, D AU - Ellrott, K AU - Wang, L AU - Vokler, I AU - LoCascio, P AU - Xu, D AU - Xu, Y AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37830-6480 Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1985 EP - 1996 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 19 IS - 15 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Protein structure KW - Bioinformatics KW - Amino acid sequence KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19163271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=A+computational+pipeline+for+protein+structure+prediction+and+analysis+at+genome+scale&rft.au=Shah%2C+M%3BPassovets%2C+S%3BKim%2C+D%3BEllrott%2C+K%3BWang%2C+L%3BVokler%2C+I%3BLoCascio%2C+P%3BXu%2C+D%3BXu%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Shah&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=1985&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioinformatics; Protein structure; Genomes; Amino acid sequence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Background rareness-based iterative multiple sequence alignment algorithm for regulatory element detection AN - 19153397; 5757885 AB - Experimental methods capable of generating sets of co-regulated genes have become commonplace, however, recognizing the regulatory motifs responsible for this regulation remains difficult. As a result, computational detection of transcription factor binding sites in such data sets has been an active area of research. Most approaches have utilized either Gibbs sampling or greedy strategies to identify such elements in sets of sequences. These existing methods have varying degrees of success depending on the strength and length of the signals and the number of available sequences. We present a new deterministic iterative algorithm for regulatory element detection based on a Markov chain background. As in other methods, sequences in the entire genome and the training set are taken into account in order to discriminate against commonly occurring signals and produce patterns, which are significant in the training set. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Narasimhan, C AU - LoCascio, P AU - Uberbacher, E AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 3480, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1952 EP - 1963 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 19 IS - 15 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - computer programs KW - algorithms KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Genomes KW - Transcription factors KW - Gene regulation KW - Regulatory sequences KW - Detection KW - N 14610:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19153397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Background+rareness-based+iterative+multiple+sequence+alignment+algorithm+for+regulatory+element+detection&rft.au=Narasimhan%2C+C%3BLoCascio%2C+P%3BUberbacher%2C+E&rft.aulast=Narasimhan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=1952&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Detection; Regulatory sequences; Gene regulation; Transcription factors; Genomes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Designing Optimal Flow Patterns for Fall Chinook Salmon in a Central Valley, California, River AN - 18920727; 5597672 AB - Widespread declines in stocks of Pacific salmon in the genus Oncorhynchus highlight the need for research to find new and effective management strategies for recovery. Two recovery objectives are (1) to ensure that recruitment is adequate to rebuild self-sustaining populations and (2) to maintain phenotypic diversity. This study seeks to understand how seasonal flow patterns in a flow- regulated California river might be managed to attain each of these recovery objectives, specifically for the fall and late-fall runs of chinook salmon O. tshawytscha. We ask two questions: (1) Does the optimal pattern of seasonal flows change as the amount of water available is constrained by droughts or diversions of flows? and (2) How do optimal flow regimes designed for the two conservation objectives differ? We coupled simulated annealing with a recruitment model to find flow regimes that maximize either the number of smolt out-migrant 'recruits' (MR) or the variation in spawning times among recruits (MV). Optimal flow regimes identified for both the MR and MV objectives changed as we increased the annual quantity of water available, allocating higher flows during the spring and fall seasons. Flow regimes that optimized the MR and MV objectives were different. For example, the MV flow regime with unlimited annual flow provided a pulse of high flow 2 weeks before the peak spawning date of the minority late-fall run. Simulated recruits produced by MV flow regimes were fewer in number: and had parents that spawned later and over a wider range of dates: than recruits produced by MR flow regimes. Although these results have not been verified by empirical studies, they demonstrate the potential for managing species with special conservation status by combining state-of-the-art numerical optimization methods with mechanistic ecological models. JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Jager, H I AU - Rose, KA AD - Environmental Sciences Division,Oak Ridge National Laboratory,Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA Y1 - 2003///0, PY - 2003 DA - 0, 2003 SP - 1 EP - 21 VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Chinook salmon KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Rivers KW - Resource conservation KW - Recruitment KW - Fishery regulations KW - Freshwater KW - Population dynamics KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Fishery resources KW - Water levels KW - Fishery management KW - Stream flow rate KW - USA, California, Central Valley KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08605:Sport fishing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18920727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Designing+Optimal+Flow+Patterns+for+Fall+Chinook+Salmon+in+a+Central+Valley%2C+California%2C+River&rft.au=Jager%2C+H+I%3BRose%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Jager&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water levels; Rivers; Fishery management; Resource conservation; Recruitment; Stream flow rate; Fishery regulations; Population dynamics; Fishery resources; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, California, Central Valley; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Principles and issues in radiological ecological risk assessment AN - 18875401; 5722309 AB - This paper provides a bridge between the fields of ecological risk assessment (ERA) and radioecology by presenting key biota dose assessment issues identified in the US Department of Energy's Graded Approach for Evaluating Radiation Doses to Aquatic and Terrestrial Biota in a manner consistent with the US Environment Protection Agency's framework for ERA. Current radiological ERA methods and data are intended for use in protecting natural populations of biota, rather than individual members of a population. Potentially susceptible receptors include vertebrates and terrestrial plants. One must ensure that all media, radionuclides (including short-lived radioactive decay products), types of radiation (i.e., alpha particles, electrons, and photons), and pathways (i.e., internal and external contamination) are combined in each exposure scenario. The relative biological effectiveness of alpha particles with respect to deterministic effects must also be considered. Expected safe levels of exposure are available for the protection of natural populations of aquatic biota (10 mGy d super(-1)) and terrestrial plants (10 mGy d super(-1)) and animals (1 mGy d super(-1)) and are appropriate for use in all radiological ERA tiers, provided that appropriate exposure assumptions are used. Caution must be exercised (and a thorough justification provided) if more restrictive limits are selected, to ensure that the supporting data are of high quality, reproducible, and clearly relevant to the protection of natural populations. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Jones, D AU - Domotor, S AU - Higley, K AU - Kocher, D AU - Bilyard, G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036 USA, jonesds@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 19 EP - 39 VL - 66 IS - 1-2 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Radioecology KW - Biota KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Radioisotopes KW - Environmental effects KW - Risks KW - Environmental protection KW - Q5 08501:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18875401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Principles+and+issues+in+radiological+ecological+risk+assessment&rft.au=Jones%2C+D%3BDomotor%2C+S%3BHigley%2C+K%3BKocher%2C+D%3BBilyard%2C+G&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Physical medium: Printed matter N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biota; Radioecology; Ionizing radiation; Environmental effects; Radioisotopes; Environmental protection; Risks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optical properties of Erwinia herbicola bacteria at 0.190-2.50 mu m AN - 18864520; 5715030 AB - We measure the complex index of refraction of Erwinia herbicola (also known as Enterobacter agglomerans or Pantoea agglomerans) bacteria (ATTC 33243) over the spectral region from 0.190 to 2.50 mu m (4000-52,632 cm super(-1)). Transmission measurements are made on solid films of E. herbicola and on suspensions of the bacteria in water. These measurements, combined with spectral reflectance and Kramers-Kroenig analysis, allow the determination of the real and imaginary parts over the entire wavelength interval. Accurate and consistent results are obtained for this complex and difficult to measure material. This is part of a continuing series of measurements of the optical constants of representative biological materials that are applicable to the development of methods for detection of airborne biological contaminants, where the material under study is used as a surrogate for a pathogenic agent. JF - Biopolymers AU - Arakawa, E T AU - Tuminello, P S AU - Khare, B N AU - Milham, ME AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, dscicon@jhu.edu Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 391 EP - 398 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 72 IS - 5 SN - 0006-3525, 0006-3525 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18864520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biopolymers&rft.atitle=Optical+properties+of+Erwinia+herbicola+bacteria+at+0.190-2.50+mu+m&rft.au=Arakawa%2C+E+T%3BTuminello%2C+P+S%3BKhare%2C+B+N%3BMilham%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Arakawa&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biopolymers&rft.issn=00063525&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbip.10438 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.10438 ER - TY - CONF T1 - A New Oxygen Sensitivity and Its Potential Application in Photosynthetic H sub(2) Production AN - 18771065; 5635915 AB - We have discovered a new competitive pathway for O sub(2) sensitivity in algal H sub(2) production that is distinct from the O sub(2) sensitivity of hydrogenase per se. This O sub(2) sensitivity is apparently linked to the photosynthetic H sub(2) production pathway that is coupled to proton translocation across the thylakoid membrane. Addition of the proton uncoupler carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoro-methoxy-phenylhydrazone eliminates this mode of O sub(2) inhibition on H sub(2) photoevolution. This newly discovered inhibition is most likely owing to background O sub(2) that apparently serves as a terminal electron acceptor in competition with the H sub(2) production pathway for photosynthetically generated electrons from water splitting. This O sub(2)-sensitive H sub(2) production electron transport pathway was inhibited by 3[3,4-dichlorophenyl]1,1-dimethylurea. Our experiments demonstrated that this new pathway is more sensitive to O sub(2) than the traditionally known O sub(2) sensitivity of hydrogenase. This discovery provides new insight into the mechanism of O sub(2) inactivation of hydrogenase and may contribute to the development of a more-efficient and robust system for photosynthetic H sub(2) production. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Lee, J-W AU - Greenbaum, E Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 303 EP - 316 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA, [URL:http://humanapress.com] VL - 105-108 KW - 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)1,1-dimethylurea KW - carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoro-methoxy-phenylhydrazone KW - hydrogen KW - oxygen KW - translocation KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W2 32250:Others KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 320:Cell Culture & Batch Fermentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18771065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=A+New+Oxygen+Sensitivity+and+Its+Potential+Application+in+Photosynthetic+H+sub%282%29+Production&rft.au=Lee%2C+J-W%3BGreenbaum%2C+E&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=J-W&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=105-108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon management and biodiversity AN - 18751628; 5624269 AB - International efforts to mitigate human-caused changes in the Earth's climate are considering a system of incentives (debits and credits) that would encourage specific changes in land use that can help to reduce the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide. The two primary land-based activities that would help to minimize atmospheric carbon dioxide are carbon storage in the terrestrial biosphere and the efficient substitution of biomass fuels and bio-based products for fossil fuels and energy-intensive products. These two activities have very different land requirements and different implications for the preservation of biodiversity and the maintenance of other ecosystem services. Carbon sequestration in living forests can be pursued on lands with low productivity, i.e. on lands that are least suitable for agriculture or intensive forestry, and are compatible with the preservation of biodiversity over large areas. In contrast, intensive harvest-and-use systems for biomass fuels and products generally need more productive land to be economically viable. Intensive harvest-and-use systems may compete with agriculture or they may shift intensive land uses onto the less productive lands that currently harbor most of the Earth's biodiversity. Win-win solutions for carbon dioxide control and biodiversity are possible, but careful evaluation and planning are needed to avoid practices that reduce biodiversity with little net decrease in atmospheric carbon dioxide. Planning is more complex on a politically subdivided Earth where issues of local interest, national sovereignty, and equity come into play. JF - Journal of Environmental Management AU - Huston, MA AU - Marland, G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA, hustonma@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/01/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jan 01 SP - 77 EP - 86 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 67 IS - 1 SN - 0301-4797, 0301-4797 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Terrestrial environments KW - Carbon cycle KW - Ecosystem management KW - Biological diversity KW - Atmosphere KW - Land use KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18751628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Carbon+management+and+biodiversity&rft.au=Huston%2C+MA%3BMarland%2C+G&rft.aulast=Huston&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Management&rft.issn=03014797&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0301-4797%2802%2900190-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terrestrial environments; Ecosystem management; Carbon cycle; Biological diversity; Atmosphere; Land use DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4797(02)00190-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute seasonal drought does not permanently alter mass loss and nitrogen dynamics during decomposition of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) litter AN - 18633629; 5544902 AB - Litter decomposition is a major component of nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems and is known to be sensitive to both temperature and moisture. A drought during periods of the year when moisture is normally abundant may impact decomposition more than moisture limitation during seasons that are routinely dry. We excluded precipitation for a 3-month period during each of four seasons and measured mass loss and nitrogen (N) dynamics in Acer rubrum leaf litter by using a litterbag approach. We hypothesized that rainfall exclusion would retard mass loss during the exclusion period, with the maximum effect occurring during the spring and summer months when moisture was normally adequate and temperatures optimum for decomposition, and that exclusion during these two periods would have the greatest impact on subsequent timing of decomposition events, particularly N mineralization. Mass loss in litterbags was initially reduced by precipitation exclusion in the spring treatment only. For each season, a set of bags exposed to drying in the same way and allowed to remain in the field under ambient conditions for an additional 9 months no longer showed a difference in mass loss relative to control bags. Nitrogen accumulation was immediately and significantly reduced in the exclusion treatments in all seasons; however, like mass loss, there was no difference 9 months later. We conclude that short-term effects of drought do occur, especially with regard to N accumulation, and that these effects do not persist and are unlikely to have any substantial effect on nutrient cycling. JF - Global Change Biology AU - O'Neill, E G AU - Johnson, D W AU - Ledford, J AU - Todd, DE AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA, Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA, n3v@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 117 EP - 123 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Red maple KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Leaf litter KW - Litter KW - Trees KW - Cycling Nutrients KW - Forests KW - Drought KW - Acer rubrum KW - Nutrient dynamics KW - Droughts KW - Decomposition KW - SW 0860:Water and plants KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18633629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Acute+seasonal+drought+does+not+permanently+alter+mass+loss+and+nitrogen+dynamics+during+decomposition+of+red+maple+%28Acer+rubrum+L.%29+litter&rft.au=O%27Neill%2C+E+G%3BJohnson%2C+D+W%3BLedford%2C+J%3BTodd%2C+DE&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2486.2003.00538.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Leaf litter; Nutrient dynamics; Decomposition; Droughts; Litter; Cycling Nutrients; Trees; Forests; Drought; Acer rubrum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00538.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct observation of a local thermal vibration anomaly in a quasicrystal AN - 1844920155; 2016-099817 AB - Atomic-resolution annular dark-field STEM is used to map directly the change in thermal diffuse scattering intensity distribution in a quasicrystal at high T. At 1100 K localized well-correlated atomic vibrations with a quasiperiodic length scale of 2 nm in decagonal Al (sub 72) Ni (sub 20) Co (sub 8) were observed. These thermal vibrations are attributed to an annalous T factor for the Al atoms at photon-related sites in the framework of hyperspace crystallography. JF - Nature (London) AU - Abe, Eiji AU - Pennycook, S J AU - Tsai, A P Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 347 EP - 350 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 421 IS - 6921 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - crystals KW - thermal diffusivity KW - quasicrystals KW - lattice KW - vibration KW - electron microscopy data KW - anomalies KW - TEM data KW - high temperature KW - temperature KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844920155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Direct+observation+of+a+local+thermal+vibration+anomaly+in+a+quasicrystal&rft.au=Abe%2C+Eiji%3BPennycook%2C+S+J%3BTsai%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Abe&rft.aufirst=Eiji&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=421&rft.issue=6921&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature01337 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anomalies; crystals; electron microscopy data; high temperature; lattice; quasicrystals; TEM data; temperature; thermal diffusivity; vibration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01337 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Removal of Carbon Dioxide from Flue Gas by Ammonia Carbonation in the Gas Phase AN - 17152127; 6788373 AB - The increasing anthropogenic CO sub(2) emissions and possible global warming have challenged the United States and other countries to find new and better ways to meet the world's increasing needs for energy while, at the same time, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This study explores the possibility of using ammonium bicarbonate (NH sub(4)HCO sub(3)) formation by ammonia carbonation in the gas phase to achieve reduction of CO sub(2) emissions from industrial flue gas. Experimental results obtained in this study demonstrate that removal of flue-gas CO sub(2) can be achieved via formation of solid NH sub(4)HCO sub(3) through ammonia carbonation in the gas phase. Removal of CO sub(2) is quantified by monitoring CO sub(2) concentrations at the entrance and exit of the reactor column. The products of ammonia carbonation were identified by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. For the experimental conditions employed in this study, current results show up to 50% removal of CO sub(2) from the flue gas. Higher efficiencies are likely achievable by optimizing the operating conditions and geometry of the reactor. JF - Energy & Fuels AU - Li, Xiaonian AU - Hagaman, E AU - Tsouris, C AU - Lee, J W AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6194, USA Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 69 EP - 74 VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 0887-0624, 0887-0624 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollutant removal KW - Ammonia KW - Flue gas KW - Air pollution control KW - Emission control KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17152127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Fuels&rft.atitle=Removal+of+Carbon+Dioxide+from+Flue+Gas+by+Ammonia+Carbonation+in+the+Gas+Phase&rft.au=Li%2C+Xiaonian%3BHagaman%2C+E%3BTsouris%2C+C%3BLee%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Xiaonian&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Fuels&rft.issn=08870624&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fef020120n LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollutant removal; Ammonia; Flue gas; Emission control; Air pollution control; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef020120n ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical Processes Affecting Natural Depletion of Volatile Chemicals in Soil and Groundwater AN - 16198933; 6495274 AB - A Fickian model is described for dispersive vapor transport due to "pumping" induced by barometric pressure fluctuations and periodic water table fluctuations. The approach is appropriate for time scales that are large relative to the period of induced airflow variations. Comparisons of the magnitude of dispersive fluxes with those due solely to molecular diffusion indicated that dispersive vapor transport becomes increasingly important as soil porosity decreases and as the depth to groundwater and the contaminant source increases. For soils with low air-filled porosity, barometric pumping is likely to dominate transport even for shallow soils. Barometric pumping may predominate for soils with moderate to high air-filled porosity with deeper groundwater ( >5-15 m). Water table pumping is predicted to predominate over diffusion only for high-frequency fluctuations, such as tidal conditions. A steady-state model for contaminant volatilization from groundwater is presented that considers diffusive and dispersive vapor transport, unsaturated zone aqueous phase advection, and dispersive mixing in groundwater, yielding an apparent first- order decay coefficient with respect to groundwater. Predicted volatilization coefficients for perchloroethene (PCE) range from 0.02 d super(-1) for various soil conditions and groundwater depths. Highest values are predicted for the most permeable soils. Volatilization rates are predicted to decrease with depth up to a point at which dispersive fluxes dominate over diffusion and then to increase to the extent that barometric pressure fluctuations propagate to greater depths. Vertical mixing within the saturated zone has a significant influence on volatilization from groundwater. Simple moving front and mixing cell models are presented to estimate depletion rates of soil contamination due to volatilization and leaching. Results indicate that natural depletion of residual soil NAPL may take many decades and is markedly influenced by soil conditions, hydraulic flux, and contaminant properties. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Parker, Jack C AD - Geosciences and Environmental Engineering Group, Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge TN 37831-6036, parkerjc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 222 EP - 230 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 2 IS - 2 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - Aeration Zone KW - Water table KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Mixing KW - Advection KW - Pollutants KW - Residual Soils KW - Water Table Fluctuations KW - Pumping KW - Chemical pollution KW - Leaching KW - Soil Contamination KW - Depletion KW - Soil Porosity KW - Porosity KW - Soil contamination KW - Water Table KW - Aeration KW - Model Studies KW - Groundwater pollution KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16198933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Physical+Processes+Affecting+Natural+Depletion+of+Volatile+Chemicals+in+Soil+and+Groundwater&rft.au=Parker%2C+Jack+C&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=222&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydraulics; Leaching; Water table; Groundwater pollution; Soil contamination; Chemical pollution; Aeration; Aeration Zone; Soil Contamination; Depletion; Soil Porosity; Porosity; Groundwater Pollution; Water Table; Mixing; Advection; Model Studies; Residual Soils; Pollutants; Water Table Fluctuations; Pumping ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A bioenergetics model for white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus: assessing differences in growth and reproduction among Snake River reaches AN - 879468139; 5801431 AB - Water diversion and hydropower operations in the Snake River basin (northwestern United States) potentially affect long-term growth and reproduction of white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus through changes in food availability and energy demands. The white sturgeon has a unique life history that includes a life span of 80+ years, age at first reproduction of >13 years, and a spawning interval of >3 years. A bioenergetics model was developed to investigate the effects of temperature on A. transmontanus growth and reproduction among Snake River reaches. This model is unlike most bioenergetics models, because it incorporates both gonadal and somatic compartments for growth. The model tracks daily allocation of calories consumed by a female sturgeon exposed to different temperature regimes for any portion or the entirety of its lifespan. Excess energy is partitioned between gonadal and somatic growth depending on environmental cues, energy condition, age, and other factors. In addition to change in weight, the model output includes growth in length, condition factor, gonadal somatic index, spawning interval, timing of spawning, and fecundity. Simulations revealed a significant difference in the potential for growth and reproduction among Snake River reaches due to temperature variations. The model predicted that small increases in temperature can slow growth, increase the spawning interval, and reduce lifetime egg production. Further model development should include additional among-reach differences such as food availability and other water quality parameters that might affect growth and reproductive output. JF - Journal of Applied Ichthyology/Zeitschrift fur angewandte Ichthyologie AU - Bevelhimer AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 550 EP - 556 PB - Blackwell Verlag, Kurfuerstendamm 57 Berlin 10707 Germany VL - 18 IS - 4-6 SN - 0175-8659, 0175-8659 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Bioenergetics KW - Anadromous species KW - Hydroelectric Plants KW - Food availability KW - Freshwater KW - Acipenser KW - History KW - Sturgeon KW - Water Diversion KW - Abiotic factors KW - Rivers KW - Growth rate KW - Temperature effects KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Acipenser transmontanus KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - River basins KW - Spawning KW - Model Studies KW - USA KW - Foods KW - Fecundity KW - Q1 08342:Geographical distribution KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/879468139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Ichthyology%2FZeitschrift+fur+angewandte+Ichthyologie&rft.atitle=A+bioenergetics+model+for+white+sturgeon+Acipenser+transmontanus%3A+assessing+differences+in+growth+and+reproduction+among+Snake+River+reaches&rft.au=Bevelhimer&rft.aulast=Bevelhimer&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4-6&rft.spage=550&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Ichthyology%2FZeitschrift+fur+angewandte+Ichthyologie&rft.issn=01758659&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Growth rate; Fecundity; Bioenergetics; Anadromous species; Simulation; River basins; Food availability; Abiotic factors; Rivers; Foods; History; Temperature; Hydroelectric Plants; Sturgeon; Spawning; Water Diversion; Model Studies; Acipenser transmontanus; Acipenser; USA, Snake R.; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore pressure during metamorphism of carbonate rock; effect of volumetric properties of H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) mixtures AN - 52008061; 2003-024531 AB - The molar volume of mixtures of CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) O is a strong function of the fluid composition. Both CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) O participate in the metamorphism of carbonate rocks, resulting in a change in the fluid composition during reaction. One of the effects of the change in composition is the increase in pore-fluid P with only small increases in extent of reaction, zeta . Pressure calculated from the columetric properties of CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O mixtures at 400 degrees C increases greatly with small increases of zeta but drops at greater values because of the increase in pore volume as a result of Delta V (sub solid) . The ore P increase at small values of zeta though, readily exceeds the reported tensile strength of carbonate rocks, and the rock cannot sustain significant reaction without fracturing. The result of a small amount of reaction is a fractured rock with increased permeability, which promotes fluid transport. JF - Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology AU - Labotka, Theodore C AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Blencoe, James G Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 305 EP - 313 PB - Springer International, Heidelberg-New York VL - 144 IS - 3 SN - 0010-7999, 0010-7999 KW - water KW - pressure KW - metamorphism KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - pore pressure KW - metamorphic rocks KW - volume KW - metasedimentary rocks KW - petrography KW - chemical composition KW - carbonate rocks KW - P-T conditions KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52008061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contributions+to+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.atitle=Pore+pressure+during+metamorphism+of+carbonate+rock%3B+effect+of+volumetric+properties+of+H+%28sub+2%29+O-CO+%28sub+2%29+mixtures&rft.au=Labotka%2C+Theodore+C%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BBlencoe%2C+James+G&rft.aulast=Labotka&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contributions+to+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.issn=00107999&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00410-002-0398-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(zmx2wiu4y01pcgigj5i3jxf5)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100406,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMPEAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbonate rocks; chemical composition; metamorphic rocks; metamorphism; metasedimentary rocks; mineral composition; P-T conditions; petrography; pore pressure; pressure; sedimentary rocks; temperature; volume; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-002-0398-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U and Pb isotope analysis of uranium minerals by ion microprobe and the geochronology of the McArthur River and Sue Zone uranium deposits, Saskatchewan, Canada AN - 51971437; 2003-050664 AB - A method for in situ U-Pb isotopic analysis by SIMS has been developed for U minerals with a range of compositions, using an ion-yield normalizing coefficient that accounts for variation in relative ion-yields with chemical composition. These coefficients vary as a function of PbO wt.% and primary ion-beam current. Therefore, keeping the current of the ion beam constant, an empirical mass-bias model was developed. This includes two calibration curves that define the relationship between the (super 206) Pb/ (super 238) U (super +) and (super 207) Pb (super +) / (super 235) U (super +) values measured by SIMS vs the 'true' (super 206) Pb/ (super 238) U and (super 207) Pb/ (super 235) U values. The U deposits in the Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan, preserve the initial age of mineralization of 1519-1486 m.y. JF - The Canadian Mineralogist AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Kyser, T Kurtis AU - Riciputi, Lee R Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 1553 EP - 1569 PB - Mineralogical Association of Canada, Ottawa, ON VL - 40, Part 6 SN - 0008-4476, 0008-4476 KW - upper Precambrian KW - U/Pb KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - McArthur River Deposit KW - Athabasca Group KW - thermal ionization mass spectra KW - sandstone KW - mass spectra KW - lead KW - stable isotopes KW - sedimentary rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Athabasca Deposit KW - U-235/Pb-207 KW - U-235/Pb-206 KW - absolute age KW - oxides KW - mineralization KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - Pb-207/Pb-206 KW - geochemistry KW - concentration KW - Precambrian KW - isotope ratios KW - Proterozoic KW - U-238/Pb-206 KW - uranium minerals KW - Mesoproterozoic KW - uranium ores KW - Canada KW - metals KW - fine-grained materials KW - metal ores KW - Sue Zone Deposit KW - Western Canada KW - uranium KW - Pb-208/Pb-206 KW - uraninite KW - Saskatchewan KW - clastic rocks KW - Athabasca Basin KW - actinides KW - backscattering KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51971437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=U+and+Pb+isotope+analysis+of+uranium+minerals+by+ion+microprobe+and+the+geochronology+of+the+McArthur+River+and+Sue+Zone+uranium+deposits%2C+Saskatchewan%2C+Canada&rft.au=Fayek%2C+Mostafa%3BKyser%2C+T+Kurtis%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R&rft.aulast=Fayek&rft.aufirst=Mostafa&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=40%2C+Part+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.issn=00084476&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mineralogicalassociation.ca/template/EJournal/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAMIA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; actinides; Athabasca Basin; Athabasca Deposit; Athabasca Group; backscattering; Canada; chemical composition; clastic rocks; concentration; fine-grained materials; geochemistry; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; lead; mass spectra; McArthur River Deposit; Mesoproterozoic; metal ores; metals; mineralization; oxides; Pb-207/Pb-206; Pb-208/Pb-206; Precambrian; Proterozoic; radioactive isotopes; sandstone; Saskatchewan; sedimentary rocks; spectra; stable isotopes; Sue Zone Deposit; thermal ionization mass spectra; U-235/Pb-206; U-235/Pb-207; U-238/Pb-206; U/Pb; upper Precambrian; uraninite; uranium; uranium minerals; uranium ores; Western Canada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Landscape level differences in soil carbon and nitrogen; implications for soil carbon sequestration AN - 51924067; 2003-076022 JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Garten, Charles T, Jr AU - Ashwood, Tom L Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 14 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - North America KW - land cover KW - sequestration KW - Appalachians KW - Eastern U.S. KW - nitrogen KW - geochemical cycle KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - topography KW - carbon KW - residence time KW - Tennessee KW - soil surveys KW - surveys KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - landscapes KW - Valley and Ridge Province KW - storage KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51924067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Landscape+level+differences+in+soil+carbon+and+nitrogen%3B+implications+for+soil+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Garten%2C+Charles+T%2C+Jr%3BAshwood%2C+Tom+L&rft.aulast=Garten&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002GB001918 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 85 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anderson County Tennessee; Appalachians; carbon; carbon cycle; Eastern U.S.; geochemical cycle; land cover; landscapes; nitrogen; North America; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; organic carbon; residence time; Roane County Tennessee; sequestration; soil surveys; soils; storage; surveys; Tennessee; topography; United States; Valley and Ridge Province DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002GB001918 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hubeite; a new mineral from the Daye Mine near Huangshi, Hubei Province, China AN - 51757694; 2005-014580 JF - The Mineralogical Record AU - Hawthorne, Frank C AU - Cooper, Mark A AU - Grice, Joel D AU - Roberts, Andrew C AU - Cook, William R, Jr AU - Lauf, Robert J Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 465 EP - 471 PB - Mineralogical Record, Inc., Tucson, AZ VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0026-4628, 0026-4628 KW - silicates KW - Hubei China KW - crystal form KW - aggregate KW - Far East KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - unit cell KW - crystal structure KW - infrared spectra KW - Daye Mine KW - spectra KW - hardness KW - chemical composition KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - new minerals KW - China KW - Huangshi China KW - collecting KW - mineral localities KW - space groups KW - hubeite KW - intergrowths KW - crystals KW - physical properties KW - optical properties KW - lattice parameters KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51757694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Mineralogical+Record&rft.atitle=Hubeite%3B+a+new+mineral+from+the+Daye+Mine+near+Huangshi%2C+Hubei+Province%2C+China&rft.au=Hawthorne%2C+Frank+C%3BCooper%2C+Mark+A%3BGrice%2C+Joel+D%3BRoberts%2C+Andrew+C%3BCook%2C+William+R%2C+Jr%3BLauf%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Hawthorne&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Mineralogical+Record&rft.issn=00264628&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minresco.com/minrec/minrec.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - AZ N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MRECA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aggregate; Asia; chemical composition; China; collecting; crystal form; crystal structure; crystals; Daye Mine; Far East; geochemistry; hardness; Huangshi China; Hubei China; hubeite; infrared spectra; intergrowths; lattice parameters; mineral localities; new minerals; optical properties; physical properties; silicates; space groups; spectra; unit cell; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanosensor for In Vivo Measurement of the Carcinogen Benzo[a]pyrene in a Single Cell AN - 19711932; 7517166 AB - This work describes the fabrication and the application of an antibody-based fiber-optic nanosensor for in situ measurements of the carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in a single cell. This antibody-based spectroscopic nanosensor is miniaturized enabling the detection of fluorescent analytes in single cells. In addition to measuring fluorescent analytes in single cells, the nanosensor has the potential to be applied for both diagnostic and proteomics purposes. In this work, the human breast carcinoma cell line, MCF-7, was used as the model system to perform BaP measurements in single cells. A standard concentration curve for BaP was established and used to perform quantitative analyses of BaP in individual cells. From these analyses, it was estimated that the concentration of BaP in the individual cells investigated was similar to 3.61 x 10 sub(-10) M. The results obtained demonstrate the application of antibody-based nanosensors for performing in situ measurements inside a single cell. JF - Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology AU - Kasili, P M AU - Cullum, B M AU - Griffin, G D AU - Vo-Dinh, T AD - Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 653 EP - 658 PB - American Scientific Publishers, 25650 North Lewis Way Stevenson Ranch CA 91381-1439 USA VL - 2 IS - 6 SN - 1533-4880, 1533-4880 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - NANOSENSOR KW - SINGLE CELL KW - BENZO [A] PYRENE KW - ANTIBODY IMMOBILIZATION KW - FLUORESCENCE KW - Tumor cell lines KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - Breast carcinoma KW - Carcinogens KW - proteomics KW - nanotechnology KW - W 30955:Biosensors KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19711932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nanoscience+and+Nanotechnology&rft.atitle=Nanosensor+for+In+Vivo+Measurement+of+the+Carcinogen+Benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene+in+a+Single+Cell&rft.au=Kasili%2C+P+M%3BCullum%2C+B+M%3BGriffin%2C+G+D%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T&rft.aulast=Kasili&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nanoscience+and+Nanotechnology&rft.issn=15334880&rft_id=info:doi/10.1166%2Fjnn.2002.155 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - 9 references N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tumor cell lines; Breast carcinoma; Benzo(a)pyrene; proteomics; Carcinogens; nanotechnology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2002.155 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Can uptake length in streams be determined by nutrient addition experiments? Results from an interbiome comparison study AN - 18918563; 5560792 AB - Nutrient uptake length is an important parameter for quantifying nutrient cycling in streams. Although nutrient tracer additions are the preferred method for measuring uptake length under ambient nutrient concentrations, short-term nutrient addition experiments have more frequently been used to estimate uptake length in streams. Theoretical analysis of the relationship between uptake length determined by nutrient addition experiments (S sub(w)') and uptake length determined by tracer additions (S sub(w)) predicted that S sub(w)' should be consistently longer than S sub(w), and that the overestimate of uptake length by S sub(w)' should be related to the level of nutrient addition above ambient concentrations and the degree of nutrient limitation. To test these predictions, we used data from an interbiome study of NH super(+) sub(4) uptake length in which super(15)NH super(+) sub(4) tracer and short-term NH super(+) sub(4) addition experiments were performed in 10 streams using a uniform experimental approach. The experimental results largely confirmed the theoretical predictions: S sub(w)' was consistently longer than S sub(w) and S sub(w)':S sub(w) ratios were directly related to the level of NH super(+) sub(4) addition and to indicators of N limitation. The experimentally derived S sub(w)':S sub(w) ratios were used with the theoretical results to infer the N limitation status of each stream. Together, the theoretical and experimental results showed that tracer experiments should be used whenever possible to determine nutrient uptake length in streams. Nutrient addition experiments may be useful for comparing uptake lengths between different streams or different times in the same stream, however, provided that nutrient additions are kept as low as possible and of similar magnitude. JF - Journal of the North American Benthological Society AU - Mulholland, P J AU - Tank, J L AU - Webster, J R AU - Bowden, W B AU - Dodds, W K AU - Gregory, S V AU - Grimm, N B AU - Hamilton, S K AU - Johnson, S L AU - Marti, E AU - McDowell, W H AU - Merriam, J L AU - Meyer, J L AU - Peterson, B J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 USA, mulhollandpj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 544 EP - 560 VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 0887-3593, 0887-3593 KW - comparative studies KW - nutrient additions KW - uptake length KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Rivers KW - Limiting factors KW - Streams KW - Nutrient cycles KW - Methodology KW - Analytical techniques KW - Uptake KW - Tracer techniques KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Nutrient uptake KW - Experimental research KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18918563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.atitle=Can+uptake+length+in+streams+be+determined+by+nutrient+addition+experiments%3F+Results+from+an+interbiome+comparison+study&rft.au=Mulholland%2C+P+J%3BTank%2C+J+L%3BWebster%2C+J+R%3BBowden%2C+W+B%3BDodds%2C+W+K%3BGregory%2C+S+V%3BGrimm%2C+N+B%3BHamilton%2C+S+K%3BJohnson%2C+S+L%3BMarti%2C+E%3BMcDowell%2C+W+H%3BMerriam%2C+J+L%3BMeyer%2C+J+L%3BPeterson%2C+B+J&rft.aulast=Mulholland&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=544&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.issn=08873593&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Analytical techniques; Uptake; Limiting factors; Nutrients (mineral); Tracer techniques; Nutrient cycles; Experimental research; Methodology; Nutrient uptake; Streams ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of ultrafine and fine particles at a site near the Great Smoky Mountains National Park AN - 18655003; 5551070 AB - Continuous measurements were taken during a 22-day campaign held in the summer of 2000 at a site close to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in eastern Tennessee. The campaign was conducted to investigate the relationships between ultrafine/fine particles and gaseous species observed. A varimax-rotation factor analysis was performed to explore the relationship of the fine and ultrafine particle number concentrations, the gaseous species concentration, the mean wind speed, and the solar radiation. A 6-factor model was found to best resolve 79.7% of the variability embedded in the data. The model suggests that 31.4% of the data variability could be explained by ultrafine particles (the diameters smaller than or equal to 100 nm). It was difficult to label this factor without chemistry information of the ultrafine particles. However, no gas species were loaded on Factor 1 indicating the ultrafine particles observed in this study were not associated with primary source emissions. The decoupling of the ultrafine particles from the fine particles also implies that the former ones might have been produced and transported to the site by separated mechanisms from those of fine particles. The second factor included the PM sub(2.5) mass concentration and the number concentrations of particles in the diameter range of 101-400 nm. The loading pattern on Factor 2 led to the conclusion that this factor was contributed by regional transport. The third factor includes CO, NO sub(2), reactive odd nitrogen (NO sub(y)), and SO sub(2) that were contributed by primary source emissions. The mean wind speed and ozone were loaded in Factor 4 that was labeled as ozone transport. Identification of this factor led to an observation that ozone transport to the site was essentially decoupled from the regional transport factor of fine particles (i.e., Factor 2). Solar radiation was singly included in the fifth factor indicating this is a unique factor. The quality of NO data was marginal and the variable was distilled by the model into Factor 6. A multiple regression analysis further indicated that PM sub(2.5) mass concentration was best explained by CO, O sub(3), and number concentrations of particles in the diameter range between 0.1 and 0.4 mu m. We also identified two unique events during the campaign in which the number concentrations of 31-51 nm particles dramatically increased by a factor of 10 in 30 min, reaching 40,000 cm super(-3) and lasting for a couple of hours. Particles in the size range just below and above those in the 31-51 nm diameter range also exhibited increases during these events, but the changes were much less dramatic. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Cheng, M-D AU - Tanner, R L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1505, Mail Stop 6038, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, chengmd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 5795 EP - 5806 VL - 36 IS - 38 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18655003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+ultrafine+and+fine+particles+at+a+site+near+the+Great+Smoky+Mountains+National+Park&rft.au=Cheng%2C+M-D%3BTanner%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=M-D&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=38&rft.spage=5795&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation and Characterization of Metal-Reducing Thermoanaerobacter Strains from Deep Subsurface Environments of the Piceance Basin, Colorado AN - 18617752; 5512808 AB - Five bacterial strains were isolated from anaerobic enrichment cultures that had originated from inoculations with samples collected from the deep subsurface environments of the millions-of-years-old, geologically and hydrologically isolated Piceance Basin in Colorado. Small-subunit rRNA gene-based analyses indicated that all of these bacteria were closely related to Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus, with similarities of 99.4 to 99.5%. Three isolates (X513, X514, and X561) from the five bacterial strains were used to examine physiological characteristics. These thermophilic bacteria were able to use acetate, glucose, hydrogen, lactate, pyruvate, succinate, and xylose as electron donors while reducing Fe(III), cobalt(III), chromium(VI), manganese(IV), and uranium(VI) at 60 degree C. One of the isolates (X514) was also able to utilize hydrogen as an electron donor for Fe(III) reduction. These bacteria exhibited diverse mineral precipitation capabilities, including the formation of magnetite (Fe sub(3)O sub(4)), siderite (FeCO sub(3)), rhodochrosite (MnCO sub(3)), and uraninite (UO sub(2)). The gas composition of the incubation headspace and the ionic composition of the incubation medium exerted profound influences on the types of minerals formed. The susceptibility of the thermophilic Fe(III)-reducing cultures to metabolic inhibitors specific for ferric reductase, hydrogenase, and electron transport indicated that iron reduction by these bacteria is an enzymatic process. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Roh, Y AU - Liu, S V AU - Li, G AU - Huang, H AU - Phelps, T J AU - Zhou, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, NationalExposureResearchLaboratory,EnvironmentalProtectionAgency,ResearchTrianglePark,NC27711. Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 6013 EP - 6020 VL - 68 IS - 12 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - ferric reductase KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Magnetite KW - USA, Colorado, Piceance Basin KW - Thermophilic bacteria KW - Siderite KW - Reduction KW - Cobalt KW - Uranium KW - Hydrogenase KW - Manganese KW - Metals KW - Chromium KW - Enzymes KW - Thermoanaerobacter KW - Anaerobic conditions KW - USA, Colorado KW - Anoxic conditions KW - Chemical precipitation KW - Chemical analysis KW - Iron KW - Dehydrogenases KW - Q1 08206:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - A 01006:Enzymes & cofactors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18617752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Isolation+and+Characterization+of+Metal-Reducing+Thermoanaerobacter+Strains+from+Deep+Subsurface+Environments+of+the+Piceance+Basin%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Roh%2C+Y%3BLiu%2C+S+V%3BLi%2C+G%3BHuang%2C+H%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BZhou%2C+J&rft.aulast=Roh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=6013&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.68.12.6013-6020.2002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Magnetite; Chromium; Enzymes; Siderite; Reduction; Anoxic conditions; Chemical precipitation; Uranium; Cobalt; Iron; Manganese; Chemical analysis; Dehydrogenases; Thermophilic bacteria; Hydrogenase; Anaerobic conditions; Thermoanaerobacter; USA, Colorado; USA, Colorado, Piceance Basin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.12.6013-6020.2002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric iron flux and surface chlorophyll at South Atlantic Ocean; a case study near Patagonia AN - 821967014; 2011-008210 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hernandez, Jose L AU - Erickson, David J, III AU - Ginoux, Paul AU - Gregg, Watson AU - McClain, Charles AU - Christian, Jim AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 102 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - three-dimensional models KW - clastic sediments KW - biochemistry KW - iron KW - nutrients KW - South America KW - transport KW - Patagonia KW - deposition KW - atmospheric transport KW - Argentina KW - metals KW - dust KW - sediments KW - South Atlantic KW - wind transport KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/821967014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+iron+flux+and+surface+chlorophyll+at+South+Atlantic+Ocean%3B+a+case+study+near+Patagonia&rft.au=Hernandez%2C+Jose+L%3BErickson%2C+David+J%2C+III%3BGinoux%2C+Paul%3BGregg%2C+Watson%3BMcClain%2C+Charles%3BChristian%2C+Jim%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hernandez&rft.aufirst=Jose&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Argentina; Atlantic Ocean; atmospheric transport; biochemistry; clastic sediments; deposition; dust; iron; metals; nutrients; Patagonia; sediments; South America; South Atlantic; three-dimensional models; transport; wind transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experiments testing the abatement of radiation damage in D-xylose isomerase crystals with cryogenic helium. AN - 72646152; 12409625 AB - Helium is a more efficient cryogen than nitrogen, and for macromolecular data collection at high-flux beamlines will deliver lower temperatures. An open-flow helium cryostat developed at the University of Toledo (the Pinkerton Device) has been used for macromolecular data collection. This device differs from standard commercial He cryostats by having a much narrower aperture providing a high velocity stream of He around the crystal that maximizes convective and conductive heat exchange between the crystal and the cryogen. This paper details a series of experiments conducted at the IMCA-CAT 17ID beamline using one crystal for each experimental condition to examine whether helium at 16 K provided better radiation-damage abatement compared with nitrogen at 100 K. These studies used matched high-quality crystals (0.94 A diffraction resolution) of D-xylose isomerase derived from the commercial material Gensweet SGI. Comparisons show that helium indeed abates the indicators of radiation damage, in this case resulting in longer crystal diffractive lifetimes. The overall trend suggests that crystals maintain order and that high-resolution data are less affected by increased radiation load when crystals are cooled with He rather than N(2). This is probably the result of a lower effective temperature at the crystal with concomitant reduction in free-radical diffusion. Other features, such as an apparent phase transition in macromolecular crystals at lower temperatures, require investigation to broaden the utility of He use. JF - Journal of synchrotron radiation AU - Hanson, B Leif AU - Harp, Joel M AU - Kirschbaum, Kristin AU - Schall, Constance A AU - DeWitt, Ken AU - Howard, Andrew AU - Pinkerton, A Alan AU - Bunick, Gerard J AD - University of Tennessee Oak Ridge Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, PO Box 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8080, USA. blm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/11/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 01 SP - 375 EP - 381 VL - 9 SN - 0909-0495, 0909-0495 KW - Metronidazole KW - 140QMO216E KW - Helium KW - 206GF3GB41 KW - Xylose KW - A1TA934AKO KW - Aldose-Ketose Isomerases KW - EC 5.3.1.- KW - xylose isomerase KW - EC 5.3.1.5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Crystallization KW - Animals KW - Scattering, Radiation KW - X-Ray Diffraction KW - Metronidazole -- radiation effects KW - Humans KW - Cats KW - Cold Temperature KW - Crystallography, X-Ray -- methods KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Aldose-Ketose Isomerases -- radiation effects KW - Xylose -- radiation effects KW - Radiation Injuries -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72646152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+synchrotron+radiation&rft.atitle=Experiments+testing+the+abatement+of+radiation+damage+in+D-xylose+isomerase+crystals+with+cryogenic+helium.&rft.au=Hanson%2C+B+Leif%3BHarp%2C+Joel+M%3BKirschbaum%2C+Kristin%3BSchall%2C+Constance+A%3BDeWitt%2C+Ken%3BHoward%2C+Andrew%3BPinkerton%2C+A+Alan%3BBunick%2C+Gerard+J&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+synchrotron+radiation&rft.issn=09090495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-07 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental and theoretical study of pressure effects on hydrogen isotope fractionation in the system brucite-water at elevated temperatures AN - 52042695; 2003-002565 AB - A detailed, systematic experimental and theoretical study was conducted to investigate the effect of pressure on equilibrium D/H fractionation between brucite (Mg(OH) (sub 2) ) and water at temperatures from 200 to 600 degrees C and pressures up to 800 MPa. A fine-grained brucite was isotopically exchanged with excess amounts of water, and equilibrium D/H fractionation factors were calculated by means of the partial isotope exchange method. Our experiments unambiguously demonstrated that the D/H fractionation factor between brucite and water increased by 4.4 to 12.4 per mil with increasing pressure to 300 or 800 MPa at all the temperatures investigated. The observed increases are linear with the density of water under experimental conditions. We calculated the pressure effects on the reduced partition function ratios (beta -factor) of brucite (300-800 K and P< or =800 MPa) and water (400-600 degrees C and P< or =100 MPa), employing a statistical-mechanical method similar to that developed by and a simple thermodynamic method based on the molar volumes of normal and heavy waters, respectively. Our theoretical calculations showed that the reduced partition function ratio of brucite increases linearly with pressure at a given temperature (as much as 12.6 per mil at 300 K and 800 MPa). The magnitude of the pressure effects rapidly decreases with increasing temperature. On the other hand, the beta -factor of water decreases 4 to 5 per mil with increasing pressure to 100 MPa at 400 to 600 degrees C. Overall D/H isotope pressure effects combined from the separate calculations on brucite and water are in excellent agreement with the experimental results under the same temperature-pressure range. Our calculations also suggest that under the current experimental conditions, the magnitude of the isotope pressure effects is much larger on water than brucite. Thus, the observed pressure effects on D/H fractionation are common to other systems involving water. It is very likely that under some geologic conditions, pressure is an important variable in controlling D/H partitioning. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Horita, Juske AU - Cole, David R AU - Polyakov, Veniamin B AU - Driesner, Thomas AU - Candela, Philip A Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 3769 EP - 3788 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 21 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - isotope fractionation KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - mineral-water interface KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - partitioning KW - theoretical studies KW - brucite KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - oxides KW - deuterium KW - high temperature KW - P-T conditions KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52042695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Experimental+and+theoretical+study+of+pressure+effects+on+hydrogen+isotope+fractionation+in+the+system+brucite-water+at+elevated+temperatures&rft.au=Horita%2C+Juske%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BPolyakov%2C+Veniamin+B%3BDriesner%2C+Thomas%3BCandela%2C+Philip+A&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=Juske&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=3769&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900887-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brucite; D/H; deuterium; experimental studies; high temperature; hydrogen; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; mineral-water interface; oxides; P-T conditions; partitioning; pressure; stable isotopes; temperature; theoretical studies; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00887-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical evolution of seawater during the Phanerozoic; implications from the record of marine evaporites AN - 52038061; 2003-002563 AB - The chemical evolution of seawater during the Phanerozoic is still a matter of debate. We have assembled and critically analyzed the available data for the composition of fluid inclusions in marine halite and for the mineralogy of marine evaporites. The composition of fluid inclusions in primary marine halite reveals two major long-term cycles in the chemistry of seawater during the past 600 myr. The concentration of Mg (super 2+) , Ca (super 2+) , and SO (sub 4) (super 2-) has varied quite dramatically. The Mg (super 2+) concentration in seawater during most of the early Paleozoic and Jurassic to Cretaceous was as low as 30 to 40 mmol/kg H (sub 2) O; it reached maximum values > or =50 mmol/kg H (sub 2) O during the Late Neoproterozoic and Permian. The Ca (super 2+) concentration in seawater during the Phanerozoic has reached maximum values two to three times greater than the concentration in seawater today (10.6 mmol/kg H (sub 2) O), whereas SO (sub 4) (super 2-) concentrations may have been as low as 5 to 10 mmol/kg H (sub 2) O (a third to a fifth of the modern value) during the Jurassic and Early Paleozoic. The Mg (super 2+) /Ca (super 2+) ratio in seawater ranged from 1 to 1.5 during the early to middle Paleozoic and Jurassic-Cretaceous to a near-modern value of 5.2 during the Late Neoproterozoic and Permian. This change in seawater Mg (super 2+) /Ca (super 2+) ratio is consistent with the notion of alternating "calcite-aragonite seas" recorded in oolites and marine carbonate cements. Several models have been proposed to explain the chemical evolution of seawater. These have invoked significant changes in one or more of the major geochemical processes that control the composition of seawater. The pattern and magnitude of the variations in the composition of seawater proposed in this study are similar to those proposed elsewhere that suggest that seawater fluxes through midocean ridges have played a major role in the evolution of seawater during the past 600 myr. Two Phanerozoic supercycles of the Earth's exogenic processes were recognized in the literature that are caused by mantle convection and plate activity. The composition of seawater has apparently undergone dramatic secular changes in phase with these supercycles and as a consequence of biological evolution. Analyses of fluid inclusions containing unevaporated seawater and a better understanding of the processes that affect the composition of seawater are needed to refine our understanding of the history of Phanerozoic seawater. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Horita, Juske AU - Zimmermann, Heide AU - Holland, Heinrich D AU - Candela, Philip A Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 3733 EP - 3756 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 21 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - halides KW - cycles KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - sea water KW - paleo-oceanography KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - major elements KW - inclusions KW - chlorides KW - depositional environment KW - geochemistry KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - sulfate ion KW - modern analogs KW - secular variations KW - Paleozoic KW - hydrochemistry KW - evaporites KW - Mesozoic KW - halite KW - models KW - Phanerozoic KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - fluid inclusions KW - reconstruction KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52038061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Chemical+evolution+of+seawater+during+the+Phanerozoic%3B+implications+from+the+record+of+marine+evaporites&rft.au=Horita%2C+Juske%3BZimmermann%2C+Heide%3BHolland%2C+Heinrich+D%3BCandela%2C+Philip+A&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=Juske&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=3733&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2801%2900884-5 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 101 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; calcium; Cenozoic; chemically precipitated rocks; chlorides; concentration; cycles; depositional environment; evaporites; fluid inclusions; geochemistry; halides; halite; hydrochemistry; inclusions; magnesium; major elements; marine environment; Mesozoic; metals; models; modern analogs; paleo-oceanography; Paleozoic; Phanerozoic; reconstruction; sea water; secular variations; sedimentary rocks; sulfate ion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00884-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of unsaturated flow along preferential pathways; implications for the use of mass balance calculations for isotope storm hydrograph separation AN - 52036756; 2003-005573 AB - An objective common to many watershed studies is to separate storm hydrographs into two components: water that was present in the watershed prior to a storm event (soil moisture and groundwater) and water which fell on the watershed during the storm. To use this approach, a number of assumptions must be made including that the composition of water in the soil moisture and groundwater reservoirs are constant and known. The objective of this paper is to show that in settings where flow and transport are dominated by preferential pathways for flow, steady state mass balance calculations for quantitative hydrograph separation may be in error. We present field data from a site where flow and transport are dominated by preferential pathways (relict fractures in saprolite of sedimentary rocks) which indicate that the delta (super 18) O content of the water in the unsaturated and shallow saturated zones is not constant over the course of a storm event. We use a numerical model to further explore the interactions between the fractures and surrounding matrix. Both the field data and modeling results indicate that the delta (super 18) O of the previous storm event(s) has a strong influence on water in the fractures. On the time scale of a storm event, only the water in the matrix immediately surrounding the fracture mixes with water in the fracture, while the bulk of the matrix is isolated from fracture flow. The spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the delta (super 18) O in the subsurface and the isolation of the most of the matrix water from flow in fractures make the measurement of a singular delta (super 18) O value for subsurface reservoirs problematic and the assumption of a constant value doubtful. Since most near-surface geologic materials have preferential flow paths, we suggest that quantitative hydrograph separation using mass balance techniques is not possible in most situations. Future field and modeling investigations using the approach outlined here could be designed to explore the important temporal and spatial scales of variability in watersheds, and lead to a more quantitative approach to storm hydrograph separation. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Van der Hoven, S J AU - Solomon, D K AU - Moline, G R Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 214 EP - 233 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 268 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - cycles KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - moisture KW - data processing KW - watersheds KW - unsaturated zone KW - stormwater KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - preferential flow KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - sedimentary rocks KW - hydrographs KW - mass balance KW - digital simulation KW - Tennessee KW - hydrodynamics KW - water regimes KW - storms KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - shale KW - isotope ratios KW - alkali metals KW - O-18/O-16 KW - sodium KW - hydrochemistry KW - saprolite KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - carbonate rocks KW - clastic rocks KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52036756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+unsaturated+flow+along+preferential+pathways%3B+implications+for+the+use+of+mass+balance+calculations+for+isotope+storm+hydrograph+separation&rft.au=Van+der+Hoven%2C+S+J%3BSolomon%2C+D+K%3BMoline%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Van+der+Hoven&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=268&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=214&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; atmospheric precipitation; carbonate rocks; clastic rocks; cycles; data processing; digital simulation; field studies; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; hydrodynamics; hydrographs; hydrology; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass balance; metals; moisture; numerical models; O-18/O-16; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; oxygen; preferential flow; Roane County Tennessee; saprolite; sedimentary rocks; shale; sodium; soils; stable isotopes; storms; stormwater; Tennessee; theoretical models; United States; unsaturated zone; water regimes; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and chemistry of grain boundaries in deformed, olivine + basalt and partially molten lherzolite aggregates; evidence of melt-free grain boundaries AN - 52020334; 2003-020612 AB - The olivine grain boundaries were analysed with various EM techniques to test for the presence of thin (0.5-10 nm) intergranular melt films. High-resolution TEM (HRTEM) observations reveal that most of the boundaries do not contain a thin amorphous phase, although a small fraction of grains are separated by relatively thick ( approximately 1 mu m) layers of melt. However, due to the anisotropy of the olivine--melt interfacial energy, melt often tapers from a triple junction into an adjoining grain boundary over a length of 1-2 mu m, giving an effective dihedral angle of only approximately 2 degrees . The chemistry of olivine-olivine grain boundaries was analysed using energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) profiling by scanning TEM (STEM) with a probe size of < 1.5 nm. Ca, Al and Ti segregate to grain boundaries forming enriched regions of < 7 nm width. Although these elements are concentrated in the glass phases, the presence of glass films with the same chemical composition as the bulk glass phases cannot explain concentrations of other elements such as Si and Al at the boundaries. Combined with the HRTEM results, the STEM/EDX profiling demonstrates the existence of chemical segregation between solid grains but the absence of thin, grain boundary melt films. Additionally, if melt films exist along all of the grain boundaries, as reported for similar samples by other groups, the rock should be substantially weakened. Creep experiments on the partially molten rocks analysed in this study reveal little weakening at small melt contents, consistent with the observations of melt-free grain boundaries. JF - Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology AU - Hiraga, T AU - Anderson, I M AU - Zimmerman, M E AU - Mei, S AU - Kohlstedt, D L Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 163 EP - 175 PB - Springer International, Heidelberg-New York VL - 144 IS - 2 SN - 0010-7999, 0010-7999 KW - silicates KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - structural analysis KW - olivine group KW - ultramafics KW - lherzolite KW - nesosilicates KW - plutonic rocks KW - mineral composition KW - grain boundaries KW - olivine KW - basalts KW - peridotites KW - orthosilicates KW - petrography KW - chemical composition KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52020334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contributions+to+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.atitle=Structure+and+chemistry+of+grain+boundaries+in+deformed%2C+olivine+%2B+basalt+and+partially+molten+lherzolite+aggregates%3B+evidence+of+melt-free+grain+boundaries&rft.au=Hiraga%2C+T%3BAnderson%2C+I+M%3BZimmerman%2C+M+E%3BMei%2C+S%3BKohlstedt%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Hiraga&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contributions+to+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.issn=00107999&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00410-002-0394-1 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(zmx2wiu4y01pcgigj5i3jxf5)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100406,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMPEAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; chemical composition; grain boundaries; igneous rocks; lherzolite; mineral composition; nesosilicates; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; peridotites; petrography; plutonic rocks; silicates; structural analysis; ultramafics; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-002-0394-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adsorption, sequestration, and bioaccessibility of As(V) in soils AN - 51849560; 2004-038178 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Yang, Jae-Kyu AU - Barnett, Mark O AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Basta, Nicholas T AU - Casteel, Stan W Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 4562 EP - 4569 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 36 IS - 21 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - oxidation KW - statistical analysis KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite method KW - adsorption KW - drinking water KW - iron KW - ferrous iron KW - bioaccumulation KW - mineral composition KW - metals KW - chemical properties KW - chemical composition KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51849560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Adsorption%2C+sequestration%2C+and+bioaccessibility+of+As%28V%29+in+soils&rft.au=Yang%2C+Jae-Kyu%3BBarnett%2C+Mark+O%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BBasta%2C+Nicholas+T%3BCasteel%2C+Stan+W&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Jae-Kyu&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=4562&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; arsenic; bioaccumulation; bioavailability; chemical composition; chemical properties; citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite method; concentration; drinking water; ferrous iron; iron; metals; mineral composition; oxidation; pollution; soils; statistical analysis; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Condensed layer ion positions at the rutile(110)-water interface with high brilliance X-rays AN - 51703657; 2005-040452 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Zhang, Zhan AU - Fenter, Paul A AU - Cheng, Likwan AU - Sturchio, Neil C AU - Park, Changyong AU - Bedzyk, Michael J AU - Machesky, Mike L AU - Anovitz, Larry M AU - Wesolowski, Dave J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - zinc KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - physicochemical properties KW - mineral-water interface KW - adsorption KW - ions KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - rutile KW - X-ray analysis KW - oxides KW - strontium KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51703657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Condensed+layer+ion+positions+at+the+rutile%28110%29-water+interface+with+high+brilliance+X-rays&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Zhan%3BFenter%2C+Paul+A%3BCheng%2C+Likwan%3BSturchio%2C+Neil+C%3BPark%2C+Changyong%3BBedzyk%2C+Michael+J%3BMachesky%2C+Mike+L%3BAnovitz%2C+Larry+M%3BWesolowski%2C+Dave+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Zhan&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkaline earth metals; experimental studies; ions; laboratory studies; metals; mineral-water interface; oxides; physicochemical properties; rutile; strontium; X-ray analysis; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption of Zn(II) and Co(II) on rutile surfaces from 25 to 250 degrees centigrade by pH titrations; impact of X-ray standing wave (XSW) and EXAFS studies on electrical double layer models AN - 51700543; 2005-040453 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Zhang, Zhan AU - Benezeth, Pascale AU - Fenter, Paul A AU - Sturchio, Neil C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - zinc KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - cobalt KW - physicochemical properties KW - mineral-water interface KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - rutile KW - EXAFS data KW - X-ray analysis KW - oxides KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51700543?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Sorption+of+Zn%28II%29+and+Co%28II%29+on+rutile+surfaces+from+25+to+250+degrees+centigrade+by+pH+titrations%3B+impact+of+X-ray+standing+wave+%28XSW%29+and+EXAFS+studies+on+electrical+double+layer+models&rft.au=Wesolowski%2C+David+J%3BMachesky%2C+Michael+L%3BZhang%2C+Zhan%3BBenezeth%2C+Pascale%3BFenter%2C+Paul+A%3BSturchio%2C+Neil+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wesolowski&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1396&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cobalt; EXAFS data; experimental studies; laboratory studies; metals; mineral-water interface; oxides; pH; physicochemical properties; rutile; sorption; X-ray analysis; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The utility of in situ X-ray standing wave measurements to help constrain surface complexation models AN - 51700434; 2005-040454 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Zhang, Zhan AU - Fenter, Paul A AU - Sturchio, Neil C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - physicochemical properties KW - complexing KW - mineral-water interface KW - adsorption KW - ions KW - models KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - rutile KW - X-ray analysis KW - oxides KW - strontium KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51700434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+utility+of+in+situ+X-ray+standing+wave+measurements+to+help+constrain+surface+complexation+models&rft.au=Machesky%2C+Michael+L%3BRidley%2C+Moira+K%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BZhang%2C+Zhan%3BFenter%2C+Paul+A%3BSturchio%2C+Neil+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Machesky&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1396&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkaline earth metals; complexing; experimental studies; ions; laboratory studies; metals; mineral-water interface; models; oxides; physicochemical properties; rutile; strontium; X-ray analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiative effects of volcanic aerosols and clouds on terrestrial photosynthesis AN - 51681294; 2005-061379 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Gu, Lianhong AU - Post, Mac AU - Baldocchi, Dennis AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - photosynthesis KW - Luzon KW - terrestrial environment KW - Far East KW - isotopes KW - El Chichon KW - stable isotopes KW - carbon dioxide KW - Mount Pinatubo KW - carbon KW - ecology KW - Asia KW - clouds KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - photochemistry KW - atmosphere KW - geochemical cycle KW - Mexico KW - Philippine Islands KW - eruptions KW - volcanoes KW - sulfur KW - aerosols KW - carbon cycle KW - Chiapas Mexico KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51681294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Radiative+effects+of+volcanic+aerosols+and+clouds+on+terrestrial+photosynthesis&rft.au=Gu%2C+Lianhong%3BPost%2C+Mac%3BBaldocchi%2C+Dennis%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Lianhong&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; Asia; atmosphere; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; Chiapas Mexico; clouds; ecology; El Chichon; eruptions; Far East; geochemical cycle; isotope ratios; isotopes; Luzon; Mexico; Mount Pinatubo; Philippine Islands; photochemistry; photosynthesis; stable isotopes; sulfur; terrestrial environment; volcanoes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Grain boundary chemistry in mantle rocks AN - 51664440; 2005-072863 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hiraga, Takehiko AU - Anderson, Ian M AU - Kohlstedt, David L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1458 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - segregation KW - Hawaii Island KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - natural materials KW - mantle KW - olivine group KW - Europe KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - plutonic rocks KW - ultramylonite KW - grain boundaries KW - olivine KW - metamorphic rocks KW - basalts KW - orthosilicates KW - Kilauea KW - geochemistry KW - synthetic materials KW - Hawaii County Hawaii KW - physicochemical properties KW - Hawaii KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - mylonites KW - Ivrea-Verbano Zone KW - ultramafics KW - nesosilicates KW - peridotites KW - Oceania KW - Polynesia KW - phenocrysts KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51664440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Grain+boundary+chemistry+in+mantle+rocks&rft.au=Hiraga%2C+Takehiko%3BAnderson%2C+Ian+M%3BKohlstedt%2C+David+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hiraga&rft.aufirst=Takehiko&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=1458&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; East Pacific Ocean Islands; Europe; geochemistry; grain boundaries; Hawaii; Hawaii County Hawaii; Hawaii Island; igneous rocks; Italy; Ivrea-Verbano Zone; Kilauea; mantle; metamorphic rocks; mylonites; natural materials; nesosilicates; Oceania; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; peridotites; phenocrysts; physicochemical properties; plutonic rocks; Polynesia; segregation; silicates; Southern Europe; synthetic materials; ultramafics; ultramylonite; United States; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Witwatersrand deep microbiology project; observations pertaining to hypothetical microbial ecosystems beneath the surface of Mars AN - 51621176; 2006-017895 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Onstott, T C AU - Lin, L AU - Hall, J AU - Mislowac, B AU - Borscik, M AU - Pfiffner, S AU - White, D C AU - Peacock, A AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Brockman, F AU - Moser, D P AU - Gihring, T M AU - Phelps, T J AU - Kieft, T AU - McCuddy, S AU - Sherwood-Lollar, B AU - Ward, J AU - Slater, G AU - Pratt, L M AU - Boice, E AU - Fong, J AU - Lippmann, J AU - Stute, M AU - Schloeser, P AU - Boone, D AU - Bonin, A AU - Southam, G AU - Lengke, M AU - Balkwill, D AU - Trimarco, E AU - Macko, S AU - Gilhooly, B AU - Baker, B AU - van Heerden, E AU - Litthaur, D AU - Knoessen, S AU - Rey, C AU - Davidson, M AU - Muthraparsad, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - isotopes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - astrobiology KW - Mars KW - life origin KW - noble gases KW - carbon KW - South Africa KW - organic carbon KW - Witwatersrand KW - mines KW - methane KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - alkanes KW - depth KW - gases KW - terrestrial planets KW - planets KW - organic compounds KW - hydrogen KW - Southern Africa KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - DNA KW - Africa KW - terrestrial comparison KW - microorganisms KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51621176?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+Witwatersrand+deep+microbiology+project%3B+observations+pertaining+to+hypothetical+microbial+ecosystems+beneath+the+surface+of+Mars&rft.au=Onstott%2C+T+C%3BLin%2C+L%3BHall%2C+J%3BMislowac%2C+B%3BBorscik%2C+M%3BPfiffner%2C+S%3BWhite%2C+D+C%3BPeacock%2C+A%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BBrockman%2C+F%3BMoser%2C+D+P%3BGihring%2C+T+M%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BKieft%2C+T%3BMcCuddy%2C+S%3BSherwood-Lollar%2C+B%3BWard%2C+J%3BSlater%2C+G%3BPratt%2C+L+M%3BBoice%2C+E%3BFong%2C+J%3BLippmann%2C+J%3BStute%2C+M%3BSchloeser%2C+P%3BBoone%2C+D%3BBonin%2C+A%3BSoutham%2C+G%3BLengke%2C+M%3BBalkwill%2C+D%3BTrimarco%2C+E%3BMacko%2C+S%3BGilhooly%2C+B%3BBaker%2C+B%3Bvan+Heerden%2C+E%3BLitthaur%2C+D%3BKnoessen%2C+S%3BRey%2C+C%3BDavidson%2C+M%3BMuthraparsad%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Onstott&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; astrobiology; bacteria; biochemistry; carbon; depth; DNA; gases; geomicrobiology; hydrocarbons; hydrogen; isotopes; life origin; Mars; methane; microorganisms; mines; noble gases; organic carbon; organic compounds; planets; South Africa; Southern Africa; terrestrial comparison; terrestrial planets; Witwatersrand ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In-situ microbial cultivation in a South African gold mine AN - 51591980; 2006-039909 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Mislowack, Bianca J AU - Onstott, Tullis C AU - Lin, Li-Hung AU - Davidson, Mark M AU - Pray, Thomas J AU - Ralston, Colin AU - Roberts, Peter AU - Kieft, Tom L AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - mines KW - biodegradation KW - sulfate ion KW - in situ KW - isotopes KW - phylogeny KW - isotope ratios KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - S-34/S-32 KW - decontamination KW - Southern Africa KW - bacteria KW - sulfur KW - anaerobic environment KW - Africa KW - South Africa KW - reduction KW - chemical composition KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51591980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=In-situ+microbial+cultivation+in+a+South+African+gold+mine&rft.au=Mislowack%2C+Bianca+J%3BOnstott%2C+Tullis+C%3BLin%2C+Li-Hung%3BDavidson%2C+Mark+M%3BPray%2C+Thomas+J%3BRalston%2C+Colin%3BRoberts%2C+Peter%3BKieft%2C+Tom+L%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mislowack&rft.aufirst=Bianca&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; anaerobic environment; bacteria; biodegradation; chemical composition; decontamination; ground water; in situ; isotope ratios; isotopes; microorganisms; mines; phylogeny; pollution; reduction; S-34/S-32; South Africa; Southern Africa; stable isotopes; sulfate ion; sulfur; surface water; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patterns in stream respiration and primary production along a gradient of upland soil and vegetation disturbance AN - 51536029; 2006-076677 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Houser, J N AU - Mulholland, P J AU - Maloney, K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - respiration KW - hydrology KW - Fort Benning KW - stream transport KW - Muscogee County Georgia KW - erosion KW - watersheds KW - suspended materials KW - vegetation KW - nutrients KW - spatial variations KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - ecology KW - seasonal variations KW - Georgia KW - soil erosion KW - military facilities KW - productivity KW - Columbus Georgia KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51536029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Patterns+in+stream+respiration+and+primary+production+along+a+gradient+of+upland+soil+and+vegetation+disturbance&rft.au=Houser%2C+J+N%3BMulholland%2C+P+J%3BMaloney%2C+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Houser&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+suppl.&rft.spage=F293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Columbus Georgia; drainage basins; ecology; erosion; Fort Benning; Georgia; hydrology; military facilities; Muscogee County Georgia; nutrients; productivity; respiration; seasonal variations; sediments; soil erosion; soils; spatial variations; stream transport; suspended materials; United States; vegetation; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metal reduction and mineral formation by an alkaliphilic Fe(III)-reducing bacterium isolated from an alkaline leachate pond AN - 51533464; 2006-080346 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Ye, Qi AU - Roh, Yul AU - Zhang, Chuanlun AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Fields, Matthew M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 247 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - reclamation KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ferric iron KW - algal mats KW - leachate KW - alkalinity KW - reduction KW - sedimentary structures KW - Eh KW - biomineralization KW - toxic materials KW - biogenic structures KW - biochemistry KW - alkali metals KW - solubility KW - sodium KW - bioremediation KW - algal structures KW - phosphate ion KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - boron KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51533464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Metal+reduction+and+mineral+formation+by+an+alkaliphilic+Fe%28III%29-reducing+bacterium+isolated+from+an+alkaline+leachate+pond&rft.au=Ye%2C+Qi%3BRoh%2C+Yul%3BZhang%2C+Chuanlun%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong%3BFields%2C+Matthew+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ye&rft.aufirst=Qi&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algal mats; algal structures; alkali metals; alkalinity; bacteria; biochemistry; biogenic processes; biogenic structures; biomineralization; bioremediation; boron; Eh; ferric iron; iron; leachate; metals; phosphate ion; reclamation; reduction; remediation; sedimentary structures; sodium; solubility; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S./South African undergraduate education and research workshops AN - 51533396; 2006-080397 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Coleman, K M AU - Nolan, J R AU - Davis, K L AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Kieft, T L AU - van Heerden, E AU - Litthauer, D AU - Pfiffner, S M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - programs KW - technology KW - biochemistry KW - international cooperation KW - education KW - research KW - geology KW - college-level education KW - educational resources KW - Southern Africa KW - Africa KW - ecology KW - South Africa KW - water resources KW - biology KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51533396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=U.S.%2FSouth+African+undergraduate+education+and+research+workshops&rft.au=Coleman%2C+K+M%3BNolan%2C+J+R%3BDavis%2C+K+L%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BKieft%2C+T+L%3Bvan+Heerden%2C+E%3BLitthauer%2C+D%3BPfiffner%2C+S+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Coleman&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; biochemistry; biology; college-level education; ecology; education; educational resources; geology; international cooperation; programs; research; South Africa; Southern Africa; technology; United States; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - TEM study of intergranular fluid distributions in rocks at a nanometer scale AN - 51529108; 2006-086167 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hiraga, T AU - Anderson, I M AU - Kohlstedt, D L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - segregation KW - igneous rocks KW - migration of elements KW - TEM data KW - melts KW - boundary conditions KW - ultramafics KW - rock mechanics KW - plutonic rocks KW - grain boundaries KW - rheology KW - magmas KW - peridotites KW - crust KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51529108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=TEM+study+of+intergranular+fluid+distributions+in+rocks+at+a+nanometer+scale&rft.au=Hiraga%2C+T%3BAnderson%2C+I+M%3BKohlstedt%2C+D+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hiraga&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F600&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; crust; grain boundaries; igneous rocks; magmas; melts; migration of elements; peridotites; plutonic rocks; rheology; rock mechanics; segregation; TEM data; ultramafics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel dynamics with the addition of diffusion to a SOC system AN - 51525638; 2006-088973 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Newman, David E AU - Sanchez, Raul AU - Carreras, B A AU - Ino, K AU - Woodard, Ryan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 654 EP - 655 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - systems KW - diffusion KW - self-organization KW - triggering KW - mechanism KW - relaxation KW - criticality KW - transport KW - dynamics KW - mass movements KW - self-organized criticality KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51525638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Novel+dynamics+with+the+addition+of+diffusion+to+a+SOC+system&rft.au=Newman%2C+David+E%3BSanchez%2C+Raul%3BCarreras%2C+B+A%3BIno%2C+K%3BWoodard%2C+Ryan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=654&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - criticality; diffusion; dynamics; earthquakes; mass movements; mechanism; relaxation; self-organization; self-organized criticality; systems; transport; triggering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Re-thinking the contradictions of soil moisture spatial variability AN - 51524298; 2006-088964 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Peters-Lidard, Christa D AU - Pan, Feifei AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 653 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - scale factor KW - hydrology KW - spatial variations KW - topography KW - moisture KW - dehydration KW - distribution KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51524298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Re-thinking+the+contradictions+of+soil+moisture+spatial+variability&rft.au=Peters-Lidard%2C+Christa+D%3BPan%2C+Feifei%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Peters-Lidard&rft.aufirst=Christa&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dehydration; distribution; hydrology; moisture; pore water; scale factor; soils; spatial variations; topography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New features of rescaled range analysis of the running sandpile with applications to geophysical systems AN - 51524130; 2006-088954 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Woodard, Ryan AU - Newman, D E AU - Sanchez, R AU - Carreras, B A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 651 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - scale factor KW - criticality KW - sandpile KW - power law KW - self-organization KW - seismicity KW - geophysical methods KW - applications KW - earthquakes KW - faults KW - geophysics KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51524130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=New+features+of+rescaled+range+analysis+of+the+running+sandpile+with+applications+to+geophysical+systems&rft.au=Woodard%2C+Ryan%3BNewman%2C+D+E%3BSanchez%2C+R%3BCarreras%2C+B+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Woodard&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=651&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; criticality; earthquakes; faults; geophysical methods; geophysics; power law; sandpile; scale factor; seismicity; self-organization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of point source removal on mercury bioaccumulation in an industrial pond AN - 16144764; 5524437 AB - A one hectare pond on the headwaters of a mercury-contaminated creek in Oak Ridge, Tennessee acted as a biochemical reactor for the production of methylmercury, increasing waterborne methylmercury concentrations in the stream below the pond discharge. The flow of the creek was diverted around the pond in order to eliminate this input. Waterborne total mercury, methylmercury, and mercury in fish, were monitored in the pond and stream before and after bypass. Waterborne methylmercury concentration in the creek downstream from the pond decreased over 80% following diversion of streamflow around the pond, but mercury in redbreast sunfish in the pond tailwater did not decline similarly. Within the pond, now isolated from fresh waterborne mercury inputs from the stream, methylmercury concentrations in the water column remained similar to levels present before bypass. However, mercury concentrations in sunfish in the pond decreased approximately 75% following bypass, despite the continued presence of highly contaminated sediments (approximately 50 mg Hg/kg dry weight). We concluded that a decrease in the fraction of 'dissolved methylmercury' in the isolated pond relative to pre-bypass conditions explained the decrease in mercury in fish within the pond. That observation also indicates that mercury associated with pond sediments was relatively unavailable for eventual bioaccumulation when compared to 'fresh' mercury contributed by upstream sources. The lack of a post-bypass decrease in mercury concentrations in tailwater fish was also likely to be associated with the particle-associated nature of waterborne methylmercury exported from the pond. JF - Chemosphere AU - Southworth, G R AU - Peterson, MJ AU - Bogle, MA AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, MS 6036, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, southworthgr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - Nov 2002 SP - 455 EP - 460 VL - 49 IS - 5 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Water Pollution Sources KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Heavy metals KW - Freshwater fish KW - Streams KW - Ponds KW - Industrial sites KW - Water Pollution Control KW - Bioreactors KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Mercury-197 KW - Data Collections KW - Methylmercury KW - Fate of Pollutants KW - Fish (see also Individual groups) KW - Aquatic environment KW - Stream flow KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Mercury KW - Fish KW - Biological reactors (see also Individual systems) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16144764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Effect+of+point+source+removal+on+mercury+bioaccumulation+in+an+industrial+pond&rft.au=Southworth%2C+G+R%3BPeterson%2C+MJ%3BBogle%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Southworth&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioaccumulation; Heavy metals; Mercury; Aquatic environment; Industrial sites; Ponds; Methylmercury; Bioreactors; Freshwater fish; Streams; Fish (see also Individual groups); Mercury-197; Biological reactors (see also Individual systems); Stream flow; Water Pollution Control; Path of Pollutants; Water Pollution Sources; Fate of Pollutants; Sediment Contamination; Fish; Data Collections ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response to landscape disturbance; an ecologic overview AN - 52004146; 2003-029091 AB - Landscape disturbances can have significant impacts yet seldom are included in management plans. Although this neglect may stem from relative unfamiliarity with a kind of event that rarely occurs in the experience or jurisdiction of individual managers, it may also reflect the assumption that landscape disturbances are so large and powerful as to be beyond the ability of managers to affect. However, some landscape disturbances can be influenced by management, and for many others, the resilience or recovery of the system disrupted by the disturbance can be influenced to meet management goals. Such results can be achieved through advanced planning that allow for disturbances, whether caused by natural events, human activities, or a combination of the two. Management plans for disturbances may adopt a variety of goals depending on the nature of the system and the nature of the anticipated disturbance regime. Managers can choose to influence 1) the system prior to the disturbance, 2) the disturbance itself, 3) the system after the disturbance, or 4) the recovery process. Prior to the disturbance, the system can be managed in ways that alter its vulnerability or change how it will respond to a disturbance. The disturbance can be managed through no action, preventive measures, or manipulations that can affect the intensity or frequency of the disturbance. Recovery efforts can focus on either managing the state of the system immediately after the disturbance or managing the ongoing process of recovery. This review of the management implications of landscape disturbances suggests that management actions should be tailored to particular disturbance characteristics and management goals. Management actions should foster survival of residuals and spatial heterogeneity that promote the desired recovery pattern and process. Most importantly, however, management plans need to recognize disturbances and include the potential for such disturbances to occur. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 47 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - human activity KW - land management KW - ecology KW - landscapes KW - preventive measures KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52004146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Response+to+landscape+disturbance%3B+an+ecologic+overview&rft.au=Dale%2C+Virginia+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ecology; human activity; land management; landscapes; preventive measures ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of nanoscale porosity on the structure and dynamics of fluids AN - 51865058; 2004-021246 AB - Hydrocarbons, aqueous solutions, and gaseous species (e.g. CO2, CH4) can occupy the pores or fractures of numerous types of complex heterogeneous solids. The size, distribution and connectivity of these confined geometries, the chemistry of the solid, the chemistry of the fluids and their physical properties collectively dictate how fluids migrate into and through these micro- and nano-environments, wet and ultimately react with the solid surfaces. In order to assess key features of the fluid-matrix interaction at the nanoscale, a multidisciplinary approach was taken that employed neutron and X-ray scattering, simulations, and thermodynamic measurements to quantitatively describe the molecular properties of pure water, aqueous electrolytes and simple hydrocarbons confined to well-characterized porous media that serve as analogues to natural materials. Results have been obtained in four separate, but interrelated areas. Various types of microscopy (SEM; TEM) and scattering (SAXS, SANS) have been used to characterize a number of porous silicas, carbon fiber monoliths, zeolites and clays prior to interaction with fluids. Water adsorption/desoprtion isotherms have been determined on these materials up to 200 degrees C. FTIR, NMR and QENS spectra have been obtained on water and, in the case of QENS, on electrolyte solutions (LiCl, CaCl2, NdCl3) confined in silica pore glass. Our simulation (GCMC) effort thus far has focused on the behavior of water in slit pores geometries composed of either carbon or mica. These studies conducted in concert are providing an understanding at the molecular level of how intrinsically different fluids behave in confined geometries compared to bulk systems. If properly calibrated and scaled, an atomistic or molecular understanding of fluid-solid interaction may provide quantitative insight into the behavior of systems at the macroscopic scale. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Cole, David R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 118 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - methane KW - matrix KW - connectivity KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - electrolytes KW - aqueous solutions KW - alkanes KW - simulation KW - TEM data KW - porosity KW - infrared spectra KW - geometry KW - carbon dioxide KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - X-ray data KW - quantitative analysis KW - hydrocarbons KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - SEM data KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51865058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Influence+of+nanoscale+porosity+on+the+structure+and+dynamics+of+fluids&rft.au=Cole%2C+David+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aqueous solutions; carbon dioxide; connectivity; electrolytes; geochemistry; geometry; hydrocarbons; infrared spectra; matrix; methane; organic compounds; physical properties; porosity; quantitative analysis; SEM data; simulation; spectra; TEM data; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Did changes in seawater chemistry play a role in the Cambrian explosion? AN - 51857162; 2004-033282 AB - Analyses of primary fluid inclusions contained in terminal Proterozoic ( approximately 544 Ma, Ara Group, Oman) and Early Cambrian ( approximately 515 Ma, Angarskaya Formation, Siberia) marine chevron halites are indicative of a three-fold increase of seawater Ca (super 2+) concentrations during the Early Cambrian. The fluid inclusion analyses, and accompanying geochemical modeling, indicate that the increase in Ca (super 2+) concentration was accompanied by a decrease in other major ions during the Early Cambrian. Over the same period, SO (sub 4) (super 2-) decreased by up to 85 percent whereas Mg (super 2+) , K (super +) , and Na (super +) decreased 18, 15, and 10 percent, respectively. This increase in the Ca (super 2+) concentration of seawater may have created a chemical environment that was favorable for the onset of the development of calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate skeletons among metazoans. Metazoan diversification began approximately 1000 Ma, but early metazoans were small. Widespread evidence of trace fossils beginning approximately 550 Ma suggests that metazoans became larger and more abundant in the Neoproterozoic. Although fluctuations in the major-ion chemistry of seawater likely occurred many times in the Precambrian, the Early Cambrian was probably the first time metazoans experienced such high concentrations of Ca (super 2+) in seawater. Therefore, we propose that this major pulse in the concentration of Ca (super 2+) in seawater, following the rise of the metazoans, triggered metabolic changes that led to the pervasive biocalcification of the Cambrian Explosion. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Brennan, Sean T AU - Lowenstein, Tim K AU - Horita, Juske AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 170 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - sea water KW - upper Precambrian KW - paleo-oceanography KW - ions KW - Cambrian KW - Siberia KW - inclusions KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - species diversity KW - Neoproterozoic KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sulfate ion KW - Precambrian KW - Paleozoic KW - metabolism KW - Oman KW - Lower Cambrian KW - Angarskaya Formation KW - alkali metals KW - calcification KW - Proterozoic KW - sodium KW - hydrochemistry KW - models KW - Arabian Peninsula KW - speciation KW - metals KW - potassium KW - fluid inclusions KW - Ara Group KW - Metazoa KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 08:General paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51857162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Did+changes+in+seawater+chemistry+play+a+role+in+the+Cambrian+explosion%3F&rft.au=Brennan%2C+Sean+T%3BLowenstein%2C+Tim+K%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brennan&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=170&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; Angarskaya Formation; Ara Group; Arabian Peninsula; Asia; calcification; calcium; Cambrian; fluid inclusions; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; inclusions; ions; Lower Cambrian; magnesium; metabolism; metals; Metazoa; models; Neoproterozoic; Oman; paleo-oceanography; Paleozoic; potassium; Precambrian; Proterozoic; sea water; Siberia; sodium; speciation; species diversity; sulfate ion; upper Precambrian ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption of neodymium versus strontium on rutile surfaces to elevated temperatures AN - 51840223; 2004-044584 AB - The interaction of terminal oxygen atoms on mineral surfaces with natural aqueous solutions results in the hydroxylation of surface sites, which impart a pH-dependent surface charge. The surface charge density (Coulombs per square meter of mineral surface) of a given crystal face varies widely as a function of temperature, pH, and solution composition. Furthermore, the charged mineral surface attracts cations and anions from the bulk solution, influencing phenomena such as mineral nucleation, dissolution and precipitation rates, colloid flocculation, and contaminant transport. Bulk potentiometric surface titrations have become a standard technique for determining surface charge density; in addition, specific ion adsorption studies are also conducted as a function of pH. This presentation will summarize our experimental results characterizing the adsorption of neodymium and strontium ions on rutile surfaces to 250 degrees C. Interest in Nd has been stimulated by its chemical similarity to trivalent actinides, and the need to understand the aqueous geochemistry of rare earths, actinides and radionuclides to predict their fate in the environment. Moreover, the temperature range investigated includes the extremes of natural environments, as well as field conditions associated with high-level radioactive waste storage. Divalent and trivalent cations enhance dramatically the development of negative surface charge on rutile with respect to monovalent electrolyte ions. Moreover, surface charge development increases with increasing temperature and ionic strength. At elevated temperatures adsorbed Sr enhanced the negative surface charge beginning at pH values near the pHznpc, whereas even at 25 degrees C Nd sorbs to the surface well below the pHznpc. Our experimental results will be rationalized with the temperature extended Multisite Complexation model, and complementary x-ray standing wave and crystal truncation rod experiments. The latter experiments suggest that the Sr and Nd ions are adsorbed as an inner-sphere tetradentate complex, within a condensed layer that also includes bound water molecules. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 192 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - flocculation KW - sorption KW - oxygen KW - solutions KW - complexing KW - aqueous solutions KW - solution KW - ions KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - transport KW - oxides KW - rare earths KW - pH KW - water KW - high-level waste KW - alkaline earth metals KW - colloidal materials KW - titration KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - rates KW - potentiometric surface KW - electrolytes KW - adsorption KW - models KW - X-ray data KW - nucleation KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - rutile KW - cations KW - waste disposal KW - neodymium KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51840223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Sorption+of+neodymium+versus+strontium+on+rutile+surfaces+to+elevated+temperatures&rft.au=Ridley%2C+Moira+K%3BMachesky%2C+Michael+L%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; adsorption; alkaline earth metals; aqueous solutions; cations; colloidal materials; complexing; electrolytes; flocculation; high-level waste; ions; metals; models; neodymium; nucleation; oxides; oxygen; pH; pollution; potentiometric surface; precipitation; prediction; radioactive waste; rare earths; rates; rutile; solution; solutions; sorption; strontium; temperature; titration; transport; waste disposal; water; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sourcing turquoise using O and H isotopes AN - 51839427; 2004-044537 AB - The evolution of the turquoise trade played a crucial role in the cultural intensification of social systems along the northern frontier of Mesoamerica and southwestern portions of the United States. Reconstruction of prehistoric southwestern turquoise trade networks depends on accurate knowledge of the sources of materials. Therefore, a method that can distinguish between turquoise source areas is important because once signatures for source areas have been established, artifacts from prehistoric archaeological sites can then be tested and inferences about the organization of their socio-political organization can be evaluated. Despite numerous trace element studies and a few isotopic studies, none have satisfactorily differentiated between all the turquoise source areas that exist in southwestern United States. We use a combination of geologic and a relatively non-destructive isotope analysis method (O and H isotope analyses by ion microprobe) to characterize and differentiate between seven turquoise mining districts in southwestern United States, which are potential source areas. The isotopic composition of O and H atoms in precipitation varies with latitude as well as other factors. Preliminary analyses of turquoise from four mining regions in the southwestern United States indicate that this regional isotopic variation is reflected in the water molecules bound into turquoise. Turquoise from each mining district has a unique O and H isotopic signature. The theoretical basis for this regional variation in the O and H isotopes of turquoise is that rainwater was the solvent forming the turquoise deposit. Thus, the O and H isotopic composition of turquoise is potentially a powerful tool for characterizing and distinguishing between source regions. The analysis of additional turquoise samples from a wide range of sources promises to provide a method to differentiate among the various turquoise sources. If preliminary results are confirmed, a "source fingerprint" will permit archaeologists to identify the sources of turquoise found at sites across the continent and providing new insight into pre-contact trade patterns in North America. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Milford, Homer E AU - Mathien, Frances Joan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 184 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - stable isotopes KW - artifacts KW - spectra KW - trace elements KW - geochemistry KW - rain KW - water KW - archaeology KW - isotope ratios KW - phosphates KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Southwestern U.S. KW - hydrochemistry KW - turquoise KW - archaeological sites KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - reconstruction KW - Central America KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51839427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Sourcing+turquoise+using+O+and+H+isotopes&rft.au=Fayek%2C+Mostafa%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BMilford%2C+Homer+E%3BMathien%2C+Frances+Joan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fayek&rft.aufirst=Mostafa&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - archaeological sites; archaeology; artifacts; atmospheric precipitation; Central America; D/H; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrogen; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; O-18/O-16; oxygen; phosphates; rain; reconstruction; Southwestern U.S.; spectra; stable isotopes; trace elements; turquoise; United States; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydration of Pachuca obsidian; implications for oddSIMS archaeochronometry AN - 51839348; 2004-044539 AB - Obsidian hydration dating has long been high in promise but short on results. Unfortunately, most of our mechanistic understanding of this problem is based on experiments on quenched high temperature melts. Needed polytemporal-polythermal and spectroscopic studies detailing the time evolution of the diffusion profile at low temperatures are rare. Thus, few useful data are available. We have experimentally hydrated obsidian from the Pachuca source (Basin of Mexico) at temperatures from approximately 20-150 degrees C for times ranging from 1 day to over three years, and compared these results with data obtained from the Chalco site in the Basin of Mexico. Samples have been analyzed using SIMS to provide concentration-depth data. Results clearly demonstrate that a simple square-root-of-time model of the evolution of the diffusion profile is not adequate and that the low-temperature hydration process is qualitatively and quantitatively different from that at higher temperatures. Diffusion profile shapes show the effects of concentration- and stress-dependent, non-Fickian diffusion. Extrapolation of high temperature data for hydroxyl and molecular water concentrations suggests that hydroxyl groups should be essentially nonexistent in this temperature range, but their presence is clearly indicated by FTIR. Total oxygen and hydrogen analyses show that the increase in hydrogen in the rim is not accompanied by a detectable increase in oxygen content, and obsidian hydration thus appears to be a hydrogenation process. With progressive hydration, characteristic diffusion coefficients first decrease, then increase with time. Surface concentration increases with time, but at T * 75 degrees C an intermediate plateau is observed. The latter is associated in glassy polymer systems with the build-up and relaxation of self-stress caused by the influx of diffusing material. An intrinsic hydration chronometric technique must, therefore, account for more than simple diffusive processes to be effective. Research sponsored by the Archaeometry Program, National Science Foundation, and by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Elam, J M AU - Riciputi, L R AU - Cole, D R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 184 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - diffusion KW - archaeology KW - volcanic rocks KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - glasses KW - igneous rocks KW - mass spectra KW - Valley of Mexico KW - artifacts KW - temperature KW - Pachuca Mexico KW - infrared spectra KW - hydration KW - Mexico KW - hydration of glass KW - hydrogen KW - obsidian KW - spectra KW - high temperature KW - Hidalgo Mexico KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51839348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Hydration+of+Pachuca+obsidian%3B+implications+for+oddSIMS+archaeochronometry&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+L+M%3BElam%2C+J+M%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - archaeology; artifacts; diffusion; glasses; Hidalgo Mexico; high temperature; hydration; hydration of glass; hydrogen; igneous rocks; infrared spectra; ion probe data; mass spectra; Mexico; obsidian; oxygen; Pachuca Mexico; spectra; temperature; Valley of Mexico; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Profilometer-based study of nanometer- to millimeter-scale growth kinetics of calcite from CO2-rich fluids AN - 51793228; 2004-077444 AB - Two distinctively different methods have been used in the literature to study the precipitation and dissolution of calcium carbonates in aqueous solutions; a) bulk, macroscopic method using powdered carbonates or single crystals with linear growth rates calculated either from the amount of titrants injected or from weight gains, and b) in situ, real-time atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods, which can provide atomic- or nanometer-scale understanding of nucleation and growth of calcite. Thus, these techniques are on the two ends of a spectrum in terms of spatial and temporal resolutions. We have developed a novel method for accurate determination of linear growth rates of calcite with height profiles on the order of tens of nanometers and a linear scanning range of several millimeters, employing a computer-driven stylus-based profilometer. By scanning the same line on the surface of single crystals of calcite before and after experiments, 2-dimensional growth patterns and rates can be obtained as a function of time and solution compositions. Our results at 25 degrees C, pCO2 = 0.1 bar, and degree of supersaturation of 4.5 to 9.3 showed that a) numerous rhombic pits in size ranging from a few to tens of micro-m occurring randomly across the crystal surface bounded by [441] and [481] (AFM), b) uneven growth of calcite on the cleaved surface over a mm range with an average growth rate of 29+ or -17 nm/hr (profilometer), and c) non-uniform coverage by new layers of calcite even within the same cleaved surface (microscope). This study demonstrated the need and utility of 2D and 3D growth rate measurements of calcite and other minerals from an atomic to macroscopic scales. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Horita, Juske AU - Schaaff, T G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 306 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - in situ KW - three-dimensional models KW - structural analysis KW - data processing KW - crystal growth KW - aqueous solutions KW - solution KW - two-dimensional models KW - measurement KW - carbon dioxide KW - calcite KW - profilometers KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - nucleation KW - saturation KW - precipitation KW - foliation KW - kinetics KW - cleavage KW - carbonates KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - P-T conditions KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51793228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Profilometer-based+study+of+nanometer-+to+millimeter-scale+growth+kinetics+of+calcite+from+CO2-rich+fluids&rft.au=Horita%2C+Juske%3BSchaaff%2C+T+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=Juske&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=306&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; aqueous solutions; atomic force microscopy data; calcite; carbon dioxide; carbonates; cleavage; crystal growth; data processing; foliation; in situ; instruments; kinetics; measurement; nucleation; P-T conditions; precipitation; profilometers; saturation; solution; structural analysis; three-dimensional models; two-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Critical evaluation of calculated vapor-liquid equilibria for CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O fluids at 300 and 350 degrees C AN - 51790834; 2004-077231 AB - Excess molar volumes (V (super ex) ) and vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) for CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O fluids at 300 and 350 degrees C, 7.5-100 MPa--measured precisely and accurately in experiments performed with a unique, vibrating U-tube apparatus--were used to assess corresponding CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O V (super ex) and VLE calculated from the thermodynamic models of Holloway (1977, as corrected by Flowers, 1979), Kerrick and Jacobs (1981), and Duan et al. (1992a,b). The Duan et al. (1992a,b) model provides fairly accurate CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O VLE for 350 degrees C, but results for 300 degrees C are spurious, indicating erroneously that critical conditions are not achieved at that temperature. The CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O VLE for 300 and 350 degrees C supplied by the Holloway (1977) and Kerrick and Jacobs (1981) modified Redlich-Kwong equations are too errant to be of any practical use in geochemistry and petrology. The inaccuracies in the CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O VLE for 300 and 350 degrees C calculated from the three thermodynamic models are attributable to poor predictions of: (i) the saturation vapor pressure of pure H (sub 2) O at 300 and 350 degrees C; and (ii) the P-V-T properties of CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O mixtures at 300 and 350 degrees C, 0-100 MPa. It is concluded that additional accurate volumetric and VLE data, and more rigorous thermodynamic modeling techniques, are required to develop a comprehensive, theoretically robust, and computationally reliable equation of state for CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O fluids. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 270 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - models KW - experimental studies KW - phase equilibria KW - thermodynamic properties KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - temperature KW - P-T conditions KW - evaluation KW - carbon dioxide KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51790834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Critical+evaluation+of+calculated+vapor-liquid+equilibria+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+-H+%28sub+2%29+O+fluids+at+300+and+350+degrees+C&rft.au=Blencoe%2C+James+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Blencoe&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=270&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; carbon dioxide; evaluation; experimental studies; instruments; models; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; temperature; thermodynamic properties; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental determination of phase equilibria in the system H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) -NaCl at 0.5 kb from 500 to 700 degrees C AN - 51704712; 2005-048119 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Labotka, T C AU - Blencoe, J G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 363 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - halides KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - solution KW - halite KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - geothermal systems KW - phase equilibria KW - magmas KW - metal ores KW - chlorides KW - P-T conditions KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51704712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Experimental+determination+of+phase+equilibria+in+the+system+H+%28sub+2%29+O-CO+%28sub+2%29+-NaCl+at+0.5+kb+from+500+to+700+degrees+C&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+L+M%3BLabotka%2C+T+C%3BBlencoe%2C+J+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; chlorides; experimental studies; geothermal systems; halides; halite; magmas; metal ores; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; pressure; reservoir rocks; sodium chloride; solution; temperature; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Why Would Anyone Object? An Exploration of Social Aspects of Phytoremediation Acceptability AN - 20220380; 10252713 AB - Referee: Mr. Peter Siebach, Environmental Engineer, U.S. Department of Energy, Chicago Operations Office, 9800 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 Phytoremediation comprises a suite of promising cleanup technologies that use plants to remove or contain contaminants in soil and water. To be deployed, phytoremediation must be both technically and socially acceptable. This article explores the potential social acceptability of phytoremediation options proposed for use at specific sites and describes the conceptual framework that guides our exploration. The framework, called PACT (Public Acceptability of Controversial Technologies), consists of Dialog, Technology, Constituent, and Context dimensions. It posits that remediation decision making is a social process informed by scientific and technical information, rather than a science- or technology-driven process. Although empirical data are scarce, applying PACT shows that a number of issues have the potential to impose conditions on the social acceptability of phytoremediation, and that some issues could lead to outright rejection. Further, because many of these issues concern values and goals, they cannot be resolved simply by providing better or more detailed technical information about phytoremediation. PACT is instructive in showing how even seemingly benign or desirable technologies such as phytoremediation have the potential to generate public controversy, delineating issues in ways that can help lead to their resolution. JF - Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences AU - Wolfe, Amy K AU - Bjornstad, David J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6205 Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 429 EP - 438 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Milton Park, Abingdon Oxford OX14 4RN UK, [URL:http://www.taylorandfrancis.co.uk/] VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0735-2689, 0735-2689 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - USA, Illinois, Chicago KW - Data processing KW - Bioremediation KW - Social aspects KW - Soil contamination KW - Soil pollution KW - Decision making KW - acceptability KW - USA KW - Phytoremediation KW - Energy KW - Reviews KW - Contaminants KW - phytoremediation KW - Benign KW - Technology KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20220380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Plant+Sciences&rft.atitle=Why+Would+Anyone+Object%3F+An+Exploration+of+Social+Aspects+of+Phytoremediation+Acceptability&rft.au=Wolfe%2C+Amy+K%3BBjornstad%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Wolfe&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Plant+Sciences&rft.issn=07352689&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F0735-260291044304 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; USA, Illinois, Chicago; Phytoremediation; acceptability; Technology; Reviews; Bioremediation; Soil contamination; phytoremediation; Contaminants; Data processing; Soil pollution; Energy; Social aspects; Benign; Decision making DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0735-260291044304 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - pH-Dependent fate and transport of NTA-complexed cobalt through undisturbed cores of fractured shale saprolite AN - 19921650; 5472958 AB - The codisposal of toxic metals and radionuclides with organic chelating agents has been implicated in the facilitated transport of the inorganic contaminants away from primary waste disposal areas. We investigated the transport of Co super(II)NTA through undisturbed cores of fractured shale saprolite. Experiments were conducted across the pH range 4 to 8 by collecting cores from different locations within the weathering profile. Aqueous complexation, adsorption, dissociation and oxidation reactions influenced Co super(II)NTA transport. The suite of reaction products identified in column effluent varied with experimental pH. At low pH and in the presence of abundant exchangeable aluminum, Co transport occurred predominantly as the Co super(2+) ion. At higher pH, Co was transported primarily as Co super(II)NTA and the Co(III) species Co super(III)(HNTA) sub(2) and Co super(III)(IDA) sub(2). The formation of the geochemical oxidation products (Co(III) species) has far reaching implications as these compounds are kinetically and thermodynamically stable, are transported more rapidly than Co super(II)NTA, and are resistant to biodegradation. These results demonstrate that natural minerals, in the physical structure encountered naturally, can be more important in the formation of mobile, stable contaminant forms than they can be for the retardation and dissociation of the contaminants. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Brooks, S C AU - Carroll, S L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, brookssc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 191 EP - 207 VL - 58 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Adsorption KW - Waste Disposal KW - Waste disposal KW - pH effects KW - pH KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19921650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=pH-Dependent+fate+and+transport+of+NTA-complexed+cobalt+through+undisturbed+cores+of+fractured+shale+saprolite&rft.au=Brooks%2C+S+C%3BCarroll%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pH effects; pH; Waste disposal; Waste Disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monoclonal Antibodies to CD44 Epitopes on Mouse Endothelium AN - 18627003; 5527965 AB - CD44 is a widely expressed, plasma membrane protein. Many molecular forms of CD44 are possible as it is encoded by a gene with multiple exons that can be alternatively spliced and its deduced protein sequence contains numerous glycosylation sites. Through its role as an adhesion molecule, CD44 is involved in many and diverse biological processes, including angiogenesis, lymphogenesis, wound healing, inflammation, and cancer metastasis. We have developed a new panel of rat monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to murine CD44 by immunization with mouse lung endothelial cells (LEII cells). The antibodies were characterized using immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, competition binding, and cross Western blot experiments with MAb 133-13A, which recognizes CD44 expressed on tumor cells. The new MAbs recognize three distinct epitope groups. MAbs 531-2A and 531-32A compete for binding with the MAb 133-13A that was described previously. MAb 531-30A identifies a CD44 epitope found on low molecular weight forms expressed in vivo, while MAb 531-22A appears to recognize an epitope specific for endothelial cells. This novel panel of anti-CD44 antibodies has potential for investigating the role of CD44 in disease pathogenesis models in the mouse. They may be particularly useful for examining the role of endothelial cells in these models. JF - Hybridoma and Hybridomics AU - Davern, S M AU - Lankford, P K AU - Foote, L J AU - Kennel, S J AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6101, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA, kennelsj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 339 EP - 349 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 1536-8599, 1536-8599 KW - CD44 antigen KW - lymphogenesis KW - mice KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - W3 33375:Antibodies KW - F 06711:Monoclonal antibodies, hybridomas, antigens and antisera KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18627003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hybridoma+and+Hybridomics&rft.atitle=Monoclonal+Antibodies+to+CD44+Epitopes+on+Mouse+Endothelium&rft.au=Davern%2C+S+M%3BLankford%2C+P+K%3BFoote%2C+L+J%3BKennel%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Davern&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hybridoma+and+Hybridomics&rft.issn=15368599&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Net primary productivity of a CO sub(2)-enriched deciduous forest and the implications for carbon storage AN - 18612400; 5526578 AB - A central question concerning the response of terrestrial ecosystems to a changing atmosphere is whether increased uptake of carbon in response to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration results in greater plant biomass and carbon storage or, alternatively, faster cycling of C through the ecosystem. Net primary productivity (NIP) of a closed-canopy Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum) forest stand was assessed for three years in a free-air CO sub(2)-enrichment (FACE) experiment. NPP increased 21% in stands exposed to elevated CO sub(2), and there was no loss of response over time. Wood increment increased significantly during the first year of exposure, but subsequently most of the extra C was allocated to production of leaves and fine roots. These pools turn over more rapidly than wood, thereby reducing the potential of the forest stand to sequester additional C in response to atmospheric CO sub(2) enrichment. Hence, while this experiment provides the first evidence that CO sub(2) enrichment can increase productivity in a closed-canopy deciduous forest, the implications of this result must be tempered because the increase in productivity resulted in faster cycling of C through the system rather than increased C storage in wood. The fate of the additional C entering the soil system and the environmental interactions that influence allocation need further investigation. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Norby, R J AU - Hanson, P J AU - O'Neill, E G AU - Tschaplinski, T J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Gunderson, CA AU - Edwards, N T AU - Weltzin, J F AU - Hansen, R A AU - Cheng, W AU - Johnson, D W AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 1261 EP - 1266 PB - Ecological Society of America VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04125:Temperate forests KW - D 04500:Atmosphere UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18612400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Net+primary+productivity+of+a+CO+sub%282%29-enriched+deciduous+forest+and+the+implications+for+carbon+storage&rft.au=Norby%2C+R+J%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BO%27Neill%2C+E+G%3BTschaplinski%2C+T+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BGunderson%2C+CA%3BEdwards%2C+N+T%3BWeltzin%2C+J+F%3BHansen%2C+R+A%3BCheng%2C+W%3BJohnson%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of atrazine and four organophosphorus pesticides in ground water using solid phase microextraction (SPME) followed by gas chromatography with selected-ion monitoring AN - 16163645; 5640072 AB - A rapid, sensitive, and convenient method is presented for the determination of atrazine and four organophosphorus pesticides (OPP) in small (10 ml) samples of ground water. Samples are initially fortified with ethion (internal standard), then extracted without organic solvent using a 65- mu m thickness polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS-DVB) solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber. The analytes collected are thermally desorbed in a heated gas chromatographic inlet, separated using a fused-silica capillary column, and detected using a mass selective detector in its selected-ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Two independent statistical procedures were used to evaluate the detection limits, which typically range between 2 and 8 mu g l super(-1) for these analytes. Method performance was also evaluated using "performance evaluation" samples, in which clean authentic ground waters were fortified to known concentrations with at least two of the analytes of interest. Sample-to-sample analysis time is approximately 30 min, making the new method ideal for "quick turn" determinations. JF - Journal of Chromatography A AU - Tomkins, BA AU - Ilgner, R H AD - Environmental Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA, tomkinsba@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 183 EP - 194 VL - 972 IS - 2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Extraction procedures KW - Organophosphorus compounds KW - Pesticides (Organophosphorus) KW - Water sampling KW - Statistical analysis KW - Weedkiller KW - Water analysis KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Gas chromatography KW - Atrazine KW - Pesticides KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Sampling methods KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16163645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.atitle=Determination+of+atrazine+and+four+organophosphorus+pesticides+in+ground+water+using+solid+phase+microextraction+%28SPME%29+followed+by+gas+chromatography+with+selected-ion+monitoring&rft.au=Tomkins%2C+BA%3BIlgner%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Tomkins&rft.aufirst=BA&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=972&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0021-9673%2802%2901121-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Organophosphorus compounds; Water sampling; Gas chromatography; Pesticides; Atrazine; Statistical analysis; Groundwater pollution; Sampling methods; Pollution (Groundwater); Extraction procedures; Pesticides (Organophosphorus); Weedkiller; Water analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01121-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing recovery in a stream ecosystem: Applying multiple chemical and biological endpoints AN - 16141951; 5527735 AB - Recovery dynamics in a previously disturbed stream undergoing remediation was assessed by measuring several chemical and biological endpoints. Three major trophic levels (periphyton, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fish communities) were analyzed along with various biological indicators of fish health including sub-organismal (biochemical and physiological) and individual-level responses. Ambient toxicity testing, water quality measurements, and fish bioaccumulation studies were also conducted to provide additional indicators of stream recovery. Information on chemical loading, biological exposure (bioaccumulation), and bioassays help identify the underlying or mechanistic basis of recovery, while endpoints measured on instream biota, and particularly those at higher levels of biological organization, are key responses for understanding the dynamics and ecological significance of recovery. When assessing recovery in aquatic ecosystems, it is important to conduct long-term field studies incorporating a variety of response variables that represent a wide range of sensitivities and response time scales. The value of different endpoints for assessing recovery depends on the inherent characteristics that are related to response variability and sensitivity, specificity and causal relationships to stressors, and ecological relevance. Long-term data sets incorporating a variety and range of these endpoints are needed to improve our understanding of natural variability in streams and provide a baseline against which effects of disturbance and subsequent recovery processes can be evaluated. The complexity of aquatic systems and their variable recovery dynamics suggest that no single measure is adequate for assessing aquatic ecosystem recovery and that a suite of chemical and biological endpoints is required for a more complete understanding of ecosystem dynamics and status during both the recovery and the post-disturbance periods. Such information should be valuable to environmental managers and regulators in helping to make more informed decisions regarding effective management and mitigation practices in disturbed systems. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Adams, S M AU - Hill, W R AU - Peterson, MJ AU - Ryon, M G AU - Smith, J G AU - Stewart, A J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 1510 EP - 1527 PB - Ecological Society of America VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Variability KW - Chemistry KW - Ecosystems KW - Water quality measurements KW - Freshwater KW - Water quality KW - Streams KW - Restoration KW - Biota KW - Varieties KW - Ecosystem management KW - Stream Pollution KW - Rivers KW - Data processing KW - Ecosystem resilience KW - Toxicity KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - Aquatic environment KW - Trophic levels KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Decision making KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Freshwater ecosystems KW - Ecosystem dynamics KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Scales KW - Remediation KW - Environmental restoration KW - Fish Populations KW - Periphyton KW - Toxicity testing KW - Environment management KW - Freshwater ecology KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - K 03320:Cell Biology KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control KW - D 04715:Reclamation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16141951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Assessing+recovery+in+a+stream+ecosystem%3A+Applying+multiple+chemical+and+biological+endpoints&rft.au=Adams%2C+S+M%3BHill%2C+W+R%3BPeterson%2C+MJ%3BRyon%2C+M+G%3BSmith%2C+J+G%3BStewart%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1510&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Biota; Ecosystem resilience; Ecosystem management; Water quality; Environment management; Freshwater ecology; Ecosystem disturbance; Restoration; Aquatic organisms; Data processing; Aquatic ecosystems; Streams; Trophic levels; Decision making; Freshwater ecosystems; Bioaccumulation; Ecosystem dynamics; Scales; Environmental restoration; Periphyton; Toxicity testing; Chemistry; Water quality measurements; Remediation; Aquatic environment; Variability; Ecosystems; Water Pollution Effects; Varieties; Stream Pollution; Toxicity; Fish Populations; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new view of ion adsorption at mineral-fluid interfaces with synchrotron X-ray scattering AN - 51680911; 2005-063949 JF - Abstracts of the ... General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association AU - Fenter, P AU - Zhang, Z AU - Schlegel, M L AU - Park, C AU - Cheng, L AU - Nagy, K L AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Machesky, M AU - Bedzyk, M J AU - Sturchio, N C AU - Parsons, Ian Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 98 PB - International Mineralogical Association, [location varies] VL - 18 KW - water KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - muscovite KW - mineral-water interface KW - adsorption KW - ions KW - synchrotron radiation KW - X-ray data KW - mica group KW - rutile KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51680911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.atitle=A+new+view+of+ion+adsorption+at+mineral-fluid+interfaces+with+synchrotron+X-ray+scattering&rft.au=Fenter%2C+P%3BZhang%2C+Z%3BSchlegel%2C+M+L%3BPark%2C+C%3BCheng%2C+L%3BNagy%2C+K+L%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BMachesky%2C+M%3BBedzyk%2C+M+J%3BSturchio%2C+N+C%3BParsons%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Fenter&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 18th general meeting of the International Mineralogical Association N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03852 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; experimental studies; ions; mica group; mineral-water interface; muscovite; oxides; rutile; sheet silicates; silicates; synchrotron radiation; water; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical and thermodynamic properties of gas clathrate hydrates determined by in situ neutron scattering AN - 51678979; 2005-063891 JF - Abstracts of the ... General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association AU - Chakoumakos, B C AU - Rawn, C J AU - Rondione, A J AU - Stern, L A AU - Circone, S AU - Kirby, S H AU - Ishii, Yoshinobu AU - Jones, C Y AU - Toby, B H AU - Parsons, Ian Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 80 EP - 81 PB - International Mineralogical Association, [location varies] VL - 18 KW - hydrates KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - gas hydrates KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - stability KW - crystal structure KW - Rietveld refinement KW - clathrates KW - order-disorder KW - laboratory studies KW - physical properties KW - neutron diffraction data KW - thermodynamic properties KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51678979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.atitle=Physical+and+thermodynamic+properties+of+gas+clathrate+hydrates+determined+by+in+situ+neutron+scattering&rft.au=Chakoumakos%2C+B+C%3BRawn%2C+C+J%3BRondione%2C+A+J%3BStern%2C+L+A%3BCircone%2C+S%3BKirby%2C+S+H%3BIshii%2C+Yoshinobu%3BJones%2C+C+Y%3BToby%2C+B+H%3BParsons%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Chakoumakos&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 18th general meeting of the International Mineralogical Association N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03852 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clathrates; crystal structure; experimental studies; gas hydrates; hydrates; in situ; laboratory studies; neutron diffraction data; order-disorder; physical properties; Rietveld refinement; stability; thermodynamic properties; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neutron diffraction and Li MAS-NMR study of the amblygonite (LiAlPO (sub 4) F)-montebrasite (LiAlPO (sub 4) OH) solid solution AN - 51677003; 2005-063927 JF - Abstracts of the ... General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association AU - Groat, L A AU - Chakoumakos, B C AU - Hoffman, C M AU - Morell, H AU - Fyfe, C A AU - Schultz, A J AU - Parsons, Ian Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 91 PB - International Mineralogical Association, [location varies] VL - 18 KW - experimental studies KW - lithium KW - montebrasite KW - alkali metals KW - crystal structure KW - phosphates KW - solid solution KW - powder method KW - NMR spectra KW - MAS NMR spectra KW - temperature KW - order-disorder KW - hydroxyl ion KW - single-crystal method KW - metals KW - neutron diffraction data KW - spectra KW - lattice parameters KW - amblygonite KW - crystal chemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51677003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.atitle=Neutron+diffraction+and+Li+MAS-NMR+study+of+the+amblygonite+%28LiAlPO+%28sub+4%29+F%29-montebrasite+%28LiAlPO+%28sub+4%29+OH%29+solid+solution&rft.au=Groat%2C+L+A%3BChakoumakos%2C+B+C%3BHoffman%2C+C+M%3BMorell%2C+H%3BFyfe%2C+C+A%3BSchultz%2C+A+J%3BParsons%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Groat&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 18th general meeting of the International Mineralogical Association N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03852 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; amblygonite; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; experimental studies; hydroxyl ion; lattice parameters; lithium; MAS NMR spectra; metals; montebrasite; neutron diffraction data; NMR spectra; order-disorder; phosphates; powder method; single-crystal method; solid solution; spectra; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A synthesis of carbon sequestration, carbon emissions, and net carbon flux in agriculture: comparing tillage practices in the United States AN - 20080692; 5494661 AB - The atmospheric CO sub(2) concentration is increasing, due primarily to fossil-fuel combustion and deforestation. Sequestering atmospheric C in agricultural soils is being advocated as a possibility to partially offset fossil-fuel emissions. Sequestering C in agriculture requires a change in management practices, i.e. efficient use of pesticides, irrigation, and farm machinery. The C emissions associated with a change in practices have not traditionally been incorporated comprehensively into C sequestration analyses. A full C cycle analysis has been completed for agricultural inputs, resulting in estimates of net C flux for three crop types across three tillage intensities. The full C cycle analysis includes estimates of energy use and C emissions for primary fuels, electricity, fertilizers, lime, pesticides, irrigation, seed production, and farm machinery. Total C emissions values were used in conjunction with C sequestration estimates to model net C flux to the atmosphere over time. Based on US average crop inputs, no-till emitted less CO sub(2) from agricultural operations than did conventional tillage, with 137 and 168 kg C ha super(-1) per year, respectively. Changing from conventional tillage to no-till is therefore estimated to both enhance C sequestration and decrease CO sub(2) emissions. While the enhanced C sequestration will continue for a finite time, the reduction in net CO sub(2) flux to the atmosphere, caused by the reduced fossil-fuel use, can continue indefinitely, as long as the alternative practice is continued. Estimates of net C flux, which are based on US average inputs, will vary across crop type and different climate regimes. The C coefficients calculated for agricultural inputs can be used to estimate C emissions and net C flux on a site-specific basis. JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment AU - West, TO AU - Marland, G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, Bldg 1509, M.S. 6335, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA, westto@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 217 EP - 232 VL - 91 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-8809, 0167-8809 KW - carbon sequestration KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - USA KW - Fossil fuels KW - Carbon cycle KW - Emission measurements KW - Air pollution control KW - Energy consumption KW - Crops KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20080692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=A+synthesis+of+carbon+sequestration%2C+carbon+emissions%2C+and+net+carbon+flux+in+agriculture%3A+comparing+tillage+practices+in+the+United+States&rft.au=West%2C+TO%3BMarland%2C+G&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=TO&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01678809&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Fossil fuels; Emission measurements; Carbon cycle; Air pollution control; Energy consumption; Crops; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbiological characteristics in a zero-valent iron reactive barrier. AN - 72024339; 12194417 AB - Zero-valent iron (Fe0)-based permeable reactive barrier treatment has been generating great interest for passive groundwater remediation, yet few studies have paid particular attention to the microbial activity and characteristics within and in the vicinity of the Fe0-barrier matrix. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the microbial population and community composition in the reducing zone of influence by Fe0 corrosion in the barrier at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant site. Both phospholipid fatty acids and DNA analyses were used to determine the total microbial population and microbial functional groups, including sulfate-reducing bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and methanogens, in groundwater and soil/iron core samples. A diverse microbial community was identified in the strongly reducing Fe0 environment despite a relatively high pH condition within the Fe0 barrier (up to pH approximately 10). In comparison with those found in the background soil/groundwater samples, the enhanced microbial population ranged from approximately 1 to 3 orders of magnitude and appeared to increase from upgradient of the barrier to downgradient soil. In addition, microbial community composition appeared to change over time, and the bacterial types of microorganisms increased consistently as the barrier aged. DNA analysis indicated the presence of sulfate-reducing and denitrifying bacteria in the barrier and its surrounding soil. However, the activity of methanogens was found to be relatively low, presumably as a result of the competition by sulfate/metal-reducing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria because of the unlimited availability of sulfate and nitrate in the site groundwater. Results of this study provide evidence of a diverse microbial population within and in the vicinity of the iron barrier, although the important roles of microbial activity, either beneficially or detrimentally, on the longevity and enduring efficiency of the Fe0 barriers are yet to be evaluated. JF - Environmental monitoring and assessment AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Watson, David B AU - Wu, Liyou AU - Phillips, Debra H AU - White, David C AU - Zhou, Jizhong AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. b26@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 293 EP - 309 VL - 77 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - 0 KW - Nitrates KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Sulfates KW - Water Pollutants KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sulfates -- metabolism KW - Permeability KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Nitrates -- metabolism KW - Corrosion KW - Adsorption KW - DNA, Bacterial -- analysis KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Iron -- chemistry KW - Water Purification -- methods KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72024339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.atitle=Microbiological+characteristics+in+a+zero-valent+iron+reactive+barrier.&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BWu%2C+Liyou%3BPhillips%2C+Debra+H%3BWhite%2C+David+C%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-14 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of earthworm (Eisenia fetida) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw additions on selected properties of petroleum-contaminated soils. AN - 71974204; 12152766 AB - Current bioremediation techniques for petroleum-contaminated soils are designed to remove contaminants as quickly and efficiently as possible, but not necessarily with postremediation soil biological quality as a primary objective. To test a simple postbioremediation technique, we added earthworms (Eisenia fetida) or wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw to petroleum land-farm soil and measured biological quality of the soil as responses in plant growth, soil respiration, and oil and grease (O&G) and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations. Results indicated that plant growth was greater in earthworm-treated land-farm soil. Furthermore, addition of wheat straw resulted in greater total respiration in all soils tested (land-farm soil, noncontaminated reference soil, and a 1:1 mixture of land-farm and reference soils). We observed a 30% increase in soil respiration in straw-amended oily soil, whereas respiration increased by 246% in straw-amended reference soil. Much of the difference between oily and reference soils was attributable to higher basal respiration rates of nonamended oily soil compared to nonamended reference soil. Addition of earthworms resulted in greater total respiration of all soil and straw treatments except two (the land-farm and the 1:1 mixture soil treatments without straw). Straw and earthworm treatments did not affect O&G or TPH concentrations. Nevertheless, our findings that earthworm additions improved plant growth and that straw additions enhanced microbial activity in land-farm soil suggest that these treatments may be compatible with plant-based remediation techniques currently under evaluation in field trials, and could reduce the time required to restore soil ecosystem function. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Callaham, Mac A AU - Stewart, Arthur J AU - Alarcón, Clara AU - McMillen, Sara J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831, USA. mcallaham@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 1658 EP - 1663 VL - 21 IS - 8 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Petroleum KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Animals KW - Oxygen -- metabolism KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Petroleum -- metabolism KW - Soil Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Oligochaeta -- physiology KW - Soil Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Triticum -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71974204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+earthworm+%28Eisenia+fetida%29+and+wheat+%28Triticum+aestivum%29+straw+additions+on+selected+properties+of+petroleum-contaminated+soils.&rft.au=Callaham%2C+Mac+A%3BStewart%2C+Arthur+J%3BAlarc%C3%B3n%2C+Clara%3BMcMillen%2C+Sara+J&rft.aulast=Callaham&rft.aufirst=Mac&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1658&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Small-angle X-ray scattering study of the quasi-crystal structure of montmorillonite-CTAB in suspension AN - 52063199; 2002-069076 AB - The quasi-crystals of hexadecyltrimethylammonium (CTA+)-montmorillonite formed in suspension were investigated by small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). The d-spacing of the quasi-crystals increased from 17.1 to 21.7 Aa, corresponding to an increasing surfactant loading from 20 to 250% of the clay's cation exchange capacity (CEC). One-dimensional grating theory was used to describe the scattering in the Porod region so that the number of clay layers and crystal size were obtained. The quasi-crystal reaches maximum size at a surfactant loading equal to the clay's CEC. The scattering peaks in the Porod region are due solely to quasi-crystals. Small-angle x-ray scattering avoids intermediate peaks resulting from the artificial interstratification of free and complexed layers in conventional x-ray diffraction analysis. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Shang, C AU - Rice, J A AU - Lin, J S Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 1225 EP - 1230 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 66 IS - 4 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - quasicrystals KW - hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide KW - cation exchange capacity KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - clay mineralogy KW - suspended materials KW - crystal structure KW - clay minerals KW - Wyoming KW - surfactants KW - standard materials KW - small-angle X-ray scattering data KW - porod region KW - sheet silicates KW - applications KW - geochemistry KW - montmorillonite KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52063199?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Small-angle+X-ray+scattering+study+of+the+quasi-crystal+structure+of+montmorillonite-CTAB+in+suspension&rft.au=Shang%2C+C%3BRice%2C+J+A%3BLin%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Shang&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.scijournals.org/ http://soil.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on August 6, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; cation exchange capacity; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; crystal structure; geochemistry; hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide; montmorillonite; porod region; quasicrystals; sheet silicates; silicates; small-angle X-ray scattering data; standard materials; surfactants; suspended materials; United States; Wyoming; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular-based study of the electric double layer in hydrothermal systems AN - 51901167; 2004-006201 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Cummings, Peter T AU - Predota, Milan AU - Chialvo, Ariel A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 160 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - hydroxyl ion KW - titanium oxides KW - oxides KW - mineral-water interface KW - molecular dynamics KW - electrostatic properties KW - adsorption KW - geochemistry KW - electrochemical properties KW - layered materials KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51901167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Molecular-based+study+of+the+electric+double+layer+in+hydrothermal+systems&rft.au=Cummings%2C+Peter+T%3BPredota%2C+Milan%3BChialvo%2C+Ariel+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; electrochemical properties; electrostatic properties; geochemistry; hydrothermal conditions; hydroxyl ion; layered materials; mineral-water interface; molecular dynamics; oxides; titanium oxides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport in fractured saprolite; determining diffusive mass transfer and surface reaction kinetics parameters AN - 51889841; 2004-013591 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Gwo, J P AU - Mayes, M A AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 300 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - fractured materials KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - saprolite KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - tracers KW - Tennessee KW - mass transfer KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - clastic rocks KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51889841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+in+fractured+saprolite%3B+determining+diffusive+mass+transfer+and+surface+reaction+kinetics+parameters&rft.au=Gwo%2C+J+P%3BMayes%2C+M+A%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gwo&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=300&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; clastic rocks; diffusion; experimental studies; fractured materials; geochemistry; kinetics; mass transfer; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; saprolite; sedimentary rocks; soils; solute transport; Tennessee; tracers; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of temperature on ion adsorption phenomena AN - 51886888; 2004-015516 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 472 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - high-level waste KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - pollutants KW - complexing KW - pollution KW - mineral-water interface KW - adsorption KW - MUSIC KW - ions KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - MUltiSIte Complexing model KW - rutile KW - oxides KW - waste disposal KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51886888?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+temperature+on+ion+adsorption+phenomena&rft.au=Machesky%2C+Michael+L%3BRidley%2C+Moira+K%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Machesky&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=472&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; colloidal materials; complexing; experimental studies; geochemistry; high-level waste; ions; laboratory studies; mineral-water interface; MUltiSIte Complexing model; MUSIC; oxides; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; rutile; temperature; transport; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissolution of iron-rich clay and sulfur sequestration by a sulfate-reducing bacterium AN - 51886762; 2004-015481 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Li, Yi-Liang AU - Yang, John AU - Zhang, Chuanlun L AU - Deng, Baolin AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 453 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - clay KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - mass spectra KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - ferruginous composition KW - iron KW - remediation KW - laboratory studies KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - rain KW - pH KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - sequestration KW - living taxa KW - clastic sediments KW - pollution KW - nontronite KW - clay minerals KW - acid rain KW - ICP mass spectra KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sulfur KW - sheet silicates KW - SEM data KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51886762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Dissolution+of+iron-rich+clay+and+sulfur+sequestration+by+a+sulfate-reducing+bacterium&rft.au=Li%2C+Yi-Liang%3BYang%2C+John%3BZhang%2C+Chuanlun+L%3BDeng%2C+Baolin%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Yi-Liang&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; atmospheric precipitation; bacteria; biogenic processes; clastic sediments; clay; clay minerals; decontamination; experimental studies; ferruginous composition; geochemistry; ICP mass spectra; iron; laboratory studies; living taxa; mass spectra; metals; nontronite; pH; pollution; rain; reduction; remediation; sediments; SEM data; sequestration; sheet silicates; silicates; soils; spectra; sulfate ion; sulfur; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled cation and oxygen exchange between alkali feldspar and aqueous chloride solution AN - 51884934; 2004-015428 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Labotka, Theodore C AU - Cole, David R AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 427 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - sanidine KW - halogens KW - coupling KW - aqueous solutions KW - metasomatism KW - stable isotopes KW - electron probe data KW - alkali feldspar KW - chloride ion KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - framework silicates KW - ion exchange KW - geochemistry KW - chlorine KW - plagioclase KW - experimental studies KW - isotope ratios KW - mineral-water interface KW - albite KW - O-18/O-16 KW - cations KW - feldspar group KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51884934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Coupled+cation+and+oxygen+exchange+between+alkali+feldspar+and+aqueous+chloride+solution&rft.au=Labotka%2C+Theodore+C%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BFayek%2C+Mostafa%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Labotka&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - albite; alkali feldspar; aqueous solutions; cations; chloride ion; chlorine; coupling; electron probe data; experimental studies; feldspar group; framework silicates; geochemistry; halogens; hydrothermal alteration; ion exchange; isotope ratios; isotopes; metasomatism; mineral-water interface; O-18/O-16; oxygen; plagioclase; sanidine; silicates; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Empirical equations for representing vapor-liquid equilibria in the CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O system at 110-350 degrees C AN - 51873454; 2004-025517 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 82 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - liquid phase KW - theoretical studies KW - gaseous phase KW - phase equilibria KW - mathematical models KW - hydrochemistry KW - geochemistry KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51873454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Empirical+equations+for+representing+vapor-liquid+equilibria+in+the+CO+%28sub+2%29+-H+%28sub+2%29+O+system+at+110-350+degrees+C&rft.au=Blencoe%2C+James+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Blencoe&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; gaseous phase; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; liquid phase; mathematical models; phase equilibria; temperature; theoretical studies; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fatty acids and stable carbon isotopes of a sulfate-reducing bacterium; implications for carbon cycling in organic-rich marine sediments AN - 51867099; 2004-028273 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - McBeth, Joyce AU - Giles, Barbara AU - Ye, Ellen AU - Li, Yi-Liang AU - Zhang, Chuanlun L AU - Wall, Judy D AU - Huang, Yongsong AU - Horita, Juske AU - Cole, David R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 498 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - sulfate ion KW - fatty acids KW - lipids KW - isotopes KW - metabolism KW - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans KW - biomarkers KW - stable isotopes KW - geochemical cycle KW - substrates KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - marine sediments KW - carbon KW - Desulfovibrio KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - reduction KW - carbon cycle KW - geochemistry KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51867099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Fatty+acids+and+stable+carbon+isotopes+of+a+sulfate-reducing+bacterium%3B+implications+for+carbon+cycling+in+organic-rich+marine+sediments&rft.au=McBeth%2C+Joyce%3BGiles%2C+Barbara%3BYe%2C+Ellen%3BLi%2C+Yi-Liang%3BZhang%2C+Chuanlun+L%3BWall%2C+Judy+D%3BHuang%2C+Yongsong%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McBeth&rft.aufirst=Joyce&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=498&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biomarkers; carbon; carbon cycle; Desulfovibrio; Desulfovibrio desulfuricans; fatty acids; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; isotopes; lipids; marine sediments; metabolism; organic acids; organic compounds; reduction; sediments; stable isotopes; substrates; sulfate ion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a micro-cavity ion source for enhanced efficiency in thermal ionisation mass spectrometry AN - 51866111; 2004-028433 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Riciputi, L R AU - Ingeneri, K B AU - Hedberg, P M L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 638 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - chemical analysis KW - precision KW - plutonium KW - techniques KW - mass spectroscopy KW - ions KW - thermal ionization mass spectroscopy KW - metals KW - uranium KW - efficiency KW - spectroscopy KW - actinides KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51866111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+micro-cavity+ion+source+for+enhanced+efficiency+in+thermal+ionisation+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Riciputi%2C+L+R%3BIngeneri%2C+K+B%3BHedberg%2C+P+M+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Riciputi&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=638&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; actinides; chemical analysis; efficiency; instruments; ions; mass spectroscopy; metals; plutonium; precision; spectroscopy; techniques; thermal ionization mass spectroscopy; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new method for U-Pb isotopic analyses of uranium oxide minerals by SIMS AN - 51865584; 2004-021168 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Fayek, M AU - Riciputi, L R AU - Kyser, T K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 226 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - U/Pb KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - unconformity-type deposits KW - thermal ionization mass spectra KW - mass spectra KW - lead KW - techniques KW - ions KW - stable isotopes KW - laboratory studies KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dates KW - U-235/Pb-207 KW - standard materials KW - absolute age KW - oxides KW - applications KW - spectra KW - experimental studies KW - chemical analysis KW - isotope ratios KW - matrix KW - U-238/Pb-206 KW - uranium minerals KW - new methods KW - models KW - uranium ores KW - Canada KW - metals KW - metal ores KW - uranium KW - uraninite KW - actinides KW - 03:Geochronology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51865584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=A+new+method+for+U-Pb+isotopic+analyses+of+uranium+oxide+minerals+by+SIMS&rft.au=Fayek%2C+M%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R%3BKyser%2C+T+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fayek&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=226&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; actinides; applications; Canada; chemical analysis; dates; experimental studies; ion probe data; ions; isotope ratios; isotopes; laboratory studies; lead; mass spectra; matrix; metal ores; metals; mineral deposits, genesis; models; new methods; oxides; radioactive isotopes; spectra; stable isotopes; standard materials; techniques; thermal ionization mass spectra; U-235/Pb-207; U-238/Pb-206; U/Pb; unconformity-type deposits; uraninite; uranium; uranium minerals; uranium ores ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation of an alkaliphilic metal-reducing bacterium from a saline pond containing high concentrations of boron AN - 51851676; 2004-036120 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Ye, Q AU - Fields, M AU - Zhou, J AU - Roh, Y AU - Phelps, T J AU - Zhang, C L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 861 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - fatty acids KW - analog simulation KW - borax KW - salinity KW - borates KW - iron KW - temperature KW - remediation KW - laboratory studies KW - decontamination KW - applications KW - alkalinity KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - hydrology KW - esters KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - acetates KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - geochemical cycle KW - alkalic composition KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - limnology KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - boron KW - ferric citrate KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51851676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Isolation+of+an+alkaliphilic+metal-reducing+bacterium+from+a+saline+pond+containing+high+concentrations+of+boron&rft.au=Ye%2C+Q%3BFields%2C+M%3BZhou%2C+J%3BRoh%2C+Y%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BZhang%2C+C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ye&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=861&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetates; alkalic composition; alkalinity; analog simulation; applications; bacteria; biogenic processes; bioremediation; borates; borax; boron; decontamination; esters; experimental studies; fatty acids; ferric citrate; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrology; iron; laboratory studies; limnology; metals; organic acids; organic compounds; pH; reduction; remediation; salinity; sodium chloride; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microarray Transcription Profiling of a Shewanella oneidensis etrA Mutant AN - 18460705; 5434990 AB - DNA microarrays were used to examine the effect of an insertional mutation in the Shewanella oneidensis etrA (electron transport regulator) locus on gene expression under anaerobic conditions. The mRNA levels of 69 genes with documented functions in energy and carbon metabolism, regulation, transport, and other cellular processes displayed significant alterations in transcript abundance in an etrA-mutant genetic background. This is the first microarray study indicating a possible involvement of EtrA in the regulation of gene expression in S. oneidensis MR-1. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Beliaev, A S AU - Thompson, D K AU - Fields, M W AU - Wu, L AU - Lies, D P AU - Nealson, KH AU - Zhou, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038., zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - Aug 2002 SP - 4612 EP - 4616 VL - 184 IS - 16 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - DNA microarrays KW - etrA gene KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - N 14510:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - J 02726:RNA and ribosomes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18460705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Microarray+Transcription+Profiling+of+a+Shewanella+oneidensis+etrA+Mutant&rft.au=Beliaev%2C+A+S%3BThompson%2C+D+K%3BFields%2C+M+W%3BWu%2C+L%3BLies%2C+D+P%3BNealson%2C+KH%3BZhou%2C+J&rft.aulast=Beliaev&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=184&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=4612&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.184.16.4612-4616.2002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.184.16.4612-4616.2002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating net primary productivity from grassland biomass dynamics measurements AN - 18443337; 5423479 AB - To address the need for a high quality data set based upon field observations suitable for parameterization, calibration, and validation of terrestrial biosphere models, we have developed a comprehensive global database on net primary productivity (NPP). We have compiled field measurements of biomass and associated environmental data for multiple study sites in major grassland types worldwide. Where sufficient data were available, we compared aboveground and total NPP estimated by six computational methods (algorithms) for 31 grassland sites. As has been found previously, NPP estimates were 2-5 times higher using methods which accounted for the dynamics of dead matter, compared with what is still the most commonly applied estimate of NPP (maximum peak live biomass). It is suggested that assumptions such as the use of peak biomass as an indicator of NPP in grasslands may apply only within certain subbiomes, e.g. temperate steppe grasslands. Additional data on belowground dynamics, or other reliable estimates of belowground productivity, are required if grasslands are to be fully appreciated for their role in the global carbon cycle. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Scurlock, J M AU - Johnson, K AU - Olson, R J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6407, USA, olsonrj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - Aug 2002 SP - 736 EP - 753 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 8 IS - 8 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04001:Methodology - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18443337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Estimating+net+primary+productivity+from+grassland+biomass+dynamics+measurements&rft.au=Scurlock%2C+J+M%3BJohnson%2C+K%3BOlson%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Scurlock&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=736&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2486.2002.00512.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00512.x ER - TY - BOOK T1 - A Simulation Study of Factors Controlling White Sturgeon Recruitment in the Snake River AN - 17782309; 5704720 AB - Five of the nine populations of white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus, located between dams on the Middle Snake River, have declined from historical levels and are now at risk of extinction. One step towards more effectively protecting and managing these nine populations is ranking factors that influence recruitment in each of these river segments. We developed a model to suggest which of seven mechanistic factors contribute most to lost recruitment in each river segment: (1) temperature-related mortality during incubation, (2) flow-related mortality during incubation, (3) downstream export of larvae, (4) limitation of juvenile and adult habitat, (5) mortality of all ages during summer episodes of poor water quality in reservoirs, (6) entrainment mortality of juveniles and adults, and (7) angling mortality. We simulated recruitment with, and without, each of the seven factors, over a typical series of hydrologic years. We found a hierarchical pattern of limitation. In the first tier, river segments with severe water quality problems grouped together. Poor water quality during summer had a strong negative effect on recruitment in the river segments between Swan Falls Dam and Hell's Canyon Dam. In the second tier, river segments with better water quality divided into short river segments and longer river segments. Populations in short river segments were limited by larval export. Populations in longer river segments tended to be less strongly limited by any one factor. We also found that downstream effects could be important, suggesting that linked populations cannot be viewed in isolation. In two cases, the effects of a factor on an upstream population had a significant influence on its downstream neighbors. JF - American Fisheries Society Symposium AU - Jager, H I AU - Van Winkle, W AU - Chandler, JA AU - Lepla, K B AU - Bates, P AU - Counihan, T D A2 - Van Winkle, W A2 - Anders, PJ A2 - Secor, DH A2 - Dixon, DA (eds) Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 24 EP - 150 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Ste. 110 Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA SN - 1888569360 KW - River segments KW - White sturgeon KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Entrainment KW - Water reservoirs KW - Degradation KW - Anadromous species KW - Incubation KW - Summer KW - Freshwater KW - Population dynamics KW - Freshwater fish KW - Biological drift KW - Water quality KW - Fish larvae KW - Models KW - Water currents KW - Current velocity KW - Abiotic factors KW - Temperature effects KW - Rivers KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Acipenser transmontanus KW - Recruitment KW - Limiting factors KW - Rare species KW - Habitat KW - Mortality causes KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17782309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jager%2C+H+I%3BVan+Winkle%2C+W%3BChandler%2C+JA%3BLepla%2C+K+B%3BBates%2C+P%3BCounihan%2C+T+D&rft.aulast=Jager&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=1888569360&rft.btitle=A+Simulation+Study+of+Factors+Controlling+White+Sturgeon+Recruitment+in+the+Snake+River&rft.title=A+Simulation+Study+of+Factors+Controlling+White+Sturgeon+Recruitment+in+the+Snake+River&rft.issn=08922284&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Addressing multi-use issues in sustainable forest management with signal-transfer modeling AN - 19928042; 5422820 AB - Management decisions concerning impacts of projected changes in environmental and social conditions on multi-use forest products and services, such as productivity, water supply or carbon sequestration, may be facilitated with signal-transfer modeling. This simulation method utilizes a hierarchy of simulators in which the integrated responses (signals) from smaller-scale process models are transferred and incorporated into the algorithms of larger spatial- and temporal-scale models of ecological and economic phenomena. Several innovative procedures germane to multi-issue sustainable forest management have been initiated in our signal-transfer modeling development for forests of the southeastern United States. These developments include response surface interpolation for multi-factor signal-transfer, use of loblolly pine modeling to infer the growth of other southern pines, determination of soil nutrient limitations to productivity, multivariate clustering as a spatial basis for defining land units relevant to forest management, and variance propagation through the modeling hierarchy. Algorithms for larger scale phenomena are shown to constrain the variance introduced from a smaller-scale in a simulation of ambient ozone exposure effects on loblolly pine timber yield. Outputs of forest variables are frequency distributions that may be statistically compared for alternative environmental or management scenarios. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Luxmoore, R J AU - Hargrove, W W AU - Lynn Tharp, M AU - Mac Post, W AU - Berry, M W AU - Minser, K S AU - Cropper, WP Jr AU - Johnson, D W AU - Zeide, B AU - Amateis, R L AU - Burkhart, HE AU - Baldwin, VC Jr AU - Petersonh, K D AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, luxmoorerj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/07/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 15 SP - 295 EP - 304 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 165 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Management tools KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Human Population KW - Forest products KW - Forest management KW - Carbon KW - Sustainable development KW - USA, Southeast KW - Environment management KW - Water supplies KW - Models KW - Ozone KW - D 04700:Management KW - M1 320:Environmental & Natural Resource Development KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19928042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Addressing+multi-use+issues+in+sustainable+forest+management+with+signal-transfer+modeling&rft.au=Luxmoore%2C+R+J%3BHargrove%2C+W+W%3BLynn+Tharp%2C+M%3BMac+Post%2C+W%3BBerry%2C+M+W%3BMinser%2C+K+S%3BCropper%2C+WP+Jr%3BJohnson%2C+D+W%3BZeide%2C+B%3BAmateis%2C+R+L%3BBurkhart%2C+HE%3BBaldwin%2C+VC+Jr%3BPetersonh%2C+K+D&rft.aulast=Luxmoore&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-07-15&rft.volume=165&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forest products; Forest management; Carbon; Sustainable development; Water supplies; Environment management; Ozone; Models; USA, Southeast ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling Regional Carbon Dynamics and Soil Erosion in Disturbed and Rehabilitated Ecosystems as Affected by Land Use and Climate AN - 759316945; 13726891 AB - The quantification of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling inecosystems is important for (a) understanding changes inecosystem structure and function with changes in land use, (b)determining the sustainability of ecosystems, and (c) balancingthe global C budget as it relates to global climate change.A meso-scale study was conducted to determine regional effectsof climate change on C and N cycling within disturbedecosystems. Objectives of the research were to quantify (a)sediment yield, (b) current C storage in vegetation and soils,and (c) soil C efflux from both abandoned and rehabilitatedcoal surface-mined lands in Ohio. A dynamic model was developedto simulate sediment yield, grassland production, and C and Ncycling on surface-mined lands. Evaluation of plant productionand soil erosion submodels with data sets from surface-minedlands in the mid-western U.S. resulted in r super(2) values of 0.99 and0.97, respectively. Depending on the initial values of soil organic carbon (SOC),model simulations estimated that unvegetated surface-mined landsin Ohio yield approximately 441,325 Mg yr super(-1) of sediment andemit between 2,000-20,000 Mg yr super(-1) of C to the atmosphere fromdecomposition of SOC. While rehabilitated lands had a higher Cefflux rate than barren lands, a positive C sequestration rateof 18.4 Mg km super(-2) yr super(-1) was estimated as a result oforganic matter additions. This sequestion rate increasedconsiderably under projected climate change scenarios, while itdecreased when simulated rehabilitated grasslands were harvestedfor hay. Changes in land use and cover can cause surface-minedlands to be either a net sink or source for C. Successful rehabilitation of mined lands can decrease erosion and promotesoil C sequestration, while at the same time providingadditional lands for the management of natural resources. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - West, Tristram O AU - Wali, Mohan K AD - School of Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, U.S.A., westto@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 141 EP - 164 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 138 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Land Use KW - Resource management KW - Ecosystems KW - Climate change KW - Soil erosion KW - Soil KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Yield KW - Carbon KW - Sediment yield KW - Soils KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Vegetation KW - Land use KW - Water pollution KW - Model Studies KW - Soil pollution KW - Air pollution KW - Grasslands KW - Erosion KW - Natural resources KW - Nitrogen cycle KW - USA, Ohio KW - Soil Erosion KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759316945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Modeling+Regional+Carbon+Dynamics+and+Soil+Erosion+in+Disturbed+and+Rehabilitated+Ecosystems+as+Affected+by+Land+Use+and+Climate&rft.au=West%2C+Tristram+O%3BWali%2C+Mohan+K&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Tristram&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1015552330945 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Resource management; Natural resources; Climate change; Soils; Nitrogen cycle; Soil erosion; Water pollution; Land use; Soil pollution; Erosion; Atmospheric pollution; Ecosystems; Sediment yield; Soil; Carbon sequestration; Grasslands; Carbon; Vegetation; Land Use; Yield; Soil Erosion; Model Studies; USA, Ohio DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015552330945 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dendrochemical analysis of lead and calcium in southern Appalachian American beech. AN - 71986531; 12175031 AB - The health of the northern hardwood forest in the southern Appalachian Mountains of Tennessee, North Carolina, and Virginia has gained attention from the media and environmental stakeholders due to a purported decline in forest health at higher elevations. This project examined lead (Pb) and calcium (Ca) concentrations in growth rings of an important northern hardwood species, American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) at Mount Rogers and Whitetop Mountain, Virginia and attempted to examine concentration relationships with stem growth patterns. Dominant and codominant trees were sampled from 16 research plots at two elevations. Tree cores were crossdated, divided into sections of 10-yr periods, and analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Lead concentrations correlated negatively with ring width. Elevation and aspect were significantly associated with the Pb concentration, while Ca concentrations were only associated with aspect. Tree core samples taken from higher elevation plots contained higher Pb concentrations than samples collected from lower elevation plots, while the northwest and southwest aspects contained significantly higher amounts of Pb and Ca. Both Pb and Ca concentrations increased during the 1860s and again during the mid-1900s. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Fisher, Suzanne AU - Nicholas, N S AU - Scheuerman, Phillip R AD - Tennessee Valley Authority, Norri 37828, USA. fishers@ornl.gov PY - 2002 SP - 1137 EP - 1145 VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Altitude KW - Trees KW - Spectrophotometry, Atomic KW - Lead -- adverse effects KW - Calcium -- adverse effects KW - Fagus -- chemistry KW - Calcium -- analysis KW - Fagus -- growth & development KW - Calcium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Lead -- pharmacokinetics KW - Lead -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71986531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=Dendrochemical+analysis+of+lead+and+calcium+in+southern+Appalachian+American+beech.&rft.au=Fisher%2C+Suzanne%3BNicholas%2C+N+S%3BScheuerman%2C+Phillip+R&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectroscopic characterization of the structural and functional properties of natural organic matter fractions. AN - 71928238; 12137058 AB - Natural organic matter (NOM) is known to be complex in nature with varying structural and functional characteristics. In this study, an aquatic NOM was fractionated into the polyphenolic-rich (NOM-PP) and the carbohydrate-rich (NOM-CH) fractions in an attempt to better characterize their chemical and structural properties along with a reference soil humic acid (SHA). Various spectroscopic techniques were employed for the study, including ultraviolet-visible (UV/Vis). 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier-transform infrared, fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies. Results indicate that the relative abundance of aromatic C=C and methoxyl (-OCH3) functional groups are in the order of SHA > NOM-PP > NOM-CH. However, the aquatic NOM-PP and NOM-CH fractions are characterized by high contents of carboxylic and alcoholic functional groups relative to the SHA. In particular, the NOM-PP fraction appears to contain more phenolic and ketonic functional groups than the NOM-CH and SHA fractions, and it gives a strong fluorescence and high paramagnetic spin count. On the other hand, the NOM-CH fraction possesses a relatively low amount of carbon but a high amount of oxygen or oxygen-containing structural features, such as carbohydrate-OH and carboxylic groups, and shows the least fluorescence intensity and paramagnetic spin counts. Results of these spectroscopic studies confirm the heterogeneous nature of NOM, and point out the importance of isolation and improved characterization of various NOM subcomponents in order to better understand the behavior and roles of NOM in the natural environment. JF - Chemosphere AU - Chen, Jie AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Leboeuf, Eugene J AU - Pan, Hongjun AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831, USA. Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 59 EP - 68 VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Humic Substances KW - 0 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Water Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrum Analysis KW - Humic Substances -- analysis KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71928238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Spectroscopic+characterization+of+the+structural+and+functional+properties+of+natural+organic+matter+fractions.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jie%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BLeboeuf%2C+Eugene+J%3BPan%2C+Hongjun%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jie&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-08 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of riparian leaf dynamics on periphyton photosynthesis and light utilisation efficiency AN - 18433757; 5411561 AB - Streambed light regimes change dramatically when riparian trees gain leaves in spring and lose them in autumn. This study examined the effect of these changes on periphyton photosynthetic characteristics, primary production, and light utilisation efficiency in two eastern Tennessee streams.Photosynthesis-irradiance responses were measured at intervals covering leaf emergence and abscission in spring and autumn. Photosynthetic efficiency ( alpha super(chl) ) increased with declining streambed irradiances during spring leaf emergence, but returned to pre-emergence values after autumn leaf fall. The onset of photosaturation (I sub(k) ) displayed the opposite pattern, decreasing during leaf emergence and increasing after leaf fall. Both alpha super(chl) and I sub(k) were closely associated (P < 0.01) with daily integrated streambed irradiance, as were periphyton carotenoids. Internal shading by photoprotective carotenoids is hypothesised to account for lower alpha super(chl) when streambed irradiances are high.An in situ shading experiment confirmed that the temporal changes observed in periphyton photosynthetic characteristics and carotenoids were primarily the result of changing light levels and not other environmental factors (e.g. nutrients, temperature).Daily chlorophyll-specific primary production (PP super(chl) ) was calculated with P -I models and recorded streambed irradiances. In both streams, PP super(chl) was the highest in early spring when trees were leafless, and then declined markedly as leaves emerged, reaching a minimum in summer. PP super(chl) increased after leaf abscission, but was still lower than it was in early spring, when the sun was higher and daylength was longer. A hyperbolic tangent equation fit to PP super(chl) and daily integrated irradiance (r super(2) =0. 85) suggested that primary production was light saturated at 4-8 mol m super(-2) d super(-1) .Light utilisation efficiency ( psi ) increased 10-fold during leaf emergence. Photosaturation at high irradiances and photoacclimation at lower irradiances were responsible for a negative hyperbolic relationship between psi and daily integrated irradiance. JF - Freshwater Biology AU - Hill, W R AU - Dimick, S M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, U.S.A., wrhill@uiuc.edu Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 1245 EP - 1256 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0046-5070, 0046-5070 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04310:Freshwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18433757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Freshwater+Biology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+riparian+leaf+dynamics+on+periphyton+photosynthesis+and+light+utilisation+efficiency&rft.au=Hill%2C+W+R%3BDimick%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Freshwater+Biology&rft.issn=00465070&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2427.2002.00837.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.00837.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of organochlorine pesticides in ground water using solid-phase microextraction followed by dual-column gas chromatography with electron-capture detection AN - 16143034; 5583425 AB - A rapid, sensitive, convenient, and highly quality-assured method is presented for the determination of 19 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in small samples (10 ml) of ground water. Samples are initially fortified with 2,4,5,6-tetrachloro-m-xylene (surrogate) and decachlorobiphenyl (retention time marker), then extracted with a 30- mu m thickness polydimethylsiloxane solid-phase microextraction fiber. The analytes collected are thermally desorbed in a heated gas chromatographic inlet, separated using independent fused-silica capillary columns ("primary" and "confirmatory"), and detected using electron-capture detection. Two independent statistical procedures were used to evaluate the detection limits, which typically range between 10 and 40 ng l super(-1), for these analytes. Method performance was also evaluated using two additional protocols employing "performance evaluation" samples, in which authentic ground water samples were fortified to ca. 100 ng l super(-1) in each of at least six OCPs. The method satisfies additional strict criteria based on uniformity of fiber performance and minimal degradation of the thermally-sensitive analytes endrin and DDT. JF - Journal of Chromatography A AU - Tomkins, BA AU - Barnard, A R AD - Environmental Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 21 EP - 33 VL - 964 IS - 1-2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Pollution detection KW - Organochlorine compounds KW - Gas chromatography KW - Pesticides KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Water analysis KW - Pesticides (Organochlorine) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16143034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.atitle=Determination+of+organochlorine+pesticides+in+ground+water+using+solid-phase+microextraction+followed+by+dual-column+gas+chromatography+with+electron-capture+detection&rft.au=Tomkins%2C+BA%3BBarnard%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Tomkins&rft.aufirst=BA&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=964&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0021-9673%2802%2900592-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Organochlorine compounds; Pollution detection; Gas chromatography; Pesticides; Groundwater pollution; Pollution (Groundwater); Water analysis; Pesticides (Organochlorine) DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)00592-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A theoretical investigation of two possible modifications to reduce pollutant emissions from a diesel engine AN - 16137131; 5492575 AB - The goal of the study is to present and to evaluate theoretically two strategies for reducing simultaneously both particulate and NO emission from a compression-ignited, direct injection engine. x The emission reduction strategies to be considered here include auxiliary exhaust gas injection (AEGI) and a combination of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and AEGI. The auxiliary gas injection (AGI) process consists of the injection of a gas directly into the combustion chamber of a diesel engine during the combustion stroke to enhance fluid mixing. Increased mixing during the combustion process can lower the emission of both soot and NO sub(x). AEGI is a process whereby exhaust gas is the injected gas used in AGI. To predict the effect of AEGI on diesel engine combustion and emission, a gas injection model was developed and used with a multidimensional simulation computer code, KIVA. The program is used to evaluate the combined effect of AEGI and EGR on pollutant emissions in a Caterpillar diesel engine. The results demonstrate that the injection timing of AEGI affects soot emissions quite differently to NO sub(x) emissions. A combination of EGR and AEGI is found to be more effective than AEGI alone for the maximum simultaneous reduction of soot and NO sub(x) emissions. It is predicted that the EGR and AEGI combination can reduce both particulate and NO sub(x) emissions by almost 50 per cent over baseline. JF - Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering AU - Gao, Z AU - Schreiber, W AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 619 EP - 628 VL - 216 IS - 7 SN - 0954-4070, 0954-4070 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Automotive engineering KW - Emission control KW - Air pollution control KW - Particulates KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - Internal combustion engines KW - Diesel engines KW - Exhaust emissions KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16137131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Institution+of+Mechanical+Engineers%2C+Part+D%3A+Journal+of+Automobile+Engineering&rft.atitle=A+theoretical+investigation+of+two+possible+modifications+to+reduce+pollutant+emissions+from+a+diesel+engine&rft.au=Gao%2C+Z%3BSchreiber%2C+W&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=216&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Institution+of+Mechanical+Engineers%2C+Part+D%3A+Journal+of+Automobile+Engineering&rft.issn=09544070&rft_id=info:doi/10.1243%2F095440702760178631 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Automotive engineering; Air pollution control; Emission control; Particulates; Internal combustion engines; Nitrogen oxides; Diesel engines; Exhaust emissions DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440702760178631 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Challenges in applying microarrays to environmental studies. AN - 71989104; 12180093 AB - Although DNA microarray technology has been used successfully to analyze global gene expression in pure cultures, it has not been rigorously tested and evaluated within the context of complex environmental samples. Adapting microarray hybridization for use in environmental studies faces several challenges associated with specificity, sensitivity and quantitation. JF - Current opinion in biotechnology AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Thompson, Dorothea K AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 204 EP - 207 VL - 13 IS - 3 SN - 0958-1669, 0958-1669 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Quality Control KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis -- trends KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation KW - Environmental Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71989104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+opinion+in+biotechnology&rft.atitle=Challenges+in+applying+microarrays+to+environmental+studies.&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Jizhong%3BThompson%2C+Dorothea+K&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Jizhong&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+opinion+in+biotechnology&rft.issn=09581669&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-08 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intact protein analysis for site-directed mutagenesis overexpression products: plasmid-encoded R67 dihydrofolate reductase. AN - 71699784; 12018947 AB - Mass spectrometry is currently the method of choice for the analysis of recombinant protein expression products. By combining proteolytic digestion with peptide mapping and tandem mass spectrometry techniques, verification of site-directed mutagenesis products can be obtained. The proteolytic digestion step converts a purified recombinant protein into a mixture that must be reseparated, thus greatly increasing the analysis time associated with the confirmation of site-directed mutagenesis products. Ion/ion reaction chemistry combined with quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry provides a fast and efficient way to analyze intact proteins for the correct site-directed mutagenesis products, without heavy reliance on the proteolytic digestion step. Analysis of a series of protein variants (I68M, I68Q, Y69F, and Q67Y) from plasmid-encoded R67 dihydrofolate reductase using ion/ion reaction chemistry confirmed the presence of the correct site-directed mutagenesis products. For the I68M mutant, ion/ion separations detected the presence of extensive degradation from the N-terminal end of the protein. In the case of the Q67Y mutant, a mixture of Q67Y and Q67C species was detected by employing tandem mass spectrometry combined with ion/ion reactions. The ion/ion reaction technique was also performed on a partially purified lysate of the Q67Y/C mixture and successfully screened for the presence of both components in a complex mixture. The ion/ion reaction approach achieved the same results as the proteolytic-digestion-based methodology in a much shorter analysis time. JF - Analytical biochemistry AU - VerBerkmoes, Nathan C AU - Strader, Michael B AU - Smiley, R Derike AU - Howell, Elizabeth E AU - Hurst, Gregory B AU - Hettich, Robert L AU - Stephenson, James L AD - Organic and Biological Mass Spectrometry Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 5510, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6365, USA. Y1 - 2002/06/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 01 SP - 68 EP - 81 VL - 305 IS - 1 SN - 0003-2697, 0003-2697 KW - Amino Acids KW - 0 KW - Peptide Fragments KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.5.1.3 KW - Serine Endopeptidases KW - EC 3.4.21.- KW - glutamyl endopeptidase KW - EC 3.4.21.19 KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization KW - Peptide Mapping KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Plasmids -- genetics KW - Serine Endopeptidases -- chemistry KW - Amino Acids -- genetics KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Escherichia coli -- enzymology KW - Binding Sites KW - Serine Endopeptidases -- metabolism KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Chromatography -- methods KW - Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Mutation -- genetics KW - Time Factors KW - Peptide Fragments -- chemistry KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed -- genetics KW - Peptide Fragments -- analysis KW - Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase -- analysis KW - Recombinant Proteins -- chemistry KW - Recombinant Proteins -- genetics KW - Recombinant Proteins -- analysis KW - Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase -- metabolism KW - Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71699784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+biochemistry&rft.atitle=Intact+protein+analysis+for+site-directed+mutagenesis+overexpression+products%3A+plasmid-encoded+R67+dihydrofolate+reductase.&rft.au=VerBerkmoes%2C+Nathan+C%3BStrader%2C+Michael+B%3BSmiley%2C+R+Derike%3BHowell%2C+Elizabeth+E%3BHurst%2C+Gregory+B%3BHettich%2C+Robert+L%3BStephenson%2C+James+L&rft.aulast=VerBerkmoes&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=305&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+biochemistry&rft.issn=00032697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-18 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vascular-targeted radioimmunotherapy with the alpha-particle emitter 211At. AN - 71691345; 12005541 AB - Astatine-211, an alpha-particle emitter, was employed in a model system for vascular-targeted radioimmunotherapy of small tumors in mouse lung to compare its performance relative to other radioisotopes in the same system. Astatine-211 was coupled to the lung blood vessel-targeting monoclonal antibody 201B with N-succinimidyl N-(4-[211At]astatophenethyl) succinamate linker. Biodistribution data showed that the conjugate delivered 211At to the lung (260-418% ID/g), where it remained with a biological half-time of about 30 h. BALB/c mice bearing about 100 lung tumor colonies of EMT-6 cells, each about 2000 cells in size, were treated with 211At-labeled monoclonal antibody 201B. The administered activity of 185 kBq per animal extended the life span of treated mice over untreated controls. Injections of 370 kBq, corresponding to an absorbed dose of 25-40 Gy, were necessary to eradicate all of the lung tumors. Mice receiving 740 kBq of 211At-labeled monoclonal antibody 201B developed pulmonary fibrosis 3-4 months after treatment, as did mice treated with 3700 kBq of the alpha-particle emitter 213Bi-labeled monoclonal antibody 201B in previous work. Animals that were injected with 211At bound to untargeted IgG or to glycine, as control agents, also demonstrated therapeutic effects relative to untreated controls. Control groups that received untargeted 211At required about twice as much administered activity for effective therapy as did groups with lung-targeted radioisotope. These results were not consistent with radioisotope biodistribution and dosimetry calculations that indicated that lung-targeted 211At should be at least 10-fold more efficient for lung colony therapy than 211At bound to nontargeting controls. The data showed that 211At is useful for vascular-targeted radioimmunotherapy because lung tumor colonies were eradicated in the mice. Work in this model system demonstrates that vascular targeting of alpha-particle emitters is an efficient therapy for small perivascular tumors and may be applicable to human disease when specific targeting agents are identified. JF - Radiation research AU - Kennel, S J AU - Mirzadeh, S AU - Eckelman, W C AU - Waldmann, T A AU - Garmestani, K AU - Yordanov, A T AU - Stabin, M G AU - Brechbiel, M W AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. SJ9@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 633 EP - 641 VL - 157 IS - 6 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Astatine KW - XI595HAL7H KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Solubility KW - Fibrosis -- radiotherapy KW - Radiation Tolerance KW - Mice KW - Organ Specificity KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Survival Rate KW - Radioisotopes -- metabolism KW - Radioisotopes -- therapeutic use KW - Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Time Factors KW - Radioisotopes -- administration & dosage KW - Alpha Particles -- therapeutic use KW - Lung Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Lung Neoplasms -- blood supply KW - Astatine -- metabolism KW - Astatine -- administration & dosage KW - Astatine -- therapeutic use KW - Radioimmunotherapy -- methods KW - Astatine -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71691345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Vascular-targeted+radioimmunotherapy+with+the+alpha-particle+emitter+211At.&rft.au=Kennel%2C+S+J%3BMirzadeh%2C+S%3BEckelman%2C+W+C%3BWaldmann%2C+T+A%3BGarmestani%2C+K%3BYordanov%2C+A+T%3BStabin%2C+M+G%3BBrechbiel%2C+M+W&rft.aulast=Kennel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=157&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=633&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-06-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources of lead in the San Cristobal, Pulacayo, and Potosi mining districts, Bolivia, and a reevaluation of regional ore lead isotope provinces AN - 52075014; 2002-064870 AB - New lead isotope data on ores, crustal rocks, and leachates of crustal rocks, combined with data in the literature, provide important new constraints on the sources of ore metals in southwest to south-central Bolivia, including the very large recently discovered silver-zinc deposit at San Cristobal, the Pulacayo polymetallic district, and the giant Potosi silver-tin-base metal deposit. Lead isotope ratios of ores and igneous rocks from the San Cristobal deposit and from Paleozoic and Cretaceous sedimentary rocks are compared with published data on high-grade Middle Proterozoic metamorphic basement rocks. These data constrain the major source of lead, and by inference of other ore metals, at San Cristobal to be the metamorphic basement rocks. Leaching experiments on samples of Paleozoic and Cretaceous sedimentary rocks show that the easily leachable lead from these rocks is much less radiogenic than the whole-rock compositions. However, lead isotope ratios of both whole rocks and leachates of these upper crustal rocks are too radiogenic for them to be major sources of ore lead at San Cristobal. Lead isotope ratios of ores from Pulacayo and Potosi are similar to each other and lie within the range of Paleozoic and Cretaceous sedimentary whole-rock compositions. Leaching of Pb from the sedimentary rocks cannot explain the isotopic compositions of the Pulacayo and Potosi ores, and the isotopic homogeneity of the Potosi ores also argues against mixing of lead from diverse sources in the hydrothermal system. Lead from the sedimentary rocks may have been incorporated by magmatic assimilation followed by extraction of ore metals from the resulting magma. Lead isotope ratios of San Cristobal ores are different from those of Pulacayo, Potosi, and other deposits to the east, but resemble the compositions of ores and volcanic rocks in western Bolivia. On this basis we identify a new ore lead isotope province extending from San Cristobal northward across the eastern Altiplano and into southern Peru. This province is coincident with but smaller than the extent of the proposed Arequipa-Antofalla metamorphic basement craton. The degree of incorporation of ore metals from the metamorphic basement appears to depend on the timing and/or location of the mineralizing event. Ore deposits in the northern part of province IV formed before the thickening of Andean crust, beginning around 20 Ma, and incorporated minor amounts of metals from the metamorphic basement. Younger deposits farther to the south contain major to dominant components of basement lead. JF - Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists AU - Kamenov, George AU - Macfarlane, Andrew W AU - Riciputi, Lee R Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 573 EP - 592 PB - Economic Geology Publishing Company, Lancaster, PA VL - 97 IS - 3 SN - 0361-0128, 0361-0128 KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - upper Precambrian KW - isotopes KW - Cretaceous KW - lead KW - stable isotopes KW - silver ores KW - evaluation KW - Bolivia KW - assimilation KW - sedimentary rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - whole rock KW - metamorphic rocks KW - polymetallic ores KW - mineralization KW - leachate KW - base metals KW - San Cristobal Deposit KW - Altiplano KW - Pb-207/Pb-204 KW - lead ores KW - Precambrian KW - tin ores KW - Potosi mining district KW - Pb-206/Pb-204 KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - Proterozoic KW - Mesozoic KW - Mesoproterozoic KW - South America KW - Pulacayo mining district KW - metals KW - magmas KW - homogeneity KW - metal ores KW - Pb-208/Pb-204 KW - crust KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52075014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Economic+Geology+and+the+Bulletin+of+the+Society+of+Economic+Geologists&rft.atitle=Sources+of+lead+in+the+San+Cristobal%2C+Pulacayo%2C+and+Potosi+mining+districts%2C+Bolivia%2C+and+a+reevaluation+of+regional+ore+lead+isotope+provinces&rft.au=Kamenov%2C+George%3BMacfarlane%2C+Andrew+W%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R&rft.aulast=Kamenov&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Economic+Geology+and+the+Bulletin+of+the+Society+of+Economic+Geologists&rft.issn=03610128&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.segweb.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 78 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ECGLAL N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Altiplano; assimilation; base metals; Bolivia; Cretaceous; crust; evaluation; homogeneity; isotope ratios; isotopes; leachate; lead; lead ores; magmas; Mesoproterozoic; Mesozoic; metal ores; metals; metamorphic rocks; mineral deposits, genesis; mineralization; Paleozoic; Pb-206/Pb-204; Pb-207/Pb-204; Pb-208/Pb-204; polymetallic ores; Potosi mining district; Precambrian; Proterozoic; Pulacayo mining district; radioactive isotopes; San Cristobal Deposit; sedimentary rocks; silver ores; South America; stable isotopes; tin ores; upper Precambrian; whole rock ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Is the Arctic a missing sink for mercury? New measurements of depletion events, deposition, and speciation in air and snow at Point Barrow, Alaska AN - 52006753; 2003-026834 JF - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments AU - Lindberg, Steve E Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 19 VL - EPA/625/R-02/005 KW - United States KW - pollutants KW - Arctic region KW - sinks KW - pollution KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - Point Barrow KW - variations KW - measurement KW - deposition KW - metals KW - arctic environment KW - snow KW - Northern Alaska KW - Alaska KW - air KW - depletion KW - mercury KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52006753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Lindberg%2C+Steve+E&rft.aulast=Lindberg&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Is+the+Arctic+a+missing+sink+for+mercury%3F+New+measurements+of+depletion+events%2C+deposition%2C+and+speciation+in+air+and+snow+at+Point+Barrow%2C+Alaska&rft.title=Is+the+Arctic+a+missing+sink+for+mercury%3F+New+measurements+of+depletion+events%2C+deposition%2C+and+speciation+in+air+and+snow+at+Point+Barrow%2C+Alaska&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Assessing the role of plants in the biogeochemical cycle of mercury AN - 52002165; 2003-026861 JF - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments AU - Gustin, Mae Sexauer AU - Benesch, J A AU - Schorran, D E AU - Johnson, D A AU - Lindberg, Steve E AU - Coleman, J Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 VL - EPA/625/R-02/005 KW - soils KW - forests KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - EcoCELL KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - geochemical cycle KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - soil gases KW - geochemistry KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gustin%2C+Mae+Sexauer%3BBenesch%2C+J+A%3BSchorran%2C+D+E%3BJohnson%2C+D+A%3BLindberg%2C+Steve+E%3BColeman%2C+J&rft.aulast=Gustin&rft.aufirst=Mae&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Assessing+the+role+of+plants+in+the+biogeochemical+cycle+of+mercury&rft.title=Assessing+the+role+of+plants+in+the+biogeochemical+cycle+of+mercury&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - An overview of mercury cycling in the boreal ecosystem AN - 52002139; 2003-026848 JF - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments AU - St Louis, Vincent L AU - Rudd, John W M AU - Kelly, Carol A AU - Hall, Britt D AU - Rolfhus, Kristofer R AU - Scott, Karen J AU - Bodaly, R Drew AU - Beaty, Ken AU - Lindberg, Steve E Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 VL - EPA/625/R-02/005 KW - soils KW - Plantae KW - terrestrial environment KW - pollutants KW - drainage KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - bioavailability KW - organo-metallics KW - Ontario KW - geochemical cycle KW - boreal environment KW - organic compounds KW - methylmercury KW - Canada KW - metals KW - drainage basins KW - ecology KW - Eastern Canada KW - geochemistry KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=St+Louis%2C+Vincent+L%3BRudd%2C+John+W+M%3BKelly%2C+Carol+A%3BHall%2C+Britt+D%3BRolfhus%2C+Kristofer+R%3BScott%2C+Karen+J%3BBodaly%2C+R+Drew%3BBeaty%2C+Ken%3BLindberg%2C+Steve+E&rft.aulast=St+Louis&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=An+overview+of+mercury+cycling+in+the+boreal+ecosystem&rft.title=An+overview+of+mercury+cycling+in+the+boreal+ecosystem&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Putting into perspective mercury emissions from geologic sources AN - 52001407; 2003-026849 JF - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments AU - Gustin, Mae Sexauer AU - Coolbaugh, Mark F AU - Engle, Mark A AU - Fitzgerald, Brian C AU - Lindberg, Steve E AU - Nacht, David M AU - Rytuba, James J AU - Zehner, Richard E Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 VL - EPA/625/R-02/005 KW - concentration KW - patterns KW - natural materials KW - background level KW - atmosphere KW - metasomatism KW - metals KW - metal ores KW - precious metals KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - base metals KW - geochemistry KW - mercury KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52001407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gustin%2C+Mae+Sexauer%3BCoolbaugh%2C+Mark+F%3BEngle%2C+Mark+A%3BFitzgerald%2C+Brian+C%3BLindberg%2C+Steve+E%3BNacht%2C+David+M%3BRytuba%2C+James+J%3BZehner%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Gustin&rft.aufirst=Mae&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Putting+into+perspective+mercury+emissions+from+geologic+sources&rft.title=Putting+into+perspective+mercury+emissions+from+geologic+sources&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Photochemistry of mercury in Saginaw Bay watershed, Michigan; annual USEPA STAR Project Meeting AN - 52000312; 2003-026856 JF - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments AU - Nriagu, Jerome AU - Jung, Peter AU - Wang, Xiaqin AU - Zhang, Hong AU - Kuiken, Todd AU - Lindberg, Steve E Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 VL - EPA/625/R-02/005 KW - United States KW - STAR Program KW - government agencies KW - watersheds KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - chemical properties KW - Great Lakes KW - geochemistry KW - mercury KW - soils KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - hydrology KW - North America KW - experimental studies KW - Lake Huron KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - photochemistry KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - Saginaw Bay KW - gases KW - wetlands KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - streams KW - Michigan KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52000312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Nriagu%2C+Jerome%3BJung%2C+Peter%3BWang%2C+Xiaqin%3BZhang%2C+Hong%3BKuiken%2C+Todd%3BLindberg%2C+Steve+E&rft.aulast=Nriagu&rft.aufirst=Jerome&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Photochemistry+of+mercury+in+Saginaw+Bay+watershed%2C+Michigan%3B+annual+USEPA+STAR+Project+Meeting&rft.title=Photochemistry+of+mercury+in+Saginaw+Bay+watershed%2C+Michigan%3B+annual+USEPA+STAR+Project+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Fractal Landscape Realizer for Generating Synthetic Maps AN - 18878753; 5732127 AB - A fractal landscape realizer has been developed that generates synthetic landscape maps to user specifications. The alternative landscape realizations are not identical to the actual maps after which they are patterned, but are similar statistically (i.e., the areas and fractal character of each category are replicated). A fractal or self-affine pattern generator is used to provide a spatial probability surface for each category in the synthetic map. The Fractal Realizer arbitrates contentions among categories in a way that makes it possible to preserve the fractal patterns of all the categories in the resulting synthetic landscape. Each synthetic landscape is one equally likely realization from among an infinite ensemble of possible fractal landscape combinations. Synthetic landscapes produced by the Fractal Realizer have been tested using a variant of the Turing Test. More than 100 map experts were presented with a series of 20 selections of paired maps, and asked to distinguish the real map from the synthetic realization. The resulting population of scores was not significantly different from a random binomial, suggesting that the experts were unable to discern the synthetic maps from the actual ones. Statistical landscape indices computed for 25 different synthetic realizations are compared with the values computed for the actual maps. The Fractal Realizer can be used as a stochastic generator of synthetic input maps to a spatially explicit simulation model to test the effects of landscape rearrangement on the uncertainty of model parameter estimates. The sensitivity of stochastic spatial simulations to prescribed input landscapes can be evaluated by supplying them with a series of synthetic maps that obey particular statistical characteristics and by monitoring changes in selected output responses. Statistically similar input landscapes with different spatial arrangements can be generated and supplied to spatial models as a hedge against pseudoreplication. JF - Conservation Ecology AU - Hargrove, W W AU - Hoffman, F M AU - Schwartz, P M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1507, Room 211, Mail Stop 6407, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6407, USA, hnw@fire.esd.ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - Jun 2002 SP - 2 PB - Ecological Society of America VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1195-5449, 1195-5449 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04100:Terrestrial ecosystems - general KW - D 04001:Methodology - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18878753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Ecology&rft.atitle=A+Fractal+Landscape+Realizer+for+Generating+Synthetic+Maps&rft.au=Hargrove%2C+W+W%3BHoffman%2C+F+M%3BSchwartz%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Hargrove&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Ecology&rft.issn=11955449&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An initial intercomparison of micrometeorological and ecological inventory estimates of carbon exchange in a mid-latitude deciduous forest AN - 18412521; 5399904 AB - The role of mid-latitude forests in the sequestration of carbon (C) is of interest to an increasing number of scientists and policy-makers alike. Net CO sub(2) exchange can be estimated on an annual basis, using eddy-covariance techniques or from ecological inventories of C fluxes to and from a forest. Here we present an intercomparison of annual estimates of C exchange in a mixed hardwood forest in the Morgan-Monroe State Forest, Indiana, USA for two years, 1998 and 1999. Based on eddy-covariance measurements made at 1.8 times canopy height from a tower, C uptake by the forest was 237 and 287 g C m super(-2) y super(-1) for 1998 and 1999, respectively. For the same time period, biometric and ecophysiological measures and modelled estimates of all significant carbon fluxes within deciduous forests were made, including: change in living biomass, aboveground and belowground detritus production, foliage consumption, and forest floor and soil respiration. Using this ecological inventory method for these same two time periods, C uptake was estimated to be 271 and 377 g C m super(-2) y super(-1) , which are 14.3% and 31.4% larger, respectively, than the tower-based values. The relative change between this method's annual estimates is consistent with that of the eddy-covariance based values. Our results indicate that the difference in annual C exchange rates was due to reduced heterotrophic soil respiration in 1999. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Ehman, J L AU - Schmid, H P AU - Grimmond, C S AU - Randolph, J C AU - Hanson, P J AU - Wayson, CA AU - Cropley, F D AD - School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA 47405, Atmospheric Science Program, Department of Geography, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA 47405, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA 37831, jlehman@indiana.edu Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - Jun 2002 SP - 575 EP - 589 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 8 IS - 6 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04125:Temperate forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18412521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=An+initial+intercomparison+of+micrometeorological+and+ecological+inventory+estimates+of+carbon+exchange+in+a+mid-latitude+deciduous+forest&rft.au=Ehman%2C+J+L%3BSchmid%2C+H+P%3BGrimmond%2C+C+S%3BRandolph%2C+J+C%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BWayson%2C+CA%3BCropley%2C+F+D&rft.aulast=Ehman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2486.2002.00492.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00492.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct transesterification of gases by "dry" immobilized lipase AN - 18380226; 5364067 AB - Several different reactor configurations, including single pass, continuous recycle, and batch reactor modes, were used to investigate the effects of temperature and water activity, or relative humidity, on lipase-catalyzed, gas-phase transesterifications. Temperature and relative humidity were controlled both inside reactors and throughout the course of the reaction to account for and optimize their effects. Results indicated that, at low relative humidity, reaction rates increased with temperature up to 60 degree C. However, when relative humidity was increased, a similar increase in temperature resulted in the loss of nearly all enzyme activity. These results are consistent with the idea that enzymes without free water are more thermally stable. Furthermore, at constant ambient temperatures, production increased dramatically with an increase in relative humidity, confirming the idea that an increase in water activity increases catalytic activity. A mass balance performed on reactors at higher relative humidity revealed that hydrolysis (rather than transesterification) of the ester substrate could significantly decrease product yields. JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Cameron, P A AU - Davison, B H AU - Frymier, P D AU - Barton, J W AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6226, USA, davisonbh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/05/05/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 May 05 SP - 251 EP - 256 VL - 78 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W2 32210:Immobilization KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18380226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Direct+transesterification+of+gases+by+%22dry%22+immobilized+lipase&rft.au=Cameron%2C+P+A%3BDavison%2C+B+H%3BFrymier%2C+P+D%3BBarton%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Cameron&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-05-05&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbit.10150 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.10150 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Properties of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes immobilized in sol-gel beads: stabilization of invertase and beta -glucosidase by Blue Dextran AN - 18431315; 5412500 AB - When immobilized in sol-gels, invertase ( beta -fructofuranosidase) from Candida utilis and beta -glucosidase from Pyrococcus furiosus had activity recovery values of 30 and 28%, respectively. However, if Blue Dextran (0.04%) was included in the immobilization-reaction mixture, the respective recovery values increased to 63 and 52%. Glucose dehydrogenase from Thermoplasma acidophilum immobilized by the same method lost most of its activity and Blue Dextran had no effect on the recovery of activity during the immobilization procedure. The immobilized enzymes required treatment with glutaraldehyde in order to maintain their activity within the sol-gel matrix during continuous reaction with their respective substrates. JF - Biotechnology Letters AU - O'Neill, H AU - Angley, C V AU - Hemery, I AU - Evans, B R AU - Dai, S AU - Woodward, J AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6194, USA, oneillhm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/05/02/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 May 02 SP - 783 EP - 790 VL - 24 IS - 10 SN - 0141-5492, 0141-5492 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W2 32210:Immobilization KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18431315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+Letters&rft.atitle=Properties+of+carbohydrate-metabolizing+enzymes+immobilized+in+sol-gel+beads%3A+stabilization+of+invertase+and+beta+-glucosidase+by+Blue+Dextran&rft.au=O%27Neill%2C+H%3BAngley%2C+C+V%3BHemery%2C+I%3BEvans%2C+B+R%3BDai%2C+S%3BWoodward%2C+J&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-05-02&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=783&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+Letters&rft.issn=01415492&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts on Streams from the Use of Sulfur-Based Compounds for Dechlorinating Industrial Effluents AN - 1777167119; 13726854 AB - We evaluate environmental impacts associated with sulfur-baseddechlorinating agents (sodium bisulfite and sodium thiosulfate)commonly used in industrial wastewater treatment by presentingdata from two examples for Department of Energy facilities inTennessee and Kentucky. One case involved a fish kill (> 24,000 fish) caused directly by sodium bisulfite; the second describes a near-miss situation resulting from over-dosing with sodium thiosulfate. Toxicity tests showed that overfeed situations withsodium thiosulfate or sodium bisulfite can depress pH and dissolved oxygen, causing mortality of fish. Bacteria also can metabolize some sulfur-based dechlorinating agents, thereby increasing the potential for reductions in pH and concentrationsof dissolved oxygen. Although removing toxic levels of chlorine is important when releasing chlorine-containing wastewaters to aquatic systems, waste-treatment plant operators should also beaware of significant impacts that can occur if sulfur-based dechlorinating agents are used to excess. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Ryon, Michael G AU - Stewart, Arthur J AU - Kszos, Lynn A AU - Phipps, Terry L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6036 ryonmg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 255 EP - 268 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 136 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Sodium KW - Dechlorination KW - Bacteria KW - Dissolution KW - Fish KW - Toxicity KW - Waste water KW - pH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777167119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Impacts+on+Streams+from+the+Use+of+Sulfur-Based+Compounds+for+Dechlorinating+Industrial+Effluents&rft.au=Ryon%2C+Michael+G%3BStewart%2C+Arthur+J%3BKszos%2C+Lynn+A%3BPhipps%2C+Terry+L&rft.aulast=Ryon&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1015264509699 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015264509699 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selective Separation of Hydroxide from Alkaline Nuclear Tank Waste by Liquid-Liquid Extraction with Weak Hydroxy Acids AN - 16139078; 5475946 AB - Recovery and recycle of caustic reagents in industrial processes offer potential means of pollution prevention, as investigated herein for particular needs related to the cleanup of alkaline nuclear waste. Specifically, the recovery of hydroxide from alkaline media by liquid-liquid extraction can be effected utilizing weak hydroxy acids, as demonstrated for NaOH utilizing a series of lipophilic fluorinated alcohols and alkylated phenols dissolved in 1-octanol. Extraction efficiency follows the expected order of acidity of the hydroxy acids, the phenols being the most efficient extractants among the compounds tested. After extraction, NaOH is effectively recoverable from the organic phase upon contact with water. The weakest hydroxy acids are the most efficiently stripped, NaOH recovery being nearly quantitative in a single contact. In competitive extraction experiments, good selectivity for hydroxide recovery over other anions such as nitrate and chloride was demonstrated. Since the order of extraction favors larger anions, the exceptional preference for hydroxide implies that the extraction occurs by deprotonation of the hydroxy acids in a cation-exchange process. Stripping therefore occurs by hydrolysis to regenerate the neutral hydroxy acid, liberating NaOH to the aqueous phase. Since hydroxide equivalents rather than actual hydroxide ions are transferred to the solvent, the process is termed "pseudohydroxide extraction." Hydroxide recovery from a simulant of alkaline nuclear tank waste (Hanford DSSF simulant) was also demonstrated in repeated extraction and stripping cycles. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Chambliss, C K AU - Haverlock, T J AU - Bonnesen, P V AU - Engle, N L AU - Moyer, BA AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6119, USA, moyerba@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/04/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 15 SP - 1861 EP - 1867 VL - 36 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - hydroxides KW - hydroxy acids KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Solvent extraction KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Materials recovery KW - Separation processes KW - Waste treatment KW - Hydrolysis KW - Phenols KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16139078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Selective+Separation+of+Hydroxide+from+Alkaline+Nuclear+Tank+Waste+by+Liquid-Liquid+Extraction+with+Weak+Hydroxy+Acids&rft.au=Chambliss%2C+C+K%3BHaverlock%2C+T+J%3BBonnesen%2C+P+V%3BEngle%2C+N+L%3BMoyer%2C+BA&rft.aulast=Chambliss&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-04-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1861&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Solvent extraction; Materials recovery; Radioactive wastes; Waste treatment; Separation processes; Hydrolysis; Phenols ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytic signal approach and its applicability in environmental magnetic investigations AN - 52087657; 2002-054491 AB - We investigate the analytic signal method and its applicability in obtaining source locations of compact environmental magnetic objects. Previous investigations have shown that, for two-dimensional magnetic sources, the shape and location of the maxima of the amplitude of the analytic signal (AAS) are independent of the magnetization direction. In this study, we show that the shape of the AAS over magnetic dipole or sphere source is dependent on the direction of magnetization and, consequently, the maxima of the AAS are not always located directly over the dipolar sources. Maximum shift in the horizontal location is obtained for magnetic inclination of 30 degrees . The shifts of the maxima are a function of the source-to-observation distance and they can be up to 30% of the distance. We also present a method of estimating the depths of compact magnetic objects based on the ratio of the AAS of the magnetic anomaly to the AAS of the vertical gradient of the magnetic anomaly. The estimated depths are independent of the magnetization direction. With the help of magnetic anomalies over environmental targets of buried steel drums, we show that the depths can be reliably estimated in most cases. Therefore, the analytic signal approach can be useful in estimating source locations of compact magnetic objects. However, horizontal locations of the targets derived from the maximum values of the AAS must be verified using other techniques. JF - Journal of Applied Geophysics AU - Salem, Ahmed AU - Ravat, Dhananjay AU - Gamey, T Jeffrey AU - Ushijima, Keisuke Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 231 EP - 244 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 49 IS - 4 SN - 0926-9851, 0926-9851 KW - hazardous waste KW - orientation KW - geophysical methods KW - magnetization KW - magnetic anomalies KW - paleomagnetism KW - elastic waves KW - environmental analysis KW - magnetic field KW - depth KW - signals KW - remanent magnetization KW - induced magnetization KW - amplitude KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52087657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Analytic+signal+approach+and+its+applicability+in+environmental+magnetic+investigations&rft.au=Salem%2C+Ahmed%3BRavat%2C+Dhananjay%3BGamey%2C+T+Jeffrey%3BUshijima%2C+Keisuke&rft.aulast=Salem&rft.aufirst=Ahmed&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Geophysics&rft.issn=09269851&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09269851 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOXAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; depth; elastic waves; environmental analysis; geophysical methods; hazardous waste; induced magnetization; magnetic anomalies; magnetic field; magnetization; orientation; paleomagnetism; remanent magnetization; signals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ detection of calcium ions with chemically modified microcantilevers AN - 18573061; 5368674 AB - We report a novel technique of micromechanical detection of trace amounts of calcium ions by using microcantilevers modified with ion-selective self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The SAM-modified microcantilevers undergo bending due to selective adsorption of calcium ions. Experiments conducted under flow conditions show that the modified cantilevers respond sensitively to calcium ions (Ca super(2+)); a Ca super(2+) concentration of 10 super(-9) M can be detected with this technique. Other cations, such as Na super(+) and K super(+), do not have any effect on the deflection of these cantilevers. We demonstrate two different kinds of SAMs having selectivity for calcium ions. JF - Biosensors & Bioelectronics AU - Ji, H-F AU - Thundat, T AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6123, USA, thundattg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 337 EP - 343 VL - 17 IS - 4 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - microcantilevers KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts KW - Sodium KW - Measuring techniques KW - Potassium KW - Calcium (intracellular) KW - W4 230:Biosensors, Bioelectronics & Bioindicators KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - T 20019:Cellular calcium, channels and currents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18573061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.atitle=In+situ+detection+of+calcium+ions+with+chemically+modified+microcantilevers&rft.au=Ji%2C+H-F%3BThundat%2C+T&rft.aulast=Ji&rft.aufirst=H-F&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Calcium (intracellular); Sodium; Potassium; Measuring techniques ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrating Diagnostics and Control for Reactor Systems AN - 18452517; 5428400 AB - This paper describes the Plant Computing Environment (PCE), a distributed computing environment supporting a high-level supervisory control and monitoring system. The goal is to coordinate plant fault detection, performance monitoring and control system settings so that the plant continues to meet performance specifications as plant conditions change. The study is aimed at future nuclear reactor systems and is supported by a Nuclear Energy Research Initiative grant, NERI-99/119. JF - Nuclear Plant Journal AU - Mullens, J AU - March-Leuba, J AU - Wood, R AU - Brittain, C AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 37 EP - 38,48 VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 0892-2055, 0892-2055 KW - fault detection KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18452517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Plant+Journal&rft.atitle=Integrating+Diagnostics+and+Control+for+Reactor+Systems&rft.au=Mullens%2C+J%3BMarch-Leuba%2C+J%3BWood%2C+R%3BBrittain%2C+C&rft.aulast=Mullens&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Plant+Journal&rft.issn=08922055&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic Oxidation of Gaseous Mercury in the Arctic Troposphere at Polar Sunrise AN - 18583250; 5402318 AB - Gaseous elemental mercury (Hg super(0)) is a globally distributed air toxin with a long atmospheric residence time. Any process that reduces its atmospheric lifetime increases its potential accumulation in the biosphere. Our data from Barrow, AK, at 71 degree N show that rapid, photochemically driven oxidation of boundary-layer Hg super(0) after polar sunrise, probably by reactive halogens, creates a rapidly depositing species of oxidized gaseous mercury in the remote Arctic troposphere at concentrations in excess of 900 pg m super(-3). This mercury accumulates in the snowpack during polar spring at an accelerated rate in a form that is bioavailable to bacteria and is released with snowmelt during the summer emergence of the Arctic ecosystem. Evidence suggests that this is a recent phenomenon that may be occurring throughout the earth's polar regions. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Lindberg, SE AU - Brooks, S AU - Lin, C-J AU - Scott, K J AU - Landis AU - Stevens, R K AU - Goodsite, M AU - Richter, A AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038, USA, Lindbergse@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 SP - 1245 EP - 1256 VL - 36 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Mercury in the atmosphere KW - Mercury in snow KW - Troposphere KW - Polar environments KW - Oxidation of mercury KW - Halogens in the atmosphere KW - Boundary layers KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Oxidation KW - Mercury KW - USA, Alaska, Barrow KW - Arctic KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18583250?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Dynamic+Oxidation+of+Gaseous+Mercury+in+the+Arctic+Troposphere+at+Polar+Sunrise&rft.au=Lindberg%2C+SE%3BBrooks%2C+S%3BLin%2C+C-J%3BScott%2C+K+J%3BLandis%3BStevens%2C+R+K%3BGoodsite%2C+M%3BRichter%2C+A&rft.aulast=Lindberg&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes0111941 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic; USA, Alaska, Barrow; Mercury; Oxidation; Atmospheric chemistry; Troposphere; Polar environments; Boundary layers; Mercury in the atmosphere; Oxidation of mercury; Halogens in the atmosphere; Mercury in snow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0111941 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improvement of photosynthetic CO sub(2) fixation at high light intensity through reduction of chlorophyll antenna size AN - 856761140; 13857899 AB - At elevated light intensities (greater than 200 kE/[m super(2).s]), the kinetic imbalance between the rate of photon excitation and thermally activated electron transport results in saturation of the rate of photosynthesis. Since maximum terrestrial solar radiation can reach 200 kE/(m super(2).s), a significant opportunity exists to improve photosynthetic efficiency at elevated light intensities by achieving a kinetic balance between photon excitation and electron transport, especially in designed large-scale photosynthetic reactors in which a low-cost and efficient biomass production system is desired. One such strategy is a reduction in chlorophyll (chl) antenna size in relation to the reaction center that it serves. In this article, we report recent progress in this area of research. Light-saturation studies for CO sub(2) fixation were performed on an antenna-deficient mutant of Chlamydomonas (DS521) and the wild type (DES15) with 700 ppm of CO sub(2) in air. The light-saturated rate for CO sub(2) assimilation in the mutant DS521 was about two times higher (187 kmol/[h.mg of chl]) than that of the wild type, DES15 (95 kmol/[h.mg of chl]). Significantly, a partial linearization of the light-saturation curve was also observed. These results confirmed that DS521 has a smaller relative chl antenna size and demonstrated that reduction of relative antenna size can improve the overall efficiency of photon utilization at higher light intensities. The antenna-deficient mutant DS521 can provide significant resistance to photoinhibition, in addition to improvement in the overall efficiency of CO sub(2) fixation at high light. The experimental data reported herein support the idea that reduction in chl antenna size could have significant implications for both fundamental understanding of photosynthesis and potential application to improve photosynthetic CO sub(2) fixation efficiency. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Lee, James W AU - Mets, Laurens AU - Greenbaum, Elias AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831-6194, Oak Ridge, TN, leejw@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 37 EP - 48 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 98-100 IS - 1-9 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Chlorophylls KW - Chlorophyll KW - Data processing KW - Light intensity KW - Photons KW - Photosynthesis KW - Photoinhibition KW - Fixation KW - Biomass KW - Solar radiation KW - Antennae KW - Light effects KW - Kinetics KW - Electron transport KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Chlamydomonas KW - Biotechnology KW - Reaction centers KW - Size KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856761140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Improvement+of+photosynthetic+CO+sub%282%29+fixation+at+high+light+intensity+through+reduction+of+chlorophyll+antenna+size&rft.au=Lee%2C+James+W%3BMets%2C+Laurens%3BGreenbaum%2C+Elias&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=98-100&rft.issue=1-9&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A98-100%3A1-9%3A37 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlorophylls; Light intensity; Photosynthesis; Fixation; Solar radiation; Carbon dioxide; Biotechnology; Size; Chlorophyll; Data processing; Photons; Photoinhibition; Biomass; Antennae; Light effects; Kinetics; Electron transport; Reaction centers; Chlamydomonas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:98-100:1-9:37 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An approach to comparative assessments of potential health risks from exposure to radionuclides and hazardous chemicals. AN - 71570557; 11934116 AB - The need to compare potential health risks to the public associated with different activities that can result in releases of hazardous substances to the environment is becoming increasingly important in decision-making. In making such comparisons, it is desirable to use equivalent indicators of potential health risks for radionuclides, chemical carcinogens, and noncarcinogenic hazardous chemicals. Current approaches to risk assessment that were developed for purposes of protecting human health do not provide equivalent indicators of potential risks from exposure to radionuclides and hazardous chemicals. Comparisons of environmental concentrations or calculated exposures or risks with standards for protection of public health also do not provide equivalent indicators of potential risks. We propose a simple approach to comparative risk assessments in which calculated exposures to any hazardous substances are expressed relative to no-observed-effect levels (NOELs) or, preferably, lower confidence limits of benchmark doses (BMDLs) in humans. This approach provides an equivalent, science-based indicator of the relative risks posed by different exposures to any hazardous substances. JF - Environment international AU - Kocher, D C AU - Greim, H AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6480, USA. dck@senes.com Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 663 EP - 671 VL - 27 IS - 8 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Radioactive Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Reference Values KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Public Health KW - Hazardous Substances -- adverse effects KW - Radioactive Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Benchmarking UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71570557?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+international&rft.atitle=An+approach+to+comparative+assessments+of+potential+health+risks+from+exposure+to+radionuclides+and+hazardous+chemicals.&rft.au=Kocher%2C+D+C%3BGreim%2C+H&rft.aulast=Kocher&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+international&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-10 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace element contamination in benthic macroinvertebrates from a small stream near a uranium mill tailings site. AN - 71492502; 11878642 AB - Direct measurement of the accumulation of non-radioactive trace elements in aquatic biota near uranium mining or processing sites has been relatively rare, with greater focus on the radiological activity in the adjacent soils and groundwater. To evaluate the potential ecological concern associated with trace elements at a former uranium mill site in southeastern Utah, benthic macroinvertebrates were collected and analyzed for 17 trace elements from multiple locations within a small on-site stream, Montezuma Creek, and a nearby reference stream. Key questions of this study relate to the spatial and temporal extent of contamination in aquatic biota, the potential ecological risks associated with that contamination, and the usefulness of benthic macroinvertebrates as a monitoring tool at this site. Composite samples of similar macroinvertebrate taxa and functional feeding groups were collected from each site over a two year period that was representative of normal and dry-year conditions. In both years, mean concentrations of arsenic, molybdenum, selenium, and vanadium were significantly higher (a factor of 2-4 times: P < 0.05) in macroinvertebrates collected from one or both of the two Montezuma Creek sites immediately downstream of the mill tailing site in comparison to concentrations from reference locations. Mean uranium concentrations in invertebrates immediately downstream of the mill site were more than 10 times higher than at reference sites. The site-to-site pattern of contamination in Montezuma Creek invertebrates was similar in 1995 and 1996, with mill-related trace elements showing a downstream decreasing trend. However, nine of seventeen contaminant concentrations were higher in the second year of the study, possibly due to a higher influx of deep groundwater during the drier second year of the study. A preliminary assessment of ecological risks, based on the benthic macroinvertebrate bioaccumulation data, suggests that aquatic and terrestrial population risks are low. Benthic macroinvertebrates appeared to be sensitive integrators of trace element inputs to the aquatic environment from a former uranium mill tailing site, and provided useful spatial and temporal patterns of contamination not easily obtained using conventional surface water or groundwater measures. JF - Environmental monitoring and assessment AU - Peterson, M J AU - Smith, J G AU - Southworth, G R AU - Ryon, M G AU - Eddlemon, G K AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA. petersonmj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 193 EP - 208 VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Trace Elements KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Food Chain KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Mining KW - Risk Assessment KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Trace Elements -- pharmacokinetics KW - Trace Elements -- analysis KW - Invertebrates KW - Water Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71492502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.atitle=Trace+element+contamination+in+benthic+macroinvertebrates+from+a+small+stream+near+a+uranium+mill+tailings+site.&rft.au=Peterson%2C+M+J%3BSmith%2C+J+G%3BSouthworth%2C+G+R%3BRyon%2C+M+G%3BEddlemon%2C+G+K&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lipid and carbon isotopic evidence of methane-oxidizing and sulfate-reducing bacteria in association with gas hydrates from the Gulf of Mexico AN - 52137932; 2002-020882 AB - An integrated lipid biomarker-carbon isotope approach reveals new insight to microbial methane oxidation in the Gulf of Mexico gas-hydrate system. Hydrate-bearing and hydrate-free sediments were collected from the Gulf of Mexico slope using a research submersible. Phospholipid fatty acids consist mainly of C (sub 16) -C (sub 18) compounds, which are largely derived from bacteria. The phospholipid fatty acids suggest that total biomass is enhanced 11-30-fold in gas-hydrate-bearing sediment compared to hydrate-free sediment. Lipid biomarkers indicative of sulfate-reducing bacteria are strongly depleted in (super 13) C (delta (super 13) C = -48 per mil to -70 per mil) in the hydrate-bearing samples, suggesting that they are involved in the oxidation of methane (delta (super 13) C = -47 per mil for thermogenic methane and -70 per mil for biogenic methane). Isotopic properties of other biomarkers suggest that sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (Beggiatoa) may also contribute to the lipid pool in hydrate-bearing samples, which are characterized by less negative delta (super 13) C values (to -11.2 per mil). In the hydrate-free sample, fatty acid biomarkers have delta (super 13) C values of -27.6 per mil to -39.6 per mil, indicating that crude oil (average approximately -27 per mil) or terrestrial organic carbon (average approximately -20 per mil) are the likely carbon sources. Our results provide the first lipid biomarker-stable isotope evidence that sulfate- reducing bacteria play an important role in anaerobic methane oxidation in the Gulf of Mexico gas hydrates. The coupled activities of methane-oxidizing and sulfate-reducing organisms contribute to the development of ecosystems in deep-sea environments and result in sequestration of carbon as buried organic carbon and authigenic carbonates. These have implications for studying climate change based on carbon budgets. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Zhang, Chuanlun L AU - Li, Yiliang AU - Wall, Judy D AU - Larsen, Lise AU - Sassen, Roger AU - Huang, Yongsong AU - Wang, Yi AU - Peacock, Aaron AU - White, David C AU - Horita, Juske AU - Cole, David R Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 239 EP - 242 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - gas hydrates KW - fatty acids KW - lipids KW - isotopes KW - biomass KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - paleo-oceanography KW - ecosystems KW - deep-sea environment KW - stable isotopes KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - paleoecology KW - marine sediments KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - sulfate ion KW - methane KW - isotope ratios KW - oxidation KW - C-13/C-12 KW - alkanes KW - biomarkers KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - biogenic processes KW - marine environment KW - diagenesis KW - chromatograms KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52137932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Lipid+and+carbon+isotopic+evidence+of+methane-oxidizing+and+sulfate-reducing+bacteria+in+association+with+gas+hydrates+from+the+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Chuanlun+L%3BLi%2C+Yiliang%3BWall%2C+Judy+D%3BLarsen%2C+Lise%3BSassen%2C+Roger%3BHuang%2C+Yongsong%3BWang%2C+Yi%3BPeacock%2C+Aaron%3BWhite%2C+David+C%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BCole%2C+David+R&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Chuanlun&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/gsaonline/?request=get-abstract&issn=0091-7613&volume=030&issue=03&page=0239 http://www.gsajournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anaerobic environment; Atlantic Ocean; bacteria; biogenic processes; biomarkers; biomass; C-13/C-12; carbon; chromatograms; deep-sea environment; diagenesis; ecosystems; fatty acids; gas hydrates; geochemistry; Gulf of Mexico; hydrocarbons; isotope ratios; isotopes; lipids; marine environment; marine sediments; methane; North Atlantic; organic acids; organic compounds; oxidation; paleo-oceanography; paleoecology; reduction; sediments; stable isotopes; sulfate ion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climatic change during the last 3.5 m.y. inferred from (super 18) O and (super 13) C isotopes from Trans-Pecos, Texas, USA; comparison with other regional studies AN - 52092953; 2002-047254 AB - A core collected in Trans-Pecos, Texas, has been dated by paleomagnetic techniques and records almost continuous deposition between 12.5 million years ago and 350,000 years ago. The core was deposited in the floodplain of small arid streams over most of this time and the invariant depositional environment and continuous record make this core uniquely suitable for stable isotope analysis of soil carbonates. We have collected samples from over 90 soils, extending back as far as 10 million years. These soils record the uplift associated with formation of the Rio Grande Rift, which occurred between 15 million years ago and the present, as well as the establishment of the Chihuahuan Desert and the gradual drying of the southwestern United States. The core also documents climatic changes over the last 12 million years in a tectonically and ecologically important region of the world. The stable isotope values from the core have been compared with known global climatic events and other regional stable isotope studies to determine if there is any correlation. Our delta (super 18) O values show much heavier values than data from studies by Mack et al. (1994) and Wang et al., (1993). The following trends are seen in our delta (super 18) O values: a decrease from approximately 3.4-2.5 Ma; an increase from approximately 2.5-2.1 Ma; a decrease from approximately 2.1-1.4 Ma; an increase from approximately 1.4-0.8 Ma; fluctuating values from approximately 0.8-0.35 Ma; all superimposed on a long-term decrease in delta (super 18) O. Our observations are in contrast to trends observed in other studies. Specifically, while we see either a slight increase in delta (super 18) O from approximately 2.4-2.1, Wang et al. (1993) and Mack et al. (1994) both show a decrease. From approximately 2.1-1.6 Ma, our data indicates a decrease in delta (super 18) O, whereas Wang et al. (1993) and Mack et al. (1994) show an increase in delta (super 18) O. The delta (super 13) C values from our study show a gradual increase from approximately 3.4-1.8 Ma, followed by a long-term decrease to approximately 0.35 Ma. Overall, the trends that we find in our data is in basic agreement with both Mack et al. (1994) and Wang et al. (1993), with a few specific exceptions. From approximately 1.9-1.8 Ma, approximately 1.5-1.3 Ma, and approximately 1.1-0.9 Ma, we show a decrease in delta (super 13) C values, while the other studies show an increase; from approximately 0.9-0.8 Ma, our data indicates an increase in delta (super 13) C values, where the other studies indicate a decrease. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Clepper, Marta L AU - Cole, David R AU - Mack, Gregory H AU - Langford, Richard P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 5 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - uplifts KW - paleoclimatology KW - stable isotopes KW - cores KW - climate change KW - Chihuahuan Desert KW - Rio Grande Rift KW - Cenozoic KW - carbon KW - soils KW - North America KW - Quaternary KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - Texas KW - paleomagnetism KW - correlation KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - Trans-Pecos KW - carbonates KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52092953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Climatic+change+during+the+last+3.5+m.y.+inferred+from+%28super+18%29+O+and+%28super+13%29+C+isotopes+from+Trans-Pecos%2C+Texas%2C+USA%3B+comparison+with+other+regional+studies&rft.au=Clepper%2C+Marta+L%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BMack%2C+Gregory+H%3BLangford%2C+Richard+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Clepper&rft.aufirst=Marta&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, South-Central Section, 36th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13/C-12; carbon; carbonates; Cenozoic; Chihuahuan Desert; climate change; cores; correlation; isotope ratios; isotopes; Neogene; North America; O-18/O-16; oxygen; paleoclimatology; paleomagnetism; Quaternary; Rio Grande Rift; soils; stable isotopes; Tertiary; Texas; Trans-Pecos; United States; uplifts ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating gaseous mercury emissions from contaminated floodplain soils to the atmosphere with simple field measurement techniques AN - 51939333; 2003-068200 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Wallschlaeger, Dirk AU - Kock, Hans Herbert AU - Schroeder, William H AU - Lindberg, Steven E AU - Ebinghaus, Ralf AU - Wilken, Rolf-Dieter Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 39 EP - 54 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 135 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Elbe River KW - terrestrial environment KW - moisture KW - floodplains KW - techniques KW - Europe KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - Central Europe KW - discharge KW - mercury KW - diffusivity KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - air-water interface KW - gaseous phase KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - boundary conditions KW - measurement KW - volatiles KW - physical properties KW - wetlands KW - metals KW - fluvial features KW - transformations KW - Germany KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51939333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Estimating+gaseous+mercury+emissions+from+contaminated+floodplain+soils+to+the+atmosphere+with+simple+field+measurement+techniques&rft.au=Wallschlaeger%2C+Dirk%3BKock%2C+Hans+Herbert%3BSchroeder%2C+William+H%3BLindberg%2C+Steven+E%3BEbinghaus%2C+Ralf%3BWilken%2C+Rolf-Dieter&rft.aulast=Wallschlaeger&rft.aufirst=Dirk&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air-water interface; aquatic environment; atmosphere; biochemistry; boundary conditions; Central Europe; concentration; diffusivity; discharge; Elbe River; Europe; experimental studies; floodplains; fluvial features; gaseous phase; Germany; laboratory studies; measurement; mercury; metals; moisture; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; techniques; terrestrial environment; toxic materials; transformations; transport; volatiles; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of soil geochemical and physical properties on the bioaccessibility of chromium in soil AN - 51846125; 2004-039987 AB - There are numerous Department of Defense sites that are contaminated with toxic metals such as chromium. Ingestion of contaminated soil by children is the usual risk driver motivating remediation. Site assessments are based solely on total soil-metal concentration and do not consider the potential for decreased bioaccessibility due to metal sequestration. This study investigated the effect of soil properties on the bioaccessibility of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) as a function of metal concentration and aging, and sought to develop statistical models based on common soil properties to estimate the bioaccessibility of Cr in soil. The A- and upper B- horizons of 36 DOD relevant soils from 7 major soil orders were treated with Cr(III) and Cr(VI) and allowed to age. The bioaccessibility of the contaminated soils was measured using a physiologically based extraction test (PBET) designed to simulate the digestive process of the stomach. Overall, bioaccessibility of Cr decreased as the duration of exposure to the soil increased. Cr bioaccessibility varied widely as a function of soil type with most soils limiting bioaccessibility to < 30% after 100 d aging. Statistical analysis showed that the bioaccessibility of Cr(III) on soil was correlated with the clay content and total inorganic carbon (TIC) or total organic carbon (TOC) content of the soil, with bioaccessibility decreasing as the soil TIC content increased and as the clay content decreased. The Cr(VI) statistical model indicated that the total organic carbon (TOC) content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and the soil pH correlated with Cr(VI) bioaccessibility with higher values of TOC, CEC and soil pH resulting in lower Cr bioaccessibility. The models yielded equations based on common soil properties that could be used to predict the Cr bioaccessibility in soils with a reasonable level of confidence. Thus, the models should be useful for assessing Cr(III) and Cr(VI) bioaccessibility at a contaminated site so that the appropriate remediation criteria can be determined. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Stewart, Melanie AU - Jardine, P AU - Mehlhorn, T AU - Barnett, M AU - McKay, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 107 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - cation exchange capacity KW - pollutants KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - nutrients KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - total organic carbon KW - metals KW - chemical properties KW - chemical composition KW - pH KW - chromium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51846125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effects+of+soil+geochemical+and+physical+properties+on+the+bioaccessibility+of+chromium+in+soil&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Melanie%3BJardine%2C+P%3BMehlhorn%2C+T%3BBarnett%2C+M%3BMcKay%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 51st annual meeting; Geological Society of America, North-Central Section, 36th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; cation exchange capacity; chemical composition; chemical properties; chemical reactions; chromium; concentration; metals; nutrients; organic compounds; pH; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; total organic carbon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of anomalously magnetic soils on the Oak Ridge Reservation AN - 51798996; 2004-069778 AB - Oak Ridge National Laboratory researchers collected high-resolution airborne geophysical data in the winter of 1992-93 on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, to search for possible undocumented waste areas. Instead, they found numerous localized "bulls-eye" magnetic anomalies, apparently of natural origin. Susceptibility measurements made on soil cores and drill core collected from the underlying Copper Ridge Dolomite found that the bedrock is not magnetic, but that the local soils contain maghemite throughout the soil profile, with the highest susceptibilities in the near surface. They suggested that the airborne magnetic anomalies may be due to thickened soil profiles associated with colluvial infilling of the regional karst topography, but offered no explanation for the genesis of the maghemite. We hypothesize that the maghemite was created by anaerobic microbial iron reduction followed by formation of single-domain maghemite or by abiological weathering and reduction of an iron-bearing mineral followed by autoxidation. We are comparing thin sections made from soil cores collected inside and outside one of the magnetic anomalies to look for correlation between pedogenesis and magnetic susceptibility and using transmission electron microscopy to distinguish biologic from abiologic maghemite. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Rivers, John M AU - Nyquist, Jonathan E AU - Terry, Dennis O, Jr AU - Doll, William E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 17 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - chemical weathering KW - biodegradation KW - pedogenesis KW - geophysical surveys KW - oxidation KW - geophysical methods KW - magnetic methods KW - magnetic anomalies KW - environmental analysis KW - weathering KW - cores KW - magnetic susceptibility KW - Tennessee KW - surveys KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - waste disposal KW - maghemite KW - airborne methods KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51798996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+anomalously+magnetic+soils+on+the+Oak+Ridge+Reservation&rft.au=Rivers%2C+John+M%3BNyquist%2C+Jonathan+E%3BTerry%2C+Dennis+O%2C+Jr%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rivers&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 37th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; biodegradation; chemical weathering; cores; environmental analysis; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; maghemite; magnetic anomalies; magnetic methods; magnetic susceptibility; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; oxidation; oxides; pedogenesis; reduction; soils; surveys; Tennessee; United States; waste disposal; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of hydrological and geochemical processes on the transport of chelated metals and chromate in fractured shale bedrock AN - 51172424; 2002-035322 AB - Field-scale processes governing the transport of chelated radionuclides in groundwater remain conceptually unclear for highly structured, heterogeneous environments. The objectives of this research were to provide an improved understanding and predictive capability of the hydrological and geochemical mechanisms that control the transport behavior of chelated radionuclides and metals in anoxic subsurface environments that are complicated by fracture flow and matrix diffusion. Our approach involved a long-term, steady-state natural gradient field experiment where nonreactive Br (super -) and reactive (super 57) Co(II)EDTA (super 2-) , (super 109) CdEDTA (super 2-) , and (super 51) Cr(VI) were injected into a fracture zone of a contaminated fractured shale bedrock. The spatial and temporal distribution of the tracer and solutes was monitored for 500 days using an array of groundwater sampling wells instrumented within the fast-flowing fracture regime and a slower flowing matrix regime. The tracers were preferentially transported along strike-parallel fractures coupled with the slow diffusion of significant tracer mass into the bedrock matrix. The chelated radionuclides and metals were significantly retarded by the solid phase with the mechanisms of retardation largely due to redox reactions and sorption coupled with mineral-induced chelate-radionuclide dissociation. The formation of significant Fe(III)EDTA (super -) byproduct that accompanied the dissociation of the radionuclide-chelate complexes was believed to be the result of surface interactions with biotite which was the only Fe(III)-bearing mineral phase present in these Fe-reducing environments. These results counter current conceptual models that suggest chelated contaminants move conservatively through Fe-reducing environments since they are devoid of Fe-oxyhydroxides that are known to aggressively compete for chelates in oxic regimes. Modeling results further demonstrated that chelate-radionuclide dissociation reactions were most prevalent along fractures where accelerated weathering processes are expected to expose more primary minerals than the surrounding rock matrix. The findings of this study suggest that physical retardation mechanisms (i.e. diffusion) are dominant within the matrix regime, whereas geochemical retardation mechanisms are dominant within the fracture regime. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Jardine, P M AU - Mehlhorn, T L AU - Larsen, I L AU - Bailey, W B AU - Brooks, S C AU - Roh, Y AU - Gwo, J P Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 137 EP - 159 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 55 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - cobalt KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - simulation KW - iron KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - fractures KW - ferric iron KW - sedimentary rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - sampling KW - tracers KW - Tennessee KW - cadmium KW - mobility KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - bedrock KW - monitoring KW - shale KW - pollutants KW - matrix KW - injection KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - bromine KW - weathering KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - nuclear facilities KW - chelation KW - clastic rocks KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51172424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Influence+of+hydrological+and+geochemical+processes+on+the+transport+of+chelated+metals+and+chromate+in+fractured+shale+bedrock&rft.au=Jardine%2C+P+M%3BMehlhorn%2C+T+L%3BLarsen%2C+I+L%3BBailey%2C+W+B%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BRoh%2C+Y%3BGwo%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bedrock; bromine; cadmium; chelation; clastic rocks; cobalt; ferric iron; fractures; ground water; halogens; injection; iron; isotopes; matrix; metals; migration of elements; mobility; monitoring; nuclear facilities; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; sampling; sedimentary rocks; shale; simulation; Tennessee; theoretical models; tracers; transport; United States; waste management; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understory vegetation indicators of anthropogenic disturbance in longleaf pine forests at Fort Benning, Georgia, USA AN - 18615555; 5533498 AB - Environmental indicators for longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) ecosystems need to include some measure of understory vegetation because of its responsiveness to disturbance and management practices. To examine the characteristics of understory species that distinguish between disturbances induced by military traffic, we randomly established transects in four training intensity categories (reference, light, moderate, and heavy) and in an area that had been remediated following intense disturbance at Fort Benning, GA. A total of 134 plant species occurred in these transects with the highest diversity (95 species) in light training areas and the lowest (16 species) in heavily disturbed plots. Forty-seven species were observed in only one of the five disturbance categories. The variability in understory vegetation cover among disturbance types was trimodal ranging from less than 5% cover for heavily disturbed areas to 67% cover for reference, light, and remediated areas. High variability in species diversity and lack of difference in understory cover led us to consider life-form and plant families as indicators of military disturbance. Life-form successfully distinguished between plots based on military disturbances. Species that are Phanerophytes (trees and shrubs) were the most frequent life-form encountered in sites that experienced light infantry training. Therophytes (annuals) were the least common life-form in reference and light training areas. Chamaephytes (plants with their buds slightly above ground) were the least frequent life-form in moderate and remediation sites. Heavy training sites supported no Chamaephytes or Hemicryptophytes (plants with dormant buds at ground level). The heavy, moderate, remediated, and reference sites were all dominated by Cryptophytes (plants with underground buds) possibly because of their ability to withstand both military disturbance and ground fires (the natural disturbance of longleaf pine forests). Analysis of soils collected from each transect revealed that depth of the A layer of soil was significantly higher in reference and light training areas which may explain the life-form distributions. In addition, the diversity of plant families and, in particular, the presence of grasses and composites were indicative of training and remediation history. These results are supported by prior analysis of life-form distribution subsequent to other disturbances and demonstrate the ability of life-form and plant families to distinguish between military disturbances in longleaf pine forests. JF - Ecological Indicators AU - Dale, V H AU - Beyeler, S C AU - Jackson, B AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 155 EP - 170 VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 1470-160X, 1470-160X KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - D 04712:Environmental degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18615555?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Indicators&rft.atitle=Understory+vegetation+indicators+of+anthropogenic+disturbance+in+longleaf+pine+forests+at+Fort+Benning%2C+Georgia%2C+USA&rft.au=Dale%2C+V+H%3BBeyeler%2C+S+C%3BJackson%2C+B&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Indicators&rft.issn=1470160X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1470-160X%2801%2900014-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-160X(01)00014-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and composting of poultry litter in forced-aeration piles AN - 18323143; 5372948 AB - The environmental problems associated with raw poultry manure application could be mitigated by stabilizing its nutrient and organic matter (OM) contents by composting before application to agricultural soils. In the present study, quantitative changes in physical, chemical, and microbial properties of poultry litter (a mixture of poultry manure, wood shavings, waste feed, and feathers) were studied in order to understand the composting process and evaluate the suitability of the composted product as a soil amendment. The poultry litter was composted in forced-aeration piles. Results of this study showed that the poultry litter went through physico-chemical and microbial changes similar to other composting systems, including changes like self-heating of the compost mass, relative increases in total Cu, Zn, P, K, and NO super(-) sub(x)-N and decreases in microbial population numbers, C, OM, and extractable C, Cu, Zn, and NH super(+) sub(4)-N contents. Despite differences in thermophilic temperatures at different locations of the forced-aeration piles, temperatures in these locations reached ambient level almost at the same time by day 128, indicating that the poultry litter was becoming stable. Nitrogen loss was a major problem during composting of poultry litter, even when the piles were not turned under the forced-aeration system. About 18 kg of the initial N (58% of the initial N) was lost during composting, which indicates that composting reduced the value of the poultry litter as N fertilizer. However, the composted litter contained a more humified (stabilized) OM compared with the uncomposted litter, which could enhance its value as a soil conditioner. In conclusion, composting of poultry litter converted the soluble nutrients to more stable organic forms, thereby reducing their bioavailability and susceptibility to loss when applied to crop fields. JF - Process Biochemistry AU - Tiquia, S M AU - Tam, NFY AD - Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA, tiquia@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 869 EP - 880 VL - 37 IS - 8 SN - 0032-9592, 0032-9592 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Litter KW - Animal wastes KW - Agricultural wastes KW - Temperature KW - Poultry farming KW - Recycling KW - Aeration KW - Waste management KW - Fertilizers KW - Composting KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18323143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Process+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+composting+of+poultry+litter+in+forced-aeration+piles&rft.au=Tiquia%2C+S+M%3BTam%2C+NFY&rft.aulast=Tiquia&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=869&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Process+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00329592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Poultry farming; Litter; Composting; Animal wastes; Agricultural wastes; Waste management; Temperature; Recycling; Fertilizers; Aeration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computer Tool For Evaluation of Anaerobic Microbial PCB Transformations AN - 16136908; 5376350 AB - Several researchers have demonstrated the transformation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. This transformation, or conversion, is characteristic and often dependent on PCB congener structure and, in addition, dictates the products or extent of degradation. Because transformation is linked to microbial activities, bioremediation has been hailed as a possible solution for PCB-contaminated soils and sediments, and several demonstration activities have verified laboratory results. This article presents results from mathematical modeling of anaerobic microbial PCB transformation. Because transformation can be influenced by both starting composition of the PCBs and microbial activity, this article systematically evaluates several of the most common transformation patterns. The predicted data are also compared with experimental results. For example, the correlation between laboratory-observed and predicted products was, in some cases, as good as 0.96 (perfect correlation = 1.0). In addition to predicting extent of transformation, the water solubility and the possible human effects of the PCBs are discussed through the use of documented dioxin-like toxicity and accumulation in humans before and after transformation. JF - Bioremediation Journal AU - Klasson, K T AU - Just, E M AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6226, USA, klassonkt@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 77 EP - 85 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1088-9868, 1088-9868 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts KW - Aerobic bacteria KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - Toxicity KW - W4 220:Environmental Modeling KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16136908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.atitle=Computer+Tool+For+Evaluation+of+Anaerobic+Microbial+PCB+Transformations&rft.au=Klasson%2C+K+T%3BJust%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Klasson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.issn=10889868&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Toxicity; Polychlorinated Biphenyls ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Relative Importance of Sources of Greenhouse-Gas Emissions: Comparison of Global Through Subnational Perspectives AN - 16131659; 5340817 AB - Increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases are widely expected to cause global warming and other climatic changes. It is important to establish priorities for reducing greenhouse-gas emissions, so that resources can be allocated efficiently and effectively. This is a global problem, and it is possible, on a global scale, to identify those activities whose emissions have the greatest potential for enhancing the greenhouse effect. However, perspectives from smaller scales must be appreciated, because it is on scales down to the local level that response measures will be implemented. This paper analyzes the relative importance of emissions from the many individual sources, on scales ranging from global to national to subnational. Individual country perspectives and proposed policy measures and those of subnational political entities exhibit some commonalities but differ among themselves and from a global-scale perspective in detail. JF - Environmental Management AU - Cushman, R M AU - Jones, S B AD - Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6335 USA Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 360 EP - 372 PB - Springer-Verlag, [URL:http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00267/bibs/2029 003/20290360.htm] VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Politics KW - Climatic changes KW - Emission control KW - Air pollution control KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Climatic change KW - Environmental policy KW - environmental policy KW - Global warming KW - International regulations KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide emissions KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.588.7:Human influence on climate. Including: effect of towns, buildings, etc. global warming (anthropogenic) (551.588.7) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16131659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=The+Relative+Importance+of+Sources+of+Greenhouse-Gas+Emissions%3A+Comparison+of+Global+Through+Subnational+Perspectives&rft.au=Cushman%2C+R+M%3BJones%2C+S+B&rft.aulast=Cushman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=360&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climatic changes; Global warming; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases; Environmental policy; Carbon dioxide emissions; Climatic change; Politics; Air pollution control; Emission control; International regulations; environmental policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular and phenotypic analysis of 25 recessive, homozygous-viable alleles at the mouse agouti locus. AN - 71473585; 11861569 AB - Agouti is a paracrine-acting, transient antagonist of melanocortin 1 receptors that specifies the subapical band of yellow on otherwise black hairs of the wild-type coat. To better understand both agouti structure/function and the germline damage caused by chemicals and radiation, an allelic series of 25 recessive, homozygous-viable agouti mutations generated in specific-locus tests were characterized. Visual inspection of fur, augmented by quantifiable chemical analysis of hair melanins, suggested four phenotypic categories (mild, moderate, umbrous-like, severe) for the 18 hypomorphs and a single category for the 7 amorphs (null). Molecular analysis indicated protein-coding alterations in 8 hypomorphs and 6 amorphs, with mild-moderate phenotypes correlating with signal peptide or basic domain mutations, and more devastating phenotypes resulting from C-terminal lesions. Ten hypomorphs and one null demonstrated wild-type coding potential, suggesting that they contain mutations elsewhere in the > or = 125-kb agouti locus that either reduce the level or alter the temporal/spatial distribution of agouti transcripts. Beyond the notable contributions to the field of mouse germ cell mutagenesis, analysis of this allelic series illustrates that complete abrogation of agouti function in vivo occurs most often through protein-coding lesions, whereas partial loss of function occurs slightly more frequently at the level of gene expression control. JF - Genetics AU - Miltenberger, Rosalynn J AU - Wakamatsu, Kazumasa AU - Ito, Shosuke AU - Woychik, Richard P AU - Russell, Liane B AU - Michaud, Edward J AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 659 EP - 674 VL - 160 IS - 2 SN - 0016-6731, 0016-6731 KW - Agouti Signaling Protein KW - 0 KW - Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins KW - Melanins KW - Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Hair -- physiology KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mice KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - Pigmentation -- genetics KW - Melanins -- genetics KW - Phenotype KW - Exons -- genetics KW - Alleles KW - Melanins -- physiology KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mutation KW - Female KW - Male KW - Genes, Recessive -- genetics KW - Proteins -- genetics KW - Proteins -- physiology KW - Genes, Recessive -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71473585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genetics&rft.atitle=Molecular+and+phenotypic+analysis+of+25+recessive%2C+homozygous-viable+alleles+at+the+mouse+agouti+locus.&rft.au=Miltenberger%2C+Rosalynn+J%3BWakamatsu%2C+Kazumasa%3BIto%2C+Shosuke%3BWoychik%2C+Richard+P%3BRussell%2C+Liane+B%3BMichaud%2C+Edward+J&rft.aulast=Miltenberger&rft.aufirst=Rosalynn&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=160&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=659&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genetics&rft.issn=00166731&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-24 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jun 7;91(12):5667-71 [8202545] Mutat Res. 1999 Jul 16;428(1-2):227-36 [10517996] Nature. 1994 Oct 27;371(6500):799-802 [7935841] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Oct 11;91(21):9760-4 [7937887] Nat Genet. 1994 Sep;8(1):59-65 [7987393] Protein Sci. 1994 Oct;3(10):1833-9 [7849598] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 May 23;92(11):4728-32 [7761391] Mutat Res. 1995 Aug;330(1-2):183-208 [7623865] Genetics. 1995 May;140(1):255-65 [7635290] Genetics. 1995 May;140(1):267-74 [7635291] J Invest Dermatol. 1995 Sep;105(3):361-6 [7665913] Development. 1995 Oct;121(10):3223-32 [7588057] Genetics. 1996 Sep;144(1):255-64 [8878691] Genetics. 1996 Sep;144(1):265-77 [8878692] Nature. 1996 Dec 5;384(6608):432-8 [8945469] Cell. 1997 Jan 10;88(1):131-41 [9019399] Biochemistry. 1997 Feb 25;36(8):2084-90 [9047307] Genetics. 1997 Feb;145(2):435-43 [9071596] Genes Dev. 1997 Mar 1;11(5):593-602 [9119224] Genetics. 1997 Aug;146(4):1407-15 [9258683] Science. 1997 Oct 3;278(5335):135-8 [9311920] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Nov 25;94(24):13105-10 [9371807] Genes Dev. 1998 Feb 1;12(3):316-30 [9450927] Genetics. 1998 Apr;148(4):1951-61 [9560408] Genetics. 1998 Apr;148(4):1963-72 [9560409] Biochemistry. 1998 Sep 1;37(35):12172-7 [9724530] Nature. 1999 Mar 11;398(6723):148-52 [10086355] Nature. 1999 Mar 11;398(6723):152-6 [10086356] FEBS Lett. 1999 May 21;451(2):125-31 [10371151] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jul 20;96(15):8579-84 [10411918] Genetics. 2001 Aug;158(4):1683-95 [11514456] J Cell Biol. 1975 Dec;67(3):835-51 [811671] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Apr;81(7):1991-5 [6326095] Anal Biochem. 1985 Feb 1;144(2):527-36 [3993914] Mol Endocrinol. 1989 Dec;3(12):1996-2004 [2628734] J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 10;275(10):6695-8 [10702221] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Apr 2;270(1):176-82 [10733924] Mamm Genome. 2000 Jul;11(7):489-99 [10886011] J Mol Biol. 2000 Jul 21;300(4):1005-16 [10891285] Exp Cell Res. 2000 Aug 25;259(1):54-63 [10942578] Pigment Cell Res. 2000 Oct;13(5):337-44 [11041210] Anim Genet. 2000 Oct;31(5):335-6 [11105218] Nat Genet. 2001 Jan;27(1):40-7 [11137996] Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2000 Feb;10(2):76-81 [11150734] Pigment Cell Res. 2001 Feb;14(1):23-31 [11277491] Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2001 Jun;11(3):268-73 [11377962] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1990;16(2):85-103 [2209569] Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Dec 25;18(24):7293-8 [2124349] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Sep 15;88(18):8062-6 [1896452] Cell. 1992 Dec 24;71(7):1195-204 [1473152] Mutat Res. 1993 Apr;286(2):199-207 [7681531] Genes Dev. 1994 Feb 15;8(4):481-90 [8125260] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Mar 29;91(7):2562-6 [8146154] EMBO J. 1994 Apr 15;13(8):1806-16 [8168479] FASEB J. 1994 May;8(8):479-88 [8181666] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1999;34(1):16-23 [10462719] Hum Mol Genet. 1999;8(10):1955-63 [10469849] Genes Dev. 1994 Jun 15;8(12):1463-72 [7926745] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranyl surface complexes formed on subsurface media from DOE facilities AN - 52116208; 2002-016693 AB - A mechanistic understanding of U sorption in natural soils and sediments is useful for determining its transport and bioavailability in the environment. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to determine the mechanisms by which U(VI) sorbs to three heterogeneous subsurface media reacted under static and dynamic flow conditions. Regardless of the media chosen, ternary surface complexes were the dominant type of sorption complex. Uranyl phosphate complexes were formed in subsurface media from more acidic environments. In contrast, uranyl carbonate ternary surface complexes formed in media from more neutral conditions. The complexes are predominantly inner-sphere, although some outer-sphere complexes may also be present, and appear to be on iron (hydr)oxides and possibly aluminosilicates. Additionally, the uranyl phosphate and carbonate complexes are highly disordered, which contributes to their reversible sorption properties. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Bostick, Benjamin C AU - Fendorf, Scott AU - Barnett, Mark O AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Brooks, Scott C Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 99 EP - 108 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 66 IS - 1 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - iron oxides KW - South Carolina KW - coordination KW - complexing KW - X-ray absorption spectra KW - Tennessee KW - oxides KW - hydrodynamics KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - surface properties KW - carbonate ion KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - uranyl ion KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - X-ray spectra KW - molecular structure KW - phosphate ion KW - Inceptisols KW - metals KW - parent materials KW - EXAFS data KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - Savannah River Site KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52116208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Uranyl+surface+complexes+formed+on+subsurface+media+from+DOE+facilities&rft.au=Bostick%2C+Benjamin+C%3BFendorf%2C+Scott%3BBarnett%2C+Mark+O%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C&rft.aulast=Bostick&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://www.soils.org/publications/sssaj LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Feb. 4, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; carbonate ion; complexing; coordination; EXAFS data; geochemistry; Hanford Site; hydrodynamics; Inceptisols; iron oxides; metals; molecular structure; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; oxides; parent materials; phosphate ion; pollutants; pollution; Savannah River Site; soils; South Carolina; spectra; surface properties; Tennessee; United States; uranium; uranyl ion; Washington; waste disposal; X-ray absorption spectra; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Karst pathway delineation using combined spatial and geophysical analysis at Camp Crowder, Missouri AN - 50884467; 2005-046464 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Gamey, T Jeffrey AU - Thompson, M AU - Mandell, Wayne A AU - Frano, G AU - Miller, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 EP - 13CAV5 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2002 KW - United States KW - Newton County Missouri KW - geophysical surveys KW - spatial data KW - Missouri KW - karst hydrology KW - karst KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - ground water KW - electromagnetic methods KW - tectonics KW - soils KW - seismic profiles KW - lineaments KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - resistivity KW - seismic methods KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Camp Crowder KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - military facilities KW - solution features KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50884467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Karst+pathway+delineation+using+combined+spatial+and+geophysical+analysis+at+Camp+Crowder%2C+Missouri&rft.au=Gamey%2C+T+Jeffrey%3BThompson%2C+M%3BMandell%2C+Wayne+A%3BFrano%2C+G%3BMiller%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gamey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=2002&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on The application of geophysics to environmental and engineering problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - sects., geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Camp Crowder; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; ground water; karst; karst hydrology; lineaments; military facilities; Missouri; Newton County Missouri; nonaqueous phase liquids; pollutants; pollution; resistivity; seismic methods; seismic profiles; soils; solution features; spatial data; surveys; tectonics; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical profiling in support of a nitrate and uranium groundwater remediation study AN - 50882591; 2005-046489 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Doll, William E AU - Gamey, T Jeffrey AU - Watson, David B AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 EP - 13ESC7 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2002 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - geophysical surveys KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - refraction methods KW - seismic methods KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - metals KW - water treatment KW - Tennessee KW - surveys KW - signal-to-noise ratio KW - geophysical profiles KW - uranium KW - nitrate ion KW - water pollution KW - actinides KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50882591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Geophysical+profiling+in+support+of+a+nitrate+and+uranium+groundwater+remediation+study&rft.au=Doll%2C+William+E%3BGamey%2C+T+Jeffrey%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Doll&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=2002&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on The application of geophysics to environmental and engineering problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; bioremediation; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; ground water; metals; nitrate ion; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; refraction methods; remediation; seismic methods; signal-to-noise ratio; surveys; Tennessee; United States; uranium; water pollution; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A GIS/simulation framework for assessing change in water yield over largespatial scales. AN - 27178278; 200301-61-0005 (CE); 05332658 (EN) AB - Recent legislation to initiate vegetation management in the Central Sierra hydrologic region of California includes a focus on corresponding changes in water yield. This served as the impetus for developing a combined geographic information system (GIS) and simulation assessment framework. Using the existing vegetation density condition, together with proposed rules for thinning to reduce fire risk, a set of simulation model inputs were generated for examining the impact of the thinning scenario on water yield. The approach allows results to be expressed as the mean and standard deviation of change in water yield for each 1-km super(2) map cell that is thinned. Values for groups of cells are aggregated for typical watershed units using area-weighted averaging. Wet, dry, and average precipitation years were simulated over a large region. Where snow plays an important role in hydrologic processes, the simulated change in water yield was less than 0.5% of expected annual runoff for a typical watershed. Such small changes would be undetectable in the field using conventional stream flow analysis. These results suggest that use of water yield increases to help justify forest-thinning activities or offset their cost will be difficult. JF - Environmental Management AU - Huff, D D AU - Hargrove, W W AU - Graham, R AU - Nikolov, N AU - Tharp, M L AD - Environmental Sciences and Computational Physics and Engineering Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038, USA PY - 2002 SP - 164 EP - 181 PB - Springer-Verlag (New York), 175 Fifth Ave , New York, NY, 10010, USA, [URL:http://www.link.springer-ny.com] VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Publisher ID: 10.1007/s00267-0003-5 KW - Geographic information systems KW - Satellite navigation systems KW - Forest management KW - Land management KW - Vegetation KW - Computer simulation KW - Watersheds KW - Hydrology KW - Fires KW - Snow KW - Legislation KW - Density KW - Runoff KW - Standard deviation KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27178278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=A+GIS%2Fsimulation+framework+for+assessing+change+in+water+yield+over+largespatial+scales.&rft.au=Huff%2C+D+D%3BHargrove%2C+W+W%3BGraham%2C+R%3BNikolov%2C+N%3BTharp%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Huff&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - Graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plant water relations at elevated CO sub(2) - implications for water-limited environments AN - 18578663; 5367585 AB - Long-term exposure of plants to elevated [CO sub(2)] leads to a number of growth and physiological effects, many of which are interpreted in the context of ameliorating the negative impacts of drought. However, despite considerable study, a clear picture in terms of the influence of elevated [CO sub(2)] on plant water relations and the role that these effects play in determining the response of plants to elevated [CO sub(2)] under water-limited conditions has been slow to emerge. In this paper, four areas of research are examined that represent critical, yet uncertain, themes related to the response of plants to elevated [CO sub(2)] and drought. These include (1) fine-root proliferation and implications for whole-plant water uptake; (2) enhanced water-use efficiency and consequences for drought tolerance; (3) reductions in stomatal conductance and impacts on leaf water potential; and (4) solute accumulation, osmotic adjustment and dehydration tolerance of leaves. A survey of the literature indicates that the growth of plants at elevated [CO sub(2)] can lead to conditions whereby plants maintain higher (less negative) leaf water potentials. The mechanisms that contribute to this effect are not fully known, although CO sub(2)-induced reductions in stomatal conductance, increases in whole-plant hydraulic conductance and osmotic adjustment may be important. Less understood are the interactive effects of elevated [CO sub(2)] and drought on fine-root production and water-use efficiency, and the contribution of these processes to plant growth in water-limited environments. Increases in water-use efficiency and reductions in water use can contribute to enhanced soil water content under elevated [CO sub(2)]. Herbaceous crops and grasslands are most responsive in this regard. The conservation of soil water at elevated [CO sub(2)] in other systems has been less studied, but in terms of maintaining growth or carbon gain during drought, the benefits of CO sub(2)-induced improvements in soil water content appear relatively minor. Nonetheless, because even small effects of elevated [CO sub(2)] on plant and soil water relations can have important implications for ecosystems, we conclude that this area of research deserves continued investigation. Future studies that focus on cellular mechanisms of plant response to elevated [CO sub(2)] and drought are needed, as are whole-plant investigations that emphasize the integration of processes throughout the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. JF - Plant, Cell & Environment AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Tschaplinski, T J AU - Norby, R J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA, wullschlegsd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 319 EP - 331 VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0140-7791, 0140-7791 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Carbon dioxide effects on plants KW - Plant Physiology KW - Plant physiology KW - Carbon dioxide effects on grasslands KW - Plant Water Potential KW - Soil Water KW - Drought KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - SW 0860:Water and plants KW - M2 551.510.4:Composition of the atmosphere (551.510.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18578663?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant%2C+Cell+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Plant+water+relations+at+elevated+CO+sub%282%29+-+implications+for+water-limited+environments&rft.au=Wullschleger%2C+S+D%3BTschaplinski%2C+T+J%3BNorby%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Wullschleger&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant%2C+Cell+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01407791&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue - Drought Stress. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon dioxide effects on plants; Plant physiology; Carbon dioxide effects on grasslands; Plant Physiology; Drought; Soil Water; Plant Water Potential; Carbon Dioxide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolomics and microarrays for improved understanding of phenotypic characteristics controlled by both genomics and environmental constraints AN - 18367682; 5349252 AB - Advances in our understanding of functional genomics are best addressed by integrative studies that include measurements of mRNA, proteins, and low molecular weight metabolites over time and varied conditions. Bioinformatics can then be used to relate this data to the genome. Current technology allows for comprehensive and rapid mRNA expression profiling and mass spectrophotometric measurement of low molecular weight intermediates and metabolic products. In prokaryotic organisms, this combination provides a potentially powerful tool for identifying gene function and regulatory networks even in the absence of a combined proteomic approach. JF - Current Opinion in Biotechnology AU - Phelps, T J AU - Palumbo, A V AU - Beliaev, A S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, phelpstj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 20 EP - 24 VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 0958-1669, 0958-1669 KW - DNA microarrays KW - genomics KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W2 32000:General topics and reviews KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18367682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Metabolomics+and+microarrays+for+improved+understanding+of+phenotypic+characteristics+controlled+by+both+genomics+and+environmental+constraints&rft.au=Phelps%2C+T+J%3BPalumbo%2C+A+V%3BBeliaev%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Phelps&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Opinion+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=09581669&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laser desorption mass spectrometry for microbial DNA analysis AN - 18262928; 5313634 AB - Recently, we demonstrated that a matrix-assisted laser desorption /ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF MS) can be used to determine the molecular weight of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of intact 16S rRNA regions and to profile their restriction digests. This is the first time that MALDI-TOF MS with ultraviolet (UV) photoionization has been used to analyze a PCR product of similar to 1600 nucleotides in length. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Taranenko, NI AU - Hurt, R AU - Zhou, J Z AU - Isola, N R AU - Huang, H AU - Lee, SH AU - Chen, CH AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, 37831-6378 Oak Ridge, TN USA Y1 - 2002/02/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Feb 01 SP - 101 EP - 106 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 48 IS - 2-3 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Desorption KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - U.V. radiation KW - DNA KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Lasers KW - rRNA 16S KW - Ionization KW - A 01113:General KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W2 32243:Molecular methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18262928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Laser+desorption+mass+spectrometry+for+microbial+DNA+analysis&rft.au=Taranenko%2C+NI%3BHurt%2C+R%3BZhou%2C+J+Z%3BIsola%2C+N+R%3BHuang%2C+H%3BLee%2C+SH%3BChen%2C+CH&rft.aulast=Taranenko&rft.aufirst=NI&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mass spectroscopy; DNA; Ionization; Desorption; U.V. radiation; Polymerase chain reaction; Lasers; rRNA 16S ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transcriptional and Proteomic Analysis of a Ferric Uptake Regulator (Fur) Mutant of Shewanella oneidensis: Possible Involvement of Fur in Energy Metabolism, Transcriptional Regulation, and Oxidative Stress AN - 18249388; 5306606 AB - The iron-directed, coordinate regulation of genes depends on the fur (ferric uptake regulator) gene product, which acts as an iron-responsive, transcriptional repressor protein. To investigate the biological function of a fur homolog in the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, a fur knockout strain (FUR1) was generated by suicide plasmid integration into this gene and characterized using phenotype assays, DNA microarrays containing 691 arrayed genes, and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Physiological studies indicated that FUR1 was similar to the wild-type strain when they were compared for anaerobic growth and reduction of various electron acceptors. Transcription profiling, however, revealed that genes with predicted functions in electron transport, energy metabolism, transcriptional regulation, and oxidative stress protection were either repressed (ccoNQ, etrA, cytochrome b and c maturation-encoding genes, qor, yiaY, sodB, rpoH, phoB, and chvI) or induced (yggW, pdhC, prpC, aceE, fdhD, and ppc) in the fur mutant. Disruption of fur also resulted in derepression of genes (hxuC, alcC, fhuA, hemR, irgA, and ompW) putatively involved in iron uptake. This agreed with the finding that the fur mutant produced threefold-higher levels of siderophore than the wild-type strain under conditions of sufficient iron. Analysis of a subset of the FUR1 proteome (i.e., primarily soluble cytoplasmic and periplasmic proteins) indicated that 11 major protein species reproducibly showed significant (P < 0.05) differences in abundance relative to the wild type. Protein identification using mass spectrometry indicated that the expression of two of these proteins (SodB and AlcC) correlated with the microarray data. These results suggest a possible regulatory role of S. oneidensis MR-1 Fur in energy metabolism that extends the traditional model of Fur as a negative regulator of iron acquisition systems. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Thompson, D K AU - Beliaev, A S AU - Giometti, C S AU - Tollaksen, S L AU - Khare, T AU - Lies, D P AU - Nealson, KH AU - Lim, H AU - Yates III, J AU - Brandt, C C AU - Tiedje, J M AU - Zhou, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038., zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 881 EP - 892 VL - 68 IS - 2 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Fur protein KW - aceE gene KW - alcC gene KW - ccoNQ gene KW - chvI gene KW - cytochrome b KW - etrA gene KW - fdhD gene KW - fhuA gene KW - fur gene KW - hemR gene KW - hxuC gene KW - ompW gene KW - pdhC gene KW - phoB gene KW - ppc gene KW - prpC gene KW - qor gene KW - rgA gene KW - rpoH gene KW - sodB gene KW - yggW gene KW - yiaY gene KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Transcription factors KW - Gene regulation KW - Oxidation KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - Iron KW - A 01002:Acids, amino acids, peptides & proteins KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18249388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Transcriptional+and+Proteomic+Analysis+of+a+Ferric+Uptake+Regulator+%28Fur%29+Mutant+of+Shewanella+oneidensis%3A+Possible+Involvement+of+Fur+in+Energy+Metabolism%2C+Transcriptional+Regulation%2C+and+Oxidative+Stress&rft.au=Thompson%2C+D+K%3BBeliaev%2C+A+S%3BGiometti%2C+C+S%3BTollaksen%2C+S+L%3BKhare%2C+T%3BLies%2C+D+P%3BNealson%2C+KH%3BLim%2C+H%3BYates+III%2C+J%3BBrandt%2C+C+C%3BTiedje%2C+J+M%3BZhou%2C+J&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=881&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.68.2.881-892.2002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shewanella oneidensis; Iron; Gene regulation; Oxidation; Transcription factors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.2.881-892.2002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multifaceted roles of Lys166 of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase as discerned by product analysis and chemical rescue of site-directed mutants. AN - 71403391; 11802742 AB - Ab initio calculations [King, W. A., et al. (1998) Biochemistry 37, 15414-15422] of an active-site mimic of D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase suggest that active-site Lys166 plays a role in carboxylation in addition to its functions in the initial deprotonation and final protonation steps. To test this postulate, the turnover of 1-(3)H-labeled D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) by impaired position-166 mutants was characterized. Although these mutants catalyze slow enolization of RuBP, most of the RuBP-enediol undergoes beta-elimination of phosphate to form 2,3-pentodiulose 5-phosphate, signifying deficiencies in normal carboxylation and oxygenation. Much of the remaining RuBP-enediol is carboxylated but forms pyruvate, rather than 3-phospho-D-glycerate, due to incapacity in protonation of the terminal aci-acid intermediate. As a further test of the postulate, the effects of subtle perturbation of the Lys166 side chain on the carboxylation/oxygenation partitioning ratio (tau) were determined. To eliminate a chemically reactive site, Cys58 was replaced by a seryl residue without any loss of activity. The virtually inactive K166C-C58S double mutant was chemically rescued by aminoethylation or aminopropylation to reinsert a lysyl-like side chain at position 166. Relative to the wild-type value, tau for the aminoethylated enzyme was increased by approximately 30%, and tau for the aminopropylated enzyme was decreased by approximately 80%. Thus, two lines of experimentation support the theoretically based conclusion for the importance of Lys166 in the reaction of RuBP-enediol with gaseous substrates. JF - Biochemistry AU - Harpel, Mark R AU - Larimer, Frank W AU - Hartman, Fred C AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. Y1 - 2002/01/29/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 29 SP - 1390 EP - 1397 VL - 41 IS - 4 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - DNA Primers KW - 0 KW - Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase KW - EC 4.1.1.39 KW - Lysine KW - K3Z4F929H6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Base Sequence KW - Isoelectric Focusing KW - Binding Sites KW - Alkylation KW - Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase -- genetics KW - Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase -- chemistry KW - Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase -- metabolism KW - Lysine -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71403391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Multifaceted+roles+of+Lys166+of+ribulose-bisphosphate+carboxylase%2Foxygenase+as+discerned+by+product+analysis+and+chemical+rescue+of+site-directed+mutants.&rft.au=Harpel%2C+Mark+R%3BLarimer%2C+Frank+W%3BHartman%2C+Fred+C&rft.aulast=Harpel&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2002-01-29&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1390&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-13 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional annotation of mammalian genomic DNA sequence by chemical mutagenesis: a fine-structure genetic mutation map of a 1- to 2-cM segment of mouse chromosome 7 corresponding to human chromosome 11p14-p15. AN - 71416203; 11792855 AB - Eleven independent, recessive, N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mutations that map to a approximately 1- to 2-cM region of mouse chromosome (Chr) 7 homologous to human Chr 11p14-p15 were recovered from a screen of 1,218 gametes. These mutations were initially identified in a hemizygous state opposite a large p-locus deletion and subsequently were mapped to finer genomic intervals by crosses to a panel of smaller p deletions. The 11 mutations also were classified into seven complementation groups by pairwise crosses. Four complementation groups were defined by seven prenatally lethal mutations, including a group (l7R3) comprised of two alleles of obvious differing severity. Two allelic mutations (at the psrt locus) result in a severe seizure and runting syndrome, but one mutation (at the fit2 locus) results in a more benign runting phenotype. This experiment has added seven loci, defined by phenotypes of presumed point mutations, to the genetic map of a small (1-2 cM) region of mouse Chr 7 and will facilitate the task of functional annotation of DNA sequence and transcription maps both in the mouse and the corresponding human 11p14-p15 homology region. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Rinchik, Eugene M AU - Carpenter, Donald A AU - Johnson, Dabney K AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8077, USA. rinchikem@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/01/22/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 22 SP - 844 EP - 849 VL - 99 IS - 2 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Ethylnitrosourea KW - P8M1T4190R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - DNA Mutational Analysis KW - Humans KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Mice KW - Mutagenesis KW - Gene Deletion KW - Phenotype KW - Mice, Mutant Strains KW - Ethylnitrosourea -- toxicity KW - Genetic Complementation Test KW - Crosses, Genetic KW - Species Specificity KW - Genes, Lethal KW - Female KW - Genes, Recessive KW - Male KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 -- genetics KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Chromosome Mapping UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71416203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Functional+annotation+of+mammalian+genomic+DNA+sequence+by+chemical+mutagenesis%3A+a+fine-structure+genetic+mutation+map+of+a+1-+to+2-cM+segment+of+mouse+chromosome+7+corresponding+to+human+chromosome+11p14-p15.&rft.au=Rinchik%2C+Eugene+M%3BCarpenter%2C+Donald+A%3BJohnson%2C+Dabney+K&rft.aulast=Rinchik&rft.aufirst=Eugene&rft.date=2002-01-22&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=844&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-29 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Genetics. 1993 Dec;135(4):1117-23 [8307327] Hum Mol Genet. 1999;8(10):1955-63 [10469849] Mamm Genome. 1995 Jul;6(7):474-5 [7579891] Nature. 1995 Dec 14;378(6558):720-4 [7501018] Genetics. 1995 Dec;141(4):1547-62 [8601493] Genetics. 1995 Dec;141(4):1563-71 [8601494] Nature. 1996 Sep 19;383(6597):250-3 [8805699] Nat Genet. 1997 Mar;15(3):285-8 [9054943] Mamm Genome. 1997 Feb;8(2):143-5 [9060416] Genetics. 1997 Feb;145(2):435-43 [9071596] Blood. 1997 Sep 1;90(5):1850-7 [9292517] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Feb 3;95(3):1114-9 [9448294] Methods. 1997 Dec;13(4):409-21 [9480785] Methods. 1997 Dec;13(4):423-36 [9480786] Mamm Genome. 1998 Apr;9(4):269-73 [9530621] Genetics. 1998 Apr;148(4):1951-61 [9560408] Genetics. 1998 Apr;148(4):1963-72 [9560409] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Jun 23;95(13):7485-90 [9636176] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Aug 4;95(16):9436-41 [9689098] Genetics. 1998 Nov;150(3):1155-68 [9799267] Development. 1999 Apr;126(8):1601-9 [10079223] Genetics. 1999 May;152(1):373-83 [10224267] Nucleic Acids Res. 1999 Jun 1;27(11):2354-60 [10325425] Trends Genet. 2000 Mar;16(3):99-102 [10689347] Mamm Genome. 2000 Jul;11(7):489-99 [10886011] Genome Res. 2000 Jul;10(7):1043-50 [10899153] Nat Genet. 2000 Aug;25(4):440-3 [10932191] Nat Genet. 2000 Aug;25(4):444-7 [10932192] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Jan 16;98(2):641-5 [11209059] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Nov;76(11):5818-9 [293686] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 May;78(5):3138-41 [6942421] Genet Res. 1986 Apr;47(2):135-42 [3710160] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(1):180-4 [3422415] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Feb;87(3):896-900 [2300582] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 1;89(15):6968-72 [1495987] Nature. 1993 Jan 7;361(6407):72-6 [8421497] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Mar 1;90(5):2050-4 [8095339] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jun 1;90(11):5105-9 [8389469] Mamm Genome. 1993;4(7):349-53 [8358168] Genetics. 1993 Aug;134(4):1205-10 [8375656] Genes Dev. 1993 Dec;7(12A):2285-97 [8253377] Genes Dev. 1993 Dec;7(12A):2298-307 [8253378] Genomics. 1999 May 1;57(3):333-41 [10328999] Mamm Genome. 1999 Sep;10(9):870-8 [10441737] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jul 3;92(14):6394-8 [7604002] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation quotients of aluminum sulfate complexes in NaCF3SO3 media at 10, 25, and 50 degrees C from potentiometric titrations using a mercury/mercurous sulfate electrode concentration cell. AN - 71431225; 11827050 AB - Mercury/mercurous sulfate electrode concentration cells (with liquid junction) are employed in this study to determine the formation constants of aluminum sulfate complexes, with the principal advantage that the change in the free sulfate concentration is measured directly without the need to know the standard potential of the electrode. Potentiometric titrations were conducted at temperatures of 10, 25, and 50 degrees C and ionic strengths of approximately 0.3, 0.5, and 1.0 molal in aqueous solutions of the inert 1:1 electrolyte sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate (NaTr). Stoichiometric molal formation quotients Q1 and Q2, respectively, for the reactions Al3+(aq) + SO4(2-)(aq) AlSO4+(aq) and Al3+(aq) + 2SO4(2-)(aq) <= >Al(SO4)2-(aq) were determined. The values of log Q1 obtained from this work in NaTr media at ionic strengths of 0.3 and 1.0 mol x kg(-1) and 50 degrees C (1.72 +/- 0.08 and 1.35 +/- 0.06, respectively) are in excellent agreement with the values (1.71 +/- 0.2 and 1.32 +/- 0.1) determined in NaCl media from the recent potentiometric study conducted in the same laboratory using a hydrogen electrode concentration cell by Ridley et al. (Ridley, M. K.; Wesolowski, D. J.; Palmer, D. A.; Kettler, R. M. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1999, 62, 459-472). The value of log Q2 (2.05 +/- 0.05) in 1.0 mol x kg(-1) from this work is smaller than the value reported by Ridley et al. (2.6 +/- 0.5) but within the combined experimental error. Empirical isothermal equations are presented to permit calculation of the equilibrium quotients as a function of ionic strength (0-1 mol x kg(-1)), giving log K1 and log K2 values at 25 degrees C and infinite dilution of 3.84 +/- 0.12 and 5.58 + 0.09, respectively. The value for log K1 obtained in this study at 25 degrees C is bracketed within experimental uncertainty by values reported by Kryzhanovskii et al. (Kryzhanovskii, M. M.; Volokhov, Y. A.; Pavlov, L. N.; Eremin, N. I.; Mironov, V. E Zh. Prikl. Khim. 1971, 44,476-479) and Nishide and Tsuchiya (Nishide, T.; Tsuchiya, R. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1965, 38, 1398-1400), namely, 3.89 and 3.73, respectively. All other literature values for the first aluminum sulfate association constant are considerably lower than these results, which is also true for the second association constant, although there are few experimental data available for the latter. Empirical equations are also presented for calculating values of log Q1 and log Q2 from 0 to 1 molal ionic strength and from 10 to 125 degrees C, spanning the range of most environmental conditions at which these reactions are important. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Xiao, Caibin AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Palmer, Donald A AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-6110, USA. Y1 - 2002/01/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 15 SP - 166 EP - 173 VL - 36 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Alum Compounds KW - 0 KW - Sulfates KW - aluminum sulfate KW - 34S289N54E KW - Index Medicus KW - Titrimetry KW - Electrodes KW - Temperature KW - Alum Compounds -- chemistry KW - Sulfates -- analysis KW - Sulfates -- chemistry KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Alum Compounds -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71431225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Formation+quotients+of+aluminum+sulfate+complexes+in+NaCF3SO3+media+at+10%2C+25%2C+and+50+degrees+C+from+potentiometric+titrations+using+a+mercury%2Fmercurous+sulfate+electrode+concentration+cell.&rft.au=Xiao%2C+Caibin%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A&rft.aulast=Xiao&rft.aufirst=Caibin&rft.date=2002-01-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-08 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trends in Dissolved Gaseous Mercury in the Tahquamenon River Watershed and Nearshore Waters of Whitefish Bay in the Michigan Upper Peninsula AN - 759320869; 13726792 AB - A field study was conducted in June of 1998 to characterize the dynamics of dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) in the TahquamenonRiver watershed and nearshore waters of Whitefish Bay in the Upper Michigan Peninsula. We found that over a transect acrossthe watershed, DGM levels increased generally from a creek (mean = 12 pg L super(-1)), passing through the watershed, to the nearshore surface waters of the bay (mean = 29 pg L super(-1)). DGM levels in nearshore surface waters of the bayranged from 15 to 50 pg L super(-1) and peaked generally around noontime, exhibiting diurnal trends. A significant DGM decline from 32 pg L super(-1) in the early morning to 15 pg L super(-1) during the day was observed in these surface waters following passage of a coldfront, probably caused by wind-induced mixing and decrease insolar radiation associated with the frontal passage. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Zhang, Hong AU - Lindberg, Steve E AD - Environmental Sciences Division (ESD), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6038, U.S.A., 2hz@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 381 EP - 391 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 133 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Surface water KW - Surface Water KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Mixing KW - Streams KW - Radiation KW - Whitefish KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Mercury in the atmosphere KW - Rivers KW - Diurnal variations KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Soil contamination KW - Creek KW - Water pollution KW - Soil pollution KW - Air pollution KW - Coastal oceanography KW - Mercury KW - M2 551.463/.464:Seawater Properties (551.463/.464) KW - Q2 09184:Composition of water KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - X 24360:Metals KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759320869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Trends+in+Dissolved+Gaseous+Mercury+in+the+Tahquamenon+River+Watershed+and+Nearshore+Waters+of+Whitefish+Bay+in+the+Michigan+Upper+Peninsula&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Hong%3BLindberg%2C+Steve+E&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Hong&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1012919030291 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Air pollution; Estuaries; Brackishwater environment; Mercury; Creek; Watersheds; Water pollution; Soil pollution; Radiation; Surface water; Mercury in the atmosphere; Atmospheric pollution; Coastal oceanography; Diurnal variations; Soil contamination; Whitefish; Surface Water; Streams; Mixing; Brackish; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012919030291 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of solvent concentration on the use of palladized-iron for the step-wise dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls in soil extracts. AN - 71642980; 11952181 AB - This report describes the application of palladized iron (Pd/Fe) to the dechlorination of polychlorinted biphenyls (PCBs) at ambient temperature. Experiments supported by congener-specific analyses demonstrated that dechlorination occurs in a step-wise fashion with the meta-chlorines being more reactive than ortho-chlorines. Over the course of the laboratory experiments, complete conversion to biphenyl was observed. The process was also tested with PCBs dissolved in high (40-60%) concentrations of ethanol and isopropanol as a means of simulating solutions generated by commercial soil and solid waste extraction processes. The reaction rate was sensitive to the percentage of solvent but complete dechlorination was still indicated. Tests with soil extracts from a contaminated site demonstrated that there were no apparent interferences from asphalt and other miscellaneous debris. Short-duration tests with highly contaminated PCB solutions from a hazardous waste site demonstrated efficient dechlorination although there was a reduction in reaction rate with time. JF - Waste management (New York, N.Y.) AU - Korte, N E AU - West, O R AU - Liang, L AU - Gu, B AU - Zutman, J L AU - Fernando, Q AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831, USA. mkorte1@msn.com Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 343 EP - 349 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0956-053X, 0956-053X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Solvents KW - Palladium KW - 5TWQ1V240M KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Palladium -- chemistry KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Iron -- chemistry KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71642980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+solvent+concentration+on+the+use+of+palladized-iron+for+the+step-wise+dechlorination+of+polychlorinated+biphenyls+in+soil+extracts.&rft.au=Korte%2C+N+E%3BWest%2C+O+R%3BLiang%2C+L%3BGu%2C+B%3BZutman%2C+J+L%3BFernando%2C+Q&rft.aulast=Korte&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=343&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-17 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of extracellular enzyme activities during manure composting. AN - 71623331; 11966919 AB - AIMSThe objectives of this work were to determine the extracellular enzyme profiles during composting, relate the activities of these enzymes to the changes in microbial population and compare the enzyme profiles between two manures.METHODS AND RESULTSAPI ZYM assay was used to monitor the activities of 19 extracellular enzymes during poultry and pig manure composting. Results showed an overall increase in diversity and relative abundance of enzymes present. The relative abundance and activities of enzymes were higher in poultry manure than in pig manure. Among the 19 enzymes tested, esterase, valine amino-peptidase and alpha-galactosidase were the most abundant enzymes in poultry manure, whereas it was N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase for the pig manure. A number of these enzymes correlated with change in numbers of different microbial groups during composting.CONCLUSIONSThe composting process represented a combined activity of a wide succession of environments, as one enzyme/microbial group overlapped the other and each emerged gradually due to the continual change in temperature and progressive breakdown of complex compounds to simpler ones.SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDYThe results presented here show the applicability of the API ZYM test not only in monitoring the quantitative and qualitative fluctuation of the available substrate during composting, but also in revealing differences in composts and compost maturity. JF - Journal of applied microbiology AU - Tiquia, S M AD - Microbial Genomics and Ecology Group, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831, USA. tiquias@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 764 EP - 775 VL - 92 IS - 4 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - Enzymes KW - 0 KW - Manure KW - Index Medicus KW - Swine KW - Animals KW - Poultry KW - Actinomycetales -- enzymology KW - Wood KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Fungi -- enzymology KW - Bacteria -- enzymology KW - Refuse Disposal -- methods KW - Enzymes -- metabolism KW - Manure -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71623331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+microbiology&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+extracellular+enzyme+activities+during+manure+composting.&rft.au=Tiquia%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Tiquia&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-06-27 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the emulsion characteristics of Rhodococcus erythropolis and Escherichia coli SOXC-5 cells expressing biodesulfurization genes. AN - 71469976; 11822905 AB - Biodesulfurization of fuel oils is a two-phase (oil/water) process which may offer an interesting alternative to conventional hydrodesulfurization due to the mild operating conditions and reaction specificity afforded by the biocatalyst. For biodesulfurization to realize commercial success, a variety of process considerations must be addressed including reaction rate, emulsion formation and breakage, biocatalyst recovery, and both gas and liquid mass transport. This study evaluates emulsion formation and breakage using two biocatalysts with differing hydrophobic characteristics. A Gram-positive (Rhodococcus erythropolis) biocatalyst, expressing the complete 4S desulfurization pathway, and a Gram-negative biocatalyst (Escherichia coli), expressing only the gene for conversion of dibenzothiophene (DBT) to DBT sulfone, are compared relative to their ability to convert DBT and the ease of phase separation as well as biocatalyst recovery following desulfurization. JF - Biotechnology progress AU - Borole, Abhijeet P AU - Kaufman, Eric N AU - Grossman, Matthew J AU - Minak-Bernero, Vera AU - Bare, Richard AU - Lee, M Kathryn AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4505, MS 6226, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6226, USA. borolea@ornl.gov PY - 2002 SP - 88 EP - 93 VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 8756-7938, 8756-7938 KW - Emulsions KW - 0 KW - Petroleum KW - Thiophenes KW - Sulfur KW - 70FD1KFU70 KW - dibenzothiophene KW - Z3D4AJ1R48 KW - Index Medicus KW - Petroleum -- toxicity KW - Petroleum -- metabolism KW - Surface Tension KW - Particle Size KW - Kinetics KW - Bioreactors KW - Thiophenes -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Petroleum -- microbiology KW - Catalysis KW - Rhodococcus -- metabolism KW - Emulsions -- metabolism KW - Sulfur -- metabolism KW - Escherichia coli -- metabolism KW - Rhodococcus -- growth & development KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Rhodococcus -- genetics KW - Escherichia coli -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71469976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+progress&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+emulsion+characteristics+of+Rhodococcus+erythropolis+and+Escherichia+coli+SOXC-5+cells+expressing+biodesulfurization+genes.&rft.au=Borole%2C+Abhijeet+P%3BKaufman%2C+Eric+N%3BGrossman%2C+Matthew+J%3BMinak-Bernero%2C+Vera%3BBare%2C+Richard%3BLee%2C+M+Kathryn&rft.aulast=Borole&rft.aufirst=Abhijeet&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+progress&rft.issn=87567938&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-27 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in soil quality and below-ground carbon storage with conversion of traditional agricultural crop lands to bioenergy crop production. AN - 71444410; 11833923 AB - Berm-isolated (0.5 ha) plots have been used since 1995 to quantify changes in soil and water quality with conversion from agricultural to bioenergy crops. Soil quality improvements, including increases in soil carbon storage, have occurred on sites planted to woody or herbaceous species, and no-till corn compared with tilled corn or cotton. Initial increases in soil carbon occurred within the upper 10 cm of the soil profile. Soil carbon on plantings of switchgrass, no-till corn, and sweetgum with a cover crop between the rows increased over the first 3 years. Soil carbon decreased by 6% on the sweetgum plantings without a cover crop and remained lower through the fifth growing season. Overall, the greatest increases in below ground carbon storage have occurred primarily within the upper 40 cm. Former land use, growth characteristics, management practices, and soil characteristics appear to be the primary factors determining the timing, depth. and extent of changes in soil carbon storage for bioenergy and no-till crops. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Tolber, V R AU - Todd, D E AU - Mann, L K AU - Jawdy, C M AU - Mays, D A AU - Malik, R AU - Bandaranayake, W AU - Houston, A AU - Tyler, D AU - Pettry, D E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6422, USA. tolbertvr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - S97 EP - 106 VL - 116 Suppl 1 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Soil KW - 0 KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Plants, Edible KW - Water Supply KW - Energy-Generating Resources KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Agriculture KW - Carbon -- analysis KW - Conservation of Natural Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71444410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Changes+in+soil+quality+and+below-ground+carbon+storage+with+conversion+of+traditional+agricultural+crop+lands+to+bioenergy+crop+production.&rft.au=Tolber%2C+V+R%3BTodd%2C+D+E%3BMann%2C+L+K%3BJawdy%2C+C+M%3BMays%2C+D+A%3BMalik%2C+R%3BBandaranayake%2C+W%3BHouston%2C+A%3BTyler%2C+D%3BPettry%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Tolber&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=116+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-08 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Issues Concerning the Decontamination of Women and Children in Disasters: Findings from a Study on How Clean Is Safe T2 - International Sociological Association AN - 61773544; 2004S02232 AB - Decontamination of responders as well as civilians affected by a chemical or biological release is an accepted protective action employed by emergency and medical personnel during or after an event. Decontamination procedures and protocols in the United States, however, are generally based on military models that assume a disciplined, largely male contingent of recipients. Our survey of recent events in the United States where decontamination of people and buildings occurred indicates that existing protocols ignore the impacts on women's and children's mental and physical health. Our findings indicate that the lack of attention to gender issues exacerbates the trauma of the experience and places women and children in unreasonable situations. Discussion of how those issues could be resolved is included in the recommendations of the study. JF - International Sociological Association AU - Vogt, Barbara AU - Sorensen, John Y1 - 2002///0, PY - 2002 DA - 0, 2002 KW - Disaster Relief KW - Public Health KW - Disaster Preparedness KW - Females KW - Children KW - proceeding KW - 2681: environmental interactions; disaster studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61773544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=International+Sociological+Association&rft.atitle=Issues+Concerning+the+Decontamination+of+Women+and+Children+in+Disasters%3A+Findings+from+a+Study+on+How+Clean+Is+Safe&rft.au=Vogt%2C+Barbara%3BSorensen%2C+John&rft.aulast=Vogt&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Sociological+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-10 N1 - Publication note - 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Framework for Analyzing Dialogues over the Acceptability of Controversial Technologies AN - 60537035; 200304942 AB - This article asks under what circumstances controversial technologies would be considered seriously for remediation instead of being rejected out of hand. To address this question, the authors developed a conceptual framework called public acceptability of controversial technologies (PACT). PACT considers site-specific, decision-oriented dialogues among the individuals & groups involved in selecting or recommending hazardous waste remediation technologies. It distinguishes technology acceptability; that is, a willingness to consider seriously, for technology acceptance, the decision to deploy. The framework integrates four dimensions: (1) an acceptability of continuum that underlies decision-oriented dialogues among individuals & constituency groups, (2) the attributes of these individuals & groups, (3) the attributes of the technology at issue, & (42 the community context -- social, institutional, & physical. This article describes & explores PACT as a tool for understanding & better predicting the acceptability of controversial technologies. 1 Figure, 78 References. [Copyright 2002 Sage Publications, Inc.] JF - Science, Technology, and Human Values AU - Wolfe, Amy K AU - Bjornstad, David J AU - Russell, Milton AU - Kerchner, Nichole D AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 134 EP - 159 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0162-2439, 0162-2439 KW - Hazards KW - Policy Making KW - Technological Innovations KW - Discussion KW - Wastes KW - Environmental Policy KW - Disputes KW - Adoption of Innovations KW - article KW - 9221: politics and society; politics and society UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60537035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science%2C+Technology%2C+and+Human+Values&rft.atitle=A+Framework+for+Analyzing+Dialogues+over+the+Acceptability+of+Controversial+Technologies&rft.au=Wolfe%2C+Amy+K%3BBjornstad%2C+David+J%3BRussell%2C+Milton%3BKerchner%2C+Nichole+D&rft.aulast=Wolfe&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science%2C+Technology%2C+and+Human+Values&rft.issn=01622439&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - STHVDQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Technological Innovations; Disputes; Discussion; Adoption of Innovations; Wastes; Hazards; Environmental Policy; Policy Making ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of precipitation events on colloids in a karst aquifer AN - 52146047; 2002-011206 AB - The effects of precipitation events on colloid mobilization were evaluated during several storms from six wells in a karstic aquifer at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant in eastern Tennessee (USA). Turbidity increases and rapidly recedes following rain events. Although the magnitude of the turbidity increases are relatively small (19 mm), the increased turbidity is associated with increases in pH, total organic carbon (TOC) and temperature, and with decreases in dissolved oxygen (DO). These larger storms result in flushing of a greater proportion of higher pH, TOC (and lower DO) soil or matrix waters into the fractures and conduits than occurs during smaller storms. Smaller storms also result in increases in turbidity, but show increases in DO and decreases in pH reflecting less influence on the water chemistry from the longer residence time epikarst or and matrix waters, and greater impact from the more dilute, newly recharged waters. Due to the complexity of karst flow and temporal variations in flow and chemistry, controls on turbidity are not consistent through time and space at the wells. During smaller storms, recharge by lower ionic strength waters may promote colloid release and thus contribute to observed increases in turbidity. During larger storms, elevated turbidity may be more related to pH increases resulting from greater influx of matrix and soil waters into fractures and conduits. Chemical factors alone cannot account for the changes in turbidity observed during the various storms. Because of the complicated nature of flow and particle transport in karst aquifers, the presence of colloids during precipitation events is dictated by a complex interplay of chemical reactions and the effects of physical perturbations due to increased flow through the conduits and fractures. Simple trends in water quality parameters could not be identified, and broad generalizations cannot easily be made in karst settings, and some of the expected correlations between chemical parameters during the storms were not observed in this work. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Shevenell, Lisa AU - McCarthy, John F Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 50 EP - 68 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 255 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - karst hydrology KW - Appalachians KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - ground water KW - Bear Creek valley KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - levels KW - Tennessee KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - storms KW - mobility KW - geochemistry KW - Valley and Ridge Province KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - North America KW - colloidal materials KW - monitoring KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - turbidity KW - carbonate rocks KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52146047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+precipitation+events+on+colloids+in+a+karst+aquifer&rft.au=Shevenell%2C+Lisa%3BMcCarthy%2C+John+F&rft.aulast=Shevenell&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=255&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anderson County Tennessee; Appalachians; aquifers; atmospheric precipitation; Bear Creek valley; carbonate rocks; colloidal materials; fractured materials; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; karst hydrology; levels; mobility; monitoring; North America; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; sedimentary rocks; storms; Tennessee; turbidity; United States; Valley and Ridge Province; water wells; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An advanced airborne magnetic system for high-resolution mapping AN - 52005115; 2003-028626 AB - An eight-sensor boom-mounted airborne magnetometer system has been developed for mapping unexploded ordnance. The system is appropriate for high-resolution mapping of cultural and geologic features in environmental surveys as well as mining and petroleum applications. Data from a meander in the White River on the Badlands Bombing Range demonstrate the sensitivity of the system, and the benefits of the ORAGS system over systems that operate at higher altitudes. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Doll, William E AU - Beard, L AU - Gamey, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 818 EP - 821 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 72 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - United States KW - high-resolution methods KW - geophysical surveys KW - geophysical methods KW - magnetic methods KW - mapping KW - ORAGS KW - Badlands National Park KW - magnetometers KW - case studies KW - Badlands Bombing Range KW - White River KW - surveys KW - Oak Ridge Airborne Geophysical System KW - instruments KW - South Dakota KW - helicopter methods KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52005115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=An+advanced+airborne+magnetic+system+for+high-resolution+mapping&rft.au=Doll%2C+William+E%3BBeard%2C+L%3BGamey%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Doll&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=&rft.spage=818&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 72nd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; Badlands Bombing Range; Badlands National Park; case studies; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; helicopter methods; high-resolution methods; instruments; magnetic methods; magnetometers; mapping; Oak Ridge Airborne Geophysical System; ORAGS; South Dakota; surveys; United States; White River ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A pseudo-adaptive hum filter to suppress rotor noise in high-resolution airborne magnetic data AN - 52003450; 2003-028782 AB - A unique filtering approach designed to eliminate helicopter rotor noise on aeromagnetic data without affecting the frequency content of signal provides a powerful harmonic noise suppression tool for data acquired with modern large dynamic range recording systems. This three-step approach-polynomial fitting, bandpass filtering, and rotor noise synthesis-significantly reduces the rotor noise and does not alter the spectra of signals. The approach to modeling the rotor noise is stable and efficient. Real data examples demonstrate this method can suppress rotor noise by more than 90% when implemented in an aeromagnetic data processing flow. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Xia, Jianghai AU - Doll, William E AU - Miller, Richard D AU - Gamey, T Jeffrey AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 1432 EP - 1435 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 72 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - high-resolution methods KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - magnetic methods KW - algorithms KW - filters KW - signals KW - noise KW - helicopter methods KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=A+pseudo-adaptive+hum+filter+to+suppress+rotor+noise+in+high-resolution+airborne+magnetic+data&rft.au=Xia%2C+Jianghai%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BMiller%2C+Richard+D%3BGamey%2C+T+Jeffrey%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Xia&rft.aufirst=Jianghai&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1432&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 72nd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; algorithms; data processing; filters; geophysical methods; helicopter methods; high-resolution methods; magnetic methods; noise; signals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigations into the origin of magnetic soils on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Oak Ridge, TN AN - 51997096; 2003-030558 AB - In 1993-4, researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory collected high-resolution airborne geophysical data on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee (Doll et al., 2000). The data were collected in part to address concerns about possible undocumented hazardous waste sites. Interpretation of the aeromagnetic data was complicated, however, by the discovery of numerous small magnetic anomalies of natural origin. Magnetic susceptibility measurements made on core showed that the underlying Copper Ridge Dolomite is non-magnetic. Apparently, the magnetic anomalies were created by colluvial infilling of dolines with soil rich in maghemite. We discuss explanations offered in the literature for the formation of magnetic soils, and present evidence based on soil analysis, thin sections, x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy, that in this case maghemite formed either by anaerobic microbial iron reduction followed by the formation of single-domain maghemite, or by abiological weathering and reduction of an iron-bearing mineral followed by oxidation. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Rivers, John M AU - Nyquist, Jonathan E AU - Terry, Dennis O, Jr AU - Doll, William E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 1606 EP - 1609 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 72 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - experimental studies KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - clastic sediments KW - magnetic anomalies KW - Oak Ridge Tennessee KW - cores KW - radioactive waste KW - magnetic properties KW - magnetic minerals KW - magnetic susceptibility KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - residuum KW - oxides KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - alluvium KW - waste disposal KW - maghemite KW - SEM data KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51997096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Investigations+into+the+origin+of+magnetic+soils+on+the+Oak+Ridge+Reservation%2C+Oak+Ridge%2C+TN&rft.au=Rivers%2C+John+M%3BNyquist%2C+Jonathan+E%3BTerry%2C+Dennis+O%2C+Jr%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rivers&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1606&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 72nd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium; Anderson County Tennessee; clastic sediments; cores; experimental studies; maghemite; magnetic anomalies; magnetic minerals; magnetic properties; magnetic susceptibility; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Tennessee; oxides; radioactive waste; residuum; sediments; SEM data; soils; Tennessee; United States; waste disposal; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis, structure, and properties of monazite, pretulite, and xenotime AN - 51981041; 2003-043374 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Boatner, Lynn A A2 - Kohn, Matthew J. A2 - Rakovan, John A2 - Hughes, John M. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 87 EP - 121 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 48 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - pretulite KW - xenotime KW - metals KW - physicochemical properties KW - monazite KW - crystal structure KW - rare earths KW - phosphates KW - synthesis KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51981041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Synthesis%2C+structure%2C+and+properties+of+monazite%2C+pretulite%2C+and+xenotime&rft.au=Boatner%2C+Lynn+A&rft.aulast=Boatner&rft.aufirst=Lynn&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=093995060X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal structure; metals; monazite; phosphates; physicochemical properties; pretulite; rare earths; synthesis; xenotime ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dendroecological applications in air pollution and environmental chemistry; research needs AN - 51925908; 2003-077742 JF - Dendrochronologia (Verona) AU - McLaughlin, Samuel B AU - Shortle, Walter C AU - Smith, Kevin T Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 133 EP - 157 PB - Urban & Fischer Verlag GmbH, Jena VL - 20 IS - 1-2 SN - 1125-7865, 1125-7865 KW - relative age KW - wood KW - global change KW - Holocene KW - environmental effects KW - paleoecology KW - Cenozoic KW - ozone KW - geochronology KW - dates KW - applications KW - chemical composition KW - Quaternary KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - current research KW - indicators KW - signals KW - case studies KW - factors KW - tree rings KW - trees KW - acidification KW - air KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51925908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dendrochronologia+%28Verona%29&rft.atitle=Dendroecological+applications+in+air+pollution+and+environmental+chemistry%3B+research+needs&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+Samuel+B%3BShortle%2C+Walter+C%3BSmith%2C+Kevin+T&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Dendrochronologia+%28Verona%29&rft.issn=11257865&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.elsevier.de/dendro LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 108 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; air; applications; case studies; Cenozoic; chemical composition; current research; dates; environmental effects; factors; geochronology; global change; Holocene; indicators; ozone; paleoecology; pollution; Quaternary; relative age; signals; statistical analysis; tree rings; trees; wood ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Biogeochemical, mineralogical, and hydrological characteristics of an iron reactive barrier used for treatment of uranium and nitrate AN - 51844214; 2004-040527 JF - Handbook of groundwater remediation using permeable reactive barriers; applications to radionuclides, trace metals, and nutrients AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Watson, David AU - Phillips, Debra H AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Naftz, David L AU - Morrison, Stan J AU - Fuller, Christopher C AU - Davis, James A Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 PB - Academic Press, Amsterdam SN - 0125135637 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - iron KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - Tennessee KW - chemical properties KW - water pollution KW - heavy metals KW - disposal barriers KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - concentration KW - trenching KW - drainage KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - reactive barriers KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51844214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BWatson%2C+David%3BPhillips%2C+Debra+H%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BNaftz%2C+David+L%3BMorrison%2C+Stan+J%3BFuller%2C+Christopher+C%3BDavis%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0125135637&rft.btitle=Biogeochemical%2C+mineralogical%2C+and+hydrological+characteristics+of+an+iron+reactive+barrier+used+for+treatment+of+uranium+and+nitrate&rft.title=Biogeochemical%2C+mineralogical%2C+and+hydrological+characteristics+of+an+iron+reactive+barrier+used+for+treatment+of+uranium+and+nitrate&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radionuclide-contaminated soils; a mineralogical perspective for their remediation AN - 51313166; 2008-002743 JF - Soil Science Society of America Book Series AU - Elless, Mark P AU - Lee, S Y AU - Dixon, Joe B AU - Schulze, Darrell G Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 737 EP - 763 PB - Soil Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 7 SN - 1047-4986, 1047-4986 KW - United States KW - technology KW - density KW - cobalt KW - isotopes KW - plutonium KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - partitioning KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - transport KW - Hamilton County Ohio KW - mobility KW - pH KW - Ohio KW - soils KW - Fernald Ohio KW - technetium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - alkali metals KW - uranyl ion KW - solubility KW - metals KW - potassium KW - thorium KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - 25:Soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51313166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Book+Series&rft.atitle=Radionuclide-contaminated+soils%3B+a+mineralogical+perspective+for+their+remediation&rft.au=Elless%2C+Mark+P%3BLee%2C+S+Y%3BDixon%2C+Joe+B%3BSchulze%2C+Darrell+G&rft.aulast=Elless&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=737&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Book+Series&rft.issn=10474986&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 74 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; cesium; cobalt; density; Fernald Ohio; ground water; Hamilton County Ohio; isotopes; metals; mobility; Ohio; partitioning; pH; plutonium; potassium; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; remediation; soils; solubility; strontium; technetium; technology; thorium; transport; United States; uranium; uranyl ion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The aqueous geochemistry of the rare earth elements and yttrium; Part XI, The solubility of Nd(OH) (sub 3) and hydrolysis of Nd (super 3+) from 30 to 290 degrees C at saturated water vapor pressure with in-situ pH (sub m) measurement AN - 51167580; 2002-072472 AB - The solubility of well-characterized, crystalline Nd(OH) (sub 3) (cr) was determined in non-complexing, 0.03-1.0 mol kg (super -1) sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate (sodium triflate, NaTr) solutions from 30 degrees to 290 degrees C at saturated water vapor pressure (SWVP) over a range of pH (sub m) (pH (sub m) is the negative logarithm of the molal hydrogen-ion concentration). The pH (sub m) was measured in situ during the solubility experiments using a hydrogen-electrode concentration cell (50 degrees -290 degrees C) or a combination glass-electrode (30 degrees C). From 30 degrees to 200 degrees C the predominant dissolved Nd species over a wide range of pH (sub m) was found to be the aquo ion, Nd (super 3+) . Over the pH (sub m) range where Nd (super 3+) predominates, the solubility of Nd(OH) (sub 3) (cr) decreased strongly with increasing temperature. Stoichiometric molal equilibrium quotients (Q (sub s0) ) for the reaction: Nd(OH) (sub 3) (cr)+3H (super +) Nd (super 3+) +3H (sub 2) O, were computed for 0.03, 0.1 and 1.0 mol kg (super -1) sodium triflate. The following equation adequately describes the measured equilibrium quotients as a function of temperature and ionic strength: log Q (sub s0) = -6.662+7300.0/T + I(-91.51/T-7.182.10 (super -6) T (super 2) ) - 6f (super gamma ) /ln(10) - 3log a (sub w) , where T is the temperature in Kelvin, I is the ionic strength in mol kg (super -1) , a (sub w) is the activity of water and f (super gamma ) is a Debye-Huckel term given by f (super gamma ) = A (sub phi ) [x/(1+1.2x) + (2/1.2)ln(1+1.2x)] and x = I (super 1/2) . From these equations we calculate log K (sub s0) = 17.9+ or -0.3 at 25 degrees C, which compares well with a value recently derived from a critical evaluation of the pre-existing literature. We also obtain a value of Delta H (sub f) (super o) (Nd(OH) (sub 3) (cr)) = -1414+ or -5 kJ mol (super -1) at 25 degrees C and 1 bar which is in good agreement with calorimetrically-derived values reported in the literature. Our data also suggest that, at low temperature (30 degrees to 100 degrees C), hydrolysis proceeds from Nd (super 3+) to Nd(OH) (sub 3) (super 0) over a very narrow pH (sub m) range, and intermediate species are relatively unimportant. However, at 250 degrees and 290 degrees C, the Nd(OH) (super 2+) and Nd(OH) (sub 2) (super +) species are significant, with the relative importance of these two species being sensitive to the ionic strength. We were able to extract stoichiometric molal equilibrium quotients at 250 and 290 degrees C for the reactions: Nd (super 3+) + H (sub 2) O(1) Nd(OH) (super 2+) +H (super +) , Nd (super 3+) + 2H (sub 2) O(1) Nd(OH) (sub 2) (super +) +2H (super +) . Extrapolation of these equilibrium quotients to zero ionic strength using the Debye-Huckel equation indicates that recent theoretical predictions of the first hydrolysis constant at 250 degrees and 290 degrees C overestimate the degree of hydrolysis by several orders of magnitude. The solubility minimum, i.e., the region of the solubility curve where Nd(OH) (sub 3) (super 0) predominates in solution, decreases with temperature from 30 degrees to at least 100 degrees C, but increases again at 290 degrees C. Equilibrium constants for the reaction: Nd (super 3+) + 3H (sub 2) O(1) Nd(OH) (sub 3) (super 0) +3H (super +) were also obtained and found to be lower than recent theoretical predictions by increasing amounts as temperature increase (more than 3 orders of magnitude lower at 290 degrees C). JF - Special Publication - Geochemical Society AU - Wood, Scott A AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Benezeth, Pascale A2 - Hellmann, Roland Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 229 EP - 256 PB - Geochemical Society - University of Houston, Department of Chemistry, Houston, TX VL - 7 SN - 1073-2179, 1073-2179 KW - experimental studies KW - plutonium KW - physicochemical properties KW - hydrolysis KW - aqueous solutions KW - solubility KW - equilibrium KW - physical models KW - infrared spectra KW - hydroxides KW - FTIR spectra KW - enthalpy KW - metals KW - americium KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - rare earths KW - thermodynamic properties KW - neodymium KW - stoichiometry KW - actinides KW - yttrium KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51167580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Geochemical+Society&rft.atitle=The+aqueous+geochemistry+of+the+rare+earth+elements+and+yttrium%3B+Part+XI%2C+The+solubility+of+Nd%28OH%29+%28sub+3%29+and+hydrolysis+of+Nd+%28super+3%2B%29+from+30+to+290+degrees+C+at+saturated+water+vapor+pressure+with+in-situ+pH+%28sub+m%29+measurement&rft.au=Wood%2C+Scott+A%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BBenezeth%2C+Pascale&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=0941809064&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Geochemical+Society&rft.issn=10732179&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 79 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 11 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; americium; aqueous solutions; enthalpy; equilibrium; experimental studies; FTIR spectra; hydrolysis; hydroxides; infrared spectra; metals; neodymium; oxides; physical models; physicochemical properties; plutonium; rare earths; solubility; spectra; stoichiometry; thermodynamic properties; yttrium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiations in space: Risk estimates AN - 18627624; 5525364 AB - The complexity of radiation environments in space makes estimation of risks more difficult than for the protection of terrestrial populations. In deep space the duration of the mission, position in the solar cycle, number and size of solar particle events (SPE) and the spacecraft shielding are the major determinants of risk. In low-earth orbit missions there are the added factors of altitude and orbital inclination. Different radiation qualities such as protons and heavy ions and secondary radiations inside the spacecraft such as neutrons of various energies, have to be considered. Radiation dose rates in space are low except for short periods during very large SPEs. Risk estimation for space activities is based on the human experience of exposure to gamma rays and to a lesser extent X rays. The doses of protons, heavy ions and neutrons are adjusted to take into account the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of the different radiation types and thus derive equivalent doses. RBE values and factors to adjust for the effect of dose rate have to be obtained from experimental data. The influence of age and gender on the cancer risk is estimated from the data from atomic bomb survivors. Because of the large number of variables the uncertainities in the probability of the effects are large. Information needed to improve the risk estimates includes: (1) risk of cancer induction by protons, heavy ions and neutrons; (2) influence of dose rate and protraction, particularly on potential tissue effects such as reduced fertility and cataracts; and (3) possible effects of heavy ions on the central nervous system. Risk cannot be eliminated and thus there must be a consensus on what level of risk is acceptable. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Fry, RJM AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-8026, USA Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 475 EP - 477 VL - 100 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - cataracts KW - central nervous system KW - crew safety KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - R2 23020:Technological risks KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18627624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=Radiations+in+space%3A+Risk+estimates&rft.au=Fry%2C+RJM&rft.aulast=Fry&rft.aufirst=RJM&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transpiration of gaseous elemental mercury through vegetation in a subtropical wetland in Florida AN - 18622848; 5525598 AB - Four seasonal sampling campaigns were carried out in the Florida Everglades to measure elemental Hg vapor (Hg degree ) fluxes over emergent macrophytes using a modified Bowen ratio gradient approach. The predominant flux of Hg degree over both invasive cattail and native sawgrass stands was emission; mean day time fluxes over cattail ranged from similar to 20 (winter) to similar to 40 (summer) ng m super(-2)h super(-1). Sawgrass fluxes were about half those over cattail during comparable periods. Emission from vegetation significantly exceeded evasion of Hg degree from the underlying water surface ( similar to 1-2 ng m super(-2)h super(-1)) measured simultaneously using floating chambers. Among several environmental factors (e.g. CO sub(2) flux, water vapor flux, wind speed, water, air and leaf temperature, and solar radiation), water vapor exhibited the strongest correlation with Hg degree flux, and transpiration is suggested as an appropriate term to describe this phenomenon. The lack of significant Hg degree emissions from a live, but uprooted (floating) cattail stand suggests that a likely source of the transpired Hg degree is the underlying sediments. The pattern of Hg degree fluxes typically measured indicated a diel cycle with two peaks, possibly related to different gas exchange dynamics: one in early morning related to lacunal gas release, and a second at midday related to transpiration; nighttime fluxes approached zero. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Lindberg, SE AU - Dong, W AU - Meyers, T AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, sll@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 5207 EP - 5219 VL - 36 IS - 33 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - environmental factors KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Vapors KW - Mercury emission from wetlands KW - Mercury emission from trees KW - USA, Florida KW - Emissions KW - Mercury KW - Wetlands KW - Seasonal variations KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18622848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Transpiration+of+gaseous+elemental+mercury+through+vegetation+in+a+subtropical+wetland+in+Florida&rft.au=Lindberg%2C+SE%3BDong%2C+W%3BMeyers%2C+T&rft.aulast=Lindberg&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=33&rft.spage=5207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mercury emission from trees; Mercury emission from wetlands; Seasonal variations; Vapors; Emissions; Mercury; Wetlands; USA, Florida ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Actinium-225 Conjugates of MAb CC49 and Humanized Delta CH sub(2)CC49 AN - 18588962; 5418605 AB - Radioisotopes with moderate half-lives are essential for conventional radioimmunotherapy using tumor-selective MAbs which require days for localization. Actinium-225, with a half-life of 10 days and a yield of 4 alpha particles in its decay chain, may be an ideal choice for tumor-targeted radioimmunotherapy. Release of daughter radioisotopes from the primary chelator after the first decay has been a complication with the use of super(225)Ac. It has been reported that the domain-deleted product of MAb CC49, Hu- Delta CH sub(2) CC49, is able to extravasate and penetrate more deeply into tumors than the parent IgG molecule. We reasoned that once the super(225)Ac-chelate-MAb had penetrated into the tumor, the daughter radioisotopes would remain trapped even if they had been released from the primary chelator. Actinium-225 HEHA MAb CC49 conjugates were tested for distribution, micro-distribution and therapy in immunocompromised mice which had LS174T tumors growing at subcutaneous or intramuscular sites. Both super(125)I and super(225)Ac CC49 and Hu- Delta CH sub(2) CC49 were efficient in delivery of the radioisotopes to tumor sites. Tissue micro-autoradiography for the two antibody forms did not demonstrate any differences in micro-distribution of either super(125)I or super(225)Ac in the tumor. Furthermore, there was no detectable difference for the two carriers in the tumor retention of daughter radioisotopes from super(225)Ac. Therapy experiments with super(225)Ac were complicated by radiotoxicity of the conjugates. The lethal dose was about 0.5 mu Ci in two strains of mice regardless of the carrier. At injected doses of 0.5 and 0.25 mu Ci, CC49 was slightly active in tumor stasis, whereas no consistent significant effect of super(225)Ac- Hu- Delta CH sub(2) CC49 on growth of tumors was observed. The potential of super(225)Ac in radioimmunotherapy is limited by the radiotoxicity of its daughter radioisotopes. Its potential will only be realized if stable conjugates, capable of daughter radioisotope retention, can be devised. JF - Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals AU - Kennel, S J AU - Brechbiel, M W AU - Milenic, DE AU - Schlom, J AU - Mirzadeh, S AD - Life Sciences Division, Bldg 4500S, Rm F150, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 219 EP - 231 VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 1084-9785, 1084-9785 KW - CC49 antigen KW - actinium-225 KW - man KW - mice KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W3 33375:Antibodies KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18588962?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Biotherapy+and+Radiopharmaceuticals&rft.atitle=Actinium-225+Conjugates+of+MAb+CC49+and+Humanized+Delta+CH+sub%282%29CC49&rft.au=Kennel%2C+S+J%3BBrechbiel%2C+M+W%3BMilenic%2C+DE%3BSchlom%2C+J%3BMirzadeh%2C+S&rft.aulast=Kennel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Biotherapy+and+Radiopharmaceuticals&rft.issn=10849785&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional X-ray structural microscopy with submicrometre resolution AN - 1844921721; 2016-099799 AB - A three-dimensional X-ray microscopic technique is described that uses polychromatic synchrotron X-ray microbeams to probe local crystal structure, orientation and strain tensors with sub-mu m spatial resolution. The technique is illustrated with 3D measurements of grain orientations and sizes in polycrystalline Al, and with mu m depth-resolved measurements of elastic strain tensors in cylindrically bent Si. The technique is applicable to single crystals, polycrystals, composite and functionally graded materials. JF - Nature (London) AU - Larson, B C AU - Yang, W AU - Ice, G E AU - Budai, J D AU - Tischler, J Z Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 887 EP - 890 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 415 IS - 6874 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - high-resolution methods KW - three-dimensional models KW - techniques KW - crystal structure KW - elastic strain KW - X-rays KW - single-crystal method KW - microscope methods KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - X-ray analysis KW - polycrystalline materials KW - spectroscopy KW - instruments KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844921721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+X-ray+structural+microscopy+with+submicrometre+resolution&rft.au=Larson%2C+B+C%3BYang%2C+W%3BIce%2C+G+E%3BBudai%2C+J+D%3BTischler%2C+J+Z&rft.aulast=Larson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=415&rft.issue=6874&rft.spage=887&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2F415887a L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; crystal structure; elastic strain; high-resolution methods; instruments; metals; microscope methods; polycrystalline materials; single-crystal method; spectroscopy; techniques; three-dimensional models; X-ray analysis; X-ray spectroscopy; X-rays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/415887a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial and Resource Factors Influencing High Microbial Diversity in Soil AN - 18353353; 5288770 AB - To begin defining the key determinants that drive microbial community structure in soil, we examined 29 soil samples from four geographically distinct locations taken from the surface, vadose zone, and saturated subsurface using a small-subunit rRNA-based cloning approach. While microbial communities in low- carbon, saturated, subsurface soils showed dominance, microbial communities in low-carbon surface soils showed remarkably uniform distributions, and all species were equally abundant. Two diversity indices, the reciprocal of Simpson's index (1/D) and the log series index, effectively distinguished between the dominant and uniform diversity patterns. For example, the uniform profiles characteristic of the surface communities had diversity index values that were 2 to 3 orders of magnitude greater than those for the high-dominance, saturated, subsurface communities. In a site richer in organic carbon, microbial communities consistently exhibited the uniform distribution pattern regardless of soil water content and depth. The uniform distribution implies that competition does not shape the structure of these microbial communities. Theoretical studies based on mathematical modeling suggested that spatial isolation could limit competition in surface soils, thereby supporting the high diversity and a uniform community structure. Carbon resource heterogeneity may explain the uniform diversity patterns observed in the high-carbon samples even in the saturated zone. Very high levels of chromium contamination (e.g., >20%) in the high-organic-matter soils did not greatly reduce the diversity. Understanding mechanisms that may control community structure, such as spatial isolation, has important implications for preservation of biodiversity, management of microbial communities for bioremediation, biocontrol of root diseases, and improved soil fertility. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Zhou, J AU - Xia, B AU - Treves, D S AU - Wu, L Y AU - Marsh, T L AU - O'Neill, R V AU - Palumbo, A V AU - Tiedje, J M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038., zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 326 EP - 334 VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - spatial factors KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Spatial distribution KW - Community structure KW - Species diversity KW - Soil nutrients KW - Resources KW - Soil microorganisms KW - A 01047:General KW - J 02901:Soil and plants KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18353353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Spatial+and+Resource+Factors+Influencing+High+Microbial+Diversity+in+Soil&rft.au=Zhou%2C+J%3BXia%2C+B%3BTreves%2C+D+S%3BWu%2C+L+Y%3BMarsh%2C+T+L%3BO%27Neill%2C+R+V%3BPalumbo%2C+A+V%3BTiedje%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=326&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.68.1.326-334.2002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil microorganisms; Species diversity; Resources; Spatial distribution; Soil nutrients; Community structure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.1.326-334.2002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dispersal success on spatially structured landscapes: when do spatial pattern and dispersal behavior really matter? AN - 18259712; 5318449 AB - Dispersal is a fundamental component of many spatial population models. Concerns over the need to incorporate detailed information on dispersal behavior in spatially explicit population models (SEPMs) motivated us to undertake a simulation study in which we explored the conditions under which landscape structure affects dispersal success and the dependency of dispersal success on the choice of dispersal algorithm. We simulated individual dispersal as a random process (the mean-field approximation), a percolation process (PD) or a nearest-neighbor process (NND) on random and fractal neutral landscapes across gradients of habitat fragmentation and abundance (0.1-90%). Both landscape structure and dispersal behavior affected dispersal success in landscapes with < 30-40% habitat. Landscape structure, in the form of contagious habitat, was always important for predicting the success of weak dispersers constrained to move within a local neighborhood, unless habitat was abundant ( greater than or equal to 80%). Dispersers generally attained highest success on landscapes in which habitat had high spatial contagion. Habitat clumping may thus mitigate the negative effects of habitat loss on dispersal success. Spatial pattern is generally not important for predicting dispersal success when habitat abundance exceeds 40% and the mean-field approximation (random dispersal) adequately describes dispersal success in these landscapes. Because species of conservation concern generally occur in landscapes with < 20% habitat, modeling dispersal as a random process may not be warranted for these species. In these cases, the required interaction between spatial structure and dispersal may be captured adequately by a simple local dispersal algorithm such that detailed movement rules may not be needed. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - King, A W AU - With, KA AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1509, MS 6335, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA, awk@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/01/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 01 SP - 23 EP - 39 VL - 147 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - random process KW - percolation process KW - nearest-neighbor process KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Spatial distribution KW - Abundance KW - Landscape KW - Gradients KW - Dispersal KW - Habitat fragmentation KW - Models KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18259712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Dispersal+success+on+spatially+structured+landscapes%3A+when+do+spatial+pattern+and+dispersal+behavior+really+matter%3F&rft.au=King%2C+A+W%3BWith%2C+KA&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Landscape; Gradients; Habitat fragmentation; Abundance; Dispersal; Spatial distribution; Models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Net carbon flux from agricultural ecosystems: methodology for full carbon cycle analyses AN - 18255516; 5316885 AB - Agricultural ecosystems have the potential to sequester carbon in soils by altering agricultural management practices (i.e. tillage practice, cover crops, and crop rotation) and using agricultural inputs (i.e. fertilizers and irrigation) more efficiently. Changes in agricultural practices can also cause changes in CO sub(2) emissions associated with these practices. In order to account for changes in net CO sub(2) emissions, and thereby estimate the overall impact of carbon sequestration initiatives on the atmospheric CO sub(2) pool, we use a methodology for full carbon cycle analysis of agricultural ecosystems. The analysis accounts for changes in carbon sequestration and emission rates with time, and results in values representing a change in net carbon flux. Comparison among values of net carbon flux for two or more systems, using the initial system as a baseline value, results in a value for relative net carbon flux. Some results from using the full carbon cycle methodology, along with US national average values for agricultural inputs, indicate that the net carbon flux averaged over all crops following conversion from conventional tillage to no-till is -189 kg C ha super(-1) year super(-1) (a negative value indicates net transfer of carbon from the atmosphere). The relative net carbon flux, using conventional tillage as the baseline, is -371 kg C ha super(-1) year super(-1), which represents the total atmospheric CO sub(2) reduction caused by changing tillage practices. The methodology used here illustrates the importance of (1) delineating system boundaries, (2) including CO sub(2) emissions associated with sequestration initiatives in the accounting process, and (3) comparing the new management practices associated with sequestration initiatives with the original management practices to obtain the true impact of sequestration projects on the atmospheric CO sub(2) pool. JF - Environmental Pollution AU - West, TO AU - Marland, G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA, westto@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 439 EP - 444 VL - 116 IS - 3 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Agricultural ecosystems KW - Measuring techniques KW - Carbon cycle KW - Emission control KW - Methodology KW - Storage KW - Soil KW - Agricultural practices KW - carbon sinks KW - Carbon dioxide KW - D 04700:Management KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18255516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution&rft.atitle=Net+carbon+flux+from+agricultural+ecosystems%3A+methodology+for+full+carbon+cycle+analyses&rft.au=West%2C+TO%3BMarland%2C+G&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=TO&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Terrestrial carbon - Part 1. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Carbon cycle; Emission control; Carbon dioxide; Soil; Storage; carbon sinks; Agricultural practices; Agricultural ecosystems; Measuring techniques; Methodology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biosensors for rapid monitoring of primary-source drinking water using naturally occurring photosynthesis AN - 17671215; 5510535 AB - Working with primary-source freshwater drinking samples from the Clinch and Tennessee Rivers, we have developed a tissue-based biosensor detection system that uses naturally occurring aquatic photosynthetic tissue as the sensing material for detection of chemical antagonists in the water. Sensor readout is based on well-known principles of fluorescence induction by living photosynthetic tissue. The Clinch River is the main source of drinking water for Oak Ridge, Tennessee, while the Tennessee River is a major source for the city of Knoxville. We have successfully detected algae in every sample that we examined and readily monitored changes in the characteristic fluorescence induction curves when the samples were exposed to potassium cyanide (KCN), methyl parathion (MPt), N'(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethylurea (DCMU), and paraquat. The percentage decreases in photochemical yields observed in Tennessee River samples after a 24-min exposure to KCN, MPt, and DCMU were, respectively, 21.89 plus or minus 0.76, 3.28 plus or minus 0.18, and 14.77 plus or minus 1.81. For a site at the Clinch River, the percentage decreases were 22.78 plus or minus 1.63, 8.32 plus or minus 0.21, and 17.71 plus or minus 1.32. The unique aspect of this approach to real-time water quality monitoring is that unlike conventional sensing devices, this sensor material is external to the detecting instrument and is continuously refreshed. These biosensors may be used as continuous rapid-warning sentinels for detection of chemical warfare agents in sunlight-exposed drinking water supplies. JF - Biosensors & Bioelectronics AU - Rodriguez, M Jr AU - Sanders, CA AU - Greenbaum, E AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, greenbaum@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 843 EP - 849 VL - 17 IS - 10 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17671215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.atitle=Biosensors+for+rapid+monitoring+of+primary-source+drinking+water+using+naturally+occurring+photosynthesis&rft.au=Rodriguez%2C+M+Jr%3BSanders%2C+CA%3BGreenbaum%2C+E&rft.aulast=Rodriguez&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=843&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial Population Dynamics and Enzyme Activities During Composting AN - 16138973; 5428492 AB - The changes in population size of different microbial groups (total aerobic heterotrophs, actinomycetes, fungi, fecal coliforms, ammonium- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, and denitrifying bacteria) and the activities of 19 different enzymes (three phosphatases, three esterases, two proteases, three amino-peptidases, and eight glycosyl-hydrolases) were examined during cocomposting of poultry litter (a mixture of poultry manure, waste feed, feathers, and wood shavings) and yard trimmings (a mixture of grass clippings, leaves, and wood barks). Three piles with forced aeration were established by mixing 2:1 (v/v) ratio of poultry litter and yard trimmings. During composting, samples were taken at three different locations (top, middle, and bottom) of the forced aeration piles for microbial and enzyme analyses. Results demonstrated that population size of different microbial groups was not a limiting factor in this composting process as the microorganisms in the poultry litter + yard trimmings compost are in great abundance. Although the numbers of these microbial groups were reduced by high temperature, their populations multiplied rapidly as composting progressed. Fecal coliforms were eliminated by day 49, suggesting that the poultry litter + yard trimmings compost showed an overall increase in diversity and relative abundance of extracellular enzymes present as composting progressed. The population of fungi and actinomycetes (microorganisms active in degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) were positively correlated with esterase, valine amino-peptidase, alpha -galactosidase, beta -glucosidase, and lipase. Of all 19 enzymes examined, beta -galactosidase (enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of lactose) had the most significant positive correlation with microbial populations, such as total aerobic heterotrophs, ammonium- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and fecal coliforms. Cystine amino peptidase, chymotrypsin, and trypsin showed no evidence of activity during the entire period of composting. This composting process represented a combined activity of a wide succession of environments in the compost pile as one microbial group / enzyme overlapped the other and each emerged gradually as a result of the continual change in temperature as well as moisture content, O sub(2) and CO sub(2) level, and progressive breakdown of complex compounds to simpler ones. JF - Compost Science & Utilization AU - Tiquia, S M AU - Wan, JHC AU - Tam, NFY AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 150 EP - 161 VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 1065-657X, 1065-657X KW - hemicellulose KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Extracellular enzymes KW - Poultry KW - Biodegradation KW - Manure KW - Grasses KW - esterase KW - Cellulose KW - Chymotrypsin KW - Succession KW - peptidase KW - Heterotrophs KW - Composting KW - Actinomycetes KW - Temperature effects KW - Fecal coliforms KW - Litter KW - Lactose KW - Animal wastes KW - Trypsin KW - Composts KW - beta -Galactosidase KW - Fungi KW - Enzymes KW - Bark KW - Limiting factors KW - Hydrolysis KW - Aeration KW - Oxygen KW - Lignin KW - Microorganisms KW - beta -Glucosidase KW - valine KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Denitrifying bacteria KW - A 01105:Non-patents KW - K 03450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16138973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Compost+Science+%26+Utilization&rft.atitle=Microbial+Population+Dynamics+and+Enzyme+Activities+During+Composting&rft.au=Tiquia%2C+S+M%3BWan%2C+JHC%3BTam%2C+NFY&rft.aulast=Tiquia&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Compost+Science+%26+Utilization&rft.issn=1065657X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Extracellular enzymes; Poultry; Manure; Biodegradation; Grasses; esterase; Cellulose; Chymotrypsin; Succession; peptidase; Heterotrophs; Composting; Actinomycetes; Temperature effects; Lactose; Litter; Fecal coliforms; Animal wastes; beta -Galactosidase; Composts; Trypsin; Fungi; Enzymes; Bark; Limiting factors; Aeration; Hydrolysis; Oxygen; Lignin; Microorganisms; valine; beta -Glucosidase; Carbon dioxide; Denitrifying bacteria ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of perchlorate-contaminated groundwater using highly selective, regenerable ion-exchange technology; a pilot-scale demonstration AN - 1524612364; 2014-031459 AB - Treatment of perchlorate-contaminated groundwater using highly selective, regenerable ion-exchange technology has been recently demonstrated at Edwards Air Force Base, California. At an influent concentration of about 450 mu g/l ClO (sub 4) (super -) , the bifunctional anion-exchange resin bed treated approximately 40,000 empty bed volumes of groundwater before a significant breakthrough of ClO (sub 4) (super -) occurred. The presence of relatively high concentrations of chloride and sulfate in site groundwater did not appear to affect the ability of the bifunctional resin to remove ClO (sub 4) (super -) . The spent resin bed was successfully regenerated using the FeCl (sub 3) (super -) HCl regeneration technique recently developed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and nearly 100 percent of sorbed ClO (sub 4) (super -) was displaced or recovered after elution with as little as about two bed volumes of the regenerant solution. In addition, a new methodology was developed to completely destroy ClO (sub 4) (super -) in the FeCl (sub 3) (super -) HCl solution so that the disposal of perchlorate-containing hazardous wastes could be eliminated. It is therefore anticipated that these treatment and regeneration technologies may offer an efficient and cost-effective means to remove ClO (sub 4) (super -) from contaminated groundwater with significantly reduced generation of waste requiring disposal. 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Abstract Copyright (2002), Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Ku, Yee-Kyoung AU - Brown, Gilbert M Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 51 EP - 68 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - technology KW - halogens KW - techniques KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - California KW - laboratory studies KW - Kern County California KW - chloride ion KW - Tennessee KW - ion exchange KW - breakthrough curves KW - water pollution KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - chlorine KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - perchlorate KW - aquifers KW - Edwards Air Force Base KW - military facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524612364?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+perchlorate-contaminated+groundwater+using+highly+selective%2C+regenerable+ion-exchange+technology%3B+a+pilot-scale+demonstration&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BKu%2C+Yee-Kyoung%3BBrown%2C+Gilbert+M&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.10025 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; breakthrough curves; California; chloride ion; chlorine; Edwards Air Force Base; experimental studies; ground water; halogens; hazardous waste; ion exchange; Kern County California; laboratory studies; military facilities; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; perchlorate; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sulfate ion; techniques; technology; Tennessee; United States; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.10025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sour gas in the Nisku Formation of central Alberta; geochemical evidence for biological and thermochemical sulfate reduction AN - 1356359153; 2013-043021 JF - Abstracts and Program - Society for Organic Petrology. Meeting AU - Machel, H G AU - Krouse, H R AU - Foght, J M AU - Riciputi, L R AU - Cole, D R AU - Fowler, Martin Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 EP - 41 PB - The=Society for Organic Petrology (TSOP), [location varies] VL - 19 SN - 1060-7250, 1060-7250 KW - anhydrite KW - isotopes KW - natural gas KW - gas chromatograms KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - petroleum KW - microthermometry KW - Alberta KW - stable isotopes KW - reservoir rocks KW - dolomite KW - Nisku Formation KW - inclusions KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - Upper Devonian KW - early diagenesis KW - methane KW - sulfates KW - closed systems KW - Paleozoic KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - alkanes KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - Devonian KW - Canada KW - diagenesis KW - chromatograms KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - Western Canada KW - pyrite KW - fluid inclusions KW - sour gas KW - sulfides KW - carbonates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1356359153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+and+Program+-+Society+for+Organic+Petrology.+Meeting&rft.atitle=Sour+gas+in+the+Nisku+Formation+of+central+Alberta%3B+geochemical+evidence+for+biological+and+thermochemical+sulfate+reduction&rft.au=Machel%2C+H+G%3BKrouse%2C+H+R%3BFoght%2C+J+M%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BFowler%2C+Martin&rft.aulast=Machel&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+and+Program+-+Society+for+Organic+Petrology.+Meeting&rft.issn=10607250&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Joint meeting of the Canadian Society for Coal Science and Organic Petrology (CSCOP) & the Society for Organic Petrology (TSOP 19th annual meeting) N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alberta; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anhydrite; bacteria; reduction; biogenic processes; Canada; carbonates; chromatograms; closed systems; Devonian; diagenesis; dolomite; early diagenesis; Eh; fluid inclusions; gas chromatograms; geochemistry; hydrocarbons; hydrogen sulfide; inclusions; isotopes; methane; microthermometry; natural gas; Nisku Formation; organic compounds; Paleozoic; petroleum; pyrite; reservoir rocks; sour gas; stable isotopes; sulfates; sulfides; Upper Devonian; Western Canada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting dose-time profiles of solar energetic particle events using Bayesian forecasting methods. AN - 71323313; 12033225 AB - Bayesian inference techniques, coupled with Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling methods, are used to predict dose-time profiles for energetic solar particle events. Inputs into the predictive methodology are dose and dose-rate measurements obtained early in the event. Surrogate dose values are grouped in hierarchical models to express relationships among similar solar particle events. Models assume nonlinear, sigmoidal growth for dose throughout an event. Markov chain Monte Carlo methods are used to sample from Bayesian posterior predictive distributions for dose and dose rate. Example predictions are provided for the November 8, 2000, and August 12, 1989, solar particle events. JF - IEEE transactions on nuclear science AU - Neal, J S AU - Townsend, L W AD - University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. nealjs1@ornl.gov. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 2004 EP - 2009 VL - 48 IS - 6 SN - 0018-9499, 0018-9499 KW - Protons KW - 0 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Space life sciences KW - NASA Discipline Radiation Health KW - Non-NASA Center KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Space Flight KW - Markov Chains KW - Time Factors KW - Radiation Monitoring -- methods KW - Solar Activity KW - Forecasting -- methods KW - Bayes Theorem KW - Models, Statistical KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Radiation Monitoring -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71323313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+transactions+on+nuclear+science&rft.atitle=Predicting+dose-time+profiles+of+solar+energetic+particle+events+using+Bayesian+forecasting+methods.&rft.au=Neal%2C+J+S%3BTownsend%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Neal&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2004&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+transactions+on+nuclear+science&rft.issn=00189499&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-08 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HBGC123D; a high-performance computer model of coupled hydrogeological and biogeochemical processes AN - 52179850; 2001-073900 AB - Groundwater flow and transport models have been used to assist management of subsurface water resources and water quality. The needs of more efficient use of technical and financial resources have recently motivated the development of more effective remediation techniques and complex models of coupled hydrogeological and biogeochemical processes. We present a high-performance computer model of the coupled processes, HBGC123D. The model uses a hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian finite element method to solve the solute transport equation and a Newton's method to solve the system of nonlinear, mixed kinetics and equilibrium reaction equations. Application of the model to a laboratory soil column with multispecies tracer injection suggests that one may use the model to derive important parameters of subsurface solute fate and transport. These parameters may be used for predictive purpose in similar field problems. To this end, we present a three-dimensional, hypothetical bioremediation simulation on an aquifer contaminated by CoNTA. The simulation suggests that, using oxygen alone to stimulate the biodegradation of the contaminant, one may reduce the waste to 40% in 10 years. Using a refined mesh of this three-dimensional model, we also conduct a performance study of HBGC123D on an array of SGI Origin 2000 distributed shared-memory processors. Both the computational kernels and the entire model show very good performance up to 32 processors. The CPU time is essentially reduced by 20-fold using 64 processors. This result suggests that HBGC123D may be a useful tool in assisting environmental restoration efforts such as waste site characterization and remediation. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Gwo, Jin P AU - d'Azevedo, Eduardo F AU - Frenzel, Hartmut AU - Mayes, Melanie AU - Yeh, Gour-Tsyh AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Salvage, Karen M AU - Hoffman, Forrest M Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 1231 EP - 1242 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford-Toronto VL - 27 IS - 10 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - biochemistry KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - water management KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - HBGC123D KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - computer programs KW - finite element analysis KW - movement KW - algorithms KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52179850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=HBGC123D%3B+a+high-performance+computer+model+of+coupled+hydrogeological+and+biogeochemical+processes&rft.au=Gwo%2C+Jin+P%3Bd%27Azevedo%2C+Eduardo+F%3BFrenzel%2C+Hartmut%3BMayes%2C+Melanie%3BYeh%2C+Gour-Tsyh%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BSalvage%2C+Karen+M%3BHoffman%2C+Forrest+M&rft.aulast=Gwo&rft.aufirst=Jin&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GGEOD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; biochemistry; computer programs; data processing; finite element analysis; ground water; HBGC123D; hydrology; movement; pollution; remediation; solutes; statistical analysis; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional fluid migration in the Illinois Basin; evidence from in situ oxygen isotope analysis of authigenic K-feldspar and quartz from the Mount Simon Sandstone AN - 52168261; 2001-075870 AB - Oxygen isotope compositions of widespread, authigenic K-feldspar and quartz over-growths and cements in the Upper Cambrian Mount Simon Sandstone were measured by ion microprobe in 11 samples distributed across the Illinois basin and its periphery. Average K-feldspar delta (super 18) O values increase systematically from +14% + or - 1% in the southernmost and deepest samples in Illinois to +24% + or - 2% in the northernmost outcrop sample in Wisconsin. A similar trend was observed for quartz overgrowths (22% + or - 2% to 28% + or - 2%). Constant homogenization temperatures (100-130 degrees C) of fluid inclusions associated with quartz overgrowths throughout the basin suggest that the geographic trend in oxygen isotope compositions is a result of diagenetic modification of a south to north migrating basinal fluid. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Chen, Zhensheng AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Mora, Claudia I AU - Fishman, Neil S Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 1067 EP - 1070 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 12 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - oxygen KW - K-feldspar KW - ion probe data KW - silica minerals KW - isotopes KW - sandstone KW - mass spectra KW - authigenic minerals KW - Mount Simon Sandstone KW - fluid dynamics KW - stable isotopes KW - cores KW - Cambrian KW - temperature KW - Upper Cambrian KW - sedimentary rocks KW - alkali feldspar KW - Indiana KW - inclusions KW - basins KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - Wisconsin KW - geochemistry KW - Illinois Basin KW - experimental studies KW - Illinois KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - homogenization KW - overgrowths KW - O-18/O-16 KW - diagenesis KW - quartz KW - fluid inclusions KW - feldspar group KW - clastic rocks KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52168261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Regional+fluid+migration+in+the+Illinois+Basin%3B+evidence+from+in+situ+oxygen+isotope+analysis+of+authigenic+K-feldspar+and+quartz+from+the+Mount+Simon+Sandstone&rft.au=Chen%2C+Zhensheng%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BMora%2C+Claudia+I%3BFishman%2C+Neil+S&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Zhensheng&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1067&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/gsaonline/?request=get-abstract&issn=0091-7613&volume=029&issue=012&page=1067 http://www.gsajournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - With GSA Data Repository Item 2001126 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali feldspar; authigenic minerals; basins; Cambrian; clastic rocks; cores; diagenesis; experimental studies; feldspar group; fluid dynamics; fluid inclusions; framework silicates; geochemistry; homogenization; Illinois; Illinois Basin; inclusions; Indiana; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; K-feldspar; mass spectra; Mount Simon Sandstone; O-18/O-16; overgrowths; oxygen; Paleozoic; quartz; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; silica minerals; silicates; spectra; stable isotopes; temperature; United States; Upper Cambrian; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water in Martian magmas; clues from light lithophile elements in shergottite and nakhlite pyroxenes AN - 52145015; 2002-011254 AB - There is abundant geomorphic evidence that Mars once had potentially significant amounts of water on its surface. Bulk martian meteorites are curiously dry, and hydrated minerals found in some of these rocks are also surprisingly low in water content. We look for evidence of pre-eruptive magmatic water by analyzing the abundances of Li, Be, and B, light lithophile elements that have proven useful in tracking water-magma interactions in terrestrial studies because of their solubility differences. We performed secondary ionization mass spectrometer (SIMS) analysis of these incompatible elements in pyroxenes of two nakhlites and two basaltic shergottites, with quite different results. In Nakhla and Lafayette, all three elements behave as incompatible elements, with increasing abundance with magma evolution from pyroxene cores to rims. In Shergotty and Zagami, Be increases, but both B and Li decrease from pyroxene cores to rims. From terrestrial studies, it is known that Be is virtually insoluble in aqueous hydrothermal fluids, whereas B and Li are quite soluble. We suggest, therefore, that the elemental decreases in the shergottite pyroxenes reflect dissolution and loss of B and Li in a hot, aqueous fluid exsolved from the magma. Consistent with our results, recent experimental work proposes that the shergottite parent magmas contained 1.8 wt% water . We suggest that the pyroxene cores grew at depth (>4 km) where the water would remain dissolved in the magma. Once the magma began to ascend, the volatile component could gradually exsolve, removing the soluble species from the melt in the process. Upon eruption, the volatile component might then be lost through degassing, leaving a B- and Li-depleted magma to crystallize pyroxene rims and plagioclase. This magmatic water might have derived from the martian mantle or resulted from deep crustal contamination. If the water contents proposed for the shergottite magmas, and implied by our results, are typical of basaltic magmas on Mars, this mechanism could provide an efficient method of delivering substantial amounts of water to the martian surface at later times in martian history. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Lentz, R C F AU - McSween, H Y, Jr AU - Ryan, J AU - Riciputi, Lee R Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 4551 EP - 4565 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 65 IS - 24 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - Shergotty Meteorite KW - nakhlite KW - stony meteorites KW - ion probe data KW - Martian meteorites KW - mass spectra KW - Mars KW - Nakhla Meteorite KW - lithophile elements KW - SNC Meteorites KW - meteorites KW - magma transport KW - pyroxene group KW - spectra KW - trace elements KW - geochemistry KW - chain silicates KW - water KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - lithium KW - Lafayette Meteorite KW - alkali metals KW - achondrites KW - terrestrial planets KW - planets KW - shergottite KW - metals KW - magmas KW - planetary interiors KW - Zagami Meteorite KW - boron KW - beryllium KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52145015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Water+in+Martian+magmas%3B+clues+from+light+lithophile+elements+in+shergottite+and+nakhlite+pyroxenes&rft.au=Lentz%2C+R+C+F%3BMcSween%2C+H+Y%2C+Jr%3BRyan%2C+J%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R&rft.aulast=Lentz&rft.aufirst=R+C&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=4551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2801%2900756-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; beryllium; boron; chain silicates; experimental studies; geochemistry; ion probe data; Lafayette Meteorite; lithium; lithophile elements; magma transport; magmas; Mars; Martian meteorites; mass spectra; metals; meteorites; Nakhla Meteorite; nakhlite; planetary interiors; planets; pyroxene group; shergottite; Shergotty Meteorite; silicates; SNC Meteorites; spectra; stony meteorites; terrestrial planets; trace elements; water; Zagami Meteorite DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00756-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemistry of suspended particles in a mine-affected mountain stream AN - 20678129; 5224031 AB - The particles in a mine drainage and the creek into which it drains were examined using microbeam and filtration methods. The composition of the particles in the drainage and creek were distinctly different, though both carried a chemical signal from the mine. High concentrations of particles made up of Fe and S were seen in the drainage, especially during low flow. The molar Fe:S ratio of these suspended particles was 3.5:1. The influx of the mine drainage into the creek increased the relative number of aggregates and particles with associated Fe. However, few discrete Fe-S particles were seen in the creek, where solid-phase Fe and S were consistently associated with aluminosilicate minerals. Instream precipitation is predicted and appears to be an important additional source of Fe and Al oxyhydroxides to the particles. Some of the Fe and Al associated with particles in the creek was acid-soluble, but most of the acid-soluble Zn, Mn, Cu, Ca, Mg and Si were transported in the <0.45 mu m fraction at a site downstream of the mine drainage. One third of the suspended particles had associated P. These suspended particles take part in the complex geochemistry of this system, and represent an important pool as a potential sink and source of metals and other elements. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Sullivan, AB AU - Drever, JI AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory. PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, sullivanab@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 1663 EP - 1676 VL - 16 IS - 15 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Chemistry KW - Sulphur KW - Receiving water KW - Silicate minerals KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Heavy metals KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Chemical Analysis KW - Particulates KW - Freshwater KW - Mine tailings KW - Mountains KW - Suspended Solids KW - Receiving Waters KW - Particulate Matter KW - Rivers KW - Suspended solids KW - Metals KW - Fate of Pollutants KW - Acid Mine Drainage KW - Geochemistry KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - Streams (in natural channels) KW - Pollution surveys KW - Mining waste waters KW - mine drainage KW - Filtration KW - Chemical precipitation KW - River water KW - Aluminium KW - downstream KW - Mining KW - Hydroxides KW - Iron KW - Minerals KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20678129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Geochemistry+of+suspended+particles+in+a+mine-affected+mountain+stream&rft.au=Sullivan%2C+AB%3BDrever%2C+JI&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=1663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulphur; Silicate minerals; Heavy metals; Pollution dispersion; Geochemistry; Suspended particulate matter; Pollution surveys; Mine tailings; River water; Chemical precipitation; Aluminium; Mining; Hydroxides; Minerals; Iron; Rivers; Metals; Particulates; mine drainage; Mountains; Filtration; downstream; Suspended solids; Chemistry; Receiving water; Streams (in natural channels); Mining waste waters; Path of Pollutants; Suspended Solids; Acid Mine Drainage; Fate of Pollutants; Particulate Matter; Chemical Analysis; Receiving Waters; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aboveground Growth and Competition in Forest Gap Models: An Analysis for Studies of Climatic Change AN - 18386496; 5376429 AB - Gap models have been used extensively in ecological studies of forest structure and succession, and they should be useful tools for studying potential responses of forests to climatic change. There is a wide variety of gap models with different degrees of physiological detail, and the manner in which the effects of climatic factors are analyzed varies across that range of detail. Here we consider how well the current suite of gap models can accommodate climatic-change issues, and we suggest what physiological attributes and responses should be added to better represent responses of aboveground growth and competition. Whether a gap model is based on highly empirical, aggregated growth functions or more mechanistic expressions of carbon uptake and allocation, the greatest challenge will be to express allocation correctly. For example, incorporating effects of elevated CO sub(2) requires that the fixed allometry between stem volume and leaf area be made flexible. Simulation of the effects of climatic warming should incorporate the possibility of a longer growing season and acclimation of growth processes to changing temperature. To accommodate climatic-change factors, some of the simplicity of gap models must be sacrificed by increasing the amount of physiological detail, but it is important that the capability of the models to predict competition and successional dynamics not be sacrificed. JF - Climatic Change AU - Norby, R J AU - Ogle, K AU - Curtis, P S AU - Badeck, F-W AU - Huth, A AU - Hurtt, G C AU - Kohyama, Takashi AU - Penuelas, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 415 EP - 447 VL - 51 IS - 3-4 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - M2 551.588.6:Vegetation and forests (551.588.6) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18386496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Aboveground+Growth+and+Competition+in+Forest+Gap+Models%3A+An+Analysis+for+Studies+of+Climatic+Change&rft.au=Norby%2C+R+J%3BOgle%2C+K%3BCurtis%2C+P+S%3BBadeck%2C+F-W%3BHuth%2C+A%3BHurtt%2C+G+C%3BKohyama%2C+Takashi%3BPenuelas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=415&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Below-Ground Processes in Gap Models for Simulating Forest Response to Global Change AN - 18386128; 5376430 AB - Gap models have a rich history of being used to simulate individual tree interactions that impact species diversity and patterns of forest succession. Questions arise, however, as to whether these same models can be used to study the response of forest structure and composition under a changing climate. In contrast to many process-based models, gap models have traditionally been based on rather descriptive representations of species-specific growth processes. Opportunities now exist to expand upon these simple empirical relationships with more mechanistic descriptions of growth, the response of growth to environmental variables, and competition among species for available light, water, and nutrient resources. In this paper, we focus on several areas of below-ground research with the potential to improve the utility of gap models for predicting forest composition in response to a changing climate. Specific areas for model improvement include (1) improved descriptions of the soil environment for seed germination and subsequent seedling establishment, (2) multi-layer representations of soil water and nutrient availability, (3) more accurate information on biomass allocation to roots and root distribution within the soil profile, (4) improved treatment of inter- and intra-specific competition for available soil resources, (5) increased consideration of spatial processes as related to land-surface hydrology, and (6) improved attention to above- and below-ground interactions. This list is meant to stimulate discussion and provide guidance for future field research and model development. As an example of how increased attention to below-ground processes could help address intra-specific competition for water among trees of differing size classes, the gap model LINKAGES was modified to include a sub-model of multi-layered soil hydrology. It was then used to examine the impact of root distribution within soils on the simulated drought response of seedlings, saplings, and mature trees. An annual simulation of soil water content for a deciduous forest in eastern Tennessee showed that seedlings whose roots were restricted to the upper 20-cm of the soil experienced far more 'drought days' than did saplings and larger trees that otherwise had access to deeper soil water reserves. We recognize that models of forest succession cannot include mechanistic detail on all potential below-ground processes and that there are obvious tradeoffs between model simplicity and more sophisticated parameterizations. We conclude, however, that feedbacks among global environmental change, seed germination and seedling establishment, above- and below-ground carbon allocation, root distribution within the soil profile, and soil water and nutrient dynamics will be critically important for predicting forest dynamics and ecosystem function in the 21st century. As a result, steps should now be taken to ensure that these processes are represented in future gap models. JF - Climatic Change AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Jackson, R B AU - Currie, W S AU - Friend, AD AU - Luo, Yiqi AU - Mouillot, F AU - Pan, Y AU - Shao, Guofan AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA, wullschlegsd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 449 EP - 473 VL - 51 IS - 3-4 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - M2 551.588.6:Vegetation and forests (551.588.6) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18386128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Below-Ground+Processes+in+Gap+Models+for+Simulating+Forest+Response+to+Global+Change&rft.au=Wullschleger%2C+S+D%3BJackson%2C+R+B%3BCurrie%2C+W+S%3BFriend%2C+AD%3BLuo%2C+Yiqi%3BMouillot%2C+F%3BPan%2C+Y%3BShao%2C+Guofan&rft.aulast=Wullschleger&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and Evaluation of Functional Gene Arrays for Detection of Selected Genes in the Environment AN - 18349182; 5288724 AB - To determine the potential of DNA array technology for assessing functional gene diversity and distribution, a prototype microarray was constructed with genes involved in nitrogen cycling: nitrite reductase (nirS and nirK) genes, ammonia mono-oxygenase (amoA) genes, and methane mono-oxygenase (pmoA) genes from pure cultures and those cloned from marine sediments. In experiments using glass slide microarrays, genes possessing less than 80 to 85% sequence identity were differentiated under hybridization conditions of high stringency (65 degree C). The detection limit for nirS genes was approximately 1 ng of pure genomic DNA and 25 ng of soil community DNA using our optimized protocol. A linear quantitative relationship (r = 0.89 to 0.94) was observed between signal intensity and target DNA concentration over a range of 1 to 100 ng for genomic DNA (or genomic DNA equivalent) from both pure cultures and mixed communities. However, the quantitative capacity of microarrays for measuring the relative abundance of targeted genes in complex environmental samples is less clear due to divergent target sequences. Sequence divergence and probe length affected hybridization signal intensity within a certain range of sequence identity and size, respectively. This prototype functional gene array did reveal differences in the apparent distribution of nir and amoA and pmoA gene families in sediment and soil samples. Our results indicate that glass-based microarray hybridization has potential as a tool for revealing functional gene composition in natural microbial communities; however, more work is needed to improve sensitivity and quantitation and to understand the associated issue of specificity. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Wu, L AU - Thompson, D K AU - Li, G AU - Hurt, R A AU - Tiedje, J M AU - Zhou, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038., zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 5780 EP - 5790 VL - 67 IS - 12 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - microarrays KW - amoA gene KW - inirS gene KW - nirK gene KW - nirS gene KW - pmoA gene KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Pure culture KW - Nitrite reductase KW - Nitrate reductase KW - DNA KW - Genetic diversity KW - Nitrogen cycle KW - Methane monooxygenase KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W2 32243:Molecular methods KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18349182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Development+and+Evaluation+of+Functional+Gene+Arrays+for+Detection+of+Selected+Genes+in+the+Environment&rft.au=Wu%2C+L%3BThompson%2C+D+K%3BLi%2C+G%3BHurt%2C+R+A%3BTiedje%2C+J+M%3BZhou%2C+J&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=5780&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.67.12.5780-5790.2001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nitrite reductase; Nitrogen cycle; Methane monooxygenase; Pure culture; DNA; Genetic diversity; Nitrate reductase DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.67.12.5780-5790.2001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is it time to bury the ecosystem concept? (With full military honors, of course!) AN - 18269220; 5329110 AB - The ecosystem concept has become a standard paradigm for studying ecological systems. Underlying the ecosystem concept is a "machine analogy" derived from Systems Analysis. This analogy is difficult to reconcile with our current understanding of ecological systems as metastable adaptive systems that may operate far from equilibrium. This paper discusses some logical and scientific problems associated with the ecosystem concept, and suggests a number of modifications in the paradigm to address these problems. JF - Ecology AU - O'Neill, R V AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036 USA Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 3275 EP - 3284 VL - 82 IS - 12 SN - 0012-9658, 0012-9658 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Ecosystem analysis KW - D 04099:Ecosystem studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18269220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=Is+it+time+to+bury+the+ecosystem+concept%3F+%28With+full+military+honors%2C+of+course%21%29&rft.au=O%27Neill%2C+R+V&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology&rft.issn=00129658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecosystem analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Tobacco Smoke in the Nonsmoking Section of a Restaurant: A Case Study AN - 18226063; 5295338 AB - This study tested the concentrations of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) components in a small restaurant/pub with smoking and nonsmoking areas-a facility outfitted with a heat-recovery ventilation system and directional airflow. The ETS levels in the nonsmoking area were compared with those in other similar restaurants/pubs where indoor smoking is altogether prohibited. The results indicate that ETS component concentrations in the nonsmoking section of the facility in question were not statistically different (P<0.05) from those measured in similar facilities where smoking is prohibited. The regulatory implications of these findings are that ventilation techniques for restaurants /pubs with separate smoking and nonsmoking areas are capable of achieving nonsmoking area ETS concentrations that are comparable to those of similar facilities that prohibit smoking outright. [copy ] 2001 Elsevier Science JF - Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology AU - Jenkins, R A AU - Finn, D AU - Tomkins, BA AU - Maskarinec, M P AD - Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6120 Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 213 EP - 220 PB - Academic Press VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - restaurants KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Tobacco smoking KW - Ventilation KW - Smoking KW - Passive smoking KW - Tobacco KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18226063?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Environmental+Tobacco+Smoke+in+the+Nonsmoking+Section+of+a+Restaurant%3A+A+Case+Study&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+R+A%3BFinn%2C+D%3BTomkins%2C+BA%3BMaskarinec%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Frtph.2001.1499 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tobacco; Ventilation; Passive smoking; Tobacco smoking; Smoking DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/rtph.2001.1499 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Matrix Metalloproteinase Gene GmMMP2 Is Activated in Response to Pathogenic Infections in Soybean AN - 18215175; 5288291 AB - Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in host defense responses against pathogens in mammals where their activities lead to the production of antimicrobial peptides. We have identified a novel soybean (Glycine max) metalloproteinase gene, GmMMP2, that is transcriptionally up-regulated in infected tissues. The deduced amino acid sequence indicates that this gene belongs to the MMP family. It is a preproprotein containing an N-terminal signal peptide, a cysteine switch, a zinc-binding catalytic motif, and a C-terminal transmembrane domain. The GmMMP2 expressed in and purified from Escherichia coli exhibited an in vitro enzymatic activity in digesting myelin basic protein. All plant metalloproteinases reported so far have no known functions. However, they have been suggested to be involved in extracellular cell matrix degradation during development or senescence. Our investigations demonstrate that the GmMMP2 transcript levels were rapidly increased in compatible and incompatible interactions of soybean tissues with the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora sojae or the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea. In agreement with the GmMMP2 activation, a metalloproteinase activity was gradually increased in suspension-cultured cells following the bacterial infection. GmMMP2 was also activated in response to wounding and dehydration. However, GmMMP2 activation did not correlate with the oxidative burst leading to the hypersensitive response cell death or the tissue senescence progress that involves programmed cell death. Our investigations suggest that GmMMP2 may be involved in a novel defense response of soybean against pathogenic infections. JF - Plant Physiology AU - Liu, Y AU - Dammann, C AU - Bhattacharyya, M K AD - Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, P.O. Box 2180, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73402, yll@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 1788 EP - 1797 PB - American Society of Plant Physiologists VL - 127 IS - 4 SN - 0032-0889, 0032-0889 KW - soybean KW - GmMMP2 gene KW - Matrix metalloproteinase KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Glycine max KW - Phytophthora sojae KW - Extracellular matrix KW - Wounding KW - Pseudomonas syringae KW - Dehydration KW - K 03089:Fungi: plant KW - A 01025:Leguminous crops KW - G 07354:Dicotyledons (crops) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18215175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Physiology&rft.atitle=The+Matrix+Metalloproteinase+Gene+GmMMP2+Is+Activated+in+Response+to+Pathogenic+Infections+in+Soybean&rft.au=Liu%2C+Y%3BDammann%2C+C%3BBhattacharyya%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1788&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Physiology&rft.issn=00320889&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phytophthora sojae; Glycine max; Pseudomonas syringae; Dehydration; Extracellular matrix; Wounding; Nucleotide sequence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fixation of radionuclides in soil and minerals by heating. AN - 72294473; 11718350 AB - Heating of fine sand-sized common mineral powders (quartz, feldspar, or calcite) or a soil (from the Department of Energy's Hanford site) up to 1000 degrees C, in contact with sorbed radioisotopes (85Sr, 57Co, 134Cs, or U), markedly increased each isotope's immobilization. A sequential extraction procedure was applied after heating the materials to assess the changes in each isotope's functional form among water-soluble, cation-exchangeable, acid-soluble, and residual phases. The overall immobilization effects were consistent with rapid high temperature ionic diffusion from the initially contaminated surfaces into the mineral matrices; subsequent diffusion out of mineral particles at ambient temperature, as measured by the sequential extraction behavior, would be such a slow process that the radionuclides may be considered sequestered from further potential environmental mobilization. In the Hanford soil, the effect was found to follow an Arrhenius-type relationship with treatment temperature up to 1000 degrees C for 57Co, 85Sr, and U, and immobilization was independent of previous thermal treatment of the materials. Although 134Cs exhibited its largest immobilization in the Hanford soil after heating to 1000 degrees C, the large immobilization of 134Cs at all temperature and even in unheated Hanford soil made it difficult to observe a strong temperature dependence. A general and promising technique for environmental remediation of contaminated soil by high-temperature heating without melting can be extrapolated directly from the empirical leaching information. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Spalding, B P AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA. spaldingbp@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/11/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Nov 01 SP - 4327 EP - 4333 VL - 35 IS - 21 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Minerals KW - 0 KW - Radioisotopes KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Hot Temperature KW - Volatilization KW - Radioisotopes -- metabolism KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive -- metabolism KW - Minerals -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72294473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Fixation+of+radionuclides+in+soil+and+minerals+by+heating.&rft.au=Spalding%2C+B+P&rft.aulast=Spalding&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=4327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-18 N1 - Date created - 2001-11-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of bacterial surface protonation constants for two species at elevated temperatures AN - 52166936; 2002-002148 AB - This study reports the first potentiometric titrations of bacterial surfaces at elevated temperatures. We used a hydrogen electrode concentration cell to examine the protonation behavior of Bacillus subtilis (an aerobic, gram-positive species present in a wide variety of low-temperature, near-surface environments) at 30, 50, and 75 degrees C. We also investigate the protonation of TOR-39 (an anaerobic, Fe-reducing, thermophylic bacteria isolated from a deep sedimentary basin) at 50 degrees C and compare its surface properties to those of B. subtilis. Using a surface complexation approach that has been previously applied only to room temperature experiments involving bacteria, we determine the number of functional group types present on each cell wall, their acidity constants, and their site concentrations. We also characterize the temperature dependence of the acidity constants for B. subtilis. Our results indicate that the surface acidity can be successfully described using site-specific reactions involving discrete surface functional groups. Our results indicate that the acidity constants for the surface functional groups on B. subtilis do not change significantly over the temperature interval studied, and that the surface protonation at each temperature can be estimated using a single set of acidity constants and site densities. The best fitting model for B. subtilis is a three-site model with pK (sub a) values of 4.1, 5.8, and 7.7. Average site abundances for the three dominant functional groups on B. subtilis were determined to be 9.5.10 (super -5) , 1.0.10 (super -4) , and 8.8.10 (super -5) moles of sites/gm. For TOR-39, the best fitting model was also a 3-site model with pK (sub a) values of 4.5, 5.8 and 8.2, with site abundances of 6.0.10 (super -5) , 5.0.10 (super -5) and 3.0.10 (super -5) . This study suggests that bacterial surface site protonation reactions are not strongly temperature dependent, at least to 75 degrees C. The lack of significant temperature dependence could greatly simplify the task of modeling bacteria-water-rock interactions at elevated temperature. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Wightman, Peter G AU - Fein, Jeremy B AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Benezeth, Pascale AU - Palmer, Donald A Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 3657 EP - 3669 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 65 IS - 21, Special issue SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - Bacillus subtilis KW - titration KW - complexing KW - aqueous solutions KW - protons KW - temperature KW - measurement KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - dissolved materials KW - carbon KW - bacteria KW - organic carbon KW - potentiometry KW - geochemistry KW - Bacillus KW - pH KW - electrons KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52166936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+bacterial+surface+protonation+constants+for+two+species+at+elevated+temperatures&rft.au=Wightman%2C+Peter+G%3BFein%2C+Jeremy+B%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BBenezeth%2C+Pascale%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A&rft.aulast=Wightman&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=21%2C+Special+issue&rft.spage=3657&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2801%2900763-3 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue dedicated to Hal Helgeson N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; Bacillus; Bacillus subtilis; bacteria; carbon; chemical reactions; complexing; dissolved materials; electrons; experimental studies; geochemistry; laboratory studies; measurement; organic carbon; pH; phase equilibria; potentiometry; protons; temperature; titration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00763-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isopiestic determination of the osmotic coefficient of concentrated acidic ferric sulfate aqueous solutions at 298.15 and 323.15 K AN - 52132915; 2002-023747 AB - The oxidation of sulfide minerals can produce acid brines rich in iron(III) and sulfate, with total concentrations reaching 1 and 4 mol_L (super -1) , respectively. The relationships between the activities and concentrations of dissolved species in these concentrated, acidic solutions are unknown. The activity coefficients of iron(III), sulfate, and hydrogen ions can be retrieved from the analysis of the osmotic coefficients of concentrated {yH (sub 2) SO (sub 4) +(1-y)Fe (sub 2) (SO (sub 4) ) (sub 3) } (sub (aq)) solutions, where y is the solute mole fraction of H (sub 2) SO (sub 4) . These data can then be used to model aqueous solutions in equilibrium with highly soluble iron(III) sulfate minerals. We have measured the osmotic coefficients of concentrated {yH (sub 2) SO (sub 4) +(1-y)Fe (sub 2) (SO (sub 4) ) (sub 3) } (sub (aq)) solutions using the isopiestic method. The osmotic coefficients of the reference standards were calculated using the models of Archer (J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 21: 793-829) for NaCl and Clegg et al. (J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 90: 1875-1894) for H (sub 2) SO (sub 4) . Measurements have been made for 34 different values of y ranging from 0.74948 to 0.94682 at 298.15 K and for 18 different values of y, over the same range, at 323.15 K. At 298.15 K, the total molal concentration (m (sub T) or [H (sub 2) SO (sub 4) ] + [Fe (sub 2) (SO (sub 4) ) (sub 3) ]) increased from 0.42221 to 6.71642 mol_kg (super -1) and the stoichiometric ionic strength (I (sub S) ) from 1.94671 to 25.88862 mol_kg (super -1) . At 323.15 K, the m (sub T) ranged from 0.8124305 to 7.236699 mol_kg (super -1) and the I (sub S) from 3.99018 to 28.40216 mol_kg (super -1) . The stoichiometric osmotic coefficients (phi (sub S) ) of the test solutions ranged from 0.47324 to 0.75499 at 298.15 K and from 0.48413 to 0.69933 at 323.15 K. Values of phi (sub S) converged as m (sub T) increased and the solutions became increasingly saturated with respect to ferric sulfate phases. This behavior is to be expected: the solute-solvent interactions of the test solutions become similar as the concentrations increase. The data provided by this study can be modeled using Pitzer's equations to obtain a general expression of the {yH (sub 2) SO (sub 4) + (1-y)Fe (sub 2) (SO (sub 4) ) (sub 3) } (sub (aq)) solution osmotic coefficient as a function of the iron(III), sulfate, and hydrogen ion concentrations. An equation for the activity coefficient for each one of the ionic species in this system can be developed during the fitting and modeling process. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Velazquez, Mariano AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Kettler, Richard M AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 183 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - osmosis KW - models KW - ferric sulfate KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - sulfates KW - oxidation KW - aqueous solutions KW - sulfides KW - ions KW - temperature KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52132915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Isopiestic+determination+of+the+osmotic+coefficient+of+concentrated+acidic+ferric+sulfate+aqueous+solutions+at+298.15+and+323.15+K&rft.au=Velazquez%2C+Mariano%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BKettler%2C+Richard+M%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Velazquez&rft.aufirst=Mariano&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; concentration; experimental studies; ferric sulfate; ions; models; osmosis; oxidation; sulfates; sulfides; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New techniques for nanoanalysis and nanogeology AN - 52081912; 2002-059857 AB - The Local Electrode Atom Probe (LEAP) is a new analytical technique that is capable of performing three-dimensional nanoanalysis with near atomic spatial resolution and high mass resolution. The LEAP is based on the Field Ion Microscope (FIM) and utilizes a rapidly pulsed, localized electric field to evaporate a needle-shaped specimen one atom at a time. The ions are accelerated through an aperture in an accelerating microelectrode. A two-dimensional detector, such as a delay-line detector, collects the ions with single atom sensitivity. Since the LEAP is capable of identifying each atom, the accumulated data allows the three-dimensional reconstruction of the sample's structure and composition at the nanometer scale. The LEAP extends the capabilities of the traditional Atom Probe Field Ion Microscope (APFIM) to semi- and non-conducting materials. Focused ion beam secondary ion mass spectroscopy (FIB-SIMS) is a relatively new analytical technique based upon the Focused Ion Beam (FIB) microscope which uses a finely focused beam of gallium ions from a liquid metal source to sputter the sample. The sputtered ions are collected by a Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer (SIMS) resulting in elemental maps as a function of depth with resolution approaching 20 nm. Focused ion beam secondary ion mass spectroscopy has yet to be widely applied to geological specimens. Compositional changes and phase differences are measurable on small scales with FIB-SIMS, and difficulties due to differential sputtering in conventional SIMS analyses are overcome by sampling at specific depths rather than continuously profiling the sample. The FIB-SIMS provides a bridge between Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) in the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and facilitates the fabrication of samples for LEAP, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS). Initial results of FIM and FIB-SIMS analyses of a metamorphic magnetite sample containing disk-shaped exsolution lamellae approximately 40 nm in diameter, 1-3 nm thick and about 104 platelets/mu m (super 3) will be discussed. The FIB-SIMS cross-sectioning, imaging and chemical analysis of a geomicrobiological sample will also be presented. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Kuhlman, Kimberly R AU - Conrad, Pamela G AU - Kelly, Thomas F AU - Miller, Michael K AU - Evans, Neal D AU - Dunn, Derren N AU - Hull, Robert AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 450 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - ion probe KW - chemical analysis KW - Local Electrode Atom Probe KW - mass spectroscopy KW - applications KW - LEAP KW - spectroscopy KW - instruments KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52081912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=New+techniques+for+nanoanalysis+and+nanogeology&rft.au=Kuhlman%2C+Kimberly+R%3BConrad%2C+Pamela+G%3BKelly%2C+Thomas+F%3BMiller%2C+Michael+K%3BEvans%2C+Neal+D%3BDunn%2C+Derren+N%3BHull%2C+Robert%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kuhlman&rft.aufirst=Kimberly&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; chemical analysis; instruments; ion probe; LEAP; Local Electrode Atom Probe; mass spectroscopy; spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of the rate of "H (sub 2) O" diffusion from 30 to 150 C in obsidian from the Pachuca source, Sierra de Las Navajas, Mexico AN - 52073989; 2002-064129 AB - The importance of the interaction between water and rhyolitic glasses and melts is a well-known problem in the geosciences, dating back at least to the work of Bowen (1913). Archaeological applications begin with the work of Friedman and Smith (1960) who proposed using the width of the hydration rim on obsidian artifacts for chronometry. Most of our understanding of this problem is, however, based on experiments performed at high temperatures. Thus, little useful data is available on the low-temperature diffusive hydration of silicate glasses. We have experimentally hydrated obsidian from the Pachuca source (Basin of Mexico) at temperatures from 30 to 150 C for times ranging from 1 day to over two years. Samples have been analyzed using SIMS to provide concentration/depth data, and the results modeled using a finite-difference approach. Results show that the low-temperature hydration process is qualitatively and quantitatively different from that at higher temperatures. Diffusion profile shapes show the effects of concentration- and stress-dependent, non-Fickian diffusion. Extrapolation of high temperature KD data for hydroxyl groups and molecular water suggests that hydroxyl groups should be essentially non-existent in this temperature range, but their presence is clearly indicated by FTIR. Comparison of total oxygen and hydrogen analyses across the hydration profiles shows that the increase in hydrogen in the rim is not accompanied by a detectable increase in oxygen content. Thus, obsidian hydration appears to be a hydrogenation process--hydrogen, not water, is what appears to enter the glass. With progressive hydration, characteristic diffusion coefficients first decrease, then increase with time. Surface concentration increases with time, but at 75 C< or =T an intermediate plateau is observed in its time evolution. Both of these effects are associated in glassy polymer systems with the build-up and relaxation of self-stress caused by the influx of diffusing material. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Elam, J Michael AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Cole, David R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 238 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - diffusion KW - volcanic rocks KW - glasses KW - Sierra de las Navajas KW - igneous rocks KW - Pachuca Mexico KW - hydration KW - Mexico KW - chemical reactions KW - obsidian KW - chemical composition KW - Hidalgo Mexico KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52073989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Determination+of+the+rate+of+%22H+%28sub+2%29+O%22+diffusion+from+30+to+150+C+in+obsidian+from+the+Pachuca+source%2C+Sierra+de+Las+Navajas%2C+Mexico&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BElam%2C+J+Michael%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=238&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical composition; chemical reactions; diffusion; glasses; Hidalgo Mexico; hydration; igneous rocks; Mexico; obsidian; Pachuca Mexico; Sierra de las Navajas; volcanic rocks; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulfur isotope microanalysis by SIMS; genesis of MVT deposits AN - 52038510; 2003-006336 AB - The Mascot-Jefferson City district zinc deposits are of the Mississippi Valley-type (MVT), hosted by carbonate rocks and dominated by sphalerite mineralization in strata-bound breccia bodies. We have utilized the high spatial resolution of the ion microprobe to obtain in situ sulfur isotopic analyses from discrete growth zones in sphalerite and analyses of associated pyrite. Two types of pyrite were noted: pre-sphalerite, diagenetic pyrite (delta (super 34) S = -16.1 per mil and -20.0 per mil) and syn-sphalerite pyrite that is intergrown with sphalerite (delta (super 34) S = 31.3 per mil to 33.7 per mil). Two textural varieties of sphalerite mineralization (zoned and unzoned) were characterized. Zoned sphalerite has delta (super 34) S values from 27.8 per mil to 51.0 per mil, high Cd contents (up to 0.96 wt. %) and dark areas that are likely due to minute inclusions of organic carbon. The unzoned sphalerite has delta (super 34) S values from 20.2 per mil to 39.5 per mil, high Fe content and no organic inclusions. Regardless of the textural variety of sphalerite mineralization, the sulfur isotopic composition of sphalerite is heterogeneous and can vary by as much as 15 per mil. The delta (super 34) S values recorded in this study are among the heaviest ever reported for MVT sphalerite. The micro-scale delta (super 34) S variations and presence of such high delta (super 34) S values have not been previously documented for east Tennessee. The data presented here suggests multiple sulfur sources and complex precipitation mechanisms, and several possible mechanisms are examined. The most probable scenario involves significant sulfur input from a sulfate- and metal-bearing fluid of variable delta (super 34) S composition mixing with a gas cap containing H (sub 2) S of relatively homogeneous delta (super 34) S composition. The gas cap provided lesser amounts of sulfur to the system. Mixing of two isotopically different sulfur sources of variable proportions can account for the observed microscale variation in delta (super 34) S (sphalerite). JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Peevler, Janna L AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Misra, Kula C AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 337 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - Mascot-Jefferson City mining district KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - eastern Tennessee KW - mass spectra KW - crystal growth KW - stable isotopes KW - sedimentary rocks KW - ore minerals KW - mississippi valley-type deposits KW - Tennessee KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - Knox County Tennessee KW - Jefferson County Tennessee KW - experimental studies KW - isotope ratios KW - host rocks KW - zinc ores KW - sphalerite KW - intergrowths KW - S-34/S-32 KW - diagenesis KW - metal ores KW - sulfur KW - pyrite KW - carbonate rocks KW - sulfides KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52038510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Sulfur+isotope+microanalysis+by+SIMS%3B+genesis+of+MVT+deposits&rft.au=Peevler%2C+Janna+L%3BFayek%2C+Mostafa%3BMisra%2C+Kula+C%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Peevler&rft.aufirst=Janna&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonate rocks; crystal growth; diagenesis; eastern Tennessee; experimental studies; geochemistry; host rocks; intergrowths; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jefferson County Tennessee; Knox County Tennessee; Mascot-Jefferson City mining district; mass spectra; metal ores; mineral deposits, genesis; mississippi valley-type deposits; ore minerals; pyrite; S-34/S-32; sedimentary rocks; spectra; sphalerite; stable isotopes; sulfides; sulfur; Tennessee; United States; zinc ores ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Were Central Andean crustally-derived ore metals assimilated or leached? The example of Potosi AN - 52034707; 2003-006463 AB - Ore lead isotope ratios from the eastern Altiplano and Eastern Cordillera of Bolivia reflect compositions of shallow crustal rocks having high time-integrated U/Pb and Th/Pb. Geochemical and isotopic studies of volcanic rocks from this region also indicate substantial incorporation of continental crust. Lead isotope ratios of Eastern Cordillera polymetallic deposits, including the giant Potosi Ag-Sn deposit, generally increase with decreasing deposit age. This variation has been interpreted to reflect the episodic extraction of ore metals from an evolving, fairly homogeneous source, thought to be the thick Paleozoic shale-dominated sedimentary sequence which immediately underlies Potosi and many other deposits in this region. A few published whole-rock lead isotope measurements of Ordovician-Silurian shales have supported this idea, with ratios near those of mid-to-late Tertiary ores. Whether metals were incorporated from the Paleozoic rocks by magmatic assimilation or by hydrothermal leaching has been an open question. Powders of the Paleozoic sedimentary rocks were leached using 0.5N HCl and 15% NaCl at 200 degrees C. Lead isotope ratios of whole-rock powders, leachates and some residua were compared with each other, and with those of ores from the Eastern Cordillera. Whole-rock lead isotope data for the Paleozoic sedimentary rocks resemble the few published values and the compositions of mid-to-late Cenozoic ores, which have (super 206) Pb/ (super 204) Pb>18.55. Lead isotope ratios of NaCl and HCl leachates from individual samples are very similar, often within error of each other. Both leachate types contain less radiogenic lead than the whole-rock powders, with (super 206) Pb/ (super 204) Pb ranging from 18.131 to 18.623. Leachates also have much lower mu than the whole rock samples, and leaching of black shale samples resulted in scavenging of blank-level U by the residue. Leachates of samples of the Paleozoic sedimentary section in the Bolivian Eastern Cordillera have lead isotope ratios which appear to rule out leaching as a significant source of metal in late Cenozoic ores, including Potosi. Incorporation of ore lead from the Paleozoic rocks probably occurred by magmatic assimilation. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Macfarlane, Andrew W AU - Kamenov, George AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 359 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - lead KW - metasomatism KW - stable isotopes KW - Bolivia KW - assimilation KW - Ordovician KW - sedimentary rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Potosi Bolivia KW - leachate KW - Central Andes KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - geochemistry KW - Altiplano KW - Andes KW - experimental studies KW - Eastern Cordillera KW - shale KW - Pb-206/Pb-204 KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - powder method KW - Silurian KW - case studies KW - South America KW - metals KW - magmas KW - metal ores KW - massive deposits KW - leaching KW - clastic rocks KW - crust KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52034707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Were+Central+Andean+crustally-derived+ore+metals+assimilated+or+leached%3F+The+example+of+Potosi&rft.au=Macfarlane%2C+Andrew+W%3BKamenov%2C+George%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Macfarlane&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Altiplano; Andes; assimilation; Bolivia; case studies; Central Andes; clastic rocks; crust; Eastern Cordillera; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydrothermal alteration; igneous rocks; isotope ratios; isotopes; leachate; leaching; lead; magmas; massive deposits; metal ores; metals; metasomatism; mineral deposits, genesis; Ordovician; Paleozoic; Pb-206/Pb-204; Potosi Bolivia; powder method; radioactive isotopes; sedimentary rocks; shale; Silurian; South America; stable isotopes; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Karst pathway delineation using combined spatial and geophysical analysis at Camp Crowder, Missouri AN - 51888726; 2004-015191 AB - Camp Crowder, a Missouri Army National Guard training facility located south of Neosho, Missouri, is part of the Pool's Prairie NPL site. DNAPL contamination found within the soil and groundwater is suspected of migrating off-post through conduit and fracture systems that have developed within the underlying karst bedrock. Dye tracer studies have confirmed groundwater movement towards the contaminated wells, though the actual route of migration is not known. The overburden is dominantly a cherty residuum, through which the surface water and contaminants percolate into the underlying karst aquifer. An integrated approach using photo-geologic analysis, airborne electromagnetic surveys, seismic profiling, and two-dimensional electrical resistivity imaging (2D-ERI) was conducted to map subsurface changes associated with this complex karst system. Surface based geophysical surveys were able to map the character of the overburden and underlying bedrock. Seismic refraction data proved best in resolving the top of the competent bedrock (below the weathering layer), whereas the resistivity data imaged the top of the weathered horizon (transition from low-to-high resistivity) and coarser grained intervals within the overburden. In many instances, lineaments interpreted from aerial photographs coincide with disruptions observed in the ground-based geophysics. Interpretation of the surface geophysical data suggests that a mantle of friable, heavily fractured, and/or weathered rock overlies the competent bedrock and may act as a zone for contaminant storage, and for migration over short distances. Airborne multi-frequency electromagnetic mapping provided a regional view of the site. Conductivity inversion of the data correlated well with the surface geophysical data and indicated that the mantle of friable material extended farther than originally anticipated. This extension brought potential contaminant pathways into contact with several additional lineaments. Derived bedrock topography indicates that the contaminant source area is situated on a transition zone between deep and shallow residuum, with paths and pools leading in several directions. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Gamey, T J AU - Thompson, M AU - Mandell, W AU - Frano, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 132 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Newton County Missouri KW - geophysical surveys KW - Missouri KW - karst hydrology KW - Neosho Missouri KW - mapping KW - karst KW - fracturing KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - refraction methods KW - ground water KW - spatial distribution KW - electromagnetic methods KW - tectonics KW - Pool's Prairie Site KW - soils KW - overburden KW - lineaments KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - structural controls KW - pollution KW - inverse problem KW - resistivity KW - two-dimensional models KW - seismic methods KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - surveys KW - Camp Crowder Missouri KW - military facilities KW - airborne methods KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51888726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Karst+pathway+delineation+using+combined+spatial+and+geophysical+analysis+at+Camp+Crowder%2C+Missouri&rft.au=Gamey%2C+T+J%3BThompson%2C+M%3BMandell%2C+W%3BFrano%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gamey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; aquifers; Camp Crowder Missouri; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; electromagnetic methods; fracturing; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; inverse problem; karst; karst hydrology; lineaments; mapping; military facilities; Missouri; Neosho Missouri; Newton County Missouri; nonaqueous phase liquids; overburden; pollutants; pollution; Pool's Prairie Site; refraction methods; resistivity; seismic methods; soils; spatial distribution; structural controls; surveys; tectonics; three-dimensional models; two-dimensional models; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multidisciplinary paleoanthropological excavations in the Rancah District of West Java; report from 1999 field season AN - 51140134; 2005-017700 AB - During the summer of 1999, our team conducted field excavations and surveys in the Rancah district of West Java, Indonesia. At two sites along the Cipasang and Cisanca Rivers, our team excavated approximately 50 m2 of deposit to a depth of 7 m. We recovered numerous large vertebrate fossils from both excavations and surface surveys of the surrounding areas. Identification of these faunal elements is currently underway. At Cipasang, we exposed and sampled three airfall tuffs that are being dated by laser (super 40) Ar/ (super 39) Ar methods. At Cisanca, we recovered bovid teeth that we are subjecting to ESR analyses. Our most significant discovery was a hominid incisor found in situ, 353 cm below the surface at Cisanca (designated RI-11: "Rancah Hominid 1"). This is the first fossil hominid recovered from West Java and one of the very few Indonesian hominids to be produced as the result of a controlled excavation. We are attempting to ascertain the age of the hominid tooth by the following methods. First, the ESR dates derived from the underlying bovid teeth should provide a maximum age. Secondly, stratigraphic correlations between Cisanca and Cipasang are being investigated by neutron activation (NAA), electron microprobe and optical analyses. Finally, paleoenvironmental correlations of the two layers are being evaluated palynologically. The success of this project encourages us that future fieldwork in the area may reveal the timing of Southeast Asian hominid origins. JF - Publikasi Khusus - Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Geologi = Special Publication - Geological Research and Development Centre AU - Kramer, Andrew AU - Weinand, Daniel C AU - Djubiantono, Tony AU - Aziz, Fachroel AU - Hames, Willis E AU - Elam, J Michael AU - Bogard, James S AU - Weeks, Robert A AU - Sumarinda, Iman AU - Agus AU - Durband, Arthur C A2 - Sudijono A2 - Aziz, Fachroel Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 67 EP - 79 PB - Direktorat Geologi, Direktorat Jenderal Pertambangan, Departement Pertabangan, Bandung VL - 27 SN - 0852-873X, 0852-873X KW - Diapsida KW - Far East KW - Indonesia KW - Ceratomorpha KW - Crocodylidae KW - excavations KW - Java KW - Theria KW - anatomy KW - obsidian KW - absolute age KW - Eutheria KW - Asia KW - Chordata KW - archaeology KW - Rhinoceros KW - Rancah Indonesia KW - Quaternary KW - Mammalia KW - teeth KW - Primates KW - Reptilia KW - Crocodilia KW - Rhinocerotidae KW - archaeological sites KW - palynomorphs KW - Tetrapoda KW - field studies KW - lithostratigraphy KW - neutron activation analysis data KW - volcanic rocks KW - glasses KW - igneous rocks KW - ecosystems KW - artifacts KW - Cenozoic KW - Archosauria KW - Eusuchia KW - dates KW - sediments KW - tuff KW - spectra KW - EPR spectra KW - Ar/Ar KW - Perissodactyla KW - Hominidae KW - morphology KW - pyroclastics KW - paleoenvironment KW - Cisanca River KW - Cipasang River KW - Vertebrata KW - microfossils KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 11:Vertebrate paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51140134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Publikasi+Khusus+-+Pusat+Penelitian+dan+Pengembangan+Geologi+%3D+Special+Publication+-+Geological+Research+and+Development+Centre&rft.atitle=Multidisciplinary+paleoanthropological+excavations+in+the+Rancah+District+of+West+Java%3B+report+from+1999+field+season&rft.au=Kramer%2C+Andrew%3BWeinand%2C+Daniel+C%3BDjubiantono%2C+Tony%3BAziz%2C+Fachroel%3BHames%2C+Willis+E%3BElam%2C+J+Michael%3BBogard%2C+James+S%3BWeeks%2C+Robert+A%3BSumarinda%2C+Iman%3BAgus%3BDurband%2C+Arthur+C&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Publikasi+Khusus+-+Pusat+Penelitian+dan+Pengembangan+Geologi+%3D+Special+Publication+-+Geological+Research+and+Development+Centre&rft.issn=0852873X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International symposium on Geological museum N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; anatomy; Ar/Ar; archaeological sites; archaeology; Archosauria; artifacts; Asia; Cenozoic; Ceratomorpha; Chordata; Cipasang River; Cisanca River; Crocodilia; Crocodylidae; dates; Diapsida; ecosystems; EPR spectra; Eusuchia; Eutheria; excavations; Far East; field studies; glasses; Hominidae; igneous rocks; Indonesia; Java; lithostratigraphy; Mammalia; microfossils; morphology; neutron activation analysis data; obsidian; paleoenvironment; palynomorphs; Perissodactyla; Primates; pyroclastics; Quaternary; Rancah Indonesia; Reptilia; Rhinoceros; Rhinocerotidae; sediments; spectra; teeth; Tetrapoda; Theria; tuff; Vertebrata; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - UPTAKE OF INORGANIC CHEMICALS FROM SOIL BY PLANT LEAVES: REGRESSIONS OF FIELD DATA AN - 20106484; 7290765 AB - The estimation of chemical concentrations in wildlife foods, such as plant foliage, is often performed for risk assessments at contaminated sites. Regression models and uptake factors for use in estimating the uptake of inorganic elements from soil by above-ground plant tissues were derived in this study. These included models for arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, selenium, and zinc. Models were developed using published data from soil contaminated in the field and were validated using measured concentrations from two contaminated sites. Single-variable regression models of log-transformed concentrations in plants versus log-transformed concentrations in soil are generally recommended over simple uptake factors for use in estimating plant uptake of inorganic contaminants in ecological risk assessments. Multiple regression models with soil concentration and pH as the variables are also recommended for estimating the uptake of four chemicals (cadmium, mercury, selenium, and zinc) by plants. Models for use in screening risk assessments, i.e., the upper 95% prediction limits on the regressions, are recommended to provide conservative estimates of uptake of inorganic chemicals by plants. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Efroymson, Rebecca A AU - Sample, Bradley E AU - Suter II, Glenn W AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 2561 EP - 2571 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. PO Box 1897 Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 20 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Plant uptake KW - Exposure KW - Metal KW - Ecological risk assessment KW - Chemicals KW - Risk assessment KW - Foliage KW - Nickel KW - Copper KW - Lead KW - Soil KW - Selenium KW - foliage KW - Zinc KW - cadmium KW - Regression analysis KW - Cadmium KW - pH effects KW - Arsenic KW - Data processing KW - Wildlife KW - arsenic KW - Leaves KW - Soil contamination KW - Food plants KW - Soil pollution KW - Mercury KW - Contaminants KW - D 04070:Pollution KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - X 24360:Metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20106484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=UPTAKE+OF+INORGANIC+CHEMICALS+FROM+SOIL+BY+PLANT+LEAVES%3A+REGRESSIONS+OF+FIELD+DATA&rft.au=Efroymson%2C+Rebecca+A%3BSample%2C+Bradley+E%3BSuter+II%2C+Glenn+W&rft.aulast=Efroymson&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2561&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/10.1897%2F1551-5028%282001%290202.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Foliage; Arsenic; Data processing; Wildlife; Nickel; Leaves; Copper; Food plants; Lead; Soil; Soil pollution; Selenium; Zinc; Regression analysis; Mercury; Cadmium; Contaminants; pH effects; Chemicals; arsenic; Soil contamination; foliage; cadmium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(2001)020<2561:UOICFS>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy futures for the US transport sector AN - 18271090; 5329442 AB - This paper explores how advanced transportation technologies and alternative fuels, together with policies aimed at reducing greenhouse emissions and energy use, can help address the energy challenges facing the US transportation system over the coming decades. Three scenarios of future transportation energy use are constructed to represent alternative views of the urgency with which the federal government and the American people will view these challenges, and the policy interventions they will seek. The analysis concludes, first, that US transportation energy use and greenhouse emissions will increase virtually unchecked without policy intervention or unforeseen large, long-lasting fuel price increases, and second, that policies that stimulate technology development and deployment can substantially slow this growth--though not without a considerable time lag due to the slow turnover of the vehicle fleet and limits on the rate of technology development and deployment. JF - Energy Policy AU - Greene, D L AU - Plotkin, SE AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Transportation Research Center, 2360 Cherahala Boulevard, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932 USA, dlgreene@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 1255 EP - 1270 VL - 29 IS - 14 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Government policies KW - Sustainable development KW - Emission control KW - USA KW - Transportation KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Technology KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18271090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Energy+futures+for+the+US+transport+sector&rft.au=Greene%2C+D+L%3BPlotkin%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Sustainable development; Technology; Transportation; Energy efficiency; Emission control; Greenhouse gases; Government policies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scenarios for a clean energy future AN - 18270698; 5329437 AB - This paper summarizes the results of a study--Scenarios for a Clean Energy Future--that assess how energy-efficient and clean energy technologies can address key energy and environmental challenges facing the US. A particular focus of this study is the energy, environmental, and economic impacts of different public policies and programs. Hundreds of technologies and approximately 50 policies are analyzed. The study concludes that policies exist that can significantly reduce oil dependence, air pollution, carbon emissions, and inefficiencies in energy production and end-use systems at essentially no net cost to the US economy. The most advanced scenario finds that by the year 2010, the US could bring its carbon dioxide emissions three-quarters of the way back to 1990 levels. The study also concludes that over time energy bill savings in these scenarios can pay for the investments needed to achieve these reductions in energy use and associated greenhouse gas emissions. JF - Energy Policy AU - Brown, MA AU - Levine, MD AU - Short, W AU - Koomey, J G AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Program, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6186, USA, brownma@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 1179 EP - 1196 VL - 29 IS - 14 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Government policies KW - Emission control KW - USA KW - Economics KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18270698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Scenarios+for+a+clean+energy+future&rft.au=Brown%2C+MA%3BLevine%2C+MD%3BShort%2C+W%3BKoomey%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide; Emission control; Energy efficiency; Economics; Government policies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Market failures and barriers as a basis for clean energy policies AN - 18270619; 5329438 AB - This paper provides compelling evidence that large-scale market failures and barriers prevent consumers in the United States from obtaining energy services at least cost. Assessments of numerous energy policies and programs suggest that public interventions can overcome many of these market obstacles. By articulating these barriers and reviewing the literature on ways of addressing them, this paper provides a strong justification for the policy portfolios that define the "Scenarios for a Clean Energy Future," a study conducted by five National Laboratories. These scenarios are described in other papers published in this special issue of Energy Policy. JF - Energy Policy AU - Brown, MA AD - Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6186 USA, brownma@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 1197 EP - 1207 VL - 29 IS - 14 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - USA KW - Government policies KW - Economics KW - Energy consumption KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18270619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Market+failures+and+barriers+as+a+basis+for+clean+energy+policies&rft.au=Brown%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Energy consumption; Economics; Government policies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electricity sector analysis in the clean energy futures study AN - 18268912; 5329444 AB - This paper examines the impact of policies to reduce carbon and other air emissions in the electric sector. The analysis is from a recent scenario development effort, Scenarios for a Clean Energy Future (CEF), by five National Laboratories. The CEF assesses how policies can be used to promote energy-efficient and clean energy technologies to address key energy and environmental challenges facing the United States. The impact of policies in the electric sector is evaluated using the CEF-NEMS model, which is derived from the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) model developed by the DOE Energy Information Administration. The analysis shows that by 2020 under the policies analyzed, CO sub(2) and other emissions can be substantially reduced by moving from coal to advanced gas combined cycle systems and renewable energy. Prices show little change and may drop due to decreased enduse demands. JF - Energy Policy AU - Hadley, S W AU - Short, W AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN, USA, hadleysw@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 1285 EP - 1298 VL - 29 IS - 14 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Government policies KW - Sustainable development KW - Emission control KW - USA KW - Carbon KW - Renewable energy KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18268912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Electricity+sector+analysis+in+the+clean+energy+futures+study&rft.au=Hadley%2C+S+W%3BShort%2C+W&rft.aulast=Hadley&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Renewable energy; Carbon; Emission control; Sustainable development; Government policies; Energy efficiency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the potential impacts of land use change policies on automobile vehicle miles of travel AN - 18268784; 5329443 AB - Recent US traffic growth is summarized and its causes discussed, emphasizing the complex causal linkages between automobile travel and the underlying land use patterns that shape it. This causal framework is used to frame a discussion of how the demands for vehicle travel might be reduced through suitable land use impacting policy instruments. This includes instruments that alter the location, mix and intensity of traffic generating and attracting land use, as well as instruments that affect land development through the supply of added transportation capacity. The existing scientific evidence for the effects of land development patterns on aggregate vehicle miles of travel is found to be of limited use at the present time. For the most part this results from past data limitations and because of the variety of both spatial and temporal scales across which such data needs to be collected and analyzed. It is also concluded that successful travel reduction policies are likely to evolve as part of a broader public policy debate over quality of life issues, notably those involving "urban sprawl" and the balance of economic development against environmental sustainability. The full costs of expanding while also maintaining the current automobile dominated transportation infrastructure may also provide an economic rationale for change. JF - Energy Policy AU - Southworth, F AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Center for Transportation Analysis, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Program, PO Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Building 4500N, MS-6186, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6186 USA, sou@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 1271 EP - 1283 VL - 29 IS - 14 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Government policies KW - Environmental impact KW - Sustainable development KW - Land use KW - Transportation KW - Urban areas KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18268784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=On+the+potential+impacts+of+land+use+change+policies+on+automobile+vehicle+miles+of+travel&rft.au=Southworth%2C+F&rft.aulast=Southworth&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Government policies; Sustainable development; Urban areas; Land use; Environmental impact; Transportation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inter-biome comparison of factors controlling stream metabolism AN - 18186160; 5215288 AB - We studied whole-ecosystem metabolism in eight streams from several biomes in North America to identify controls on the rate of stream metabolism over a large geographic range. The streams studied had climates ranging from tropical to cool-temperate and from humid to arid and were all relatively uninfluenced by human disturbances. Rates of gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (R) and net ecosystem production (NEP) were determined using the open-system, two-station diurnal oxygen change method. Three general patterns in metabolism were evident among streams: (1) relatively high GPP with positive NEP (i. e. net oxygen production) in early afternoon, (2) moderate primary production with a distinct peak in GPP during daylight but negative NEP at all times and (3) little or no evidence of GPP during daylight and a relatively constant and negative NEP over the entire day. Gross primary production was most strongly correlated with photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). A multiple regression model that included log PAR and stream water soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentration explained 90% of the variation in log GPP. Ecosystem respiration was significantly correlated with SRP concentration and size of the transient storage zone and, together, these factors explained 73% of the variation in R. The rate of R was poorly correlated with the rate of GPP. Net ecosystem production was significantly correlated only with PAR, with 53% of the variation in log NEP explained by log PAR. Only Sycamore Creek, a desert stream in Arizona, had positive NEP (GPP: R > 1), supporting the idea that streams are generally net sinks rather than net sources of organic matter. Our results suggest that light, phosphorus concentration and channel hydraulics are important controls on the rate of ecosystem metabolism in streams over very extensive geographic areas. JF - Freshwater Biology AU - Mulholland, P J AU - Fellows, C S AU - Tank, J L AU - Grimm, N B AU - Webster, J R AU - Hamilton, S K AU - Marti, E AU - Ashkenas, L AU - Bowden, W B AU - Dodds, W K AU - Mcdowell, W H AU - Paul, MJ AU - Peterson, B J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, U.S.A., mulhollandpj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 1503 EP - 1517 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 46 IS - 11 SN - 0046-5070, 0046-5070 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - North America KW - Biomes KW - Ecosystems KW - Photosynthesis KW - Primary Productivity KW - Climate KW - Water Quality KW - Streams (in natural channels) KW - Streams KW - Primary production KW - Ecology KW - Productivity KW - Water quality (Natural waters) KW - Metabolism KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18186160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Freshwater+Biology&rft.atitle=Inter-biome+comparison+of+factors+controlling+stream+metabolism&rft.au=Mulholland%2C+P+J%3BFellows%2C+C+S%3BTank%2C+J+L%3BGrimm%2C+N+B%3BWebster%2C+J+R%3BHamilton%2C+S+K%3BMarti%2C+E%3BAshkenas%2C+L%3BBowden%2C+W+B%3BDodds%2C+W+K%3BMcdowell%2C+W+H%3BPaul%2C+MJ%3BPeterson%2C+B+J&rft.aulast=Mulholland&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Freshwater+Biology&rft.issn=00465070&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2427.2001.00773.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Photosynthesis; Primary production; Streams; Ecology; Biomes; Climate; Productivity; Streams (in natural channels); Metabolism; Water quality (Natural waters); Ecosystems; Primary Productivity; Water Quality; North America DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2001.00773.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatiotemporal variability in stream chemistry in a high-elevation catchment affected by mine drainage AN - 18178143; 5207918 AB - This study examined solute dynamics on both spatial and temporal (seasonal, 24 h) scales in a high-elevation stream affected by drainage from abandoned metal mines. Peru Creek is located along the Continental Divide in the US Rocky Mountains, and the hydrologic cycle is dominated by melting of snow. Spatially, tributary inflows produced order-of-magnitude concentration changes along Peru Creek; these were due to dilution and concentration, and also to precipitation of solids. Seasonally, the concentration of most solutes increased as snowmelt diminished. Concentrations of Al, Fe, Cu and Zn, at times affected by instream processes, increased the most, by factors of 2.1-12.8. Ca, Mg, and SO super(2) sub(4) super(-), which approximated conservative behavior, increased by factors of 1.7-2.2. Si, Na and K, which were unaffected by mine drainage, increased less, by factors of 1.1-1.6. Concentrations of NO super(-) sub(3) decreased slightly during the snowmelt season. Hydrologic, photochemical and biological processes were active on the 24 h timescale and produced daily concentration variations of up to 40%. Accurate predictions of solute concentrations, which rely on knowledge of processes that produce natural cycling, are crucial in developing models of toxicity and pollutant loading. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Sullivan, AB AU - Drever, JI AD - Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036 USA, sullivanab@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/10/31/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Oct 31 SP - 237 EP - 250 VL - 252 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - USA, Rocky Mts. KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Photochemistry KW - Seasonal Variations KW - Chemistry KW - Precipitation (Atmospheric) KW - Heavy metals KW - Mine drainage KW - Chemical Analysis KW - USA, Colorado, Peru Creek KW - Water resources KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Streams KW - Mountains KW - Solutes KW - Catchment areas KW - Hydrology KW - Seasonal variations KW - Mine Drainage KW - Temporal Distribution KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Toxicity KW - Streams (in natural channels) KW - Mining waste waters KW - Snowmelt KW - Catchments KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18178143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Spatiotemporal+variability+in+stream+chemistry+in+a+high-elevation+catchment+affected+by+mine+drainage&rft.au=Sullivan%2C+AB%3BDrever%2C+JI&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=2001-10-31&rft.volume=252&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mountains; Photochemistry; Mine drainage; Catchments; Hydrology; Toxicity; Seasonal variations; Streams; Freshwater pollution; Chemistry; Precipitation (Atmospheric); Heavy metals; Catchment areas; Water resources; Streams (in natural channels); Mining waste waters; Solutes; Seasonal Variations; Biogeochemistry; Snowmelt; Chemical Analysis; Spatial Distribution; Temporal Distribution; Mine Drainage; USA, Colorado, Peru Creek ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proposed revision of the ICRP model for inhaled mercury vapor. AN - 71185834; 11569640 AB - A critical review of the literature on the biokinetics of inhaled mercury vapor was performed as part of an accident analysis for the Spallation Neutron Source to be built at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. It was concluded that current models for inhaled mercury vapor do not accurately describe the distribution or residence time of mercury deposited in the respiratory tract. This paper proposes a model that is more consistent with collective information on the fate of inhaled mercury vapor in laboratory animals and human subjects. Compared with the model currently recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), the proposed model predicts lower deposition in the bronchi and bronchioles, greater deposition in the alveolar-interstitial region, and a different pattern of absorption to blood. The proposed model yields substantially reduced estimates of lung dose and effective dose for most radioisotopes of mercury inhaled as mercury vapor. JF - Health physics AU - Leggett, R W AU - Munro, N B AU - Eckerman, K F AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831, USA. rwl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 450 EP - 455 VL - 81 IS - 4 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Mercury Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Inhalation KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Kidney -- physiology KW - Volatilization KW - International Agencies KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Animals, Laboratory KW - Respiratory System -- metabolism KW - Mercury -- pharmacokinetics KW - Models, Biological KW - Radiation Protection -- standards KW - Mercury Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71185834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Proposed+revision+of+the+ICRP+model+for+inhaled+mercury+vapor.&rft.au=Leggett%2C+R+W%3BMunro%2C+N+B%3BEckerman%2C+K+F&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-11 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidative dissolution of metacinnabar (beta -HgS) by dissolved oxygen AN - 52194356; 2001-065526 AB - The oxidative dissolution rate of metacinnabar by dissolved O (sub 2) was measured at pH approximately 5 in batch and column reactors. In the batch reactors, the dissolution rate varied from 3.15 (+ or -0.40) to 5.87 (+ or -0.39) X 10 (super -2) mu mol/m (super 2) /day (I = 0.01 M, 23 degrees C) and increased with stirring speed, a characteristic normally associated with a transport-controlled reaction. However, theoretical calculations, a measured activation energy of 77 (+ or -8) kJ/mol (I = 0.01 M), and the mineral dissolution literature indicate reaction rates this slow are unlikely to be transport controlled. This phenomenon was attributed to the tendency of the hydrophobic source powder to aggregate and minimize the effective outer surface area. However, in a column experiment, the steady-state dissolution rate ranged from 1.34 (+ or -0.11) to 2.27 (+ or -0.11)X10 (super -2) mu mol/m (super 2) /day (I = 0.01 M, 23 degrees C) and was also influenced by flow rate, suggesting hydrodynamic conditions may influence weathering rates observed in the field. The rate of Hg release to solution, under a range of hydrogeochemical conditions that more closely approximated those in the subsurface, was 1 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than the dissolution rate due to the adsorption of released Hg(II) to the metacinnabar surface. The measured dissolution rates under all conditions were slow compared to the dissolution rates of minerals typically considered stable in the environment, and the adsorption of Hg(II) to the metacinnabar surface further lowered the Hg release rate. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Barnett, Mark O AU - Turner, Ralph R AU - Singer, Philip C Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 1499 EP - 1512 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 16 IS - 13 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - experimental studies KW - metacinnabar KW - oxygen KW - oxidation KW - surface water KW - rates KW - adsorption KW - solution KW - hydrochemistry KW - activation energy KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - isotherms KW - dissolved materials KW - steady-state processes KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52194356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Oxidative+dissolution+of+metacinnabar+%28beta+-HgS%29+by+dissolved+oxygen&rft.au=Barnett%2C+Mark+O%3BTurner%2C+Ralph+R%3BSinger%2C+Philip+C&rft.aulast=Barnett&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=1499&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0883-2927%2801%2900026-9 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activation energy; adsorption; chemical reactions; dissolved materials; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; isotherms; metacinnabar; oxidation; oxygen; pH; rates; solution; steady-state processes; sulfides; surface water; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(01)00026-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diffusion of C and O in calcite from 0.1 to 200 MPA AN - 51886692; 2004-015108 AB - We have determined the self diffusion of C and O in calcite over the temperature range of 600-800 degrees C at pressures ranging from 0.1 to 200 MPa. Single crystals of calcite were heated in cold-seal hydrothermal vessels for periods ranging from 7 to 147 d. The crystals were encapsulated in platinum with (super 13) C (super 18) O (sub 2) . After heating, we measured the profiles of (super 13) C/( (super 13) C+ (super 12) C) and (super 18) O/( (super 18) O+ (super 16) O) by sputtering the sample in the SIMS ion microprobe. In most samples, diffusion profiles were limited to within 1 mu m of the surface. The diffusivity of O at 800 degrees C changes little over the investigated pressure range and has a value of approximately 10 (super -14) cm (super 2) /s. At pressures greater than approximately 25 MPa and at 800 degrees C, the diffusivity of C decreases slightly with increasing pressure, decreasing from 3X10 (super -16) cm (super 2) /s at 25 MPa to 6X10 (super -17) cm (super 2) /s at 200 MPa. The value of [(log D (sub C) )/p] (sub 800) degrees C is -0.004 log (cm (super 2) /s)/MPa. At low pressure, the diffusivity of C at 800 degrees C is substantially greater than at high pressure. At 0.1 MPa and 800 degrees C, the diffusivity of C is comparable to that of O. The measured C diffusion profiles at low pressure, though, are complex in detail, as seen in the figure. Carbon seems to undergo a change in mechanism of diffusion at a pressure corresponding to near surface environments. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Labotka, Theodore C AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Cole, David R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 86 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - terrestrial environment KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - mechanism KW - mass spectra KW - platinum group KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - carbon KW - spectra KW - diffusion KW - pressure KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - O-18/O-16 KW - low pressure KW - high pressure KW - calcite KW - single-crystal method KW - platinum KW - metals KW - O-18 KW - C-13 KW - carbonates KW - high temperature KW - geophysics KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51886692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Diffusion+of+C+and+O+in+calcite+from+0.1+to+200+MPA&rft.au=Labotka%2C+Theodore+C%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BFayek%2C+Mostafa%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Labotka&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=86&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13; C-13/C-12; calcite; carbon; carbonates; diffusion; geophysics; high pressure; high temperature; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; low pressure; mass spectra; mechanism; metals; O-18; O-18/O-16; oxygen; platinum; platinum group; pressure; single-crystal method; spectra; stable isotopes; temperature; terrestrial environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The composition of Tertiary sea water AN - 51885988; 2004-015154 AB - The composition of fluid inclusions in halite in four Tertiary and one Cretaceous marine evaporite shows that the Mg concentration of sea water increased from 32 mmol/kg sw to its present value of 53 mmol/kg sw during the past 60 m.y. They also show that mK (super +) was essentially constant at 10 mmol and that mMg (super +2) +mCa (super +2) approximately mSO (sub 4) (super -2) +35 mmol during this period. The values of mCa (super +2) and mSO (sub 4) (super -2) can be deconvolved if the product mCa (super +2) *mSO (sub 4) (super -2) is assumed to have been constant during the Tertiary. Although absolute constancy of this product is unlikely, the assumption leads to a mMg (super +2) /mCa (super +2) ratio in early Tertiary sea water that is consistent with the estimated value at the transition of aragonite to calcite seas and with an estimate of the mMg (super +2) /mCa (super +2) ratio in sea water based on the Mg content of the foraminifer O. umbonatus (Lear, Elderfield and Wilson, 2000). JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zimmermann, Heide AU - Holland, Heinrich D AU - Horita, Juske AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 93 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - halides KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - benthic taxa KW - Cretaceous KW - halogens KW - paleo-oceanography KW - Foraminifera KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chloride ion KW - inclusions KW - chlorides KW - Invertebrata KW - Oridorsalis umbonatus KW - geochemistry KW - chlorine KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - sulfate ion KW - Protista KW - aragonite KW - global KW - alkali metals KW - sodium KW - hydrochemistry KW - evaporites KW - Mesozoic KW - halite KW - calcite KW - Tertiary KW - metals KW - potassium KW - fluid inclusions KW - carbonates KW - microfossils KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51885988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+composition+of+Tertiary+sea+water&rft.au=Zimmermann%2C+Heide%3BHolland%2C+Heinrich+D%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zimmermann&rft.aufirst=Heide&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; aragonite; benthic taxa; calcite; calcium; carbonates; Cenozoic; chemically precipitated rocks; chloride ion; chlorides; chlorine; concentration; Cretaceous; evaporites; fluid inclusions; Foraminifera; geochemistry; global; halides; halite; halogens; hydrochemistry; inclusions; Invertebrata; magnesium; Mesozoic; metals; microfossils; Oridorsalis umbonatus; paleo-oceanography; potassium; Protista; sedimentary rocks; sodium; sulfate ion; Tertiary ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring and verifying changes of organic carbon in soil AN - 51709324; 2005-045230 JF - Climatic Change AU - Post, W M AU - Izaurralde, Roberto Cesar AU - Mann, L K AU - Bliss, N A2 - Rosenberg, Norman J. A2 - Izaurralde, Roberto Cesar Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 73 EP - 99 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - United States KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - sequestration KW - agriculture KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - measurement KW - geochemical cycle KW - environmental management KW - planning KW - conservation KW - regional KW - carbon KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - land use KW - storage KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51709324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Monitoring+and+verifying+changes+of+organic+carbon+in+soil&rft.au=Post%2C+W+M%3BIzaurralde%2C+Roberto+Cesar%3BMann%2C+L+K%3BBliss%2C+N&rft.aulast=Post&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 85 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; carbon; carbon cycle; conservation; ecosystems; environmental management; geochemical cycle; land use; measurement; monitoring; organic carbon; planning; regional; sequestration; soils; storage; United States; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Science needs and new technology for increasing soil carbon sequestration AN - 51707190; 2005-045228 JF - Climatic Change AU - Metting, F Blaine AU - Smith, Jeffrey L AU - Amthor, Jeffrey S AU - Izaurralde, Roberto Cesar A2 - Rosenberg, Norman J. A2 - Izaurralde, Roberto Cesar Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 11 EP - 34 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - soils KW - technology KW - sequestration KW - human activity KW - global KW - techniques KW - ecosystems KW - climate change KW - environmental management KW - conservation KW - carbon KW - ecology KW - land use KW - energy KW - storage KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51707190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Science+needs+and+new+technology+for+increasing+soil+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Metting%2C+F+Blaine%3BSmith%2C+Jeffrey+L%3BAmthor%2C+Jeffrey+S%3BIzaurralde%2C+Roberto+Cesar&rft.aulast=Metting&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Document feature - 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; climate change; conservation; ecology; ecosystems; energy; environmental management; global; human activity; land use; sequestration; soils; storage; techniques; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil carbon; policy and economics AN - 51706642; 2005-045231 JF - Climatic Change AU - Marland, Gregg AU - McCarl, Bruce A AU - Schneider, Uwe A2 - Rosenberg, Norman J. A2 - Izaurralde, Roberto Cesar Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 101 EP - 117 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - sequestration KW - global KW - agriculture KW - cost KW - climate change KW - geochemical cycle KW - conservation KW - carbon cycle KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51706642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Soil+carbon%3B+policy+and+economics&rft.au=Marland%2C+Gregg%3BMcCarl%2C+Bruce+A%3BSchneider%2C+Uwe&rft.aulast=Marland&rft.aufirst=Gregg&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; carbon cycle; climate change; conservation; cost; geochemical cycle; global; land use; monitoring; sequestration; soil management; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prospects of Inspection and Maintenance of Two-Wheelers in India AN - 20626133; 5274174 AB - Two-wheeler vehicles in Delhi, India - roughly 70% of the total vehicle fleet - are responsible for a significant portion of the city's vehicle emissions and petroleum consumption. An inspection and maintenance (I/M) program that ensures vehicle emission control systems are well maintained can complement other emission reduction strategies. This paper presents the initial findings of extensive data collected on vehicle characteristics and emissions for two-wheeler vehicles operating in Delhi in a series of I/M camps conducted by the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers and various partners in late 1999. The analysis shows idle HC and CO emissions [measured in terms of parts per million (ppm) and volume % (vol %), respectively] in a slow declining trend with subsequent model years, reflecting tighter emission standards and more advanced emission technologies. The I/M benefits - 3 vol% and 39% reduction in idle and mass CO, respectively; 40 vol% and 22% reduction in idle and mass HC, respectively; and a 10-20% increase in fuel efficiency - were higher than those reported in the literature. Although these benefits are substantial, any implementation strategy needs to consider cost-effectiveness. In the present study, only 10% of vehicles - contributing 22% of the total vehicle emissions - failed the idle CO standard. Fleet emissions data variability necessitates a large sample size to develop a baseline for the vehicle fleet, but a smaller, scientifically designed sample and better data collection quality could periodically track the benefits at future camps. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Das, S AU - Schmoyer, R AU - Harrison, G AU - Hausker, K AD - Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1391 EP - 1400 VL - 51 IS - 10 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Motor vehicles KW - Emission control KW - Air pollution control KW - Atmospheric pollution by road vehicles KW - Carbon monoxide emission by motor vehicles KW - Maintenance KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Transportation KW - India, Delhi KW - Atmospheric pollution and driving KW - Exhaust emissions KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20626133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Prospects+of+Inspection+and+Maintenance+of+Two-Wheelers+in+India&rft.au=Das%2C+S%3BSchmoyer%2C+R%3BHarrison%2C+G%3BHausker%2C+K&rft.aulast=Das&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon monoxide emission by motor vehicles; Atmospheric pollution and driving; Atmospheric pollution by road vehicles; Carbon monoxide; Historical account; Transportation; Hydrocarbons; Motor vehicles; Air pollution control; Emission control; Maintenance; Exhaust emissions; India, Delhi ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Receptor modeling for smoke of 1998 biomass burning in Central America AN - 18352679; 5299491 AB - The potential source contribution function (PSCF) is a receptor modeling technique for identifying emission sources and transport pathways. This technique has been widely used in the determination of potential emission sources and preferred transport pathways of a variety of air pollutants for more than a decade. However, the model has not been objectively evaluated against well-documented real-world data and the performance of the model is virtually untested. In this study we verified the PSCF model and tested the model performance by taking the opportunity of the 1998 Central America smoke events that produced elevated levels of aerosols detected at the Southern Great Plains site operated by the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement. Our results show that the PSCF model could correctly identify the emission source locations and transport pathways of the smoke particles. However, one cannot take the PSCF results for granted without further examination of back trajectories that are responsible for the transport. False positives could result from the tailing of the back trajectories that travel over the true source locations. Model performance analysis suggests that using the mean or median as the criterion value yielded satisfactory PSCF results. Use of a high criterion value (e.g., the 90th percentile) and a larger database could improve the resolution of PSCF source identification. Trajectory arrival height above the surface sampling station should be carefully chosen to be within the column mixing height to ensure an effective coupling of transport and surface measurement. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Cheng, Meng-Dawn AU - Lin, Che-Jen AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 22 EP - 22,886 VL - 106 IS - D19 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - ISE, Central America KW - Atmospheric pollution sources KW - Fires KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Combustion products KW - Biomass KW - Air pollution KW - Smoke KW - Biomass burning effects on atmospheric pollution KW - North America, Great Plains KW - Atmospheric pollution transport KW - Central America KW - M2 551.556:Wind Effects (551.556) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18352679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Receptor+modeling+for+smoke+of+1998+biomass+burning+in+Central+America&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Meng-Dawn%3BLin%2C+Che-Jen&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Meng-Dawn&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=D19&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ISE, Central America; North America, Great Plains; Central America; Smoke; Air pollution; Fires; Biomass; Combustion products; Biomass burning effects on atmospheric pollution; Atmospheric pollution models; Atmospheric pollution sources; Atmospheric pollution transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synchronous luminescence: a simple technique for the analysis of hydrolysis activity of the fragile histidine triad protein AN - 18347990; 5287285 AB - Human fragile histidine triad (FHIT) protein has dinucleoside 5',5' alpha -P sub(1),P sub(n)-polyphosphates hydrolysis activity, with AMP being one of the reaction products. Application of synchronous luminescence (SL) spectroscopy, in which both excitation and emission wavelengths are scanned simultaneously while a constant wavelength interval is maintained between them, was investigated for detection of the enzymatic activity of the FHIT protein. Ability of SL to identify reaction components, AMP production and its increase as a result of increase in substrate concentration and inhibition of the hydrolysis activity by ZnCl sub(2) are demonstrated. JF - Biotechnology Letters AU - Askari, M AU - Miller, G AU - Vo-Dinh, Tuan AD - Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA, vodinht@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1697 EP - 1702 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 23 IS - 20 SN - 0141-5492, 0141-5492 KW - FHIT protein KW - zinc chloride KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Spectroscopy KW - Luminescence KW - Hydrolysis KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33250:Methods: Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18347990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+Letters&rft.atitle=Synchronous+luminescence%3A+a+simple+technique+for+the+analysis+of+hydrolysis+activity+of+the+fragile+histidine+triad+protein&rft.au=Askari%2C+M%3BMiller%2C+G%3BVo-Dinh%2C+Tuan&rft.aulast=Askari&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=1697&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+Letters&rft.issn=01415492&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydrolysis; Luminescence; Spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Individual variation in life history characteristics can influence extinction risk AN - 18194521; 5237808 AB - The white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) shows great individual variation in the age at maturation. This study examines the consequences of model assumptions about individual variation in the age at maturation on predicted population viability. I considered: (1) the effects of variation in age at maturation alone; (2) the effects of heritability; and (3) the influence of a stable and an altered selective regime. Two selective regimes represented conditions before and after the impoundment of a river, blocking access of anadromous white sturgeon populations to the ocean. In contrast to previous simulation studies, I found that increased individual variation in the age at maturity did not necessarily lead to a higher likelihood of persistence. Individual variation increased the simulated likelihood of persistence when the variation was heritable and the selective regime had changed such that the mean age at maturity was no longer optimal. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Jager, H I AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, jagerhi@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/10/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Oct 01 SP - 61 EP - 76 VL - 144 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - White sturgeon KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Variability KW - Acipenser transmontanus KW - Life history KW - Extinction KW - Anadromous species KW - Sexual maturity KW - Species extinction KW - Models KW - Q1 08345:Genetics and evolution KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18194521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Individual+variation+in+life+history+characteristics+can+influence+extinction+risk&rft.au=Jager%2C+H+I&rft.aulast=Jager&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Variability; Life history; Sexual maturity; Anadromous species; Species extinction; Extinction; Models; Acipenser transmontanus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous Recovery of RNA and DNA from Soils and Sediments AN - 18193906; 5217937 AB - Recovery of mRNA from environmental samples for measurement of in situ metabolic activities is a significant challenge. A robust, simple, rapid, and effective method was developed for simultaneous recovery of both RNA and DNA from soils of diverse composition by adapting our previous grinding-based cell lysis method (Zhou et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:316-322, 1996) for DNA extraction. One of the key differences is that the samples are ground in a denaturing solution at a temperature below 0 degree C to inactivate nuclease activity. Two different methods were evaluated for separating RNA from DNA. Among the methods examined for RNA purification, anion exchange resin gave the best results in terms of RNA integrity, yield, and purity. With the optimized protocol, intact RNA and high-molecular-weight DNA were simultaneously recovered from 19 soil and stream sediment samples of diverse composition. The RNA yield from these samples ranged from 1.4 to 56 mu g g of soil super(-1) dry weight), whereas the DNA yield ranged from 23 to 435 mu g g super(-1). In addition, studies with the same soil sample showed that the DNA yield was, on average, 40% higher than that in our previous procedure and 68% higher than that in a commercial bead milling method. For the majority of the samples, the DNA and RNA recovered were of sufficient purity for nuclease digestion, microarray hybridization, and PCR or reverse transcription-PCR amplification. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Hurt, R A AU - Qiu, X AU - Wu, L AU - Roh, Y AU - Palumbo, A V AU - Tiedje, J M AU - Zhou, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038., zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 4495 EP - 4503 VL - 67 IS - 10 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Bacteria KW - anion exchange resin KW - recovery KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Extraction KW - Temperature KW - Assays KW - Freshwater KW - Sediments KW - Sediment analysis KW - mRNA KW - Methodology KW - Anion-exchange chromatography KW - Soil KW - Soil analysis KW - RNA KW - Analytical techniques KW - Soils KW - Microorganisms KW - DNA KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Chemical extraction KW - Metabolism KW - N 14610:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - A 01113:General KW - Q1 08182:Methods and instruments KW - D 04320:Brackishwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18193906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+Recovery+of+RNA+and+DNA+from+Soils+and+Sediments&rft.au=Hurt%2C+R+A%3BQiu%2C+X%3BWu%2C+L%3BRoh%2C+Y%3BPalumbo%2C+A+V%3BTiedje%2C+J+M%3BZhou%2C+J&rft.aulast=Hurt&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=4495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.67.10.4495-4503.2001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RNA; Soils; Analytical techniques; DNA; Temperature; Microorganisms; Polymerase chain reaction; Chemical extraction; Sediment analysis; Extraction; Assays; Sediments; Methodology; mRNA; Soil; Anion-exchange chromatography; Soil analysis; Metabolism; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.67.10.4495-4503.2001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental tobacco smoke in an unrestricted smoking workplace: area and personal exposure monitoring. AN - 72254593; 11687910 AB - The objective of this investigation was to determine the extent of areal and day-to-day variability of stationary environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) concentrations in a single large facility where smoking was both prevalent and unrestricted, and to determine the degree of daily variation in the personal exposure levels of ETS constituents in the same facility. The subject facility was a relatively new four-story office building with an approximate volume of 1.3 million ft3. The exchange of outside air in the building was determined to be between 0.6 and 0.7 air changes per hour. Eighty-seven area samples (excluding background) were collected at 29 locations over the course of 6 days of sampling. Locations included offices and cubicles occupied by smokers and nonsmokers, common areas, and the computer and mail rooms. Twenty-four nonsmoking subjects wore personal sampling systems to collect breathing zone air samples on each of 3 days in succession. This generated a total of seventy-two 8-h time-weighted average (TWA) personal exposure samples. In all samples, respirable suspended particulate matter, ultraviolet light-absorbing and fluorescing particulate matter, solanesol, nicotine, and 3-ethenyl pyridine were determined. With the exception of a few locations, tobacco-specific airborne constituents were determined in all samples. Not surprisingly, areas with the highest ETS constituent concentrations were offices and cubicles of smokers. Median and 95th percentile concentrations for all area samples, excluding background, were determined to be 1.5 and 8.7 microg/m3 for nicotine, and 8.2 and 59 microg/m3 for ETS-specific particles (as solanesol-related particulate matter, Sol-PM), respectively. Personal exposure concentrations of ETS components were similar to those levels found in the area samples (median nicotine and Sol-PM concentrations were 1.24 and 7.1 microg/m3, respectively), but the range of concentrations was somewhat smaller. For example, the 95th percentile 8-h TWA nicotine and ETS-specific particle (as Sol-PM) concentrations were 3.58 and 21.9 microg/m3, respectively. Intrasubject variation of daily concentrations ranged from 20% to 60%, depending on the component. Self-reported proximity to smokers was supported by higher ETS concentrations determined from the personal monitors, but only to a modest extent. Although smoking was completely unrestricted inside the main office areas of the facility, ETS levels, either areal or from personal exposure measurements, were lower than those estimated by Occupational Safety and Health Administration to be present in such facilities. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Jenkins, R A AU - Maskarinec, M P AU - Counts, R W AU - Caton, J E AU - Tomkins, B A AU - Ilgner, R H AD - Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6120, USA. jenkinsra@ornl.gov PY - 2001 SP - 369 EP - 380 VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Ventilation KW - Inhalation Exposure KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- analysis KW - Workplace UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72254593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Environmental+tobacco+smoke+in+an+unrestricted+smoking+workplace%3A+area+and+personal+exposure+monitoring.&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+R+A%3BMaskarinec%2C+M+P%3BCounts%2C+R+W%3BCaton%2C+J+E%3BTomkins%2C+B+A%3BIlgner%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-11-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intravascular radiation therapy with radioactive liquid-filled balloons for inhibition of restenosis after angioplasty: a new opportunity for nuclear medicine? AN - 71171654; 11535729 JF - Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine AU - Knapp, F F AU - Spencer, R H AU - Kropp, J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6229, USA. Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 1384 EP - 1387 VL - 42 IS - 9 SN - 0161-5505, 0161-5505 KW - Gallium Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Radioisotopes KW - Index Medicus KW - Half-Life KW - Gallium Radioisotopes -- metabolism KW - Coronary Angiography KW - Gallium Radioisotopes -- therapeutic use KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Recurrence KW - Radioisotopes -- metabolism KW - Nuclear Medicine -- trends KW - Radioisotopes -- therapeutic use KW - Catheterization -- methods KW - Graft Occlusion, Vascular -- radiotherapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71171654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+nuclear+medicine+%3A+official+publication%2C+Society+of+Nuclear+Medicine&rft.atitle=Intravascular+radiation+therapy+with+radioactive+liquid-filled+balloons+for+inhibition+of+restenosis+after+angioplasty%3A+a+new+opportunity+for+nuclear+medicine%3F&rft.au=Knapp%2C+F+F%3BSpencer%2C+R+H%3BKropp%2C+J&rft.aulast=Knapp&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1384&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+nuclear+medicine+%3A+official+publication%2C+Society+of+Nuclear+Medicine&rft.issn=01615505&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment On: J Nucl Med. 2001 Sep;42(9):1375-83 [11535728] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stand-off tissue-based biosensors for the detection of chemical warfare agents using photosynthetic fluorescence induction. AN - 71149167; 11544038 AB - Tissue biosensors made from immobilized whole-cell photosynthetic microorganisms have been developed for the detection of airborne chemical warfare agents and simulants. The sensor read-out is based on well-known principles of fluorescence induction by living photosynthetic tissue. Like the cyanobacteria and algae from which they were constructed, the sensors are robust and mobile. The fluorescence signal from the sensors was stable after 40 days, storage and they can be launched or dropped into suspected danger zones. Commercially available hand-held fluorometric detector systems were used to measure Photosystem II (PSII) photochemical efficiency of green algae and cyanobacteria entrapped on filter paper disks. Toxic agents flowing in the gas stream through the sensors can alter the characteristic fluorescence induction curves with resultant changes in photochemical yields. Tabun (GA), sarin (GB), mustard agent, tributylamine (TBA) (a sarin stabilizer), and dibutyl sulfide (DBS) (a mustard agent analog) were tested. Upper threshold limits of detectability for GA, TBA, and DBS are reported. With additional research and development, these biosensors may find application in stand-off detection of chemical and perhaps biological warfare agents under real-world conditions. JF - Biosensors & bioelectronics AU - Sanders, C A AU - Rodriguez, M AU - Greenbaum, E AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6194, USA. Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 439 EP - 446 VL - 16 IS - 7-8 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - Butylamines KW - 0 KW - Chemical Warfare Agents KW - Organophosphates KW - Sulfides KW - dibutyl sulfide KW - 3E3H471GA3 KW - Sarin KW - B4XG72QGFM KW - tributylamine KW - C3TZB2W0R7 KW - tabun KW - S45M750QSH KW - Mustard Gas KW - T8KEC9FH9P KW - Index Medicus KW - Photochemistry KW - Fluorescence KW - Cyanobacteria KW - Photosynthesis KW - Sulfides -- analysis KW - Organophosphates -- analysis KW - Mustard Gas -- analysis KW - Sarin -- analysis KW - Butylamines -- analysis KW - Chlorella KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- analysis KW - Biosensing Techniques -- methods KW - Biosensing Techniques -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71149167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+%26+bioelectronics&rft.atitle=Stand-off+tissue-based+biosensors+for+the+detection+of+chemical+warfare+agents+using+photosynthetic+fluorescence+induction.&rft.au=Sanders%2C+C+A%3BRodriguez%2C+M%3BGreenbaum%2C+E&rft.aulast=Sanders&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+%26+bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-22 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lunar meteorite Dhofar 025; plagioclase REEs confirm non-pristine nature for highland clasts AN - 52152368; 2002-009467 JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Cahill, J T AU - Taylor, L A AU - Cohen, B A AU - Fayek, M AU - Riciputi, L R AU - Nazarov, M A AU - Consolmagno, Guy Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 36 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 36 IS - 9, Suppl. SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - silicates KW - Dhofar Meteorites KW - lunar meteorites KW - plagioclase KW - stony meteorites KW - Moon KW - DHO 025 KW - lunar highlands KW - achondrites KW - meteorites KW - mineral composition KW - metals KW - framework silicates KW - rare earths KW - chemical composition KW - feldspar group KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52152368?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Lunar+meteorite+Dhofar+025%3B+plagioclase+REEs+confirm+non-pristine+nature+for+highland+clasts&rft.au=Cahill%2C+J+T%3BTaylor%2C+L+A%3BCohen%2C+B+A%3BFayek%2C+M%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R%3BNazarov%2C+M+A%3BConsolmagno%2C+Guy&rft.aulast=Cahill&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=9%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 64th annual meeting of the Meteoritical Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; chemical composition; DHO 025; Dhofar Meteorites; feldspar group; framework silicates; lunar highlands; lunar meteorites; metals; meteorites; mineral composition; Moon; plagioclase; rare earths; silicates; stony meteorites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O system; III, A new experimental method or determining liquid-vapor equilibria at high subcritical temperatures AN - 52151014; 2002-012025 AB - A highly precise and accurate vibrating U-tube technique was developed to determine the upper baric stabilities of liquid-vapor assemblages in the CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O system at high subcritical temperatures ( nearly equal 275 - 360 degrees C). The first step is to create an isobaric-isothermal, physically isolated and chemically homogeneous sample of "high-pressure" CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O fluid of known composition. Fluid pressure (P) is then lowered slowly at constant temperature. Pressure readings and matching values for tau (the period of vibration of the U-tube) are recorded at 0.1 or 0.2 MPa intervals. When the fluid begins to separate into two phases (liquid + vapor), a distinct inflection is observed in the trend of P vs. tau . Performing such experiments for fluid compositions at 0.05 mole fraction CO (sub 2) (X (sub CO2) ) intervals in the range 0.05 < or =X (sub CO2) < or =0.40 at 300 degrees C produced a complete high-P liquid-vapor boundary curve for the CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O system at that temperature. Agreement with corresponding curves determined in previous studies ranges from poor to excellent. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Naney, Michael T AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 1100 EP - 1111 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 86 IS - 9 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - water KW - liquid phase KW - experimental studies KW - gaseous phase KW - calibration KW - new methods KW - temperature KW - measurement KW - carbon dioxide KW - errors KW - phase equilibria KW - fluid pressure KW - accuracy KW - high temperature KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52151014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=The+CO+%28sub+2%29+-H+%28sub+2%29+O+system%3B+III%2C+A+new+experimental+method+or+determining+liquid-vapor+equilibria+at+high+subcritical+temperatures&rft.au=Blencoe%2C+James+G%3BNaney%2C+Michael+T%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Blencoe&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; calibration; carbon dioxide; errors; experimental studies; fluid pressure; gaseous phase; high temperature; liquid phase; measurement; new methods; phase equilibria; temperature; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature-dependent single-crystal neutron diffraction study of natural chondrodite and clinohumites AN - 52142474; 2002-012011 AB - The crystal structures of natural F-bearing chondrodite [Mg (sub 4.64) Fe (sub 0.28) Mn (sub 0.014) Ti (sub 0.023) (Si (sub 1.01) O (sub 4) ) (sub 2) F (sub 1.02) OH (sub 0.97) ] from the Tilley Foster mine (Brewster, New York), F-bearing titanian clinohumite [Mg (sub 8.805) Fe (sub 0.006) Ti (sub 0.214) (Si (sub 0.993) O (sub 4) ) (sub 4) F (sub 0.484) OH (sub 0.516) ] from Kukh-i-Lal (Tadjikistan) and F-free titanian hydroxylclinohumite [Mg (sub 7.378) Fe (sub 1.12) Mn (sub 0.052) Ni (sub 0.014) Ti (sub 0.453) (Si (sub 0.996) O (sub 4) ) (sub 4) OH (sub 1.0) ] from Val Malenco (Italy) were refined in space group P2 (sub 1) /b (unique axis a) from single-crystal neutron diffraction data, collected on a four-circle diffractometer at the High Flux Isotope Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Accurate H atom positions were determined at 295 K, 100 K, and 20 (10) K. Only one H position of approximately 50% occupancy was observed for each structure, which confirms a disordered H model. Time-of-flight single-crystal neutron data were also collected at 295 K and 20 K for the Val Malenco clinohumite as an additional check on space group symmetry. The crystal structure of the Kukh-i-Lal clinohumite was further investigated by X-ray single-crystal refinement at 295 K and by piezoelectric measurements. A few, very weak, symmetry-forbidden reflections were observed for each crystal at both ambient and lower temperatures. The same reflections were observed by all methods used. No temperature dependence is indicated, as no additional peaks appear at low temperature, and the intensity of the reflections are sample dependent. It appears that the real structure is made up of P2 (sub 1) and Pb domains so that violations are due to ordering of both H and Ti. No distinct piezoelectric effect was observed that would indicate the absence of a center of symmetry. This points to the simultaneous presence of various enantiomorphic domains, which cancels the piezo-electric effect of individual domains. The decrease in unit-cell volume with F substitution in clinohumites can be explained by the higher concentration of H-site vacancies and the coupled cationic and anionic substitution on the M3 and O/F site. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Friedrich, Alexandra AU - Lager, George A AU - Kunz, Martin AU - Chakoumakos, Bryan C AU - Smyth, Joseph R AU - Schultz, Arthur J Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 981 EP - 989 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 86 IS - 9 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - United States KW - silicates KW - halides KW - refinement KW - fluorides KW - lattice KW - unit cell KW - clinohumite KW - Europe KW - crystal structure KW - Tajikistan KW - Kukh-i-Lal Mine KW - Italy KW - Central Asia KW - Southern Europe KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Tilley Foster Mine KW - orthosilicates KW - Pamirs KW - humite group KW - Asia KW - P-T conditions KW - nesosilicates KW - physical properties KW - New York KW - single-crystal method KW - neutron diffraction data KW - chondrodite KW - Putnam County New York KW - Val Malenco KW - crystal chemistry KW - Brewster New York KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52142474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Temperature-dependent+single-crystal+neutron+diffraction+study+of+natural+chondrodite+and+clinohumites&rft.au=Friedrich%2C+Alexandra%3BLager%2C+George+A%3BKunz%2C+Martin%3BChakoumakos%2C+Bryan+C%3BSmyth%2C+Joseph+R%3BSchultz%2C+Arthur+J&rft.aulast=Friedrich&rft.aufirst=Alexandra&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=981&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 10 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; Brewster New York; Central Asia; chondrodite; clinohumite; Commonwealth of Independent States; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; Europe; fluorides; halides; humite group; Italy; Kukh-i-Lal Mine; lattice; nesosilicates; neutron diffraction data; New York; orthosilicates; P-T conditions; Pamirs; physical properties; Putnam County New York; refinement; silicates; single-crystal method; Southern Europe; Tajikistan; Tilley Foster Mine; unit cell; United States; Val Malenco ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron reduction by a psychrotolerant Fe(III); reducing bacterium isolated from ocean sediment AN - 51916755; 2003-084661 AB - Although psychrophiles, which live in cold conditions (<20 degrees C), are very common amongst a wide variety of habitats, studies of Fe(III)-reduction and mineral formation by the microbes are rare. A psychrotolerant Fe(III)-reducing bacterium (W3-6-1, Shewanella baltica) isolated from ocean sediments were used to study iron reduction and mineral formation under various growth conditions. The psychrotolerant bacterium was able to use lactate, formate, and hydrogen as electron donors to reduce iron at temperatures between 0 degrees C and 37 degrees C. The W3-6-1 was also capable of reducing a toxic Co(III)-EDTA as the sole electron acceptor. The atmosphere and chemical conditions exhibited strong influence on the mineral types in an anaerobic culture. Magnetite formation was dominant under N (sub 2) and H (sub 2) atmospheres. Siderite formation was dominant under an H (sub 2) -CO (sub 2) (20:80) atmosphere. A mixture of magnetite and siderite was formed under an N (sub 2) -CO (sub 2) (80:20) atmosphere. This study indicates that microbial Fe(III) reduction may play important roles in iron and carbon fate in cold natural environments on a geological time scale. JF - Geosciences Journal (Seoul) AU - Roh, Yul AU - Moon, Hi-Soo Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 183 EP - 190 PB - Hanrimwon Publishing Company for the Geological Society of Korea, Seoul VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 1226-4806, 1226-4806 KW - pressure KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - salinity KW - iron KW - ferrous iron KW - siderite KW - marine sediments KW - biogenic processes KW - mineral composition KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - chemical composition KW - carbonates KW - pH KW - magnetite KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51916755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geosciences+Journal+%28Seoul%29&rft.atitle=Iron+reduction+by+a+psychrotolerant+Fe%28III%29%3B+reducing+bacterium+isolated+from+ocean+sediment&rft.au=Roh%2C+Yul%3BMoon%2C+Hi-Soo&rft.aulast=Roh&rft.aufirst=Yul&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geosciences+Journal+%28Seoul%29&rft.issn=12264806&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.geosciences-journal.org/home/journal/editor.asp?globalmenu=2 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; carbonates; chemical composition; crystal growth; crystal structure; ferrous iron; iron; magnetite; marine sediments; metals; mineral composition; oxides; pH; pressure; reduction; salinity; sediments; siderite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deep-Earth reactor; nuclear fission, helium, and the geomagnetic field AN - 50074365; 2010-020825 AB - Geomagnetic field reversals and changes in intensity are understandable from an energy standpoint as natural consequences of intermittent and/or variable nuclear fission chain reactions deep within the Earth. Moreover, deep-Earth production of helium, having 3He/4He ratios within the range observed from deep-mantle sources, is demonstrated to be a consequence of nuclear fission. Numerical simulations of a planetary-scale geo-reactor were made by using the SCALE sequence of codes. The results clearly demonstrate that such a geo-reactor (i) would function as a fast-neutron fuel breeder reactor; (ii) could, under appropriate conditions, operate over the entire period of geologic time; and (iii) would function in such a manner as to yield variable and/or intermittent output power. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Hollenbach, D F AU - Herndon, J M Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 11085 EP - 11090 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 98 IS - 20 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - mantle KW - stable isotopes KW - magnetic field KW - lower mantle KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - quantitative analysis KW - noble gases KW - heat flow KW - helium KW - fission KW - Be-10/Be-9 KW - alkaline earth metals KW - diffusion KW - SAS2 KW - isotope ratios KW - SCALE Code Package KW - dynamos KW - paleomagnetism KW - reversals KW - metals KW - core KW - uranium KW - He-4/He-3 KW - U-238/U-235 KW - actinides KW - beryllium KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50074365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Deep-Earth+reactor%3B+nuclear+fission%2C+helium%2C+and+the+geomagnetic+field&rft.au=Hollenbach%2C+D+F%3BHerndon%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Hollenbach&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=11085&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.201393998 L2 - http://www.pnas.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PNASA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkaline earth metals; Be-10/Be-9; beryllium; core; diffusion; dynamos; fission; He-4/He-3; heat flow; helium; isotope ratios; isotopes; lower mantle; magnetic field; mantle; metals; noble gases; paleomagnetism; quantitative analysis; radioactive isotopes; radioactivity; reversals; SAS2; SCALE Code Package; stable isotopes; transport; U-238/U-235; uranium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.201393998 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate change and forest disturbances AN - 18191470; 5217867 AB - This article examines how eight disturbances influence forest structure, composition, and function and how climate change may influence the severity, frequency, and magnitude of disturbances to forests. We focus on examples from the United States, although these influences occur worldwide. We also consider options for coping with disturbance under changing climate. This analysis points to specific research needs that should improve the understanding of how climate change affects forest disturbances. JF - Bioscience AU - Dale, V H AU - Joyce, LA AU - McNulty, S AU - Neilson, R P AU - Ayres, M P AU - Flannigan, MD AU - Hanson, P J AU - Irland, L C AU - Lugo, A E AU - Peterson, C J AU - Simberloff, D AU - Swanson, F J AU - Stocks, B J AU - Wotton, B M AD - Environmental Sciences Div. at Oak Ridge Natl. Lab., Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, vhd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 723 EP - 734 PB - American Institute of Biological Sciences, [URL:http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract &issn=0006-3568&volume=51&page=723] VL - 51 IS - 9 SN - 0006-3568, 0006-3568 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Natural disturbance KW - USA KW - Climatic changes KW - Forests KW - Species composition KW - Ecosystem structure KW - D 04125:Temperate forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18191470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioscience&rft.atitle=Climate+change+and+forest+disturbances&rft.au=Dale%2C+V+H%3BJoyce%2C+LA%3BMcNulty%2C+S%3BNeilson%2C+R+P%3BAyres%2C+M+P%3BFlannigan%2C+MD%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BIrland%2C+L+C%3BLugo%2C+A+E%3BPeterson%2C+C+J%3BSimberloff%2C+D%3BSwanson%2C+F+J%3BStocks%2C+B+J%3BWotton%2C+B+M&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=723&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioscience&rft.issn=00063568&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0006-3568%282001%29051%280723%3ACCAFD%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Forests; Ecosystem structure; Species composition; Natural disturbance; Climatic changes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0006-3568(2001)051(0723:CCAFD)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Development of Advanced Hydroelectric Turbines to Improve Fish Passage Survival AN - 18181272; 5202547 AB - Recent efforts to improve the survival of hydroelectric turbine-passed juvenile fish have explored modifications to both operation and design of the turbines. Much of this research is being carried out by power producers in the Columbia River basin (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the public utility districts), while the development of low-impact turbines is being pursued on a national scale by the U.S. Department of Energy. Fisheries managers are involved in all aspects of these efforts. Advanced versions of conventional Kaplan turbines are being installed and tested in the Columbia River basin, and a pilot scale version of a novel turbine concept is undergoing laboratory testing. Field studies in the last few years have shown that improvements in the design of conventional turbines have increased the survival of juvenile fish. There is still much to be learned about the causes and extent of injuries in the turbine system (including the draft tube and tailrace), as well as the significance of indirect mortality and the effects of turbine passage on adult fish. However, improvements in turbine design and operation, as well as new field, laboratory, and modeling techniques to assess turbine-passage survival, are contributing toward resolution of the downstream fish passage issue at hydroelectric power plants. JF - Fisheries AU - Cada, G F AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, cadagf@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 14 EP - 23 VL - 26 IS - 9 SN - 0363-2415, 0363-2415 KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Rivers KW - Hydroelectric Power KW - Fishways KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Fish (see also Individual groups) KW - Growth Stages KW - Fish Passages KW - Survival KW - Water resources KW - Habitat improvement (physical) KW - Freshwater KW - Streams (in natural channels) KW - Powerplants KW - Turbines KW - Natural resources KW - Hydroelectric power plants KW - Mortality causes KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 6090:Fisheries engineering KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18181272?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries&rft.atitle=The+Development+of+Advanced+Hydroelectric+Turbines+to+Improve+Fish+Passage+Survival&rft.au=Cada%2C+G+F&rft.aulast=Cada&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries&rft.issn=03632415&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Turbines; Fishways; Habitat improvement (physical); Hydroelectric power plants; Mortality causes; Natural resources; Fish (see also Individual groups); Hydroelectric power; Water resources; Streams (in natural channels); Powerplants; Hydroelectric Power; Growth Stages; Survival; Fish Passages; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regeneration of perchlorate (ClO4-)-loaded anion exchange resins by a novel tetrachloroferrate (FeCl4-) displacement technique. AN - 71130387; 11529578 AB - Selective ion exchange is one of the preferred treatment technologies for removing low levels of perchlorate (ClO4-) from contaminated water because of its high efficiency and minimal impact on water quality through the addition or removal of chemicals and nutrients. However, the exceptionally high affinity of ClO4- for type I anion-exchange resins makes regeneration with conventional NaCl brine extremely difficult and costly for practical applications. The present study entails the development of a novel regeneration methodology applicable to highly selective anion-exchange resins. Tetrachloroferrate (FeCl4-) anions, formed in a solution of ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid (e.g., 1 M FeCl3 and 4 M HCl), were found to effectively displace Cl04- anions that were sorbed on the resin. A mass-balance analysis indicated that a nearly 100% recovery of ion-exchange sites was achieved by washing with as little as approximately 5 bed volumes of the regenerant solution in a column flow-through experiment There was no significant deterioration of the resin's performance with respect to ClO4- removal after repeated loading and regeneration cycles. Thus, the new methodology may offer a cost-effective means to regenerate ClO4- -loaded resins with improved regeneration efficiency, recovery, and waste minimization in comparison with conventional brine regeneration techniques. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Gu, B AU - Brown, G M AU - Maya, L AU - Lance, M J AU - Moyer, B A AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831, USA. gubl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/08/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 15 SP - 3363 EP - 3368 VL - 35 IS - 16 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Anion Exchange Resins KW - 0 KW - Chlorine Compounds KW - Ferric Compounds KW - Perchlorates KW - Sodium Compounds KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - sodium perchlorate KW - 97F4MTY3VA KW - Index Medicus KW - Chlorine Compounds -- chemistry KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Ferric Compounds -- chemistry KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Sodium Compounds -- chemistry KW - Perchlorates -- chemistry KW - Water Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Anion Exchange Resins -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71130387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Regeneration+of+perchlorate+%28ClO4-%29-loaded+anion+exchange+resins+by+a+novel+tetrachloroferrate+%28FeCl4-%29+displacement+technique.&rft.au=Gu%2C+B%3BBrown%2C+G+M%3BMaya%2C+L%3BLance%2C+M+J%3BMoyer%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-08-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=3363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meeting data quality objectives with interval information. AN - 71129278; 11529576 AB - Immunoassay test kits are promising technologies for measuring analytes under field conditions. Frequently, these field-test kits report the analyte concentrations as falling in an interval between minimum and maximum values. Many project managers use field-test kits only for screening purposes when characterizing waste sites because the results are presented as semiquantitative intervals. However, field-test kits that report results as intervals can also be used to make project-related decisions in compliance with false-rejection and false-acceptance decision error rates established during a quantitative data quality objective process. Sampling and analysis plans can be developed that rely on field-test kits to meet certain data needs of site remediation projects. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Bayne, C K AU - Dindal, A B AU - Jenkins, R A AU - Crumbling, D M AU - Koglin, E N AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831, USA. bayneck@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/08/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 15 SP - 3350 EP - 3355 VL - 35 IS - 16 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Hazardous Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - False Negative Reactions KW - Data Collection -- methods KW - Time Factors KW - Quality Control KW - False Positive Reactions KW - Immunoassay -- standards KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71129278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Meeting+data+quality+objectives+with+interval+information.&rft.au=Bayne%2C+C+K%3BDindal%2C+A+B%3BJenkins%2C+R+A%3BCrumbling%2C+D+M%3BKoglin%2C+E+N&rft.aulast=Bayne&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-08-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=3350&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enzyme stabilization by covalent binding in nanoporous sol-gel glass for nonaqueous biocatalyst AN - 18156288; 5162451 AB - A unique nanoporous sol-gel glass possessing a highly ordered porous structure (with a pore size of 153 Ae in diameter) was examined for use as a support material for enzyme immobilization. A model enzyme, alpha -chymotrypsin, was efficiently bound onto the glass via a bifunctional ligand, trimethoxysilylpropanal, with an active enzyme loading of 0.54 wt%. The glass-bound chymotrypsin exhibited greatly enhanced stability both in aqueous solution and organic solvents. The half-life of the glass-bound alpha -chymotrypsin was >1000-fold higher than that of the native enzyme, as measured either in aqueous buffer or anhydrous methanol. The enhanced stability in methanol, which excludes the possibility of enzyme autolysis, particularly reflected that the covalent binding provides effective protection against enzyme inactivation caused by structural denaturation. In addition, the activity of the immobilized alpha -chymotrypsin was also much higher than that of the native enzyme in various organic solvents. From these results, it appears that the glass-enzyme complex developed in the present work can be used as a high-performance biocatalyst for various chemical processing applications, particularly in organic media. JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Wang, Ping AU - Dai, Sheng AU - Waezsada, S D AU - Tsao, A Y AU - Davison, B H AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6226, USA, davisonbh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/08/05/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 05 SP - 249 EP - 255 VL - 74 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - alpha -Chymotrypsin KW - trimethoxysilylpropanal KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - ^a-Chymotrypsin KW - Stabilization KW - Catalysts KW - Immobilization KW - W2 32210:Immobilization KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18156288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Enzyme+stabilization+by+covalent+binding+in+nanoporous+sol-gel+glass+for+nonaqueous+biocatalyst&rft.au=Wang%2C+Ping%3BDai%2C+Sheng%3BWaezsada%2C+S+D%3BTsao%2C+A+Y%3BDavison%2C+B+H&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Ping&rft.date=2001-08-05&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbit.1114 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Immobilization; Catalysts; Stabilization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.1114 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thickness and surface characteristics of colloidal 2:1 aluminosilicates using an indirect Fourier transform of small-angle X-ray scattering data AN - 52173794; 2001-075073 AB - An indirect Fourier transformation applied to small-angle X-ray scattering data has been used to determine the thickness and surface properties of two common clay minerals. For an illite system, the particle density distribution function (PDDF) generated by the analysis gave a correct description of particle geometry, and the calculated electron density profile was in accordance with the theoretical electron density distribution for this mineral. This approach provides the opportunity to determine the thickness of fundamental particles of illite while avoiding the difficulties encountered in other methods. Both the PDDF and the electron density profile accurately predict the thickness of Na-montmorillonite layers, and the results suggest that an electron inhomogeneity exists at the interface of this mineral. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Shang, Chao AU - Rice, James A AU - Lin, Jar-Shyong Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 277 EP - 285 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 49 IS - 4 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - clay mineralogy KW - data processing KW - illite KW - clay minerals KW - X-ray data KW - aluminosilicates KW - Fourier analysis KW - chemical properties KW - thickness KW - sheet silicates KW - crystal chemistry KW - geochemistry KW - montmorillonite KW - electrons KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52173794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Thickness+and+surface+characteristics+of+colloidal+2%3A1+aluminosilicates+using+an+indirect+Fourier+transform+of+small-angle+X-ray+scattering+data&rft.au=Shang%2C+Chao%3BRice%2C+James+A%3BLin%2C+Jar-Shyong&rft.aulast=Shang&rft.aufirst=Chao&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminosilicates; chemical properties; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; colloidal materials; crystal chemistry; data processing; electrons; experimental studies; Fourier analysis; geochemistry; illite; montmorillonite; sheet silicates; silicates; thickness; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fracture Probability Integral Applied to Reactor Vessel Life Estimate AN - 18438778; 5412918 AB - The conventional method of fracture probability calculations such as that adopted by the NRC-sponsored PRAISE CODE and the FAVOR CODE developed in this laboratory are both based on Monte Carlo simulation. Heavy computations are required. A new method of fracture probability calculation is developed by direct probability integration. The preliminary version of the development was published in an earlier paper. More detailed development of the method is presented here. The present approach offers simple and expedient method to obtain numerical values of fracture probability. This method can be applied to problems as general as the method of Monte Carlo simulation. This approach also provides a clear physical picture on the meaning of the probability of fracture. Parametric studies are made in this paper to show the variation of the numerical values of the probabilities of fracture as a result of the change of the standard deviation of either fracture toughness or the radiation-induced temperature shift. Also, it is shown numerically that a limiting probability can be obtained if the standard deviation of the fracture toughness approaches zero that implies a deterministic fracture toughness. It confirms the theoretical proof shown in Eq. (11). The limiting probability is the simplistic probability of crack count used by this author where both toughness and temperature shift are assumed to be deterministic values. The general probability of fracture developed here is simply a generalization of the crack count, except the crack count is selected with the appropriate fracture toughness in the toughness distribution. The toughness for the problem considered here is then multiplied by the appropriate temperature shift in the distribution function of the temperature shift. Although the present development is based on linear fracture mechanics assumption and applied to the radiated reactor vessel steel, there is no difficulty in viewing the present development as a general formulation that is capable of handling as many random variables as required by the fracture model. The multiplicity of the integration corresponds to the number of random variables. The probability integral is applied in this paper to calculate the probability of fracture for the high flux isotope reactor (HFIR) vessel that has been weakened due to the radiation embrittlement. The random variables used here are the crack length, the fracture toughness, and the radiation-induced temperature shift that is needed in the parametric representation of the radiated vessel steel. JF - Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology. Transactions of the ASME AU - Chang, S-J AD - Senior Research Staff, High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6399, USA Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 346 EP - 354 VL - 123 IS - 3 SN - 0094-9930, 0094-9930 KW - fracture toughness KW - pressure vessels KW - service life KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18438778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Pressure+Vessel+Technology.+Transactions+of+the+ASME&rft.atitle=Fracture+Probability+Integral+Applied+to+Reactor+Vessel+Life+Estimate&rft.au=Chang%2C+S-J&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=S-J&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Pressure+Vessel+Technology.+Transactions+of+the+ASME&rft.issn=00949930&rft_id=info:doi/10.1115%2F1.1376713 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1376713 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Challenges in the development and use of ecological indicators AN - 18252725; 5314847 AB - Ecological indicators can be used to assess the condition of the environment, to provide an early warning signal of changes in the environment, or to diagnose the cause of an environmental problem. Ideally the suite of indicators should represent key information about structure, function, and composition of the ecological system. Three concerns hamper the use of ecological indicators as a resource management tool. (1) Monitoring programs often depend on a small number of indicators and fail to consider the full complexity of the ecological system. (2) Choice of ecological indicators is confounded in management programs that have vague long-term goals and objectives. (3) Management and monitoring programs often lack scientific rigor because of their failure to use a defined protocol for identifying ecological indicators. Thus, ecological indicators need to capture the complexities of the ecosystem yet remain simple enough to be easily and routinely monitored. Ecological indicators should meet the following criteria: be easily measured, be sensitive to stresses on the system, respond to stress in a predictable manner, be anticipatory, predict changes that can be averted by management actions, be integrative, have a known response to disturbances, anthropogenic stresses, and changes over time, and have low variability in response. The challenge is to derive a manageable set of indicators that together meet these criteria. JF - Ecological Indicators AU - Dale, V H AU - Beyeler, S C AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, vhd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 3 EP - 10 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 1 IS - 1 SN - 1470-160X, 1470-160X KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Environmental monitoring KW - ecosystem resilience KW - Ecosystem management KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18252725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Indicators&rft.atitle=Challenges+in+the+development+and+use+of+ecological+indicators&rft.au=Dale%2C+V+H%3BBeyeler%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Indicators&rft.issn=1470160X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecosystem management; ecosystem resilience; Environmental monitoring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stream ecosystem responses to forest leaf emergence in spring AN - 18208437; 5238291 AB - Streams in deciduous forests undergo marked transitions from light-replete to light-limited ecosystems every spring when leaves emerge on streamside trees. During the course of leaf emergence and enlargement, shade from leaves on streamside trees can reduce photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) falling on the streambed from >1000 to <30 mu mol times m super(-2) times s super(-1). In this study, we examined the effects of leaf emergence at multiple levels in two headwater streams in eastern Tennessee. Primary production estimated from both photosynthesis-irradiance measurements of periphyton in the laboratory and whole-steam diurnal oxygen measurements decreased dramatically over the course of canopy closure. Monthly carbon fixation estimates for periphyton in White Oak Creek declined from 354 mu g C/cm super(2) in April to 66 mu g C/cm super(2) in June, while carbon fixation in Walker Branch declined from 495 to 168 mu g C/cm super(2). Periphyton photosynthesis became increasingly efficient at low irradiances ( alpha increased more than threefold) as ambient streambed irradiances declined, but this increase in efficiency only partially compensated for the photon scarcity caused by riparian shade. Ecological photosynthetic efficiency (percentage of incident PAR energy fixed by photosynthesis) estimated from static models, whole-stream measurements, and ambient PAR was a negative exponential function of incident PAR, increasing from <0.3% to 2% during canopy closure. This increase was attributable to (1) inefficient use of the relatively high irradiances before leaf emergence, and (2) greater photoefficiency (increased alpha ) at low irradiances after leaf emergence. Nutrient concentrations (dissolved nitrate and phosphate) in both streams increased coincident with leaf emergence, implying a cascade of shade effects through primary producers to abiotic components of the ecosystem. Shade effects also propagated to higher trophic levels: growth rates of grazing snails (Elimia clavaeformis) in both streams decreased substantially from April to June, consistent with modeled decreases in the productivity of their food resource (periphyton). Snail growth rates were almost zero in White Oak Creek and were negative in Walker Branch during summer when streambed PAR was lowest. The multilevel effects of leaf emergence reported in this study accentuate the importance of light variation in aquatic ecosystems and illustrate the close coupling between streams and their surrounding terrestrial ecosystems. JF - Ecology AU - Hill, W R AU - Mulholland, P J AU - Marzolf, E R AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 2306 EP - 2319 VL - 82 IS - 8 SN - 0012-9658, 0012-9658 KW - Club elimia KW - deciduous forests KW - shading KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Rivers KW - Plantae KW - Elimia clavaeformis KW - Photosynthesis KW - Ecosystems KW - Leaves KW - Forests KW - Phytoplankton KW - Spring KW - Freshwater KW - Streams KW - Primary production KW - Light effects KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Periphyton KW - Canopies KW - Emergence KW - Shading KW - Algae KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - K 03009:Algae KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Q1 08226:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18208437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=Stream+ecosystem+responses+to+forest+leaf+emergence+in+spring&rft.au=Hill%2C+W+R%3BMulholland%2C+P+J%3BMarzolf%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2306&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology&rft.issn=00129658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Ecosystems; Leaves; Phytoplankton; Forests; Spring; Canopies; Periphyton; Primary production; Light effects; Photosynthesis; Shading; Emergence; Streams; Algae; Plantae; Elimia clavaeformis; USA, Tennessee; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methylated mercury species in municipal waste landfill gas sampled in Florida, USA AN - 18182778; 5216671 AB - Mercury-bearing material has been placed in municipal landfills from a wide array of sources including fluorescent lights, batteries, electrical switches, thermometers, and general waste. Despite its known volatility, persistence, and toxicity in the environment, the fate of mercury in landfills has not been widely studied. The nature of landfills designed to reduce waste through generation of methane by anaerobic bacteria suggests the possibility that these systems might also serve as bioreactors for the production of methylated mercury compounds. The toxicity of such species mandates the need to determine if they are emitted in municipal landfill gas (LFG). In a previous study, we had measured levels of total gaseous mercury (TGM) in LFG in the mu g/m super(3) range in two Florida landfills, and elevated levels of monomethyl mercury (MMM) were identified in LFG condensate, suggesting the possible existence of gaseous organic Hg compounds in LFG. In the current study, we measured TGM, Hg super(0), and methylated mercury compounds directly in LFG from another Florida landfill. Again, TGM was in the mu g/m super(3) range, MMM was found in condensate, and this time we positively identified dimethyl mercury (DMM) in the LGF in the ng/m super(3) range. These results identify landfills as a possible anthropogenic source of DMM emissions to air, and may help explain the reports of MMM in continental rainfall. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Lindberg, SE AU - Wallschlaeger, D AU - Prestbo, E M AU - Bloom, N S AU - Price, J AU - Reinhart, D AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, sll@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 4011 EP - 4015 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 35 IS - 23 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Mercury in the atmosphere KW - USA, Florida KW - Landfills KW - Rainfall KW - Urban waste KW - Gases KW - Waste disposal sites KW - Air sampling KW - Emission measurements KW - Mercury KW - Municipal wastes KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18182778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Methylated+mercury+species+in+municipal+waste+landfill+gas+sampled+in+Florida%2C+USA&rft.au=Lindberg%2C+SE%3BWallschlaeger%2C+D%3BPrestbo%2C+E+M%3BBloom%2C+N+S%3BPrice%2C+J%3BReinhart%2C+D&rft.aulast=Lindberg&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=4011&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - North America and Central/South America. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Florida; Landfills; Municipal wastes; Mercury; Gases; Emission measurements; Rainfall; Air sampling; Waste disposal sites; Mercury in the atmosphere; Urban waste ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of an automated micrometeorological method for measuring the emission of mercury vapor from wetland vegetation AN - 16135286; 5288258 AB - The ability of green plants to act as conduits to enhance the transport of Hg from soils to the atmosphere is now established, but the data base is severely limited. The potential role of this process in mobilizing Hg in global and regional cycles makes it imperative that automated methods be developed to increase our capability to measure and understand the process in a variety of ecosystems. We previously published a tower-based micrometeorological gradient method for measuring gas-phase Hg degree fluxes in terrestrial systems based on the Modified Bowen ratio (MBR) approach. The method relied on demanding and time-consuming manual sampling of Hg gradients. Automated Hg sampling methods now exist, and we describe here applications of the Tekran Hg analyzer to automated near-real-time measurements of Hg gradients over wetland vegetation. We use these data with MBR to compute fluxes of Hg from those of other trace gases. From 1996 to 1998 we sampled Hg fluxes over emergent macrophytes in the Florida Everglades, beginning with manual methods, but later deploying automated methods for most of the study to collect more than 500 30-min fluxes over 2 y. The limitations of the manual method resulted in considerable uncertainly in our earlier observations, even to the extent that we initially doubted that vegetation emissions were real. However, the automated method allowed us to quantify the actual development of Hg emission gradients over wetland vegetation. Following sunrise Hg fluxes show diel patterns similar to those of CO sub(2) and H sub(2)O, providing information on the possible mechanisms of Hg emission. Our data suggest mean daytime emission rates of Hg over these wetlands on the order of 30 ng/m super(2)/h. Fluxes were influenced by temperature, solar radiation, and atmospheric turbulence. There exists a significant biotic re-emission of Hg degree from the oceans, and our data provide the first direct evidence of a similar process in subtropical wetlands. JF - Wetlands Ecology and Management AU - Lindberg, SE AU - Meyers, T P AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, SLL@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 333 EP - 347 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 0923-4861, 0923-4861 KW - USA, Florida, Everglades KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - USA, Florida KW - Measuring Instruments KW - Evaporation KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Automation KW - Micrometeorology KW - Vapors KW - Micrometeorological measurements KW - Emission measurements KW - Wetlands KW - Sampling KW - Vegetation influences KW - Data Collections KW - Air pollution measurements KW - Pollutant Identification KW - Mercury emission from wetlands KW - Diel Variations KW - Measuring techniques KW - Vegetation KW - Macrophytes KW - Analytical techniques KW - Mercury KW - D 04100:Terrestrial ecosystems - general KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - M2 551.584:Microclimatology (551.584) KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16135286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Development+of+an+automated+micrometeorological+method+for+measuring+the+emission+of+mercury+vapor+from+wetland+vegetation&rft.au=Lindberg%2C+SE%3BMeyers%2C+T+P&rft.aulast=Lindberg&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=09234861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Biogeochemistry of mercury in wetlands. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Evaporation; Pollution dispersion; Analytical techniques; Mercury; Wetlands; Measuring techniques; Mercury emission from wetlands; Micrometeorological measurements; Vegetation influences; Micrometeorology; Macrophytes; Vapors; Emission measurements; Automation; Vegetation; Air pollution measurements; Pollutant Identification; Diel Variations; Measuring Instruments; Sampling; Data Collections; USA, Florida ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon sequestration in thinned, fertilized Doug-fir stands on glacial and volcanic soils AN - 1020539989; 2012-057949 JF - SSSA-ASA-CSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts AU - Adams, A B AU - Harrison, R B AU - Luxmoore, R L AU - Garten, C T AU - McCarthy, J F AU - Amonette, J E AU - Palmer, J A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 EP - unpaginated PB - American Society of Agronomy and Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America, [varies] VL - 2001 KW - United States KW - soils KW - forest soils KW - Spermatophyta KW - Plantae KW - Washington KW - carbon sequestration KW - micromorphology KW - volcanic soils KW - Gymnospermae KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - Coniferales KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - nitrogen KW - carbon dioxide KW - Puget Sound KW - fertilization KW - Pseudotsuga KW - carbon KW - organic carbon KW - lysimeters KW - 25:Soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020539989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Carbon+sequestration+in+thinned%2C+fertilized+Doug-fir+stands+on+glacial+and+volcanic+soils&rft.au=Adams%2C+A+B%3BHarrison%2C+R+B%3BLuxmoore%2C+R+L%3BGarten%2C+C+T%3BMcCarthy%2C+J+F%3BAmonette%2C+J+E%3BPalmer%2C+J+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 annual meeting of the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - #06963 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; Coniferales; fertilization; forest soils; Gymnospermae; lysimeters; micromorphology; nitrogen; organic carbon; Plantae; pollution; Pseudotsuga; Puget Sound; remediation; soils; solutes; Spermatophyta; United States; volcanic soils; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron-mediated destruction of metolachlor; roles of surface oxides AN - 1020539373; 2012-057979 JF - SSSA-ASA-CSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts AU - Satapanajaru, Tunlawit AU - Comfort, S D AU - Shea, P J AU - Machacek, T A AU - Roh, Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 EP - unpaginated PB - American Society of Agronomy and Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America, [varies] VL - 2001 KW - soils KW - silicates KW - degradation KW - oxidation KW - herbicides KW - dehalogenation KW - metolachlor KW - aqueous solutions KW - iron KW - clay minerals KW - organic compounds KW - mineral composition KW - metals KW - dechlorination KW - chemical properties KW - sheet silicates KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020539373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Iron-mediated+destruction+of+metolachlor%3B+roles+of+surface+oxides&rft.au=Satapanajaru%2C+Tunlawit%3BComfort%2C+S+D%3BShea%2C+P+J%3BMachacek%2C+T+A%3BRoh%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Satapanajaru&rft.aufirst=Tunlawit&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 annual meeting of the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - CODEN - #06963 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; chemical properties; clay minerals; dechlorination; degradation; dehalogenation; herbicides; iron; metals; metolachlor; mineral composition; organic compounds; oxidation; pesticides; sheet silicates; silicates; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution of uranium in deeply weathered shale at the DOE NABIR FRC Site, Oak Ridge, TN AN - 1020539349; 2012-057976 JF - SSSA-ASA-CSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts AU - Phillips, Debra H AU - Watson, D B AU - Roh, Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 EP - unpaginated PB - American Society of Agronomy and Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America, [varies] VL - 2001 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - nitric acid KW - shale KW - pollution KW - tailings ponds KW - kaolinite KW - ground water KW - clay minerals KW - aquifers KW - saprolite KW - sedimentary rocks KW - metals KW - weathered materials KW - Tennessee KW - sheet silicates KW - uranium KW - leaching KW - inorganic acids KW - clastic rocks KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020539349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Distribution+of+uranium+in+deeply+weathered+shale+at+the+DOE+NABIR+FRC+Site%2C+Oak+Ridge%2C+TN&rft.au=Phillips%2C+Debra+H%3BWatson%2C+D+B%3BRoh%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Debra&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 annual meeting of the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - CODEN - #06963 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; clastic rocks; clay minerals; ground water; inorganic acids; kaolinite; leaching; metals; nitric acid; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollution; saprolite; sedimentary rocks; shale; sheet silicates; silicates; tailings ponds; Tennessee; United States; uranium; weathered materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - X-ray measurement of fundamental illite particle thickness AN - 1020538989; 2012-057846 JF - SSSA-ASA-CSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts AU - Shang, C AU - Rice, J A AU - Eberl, D D AU - Lin, J S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 EP - unpaginated PB - American Society of Agronomy and Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America, [varies] VL - 2001 KW - silicates KW - rectorite KW - cation exchange capacity KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - smectite KW - illite KW - measurement KW - clay minerals KW - sheet silicates KW - particulate materials KW - transformations KW - uncertainty KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020538989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.atitle=X-ray+measurement+of+fundamental+illite+particle+thickness&rft.au=Shang%2C+C%3BRice%2C+J+A%3BEberl%2C+D+D%3BLin%2C+J+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shang&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 annual meeting of the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - CODEN - #06963 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cation exchange capacity; clay minerals; illite; measurement; particulate materials; rectorite; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; transformations; uncertainty; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A systemic biokinetic model for polonium AN - 18114035; 5209127 AB - Although the biokinetics of polonium has been studied extensively, interpretation of the data is complicated by potential differences with species and route of exposure and the questionable reliability of much of the reported excretion data for man. A study was undertaken to identify the data that are most likely to represent the typical behavior of polonium and apply those data to construct an improved, physiologically realistic systemic biokinetic model for polonium in man. Such a model is needed for interpretation of urinary excretion data for workers exposed to super(210)Po and reconstruction of the radiation doses received by those workers. This paper reviews the database on the biokinetics of polonium and describes a new systemic biokinetic model for polonium in man. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Leggett, R W AU - Eckerman, K F AD - Life Sciences Division, Commerce Park, Building 1060COM, MS6480, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, rwl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/07/25/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jul 25 SP - 109 EP - 125 VL - 275 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Polonium KW - Radiation KW - Occupational exposure KW - Urine KW - Kinetics KW - Excretion KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18114035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=A+systemic+biokinetic+model+for+polonium&rft.au=Leggett%2C+R+W%3BEckerman%2C+K+F&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-07-25&rft.volume=275&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polonium; Radiation; Occupational exposure; Urine; Excretion; Kinetics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological risk assessment of multimedia hazardous air pollutants: Estimating exposure and effects AN - 18100094; 5171338 AB - Hazardous air pollutants, some of which have the potential for multimedia distribution, raise several hurdles for ecological risk assessment including: (1) the development of an adequate transport, fate and exposure model; and (2) the selection of exposure-response models that can accommodate multiple exposure routes for ecological receptors. To address the first issue, the EPA Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards has developed TRIM.FaTE, a mass-balance, fate, transport, and ecological exposure model that is a component of the Total Risk Integrated Methodology (TRIM) for air pollutants. In addition to abiotic transfers and transformations, TRIM.FaTE estimates the uptake of a chemical by terrestrial and aquatic organisms with time. Measures of exposure that TRIM.FaTE can provide include: (1) body burdens or tissue concentrations; (2) doses averaged over any time period; or (3) concentrations of chemicals in abiotic media. The model provides the user with the flexibility to choose the exposure-response thresholds or dose-response relationships that are best suited to data availability, routes of exposure, and the mechanism of toxicity of the chemical to an ecological receptor. One of the challenges of incorporating TRIM.FaTE into a risk assessment methodology lies in defining a streamlined model simulation scenario for initial screening-level risk assessments. These assessments may encompass multiple facilities that emit a variety of pollutants near diverse ecosystems. The information on ecological risk assessment methodology that is described is applicable to the EPA Residual Risk Program with emphasis on multimedia pollutants and the role of TRIM.FaTE. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Efroymson, R A AU - Murphy, D L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, efroymsonra@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/07/02/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jul 02 SP - 219 EP - 230 VL - 274 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - air quality KW - dose-response effects KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Terrestrial environments KW - Models KW - Chemical pollution KW - Environmental impact KW - Air pollution KW - Terrestrial ecosystems KW - Hazardous materials KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18100094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Ecological+risk+assessment+of+multimedia+hazardous+air+pollutants%3A+Estimating+exposure+and+effects&rft.au=Efroymson%2C+R+A%3BMurphy%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Efroymson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-07-02&rft.volume=274&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Thematic Issue: Toxicology and Risk Assessment Approaches. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental impact; Risk assessment; Hazardous materials; Air pollution; Terrestrial environments; Aquatic organisms; Chemical pollution; Models; Terrestrial ecosystems ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Data and metadata reporting standards for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's PM Supersites Research Program. AN - 71365721; 12553078 AB - The EPA Supersites Research Program needs consistency of metadata and data structures to facilitate information sharing among investigators, analysts, and ultimately secondary data users. Under the auspices of NARSTO a successful mechanism was created to develop and implement reporting standards. The development effort included working closely with Supersites data coordinators, investigators, and technical experts, and also leveraging from existing data standards and practices. Overall, the standards are getting good acceptance from the atmospheric research community. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Hook, L A AU - Christensen, S W AU - Sukloff, W B AD - NARSTO Quality Systems Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. hookla@ornl.gov PY - 2001 SP - 155 EP - 164 VL - 9 IS - 3-4 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Cities KW - Guideline Adherence KW - Humans KW - Forms and Records Control KW - Documentation -- standards KW - Database Management Systems KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- organization & administration KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Research Design -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71365721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=Data+and+metadata+reporting+standards+for+the+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+PM+Supersites+Research+Program.&rft.au=Hook%2C+L+A%3BChristensen%2C+S+W%3BSukloff%2C+W+B&rft.aulast=Hook&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-11 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aqueous high-temperature solubility studies; II, The solubility of boehmite at 0.03 m ionic strength as a function of temperature and pH as determined by in situ measurements AN - 52208703; 2001-055416 AB - The solubility of pure synthetic boehmite (gamma AlOOH) has been measured over a wide range of pH (2-10, depending on temperature), and temperature (100-290 degrees C) at 0.03 mol.kg (super -1) ionic strength (NaCl) in a hydrogen-electrode concentration cell (HECC), which provided continuous in situ measurement of hydrogen ion molality (Palmer et al. 2001). A least-squares regression of the results obtained was used to determine the molal solubility quotients (Q (sub s0) to Q (sub s4) ) of boehmite. The solubility products (Q (sub sn) ) were extrapolated to infinite dilution (K (sub sn) ), permitting calculation of the thermodynamic properties of aqueous species of aluminum for comparison with previous works, such as Bourcier et al. (1993) and Castet et al. (1993). These results are generally consistent with the latter study conducted near infinite dilution, although some significant differences are apparent, particularly near the solubility minimum. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Benezeth, Pascale AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Wesolowski, David J Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 2097 EP - 2111 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 65 IS - 13 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - boehmite KW - experimental studies KW - mineral-water interface KW - aqueous solutions KW - solubility KW - ions KW - temperature KW - laboratory studies KW - theoretical studies KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - oxides KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - synthetic materials KW - pH KW - high temperature KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Aqueous+high-temperature+solubility+studies%3B+II%2C+The+solubility+of+boehmite+at+0.03+m+ionic+strength+as+a+function+of+temperature+and+pH+as+determined+by+in+situ+measurements&rft.au=Benezeth%2C+Pascale%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Benezeth&rft.aufirst=Pascale&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2097&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2801%2900585-3 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices; for reference to Part 1 see Palmer, D. A., et al., Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, Vol. 65, p. 2081-2095, 2001 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; boehmite; chemical reactions; experimental studies; geochemistry; high temperature; ions; laboratory studies; mineral-water interface; oxides; pH; phase equilibria; solubility; synthetic materials; temperature; theoretical studies; thermodynamic properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00585-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aqueous high-temperature solubility studies; I, The solubility of boehmite as functions of ionic strength (to 5 molal, NaCl), temperature (100-290 degrees C), and pH as determined by in situ measurements AN - 52208396; 2001-055415 AB - The solubility of boehmite, gamma -AlOOH, was measured in a modified hydrogen-electrode concentration cell, which provided continuous in situ measurements of hydrogen ion molality over the range of ionic strengths from 0.1 to 5.0 mol.kg (super -1) (NaCl) at temperatures from 100 to 290 degrees C. A series of conventional solubility measurements was also carried out in acidic solutions over the same temperature range (i.e., pH was not monitored, but rather calculated from mass balance). The combined results yielded the molal solubility quotients, Q (sub s0) and Q (sub s4) for the equilibria: AlOOH (sub (cr)) + 3H (super +) Al (super 3+) + 2H (sub 2) O; Q (sub s0) = [Al (super 3+) ]/[H (super +) ] (super 3) ; AlOOH (sub (cr)) + 2H (sub 2) OAl(OH) (sub 4) (super -) + H (super +) ; Q (sub s4) = [Al(OH) (sub 4) (super -) ][H (super +) ]. In the regression of each isothermal data set, the values for the first hydrolysis quotient, Al (super 3+) + H (sub 2) OAl(OH) (super 2+) + H (super +) ; Q (sub 1,1) = [Al(OH) (super 2+) ][H (super +) ]/[Al (super 3+) ] were fixed according to a previous potentiometric study (Palmer and Wesolowski, 1993). Moreover, for one series of titrations at 0.1 mol.kg (super -1) ionic strength at 150 degrees C, the remaining two solubility quotients, Q (sub s2) and Q (sub s3) , were determined simultaneously from the regression. However, at all other conditions, the values of Q (sub s2) and Q (sub s3) were also fixed at values consistent with the corresponding 0.03 mol.kg (super -1) ionic strength results (Benezeth et al., 2001) by invoking the isocoulombic assumption (i.e., an assumption of minimal ionic strength dependence for reactions with no net change in charge). The stability field with respect to pH of the Al(OH) (sub 2) (super +) and Al(OH) (sub 3) (super 0) aqueous species were found to be very narrow, and hence assumptions concerning their stabilities had little effect on the predicted shape of the solubility profiles at high ionic strength. Global fits were made of the log Q (sub s0) and log Q (sub s4) values as functions of temperature and ionic strength after combining with corresponding values from an analogous study at 0.03 mol.kg (super -1) ionic strength (Benezeth et al., 2001), as well as appropriate constants taken from the literature. The fits were further constrained by inclusion of gibbsite solubility data (<100 degrees C) in NaCl media (Wesolowski, 1992; Palmer and Wesolowski, 1992) after adjustment for the relative free energies of formation of gibbsite and boehmite. This treatment ensured that a continuous empirical model exists for Al (super 3+) and Al(OH) (sub 4) (super -) from ambient conditions to 300 degrees C and infinite dilution to five mol.kg (super -1) ionic strength. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Benezeth, Pascale AU - Wesolowski, David J Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 2081 EP - 2095 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 65 IS - 13 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - boehmite KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - mineral-water interface KW - aqueous solutions KW - solubility KW - ions KW - temperature KW - measurement KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - oxides KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - high temperature KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Aqueous+high-temperature+solubility+studies%3B+I%2C+The+solubility+of+boehmite+as+functions+of+ionic+strength+%28to+5+molal%2C+NaCl%29%2C+temperature+%28100-290+degrees+C%29%2C+and+pH+as+determined+by+in+situ+measurements&rft.au=Palmer%2C+Donald+A%3BBenezeth%2C+Pascale%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2081&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2801%2900584-1 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 10 tables N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to Part 2 see Benezeth, P., et al., Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, Vol. 65, p. 2097-2111, 2001 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; aqueous solutions; boehmite; chemical reactions; experimental studies; geochemistry; high temperature; in situ; ions; laboratory studies; measurement; metals; mineral-water interface; oxides; pH; phase equilibria; sodium chloride; solubility; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00584-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating seawater chemistry from fluid inclusions in halite; examples from modern marine and nonmarine environments AN - 52201815; 2001-060365 AB - Fluid inclusions from marine halites have long been studied to determine the chemical composition of ancient seawater. Chemical analyses of the major ions in fluid inclusions in halites from the solar saltwork of Great Inagua Island, Bahamas, and from the supratidal sabkha, Baja California, Mexico, show that modern marine halites faithfully record the chemical signature of seawater. The major ions in Great Inagua and Baja California fluid inclusions display distinctive linear trends when plotted against one another (ie., Na (super +) , K (super +) , and SO (sub 4) (super 2-) vs. Mg (super 2+) and Cl (super -) ), which track the evaporation path of seawater as it evolved during the crystallization of halite. These evaporation paths defined for the major ions by fluid inclusions in halite overlap findings of computer simulations of the evaporation of modern seawater by the Harvie, Moller, and Weare (HMW) computer program. The close match between the HMW seawater evaporation paths and the Great Inagua fluid inclusion data is not surprising considering the carefully controlled inflow, evaporation, and discharge of seawater at the Great Inagua saltwork. The major ion chemistry of fluid inclusions from the Baja California halites matches the HMW seawater evaporation paths in most respects, but one Baja fluid inclusion has lower concentrations of Mg (super 2+) than evaporated seawater. Nonmarine inflows and syndepositional recycling of preexisting salts in the Baja California supratidal setting were not large enough to override the chemical signature of evaporating seawater as the primary control on the Baja fluid inclusion compositions. Fluid inclusions in halites from the nonmarine Qaidam Basin, Qinghai Province, western China, have a distinctly different major ion chemical signature than does "global" seawater. The fluid inclusion chemistries from the Qaidam Basin halites do not lie on the evaporation pathways defined by modern seawater and can clearly be differentiated from fluid inclusions containing evaporated seawater. If fluid inclusions in halites from modern natural settings contain unmistakable samples of evaporated seawater, then evaluation of the chemistry of ancient seawater by chemical analysis of fluid inclusions in ancient marine halites by means of the same approach should be valid. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Timofeeff, M N AU - Lowenstein, T K AU - Brennan, S T AU - Demicco, R V AU - Zimmermann, H AU - Horita, J AU - von Borstel, L E Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 2293 EP - 2300 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 65 IS - 14 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - halides KW - terrestrial environment KW - sea water KW - Far East KW - natural materials KW - data processing KW - paleo-oceanography KW - Great Inagua Island KW - ions KW - modern KW - Baja California KW - supratidal environment KW - inclusions KW - digital simulation KW - chlorides KW - sebkha environment KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - China KW - experimental studies KW - West Indies KW - Caribbean region KW - hydrochemistry KW - halite KW - evaporation KW - Bahamas KW - Mexico KW - Qaidam Basin KW - marine environment KW - Qinghai China KW - islands KW - fluid inclusions KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52201815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Evaluating+seawater+chemistry+from+fluid+inclusions+in+halite%3B+examples+from+modern+marine+and+nonmarine+environments&rft.au=Timofeeff%2C+M+N%3BLowenstein%2C+T+K%3BBrennan%2C+S+T%3BDemicco%2C+R+V%3BZimmermann%2C+H%3BHorita%2C+J%3Bvon+Borstel%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Timofeeff&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=2293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2801%2900591-9 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; Bahamas; Baja California; Caribbean region; China; chlorides; data processing; digital simulation; evaporation; experimental studies; Far East; fluid inclusions; geochemistry; Great Inagua Island; halides; halite; hydrochemistry; inclusions; ions; islands; marine environment; Mexico; modern; natural materials; paleo-oceanography; Qaidam Basin; Qinghai China; sea water; sebkha environment; supratidal environment; terrestrial environment; West Indies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00591-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature-dependent oxygen and carbon isotope fractionations of biogenic siderite AN - 52201759; 2001-060363 AB - Isotopic compositions of biogenic iron minerals may be used to infer environmental conditions under which bacterial iron reduction occurs. The major goal of this study is to examine temperature-dependent isotope fractionations associated with biogenic siderite (FeCO (sub 3) ). Experiments were performed by using both mesophilic (45 degrees C) iron-reducing bacteria. In addition, control experiments were performed to examine fractionations under nonbiologic conditions. Temperature-dependent oxygen isotope fractionation occurred between biogenic siderite and water from which the mineral was precipitated. Samples in thermophilic cultures (45-75 degrees C) gave the best linear correlation, which can be described as 10 (super 3) lnalpha (sub sid-wt) = 2.56X10 (super 6) T (super -2) (K)+1.69. This empirical equation agrees with that derived from inorganically precipitated siderite by Carothers et al. (1988) and may be used to approximate equilibrium fractionation. Carbon isotope fractionation between biogenic siderite and CO (sub 2) , based on limited data, also varied with temperature and was consistent with the inorganically precipitated siderite of Carothers et al. (1988). These results indicate that temperature is a controlling factor for isotopic variations in biogenic minerals examined in this study. The temperature-dependent fractionations under laboratory conditions, however, could be complicated by other factors including incubation time and concentration of bicarbonate. Early precipitated siderite at 120-mM initial bicarbonate tended to be enriched in (super 18) O. Siderite formed at <30 mM of bicarbonate tended to be depleted in (super 18) O. Other variables, such as isotopic compositions of water, types of bacterial species, or bacterial growth rates, had little effect on the fractionation. In addition, siderite formed in abiotic controls had similar oxygen isotopic compositions as those of biogenic siderite at the same temperature, suggesting that microbial fractionations cannot be distinguished from abiotic fractionations under conditions examined here. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Zhang, Chuanlun L AU - Horita, Juske AU - Cole, David R AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Lovley, Derek R AU - Phelps, Tommy J Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 2257 EP - 2271 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 65 IS - 14 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - isotope fractionation KW - geologic thermometry KW - oxygen KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - data processing KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - laboratory studies KW - MINTEQ KW - carbon KW - thermophilic taxa KW - experimental studies KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - mineral-water interface KW - O-18/O-16 KW - bicarbonate ion KW - siderite KW - biogenic processes KW - precipitation KW - bacteria KW - theoretical models KW - carbonates KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52201759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Temperature-dependent+oxygen+and+carbon+isotope+fractionations+of+biogenic+siderite&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Chuanlun+L%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong%3BLovley%2C+Derek+R%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Chuanlun&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=2257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2801%2900596-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; bicarbonate ion; biogenic processes; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbonates; data processing; experimental studies; geologic thermometry; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; laboratory studies; mineral-water interface; MINTEQ; O-18/O-16; oxygen; precipitation; siderite; stable isotopes; temperature; theoretical models; thermophilic taxa; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00596-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intertemporal Permit Trading for the Control of Greenhouse Gas Emissions AN - 18074162; 5150800 AB - This paper integrates two themes in the intertemporal permit literature through the construction of an intertemporal banking system for a pollutant that creates both stock and flow damages. A permit banking system for the special case of a pollutant that only causes stock damages is also developed. This latter, simpler case corresponds roughly to the greenhouse gas emission reduction regime proposed by the U.S. Department of State as a means of fulfilling the U.S. commitment to the Framework Convention on Climate Change. This paper shows that environmental regulators can achieve the socially optimal level of emissions and output through time by setting the correct total sum of allowable emissions, and specifying the correct intertemporal trading ratio for banking and borrowing. For the case of greenhouse gases, we show that the optimal growth rate of permit prices, and therefore the optimal intertemporal trading rate, has the closed-form solution equal to the ratio of current marginal stock damages to the discounted future value of marginal stock damages less the decay rate of emissions in the atmosphere. Given a non-optimal negotiated emission path we then derive a permit banking system that has the potential to lower net social costs by adjusting the intertemporal trading ratio taking into account the behavior of private agents. We use a simple numerical simulation model to illustrate the potential gains from various possible banking systems. JF - Environmental & Resource Economics AU - Leiby, P AU - Rubin, J AD - Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, M.S. 6205, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6205, leibypn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - Jul 2001 SP - 229 EP - 256 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0924-6460, 0924-6460 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Emissions trading KW - Environmental economics KW - Emission control KW - Permits KW - Greenhouse gases KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18074162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+%26+Resource+Economics&rft.atitle=Intertemporal+Permit+Trading+for+the+Control+of+Greenhouse+Gas+Emissions&rft.au=Leiby%2C+P%3BRubin%2C+J&rft.aulast=Leiby&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+%26+Resource+Economics&rft.issn=09246460&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental economics; Emissions trading; Permits; Greenhouse gases; Emission control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen isotope and trace element zoning in hydrothermal garnets; windows into large-scale fluid-flow behavior AN - 52228345; 2001-043114 AB - Single garnet crystals from a large, multicyclic hydrothermal system in Far East Russia are strongly growth zoned. Microscale ion microprobe analysis reveals consistent intracrystalline patterns in oxygen isotope composition and boron and iron contents, reflecting evolution of the hydrothermal system from magmatic- to meteoric-dominated conditions, and repetitive influx of magmatic fluids. Large intracrystalline variations in oxygen isotope composition (>12 per mil delta (super 18) O) delimit temporal evolution of magmatic and meteoric fluid input within different portions of the hydrothermal system, and suggest that fluid-flow regimes differed between central and distal portions of the system. These results provide compelling evidence that microanalytical data can be extrapolated from intracrystalline scales to study macroscale processes in complex, large-scale fluid-rock systems. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Crowe, Douglas E AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Bezenek, Sandra AU - Ignatiev (Ignat'yev), Alexander (Aleksandr) Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 479 EP - 482 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - silicates KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - garnet group KW - mass spectra KW - Primorye Russian Federation KW - Russian Federation KW - stable isotopes KW - variations KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - crystal zoning KW - metamorphic rocks KW - orthosilicates KW - spectra KW - mineral assemblages KW - trace elements KW - Asia KW - skarn KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - nesosilicates KW - Russian Far East KW - crystal chemistry KW - metasomatic rocks KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52228345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Oxygen+isotope+and+trace+element+zoning+in+hydrothermal+garnets%3B+windows+into+large-scale+fluid-flow+behavior&rft.au=Crowe%2C+Douglas+E%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BBezenek%2C+Sandra%3BIgnatiev+%28Ignat%27yev%29%2C+Alexander+%28Aleksandr%29&rft.aulast=Crowe&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=479&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/gsaonline/?request=get-abstract&issn=0091-7613&volume=029&issue=06&page=0479 http://www.gsajournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; Commonwealth of Independent States; crystal chemistry; crystal zoning; garnet group; hydrothermal conditions; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; metamorphic rocks; metasomatic rocks; mineral assemblages; nesosilicates; O-18/O-16; orthosilicates; oxygen; Primorye Russian Federation; Russian Far East; Russian Federation; silicates; skarn; spectra; stable isotopes; trace elements; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil-landscape relationships at the lower reaches of a watershed at Bear Creek near Oak Ridge, Tennessee AN - 52216779; 2001-047710 AB - The watersheds at Bear Creek, Oak Ridge, TN, have similar soil-landscape relationships. The lower reaches of many of these watersheds consist of headwater riparian wetlands situated between sloping non-wetland upland zones. The objectives of this study are to examine the effects of (i) slope and geomorphic processes, (ii) human impacts, and (iii) particular characteristics of soils and saprolite that may effect drainage and water movement in the wetlands and adjacent landscapes in one of these watersheds. A transect was run from west to east in a hydrological monitored area at the lower reaches of a watershed on Bear Creek. This transect extended from a steep side slope position across a floodplain, a terrace, and a shoulder slope. On the upland positions of the Nolichucky Shale, mass wasting, overland flow and soil creep currently inhibit soil formation on the steep side slope position where a Typic Dystrudept is present, while soil stability on the shoulder slope has resulted in the formation of a well-developed Typic Hapludult. In these soils, argillic horizons occur above C horizons on less sloping gradients in comparison to steeper slopes, which have Bw horizons over Cr (saprolite) material. A riparian wetland area occupies the floodplain section, where a Typic Endoaquept is characterized by poorly drained conditions that led to the development of redoximorphic features (mottling), gleying, organic matter accumulation, and minimal development of subsurface horizons. A thin colluvial deposit overlies a thick well developed Aquic Hapludalf that formed in alluvial sediments on the terrace position. The colluvial deposit from the adjacent shoulder slope is thought to result from soil creep and anthropogenic erosion caused by past cultivation practices. Runoff from the adjacent sloping landscape and groundwater from the adjacent wetland area perhaps contribute to the somewhat poorly drained conditions of this profile. Perched watertables occur in upland positions due to dense saprolite and clay plugging in the shallow zones of the saprolite. However, no redoximorphic features are observed in the soil on the side slope due to high runoff. Remnants of the underlying shale saprolite, which occur as small discolored zones resembling mottles, are also present. The soils in the study have a CEC of <10 cmol kg (super -1) , silt loam textures and Fe (sub d) values of 0.5-4.3%. These soils are also mainly acidic and low in total carbon. JF - Catena (Giessen) AU - Phillips, D H AU - Foss, J E AU - Stiles, C A AU - Trettin, C C AU - Luxmoore, R J Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 205 EP - 222 PB - Elsevier VL - 44 IS - 3 SN - 0341-8162, 0341-8162 KW - United States KW - slopes KW - floodplains KW - Ultisols KW - watersheds KW - catenas KW - terraces KW - Cambrian KW - Upper Cambrian KW - Nolichucky Formation KW - Bear Creek valley KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mass movements KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - soils KW - processes KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - pedogenesis KW - soil profiles KW - cation exchange capacity KW - colluvium KW - clastic sediments KW - Paleozoic KW - landform description KW - human activity KW - drainage KW - Endoaquepts KW - morphology KW - saprolite KW - riparian environment KW - Inceptisols KW - wetlands KW - soil surveys KW - parent materials KW - hydric soils KW - fluvial features KW - surveys KW - geomorphology KW - landscapes KW - Hapludults KW - clastic rocks KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52216779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Catena+%28Giessen%29&rft.atitle=Soil-landscape+relationships+at+the+lower+reaches+of+a+watershed+at+Bear+Creek+near+Oak+Ridge%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Phillips%2C+D+H%3BFoss%2C+J+E%3BStiles%2C+C+A%3BTrettin%2C+C+C%3BLuxmoore%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Catena+%28Giessen%29&rft.issn=03418162&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03418162 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., block diag., 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CIJPD3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anderson County Tennessee; Bear Creek valley; Cambrian; catenas; cation exchange capacity; clastic rocks; clastic sediments; colluvium; drainage; Endoaquepts; floodplains; fluvial features; forests; geomorphology; Hapludults; human activity; hydric soils; hydrology; Inceptisols; landform description; landscapes; mass movements; morphology; Nolichucky Formation; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Paleozoic; parent materials; pedogenesis; processes; riparian environment; saprolite; sedimentary rocks; sediments; slopes; soil profiles; soil surveys; soils; surveys; Tennessee; terraces; Ultisols; United States; Upper Cambrian; watersheds; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon isotope exchange in the system CO (sub 2) -CH (sub 4) at elevated temperatures AN - 52214610; 2001-051219 AB - Carbon isotope exchange was investigated for the system CO (sub 2) -CH (sub 4) at 150 to 600 degrees C in the presence of several potential catalysts by use of isotopically normal or (super 13) C-enriched gases. Silica gel, graphite, molecular sieve Linde 4A, magnetite, and hematite oxidized small amounts of CH (sub 4) in starting CO (sub 2) -CH (sub 4) mixtures to CO and CO (sub 2) but failed to enhance the net rate of carbon isotope exchange between CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) , even after 169 to 1833 h at 400 to 500 degrees C. In contrast, several commercial transition-metal catalysts (Ni, Pd, Rh, and Pt) promoted reactions significantly toward chemical and isotopic equilibrium. With the Ni catalyst, the attainment of carbon isotopic equilibrium between CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) was demonstrated for the first time at temperatures from 200 to 600 degrees C by complete isotopic reversal from opposite directions. The experimentally determined carbon isotope fractionation factors between CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) (10 (super 3) lnalpha ) were similar to, but slightly greater than (0.7-1.1 per mil, 0.89 per mil on average), those of statistical-mechanical calculations by Richet et al. (1977). The experimental results can be described by the following equation between 200 and 600 degrees C only: 10 (super 3) lnalpha (CO (sub 2) -CH (sub 4) ) = 26.70 - 49.137(10 (super 3) /T) + 40.828(10 (super 6) /T (super 2) ) - 7.512(10 (super 9) /T (super 3) ) (T = 473.15-873.15 K, 1sigma = + or -0.14 per mil, n = 44). Alternatively, an equation generated by fitting Richet et al. (1977) data in the temperature range from 0 to 1300 degrees C can be modified by adding +0.89 per mil to its constant; 10 (super 3) lnalpha (CO (sub 2) -CH (sub 4) ) = 0.16 + 11.754(10 (super 6) /T (super 2) ) - 2.3655(10 (super 9) /T (super 3) ) + 0.2054(10 (super 12) /T (super 4) ) (T = 273-1573 K, 1sigma = + or -0.21 per mil, n = 44). This and other recent experimental studies in the literature demonstrate that transition metals, which are widespread in many natural materials, can catalyze reactions among natural gases at relatively low temperatures (< or =200 degrees C). The role of natural catalysts, "geocatalysts," in the abiogenic formation of methane, hydrocarbons, and simple organic compounds has important implications, ranging from the exploration of hydrocarbon resources to prebiotic organic synthesis. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Horita, Juske Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 1907 EP - 1919 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 65 IS - 12 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - methane KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - alkanes KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - partitioning KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - catalysis KW - phase equilibria KW - carbon KW - hydrocarbons KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - high temperature KW - P-T conditions KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52214610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Carbon+isotope+exchange+in+the+system+CO+%28sub+2%29+-CH+%28sub+4%29+at+elevated+temperatures&rft.au=Horita%2C+Juske&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=Juske&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1907&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2801%2900570-1 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 77 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon dioxide; catalysis; experimental studies; geochemistry; high temperature; hydrocarbons; isotope ratios; isotopes; laboratory studies; methane; organic compounds; P-T conditions; partitioning; phase equilibria; reduction; stable isotopes; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00570-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quartz silt in the sedimentary record; a diagenetic origin AN - 52187727; 2001-070895 JF - AAPG Bulletin AU - Schieber, Juergen AU - Krinsley, David AU - Riciputi, Lee AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 1141 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK VL - 85 IS - 6 SN - 0149-1423, 0149-1423 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - mudstone KW - silica minerals KW - clastic sediments KW - silt KW - Eastern U.S. KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - diagenesis KW - sediments KW - quartz KW - framework silicates KW - clastic rocks KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52187727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Quartz+silt+in+the+sedimentary+record%3B+a+diagenetic+origin&rft.au=Schieber%2C+Juergen%3BKrinsley%2C+David%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schieber&rft.aufirst=Juergen&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.issn=01491423&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://aapgbull.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG Pacific Section N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AABUD2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic rocks; clastic sediments; diagenesis; Eastern U.S.; framework silicates; mineral composition; mudstone; quartz; sedimentary rocks; sediments; silica minerals; silicates; silt; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fundamental geochemical research on long-term carbon sequestration in subsurface AN - 52061870; 2002-068677 AB - Environments To properly assess the viability of long-term CO (sub 2) sequestration, accurate information is needed on the thermophysical properties, phase relations, stable-isotope systematics, and reaction kinetics of C-bearing fluids and minerals under subsurface conditions. Accordingly, we are performing various laboratory experiments to investigate: (i) the thermophysical properties and phase relations of CO (sub 2) -CH (sub 4) -H (sub 2) O fluids; (ii) carbon and oxygen isotope partitioning during carbonate precipitation; and (iii) the utility of natural isotopic tracers in quantifying CO2 residence times, storage capacity and reaction mechanisms in the subsurface. The ultimate aim of the research on CO (sub 2) -CH (sub 4) -H (sub 2) O fluids is to develop a comprehensive equation of state for binary and ternary mixtures of CO (sub 2) , CH (sub 4) and H (sub 2) O at pressure-temperature conditions representative of those in deep gas fields and saline aquifers. To acquire the data needed to create the model, two unique, custom-designed devices at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (a high pressure vibrating-tube densimeter, and a hydrogen-service internally heated pressure vessel) are being used to measure the densities, excess molar volumes, miscibility limits and activity-composition relations of CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O, CH (sub 4) -H (sub 2) O and ternary CO (sub 2) -CH (sub 4) -H (sub 2) O mixtures at P-T conditions near the vapor-saturation phase boundary in the H (sub 2) O system. To accurately determine the kinetics of carbonate precipitation from CO (sub 2) -rich saline waters, and associated isotope partitioning, both inorganic and microbially mediated processes are being studied under environmental conditions encountered during CO (sub 2) injection into the subsurface. Our results indicate that the behavior of isotopes is affected by the composition of water and the precipitation rate of carbonate minerals. Preliminary results on carbon isotope partitioning between CO (sub 2) and hydrocarbon-saturated rock reacted statically at 25 degrees C (an EOR injection scenario) suggest that a light isotopic component of CO (sub 2) may be retained in the reservoir, leading to isotopically heavier CO (sub 2) further down the flow path. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Horita, Juske AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Cole, David R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 92 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists (AAPG), Tulsa, OK VL - 2001 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - petroleum KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - partitioning KW - chemical reactions KW - carbon KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - P-T conditions KW - water KW - processes KW - methane KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - O-18/O-16 KW - alkanes KW - research KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - precipitation KW - residence time KW - hydrocarbons KW - carbonates KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52061870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Fundamental+geochemical+research+on+long-term+carbon+sequestration+in+subsurface&rft.au=Horita%2C+Juske%3BBlencoe%2C+James+G%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=Juske&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aquifers; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbonates; chemical reactions; geochemistry; ground water; hydrocarbons; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; methane; O-18/O-16; organic compounds; oxygen; P-T conditions; partitioning; petroleum; physical properties; precipitation; processes; research; residence time; saturation; stable isotopes; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fundamentals and application of in situ chemical oxidation technologies AN - 52010428; 2003-023613 AB - Subsurface contamination by organic chemicals is a widespread and serious problem at industrial, government, and military sites. In situ chemical oxidation wherein strong oxidants are introduced into the subsurface, has emerged as a promising in situ remediation method for several reasons. Chlorinated solvents, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and other organics can be resistant to in situ biodegradation or may take exceedingly long periods of time in many subsurface settings. However, these organics are amenable to rapid and complete destruction by chemical oxidation and/or to partial chemical degradation as an aid to subsequent biodegradation. During the past ten years, the state-of-knowledge and standard-of-practice concerning in situ chemical oxidation has continued to advance. This paper describes the fundamentals of chemical oxidation and its emergence as an in situ remediation technology. Reaction processes and delivery systems are highlighted for three common oxidant systems including hydrogen peroxide (Fenton's reagent), permanganate, and ozone. Results of research are outlined along with observations from field applications across the U.S. Field experiences have demonstrated that the successful application of in situ chemical oxidation requires consideration of several factors through an integrated evaluation and design practice. It is clear that matching the oxidant and in situ delivery system to the contaminants of concern and the site conditions is the key to successful implementation. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Urynowicz, Michael A AU - Siegrist, Robert L AU - West, Olivia R AU - Crimi, Michelle L AU - Struse, Amanda M AU - Lowe, Kathryn S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 205 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2001 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - technology KW - degradation KW - in situ KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - chemical reactions KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - applications KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52010428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Fundamentals+and+application+of+in+situ+chemical+oxidation+technologies&rft.au=Urynowicz%2C+Michael+A%3BSiegrist%2C+Robert+L%3BWest%2C+Olivia+R%3BCrimi%2C+Michelle+L%3BStruse%2C+Amanda+M%3BLowe%2C+Kathryn+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Urynowicz&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Association of Petroleum Geologists 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; degradation; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; in situ; organic compounds; oxidation; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; solvents; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water adsorption at high temperature on core samples from The Geysers geothermal field, California, USA AN - 51801856; 2004-068024 JF - Geothermics AU - Gruszkiewicz, Miroslaw S AU - Horita, Juske AU - Simonson, John M AU - Mesmer, Robert E AU - Hulen, Jeffrey B A2 - Hulen, Jeffrey B. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 269 EP - 302 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 30 IS - 2-3 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - pressure KW - water vapor KW - mathematical models KW - adsorption KW - porosity KW - cores KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - California KW - geothermal fields KW - The Geysers KW - mineral composition KW - metamorphic rocks KW - metasedimentary rocks KW - metagraywacke KW - pore water KW - high temperature KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51801856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Water+adsorption+at+high+temperature+on+core+samples+from+The+Geysers+geothermal+field%2C+California%2C+USA&rft.au=Gruszkiewicz%2C+Miroslaw+S%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BSimonson%2C+John+M%3BMesmer%2C+Robert+E%3BHulen%2C+Jeffrey+B&rft.aulast=Gruszkiewicz&rft.aufirst=Miroslaw&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; California; cores; geothermal fields; high temperature; hydrology; mathematical models; metagraywacke; metamorphic rocks; metasedimentary rocks; mineral composition; pore water; porosity; pressure; reservoir rocks; temperature; The Geysers; United States; water vapor ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromium transport, oxidation, and adsorption in manganese-coated sand AN - 51185371; 2001-048479 AB - We examine how the processes of advection, dispersion, oxidation-reduction, and adsorption combine to affect the transport of chromium through columns packed with pyrolusite (beta -MnO (sub 2) )-coated sand. We find that beta -MnO (sub 2) effectively oxidizes Cr(III) to Cr(VI) and that the extent of oxidation is sensitive to changes in pH, pore water velocity, and influent concentrations of Cr(III). Cr(III) oxidation rates, although initially high, decline well before the supply of beta -MnO (sub 2) is depleted, suggesting that a reaction product inhibits the conversion of Cr(III) to Cr(VI). Rate-limited reactions govern the weak adsorption of each chromium species, with Cr(III) adsorption varying directly with pH and Cr(VI) adsorption varying inversely with pH. The breakthrough data on chromium transport can be matched closely by calculations of a simple model that accounts for (1) advective-dispersive transport of Cr(III), Cr(VI), and dissolved oxygen, (2) first-order kinetics adsorption of the reduced and oxidized chromium species, and (3) nonlinear rate-limited oxidation of Cr(III) to Cr(VI). Our work supplements the limited database on the transport of redox-sensitive metals in porous media and provides a means for quantifying the coupled processes that contribute to this transport. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Guha, Hillol AU - Saiers, James E AU - Brooks, Scott AU - Jardine, Phil AU - Jayachandran, Krishnaswamy Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 311 EP - 334 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 49 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - solute transport KW - dispersivity KW - pyrolusite KW - ground water KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - chromium KW - sand KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - clastic sediments KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - migration of elements KW - adsorption KW - advection KW - porosity KW - models KW - metals KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51185371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Chromium+transport%2C+oxidation%2C+and+adsorption+in+manganese-coated+sand&rft.au=Guha%2C+Hillol%3BSaiers%2C+James+E%3BBrooks%2C+Scott%3BJardine%2C+Phil%3BJayachandran%2C+Krishnaswamy&rft.aulast=Guha&rft.aufirst=Hillol&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; advection; chromium; clastic sediments; concentration; dispersivity; experimental studies; ground water; kinetics; mathematical models; metals; migration of elements; models; numerical models; oxidation; oxides; pH; pollution; pore water; porosity; porous materials; pyrolusite; reduction; sand; sediments; sensitivity analysis; solute transport; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In search of preferential flow paths in structured porous media using a simple genetic algorithm AN - 18083289; 5171518 AB - Fracture network and preferential flow path images from exposed outcrops of geological formations, exposed soil pedon faces, and extracted soil columns and rock cores are often used to conceptualize and construct models to predict the fate and transport of subsurface contaminants. Both the scale resolutions inherent in these observations and the upscaling methods used to obtain macroscopic flow and transport parameters may result in uncertainties in the prediction. We present a mechanistic-based approach that utilizes a discrete fracture flow and transport model, a distributed and high performance computational architecture, and a genetic-based search algorithm to invert scale-representative, equivalent fracture networks or the preferential flow paths. Synthetic breakthrough curves (BTCs) and exposed structural information from known fracture networks in hypothetical soil columns are presented to the search algorithm. Using three genetic operators, a simple genetic algorithm (SGA) is able to invert the correct pictures of simple but not complex fracture networks. Solute transport experiments using soil columns often assume that the structure of soil columns is laterally uniform with respect to the macroscopic transport direction and the transport process is longitudinally one-dimensional. This assumption and the one BTC thus collected for each injection of solutes, even with flow interruptions, are not sufficient to guide the search algorithm toward the global optimum. Additional information (e.g., multiple solute BTCs along a cross section of the soil column) is necessary for the SGA to invert the correct fracture network. Three SGA population statistics, fracture network uncertainty, informatic entropy, and matrix-fracture contact area, are proposed to measure the uncertainty of SGA near optima. A positive correlation between the reduction of these statistics and the level of relevant information to better confine the SGA search space was found. The SGA search algorithm is then applied to a laboratory solute transport problem. Multiple scenarios of search constraints, derived from visually traced surface features, are examined. The hypothesis that variation in fracture aperture may reduce the uncertainty of SGA near optima is also tested. The results from these applications suggest that there is a certain degree of uncertainty regarding the flowing nature of the exposed fracture segments that are visually traced. The uncertainty of SGA near optima is not improved by incorporating fracture aperture information into the fracture networks. Breakthrough curves thus calculated have marginal improvement, relative to the uniform aperture SGA near optima, in fitting the observations. The lack of improvement may be caused by the relative uniform structure of the soil and the scale of the problem. It is further suggested that in applying the search algorithm to laboratory and field problems, one explores only the search scenarios that relevant information and search constraints may warrant. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Gwo, J-P AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 1589 EP - 1601 VL - 37 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Flow KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Porous Media KW - Algorithms KW - Water resources KW - Algorithm KW - Model Studies KW - Soil KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Solute Transport KW - Groundwater KW - Preferential Flow KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Porous media KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18083289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=In+search+of+preferential+flow+paths+in+structured+porous+media+using+a+simple+genetic+algorithm&rft.au=Gwo%2C+J-P&rft.aulast=Gwo&rft.aufirst=J-P&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Flow; Water resources; Algorithm; Porous media; Geologic Fractures; Mathematical Studies; Porous Media; Solute Transport; Algorithms; Preferential Flow; Groundwater; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drinking water standards for radionuclides: the dilemma and a possible resolution. AN - 77075487; 11316079 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is undertaking a revision of existing standards for radionuclides in drinking water. The Safe Drinking Water Act specifies that any revision "shall maintain or provide for greater protection of the health of persons." This provision appears to require that existing standards (maximum contaminant levels, MCLs) cannot be relaxed. Such a requirement presents a dilemma for two reasons. First, EPA has shown that the MCL for radium was not cost-effective. Second, MCLs for beta/gamma-emitting radionuclides incorporate outdated approaches to estimating dose from ingestion of radionuclides and, thus, appear to violate provisions of the Safe Drinking Water Act concerning the use of sound science in setting standards. We suggest that this dilemma can be resolved based on an argument that the standard for protection of public health mandated by the Safe Drinking Water Act is one of applying best-available technology for removal of contaminants from drinking water at a reasonable cost, not one of meeting previously established MCLs. JF - Health physics AU - Kocher, D C AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37830-6480, USA. dck@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 486 EP - 490 VL - 80 IS - 5 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Index Medicus KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Water Supply -- standards KW - Radioisotopes -- standards KW - Water Purification -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive -- standards KW - Water Supply -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Water Purification -- standards KW - Water Purification -- economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77075487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Drinking+water+standards+for+radionuclides%3A+the+dilemma+and+a+possible+resolution.&rft.au=Kocher%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Kocher&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=486&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-04-26 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of an antibody biochip for p53 detection and cancer diagnosis. AN - 70903745; 11386877 AB - Detection of the p53 tumor suppressor gene is important in early cancer diagnostics because alterations in the gene have been associated with carcinogenic manifestations in several tissue types in humans. We have developed an antibody-based detection instrument, the biochip, to detect the presence of the anti-p53 antibody in human serum. The design of this highly integrated detector system is based on miniaturized phototransistors having multiple optical sensing elements, amplifiers, discriminators, and logic circuitry on an IC board. The system utilizes laser excitation and fluorescence signals to detect complex formation between the p53 monoclonal antibody and the p53 antigen. Recognition antibodies are immobilized on a nylon membrane platform and incubated in solutions containing antigens labeled with Cy5, a fluorescent cyanine dye. Subsequently, this membrane is placed on the detection platform of the biochip and fluorescence signal is induced using a 632.8-nm He-Ne laser. Using this immuno-biochip, we have been able to detect binding of the p53 monoclonal antibody to the human p53 cancer protein in biological matrices. The performance of the integrated phototransistors and amplifier circuits of the biochip, previously evaluated through measurement of the signal output response for various concentrations of fluorescein-labeled molecules, have illustrated the linearity of the microchip necessary for quantitative analysis. The design of this biochip permits sensitive, selective and direct measurements of a variety of antigen-antibody formations at very low concentrations. Furthermore, the acquisitions of the qualitative and quantitative results are accomplished rapidly, in about 15 min. These features demonstrate the potential of this antibody-based biochip for simple, rapid and early biomedical diagnostics of cancer. JF - Biotechnology progress AU - Askari, M AU - Alarie, J P AU - Moreno-Bondi, M AU - Vo-Dinh, T AD - Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6101, USA. PY - 2001 SP - 543 EP - 552 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 8756-7938, 8756-7938 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Antigen-Antibody Complex KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Immunoassay -- methods KW - Humans KW - Lasers KW - Immunoassay -- instrumentation KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- analysis KW - Neoplasms -- diagnosis KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- blood KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- blood KW - Neoplasms -- blood KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- analysis KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- immunology KW - Biosensing Techniques -- methods KW - Biosensing Techniques -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70903745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+progress&rft.atitle=Application+of+an+antibody+biochip+for+p53+detection+and+cancer+diagnosis.&rft.au=Askari%2C+M%3BAlarie%2C+J+P%3BMoreno-Bondi%2C+M%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T&rft.aulast=Askari&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=543&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+progress&rft.issn=87567938&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-18 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting nutrient and sediment loadings to streams from landscape metrics; a multiple watershed study from the United States Mid-Atlantic region AN - 51982405; 2003-044468 JF - Landscape Ecology AU - Jones, K Bruce AU - Neale, Anne C AU - Nash, Maliha S AU - van Remortel, Rick D AU - Wickham, James D AU - Riitters, Kurt H AU - O'Neill, Robert V Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 301 EP - 312 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0921-2973, 0921-2973 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - spatial data KW - rivers and streams KW - watersheds KW - Appalachians KW - ecosystems KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - critical load KW - sediment yield KW - sediments KW - Maryland KW - West Virginia KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - bedload KW - North America KW - Virginia KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - phosphorus KW - nutrients KW - riparian environment KW - dissolved materials KW - Pennsylvania KW - water resources KW - aquatic environment KW - regression analysis KW - Piedmont KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51982405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+Ecology&rft.atitle=Predicting+nutrient+and+sediment+loadings+to+streams+from+landscape+metrics%3B+a+multiple+watershed+study+from+the+United+States+Mid-Atlantic+region&rft.au=Jones%2C+K+Bruce%3BNeale%2C+Anne+C%3BNash%2C+Maliha+S%3Bvan+Remortel%2C+Rick+D%3BWickham%2C+James+D%3BRiitters%2C+Kurt+H%3BO%27Neill%2C+Robert+V&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+Ecology&rft.issn=09212973&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(pwocrxega03s35zhtdzs0u55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:103025,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachians; aquatic environment; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bedload; critical load; dissolved materials; ecosystems; forests; ground water; hydrology; Maryland; nitrogen; North America; nutrients; Pennsylvania; phosphorus; Piedmont; pollution; regression analysis; riparian environment; rivers and streams; sediment yield; sediments; spatial data; statistical analysis; surface water; United States; Virginia; water quality; water resources; watersheds; West Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sap velocity and canopy transpiration in a sweetgum stand exposed to free-air CO sub(2) enrichment (FACE) AN - 18225604; 5297053 AB - Canopy transpiration rates, as a major component of forest hydrologic budgets, are reported for 12-yr-old sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) trees growing in a free-air CO sub(2) enrichment (FACE) study in eastern Tennessee, USA. The compensated heat-pulse technique was used to measure rates of sap velocity, and stand transpiration was estimated as a function of measured sap velocity, total stand sapwood area and the fraction of sapwood functional in water transport. Sap velocity averaged 13% less for trees in elevated compared with ambient CO sub(2) concentration. Stand transpiration reached 5.6 and 4.4 mm d super(-1) for the ambient and elevated CO sub(2) treatments, respectively. Stratification of the data showed that significant differences in stand transpiration were observed between ambient and elevated CO sub(2) only at mean daily radiation levels > 400 J m super(-2) s super(-1) and at vapor pressure deficits > 1.0 kPa. These data illustrate that while elevated CO sub(2) may reduce canopy transpiration, the apparent dependency of such an effect on prevailing weather makes detecting a CO sub(2)-induced impact on forest water use difficult. JF - New Phytologist AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Norby, R J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA, wullschlegsd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 489 EP - 498 VL - 150 IS - 2 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Sweetgum KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Liquidambar styraciflua KW - Canopies KW - Sap KW - Transpiration KW - Atmospheric conditions KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18225604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=Sap+velocity+and+canopy+transpiration+in+a+sweetgum+stand+exposed+to+free-air+CO+sub%282%29+enrichment+%28FACE%29&rft.au=Wullschleger%2C+S+D%3BNorby%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Wullschleger&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=489&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Liquidambar styraciflua; USA, Tennessee; Transpiration; Canopies; Sap; Atmospheric conditions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Allometric determination of tree growth in a CO sub(2)-enriched sweetgum stand AN - 18225571; 5297052 AB - In a free-air CO sub(2) enrichment (FACE) study, above-ground growth of Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum) trees was measured in a closed-canopy stand to test hypotheses about long-term effects of rising [CO sub(2)] in a deciduous forest. Allometric relationships were established between above-ground dry mass and basal area, height, taper and wood density for all trees in the 314-m super(2) plots. Leaf area index was calculated from leaf litter mass. In the first year of exposure, elevated [CO sub(2)] stimulated stand-level aboveground dry matter increment by 33%, but in the second year the growth stimulation was reduced to 15% and was no longer statistically significant. Leaf area index was not affected by CO sub(2) enrichment in either year. These results indicate that large trees that are no longer in an exponential growth phase retain the capacity to respond to elevated [CO sub(2)]. The combined 2-yr response of a 24% increase in growth per unit leaf area is consistent with predictions from earlier studies. A longer-term data set is needed to resolve the reason for different responses in the 2 years. JF - New Phytologist AU - Norby, R J AU - Todd, DE AU - Fults, J AU - Johnson, D W AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA, rjn@ornl.g Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 477 EP - 487 VL - 150 IS - 2 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Sweetgum KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Growth KW - Forests KW - Allometry KW - Liquidambar styraciflua KW - Atmospheric conditions KW - Methodology KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18225571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=Allometric+determination+of+tree+growth+in+a+CO+sub%282%29-enriched+sweetgum+stand&rft.au=Norby%2C+R+J%3BTodd%2C+DE%3BFults%2C+J%3BJohnson%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=477&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Liquidambar styraciflua; Allometry; Growth; Methodology; Atmospheric conditions; Forests ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Discovery of mRNA AN - 17873346; 5117363 JF - Mutation Research-Reviews in Mutation Research AU - Volkin, E AD - Toxicology and Risk Analysis Section, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37830 Oak Ridge, TN USA Y1 - 2001/05/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 01 SP - 87 EP - 91 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 488 IS - 2 SN - 1383-5742, 1383-5742 KW - historical account KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Reviews KW - mRNA KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17873346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research-Reviews+in+Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=The+Discovery+of+mRNA&rft.au=Volkin%2C+E&rft.aulast=Volkin&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=488&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research-Reviews+in+Mutation+Research&rft.issn=13835742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews; mRNA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elevated CO2, litter chemistry, and decomposition: a synthesis AN - 17846032; 4879049 AB - The results of published and unpublished experiments investigating the impacts of elevated [CO2] on the chemistry of leaf litter and decomposition of plant tissues are summarized. The data do not support the hypothesis that changes in leaf litter chemistry often associated with growing plants under elevated [CO2] have an impact on decomposition processes. A meta-analysis of data from naturally senesced leaves in field experiments showed that the nitrogen (N) concentration in leaf litter was 7.1% lower in elevated [CO2] compared to that in ambient [CO2]. This statistically significant difference was: (1) usually not significant in individual experiments, (2) much less than that often observed in green leaves, and (3) less in leaves with an N concentration indicative of complete N resorption. Under ideal conditions, the efficiency with which N is resorbed during leaf senescence was found not to be altered by CO2 enrichment, but other environmental influences on resorption inevitably increase the variability in litter N concentration. Nevertheless, the small but consistent decline in leaf litter N concentration in many experiments, coupled with a 6.5% increase in lignin concentration, would be predicted to result in a slower decomposition rate in CO2-enriched litter. However, across the assembled data base, neither mass loss nor respiration rates from litter produced in elevated [CO2] showed any consistent pattern or differences from litter grown in ambient [CO2]. The effects of [CO2] on litter chemistry or decomposition were usually smallest under experimental conditions similar to natural field conditions, including open-field exposure, plants free-rooted in the ground, and complete senescence. It is concluded that any changes in decomposition rates resulting from exposure of plants to elevated [CO2] are small when compared to other potential impacts of elevated [CO2] on carbon and N cycling. Reasons for experimental differences are considered, and recommendations for the design and execution of decomposition experiments using materials from CO2-enrichment experiments are outlined. JF - Oecologia AU - Norby, R J AU - Cotrufo, M F AU - Ineson, P AU - O'Neill, E G AU - Canadell, J G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 1059, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422 USA, +1-865-5765261 Y1 - 2001/04/12/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Apr 12 SP - 153 EP - 165 PB - Springer-Verlag VL - 127 IS - 2 SN - 0029-8549, 0029-8549 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Leaf litter KW - Decomposition KW - Carbon dioxide fixation KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17846032?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=Elevated+CO2%2C+litter+chemistry%2C+and+decomposition%3A+a+synthesis&rft.au=Norby%2C+R+J%3BCotrufo%2C+M+F%3BIneson%2C+P%3BO%27Neill%2C+E+G%3BCanadell%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-04-12&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oecologia&rft.issn=00298549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Leaf litter; Decomposition; Carbon dioxide fixation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deterministic effects. AN - 77019602; 11281201 AB - Deterministic effects are distinguished from stochastic effects for radiation protection purposes by the following characteristics: both incidence and severity increase as a function of dose after a threshold dose is reached. Cell killing is central to all deterministic effects with the exception of radiation-induced cataracts. The understanding of radiation-induced killing of cells has increased greatly in the last decade with an extraordinarily intense interest in apoptosis. Programmed cell death has long been known to developmental biologists and the importance of cell death has been recognized and quantified by tumor biologists and students of cell kinetics but the coining of a new name and the increase of understanding of the molecular aspects of cell death has stimulated interest. Some cells appear to be very sensitive to radiation and undergo apoptosis, whereas others such as fibroblasts do not with equal frequency. This characteristic, like many others, underlines the genetic differences among cell types. We are reaching a time that there are techniques and the knowledge to apply them to clinical and radiation protection problems. In radiotherapy, success depends on the differential effect between tumor and normal tissues that is obtained. To design the optimum therapy, a profile of both the tumor cells and the cells of the normal tissues that may be at risk would help. The profile would characterize the radiosensitivity and the underlying factors, which could help in the choice of adjunct therapy for tumor and normal tissue. Fibrosis, a common unwanted late effect, appears to be influenced by genetic factors, at least in experimental animals. Techniques are available for treating people as individuals more than ever before, and that must be a good thing to do. Protection against deterministic effects would seem an easy matter but we are uncomfortably ignorant of the precise effect of protracted low-dose irradiation on tissues, such as the bone marrow and the testis, important features of risk in space. Entering the new century, it may be timely to classify radiation effects, as Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) has done, into cancer, genetic effects, and noncancer effects. The recognition in the atomic-bomb survivors of noncancer effects at doses on the order of 0.5 Sv (half the dose level considered a threshold in earlier studies) should stimulate interest in deterministic effects. JF - Health physics AU - Fry, R J AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37830, USA. Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 338 EP - 343 VL - 80 IS - 4 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Brachytherapy KW - Apoptosis KW - Nuclear Warfare KW - Humans KW - Brain -- radiation effects KW - Cell Death KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Brain -- embryology KW - Radiation Effects KW - Radiation Tolerance -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77019602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Deterministic+effects.&rft.au=Fry%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Fry&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=338&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-04-19 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological risk assessment framework for low-altitude aircraft overflights: I. Planning the analysis and estimating exposure. AN - 70935782; 11414535 AB - An ecological risk assessment framework for low-altitude aircraft overflights was developed, with special emphasis on military applications. The problem formulation and exposure analysis phases are presented in this article; an analysis of effects and risk characterization is presented in a companion article. The intent of this article is threefold: (1) to illustrate the development of a generic framework for the ecological risk assessment of an activity, (2) to show how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's ecological risk assessment paradigm can be applied to an activity other than the release of a chemical, and (3) to provide guidance for the assessment of ecological risks from low-altitude aircraft overflights. The key stressor for low-altitude aircraft overflights is usually sound, although visual and physical (collision) stressors may also be significant. Susceptible and regulated wildlife populations are the major assessment endpoint entities, although plant communities may be impacted by takeoffs and landings. The exposure analysis utilizes measurements of wildlife locations, measurements of sound levels at the wildlife locations, measurements of slant distances from aircraft to wildlife, models that extrapolate sound from the source aircraft to the ground, and bird-strike probability models. Some of the challenges to conducting a risk assessment for aircraft overflights include prioritizing potential stressors and endpoints, choosing exposure metrics that relate to wildlife responses, obtaining good estimates of sound or distance, and estimating wildlife locations. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Efroymson, R A AU - Suter, G W AU - Rose, W H AU - Nemeth, S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6036, USA. efroymsonRA@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 251 EP - 262 VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Altitude KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Risk Assessment KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Military Science KW - Ecosystem KW - Aircraft UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70935782?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Ecological+risk+assessment+framework+for+low-altitude+aircraft+overflights%3A+I.+Planning+the+analysis+and+estimating+exposure.&rft.au=Efroymson%2C+R+A%3BSuter%2C+G+W%3BRose%2C+W+H%3BNemeth%2C+S&rft.aulast=Efroymson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-07-26 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The new minerals levinsonite-(Y) [(Y,Nd,Ce)Al(SO (sub 4) ) (sub 2) (C (sub 2) O (sub 4) ).12H (sub 2) O] and zugshunstite-(Ce) [(Ce,Nd,La)Al(SO (sub 4) ) (sub 2) (C (sub 2) O (sub 4) ).12H (sub 2) O]; coexisting oxalates with different structures and differentiation of LREE and HREE AN - 52232806; 2001-039511 AB - Two new minerals, levinsonite-(Y) [(Y,Nd,Ce)Al(SO (sub 4) ) (sub 2) (C (sub 2) O (sub 4) ) . 12H (sub 2) O] and zugshunstite-(Ce) [(Ce,Nd,La)Al(SO (sub 4) ) (sub 2) (C (sub 2) O (sub 4) ) . 12H (sub 2) O], occur in an evaporite assemblage at Alum Cave Bluff, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee. Electron microprobe analyses with oxalate and water assumed as stoichiometric yield the formula Y (sub 0.33) La (sub 0.02) Ce (sub 0.12) Pr (sub 0.03) Nd (sub 0.23) Sm (sub 0.12) Eu (sub 0.02) Gd (sub 0.08) Dy (sub 0.04) Er (sub 0.01) Al(SO (sub 4) ) (sub 2) (C (sub 2) O (sub 4) ).12H (sub 2) O for levinsonite-(Y) and Y (sub 0.00) La (sub 0.09) Ce (sub 0.54) Pr (sub 0.07) Nd (sub 0.26) Sm (sub 0.03) Eu (sub 0.01) Gd (sub 0.01) Dy (sub 0.00) Er (sub 0.00) Al(SO (sub 4) ) (sub 2) (C (sub 2) O (sub 4) ).12H (sub 2) O for zugshunstite-(Ce). Smaller ions such as Y and several MREE to HREE are enriched in the former phase, whereas the LREE are concentrated in the latter phase. The two minerals occur in intimate contact, with low-temperature conditions favoring MREE in levinsonite-(Y) and LREE in zugshunstite-(Ce). The crystal structures are based on the same fundamental building blocks, chains of alternating REE polyhedra and oxalate groups, with two sulfate tetrahedra attached to each REE polyhedron. The REE polyhedron in levinsonite-(Y) is a square antiprism defined by eight ligands ("HREE-O" = 2.404 Aa), whereas that in zugshunstite-(Ce) is a nine-fold cooordinated capped square antiprism ("LREE-O" = 2.507 Aa). The polyhedra resemble those in xenotime and monazite, respectively. The addition of one ligand in zugshunstite-(Ce) into the capping position results in relative shifts of the chains, isolated water molecules, and isolated Al(H (sub 2) O) (sub 6) octahedra relative to their positions in the levinsonite-(Y) structure. The source of the REE elements is likely to be the weathering of pyritiferous schist, which is reported to contain monazite and xenotime. Chelation of REE and Al by oxalate under hydrous conditions at surface temperature permits formation of the minerals. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rouse, R C AU - Peacor, Donald R AU - Essene, E J AU - Coskren, T D AU - Lauf, R J Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 1101 EP - 1115 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 65 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - coordination KW - Anakeesta Formation KW - national parks KW - crystal structure KW - oxalates KW - Alum Cave Bluff KW - Great Smoky Mountains KW - electron probe data KW - polyhedra KW - mineral data KW - Tennessee KW - rare earths KW - trace elements KW - Sevier County Tennessee KW - new minerals KW - coexisting minerals KW - experimental studies KW - sulfates KW - space groups KW - zugshunstite KW - public lands KW - metals KW - levinsonite KW - crystal chemistry KW - SEM data KW - yttrium KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52232806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+new+minerals+levinsonite-%28Y%29+%5B%28Y%2CNd%2CCe%29Al%28SO+%28sub+4%29+%29+%28sub+2%29+%28C+%28sub+2%29+O+%28sub+4%29+%29.12H+%28sub+2%29+O%5D+and+zugshunstite-%28Ce%29+%5B%28Ce%2CNd%2CLa%29Al%28SO+%28sub+4%29+%29+%28sub+2%29+%28C+%28sub+2%29+O+%28sub+4%29+%29.12H+%28sub+2%29+O%5D%3B+coexisting+oxalates+with+different+structures+and+differentiation+of+LREE+and+HREE&rft.au=Rouse%2C+R+C%3BPeacor%2C+Donald+R%3BEssene%2C+E+J%3BCoskren%2C+T+D%3BLauf%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Rouse&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2800%2900568-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 11 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alum Cave Bluff; Anakeesta Formation; coexisting minerals; coordination; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; electron probe data; experimental studies; Great Smoky Mountains; levinsonite; metals; mineral data; national parks; new minerals; oxalates; polyhedra; public lands; rare earths; SEM data; Sevier County Tennessee; space groups; sulfates; Tennessee; trace elements; United States; X-ray diffraction data; yttrium; zugshunstite DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(00)00568-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quartz silt in the sedimentary record; a diagenetic origin AN - 52162584; 2002-003309 AB - Mudstones are the most common sedimentary rock types, and contain most of the quartz found in the sedimentary record. They are comprised mostly of silt and/or clay particles, are chemically and mechanically resistant, and have long been considered to have been derived from the continental crust. Quartz silt from black shales in the eastern USA, dating back to the Late Devonian period (about 370 million years ago), has been examined using backscattered and cathodoluminescent scanning electron microscopy; oxygen isotopes have been studied with an ion probe. Our results indicate that up to 100% of the quartz silt in our samples does not originate from the continental crust. Instead, it appears to have been precipitated early in diagenesis in algal cysts and other pore spaces, with silica derived from the dissolution of opaline skeletons of planktonic organisms, such as radiolaria and diatoms. Transformation of early diatoms into in situ quartz silt might explain the time gap between the earliest fossil occurrences of diatoms at about 120 MYr ago, and molecular evidence for a much earlier appearance between 266 and 500 Myr ago. Moreover, if many other mudstone successions show similarly high proportions of in situ precipitated rather than detrital quartz, the sedimentary record in mudstones may have been misinterpreted in the past, with certain consequences for estimates of paleoproductivity as well as preceptions of the dynamics and magnitude of global and biogeochemical cycling of silica. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Schieber, Juergen AU - Krinsley, David AU - Riciputi, Lee AU - Weigand, Peter W AU - Shellebarger, Jeff Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 44 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - mudstone KW - silica minerals KW - clastic sediments KW - silt KW - Eastern U.S. KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - diagenesis KW - sediments KW - quartz KW - framework silicates KW - clastic rocks KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52162584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Quartz+silt+in+the+sedimentary+record%3B+a+diagenetic+origin&rft.au=Schieber%2C+Juergen%3BKrinsley%2C+David%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee%3BWeigand%2C+Peter+W%3BShellebarger%2C+Jeff&rft.aulast=Schieber&rft.aufirst=Juergen&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 97th annual meeting; AAPG Pacific section, annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic rocks; clastic sediments; diagenesis; Eastern U.S.; framework silicates; mineral composition; mudstone; quartz; sedimentary rocks; sediments; silica minerals; silicates; silt; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shoaling cycles in the Cambro-Ordovician Gallitan Formation; northern Wyoming and central Montana AN - 52152246; 2002-009269 AB - Two types of meter-scale cycles are recorded in the Gallatin Formation from northern Wyoming and central Montana. These are developed in mixed carbonate and shale in shallow shelf to shoreline deposits. Grainstone-rich shoaling cycles are abundant throughout the formation. These cycles consist of the following succession: (1) dark shale with starved grainstone ripples, (2) upward-thickening very thin to thin grainstone beds and shale, (3) flat-pebble conglomerate, and (4) thrombolite mounds. Sharp transitions from flat pebble and/or thrombolites into shale with minor grainstone represent marine flooding surfaces. The bases of flat-pebble beds are sharp and represent regressive shoreline incision and reworking. Thrombolites developed at the tops of these cycles appear in cases to be transitional through a thin interval of mixed flat-pebble with thrombolitic matrix that represents microbial colonization of a flat-pebble open-framework. Grainstone-poor cycles begin with dark shale with abundant small carbonate nodules. In some cases the shale contains thin grainstone beds. This grades into shale with very few, but slightly larger nodules. The cycles are capped by beds of reworked carbonate nodules. If these are shoaling cycles, then the nodule-rich shale would record rapid deepening, alluviation, and low mud accumulation rates. Upward decrease in the amount of nodules would reflect increased mud deposition that outstripped concretionary precipitation of carbonate. The presence of grainstone in some cycles in the lower shale and not in upper shale is problematic however. If these are deepening cycles, then the nodule conglomerate beds would be either transgressive lags or regressive beach deposits. Intraclastic beds from grainstone-rich cycles record reworking of thinly interbedded grainstone and shale, whereas conglomerate beds from grainstone-poor cycles reflect winnowing of nodules from nodule-rich mud. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hawkins, Bonnie J AU - Myrow, Paul M AU - Ripperdan, Robert L AU - Taylor, John AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 13 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - central Montana KW - nodules KW - regression KW - Gallatin Formation KW - ripple marks KW - Cambrian KW - Ordovician KW - bedding plane irregularities KW - transgression KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mud KW - sediments KW - northern Wyoming KW - sedimentary structures KW - shoals KW - clastic sediments KW - shale KW - Paleozoic KW - biogenic structures KW - cyclic processes KW - grainstone KW - shorelines KW - mounds KW - conglomerate KW - Montana KW - Wyoming KW - thrombolites KW - sea-level changes KW - precipitation KW - marine environment KW - carbonate rocks KW - clastic rocks KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52152246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Shoaling+cycles+in+the+Cambro-Ordovician+Gallitan+Formation%3B+northern+Wyoming+and+central+Montana&rft.au=Hawkins%2C+Bonnie+J%3BMyrow%2C+Paul+M%3BRipperdan%2C+Robert+L%3BTaylor%2C+John%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hawkins&rft.aufirst=Bonnie&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Rocky Mountain Section, 53rd annual meeting; Geological Society of America, South-Central Section, 35th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedding plane irregularities; biogenic structures; Cambrian; carbonate rocks; central Montana; clastic rocks; clastic sediments; conglomerate; cyclic processes; Gallatin Formation; grainstone; lithostratigraphy; marine environment; Montana; mounds; mud; nodules; northern Wyoming; Ordovician; Paleozoic; precipitation; regression; ripple marks; sea-level changes; sedimentary rocks; sedimentary structures; sediments; shale; shoals; shorelines; thrombolites; transgression; United States; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A six-year study of sapling and large-tree growth and mortality responses to natural and induced variability in precipitation and throughfall AN - 17888730; 5167322 AB - Global climatic change may cause changes in regional precipitation that have important implications for forest growth in the southern United States. In 1993, a stand-level experiment was initiated on Walker Branch Watershed, Tennessee, to study the sensitivity of forest saplings and large trees to changes in soil water content. Soil water content was manipulated by gravity-driven transfer of precipitation throughfall from a dry treatment plot (-33%) to a wet treatment plot (+33%). A control plot was included. Each plot was 6400 m super(2). Measurements of stem diameter and observations of mortality were made on large trees and saplings of Acer rubrum L., Cornus florida L., Liriodendron tulipifera L., Nyssa sylvatica Marsh, Quercus alba L. and Quercus prinus L. every 2 weeks during six growing seasons. Saplings of C. florida and A. rubrum grew faster and mortality was less on the wet plot compared with the dry and control plots, through 6 years of soil water manipulation. Conversely, diameter growth of large trees was unaffected by the treatments. However, tree diameter growth averaged across treatments was affected by year-to-year changes in soil water status. Growth in wet years was as much as 2-3 times greater than in dry years. Relationships between tree growth, phenology and soil water potential were consistent among species and quantitative expressions were developed for application in models. These field growth data indicate that differences in seasonal patterns of rainfall within and between years have greater impacts on growth than percentage changes in rainfall applied to all rainfall events. JF - Tree Physiology AU - Hanson, P J AU - Todd, DE Jr AU - Amthor, J S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - Apr 2001 SP - 345 EP - 358 VL - 21 IS - 6 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - Red maple KW - Flowering dogwood KW - Tulip poplar KW - Tulip tree KW - Yellow-poplar KW - Black gum KW - Black tupelo KW - White oak KW - Chestnut oak KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Trees KW - Liriodendron tulipifera KW - Quercus prinus KW - Forests KW - Precipitation KW - Nyssa sylvatica KW - Cornus florida KW - Acer rubrum KW - Growth KW - Quercus alba KW - Soil moisture KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17888730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=A+six-year+study+of+sapling+and+large-tree+growth+and+mortality+responses+to+natural+and+induced+variability+in+precipitation+and+throughfall&rft.au=Hanson%2C+P+J%3BTodd%2C+DE+Jr%3BAmthor%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acer rubrum; Cornus florida; Liriodendron tulipifera; Nyssa sylvatica; Quercus alba; Quercus prinus; Trees; Precipitation; Forests; Soil moisture; Growth; Mortality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transpiration from a multi-species deciduous forest as estimated by xylem sap flow techniques AN - 17833798; 4861139 AB - Thermal dissipation probes inserted into hydro-active sapwood were used to measure rates of xylem sap flow for six major hardwood species growing in an upland oak forest of east TN. Species-specific estimates of sap flow were combined with total sapwood area for trees of the forest overstory and understory, and daily rates of stand transpiration were derived. A seasonal analysis of sap flow for nine chestnut oak (Quercus prinus L.) trees measured in 1996 showed that radiation, vapor pressure deficit, and fractional leaf area index (LAI) were sufficient to describe rates of daily transpiration. Application of an empirical model to climatic data collected in 1997 and maximum daily rates of sap flow for white oak (Quercus alba L.), northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.), black gum (Nyssa sylvatica Marsh.), red maple (Acer rubrum L.), and yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) indicated that stand transpiration peaked at 2.2 mm day super(-1) in mid-May prior to canopy closure. Total transpiration during the season was 267 mm; 221 mm from overstory trees and 46 mm from understory saplings. Transpiration from the overstory was dominated by red maple (59 mm) and black gum (49 mm). Chestnut oak, which accounted for 27% of the stand basal area, contributed only 35 mm or 16% to total overstory transpiration. The relative contribution of each species to stand transpiration was driven largely by sapwood area per unit ground area and to a lesser extent by species-specific differences in daily water use. Such information should prove useful in exploring the impact of harvest operations on site water balance and in understanding the ecological basis for how species composition affects forest water use. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Hanson, P J AU - Todd, DE AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831-6422 Oak Ridge, TN USA Y1 - 2001/04/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Apr 01 SP - 205 EP - 213 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 143 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Black gum KW - Black tupelo KW - Chestnut oak KW - Northern red oak KW - Red maple KW - Tulip poplar KW - Tulip tree KW - USA, Tennessee KW - White oak KW - Yellow-poplar KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Quercus borealis KW - Forest management KW - Quercus alba KW - Liriodendron tulipifera KW - Quercus prinus KW - Nyssa sylvatica KW - Acer rubrum KW - Transpiration KW - Methodology KW - D 04001:Methodology - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17833798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Transpiration+from+a+multi-species+deciduous+forest+as+estimated+by+xylem+sap+flow+techniques&rft.au=Wullschleger%2C+S+D%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BTodd%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Wullschleger&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=143&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0378-1127%2800%2900518-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forest management; Transpiration; Methodology; Quercus borealis; Quercus alba; Liriodendron tulipifera; Quercus prinus; Nyssa sylvatica; Acer rubrum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00518-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of thiodyglycol in groundwater using solid-phase extraction followed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection in the selected-ion mode. AN - 76993405; 11269599 AB - A highly sensitive analytical procedure is described for determining thiodiglycol in groundwater. Samples are initially fortified with 3,3'-thiodipropanol (surrogate), then both species are extracted using sequential solid-phase extraction with both C18 and Ambersorb 572 columns. The C18 column, which removes extraneous groundwater components, is discarded; the Ambersorb 572 column is dried thoroughly before eluting polar components with a small volume of dichloromethane. The extract is taken to dryness using dry flowing nitrogen, and the resulting residue is derivatized using N-(tert.-butyldimethylsilyl)-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide and pyridine. The derivatized products are diluted to a final volume with toluene, chromatographed using a fused-silica capillary column, and detected with a quadrupole mass spectrometric detector in its selected-ion mode. Two independent, statistically unbiased, procedures were used to evaluate the detection limits for thiodiglycol; the values ranged between 4 and 16 microg(-1) groundwater. JF - Journal of chromatography. A AU - Tomkins, B A AU - Sega, G A AD - Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6120, USA. tomkinsba@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/03/09/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Mar 09 SP - 85 EP - 96 VL - 911 IS - 1 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 2,2'-thiodiethanol KW - 9BW5T43J04 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Calibration KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76993405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.atitle=Determination+of+thiodyglycol+in+groundwater+using+solid-phase+extraction+followed+by+gas+chromatography+with+mass+spectrometric+detection+in+the+selected-ion+mode.&rft.au=Tomkins%2C+B+A%3BSega%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Tomkins&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-03-09&rft.volume=911&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-07 N1 - Date created - 2001-03-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhancement of the conversion of toluene by Pseudomonas putida F-1 using organic cosolvents AN - 815540604; 13858923 AB - Pseudomonas putida F-1 (ATCC700007) was used as a model organism in stirred tank reactors, to study conversion enhancement of poorly soluble substrates by organic cosolvents. After a literature study, silicone oil was used as a solvent system to enhance the mass transfer rate. To study the benefits of the organic solvent addition, batch experiments were conducted in two side-by-side fermentation vessels (experimental and control) at three different levels of silicone oil (10, 30, and 50%). Results showed that the presence of silicone oil resulted in a 100% increase in the toluene mass transfer compared to the control. Experiments in continuous stirred-tank reactors showed that improved conversion could beobtained, at higher agitation rates. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Rodriguez, Miguel AU - Thomas Klasson, K AU - Davison, Brian H AD - Bioprocessing Research and Development Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008-6226, 37831-6226, Oak Ridge, TN, klassonkt@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - March 2001 SP - 195 EP - 204 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 91-93 IS - 1-9 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Toxicology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Oil KW - Silicones KW - Fermentation KW - Toluene KW - Bioreactors KW - Solvents KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - Mass transfer KW - Agitation KW - Models KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - J 02300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815540604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Enhancement+of+the+conversion+of+toluene+by+Pseudomonas+putida+F-1+using+organic+cosolvents&rft.au=Rodriguez%2C+Miguel%3BThomas+Klasson%2C+K%3BDavison%2C+Brian+H&rft.aulast=Rodriguez&rft.aufirst=Miguel&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=91-93&rft.issue=1-9&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A91-93%3A1-9%3A195 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Silicones; Fermentation; Bioreactors; Toluene; Solvents; Mass transfer; Agitation; Models; Pseudomonas putida DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:91-93:1-9:195 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sunlight and iron(III)-induced photochemical production of dissolved gaseous mercury in freshwater. AN - 70858624; 11351537 AB - Mechanistic understanding of sunlight-induced natural processes for production of dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) in freshwaters has remained limited, and few direct field tests of the mechanistic hypotheses are available. We exposed ferric iron salt-spiked fresh surface lake water (Whitefish Bay, Lake Superior, MI) in Teflon bottles and pond water (Oak Ridge, TN) in quartz bottles to sunlight in the field to infer if sunlight and Fe(III)-induced photochemical production of DGM could mechanistically contribute partly to natural photochemical production of DGM in freshwaters. We found that exposure of freshwater spiked with fresh Fe(III) (approximately 5 or 10 microM) to sunlight led to repeatable, significantly larger increases in DGM production (e.g., 380% in 1 h, 420% in 2 h, and 470% in 4 h for Whitefish Bay water) than exposure without the spike (e.g., 200% in 6 h). DGM increased with increasing exposure time and then often appeared to approach a steady state in the tests. Higher Fe(III) spike levels resulted in the same, or even less, DGM production. Storage of the water with or without Fe(III) spike in the dark after sunlight exposure led to significant, apparently first-order, decreases in DGM. These phenomena were hypothetically attributed to sunlight-induced photochemical production of highly reducing organic free radicals through photolysis of Fe(III)-organic acid coordination compounds and subsequent reduction of Hg(II) to Hg(0) by the organic free radicals; the reduction was also accompanied by dark oxidation of Hg(0) by photochemically originated oxidants (e.g., .OH). This study suggests that sunlight and Fe(III)-induced photochemical reduction of Hg(II) could be one of the mechanisms responsible for natural photochemical production of DGM in freshwaters and that Fe species may be influential in mediating Hg chemodynamics and its subsequent toxicity in aquatic ecosystems. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Zhang, H AU - Lindberg, S E AD - Environmental Sciences Division (ESD), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038, USA. 2HZ@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/03/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Mar 01 SP - 928 EP - 935 VL - 35 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Iron Isotopes KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Photochemistry KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Fresh Water -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Iron Isotopes -- chemistry KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Sunlight UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70858624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Sunlight+and+iron%28III%29-induced+photochemical+production+of+dissolved+gaseous+mercury+in+freshwater.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+H%3BLindberg%2C+S+E&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=928&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-09-06 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of organic amendments on the accumulation of (super 137) Cs and (super 90) Sr from contaminated soil by three grass species AN - 51990959; 2003-038038 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Entry, James A AU - Watrud, Lidia S AU - Reeves, Mark Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - March 2001 SP - 385 EP - 398 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 126 IS - 3-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - United States KW - Sr-90 KW - isotopes KW - moisture KW - remediation KW - bioaccumulation KW - radioactive fallout KW - grasses KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - Tennessee KW - phytoremediation KW - activity KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - alkaline earth metals KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - nuclear facilities KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51990959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Influence+of+organic+amendments+on+the+accumulation+of+%28super+137%29+Cs+and+%28super+90%29+Sr+from+contaminated+soil+by+three+grass+species&rft.au=Entry%2C+James+A%3BWatrud%2C+Lidia+S%3BReeves%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Entry&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activity; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; bioaccumulation; bioremediation; cesium; Cs-137; grasses; isotopes; metals; moisture; nuclear facilities; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; phytoremediation; pollutants; pollution; radioactive fallout; radioactive isotopes; remediation; soil treatment; soils; Sr-90; strontium; Tennessee; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Weibull statistical models of K sub(Ic)/K sub(Ia) fracture toughness databases for pressure vessel steels with an application to pressurized thermal shock assessments of nuclear reactor pressure vessels AN - 18075248; 5149449 AB - This paper presents new statistical representation of recently extended fracture toughness K sub(Ic) and K sub(Ia) databases for pressure vessel steels. These models were developed by the Heavy Section Steel Technology program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in support of the current effort by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission to update its regulatory guidance for pressurized-thermal-shock (PTS) transients in nuclear reactor pressure vessels. The Weibull distribution, with two of its parameters calculated by the Method of Moments point-estimation technique, forms the basis for the new statistical models. An application of the new K sub(Ic)/K sub(Ia) models, as implemented in the FAVOR probabilistic fracture mechanics computer program, is also presented for three PTS transients. JF - International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping AU - Williams, P T AU - Bowman, KO AU - Bass, B R AU - Dickson, T L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2009, Bldg. 9204-1, MS-8056, Rm. 213A, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8056, USA, williamspt@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - Mar 2001 SP - 165 EP - 178 VL - 78 IS - 2-3 SN - 0308-0161, 0308-0161 KW - fracture toughness KW - pressure vessels KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Government regulations KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Mathematical models KW - Thermodynamics KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18075248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Pressure+Vessels+and+Piping&rft.atitle=Weibull+statistical+models+of+K+sub%28Ic%29%2FK+sub%28Ia%29+fracture+toughness+databases+for+pressure+vessel+steels+with+an+application+to+pressurized+thermal+shock+assessments+of+nuclear+reactor+pressure+vessels&rft.au=Williams%2C+P+T%3BBowman%2C+KO%3BBass%2C+B+R%3BDickson%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Pressure+Vessels+and+Piping&rft.issn=03080161&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Nuclear reactors; Government regulations; Thermodynamics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of thiodiglycol in groundwater using solid-phase extraction followed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection in the selected-ion mode AN - 16146552; 5583593 AB - A highly sensitive analytical procedure is described for determining thiodiglycol in groundwater. Samples are initially fortified with 3,3'-thiodipropanol (surrogate), then both species are extracted using sequential solid-phase extraction with both C sub(18) and Ambersorb 572 columns. The C sub(18) column, which removes extraneous groundwater components, is discarded; the Ambersorb 572 column is dried thoroughly before eluting polar components with a small volume of dichloromethane. The extract is taken to dryness using dry flowing nitrogen, and the resulting residue is derivatized using N-(tert.-butyldimethylsilyl)-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide and pyridine. The derivatized products are diluted to a final volume with toluene, chromatographed using a fused-silica capillary column, and detected with a quadrupole mass spectrometric detector in its selected-ion mode. Two independent, statistically unbiased, procedures were used to evaluate the detection limits for thiodiglycol; the values ranged between 4 and 16 mu g l super(-1) groundwater. JF - Journal of Chromatography A AU - Tomkins, BA AU - Sega, G A AD - Organic Chemistry and Separations Section, Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA, tomkinsba@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - Mar 2001 SP - 85 EP - 96 VL - 911 IS - 1 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Gas chromatography KW - Spectrometry (Mass) KW - Water analysis KW - Glycols KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16146552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.atitle=Determination+of+thiodiglycol+in+groundwater+using+solid-phase+extraction+followed+by+gas+chromatography+with+mass+spectrometric+detection+in+the+selected-ion+mode&rft.au=Tomkins%2C+BA%3BSega%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Tomkins&rft.aufirst=BA&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=911&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0021-9673%2800%2901222-X LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution (Groundwater); Gas chromatography; Spectrometry (Mass); Water analysis; Glycols DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)01222-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of lewisite oxide in soil using solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography with flame photometric or mass spectrometric detection. AN - 70600370; 11218137 AB - A rapid, sensitive, and convenient method is described for determining Lewisite oxide in soil. Samples are initially fortified with phenylarsine oxide (surrogate), then both species are extracted using ascorbic acid solutions containing 1,3-propanedithiol (derivatizing reagent). The corresponding filtered supernatant is sampled using a solid-phase microextraction fiber. Collected analytes are thermally desorbed in a heated gas chromatographic inlet, separated using fused-silica capillary columns ("primary" and "confirmatory"), and detected with either a mass spectrometric (selected ion monitoring mode) or flame photometric (sulfur-selective mode) detector. Two independent statistically-unbiased procedures were used to evaluate the detection limit for Lewisite oxide; the values range between 0.1 and 0.5 microg g(-1) soil. JF - Journal of chromatography. A AU - Tomkins, B A AU - Sega, G A AU - Ho, C H AD - Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6120, USA. tomkinsba@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/02/09/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 09 SP - 13 EP - 28 VL - 909 IS - 1 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Arsenicals KW - 0 KW - Soil KW - lewisite KW - 0N54LGU5WS KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Calibration KW - Time Factors KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Arsenicals -- analysis KW - Photometry KW - Soil -- analysis KW - Chromatography, Gas -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70600370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.atitle=Determination+of+lewisite+oxide+in+soil+using+solid-phase+microextraction+followed+by+gas+chromatography+with+flame+photometric+or+mass+spectrometric+detection.&rft.au=Tomkins%2C+B+A%3BSega%2C+G+A%3BHo%2C+C+H&rft.aulast=Tomkins&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-02-09&rft.volume=909&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-21 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global optimization to maximize stack energy AN - 52233785; 2001-034725 AB - We have developed a new method for global optimization, designed to maximize stack energy. Our method includes upper bounds for the stack energy and maximization of the stack energy for each common midpoint. The method quickly identifies ranges of parameter values where the maximum cannot be located. We have used the approach to reach an excellent solution for a difficult sample problem that was created by adding static disruptions to field data. Our new method should apply in many areas of geophysics. JF - Geophysics AU - Reister, David B AU - Barhen, J AU - DuBose, John B AU - Oblow, E M Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 320 EP - 326 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 66 IS - 1 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - methods KW - common-depth-point method KW - geophysical methods KW - optimization KW - reflection methods KW - elastic waves KW - seismic methods KW - seismic coherency KW - stacking KW - seismic waves KW - algorithms KW - seismic energy KW - interpretation KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52233785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Global+optimization+to+maximize+stack+energy&rft.au=Reister%2C+David+B%3BBarhen%2C+J%3BDuBose%2C+John+B%3BOblow%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Reister&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=320&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1444911 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; common-depth-point method; elastic waves; geophysical methods; interpretation; methods; optimization; reflection methods; seismic coherency; seismic energy; seismic methods; seismic waves; stacking DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444911 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury air/surface exchange kinetics of background soils of the Tahquamenon River watershed in the Michigan Upper Peninsula AN - 52193827; 2001-062186 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Zhang, H AU - Lindberg, S E AU - Marsik, F J AU - Keeler, G J Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 151 EP - 169 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 126 IS - 1-2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - United States KW - desorption KW - watersheds KW - irrigation KW - depositional environment KW - kinetics KW - Luce County Michigan KW - mercury KW - water use KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - background level KW - photochemistry KW - Michigan Upper Peninsula KW - pollution KW - Tahquamenon River basin KW - geochemical cycle KW - Chippewa County Michigan KW - metals KW - Michigan KW - leaching KW - point sources KW - land use KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52193827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Mercury+air%2Fsurface+exchange+kinetics+of+background+soils+of+the+Tahquamenon+River+watershed+in+the+Michigan+Upper+Peninsula&rft.au=Zhang%2C+H%3BLindberg%2C+S+E%3BMarsik%2C+F+J%3BKeeler%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - background level; Chippewa County Michigan; concentration; depositional environment; desorption; forests; geochemical cycle; hydrology; irrigation; kinetics; land use; leaching; Luce County Michigan; mercury; metals; Michigan; Michigan Upper Peninsula; monitoring; photochemistry; point sources; pollutants; pollution; soils; Tahquamenon River basin; toxic materials; United States; water use; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomedical implications of protein folding and misfolding AN - 18148435; 4863268 AB - A review of protein-folding mechanisms is presented to indicate (i) the formation of correctly folded and misfolded forms, and (ii) the biomedical implications involved. Protein mechanisms may be classified into series and series-parallel mechanisms. The mechanism may involve one or more stable intermediate (partially folded, misfolded, with some structure) states. It is the parallel or the 'off-pathway' step(s) that lead to the aggregate (misfolded state). This aggregate state yields the amyloid deposits in human tissue that lead to diseases in humans that are resistant to treatment. Means by which the off-pathway step may be minimized and the correct folding pathway enhanced are presented. Particular emphasis is placed on the in vivo machinery (chaperones) that is in place in the cells, and how it functions to allow the proteins to fold in the correct and active form, thus minimizing the amyloid deposits in tissues. More effort needs to be placed to understand the function of these chaperones, and thus help facilitate the formation of active and stable proteins in the cells. Though more effort needs to be placed in the present treatment strategies, novel treatment procedures also need to be explored in order to develop effective strategies to treat these seemingly intractable diseases. JF - Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry AU - Sadana, A AU - Vo-Dinh, Tuan AD - Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Life Sciences Divison, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA, vodinht@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 7 EP - 16 VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 0885-4513, 0885-4513 KW - chaperones KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Protein structure KW - Protein folding KW - Reviews KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33000:General topics and reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18148435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Applied+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Biomedical+implications+of+protein+folding+and+misfolding&rft.au=Sadana%2C+A%3BVo-Dinh%2C+Tuan&rft.aulast=Sadana&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Applied+Biochemistry&rft.issn=08854513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protein folding; Reviews; Protein structure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of PCR-generated chimeras, mutations, and heteroduplexes with 16S rRNA gene-based cloning AN - 17855623; 4884540 AB - To evaluate PCR-generated artifacts (i.e., chimeras, mutations, and heteroduplexes) with the 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA)-based cloning approach, a model community of four species was constructed from alpha, beta, and gamma subdivisions of the division Proteobacteria as well as gram-positive bacterium, all of which could be distinguished by HhaI restriction digestion patterns. The overall PCR artifacts were significantly different among the three Taq DNA polymerases examined: 20% for Z-Taq, with the highest processitivity; 15% for LA-Taq, with the highest fidelity and intermediate processitivity; and 7% for the conventionally used DNA polymerase, AmpliTaq. In contrast to the theoretical prediction, the frequency of chimeras for both Z-Taq (8.7%) and LA-Taq (6.2%) was higher than that for AmpliTaq (2.5%). The frequencies of chimeras and of heteroduplexes for Z-Taq were almost three times higher than those of AmpliTaq. The total PCR artifacts increased as PCR cycles and template concentrations increased and decreased as elongation time increased. Generally the frequency of chimeras was lower than that of mutations but higher than that of heteroduplexes. The total PCR artifacts as well as the frequency of heteroduplexes increased as the species diversity increased. PCR artifacts were significantly reduced by using AmpliTaq and fewer PCR cycles (fewer than 20 cycles), and the heteroduplexes could be effectively removed from PCR products prior to cloning by polyacrylamide gel purification or T7 endonuclease I digestion. Based upon these results, an optimal approach is proposed to minimize PCR artifacts in 16S rDNA-based microbial community studies. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Qiu, X AU - Wu, L AU - Huang, H AU - McDonel, P E AU - Palumbo, A V AU - Tiedje, J M AU - Zhou, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 880 EP - 887 VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Taq DNA polymerase KW - rRNA 16S KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Errors KW - Proteobacteria KW - Chimeras KW - rRNA KW - Heteroduplex KW - DNA-directed DNA polymerase KW - DNA KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Mutation KW - J 02704:Enumeration KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W2 32243:Molecular methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17855623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+PCR-generated+chimeras%2C+mutations%2C+and+heteroduplexes+with+16S+rRNA+gene-based+cloning&rft.au=Qiu%2C+X%3BWu%2C+L%3BHuang%2C+H%3BMcDonel%2C+P+E%3BPalumbo%2C+A+V%3BTiedje%2C+J+M%3BZhou%2C+J&rft.aulast=Qiu&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=880&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Proteobacteria; Polymerase chain reaction; Mutation; DNA; DNA-directed DNA polymerase; rRNA; Errors; Chimeras; Heteroduplex ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A kinetic analysis using fractals of cellular analyte-receptor binding and dissociation AN - 17833091; 4863269 AB - A fractal analysis is presented for cellular analyte-receptor binding and dissociation kinetics using a biosensor. Data taken from the literature may be modelled, in the case of binding, using a single-fractal analysis or a dual-fractal analysis. The dual-fractal analysis represents a change in the binding mechanism as the reaction progresses on the surface. The predictive relationship developed for the equilibrium constant, K (affinity which is equal to k sub(d)/k sub(1 or 2)), as a function of the analyte concentration is of particular value since it provides a means by which the affinity may be manipulated. This should be of assistance in cell-surface reactions, drug-candidate optimization and for the design of immunodiagnostic devices. Relationships are also presented for the binding and dissociation rate coefficients as a function of their corresponding fractal dimension, D sub(f) or the degree of heterogeneity that exists on the surface, and the analyte concentration in solution. When analyte-receptor binding or dissociation is involved, an increase in the heterogeneity on the surface (increase in D sub(f) or D sub(fd) as the case may be) leads to an increase in the binding and the dissociation rate coefficients. It is suggested that an increase in the degree of heterogeneity on the surface leads to an increase in the turbulence on the surface owing to the irregularities on the surface. This turbulence promotes mixing, minimizes diffusional limitations and leads subsequently to an increase in the binding and the dissociation rate coefficients. The binding and dissociation rate coefficients are rather sensitive to the degree of heterogeneity, D sub(f) and D sub(fd), respectively, that exists on the biosensor surface. The heterogeneity on the surface in general affects the binding and dissociation rate coefficients differently. In general, the analyte concentration in solution has a mild affect on the fractal dimension for binding or the fractal dimension for dissociation. This is indicated by the low values of the exponent in the predictive relationships developed. JF - Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry AU - Sadana, A AU - Vo-Dinh, Tuan AD - Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Life Sciences Divison, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA, vodinht@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 17 EP - 28 VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 0885-4513, 0885-4513 KW - dissociation KW - binding KW - kinetics KW - analyte receptors KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Biosensors KW - Fractals KW - W2 32250:Others KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17833091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Applied+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=A+kinetic+analysis+using+fractals+of+cellular+analyte-receptor+binding+and+dissociation&rft.au=Sadana%2C+A%3BVo-Dinh%2C+Tuan&rft.aulast=Sadana&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Applied+Biochemistry&rft.issn=08854513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fractals; Biosensors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of prompt fission gamma rays for use in simulating nuclear safeguard measurements AN - 17766925; 4824633 AB - Nondestructive assay methods that rely on measurement of correlated gamma rays from fission have been proposed as a means to determine the mass of fissile materials. Sensitivity studies for such measurements will require knowledge of the multiplicity of prompt gamma rays from fission; however, a very limited number of multiplicity distributions have been measured. A method is proposed to estimate the average number of gamma rays from any fission process by using the correlation of neutron and gamma emission in fission. Using this method, models for the total prompt gamma ray energy from fission adequately reproduce the measured value for thermal neutron induced fission of super(233)U. Likewise, the average energy of prompt gamma rays from fission has been adequately estimated using a simple linear model. Additionally, a method to estimate the multiplicity distribution of prompt gamma rays from fission is proposed based on a measured distribution for super(252)Cf. These methods are only approximate at best and should only be used for sensitivity studies. Measurements of the multiplicity distribution of prompt gamma rays from fission should be performed to determine the adequacy of the models proposed in this article. JF - Annals of Nuclear Energy AU - Valentine, TE AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, valentinete@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 191 EP - 201 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0306-4549, 0306-4549 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Simulation KW - Gamma radiation KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17766925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Nuclear+Energy&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+prompt+fission+gamma+rays+for+use+in+simulating+nuclear+safeguard+measurements&rft.au=Valentine%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Valentine&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Nuclear+Energy&rft.issn=03064549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gamma radiation; Nuclear reactors; Simulation; Risk assessment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-Term Hydrologic Impact of Urbanization: A Tale of Two Models AN - 17763186; 4824605 AB - At a watershed scale, land-use change can increase runoff, flooding, and nonpoint source pollution and degrade downstream water bodies. Thus it is important to assess the potential hydrologic impacts of land-use change prior to watershed development. The L-THIA (Long-Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment) model is a tool to initially assess how land-use change affects annual average runoff and is based only on readily available data. Because L-THIA is relatively new, it is important to test it against other, well-accepted methods. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's SWMM (Storm Water Management Model), a well-known and widely used model, was used to perform runoff calculations for comparison with L-THIA. Applications of L-THIA and SWMM to two small watersheds in Chicago show that L-THIA predicts annual average runoff between 1.1 and 23.7% higher than SWMM. The agreement between the results is higher for larger watersheds. Both models predict a linear relationship between average annual runoff and increasing imperviousness. However, for a 10% increase in imperviousness, SWMM predicts an increase between 9.8 and 10.2% in annual average runoff, whereas L-THIA predicts an increase between 6.1 and 7.8%. Overall, L-THIA was easier and quicker to use than SWMM, because SWMM required time-consuming input data collection and formatting. Results of this and other analyses suggest that L-THIA can be an appropriate tool for initial assessment of the relative impacts of land-use change scenarios. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Bhaduri, B AU - Minner, M AU - Tatalovich, S AU - Harbor, J AD - Res. Sci., Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., PO Box 2008, MS 6237, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6237, USA, bhaduribl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 13 EP - 19 VL - 127 IS - 1 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - L-THIA KW - SWMM KW - USA KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Human Population; Aqualine Abstracts KW - USA, Illinois, Chicago KW - Environmental Effects KW - Land Use KW - Development projects KW - Flood control KW - Pollution (Environmental) KW - Urbanization KW - Pollution (Nonpoint sources) KW - Floods and flooding KW - Water resources KW - Watersheds KW - Annual Runoff KW - Models KW - Catchment areas KW - Environmental effects KW - Regional planning KW - Hydrology KW - Urban areas KW - Mathematical models KW - Nonpoint Pollution Sources KW - Environmental impact KW - Water pollution KW - Land use KW - Stream flow KW - Water management KW - Flooding KW - Runoff KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 2060:Effects on water of human nonwater activities KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q2 09162:Methods and instruments KW - M1 220:Human Population-Hydrosphere Interactions KW - Q5 08501:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17763186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Long-Term+Hydrologic+Impact+of+Urbanization%3A+A+Tale+of+Two+Models&rft.au=Bhaduri%2C+B%3BMinner%2C+M%3BTatalovich%2C+S%3BHarbor%2C+J&rft.aulast=Bhaduri&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flood control; Development projects; Mathematical models; Urbanization; Water management; Hydrology; Watersheds; Land use; Runoff; Water pollution; Stream flow; Environmental effects; Models; Environmental impact; Water resources; Regional planning; Pollution (Environmental); Catchment areas; Pollution (Nonpoint sources); Floods and flooding; Urban areas; Land Use; Environmental Effects; Flooding; Nonpoint Pollution Sources; Annual Runoff; USA, Illinois, Chicago ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An integrated CMOS microluminometer for low-level luminescence sensing in the bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit. AN - 71333547; 12192685 AB - We report an integrated CMOS microluminometer for the detection of low-level bioluminescence in whole cell biosensing applications. This microluminometer is the microelectronic portion of the bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit (BBIC). This device uses the n-well/p-substrate junction of a standard bulk CMOS IC process to form the integrated photodetector. This photodetector uses a distributed electrode configuration that minimizes detector noise. Signal processing is accomplished with a current-to-frequency converter circuit that forms the causal portion of the matched filter for dc luminescence in wide-band white noise. Measurements show that luminescence can be detected from as few as 4 x 10(5) cells/ml. JF - Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical AU - Simpson, M L AU - Sayler, G S AU - Patterson, G AU - Nivens, D E AU - Bolton, E K AU - Rochelle, J M AU - Arnott, J C AU - Applegate, B M AU - Ripp, S AU - Guillorn, M A AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. simpsonml1@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/01/25/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jan 25 SP - 134 EP - 140 VL - 72 IS - 2 SN - 0925-4005, 0925-4005 KW - Space life sciences KW - NASA Discipline Life Sciences Technologies KW - Non-NASA Center KW - Pseudomonas fluorescens KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Equipment Design KW - Microelectrodes KW - Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted KW - Luminescent Measurements KW - Linear Models KW - Biosensing Techniques -- methods KW - Biosensing Techniques -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71333547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sensors+and+actuators.+B%2C+Chemical&rft.atitle=An+integrated+CMOS+microluminometer+for+low-level+luminescence+sensing+in+the+bioluminescent+bioreporter+integrated+circuit.&rft.au=Simpson%2C+M+L%3BSayler%2C+G+S%3BPatterson%2C+G%3BNivens%2C+D+E%3BBolton%2C+E+K%3BRochelle%2C+J+M%3BArnott%2C+J+C%3BApplegate%2C+B+M%3BRipp%2C+S%3BGuillorn%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-25&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sensors+and+actuators.+B%2C+Chemical&rft.issn=09254005&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-29 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical evidence for magmatic water within Mars from pyroxenes in the Shergotty Meteorite AN - 50315104; 2001-025295 AB - Analyses (by SIMS) of Li, Be, B, Ce, Y and Ti in pyroxenes from this meteorite are summarized graphically; decreases in B, Li and Ce/Y ratios in inner cores (formed at depth in the Martian crust) to rims (which crystallized at or near the Martian surface), reflect the loss of soluble trace elements in an exsolved aqueous fluid. Water, it is suggested, was present in the pyroxenes at depth and was lost with their ascent in magma, thus delivering significant H (sub 2) O to the surface in recent times. JF - Nature (London) AU - McSween, Harry Y, Jr AU - Grove, Timothy L AU - Lentz, Rachel C F AU - Dann, Jesse C AU - Holzheid, Astrid H AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Ryan, Jeffrey G Y1 - 2001/01/25/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jan 25 SP - 487 EP - 490 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 409 IS - 6819 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - silicates KW - Shergotty Meteorite KW - stony meteorites KW - Martian meteorites KW - Mars KW - SNC Meteorites KW - meteorites KW - pyroxene group KW - mineral composition KW - geochemical anomalies KW - rare earths KW - trace elements KW - geochemistry KW - chain silicates KW - water KW - concentration KW - pressure KW - magmatism KW - achondrites KW - terrestrial planets KW - planets KW - volatiles KW - shergottite KW - metals KW - crystallization KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50315104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Geochemical+evidence+for+magmatic+water+within+Mars+from+pyroxenes+in+the+Shergotty+Meteorite&rft.au=McSween%2C+Harry+Y%2C+Jr%3BGrove%2C+Timothy+L%3BLentz%2C+Rachel+C+F%3BDann%2C+Jesse+C%3BHolzheid%2C+Astrid+H%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BRyan%2C+Jeffrey+G&rft.aulast=McSween&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft.date=2001-01-25&rft.volume=409&rft.issue=6819&rft.spage=487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2F35054011 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; chain silicates; concentration; crystallization; geochemical anomalies; geochemistry; magmatism; Mars; Martian meteorites; metals; meteorites; mineral composition; planets; pressure; pyroxene group; rare earths; shergottite; Shergotty Meteorite; silicates; SNC Meteorites; stony meteorites; terrestrial planets; trace elements; volatiles; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35054011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical equilibria model of strontium-90 adsorption and transport in soil in response to dynamic alkaline conditions. AN - 70831895; 11347611 AB - Strontium-90 is a major hazardous contaminant of radioactive wastewater and its processing sludges at many Department of Energy (DOE) facilities. In the past, such contaminated wastewater and sludge have been disposed in soil seepage pits, lagoons, or cribs often under highly perturbed alkaline conditions (pH > 12) where 90Sr solubility is low and its adsorption to surrounding soil is high. As natural weathering returns these soils to near-neutral or slightly acidic conditions, the adsorbed and precipitated calcium and magnesium phases, in which 90Sr is carried, change significantly in both nature and amounts. No comprehensive computational method has been formulated previously to quantitatively simulate the dynamics of 90Sr in the soil-groundwater environment under such dynamic and wide-ranging conditions. A computational code, the Hydrologic Utility Model for Demonstrating Integrated Nuclear Geochemical Environmental Responses (HUMDINGER), was composed to describe the changing equilibria of 90Sr in soil based on its causative chemical reactions including soil buffering, pH-dependent cation-exchange capacity, cation selectivity, and the precipitation/dissolution of calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide in response to leaching groundwater characteristics including pH, acid-neutralizing capacity, dissolved cations, and inorganic carbonate species. The code includes a simulation of one-dimensional transport of 90Sr through a soil column as a series of soil mixing cells where the equilibrium soluble output from one cell is applied to the next cell. Unamended soil leaching and highly alkaline soil treatments, including potassium hydroxide, sodium silicate, and sodium aluminate, were simulated and compared with experimental findings using large (10 kg) soil columns that were leached with 90Sr-contaminated groundwater after treatment. HUMDINGER's simulations were in good agreement with dynamic experimental observations of soil exchange capacity, exchangeable cations, total 90Sr, and pH values of layers within the soil columns and of column effluents. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Spalding, B P AU - Spalding, I R AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA. spaldingbp@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001/01/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jan 15 SP - 365 EP - 373 VL - 35 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Alkalies KW - 0 KW - Radioactive Pollutants KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Strontium Radioisotopes KW - Index Medicus KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Adsorption KW - Strontium Radioisotopes -- chemistry KW - Alkalies -- chemistry KW - Models, Chemical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70831895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Chemical+equilibria+model+of+strontium-90+adsorption+and+transport+in+soil+in+response+to+dynamic+alkaline+conditions.&rft.au=Spalding%2C+B+P%3BSpalding%2C+I+R&rft.aulast=Spalding&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-01-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-31 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A structural and molecular approach for the study biomarkers AN - 904455958; 2011-098100 JF - Astrobiology AU - Vali, Hojatollah AU - Sears, S Kelly AU - Thomas-Keprta, Kathie L AU - Roh, Yul AU - Goolish, Edward M Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 346 PB - Mary Ann Liebert, Larchmont, NY VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 1531-1074, 1531-1074 KW - biomineralization KW - crystal growth KW - molecular biology KW - biomarkers KW - siderite KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - proteins KW - carbonates KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/904455958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astrobiology&rft.atitle=A+structural+and+molecular+approach+for+the+study+biomarkers&rft.au=Vali%2C+Hojatollah%3BSears%2C+S+Kelly%3BThomas-Keprta%2C+Kathie+L%3BRoh%2C+Yul%3BGoolish%2C+Edward+M&rft.aulast=Vali&rft.aufirst=Hojatollah&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Astrobiology&rft.issn=15311074&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.liebertpub.com/publication.aspx?pub_id=99 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - General meeting of the NASA Astrobiology Institute N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; biomarkers; biomineralization; carbonates; crystal growth; magnetite; molecular biology; organic compounds; oxides; proteins; siderite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reliability of the ICRP's dose coefficients for members of the public. 1. Sources of uncertainty in the biokinetic models. AN - 72207736; 11605794 AB - During the decade following the Chernobyl accident, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) developed dose coefficients (doses per unit intake) for ingestion or inhalation of radionuclides by members of the public. The level of uncertainty in those coefficients varies considerably from one radionuclide to another, due largely to differences in the level of understanding of the biological behaviour of different elements in the human body. This paper is the first in a series that examines the sources and extent of uncertainties in the ICRP's biokinetic and dosimetric models for members of the public and the dose coefficients derived from those models. The present paper describes the different types of information generally used to develop biokinetic models for radionuclides, the main sources of uncertainty associated with each type of information, and the approach used in subsequent papers in this series to quantify the uncertainties in biokinetic and dosimetric estimates. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Leggett, R W AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA. rwl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 199 EP - 213 VL - 95 IS - 3 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Age Factors KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Organ Specificity KW - Time Factors KW - Models, Biological KW - Radioisotopes -- adverse effects KW - Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Radioisotopes -- administration & dosage KW - Radiation Protection -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72207736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Reliability+of+the+ICRP%27s+dose+coefficients+for+members+of+the+public.+1.+Sources+of+uncertainty+in+the+biokinetic+models.&rft.au=Leggett%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-03-19 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2001;95(3):195-7 [11605793] Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2003;106(2):103-20 [14653331] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of temperature on biofiltration of nitric oxide. AN - 71306934; 11963849 JF - Applied biochemistry and biotechnology AU - Klasson, K T AU - Davison, B H AD - Bioprocessing Research & Development Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6226, USA. klassonkt@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 205 EP - 211 VL - 91-93 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Nitric Oxide KW - 31C4KY9ESH KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Index Medicus KW - Filtration KW - Air Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Air Pollutants -- isolation & purification KW - Temperature KW - Paracoccus denitrificans -- metabolism KW - Nitrogen -- metabolism KW - Nitric Oxide -- isolation & purification KW - Bioreactors KW - Nitric Oxide -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71306934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+biochemistry+and+biotechnology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+temperature+on+biofiltration+of+nitric+oxide.&rft.au=Klasson%2C+K+T%3BDavison%2C+B+H&rft.aulast=Klasson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=91-93&rft.issue=&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+biochemistry+and+biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-06-10 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A simple stream monitoring technique based on measurements of semiconservative properties of water. AN - 70638658; 11083907 AB - Correlative relationships exist among conductivity, alkalinity, and hardness in streams due to natural geological and climatological controls, but the relationships among these three water-quality factors can be altered strongly by inputs of ion-rich wastewaters. The degree of alteration can be monitored conveniently by use of a simple chemical perturbation index, computed by subtracting the sum of rank pairwise correlations among the conductivity, alkalinity, and hardness (for observations on each of these variables, measured through time) from 3.0. The chemical perturbation index can be used to document or characterize spatiotemporal changes in stream water quality. This study explains the development of the index's concept and provides examples of its application in an extensive stream monitoring program used to assess ecological conditions in streams on the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge Reservation in east Tennessee, USA. The chemical perturbation index technique may be particularly useful in community-based stream monitoring programs because to its simplicity and low cost. JF - Environmental management AU - Stewart, A J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA. Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - January 2001 SP - 37 EP - 46 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecosystem KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Calcium -- analysis KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Quality Control KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70638658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+management&rft.atitle=A+simple+stream+monitoring+technique+based+on+measurements+of+semiconservative+properties+of+water.&rft.au=Stewart%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-15 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of development time, biomass and ferromanganese oxides on nickel sorption by stream periphyton. AN - 70589742; 11202655 AB - Procedurally defined periphyton frequently includes substantial quantities of hydrous iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) oxides. As these oxides are strong sorbers of heavy metals, their presence may complicate estimation of metal bioaccumulation by periphyton. We examined the relationship between nickel (Ni) sorption and the development time, biomass, and Fe and Mn oxide content of stream periphyton. Development time, the time during which periphyton accrued on submerged tile substrata, was used to provide variation in biomass, Fe and Mn levels. Stream periphyton from four development times was exposed to Ni for 2 h in the laboratory, and then ashed. Development time was significantly associated with ash-free dry mass (AFDM), Fe and Mn levels (ANOVA, P < or = 0.003). Ni extracted by a mild reductant (hydroxylamine hydrochloride) was significantly associated with development time, and with AFDM, Fe and Mn levels (linear models, P < or = 0.0002). A subsequent acid digestion yielded similar associations with the same variables (linear models, P < or = 0.0001). For both extractions, AFDM was significantly and positively correlated with Fe (r = 0.68 and 0.89) and with Mn (r = 0.77 and 0.93) (Spearman rank, P < or = 0.005). These data demonstrate the importance of periphyton development time in influencing both metal sorption and levels of biomass and ferromanganese oxides. The data also suggest that metal contaminant levels in periphyton should not be attributed automatically to biotic sorption. Periphyton metal-accumulation studies conducted where ferromanganese oxide concentrations are elevated should address the potential metal-sorbing roles of Fe and Mn oxides within the periphyton matrix. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Gray, B R AU - Hill, W R AU - Stewart, A J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6351, USA. brgray@sc.edu Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 61 EP - 71 VL - 112 IS - 1 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Ferric Compounds KW - 0 KW - Manganese Compounds KW - Oxides KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - ferric oxide KW - 1K09F3G675 KW - manganese oxide KW - 64J2OA7MH3 KW - Nickel KW - 7OV03QG267 KW - Index Medicus KW - Fresh Water KW - Humans KW - Absorption KW - Biomass KW - Time Factors KW - Eukaryota -- chemistry KW - Manganese Compounds -- chemistry KW - Ferric Compounds -- chemistry KW - Nickel -- chemistry KW - Oxides -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70589742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+development+time%2C+biomass+and+ferromanganese+oxides+on+nickel+sorption+by+stream+periphyton.&rft.au=Gray%2C+B+R%3BHill%2C+W+R%3BStewart%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-15 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Conceptual model of vadose-zone transport in fractured weathered shales AN - 52211148; 2001-052687 AB - The mobility of water and solutes in the vadose zone occurs through a complex continuum of pores that vary in size and shape. Fractured subsurface media that have weathered often depict the extreme case of pore-class heterogeneity because highly conductive voids surround low-permeability, high-porosity matrix blocks. In this chapter, the physical and chemical processes controlling water and solute transport in fractured, weathered shales are discussed. At the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), the weathered shales are commonplace and are characterized by a highly interconnected fracture network with densities of 100-200 fractures per meter. The media are conducive to extreme preferential flow that results in physical, hydraulic, and geochemical nonequilibrium conditions between fractures and the surrounding soil matrix. This scenario is of significance with regard to contaminant fate and transport issues at ORNL, where the subsurface burial of toxic metals and radionuclides has occurred. A multiregion flow and transport concept has been adopted to describe the movement of water and solutes through the weathered shale. A variety of multiscale experimental and numerical endeavors have been undertaken to justify the multiregion concept. Experimental manipulations at the laboratory, intermediate, and field scales are designed to quantify the rates and mechanisms of intra-and inter-region mass transfer. These experimental techniques have significantly improved our conceptual understanding of time-dependent solute migration in fractured subsurface media and have also provided the necessary experimental constraints needed for accurate numerical quantification of the physical or geochemical nonequilibrium processes that control solute migration. JF - Conceptual models of flow and transport in the fractured vadose zone AU - Jardine, P M AU - Wilson, G V AU - Luxmoore, R J AU - Gwo, J P Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 PB - National Academy Press, Washington, DC SN - 0309073022 KW - United States KW - processes KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - experimental studies KW - shale KW - unsaturated zone KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - concepts KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - models KW - fracture zones KW - sedimentary rocks KW - movement KW - Tennessee KW - waste disposal KW - heterogeneity KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52211148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jardine%2C+P+M%3BWilson%2C+G+V%3BLuxmoore%2C+R+J%3BGwo%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0309073022&rft.btitle=Conceptual+model+of+vadose-zone+transport+in+fractured+weathered+shales&rft.title=Conceptual+model+of+vadose-zone+transport+in+fractured+weathered+shales&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting AN - 52149654; 2002-010312 AB - Numerical models for hydrothermal fluid flow commonly include the premise that the migrating fluid is pure water. This simplifying assumption implies that small amounts of dissolved gases (e.g., CO (sub 2) ) and solids (e.g., NaCl and SiO (sub 2) ) have negligible effects on the thermophysical properties and phase relations of H (sub 2) O-rich hydrothermal solutions. Thus, it is significant that recently acquired density and phase equilibrium data for CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O mixtures (Seitz and Blencoe, 1997; Seitz et al., 1999; Blencoe et al., 2001; Seitz et al., in prep.) can be used to calculate highly accurate relative buoyancies for the fluids at 300-400 degrees C, P< or =100 MPa, using pure H (sub 2) O as the reference fluid. The relative buoyancy (RB) of a CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O mixture at a given P and T is defined by the relation RB = rho H (sub 2) O/rho , where rho H (sub 2) O is the density of pure water, and rho is the density of the CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O mixture. Peak values for RB at 300, 350 and 400 degrees C, calculated from the density data for CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O mixtures--with densities for pure H (sub 2) O given by a highly accurate equation of state (Wagner and Pruss, 1995)--are, respectively: 11.8 (P = 9.94 MPa, X (sub CO2) = 0.10); 5.4 (P = 17.44 MPa, X (sub CO2) = 0.20); and 2.2 (P = 34.94 MPa, X (sub CO2) = 0.30). Therefore, at 300-400 degrees C, P< or =100 MPa: (1) the most buoyant CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O mixtures are H (sub 2) O-rich, and (2) the buoyancy contrast between the most buoyant CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O fluid and pure H (sub 2) O increases sharply with decreasing temperature and pressure. These results strongly suggest that small amounts of CO (sub 2) can have profound effects on the rates and patterns of hydrothermal fluid flow in sedimentary basins, geothermal fields and shallow contact metamorphic aureoles. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Singh, Jagmohan AU - Seitz, Jeffery C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 17 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - density KW - sedimentary basins KW - fluid dynamics KW - metamorphism KW - high pressure KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - carbon dioxide KW - buoyancy KW - geothermal fields KW - contact metamorphism KW - theoretical studies KW - phase equilibria KW - aureoles KW - basins KW - thermomechanical properties KW - P-T conditions KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52149654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Geological+Society+of+America%2C+2001+annual+meeting&rft.au=Blencoe%2C+James+G%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BSingh%2C+Jagmohan%3BSeitz%2C+Jeffery+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Blencoe&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aureoles; basins; buoyancy; carbon dioxide; contact metamorphism; density; fluid dynamics; geothermal fields; high pressure; hydrothermal conditions; metamorphism; numerical models; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; pressure; sedimentary basins; theoretical studies; thermomechanical properties; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The importance of early quartz cementation events in the evolution of aquifer properties of ancient sandstones; isotopic evidence from ion probe analysis of sandstones from the McArthur, Athabasca, and Thelon basins AN - 52126934; 2002-020345 AB - Quartz cementation plays a major role in controlling the hydrologic properties of sandstones; it effectively occludes pores and decreases permeability. Because sedimentary rock-hosted economic deposits involve fluid flow at critical intervals during their burial history, it is crucial to understand the timing of pore-occluding phases. Most quartz cementation occurs at >2 km burial depth where pressure solution generates silica. We have, however, observed quartz cements in 3 Proterozoic basins (the Athabasca and Thelon basins, Canada, and the McArthur Basin, Australia) which host important mineral deposits (U, Pb, Zn, etc.) that exhibit petrographic characteristics suggesting quartz cementation began at shallow depth before mineralizing fluids were present. To estimate the depth of quartz cementation, we coupled quartz cement stratigraphy (from petrography) with high precision in situ ion probe-generated delta (super 18) O data (n = 81) from 10 mu m areas. Conventional analysis of quartz overgrowths is difficult due to the small size of the overgrowths, and usually mixes detrital and authigenic phases that results in burial depth estimates ranging from 3-5 km. Isotopic data presented here is from specific, small-scale individual phases including isopachous, fringing cement, and blocky pore-filling quartz that preserves pre-compaction grain-to-grain spatial relationships and sometimes exhibits later overgrowths. delta (super 18) O values from the early isopachous (25 mu m thick) fringing phase are as high as 33.2 (SMOW) per mil, with a mean of 27.1 per mil. These data along with petrographic relationships indicate that this phase precipitated near the surface. delta (super 18) O values from early blocky quartz cement range from 20.1 to 24.5, with a mean of 22.4 per mil, and are overlain by cements with much lower delta (super 18) O values. The delta (super 18) O data show that early quartz cements in these Proterozoic basins began at or near the surface at <1 km burial depth. Reports of such early phases are rare due to the limitations of existing techniques to resolve individual phases. Understanding the timing of pore-occluding quartz cement is important in the case of ancient sandstones because these cement phases can transform aquifers into diagenetic aquicludes and can potentially either stop or redirect mineralizing fluid flow. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hiatt, Eric E AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Kyser, Kurt AU - Polito, Paul AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 74 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - silicates KW - McArthur Basin KW - upper Precambrian KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - silica minerals KW - isotopes KW - Thelon Basin KW - siliciclastics KW - sandstone KW - mass spectra KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - framework silicates KW - Australia KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - Precambrian KW - Australasia KW - isotope ratios KW - cementation KW - Proterozoic KW - O-18/O-16 KW - porosity KW - aquifers KW - Canada KW - diagenesis KW - quartz KW - Western Canada KW - clastic rocks KW - Athabasca Basin KW - permeability KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52126934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+importance+of+early+quartz+cementation+events+in+the+evolution+of+aquifer+properties+of+ancient+sandstones%3B+isotopic+evidence+from+ion+probe+analysis+of+sandstones+from+the+McArthur%2C+Athabasca%2C+and+Thelon+basins&rft.au=Hiatt%2C+Eric+E%3BFayek%2C+Mostafa%3BKyser%2C+Kurt%3BPolito%2C+Paul%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hiatt&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=74&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Athabasca Basin; Australasia; Australia; Canada; cementation; clastic rocks; diagenesis; framework silicates; geochemistry; ground water; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; McArthur Basin; O-18/O-16; oxygen; permeability; porosity; Precambrian; Proterozoic; quartz; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; silica minerals; silicates; siliciclastics; spectra; stable isotopes; Thelon Basin; upper Precambrian; Western Canada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-technique study of a Martian aeolian sand analog AN - 52108346; 2002-040106 AB - Potential scientific returns from technological advances in various forms of microscopy and benchmarking of currently available in-situ measurements using an aeolian red dune sand from the central Australian desert. JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Kuhlman, K R AU - Marshall, J AU - Evans, N D AU - Luttge, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstr. no. 1887 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 32 KW - imagery KW - Mount Olga KW - Mars Environmental Compatibility Assessment KW - optical spectra KW - data processing KW - Northern Territory Australia KW - Mars KW - laboratory studies KW - sediments KW - Australia KW - spectra KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - Australasia KW - clastic sediments KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - terrestrial planets KW - planets KW - natural analogs KW - terrestrial comparison KW - MECA KW - SEM data KW - regolith KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52108346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Multi-technique+study+of+a+Martian+aeolian+sand+analog&rft.au=Kuhlman%2C+K+R%3BMarshall%2C+J%3BEvans%2C+N+D%3BLuttge%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kuhlman&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-second lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - analySIS 3.1 software package from Soft Imaging System Corporation accessible at http://www.soft-imaging.com/ N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; Australia; clastic sediments; data processing; experimental studies; imagery; laboratory studies; Mars; Mars Environmental Compatibility Assessment; MECA; Mount Olga; natural analogs; Northern Territory Australia; optical spectra; planets; regolith; sand; sediments; SEM data; spectra; TEM data; terrestrial comparison; terrestrial planets; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineering sciences in academia; applications to decision-making AN - 52020797; 2003-013844 JF - OCS Report - MMS AU - Osborne-Lee, Irvin W AU - Bryant, Milton R AU - Ferrada, Juan J A2 - McKay, Melanie A2 - Nides, Judith A2 - Vigil, Debra Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 409 EP - 422 PB - U. S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Resource Evaluation Division, [location varies] KW - models KW - waste management KW - engineering geology KW - college-level education KW - technology KW - risk assessment KW - decision-making KW - applications KW - education KW - cost KW - construction KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52020797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=OCS+Report+-+MMS&rft.atitle=Engineering+sciences+in+academia%3B+applications+to+decision-making&rft.au=Osborne-Lee%2C+Irvin+W%3BBryant%2C+Milton+R%3BFerrada%2C+Juan+J&rft.aulast=Osborne-Lee&rft.aufirst=Irvin&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=OCS+Report+-+MMS&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Nineteenth annual Gulf of Mexico information transfer meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04897 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; college-level education; construction; cost; decision-making; education; engineering geology; models; risk assessment; technology; waste management ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Do superplumes select for hyperthermophiles in the deep subsurface? AN - 51991157; 2003-038168 AB - Samples were collected from South African Witwatersrand Basin Au mines across a variety of geological formations, hydrological regimes, temperatures and depths (up to 3.3 km below land surface). The microbial communities found in the subsurface fissure water reflect the source of the water, the principle terminal electron acceptor and the hydrogeological history. Bacterial populations indigenous to this system are composed of meso/thermophilic Desulfotomaculum-like gram positives and several novel, deep branching lineages. Sulfur isotopic data confirm that bacterial reduction of sulfate is a dominant electron acceptor. DNA extracts from fissure water bearing isotopic evidence of a deeper geothermal source were dominated by archaeal lineages related to known hyperthermophiles (mostly Pyrococcus sp.). The predominant archaeal clone type from the highest temperature water (60 degrees C) was 99% similar to Pyrococcus abysii. Methanogens have not been identified in the fissure water, although CH4 is a dominant gas species. Carbon isotopic analyses confirm that the CH4 is nonbiogenic in origin, but may be functioning as an electron donor. Another electron donor is H2, which is a major gas constituent in the U-rich Au mines of the northern Wits basin. 36Cl analyses constrain the minimum age of some fissure water to be between 1-3 myr. The maximum age of in situ microbial communities has been constrained by apatite fission track analyses. Modeling of a sample collected at 3.7 km indicates that the region cooled below 110-120 degrees C at 70-90 Ma. Other apatite fission track results indicate that this cooling trend follows a 90 Ma thermotectonic event that increased heat flow, initiated uplift and erosion. The response of the South African crust to the superplume may also be reflected in the deep subsurface microbial communities. Because the rock temperatures at 3.3 km were at 100 degrees C at 70 Ma, a thermal bottleneck existed that only hyperthermophilic microorganisms could have survived. The meso/thermophilic microorganisms at these depths represent more recent immigrants. To date the immigrants that have been characterized are quite novel and include a metal-reducing bacterium Thermus multireducens and an extreme alkaliphilic anaerobe Alkaliphilus transvaalensis. JF - Earth system processes AU - Onstott, T C AU - Moser, Duane P AU - Lin, Lihung AU - Takai, Ken AU - Fredrickson, Jim K AU - Brockman, Fred J AU - Pratt, Lisa AU - Sherwood-Lollar, Barbara AU - Slater, Greg AU - Hoek, Joost AU - Omar, Gomaa I AU - Kieft, Tom AU - Balkwill, David AU - Pfiffner, Susan AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Lippman, Johanna AU - Stute, Martin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 90 PB - Geological Society of America and Geological Society of London KW - communities KW - Archaea KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - stable isotopes KW - radioactive isotopes KW - carbon KW - ecology KW - South Africa KW - geochemistry KW - mantle plumes KW - Witwatersrand KW - thermophilic taxa KW - chlorine KW - biodegradation KW - superplumes KW - sulfate ion KW - methane KW - isotope ratios KW - fissures KW - Cl-36 KW - C-13/C-12 KW - alkanes KW - hydrochemistry KW - depth KW - thermal waters KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - organic compounds KW - S-34/S-32 KW - Southern Africa KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - DNA KW - sulfur KW - Africa KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51991157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Onstott%2C+T+C%3BMoser%2C+Duane+P%3BLin%2C+Lihung%3BTakai%2C+Ken%3BFredrickson%2C+Jim+K%3BBrockman%2C+Fred+J%3BPratt%2C+Lisa%3BSherwood-Lollar%2C+Barbara%3BSlater%2C+Greg%3BHoek%2C+Joost%3BOmar%2C+Gomaa+I%3BKieft%2C+Tom%3BBalkwill%2C+David%3BPfiffner%2C+Susan%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BLippman%2C+Johanna%3BStute%2C+Martin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Onstott&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Do+superplumes+select+for+hyperthermophiles+in+the+deep+subsurface%3F&rft.title=Do+superplumes+select+for+hyperthermophiles+in+the+deep+subsurface%3F&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Earth system processes N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fractionation of carbon and hydrogen isotopes in biosynthetic processes AN - 51982158; 2003-041203 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Hayes, John M A2 - Valley, John W. A2 - Cole, David R. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 225 EP - 277 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 43 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - isotope fractionation KW - fatty acids KW - lipids KW - isotopes KW - biomass KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - stable isotopes KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - biogenic processes KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - carbon KW - amino acids KW - tetrapyrroles KW - carbohydrates KW - deuterium KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51982158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Fractionation+of+carbon+and+hydrogen+isotopes+in+biosynthetic+processes&rft.au=Hayes%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=0939950553&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 107 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amino acids; biogenic processes; biomass; C-13/C-12; carbohydrates; carbon; D/H; deuterium; fatty acids; hydrogen; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; lipids; organic acids; organic compounds; stable isotopes; tetrapyrroles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stratigraphic variation in marine carbonate carbon isotope ratios AN - 51981599; 2003-041213 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Ripperdan, Robert L A2 - Valley, John W. A2 - Cole, David R. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 637 EP - 662 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 43 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - hydrates KW - glaciation KW - isotopes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - stable isotopes KW - carbon dioxide KW - Ordovician KW - marine sediments KW - mass balance KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - chemostratigraphy KW - organic carbon KW - methane KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - alkanes KW - clathrates KW - geochemical cycle KW - organic compounds KW - marine environment KW - hydrocarbons KW - mass extinctions KW - carbon cycle KW - carbonates KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51981599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Stratigraphic+variation+in+marine+carbonate+carbon+isotope+ratios&rft.au=Ripperdan%2C+Robert+L&rft.aulast=Ripperdan&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=637&rft.isbn=0939950553&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 90 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; carbonates; chemostratigraphy; clathrates; geochemical cycle; glaciation; hydrates; hydrocarbons; isotope ratios; isotopes; marine environment; marine sediments; mass balance; mass extinctions; methane; Ordovician; organic carbon; organic compounds; Paleozoic; sediments; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable isotopes in seafloor hydrothermal systems; vent fluids, hydrothermal deposits, hydrothermal alteration, and microbial processes AN - 51981597; 2003-041208 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Shanks, W C, III A2 - Valley, John W. A2 - Cole, David R. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 469 EP - 525 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 43 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - Mariana Trough KW - serpentinization KW - oxygen KW - Southwest Pacific KW - isotopes KW - Lau Basin KW - Bismarck Sea KW - hydrothermal vents KW - fluid phase KW - metasomatism KW - stable isotopes KW - Southeast Pacific KW - West Pacific KW - carbon KW - ocean floors KW - Northwest Pacific KW - East Pacific KW - Manus Basin KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - South Pacific KW - O-18/O-16 KW - North Fiji Basin KW - plate convergence KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - Izu-Bonin Arc KW - deep-water environment KW - S-34/S-32 KW - North Pacific KW - D/H KW - magmas KW - hydrogen KW - eruptions KW - Pacific Ocean KW - sulfur KW - East Pacific Rise KW - microorganisms KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51981597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Stable+isotopes+in+seafloor+hydrothermal+systems%3B+vent+fluids%2C+hydrothermal+deposits%2C+hydrothermal+alteration%2C+and+microbial+processes&rft.au=Shanks%2C+W+C%2C+III&rft.aulast=Shanks&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=469&rft.isbn=0939950553&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 183 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bismarck Sea; C-13/C-12; carbon; D/H; deep-water environment; East Pacific; East Pacific Rise; eruptions; fluid phase; hydrogen; hydrothermal conditions; hydrothermal vents; isotope ratios; isotopes; Izu-Bonin Arc; Lau Basin; magmas; Manus Basin; Mariana Trough; metasomatism; microorganisms; North Fiji Basin; North Pacific; Northwest Pacific; O-18/O-16; ocean floors; oxygen; Pacific Ocean; plate convergence; S-34/S-32; serpentinization; South Pacific; Southeast Pacific; Southwest Pacific; stable isotopes; sulfur; West Pacific ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic biogeochemistry of marine organic carbon AN - 51981565; 2003-041211 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Freeman, Katherine H A2 - Valley, John W. A2 - Cole, David R. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 579 EP - 605 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 43 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - photosynthesis KW - isotope fractionation KW - sea water KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - trophic analysis KW - C-13/C-12 KW - photochemistry KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - stable isotopes KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - paleoenvironment KW - marine environment KW - carbon KW - organic carbon KW - microorganisms KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51981565?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Isotopic+biogeochemistry+of+marine+organic+carbon&rft.au=Freeman%2C+Katherine+H&rft.aulast=Freeman&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=579&rft.isbn=0939950553&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 234 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biogenic processes; C-13/C-12; carbon; ecosystems; global change; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; marine environment; microorganisms; organic carbon; organic compounds; paleoenvironment; photochemistry; photosynthesis; sea water; stable isotopes; trophic analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable isotope transport and contact metamorphic fluid flow AN - 51981547; 2003-041207 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Baumgartner, Lukas P AU - Valley, John W A2 - Valley, John W. A2 - Cole, David R. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 415 EP - 467 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 43 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - siliceous composition KW - fluid phase KW - stable isotopes KW - dolomite KW - volatilization KW - contact metamorphism KW - transport KW - mass balance KW - carbon KW - Wasatch Range KW - North America KW - diffusion KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - U. S. Rocky Mountains KW - mathematical models KW - O-18/O-16 KW - equations KW - metamorphism KW - porosity KW - volatiles KW - infiltration KW - aureoles KW - Utah KW - carbonates KW - Rocky Mountains KW - permeability KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51981547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Stable+isotope+transport+and+contact+metamorphic+fluid+flow&rft.au=Baumgartner%2C+Lukas+P%3BValley%2C+John+W&rft.aulast=Baumgartner&rft.aufirst=Lukas&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=415&rft.isbn=0939950553&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 174 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aureoles; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbonates; contact metamorphism; diffusion; dolomite; equations; fluid phase; infiltration; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass balance; mathematical models; metamorphism; North America; O-18/O-16; oxygen; permeability; porosity; Rocky Mountains; siliceous composition; stable isotopes; transport; U. S. Rocky Mountains; United States; Utah; volatiles; volatilization; Wasatch Range ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rates and mechanisms of isotopic exchange AN - 51981515; 2003-041202 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Cole, David R AU - Chakraborty, Sumit A2 - Valley, John W. A2 - Cole, David R. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 83 EP - 223 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 43 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - isotope fractionation KW - diffusion KW - volcanic rocks KW - oxygen KW - glasses KW - gaseous phase KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - stable isotopes KW - melts KW - hydrogen KW - carbon KW - sulfur KW - kinetics KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51981515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Rates+and+mechanisms+of+isotopic+exchange&rft.au=Cole%2C+David+R%3BChakraborty%2C+Sumit&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=0939950553&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 537 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; diffusion; gaseous phase; glasses; hydrogen; igneous rocks; isotope fractionation; isotopes; kinetics; melts; oxygen; stable isotopes; sulfur; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen isotope variations of basaltic lavas and upper mantle rocks AN - 51981106; 2003-041205 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Eiler, John M A2 - Valley, John W. A2 - Cole, David R. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 319 EP - 364 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 43 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - United States KW - oceanic crust KW - isotope fractionation KW - volcanic rocks KW - subduction zones KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - partial melting KW - mantle KW - Europe KW - stable isotopes KW - variations KW - marine sediments KW - noble gases KW - metamorphic rocks KW - basalts KW - sediments KW - helium KW - lower crust KW - upper mantle KW - Western Europe KW - isotope ratios KW - Hawaii KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - O-18/O-16 KW - volatiles KW - lava KW - island arcs KW - mid-ocean ridge basalts KW - Oceania KW - crystallization KW - intraplate processes KW - Polynesia KW - He-4/He-3 KW - Iceland KW - ocean-island basalts KW - crust KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51981106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Oxygen+isotope+variations+of+basaltic+lavas+and+upper+mantle+rocks&rft.au=Eiler%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Eiler&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=0939950553&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 152 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; crust; crystallization; East Pacific Ocean Islands; Europe; Hawaii; He-4/He-3; helium; Iceland; igneous rocks; intraplate processes; island arcs; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; lava; lower crust; mantle; marine sediments; metamorphic rocks; mid-ocean ridge basalts; noble gases; O-18/O-16; ocean-island basalts; Oceania; oceanic crust; oxygen; partial melting; Polynesia; sediments; stable isotopes; subduction zones; United States; upper mantle; variations; volatiles; volcanic rocks; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen- and hydrogen-isotopic ratios of water in precipitation; beyond paleothermometry AN - 51980852; 2003-041209 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Alley, Richard B AU - Cuffey, Kurt M A2 - Valley, John W. A2 - Cole, David R. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 527 EP - 553 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 43 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - sea water KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - surface water KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - O-18/O-16 KW - stable isotopes KW - D/H KW - precipitation KW - paleotemperature KW - hydrogen KW - deuterium KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51980852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Oxygen-+and+hydrogen-isotopic+ratios+of+water+in+precipitation%3B+beyond+paleothermometry&rft.au=Alley%2C+Richard+B%3BCuffey%2C+Kurt+M&rft.aulast=Alley&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=0939950553&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 91 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; D/H; deuterium; hydrogen; isotope ratios; isotopes; O-18/O-16; oxygen; paleotemperature; precipitation; sea water; stable isotopes; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Equilibrium oxygen, hydrogen and carbon isotope fractionation factors applicable to geologic systems AN - 51980791; 2003-041201 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Chacko, Thomas AU - Cole, David R AU - Horita, Juske A2 - Valley, John W. A2 - Cole, David R. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 1 EP - 81 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 43 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - isotope fractionation KW - geologic thermometry KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - O-18/O-16 KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - partitioning KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - carbon KW - applications KW - deuterium KW - geochemistry KW - minerals KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51980791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Equilibrium+oxygen%2C+hydrogen+and+carbon+isotope+fractionation+factors+applicable+to+geologic+systems&rft.au=Chacko%2C+Thomas%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BHorita%2C+Juske&rft.aulast=Chacko&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=0939950553&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 319 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; C-13/C-12; carbon; D/H; deuterium; geochemistry; geologic thermometry; hydrogen; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; minerals; O-18/O-16; oxygen; partitioning; stable isotopes; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable isotope geochemistry AN - 51980755; 2003-041200 AB - Although this follows the 1986 Reviews in Mineralogy, Vol. 16, approach, its 13 chapters reflect significant changes in the field.(1)Equilibrium oxygen, hydrogen and carbon isotope fractionation factors applicable to geologic systems. T. Chacko, D. R. Cole & J. Horita, pp 1-81.(2)Rates and mechanisms of isotopic exchange. D. R. Cole & S. Chakraborty, pp 83-223.(3)Fractionation of carbon and hydrogen isotopes in biosynthetic processes. J. M. Hayes, pp 225-277.(4)Stable isotope variations in extraterrestrial materials. K. D. McKeegan & L. A. Leshin, pp 279-318.(5)Oxygen isotope variations of basaltic lavas and upper mantle rocks. J. M. Eiler, pp 319-364.(6)Stable isotope thermometry at high temperatures. J. W. Valley, pp 365-413.(7)Stable isotope transport and contact metamorphic fluid flow. L. P. Baumgartner & J. W. Valley, pp 415-467.(8)Stable isotopes in seafloor hydrothermal systems: vent fluids, hydrothermal deposits, hydrothermal alteration, and microbial processes. W. C. Shanks III, pp 469-525.(9)Oxygen- and hydrogen-isotopic ratios of water in precipitation: beyond paleothermometry. R. B. Alley & K. M. Cuffey, pp 527-553.(10)Isotopic evolution of the bioigeochemical carbon cycle during the Precambrian. D. J. Des Marais, pp 555-578.(11)Isotopic biogeochemistry of marine organic carbon. K. H. Freeman, pp 579-605.(12)Biogeochemistry of sulfur isotopes. D. E. Canfield, pp 607-636.(13)Stratigraphic variation in marine carbonate carbon isotope ratios. R. L. Ripperdan, pp 637-662. JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry A2 - Valley, John W. A2 - Cole, David R. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 662 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 43 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - isotope fractionation KW - isotopes KW - geochemistry KW - stable isotopes KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51980755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0939950553&rft.btitle=Stable+isotope+geochemistry&rft.title=Stable+isotope+geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Individual chapters are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geochemistry; isotope fractionation; isotopes; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable isotope thermometry at high temperatures AN - 51980754; 2003-041206 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Valley, John W A2 - Valley, John W. A2 - Cole, David R. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 365 EP - 413 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 43 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - isotope fractionation KW - geologic thermometry KW - oxygen KW - silica minerals KW - isotopes KW - stable isotopes KW - fugacity KW - temperature KW - partitioning KW - contact metamorphism KW - aluminosilicates KW - carbon KW - oxides KW - framework silicates KW - kinetics KW - diffusion KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - O-18/O-16 KW - native elements KW - metamorphism KW - graphite KW - New York KW - S-34/S-32 KW - rutile KW - sulfur KW - quartz KW - carbonates KW - Adirondack Mountains KW - high temperature KW - magnetite KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51980754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Stable+isotope+thermometry+at+high+temperatures&rft.au=Valley%2C+John+W&rft.aulast=Valley&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=0939950553&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 308 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adirondack Mountains; aluminosilicates; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbonates; contact metamorphism; diffusion; framework silicates; fugacity; geologic thermometry; graphite; high temperature; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; magnetite; metamorphism; native elements; New York; O-18/O-16; oxides; oxygen; partitioning; quartz; rutile; S-34/S-32; silica minerals; silicates; stable isotopes; sulfur; temperature; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic evolution of the biogeochemical carbon cycle during the Precambrian AN - 51980198; 2003-041210 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Des Marais, David J A2 - Valley, John W. A2 - Cole, David R. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 555 EP - 578 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 43 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - upper Precambrian KW - isotopes KW - mantle KW - stable isotopes KW - hydrosphere KW - mass balance KW - carbon KW - Archean KW - Neoproterozoic KW - Precambrian KW - eukaryotes KW - isotope ratios KW - paleoatmosphere KW - C-13/C-12 KW - sedimentation KW - Proterozoic KW - metamorphism KW - Mesoproterozoic KW - geochemical cycle KW - Kaapvaal Craton KW - biogenic processes KW - paleoenvironment KW - biosphere KW - Southern Africa KW - Africa KW - crust KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51980198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Isotopic+evolution+of+the+biogeochemical+carbon+cycle+during+the+Precambrian&rft.au=Des+Marais%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Des+Marais&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=555&rft.isbn=0939950553&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 121 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Archean; biogenic processes; biosphere; C-13/C-12; carbon; crust; eukaryotes; geochemical cycle; hydrosphere; isotope ratios; isotopes; Kaapvaal Craton; mantle; mass balance; Mesoproterozoic; metamorphism; Neoproterozoic; paleoatmosphere; paleoenvironment; Precambrian; Proterozoic; sedimentation; Southern Africa; stable isotopes; upper Precambrian ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable isotope variations in extraterrestrial materials AN - 51980167; 2003-041204 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - McKeegan, Kevin D AU - Leshin, Laurie A A2 - Valley, John W. A2 - Cole, David R. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 279 EP - 318 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 43 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - stony meteorites KW - oxygen KW - Moon KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - Mars KW - cosmochemistry KW - O-18/O-16 KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - CV chondrites KW - CV3 chondrites KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - Allende Meteorite KW - terrestrial planets KW - planets KW - meteorites KW - extraterrestrial geology KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - carbon KW - chondrites KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51980167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Stable+isotope+variations+in+extraterrestrial+materials&rft.au=McKeegan%2C+Kevin+D%3BLeshin%2C+Laurie+A&rft.aulast=McKeegan&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=0939950553&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 184 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Allende Meteorite; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbonaceous chondrites; chondrites; cosmochemistry; CV chondrites; CV3 chondrites; D/H; extraterrestrial geology; hydrogen; isotope ratios; isotopes; Mars; meteorites; Moon; nitrogen; O-18/O-16; oxygen; planets; stable isotopes; stony meteorites; terrestrial planets ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Advanced instrumentation for in situ field monitoring of soil carbon sequestration AN - 51962293; 2003-051713 JF - First national conference on Carbon sequestration AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Martin, M Z AU - Vo-Dinh, T AU - Griffin, G D AU - Stokes, D L AU - Wintenberg, A L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 6 VL - DOE/NETL-2001/114 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - chemical analysis KW - technology KW - monitoring KW - sequestration KW - in situ KW - measurement KW - carbon dioxide KW - mitigation KW - Raman spectra KW - carbon KW - spectra KW - organic carbon KW - geochemistry KW - instruments KW - design KW - field studies KW - 25:Soils KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51962293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Wullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BMartin%2C+M+Z%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T%3BGriffin%2C+G+D%3BStokes%2C+D+L%3BWintenberg%2C+A+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wullschleger&rft.aufirst=Stan&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Advanced+instrumentation+for+in+situ+field+monitoring+of+soil+carbon+sequestration&rft.title=Advanced+instrumentation+for+in+situ+field+monitoring+of+soil+carbon+sequestration&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/01/carbon_seq/p49.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First national conference on Carbon sequestration N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems; a status report on R&D progress AN - 51962190; 2003-051723 JF - First national conference on Carbon sequestration AU - Jacobs, Gary K AU - Dahlman, Roger C AU - Metting, F Blaine, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 8 VL - DOE/NETL-2001/114 KW - soils KW - terrestrial environment KW - sequestration KW - development KW - biomass KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - research KW - cost KW - carbon dioxide KW - environmental management KW - mitigation KW - carbon KW - ecology KW - greenhouse effect KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51962190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+Gary+K%3BDahlman%2C+Roger+C%3BMetting%2C+F+Blaine%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Carbon+sequestration+in+terrestrial+ecosystems%3B+a+status+report+on+R%26D+progress&rft.title=Carbon+sequestration+in+terrestrial+ecosystems%3B+a+status+report+on+R%26D+progress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/01/carbon_seq/3C1.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First national conference on Carbon sequestration N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Experimental geochemical studies relevant to carbon sequestration AN - 51960996; 2003-051698 JF - First national conference on Carbon sequestration AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Cole, David R AU - Horita, Juske AU - Moline, Gerilynn R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 14 VL - DOE/NETL-2001/114 KW - bedrock KW - experimental studies KW - sequestration KW - underground storage KW - sinks KW - data processing KW - global change KW - feasibility studies KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - computer programs KW - reactivity KW - chemical reactions KW - residence time KW - chemical properties KW - greenhouse effect KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - storage KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51960996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Blencoe%2C+James+G%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BMoline%2C+Gerilynn+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Blencoe&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Experimental+geochemical+studies+relevant+to+carbon+sequestration&rft.title=Experimental+geochemical+studies+relevant+to+carbon+sequestration&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/01/carbon_seq/p31.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First national conference on Carbon sequestration N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new experimental method for determining liquid-vapor equilibria in the CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O system at high subcritical temperatures AN - 51551222; 2006-068216 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Blencoe, J G AU - Naney, M T AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 3262 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX VL - 1088 SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - liquid phase KW - experimental studies KW - phase equilibria KW - physicochemical properties KW - water vapor KW - fluid phase KW - thermodynamic properties KW - P-T conditions KW - carbon dioxide KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51551222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=A+new+experimental+method+for+determining+liquid-vapor+equilibria+in+the+CO+%28sub+2%29+-H+%28sub+2%29+O+system+at+high+subcritical+temperatures&rft.au=Blencoe%2C+J+G%3BNaney%2C+M+T%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Blencoe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=1088&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3262.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 19, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; experimental studies; fluid phase; liquid phase; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; physicochemical properties; thermodynamic properties; water vapor ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A single-crystal neutron diffraction study of the amblygonite (LiAlPO (sub 4) F)-montebrasite (LiAlPO (sub 4) OH) solid solution AN - 51550097; 2006-068106 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Groat, L A AU - Chakoumakos, B C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 3753 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - lithium KW - montebrasite KW - alkali metals KW - crystal structure KW - phosphates KW - bonding KW - solid solution KW - NMR spectra KW - MAS NMR spectra KW - polyhedra KW - single-crystal method KW - metals KW - neutron diffraction data KW - valency KW - spectra KW - amblygonite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51550097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=A+single-crystal+neutron+diffraction+study+of+the+amblygonite+%28LiAlPO+%28sub+4%29+F%29-montebrasite+%28LiAlPO+%28sub+4%29+OH%29+solid+solution&rft.au=Groat%2C+L+A%3BChakoumakos%2C+B+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Groat&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3753&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3753.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on July 8, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; amblygonite; bonding; crystal structure; lithium; MAS NMR spectra; metals; montebrasite; neutron diffraction data; NMR spectra; phosphates; polyhedra; single-crystal method; solid solution; spectra; valency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solubility and surface adsorption characteristics of metal oxides to high temperature AN - 51365293; 2007-113039 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Machesky, M L AU - Ziemniak, S E AU - Xiao, C AU - Palmer, D A AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Benezeth, P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstract no. 3247 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - surface properties KW - experimental studies KW - spinel KW - solutes KW - chromite KW - aqueous solutions KW - adsorption KW - solubility KW - temperature KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - brines KW - oxides KW - minerals KW - high temperature KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51365293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Solubility+and+surface+adsorption+characteristics+of+metal+oxides+to+high+temperature&rft.au=Wesolowski%2C+D+J%3BMachesky%2C+M+L%3BZiemniak%2C+S+E%3BXiao%2C+C%3BPalmer%2C+D+A%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BBenezeth%2C+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wesolowski&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3247.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldscmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 3, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aqueous solutions; brines; chromite; experimental studies; high temperature; laboratory studies; metals; minerals; oxides; solubility; solutes; spinel; surface properties; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical chemistry of coexisting phases in geothermal systems AN - 51363858; 2007-113037 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Simonson, J M AU - Palmer, D A AU - Gruszkiewicz, M S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstract no. 3256 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - desorption KW - physicochemical properties KW - solutes KW - mineral-water interface KW - fluid phase KW - adsorption KW - California KW - geothermal fields KW - The Geysers KW - geothermal systems KW - phase equilibria KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51363858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Physical+chemistry+of+coexisting+phases+in+geothermal+systems&rft.au=Simonson%2C+J+M%3BPalmer%2C+D+A%3BGruszkiewicz%2C+M+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Simonson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3256.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldscmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 3, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; California; desorption; fluid phase; geothermal fields; geothermal systems; mineral-water interface; phase equilibria; physicochemical properties; solute transport; solutes; The Geysers; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aqueous aluminum chemistry; impact on energy production and consumption AN - 51363110; 2007-113036 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Palmer, D A AU - Benezeth, P AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Holmes, H F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstract no. 3255 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - solute transport KW - boehmite KW - consumption KW - aqueous solutions KW - solubility KW - radioactive waste KW - hydroxides KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - oxides KW - waste disposal KW - gibbsite KW - potentiometry KW - pH KW - energy KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51363110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Aqueous+aluminum+chemistry%3B+impact+on+energy+production+and+consumption&rft.au=Palmer%2C+D+A%3BBenezeth%2C+P%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BHolmes%2C+H+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldscmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; aqueous solutions; boehmite; consumption; energy; gibbsite; hydroxides; metals; oxides; pH; potentiometry; radioactive waste; solubility; solute transport; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fundamental studies of stable isotope exchange in systems relevant to energy utilization AN - 51362759; 2007-113034 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Cole, D R AU - Horita, J AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstract no. 3766 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - isotope fractionation KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - stable isotopes KW - radioactive waste KW - carbon dioxide KW - hydrogen KW - deuterium KW - waste disposal KW - kinetics KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51362759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Fundamental+studies+of+stable+isotope+exchange+in+systems+relevant+to+energy+utilization&rft.au=Cole%2C+D+R%3BHorita%2C+J%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3766.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldscmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 3, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; deuterium; hydrogen; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; O-18/O-16; oxygen; radioactive waste; stable isotopes; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogenic vs. abiogenic isotope signatures of reduced carbon compounds; a lesson from hydrothermal synthesis experiments AN - 51347519; 2007-112972 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Horita, J AU - Allen, D E AU - Berndt, M E AU - Seyfried, W E, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstract no. 3290 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - N-15/N-14 KW - methane KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - alkanes KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - inorganic materials KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - biogenic processes KW - hydrogen KW - carbon KW - amino acids KW - hydrocarbons KW - reduction KW - deuterium KW - synthesis KW - Eh KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51347519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Biogenic+vs.+abiogenic+isotope+signatures+of+reduced+carbon+compounds%3B+a+lesson+from+hydrothermal+synthesis+experiments&rft.au=Horita%2C+J%3BAllen%2C+D+E%3BBerndt%2C+M+E%3BSeyfried%2C+W+E%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3290.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 13, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; amino acids; biogenic processes; C-13/C-12; carbon; deuterium; Eh; hydrocarbons; hydrogen; hydrothermal conditions; inorganic materials; isotope ratios; isotopes; methane; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; organic acids; organic compounds; reduction; stable isotopes; synthesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental synthesis of some reduced carbon compounds; implications for mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal systems AN - 51347263; 2007-112970 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Allen, D E AU - Horita, J AU - Seyfried, W E, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstract no. 3656 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - organic compounds KW - experimental studies KW - geothermal systems KW - catalysis KW - carbon KW - reduction KW - synthesis KW - ocean floors KW - geochemistry KW - mid-ocean ridges KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - 07:Oceanography KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51347263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Experimental+synthesis+of+some+reduced+carbon+compounds%3B+implications+for+mid-ocean+ridge+hydrothermal+systems&rft.au=Allen%2C+D+E%3BHorita%2C+J%3BSeyfried%2C+W+E%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3556.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 13, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; catalysis; experimental studies; geochemistry; geothermal systems; hydrothermal conditions; mid-ocean ridges; ocean floors; organic compounds; reduction; synthesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controls on formation of low-sulfidation epithermal deposits in Mexico; constraints from fluid inclusion and stable isotope data AN - 50899568; 2002-042340 AB - Fluid inclusion and metal-ratio data have been compiled for 52 low-sulfidation precious metal and base metal-rich low-sulfidation epithermal deposits in Mexico. Precious metal deposits typically have inclusion salinities that range from 0 to 7.5 wt percent NaCl equiv, whereas base metal-rich deposits have salinities that are as high as 23 wt percent NaCl equiv. Salinities are typically high in fluids included in sphalerite, suggesting a genetic relationship between base metal mineralization and saline fluids. Silver/gold and Ag+Au/Pb+Zn+Cu ratios correlate with fluid inclusion salinity, a relationship that underscores the importance of chloride complexing in base metal transport and polymetallic mineralization. Fluid inclusion gas chemistry of 21 low-sulfidation epithermal deposits plotted on N (sub 2) -Ar-He and N (sub 2) -Ar-CH (sub 4) diagrams indicate that meteoric, mantle or evolved crustal, and magmatic fluids were present in the ore-forming hydrothermal systems, although in different proportions in individual deposits. The N (sub 2) /Ar ratios of sulfide mineral fluid inclusions are all higher than that of air-saturated water, indicating a magmatic source, whereas a significant proportion of inclusions in barren gangue minerals have N (sub 2) /Ar ratios near that of air-saturated water. Plots of N (sub 2) /Ar vs. H (sub 2) S/Ar show a correlation between N (sub 2) and H (sub 2) S concentrations. The data suggest that low-sulfidation epithermal deposits in Mexico comprise both meteoric waters and magmatic waters, with a significant contribution of H (sub 2) S of magmatic origin. New oxygen and hydrogen isotope data are presented for seven deposits. Fluids responsible for precious metal and base metal deposition contain consistently heavy oxygen isotope signatures and shifts as high as +10 to +20 per mil from the meteoric water line, regardless of host rock type. Boiling and/or water-rock interaction processes alone cannot explain adequately the consistently heavy oxygen isotope signatures of Mexican low-sulfidation deposits. Rather, these results are best accounted for by a significant contribution of magmatic waters to the deep fluid, subsequently modified by water-rock interaction, boiling, and mixing with meteoric water. A classification of low-sulfidation deposits of Mexico is presented based on depth of formation and whether or not boiling is thought to have occurred in the system. Three end-member types are recognized: shallow with boiling, deep with boiling, and deep without boiling. In shallow-formed deposits boiling fluids rise to depths of 1,000 m below the paleo-water table. JF - Special Publication (Society of Economic Geologists (U. S.)) AU - Albinson, Tawn AU - Norman, David I AU - Cole, David AU - Chomiak, Beverly A2 - Albinson, Tawn A2 - Nelson, Carl E. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 1 EP - 32 PB - Society of Economic Geologists, Littleton, CO VL - 8 SN - 1547-3112, 1547-3112 KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - epithermal processes KW - lead ores KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - zinc ores KW - ore-forming fluids KW - O-18/O-16 KW - stable isotopes KW - silver ores KW - Mexico KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - inclusions KW - metal ores KW - gold ores KW - copper ores KW - fluid inclusions KW - sulfides KW - lead-zinc deposits KW - geochemistry KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50899568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+%28Society+of+Economic+Geologists+%28U.+S.%29%29&rft.atitle=Controls+on+formation+of+low-sulfidation+epithermal+deposits+in+Mexico%3B+constraints+from+fluid+inclusion+and+stable+isotope+data&rft.au=Albinson%2C+Tawn%3BNorman%2C+David+I%3BCole%2C+David%3BChomiak%2C+Beverly&rft.aulast=Albinson&rft.aufirst=Tawn&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=1887483934&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+%28Society+of+Economic+Geologists+%28U.+S.%29%29&rft.issn=15473112&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 122 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Include appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - copper ores; D/H; epithermal processes; fluid inclusions; geochemistry; gold ores; hydrogen; inclusions; isotope ratios; isotopes; lead ores; lead-zinc deposits; metal ores; Mexico; mineral deposits, genesis; O-18/O-16; ore-forming fluids; oxygen; silver ores; stable isotopes; sulfides; zinc ores ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of new geophysical tools for investigation of a landfill, Camp Roberts, California AN - 50876666; 2006-003891 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Doll, W E AU - Gamey, T J AU - Nyquist, J E AU - Mandell, W AU - Groom, D AU - Rohdewald, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - LWS EP - 4 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2001 KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - Camp Roberts KW - landfills KW - San Luis Obispo County California KW - geophysical methods KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - surficial geology KW - resistivity KW - seismic methods KW - ground water KW - California KW - water table KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - waste disposal KW - military facilities KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50876666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+new+geophysical+tools+for+investigation+of+a+landfill%2C+Camp+Roberts%2C+California&rft.au=Doll%2C+W+E%3BGamey%2C+T+J%3BNyquist%2C+J+E%3BMandell%2C+W%3BGroom%2C+D%3BRohdewald%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Doll&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems, SAGEEP 2001 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; Camp Roberts; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; ground water; landfills; military facilities; pollution; resistivity; San Luis Obispo County California; seismic methods; surficial geology; surveys; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metal sources in San Cristobal mining district, southwest Bolivia; a lead isotope study AN - 50864748; 2007-115500 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Kamenov, G D AU - Macfarlane, A W AU - Riciputi, L R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstract no. 3276 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX VL - 1088 SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - Andes KW - isotopes KW - Pb-206/Pb-204 KW - isotope ratios KW - mantle KW - lead KW - stable isotopes KW - silver ores KW - Bolivia KW - South America KW - radioactive isotopes KW - metals KW - metal ores KW - San Cristobal mining district KW - Pb-207/Pb-204 KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50864748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Metal+sources+in+San+Cristobal+mining+district%2C+southwest+Bolivia%3B+a+lead+isotope+study&rft.au=Kamenov%2C+G+D%3BMacfarlane%2C+A+W%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kamenov&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=1088&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Andes; Bolivia; isotope ratios; isotopes; lead; mantle; metal ores; metals; mineral deposits, genesis; Pb-206/Pb-204; Pb-207/Pb-204; radioactive isotopes; San Cristobal mining district; silver ores; South America; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogeochemistry of sulfur isotopes AN - 50494203; 2003-041212 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Canfield, D E A2 - Valley, John W. A2 - Cole, David R. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 607 EP - 636 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 43 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - isotope fractionation KW - sulfates KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - biochemistry KW - oxidation KW - stable isotopes KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - sedimentary rocks KW - S-34/S-32 KW - sulfur KW - reduction KW - microorganisms KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50494203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Biogeochemistry+of+sulfur+isotopes&rft.au=Canfield%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Canfield&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=607&rft.isbn=0939950553&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 80 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; biogenic processes; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; microorganisms; organic compounds; oxidation; reduction; S-34/S-32; sedimentary rocks; stable isotopes; sulfates; sulfur ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Australian red dune sand; a potential Martian regolith analog AN - 50278122; 2006-052933 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Kuhlman, K R AU - Marshall, J AU - Evans, N D AU - Luttge, A AU - Howard, Alan D AU - Moore, Jeffrey AU - Rice, James Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 39 EP - 40 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - eolian features KW - sand KW - dunes KW - Australasia KW - clastic sediments KW - optical spectra KW - Mars KW - TEM data KW - interferometry KW - deserts KW - energy dispersive X-ray spectra KW - terrestrial planets KW - planets KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - microscope methods KW - natural analogs KW - sediments KW - terrestrial comparison KW - Australia KW - spectra KW - SEM data KW - regolith KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50278122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Australian+red+dune+sand%3B+a+potential+Martian+regolith+analog&rft.au=Kuhlman%2C+K+R%3BMarshall%2C+J%3BEvans%2C+N+D%3BLuttge%2C+A%3BHoward%2C+Alan+D%3BMoore%2C+Jeffrey%3BRice%2C+James&rft.aulast=Kuhlman&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Martian Highlands and Mojave Desert analogs N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy data; Australasia; Australia; clastic sediments; deserts; dunes; energy dispersive X-ray spectra; eolian features; interferometry; Mars; microscope methods; natural analogs; optical spectra; planets; regolith; sand; sediments; SEM data; spectra; TEM data; terrestrial comparison; terrestrial planets ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organomineral interactions affecting sequestration of soil organic carbon AN - 50266922; 2007-115440 JF - LPI Contribution AU - McCarthy, J F AU - Palmer, J A AU - Butler, P D AU - Wignall, G D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstract no. 3853 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX VL - 1088 SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - neutron methods KW - humic acids KW - porosity KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humus KW - humic substances KW - metals KW - carbon KW - organic carbon KW - pH KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50266922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Organomineral+interactions+affecting+sequestration+of+soil+organic+carbon&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+J+F%3BPalmer%2C+J+A%3BButler%2C+P+D%3BWignall%2C+G+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=1088&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; experimental studies; humic acids; humic substances; humus; laboratory studies; metals; neutron methods; organic acids; organic carbon; organic compounds; pH; porosity; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated Worker Risk Evaluation System AN - 20855482; 8802894 AB - This paper presents the concept for an integrated web-based system in support of the assessment and information needs associated with worker safety. We believe that there is a need for improvement in DOEs approach to worker risk and that the proposed integrated worker risk system is a sound foundation for continued growth in this area. The theme is that DOE has not been negligent in the area of worker safety, but that the Department is so focused on dealing with the day-to-day concerns that there has been little opportunity to consider issues on a broader scale. Several key needs in the worker safety area are identified: 1) There is a need for accurate predictive models to ensure the selection of the safest cleanup technologies. In addition, there is a need to integrate predictive worker risk models into the decision process to enable the transfer of risk from regulatory endpoints to workers to be addressed. 2) The Integrated Safety Management System would benefit from a common support infrastructure and tools to enable worker safety integration to become a reality. 3) There are many worker safety databases paid for by the DOE; however, accessing this data for predictive modeling or broader application is difficult. There is no single clearinghouse from which to obtain this information and it is often only available for internal use. The objectives of a worker risk system are to provide an online repository for resources and applications, as well as the comprehension to identify and address critical data gaps in methods and science needed to improve the assessment process. Specifically, it will provide databases, tools and models enabling the consistent analysis of worker risks associated with exposures and accidents as a result of the implementation of remediation, waste management, or surveillance and maintenance activities. The online capability to assess risks to workers involved in ongoing operations will enable the information to be easily accessed and provide a platform for the comparison of worker, public and environmental risks. This system would support the DOE mandate to work safely and ensure that risk information is readily available in support of the Integrated Safety Management Process. The importance and timeliness of this effort is emphasized by the fact that many EM facilities are rapidly heading into the clean-up phase when worker risks are drastically increased. There is no better time for such an invaluable tool. JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research International AU - McGinn, W AU - Moyer, J AU - Bloom, L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, mcginncw@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 45 EP - 51 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 0944-1344, 0944-1344 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Bioremediation KW - Occupational safety KW - Maintenance KW - Waste management KW - Accidents KW - foundations KW - infrastructure KW - Technology KW - ENA 10:Noise Pollution KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20855482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Research+International&rft.atitle=Integrated+Worker+Risk+Evaluation+System&rft.au=McGinn%2C+W%3BMoyer%2C+J%3BBloom%2C+L&rft.aulast=McGinn&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Research+International&rft.issn=09441344&rft_id=info:doi/10.1065%2Fespr2001.11.099.3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - foundations; Accidents; Bioremediation; Occupational safety; infrastructure; Maintenance; Waste management; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2001.11.099.3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomarker/bioindicator response profiles of organisms can help differentiate between sources of anthropogenic stressors in aquatic ecosystems AN - 19416607; 6069936 AB - Aquatic ecosystems can be chronically stressed by multiple environmental factors which originate from a variety of point and non-point sources. In addition, these stressors may vary both spatially and temporally, and, combined with synergestic and cumulative interactions of these stressors, complicate the interpretation and evaluation of stress responses in organisms. To help identify and differentiate between sources of anthropogenic stressors in aquatic systems, a diagnostic approach based on exposure-response profiles in sentinel organisms was developed from the known effects of various anthropogenic activities on biological systems. To generate these exposure-effects profiles, biomarkers of exposure were plotted against bioindicators of corresponding effects for several major anthropogenic activities including petrochemical, pulp and paper, domestic sewage, mining operations, land-development, and agricultural activities. Biomarkers of exposure to environmental stressors varied widely depending on the type of anthropogenic activity involved. Bioindicator effects, however, including histopathological lesions, bioenergetic status, growth, reproductive impairment, and community-level endpoints were similar among several of the major anthropogenic activities because responses at these higher levels are less specific to stressors than are biomarkers. This approach appears useful for helping to identify and diagnose sources of stress in environments impacted by multiple stressors. By identifying the types and sources of environmental stressors impacting key components of biological systems, aquatic ecosystems can be more effectively protected, regulated, and managed to help improve and maintain environmental quality and ecosystem fitness. JF - Biomarkers AU - Adams, S M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - January 2001 SP - 33 EP - 44 PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd., 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk] VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1354-750X, 1354-750X KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - BIOMARKERS KW - BIOINDICATORS KW - MULTIPLE KW - STRESSORS KW - DIAGNOSTIC KW - APPROACH KW - Fitness KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Ecosystems KW - Bioenergetics KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Pulp KW - Pollution effects KW - Biomarkers KW - Ecological Effects KW - Environmental factors KW - Evaluation KW - Exposure KW - Pulp and Paper Industry KW - Bioindicators KW - Synergists KW - Stress KW - Nonpoint pollution KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - biomarkers KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Land use KW - Petrochemical industry KW - Water pollution KW - Environmental protection KW - Paper industry KW - Sewage KW - Profiles KW - Environmental quality KW - Mine Wastes KW - Mining KW - Indicator species KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19416607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomarkers&rft.atitle=Biomarker%2Fbioindicator+response+profiles+of+organisms+can+help+differentiate+between+sources+of+anthropogenic+stressors+in+aquatic+ecosystems&rft.au=Adams%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomarkers&rft.issn=1354750X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sewage; Anthropogenic factors; Pollution effects; Mining; Biomarkers; Environmental protection; Water pollution; Indicator species; Fitness; Synergists; Ecosystems; Bioenergetics; Stress; Pulp; Aquatic ecosystems; biomarkers; Environmental factors; Environmental quality; Bioindicators; Aquatic organisms; Nonpoint pollution; Petrochemical industry; Land use; Ecosystem disturbance; Paper industry; Evaluation; Profiles; Exposure; Pulp and Paper Industry; Mine Wastes; Ecological Effects ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Turbulent attraction flows for guiding juvenile salmonids at dams AN - 18939916; 5715129 AB - Induction of mild turbulence and increased water velocity in slowly moving water in dam forebays is proposed as a way to attract and guide downstream-migrating juvenile salmonids to dam bypasses. Attraction flows have been used successfully for decades at the downstream ends of fish ladders to attract adult salmonids to fish ladder entrances. Similar hydraulic concepts for simulating a turbulent stream have generally not been implemented to divert juvenile migrants into dam bypasses and away from damaging turbine intakes. Turbulent flow appears to he a normal feature of water movement in natural rivers that guides and assists juvenile salmon migration. It is hypothesized that enhancement of turbulent flow in selected zones of quiescent dam forebays would spatially expand the opportunities for fish to discover entrances to fish bypasses (such as surface-flow bypasses). A "trail of turbulence" could lead fish to surface bypass entrances. Enhanced turbulence at bypass entrances and within bypass channels could also improve the effectiveness of juvenile salmonid guidance and retention in the bypasses. Turbulence could be enhanced by passive (using existing flow momentum or head directed by vanes) and active (pumped water jets or propellers) methods, which can be tailored to specific situations. Initial tests have confirmed the validity of the concept. JF - American Fisheries Society Symposium AU - Coutant, C C A2 - Coutant, CC (ed) Y1 - 2001///0, PY - 2001 DA - 0, 2001 SP - 21 EP - 77 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Ste. 110 Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA SN - 1888569247 KW - Salmonids KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - Turbulent Flow KW - Fish Ladders KW - Intakes KW - Fish Passages KW - turbulence KW - Fishery resources KW - Bypass Channels KW - Fish Management KW - Fishery management KW - Dams KW - Salmonidae KW - Salmon KW - Testing Procedures KW - Juveniles KW - Turbulent flow KW - Fishways KW - Resource conservation KW - Attracting techniques KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Turbines KW - Migrations KW - Fish Migration KW - Technology KW - Q1 08421:Migrations and rhythms KW - SW 6090:Fisheries engineering KW - Q1 08341:General KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18939916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Coutant%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Coutant&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=1888569247&rft.btitle=Turbulent+attraction+flows+for+guiding+juvenile+salmonids+at+dams&rft.title=Turbulent+attraction+flows+for+guiding+juvenile+salmonids+at+dams&rft.issn=08922284&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Integrated, multi-sensory, behavioral guidance systems for fish diversions AN - 18938375; 5715164 AB - Behavioral guidance includes, at least in principle, both repulsion and attraction. Although they are usually used separately, this paper encourages use of both to develop integrated guidance systems using a multi-sensory approach to fish diversion. Research in the 1940s and 1950s with adult salmon and prototype fish ladders emphasized attraction of fish to turbulent currents. As a result, attraction flows to entice fish to fish ladder entrances are now a usual feature of adult dam bypasses. In contrast, techniques for fish repulsion have dominated research on guidance of fish away from risks of water intakes in the hydropower and steam electric utility industries and agriculture (irrigation). The objective has been to find devices that would guide fish away from the hazards of entrainment and impingement. Thus, strobe lights, sound, bubble curtains, electric fields, and the like have been evaluated as ways to repel fish from intakes. None of these technologies has become an industry standard and all are usually considered experimental. I encourage consideration of both repulsion and attraction together to both guide fish away from a hazard and attract them toward am alternative safe location. In addition, more than one technology for either (or both) may be usefully combined. Fish bypasses at dams, for example, could use strobe lights or ultrasound to divert (repel) fish from a trajectory aimed at turbine entrances and concurrently use attraction flows to entice them toward surface bypass entrances, Behavioral and structural technologies can be integrated as hybrid systems. Innovative combinations tailored to a site and specific behaviors of the fish to be guided are likely to show better overall results than one technique alone. JF - American Fisheries Society Symposium AU - Coutant, C C A2 - Coutant, CC (ed) Y1 - 2001///0, PY - 2001 DA - 0, 2001 SP - 9 EP - 113 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Ste. 110 Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA SN - 1888569247 KW - Behavioral guidance systems KW - Fish ladders KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Irrigation water KW - Entrainment KW - Fish Ladders KW - Intakes KW - Behaviour KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Freshwater KW - Fishery resources KW - Hazards KW - Fish Management KW - Fishery management KW - Dams KW - Fisheries KW - Repellents KW - Salmonidae KW - Salmon KW - Impingement KW - Turbulent flow KW - Fishways KW - Resource conservation KW - Attracting techniques KW - Turbines KW - Migrations KW - Repulsion KW - Hydroelectric power plants KW - Diversion KW - Fish Behavior KW - Q1 08421:Migrations and rhythms KW - SW 6090:Fisheries engineering KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18938375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Coutant%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Coutant&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=1888569247&rft.btitle=Integrated%2C+multi-sensory%2C+behavioral+guidance+systems+for+fish+diversions&rft.title=Integrated%2C+multi-sensory%2C+behavioral+guidance+systems+for+fish+diversions&rft.issn=08922284&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A theoretical study of river fragmentation by dams and its effects on white sturgeon populations. AN - 18478748; 5448815 AB - Most of the world's large rivers are fragmented by dams. Fragmentation of the river ecosystem alters migration patterns among fish populations and converts free-flowing river to reservoir habitat. In this study, we used an individual-based genetic metapopulation model to study the effects of fragmentation on the population viability and genetic diversity of a large-river fish, the white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus. In the first of two simulation experiments, we fragmented a 200 km river reach by building 1 to 20 virtual dams. Increased fragmentation produced an exponential decline in the likelihood of persistence, but no extinction threshold to suggest a minimum viable length of river. Compounding isolation with the loss of free-flowing habitat did not further reduce viability until free-flowing habitat was nearly eliminated, at which point extinction was certain. Genetic diversity within (among) populations decreased (increased) as we 'built' the first several dams. Adding more dams caused the number of persisting populations to decline and eroded genetic diversity within and among populations. Our second simulation experiment evaluated the effects of different levels of upstream and downstream migration between river segments. The results of these migration experiments highlighted the importance of balanced migration rates. We found that extinction risk was high for populations linked by high downstream, and low upstream, migration rates, as is often the case in impounded rivers. Our results support the view that migration patterns will play a significant role in determining the viability of riverine fishes, such as the white sturgeon, in river ecosystems fragmented by dams. JF - Environmental Biology of Fishes AU - Jager, H I AU - Chandler, JA AU - Lepla, K B AU - Van Winkle, W AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oakridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036 USA, jaegerhi@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 347 EP - 361 VL - 60 IS - 4 SN - 0378-1909, 0378-1909 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Freshwater KW - Q1 01464:Other aquatic communities KW - Q5 01521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18478748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.atitle=A+theoretical+study+of+river+fragmentation+by+dams+and+its+effects+on+white+sturgeon+populations.&rft.au=Jager%2C+H+I%3BChandler%2C+JA%3BLepla%2C+K+B%3BVan+Winkle%2C+W&rft.aulast=Jager&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.issn=03781909&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of E. coli using a microfluidics-based antibody biochip detection system AN - 18298870; 5349456 AB - This work demonstrates the detection of E. coli using a 2-dimensional photosensor array biochip which is efficiently equipped with a microfluidics sample/reagent delivery system for on-chip monitoring of bioassays. The biochip features a 4 x 4 array of independently operating photodiodes that are integrated along with amplifiers, discriminators and logic circuitry on a single platform. The microfluidics system includes a single 0.4 mL reaction chamber which houses a sampling platform that selectively captures detection probes from a sample through the use of immobilized bioreceptors. The independently operating photodiodes allow simultaneous monitoring of multiple samples. In this study the sampling platform is a cellulosic membrane that is exposed to E. coli organisms and subsequently analyzed using a sandwich immunoassay involving a Cy5-labeled antibody probe. The combined effectiveness of the integrated circuit (IC) biochip and the immunoassay is evaluated for assays performed both by conventional laboratory means followed by detection with the IC biochip, and through the use of the microfluidics system for on-chip detection. Highlights of the studies show that the biochip has a linear dynamic range of three orders of magnitude observed for conventional assays, and can detect 20 E. coli organisms. Selective detection of E. coli in a complex medium, milk diluent, is also reported for both off-chip and on-chip assays. JF - Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry AU - Stokes, D L AU - Griffin, G D AU - Vo-Dinh, T AD - Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Life sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA, vodinht@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 295 EP - 301 VL - 369 IS - 3-4 SN - 0937-0633, 0937-0633 KW - biochips KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Antibodies KW - Bioassays KW - Detection KW - Escherichia coli KW - A 01116:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18298870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fresenius%27+Journal+of+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Detection+of+E.+coli+using+a+microfluidics-based+antibody+biochip+detection+system&rft.au=Stokes%2C+D+L%3BGriffin%2C+G+D%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T&rft.aulast=Stokes&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=369&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fresenius%27+Journal+of+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=09370633&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Bioassays; Detection; Antibodies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozonation of Soluble Organics in Aqueous Solutions Using Microbubbles AN - 17878470; 5121052 AB - This work investigates ozonation of a mixture of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) dissolved in aqueous solutions having salt concentrations ranging from 0 to 2 M. The effect of microbubbles on the ozonation rate is examined. Microbubbles are formed either by an electrostatic spraying method or by a small-pore bubble diffuser. Although electrostatic spraying is effective for BTEX removal in low-conductivity solutions, results indicate it is not suitable for microbubble formation in high-ionic-strength solutions due to high electric current. In contrast, the bubble-diffuser method proved to be very effective in producing small bubbles in high-ionic-strength solutions. The production of small bubbles makes it possible to mitigate the mass transfer limitation, which has been shown to be the primary restriction in ozonation systems. When a bubble diffuser is employed, the removal rate of BTEX from simulated seawater is approximately twice that obtained with a simple capillary tube. JF - Ozone: Science & Engineering AU - Walker, AB AU - Tsouris, C AU - DePaoli, D W AU - Klasson, K T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6224, USA, tsourisc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 77 EP - 87 VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0191-9512, 0191-9512 KW - BTEX KW - benzene KW - ethyl benzene KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Toluene KW - Seawater KW - Xylenes KW - Mechanical Equipment KW - Benzene KW - Aqueous --- (see also Aquatic ---, Water ---) KW - Salinity KW - Xylene KW - Water treatment KW - Water Treatment KW - Toluene (see also Methylbenzenes) KW - Bubbles KW - Ozonation KW - Conductance KW - Mass Transfer KW - Sea water (see also Marine ----- ) KW - Saline Water KW - Salts KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Organic Compounds KW - Electrochemistry KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17878470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ozone%3A+Science+%26+Engineering&rft.atitle=Ozonation+of+Soluble+Organics+in+Aqueous+Solutions+Using+Microbubbles&rft.au=Walker%2C+AB%3BTsouris%2C+C%3BDePaoli%2C+D+W%3BKlasson%2C+K+T&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ozone%3A+Science+%26+Engineering&rft.issn=01919512&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salinity; Water treatment; Xylene; Seawater; Toluene; Electrochemistry; Ozonation; Aqueous --- (see also Aquatic ---, Water ---); Salts; Conductance; Xylenes; Sea water (see also Marine ----- ); Toluene (see also Methylbenzenes); Bubbles; Benzene; Performance Evaluation; Mass Transfer; Water Treatment; Mechanical Equipment; Organic Compounds; Saline Water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport patterns and potential sources of total gaseous mercury measured in Canadian high Arctic in 1995 AN - 17852128; 4874279 AB - Trajectory cluster analysis and the potential source contribution function (PSCF) model have been used to investigate the source-receptor relationship for the total gaseous mercury (TGM) measured in the Canadian High Arctic (Alert, 82.5 degree N, 62.3 degree W) during 1995. Cluster analysis of 10-day back-trajectories in 1995 shows that the synoptic flows arriving at Alert are dominated by the air masses from the north. Long-range transport only occurs in the cold seasons while summertime flows tend to circulate in the Arctic Ocean. The potential source regions identified by the PSCF modeling include Eurasia and populated areas in the North America and Europe. Based on the modeling results, it is suggested that the elevated TGM concentrations found in the Arctic summer should be of geological origins, mainly from the evasion of volatile Hg super(0) from earth's surfaces. In the autumn and winter, mercury is transported to the receptor site from remote anthropogenic sources. The preferred sources of TGM in the spring cannot be clearly determined due to the Arctic springtime mercury depletion, which significantly reduces the number of trajectories contributing to PSCF values. Using TGM data of higher temporal resolution improves the sensitivity of the PSCF modeling results. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Lin, Che-Jen AU - Cheng, Meng-Dawn AU - Schroeder, W H AD - Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, chengmd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 1141 EP - 1154 VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Arctic KW - Canada KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Gases KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Mercury KW - Seasonal variations KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17852128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Transport+patterns+and+potential+sources+of+total+gaseous+mercury+measured+in+Canadian+high+Arctic+in+1995&rft.au=Lin%2C+Che-Jen%3BCheng%2C+Meng-Dawn%3BSchroeder%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Che-Jen&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mercury; Seasonal variations; Gases; Pollution dispersion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of biomarkers in ecological risk assessment: Recommendations from the Christchurch conference on Biomarkers in Ecotoxicology AN - 17701113; 6069928 JF - Biomarkers AU - Adams, S M AU - Giesy, J P AU - Tremblay, LA AU - Eason, C T AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 USA Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - Jan 2001 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd., 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk] VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1354-750X, 1354-750X KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Conferences KW - Recommendations KW - biomarkers KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17701113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomarkers&rft.atitle=The+use+of+biomarkers+in+ecological+risk+assessment%3A+Recommendations+from+the+Christchurch+conference+on+Biomarkers+in+Ecotoxicology&rft.au=Adams%2C+S+M%3BGiesy%2C+J+P%3BTremblay%2C+LA%3BEason%2C+C+T&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomarkers&rft.issn=1354750X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Recommendations; biomarkers; Conferences; Risk assessment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrochemical remediation of trichloroethene-contaminated groundwater using palladized iron oxides AN - 16138661; 5289537 AB - The objective of this study is to develop electrochemically-enhanced dechlorination of trichloroethene (TCE) using palladized iron oxides minerals for ex situ remediation of contaminated groundwaters. A bench-scale column packed with the palladized iron oxide media connected to a cathode and an anode embedded in a carbon pad was prepared for flow through column tests. Contaminated groundwaters with about 14-16 mg/L TCE were passed from the cathode side to the anode side of the column while the system was supplied with direct current. All of the TCE in the groundwater was dechlorinated even after 300 pore volumes were passed. Furthermore, intermediate reaction products, dichloroethene isomers and vinyl chloride, were not detected in the treated water. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering AU - Roh, Y AU - Cho, Kyu-Seong AU - Lee, Sukyoung AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, rohy@ornl.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 923 EP - 933 VL - A36 IS - 6 SN - 1093-4529, 1093-4529 KW - TCE KW - iron oxides KW - trichloroethene KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Experimental Data KW - Dechlorination KW - Iron oxides KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Iron Oxides KW - Decontamination KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Freshwater KW - Chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Restoration KW - Water pollution control KW - Water pollution treatment KW - Remediation KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Electrochemistry KW - Minerals KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16138661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Toxic%2FHazardous+Substances+%26+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Electrochemical+remediation+of+trichloroethene-contaminated+groundwater+using+palladized+iron+oxides&rft.au=Roh%2C+Y%3BCho%2C+Kyu-Seong%3BLee%2C+Sukyoung&rft.aulast=Roh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=A36&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=923&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Toxic%2FHazardous+Substances+%26+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=10934529&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dechlorination; Iron oxides; Water pollution treatment; Groundwater pollution; Electrochemistry; Chlorinated hydrocarbons; Restoration; Water pollution control; Remediation; Decontamination; Minerals; Experimental Data; Water Pollution Treatment; Iron Oxides; Groundwater Pollution; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical and thermodynamic properties of gas clathrate hydrates determined by in situ neutron scattering AN - 1015460757; 2012-048279 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Chakoumakos, B C AU - Rawn, C J AU - Jones, C Y AU - Marshall, S L AU - Stern, L A AU - Kirby, S H AU - Ishii, Yoshinobu AU - Toby, B H AU - Dender, D C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstr. 3423 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - methane KW - neutron methods KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - alkanes KW - Rietveld refinement KW - clathrates KW - order-disorder KW - gases KW - crystals KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - thermodynamic properties KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1015460757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Physical+and+thermodynamic+properties+of+gas+clathrate+hydrates+determined+by+in+situ+neutron+scattering&rft.au=Chakoumakos%2C+B+C%3BRawn%2C+C+J%3BJones%2C+C+Y%3BMarshall%2C+S+L%3BStern%2C+L+A%3BKirby%2C+S+H%3BIshii%2C+Yoshinobu%3BToby%2C+B+H%3BDender%2C+D+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chakoumakos&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3423.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 24, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; clathrates; crystals; gases; hydrocarbons; methane; neutron methods; order-disorder; organic compounds; physical properties; Rietveld refinement; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogeochemical reactions governing the fate and transport of (super 60) CoEDTA AN - 1015460483; 2012-048309 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Brooks, S C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstr. 3352 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - solute transport KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - Co-60 KW - cobalt KW - isotopes KW - government agencies KW - radioactive waste KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - biogenic processes KW - radioactive isotopes KW - military geology KW - transport KW - metals KW - EDTA KW - bacteria KW - carboxylic acids KW - nuclear facilities KW - reduction KW - waste disposal KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1015460483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Biogeochemical+reactions+governing+the+fate+and+transport+of+%28super+60%29+CoEDTA&rft.au=Brooks%2C+S+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3352.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 25, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; carboxylic acids; Co-60; cobalt; EDTA; government agencies; isotopes; metals; military geology; nuclear facilities; organic acids; organic compounds; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; reduction; solute transport; transport; U. S. Department of Energy; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining hydrogeochemical parameters for the fate and transport of CdEDTA and CoEDTA in fractured saprolite using HBGC123D AN - 1015460235; 2012-048301 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Gwo, J P AU - Frenzel, Hartmut AU - Mayes, Melanie A AU - Sieve, Bradley J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstr. 3020 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - solute transport KW - fractured materials KW - experimental studies KW - cobalt KW - data processing KW - manganese KW - hydrochemistry KW - computer programs KW - saprolite KW - transport KW - metals KW - digital simulation KW - geochemistry KW - heavy metals KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1015460235?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Determining+hydrogeochemical+parameters+for+the+fate+and+transport+of+CdEDTA+and+CoEDTA+in+fractured+saprolite+using+HBGC123D&rft.au=Gwo%2C+J+P%3BFrenzel%2C+Hartmut%3BMayes%2C+Melanie+A%3BSieve%2C+Bradley+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gwo&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3020.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 24, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cobalt; computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; experimental studies; fractured materials; geochemistry; heavy metals; hydrochemistry; manganese; metals; saprolite; solute transport; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport of chelated radionuclides through weathered shale saprolite; observations from lab and field experimentation AN - 1015460215; 2012-048299 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Jardine, P M AU - Mayes, M A AU - Mehlhorn, T L AU - Brooks, S C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstr. 3359 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - solute transport KW - experimental studies KW - isotopes KW - shale KW - adsorption KW - iron KW - saprolite KW - laboratory studies KW - ferric iron KW - acetic acid KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - sedimentary rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - metals KW - weathered materials KW - carboxylic acids KW - chelation KW - clastic rocks KW - pH KW - field studies KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1015460215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+of+chelated+radionuclides+through+weathered+shale+saprolite%3B+observations+from+lab+and+field+experimentation&rft.au=Jardine%2C+P+M%3BMayes%2C+M+A%3BMehlhorn%2C+T+L%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3359.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 24, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetic acid; adsorption; carboxylic acids; chelation; clastic rocks; experimental studies; ferric iron; field studies; iron; isotopes; laboratory studies; metals; organic acids; organic compounds; pH; radioactive isotopes; saprolite; sedimentary rocks; shale; solute transport; transport; weathered materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field-scale transport of transuranic radionuclides through saprolite; mechanisms and rates AN - 1015460204; 2012-048298 JF - LPI Contribution AU - McCarthy, J F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstr. 3171 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - saprolite KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - metals KW - Tennessee KW - rare earths KW - europium KW - neodymium KW - actinides KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1015460204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Field-scale+transport+of+transuranic+radionuclides+through+saprolite%3B+mechanisms+and+rates&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+J+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3171.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 24, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; europium; field studies; ground water; isotopes; metals; neodymium; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; rare earths; saprolite; solute transport; Tennessee; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water in the Shergotty magma, and implications for outgassing and magma fractionation on Mars AN - 1015459664; 2012-048266 JF - LPI Contribution AU - McSween, H Y, Jr AU - Grove, T L AU - Lentz, R C F AU - Dann, J C AU - Riciputi, L R AU - Ryan, J G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstr. 3012 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - Shergotty Meteorite KW - volcanic rocks KW - stony meteorites KW - Martian meteorites KW - igneous rocks KW - thermal ionization mass spectra KW - mass spectra KW - Mars KW - SNC Meteorites KW - meteorites KW - basalts KW - spectra KW - degassing KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - mass spectroscopy KW - achondrites KW - terrestrial planets KW - ion probe KW - planets KW - shergottite KW - magmas KW - eruptions KW - crystallization KW - spectroscopy KW - chemical fractionation KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1015459664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Water+in+the+Shergotty+magma%2C+and+implications+for+outgassing+and+magma+fractionation+on+Mars&rft.au=McSween%2C+H+Y%2C+Jr%3BGrove%2C+T+L%3BLentz%2C+R+C+F%3BDann%2C+J+C%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R%3BRyan%2C+J+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McSween&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3012.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 21, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; basalts; chemical fractionation; crystallization; degassing; eruptions; experimental studies; igneous rocks; ion probe; magmas; Mars; Martian meteorites; mass spectra; mass spectroscopy; meteorites; planets; shergottite; Shergotty Meteorite; SNC Meteorites; spectra; spectroscopy; stony meteorites; terrestrial planets; thermal ionization mass spectra; volcanic rocks; water ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Subcoherence length characterization of the structure and chemistry of interfaces in high-temperature superconductors AN - 42012653; 3092450 AU - Browning, N D AU - Chisholm, M F AU - Pennycook, S J AU - Norton, D P AU - Lowndes, D H Y1 - 2000/12/31/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Dec 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 6000:MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42012653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Subcoherence+length+characterization+of+the+structure+and+chemistry+of+interfaces+in+high-temperature+superconductors&rft.au=Browning%2C+N+D%3BChisholm%2C+M+F%3BPennycook%2C+S+J%3BNorton%2C+D+P%3BLowndes%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=Browning&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2000-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Materials Research Society, 9800 McKnight Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15237. phone: (412) 367-3012. fax: (412) 367-4373, Abstracts available.. Poster Paper No. S9.10 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Neutron scattering studies of dilute supercritical solutions AN - 41941399; 3060376 AU - Cochran, H D AU - Wignall, G D AU - Shah, V M AU - Londono, J D AU - Bienkowski, PR Y1 - 2000/12/31/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Dec 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1500:BIOCHEMISTRY KW - U 2500:CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41941399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Neutron+scattering+studies+of+dilute+supercritical+solutions&rft.au=Cochran%2C+H+D%3BWignall%2C+G+D%3BShah%2C+V+M%3BLondono%2C+J+D%3BBienkowski%2C+PR&rft.aulast=Cochran&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2000-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: AIChE Publications Dept.345 E. 47th Street New York, NY 10017, Individual Papers Paper No. 173g N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Implications of a cell-by-cell algal growth model on phytoplankton community structure in a variable P environment AN - 40672182; 0724927 AU - Bartell, S M AU - O'Neill, R V AU - Gardner, R H AU - DeAngelis, D L Y1 - 2000/12/31/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Dec 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:GEOSCIENCE KW - U 2000:BIOLOGY GENERAL KW - U 2500:CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40672182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Implications+of+a+cell-by-cell+algal+growth+model+on+phytoplankton+community+structure+in+a+variable+P+environment&rft.au=Bartell%2C+S+M%3BO%27Neill%2C+R+V%3BGardner%2C+R+H%3BDeAngelis%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Bartell&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2000-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: 1984, Abstracts booklet available: Jaan Terasmae, Geology Department, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada L2S 3A1 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-rate effects and radiation protection. AN - 72474161; 11187022 JF - Radiation research AU - Fry, R J AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2000/12// PY - 2000 DA - December 2000 SP - 735 EP - 736 VL - 154 IS - 6 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Risk KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Time KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- epidemiology KW - Humans KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- prevention & control KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- genetics KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Male KW - Female KW - Radiation Injuries -- genetics KW - Radiation Injuries -- prevention & control KW - Radiation Injuries -- epidemiology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72474161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Dose-rate+effects+and+radiation+protection.&rft.au=Fry%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Fry&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-12-01&rft.volume=154&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=735&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-12-22 N1 - Date created - 2000-12-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of pH on sorption and transport of fluorobenzoic acid ground water tracers AN - 52270302; 2001-009747 JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - McCarthy, John F AU - Howard, Kevin M AU - McKay, Larry D Y1 - 2000/12// PY - 2000 DA - December 2000 SP - 1806 EP - 1813 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - fractured materials KW - sorption KW - acids KW - density KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - fluorobenzoic acid KW - preferential flow KW - hydrochemistry KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - saprolite KW - partition coefficients KW - sedimentary rocks KW - toxicity KW - transport KW - tracers KW - discharge KW - geochemistry KW - clastic rocks KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52270302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Effect+of+pH+on+sorption+and+transport+of+fluorobenzoic+acid+ground+water+tracers&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+John+F%3BHoward%2C+Kevin+M%3BMcKay%2C+Larry+D&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2000-12-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1806&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acids; clastic rocks; density; discharge; fluorobenzoic acid; fractured materials; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; partition coefficients; pH; pollutants; pollution; porosity; preferential flow; saprolite; sedimentary rocks; sorption; surface water; toxicity; tracers; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of corrosion products in the permeable reactive barriers AN - 51197390; 2001-012628 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Roh, Y AU - Lee, S Y AU - Elless, M P Y1 - 2000/12// PY - 2000 DA - December 2000 SP - 184 EP - 194 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 40 IS - 1-2 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - iron oxides KW - government agencies KW - trichloroethane KW - iron KW - ground water KW - water treatment KW - Tennessee KW - oxides KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - disposal barriers KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - corrosion KW - sulfates KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sulfur KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - carbonates KW - actinides KW - SEM data KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51197390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+corrosion+products+in+the+permeable+reactive+barriers&rft.au=Roh%2C+Y%3BLee%2C+S+Y%3BElless%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Roh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2000-12-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; bacteria; carbonates; chlorinated hydrocarbons; corrosion; disposal barriers; government agencies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; iron; iron oxides; metals; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; organic compounds; oxides; permeability; pollution; SEM data; sulfates; sulfur; Tennessee; trichloroethane; U. S. Department of Energy; United States; uranium; waste disposal; water pollution; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protein domain decomposition using a graph-theoretic approach AN - 17903676; 5143061 AB - Automatic decomposition of a multi-domain protein into individual domains represents a highly interesting and unsolved problem. As the number of protein structures in PDB is growing at an exponential rate, there is clearly a need for more reliable and efficient methods for protein domain decomposition simply to keep the domain databases up-to-date. We present a new algorithm for solving the domain decomposition problem, using a graph-theoretic approach. We have formulated the problem as a network flow problem, in which each residue of a protein is represented as a node of the network and each residue-residue contact is represented as an edge with a particular capacity, depending on the type of the contact. A two-domain decomposition problem is solved by finding a bottleneck (or a minimum cut) of the network, which minimizes the total cross-edge capacity, using the classical Ford-Fulkerson algorithm. A multi-domain decomposition problem is solved through repeatedly solving a series of two-domain problems. The algorithm has been implemented as a computer program, called DomainParser. We have tested the program on a commonly used test set consisting of 55 proteins. The decomposition results are 78.2% in agreement with the literature on both the number of decomposed domains and the assignments of residues to each domain, which compares favorably to existing programs. On the subset of two-domain proteins (20 in number), the program assigned 96.7% of the residues correctly when we require that the number of decomposed domains is two. The executable of DomainParser and its web server are available at http://compbio.ornl.gov/structure/domainparser/. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Xu, Y AU - Xu, D AU - Gabow, H N AD - Computational Biosciences Section, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6480, USA, xyn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/12// PY - 2000 DA - Dec 2000 SP - 1091 EP - 1104 VL - 16 IS - 12 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Protein structure KW - Computer programs KW - Mathematical models KW - Algorithms KW - Automation KW - Bioinformatics KW - Computer applications KW - Decomposition KW - W3 33080:Bioinformatics and computer applications KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17903676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Protein+domain+decomposition+using+a+graph-theoretic+approach&rft.au=Xu%2C+Y%3BXu%2C+D%3BGabow%2C+H+N&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2000-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1091&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Automation; Computer programs; Computer applications; Protein structure; Decomposition; Algorithms; Mathematical models; Bioinformatics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil Sustainability in Renewable Biomass Plantings AN - 17872974; 5114359 AB - Sustainable use of natural resources continues to gain attention, especially in relation to energy and global carbon cycles. Biomass crops may offset fossil fuels and reduce CO sub(2) contributions to greenhouse gases while improving soil and water quality. We review research on biomass crops, with emphasis on their specific characteristics and how their production can affect soil and water quality. Data from regions throughout the world are included, but the focus is primarily on recent research results from biomass crop production in the United States. Research to date shows promising short-term changes in soil and water quality, but responses vary. Short-term studies have demonstrated increases in surface soil organic-matter content, reduction in erosion and nutrient losses in surface runoff. We conclude that while the potential for benefits is present, data are not yet available to determine the long-term changes in soil quality associated with production of biomass crops. JF - Ambio AU - Mann, L AU - Tolbert, V AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, Imann@icx Y1 - 2000/12// PY - 2000 DA - Dec 2000 SP - 492 EP - 498 PB - [URL:http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract &issn=0044-7447&volume=29&page=492] VL - 29 IS - 8 SN - 0044-7447, 0044-7447 KW - USA KW - Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Sustainable yield KW - Organic matter KW - Carbon cycle KW - Sustainable development KW - Nutrients KW - Water quality KW - Biomass KW - Crop production KW - Soil KW - Greenhouse gases KW - D 04700:Management KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17872974?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ambio&rft.atitle=Soil+Sustainability+in+Renewable+Biomass+Plantings&rft.au=Mann%2C+L%3BTolbert%2C+V&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2000-12-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=492&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ambio&rft.issn=00447447&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0044-7447%282000%29029%280492%3ASSIRBP%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biomass; Nutrients; Carbon cycle; Sustainable development; Water quality; Greenhouse gases; Soil; Organic matter; Sustainable yield; Crop production DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0044-7447(2000)029(0492:SSIRBP)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing Watershed-Scale, Long-Term Hydrologic Impacts of Land-Use Change Using a GIS-NPS Model AN - 17728820; 4800228 AB - Land-use change, dominated by an increase in urban/impervious areas, has a significant impact on water resources. This includes impacts on nonpoint source (NPS) pollution, which is the leading cause of degraded water quality in the United States. Traditional hydrologic models focus on estimating peak discharges and NPS pollution from high-magnitude, episodic storms and successfully address short-term, local-scale surface water management issues. However, runoff from small, low-frequency storms dominates long-term hydrologic impacts, and existing hydrologic models are usually of limited use in assessing the long-term impacts of land-use change. A long-term hydrologic impact assessment (L-THIA) model has been developed using the curve number (CN) method. Long-term climatic records are used in combination with soils and land-use information to calculate average annual runoff and NPS pollution at a watershed scale. The model is linked to a geographic information system (GIS) for convenient generation and management of model input and output data, and advanced visualization of model results. The L-THIA/NPS GIS model was applied to the Little Eagle Creek (LEC) watershed near Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. Historical land-use scenarios for 1973, 1984, and 1991 were analyzed to track land-use change in the watershed and to assess impacts on annual average runoff and NPS pollution from the watershed and its five subbasins. For the entire watershed between 1973 and 1991, an 18% increase in urban or impervious areas resulted in an estimated 80% increase in annual average runoff volume and estimated increases of more than 50% in annual average loads for lead, copper, and zinc. Estimated nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) loads decreased by 15% mainly because of loss of agricultural areas. The L-THIA/NPS GIS model is a powerful tool for identifying environmentally sensitive areas in terms of NPS pollution potential and for evaluating alternative land use scenarios for NPS pollution management. JF - Environmental Management AU - Bhaduri, B AU - Harbor, J AU - Engel, B AU - Grove, M AD - GIS Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS 6237, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6237, USA Y1 - 2000/12// PY - 2000 DA - Dec 2000 SP - 643 EP - 658 PB - Springer-Verlag VL - 26 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - L-THIA/NPS GIS KW - USA, Indiana KW - USA, Indiana, Little Eagle Creek KW - mathematical models KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - USA, Indiana, Indianapolis KW - Management KW - Environmental impact KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Nonpoint pollution KW - Water quality KW - Water pollution KW - Land use KW - Stormwater runoff KW - Hydrology KW - Geographic information systems KW - River basin management KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17728820?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Assessing+Watershed-Scale%2C+Long-Term+Hydrologic+Impacts+of+Land-Use+Change+Using+a+GIS-NPS+Model&rft.au=Bhaduri%2C+B%3BHarbor%2C+J%3BEngel%2C+B%3BGrove%2C+M&rft.aulast=Bhaduri&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2000-12-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=643&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs002670010122 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Stormwater runoff; Environmental impact; Hydrology; Water quality; River basin management; Land use; Management; Geographic information systems; Water pollution; Nonpoint pollution; Watersheds; USA, Indiana, Indianapolis; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002670010122 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drought disturbance from climate change: response of United States forests AN - 18018875; 4850878 AB - Predicted changes in climate have raised concerns about potential impacts on terrestrial forest ecosystem productivity, biogeochemical cycling, and the availability of water resources. This review summarizes characteristics of drought typical to the major forest regions of the United States, future drought projections, and important features of plant and forest community response to drought. Research needs and strategies for coping with future drought are also discussed. Notwithstanding uncertainties surrounding the magnitude and direction of future climate change, and the net impact on soil water availability to forests, a number of conclusions can be made regarding the sensitivity of forests to future drought. The primary response will be a reduction in net primary production and stand water use, which are driven by reductions in stomatal conductance. Mortality of small stature plants (i.e. seedlings and saplings) is a likely consequence of severe drought. In comparison, deep rooting and substantial reserves of carbohydrates and nutrients make mature trees less susceptible to water limitations caused by severe or prolonged drought. However, severe or prolonged drought may render even mature trees more susceptible to insects or disease. Drought-induced reductions in decomposition rates may cause a buildup of organic material on the forest floor, with ramifications for fire regimes and nutrient cycling. Although early model predictions of climate change impacts suggested extensive forest dieback and species migration, more recent analyses suggest that catastrophic dieback will be a local phenomenon, and changes in forest composition will be a relatively gradual process. Better climate predictions at regional scales, with a higher temporal resolution (months to days), coupled with carefully designed, field-based experiments that incorporate multiple driving variables (e.g. temperature and CO sub(2)), will advance our ability to predict the response of different forest regions to climate change. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Hanson, P J AU - Weltzin, J F AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Building 1059, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA, hansonpj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/11/15/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Nov 15 SP - 205 EP - 220 VL - 262 IS - 3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - USA KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Drought effects KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Climatic changes KW - Environmental impact KW - Forests KW - Primary production KW - Climatic change influences on forests KW - Droughts KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - D 04125:Temperate forests KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18018875?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Drought+disturbance+from+climate+change%3A+response+of+United+States+forests&rft.au=Hanson%2C+P+J%3BWeltzin%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2000-11-15&rft.volume=262&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0048-9697%2800%2900523-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Climate Change, Forests, and Disturbances. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Forests; Climatic changes; Droughts; Biogeochemistry; Primary production; Environmental impact; Climatic change influences on forests; Drought effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00523-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The interplay between climate change, forests, and disturbances AN - 18017086; 4850877 AB - Climate change affects forests both directly and indirectly through disturbances. Disturbances are a natural and integral part of forest ecosystems, and climate change can alter these natural interactions. When disturbances exceed their natural range of variation, the change in forest structure and function may be extreme. Each disturbance affects forests differently. Some disturbances have tight interactions with the species and forest communities which can be disrupted by climate change. Impacts of disturbances and thus of climate change are seen over a board spectrum of spatial and temporal scales. Future observations, research, and tool development are needed to further understand the interactions between climate change and forest disturbances. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Dale, V H AU - Joyce, LA AU - McNulty, S AU - Neilson, R P AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, vhd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/11/15/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Nov 15 SP - 201 EP - 204 VL - 262 IS - 3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Climatic change influences forests KW - Forest ecosystems KW - Climatic changes KW - Environmental impact KW - Forests KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Disturbance KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - D 04120:Woodlands UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18017086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=The+interplay+between+climate+change%2C+forests%2C+and+disturbances&rft.au=Dale%2C+V+H%3BJoyce%2C+LA%3BMcNulty%2C+S%3BNeilson%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2000-11-15&rft.volume=262&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0048-9697%2800%2900522-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Climate Change, Forests, and Disturbances. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forests; Ecosystem disturbance; Climatic changes; Environmental impact; Disturbance; Climatic change influences forests; Forest ecosystems DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00522-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutation analyses of a series of TNT-related compounds using the CHO-hprt assay. AN - 72560850; 11180265 AB - Trinitrotoluene (TNT) and related compounds were tested for induction of mutation in the CHO-hprt mutation assay. The parent compound, TNT, was consistently found to be mutagenic at concentrations above 40 microg ml(-1), whether or not S9 activating enzymes were added. Five TNT metabolites gave statistically significant but small increases in mutation frequency over solvent controls: 4-amino-2,6 dinitrotoluene, 2,4',6,6'-tetranitro-2',4-azoxytoluene, 2,2',6,6'-tetranitro-4,4'-azoxytoluene, 2',4,6,6'-tetranitro-2,4'-azoxytoluene and triaminotoluene. Clear dose-response relationships could not be established for the mutagenic response of these compounds. They are considered as very weak mutagens in this mammalian test system. Five compounds did not produce statistically significant mutation frequencies at the levels tested: 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene, 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, 2,6-diamino-4-nitrotoluene and 4,4',6,6'-tetranitro-2,2'-azoxytoluene. The results indicate that none of the TNT metabolites tested pose a significant mutational health risk, at least as judged by the CHO-hprt assay. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Kennel, S J AU - Foote, L J AU - Morris, M AU - Vass, A A AU - Griest, W H AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA. PY - 2000 SP - 441 EP - 448 VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Trinitrotoluene KW - 118-96-7 KW - Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase KW - EC 2.4.2.8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - DNA Mutational Analysis KW - CHO Cells KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Cricetinae KW - Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase -- genetics KW - Trinitrotoluene -- toxicity KW - Trinitrotoluene -- metabolism KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase -- biosynthesis KW - Trinitrotoluene -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72560850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Mutation+analyses+of+a+series+of+TNT-related+compounds+using+the+CHO-hprt+assay.&rft.au=Kennel%2C+S+J%3BFoote%2C+L+J%3BMorris%2C+M%3BVass%2C+A+A%3BGriest%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Kennel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=441&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-04-12 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranium immobilization by microbial degradation of organic phosphorus AN - 51960195; 2003-056388 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Zhang, Chuanlun L AU - Ye, Qi AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Sobecky, Patricia AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 185 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - degradation KW - silica minerals KW - eastern Virginia KW - mechanism KW - bioavailability KW - iron KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - sediments KW - framework silicates KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - Virginia KW - Abbott Pit KW - pollution KW - phosphorus KW - phosphates KW - adsorption KW - inorganic materials KW - phosphate ion KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - quartz KW - uranium KW - transformations KW - actinides KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51960195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Uranium+immobilization+by+microbial+degradation+of+organic+phosphorus&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Chuanlun+L%3BYe%2C+Qi%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BSobecky%2C+Patricia%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Chuanlun&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Abbott Pit; actinides; adsorption; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bioavailability; biodegradation; degradation; eastern Virginia; experimental studies; framework silicates; ground water; inorganic materials; iron; mechanism; metals; organic compounds; phosphate ion; phosphates; phosphorus; pollution; quartz; radioactive waste; sediments; silica minerals; silicates; transformations; United States; uranium; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron reduction by extremophiles AN - 51956824; 2003-056405 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Roh, Yul AU - Stapleton, Ray AU - Li, Guangshan AU - Huang, Heshu AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Zhang, Chuanlun L AU - Murray, Alison AU - Tiedje, James M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 194 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - sea water KW - permafrost KW - Northeast Pacific KW - cobalt KW - Swhewanella oneidensis KW - manganese KW - iron KW - remediation KW - marine sediments KW - Siberia KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - chromium KW - thermophilic taxa KW - soils KW - East Pacific KW - Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus KW - biochemistry KW - extremophile taxa KW - bioremediation KW - geochemical cycle KW - molecular structure KW - genetics KW - organic compounds KW - North Pacific KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - Pacific Ocean KW - bacteria KW - Alaska KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - magnetite KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51956824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Iron+reduction+by+extremophiles&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Jizhong%3BRoh%2C+Yul%3BStapleton%2C+Ray%3BLi%2C+Guangshan%3BHuang%2C+Heshu%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BZhang%2C+Chuanlun+L%3BMurray%2C+Alison%3BTiedje%2C+James+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Jizhong&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=194&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Alaska; Asia; bacteria; biochemistry; bioremediation; carbon; chromium; cobalt; East Pacific; Eh; extremophile taxa; genetics; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; hydrogen; iron; magnetite; manganese; marine sediments; metals; molecular structure; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; organic compounds; oxides; Pacific Ocean; permafrost; reduction; remediation; sea water; sediments; Siberia; soils; Swhewanella oneidensis; Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus; thermophilic taxa; United States; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon and hydrogen isotope signatures associated with microbial iron reduction AN - 51956697; 2003-056361 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Horita, Juske AU - Cole, David R AU - Zhang, Chuanlun L AU - Li, Yiliang AU - Vali, Hojatollah AU - Romanek, Christopher S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 179 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - water KW - isotope fractionation KW - isotopes KW - biomass KW - amorphous materials KW - isotope ratios KW - stable isotopes KW - Shewanella KW - iron KW - carbon dioxide KW - siderite KW - lactate KW - radioactive tracers KW - D/H KW - metals KW - identification KW - hydrogen KW - bacteria KW - reduction KW - carbonates KW - ferric citrate KW - Eh KW - microorganisms KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51956697?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Carbon+and+hydrogen+isotope+signatures+associated+with+microbial+iron+reduction&rft.au=Horita%2C+Juske%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BZhang%2C+Chuanlun+L%3BLi%2C+Yiliang%3BVali%2C+Hojatollah%3BRomanek%2C+Christopher+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=Juske&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; bacteria; biomass; carbon dioxide; carbonates; D/H; Eh; ferric citrate; hydrogen; identification; iron; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; lactate; metals; microorganisms; radioactive tracers; reduction; Shewanella; siderite; stable isotopes; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The scientific challenges of carbon sequestration AN - 51932727; 2003-071517 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Benson, Sally M AU - Amthor, Jeff AU - Bishop, Jim K AU - Caldeira, Ken AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 3 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - sequestration KW - carbon KW - biosphere KW - government agencies KW - atmosphere KW - power plants KW - greenhouse effect KW - environmental analysis KW - storage KW - carbon dioxide KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51932727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+scientific+challenges+of+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Benson%2C+Sally+M%3BAmthor%2C+Jeff%3BBishop%2C+Jim+K%3BCaldeira%2C+Ken%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Benson&rft.aufirst=Sally&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; biosphere; carbon; carbon dioxide; environmental analysis; government agencies; greenhouse effect; power plants; sequestration; storage; U. S. Department of Energy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A whole ecosystem radiocarbon label in a southeastern hardwood forest near Oak Ridge, TN, USA AN - 51932627; 2003-071610 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Gaudinski, Julia B AU - Trumbore, Susan E AU - Hanson, Paul J AU - Southon, John R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 23 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - respiration KW - forests KW - isotopes KW - metabolism KW - atmosphere KW - ecosystems KW - Oak Ridge Tennessee KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - radioactive isotopes KW - tree rings KW - carbon KW - Tennessee KW - carbon cycle KW - C-14 KW - soil gases KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51932627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+whole+ecosystem+radiocarbon+label+in+a+southeastern+hardwood+forest+near+Oak+Ridge%2C+TN%2C+USA&rft.au=Gaudinski%2C+Julia+B%3BTrumbore%2C+Susan+E%3BHanson%2C+Paul+J%3BSouthon%2C+John+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gaudinski&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; C-14; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; ecosystems; forests; geochemical cycle; isotopes; metabolism; Oak Ridge Tennessee; radioactive isotopes; respiration; soil gases; soils; Tennessee; tree rings; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular and interfacial processes controlling sequestration of soil organic carbon AN - 51834138; 2004-048222 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - McCarthy, John F AU - Palmer, Jennifer A Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 246 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - fertilizers KW - sequestration KW - ecosystems KW - adsorption KW - porosity KW - carbon KW - chronosequences KW - horizons KW - organic carbon KW - pH KW - humic soils KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51834138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Molecular+and+interfacial+processes+controlling+sequestration+of+soil+organic+carbon&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+John+F%3BPalmer%2C+Jennifer+A&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=246&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; carbon; chronosequences; ecosystems; fertilizers; horizons; humic soils; organic carbon; pH; porosity; sequestration; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Utilization of biomineralization processes for carbon sequestration AN - 51831138; 2004-048288 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Roh, Yul AU - McMillan, April AU - Lauf, Robert AU - Phelps, Tommy Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 271 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - thermophilic taxa KW - biomineralization KW - sequestration KW - biochemistry KW - lime KW - iron KW - carbon dioxide KW - calcite KW - siderite KW - ash KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - mineralization KW - leaching KW - carbonates KW - pH KW - Eh KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51831138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Utilization+of+biomineralization+processes+for+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Roh%2C+Yul%3BMcMillan%2C+April%3BLauf%2C+Robert%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy&rft.aulast=Roh&rft.aufirst=Yul&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ash; bacteria; biochemistry; biomineralization; calcite; carbon dioxide; carbonates; Eh; iron; leaching; lime; metals; mineralization; pH; precipitation; sequestration; siderite; thermophilic taxa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and evaluation of a mathematical model for the transport and oxidation-reduction of CoEDTA AN - 50160150; 2001-006254 AB - Oxidation-reduction reactions influence the subsurface mobility of a wide variety of toxic contaminants. In the work reported here, we develop a new model for coupled transport and oxidation-reduction, and we test the model against published data on the movement of CoEDTA (cobalt ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) through columns packed with beta -MnO (sub 2) -coated sand. The model solves equations for the advective-dispersive transport of three aqueous species: Co(II)EDTA, Co(III)EDTA, and dissolved oxygen. These transport equations are linked with nonlinear kinetics expressions that describe (1) oxidation of Co(II)EDTA to Co(III)EDTA by beta -MnO (sub 2) , (2) inhibition of Co(II)EDTA oxidation due to precipitation of Mn (sub 2) O (sub 3) , an insoluble reaction product that occludes the beta -MnO (sub 2) surface, and (3) regeneration of the redox-reactive beta -MnO (sub 2) surface through oxidation of the Mn (sub 2) O (sub 3) precipitate by dissolved oxygen. Comparison of experimental and calculated results demonstrates that the model describes the response of the coupled hydrological and geochemical processes to changes in flow rate, influent concentrations of Co(II)EDTA, and beta -MnO (sub 2) surface coverages. Copyright 2000 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Saiers, James E AU - Guha, Hillol AU - Jardine, Phil AU - Brooks, Scott Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 3151 EP - 3165 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 36 IS - 11 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - dispersivity KW - oxygen KW - cobalt KW - ground water KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - EDTA KW - carboxylic acids KW - reduction KW - breakthrough curves KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - advection KW - hydrochemistry KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - dissolved oxygen KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - pore water KW - CoEDTA KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50160150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Development+and+evaluation+of+a+mathematical+model+for+the+transport+and+oxidation-reduction+of+CoEDTA&rft.au=Saiers%2C+James+E%3BGuha%2C+Hillol%3BJardine%2C+Phil%3BBrooks%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Saiers&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000WR900210 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; breakthrough curves; carboxylic acids; chemical reactions; cobalt; CoEDTA; dispersivity; dissolved oxygen; EDTA; Eh; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; mathematical methods; mathematical models; metals; organic acids; organic compounds; oxidation; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; pore water; precipitation; reduction; soils; solutes; toxic materials; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000WR900210 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Air/water exchange of mercury in the Everglades I: the behavior of dissolved gaseous mercury in the Everglades Nutrient Removal Project AN - 17634588; 4780579 AB - From 1996 to 1998 we determined dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) in waters of the Everglades Nutrient Removal Project (ENR), a constructed wetlands. The concentrations of DGM measured in these waters (mean 7.3 plus or minus 9.5 pg l super(-1)) are among the lowest reported in the literature, and suggest a system often near or slightly above equilibrium with Hg in ambient air. DGM exhibited both seasonal and diel trends, peaking at midday and during the summer. A simple box budget model of DGM in waters of the Everglades was developed using an interactive spreadsheet based on a mass balance among light-induced reduction of Hg super(II) (production of DGM), Hg super(0) oxidation (removal), and Hg super(0) evasion in a box (water column) consisting of a surface region with sunlight available and a lower dark region. The modeling results suggest high sensitivity of hourly DGM concentrations to DGM production rates and initial DGM levels. The sensitivity to Hg super(0) oxidation is lower than the sensitivity to DGM production. The model performance demonstrates successful simulations of a variety of DGM trends in the Everglades. In particular, it clearly demonstrates how it is possible to measure comparable rates of evasion over several Everglades sites with different DGM concentrations. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Zhang, H AU - Lindberg, SE Y1 - 2000/10/02/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Oct 02 SP - 123 EP - 133 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 259 IS - 1-3 KW - USA, Florida, Everglades KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Air-water interactions KW - Mercury KW - Wetlands KW - Seasonal variations KW - Water pollution KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17634588?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Air%2Fwater+exchange+of+mercury+in+the+Everglades+I%3A+the+behavior+of+dissolved+gaseous+mercury+in+the+Everglades+Nutrient+Removal+Project&rft.au=Zhang%2C+H%3BLindberg%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2000-10-02&rft.volume=259&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0048-9697%2800%2900577-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00577-5 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Air/water exchange of mercury in the Everglades II: measuring and modeling evasion of mercury from surface waters in the Everglades Nutrient Removal Project AN - 17634101; 4780580 AB - During the period 1996-1998, and covering each of the four climatic seasons, we measured evasion of Hg using flux chambers over waters of the Everglades Nutrient Removal Project (ENR), a constructed wetlands. In situ water evasion fluxes of total gaseous mercury (primarily Hg degree ) measured at seven Everglades sites typically show low evasion rates (< 3 ng m super(-2) h super(-1)), which are smaller on average than those measured in northern systems. Evasion exhibits a strong diel cycle, with the highest values during midday, and evasion rates are correlated with dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM), solar radiation, wind speed, and water temperature. A thin film model was adapted and applied to estimate evasion fluxes for these Everglades waters based on our measurements of DGM. The results suggest that the typical thin film model underestimates evasion for the Everglades waters, at least on a short time scale. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Lindberg, SE AU - Zhang, H Y1 - 2000/10/02/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Oct 02 SP - 135 EP - 143 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 259 IS - 1-3 KW - USA, Florida, Everglades KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Surface water KW - Solar radiation KW - Air-water interactions KW - Mercury KW - Wetlands KW - Wind KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17634101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Air%2Fwater+exchange+of+mercury+in+the+Everglades+II%3A+measuring+and+modeling+evasion+of+mercury+from+surface+waters+in+the+Everglades+Nutrient+Removal+Project&rft.au=Lindberg%2C+SE%3BZhang%2C+H&rft.aulast=Lindberg&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=2000-10-02&rft.volume=259&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0048-9697%2800%2900586-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00586-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the application of a radiation weighting factor for alpha particles in protection of non-human biota. AN - 72292332; 11007463 AB - Radiation protection standards for non-human biota have been expressed in terms of absorbed dose. In calculating dose to biota, some investigators have modified the absorbed dose due to alpha particles by a factor of 20, based on the radiation weighting factor used in protection of humans, to account for the greater effectiveness of these radiations in producing biological damage. However, this value is intended to apply to stochastic health effects, primarily cancers, whereas deterministic effects have been the primary concern in protection of biota. Based on an analysis by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, the deterministic radiation weighting factor for alpha particles appears to lie in the range of about 5-10. Given the potential importance of this weighting factor in determining allowable levels of alpha-emitting radionuclides in the environment, regulatory authorities must be impressed with the need to develop an appropriate value for use in protection of biota. There also is a need to express doses and dose limits for biota in terms of a quantity other than absorbed dose and to develop an appropriate name for the biologically significant dose to biota. JF - Health physics AU - Kocher, D C AU - Trabalka, J R AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37830-6480, USA. dck@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/10// PY - 2000 DA - October 2000 SP - 407 EP - 411 VL - 79 IS - 4 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Safety KW - Animals, Laboratory KW - Radiation Monitoring -- standards KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Radiation Monitoring -- methods KW - Alpha Particles KW - Radiation Protection -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72292332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=On+the+application+of+a+radiation+weighting+factor+for+alpha+particles+in+protection+of+non-human+biota.&rft.au=Kocher%2C+D+C%3BTrabalka%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Kocher&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-10-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=407&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-10-10 N1 - Date created - 2000-10-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term increased bioaccumulation of mercury in largemouth bass follows reduction of waterborne selenium. AN - 71224142; 10879829 AB - Average mercury concentrations in largemouth bass from Rogers Quarry in east Tennessee were found to increase steadily following the elimination of selenium-rich discharges of fly ash to the quarry in 1989. From 1990 to 1998, mean mercury concentrations (adjusted to compensate for the covariance between individual fish weight and mercury concentration) in bass rose from 0.02 to 0.61 mg/kg. There was no indication that the rate increase was slowing or that mercury concentrations in fish were approaching a plateau or steady state. Mean selenium concentrations in bass declined from 3 to 1 mg/kg over the first five years of the study, but remained at 1-1.5 mg/kg (about twice typical concentrations in bass from local reference sites) for the last three years of the study. Gross physical abnormalities were common in fish from the site in the first three years after elimination of fly ash discharges but disappeared after two more years. Although it remains possible that other chemical or physical changes related to fly ash disposal in the system were associated with increased mercury bioaccumulation, the most likely explanation is that selenium played a critical role. It appears as though aqueous selenium enrichment was capable of having a profound effect on mercury bioaccumulation in this system but at the cost of causing a high incidence of gross abnormalities in fish. However, it is possible that selenium concentrations between the national ambient water quality criterion for the protection of aquatic life, 5 microg/l, and that now found in Rogers Quarry (<2 microg/l) could reduce mercury bioaccumulation without causing adverse effects on aquatic biota and fish-eating wildlife. JF - Chemosphere AU - Southworth, G R AU - Peterson, M J AU - Ryon, M G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA. sgr@urnl.gov Y1 - 2000/10// PY - 2000 DA - October 2000 SP - 1101 EP - 1105 VL - 41 IS - 7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Selenium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Selenium -- pharmacology KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- pharmacokinetics KW - Mercury -- pharmacokinetics KW - Bass -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71224142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Long-term+increased+bioaccumulation+of+mercury+in+largemouth+bass+follows+reduction+of+waterborne+selenium.&rft.au=Southworth%2C+G+R%3BPeterson%2C+M+J%3BRyon%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Southworth&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2000-10-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2000-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Airborne geophysical surveying for hazardous waste site characterization on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee AN - 52283231; 2001-002776 AB - Airborne geophysical methods that were developed for mineral and petroleum exploration can, with some modification, be applied to environmental problems where large areas must be characterized. A helicopter survey that deployed magnetic, electromagnetic, and radiometric sensors carried out one of the first large-scale airborne environmental surveys at a U.S. government facility at Oak Ridge, Tennessee in 1993-1994. The survey included testing of a new airborne electromagnetic system designed specifically for environmental applications and for controlled field tests of magnetic systems. Helicopter-borne magnetic measurements were capable of discriminating groups of as few as ten metallic 208-liter (55-gallon) storage drums under representative field conditions. Magnetic and electromagnetic sensors were able to distinguish groups of metal-filled waste disposal trenches within disposal sites, but were unable to resolve individual trenches. Electromagnetic data proved to be the most effective airborne technique for geological mapping in this portion of the Appalachian fold-and-thrust belt and for locating karst features. Radiometric measurements were useful both in geological mapping and in detecting zones of high radiation related to hazardous waste. The Oak Ridge survey proved valuable for quickly screening large areas and for locating anomalies for subsequent ground follow-up. On-board video was used to reduce the number of instances of ground follow-up by allowing the visual screening of anomalous areas. JF - Geophysics AU - Doll, W E AU - Nyquist, J E AU - Beard, L P AU - Gamey, T J Y1 - 2000/10// PY - 2000 DA - October 2000 SP - 1372 EP - 1387 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 65 IS - 5 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hazardous waste KW - North America KW - site exploration KW - geophysical methods KW - magnetic methods KW - Appalachians KW - environmental analysis KW - Tennessee KW - electromagnetic methods KW - fold and thrust belts KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52283231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Airborne+geophysical+surveying+for+hazardous+waste+site+characterization+on+the+Oak+Ridge+Reservation%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Doll%2C+W+E%3BNyquist%2C+J+E%3BBeard%2C+L+P%3BGamey%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Doll&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2000-10-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1372&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1444828 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; Appalachians; electromagnetic methods; environmental analysis; fold and thrust belts; geophysical methods; hazardous waste; magnetic methods; North America; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; site exploration; Tennessee; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444828 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reservoir parameter estimation using a hybrid neural network AN - 52260043; 2001-016388 AB - The accuracy of an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm is a crucial issue in the estimation of an oil field"s reservoir properties from the log and seismic data. This paper demonstrates the use of the k-fold cross validation technique to obtain confidence bounds on an ANN's accuracy statistic from a finite sample set. In addition, we also show that an ANN's classification accuracy is dramatically improved by transforming the ANN's input feature space to a dimensionally smaller, new input space. The new input space represents a feature space that maximizes the linear separation between classes. Thus, the ANN's convergence time and accuracy are improved because the ANN must merely find nonlinear perturbations to the starting linear decision boundaries. These techniques for estimating ANN accuracy bounds and feature space transformations are demonstrated on the problem of estimating the sand thickness in an oil field reservoir based only on remotely sensed seismic data. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Aminzadeh, F AU - Barhen, J AU - Glover, C W AU - Toomarian, N B A2 - Mohaghegh, Shahab Y1 - 2000/10// PY - 2000 DA - October 2000 SP - 869 EP - 875 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford-Toronto VL - 26 IS - 8 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - soil mechanics KW - petroleum exploration KW - petroleum engineering KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - petroleum KW - virtual intelligence KW - seismic methods KW - reservoir rocks KW - computer programs KW - applications KW - neural networks KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52260043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Reservoir+parameter+estimation+using+a+hybrid+neural+network&rft.au=Aminzadeh%2C+F%3BBarhen%2C+J%3BGlover%2C+C+W%3BToomarian%2C+N+B&rft.aulast=Aminzadeh&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2000-10-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=869&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GGEOD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; computer programs; data processing; geophysical methods; neural networks; petroleum; petroleum engineering; petroleum exploration; reservoir rocks; seismic methods; soil mechanics; virtual intelligence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A 35-year history of (super 90) Sr releases from a radioactive-waste burial ground AN - 51189932; 2001-005454 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Huff, D D Y1 - 2000/10// PY - 2000 DA - October 2000 SP - 1275 EP - 1285 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 39 IS - 11 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Sr-90 KW - isotopes KW - grouting KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - water treatment KW - Tennessee KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hydrology KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - runoff KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51189932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=A+35-year+history+of+%28super+90%29+Sr+releases+from+a+radioactive-waste+burial+ground&rft.au=Huff%2C+D+D&rft.aulast=Huff&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-10-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; concentration; environmental analysis; ground water; grouting; hydrology; in situ; isotopes; metals; monitoring; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; runoff; Sr-90; strontium; Tennessee; transport; underground disposal; United States; waste disposal; waste management; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiological Benchmarks for Effects on Aquatic Biota at the Oak Ridge Reservation AN - 18159561; 4826315 AB - Radiological benchmarks for aquatic biota were developed for use at the U.S. Department of Energy's Oak Ridge Reservation as screening values to determine the spatial extent of potential ecological effects and to identify the need for additional site-specific investigation. The Point Source Dose Distribution approach was used to calculate water and sediment activities for selected radionuclides that result in a total dose rate to small and large fish of 1 Rad d super(-1), which is the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements' recommended acceptable dose rate to natural populations of aquatic biota. These screening values incorporate internal and external exposures from parent isotopes and all short-lived daughter products. They also include exposures from all major alpha, beta, and gamma emissions for each isotope. Unlike exposures to chemicals, exposures to radionuclides are expressed as the dose rate received by the organism. Dose rates that account for the biological effects to the organism are additive. If the total dose rate from all radionuclides and pathways exceeds a recommended acceptable dose rate, further analysis is needed to determine the hazards posed by radionuclides. If, however, the total dose rate falls below an acceptable dose rate, radionuclides may be eliminated from further study. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Jones, D S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA Y1 - 2000/10// PY - 2000 DA - October 2000 SP - 789 EP - 807 VL - 6 IS - 5 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Radioecology KW - Sites KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Aquatic Animals KW - Aquatic Populations KW - Pollution effects KW - Radiation dosimetry KW - Freshwater KW - Ecological Effects KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Radiation hazards KW - Freshwater fish KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge Reservation KW - Pisces KW - Hazards KW - Biota KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Exposure KW - Radioisotopes KW - Radioactive contamination KW - Radioactivity KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18159561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Radiological+Benchmarks+for+Effects+on+Aquatic+Biota+at+the+Oak+Ridge+Reservation&rft.au=Jones%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-10-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=789&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution dispersion; Radioactive contamination; Radioisotopes; Pollution effects; Freshwater fish; Radiation hazards; Hazards; Pisces; Aquatic organisms; Biota; Radiation dosimetry; Radioactivity; Radioecology; Sites; Exposure; Water Pollution Effects; Aquatic Populations; Aquatic Animals; Spatial Distribution; Ecological Effects; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge Reservation; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct Determination of Soil Surface-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Petroleum-Contaminated Soils by Real-Time Aerosol Mass Spectrometry AN - 17763230; 4819663 AB - Soil surface-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were identified by use of Real-Time Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (RTAMS) in two NIST standard research material (SRM) soils (Montana SRM 2710 and Peruvian SRM 4355) each contaminated separately with three common petroleum hydrocarbons (diesel fuel, gasoline, and kerosene). The described contaminated soil analysis required no sample preparation. Direct laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric analysis of individual soil particles contaminated with each of the petroleum hydrocarbons at three different contamination levels (0.8, 8, and 80 ppth (wt/wt)) yielded detectable PAH cation distributions that ranged from m/z 128 to 234, depending on the fuel contaminant. The same analysis performed on uncontaminated SRM soils revealed very little (Peruvian) to no (Montana) detectable PAH species. Size analysis showed that most of the individual soil particles analyzed were between 1 and 5 mu m in diameter. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) experiments identified alkylsubstituted two- and three-ringed PAHs in all three petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils. However, due to similarities in fragmentation patterns, MS/MS analysis of higher MW species (m/z > 200) was unable to distinguish between the possibility of highly alkyl-substituted three-ringed PAHs and hydrogenated four-ringed PAHs. The described technique offers the direct, rapid determination and characterization of surface-bound PAHs in petroleum-contaminated soils at part-per-million levels without prior extraction, separation, or other sample preparation methods. JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington) AU - Rodgers, R P AU - Lazar, A C AU - Reilly, PTA AU - Whitten, W B AU - Ramsey, J M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division (CASD), P.O. Box 2008 MS-6142, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6142, USA Y1 - 2000/10// PY - 2000 DA - Oct 2000 SP - 5040 EP - 5046 VL - 72 IS - 20 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Pollution detection KW - Petroleum KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Soil contamination KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17763230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Direct+Determination+of+Soil+Surface-Bound+Polycyclic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbons+in+Petroleum-Contaminated+Soils+by+Real-Time+Aerosol+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.au=Rodgers%2C+R+P%3BLazar%2C+A+C%3BReilly%2C+PTA%3BWhitten%2C+W+B%3BRamsey%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Rodgers&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-10-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=5040&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Soil contamination; Petroleum; Pollution detection; Mass spectrometry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Performance Evaluation of a Zerovalent Iron Reactive Barrier: Mineralogical Characteristics AN - 17749822; 4807749 AB - There is a limited amount of information about the effects of mineral precipitates and corrosion on the lifespan and long-term performance of in situ Fe super(0) reactive barriers. The objectives of this paper are (1) to investigate mineral precipitates through an in situ permeable Fe super(0) reactive barrier and (2) to examine the cementation and corrosion of Fe super(0) filings in order to estimate the lifespan of this barrier. This field scale barrier (225' long x 2' wide x 31' deep) has been installed in order to remove uranium from contaminated groundwater at the Y-12 plant site, Oak Ridge, TN. According to XRD and SEM-EDX analysis of core samples recovered from the Fe super(0) portion of the barrier, iron oxyhydroxides were found throughout, while aragonite, siderite, and FeS occurred predominantly in the shallow portion. Additionally, aragonite and FeS were present in up- gradient deeper zone where groundwater first enters the Fe super(0) section of the barrier. After 15 months in the barrier, most of the Fe super(0) filings in the core samples were loose, and a little corrosion of Fe super(0) filings was observed in most of the barrier. However, larger amounts of corrosion ( similar to 10-150 mu m thick corrosion rinds) occurred on cemented iron particles where groundwater first enters the barrier. Bicarbonate/carbonate concentrations were high in this section of the barrier. Byproducts of this corrosion, iron oxyhydroxides, were the primary binding material in the cementation. Also, aragonite acted as a binding material to a lesser extent, while amorphous FeS occurred as coatings and infilings. Thin corrosion rinds (2-50 mu m thick) were also found on the uncemented individual Fe super(0) filings in the same area of the cementation. If corrosion continues, the estimated lifespan of Fe super(0) filings in the more corroded sections is 5 to 10 years, while the Fe super(0) filings in the rest of the barrier perhaps would last longer than 15 years. The mineral precipitates on the Fe super(0) filing surfaces may hinder this corrosion but they may also decrease reactive surfaces. This research shows that precipitation will vary across a single reactive barrier and that greater corrosion and subsequent cementation of the filings may occur where groundwater first enters the Fe super(0) section of the barrier. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Phillips, D H AU - Gu, B AU - Watson, D B AU - Roh, Y AU - Liang, L AU - Lee, SY AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Building 1505, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, phillipsdh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/10/01/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Oct 01 SP - 4169 EP - 4176 VL - 34 IS - 19 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater Barriers KW - Precipitation (Atmospheric) KW - Iron Oxides KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Iron oxides and hydroxides KW - Field Tests KW - Precipitation KW - Data collections KW - Water quality control KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Uranium KW - Corrosion KW - Field studies KW - Water Quality Control KW - Minerals KW - Data Collections KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17749822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Performance+Evaluation+of+a+Zerovalent+Iron+Reactive+Barrier%3A+Mineralogical+Characteristics&rft.au=Phillips%2C+D+H%3BGu%2C+B%3BWatson%2C+D+B%3BRoh%2C+Y%3BLiang%2C+L%3BLee%2C+SY&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=4169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution (Groundwater); Water quality control; Precipitation (Atmospheric); Uranium; Corrosion; Field studies; Iron oxides and hydroxides; Data collections; Minerals; Performance Evaluation; Groundwater Barriers; Iron Oxides; Groundwater Pollution; Precipitation; Field Tests; Water Quality Control; Data Collections ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multispecies transport of metal-EDTA complexes and chromate through undisturbed columns of weathered fractured saprolite AN - 17721451; 4793834 AB - Laboratory-scale tracer experiments were conducted to investigate the geochemical and hydrological processes that govern the fate and transport of organically chelated radionuclides and toxic metals in undisturbed saturated columns of weathered, fractured shale saprolite. Three long-term, reactive contaminant injections were pulsed onto three separate soil columns, with the following influent mixtures: (1) super(109)CdEDTA super(2-), (2) super(109)CdEDTA super(2-) and super(57,58)Co(II)EDTA super(2-), and (3) super(109)CdEDTA super(2-), super(57)Co(III)EDTA super(-), and H super(51)CrO sub(4) super(-). Both single and multiple species experiments were conducted to determine the importance of interaction between the contaminants and competition for surface sites. Flow interruption was used to identify physical and chemical non-equilibrium (PNE and CNE) which were caused by multiple pore-region flow and rate-limited chemical reactions, respectively. Reactive contaminant transport through the fractured, weathered shale was affected by sorption, redox, and dissociation reactions, which were mediated by soil organic matter and surficial oxides of Fe, Mn, and Al. The transport of CdEDTA super(2-) was significantly influenced by ligand-promoted dissolution of subsurface Fe and Al sources, resulting in the liberation of Cd super(2+), Al(III)EDTA super(-) and Fe(III)EDTA super(-). Flow interruption confirmed that the surface-mediated dissociation reaction was time-dependent, with the stability of the CdEDTA super(2-) complex dependent on its residence time within the soil. The migration of Co(II)EDTA super(2-) was dominated by oxidization to the highly stable Co(III)EDTA super(-) species, and elevated effluent Mn super(2+) suggested that surficial Mn(IV) oxides likely catalyzed the redox reaction, though Fe-oxides may have also contributed to the reaction. Dissociation (12%) of the Co(II)EDTA super(2-) complex was first observed during flow interruption, indicating that rate-limited dissociation of the complex by Fe-oxides may be significant under equilibrium conditions. The transport of HCrO sub(4) super(-) was significantly altered by the reduction of mobile Cr(VI) to irreversibly bound Cr(III). The reduction reaction was catalyzed by surface-bound natural organic matter and flow interruption confirmed that the reaction was time-dependent. There was little evidence of competitive effects between the various contaminants in the multispecies experiments, since each was influenced by a different geochemical process during transport through the soil. The results of this study further support research findings that suggest anionic toxic metals and radionuclide-organic complexes can be significantly influenced by soil geochemical processes that can both enhance and impede the subsurface migration of these contaminants. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Mayes, MA AU - Jardine, P M AU - Larsen, IL AU - Brooks, S C AU - Fendorf, SE AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, zk5@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/10// PY - 2000 DA - October 2000 SP - 243 EP - 265 VL - 45 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - chromates KW - ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid KW - saprolite KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Speciation KW - Sorption KW - Chromium KW - Heavy metals KW - Iron Oxides KW - Geochemistry KW - Soil contamination KW - Oxidation-reduction Potential KW - Chemical Reactions KW - Radioisotopes KW - Hydrology KW - Weathering KW - Manganese KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17721451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Multispecies+transport+of+metal-EDTA+complexes+and+chromate+through+undisturbed+columns+of+weathered+fractured+saprolite&rft.au=Mayes%2C+MA%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BLarsen%2C+IL%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BFendorf%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Mayes&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2000-10-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sorption; Heavy metals; Geochemistry; Radioisotopes; Hydrology; Soil contamination; Speciation; Chromium; Iron Oxides; Chemical Reactions; Weathering; Manganese; Oxidation-reduction Potential ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecotoxicological Indicators of Water Quality: Using Multi-response Indicators to Assess the Health of Aquatic Ecosystems AN - 16148756; 5404785 AB - As sensitive and ecologically relevant measures of environmental conditions, bioindicators can be used to assess the health of aquatic ecosystems which may be compromised by a variety of environmental stressors such as contaminants, sediments, nutrients, and varying temperature, salinity, and hydrologic regimes. The bioindicators approach is a proven bioassessment method that uses responses of key (sentinel) aquatic organisms both as integrators of stress effects and as sensitive response (early-warning) indicators of environmental health. This integrated approach involves measuring a suite of selected biological and ecological responses at several levels of biological organization from the biomolecular and biochemical to the community levels. When properly designed and applied in field situations, bioindicator studies can help identify causal mechanisms between environmental stressors and population and community-level effects, and serve as a basis for which the effectiveness of remedial actions on the health of aquatic organisms can be evaluated. Rapidly-responding sensitive biomarkers, such as biomolecular and biochemical responses, and slower-response ecologically relevant bioindicators, such as population and community responses, can be included in field bioassessment programs to provide measurement endpoints for use in environmental compliance, regulatory decision-making, and ecological risk assessments. This bioindicators approach should be particularly relevant in helping to identify and diagnose sources of stressors in environments impacted by multiple stressors. To demonstrate use of bioindicators in addressing water quality issues, spatial and temporal patters in various biological responses are related to spatial and temporal patterns of contaminants in two aquatic systems compromised by different stressors. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Adams, S M AU - Greeley AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA Y1 - 2000/10// PY - 2000 DA - Oct 2000 SP - 103 EP - 115 VL - 123 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Ecosystems KW - Water quality monitoring KW - Water quality measurements KW - Environmental health KW - Biomarkers KW - Salinity KW - Ecotoxicology KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Pollution indicators KW - Toxicology KW - Bioindicators KW - Water Quality KW - Stress KW - Soil contamination KW - Warning systems KW - Aquatic ecology KW - Aquatic environment KW - environmental stress KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Risk assessment KW - Biological stress KW - Biochemistry KW - Compliance KW - Pollution effects KW - Pollutants KW - Assessments KW - Varieties KW - Temperature KW - Sediments KW - Remediation KW - Analytical techniques KW - Environmental conditions KW - aquatic ecosystems KW - Indicator species KW - O 4095:Instruments/Methods KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - M2 556.11:Water properties (556.11) KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16148756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Ecotoxicological+Indicators+of+Water+Quality%3A+Using+Multi-response+Indicators+to+Assess+the+Health+of+Aquatic+Ecosystems&rft.au=Adams%2C+S+M%3BGreeley&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2000-10-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquatic organisms; Biological stress; Ecotoxicology; Analytical techniques; Pollution effects; Biomarkers; Pollution indicators; Aquatic environment; Indicator species; Water quality monitoring; Aquatic ecology; Risk assessment; Bioindicators; water quality; Biochemistry; Compliance; Water quality measurements; Temperature; Environmental health; Stress; Soil contamination; Warning systems; Sediments; Salinity; environmental stress; Remediation; aquatic ecosystems; Environmental conditions; Toxicology; Assessments; Ecosystems; Pollutants; Water Pollution Effects; Varieties; Water Quality; Sediment Contamination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The development of optical nanosensors for biological measurements AN - 17642797; 4759495 AB - This article discusses and documents the basic concepts of, and developments in, the field of optical nanosensors and nanobiosensors. It describes the progression of this field of research from its birth up to the present, with emphasis on the techniques of sensor construction and their application to biological systems. After a brief overview of the techniques for fabricating nanometer-sized optical fibers, we describe the various types of transducer and bioreceptor molecule presently used for nanosensor and nanobiosensor fabrication. JF - Trends in Biotechnology AU - Cullum, B M AU - Vo-Dinh, T AD - Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA, vodinht@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - Sep 2000 SP - 388 EP - 393 VL - 18 IS - 9 SN - 0167-7799, 0167-7799 KW - nanosensors KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Biosensors KW - Reviews KW - Optical properties KW - W2 32250:Others KW - W2 32000:General topics and reviews KW - W3 33000:General topics and reviews KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33250:Methods: Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17642797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=The+development+of+optical+nanosensors+for+biological+measurements&rft.au=Cullum%2C+B+M%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T&rft.aulast=Cullum&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=388&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01677799&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0167-7799%2800%2901477-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Optical properties; Biosensors; Reviews DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7799(00)01477-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bleomycin, unlike other male-mouse mutagens, is most effective in spermatogonia, inducing primarily deletions. AN - 71771338; 10946246 AB - Dominant-lethal tests [P.D. Sudman, J.C. Rutledge, J.B. Bishop, W.M. Generoso, Bleomycin: female-specific dominant lethal effects in mice, Mutat. Res. 296 (1992) 205-217] had suggested that Bleomycin sulfate (Blenoxane), BLM, might be a female-specific mutagen. While confirming that BLM is indeed a powerful inducer of dominant-lethal mutations in females that fails to induce such mutations in postspermatogonial stages of males, we have shown in a specific-locus test that BLM is, in fact, mutagenic in males. This mutagenicity, however, is restricted to spermatogonia (stem-cell and differentiating stages), for which the specific-locus mutation rate differed significantly (P<0.008) from the historical control rate. In treated groups, dominant mutations, also, originated only in spermatogonia. With regard to mutation frequencies, this germ-cell-stage pattern is different from that for radiation and for any other chemical studied to date, except ethylnitrosourea (ENU). However, the nature of the spermatogonial specific-locus mutations differentiates BLM from ENU as well, because BLM induced primarily (or, perhaps, exclusively) multilocus deletions. Heretofore, no chemical that induced specific-locus mutations in spermatogonia did not also induce specific-locus as well as dominant-lethal mutations in postspermatogonial stages, making the dominant lethal test, up till now, predictive of male mutagenicity in general. The BLM results now demonstrate that there are chemicals that can induce specific-locus mutations in spermatogonia without testing positive in postspermatogonial stages. Thus, BLM, while not female-specific, is unique, (a) in its germ-cell-stage specificity in males, and (b) in inducing a type of mutation (deletions) that is atypical for the responding germ-cell stages (spermatogonia). JF - Mutation research AU - Russell, L B AU - Hunsicker, P R AU - Kerley, M K AU - Johnson, D K AU - Shelby, M D AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 9210, P.O. Box 2009, MS 8077, 37831-8077, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. russelllb@orn1.gov Y1 - 2000/08/21/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Aug 21 SP - 95 EP - 105 VL - 469 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Bleomycin KW - 11056-06-7 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Genes, Dominant KW - Sex Characteristics KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice KW - Genes, Lethal KW - Male KW - Female KW - DNA -- drug effects KW - Stem Cells -- drug effects KW - Stem Cells -- cytology KW - Spermatogonia -- drug effects KW - Spermatogonia -- cytology KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Bleomycin -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71771338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Bleomycin%2C+unlike+other+male-mouse+mutagens%2C+is+most+effective+in+spermatogonia%2C+inducing+primarily+deletions.&rft.au=Russell%2C+L+B%3BHunsicker%2C+P+R%3BKerley%2C+M+K%3BJohnson%2C+D+K%3BShelby%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2000-08-21&rft.volume=469&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-10-30 N1 - Date created - 2000-10-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of cocaine and heroin vapor pressures using commercial and illicit samples. AN - 72286478; 11002921 AB - The establishment of drug vapor pressure reference values provides valuable information in the development of vapor sensing devices for drug detection. The purpose of this work was to determine equilibrium headspace vapor pressures for commercial and illicit drug samples for use in such applications. Samples of cocaine, both free base and hydrochloride forms, and heroin hydrochloride were evaluated. The procedure used to measure the vapor pressures was a modification of a previously published method. Vapor pressure values at 20 degrees C previously reported for cocaine free base range from 0.37 x 10(-7) to 1.20 x 10(-7) Torr. The vapor pressure value determined in this study was 2.96 x 10(-7) Torr. It is likely that the discrepancies are due to differences in experimental conditions, varying sources of samples, and uncertainty in the methodologies. When the values were compared for commercial (99% purity) and illicit (unknown purity) sources of cocaine free base, there were no statistical differences in the projected room temperature (20 degrees C) vapor pressure values. However, the commercial and illicit samples of cocaine hydrochloride did show statistical differences. Although no comparison was made with the vapor pressure values for a pure, commercial sample, the vapor pressures of heroin hydrochloride (81% purity) at various temperatures were determined using the method developed for cocaine and are reported in this paper. JF - The Analyst AU - Dindal, A B AU - Buchanan, M V AU - Jenkins, R A AU - Bayne, C K AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, TN 37831-6120, USA. dindalab@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - August 2000 SP - 1393 EP - 1396 VL - 125 IS - 8 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Humans KW - Cocaine-Related Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Heroin Dependence -- diagnosis KW - Substance Abuse Detection -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72286478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Analyst&rft.atitle=Determination+of+cocaine+and+heroin+vapor+pressures+using+commercial+and+illicit+samples.&rft.au=Dindal%2C+A+B%3BBuchanan%2C+M+V%3BJenkins%2C+R+A%3BBayne%2C+C+K&rft.aulast=Dindal&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Analyst&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-10-18 N1 - Date created - 2000-10-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diagenetic origin of quartz silt in mudstones and implications for silica cycling AN - 52308113; 2000-070378 JF - Nature (London) AU - Schieber, Juergen AU - Krinsley, Dave AU - Riciputi, Lee Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - August 2000 SP - 981 EP - 985 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 406 IS - 6799 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - ion probe data KW - silica minerals KW - mass spectra KW - plankton KW - electron probe data KW - black shale KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - silica KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - Upper Devonian KW - experimental studies KW - mudstone KW - Paleozoic KW - Eastern U.S. KW - cathodoluminescence KW - geochemical cycle KW - genesis KW - Chattanooga Shale KW - Devonian KW - New Albany Shale KW - precipitation KW - diagenesis KW - quartz KW - clastic rocks KW - SEM data KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52308113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Diagenetic+origin+of+quartz+silt+in+mudstones+and+implications+for+silica+cycling&rft.au=Schieber%2C+Juergen%3BKrinsley%2C+Dave%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee&rft.aulast=Schieber&rft.aufirst=Juergen&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.volume=406&rft.issue=6799&rft.spage=981&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - black shale; cathodoluminescence; Chattanooga Shale; clastic rocks; Devonian; diagenesis; Eastern U.S.; electron probe data; experimental studies; framework silicates; genesis; geochemical cycle; ion probe data; mass spectra; mineral composition; mudstone; New Albany Shale; Paleozoic; plankton; precipitation; quartz; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; silica; silica minerals; silicates; spectra; United States; Upper Devonian ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulated effects of temperature and precipitation change in several forest ecosystems AN - 52304974; 2000-068896 AB - The Nutrient Cycling Model (NuCM) was used to investigate the effects of increased temperature (+4 degrees C) and changing precipitation (increased and decreased) on biogeochemical cycling at six forest sites in the United States: a Picea rubens forest at Nolan Divide in the Great Smoky Mountains, North Carolina; mixed deciduous forests at Walker Branch, Tennessee and Coweeta, North Carolina; a Pinus taeda forest at Duke, North Carolina; a P. eliottii forest at Bradford, Florida; and a P. contorta/P. jeffreyii forest at Little Valley, Nevada. Simulations of increased temperature indicated increased evapotranspiration and reduced water flux. Simulations of changes in precipitation indicated disproportionately large variations in soil water flux because of the relative stability of evapotranspiration with changes in precipitation. Increased temperature caused N release from forest floors at all sites. At the N-saturated Nolan Divide site, this resulted in no change in N uptake or growth but increased soil solution Al and NO (sub 3) (super -) and increased N leaching losses. At the N-limited sites, the release of N from the forest floor caused increased growth, and, in some cases, increased NO (sub 3) (super -) leaching as well, indicating that N released from the forest floor was not efficiently taken up by the vegetation. Increased precipitation caused increased growth, and decreased precipitation caused reduced growth in the N-limited sites because of changes in wet N deposition. Changes in precipitation had no effect on growth in the N-saturated Nolan Divide site, but did cause large changes in soil solution mineral acid anion and Al concentrations. Increased precipitation caused long-term decreases in soil exchangeable base cations in most cases because of the disproportionately large effects on soil water flux; however, increased precipitation caused decreases in exchangeable base cations in cases where atmospheric deposition was a major source of base cations for the system. The simulation results illustrate the extreme complexity of the possible responses of nutrient cycling processes to climate change. By virtue of the fact that the NuCM model does not contain physiological algorithms, these simulations demonstrate that changes in temperature and precipitation can produce widely varying ecosystem-level responses through their effects on biogeochemical cycling processes alone and that generalizations about the relative importance of temperature versus precipitation changes are hazardous. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Johnson, D W AU - Susfalk, R B AU - Gholz, H L AU - Hanson, P J Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - August 2000 SP - 183 EP - 204 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 235 IS - 3-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - terrestrial environment KW - data processing KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - Florida KW - environmental analysis KW - Great Smoky Mountains KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - Coweeta Basin KW - Bradford Florida KW - Walker Branch watershed KW - digital simulation KW - Tennessee KW - climate effects KW - water regimes KW - ecology KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - Alachua County Florida KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - global warming KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - NuCM model KW - evapotranspiration KW - geochemical cycle KW - Duke North Carolina KW - nutrients KW - models KW - case studies KW - Nutrient Cycling Model KW - North Carolina KW - Little Valley Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52304974?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Simulated+effects+of+temperature+and+precipitation+change+in+several+forest+ecosystems&rft.au=Johnson%2C+D+W%3BSusfalk%2C+R+B%3BGholz%2C+H+L%3BHanson%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.volume=235&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alachua County Florida; Anderson County Tennessee; atmospheric precipitation; Bradford Florida; case studies; climate change; climate effects; Coweeta Basin; data processing; digital simulation; Duke North Carolina; ecology; ecosystems; environmental analysis; evapotranspiration; Florida; forests; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; global change; global warming; Great Smoky Mountains; hydrology; Little Valley Nevada; models; Nevada; North Carolina; NuCM model; Nutrient Cycling Model; nutrients; soils; temperature; Tennessee; terrestrial environment; United States; Walker Branch watershed; water regimes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of Indian Cretaceous stages in the subsurface of Jaisalmer Basin, Rajasthan, India AN - 52058799; 2002-074501 AB - Micropaleontologists of Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. have came out in 1996 with a new chronostratigraphic subdivision of Cretaceous sediments suitable for Indian basins. The new classification was made with a broad vision of its usefulness throughout Indian sedimentary basins and a ready tie-up with standard stages of Europe. The designated type sections of Indian Cretaceous stages are the classical successions of Cauvery and the subsurface of Krishna-Godavari basins. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the East-Coast stages are fully applicable to Rajasthan basins. The marine Cretaceous sediments penetrated by deep wells in the Jaisalmer Basin cover an interval from Hautervian to Santonian, Five Indian stages were proposed for this time interval in East Coast basins. All the five of them can be applied to the Jaisalmer Basin. The Indian stages with the equivalent European stages in brackets include Musian(Hautervian to Barremian), Kallakudian (Aptian to Albian), Nallurian (Albian to Cenomanian) Anaipadian (Lower to Middle Turonian), Trichinopolyian (upper Turonian to lowest Campanian). Of these the Musian stage in KG Basin was defined on the basis of Dinoflagellate cysts while the other four are based on planktic foraminifera. One significance of sections of Ghotaru and other deep wells of Rajasthan is that they provide planktic foraminiferal control for defining the Musian stage. The biochronohorizons used in the definition of five Indian stages are: (i)The FAD of G. hoterivica at the base of Musian; (ii) FAD of Hedbergella planispira at the Lower boundary of Kallakudian; (iii) FAD of genus Rotalipora at the lower limit of Nallurian; (iv) LAD of Rotalipora at the base of Anaipadian; (v) LAD of Helvetoglobotruncana helvetica at the lower boundary of the Trichinopolyian and (vi) LAD of Marginotruncana coronata/Dicarinella asymmetrica at the upper limit of Trichi nopolyian. The two younger stages of the Cretaceous, namely Melmatturian (Campanian to Lower Maastrichtian) and Nagallurian (Middle to Upper Maastrichitan) are represented by a major hiatus in the Jaisalmer Basin. The oldest interval of the Cretaceous, probably equivalent to the Mannerian stage, are represented by unfossiliferous sands. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Singh, Jagmohan AU - Raju, D S N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - August 2000 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 31 KW - Jaisalmer Basin KW - Protista KW - Cretaceous KW - chronostratigraphy KW - biostratigraphy KW - assemblages KW - Krishna-Godavari Basin KW - planktonic taxa KW - Mesozoic KW - Rajasthan India KW - India KW - Foraminifera KW - lithofacies KW - Indian Peninsula KW - marine environment KW - classification KW - Invertebrata KW - Rajasthan Basin KW - unconformities KW - Asia KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52058799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Application+of+Indian+Cretaceous+stages+in+the+subsurface+of+Jaisalmer+Basin%2C+Rajasthan%2C+India&rft.au=Singh%2C+Jagmohan%3BRaju%2C+D+S+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Jagmohan&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Brazil 2000; 31st international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - File G0107001.PDF N1 - Last updated - 2013-03-14 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; assemblages; biostratigraphy; chronostratigraphy; classification; Cretaceous; Foraminifera; India; Indian Peninsula; Invertebrata; Jaisalmer Basin; Krishna-Godavari Basin; lithofacies; marine environment; Mesozoic; microfossils; planktonic taxa; Protista; Rajasthan Basin; Rajasthan India; unconformities ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analyzing the consequences of environmental spatial patterns on environmental resources; the use of landscape metrics generated from remote sensing data AN - 52018251; 2003-021321 AB - A number of existing and new remote sensing data provide images of areas ranging from small communities to continents. These images provide views on a wide range of physical features in the landscape, including vegetation, road infrastructure, urban areas, geology, soils, and water courses. Despite increases in the spatial and attribute resolution of images over the last few years, we have fallen behind on our ability to move these images beyond pretty pictures to robust environmental assessments. This paper presents a series of methods developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency to analyze spatial patterns in the environment and the consequences of such patterns on the conditions of ecological resources, including forests, water, and biota (biological diversity). The methods apply fundamental principles from the fields of landscape ecology and ecological hierarchy theory, and take advantage of new remote sensing databases and advances in geographic information system (GIS) technology. We demonstrate the applications of these approaches relative to three scales: (1) an assessment of forest fragmentation at the global scale, (2) an assessment of water resources at a regional scale, and (3) an assessment of habitat resources (biological diversity) at a watershed or catchment scale. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Bruce Jones, K AU - Neale, Anne C AU - Nash, Maliha S AU - van Remortel, Rick D AU - Wickham, James D AU - Riitters, Kurt H AU - O'Neill, Robert V AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - August 2000 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 31 KW - forests KW - spatial data KW - data processing KW - information management KW - biota KW - data management KW - geographic information systems KW - data bases KW - information systems KW - ecology KW - water resources KW - land use KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52018251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Analyzing+the+consequences+of+environmental+spatial+patterns+on+environmental+resources%3B+the+use+of+landscape+metrics+generated+from+remote+sensing+data&rft.au=Bruce+Jones%2C+K%3BNeale%2C+Anne+C%3BNash%2C+Maliha+S%3Bvan+Remortel%2C+Rick+D%3BWickham%2C+James+D%3BRiitters%2C+Kurt+H%3BO%27Neill%2C+Robert+V%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bruce+Jones&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Brazil 2000; 31st international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - File G2405002.PDF N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biota; data bases; data management; data processing; ecology; forests; geographic information systems; information management; information systems; land use; remote sensing; spatial data; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solubility of crystalline neodymium hydroxide and hydrolysis of the trivalent Nd ion from 30 degrees to 290 degrees C AN - 51898595; 2004-006018 AB - The solubility of crystalline neodymium hydroxide was measured at temperatures from 30 degrees to 290 degrees C at saturated water vapor pressure as a function of ionic stength. The solubility of neodymium hydroxide decreases strongly with increasing temperature and the solubility product is an inverse function of temperature. From 30 degrees to 200 degrees C, the hydrated neodumium ion predominates over a wide pH range. At low temperatures, hydrolysis proceeds from the simple Nd ion to neutral Nd(OH)3 over a narrow pH range, and intermediate hydrolysis products are never predominant. At temperatures above 200 degrees C, intermediate hydrolysis products do become predominant over certain pH ranges. Our experiments suggest that trivalent Nd ion is less hydrolyzed than previously thought. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Wood, S A AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Palmer, D A AU - Benezeth, P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - August 2000 EP - unpaginated PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 31 KW - experimental studies KW - hydrolysis KW - solubility KW - neodymium hydroxide KW - ions KW - temperature KW - hydroxides KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - oxides KW - rare earths KW - neodymium KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51898595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Solubility+of+crystalline+neodymium+hydroxide+and+hydrolysis+of+the+trivalent+Nd+ion+from+30+degrees+to+290+degrees+C&rft.au=Wood%2C+S+A%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BPalmer%2C+D+A%3BBenezeth%2C+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Brazil 2000; 31st international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - File G1403049.PDF N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - experimental studies; geochemistry; hydrolysis; hydroxides; ions; laboratory studies; metals; neodymium; neodymium hydroxide; oxides; pH; rare earths; solubility; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implications of muscovite crystal chemistry and elastic properties for the formation of the slaty cleavage AN - 51831733; 2004-050267 AB - During slate formation several effects occur for muscovite: (1) phengite-content (Fm) increases, but Na/Na+K ratio, tetrahedral alfa rotation, and d(001) decrease; in contrast, a and especially b-cell dimension increase; (2) c decreases as Fm increases, but cell volume increases because the a & b increases override c decrease; (3) muscovite is more Fm, K, and Si-rich in P-domain than in the intervening Q-domains. To better interpret these observations, the interrelation among composition, crystal structure and compressibility (beta) of muscovite was considered. Key points are: (1) compressibilities and structural adjustments are related to Na/Na+K ratio (beta increasing with K-content); (2) most of the compression involves shortening of c; (3) the structural adjustments (alfa angle, dimensions of IV and VI sheets, etc. ) tend to destabilize the structure. These observations have importance for understanding the foliation of slate formation. As slate forms, platy minerals like muscovite align by some combination of rotation and recrystallization, so (001) planes are perpendicular to the direction of maximum compression. Compositional changes by muscovite segregated into P- domains indicate significant recrystallization during preferred orientation formation. Moreover, the pronounced dimensional changes accompanying the muscovite compositional changes exactly mirror the strain experienced by the rocks as slates form. Also, the intrinsic compressibility of muscovite increases measurably as K increases, thereby possibly facilitating further the ease of rock flattening. In conclusion, the above noted chemical, dimensional, and compressibility aspects of muscovite in response to the P(total) and differential stress strongly enhances its recrystallization into the highly preferred orientation typifying slates. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Guidotti, C V AU - Sassi, F P AU - Zanazzi, P F AU - Comodi, P AU - Blecoe, J G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - August 2000 EP - unpaginated PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 31 KW - silicates KW - slaty cleavage KW - elastic properties KW - muscovite KW - structural analysis KW - deformation KW - metamorphism KW - preferred orientation KW - mineral composition KW - style KW - mica group KW - metamorphic rocks KW - metasedimentary rocks KW - sheet silicates KW - foliation KW - crystallography KW - crystal chemistry KW - compression KW - chemical composition KW - chemical ratios KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51831733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Implications+of+muscovite+crystal+chemistry+and+elastic+properties+for+the+formation+of+the+slaty+cleavage&rft.au=Guidotti%2C+C+V%3BSassi%2C+F+P%3BZanazzi%2C+P+F%3BComodi%2C+P%3BBlecoe%2C+J+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Guidotti&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Brazil 2000; 31st international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - File G1004017.PDF N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical composition; chemical ratios; compression; crystal chemistry; crystallography; deformation; elastic properties; foliation; metamorphic rocks; metamorphism; metasedimentary rocks; mica group; mineral composition; muscovite; preferred orientation; sheet silicates; silicates; slaty cleavage; structural analysis; style ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Permeation dispersal of treatment agents for in situ remediation in low permeability media; 1, Field studies in unconfined test cells AN - 51399584; 2007-076553 AB - Chlorocarbons like trichloroethylene (TCE) are common contaminants of concern at US Department of Energy (DOE) facilities and industrial sites across the US and abroad. These contaminants of concern are present in source areas and in soil and ground water plumes as dissolved or sorbed phase constituents as well as dense nonaqueous-phase liquids (DNAPLs). These DNAPL compounds can be released to the environment through a variety of means including leaks in storage tanks and transfer lines, spills during transportation, and land treatment of wastes. When DNAPL compounds are present in low permeability media (LPM) like silt and clay layers or deposits, there are major challenges with assessment of their behavior and implementation of effective in situ remediation technologies. This report describes a field demonstration that was conducted at the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PORTS) Clean Test Site (CTS) to evaluate the feasibility of permeation and dispersal of reagents into LPM. Various reagents and tracers were injected at seven test cells primarily to evaluate the feasibility of delivery, but also to evaluate the effects of the injected reagents on LPM. The various reagents and tracers were injected at the PORTS CTS using a multi-port injection system (MPIS) developed and provided by Hayward Baker Environmental, Inc. JF - ORNL-TM (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) AU - Siegrist, R L AU - Smuin, D R AU - Korte, N E AU - Greene, D W AU - Pickering, D A Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - August 2000 SP - 248 PB - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN SN - 0149-5526, 0149-5526 KW - United States KW - clay KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Piketon Ohio KW - contaminant plumes KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Ohio KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - clastic sediments KW - injection KW - pollution KW - silt KW - Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - trichloroethylene KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51399584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Siegrist%2C+R+L%3BSmuin%2C+D+R%3BKorte%2C+N+E%3BGreene%2C+D+W%3BPickering%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Siegrist&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Permeation+dispersal+of+treatment+agents+for+in+situ+remediation+in+low+permeability+media%3B+1%2C+Field+studies+in+unconfined+test+cells&rft.title=Permeation+dispersal+of+treatment+agents+for+in+situ+remediation+in+low+permeability+media%3B+1%2C+Field+studies+in+unconfined+test+cells&rft.issn=01495526&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number DE2001-769366NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - TN N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC05-00OR22725 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ORTMDZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; clay; contaminant plumes; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; experimental studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; injection; nonaqueous phase liquids; Ohio; organic compounds; permeability; Piketon Ohio; pollution; Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant; remediation; sediments; silt; soils; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of elevated CO sub(2) and temperature-grown red and sugar maple on gypsy moth performance AN - 18248603; 5308977 AB - Few studies have investigated how tree species grown under elevated CO sub(2) and elevated temperature alter the performance of leaf-feeding insects. The indirect effects of an elevated CO sub(2) concentration and temperature on leaf phytochemistry, along with potential direct effects on insect growth and consumption, may independently or interactively affect insects. To investigate this, we bagged larvae of the gypsy moth on leaves of red and sugar maple growing in open-top chambers in four CO sub(2)/temperature treatment combinations: (i) ambient temperature, ambient CO sub(2); (ii) ambient temperature, elevated CO sub(2) (+ 300 mu L L super(-1) CO sub(2)); (iii) elevated temperature (+ 3.5 degree C), ambient CO sub(2); and (iv) elevated temperature, elevated CO sub(2). For both tree species, leaves grown at elevated CO sub(2) concentration were significantly reduced in leaf nitrogen concentration and increased in C: N ratio, while neither temperature nor its interaction with CO sub(2) concentration had any effect. Depending on the tree species, leaf water content declined (red maple) and carbon-based phenolics increased (sugar maple) on plants grown in an enriched CO sub(2) atmosphere. The only observed effect of elevated temperature on leaf phytochemistry was a reduction in leaf water content of sugar maple leaves. Gypsy moth larval responses were dependent on tree species. Larvae feeding on elevated CO sub(2)-grown red maple leaves had reduced growth, while temperature had no effect on the growth or consumption of larvae. No significant effects of either temperature or CO sub(2) concentration were observed for larvae feeding on sugar maple leaves. Our data demonstrate strong effects of CO sub(2) enrichment on leaf phytochemical constituents important to folivorous insects, while an elevated temperature largely has little effect. We conclude that alterations in leaf chemistry due to an elevated CO sub(2) atmosphere are more important in this plant-folivorous insect system than either the direct short-term effects of temperature on insect performance or its indirect effects on leaf chemistry. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Williams, R S AU - Norby, R J AU - Lincoln, DE AD - Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA, willmsrs@appstate.edu Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - Aug 2000 SP - 685 EP - 695 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 6 IS - 6 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Lepidoptera KW - Maples KW - Gypsy Moth KW - carbon dioxide KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Survival KW - Host plants KW - Growth KW - Acer KW - Lymantria dispar KW - Z 05203:Relations to plants KW - D 04659:Insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18248603?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+elevated+CO+sub%282%29+and+temperature-grown+red+and+sugar+maple+on+gypsy+moth+performance&rft.au=Williams%2C+R+S%3BNorby%2C+R+J%3BLincoln%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=685&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2486.2000.00343.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acer; Lymantria dispar; Host plants; Survival; Growth; Temperature effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00343.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of mercury contamination in fish to decreased aqueous concentrations and loading of inorganic mercury in a small stream AN - 17615049; 4755245 AB - Approximately 250 000 kg of mercury was lost to water and soils at the U.S. Dept. of Energy Y-12 Plant in Oak Ridge, Tennessee in the 1950s and early 1960s. A creek originating within the plant received continuous inputs of waterborne mercury, predominantly as dissolved inorganic mercury, from groundwater, streambed contamination, and sump and process water discharges to the contaminated storm sewer network. These produce aqueous total mercury concentrations of 1-2 mu g L super(-1) in the upper reaches of the stream, decreasing to about 0.1-0.2 mu g L super(-1) in its lower reaches. A program to reduce mercury concentrations in the creek identified specific sources (building sumps, contaminated springwater seeps, foundation drains, and contaminated piping) and rerouted water around contaminated portions of the drain system or collected and treated mercury-contaminated water before discharging it. As a result, waterborne mercury concentrations in the creek and total mercury loading were reduced from 1.8 mu g L super(-1) to 0.6 mu g L super(-1) and 100 to 20 g d super(-1), respectively, in the last 5 yr. Mean mercury concentrations in fish nearest source areas in the creek headwaters decreased at roughly the same rate as waterborne total mercury concentrations over the past five years, but at the facility boundary downstream the decline in mercury bioaccumulation was much less. At sites 5-15 km farther downstream, no decrease was evident. Dissolved methylmercury tended to increase with distance downstream in a pattern inverse to that noted for its dissolved inorganic mercury precursor. Improvements in water quality and modification of weirs to allow the passage of fish have resulted in the establishment of large populations of fish in mercury-contaminated headwater areas previously devoid of fish. It may be that the accumulation, retention, and eventual downstream transport of this reservoir of biologically incorporated methylmercury has acted to buffer against expected reductions in mercury in fish at downstream sites. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Southworth, G R AU - Turner, R R AU - Peterson, MJ AU - Bogle, MA AU - Ryon, M G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - Aug 2000 SP - 481 EP - 494 VL - 63 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Contamination KW - Storm Runoff KW - Pollution effects KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Freshwater KW - Stormwater runoff KW - Mercury (Organic) KW - Stream Pollution KW - Mercury-197 KW - Methylmercury KW - Methyl mercury KW - Streambeds KW - Pollution surveys KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Pollution (Surface water) KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Mercury KW - Contamination (see also Pollution) KW - Pollution (Water) KW - Runoff KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17615049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Response+of+mercury+contamination+in+fish+to+decreased+aqueous+concentrations+and+loading+of+inorganic+mercury+in+a+small+stream&rft.au=Southworth%2C+G+R%3BTurner%2C+R+R%3BPeterson%2C+MJ%3BBogle%2C+MA%3BRyon%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Southworth&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=481&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1006237610383 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methyl mercury; Bioaccumulation; Stormwater runoff; Pollution effects; Mercury; Pollution surveys; Groundwater pollution; Pollution (Groundwater); Mercury (Organic); Pollution (Surface water); Contamination (see also Pollution); Mercury-197; Pollution (Water); Runoff; Methylmercury; Streambeds; Storm Runoff; Contamination; Water Pollution Effects; Stream Pollution; Groundwater Pollution; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006237610383 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing genetic reagents to facilitate recovery, analysis, and maintenance of mouse mutations. AN - 71239948; 10886011 AB - Because the mouse has become the pre-eminent model system for functional genomics and analysis of complex-systems/pathways in mammals, there has been an escalation of interest in the generation and analysis of mouse mutations to use as tools in these analyses. I argue here for a parallel investment in continuing the development of appropriately marked chromosomal rearrangements to use as genetic reagents in mutation recovery, analysis, and maintenance crosses. Specifically, visibly marked interstitial chromosomal deletions can be valuable for regional mutagenesis screens for recessives based on hemizygosity, and they can also be used to simplify genetic fine-mapping as a prelude to gene identification based on positional cloning/candidacy strategies. Dominantly marked chromosomal inversions that also manifest some kind of recessive phenotype can be exploited in more extensive regional mutagenesis screens based on homozygosity, and are invaluable for simplified, low-cost and error-reduced mutant-stock maintenance. Also discussed are several issues concerning genetic background, particularly from the point of view of genetic-reagent resource development. JF - Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society AU - Rinchik, E M AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-8077, USA. rinchikem@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/07// PY - 2000 DA - July 2000 SP - 489 EP - 499 VL - 11 IS - 7 SN - 0938-8990, 0938-8990 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Chromosome Deletion KW - Chromosome Inversion KW - Mutation KW - Mice -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71239948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mammalian+genome+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Mammalian+Genome+Society&rft.atitle=Developing+genetic+reagents+to+facilitate+recovery%2C+analysis%2C+and+maintenance+of+mouse+mutations.&rft.au=Rinchik%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Rinchik&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2000-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=489&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mammalian+genome+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Mammalian+Genome+Society&rft.issn=09388990&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-08-29 N1 - Date created - 2000-08-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antibody-based nanoprobe for measurement of a fluorescent analyte in a single cell. AN - 71238610; 10888846 AB - We report here the application of an antibody-based nanoprobe for in situ measurements of a single cell. The nanoprobe employs antibody-based receptors targeted to a fluorescent analyte, benzopyrene tetrol (BPT), a metabolite of the carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and of the BaP-DNA adduct. Detection of BPT is of great biomedical interest, since this species can serve as a biomarker for monitoring DNA damage due to BaP exposure and for possible precancer diagnosis. The measurements were performed on the rat liver epithelial clone 9 cell line, which was used as the model cell system. Before making measurements, the cells were treated with BPT. Nanoprobes were inserted into individual cells, incubated 5 min to allow antigen-antibody binding, and then removed for fluorescence detection. We determined a concentration of 9.6+/-0.2x10(-11) M for BPT in the individual cells investigated. The results demonstrate the possibility of in situ measurements inside a single cell using an antibody-based nanoprobe. JF - Nature biotechnology AU - Vo-Dinh, T AU - Alarie, J P AU - Cullum, B M AU - Griffin, G D AD - Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Life Sciences Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge TN 37831-6101, USA. Y1 - 2000/07// PY - 2000 DA - July 2000 SP - 764 EP - 767 VL - 18 IS - 7 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Biomarkers KW - DNA Adducts KW - Pyrenes KW - benzo(a)pyrene tetrol KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Pyrenes -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Epithelium -- metabolism KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism KW - Cell Line KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- metabolism KW - Antibodies -- immunology KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence -- methods KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence -- instrumentation KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71238610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+biotechnology&rft.atitle=Antibody-based+nanoprobe+for+measurement+of+a+fluorescent+analyte+in+a+single+cell.&rft.au=Vo-Dinh%2C+T%3BAlarie%2C+J+P%3BCullum%2C+B+M%3BGriffin%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Vo-Dinh&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2000-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-10-05 N1 - Date created - 2000-10-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Root dynamics and global change: seeking an ecosystem perspective AN - 17819505; 4859249 AB - Changes in the production and turnover of roots in forests and grasslands in response to rising atmospheric CO sub(2) concentrations, elevated temperatures, altered precipitation, or nitrogen deposition could be a key link between plant responses and longer-term changes in soil organic matter and ecosystem carbon balance. Here we summarize the experimental observations, ideas, and new hypotheses developed in this area in the rest of this volume. Three central questions are posed. Do elevated atmospheric CO sub(2), nitrogen deposition, and climatic change alter the dynamics of root production and mortality? What are the consequences of root responses to plant physiological processes? What are the implications of root dynamics to soil microbial communities and the fate of carbon in soil? Ecosystem-level observations of root production and mortality in response to global change parameters are just starting to emerge. The challenge to root biologists is to overcome the profound methodological and analytical problems and assemble a more comprehensive data set with sufficient ancillary data that differences between ecosystems can be explained. The assemblage of information reported herein on global patterns of root turnover, basic root biology that controls responses to environmental variables, and new observations of root and associated microbial responses to atmospheric and climatic change helps to sharpen our questions and stimulate new research approaches. New hypotheses have been developed to explain why responses of root turnover might differ in contrasting systems, how carbon allocation to roots is controlled, and how species differences in root chemistry might explain the ultimate fate of carbon in soil. These hypotheses and the enthusiasm for pursuing them are based on the firm belief that a deeper understanding of root dynamics is critical to describing the integrated response of ecosystems to global change. JF - New Phytologist AU - Norby, R J AU - Jackson, R B AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA, rjn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/07/01/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Jul 01 SP - 3 EP - 12 VL - 147 IS - 1 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Organic matter KW - Climatic changes KW - Roots KW - Plants KW - Atmospheric conditions KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17819505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=Root+dynamics+and+global+change%3A+seeking+an+ecosystem+perspective&rft.au=Norby%2C+R+J%3BJackson%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-07-01&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climatic changes; Plants; Carbon dioxide; Organic matter; Roots; Atmospheric conditions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computational Tools For Protein Modeling AN - 17675254; 4757659 AB - Protein modeling is playing a more and more important role in protein and peptide sciences due to improvements in modeling methods, advances in computer technology, and the huge amount of biological data becoming available. Modeling tools can often predict the structure and shed some light on the function and its underlying mechanism. They can also provide insight to design experiments and suggest possible leads for drug design. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive introduction to major computer programs, especially on-line servers, for protein modeling. The review covers the following aspects: (1) protein sequence comparison, including sequence alignment/search, sequence-based protein family classification, domain parsing, and phylogenetic classification; (2) sequence annotation, including annotation/prediction of hydrophobic profiles, transmembrane regions, active sites, signaling sites, and secondary structures; (3) protein structure analysis, including visualization, geometry analysis, structure comparison/classification, dynamics, and electrostatics; (4) three-dimensional structure prediction, including homology modeling, fold recognition using threading, ab initio prediction, and docking. We will address what a user can expect from the computer tools in terms of their strengths and limitations. We will also discuss the major challenges and the future trends in the field. A collection of the links of tools can be found at http://compbio.ornl.gov/structure/resource/. JF - Current Protein & Peptide Science AU - Xu, D AU - Xu, Y AU - Uberbacher, E C AD - Computational Biosciences Section, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park Drive, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6480, USA, xud@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/07// PY - 2000 DA - Jul 2000 SP - 1 EP - 21 VL - 1 IS - 1 SN - 1389-2037, 1389-2037 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Protein engineering KW - Reviews KW - Computer applications KW - W3 33340:Other proteins, peptides, amino acids KW - W3 33000:General topics and reviews KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17675254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Protein+%26+Peptide+Science&rft.atitle=Computational+Tools+For+Protein+Modeling&rft.au=Xu%2C+D%3BXu%2C+Y%3BUberbacher%2C+E+C&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-07-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Protein+%26+Peptide+Science&rft.issn=13892037&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protein engineering; Reviews; Computer applications ER - TY - JOUR T1 - LandScan: A Global Population Database for Estimating Populations at Risk AN - 17668617; 4751330 AB - The LandScan Global Population Project produced a worldwide 1998 population database at a 30- by 30-second resolution for estimating ambient populations at risk. Best available census counts were distributed to cells based on probability coefficients which, in turn, were based on road proximity, slope, land cover, and nighttime lights. LandScan 1998 has been completed for the entire world. Verification and validation (V&V) studies were conducted routinely for all regions and more extensively for Israel, Germany, and the southwestern United States. Geographic information systems (GIS) were essential for conflation of diverse input variables, computation of probability coefficients, allocation of population to cells, and reconciliation of cell totals with aggregate (usually province) control totals. Remote sensing was an essential source of two input variables - land cover and nighttime lights - and one ancillary database - high-resolution panchromatic imagery - used in V&V of the population model and resulting LandScan database. JF - Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing AU - Dobson, JE AU - Bright, E A AU - Coleman, PR AU - Durfee, R C AU - Worley, BA AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, MS 6237, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, jed@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/07// PY - 2000 DA - Jul 2000 SP - 849 EP - 857 VL - 66 IS - 7 SN - 0099-1112, 0099-1112 KW - LandScan KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Remote sensing KW - Population dynamics KW - Geographic information systems KW - Data bases KW - Information systems KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17668617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Photogrammetric+Engineering+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=LandScan%3A+A+Global+Population+Database+for+Estimating+Populations+at+Risk&rft.au=Dobson%2C+JE%3BBright%2C+E+A%3BColeman%2C+PR%3BDurfee%2C+R+C%3BWorley%2C+BA&rft.aulast=Dobson&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2000-07-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=849&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Photogrammetric+Engineering+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=00991112&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data bases; Information systems; Geographic information systems; Remote sensing; Population dynamics; Risk assessment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enzymatic production by biohydrogen AN - 17549153; 4733071 AB - Although in theory the amount of hydrogen that could be generated from renewable sources of energy such as cellulose (a polymer of glucose) is vast, only 16-24% of the maximum stoichiometric yield of hydrogen from glucose (about 12 mol H sub(2) per mol glucose) is typically achieved by biological methods. Here we show that the enzymes of the oxidative pentose phosphate cycle can be coupled to hydrogenase purified from the bacterium Pyrococcus furiosus, one of only a few hydrogenases that use NADP super(+) as the electron carrier, to generate 11.6 mol H sub(2) per mol glucose-6-phosphate. Hydrogen produced by this pathway is the major product, unlike that produced by intermediate metabolic pathways of bacterial fermentation, and therefore has important practical implications for biohydrogen production. JF - Nature AU - Woodward, J AU - Orr, M AU - Cordray, K AU - Greenbaum, E AD - Chem. Technol. Div., Oak Ridge Natl. Lab., Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6194, USA, woodwardj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/06/30/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Jun 30 SP - 1014 EP - 1015 PB - Macmillan Journals Ltd. VL - 405 IS - 6790 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - NADP+ KW - biohydrogen KW - pentose phosphate cycle KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Fermentation KW - hydrogen KW - Hydrogenase KW - Pyrococcus furiosus KW - A 01015:Fermentation & related processes KW - W2 32550:Energy, minerals KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17549153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Enzymatic+production+by+biohydrogen&rft.au=Woodward%2C+J%3BOrr%2C+M%3BCordray%2C+K%3BGreenbaum%2C+E&rft.aulast=Woodward&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2000-06-30&rft.volume=405&rft.issue=6790&rft.spage=1014&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pyrococcus furiosus; hydrogen; Hydrogenase; Fermentation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotechnology: Enzymatic production of biohydrogen; Biotechnology: Enzymatic production of biohydrogen AN - 762271656; 13742504 AB - Although in theory the amount of hydrogen that could be generated from renewable sources of energy such as cellulose (a polymer of glucose) is vast, only 16-24% of the maximum stoichiometric yield of hydrogen from glucose (about 12 mol H sub(2) per mol glucose) is typically achieved by biological methods. Here we show that the enzymes of the oxidative pentose phosphate cycle can be coupled to hydrogenase purified from the bacterium Pyrococcus furiosus, one of only a few hydrogenases that use NADP super(+) as the electron carrier, to generate 11.6 mol H sub(2) per mol glucose-6-phosphate. Hydrogen produced by this pathway is the major product, unlike that produced by intermediate metabolic pathways of bacterial fermentation, and therefore has important practical implications for biohydrogen production. JF - Nature AU - Woodward, Jonathan AU - Orr, Mark AU - Cordray, Kimberley AU - Greenbaum, Elias AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6194, USA Y1 - 2000/06/29/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Jun 29 SP - 1014 EP - 1015 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 405 IS - 6790 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Biotechnology KW - Glucose KW - Hydrogen KW - Pyrococcus furiosus KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - A 01310:Products of Microorganisms KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762271656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Biotechnology%3A+Enzymatic+production+of+biohydrogen%3B+Biotechnology%3A+Enzymatic+production+of+biohydrogen&rft.au=Woodward%2C+Jonathan%3BOrr%2C+Mark%3BCordray%2C+Kimberley%3BGreenbaum%2C+Elias&rft.aulast=Woodward&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2000-06-29&rft.volume=405&rft.issue=6790&rft.spage=1014&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2F35016633 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Glucose; Hydrogen; Pyrococcus furiosus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35016633 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetic and mutational analyses of the regulation of phosphoribulokinase by thioredoxins. AN - 71182730; 10751409 AB - Despite little supportive data, differential target protein susceptibility to redox regulation by thioredoxin (Trx) f and Trx m has been invoked to account for two distinct Trxs in chloroplasts. However, this postulate has not been rigorously tested with phosphoribulokinase (PRK), a fulcrum for redox regulation of the Calvin cycle. Prerequisite to Trx studies, the activation of spinach PRK by dithiothreitol, 2-mercaptoethanol, and glutathione was examined. Contrary to prior reports, each activated PRK, but only dithiothreitol supported Trx-dependent activation. Comparative kinetics of activation of PRK showed Trx m to be more efficient than Trx f because of its 40% higher V(max) but similar S(0.5). Activations were insensitive to ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase, which may complex with PRK in vivo. To probe the basis for superiority of Trx m, we characterized site-directed mutants of Trx f, in which unique residues in conserved regions were replaced with Trx m counterparts or deleted. These changes generally resulted in V(max) enhancements, the largest (6-fold) of which occurred with T105I, reflective of substitution in a hydrophobic region that opposes the active site. Inclusive of the present study, activation kinetics of several different Trx-regulated enzymes indicate redundancy in the functions of the chloroplastic Trxs. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Geck, M K AU - Hartman, F C AD - University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and the Protein Engineering Program, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. Y1 - 2000/06/16/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Jun 16 SP - 18034 EP - 18039 VL - 275 IS - 24 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Chloroplast Thioredoxins KW - 0 KW - Thioredoxins KW - 52500-60-4 KW - Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) KW - EC 2.7.1.- KW - phosphoribulokinase KW - EC 2.7.1.19 KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Dithiothreitol KW - T8ID5YZU6Y KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Enzyme Activation KW - Kinetics KW - Glutathione -- metabolism KW - DNA Mutational Analysis KW - Dithiothreitol -- pharmacology KW - Chloroplasts -- chemistry KW - Molecular Weight KW - Thioredoxins -- genetics KW - Thioredoxins -- metabolism KW - Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71182730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Kinetic+and+mutational+analyses+of+the+regulation+of+phosphoribulokinase+by+thioredoxins.&rft.au=Geck%2C+M+K%3BHartman%2C+F+C&rft.aulast=Geck&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2000-06-16&rft.volume=275&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=18034&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-07-20 N1 - Date created - 2000-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiocesium discharges and subsequent environmental transport at the major US weapons production facilities. AN - 71230514; 10898395 AB - Radiocesium is one of the more prevalent radionuclides in the environment as a result of weapons production-related atomic projects in the USA and the former Soviet Union. Radiocesium discharges during the 1950s account for a large fraction of the historical releases from US weapons production facilities. Releases of radiocesium to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems during the early years of nuclear weapons production provided the opportunity to conduct multidisciplinary studies on the transport mechanisms of this potentially hazardous radionuclide. The major US Department of Energy facilities (Oak Ridge Reservation in Tennessee, Hanford Site near Richland, Washington, and Savannah River Site near Aiken, South Carolina, USA) are located in regions of the country that have different geographical characteristics. The facility siting provided diverse backgrounds for the development of an understanding of environmental factors contributing to the fate and transport of radiocesium. In this paper, we summarize the significant environmental releases of radiocesium in the early years of weapons production and then discuss the historically significant transport mechanisms for 137Cs at the three facilities that were part of the US nuclear weapons complex. JF - The Science of the total environment AU - Garten, C T AU - Hamby, D M AU - Schreckhise, R G AD - Ecological and Earth Sciences Section, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, USA. Y1 - 2000/06/08/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Jun 08 SP - 55 EP - 73 VL - 255 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Cesium Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - Index Medicus KW - History of medicine KW - Environment KW - Animals KW - Washington KW - History, 20th Century KW - South Carolina KW - Radioactive Hazard Release -- statistics & numerical data KW - Tennessee KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Radiation Monitoring KW - Cesium Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Radioactive Waste -- analysis KW - Nuclear Warfare -- history KW - Cesium Radioisotopes -- history KW - Radioactive Waste -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71230514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.atitle=Radiocesium+discharges+and+subsequent+environmental+transport+at+the+major+US+weapons+production+facilities.&rft.au=Garten%2C+C+T%3BHamby%2C+D+M%3BSchreckhise%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Garten&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2000-06-08&rft.volume=255&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-08-08 N1 - Date created - 2000-08-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of 225Ac for vascular targeted radioimmunotherapy of lung tumors. AN - 71785655; 10941530 AB - Several alpha particle emitting radioisotopes have been studied for use in radioimmunotherapy. Ac-225 has the potential advantages of a relatively long half life of 10 days, and a yield of 4 alpha emissions in its decay chain with a total energy release of approximately 28 MeV. A new, 12 coordination site chelating ligand, HEHA, has been chemically modified for coupling to targeting proteins without loss of chelating ability. HEHA was coupled with MAb 201B which binds to thrombomodulin and accumulates efficiently in murine lung. Ac-225 was bound to the HEHA-MAb 201B conjugate and injected into BALB/c mice bearing lung tumor colonies of EMT-6 mammary carcinoma. Biodistribution data at 1 and 4 h postinjection indicated that, as expected, 225Ac was delivered to lung efficiently (> 300% ID/g). The 225Ac was slowly released from the lung with an initial t1/2 = 49 h, and the released 225Ac accumulated in the liver. Injection of free HEHA was only partially successful in scavenging free 225Ac. In addition to the slow release of 225Ac from the chelate, data indicated that decay daughters of 225Ac were also released from the lung. Immediately after organ harvest, the level of 213Bi, the third alpha-decay daughter, was found to be deficient in the lungs and to be in excess in the kidney, relative to equilibrium values. Injected doses of 225Ac MAb 201B of 1.0 microCi, delivering a minimum calculated absorbed dose of about 6 Gy to the lungs, was effective in killing lung tumors, but also proved acutely radiotoxic. Animals treated with 1.0 microCi or more of the 225Ac radioconjugate died of a wasting syndrome within days with a dose dependent relationship. We conclude that the potential for 225Ac as a radioimmunotherapeutic agent is compromised not only by the slow release of 225Ac from the HEHA chelator, but most importantly by the radiotoxicity associated with decay daughter radioisotopes released from the target organ. JF - Cancer biotherapy & radiopharmaceuticals AU - Kennel, S J AU - Chappell, L L AU - Dadachova, K AU - Brechbiel, M W AU - Lankford, T K AU - Davis, I A AU - Stabin, M AU - Mirzadeh, S AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-6101, USA. kennelsj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 235 EP - 244 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 1084-9785, 1084-9785 KW - Actinium KW - NIK1K0956U KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Radiotherapy Dosage KW - Alpha Particles -- adverse effects KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Female KW - Lung Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Lung Neoplasms -- blood supply KW - Radioimmunotherapy -- adverse effects KW - Actinium -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71785655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+biotherapy+%26+radiopharmaceuticals&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+225Ac+for+vascular+targeted+radioimmunotherapy+of+lung+tumors.&rft.au=Kennel%2C+S+J%3BChappell%2C+L+L%3BDadachova%2C+K%3BBrechbiel%2C+M+W%3BLankford%2C+T+K%3BDavis%2C+I+A%3BStabin%2C+M%3BMirzadeh%2C+S&rft.aulast=Kennel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+biotherapy+%26+radiopharmaceuticals&rft.issn=10849785&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-12-06 N1 - Date created - 2000-12-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2000 Jun;15(3):219-21 [10941528] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Power frequency magnetic field exposure and gap junctional communication in Clone 9 cells. AN - 71249943; 10910159 AB - Exposure to a power-frequency magnetic field has been reported to produce a statistically significant inhibition of gap junctional communication (GJC) in Clone 9 cells that have been pre-stressed by treatment with low concentrations of chloral hydrate (CH) [C.F. Blackman, J.P. Blanchard, S.G. Benane, D.E. House, J.A. Elder, Double blind test of magnetic field effects on neurite outgrowth, Bioelectromagnetics, 19 (1998) 204-209]. This observation might provide mechanistic insight into the possible role of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) in the carcinogenic process, since cancer cells frequently show decreased or absent GJC, and tumor promoting chemicals have been observed to inhibit GJC. Magnetic field exposure conditions were 45 Hz, 23.8 microT rms + parallel DC 36.6 microT, for 30 min of exposure. The responses of Clone 9 cells to the GJC-inhibiting effects of the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate and the chemical CH were evaluated and compared to reported results [S.G. Benane, C.F. Blackman, D.E. House, Effects of perchloroethylene and its metabolites on intercellular communication in Clone 9 rat liver cells, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, 48 (1996) 427-437]. Before magnetic field exposure, cells were exposed for 24 h to either 3 (nine experiments) or 5 mM (11 experiments) CH to produce GJC of 67% or 50%, respectively, relative to unexposed controls. GJC was assessed microscopically using the scrape-loading technique and a blinded protocol. No statistically significant effect was observed due to magnetic field exposure with either CH concentration. JF - Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Griffin, G D AU - Khalaf, W AU - Hayden, K E AU - Miller, E J AU - Dowray, V R AU - Creekmore, A L AU - Carruthers, C W AU - Williams, M W AU - Gailey, P C AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, TN 37831-6101 USA. gfu@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 117 EP - 123 VL - 51 IS - 2 SN - 1567-5394, 1567-5394 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Clone Cells KW - Animals KW - Cell Line KW - Magnetics KW - Gap Junctions -- physiology KW - Cell Communication UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71249943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioelectrochemistry+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.atitle=Power+frequency+magnetic+field+exposure+and+gap+junctional+communication+in+Clone+9+cells.&rft.au=Griffin%2C+G+D%3BKhalaf%2C+W%3BHayden%2C+K+E%3BMiller%2C+E+J%3BDowray%2C+V+R%3BCreekmore%2C+A+L%3BCarruthers%2C+C+W%3BWilliams%2C+M+W%3BGailey%2C+P+C&rft.aulast=Griffin&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioelectrochemistry+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.issn=15675394&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2000-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antimony transport in hydrothermal solutions; an EXAFS study of antimony(V) complexation in alkaline sulfide and sulfide-chloride brines at temperatures from 25 degrees C to 300 degrees C at P (sub sat) AN - 52357829; 2000-042079 AB - Existing electrochemical data suggest that under alkaline conditions, Sb(V) sulfide complexes may be stable under conditions as reducing as those found in hydrothermal ore solutions. To assess the nature of Sb(V) complexes in such solutions, X-ray absorption fine structure spectra (EXAFS) of antimony(V) solutions were obtained at temperatures from 25 degrees C to 300 degrees C at pressures corresponding to the liquid-vapour equilibrium curve for H (sub 2) O. Three solution compositions were considered; Solution A consisted of 0.1 m Sb+1.15 m Na (sub 2) S; solution B had the composition of 0.05 m Sb+0.2 m NaHS+0.06 m NaOH; and solution C consisted of 0.05 m Sb+0.2 m NaHS+0.06 m NaOH+1 m NaCl. At temperatures <150 degrees C, the inner coordination shell of aqueous Sb(V) contains four sulfur atoms corresponding to the Sb(HS) (sub 4) (super +) complex. Above 150 degrees C, SH (super -) ligands are replaced by OH (super -) to form mixed-ligand Sb complexes. Antimony(V) atoms are found in a second coordination shell at temperatures greater than 250 degrees C, indicating the existence of aqueous polyatomic clusters. No antimony(V) chloride complexation was found in the presence of HS (super -) . JF - Chemical Geology AU - Sherman, David M AU - Ragnarsdottir, K Vala AU - Oelkers, Eric H A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 161 EP - 167 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - experimental studies KW - antimony KW - kermisite KW - complexing KW - aqueous solutions KW - X-ray spectra KW - temperature KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - alkalic composition KW - metals KW - stibnite KW - brines KW - spectra KW - X-ray absorption fine structure spectra KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52357829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Antimony+transport+in+hydrothermal+solutions%3B+an+EXAFS+study+of+antimony%28V%29+complexation+in+alkaline+sulfide+and+sulfide-chloride+brines+at+temperatures+from+25+degrees+C+to+300+degrees+C+at+P+%28sub+sat%29&rft.au=Sherman%2C+David+M%3BRagnarsdottir%2C+K+Vala%3BOelkers%2C+Eric+H&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900207-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalic composition; antimony; aqueous solutions; brines; complexing; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydrothermal conditions; kermisite; metals; spectra; stibnite; sulfides; temperature; X-ray absorption fine structure spectra; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00207-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Magnetite surface charge studies to 290 degrees C from in situ pH titrations AN - 52357591; 2000-042082 AB - The proton-induced surface charge of magnetite was investigated in 0.03 and 0.30 molal sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate solutions from 25 degrees C to 290 degrees C by potentiometric titrations using a stirred hydrogen electrode concentration cell. Pure magnetite with excellent crystallinity was produced by reaction with the Ni/NiO/H (sub 2) O hydrogen fugacity buffer at 500 degrees C. Inflection points in the 0.03 molal proton sorption isotherms (pH (sub infl) ) at 6.50, 6.24, 5.65, 5.47, 5.31 and 5.55 at temperatures of 50 degrees C, 100 degrees C, 150 degrees C, 200 degrees C, 250 degrees C and 290 degrees C, respectively, were used as estimates of the pristine point of zero charge (pH (sub ppzc) ) for modeling purposes. These pH (sub infl) values parallel 1/2 pK (sub w) and agree within the assigned uncertainty (+ or -0.3 pH units) at all temperatures with independent estimates of the pH (sub ppzc) calculated from an extension of 88 the revised MUSIC model. The surface charging can be adequately described by a one-pK model with a surface protonation constant fitted to the pH (sub infl) values, and giving the standard state thermodynamic properties log K (sub H,298) = 7.00, Delta H (sub 298) degrees = -32.4+ or -0.8 kJ/mol and constant Delta C (sub p) = 128+ or -16 J K (super -1) mol (super -1) , with Delta S (sub 298) degrees assumed to be equal to that of rutile protonation (25.5+ or -3.4 J K (super -1) mol (super -1) . The 0.03 and 0.30 molal proton sorption isotherms also exhibit pHs of common intersection (pH (sub cip) ) at 6.33, 5.78, 5.37, 4.82, 4.62 and 4.90 at 50 degrees C, 100 degrees C, 150 degrees C, 200 degrees C, 250 degrees C and 290 degrees C, respectively. The difference between the pH (sub cip) and pH (sub ppzc) congruent to pH (sub infl) values can be related to specific binding of Na (super +) on the negatively charged surface, which increases with increasing temperature, although the pH (sub cip) values may also be affected by dissolution of the solid. The electrical double layer model includes a basic Stern layer capacitance, with specific cation and anion binding at the Stern layer, and a fixed diffuse layer capacitance computed from Guoy-Chapman theory. To fit the steepness and asymmetry of the charging curves above the pH (sub ppzc) , an additional cation binding constant was invoked, which allows the cation to experience the surface potential. Significant kinetically controlled dissolution of magnetite was observed below the pH (sub ppzc) , which may be a result of leaching of Fe (super 2+) from the surface, to produce a magnetite+hematite assemblage, despite the high hydrogen partial pressures (ca. 10 bars) used in these experiments. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 193 EP - 229 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - cell dimensions KW - sorption KW - titration KW - in situ KW - protons KW - solution KW - ions KW - crystallinity KW - temperature KW - models KW - chemical reactions KW - hematite KW - partial pressure KW - oxides KW - two-layer models KW - mineral assemblages KW - thermodynamic properties KW - potentiometry KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - SEM data KW - pH KW - magnetite KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52357591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Magnetite+surface+charge+studies+to+290+degrees+C+from+in+situ+pH+titrations&rft.au=Wesolowski%2C+David+J%3BMachesky%2C+Michael+L%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Wesolowski&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900209-0 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cell dimensions; chemical reactions; crystallinity; geochemistry; hematite; in situ; ions; kinetics; magnetite; mineral assemblages; models; oxides; partial pressure; pH; potentiometry; protons; SEM data; solution; sorption; temperature; thermodynamic properties; titration; two-layer models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00209-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Speciation of tin (Sn (super 2+) and Sn (super 4+) ) in aqueous Cl solutions from 25 degrees C to 350 degrees C; an in situ EXAFS study AN - 52355830; 2000-042080 AB - X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopic (EXAFS) measurements were made of tin chloride solutions at temperatures from 25 degrees C to 350 degrees C. In Cl concentrations of 0.5 to 2.5 M, aqueous tin(II) forms SnCl (sub n) (super 2-n) complexes with n increasing from 3.4 at 25 degrees C to 3.9 at 250 degrees C, indicating the presence of SnCl (sub 3) (super -) and SnCl (sub 4) (super 2-) . Between 250 degrees C and 350 degrees C, SnCl (sub 4) (super 2-) is the dominant species. In oxidized Cl brines, aqueous tin(IV) occurs as the SnCl (sub 6) (super 2-) complex from 25 degrees C to 250 degrees C. Neither the SnCl (sub 4) (super 2-) nor the SnCl (sub 6) (super 2-) complexes have been previously observed. The existence of these complexes, however, implies that SnO (sub 2) will be much more soluble than predicted by previous geochemical models. In particular, oxidized acidic brines will be capable of transporting tin as tin(IV) complexes. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Sherman, David M AU - Ragnarsdottir, K Vala AU - Oelkers, Eric H AU - Collins, Clare R A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 169 EP - 176 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - halides KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - oxidation KW - complexing KW - aqueous solutions KW - tin KW - solubility KW - ions KW - X-ray spectra KW - temperature KW - metals KW - brines KW - chlorides KW - spectra KW - X-ray absorption fine structure spectra KW - crystal fractionation KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - tin chloride KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52355830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Speciation+of+tin+%28Sn+%28super+2%2B%29+and+Sn+%28super+4%2B%29+%29+in+aqueous+Cl+solutions+from+25+degrees+C+to+350+degrees+C%3B+an+in+situ+EXAFS+study&rft.au=Sherman%2C+David+M%3BRagnarsdottir%2C+K+Vala%3BOelkers%2C+Eric+H%3BCollins%2C+Clare+R&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900208-9 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; brines; chlorides; complexing; crystal fractionation; experimental studies; geochemistry; halides; in situ; ions; metals; oxidation; pH; solubility; spectra; temperature; tin; tin chloride; X-ray absorption fine structure spectra; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00208-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectrophotometric measurements of metal complex formation at high temperatures; the stability of Mn(II) chloride species AN - 52355478; 2000-042081 AB - The equilibrium formation constants of manganese(II) chloride complexes have been determined spectrophotometrically in the temperature range from 25 degrees C to 300 degrees C at saturated water vapour pressure at chloride concentrations from 0.022 to 0.80 mol kg (super -1) . Mn (super 2+) and MnCl (super +) were the only species identified at temperatures from 25 degrees C to 100 degrees C. From 150 degrees C to 300 degrees C, the uncharged MnCl (sub 2) (super 0) complex was identified and it becomes the predominant species in concentrated chloride solutions at T> or =300 degrees C. It is of interest to note that both MnCl (super +) and MnCl (sub 2) (super 0) increase considerably in stability with increasing temperature. From 25 degrees C to 300 degrees C, logbeta (sub 1) increases from 0.85 (+ or -0.08) to 4.21(+ or -0.12) and from 150 degrees C to 300 degrees C, logbeta (sub 2) changes from 0.88 (+ or -0.10) to 4.63 (+ or -0.15). With increasing temperature from 25 degrees C to 300 degrees C, the formation of MnCl (super +) is characterised by increasingly endothermic enthalpies and large positive entropies, indicative of greater electrostatic interaction. Chloride complexes will play an important role in the transport and deposition chemistry of manganese by hydrothermal fluids migrating through the Earth's crust. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Suleimenov, O M AU - Seward, Terry M A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 177 EP - 192 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - halides KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - manganese chloride KW - complexing KW - stability KW - aqueous solutions KW - manganese KW - high pressure KW - equilibrium KW - temperature KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - metals KW - chlorides KW - crystal fractionation KW - spectroscopy KW - high temperature KW - P-T conditions KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52355478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Spectrophotometric+measurements+of+metal+complex+formation+at+high+temperatures%3B+the+stability+of+Mn%28II%29+chloride+species&rft.au=Suleimenov%2C+O+M%3BSeward%2C+Terry+M&rft.aulast=Suleimenov&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2800%2900193-5 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; chlorides; complexing; crystal fractionation; equilibrium; experimental studies; halides; high pressure; high temperature; hydrothermal conditions; manganese; manganese chloride; metals; P-T conditions; pressure; spectroscopy; stability; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(00)00193-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference AN - 52355379; 2000-042067 JF - Chemical Geology A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 255 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - chemical reactions KW - symposia KW - geochemistry KW - P-T conditions KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52355379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=8th+V.+M.+Goldschmidt+conference&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; geochemistry; hydrothermal conditions; P-T conditions; symposia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dehydration/recrystallization mechanisms, energetics, and kinetics of hydrated calcium silicate minerals; an in situ TGA/DSC and synchrotron radiation SAXS/WAXS study AN - 52355288; 2000-042078 AB - The dehydration and recrystallization of the natural hydrated calcium silicates xonotlite [Ca (sub 6) Si (sub 6) O (sub 17) (OH) (sub 2) ], 11Aa anomalous tobermorite [Ca (sub 5) Si (sub 6) O (sub 16) (OH) (sub 2) .4H (sub 2) O], and hillebrandite [Ca (sub 2) SiO (sub 3) (OH) (sub 2) ] were studied in situ by dynamic heating (5 degrees C min (super -1) ) differential scanning calorimetry/thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DSC) and synchrotron small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS). All have structures based on silicate chains with a repeat unit of three tetrahedra ("dreierketten"). Room-T infrared data for the tobermorite sample suggest that it is essentially (OH)-free and that it is likely to contain double chains in addition to the normal single chain units. The in situ techniques allow the mechanisms and kinetics of dehydration and recrystallization processes to be studied directly or deduced. Xonotlite and tobermorite recrystallise to low-temperature (T)-wollastonite (CaSiO (sub 3) ) with two-phase regions existing over the temperature ranges 780-835 degrees C and 835-855 degrees C, respectively. Hillebrandite breaks down via a two-phase region between 520 degrees C and 590 degrees C to form larnite (beta -Ca (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) ) which appears to retain some (OH) in its structure. This hydroxylated larnite in turn recrystallises to alpha (sub L) '-Ca (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) between 775 degrees C and 900 degrees C. The presence of (OH) in the hydroxylated larnite appears to extend its stability limit to higher Ts than those shown for anhydrous larnite. In each case, the widths of the two-phase regions are dependent on the extents of structural changes involved. DSC data for xonotlite, hillebrandite and hydroxylated larnite give a mean energy for dehydroxylation/recrystallization of 4000+ or -1200 J/g (OH as H (sub 2) O) lost. Radius of gyration values for hillebrandite provide estimates of particle sizes up to about 640 Aa; this is believed to represent the lengthscale of domains between zones of defects formed by displacements of structural units along the dreierketten chains. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Shaw, S AU - Henderson, C M B AU - Komanschek, B U A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 141 EP - 159 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - xonotlite KW - silicates KW - in situ KW - tobermorite KW - stability KW - crystal structure KW - recrystallization KW - X-ray spectra KW - temperature KW - infrared spectra KW - calcium silicate hydrates KW - activation energy KW - chemical reactions KW - hillebrandite KW - synchrotrons KW - spectra KW - dehydration KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - high temperature KW - chain silicates KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52355288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Dehydration%2Frecrystallization+mechanisms%2C+energetics%2C+and+kinetics+of+hydrated+calcium+silicate+minerals%3B+an+in+situ+TGA%2FDSC+and+synchrotron+radiation+SAXS%2FWAXS+study&rft.au=Shaw%2C+S%3BHenderson%2C+C+M+B%3BKomanschek%2C+B+U&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900206-5 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activation energy; calcium silicate hydrates; chain silicates; chemical reactions; crystal structure; dehydration; geochemistry; high temperature; hillebrandite; in situ; infrared spectra; kinetics; recrystallization; silicates; spectra; stability; synchrotrons; temperature; tobermorite; X-ray spectra; xonotlite DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00206-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complexation of Cu (super 2+) in oxidized NaCl brines from 25 degrees C to 175 degrees C; results from in situ EXAFS spectroscopy AN - 52354811; 2000-042072 AB - In order to understand the significance of Cu (super 2+) transport in oxidized brines and in secondary enrichment processes, we studied the speciation of 0.1 M CuCl (sub 2) in 0, 2, and 5 M NaCl solutions from 25 degrees C to 175 degrees C using in situ EXAFS spectroscopy. No chloro-copper complexation is observed in solutions containing 0.2 and 2.2 M Cl at temperatures up to 75 degrees C. Between 125 degrees C and 175 degrees C, the dominant species are CuCl (super +) and CuCl (sub 2) (super 0) . At very high Cl concentrations (5 M NaCl), CuCl (super +) is the dominant species at 25 degrees C and 75 degrees C, becoming CuCl (sub 3) (super -) and CuCl (sub 4) (super 2-) at 125 degrees C. However, between 125 degrees C and 175 degrees C, there is a transition to only CuCl (super +) and CuCl (sub 2) (super 0) . This may result from the competitive ion-association of Na (super +) and Cl (super -) . CuCl (sub 4) (super 2-) may be an important species in fluids associated with the formation of red-bed copper deposits. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Collings, Matthew D AU - Sherman, David M AU - Ragnarsdottir, K Vala A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 65 EP - 73 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - copper KW - enrichment KW - complexing KW - ore-forming fluids KW - aqueous solutions KW - solution KW - metasomatism KW - temperature KW - sedimentary rocks KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - copper ores KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - spectra KW - crystal fractionation KW - pH KW - red beds KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - oxidation KW - migration of elements KW - metals KW - brines KW - metal ores KW - clastic rocks KW - high temperature KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52354811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Complexation+of+Cu+%28super+2%2B%29+in+oxidized+NaCl+brines+from+25+degrees+C+to+175+degrees+C%3B+results+from+in+situ+EXAFS+spectroscopy&rft.au=Collings%2C+Matthew+D%3BSherman%2C+David+M%3BRagnarsdottir%2C+K+Vala&rft.aulast=Collings&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900200-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; brines; clastic rocks; complexing; copper; copper ores; crystal fractionation; enrichment; experimental studies; high temperature; hydrothermal alteration; in situ; metal ores; metals; metasomatism; migration of elements; mineral deposits, genesis; ore-forming fluids; oxidation; pH; red beds; sedimentary rocks; sodium chloride; solution; spectra; temperature; X-ray fluorescence spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00200-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New experimental developments for in situ XAFS studies of chemical reactions under hydrothermal conditions AN - 52354440; 2000-042074 AB - New experimental developments for in situ X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) studies of hydrothermal systems are described. Improvements in materials of construction and the design of spectroscopic cells have allowed application of XAFS as a powerful method to derive the molecular structures of reacting species. Two different spectroscopic cells are described that are suitable for in situ XAFS studies of aqueous solutions under hydrothermal conditions. One cell consists of a titanium alloy body with a corrosion-resistant platinum-iridium insert and diamond windows for X-ray transmission. Using this cell, XAFS spectra were acquired on aqueous tungstate solutions up to 400 degrees C. The results demonstrate how XAFS can be used to study the speciation of isopolytungstates and their equilibria at high temperatures. Results from model calculations using the FEFF ab initio code are used to explain the observed spectral changes with changes in pH and temperature. The second XAFS cell consists of a simple fused-silica capillary having a 180 mu m inner diameter. High-quality spectra of a 0.2 molal nickel bromide solution were collected in these small capillaries demonstrating the feasibility of the approach to the study of a wide range of geochemical systems. Further, the XAFS spectra show that the nickel bromide solution irreversibly reacts with the fused-silica capillary at 425 degrees C. Based upon these observations, a potential use of the fused-silica capillary is suggested for in situ studies of silicate formation, or, in general, for studies of chemical interactions of hydrothermal brine solutions with quartz. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Hoffmann, Markus M AU - Darab, John G AU - Heald, Steve M AU - Yonker, Clement R AU - Fulton, John L A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 89 EP - 103 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - silicates KW - silica minerals KW - X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy KW - aqueous solutions KW - tungstates KW - platinum group KW - iridium KW - temperature KW - chemical reactions KW - diamond KW - X-ray analysis KW - framework silicates KW - crystal fractionation KW - pH KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - native elements KW - samples KW - new methods KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - molecular structure KW - titanium KW - platinum KW - metals KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - quartz KW - nickel bromide KW - spectroscopy KW - sodium tungstate KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52354440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=New+experimental+developments+for+in+situ+XAFS+studies+of+chemical+reactions+under+hydrothermal+conditions&rft.au=Hoffmann%2C+Markus+M%3BDarab%2C+John+G%3BHeald%2C+Steve+M%3BYonker%2C+Clement+R%3BFulton%2C+John+L&rft.aulast=Hoffmann&rft.aufirst=Markus&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900202-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; chemical reactions; crystal fractionation; diamond; experimental studies; framework silicates; hydrothermal conditions; in situ; iridium; metals; molecular structure; native elements; new methods; nickel bromide; pH; platinum; platinum group; quartz; samples; silica minerals; silicates; sodium tungstate; spectroscopy; temperature; titanium; tungstates; X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy; X-ray analysis; X-ray spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00202-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potentiometric study of Gd- and Yb-acetate complexing in the temperature range 25-80 degrees C AN - 52354402; 2000-042073 AB - The stability of aqueous complexes formed by gadolinium (Gd (super 3+) ) and ytterbium (Yb (super 3+) ) aqueous species with the acetate ion (AcO (super -) ) was investigated at 25 degrees C, 40 degrees C, 60 degrees C and 80 degrees C, and saturated vapor pressure, using potentiometric measurements. In the large range of [AcO] (sub T) /[REE] (sub T) molal ratio investigated (1 to 120), the results are interpreted in terms of the formation of two complexes, REEAcO (super 2-) and REE(AcO) (sub 2) (super -) (where REE denotes Gd or Yb). The corresponding association constants beta (sub 11) and beta (sub 12) that we proposed are successfully used to predict high Gd(OH) (sub 3) (cr) solubilities measured in acetate containing solutions in this study. The data show an increasing stability of the REE-acetate complexes with increasing temperature. The regression of the obtained association constant values using either a linear equation or a simplified formulation of the revised HKF thermodynamic model allows the retrieval of thermodynamic properties for the aqueous complexes. Combining these results with those obtained with lanthanum in a previous study [Deberdt, S., Castet, S., Dandurand, J. L., Harrichoury, J. C., Louiset, I., 1998. Experimental study of La(OH) (sub 3) and Gd(OH) (sub 3) solubilities (25 to 150 degrees C), and La-acetate complexing (25 to 80 degrees C). Chem. Geol. 151, 349-372.] demonstrates that the stability of the REE-AcO (super -) complexes increases from La to Gd, then decreases to Yb. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Deberdt, Samuel AU - Castet, Sylvie AU - Dandurand, Jean-Louis AU - Harrichoury, Jean-Claude A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 75 EP - 88 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - esters KW - experimental studies KW - acetates KW - complexing KW - stability KW - mathematical models KW - aqueous solutions KW - solubility KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - gadolinium KW - metals KW - ytterbium KW - rare earths KW - thermodynamic properties KW - potentiometry KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - P-T conditions KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52354402?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Potentiometric+study+of+Gd-+and+Yb-acetate+complexing+in+the+temperature+range+25-80+degrees+C&rft.au=Deberdt%2C+Samuel%3BCastet%2C+Sylvie%3BDandurand%2C+Jean-Louis%3BHarrichoury%2C+Jean-Claude&rft.aulast=Deberdt&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900201-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetates; aqueous solutions; complexing; esters; experimental studies; gadolinium; geochemistry; mathematical models; metals; models; organic compounds; P-T conditions; pH; potentiometry; rare earths; solubility; stability; thermodynamic properties; ytterbium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00201-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrothermal formation of the calcium silicate hydrates, tobermorite (Ca (sub 5) Si (sub 6) O (sub 16) (OH) (sub 2) .4H (sub 2) O) and xonotlite (Ca (sub 6) Si (sub 6) O (sub 17) (OH) (sub 2) ); an in situ synchrotron study AN - 52354282; 2000-042077 AB - In situ energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques have been employed to study the hydrothermal formation of crystalline tobermorite and xonotlite. Alkoxide gels of tobermorite composition with varying aluminium contents (Al/(Al+Si) = 0 to 0.15) were reacted with a saturated calcium hydroxide solution at temperatures varying from 190 degrees C to 310 degrees C on the saturated vapour pressure curve. Reaction products consisted of tobermorite, xonotlite or a mixture of both. Tobermorite is stabilised by increasing aluminium content and decreasing temperature, whereas xonotlite forms at higher temperature and lower aluminium contents. Reaction times ranged from 3 to 5 h, with the first Bragg peaks forming within the first 10 min. The formation mechanism involves a two-stage process. Firstly, a poorly crystalline C-S-H gel phase forms, which has good periodicity parallel to the ab plane but is poorly ordered parallel to the c direction. The second stage involves the ordering of the C-S-H gel along the (001) direction to form ordered crystalline tobermorite or xonotlite. Kinetic analysis indicates that the reaction rate is increased with increasing aluminium content and increasing temperature. Activation energies for these reactions at different aluminium contents were calculated from two datasets; firstly, from the change in 2theta position of the tobermorite(220)/xonotlite(320) peak during the reaction (19-30 kJ/mol) and secondly, from the rate at which the background hump intensity decreases for each experiment (26-33 kJ/mol). JF - Chemical Geology AU - Shaw, S AU - Clark, S M AU - Henderson, C M B A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 129 EP - 140 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - xonotlite KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - tobermorite KW - stability KW - techniques KW - X-ray diffraction analysis KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - calcium silicate hydrates KW - activation energy KW - chemical reactions KW - X-ray analysis KW - mineralization KW - crystallization KW - synchrotrons KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - synthetic materials KW - chain silicates KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52354282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Hydrothermal+formation+of+the+calcium+silicate+hydrates%2C+tobermorite+%28Ca+%28sub+5%29+Si+%28sub+6%29+O+%28sub+16%29+%28OH%29+%28sub+2%29+.4H+%28sub+2%29+O%29+and+xonotlite+%28Ca+%28sub+6%29+Si+%28sub+6%29+O+%28sub+17%29+%28OH%29+%28sub+2%29+%29%3B+an+in+situ+synchrotron+study&rft.au=Shaw%2C+S%3BClark%2C+S+M%3BHenderson%2C+C+M+B&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900205-3 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activation energy; calcium silicate hydrates; chain silicates; chemical reactions; crystallization; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydrothermal conditions; in situ; kinetics; mineralization; silicates; stability; synchrotrons; synthetic materials; techniques; tobermorite; X-ray analysis; X-ray diffraction analysis; xonotlite DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00205-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reaction pathways in the Fe-S system below 100 degrees C AN - 52354069; 2000-042070 AB - The formation pathways of pyrite are controversial. Time resolved experiments show that in reduced sulphur solutions at low temperature, the iron monosulphide mackinawite is stable for up to 4 months. Below 100 degrees C, the rate of pyrite formation from a precursor mackinawite is insignificant in solutions equilibrated solely with H (sub 2) S (sub (aq)) . Mackinawite serves as a precursor to pyrite formation only in more oxidised solutions. Controlled, intentional oxidation experiments below 100 degrees C and over a wide range of pH (3.3-12) confirm that the mackinawite to pyrite transformation occurs in slightly oxidising environments. The conversion to pyrite is a multi-step reaction process involving changes in aqueous sulphur species causing solid state transformation of mackinawite to pyrite via the intermediate monosulphide greigite. Oxidised surfaces of precursors or of pyrite seeds speed up the transformation reaction. Solution compositions from the ageing experiments were used to derive stability constants for mackinawite from 25 degrees C to 95 degrees C for the reaction; FeS(s)+2H (super +) Fe (super 2+) +H (sub 2) S. The values of the equilibrium constant, logK (sub FeS) , varied from 3.1 at 25 degrees C to 1.2 at 95 degrees C and fit a linear, temperature-dependent equation; logK (sub FeS) = 2848.779/T-6.347, with T in Kelvin. From these constants, the thermodynamic functions were derived. These are the first high temperature data for the solubility of mackinawite, where Fe (super 2+) is the dominant aqueous ferrous species in reduced, weakly acidic to acidic solutions. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Benning, Liane G AU - Wilkin, Rick T AU - Barnes, H L A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 25 EP - 51 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - stability KW - aqueous solutions KW - temperature KW - mackinawite KW - enthalpy KW - chemical reactions KW - time factor KW - greigite KW - mineralization KW - reduction KW - thermodynamic properties KW - crystal fractionation KW - pH KW - marcasite KW - experimental studies KW - strength KW - oxidation KW - solubility KW - equilibrium KW - iron sulfides KW - low temperature KW - pyrite KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - SEM data KW - high temperature KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52354069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Reaction+pathways+in+the+Fe-S+system+below+100+degrees+C&rft.au=Benning%2C+Liane+G%3BWilkin%2C+Rick+T%3BBarnes%2C+H+L&rft.aulast=Benning&rft.aufirst=Liane&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900198-9 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystal fractionation; enthalpy; equilibrium; experimental studies; greigite; high temperature; iron sulfides; low temperature; mackinawite; marcasite; mineralization; oxidation; pH; pyrite; reduction; SEM data; solubility; stability; strength; sulfides; temperature; thermodynamic properties; time factor DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00198-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potentiometric determination of cadmium-acetate complexation in aqueous solutions to 250 degrees C AN - 52354034; 2000-042069 AB - The molal formation quotients of cadmium-acetate complexes were measured potentiometrically (hydrogen-electrode concentration cell) from 50 to 250 degrees C at ionic strengths of 0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 molal in aqueous sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate (NaTr) media. Two cadmium-acetate species, namely Cd(Ac) (super +) and Cd(Ac) (sub 2) degrees , were identified by regressional analysis of the data. Their formation quotients were modeled by empirical equations to describe their temperature and ionic strength dependencies. The thermodynamic quantities, obtained by differentiating these equations with respect to temperature at 25 degrees C and at infinite dilution are for Cd(Ac) (super +) : logK (sub 1) = 1.96+ or -0.24, Delta H degrees = -17+ or -17 kJ.mol (super -1) , Delta S degrees = -21+ or -53 J.K (super -1) .mol (super -1) and Delta Cp degrees = 660+ or -370 J.K (super -1) .mol (super -1) ; and for Cd(Ac) (sub 2) degrees : logK (sub 2) = 3.15+ or -0.10, Delta H degrees = 4+ or -14 kJ.mol (super -1) , Delta S degrees = 75+ or -47 J.K (super -1) .mol (super -1) and Delta Cp degrees = -400+ or -260 J.K (super -1) .mol (super -1) . JF - Chemical Geology AU - Benezeth, Pascale AU - Palmer, Donald A A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 11 EP - 24 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - esters KW - experimental studies KW - acetates KW - strength KW - complexing KW - stability KW - aqueous solutions KW - ions KW - temperature KW - organic compounds KW - ligands KW - metals KW - cadmium KW - thermodynamic properties KW - crystal fractionation KW - potentiometry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52354034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Potentiometric+determination+of+cadmium-acetate+complexation+in+aqueous+solutions+to+250+degrees+C&rft.au=Benezeth%2C+Pascale%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A&rft.aulast=Benezeth&rft.aufirst=Pascale&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900197-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetates; aqueous solutions; cadmium; complexing; crystal fractionation; esters; experimental studies; ions; ligands; metals; organic compounds; potentiometry; stability; strength; temperature; thermodynamic properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00197-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The aqueous geochemistry of the rare earth elements IX; a potentiometric study of Nd (super 3+) complexation with acetate in 0.1 molal NaCl solution from 25 degrees C to 225 degrees C AN - 52353333; 2000-042083 AB - The concentration quotients for the following reactions with acetate have been measured at temperatures from 25 degrees C to 225 degrees C, at saturated water vapor pressure, and in 0.1 molal NaCl medium, using a potentiometric method; Nd (super 3+) +Ac (super -) = NdAc (super 2+) , Nd (super 3+) +2Ac (super -) = NdAc (sub 2) (super +) . The concentration quotients for both of these reactions increase strongly with increasing temperature. The values of these constants obtained at 25 degrees C are in good agreement with those reported in the literature for both NaCl and NaClO (sub 4) media, indicating that complexation of Nd (super 3+) by chloride is weak at room temperature. The concentration quotients were corrected for complexation by chloride using experimentally determined stability constants from the literature; these calculations confirmed the lack of a significant effect due to chloride complexation at 25 degrees C, but showed that the effect becomes more important with increasing temperature. Extrapolation of the chloride-corrected concentration quotients to zero ionic strength using an extended Debye-Hueckel expression yielded values of the stability constants for the first and second complexation steps that are significantly higher than theoretical estimates reported in the literature. Our data show that Nd-acetate complexes are considerably more stable than Nd-chloride complexes, but that the stability constants for both systems exhibit very similar temperature dependences. In sedimentary basinal brines REE (rare earth elements)-acetate complexes may predominate over REE-chloride complexes, even where chloride is present in greater concentrations than acetate. However, oxalate, fluoride, or carbonate complexes could be more important than either acetate or chloride if the concentrations of the former ligands are relatively high. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Wood, Scott A AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Palmer, Donald A A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 231 EP - 253 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - halides KW - complexing KW - stability KW - hydrolysis KW - aqueous solutions KW - temperature KW - acetic acid KW - chlorides KW - carboxylic acids KW - rare earths KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - esters KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - acetates KW - titration KW - equilibrium KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - metals KW - brines KW - Debye-Huckel method KW - neodymium KW - potentiometry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52353333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=The+aqueous+geochemistry+of+the+rare+earth+elements+IX%3B+a+potentiometric+study+of+Nd+%28super+3%2B%29+complexation+with+acetate+in+0.1+molal+NaCl+solution+from+25+degrees+C+to+225+degrees+C&rft.au=Wood%2C+Scott+A%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900210-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetates; acetic acid; aqueous solutions; brines; carboxylic acids; chlorides; complexing; Debye-Huckel method; equilibrium; esters; experimental studies; geochemistry; halides; hydrolysis; metals; neodymium; organic acids; organic compounds; potentiometry; rare earths; sodium chloride; stability; temperature; thermodynamic properties; titration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00210-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrothermal diamond anvil cell for XAFS studies of first-row transition elements in aqueous solution up to supercritical conditions AN - 52352863; 2000-042068 AB - A hydrothermal diamond anvil cell (HDAC) has been modified by drilling holes with a laser to within 150 mu m of the anvil face to minimize the loss of X-rays due to absorption and scatter by diamond. This modification enables acquisition of K-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra from first-row transition metal ions in aqueous solutions at temperatures ranging from 25 degrees C to 660 degrees C and pressures up to 800 MPa. These pressure-temperature (P-T) conditions are more than sufficient for carrying out experimental measurements that can provide data valuable in the interpretation of fluid inclusions in minerals found in ore-forming hydrothermal systems as well as other important lithospheric processes involving water. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Bassett, William A AU - Anderson, Alan J AU - Mayanovic, Robert A AU - Chou, I Ming A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 3 EP - 10 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - methods KW - zinc KW - ore-forming fluids KW - aqueous solutions KW - metasomatism KW - iron KW - absorption KW - inclusions KW - diamond KW - X-ray analysis KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - kinetics KW - P-T conditions KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - native elements KW - high pressure KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - physical properties KW - X-ray data KW - metals KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - fluid inclusions KW - anvil cells KW - spectroscopy KW - accuracy KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52352863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Hydrothermal+diamond+anvil+cell+for+XAFS+studies+of+first-row+transition+elements+in+aqueous+solution+up+to+supercritical+conditions&rft.au=Bassett%2C+William+A%3BAnderson%2C+Alan+J%3BMayanovic%2C+Robert+A%3BChou%2C+I+Ming&rft.aulast=Bassett&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900196-5 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; accuracy; anvil cells; aqueous solutions; chemical fractionation; diamond; experimental studies; fluid inclusions; high pressure; hydrothermal alteration; hydrothermal conditions; inclusions; iron; kinetics; metals; metasomatism; methods; native elements; ore-forming fluids; P-T conditions; physical properties; pressure; spectroscopy; X-ray analysis; X-ray data; X-ray spectroscopy; zinc DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00196-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reference systems for assessing viability and accuracy of pH sensors in high temperature subcritical and supercritical aqueous solutions AN - 52352803; 2000-042075 AB - This paper describes an effort in developing reference systems to be used in high temperature subcritical and supercritical aqueous solutions for assessing the viability and accuracy of high-temperature pH sensors. Each of these reference systems consists of a couple of three-component aqueous solutions in which the concentration of NaCl is greater than the concentration of another solute, such as HCl and NaOH. The viability of the reference systems was tested using the recently published experimental data employing a flow-through electrochemical cell at temperatures from 25 degrees C to 400 degrees C and densities from 0.17 to 1 g cm (super -3) [S. N. Lvov, X. Y. Zhou, and A. V. Bandura, 1999a, Estimation of isothermal potential for HCl/NaCl and NaOH/NaCl systems in high temperatures supercritical aqueous solutions, J. Supercrit. Fluids, in preparation; S. N. Lvov, X. Y. Zhou, and D. D. Macdonald, 1999, Flow-through electrochemical cell for accurate pH measurements at temperature up to 400 degrees C, J. Electroanal. Chem., 463, 146-156]. The applicability of the method was tested for dilute (0.01 and 0.001 mol kg (super -1) ) HCl aqueous solutions having background NaCl electrolyte in the amount of 0.1 mol kg (super -1) . The most significant property of the reference systems is that the pH difference, and hence, the cell potential, can easily be estimated with sufficient accuracy using only the analytical concentrations of the electrolytes without considering the speciation calculations, given the fact that the association and dissociation constants at supercritical temperatures have not been accurately determined yet. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Lvov, S N AU - Zhou, X Y AU - Ulyanov, S M AU - Bandura, A V A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 105 EP - 115 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - concentration KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - density KW - mathematical models KW - aqueous solutions KW - subcritical solutions KW - temperature KW - supercritical solutions KW - standard materials KW - mathematical methods KW - accuracy KW - pH KW - high temperature KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52352803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Reference+systems+for+assessing+viability+and+accuracy+of+pH+sensors+in+high+temperature+subcritical+and+supercritical+aqueous+solutions&rft.au=Lvov%2C+S+N%3BZhou%2C+X+Y%3BUlyanov%2C+S+M%3BBandura%2C+A+V&rft.aulast=Lvov&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900203-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; aqueous solutions; concentration; density; experimental studies; high temperature; mathematical methods; mathematical models; pH; sodium chloride; standard materials; subcritical solutions; supercritical solutions; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00203-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indium(III) chloride complexing and solvation in hydrothermal solutions to 350 degrees C; an EXAFS study AN - 52352498; 2000-042076 AB - X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements on indium(III) nitrate and perchlorate solutions from 25 degrees C to 250 degrees C at the saturated vapour pressure indicate that the In (super 3+) -oxygen (water) distance remains constant at 2.14 (+ or -0.01) Aa with an octahedral configuration. In 1.00 m HClO (sub 4) solutions, the formation of the In (super 3+) -perchlorate ion pair, In(ClO (sub 4) )(H (sub 2) O) (sub 5) (super 2+) , was detected in which the In (super 3+) -chlorine (perchlorate) distance varied from 3.14 to 3.12 Aa with increasing temperature to 250 degrees C. In 0.10 m HCl solutions at 25 degrees C, octahedrally coordinated InCl (sub n) (H (sub 2) O) (sub 6-n) (super 3-n) (0< or =n< or =4) complexes are present in which the In (super 3+) -chloride and -oxygen (water) distances are 2.40 and 2.13 Aa, respectively. With increasing temperature to 300 degrees C, the complex geometry becomes predominantly tetrahedral with the formation of InCl (sub 4) (super -) having an In (super 3+) -chloride distance of approximately 2.37 Aa. In concentrated 1.00 m InCl (sub 3) (no added HCl) solutions, indium-indium interactions (4.10 Aa) were also noted together with enhanced In (super 3+) -oxygen distance contraction (i.e., 2.18 to 2.10 Aa) in the temperature range from 25 degrees C to 300 degrees C due to the loss of two water molecules from the first shell environment, leaving a more tightly bound OH (super -) ligand. The data demonstrate the lack of contraction of the octahedral hydration shell of the aquated In (super 3+) ion up to 300 degrees C as well as the predominance of the tetrahedrally coordinated tetrachloroindium(III) species in chloride solutions at 350 degrees C at the saturated vapour pressure. Indium chloride and hydroxy chloride complexes will play an important role in indium transport by hydrothermal fluids in the earth's crust. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Seward, Terry M AU - Henderson, C M B AU - Charnock, J M A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 117 EP - 127 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - halides KW - indium chloride KW - complexing KW - aqueous solutions KW - ions KW - X-ray spectra KW - perchlorate KW - temperature KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - hydration KW - X-ray absorption spectra KW - ligands KW - indium KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - indium nitrate KW - chlorides KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - P-T conditions KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52352498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Indium%28III%29+chloride+complexing+and+solvation+in+hydrothermal+solutions+to+350+degrees+C%3B+an+EXAFS+study&rft.au=Seward%2C+Terry+M%3BHenderson%2C+C+M+B%3BCharnock%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Seward&rft.aufirst=Terry&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900204-1 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; chemical reactions; chlorides; complexing; geochemistry; halides; hydration; hydrothermal conditions; indium; indium chloride; indium nitrate; ions; ligands; metals; P-T conditions; perchlorate; spectra; temperature; X-ray absorption spectra; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00204-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ time-resolved X-ray diffraction of iron sulfides during hydrothermal pyrite growth AN - 52352478; 2000-042071 AB - Pyrite formation under hydrothermal conditions has been studied using in situ time-resolved X-ray diffraction (XRD). This study employed two different synchrotron X-ray sources (National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS), Advanced Photon Source (APS); Brookhaven and Argonne National Laboratories, USA, respectively) and two types of reaction cells (capillary and hydrothermal autoclave type) to examine reactions in the Fe-S system under both anoxic and controlled oxic conditions. Starting materials were mackinawite slurries equilibrated in reduced, H (sub 2) S (sub (aq)) solutions and heated to a maximum of 190 degrees C. The results show that under fully anoxic conditions, mackinawite persists to at least 120 degrees C, while aerated (oxic) slurries transform rapidly to greigite, pyrite, magnetite and goethite. Possible reaction mechanisms are discussed in light of these results. These experiments are the first application of previously described in situ reaction cells to anoxic and oxic reactions in the Fe-S system. Finally, the capabilities of each cell type and their applicability to other systems are discussed. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Cahill, C L AU - Benning, Liane G AU - Barnes, H L AU - Parise, J B A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 53 EP - 63 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - experimental studies KW - goethite KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - oxidation KW - crystal growth KW - metasomatism KW - samples KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - mackinawite KW - pseudomorphism KW - chemical reactions KW - iron sulfides KW - time factor KW - greigite KW - oxides KW - mineralization KW - pyrite KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - P-T conditions KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52352478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=In+situ+time-resolved+X-ray+diffraction+of+iron+sulfides+during+hydrothermal+pyrite+growth&rft.au=Cahill%2C+C+L%3BBenning%2C+Liane+G%3BBarnes%2C+H+L%3BParise%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Cahill&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900199-0 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystal growth; experimental studies; geochemistry; goethite; greigite; hydrothermal alteration; hydrothermal conditions; iron sulfides; mackinawite; magnetite; metasomatism; mineralization; oxidation; oxides; P-T conditions; pseudomorphism; pyrite; samples; sulfides; time factor; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00199-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ligand-induced dissolution and release of ferrihydrite colloids AN - 52337247; 2000-050918 AB - The results are presented of laboratory experiments on the processes of Fe-oxide particle release from porous media by an infiltrating organic solution. The complexity of conditions under field studies had previously inhibited the determination of mechanisms and rates of the processes in the recovery of Fe-oxide particles from dissolution and transport in groundwaters. Ferrihydrite-coated quartz and small organic compounds were used to model the field system and the experiments were designed to describe the release of Fe(III)-oxide particles in relation to the ligand-assisted dissolution. The results show that citrate dissolved ferrihydrite at initial rates relate positively to the adsorption density due to surface complexation. From ascorbate dissolution experiments, Fe(II) is the major dissolution product and in a flow-through system Fe(III) in the effluent may provide a good indication of the amounts of ferrihydrite colloids and of dissolution in colloid mobilization. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Hofmann, Annette AU - Gu, Baohua Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 2027 EP - 2037 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 64 IS - 12 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - citrate KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - iron oxides KW - mineral-water interface KW - adsorption KW - solution KW - ferrihydrite KW - electrochemical properties KW - iron KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - ligands KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - ascorbate KW - oxides KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52337247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Ligand-induced+dissolution+and+release+of+ferrihydrite+colloids&rft.au=Liang%2C+Liyuan%3BHofmann%2C+Annette%3BGu%2C+Baohua&rft.aulast=Liang&rft.aufirst=Liyuan&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2027&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2800%2900349-5 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Oak Ridge Natl. Lab., Environ. Sci. Div., Publ. No. 4981 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aquifers; ascorbate; citrate; colloidal materials; dissolved materials; electrochemical properties; experimental studies; ferrihydrite; geochemistry; ground water; iron; iron oxides; laboratory studies; ligands; metals; mineral-water interface; organic compounds; oxides; pH; solution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(00)00349-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The contrasting responses of muscovite and paragonite to increasing pressure; petrological implications AN - 52316439; 2000-066371 AB - Although the incorporation of Fe, Mg and Si into muscovite in response to increasing P is well known and has been calibrated as a geobarometer for high-P parageneses, in contrast little or no (Mg + Fe (sub tot) ) substitutes into paragonite regardless of P. Drawing upon the implications of studies combining high-P refinement of the crystal structures and measurement of compressibility, it is suggested that high P causes structural changes in low (Mg + Fe (sub tot) ) muscovite that destabilize it. Implementation of such (Mg + Fe (sub tot) ) substitution, however, facilitates structural adjustments, which reduce this instability. In contrast, paragonite is not only intrinsically less compressible than muscovite, but any substantial amount of (Mg + Fe (sub tot) ) would destabilize it. JF - The Canadian Mineralogist AU - Guidotti, Charles V AU - Sassi, Francesco P AU - Comodi, Paola AU - Zanazzi, Pier Francesco AU - Blencoe, James G Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 707 EP - 712 PB - Mineralogical Association of Canada, Ottawa, ON VL - 38, Part 3 SN - 0008-4476, 0008-4476 KW - silicates KW - mineral interlayer KW - concentration KW - refinement KW - pressure KW - muscovite KW - stability KW - crystal structure KW - high pressure KW - variations KW - celadonite KW - mica group KW - sheet silicates KW - paragonite KW - crystal chemistry KW - compressibility KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52316439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=The+contrasting+responses+of+muscovite+and+paragonite+to+increasing+pressure%3B+petrological+implications&rft.au=Guidotti%2C+Charles+V%3BSassi%2C+Francesco+P%3BComodi%2C+Paola%3BZanazzi%2C+Pier+Francesco%3BBlencoe%2C+James+G&rft.aulast=Guidotti&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=38%2C+Part+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=707&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.issn=00084476&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mineralogicalassociation.ca/template/EJournal/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAMIA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - celadonite; compressibility; concentration; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; high pressure; mica group; mineral interlayer; muscovite; paragonite; pressure; refinement; sheet silicates; silicates; stability; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adsorption and transport of uranium (VI) in subsurface media AN - 50314924; 2001-032860 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Barnett, M O AU - Jardine, P M AU - Brooks, S C AU - Selim, H M Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 908 EP - 917 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 64 IS - 3 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - silicates KW - South Carolina KW - silica minerals KW - one-dimensional models KW - complexing KW - McBean Formation KW - remediation KW - Cenozoic KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - weathered materials KW - movement KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - framework silicates KW - valency KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - Eocene KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Paleogene KW - adsorption KW - uranium VI KW - models KW - Tertiary KW - Inceptisols KW - batch method KW - heterogeneous materials KW - isotherms KW - metals KW - quartz KW - Columbia Plateau KW - uranium KW - column method KW - Savannah River Site KW - actinides KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50314924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Adsorption+and+transport+of+uranium+%28VI%29+in+subsurface+media&rft.au=Barnett%2C+M+O%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BSelim%2C+H+M&rft.aulast=Barnett&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=908&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; adsorption; Atlantic Coastal Plain; batch method; Cenozoic; Columbia Plateau; column method; complexing; Eocene; experimental studies; framework silicates; geochemistry; Hanford Site; heterogeneous materials; Inceptisols; isotherms; kinetics; laboratory studies; McBean Formation; metals; models; movement; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; one-dimensional models; Paleogene; pH; pollutants; pollution; quartz; remediation; Savannah River Site; sediments; silica minerals; silicates; soils; solute transport; South Carolina; Tennessee; Tertiary; transport; United States; uranium; uranium VI; valency; Washington; weathered materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrogen Saturation and Soil N Availability in a High-Elevation Spruce and Fir Forest AN - 17608038; 4740765 AB - A field study was conducted during the summer of 1995 to gain a better understanding of the causes of nitrate (NO sub(3)-N) leaching and ongoing changes in soil nitrogen (N) availability in high-elevation (1524-2000 m) spruce (Picea rubens) and fir (Abies fraseri) forests of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee and North Carolina, U.S.A. Indicators of soil N availability (total soil N concentrations, extractable NH sub(4)-N, extractable NO sub(3)-N, and C /N ratios) were measured in Oa and A horizons at 33 study plots. Dynamic measures included potential net soil N mineralization determined in 12-week aerobic laboratory incubations at 22 degree C. Potential net nitrification in the A horizon was correlated (r = +0.83, P < 0.001) with total soil N concentrations. Most measures of soil N availability did not exhibit significant trends with elevation, but there were topographic differences. Potential net soil N mineralization and net nitrification in the A horizon were higher in coves than on ridges. Relative amounts of particulate and organomineral soil organic matter influenced potential net N mineralization and nitrification in the A horizon. Calculations indicate that soil N availability and NO sub(3)-N leaching in high-elevation spruce and fir forests of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park will increase in response to regional warming. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Garten Jr, CT AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038, U.S.A., ctg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - Jun 2000 SP - 295 EP - 313 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 120 IS - 3-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Abies fraseri KW - Picea rubens KW - USA, Great Smoky Mts. Natl. Park KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Leaching KW - Nitrates KW - National parks KW - Forests KW - Mineralization KW - Soil KW - Nitrification KW - Nitrogen KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17608038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Nitrogen+Saturation+and+Soil+N+Availability+in+a+High-Elevation+Spruce+and+Fir+Forest&rft.au=Garten+Jr%2C+CT&rft.aulast=Garten+Jr&rft.aufirst=CT&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1005270012802 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forests; Nitrogen; Nitrates; Leaching; Soil; National parks; Mineralization; Nitrification DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005270012802 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Decision Making in the Face of Uncertainty AN - 17552335; 4732348 AB - The purpose of this article is to help environmental practitioners deal with uncertainty. A simple model is presented that distinguishes between uncertainties about fact--past, present, and future--and indecision about what to do. To help environmental practitioners deal with these two problems, four tools or conceptual aides are presented. First presented is the "source of uncertainty" analysis method, which can help environmental practitioners understand the sources of uncertainty about facts. Second, a conceptual discussion of imprecise probability is presented to provide environmental practitioners with a method for understanding how to represent uncertainty quantitatively. The third tool presented is known as comprehensive life cycle analysis, which is a methodology to help environmental practitioners assess the full impacts of potential environmental decisions over multiple criteria and time. Fourth, a decision process framework is presented to help environmental practitioners understand when and how uncertainty and indecision can be attacked. The paper includes a discussion about how these four tools can be used by environmental practitioners to overcome seven common everyday problems they may face when confronted with the need to make environmental decisions under uncertainty. The paper also applies the four tools and relates the seven problems to the example of tropospheric ozone. JF - Environmental Practice AU - Tonn, B E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4500, PO Box 2001, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, bet@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - Jun 2000 SP - 188 EP - 202 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1466-0466, 1466-0466 KW - decision making KW - uncertainty KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Troposphere KW - Environmental protection KW - Environment management KW - Ozone KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17552335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Practice&rft.atitle=Environmental+Decision+Making+in+the+Face+of+Uncertainty&rft.au=Tonn%2C+B+E&rft.aulast=Tonn&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Practice&rft.issn=14660466&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Troposphere; Ozone; Environment management; Environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of caging designs and a fingernail clam for use in an in situ bioassay AN - 18162279; 4733443 AB - Two cage designs and fingernail clams (Sphaerium fabale) were evaluated for their suitability for use in in situ bioassays to assess the ecological condition of a stream and predict ecological recovery potential. One design (referred to as tray design) was a modified plastic tray about one-fourth full of small gravels and covered with 1 mm fiberglass mesh. The second design (referred to as tube-plates) consisted of short plexiglass tubes about one-third full of small gravels and attached horizontally to a plexiglass plate. One end of each tube faced into the current; both ends were covered with mesh. Cages containing clams were deployed at reference and impacted (test) sites for periods of 70 to 135 d. Growth and survival were the primary endpoints evaluated, but the tube-plates allowed isolation of individual clams so that natality also could be evaluated as an endpoint. Results of benthic macroinvertebrate surveys, performed for another study, were included to help validate bioassay results. Both cage designs yielded good quantitative, site-specific results for clam survival and growth; results for natality, though, were less conclusive. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Smith, J G AU - Beauchamp, J J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA Y1 - 2000/05/02/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 May 02 SP - 205 EP - 230 VL - 62 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - River fingernail clam KW - cage design KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Testing Procedures KW - Bivalves (Clams) KW - Animals (Invertebrates) (see also Individual groups) KW - Gravel KW - Test organisms KW - Aurelia KW - Survival KW - Macroinvertebrates KW - Freshwater KW - Sphaerium fabale KW - In situ measurements KW - Clams KW - Cages KW - Bioassay KW - Design KW - Growth KW - Bioassays KW - Design Criteria KW - Design data KW - Monitoring KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18162279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+caging+designs+and+a+fingernail+clam+for+use+in+an+in+situ+bioassay&rft.au=Smith%2C+J+G%3BBeauchamp%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2000-05-02&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth; Bioassays; Test organisms; Survival; In situ measurements; Cages; Design; Bivalves (Clams); Animals (Invertebrates) (see also Individual groups); Gravel; Aurelia; Design data; Monitoring; Testing Procedures; Design Criteria; Macroinvertebrates; Clams; Bioassay; Sphaerium fabale; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The enhancement of the ability of mouse sperm to survive freezing and thawing by the use of high concentrations of glycerol and the presence of an Escherichia coli membrane preparation (Oxyrase) to lower the oxygen concentration. AN - 71195151; 10860619 AB - The cryobiological preservation of mouse spermatozoa has presented difficulties in the form of poor motilities or irreproducibility. We have hypothesized several underlying problems. One is that published studies have used concentrations of the cryoprotectant glycerol that are substantially lower (<0.3 M) than the approximately 1 M concentrations that are optimal for most mammalian cells. Another may arise from the known high susceptibility of mouse sperm to free radical damage. We have been able to obtain high motilities in 0.8 M glycerol provided that the exposure time is held to approximately 5 min to minimize toxicity and provided that the glycerol is added and removed stepwise to minimize osmotic shock. Since free radical damage in mouse sperm is proportional to the oxygen concentrations, we have determined the consequences of reducing the oxygen to <3% of atmospheric by maintaining the sperm in contact with an Escherichia coli membrane preparation, Oxyrase, from the moment of collection throughout the assessment of motility. Prior studies have shown that the procedure significantly reduces damage from centrifugation and osmotic shock. In the experiments reported here we obtained approximately 50% motility relative to untreated controls when suspensions containing 3.8% Oxyrase were exposed approximately 5 min to a solution of 0.8 M glycerol and 0.17 M (10%) raffinose in a supplemented PBS and then frozen at approximately 25 degrees C/min to -75 degrees C. In the absence of Oxyrase, the normalized motility dropped to 31%. The protection by Oxyrase was in part a consequence of minimizing centrifugation damage, but in part it reflected a reduction in freeze-thaw damage. Preliminary experiments indicate that the number of motile sperm after cryopreservation in Oxyrase is higher when the sperm are collected without swim-up than when they are collected by swim-up. This is in part due to the fact that more cells are collected in the absence of swim-up and in part due to a greater protective effect of Oxyrase on those cells. The minimum temperature in these initial experiments was limited to -75 degrees C to avoid the potential contribution of other injurious factors between -75 and -196 degrees C. JF - Cryobiology AU - Mazur, P AU - Katkov, I I AU - Katkova, N AU - Critser, J K AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. Y1 - 2000/05// PY - 2000 DA - May 2000 SP - 187 EP - 209 VL - 40 IS - 3 SN - 0011-2240, 0011-2240 KW - Cryoprotective Agents KW - 0 KW - Oxygenases KW - EC 1.13.- KW - Oxyrase KW - EC 1.14.- KW - Raffinose KW - N5O3QU595M KW - Glycerol KW - PDC6A3C0OX KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred ICR KW - Osmotic Pressure KW - Escherichia coli -- enzymology KW - Mice KW - Sperm Motility KW - Cell Survival KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Male KW - Semen Preservation -- methods KW - Spermatozoa -- cytology KW - Cryopreservation -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71195151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cryobiology&rft.atitle=The+enhancement+of+the+ability+of+mouse+sperm+to+survive+freezing+and+thawing+by+the+use+of+high+concentrations+of+glycerol+and+the+presence+of+an+Escherichia+coli+membrane+preparation+%28Oxyrase%29+to+lower+the+oxygen+concentration.&rft.au=Mazur%2C+P%3BKatkov%2C+I+I%3BKatkova%2C+N%3BCritser%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Mazur&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2000-05-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cryobiology&rft.issn=00112240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-07-25 N1 - Date created - 2000-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cellular communication in clone 9 cells exposed to magnetic fields. AN - 71116208; 10790294 AB - Magnetic-field exposure (45 Hz B(a.c.) over a flux density range of 7.7 to 49.9 microT r.m.s. with parallel B(d.c.) of 36.6 microT) has been reported by Blackman and coworkers to inhibit gap junction intercellular communication in Clone 9 cells treated with chloral hydrate for 24 h prior to field exposure in accord with predictions of the ion parametric resonance model. The study reported here is an attempt to reproduce this effect. Baseline experiments showed that growth in culture and state of confluence at time of addition of chloral hydrate were comparable in both laboratories. PMA inhibited cell-cell communication in a dose-dependent manner, similar to the results of Blackman and coworkers, whereas cells in the present study were somewhat more sensitive to chloral hydrate than reported by Blackman and coworkers. A total of 38 exposure experiments were undertaken using a 45 Hz magnetic field with a flux density of 23.8 microT r.m.s., in parallel with a 36.6-microT static magnetic field for 40 to 45 min, after pretreatment with 2.5 mM chloral hydrate for 24 h. In 14 unblinded experiments, a small but statistically significant effect of magnetic-field exposure was observed, but due to the subjective nature of the assay, it was deemed essential to carry out blinded experiments. The remaining 24 experiments were blinded. In 15 blinded experiments, cells purchased from the American Type Culture Collection and grown only in this laboratory were used, while in 9 experiments, the cells had originally been grown in Blackman's laboratory and were subsequently sent to this laboratory. There was no statistically significant effect of magnetic-field exposure on gap junction intercellular communication in these blinded experiments using either cell line. JF - Radiation research AU - Griffin, G D AU - Williams, M W AU - Gailey, P C AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6101, USA. Y1 - 2000/05// PY - 2000 DA - May 2000 SP - 690 EP - 698 VL - 153 IS - 5 Pt 2 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Hypnotics and Sedatives KW - Chloral Hydrate KW - 418M5916WG KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Animals KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacology KW - Gap Junctions -- drug effects KW - Clone Cells -- radiation effects KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Cell Count -- radiation effects KW - Hypnotics and Sedatives -- pharmacology KW - Chloral Hydrate -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Clone Cells -- cytology KW - Cell Count -- drug effects KW - Gap Junctions -- radiation effects KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Statistics, Nonparametric KW - Cell Line KW - Cell Communication -- radiation effects KW - Liver -- cytology KW - Magnetics KW - Cell Communication -- drug effects KW - Electromagnetic Fields -- adverse effects KW - Liver -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71116208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Cellular+communication+in+clone+9+cells+exposed+to+magnetic+fields.&rft.au=Griffin%2C+G+D%3BWilliams%2C+M+W%3BGailey%2C+P+C&rft.aulast=Griffin&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2000-05-01&rft.volume=153&rft.issue=5+Pt+2&rft.spage=690&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-06-09 N1 - Date created - 2000-06-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laser desorption/in situ chemical ionization aerosol mass spectrometry for monitoring tributyl phosphate on the surface of environmental particles. AN - 71115526; 10815977 AB - The possibility of using real-time aerosol mass spectrometry (RTAMS) for the detection of surface-adsorbed tributyl phosphate (TBP) as an alkali metal adduct has been investigated. Environmental particles contain variable amounts of easily ionizable alkali metals. During laser desorption of surface-adsorbed TBP molecules, Na+ and K+ ions are generated by the interaction of the laser radiation with the particle's material. The alkali metal ions serve as in situ chemical ionization reagents of the neutral analyte molecules. The effect of laser fluence on the signal intensities of the potassium ion and cationized TBP was also studied. The best performance of the instrument was observed with laser fluences that produce high abundances of K+ but low abundances of ions from the particle's bulk material. The relatively low laser fluence, necessary to produce potassium ions, prevents the excessive fragmentation of the analyte. The instrument is capable of real-time monitoring of submonolayer coverage of TBP on the surface of micron-sized particles. JF - Analytical chemistry AU - Lazar, A C AU - Reilly, P T AU - Whitten, W B AU - Ramsey, J M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-6142, USA. Y1 - 2000/05/01/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 May 01 SP - 2142 EP - 2147 VL - 72 IS - 9 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Organophosphates KW - 0 KW - Soil KW - Soil Pollutants KW - tributyl phosphate KW - 95UAS8YAF5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization KW - Soil -- analysis KW - Organophosphates -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71115526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Laser+desorption%2Fin+situ+chemical+ionization+aerosol+mass+spectrometry+for+monitoring+tributyl+phosphate+on+the+surface+of+environmental+particles.&rft.au=Lazar%2C+A+C%3BReilly%2C+P+T%3BWhitten%2C+W+B%3BRamsey%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Lazar&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2000-05-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+chemistry&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2000-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The distribution and discrimination of shallow, authigenic carbonate in the Pliocene-Pleistocene Palomas Basin, southern Rio Grande Rift AN - 52349503; 2000-036250 AB - Nine types of authigenic carbonate are present in the Pliocene-Pleistocene alluvial-fan and axial-fluvial sediment of the Palomas half graben in the southern Rio Grande rift. Pedogenic and other vadose carbonate includes (1) pedogenic carbonate of stage II and stage III morphology underlying Bw and Bt horizons, (2) mudstones in which the carbonate nodules may be pedogenic or the result of shallow groundwater invasion of the vadose zone, (3) pedogenic calcic nodules and tubules in eolian sand, and (4) gully-bed cement of proximal-fan conglomerates formed by infiltration and evaporation of surface runoff. Shallow groundwater carbonate exists as (5) thin (30-50 cm), massive beds with an upper fringe of nodules and tubules precipitated at the water table and in the capillary fringe, (6) thick (1.5-3 m), massive beds deposited by lateral flow of groundwater or at springs, and (7) thin (30 cm), calcified root mats associated with near-surface, water-saturated sediment or springs. Phreatic spar cements (8) occupy the interstices of conglomerates and sandstones and locally exist as (9) oriented concretions. Groundwater carbonates are best developed near the toes of the large, hanging-wall--derived alluvial fans, whereas phreatic cement preferentially exists in footwall-derived, alluvial-fan conglomerates. Pedogenic carbonate is distinguished from groundwater carbonate by the association with other diagnostic paleosol horizons, a predominantly vertical arrangement of root traces, peds, desiccation cracks, and calcic tubules, and by gradational contacts. The delta (super 13) C and delta (super 18) O values are similar among pedogenic and shallow groundwater carbonate, although locally nodules in eolian sand and gully-bed cement have higher delta (super 18) O values, perhaps due to the effects of evaporation. Some phreatic cements may be distinguished from pedogenic and shallow groundwater carbonate by lower values of delta (super 13) C and delta (super 18) O. Authigenic carbonate in footwall-derived, alluvial-fan sediment has consistently higher values of delta (super 13) C than that in hanging-wall--derived sediment, which may reflect differences in vegetative type and/or density on either side of the basin. JF - Geological Society of America Bulletin AU - Mack, Greg H AU - Cole, David R AU - Trevino, Leandro Y1 - 2000/05// PY - 2000 DA - May 2000 SP - 643 EP - 656 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 112 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7606, 0016-7606 KW - United States KW - secondary structures KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - characterization KW - New Mexico KW - paleoclimatology KW - stable isotopes KW - Rio Grande Rift KW - Cenozoic KW - shallow depth KW - sedimentary rocks KW - carbon KW - Sierra County New Mexico KW - paleosols KW - cement KW - sedimentary structures KW - Palomas Basin KW - geochemistry KW - North America KW - pedogenesis KW - southern New Mexico KW - Quaternary KW - mudstone KW - paleohydrology KW - isotope ratios KW - calcic composition KW - C-13/C-12 KW - O-18/O-16 KW - paleogeography KW - half grabens KW - conglomerate KW - concretions KW - Tertiary KW - precipitation KW - Neogene KW - Pliocene KW - Pleistocene KW - carbonate rocks KW - clastic rocks KW - authigenesis KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52349503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geological+Society+of+America+Bulletin&rft.atitle=The+distribution+and+discrimination+of+shallow%2C+authigenic+carbonate+in+the+Pliocene-Pleistocene+Palomas+Basin%2C+southern+Rio+Grande+Rift&rft.au=Mack%2C+Greg+H%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BTrevino%2C+Leandro&rft.aulast=Mack&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft.date=2000-05-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=643&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geological+Society+of+America+Bulletin&rft.issn=00167606&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2F0016-7606%282000%291122.3.CO%3B2 L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 95 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diag., sect., geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - BUGMAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - authigenesis; C-13/C-12; calcic composition; carbon; carbonate rocks; cement; Cenozoic; characterization; clastic rocks; concretions; conglomerate; geochemistry; half grabens; isotope ratios; isotopes; mudstone; Neogene; New Mexico; North America; O-18/O-16; oxygen; paleoclimatology; paleogeography; paleohydrology; paleosols; Palomas Basin; pedogenesis; Pleistocene; Pliocene; precipitation; Quaternary; Rio Grande Rift; secondary structures; sedimentary rocks; sedimentary structures; shallow depth; Sierra County New Mexico; southern New Mexico; stable isotopes; Tertiary; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2000)112<0643:TDADOS>2.3.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Typing System for Neisseria gonorrhoeae Based on Biotinylated Oligonucleotide Probes to PIB Gene Variable Regions AN - 18081896; 5166790 AB - The porin proteins PIA and PIB of Neisseria gonorrhoeae are serotyping antigens for the serovar classification system and leading candidates for gonococcal vaccine development. Although serotyping has been a useful tool, this method can be insensitive to critical sequence changes in the por gene, including those in surface-exposed variable regions (VRs). A sensitive and specific typing system for N. gonorrhoeae has been developed that uses biotin-labeled oligonucleotide probes with chemiluminescence detection to type PIB gene VRs. The PIB VR types of geographically and temporally diverse gonococcal strains and sexual contact isolates were determined. por VR typing discriminated between most unrelated isolates and provided information about individual VR type that was not apparent from serovar designations. PIB VR typing avoids limited monoclonal antibody availability, interlaboratory variation, and the requirement for culture-based surveillance associated with gonococcal serotyping, and provides useful information about the molecular epidemiology of individual por gene VRs. JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases AU - Thompson, D K AU - Deal, C D AU - Ison, CA AU - Zenilman, J M AU - Bash, M C AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee., USA Y1 - 2000/05// PY - 2000 DA - May 2000 SP - 1652 EP - 1660 VL - 181 IS - 5 SN - 0022-1899, 0022-1899 KW - PIA protein KW - PIB protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genes KW - Typing KW - DNA probes KW - Chemiluminescence KW - Neisseria gonorrhoeae KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18081896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Infectious+Diseases&rft.atitle=A+Typing+System+for+Neisseria+gonorrhoeae+Based+on+Biotinylated+Oligonucleotide+Probes+to+PIB+Gene+Variable+Regions&rft.au=Thompson%2C+D+K%3BDeal%2C+C+D%3BIson%2C+CA%3BZenilman%2C+J+M%3BBash%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-05-01&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1652&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Infectious+Diseases&rft.issn=00221899&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Chemiluminescence; Typing; Genes; DNA probes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - One-dimensional nature of the magnetic fluctuations in YBa sub(2)Cu sub(3)O sub(6. 6) AN - 787344952; 13741994 AB - There is increasing evidence that inhomogeneous distributions of charge and spin--so-called 'striped phases'--play an important role in determining the properties of the high-temperature superconductors. For example, recent neutron-scattering measurements on the YBa sub(2)Cu sub(3)O sub(7- x) family of materials show both spin and charge fluctuations that are consistent with the striped-phase picture. But the fluctuations associated with a striped phase are expected to be one-dimensional, whereas the magnetic fluctuations observed to date appear to display two-dimensional symmetry. We show here that this apparent two-dimensionality results from measurements on twinned crystals, and that similar measurements on substantially detwinned crystals of YBa sub(2)Cu sub(3)O sub(6. 6) reveal the one-dimensional character of the magnetic fluctuations, thus greatly strengthening the striped-phase interpretation. Moreover, our results also suggest that superconductivity originates in charge stripes that extend along the \[specialb] crystal axis, where the superfluid density is found to be substantially larger than for the \[speciala] direction. JF - Nature AU - Mook, HA AU - Dai, Pengcheng AU - Dogan, F AU - Hunt, R D AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA PY - 2000 SP - 729 EP - 731 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 404 IS - 6779 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Crystals KW - X 24390:Radioactive Materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/787344952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=One-dimensional+nature+of+the+magnetic+fluctuations+in+YBa+sub%282%29Cu+sub%283%29O+sub%286.+6%29&rft.au=Mook%2C+HA%3BDai%2C+Pengcheng%3BDogan%2C+F%3BHunt%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Mook&rft.aufirst=HA&rft.date=2000-04-03&rft.volume=404&rft.issue=6779&rft.spage=729&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2F35008005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crystals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35008005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diffusion of C and O in calcite at 100 MPa AN - 52364530; 2000-034001 AB - The diffusivities of C and O in calcite were determined in a pure CO (sub 2) atmosphere at 100 MPa and temperatures ranging from 600 to 800 degrees C. The calcite crystals were preannealed and H (sub 2) O was excluded from the system to determine the self-diffusion coefficients. The CO (sub 2) consisted of 99% (super 13) C and 90% (super 18) O. After heating for 7-147 d, diffusion profiles were measured with the use of secondary ion mass spectrometry. The results indicate that the diffusivity of C is D (sub c) = 7.77X10 (super -9) exp (-166+ or -16 kJ/mol/RT) Cm (super 2) /s and of O is D (sub o) = 7.5X10 (super -3) exp (-242+ or -39 kJ/mol/RT) cm (super 2) /s. In comparison with other determinations of diffusivities in calcite, diffusion of O under the experimental conditions is consistent with vacancy migration in the intrinsic region, and diffusion of C seems to occur by diffusion of carbonate anions. Increased pressure appears to reduce the activation energy and the value of D (sub 0) , and the presence of H (sub 2) O greatly increases the diffusivity of O without appreciably changing the activation energy. Closure temperatures calculated for isotopic exchange by diffusion predict that C isotope compositions of calcite are preserved during cooling in most geologic environments, but that O isotope compositions in H (sub 2) O-rich environments are preserved only in rapidly cooling environments, such as contact metamorphic aureoles. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Labotka, T C AU - Cole, D R AU - Riciputi, L R Y1 - 2000/04// PY - 2000 DA - April 2000 SP - 488 EP - 494 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 3-4 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - diffusion KW - pressure KW - oxygen KW - crystal structure KW - high pressure KW - carbon dioxide KW - calcite KW - Iceland spar KW - sedimentary rocks KW - carbon KW - inclusions KW - fluid inclusions KW - carbonate rocks KW - carbonates KW - P-T conditions KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52364530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Diffusion+of+C+and+O+in+calcite+at+100+MPa&rft.au=Labotka%2C+T+C%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Labotka&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=488&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcite; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbonate rocks; carbonates; crystal structure; diffusion; fluid inclusions; high pressure; Iceland spar; inclusions; oxygen; P-T conditions; pressure; sedimentary rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporation of radioactive contaminants into pyroaurite-like phases by electrochemical synthesis AN - 52355041; 2000-042096 AB - During electrochemical remediation of radionuclide, (super 235) U, (super 238) U, and (super 99) Tc-contaminated aqueous solutions, pyroaurite-like phases, ideally [M(II)M(III)(OH) (sub 16) CO (sub 3) .4H (sub 2) O] where M = Fe, were synthesized following coprecipitation with iron from metal iron electrodes. The effect of radionuclides on the transformation of amorphous precipitates to crystalline pyroaurite-like phases was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The synthetic iron carbonate hydroxide phases showed primary XRD peaks at 0.7 and 0.35 nm and FTIR spectra that indicated the presence of a brucite-like sheet structure with carbonate anions occupying the interlayer. Divalent and trivalent iron, eroded from the electrode, occupies the octahedral sites of the brucite-like sheets. The carbonate anions in the interlayer balance the excess positive charge from isomorphous substitution of the Fe (super 2+) or Fe (super 3+) by reduced uranium (U (super 4+) ) and technetium (Tc (super 4+) ). Because of the lower solubility associated with crystalline phases than amorphous phases, incorporation of radioactive contaminants into pyroaurite-like phases by electrochemical syntheses represents a more effective approach for removing U and Tc from contaminated aqueous solutions than traditional technologies. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Roh, Y AU - Lee, S Y AU - Elless, M P AU - Foss, J E Y1 - 2000/04// PY - 2000 DA - April 2000 SP - 266 EP - 271 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - iron carbonates KW - pyroaurite KW - lattice KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - waste water KW - crystal structure KW - ions KW - electrochemical properties KW - remediation KW - infrared spectra KW - ground water KW - FTIR spectra KW - brucite KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - oxides KW - leachate KW - spectra KW - mineral interlayer KW - technetium KW - amorphous materials KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - crystallization KW - uranium KW - carbonates KW - actinides KW - SEM data KW - U-235 KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52355041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Incorporation+of+radioactive+contaminants+into+pyroaurite-like+phases+by+electrochemical+synthesis&rft.au=Roh%2C+Y%3BLee%2C+S+Y%3BElless%2C+M+P%3BFoss%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Roh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; amorphous materials; brucite; carbonates; chemical reactions; crystal structure; crystallization; electrochemical properties; FTIR spectra; ground water; infrared spectra; ions; iron carbonates; isotopes; lattice; leachate; metals; mineral interlayer; oxides; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; pyroaurite; radioactive isotopes; remediation; SEM data; spectra; technetium; U-235; uranium; waste water; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray fluorescence spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of radiation effects in crystalline ABO (sub 4) -type phosphates and silicates AN - 52336742; 2000-054316 AB - The effects of ion irradiation in the ABO (sub 4) -type compounds were compared by performing experiments on four materials that include the most common crystal structures (monazite vs. zircon) and chemical compositions (phosphates vs. silicates) for these phases. Pure synthetic single crystals of ZrSiO (sub 4) , monoclinic ThSiO (sub 4) , LaPO (sub 4) and ScPO (sub 4) were irradiated using 800 keV Kr (super +) ions. Radiation damage accumulation was monitored as a function of temperature in situ in a transmission electron microscope. The activation energies for recrystallization during irradiation were calculated to be 3.1-3.3 eV for the orthosilicates but only 1.0-1.5 eV for the isostructural orthophosphates. For the ion-beam-irradiated samples, the critical temperature, above which the recrystallization processes are faster than damage accumulation and amorphization cannot be induced, is >700 degrees C for ZrSiO (sub 4) but it is only 35 degrees C for LaPO (sub 4) . At temperatures above 600 degrees C, zircon decomposed during irradiation into its component oxides (i.e. crystalline ZrO (sub 2) plus amorphous SiO (sub 2) ). The data are evaluated with respect to the proposed use of the orthophosphates and orthosilicates as host materials for the stabilization and disposal of high-level nuclear waste. The results show that zircon with 10 wt.% Pu would have to be maintained at temperatures in excess of 300 degrees C in order to prevent it from becoming completely amorphous. In contrast, a similar analysis for the orthophosphates implies that monazite-based waste forms would not become amorphous or undergo a phase decomposition. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Meldrum, A AU - Boatner, L A AU - Ewing, R C Y1 - 2000/04// PY - 2000 DA - April 2000 SP - 185 EP - 194 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 64 IS - 2(423) SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - zircon group KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - irradiation KW - amorphous materials KW - plutonium KW - zircon KW - crystal structure KW - phosphates KW - recrystallization KW - ions KW - TEM data KW - temperature KW - nesosilicates KW - crystals KW - metamictization KW - metals KW - orthosilicates KW - monazite KW - chemical composition KW - actinides KW - synthetic materials KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52336742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+radiation+effects+in+crystalline+ABO+%28sub+4%29+-type+phosphates+and+silicates&rft.au=Meldrum%2C+A%3BBoatner%2C+L+A%3BEwing%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Meldrum&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2%28423%29&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2F002646100549283 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; amorphous materials; chemical composition; crystal structure; crystals; experimental studies; ions; irradiation; metals; metamictization; monazite; monitoring; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; phosphates; plutonium; recrystallization; silicates; synthetic materials; TEM data; temperature; zircon; zircon group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/002646100549283 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources of the transuranic elements plutonium and neptunium in arctic marine sediments AN - 52295829; 2000-074648 AB - We report here thermal ionization mass spectrometry measurements of (super 239) Pu, (super 240) Pu, (super 241) Pu, (super 242) Pu, and (super 237) Np isolated from oceanic, estuarine, and riverine sediments from the Arctic Ocean Basin. (super 238) Pu/ (super 239+240) Pu activity ratios are also reported for alpha spectrometric analyses undertaken on a subset of these samples. Our results indicate that the Pu in sediments on the Alaskan shelf and slope, as well as that in the deep basins (Amerasian and Eurasian) of the Arctic Ocean, has its origin in stratospheric and tropospheric fallout. Sediments from the Ob and Yenisei Rivers show isotopic Pu signatures that are distinctly different from those of northern-hemisphere stratospheric fallout and indicate the presence of weapons-grade Pu originating from nuclear fuel reprocessing wastes generated at Russian facilities within these river catchments. Consequently, sediments of the Eurasian Arctic Ocean, particularly those in the Barents and Kara Seas, probably contain a mixture of Pu from stratospheric fallout, tropospheric fallout, and fuel-reprocessing wastes of riverine origin. In particular, the (super 241) Pu/ (super 239) Pu ratios observed in these sediments are inconsistent with significant contributions of Pu to the arctic sediments studied from western European reprocessing facilities, principally Sellafield in the UK. Several other potential sources of Pu to arctic sediments can also be excluded as significant based upon the transuranic isotope ratios presented. JF - Marine Chemistry AU - Cooper, Lee W AU - Kelley, J M AU - Bond, L A AU - Orlandini, K A AU - Grebmeier, J M Y1 - 2000/04// PY - 2000 DA - April 2000 SP - 253 EP - 276 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 69 IS - 3-4 SN - 0304-4203, 0304-4203 KW - Pu-240/Pu-239 KW - neptunium KW - Np-237 KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - plutonium KW - isotope ratios KW - Pu-239 KW - thermal ionization mass spectra KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - Pu-242 KW - provenance KW - marine sediments KW - radioactive isotopes KW - metals KW - sediments KW - Arctic Ocean KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - actinides KW - Pu-241 KW - Pu-240 KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52295829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Sources+of+the+transuranic+elements+plutonium+and+neptunium+in+arctic+marine+sediments&rft.au=Cooper%2C+Lee+W%3BKelley%2C+J+M%3BBond%2C+L+A%3BOrlandini%2C+K+A%3BGrebmeier%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Chemistry&rft.issn=03044203&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03044203 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MRCHBD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Arctic Ocean; chemical composition; isotope ratios; isotopes; marine sediments; mass spectra; metals; neptunium; Np-237; plutonium; pollutants; pollution; provenance; Pu-239; Pu-240; Pu-240/Pu-239; Pu-241; Pu-242; radioactive isotopes; sediments; spectra; thermal ionization mass spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The minerals of Alum Cave Bluff; Great Smoky Mountains, Tennessee AN - 52166429; 2002-000494 AB - Alum Cave Bluff is well-known as a locality for its suite of secondary sulphate minerals, including the first North American occurrence of slavikite, and three new REE-sulphate minerals, coskrenite-(Ce), levinsonite-(Y) and zugshuntsite-(Ce). The history, geology and paragenesis of the deposit are summarized and mineralogical descriptions for 26 species and several unknowns are given. Mineral D is an iron phosphate with Fe = 2P minor S and trace Al (impurities?). It occurs as widespread but extremely sparse pale green coatings and botryoidal masses to 0.1 mm. Tiny black botryoids of an unidentified manganese oxide occur on rock surfaces with apjohnite and destinezite, and several unidentified Cu-bearing minerals have been found in trace amounts. One forms fine-grained green coatings on phyllite; XRF analysis gave only Cu and a trace of Fe. Three others were detected by EPMA of thin sections. These consist of a Cu-Zn sulphate, a Cu-Zn mineral without sulphate, and a Cu-Zn-Al sulphate (possibly glaucocerinite?). JF - The Mineralogical Record AU - Coskren, T Dennis AU - Lauf, Robert J Y1 - 2000/04// PY - 2000 DA - April 2000 SP - 163 EP - 175 PB - Mineralogical Record, Inc., Tucson, AZ VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0026-4628, 0026-4628 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - upper Precambrian KW - Thunderhead Sandstone KW - Anakeesta Formation KW - Alum Cave Bluff KW - Great Smoky Mountains KW - temperature KW - destinezite KW - Tennessee KW - mineral assemblages KW - Sevier County Tennessee KW - melanterite KW - Neoproterozoic KW - collecting KW - mineral localities KW - Precambrian KW - sulfates KW - Proterozoic KW - apjohnite KW - epsomite KW - crystals KW - low temperature KW - levinsonite KW - halotrichite KW - slavikite KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52166429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Mineralogical+Record&rft.atitle=The+minerals+of+Alum+Cave+Bluff%3B+Great+Smoky+Mountains%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Coskren%2C+T+Dennis%3BLauf%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Coskren&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Mineralogical+Record&rft.issn=00264628&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minresco.com/minrec/minrec.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - AZ N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MRECA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alum Cave Bluff; Anakeesta Formation; apjohnite; collecting; crystals; destinezite; epsomite; Great Smoky Mountains; halotrichite; levinsonite; low temperature; melanterite; mineral assemblages; mineral localities; Neoproterozoic; Precambrian; Proterozoic; Sevier County Tennessee; silicates; slavikite; sulfates; temperature; Tennessee; Thunderhead Sandstone; United States; upper Precambrian ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heavy metals in environment; thermal-treated soil for mercury removal; soil and phytotoxicity tests AN - 52101381; 2002-039458 AB - Mercury (Hg) contamination of soils and sediments is one of many environmental problems at the Oak Ridge Reservation, Oak Ridge, TN. Mercury-contaminated soil from the Lower East Fork Poplar Creek (LEFPC) at the Oak Reservation was treated thermally to reduce Hg concentration to a below target level (20 mg kg (super -1) ) as a pilot scale thermal treatment demonstration. As a part of performance evaluation, the soil characteristics and plant growth response of the untreated and treated soil were examined. The soil treated at 350 degrees C retained most of its original soil properties, but the soil treated at 600 degrees C exhibited considerable changes in mineralogical composition and physicochemical characteristics. Growth and physiological response of the three plant species radish (Raphanus sativus L.), fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), and oat (Avena sativa L.) indicated adverse effects of the thermal treatment. The addition of N fertilizer had beneficial effects in the 350 degrees C treated soil, but had little beneficial effects in the 600 degrees C treated soil. Some changes of soil characteristics induced by thermal treatment cannot be avoided. Soil characteristics and phytotoxicity test results strongly suggest that changes occurring following the 350 degrees C treatment do not limit the use of the treated soil to refill the excavated site for full-scale remediation. The only problem with the 350 degrees C treatment is that small amounts of Hg compounds (<15 mg kg (super -1) ) remain in the soil and a processing cost of $45/Mg. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Roh, Y AU - Edwards, N T AU - Lee, S Y AU - Stiles, C A AU - Armes, S AU - Foss, J E Y1 - 2000/04// PY - 2000 DA - April 2000 SP - 415 EP - 424 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - United States KW - thermal alteration KW - soil washing KW - remediation KW - critical load KW - soil flushing KW - Tennessee KW - phytoremediation KW - geochemistry KW - heavy metals KW - mercury KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - Lower East Fork Creek KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - electrokinetics KW - metals KW - vitrification KW - thermal effects KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52101381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Heavy+metals+in+environment%3B+thermal-treated+soil+for+mercury+removal%3B+soil+and+phytotoxicity+tests&rft.au=Roh%2C+Y%3BEdwards%2C+N+T%3BLee%2C+S+Y%3BStiles%2C+C+A%3BArmes%2C+S%3BFoss%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Roh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=415&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; critical load; electrokinetics; geochemistry; heavy metals; hydrochemistry; Lower East Fork Creek; mercury; metals; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; physicochemical properties; phytoremediation; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil flushing; soil treatment; soil washing; soils; Tennessee; thermal alteration; thermal effects; United States; vitrification ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal-Treated Soil for Mercury Removal: Soil and Phytotoxicity Tests AN - 17772964; 4826187 AB - Mercury (Hg) contamination of soils and sediments is one of many environmental problems at the Oak Ridge Reservation, Oak Ridge, TN. Mercury-contaminated soil from the Lower East Fork Poplar Creek (LEFPC) at the Oak Reservation was treated thermally to reduce Hg concentration to a below target level (20 mg kg super(-1)) as a pilot scale thermal treatment demonstration. As a part of performance evaluation, the soil characteristics and plant growth response of the untreated and treated soil were examined. The soil treated at 350 degree C retained most of its original soil properties, but the soil treated at 600 degree C exhibited considerable changes in mineralogical composition and physicochemical characteristics. Growth and physiological response of the three plant species radish (Raphanus sativus L.), fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), and oat (Avena sativa L.) indicated adverse effects of the thermal treatment. The addition of N fertilizer had beneficial effects in the 350 degree C treated soil, but had little beneficial effects in the 600 degree C treated soil. Some changes of soil characteristics induced by thermal treatment cannot be avoided. Soil characteristics and phytotoxicity test results strongly suggest that changes occurring following the 350 degree C treatment do not limit the use of the treated soil to refill the excavated site for full-scale remediation. The only problem with the 350 degree C treatment is that small amounts of Hg compounds (<15 mg kg super(-1)) remain in the soil and a processing cost of $45/Mg. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Roh, Y AU - Edwards, N T AU - Lee, SY AU - Stiles, CA AU - Armes, S AU - Foss, JE AD - Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA, rohy@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/04// PY - 2000 DA - Apr 2000 SP - 415 EP - 424 VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Avena sativa KW - Festuca arundinacea KW - Raphanus sativus KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - heat treatments KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Soil remediation KW - Pollutant removal KW - Fertilizers KW - Economics KW - Plants KW - Mercury KW - Phytotoxicity KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17772964?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Thermal-Treated+Soil+for+Mercury+Removal%3A+Soil+and+Phytotoxicity+Tests&rft.au=Roh%2C+Y%3BEdwards%2C+N+T%3BLee%2C+SY%3BStiles%2C+CA%3BArmes%2C+S%3BFoss%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Roh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=415&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil remediation; Mercury; Phytotoxicity; Plants; Fertilizers; Economics; Pollutant removal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - UV-B irradiance gradient affects photosynthesis and pigments but not food quality of periphyton AN - 17669137; 4753229 AB - This laboratory study examined the effect of a gradient of UV-B radiation (280-320 nm) on photosynthesis and food quality of periphyton, the trophic base of many freshwater benthic communities. Four irradiances of UV-B (0, 0.6, 1.2, and 3 W m super(--2)) were delivered by UV-B lamps (313 nm peak irradiance) over a 13-day period in the first experiment and over a 4-h period in the second experiment. These irradiances were roughly equivalent to 0, 1, 2, and 4 times the ambient biologically effective (DNA) midsummer, midday UV-B irradiance in Tennessee. 2. Rates of photosynthesis and photosynthetic pigments were significantly reduced by irradiances greater than ambient during the 13-day experiment, suggesting that food supply rates to grazers would be depressed by increases in current UV-B levels. Effects on community structure were minor, but mean diatom cell size decreased at higher UV-B irradiances. Irradiated periphyton was fed in surplus to juvenile snails (Physella gyrina) in the first experiment as a bioassay for food quality. Snail growth was the same on all four diets, suggesting that UV-B did not affect food quality. Nitrogen and phosphorus content of the periphyton were not affected by UV-B, either. Photosynthesis by low-biomass periphyton in the second experiment was significantly depressed by irradiances above ambient after only 4 h. Photosynthesis by the high biomass periphyton was not significantly affected by UV-B, suggesting that self-shading reduced UV-B effects. JF - Freshwater Biology AU - Mcnamara, E A AU - Hill, R W AD - Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, U.S.A., Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, U.S.A. Y1 - 2000/04// PY - 2000 DA - Apr 2000 SP - 649 EP - 662 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 0046-5070, 0046-5070 KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - U.V. radiation KW - Photosynthesis KW - Pigments KW - Gradients KW - Periphyton KW - Freshwater KW - D 04627:Algae/lichens UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17669137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Freshwater+Biology&rft.atitle=UV-B+irradiance+gradient+affects+photosynthesis+and+pigments+but+not+food+quality+of+periphyton&rft.au=Mcnamara%2C+E+A%3BHill%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Mcnamara&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=649&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Freshwater+Biology&rft.issn=00465070&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2427.2000.00537.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gradients; U.V. radiation; Photosynthesis; Pigments; Periphyton; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2000.00537.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Homo economus as a Keystone Species AN - 17538331; 4719400 AB - In ecological theory, a keystone species controls the environment and thereby determines the other species that can survive in its presence. Classic examples include starfish that scour rock surfaces, shaping the sessile community, and beaver that dam streams, changing a terrestrial into an aquatic ecosystem. Casual observation would seem to place humans (which we will refer to as Homo economus) into this same domineering role. Nevertheless, the current paradigm in ecology considers humans not as a keystone species but as an external disturbance on the "natural" ecosystem. As an example, ecology graduate students are still advised to find research sites that are undisturbed by humans. The rationale comes from a central concept of research design: the controlled experiment. According to this concept, the mechanisms underlying a complex system can be investigated by isolating the system from disturbances. Once this "natural" or control system is understood, then the influences of humans can be superimposed as externally driven disturbances. The problem with this approach is that human beings are, in fact, another biotic species within the ecosystem and not an external influence. JF - Bioscience AU - O'Neill, R V AU - Kahn, J R AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2000/04// PY - 2000 DA - Apr 2000 SP - 333 EP - 337 PB - [URL:http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract &issn=0006-3568&volume=50&page=333] VL - 50 IS - 4 SN - 0006-3568, 0006-3568 KW - Man KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Human ecology KW - Keystone species KW - Homo sapiens KW - Reviews KW - Environmental impact KW - Disturbance KW - D 04099:Ecosystem studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17538331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioscience&rft.atitle=Homo+economus+as+a+Keystone+Species&rft.au=O%27Neill%2C+R+V%3BKahn%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioscience&rft.issn=00063568&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0006-3568%282000%29050%280333%3AHEAAKS%292.3.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Homo sapiens; Keystone species; Disturbance; Environmental impact; Human ecology; Reviews DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0006-3568(2000)050(0333:HEAAKS)2.3.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate controls on forest soil C isotope ratios in the southern Appalachian mountains AN - 17519632; 4708609 AB - A large portion of terrestrial carbon (C) resides in soil organic carbon (SOC). The dynamics of this large reservoir depend on many factors, including climate. Measurements of super(13)C: super(12)C ratios, C concentrations, and C:N ratios at six forest sites in the Southern Appalachian Mountains (USA) were used to explore several hypotheses concerning the relative importance of factors that control soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition and SOC turnover. Mean delta super(13)C values increased with soil depth and decreasing C concentrations along a continuum from fresh litter inputs to more decomposed soil constituents. Data from the six forest sites, in combination with data from a literature review, indicate that the extent of change in delta super(13)C values from forest litter inputs to mineral soil ( similar to 20 cm deep) is significantly associated with mean annual temperature. The findings support a conceptual model of vertical changes in forest soil delta super(13)C values, C concentrations, and C:N ratios that are interrelated through climate controls on decomposition. We hypothesize that, if other environmental factors (like soil moisture) are not limiting, then temperature and litter quality indirectly control the extent of isotopic fractionation during SOM decomposition in temperate forest ecosystems. JF - Ecology AU - Garten, CT Jr AU - Cooper, L W AU - Post, WM III AU - Hanson, P J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA Y1 - 2000/04// PY - 2000 DA - Apr 2000 SP - 1108 EP - 1119 VL - 81 IS - 4 SN - 0012-9658, 0012-9658 KW - USA KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Soil KW - Isotopes KW - Carbon cycle KW - Forests KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17519632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=Climate+controls+on+forest+soil+C+isotope+ratios+in+the+southern+Appalachian+mountains&rft.au=Garten%2C+CT+Jr%3BCooper%2C+L+W%3BPost%2C+WM+III%3BHanson%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Garten&rft.aufirst=CT&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology&rft.issn=00129658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Forests; Isotopes; Carbon cycle ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of Novel Bifunctional Anion-Exchange Resins with Improved Selectivity for Pertechnetate Sorption from Contaminated Groundwater AN - 17683519; 4773663 AB - The present study evaluated a new class of bifunctional anion-exchange resins with improved selectivity and sorption kinetics for removing pertechnetate (TcO sub(4) super(-)) from contaminated groundwater. Both laboratory-column and field flow-through experiments were performed, and results indicated that superior performance of the bifunctional resins has been achieved through the use of two quaternary ammonium groups, one having long chains (trihexylamine) for higher selectivity for poorly hydrated large anions and one having shorter chains (triethylamine) for enhanced kinetics and exchange capacity. Field results indicated that the bifunctional resin performed similar to 5 times better than one of the best commercial monofunctional anion-exchange resins (e.g., Purolite A-520E) with respect to the removal of TcO sub(4) super(-) from contaminated groundwater. Less than 3% of TcO sub(4) super(-) breakthrough was observed after similar to 700 000 bed volumes (BV) of contaminated groundwater had been treated by the bifunctional resin column (at a flow rate of similar to 6 BV/min) at the U.S. Department of Energy's Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant site. The results also demonstrate that the new resin is particularly effective in removing low levels of TcO sub(4) super(-) (e.g., at nmol/L range), and a cost saving may be realized by using the bifunctional resins for the treatment of large quantities of contaminated groundwater because of its increased selectivity, treatment efficiency, and longevity. The new resin may also be applied for the efficient treatment of other poorly hydrated large anions such as perchlorate (ClO sub(4) super(-)) from contaminated groundwater or surface water. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Gu, B AU - Brown, G M AU - Bonnesen, P V AU - Liang, L AU - Moyer, BA AU - Ober, R AU - Alexandratos, S D AD - Environmental Sciences Division and Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA, gub1@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/03/15/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Mar 15 SP - 1075 EP - 1080 VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - anion exchange resins KW - perchlorate KW - pertechnetate KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Resins (-general-) KW - Anions KW - Decontamination KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Surface Water KW - Flow rates KW - Sorbents KW - Flow Rates KW - Water treatment KW - Water pollution treatment KW - Ion exchange KW - Sorption KW - Resins KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Anion Exchange KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Surface water (see also Lakes, Ponds, Streams) KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Pollution control KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17683519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Development+of+Novel+Bifunctional+Anion-Exchange+Resins+with+Improved+Selectivity+for+Pertechnetate+Sorption+from+Contaminated+Groundwater&rft.au=Gu%2C+B%3BBrown%2C+G+M%3BBonnesen%2C+P+V%3BLiang%2C+L%3BMoyer%2C+BA%3BOber%2C+R%3BAlexandratos%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2000-03-15&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1075&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sorption; Anions; Water pollution treatment; Radioactive wastes; Groundwater pollution; Ion exchange; Pollution control; Sorbents; Resins; Water treatment; Decontamination; Pollution (Groundwater); Resins (-general-); Surface water (see also Lakes, Ponds, Streams); Flow rates; Flow Rates; Water Pollution Treatment; Anion Exchange; Groundwater Pollution; Surface Water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethanol production from glucose and xylose by immobilized Zymomonas mobilis CP4 (pZB5) AN - 815536019; 13858844 AB - Fermentation of glucose-xylose mixtures to ethanol was investigated in batch and continuous experiments using immobilized recombinant Zymomonas mobilis CP4(pZB5). This microorganism was immobilized by entrapment in -carrageenan beads having a diameter of 1.5-2.5 mm. Batch experiments showed that the immobilized cells cofermented glucose and xylose to ethanol and that the presence of glucose improved the xylose utilization rate. Batch fermentation of rice straw hydrolysate containing 76 g/L of glucose and 33.8 g/L of xylose gave an ethanol concentration of 44.3 g/L after 24 h, corresponding to a yield of 0.46 g of ethanol/g of sugars. Comparable results were achieved with a synthetic sugar control. Continuous fermentation experiments were performed in a laboratory-scale fluidized-bed bioreactor (FBR). Glucose-xylose feed mixtures were pumped through the FBR at residence times of 2-4 h. Glucose conversion to ethanol was maintained above 98% in all experiments. Xylose conversion to ethanol was highest at 91.5% for a feed containing 50 g/L of glucose and 13 g/L of xylose at a dilution rate of 0.24/h. The xylose conversion to ethanol decreased with increasing feed xylose concentration, dilution rate, and age of the immobilized cells. Volumetric ethanol productivities in the range of 6.5-15.3 g/L.h were obtained. The improved productivities achieved in the FBR compared to other bioreactor systems can help in reducing the production costs of fuel ethanol from lignocellulosic sugars. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Krishnan, Mahesh S AU - Blanco, Maria AU - Shattuck, Christopher K AU - Nghiem, Nhuan P AU - Davison, Brian H AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bioprocessing Research and Development Center, 37831-6226, Oak Ridge, TN, ndp@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - Mar 2000 SP - 525 EP - 541 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 84-86 IS - 1-9 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Sugar KW - Age KW - Xylose KW - Fermentation KW - Residence time KW - Fuels KW - Glucose KW - Oryza sativa KW - Immobilized cells KW - Zymomonas mobilis KW - Feed composition KW - Recombinants KW - Production cost KW - Bioreactors KW - Microorganisms KW - Straw KW - Hydrolysates KW - Biotechnology KW - Ethanol KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815536019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Ethanol+production+from+glucose+and+xylose+by+immobilized+Zymomonas+mobilis+CP4+%28pZB5%29&rft.au=Krishnan%2C+Mahesh+S%3BBlanco%2C+Maria%3BShattuck%2C+Christopher+K%3BNghiem%2C+Nhuan+P%3BDavison%2C+Brian+H&rft.aulast=Krishnan&rft.aufirst=Mahesh&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=84-86&rft.issue=1-9&rft.spage=525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A84-86%3A1-9%3A525 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Recombinants; Xylose; Residence time; Production cost; Fermentation; Bioreactors; Glucose; Biotechnology; Feed composition; Sugar; Age; Fuels; Microorganisms; Immobilized cells; Straw; Hydrolysates; Ethanol; Oryza sativa; Zymomonas mobilis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:84-86:1-9:525 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic exchange in mineral-fluid systems; IV, The crystal chemical controls on oxygen isotope exchange rates in carbonate-H (sub 2) O and layer silicate-H (sub 2) O systems AN - 52378217; 2000-027136 AB - New experimental oxygen isotope exchange-rate data are presented on calcite, strontianite and witherite reacted with pure H (sub 2) O at 300 degrees C and 100 bars. New experimental O isotope exchange-rate data are also presented on chlorite, biotite and muscovite reacted with pure H (sub 2) O at 350 degrees C and 250 bar. The resulting data (as the fraction of exchange vs time) adequately fit using a pseudo-first order rate model and compared against the electrostatic lattice energies for each phase, normalized per number of cations. The correlations between rates and lattice energies agree for both mineral-H (sub 2) O systems, with an increase in oxygen isotope rates correlating with a decrease in the electrostatic attractive lattice energy. The increase in oxygen isotope rates also closely follows the increase in solubility and dissolution rates for these minerals. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Cole, David R Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - March 2000 SP - 921 EP - 931 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 64 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - muscovite KW - stable isotopes KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - mica group KW - strontianite KW - chlorite group KW - geochemistry KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - isotope ratios KW - mineral-water interface KW - O-18/O-16 KW - calcite KW - chlorite KW - witherite KW - biotite KW - sheet silicates KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52378217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Isotopic+exchange+in+mineral-fluid+systems%3B+IV%2C+The+crystal+chemical+controls+on+oxygen+isotope+exchange+rates+in+carbonate-H+%28sub+2%29+O+and+layer+silicate-H+%28sub+2%29+O+systems&rft.au=Cole%2C+David+R&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=921&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2899%2900357-9 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to Part 3 see Cole, D. R., Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, Vol. 56, p. 445-466, 1992 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biotite; calcite; carbonates; chemical reactions; chlorite; chlorite group; crystal chemistry; experimental studies; geochemistry; isotope ratios; isotopes; laboratory studies; mica group; mineral-water interface; muscovite; O-18/O-16; oxygen; phase equilibria; sheet silicates; silicates; stable isotopes; strontianite; water; witherite DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00357-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental determination of the partitioning behavior of rare earth and high field strength elements between pargasitic amphibole and natural silicate melts AN - 52372919; 2000-029858 AB - Partition coefficients for La, Sm, Gd, Lu, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ta, Nb between pargasitic amphibole and dacitic melts are presented for 2 and 5 kbar and 900-945 degrees C. The results are combined with published data to calculate two sets of expressions describing trace element partitioning. The shape of the partition value patterns are similar to those of basaltic systems but are systematically higher. The REE patterns for amphibole are convex with a maximum for Ho. The partition coefficients for REE and HFSE into amphibole in basaltic to low-Si rhyolite systems are predicted for 850-1100 degrees C and 2-20 kbar, and these regressions are applicable to a wide range of systems including MOR, volcanic arc and continental regimes. No rhyolite composition partitioning data were included in this study and the derived expressions cannot be extrapolated to high-SiO (sub 2) systems. Crystallization or melting of amphibole alone does not explain the HFSE depletion characteristic of arc magmas. But the similarity in the shape of the REE patterns of amphibole dacites to that of amphibole indicates the importance of the latter to hydrous intermediate melts. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Hilyard, Mark AU - Nielsen, Roger L AU - Beard, James S AU - Patino-Douce, Alberto AU - Blencoe, James Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - March 2000 SP - 1103 EP - 1120 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 64 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - natural materials KW - partial melting KW - melts KW - clinoamphibole KW - partitioning KW - laboratory studies KW - phase equilibria KW - basalts KW - rare earths KW - trace elements KW - P-T conditions KW - high-field-strength elements KW - chain silicates KW - experimental studies KW - rhyolites KW - amphibole group KW - pargasite KW - partition coefficients KW - metals KW - magmas KW - fractional crystallization KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52372919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Experimental+determination+of+the+partitioning+behavior+of+rare+earth+and+high+field+strength+elements+between+pargasitic+amphibole+and+natural+silicate+melts&rft.au=Hilyard%2C+Mark%3BNielsen%2C+Roger+L%3BBeard%2C+James+S%3BPatino-Douce%2C+Alberto%3BBlencoe%2C+James&rft.aulast=Hilyard&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2899%2900379-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 87 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amphibole group; basalts; chain silicates; clinoamphibole; experimental studies; fractional crystallization; high-field-strength elements; igneous rocks; laboratory studies; magmas; melts; metals; natural materials; P-T conditions; pargasite; partial melting; partition coefficients; partitioning; phase equilibria; rare earths; rhyolites; silicates; trace elements; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00379-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modified sulfur isotope compositions of sulfides in the nakhlites and Chassigny AN - 52370917; 2000-029859 AB - Analyses are presented of average compositions of sulphides in the nakhlites and Chassigny and of S isotopic compositions of pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite and pyrite. delta (super 34) S in the sulphides ranges from -6.1 to +4.90/00 and is larger than the range of sulphides in shergottites. The range of delta (super 34) S in sulphides in individual nakhlites equals the range for all shergottites, and occur in the mesostases with other late-stage crystallization features. delta (super 34) S values of pyrite in Chassigny are isotopically light (-2.9 to -1.50/00); this meteorite may spatially be related to the nakhlites due to similar cosmic-ray exposure ages, and the isotopically light sulphides may have been modified by isotopically light fluids as in the case of the nakhlites. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Greenwood, James P AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - McSween, Harry Y, Jr AU - Taylor, Lawrence A Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - March 2000 SP - 1121 EP - 1131 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 64 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - isotope fractionation KW - alteration KW - nakhlite KW - stony meteorites KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - Martian meteorites KW - chassignite KW - mass spectra KW - Nakhla Meteorite KW - stable isotopes KW - SNC Meteorites KW - meteorites KW - major elements KW - spectra KW - pyrrhotite KW - geochemistry KW - experimental studies KW - minor elements KW - isotope ratios KW - oxidation KW - magmatism KW - Lafayette Meteorite KW - Governador Valadares Meteorite KW - achondrites KW - S-34/S-32 KW - sulfur KW - pyrite KW - Chassigny Meteorite KW - sulfides KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52370917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Modified+sulfur+isotope+compositions+of+sulfides+in+the+nakhlites+and+Chassigny&rft.au=Greenwood%2C+James+P%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BMcSween%2C+Harry+Y%2C+Jr%3BTaylor%2C+Lawrence+A&rft.aulast=Greenwood&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2899%2900350-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; alteration; chassignite; Chassigny Meteorite; experimental studies; geochemistry; Governador Valadares Meteorite; ion probe data; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; Lafayette Meteorite; magmatism; major elements; Martian meteorites; mass spectra; meteorites; minor elements; Nakhla Meteorite; nakhlite; oxidation; pyrite; pyrrhotite; S-34/S-32; SNC Meteorites; spectra; stable isotopes; stony meteorites; sulfides; sulfur DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00350-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of novel bifunctional anion-exchange resins with improved selectivity for pertechnetate sorption from contaminated groundwater AN - 52251385; 2001-028825 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Brown, Gilbert M AU - Bonnesen, Peter V AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Moyer, Bruce A AU - Ober, Robert AU - Alexandratos, Spiro D Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - March 2000 SP - 1075 EP - 1080 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - sorption KW - resins KW - isotopes KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive fallout KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant KW - ion exchange KW - kinetics KW - technetium KW - anions KW - experimental studies KW - McCracken County Kentucky KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Tc-99 KW - pertechnetate KW - perchlorate KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - Kentucky KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52251385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Development+of+novel+bifunctional+anion-exchange+resins+with+improved+selectivity+for+pertechnetate+sorption+from+contaminated+groundwater&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BBrown%2C+Gilbert+M%3BBonnesen%2C+Peter+V%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BMoyer%2C+Bruce+A%3BOber%2C+Robert%3BAlexandratos%2C+Spiro+D&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1075&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anions; aquifers; experimental studies; ground water; ion exchange; isotopes; Kentucky; kinetics; McCracken County Kentucky; metals; nuclear facilities; Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant; perchlorate; pertechnetate; pollution; radioactive fallout; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; resins; sorption; surface water; Tc-99; technetium; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cambro-Ordovician stratigraphy; north-central Wyoming AN - 52226807; 2001-040805 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Clark, Bryn E AU - Myrow, Paul M AU - Ripperdan, Robert L AU - Ethington, Raymond L AU - Taylor, John AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - March 2000 SP - 6 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - Upper Ordovician KW - United States KW - Basin and Range Province KW - isotopes KW - Cambrian KW - Ordovician KW - sedimentary rocks KW - sediments KW - chemostratigraphy KW - stratigraphy KW - North America KW - Gallitain Formation KW - Conodonta KW - biostratigraphy KW - Paleozoic KW - Great Basin KW - correlation KW - Bighorn Dolomite KW - Wyoming KW - biozones KW - unconformities KW - Cookstove Basin KW - Colorado KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52226807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Cambro-Ordovician+stratigraphy%3B+north-central+Wyoming&rft.au=Clark%2C+Bryn+E%3BMyrow%2C+Paul+M%3BRipperdan%2C+Robert+L%3BEthington%2C+Raymond+L%3BTaylor%2C+John%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Bryn&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Rocky Mountain Section, 52nd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Basin and Range Province; Bighorn Dolomite; biostratigraphy; biozones; Cambrian; chemostratigraphy; Colorado; Conodonta; Cookstove Basin; correlation; Gallitain Formation; Great Basin; isotopes; microfossils; North America; Ordovician; Paleozoic; sedimentary rocks; sediments; stratigraphy; unconformities; United States; Upper Ordovician; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature and pressure estimates of Acadian metamorphism in the inner Piedmont, North Carolina AN - 52067471; 2002-066495 AB - The Inner Piedmont is now considered the southern Appalachian Acadian metamorphic core. It contains a mappable stratigraphy and a structural style characterized by a stack of west- and southwest-vergent plastic thrust sheets. Despite the tectonic significance of the Inner Piedmont, the nature and timing of metamorphism for this part of the Appalachian crystalline core remains poorly understood. New petrographic, microstructural, and chemical analyses of samples from the North Carolina Inner Piedmont help delimit the metamorphic and tectonic history of the Acadian orogen in the southern Appalachians. Tallulah Falls Formation and Walker Top gneiss assemblages from the western and central North Carolina Inner Piedmont were analyzed using an electron microprobe. The Walker Top gneiss mineral assemblage consists of microcline, biotite, quartz, plagioclase (An30), and ilmenite. The Tallulah Falls Formation mineral assemblage consists of quartz, plagioclase (An25), biotite, muscovite, K-feldspar, sillimanite (or kyanite), garnet, and ilmenite. Preliminary geothermometry and geobarometry indicate that the Walker Top gneiss was subjected to lower P-T conditions than surrounding metasedimentary units of the Tallulah Falls Formation. Examination of Fe-Mg partitioning between garnet and biotite, and analyses of plagioclase-garnet-biotite-muscovite grains in the Walker Top gneiss yield temperatures of 520-620 degrees C and pressures of 3.5-5.4 kb. The mineral assemblage of the Tallulah Falls Formation requires minimum temperatures of 625-725 degrees C, but current EMP analyses yield temperatures of 600-750 degrees C. Additional analyses of samples will be used to construct a thermobarometric transect from the Brevard fault to the core of the Inner Piedmont. These data will test previous hypotheses about the large-scale structure and metamorphism here. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bier, Sara E AU - Giorgis, Scott D AU - Bream, Brendan R AU - Williams, Scott T AU - Hatcher, Robert D, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - March 2000 SP - 6 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - North America KW - pressure KW - Paleozoic KW - Appalachians KW - Acadian Phase KW - metamorphism KW - temperature KW - mineral composition KW - North Carolina KW - Tallulah Falls Formation KW - Walker Top Gneiss KW - Piedmont KW - P-T conditions KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52067471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Temperature+and+pressure+estimates+of+Acadian+metamorphism+in+the+inner+Piedmont%2C+North+Carolina&rft.au=Bier%2C+Sara+E%3BGiorgis%2C+Scott+D%3BBream%2C+Brendan+R%3BWilliams%2C+Scott+T%3BHatcher%2C+Robert+D%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bier&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 49th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acadian Phase; Appalachians; metamorphism; mineral composition; North America; North Carolina; P-T conditions; Paleozoic; Piedmont; pressure; Tallulah Falls Formation; temperature; United States; Walker Top Gneiss ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sequence-structure specificity of a knowledge based energy function at the secondary structure level AN - 17903518; 5148150 AB - This paper investigates the sequence-structure specificity of a representative knowledge based energy function by applying it to threading at the level of secondary structures of proteins. Assessing the strengths and weaknesses of an energy function at this fundamental level provides more detailed and insightful information than at the tertiary structure level and the results obtained can be useful in tertiary level threading. We threaded each of the 293 non-redundant proteins onto the secondary structures contained in its respective native protein (host template). We also used 68 pairs of proteins with similar folds and low sequence identity. For each pair, we threaded the sequence of one protein onto the secondary structures of the other protein. The discerning power of the total energy function and its one-body, pairwise, and mutation components is studied. We then applied our energy function to a recent study which demonstrated how a designed 11-amino acid sequence can replace distinct segments (one segment is an alpha -helix, the other is a beta -sheet) of a protein without changing its fold. We conducted random mutations of the designed sequence to determine the patterns for favorable mutations. We also studied the sequence-structure specificity at the boundaries of a secondary structure. Finally, we demonstrated how to speed up tertiary level threading by filtering out alignments found to be energetically unfavorable during the secondary structure threading. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Xu, Dong AU - Unseren, MA AU - Xu, Ying AU - Uberbacher, E C AD - Computational Biosciences Section, Life Sciences Division Center for Engineering Science Advanced Research, Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6480, USA, xud@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - Mar 2000 SP - 257 EP - 268 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Protein structure KW - Secondary structure KW - Energetics KW - Bioinformatics KW - Computer applications KW - W3 33080:Bioinformatics and computer applications KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17903518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Sequence-structure+specificity+of+a+knowledge+based+energy+function+at+the+secondary+structure+level&rft.au=Xu%2C+Dong%3BUnseren%2C+MA%3BXu%2C+Ying%3BUberbacher%2C+E+C&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Dong&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioinformatics; Computer applications; Secondary structure; Energetics; Protein structure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic variation and spatial structure in sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and implications for predicted global-scale environmental change AN - 17618186; 4753689 AB - Current ecosystem model predictions concerning the effects of global temperature increase on forest responses do not account for factors influencing long-term evolutionary dynamics of natural populations. Population structure and genetic variability may represent important factors in a species' ability to adapt to global-scale environmental change without experiencing major alterations in current range limits. Genetic variation and structure in sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) were examined across three regions, between two stands within regions, and among four to five open-pollinated families within stands (total N = 547 genotypes) using 58 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Differences within open-pollinated families account for the largest portion of the total variation (29%), while differences among regions represent less than 2% of the total variation. Genetic diversity, as indicated by estimates of percent polymorphic loci, expected heterozygosity, fixation coefficients, and genetic distance, is greatest in the southern region, which consists of populations with the maximum potential risk due to climate change effects. The high level of genetic similarity (greater than 90%) among some genotypes suggests that gene flow is occurring among regions, stands, and families. High levels of genetic variation among families indicate that vegetational models designed to predict species' response to global-scale environmental change may need to consider the degree and hierarchical structure of genetic variation when making large-scale inferences. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Gunter, EL AU - Tuskan, A G AU - Gunderson, A C AU - Norby, J R AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6034, USA Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - Mar 2000 SP - 335 EP - 344 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Genetic variance KW - Spatial distribution KW - Global warming KW - Models KW - D 04099:Ecosystem studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17618186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Genetic+variation+and+spatial+structure+in+sugar+maple+%28Acer+saccharum+Marsh.%29+and+implications+for+predicted+global-scale+environmental+change&rft.au=Gunter%2C+EL%3BTuskan%2C+A+G%3BGunderson%2C+A+C%3BNorby%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Gunter&rft.aufirst=EL&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2486.2000.00313.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genetic variance; Spatial distribution; Global warming; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00313.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil carbon sequestration and land-use change: processes and potential AN - 17614228; 4753687 AB - When agricultural land is no longer used for cultivation and allowed to revert to natural vegetation or replanted to perennial vegetation, soil organic carbon can accumulate. This accumulation process essentially reverses some of the effects responsible for soil organic carbon losses from when the land was converted from perennial vegetation. We discuss the essential elements of what is known about soil organic matter dynamics that may result in enhanced soil carbon sequestration with changes in land-use and soil management. We review literature that reports changes in soil organic carbon after changes in land-use that favour carbon accumulation. This data summary provides a guide to approximate rates of SOC sequestration that are possible with management, and indicates the relative importance of some factors that influence the rates of organic carbon sequestration in soil. There is a large variation in the length of time for and the rate at which carbon may accumulate in soil, related to the productivity of the recovering vegetation, physical and biological conditions in the soil, and the past history of soil organic carbon inputs and physical disturbance. Maximum rates of C accumulation during the early aggrading stage of perennial vegetation growth, while substantial, are usually much less than 100 g C m super(-2) y super(-) Average rates of accumulation are similar for forest or grassland establishment: 33.8 g C m super(-2) y super(-1) and 33.2 g C m super(-2) y super(-1), respectively. These observed rates of soil organic C accumulation, when combined with the small amount of land area involved, are insufficient to account for a significant fraction of the missing C in the global carbon cycle as accumulating in the soils of formerly agricultural land. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Post, M W AU - Kwon, C K AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA, Chemical Engineering Department, Tuskeegee University, Tuskeegee, AL 36088, USA Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - Mar 2000 SP - 317 EP - 327 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - carbon KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Organic matter KW - Soil chemistry KW - Land reclamation KW - Land use KW - Soil nutrients KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17614228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Soil+carbon+sequestration+and+land-use+change%3A+processes+and+potential&rft.au=Post%2C+M+W%3BKwon%2C+C+K&rft.aulast=Post&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2486.2000.00308.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil chemistry; Soil nutrients; Land use; Land reclamation; Organic matter DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00308.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Food resources of stream macroinvertebrates determined by natural-abundance stable C and N isotopes and a super(15)N tracer addition AN - 17536726; 4714756 AB - Trophic relationships were examined using natural-abundance super(13)C and super(15)N analyses and a super(15)N-tracer addition experiment in Walker Branch, a 1st-order forested stream in eastern Tennessee. In the super(15)N-tracer addition experiment, we added super(15)NH sub(4) to stream water over a 6-wk period in early spring, and measured super(15)N: super(14)N ratios in different taxa and biomass compartments over distance and time. Samples collected from a station upstream from the super(15)N addition provided data on natural-abundance super(13)C: super(12)C and super(15)N: super(14)N ratios. The natural-abundance super(15)N analysis proved to be of limited value in identifying food resources of macroinvertebrates because super(15)N values were not greatly different among food resources. In general, the natural-abundance stable isotope approach was most useful for determining whether epilithon or detritus were important food resources for organisms that may use both (e.g., the snail Elimia clavaeformis), and to provide corroborative evidence of food resources of taxa for which the super(15)N tracer results were not definitive. The super(15)N tracer results showed that the mayflies Stenonema spp. and Baetis spp. assimilated primarily epilithon, although Baetis appeared to assimilate a portion of the epilithon (e.g., algal cells) with more rapid N turnover than the bulk pool sampled. Although Elimia did not reach isotopic equilibrium during the tracer experiment, application of a N-turnover model to the field data suggested that it assimilated a combination of epilithon and detritus. The amphipod Gammarus minus appeared to depend mostly on fine benthic organic matter (FBOM), and the coleopteran Anchytarsus bicolor on epixylon. The caddisfly Diplectrona modesta appeared to assimilate primarily a fast N-turnover portion of the FBOM pool, and Simuliidae a fast N-turnover component of the suspended particulate organic matter pool rather than the bulk pool sampled. Together, the natural-abundance stable C and N isotope analyses and the experimental super(15)N tracer approach proved to be very useful tools for identifying food resources in this stream ecosystem. JF - Journal of the North American Benthological Society AU - Mulholland, P J AU - Tank, J L AU - Sanzone, D M AU - Wollheim, WM AU - Peterson, B J AU - Webster, J R AU - Meyer, J L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, mulhollandpj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - Mar 2000 SP - 145 EP - 157 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0887-3593, 0887-3593 KW - Club elimia KW - Mayflies KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Rivers KW - Diets KW - Food organisms KW - Elimia clavaeformis KW - Diplectrona modesta KW - Radioactive labelling KW - Carbon isotopes KW - Freshwater KW - Trophic relationships KW - Streams KW - Anchytarsus bicolor KW - Gammarus minus KW - USA, Tennessee, Walker Branch KW - Feeding behaviour KW - Ephemeroptera KW - Food sources KW - Tracer techniques KW - Periphyton KW - Nitrogen isotopes KW - Detritus KW - Nitrogen KW - Q1 08302:Geographical distribution KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Q1 08281:General KW - Z 05210:Aquatic entomology KW - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits KW - Q1 08261:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17536726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.atitle=Food+resources+of+stream+macroinvertebrates+determined+by+natural-abundance+stable+C+and+N+isotopes+and+a+super%2815%29N+tracer+addition&rft.au=Mulholland%2C+P+J%3BTank%2C+J+L%3BSanzone%2C+D+M%3BWollheim%2C+WM%3BPeterson%2C+B+J%3BWebster%2C+J+R%3BMeyer%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Mulholland&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.issn=08873593&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Rivers; Food organisms; Feeding behaviour; Carbon isotopes; Nitrogen isotopes; Periphyton; Tracer techniques; Trophic relationships; Detritus; Food sources; Radioactive labelling; Streams; Nitrogen; Gammarus minus; Anchytarsus bicolor; Elimia clavaeformis; Ephemeroptera; Diplectrona modesta; USA, Tennessee, Walker Branch; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Framework for Understanding and Improving Environmental Decision Making AN - 17516259; 4703461 AB - This paper presents a framework for understanding and improving public sector environmental decision making. Within the framework, four interrelated components are discussed: (1) the environmental and cultural context-understanding this context includes understanding what people consider to be environmental problems, the goals and values that they bring to environmental problems and decision processes, specialized and common knowledge about environmental problems, and the institutional settings within which problems are addressed; (2) planning and appraisal activities--these activities include forecasting and monitoring exercises, evaluations of past decisions, and decisions that processes ought to be launched to solve specific environmental problems; (3) decision-making modes--these include six typical ways of conducting an environmental problem-solving process, modes which, in the framework, are called emergency action, routine procedures, analysis-centred, elite corps, conflict management and collaborative learning; (4) decision actions--these include five generic steps that are undertaken, formally or intuitively, in virtually any decision-making situation: issue familiarization; criteria setting; option construction; option assessment; and reaching a decision. In the course of describing the framework, we show a decision-making process can be adapted to incorporate sustainability concerns, including fostering sustainable environmental and social systems, meeting obligations to future generations, and searching for robust and reasonable (rather than rigidly optimal) decisions. The framework also helps to illuminate intriguing questions regarding institutional responsibility, decision process complexity and paradigms for environmental decision making. JF - Journal of Environmental Planning and Management AU - Tonn, B AU - English, M AU - Travis, C AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Building 4500N, MS-6207 Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - Mar 2000 SP - 163 EP - 183 VL - 43 IS - 2 SN - 0964-0568, 0964-0568 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Development projects KW - Sustainable development KW - Human factors KW - Environment management KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17516259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=A+Framework+for+Understanding+and+Improving+Environmental+Decision+Making&rft.au=Tonn%2C+B%3BEnglish%2C+M%3BTravis%2C+C&rft.aulast=Tonn&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=09640568&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09640560010658 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environment management; Human factors; Sustainable development; Development projects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09640560010658 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fish Behavior in Relation to Passage through Hydropower Turbines: A Review AN - 17511657; 4700254 AB - We evaluated the literature on fish behavior as it relates to passage of fish near or through hydropower turbines. Our goal was to foster compatibility of engineered systems with the normal behavior patterns of fish species and life stages such that passage into turbines and injury in passage are minimized. In particular, we focused on aspects of fish behavior that could be used for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of fish trajectories through turbine systems. Salmon smolts approaching dams are generally surface oriented and follow flow. They can be diverted from turbines by spills or bypasses, with varying degrees of effectiveness. Smolts typically become disoriented in dam forebays. Those smolts drawn into turbine intakes orient vertically to the ceilings but are horizontally distributed more evenly, except as they are affected by intake-specific turbulence and vortices. Smolts often enter intakes while oriented with their heads upstream, but they may change orientation in the flow fields of the intake. Nonsalmonids most often enter intakes from the vicinities of shorelines, and they do so episodically, which suggests accidental capture of schools (often of juveniles or in cold water) and little behavioral control during turbine passage. Models of fish trajectories should not assume neutral buoyancy throughout the time period during which a fish passes through a turbine, largely because of pressure effects on swim bladders and the resulting compensatory behavior. Fish use their lateral line system to sense obstacles and to change their orientation, but this sensory-response system may not be effective in the rapid passage times and complex pressure regimes of turbine systems. The effects of preexisting stress levels on fish performance in turbine passage (especially as they affect trajectories) are not known but may be important. There are practical limits of observation and measurement of fish and flows in the proximity of turbines that may inhibit the development of much information that is germane to developing a more fish-friendly turbine. We provide recommendations for CFD modelers of fish passage and for additional research. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Coutant, C C AU - Whitney, R R AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, coutantcc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - Mar 2000 SP - 351 EP - 380 VL - 129 IS - 2 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Salmonids KW - hydropower turbines KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Biological stress KW - Entrainment KW - Anadromous species KW - Fish Passages KW - Hydroelectric Plants KW - Avoidance reactions KW - Freshwater fish KW - River fisheries KW - Orientation behaviour KW - Human impact KW - Pisces KW - Migratory species KW - Fishery management KW - Salmonidae KW - Literature Review KW - Salmon KW - Rivers KW - Fishways KW - Lateral line KW - Smolts KW - Animal welfare KW - River engineering KW - Turbines KW - Salmon fisheries KW - Literature reviews KW - Reviews KW - Nature conservation KW - Hydroelectric power plants KW - Fish Behavior KW - Fish Migration KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - SW 6090:Fisheries engineering KW - Q1 08421:Migrations and rhythms KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - Y 25885:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17511657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Fish+Behavior+in+Relation+to+Passage+through+Hydropower+Turbines%3A+A+Review&rft.au=Coutant%2C+C+C%3BWhitney%2C+R+R&rft.aulast=Coutant&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Biological stress; Lateral line; Entrainment; Fishways; Anadromous species; Smolts; Avoidance reactions; Freshwater fish; River engineering; River fisheries; Orientation behaviour; Salmon fisheries; Fishery management; Literature reviews; Migratory species; Nature conservation; Hydroelectric power plants; Reviews; Animal welfare; Human impact; Salmon; Turbines; Hydroelectric Plants; Fish Passages; Literature Review; Fish Migration; Fish Behavior; Pisces; Salmonidae ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying sequence similarities between DNA molecules. AN - 71006356; 10741675 AB - An atomic force microscope (AFM) imaging technique is described to compare sequences between two different DNA molecules and precisely locate nonhomologies in DNA strands. Sequence comparisons are made by forming heteroduplexes between the two molecules and, by AFM imaging the intact molecules formed, identifying both homologous and nonhomologous regions. By forming heteroduplexes between linearized wildtype pSV-beta-galactosidase plasmid (6821 bp) and a series of deletion mutants we have identified nonhomologies (deletions) as small as 22 bp and as large as 418 bp. Furthermore, by incorporating our technique for AFM-mediated restriction mapping of DNA these mutations can be positioned relative to EcoRI restriction sites. These results suggest AFM can be useful in identifying molecular level similarities and differences in DNA. JF - Ultramicroscopy AU - Hoyt, P R AU - Doktycz, M J AU - Modrich, P AU - Warmack, R J AU - Allison, D P AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6123, USA. Y1 - 2000/02// PY - 2000 DA - February 2000 SP - 237 EP - 244 VL - 82 IS - 1-4 SN - 0304-3991, 0304-3991 KW - Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes KW - 0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Deoxyribonuclease EcoRI KW - EC 3.1.21.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes -- chemistry KW - Microscopy, Atomic Force -- methods KW - Sequence Homology KW - Plasmids -- chemistry KW - Mutagenesis, Insertional KW - Sequence Deletion KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - DNA -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71006356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ultramicroscopy&rft.atitle=Identifying+sequence+similarities+between+DNA+molecules.&rft.au=Hoyt%2C+P+R%3BDoktycz%2C+M+J%3BModrich%2C+P%3BWarmack%2C+R+J%3BAllison%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Hoyt&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2000-02-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ultramicroscopy&rft.issn=03043991&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-04-25 N1 - Date created - 2000-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electron absorbed fractions and dose conversion factors for marrow and bone by skeletal regions. AN - 70870715; 10647986 AB - The possible inductions of bone cancer and leukemia are the two health effects of primary concern in the irradiation of the skeleton. The relevant target tissues to consider in the dosimetric evaluation have been the cells on or near endosteal surfaces of bone, from which osteosarcomas are thought to arise, and hematopoietic bone marrow, which is associated with leukemia. The complex geometry of the soft tissue-bone intermixture makes calculations of absorbed doses to these target regions a difficult problem. In the case of photon or neutron radiations, charged particle equilibrium may not exist in the vicinity of a soft tissue-bone mineral interface. In this paper, absorbed fraction data are developed for calculations of the dose in the target tissues from electron emitters deposited within the volume or on the surfaces of trabecular bone. The skeletal average absorbed fractions presented are consistent with usage of this quantity in the contemporary dosimetric formulations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Implementation of the new bone and marrow model is then developed within the context of the calculational schema of the Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) Committee. Model parameters relevant to the calculation of dose conversion factors (S values) for different regions of the skeleton of individuals of various age are described, and an example calculation is performed for a monoclonal antibody which localizes in the marrow. The utility of these calculations for radiation dose calculations in nuclear medicine is discussed. JF - Health physics AU - Eckerman, K F AU - Stabin, M G AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831, USA. kfe@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/02// PY - 2000 DA - February 2000 SP - 199 EP - 214 VL - 78 IS - 2 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Index Medicus KW - Age Factors KW - Radiation Protection KW - Photons KW - Humans KW - Osteosarcoma -- epidemiology KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Child KW - Risk Assessment KW - Child, Preschool KW - Infant KW - Neutrons KW - Adult KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Bone Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Leukemia, Radiation-Induced -- epidemiology KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- epidemiology KW - Bone and Bones -- radiation effects KW - Bone Marrow -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70870715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Electron+absorbed+fractions+and+dose+conversion+factors+for+marrow+and+bone+by+skeletal+regions.&rft.au=Eckerman%2C+K+F%3BStabin%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Eckerman&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2000-02-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-02-03 N1 - Date created - 2000-02-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photochemistry of pyrene on unactivated and activated silica surfaces AN - 52282614; 2001-005338 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Reyes, Celso A AU - Medina, Myriam AU - Crespo-Hernandez, Carlos AU - Cedeno, Mayra Z AU - Arce, Rafael AU - Rosario, Osvaldo AU - Steffenson, Daniel M AU - Ivanov, Ilia N AU - Sigman, Michael E AU - Dabestani, Reza Y1 - 2000/02// PY - 2000 DA - February 2000 SP - 415 EP - 421 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - colloidal materials KW - degradation KW - oxidation KW - photochemistry KW - mineral-water interface KW - gels KW - pyrene KW - photodegradation KW - organic compounds KW - photolysis KW - hydrocarbons KW - chemical properties KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - particulate materials KW - ion exchange KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52282614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Photochemistry+of+pyrene+on+unactivated+and+activated+silica+surfaces&rft.au=Reyes%2C+Celso+A%3BMedina%2C+Myriam%3BCrespo-Hernandez%2C+Carlos%3BCedeno%2C+Mayra+Z%3BArce%2C+Rafael%3BRosario%2C+Osvaldo%3BSteffenson%2C+Daniel+M%3BIvanov%2C+Ilia+N%3BSigman%2C+Michael+E%3BDabestani%2C+Reza&rft.aulast=Reyes&rft.aufirst=Celso&rft.date=2000-02-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=415&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; chemical properties; colloidal materials; degradation; gels; hydrocarbons; ion exchange; mineral-water interface; organic compounds; oxidation; particulate materials; photochemistry; photodegradation; photolysis; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; pyrene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-Integrated, Flux-Based Monitoring Using Semipermeable Membrane Devices to Estimate the Contribution of Industrial Facilities to Regional Polychlorinated Biphenyl Budgets AN - 21058487; 7926469 AB - Passive monitoring of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMD) was employed to evaluate the contribution of point and nonpoint sources to the flux of PCB in a drainage system encompassing three U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) industrial and research facilities in eastern Tennessee, USA. Polychlorinated biphenyls concentrations were highest at outfalls containing process waste from the DOE industrial facilities. The significance of these releases was evaluated by calculating the PCB flux (mass per unit time) at different monitoring locations. The flux was calculated from the time- integrated estimates of the aqueous concentrations of PCB and estimates of the volumetric flow rates of discharges and receiving streams during the deployment period. The DOE discharges accounted for most of the flux of PCB entering the Clinch River from the DOE drainage areas, but these sources constituted only 10% of the flux in the Clinch River about the DOE sources. Principal components analysis was helpful in attributing sources of PCB. In a stream receiving multiple inputs of PCB, congener profiles from upstream sources and discrete discharges were consistent with a mixture of those congener profiles in the downstream receiving water. In another stream with a single upstream source of PCB, changes in PCB flux and congener profiles suggested an apparent steady-state distribution between dissolved PCB and PCB adsorbed to organic matter on the streambed. The flux of dissolved PCB along different stream reaches reflected changes in the sediment organic content. Subtle alterations in congener profiles moving downstream suggested preferential desorption of less chlorinated congeners and sorption of more highly chlorinated congeners to sediment. Time- integrated, flux-based monitoring can be useful across a range of spatial scales for evaluating the significance of point and nonpoint contaminant sources and can help identify and prioritize feasible remedial alternatives. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - McCarthy, John F AU - Southworth, George R AU - Ham, Kenneth D AU - Palmer, Jennifer A AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA Y1 - 2000/02// PY - 2000 DA - February 2000 SP - 352 EP - 359 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. PO Box 1897 Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com] VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Semipermeable membrane devices KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Principle components analysis KW - Surface water KW - Budget KW - Semipermeable Membranes KW - Congeners KW - Sedimentation KW - PCB KW - Rivers KW - Sorption KW - Nonpoint sources KW - principal components analysis KW - Wastes KW - Outfalls KW - Sediment-water interface KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Profiles KW - Principal components analysis KW - Monitoring KW - Contaminants KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - USA, Tennessee, Clinch R. KW - Streams KW - Flow rates KW - upstream KW - Firing rate KW - Industrial wastes KW - Receiving Waters KW - Sediment transport KW - PCB compounds KW - Sediment pollution KW - Desorption KW - Drainage KW - Organic matter KW - Geochemistry KW - Nonpoint Pollution Sources KW - Sediments KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Drainage systems KW - Energy KW - downstream KW - Fluctuations KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21058487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Time-Integrated%2C+Flux-Based+Monitoring+Using+Semipermeable+Membrane+Devices+to+Estimate+the+Contribution+of+Industrial+Facilities+to+Regional+Polychlorinated+Biphenyl+Budgets&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+John+F%3BSouthworth%2C+George+R%3BHam%2C+Kenneth+D%3BPalmer%2C+Jennifer+A&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2000-02-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/10.1897%2F1551-5028%282000%29019-0352%3ATIFBMU%3E2.3.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Pollution monitoring; Sediment-water interface; Industrial wastes; Organic matter; Geochemistry; Sediment transport; Sedimentation; PCB; Rivers; Sorption; Nonpoint sources; Desorption; Drainage; Wastes; Streams; Sediments; Firing rate; polychlorinated biphenyls; Drainage systems; Energy; Principal components analysis; Congeners; Contaminants; Outfalls; upstream; principal components analysis; downstream; PCB compounds; Flow rates; Semipermeable Membranes; Profiles; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Nonpoint Pollution Sources; Receiving Waters; Monitoring; Fluctuations; USA, Tennessee; USA, Tennessee, Clinch R. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(2000)019-0352:TIFBMU>2.3.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Light-induced disappearance of nitrite in the presence of iron (III) AN - 18021530; 4671277 AB - Understanding of rapid disappearance of nitrite in natural waters and its impact on nitrogen natural cycling has remained limited. We found that NO sub(2) super(-) disappeared rapidly in pH 3.2 aqueous Fe(III) solutions both in sunlight and in 356 nm light. Quantum yields of the NO sub(2) super(-) loss at 356 nm were 0.049-0.14 for initial levels of 10-80 mu m NO sub(2) super(-) and 200 mu m Fe(III). The NO sub(2) super(-) loss (at 356 nm) followed apparent first-order kinetics. The rate constants were 1.3 x 10 super(-3) (40 mu m NO sub(2) super(-)) and 4.1 x 10 super(-4) s super(-1) (80 mu m NO sub(2) super(-)) for 100 mu m Fe(III), and 2.3 x 10 super(-3) (40 mu m NO sub(2) super(-)) and 7.5 x 10 super(-4) s super(-1) (80 mu m NO sub(2) super(-1)) for 200 mu m Fe(III) (t sub(1/2) = 8.7, 27.9, 5.1, and 15.3 min, respectively). The rate constants were directly proportional to [Fe(III)] sub(0) and inversely proportional to [NO sub(2) super(-)] sub(0). Agreement between the rate constants obtained experimentally and those calculated mechanistically supports the hypothesis that NO sub(2) super(-) was oxidized to NO sub(2) by times OH radicals from photolysis of FeOH super(2+) complexes, and at high [NO sub(2) super(-)] sub(0) (e.g., 80 mu m) relative to [Fe(III)] sub(0), hydrolysis of NO sub(2) or N sub(2)O sub(4) to form NO sub(3) super(-) and NO sub(2) super(-) could be significant. This study showed that light and Fe(III)-induced oxidation of NO sub(2) super(-) (rate= similar to 10 super(-1)-10 super(-2) mu m s super(-1)) was more rapid than its direct photolysis (rate= similar to 10 super(-4) mu m s super(-1)), and the photolysis could be a significant source of similar to OH radicals only in cases where the Fe(III) level is much lower than the NO sub(2) super(-) level ([Fe(III)]/[NO sub(2) super(-)] < 1/80). This study suggests that the light and Fe(III)-induced oxidation of NO sub(2) super(-) would be one potential important pathway responsible for the rapid transformation of NO sub(2) super(-) in acidic surface waters, especially those affected by acid-mine drainage or volcanic activities. This study also may be of interest for modeling certain acidic atmospheric water environments. JF - Chemosphere AU - Zhang, H AU - Bartlett, R J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, 2hz@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/02// PY - 2000 DA - Feb 2000 SP - 411 EP - 418 VL - 40 IS - 4 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Fe (III) KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Photochemistry KW - Surface water KW - Mine drainage KW - Solar radiation KW - Chemical kinetics KW - Water analysis KW - Mine tailings KW - Fresh water KW - Acidity KW - Photolysis KW - Aquatic environment KW - Fate KW - Light effects KW - Water quality control KW - Photodegradation KW - Nitrites KW - Oxidation KW - Chemical pollutants KW - Iron KW - Pollution control KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18021530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Light-induced+disappearance+of+nitrite+in+the+presence+of+iron+%28III%29&rft.au=Zhang%2C+H%3BBartlett%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2000-02-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Science for Environmental Toxicology. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Photochemistry; Photolysis; Surface water; Chemical kinetics; Solar radiation; Mine tailings; Fate; Aquatic environment; Light effects; Water quality control; Fresh water; Nitrites; Oxidation; Acidity; Chemical pollutants; Pollution control; Photodegradation; Mine drainage; Iron; Water analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of the topoisomerase-II inhibitor etoposide on meiotic recombination in male mice. AN - 70874047; 10648907 AB - Unlike other chemicals that have been tested in mammalian germ cells, the type-II topoisomerase inhibitor etoposide exhibits significant mutagenicity in primary spermatocytes. Because this is the cell stage during which meiotic recombination normally occurs, and because topoisomerases play a role in recombination, we studied the effect of etoposide on crossing-over in male mice. Exposure to those meiotic prophase stages (probably early to mid-pachytene) during which specific-locus deletion mutations can be induced resulted in decreased crossing-over in the p-Tyr(c) interval of mouse chromosome 7. Accompanying cytological studies with fluorescent antibodies indicated that while there was no detectable effect on the number of recombination nodules (MLH1 foci), there were marked changes in the stage of appearance and localization of RAD51 and RPA proteins. These temporal and spatial protein patterns suggest the formation of multiple lesions in the DNA after MLH1 has already disappeared from spermatocytes. Since etoposide blocks religation of the cut made by type II topoisomerases, repair of DNA damage may result in rejoining of the original DNA strands, undoing the reciprocal exchange that had already occurred and resulting in reduced crossing-over despite a normal frequency of MLH1 foci. Crossing-over could conceivably be affected differentially in different chromosomal regions. If, however, the predominant action of etoposide is to decrease homologous meiotic recombination, the chemical could be expected to increase nondisjunction, an event associated with human genetic risk. Three periods in spermatogenesis respond to etoposide in different ways. Exposure of (a) late differentiating spermatogonia (and, possibly, preleptotene spermatocytes) results in cell death; (b) early- to mid-pachytene induces specific-locus deletions and crossover reduction; and, (c) late pachytene-through-diakinesis leads to genetically unbalanced conceptuses as a result of clastogenic damage. JF - Mutation research AU - Russell, L B AU - Hunsicker, P R AU - Hack, A M AU - Ashley, T AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. russelllb@bioax1.bio.ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/01/24/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Jan 24 SP - 201 EP - 212 VL - 464 IS - 2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Nuclear Proteins KW - Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors KW - Replication Protein A KW - Rpa1 protein, mouse KW - SYCP3 protein, human KW - Sycp3 protein, mouse KW - Topoisomerase II Inhibitors KW - Etoposide KW - 6PLQ3CP4P3 KW - Rad51 Recombinase KW - EC 2.7.7.- KW - Rad51 protein, mouse KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Testis -- metabolism KW - Synaptonemal Complex -- drug effects KW - Spermatocytes -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Spermatogenesis -- drug effects KW - Spermatocytes -- cytology KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Spermatocytes -- metabolism KW - Cross-Over Studies KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Crosses, Genetic KW - Nuclear Proteins -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Male KW - Testis -- cytology KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Etoposide -- pharmacology KW - Meiosis -- drug effects KW - Recombination, Genetic -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70874047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Effect+of+the+topoisomerase-II+inhibitor+etoposide+on+meiotic+recombination+in+male+mice.&rft.au=Russell%2C+L+B%3BHunsicker%2C+P+R%3BHack%2C+A+M%3BAshley%2C+T&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2000-01-24&rft.volume=464&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-05-23 N1 - Date created - 2000-05-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laser desorption/ionization coupled to tandem mass spectrometry for real-time monitoring of paraquat on the surface of environmental particles. AN - 71759459; 10931548 AB - Aerosol mass spectrometry with laser desorption/ionization was investigated as a possible tool for real-time monitoring of the presence of the pesticide paraquat on the surface of airborne soil particles. Laser desorption/ionization of paraquat dication produced only singly charged ions. The most abundant species were [M](+.), [M - H](+), and [M - CH3](+). Operation of the ion trap mass spectrometer in the MS(3) mode allowed the reduction of the signal dependence on laser fluence fluctuations and permitted the detection of the analyte with good sensitivity and high selectivity. The estimated limit of detection in terms of surface coverage was 0.016 monolayers, approximately 1 attomole of paraquat on the surface of a single micron-sized soil particle. JF - Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM AU - Lazar, A C AU - Reilly, P T AU - Whitten, W B AU - Ramsey, J M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6142, USA. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 1523 EP - 1529 VL - 14 IS - 16 SN - 0951-4198, 0951-4198 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Herbicides KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Paraquat KW - PLG39H7695 KW - Index Medicus KW - Particle Size KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization KW - Herbicides -- analysis KW - Paraquat -- analysis KW - Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71759459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rapid+communications+in+mass+spectrometry+%3A+RCM&rft.atitle=Laser+desorption%2Fionization+coupled+to+tandem+mass+spectrometry+for+real-time+monitoring+of+paraquat+on+the+surface+of+environmental+particles.&rft.au=Lazar%2C+A+C%3BReilly%2C+P+T%3BWhitten%2C+W+B%3BRamsey%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Lazar&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=1523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rapid+communications+in+mass+spectrometry+%3A+RCM&rft.issn=09514198&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-09-01 N1 - Date created - 2000-09-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in restaurant and tavern workers in one US city. AN - 70930075; 10703846 AB - Approximately 173 subjects employed as waiters, waitresses, or bartenders in the Knoxville, TN, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area collected a sample of air from their breathing zone while at their workplace for one shift. In addition, area samples were placed near the work spaces of many of the subjects. Collected samples were analyzed for respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM), ultraviolet-absorbing and fluorescing particulate matter, solanesol, 3-ethenyl pyridine (3-EP), and nicotine. Saliva samples were collected from the subjects prior to and within 24 h following their work shift, to confirm their non-smoking status. The range of concentrations of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) constituents encountered was considerable, e.g., for nicotine, from undetectable to more than 100 microg/m3. However, the highest RSP levels observed were considerably lower than OSHA workplace standards. Distributions of ETS concentrations suggest that there are two "ETS exposure" types of bartenders: those that work in single room bars and those that work in larger, multiroom restaurant/bars. Personal exposure to ETS of the former group was ca. 10x greater than those of the latter group, who were exposed to ETS levels more comparable to those encountered by wait staff. Exposure (concentration x duration) differences between wait staff and workers in other types of unrestricted smoking environments reported in other studies suggest that exposures in the restaurant environment may be more difficult to assess than originally considered. Salivary cotinine levels indicated that for those subjects living in smoking homes, ETS exposures outside the workplace are at least as important as those in the workplace. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Maskarinec, M P AU - Jenkins, R A AU - Counts, R W AU - Dindal, A B AD - Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-6120, USA. mpx@ornl.gov PY - 2000 SP - 36 EP - 49 VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - 0 KW - Nicotine KW - 6M3C89ZY6R KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Smoking KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Nicotine -- analysis KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Workplace KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Restaurants KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70930075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Determination+of+exposure+to+environmental+tobacco+smoke+in+restaurant+and+tavern+workers+in+one+US+city.&rft.au=Maskarinec%2C+M+P%3BJenkins%2C+R+A%3BCounts%2C+R+W%3BDindal%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Maskarinec&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-03-23 N1 - Date created - 2000-03-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intracellular measurements in mammary carcinoma cells using fiber-optic nanosensors. AN - 70803615; 10610686 AB - Submicrometer fiber-optic biosensors have been developed and used to measure toxic chemicals within single cells. Optical fibers that have been pulled to a distal-end diameter of less than 1 micrometer are coated with antibodies to selectively bind the species of interest. This paper describes the use of these fibers to selectively measure the concentration of benzo[a]pyrene tetrol (BPT), a metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene, within individual cells of two different cell lines, human mammary carcinoma cells and rat liver epithelial cells. The results from these measurements have been used to determine the sensitivity, reproducibility, and usefulness of these nanosensors. The detection limit of these biosensors has been determined to be 0.64 +/- 0.17 x 10(-11) M for BPT. JF - Analytical biochemistry AU - Cullum, B M AU - Griffin, G D AU - Miller, G H AU - Vo-Dinh, T AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6101, USA. Y1 - 2000/01/01/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Jan 01 SP - 25 EP - 32 VL - 277 IS - 1 SN - 0003-2697, 0003-2697 KW - Pyrenes KW - 0 KW - benzo(a)pyrene tetrol KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Animals KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- pharmacokinetics KW - Epithelial Cells -- ultrastructure KW - Liver -- ultrastructure KW - Rats KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Fiber Optic Technology KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning -- instrumentation KW - Cell Line KW - Female KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning -- methods KW - Optical Fibers KW - Pyrenes -- analysis KW - Breast Neoplasms -- ultrastructure KW - Biosensing Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70803615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+biochemistry&rft.atitle=Intracellular+measurements+in+mammary+carcinoma+cells+using+fiber-optic+nanosensors.&rft.au=Cullum%2C+B+M%3BGriffin%2C+G+D%3BMiller%2C+G+H%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T&rft.aulast=Cullum&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=277&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+biochemistry&rft.issn=00032697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-04-18 N1 - Date created - 2000-04-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conquering the Brownfields Frontier through the Enhanced Deployment of Environmental Assessment Technologies AN - 60708726; 200523190 AB - Communities desperately needing economic revitalization are often not benefiting from the nation's general prosperity & sustained growth. A culprit in this imbalance is perceived environmental contamination that deters public & private investments in redevelopment. Despite the Clinton administration's commitment to the economic & environmental revitalization of brownfields (properties whose future use is limited because of real or perceived environmental contamination, & which number over 450,000 in the United States), the rate at which brownfields are returning to productive use is disappointing. Delays stem from uncertainties with regard to the extent & nature of contamination. Accelerated deployment of innovative technology could dramatically increase the quantity of brownfields cleaned up over the next 5 years by providing communities with critical scientific information. This strategy would require the national laboratories working in concert with land grant universities, nonprofits, & the private sector to deploy innovative technologies at the community level. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright 2000.] JF - Public Works Management & Policy AU - Munro, John F AU - Tzoumis, Kelly A AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2000///0, PY - 2000 DA - 0, 2000 SP - 213 EP - 223 VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 1087-724X, 1087-724X KW - brownfields KW - Sustainable Development KW - Science and Technology KW - Environmental Policy KW - Economic Development KW - Pollution KW - article KW - 9261: public policy/administration; public policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60708726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Works+Management+%26+Policy&rft.atitle=Conquering+the+Brownfields+Frontier+through+the+Enhanced+Deployment+of+Environmental+Assessment+Technologies&rft.au=Munro%2C+John+F%3BTzoumis%2C+Kelly+A&rft.aulast=Munro&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Works+Management+%26+Policy&rft.issn=1087724X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Science and Technology; Environmental Policy; Sustainable Development; Pollution; Economic Development ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Navigating the Energy Efficiency Maze: U.S. Department of Energy National Labs Clear the Path for Public Works AN - 60697490; 200523218 AB - Exciting advances during the last 10 years in building technologies, equipment systems, & techniques have made choosing the right energy-efficient option a confusing & time-consuming task for public works & facilities managers. Through a community-based energy efficiency program, staff members of the U.S. Department of Energy national laboratories provide technical assistance to local efforts that are striving to save money by saving energy. Having formed over 200 local & state partnerships, the labs are leading communities to a warehouse of strategies & solutions for their day-to-day energy problems. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright 2000.] JF - Public Works Management & Policy AU - Shelton, Ronald AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2000///0, PY - 2000 DA - 0, 2000 SP - 243 EP - 247 VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 1087-724X, 1087-724X KW - Efficiency KW - Government Agencies KW - Conservation KW - United States of America KW - Energy Policy KW - article KW - 9261: public policy/administration; public policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60697490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Works+Management+%26+Policy&rft.atitle=Navigating+the+Energy+Efficiency+Maze%3A+U.S.+Department+of+Energy+National+Labs+Clear+the+Path+for+Public+Works&rft.au=Shelton%2C+Ronald&rft.aulast=Shelton&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Works+Management+%26+Policy&rft.issn=1087724X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Energy Policy; Government Agencies; Efficiency; Conservation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technology for a Sustainable Environment: A Futures Perspective AN - 60690371; 200523234 AB - Although there is debate about its precise definition, the concept of sustainability will certainly be a priority for both human & technological development in the future. Broad social trends indicate that people want more control over their lives & will apply pressure through democratic institutions to achieve a more sustainable, reenvironmentalized society. Public works officials will be deeply involved in meeting the demands of this evolution. Many of the new, smaller scale technologies required will initially need to coexist with existing technologies traditionally under the purview of public works departments, placing pressure on practitioners to be both current & flexible. Although there will be some dislocation, the challenge of meeting a sustainable future need not be inconsistent with fundamental public works values. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright 2000.] JF - Public Works Management & Policy AU - Tonn, Bruce E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2000///0, PY - 2000 DA - 0, 2000 SP - 171 EP - 176 VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 1087-724X, 1087-724X KW - Public Sector KW - Sustainable Development KW - Environmental Policy KW - Environmental Protection KW - Democracy KW - article KW - 9261: public policy/administration; public policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60690371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Works+Management+%26+Policy&rft.atitle=Technology+for+a+Sustainable+Environment%3A+A+Futures+Perspective&rft.au=Tonn%2C+Bruce+E&rft.aulast=Tonn&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Works+Management+%26+Policy&rft.issn=1087724X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sustainable Development; Public Sector; Environmental Protection; Environmental Policy; Democracy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Introduction to the Focus Issue on National Laboratories and Public Works AN - 60666782; 200523233 AB - Introduces the section on government expenditures for National Laboratories and other public finance and public works issues in the United States. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright 2000.] JF - Public Works Management & Policy AU - Tonn, Bruce E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2000///0, PY - 2000 DA - 0, 2000 SP - 196 EP - 197 VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 1087-724X, 1087-724X KW - Expenditures KW - Public Sector KW - Public Finance KW - United States of America KW - article KW - 9261: public policy/administration; public policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60666782?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Works+Management+%26+Policy&rft.atitle=An+Introduction+to+the+Focus+Issue+on+National+Laboratories+and+Public+Works&rft.au=Tonn%2C+Bruce+E&rft.aulast=Tonn&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=196&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Works+Management+%26+Policy&rft.issn=1087724X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Public Sector; Public Finance; United States of America; Expenditures ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Small angle neutron scattering signature of oil generation in artificially and naturally matured hydrocarbon source rocks AN - 52383292; 2000-023131 JF - Organic Geochemistry AU - Radlinski, A P AU - Boreham, Chris J AU - Lindner, P AU - Randl, O AU - Wignall, G D AU - Hinde, A AU - Hope, J M Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0146-6380, 0146-6380 KW - maturity KW - pressure KW - vitrinite KW - natural gas KW - source rocks KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - petroleum KW - alkanes KW - petroleum accumulation KW - Rock-Eval KW - temperature KW - primary migration KW - genesis KW - organic compounds KW - n-alkanes KW - pyrolysis KW - total organic carbon KW - hydrocarbons KW - macerals KW - reflectance KW - geochemistry KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52383292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Small+angle+neutron+scattering+signature+of+oil+generation+in+artificially+and+naturally+matured+hydrocarbon+source+rocks&rft.au=Radlinski%2C+A+P%3BBoreham%2C+Chris+J%3BLindner%2C+P%3BRandl%2C+O%3BWignall%2C+G+D%3BHinde%2C+A%3BHope%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Radlinski&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.issn=01466380&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01466380 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; genesis; geochemistry; hydrocarbons; macerals; maturity; n-alkanes; natural gas; organic compounds; petroleum; petroleum accumulation; pressure; primary migration; pyrolysis; reflectance; Rock-Eval; source rocks; temperature; total organic carbon; vitrinite ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Archiving ecological data and information AN - 52326512; 2000-059666 JF - Ecological data; design, management and processing AU - Olson, Richard J AU - McCord, Raymond A A2 - Michener, William K. A2 - Brunt, James W. A2 - Lawton, J. H. A2 - Likens, G. E. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - J. W. Jones Ecological Research Center, Newton, GA SN - 0632052317 KW - libraries KW - computer programs KW - publications KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - data bases KW - ecology KW - applications KW - information management KW - World Wide Web KW - data management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Olson%2C+Richard+J%3BMcCord%2C+Raymond+A&rft.aulast=Olson&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0632052317&rft.btitle=Archiving+ecological+data+and+information&rft.title=Archiving+ecological+data+and+information&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - GA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The importance of ground water to stream ecosystem function AN - 52320557; 2000-063679 JF - Streams and ground waters AU - Holmes, Robert M A2 - Jones, Jeremy B. A2 - Mulholland, Patrick J. A2 - Thorp, James H. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 0123898455 KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - fertilizers KW - concentration KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - pollution KW - phosphorus KW - ecosystems KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - riparian environment KW - transport KW - streamflow KW - saturation KW - dissolved materials KW - ecology KW - nitrate ion KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52320557?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Holmes%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Holmes&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0123898455&rft.btitle=The+importance+of+ground+water+to+stream+ecosystem+function&rft.title=The+importance+of+ground+water+to+stream+ecosystem+function&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Surface-subsurface interactions; past, present, and future AN - 52319725; 2000-063686 JF - Streams and ground waters AU - Stanley, Emily H AU - Jones, Jeremy B A2 - Jones, Jeremy B. A2 - Mulholland, Patrick J. A2 - Thorp, James H. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 0123898455 KW - hydrology KW - sediment-water interface KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - hyporheic zone KW - ecosystems KW - surface water-ground water interface KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - riparian environment KW - dissolved materials KW - infiltration KW - sediments KW - theoretical models KW - transformations KW - mobility KW - kinetics KW - aquatic environment KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52319725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Stanley%2C+Emily+H%3BJones%2C+Jeremy+B&rft.aulast=Stanley&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0123898455&rft.btitle=Surface-subsurface+interactions%3B+past%2C+present%2C+and+future&rft.title=Surface-subsurface+interactions%3B+past%2C+present%2C+and+future&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Stream and groundwater influences on phosphorus biogeochemistry AN - 52319687; 2000-063683 JF - Streams and ground waters AU - Hendricks, Susan P AU - White, David S A2 - Jones, Jeremy B. A2 - Mulholland, Patrick J. A2 - Thorp, James H. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 0123898455 KW - hydrology KW - sediment-water interface KW - biochemistry KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - pollution KW - phosphorus KW - hyporheic zone KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - transport KW - streamflow KW - infiltration KW - sediments KW - retention KW - theoretical models KW - hydrodynamics KW - ecology KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52319687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hendricks%2C+Susan+P%3BWhite%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Hendricks&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0123898455&rft.btitle=Stream+and+groundwater+influences+on+phosphorus+biogeochemistry&rft.title=Stream+and+groundwater+influences+on+phosphorus+biogeochemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Nitrogen biogeochemistry and surface-subsurface exchange in streams AN - 52319683; 2000-063682 JF - Streams and ground waters AU - Duff, John H AU - Triska, Frank J A2 - Jones, Jeremy B. A2 - Mulholland, Patrick J. A2 - Thorp, James H. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 0123898455 KW - United States KW - sorption KW - waste water KW - ammonium ion KW - surface-subsurface interactions KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - California KW - Platte River KW - hydrologic cycle KW - Sycamore Creek KW - transport KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - nitrate ion KW - discharge KW - Eh KW - hydrology KW - Minnesota KW - biochemistry KW - hyporheic zone KW - Shingobee River KW - nutrients KW - Little Lost Man Creek KW - nitrification KW - infiltration KW - residence time KW - bacteria KW - Arizona KW - transformations KW - Colorado KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52319683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Duff%2C+John+H%3BTriska%2C+Frank+J&rft.aulast=Duff&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0123898455&rft.btitle=Nitrogen+biogeochemistry+and+surface-subsurface+exchange+in+streams&rft.title=Nitrogen+biogeochemistry+and+surface-subsurface+exchange+in+streams&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Quantifying hydrologic interactions between streams and their subsurface hyporheic zones AN - 52318870; 2000-063677 JF - Streams and ground waters AU - Harvey, Judson W AU - Wagner, Brian J A2 - Jones, Jeremy B. A2 - Mulholland, Patrick J. A2 - Thorp, James H. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 0123898455 KW - hydrology KW - monitoring KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - mathematical models KW - inverse problem KW - hyporheic flux KW - storage coefficient KW - water balance KW - boundary interactions KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - recharge KW - transport KW - streamflow KW - residence time KW - tracers KW - drainage basins KW - shallow aquifers KW - discharge KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52318870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Harvey%2C+Judson+W%3BWagner%2C+Brian+J&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=Judson&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0123898455&rft.btitle=Quantifying+hydrologic+interactions+between+streams+and+their+subsurface+hyporheic+zones&rft.title=Quantifying+hydrologic+interactions+between+streams+and+their+subsurface+hyporheic+zones&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Emergent biological patterns and surface-subsurface interactions at landscape scales AN - 52318811; 2000-063681 JF - Streams and ground waters AU - Pringle, C M AU - Triska, Frank J A2 - Jones, Jeremy B. A2 - Mulholland, Patrick J. A2 - Thorp, James H. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 0123898455 KW - United States KW - Costa Rica KW - global change KW - surface-subsurface interactions KW - environmental analysis KW - irrigation KW - ground water KW - geothermal systems KW - critical load KW - depositional environment KW - discharge KW - global warming KW - water use KW - toxic materials KW - human activity KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - boundary interactions KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - atmospheric transport KW - Barva KW - water wells KW - Nebraska KW - Central America KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52318811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Pringle%2C+C+M%3BTriska%2C+Frank+J&rft.aulast=Pringle&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0123898455&rft.btitle=Emergent+biological+patterns+and+surface-subsurface+interactions+at+landscape+scales&rft.title=Emergent+biological+patterns+and+surface-subsurface+interactions+at+landscape+scales&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 94 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Surface-subsurface exchange and nutrient spiraling AN - 52318777; 2000-063680 JF - Streams and ground waters AU - Mulholland, Patrick J AU - DeAngelis, Donald L A2 - Jones, Jeremy B. A2 - Mulholland, Patrick J. A2 - Thorp, James H. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 0123898455 KW - solute transport KW - hydrology KW - concentration KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - ecosystems KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - nutrients KW - dissolved materials KW - infiltration KW - carbon KW - nutrient uptake KW - sediments KW - hydrodynamics KW - ecology KW - organic carbon KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52318777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Mulholland%2C+Patrick+J%3BDeAngelis%2C+Donald+L&rft.aulast=Mulholland&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0123898455&rft.btitle=Surface-subsurface+exchange+and+nutrient+spiraling&rft.title=Surface-subsurface+exchange+and+nutrient+spiraling&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An intermediate-scale lysimeter facility for subsurface bioremediation research AN - 52318675; 2000-062724 JF - Bioremediation Journal AU - Cox, Chris D AU - Nivens, David E AU - Ripp, Steven AU - Wong, Meng Meng AU - Palumbo, Anthony AU - Burlage, Robert S AU - Sayler, Gary S Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 69 EP - 79 PB - Battelle Memorial Institute, Boca Raton, FL VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 1088-9868, 1088-9868 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - PCBs KW - techniques KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - Tennessee KW - leachate KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - lysimeters KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - research KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - instruments KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52318675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.atitle=An+intermediate-scale+lysimeter+facility+for+subsurface+bioremediation+research&rft.au=Cox%2C+Chris+D%3BNivens%2C+David+E%3BRipp%2C+Steven%3BWong%2C+Meng+Meng%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony%3BBurlage%2C+Robert+S%3BSayler%2C+Gary+S&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.issn=10889868&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713400853 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; experimental studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; instruments; laboratory studies; leachate; lysimeters; microorganisms; monitoring; nonaqueous phase liquids; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; organic compounds; PCBs; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; radioactive waste; remediation; research; simulation; soil treatment; soils; techniques; Tennessee; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Thermal remote sensing to detect buried waste material (Oak Ridge, U.S.A.) AN - 52317687; 2000-063752 JF - Remote sensing for site characterization AU - Irvine, John M AU - Stahl, Gary AU - Odenweller, Julie AU - Smyre, John L AU - Evers, Thomas K AU - Huff, Dale AU - King, Amy L A2 - Kuehn, Friedrich A2 - King, Trude V. V. A2 - Hoerig, Bernhard A2 - Peters, Douglas C. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Springer, Berlin SN - 354063469X KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - imagery KW - contaminant plumes KW - moisture KW - techniques KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - solvents KW - explosives KW - Tennessee KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - pollutants KW - thermal properties KW - pollution KW - satellite methods KW - cost KW - aquifers KW - risk assessment KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - underground disposal KW - image analysis KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52317687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Irvine%2C+John+M%3BStahl%2C+Gary%3BOdenweller%2C+Julie%3BSmyre%2C+John+L%3BEvers%2C+Thomas+K%3BHuff%2C+Dale%3BKing%2C+Amy+L&rft.aulast=Irvine&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=354063469X&rft.btitle=Thermal+remote+sensing+to+detect+buried+waste+material+%28Oak+Ridge%2C+U.S.A.%29&rft.title=Thermal+remote+sensing+to+detect+buried+waste+material+%28Oak+Ridge%2C+U.S.A.%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Anoxia, anaerobic metabolism, and biogeochemistry of the stream-water-ground-water interface AN - 52316968; 2000-063685 JF - Streams and ground waters AU - Baker, Michelle A AU - Dahm, Clifford N AU - Valett, H Maurice A2 - Jones, Jeremy B. A2 - Mulholland, Patrick J. A2 - Thorp, James H. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 0123898455 KW - metabolites KW - sediment-water interface KW - rivers and streams KW - ecosystems KW - variations KW - surface water-ground water interface KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - sediments KW - reduction KW - mobility KW - hydrology KW - concentration KW - sulfate ion KW - metabolism KW - biochemistry KW - surface water KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - dissolved materials KW - infiltration KW - anaerobic environment KW - aquatic environment KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52316968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Baker%2C+Michelle+A%3BDahm%2C+Clifford+N%3BValett%2C+H+Maurice&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0123898455&rft.btitle=Anoxia%2C+anaerobic+metabolism%2C+and+biogeochemistry+of+the+stream-water-ground-water+interface&rft.title=Anoxia%2C+anaerobic+metabolism%2C+and+biogeochemistry+of+the+stream-water-ground-water+interface&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 84 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Surface and subsurface dissolved organic carbon AN - 52316854; 2000-063684 JF - Streams and ground waters AU - Kaplan, Louis A AU - Newbold, J Denis Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 0123898455 KW - desorption KW - sediment-water interface KW - degradation KW - rivers and streams KW - watersheds KW - hydrolysis KW - ecosystems KW - preferential flow KW - enzymes KW - ground water KW - bioaccumulation KW - substrates KW - carbon KW - organic carbon KW - discharge KW - mobility KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - concentration KW - metabolism KW - surface water KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - hyporheic zone KW - adsorption KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - riparian environment KW - wetlands KW - saturation KW - infiltration KW - carbon cycle KW - proteins KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52316854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+Louis+A%3BNewbold%2C+J+Denis&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0123898455&rft.btitle=Surface+and+subsurface+dissolved+organic+carbon&rft.title=Surface+and+subsurface+dissolved+organic+carbon&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 97 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modeling surface-subsurface hydrological interactions AN - 52316295; 2000-063678 JF - Streams and ground waters AU - Packman, Aaron I AU - Bencala, Kenneth E A2 - Jones, Jeremy B. A2 - Mulholland, Patrick J. A2 - Thorp, James H. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 0123898455 KW - solute transport KW - rivers and streams KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - ecology KW - hydrology KW - concentration KW - numerical models KW - surface water KW - solutes KW - porous materials KW - MODFLOW KW - mathematical models KW - hyporheic zone KW - boundary interactions KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - streamflow KW - infiltration KW - shallow aquifers KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - fluvial environment KW - pore water KW - storage KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52316295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Packman%2C+Aaron+I%3BBencala%2C+Kenneth+E&rft.aulast=Packman&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0123898455&rft.btitle=Modeling+surface-subsurface+hydrological+interactions&rft.title=Modeling+surface-subsurface+hydrological+interactions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Streams and ground waters AN - 52316266; 2000-063676 JF - Streams and ground waters A2 - Jones, Jeremy B. A2 - Mulholland, Patrick J. A2 - Thorp, James H. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 425 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 0123898455 KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - terrestrial environment KW - biochemistry KW - arid environment KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - models KW - riparian environment KW - dissolved materials KW - floods KW - shallow aquifers KW - chemical composition KW - water resources KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52316266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0123898455&rft.btitle=Streams+and+ground+waters&rft.title=Streams+and+ground+waters&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual chapters within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Case history of reactive barriers using Fe (super 0) metal and KMnO (sub 4) to degrade chlorinated solvents AN - 52230391; 2001-041998 JF - Flow and transport modeling of the vadose zone; Volume II AU - Siegrist, Robert L AU - Lowe, Kathryn S AU - Murdoch, Lawrence C AU - Houk, Thomas C A2 - Looney, Brian B. A2 - Falta, Ronald W. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574770853 KW - United States KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - environmental analysis KW - iron KW - remediation KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - ferric iron KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - decontamination KW - metals KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52230391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Siegrist%2C+Robert+L%3BLowe%2C+Kathryn+S%3BMurdoch%2C+Lawrence+C%3BHouk%2C+Thomas+C&rft.aulast=Siegrist&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574770853&rft.btitle=Case+history+of+reactive+barriers+using+Fe+%28super+0%29+metal+and+KMnO+%28sub+4%29+to+degrade+chlorinated+solvents&rft.title=Case+history+of+reactive+barriers+using+Fe+%28super+0%29+metal+and+KMnO+%28sub+4%29+to+degrade+chlorinated+solvents&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Case history of mixed-region vapor stripping in a silty clay vadose zone AN - 52230270; 2001-042000 JF - Flow and transport modeling of the vadose zone; Volume II AU - Siegrist, Robert L AU - West, Olivia R A2 - Looney, Brian B. A2 - Falta, Ronald W. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574770853 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - in situ KW - clastic sediments KW - soil vapor extraction KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - silt KW - remediation KW - thermal treatment KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - fine-grained materials KW - volatile organic compounds KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52230270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Siegrist%2C+Robert+L%3BWest%2C+Olivia+R&rft.aulast=Siegrist&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574770853&rft.btitle=Case+history+of+mixed-region+vapor+stripping+in+a+silty+clay+vadose+zone&rft.title=Case+history+of+mixed-region+vapor+stripping+in+a+silty+clay+vadose+zone&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Case history of liquid oxidant injection into the vadose zone AN - 52230239; 2001-041996 JF - Flow and transport modeling of the vadose zone; Volume II AU - Siegrist, Robert L AU - Korte, N E AU - West, Olivia R AU - Urynowicz, M A A2 - Looney, Brian B. A2 - Falta, Ronald W. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574770853 KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - injection KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - water treatment KW - volatile organic compounds KW - reduction KW - transformations KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52230239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Siegrist%2C+Robert+L%3BKorte%2C+N+E%3BWest%2C+Olivia+R%3BUrynowicz%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Siegrist&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574770853&rft.btitle=Case+history+of+liquid+oxidant+injection+into+the+vadose+zone&rft.title=Case+history+of+liquid+oxidant+injection+into+the+vadose+zone&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury speciation in natural waters; measurement of dissolved gaseous mercury with a field analyzer AN - 52229581; 2001-039871 AB - Mercury evasion from water is commonly modeled using measurements of dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM). We developed a method using a recently available automated field-ready mercury vapor analyzer to rapidly measure the concentrations of DGM in surface waters. We summarize here results of laboratory tests of the method, field intercomparisons with a manual method, and selected data from recent sampling campaigns in Florida and Michigan. The method uses the 1.5 lpm flow of a Tekran Model 2537A mercury analyzer to purge and analyze discrete water samples, generating near real time (5-min) data on DGM in samples and blanks. Application of the Tekran allowed for detailed analysis of DGM removal kinetics and short-term diel studies characterizing the influence of sunlight and precipitation on DGM production in surface waters. Gas removal kinetics for dozens of samples indicates a first-order rate constant, and supports a 20-min. purge time for surface water samples from Florida (40-min for Michigan samples). Blanks are measured during a second such purge. Our results indicate that DGMs determined by both automated and manual methods are generally comparable, and that DGM in Florida samples is unstable during storage (loss rate constant X0.1-0.2 h (super -1) ), probably due to oxidation. This suggests that rapid in-field analysis is preferred to storage with delayed analysis. Our data indicate that DGM at the Florida site is influenced by inputs of reactive Hg in rainwater, and by production of surface DGM during photoreduction of oxidized Hg in the water column. JF - Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) AU - Lindberg, S E AU - Vette, A F AU - Miles, C AU - Schaedlich, F Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 237 EP - 259 PB - Nijhoff/Junk, Dordrecht-Boston-Lancaster VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - North America KW - concentration KW - desorption KW - gaseous phase KW - Everglades KW - surface water KW - solutes KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - hydrochemistry KW - Florida KW - new methods KW - nutrients KW - sampling KW - metals KW - Michigan KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - mercury KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52229581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.atitle=Mercury+speciation+in+natural+waters%3B+measurement+of+dissolved+gaseous+mercury+with+a+field+analyzer&rft.au=Lindberg%2C+S+E%3BVette%2C+A+F%3BMiles%2C+C%3BSchaedlich%2C+F&rft.aulast=Lindberg&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100244/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from PASCAL, Institute de l'Information Scientifique et Technique, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; chemical fractionation; concentration; desorption; Everglades; Florida; gaseous phase; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrology; kinetics; mercury; metals; Michigan; new methods; North America; nutrients; sampling; solutes; surface water; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-temperature quartz cement and the role of stylolites in a deep gas reservoir, Spiro Sandstone, Arkoma Basin, USA AN - 52229453; 2001-044082 JF - Special Publication of the International Association of Sedimentologists AU - Spoetl, C AU - Houseknecht, D W AU - Riciputi, L R Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 281 EP - 297 PB - Blackwell, Oxford VL - 29 SN - 0141-3600, 0141-3600 KW - silicates KW - stylolites KW - Pennsylvanian KW - burial diagenesis KW - oil and gas fields KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - electron probe data KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - heat flow KW - inclusions KW - quartz arenite KW - framework silicates KW - geothermal gradient KW - thermodynamic properties KW - sedimentary structures KW - P-T conditions KW - west-central Arkansas KW - Paleozoic KW - Desmoinesian KW - Carboniferous KW - structural controls KW - porosity KW - cathodoluminescence KW - paragenesis KW - physical properties KW - arenite KW - diagenesis KW - Arkoma Basin KW - surveys KW - quartz KW - fluid inclusions KW - pressure solution KW - clastic rocks KW - high temperature KW - Arkansas KW - United States KW - petroleum engineering KW - secondary structures KW - oxygen KW - geophysical surveys KW - silica minerals KW - isotopes KW - natural gas KW - well-logging KW - sandstone KW - petroleum KW - Ouachita Belt KW - Spiro Sandstone KW - stable isotopes KW - cores KW - trace elements KW - chemical composition KW - southeastern Oklahoma KW - isotope ratios KW - cementation KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Middle Pennsylvanian KW - Oklahoma KW - Red Oak Field KW - reservoir properties KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52229453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+of+the+International+Association+of+Sedimentologists&rft.atitle=High-temperature+quartz+cement+and+the+role+of+stylolites+in+a+deep+gas+reservoir%2C+Spiro+Sandstone%2C+Arkoma+Basin%2C+USA&rft.au=Spoetl%2C+C%3BHouseknecht%2C+D+W%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Spoetl&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=9781444304237&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+of+the+International+Association+of+Sedimentologists&rft.issn=01413600&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F9781444304237.ch19 L2 - http://www.sedimentologists.org/publications/special-publications LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 77 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 plate, 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - SPISDS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arenite; Arkansas; Arkoma Basin; burial diagenesis; Carboniferous; cathodoluminescence; cementation; chemical composition; clastic rocks; cores; Desmoinesian; diagenesis; electron probe data; fluid inclusions; framework silicates; geophysical surveys; geothermal gradient; heat flow; high temperature; inclusions; isotope ratios; isotopes; Middle Pennsylvanian; mineral composition; natural gas; O-18/O-16; oil and gas fields; Oklahoma; Ouachita Belt; oxygen; P-T conditions; Paleozoic; paragenesis; Pennsylvanian; petroleum; petroleum engineering; physical properties; porosity; pressure solution; quartz; quartz arenite; Red Oak Field; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sandstone; secondary structures; sedimentary rocks; sedimentary structures; silica minerals; silicates; southeastern Oklahoma; Spiro Sandstone; stable isotopes; structural controls; stylolites; surveys; temperature; thermodynamic properties; trace elements; United States; well-logging; west-central Arkansas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444304237.ch19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Separating root and soil microbial contributions to soil respiration; a review of methods and observations AN - 52227446; 2001-040916 AB - Forest soil respiration is the sum of heterotrophic (microbes, soil fauna) and autotrophic (root) respiration. The contribution of each group needs to be understood to evaluate implications of environmental change on soil carbon cycling and sequestration. Three primary methods have been used to distinguish hetero- versus autotrophic soil respiration including: integration of components contributing to in situ forest soil CO (sub 2) efflux (i.e., litter, roots, soil), comparison of soils with and without root exclusion, and application of stable or radioactive isotope methods. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages, but isotope based methods provide quantitative answers with the least amount of disturbance to the soil and roots. Published data from all methods indicate that root/rhizosphere respiration can account for as little as 10% to greater than 90% of total in situ soil respiration depending on vegetation type and season of the year. Studies which have integrated percent root contribution to total soil respiration throughout an entire year or growing season show mean values of 45.8 and 60.4% for forest and nonforest vegetation, respectively. Such average annual values must be extrapolated with caution, however, because the root contribution to total soil respiration is commonly higher during the growing season and lower during the dormant periods of the year. JF - Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) AU - Hanson, P J AU - Edwards, N T AU - Garten, C T AU - Andrews, J A AU - Rustad, Lindsey E AU - Huntington, Thomas G AU - Boone, Richard D Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 115 EP - 146 PB - Nijhoff/Junk, Dordrecht-Boston-Lancaster VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - soils KW - respiration KW - forests KW - Forest soils KW - isotopes KW - roots KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - global change KW - vegetation KW - stable isotopes KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - biogenic processes KW - radioactive isotopes KW - carbon KW - C-14 KW - microorganisms KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52227446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.atitle=Separating+root+and+soil+microbial+contributions+to+soil+respiration%3B+a+review+of+methods+and+observations&rft.au=Hanson%2C+P+J%3BEdwards%2C+N+T%3BGarten%2C+C+T%3BAndrews%2C+J+A%3BRustad%2C+Lindsey+E%3BHuntington%2C+Thomas+G%3BBoone%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100244/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Controls on soil respiration; implications for climate change N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from PASCAL, Institute de l'Information Scientifique et Technique, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biogenic processes; C-13/C-12; C-14; carbon; carbon dioxide; climate change; Forest soils; forests; global change; isotope ratios; isotopes; microorganisms; radioactive isotopes; respiration; roots; soils; stable isotopes; vegetation ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Ecological risk assessment for contaminated sites AN - 52215891; 2001-048980 JF - Ecological risk assessment for contaminated sites AU - Suter, Glenn W, II AU - Efroymson, Rebecca A AU - Sample, Bradley E AU - Jones, Daniel S Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 483 PB - Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL SN - 1566705258 KW - textbooks KW - regulations KW - reclamation KW - wildlife KW - ecosystems KW - chemical waste KW - education KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - college-level education KW - ecology KW - uncertainty KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - biota KW - organic compounds KW - wetlands KW - land management KW - hydrocarbons KW - theoretical models KW - risk assessment KW - water resources KW - aquatic environment KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52215891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Suter%2C+Glenn+W%2C+II%3BEfroymson%2C+Rebecca+A%3BSample%2C+Bradley+E%3BJones%2C+Daniel+S&rft.aulast=Suter&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1566705258&rft.btitle=Ecological+risk+assessment+for+contaminated+sites&rft.title=Ecological+risk+assessment+for+contaminated+sites&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 855 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Characterization and monitoring of unsaturated flow and transport processes in structured soils AN - 52170756; 2002-001751 JF - Vadose zone; science and technology solutions; volume 1 AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Luxmoore, R J AU - Gwo, J P AU - Wilson, G V A2 - Looney, Brian B. A2 - Falta, Ronald W. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574770853 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hydrology KW - halogens KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - bromide ion KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - preferential flow KW - bromine KW - radioactive waste KW - transport KW - tracers KW - Tennessee KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - mobility KW - low-level waste KW - underground disposal KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52170756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jardine%2C+Philip+M%3BLuxmoore%2C+R+J%3BGwo%2C+J+P%3BWilson%2C+G+V&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574770853&rft.btitle=Characterization+and+monitoring+of+unsaturated+flow+and+transport+processes+in+structured+soils&rft.title=Characterization+and+monitoring+of+unsaturated+flow+and+transport+processes+in+structured+soils&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An evaluation of horizontal recirculation using single-well tests, pumping tests, tracer tests, and the colloidal borescope AN - 52163652; 2002-001594 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Korte, Nic AU - Kearl, Peter M AU - Siegrist, Robert L AU - Muck, Maureen T AU - Schlosser, Robert M Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 78 EP - 85 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - contaminant plumes KW - halogens KW - observation wells KW - bromide ion KW - preferential flow KW - gravel KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - pump tests KW - decontamination KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - multiple aquifers KW - hydrodynamics KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - mobility KW - Ohio KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant KW - bromine KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - heterogeneous materials KW - testing KW - trichloroethylene KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52163652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=An+evaluation+of+horizontal+recirculation+using+single-well+tests%2C+pumping+tests%2C+tracer+tests%2C+and+the+colloidal+borescope&rft.au=Korte%2C+Nic%3BKearl%2C+Peter+M%3BSiegrist%2C+Robert+L%3BMuck%2C+Maureen+T%3BSchlosser%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Korte&rft.aufirst=Nic&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=78&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bromide ion; bromine; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; contaminant plumes; decontamination; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; experimental studies; gravel; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; halogens; heterogeneous materials; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; mobility; multiple aquifers; nonaqueous phase liquids; observation wells; Ohio; organic compounds; permeability; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant; prediction; preferential flow; pump tests; remediation; sand; sediments; testing; tracers; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of economic-risk analysis for design and optimization of the Kansas City plant interceptor system AN - 52146693; 2002-013743 AB - In times of diminishing budgets the act of over-designing remedial systems to compensate for hydraulic parameter and site conceptual-model uncertainty is no longer practical. This new reality creates a necessary compromise between cost and uncertainty. Economic-risk analysis provides the required balance by summing expected remedial system and potential failure costs. Remedial system costs consist of capital and operation and maintenance expenditures. Potential failure costs are the product of the cost of failure and the probability of failure. Cost of failure consists of potential fines and legal expenses associated with remedial system failure and the expense of additional remedial activities needed to rectify the failure. Probability of failure is the likelihood that a remedial design will fail due to hydraulic parameter and site conceptual model uncertainty. Economic-risk analysis was used at the US Department of Energy, Kansas City Plant to design and evaluate various groundwater interceptor systems consisting of vertical and horizontal wells. The probability of failure of the remedial designs was determined using Monte Carlo groundwater flow and particle tracking analysis. Parameter statistical input distributions for the Monte Carlo model were generated from a companion inverse-modelling study that evaluated alternative site conceptual models. Particles outlining the plume were placed within the model domain. If all the particles were captured in a given realization it was deemed a success and given a probability of one. Conversely, if any of the particles escaped capture the realization was considered a failure and given a probability of zero. The overall probability of failure was calculated as the average of all the realization probabilities. Likely remedial design costs were obtained by summing capital and operation and maintenance costs with the expected cost of failure. The optimal design is the one that resulted in the least cost. JF - IAHS-AISH Publication AU - Laase, Alan D AU - Rumbaugh, James O, III AU - Anderman, Evan R AU - Baker, Joseph L A2 - Stauffer, F. A2 - Kinzelbach, Wolfgang A2 - Kovar, K. A2 - Hoehn, E. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 41 EP - 46 PB - International Association of Hydrological Sciences VL - 265 SN - 0144-7815, 0144-7815 KW - United States KW - Missouri KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - models KW - risk assessment KW - economics KW - Kansas City Missouri KW - water wells KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52146693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.atitle=Application+of+economic-risk+analysis+for+design+and+optimization+of+the+Kansas+City+plant+interceptor+system&rft.au=Laase%2C+Alan+D%3BRumbaugh%2C+James+O%2C+III%3BAnderman%2C+Evan+R%3BBaker%2C+Joseph+L&rft.aulast=Laase&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=1901502368&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.issn=01447815&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - ModelCARE '99 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PIHSD9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - design; economics; ground water; Kansas City Missouri; Missouri; models; Monte Carlo analysis; optimization; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; statistical analysis; United States; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diagenetic fluids of the Mt. Simon Sandstone in the Illinois Basin fluid inclusion and cathodoluminescence from diagenetic quartz AN - 52145207; 2002-010518 AB - Studies of fluid inclusions (FI) in quartz overgrowths from 14 samples in the Cambrian Mt. Simon Sandstone, Illinois basin, reveal sparse and very small inclusions (<1um to approximately 7um, mostly <3um) with <10% vapor phase. Most FI occur at the detrital grain/overgrowth boundary, however, FI are occasionally found well into an overgrowth. FI homogenization temperatures (Th) range from 60 degrees to 145 degrees C; higher Th are more common for FI well into overgrowths. There appears to be a bi-modal distribution in FI Th, both in individual samples and in the aggregated data, with 75% falling between 60 degrees and 100 degrees C, and 25% between 120 degrees and 145 degrees C. Melting temperatures (Te and Tm) of FI range from 45 degrees to 52 degrees C and 17 degrees to 30 degrees C, respectively, indicating Ca-Na (+ or -K) diagenetic fluids with a salinity range of 18 to 26 wt% NaCl equivalent (mostly 18-21 wt%). Cathodoluminescence (CL) petrography generally reveals a bi-modal zonation in the overgrowths; a dark zone occurs near the detrital grain/overgrowth boundary and a bright zone rims the dark. A spatial correlation appears to exist between Th and sample location, with Th in both FI populations decreasing an average of approximately 25 degrees C from south to north across the basin. Additionally, this preliminary work suggests that the low-Th fluid inclusion population may be correlated with dark-CL zones and the high-Th population with bright CL. Although our data are limited, these results suggest that there are two distinct generations of quartz overgrowths in the Mt. Simon Sandstone. FI from the early, dark-CL overgrowths have maximum Th consistent with temperatures predicted from burial curves ( approximately 95 degrees C) for fluids originating in the deeper, southern part of the basin and associated with the widespread K-feldspar cements formed at approximately 400Ma. The relatively rare high-Th (120-145 degrees C) FI and brighter CL overgrowths may be associated with a younger, unrelated fluid flow event. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Chen, Zhensheng AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Mora, Claudia I AU - Bodnar, Robert J AU - Fishman, Neil S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 11 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - Illinois Basin KW - silica minerals KW - Paleozoic KW - homogenization KW - overgrowths KW - Mount Simon Sandstone KW - cathodoluminescence KW - Cambrian KW - temperature KW - Upper Cambrian KW - paleosalinity KW - diagenesis KW - inclusions KW - quartz KW - framework silicates KW - fluid inclusions KW - zoning KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52145207?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Diagenetic+fluids+of+the+Mt.+Simon+Sandstone+in+the+Illinois+Basin+fluid+inclusion+and+cathodoluminescence+from+diagenetic+quartz&rft.au=Chen%2C+Zhensheng%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BMora%2C+Claudia+I%3BBodnar%2C+Robert+J%3BFishman%2C+Neil+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Zhensheng&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cambrian; cathodoluminescence; diagenesis; fluid inclusions; framework silicates; homogenization; Illinois Basin; inclusions; Mount Simon Sandstone; overgrowths; paleosalinity; Paleozoic; quartz; silica minerals; silicates; temperature; United States; Upper Cambrian; zoning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The evolution of seawater during the Phanerozoic; record from marine evaporites and fluid inclusions in halite AN - 52126492; 2002-028831 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zimmermann, Heide AU - Holland, Heinrich D AU - Horita, Juske AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 67 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - halides KW - shallow-water environment KW - magnesium KW - sea water KW - upper Precambrian KW - paleo-oceanography KW - variations KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - inclusions KW - magnesium sulfate KW - chlorides KW - calcium carbonate KW - Neoproterozoic KW - alkaline earth metals KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - Precambrian KW - Paleozoic KW - carbonatization KW - Proterozoic KW - Permian KW - evaporites KW - halite KW - Phanerozoic KW - sea-level changes KW - deep-water environment KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - fluid inclusions KW - dolomitization KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52126492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+evolution+of+seawater+during+the+Phanerozoic%3B+record+from+marine+evaporites+and+fluid+inclusions+in+halite&rft.au=Zimmermann%2C+Heide%3BHolland%2C+Heinrich+D%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zimmermann&rft.aufirst=Heide&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; calcium carbonate; carbonatization; chemically precipitated rocks; chlorides; deep-water environment; dolomitization; evaporites; fluid inclusions; halides; halite; inclusions; magnesium; magnesium sulfate; marine environment; metals; mineral composition; Neoproterozoic; paleo-oceanography; Paleozoic; Permian; Phanerozoic; Precambrian; Proterozoic; sea water; sea-level changes; sedimentary rocks; shallow-water environment; upper Precambrian; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Secular variations in chemistry of seawater; fluid inclusion evidence AN - 52126459; 2002-028834 AB - Fluid inclusions in primary marine halites, analyzed using the new Environmental-SEM technique, support the hypothesis that global seawater has undergone significant systematic oscillations in major element chemistry (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, and sulfate) over the Phanerozoic Eon and the late Neoproterozoic (ca. 544 Ma to the present). Such changes in seawater chemistry match the timing of well-known oscillations in the primary mineralogy of marine nonskeletal limestones (aragonite vs. calcite seas) and marine potash evaporites (Mg-sulfate type vs. KCl type), and are coincident with long-term global climate changes (icehouse/greenhouse oscillations), global sea level, and global volcanicity. Miocene, Oligocene, Permian, and terminal Neoproterozoic halites have fluid inclusions with major ion chemistries produced by evaporation of seawater similar to, but not identical to, modern seawater. Late Permian seawater, for example, had up to 30 percent greater K than modern seawater and Mg and Na below modern seawater by 14 and 2 percent, respectively, with Mg/Ca of 3.1-4.6 versus the modern ratio of 5.2. Although similar, no fluid inclusions in Tertiary halites have so far yielded parent waters identical to modern seawater. During other geologic periods, such as the Silurian, Devonian, and Cretaceous, more dramatic changes in seawater chemistry occurred, even the crossing of the Ca-sulfate chemical divide producing ancient seawaters with Ca>sulfate that evolved into Ca-rich, sulfate-depleted brines following evaporation and precipitation of gypsum. Silurian seawater, for example, was enriched Ca and depleted in Mg and sulfate, with a Mg/Ca ratio of 1.0-2.0 and a Ca/sulfate of 2.6-3.4 (modern seawater has Ca/sulfate of 0.4). Cretaceous seawater, enriched in Ca and K and depleted in sulfate, Mg, and Na, evolved from extreme concentrations in the Aptian (Congo Basin and Sergipe Basin, Brazil) with Mg/Ca of 0.8-1.1 and Ca/sulfate of 2.4-3.8 to Mg/Ca of 1.0-1.4 and Ca/sulfate of 1.7 to 2.4 in the Albian-Cenomanian (Khorat Plateau, Thailand-Laos). JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Lowenstein, Tim K AU - Timofeeff, Michael N AU - Brennan, Sean T AU - Hardie, Lawrence A AU - Horita, Juske AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 68 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - limestone KW - halides KW - sea water KW - Far East KW - upper Precambrian KW - Khorat Plateau KW - Cretaceous KW - Thailand KW - global change KW - paleoclimatology KW - climate change KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - major elements KW - oscillations KW - volcanism KW - inclusions KW - chlorides KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - Neoproterozoic KW - Sergipe-Alagoas Basin KW - Precambrian KW - Congo Basin KW - aragonite KW - secular variations KW - Paleozoic KW - global KW - Proterozoic KW - Permian KW - hydrochemistry KW - Mesozoic KW - halite KW - Silurian KW - calcite KW - Upper Permian KW - South America KW - sea-level changes KW - Devonian KW - Laos KW - Brazil KW - brines KW - Africa KW - fluid inclusions KW - carbonate rocks KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52126459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Secular+variations+in+chemistry+of+seawater%3B+fluid+inclusion+evidence&rft.au=Lowenstein%2C+Tim+K%3BTimofeeff%2C+Michael+N%3BBrennan%2C+Sean+T%3BHardie%2C+Lawrence+A%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lowenstein&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; aragonite; Asia; Brazil; brines; calcite; carbonate rocks; carbonates; chlorides; climate change; Congo Basin; Cretaceous; Devonian; Far East; fluid inclusions; geochemistry; global; global change; halides; halite; hydrochemistry; inclusions; Khorat Plateau; Laos; limestone; major elements; Mesozoic; mineral composition; Neoproterozoic; oscillations; paleoclimatology; Paleozoic; Permian; Precambrian; Proterozoic; sea water; sea-level changes; secular variations; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; Sergipe-Alagoas Basin; Silurian; South America; Thailand; Upper Permian; upper Precambrian; volcanism ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of precipitation events on colloids in a karst aquifer AN - 52125790; 2002-028903 AB - The effects of precipitation events on colloid mobilization were evaluated during several storms in six wells in a karstic aquifer at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant in eastern Tennessee (USA). Turbidity increases and rapidly recedes following the rain events. Although the magnitude of the turbidity increases are relatively small (19 mm), the increased turbidity is associated with increases in pH, total organic carbon (TOC) and temperature, and decreases in dissolved oxygen (DO). These larger storms result in flushing of a greater proportion of higher pH, TOC (lower DO) matrix waters into the fractures and conduits than occurs during smaller storms. In contrast, smaller storms also result in increases in turbidity, but show increases in DO and decreases in pH reflecting less influence on the water chemistry from matrix waters, and greater impact from the newly recharged waters. Controls on turbidity are not constant through time at the wells. During smaller storms, recharge by lower ionic strength waters may promote colloid release and thus contribute to observed increases in turbidity, whereas during larger storms, elevated turbidity may be more related to pH increases resulting from greater influx of matrix waters into fractures and conduits. Chemical factors alone can not account for the changes in turbidity observed during the various storms. The presence of colloids is dictated by a complex interplay of chemical reactions and the effects of physical perturbations due to increased flow through the conduits and fractures during precipitation events. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Shevenell, Lisa AU - McCarthy, John F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 78 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - eastern Tennessee KW - karst KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - variations KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - controls KW - total organic carbon KW - carbon KW - Tennessee KW - storms KW - organic carbon KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - colloidal materials KW - solutes KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - recharge KW - organic compounds KW - turbidity KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52125790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+precipitation+events+on+colloids+in+a+karst+aquifer&rft.au=Shevenell%2C+Lisa%3BMcCarthy%2C+John+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shevenell&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=78&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; atmospheric precipitation; carbon; colloidal materials; controls; eastern Tennessee; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; karst; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; organic carbon; organic compounds; oxygen; pH; recharge; solutes; storms; temperature; Tennessee; total organic carbon; turbidity; United States; variations; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rheological partitioning during multiple reactivation of the Paleozoic Brevard fault zone, Southern Appalachians, USA AN - 52124483; 2002-030171 JF - Program and Abstracts - International Conference on Basement Tectonics AU - Hatcher, Robert D, Jr A2 - Diaz Garcia, Florentino A2 - Gonzalez Cuadra, Pablo A2 - Martinez Catalan, Jose R. A2 - Arenas, Ricardo Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 122 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - retrograde metamorphism KW - North America KW - Paleozoic KW - Appalachians KW - dip-slip faults KW - Brevard Zone KW - strike-slip faults KW - reactivation KW - metamorphism KW - partitioning KW - Southern Appalachians KW - rheology KW - tectonics KW - Piedmont KW - faults KW - fault zones KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52124483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Conference+on+Basement+Tectonics&rft.atitle=Rheological+partitioning+during+multiple+reactivation+of+the+Paleozoic+Brevard+fault+zone%2C+Southern+Appalachians%2C+USA&rft.au=Hatcher%2C+Robert+D%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Hatcher&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Conference+on+Basement+Tectonics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 15th international conference on Basement tectonics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05526 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachians; Brevard Zone; dip-slip faults; fault zones; faults; metamorphism; North America; Paleozoic; partitioning; Piedmont; reactivation; retrograde metamorphism; rheology; Southern Appalachians; strike-slip faults; tectonics; United States ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Ecosystems on the landscape; the role of space in ecosystem theory AN - 52098814; 2002-046875 JF - Handbook of ecosystem theories and management AU - O'Neill, Robert V A2 - Jorgensen, Sven E. A2 - Mueller, Felix A2 - Jorgensen, Sven E. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton SN - 1566702534 KW - biodiversity KW - communities KW - food chains KW - mathematical models KW - ecosystems KW - biogeography KW - biota KW - adaptation KW - habitat KW - spatial variations KW - systems analysis KW - theoretical models KW - ecology KW - hierarchy KW - landscapes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52098814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=O%27Neill%2C+Robert+V&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1566702534&rft.btitle=Ecosystems+on+the+landscape%3B+the+role+of+space+in+ecosystem+theory&rft.title=Ecosystems+on+the+landscape%3B+the+role+of+space+in+ecosystem+theory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 199 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Pieces: 3 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The contribution of hyporheic zones to nitrate retention and ecosystem metabolism in headwater streams AN - 52084129; 2002-059062 AB - The contribution of transient storage environments to the functioning of stream ecosystems differs in magnitude and relative importance among catchments that vary in local geology, vegetation and climate. Here we report the initial results of a research program addressing how differences in groundwater-surface water exchange influence stream metabolism and nitrate retention. Research locations each included two streams and ranged from mesic forests (North Carolina, Tennessee) to semi-arid conditions (New Mexico). For each stream, we used co-injections of chloride and Na15NO3 to quantify transient storage zone characteristics and nitrate retention. Transient storage zones were assumed to be hyporheic and differed less between paired streams in Tennessee (As/A = 0.2 and 0.5) than in North Carolina (As/A = 0.5 and 2.0) and New Mexico (As/A = 0.1 and 3.0). Partitioning nitrate retention was accomplished by regressing the ratio of 15N-NO3 to chloride against the percentage of water having resided in the transient storage zone. Ecosystem metabolism was assessed using a whole stream mass balance approach and closed, recirculating benthic chambers. The contribution of the hyporheic zone to whole stream metabolism was determined by difference. Reach metabolism was dominated by heterotrophic activity at all mesic forest sites (P/R ranging from 0.01-0.08), whereas moderate autotrophic activity was measured at both New Mexico sites (P/R ranging from 0.29-0.81). Hyporheic activity accounted for 0%-79% of stream respiration and 10%-50% of nitrate uptake. Preliminary results indicate that the retention of 15NO3 increases with As/A and total energy flow (gross photosynthesis plus respiration). JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Thomas, Steven A AU - Valett, H Maurice AU - Webster, Jackson R AU - Mulholland, Patrick J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 122 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - water storage KW - terrestrial environment KW - isotopes KW - semi-arid environment KW - rivers and streams KW - halogens KW - ecosystems KW - New Mexico KW - vegetation KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - chloride ion KW - mass balance KW - Tennessee KW - retention KW - nitrate ion KW - geochemistry KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - chlorine KW - N-15/N-14 KW - metabolism KW - isotope ratios KW - injection KW - hydrochemistry KW - measurement KW - North Carolina KW - streams KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52084129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+contribution+of+hyporheic+zones+to+nitrate+retention+and+ecosystem+metabolism+in+headwater+streams&rft.au=Thomas%2C+Steven+A%3BValett%2C+H+Maurice%3BWebster%2C+Jackson+R%3BMulholland%2C+Patrick+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chloride ion; chlorine; ecosystems; forests; geochemistry; halogens; hydrochemistry; hydrology; injection; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass balance; measurement; metabolism; N-15/N-14; New Mexico; nitrate ion; nitrogen; North Carolina; retention; rivers and streams; semi-arid environment; stable isotopes; streams; Tennessee; terrestrial environment; United States; vegetation; water storage ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Climate change impacts on the United States; the potential consequences of climate variability and change AN - 52075474; 2002-063019 JF - Climate change impacts on the United States; the potential consequences of climate variability and change AU - Melillo, Jerry M AU - Janetos, Anthony C AU - Karl, Thomas R AU - Corell, Robert AU - Barron, Eric J AU - Burkett, Virginia R AU - Cecich, Thomas F AU - Jacobs, Katherine AU - Miller, Barbara AU - Morgan, M Granger AU - Parson, Edward A AU - Richels, Richard G AU - Schimel, David S AU - Carter, Lynne AU - Easterling, David AU - Felzer, Benjamin AU - Field, John AU - Grabhorn, Paul AU - Hassol, Susan Joy AU - MacCracken, Michael AU - Smith, Joel AU - Taylor, Melissa AU - Wilbanks, Thomas Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 154 KW - United States KW - forests KW - medical geology KW - agriculture KW - shorelines KW - ecosystems KW - climate change KW - human ecology KW - report KW - ecology KW - water resources KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52075474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Melillo%2C+Jerry+M%3BJanetos%2C+Anthony+C%3BKarl%2C+Thomas+R%3BCorell%2C+Robert%3BBarron%2C+Eric+J%3BBurkett%2C+Virginia+R%3BCecich%2C+Thomas+F%3BJacobs%2C+Katherine%3BMiller%2C+Barbara%3BMorgan%2C+M+Granger%3BParson%2C+Edward+A%3BRichels%2C+Richard+G%3BSchimel%2C+David+S%3BCarter%2C+Lynne%3BEasterling%2C+David%3BFelzer%2C+Benjamin%3BField%2C+John%3BGrabhorn%2C+Paul%3BHassol%2C+Susan+Joy%3BMacCracken%2C+Michael%3BSmith%2C+Joel%3BTaylor%2C+Melissa%3BWilbanks%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Melillo&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0521000742&rft.btitle=Climate+change+impacts+on+the+United+States%3B+the+potential+consequences+of+climate+variability+and+change&rft.title=Climate+change+impacts+on+the+United+States%3B+the+potential+consequences+of+climate+variability+and+change&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Availability - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes 2 appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental determination of phase equilibria in the system H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) -NaCl at 0.5 kb from 500 to 800C AN - 52065603; 2002-068198 AB - An understanding of activity-composition (a/X) relations and phase equilibria for halite-bearing, mixed-species supercritical fluids is critically important to many geological and industrial applications. We have performed experiments on the phase equilibria of H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) -NaCl fluids from 500 degrees C to 800 degrees C at 500 bars, conditions of significant importance in studies of magma-hydrothermal systems, geothermal reservoirs and some ore deposits, to obtain highly accurate and precise data for this ternary system. These experiments are conducted using a double capsule technique. An excess of NaCl is placed in an inner Pt capsule, which is crimped shut and placed in an outer capsule containing H (sub 2) O and CO (sub 2) . During the experiment NaCl dissolves out of the inner capsule, and is deposited in the outer capsule during the quench. After the experiment the capsule is opened, and the amount of NaCl remaining in the inner capsule determined by dissolution. The difference between the initial and final amounts of NaCl in the inner capsule yields the solubility of NaCl at the P-T conditions of the experiment. At 500 degrees C data from these experiments suggest that the vapor corner of the three-phase field lies near X(H (sub 2) O) = 0.760, X(NaCl) = 0.065, which is a significantly more water-rich composition than suggested by previous models. As expected, increasing temperature increases the solubility of NaCl in the NaCl-vapor field. For example, at intermediate H (sub 2) O/CO (sub 2) ratios the vapor field extends from approximately X(H2O) = 0.66, X(NaCl) = 0.06 at 500 degrees C to near X(H (sub 2) O) = 0.65, X(NaCl) = 0.08 at 600 degrees C. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Labotka, T C AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 151 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - phase equilibria KW - solubility KW - temperature KW - P-T conditions KW - carbon dioxide KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52065603?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Experimental+determination+of+phase+equilibria+in+the+system+H+%28sub+2%29+O-CO+%28sub+2%29+-NaCl+at+0.5+kb+from+500+to+800C&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+L+M%3BLabotka%2C+T+C%3BBlencoe%2C+James+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; experimental studies; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; sodium chloride; solubility; temperature; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detailed geologic mapping of the western and central inner Piedmont, North Carolina AN - 52023553; 2003-014643 AB - The Inner Piedmont (IP) comprises the Acadian metamorphic core of the southern Appalachians and contains an assemblage of biotite paragneiss, pelitic schist, quartzite, amphibolite, ultramafic rocks, and granitoids. It is dominated by upper amphibolite facies metamorphism, and minimum temperature estimates increase from the western (kyanite-grade) to the central (sillimanite-grade) IP (510 to 670 degrees C). Patterns from recent detailed mapping and compilation of published maps in the central IP of North Carolina reveal structural and stratigraphic differences between the western and central IP. The western IP is dominated by westward-vergent isoclinal folds and Type-F thrust faults, whereas the central IP is dominated by complex fold interference patterns involving isoclinal recumbent folds and a conspicuous lack of major thrust faults. This fold complex is carried northwestward on a major thrust that outcrops farther west. Structures in the western IP are oriented NE-SW, whereas foliations and lineations are oriented NW-SE in the central IP. Gneisses and schists of the western and central IP have previously been correlated with the Tallulah Falls Formation of the eastern Blue Ridge. New ion microprobe detrital zircon studies also support this correlation. The garnet aluminous schist member of the Tallulah Falls Formation thickens dramatically toward the central IP, with thickening related either to a facies change or tectonic thickening. Local concentration of sillimanite schist in the hinge of a large synform suggests tectonic thickening, but regional relationships favor stratigraphic thickening. A number of large granitoid bodies are present in this area including the Henderson Gneiss, the Dysartsville gneiss, the Walker Top gneiss, and the Toluca Granite and occur as foliated, disseminated pods, stocks, and batholiths concordant with regional structures. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bier, S E AU - Bream, B R AU - Hatcher, Robert D, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 234 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - granites KW - mass spectra KW - Appalachians KW - amphibolites KW - temperature KW - plutonic rocks KW - folds KW - metamorphic rocks KW - amphibolite facies KW - metasedimentary rocks KW - Henderson Gneiss KW - Tallulah Falls Formation KW - outcrops KW - batholiths KW - faults KW - gneisses KW - orientation KW - North America KW - patterns KW - schists KW - Paleozoic KW - Acadian Phase KW - isoclinal folds KW - ultramafics KW - intrusions KW - Southern Appalachians KW - Toluca Granite KW - Walker Top Gneiss KW - metamorphic core complexes KW - United States KW - paragneiss KW - ion probe data KW - igneous rocks KW - quartzites KW - mapping KW - stocks KW - Cambrian KW - lower Paleozoic KW - spectra KW - lineation KW - crustal thickening KW - structural analysis KW - Dysartsville Gneiss KW - thrust faults KW - North Carolina KW - foliation KW - Piedmont KW - facies KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52023553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Detailed+geologic+mapping+of+the+western+and+central+inner+Piedmont%2C+North+Carolina&rft.au=Bier%2C+S+E%3BBream%2C+B+R%3BHatcher%2C+Robert+D%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bier&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=234&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acadian Phase; amphibolite facies; amphibolites; Appalachians; batholiths; Cambrian; crustal thickening; Dysartsville Gneiss; facies; faults; folds; foliation; gneisses; granites; Henderson Gneiss; igneous rocks; intrusions; ion probe data; isoclinal folds; lineation; lower Paleozoic; mapping; mass spectra; metamorphic core complexes; metamorphic rocks; metasedimentary rocks; North America; North Carolina; orientation; outcrops; Paleozoic; paragneiss; patterns; Piedmont; plutonic rocks; quartzites; schists; Southern Appalachians; spectra; stocks; structural analysis; Tallulah Falls Formation; temperature; thrust faults; Toluca Granite; ultramafics; United States; Walker Top Gneiss ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel consumption and cement manufactured, 1751-1991, and an estimate of their isotopic composition and latitudinal distribution AN - 52011172; 2003-023129 JF - The carbon cycle AU - Andres, Robert J AU - Marland, Gregg AU - Boden, Tom AU - Bischof, Steve A2 - Wigley, Tom M. L. A2 - Schimel, David S. A2 - Wigley, Tom M. L. A2 - Rasmussen, Carol Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge SN - 0521583373 KW - time series analysis KW - pollutants KW - global KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - distribution KW - emissivity KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - spatial distribution KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - air KW - latitude KW - carbon cycle KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52011172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Andres%2C+Robert+J%3BMarland%2C+Gregg%3BBoden%2C+Tom%3BBischof%2C+Steve&rft.aulast=Andres&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0521583373&rft.btitle=Carbon+dioxide+emissions+from+fossil+fuel+consumption+and+cement+manufactured%2C+1751-1991%2C+and+an+estimate+of+their+isotopic+composition+and+latitudinal+distribution&rft.title=Carbon+dioxide+emissions+from+fossil+fuel+consumption+and+cement+manufactured%2C+1751-1991%2C+and+an+estimate+of+their+isotopic+composition+and+latitudinal+distribution&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - CO (sub 2) and the carbon cycle (extracted from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report, "climate change, 1994") AN - 52009256; 2003-023135 AB - Studies on the carbon cycle have increased due to the observed increase in levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide and the because signing of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change asks nations to assess their contribution to sources and sinks of carbon dioxide, and to evaluate processes that control carbon dioxide accumulation in the atmosphere. This chapter summarizes recent studies in the carbon cycle. (modified auth. abst.) JF - The carbon cycle AU - Schimel, David S AU - Enting, Ian G AU - Heimann, Martin AU - Wigley, Tom M L AU - Raynaud, Dominique AU - Alves, D AU - Siegenthaler, U AU - Brown, S AU - Emanuel, William R AU - Fasham, M AU - Field, C AU - Friedlingstein, Pierre AU - Gifford, Roger M AU - Houghton, Richard A AU - Janetos, A AU - Kempe, S AU - Leemans, R AU - Maier-Reimer, E AU - Marland, Gregg AU - McMurtrie, R AU - Melillo, J AU - Minster, J F AU - Monfray, P AU - Mousseau, M AU - Ojima, Dennis S AU - Peel, D AU - Skole, D AU - Sulzman, E AU - Tans, P AU - Totterdell, I AU - Vitousek, P A2 - Wigley, Tom M. L. A2 - Schimel, David S. A2 - Wigley, Tom M. L. A2 - Rasmussen, Carol Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge SN - 0521583373 KW - ecosystems KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - spatial distribution KW - Greenland KW - carbon KW - glacial environment KW - climate effects KW - concentration KW - ocean circulation KW - ice cores KW - Quaternary KW - interglacial environment KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - Arctic region KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - geochemical cycle KW - time scales KW - nutrients KW - history KW - Antarctica KW - carbon cycle KW - land use KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52009256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Schimel%2C+David+S%3BEnting%2C+Ian+G%3BHeimann%2C+Martin%3BWigley%2C+Tom+M+L%3BRaynaud%2C+Dominique%3BAlves%2C+D%3BSiegenthaler%2C+U%3BBrown%2C+S%3BEmanuel%2C+William+R%3BFasham%2C+M%3BField%2C+C%3BFriedlingstein%2C+Pierre%3BGifford%2C+Roger+M%3BHoughton%2C+Richard+A%3BJanetos%2C+A%3BKempe%2C+S%3BLeemans%2C+R%3BMaier-Reimer%2C+E%3BMarland%2C+Gregg%3BMcMurtrie%2C+R%3BMelillo%2C+J%3BMinster%2C+J+F%3BMonfray%2C+P%3BMousseau%2C+M%3BOjima%2C+Dennis+S%3BPeel%2C+D%3BSkole%2C+D%3BSulzman%2C+E%3BTans%2C+P%3BTotterdell%2C+I%3BVitousek%2C+P&rft.aulast=Schimel&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0521583373&rft.btitle=CO+%28sub+2%29+and+the+carbon+cycle+%28extracted+from+the+Intergovernmental+Panel+on+Climate+Change+%28IPCC%29+report%2C+%22climate+change%2C+1994%22%29&rft.title=CO+%28sub+2%29+and+the+carbon+cycle+%28extracted+from+the+Intergovernmental+Panel+on+Climate+Change+%28IPCC%29+report%2C+%22climate+change%2C+1994%22%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 188 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time estimates of hydrothermal fluid-mineral interaction controlled by coupled reaction-diffusion at the microscopic scale AN - 51963146; 2003-052704 AB - There are numerous examples of the coupling of chemical reactions and diffusion in nature. In hydrothermally altered volcanic rocks such as the Rico system, CO, formation of albitic/sericitic rims on plagioclase (200-1000 microns in diameter) has been observed where original grain habit (size and shape) and twinning are still preserved. These rims are well defined zones that follow closely the outline of the grain edge, or exhibit more irregular patterns that include altered areas developed on cracks that cross-cut the feldspar. Detailed microscopic and SEM observations indicate the altered zones consist of a mosaic of sub-grains generally <10 microns in diameter. The key observation in many systems is that the rim thickness increases at the expense of the unaltered, residual grain whose effective radius decreases. Clearly, the conversion of one phase to another (plagioclase to albite) involves chemical reaction at the phase boundary with diffusion through a "porous" reaction layer. A shrinking-core model was used to estimate the amount of time needed to develop different magnitudes of rim formation assuming a spherical grain geometry. Rate data on Na-K exchange in alkali feldspars were used as proxies for the rates of albitization of plagioclase. Chemical reaction rates (k) were fixed by T, P and fluid composition (e.g., pH; salinity), whereas diffusivites (D) were fixed by P and T. Unrealistically long or short times were estimated if either rate parameter was assumed to be rate limiting. Simulation of conditions at Rico (T = 150-300C; P = 1 kbar; salinity = 1 m NaCl) indicates that narrow rims (10-100's micron) formed at low T's (150-200C) took 100,000 to 1 million yrs to develop, whereas thicker rims (up to 1 mm) formed at higher T's (250-300C) took only 50,000 to 100,000 yrs to develop. These times represent integrated value and do not account for cessation of fluid-rock interaction due to episodic sealing of the flow system. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Cole, David R AU - Larson, Peter B AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 290 EP - 291 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - alteration KW - crystal growth KW - salinity KW - metasomatism KW - twinning KW - controls KW - habit KW - chemical reactions KW - alkali feldspar KW - water-rock interaction KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - framework silicates KW - zoning KW - pH KW - P-T conditions KW - diffusivity KW - diffusion KW - rates KW - models KW - Colorado KW - feldspar group KW - SEM data KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51963146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Time+estimates+of+hydrothermal+fluid-mineral+interaction+controlled+by+coupled+reaction-diffusion+at+the+microscopic+scale&rft.au=Cole%2C+David+R%3BLarson%2C+Peter+B%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali feldspar; alteration; chemical reactions; Colorado; controls; crystal growth; diffusion; diffusivity; feldspar group; framework silicates; habit; hydrothermal alteration; metasomatism; models; P-T conditions; pH; rates; salinity; SEM data; silicates; twinning; United States; water-rock interaction; zoning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanoanalysis of metamorphic magnetite using field ion microscopy and three-dimensional atom probe AN - 51962749; 2003-052702 AB - Three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) microanalysis is a highly attractive technique for the nanoanalysis of geological materials despite the difficulties inherent in analyzing semiconducting and insulating materials. Field ion specimens have been successfully fabricated from samples of metamorphic magnetite crystals (Fe3O4) extracted from a polymetamorphosed, granulite-facies marble with the use of a focused ion beam (FIB). These magnetite crystals contain nanometer-scale, disk-shaped lamellae which qualitative energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) has shown contain elevated concentrations of manganese and aluminum. These lamellae make this magnetite particularly attractive for investigating the capabilities of APT for the nanoanalysis of geological materials. Field ion microscope (FIM) images of these magnetite crystals were obtained in which the observed size and morphology of the precipitates agree with previous results. Although a limited number (<3000) of ions were collected in an energy compensated optical position-sensitive atom probe (ECOPoSAP), peaks for singly ionized 16O, 56Fe, and 56FeO and doubly ionized 16O2 54Fe, 56Fe and 57Fe peaks were fully resolved. Manganese and aluminum were observed in a limited analysis of a single lamella in the ECOPoSAP. Research at the California Institute of Technology and University of Wisconsin - Madison was sponsored by the Cross Enterprise Technology Development Program, U. S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration and by the Director's Research and Development Fund, Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Research at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory SHaRE User Facility was sponsored by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, U. S. Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC, and through the SHaRE Program under contract DE-AC05-76OR00033 with Oak Ridge Associated Universities. Submitted to the 2000 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America, November 13-16, 2000. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Kuhlman, Kimberly R AU - Kelly, Thomas F AU - Martens, Richard L AU - Miller, Michael K AU - Evans, Neal D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 290 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - granulite facies KW - three-dimensional models KW - metamorphism KW - lamellae KW - X-ray spectra KW - metamorphic rocks KW - marbles KW - polymetamorphism KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - magnetite KW - facies KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51962749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Nanoanalysis+of+metamorphic+magnetite+using+field+ion+microscopy+and+three-dimensional+atom+probe&rft.au=Kuhlman%2C+Kimberly+R%3BKelly%2C+Thomas+F%3BMartens%2C+Richard+L%3BMiller%2C+Michael+K%3BEvans%2C+Neal+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kuhlman&rft.aufirst=Kimberly&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - facies; granulite facies; lamellae; magnetite; marbles; metamorphic rocks; metamorphism; oxides; polymetamorphism; spectra; three-dimensional models; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diffusion dating of obsidian artifacts from Chalco, Mexico by secondary ion mass spectrometry AN - 51962171; 2003-052608 AB - Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) was used to measure hydrogen concentrations as a function of depth in ten obsidian artifacts (Pachuca Source) from Mound 65, Chalco, Mexico with ages from 600 to 1500CE. Hydrogen depth profiles exhibit a characteristic S-shape, and both maximum hydrogen content and profile depths correlate with sample age. The potential of Obsidian Diffusion Dating by SIMS (ODDSIMS) for both extrinsic and intrinsic dating of obsidian artifacts was investigated. Using "characteristic points" on the hydrogen profile, hydration rate equations were evaluated against time constraints provided by associated 14C dates. Neither the relation that depth (x) is a function of the square root of time (t (super 1/2) ) used in traditional optical obsidian hydration dating, nor a linear function (t (super 1) ) fit the data. A generalized tn function provides an excellent fit (for n 0.75), and meets the constraint that at t = 0, x = 0. However, this "average" coefficient may not accurately reflect rates at shorter or longer times. Application of calibration curves derived using only two obsidian samples and associated 14C dates provide ODDSIMS dates on other samples that agree well with associated 14C dates, indicating that empirical application of ODDSIMS is feasible. The underlying processes governing hydrogen transport were evaluated using finite difference modeling of the hydrogen depth profiles. Excellent fits were obtained by assuming concentration dependent diffusion, and dates that agree well with associated 14C dates can be extracted from the finite difference profiles. Although additional work remains, the success of the finite difference modeling suggests that development of an independent, intrinsic ODDSIMS dating technique may be possible. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Elam, J M AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Cole, David R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 275 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - diffusion KW - archaeology KW - volcanic rocks KW - ion probe data KW - glasses KW - Chalco Mexico KW - igneous rocks KW - finite difference analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - mass spectra KW - artifacts KW - hydration KW - Mexico KW - geochronology KW - hydrogen KW - obsidian KW - spectra KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51962171?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Diffusion+dating+of+obsidian+artifacts+from+Chalco%2C+Mexico+by+secondary+ion+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Riciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BElam%2C+J+M%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Riciputi&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - archaeology; artifacts; Chalco Mexico; diffusion; finite difference analysis; geochronology; glasses; hydration; hydrogen; igneous rocks; ion probe data; mass spectra; Mexico; obsidian; spectra; statistical analysis; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental and theoretical study of pressure effect on isotopic fractionation between hydrous minerals and water AN - 51940432; 2003-065023 AB - In order to investigate pressure effects on isotopic partitioning under natural conditions, we have been conducting a series of experimental and theoretical studies of isotope fractionation between minerals and water at elevated temperatures. Detailed, systematic experiments of D/H fractionation between brucite [Mg(OH)2] and water conducted at 200-600 degrees C and at pressures up to 8 kbars clearly demonstrated that the D/H fractionation factor increased measurably (4-12 per mil) with increasing pressure at all temperatures investigated (380 degrees C data in Horita et al., 1999, Science 286, p1545). A good linear relationship was observed between the measured D/H fractionation factors and the densities of water at a given temperature. We also conducted theoretical calculations of the pressure isotope effect in order to differentiate the effects on the mineral brucite and water. Thermodynamic calculations using data of the molar volumes of normal and heavy water at 400-600 degrees C show that D/H reduced partition function ratios for water decrease up to 5 per mil with increasing pressure to 1 kbar. These effects are somewhat smaller than calculations by Driesner (1997). Statistical-mechanical calculations using the Kieffer model suggest small pressure effects on D/H reduced partition function ratios for brucite, which increase linearly with pressure. Thus, pressure effects are much larger on water than on brucite, and calculations on the brucite-water fractionation factor are in good agreement with the experimental results. The experimental and theoretical studies together prove unambiguously that pressure is indeed an important variable in determining equilibrium D/H partitioning between water and any other phases even at elevated temperatures. The isotope pressure effects measured and calculated are far beyond analytical errors, and have significant implications for stable isotope geochemistry. Research sponsored by Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, U. S. DOE under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Horita, Juske AU - Cole, David R AU - Polyakov, Veniamin B AU - Driesner, Thomas AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 347 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - isotope fractionation KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - Kieffer model KW - density KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - statistical analysis KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - partitioning KW - theoretical studies KW - brucite KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - oxides KW - P-T conditions KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51940432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Experimental+and+theoretical+study+of+pressure+effect+on+isotopic+fractionation+between+hydrous+minerals+and+water&rft.au=Horita%2C+Juske%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BPolyakov%2C+Veniamin+B%3BDriesner%2C+Thomas%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=Juske&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brucite; D/H; density; experimental studies; hydrogen; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; Kieffer model; oxides; P-T conditions; partitioning; pressure; stable isotopes; statistical analysis; temperature; theoretical studies; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical and isotopic constraints on microbial iron reduction AN - 51922356; 2003-076979 AB - Iron-reducing bacteria can use both organic carbon and hydrogen as energy sources for iron reduction. The goal of this study is to examine the chemical and isotopic constraints on iron reduction under organic carbon or hydrogen conditions. Two mesophilic iron-reducing bacteria (Shewanella strains CN32 and BrY) were studied, which used lactate or H2/CO2 as the energy and carbon sources. Amorphous iron or ferric citrate was used as the electron acceptor. Fe(II) production was always higher (up to 45 mM) and the redox potentials were always lower (-470 to -650 mV) under the hydrogen conditions than under the lactate conditions (Fe(II)-450 mV). Observations of the run products under TEM revealed disk-like or rod-shaped siderite crystals (2-10 microns), which are in contrast to the cubic crystals of siderite reported by others. Carbon isotopes of biomass were similar (-25 per mil) under both H2/CO2 and lactate conditions. However, the fractionation between biomass carbon and final CO2 was averaged 15 per mil lower under the H2/CO2 conditions than under the lactate conditions (13C/12C = -14.2 vs. 1.1 per mil). Hydrogen isotopes of the biomass averaged -107+ or -11 per mil under the H2 conditions and averaged -101+ or -8 per mil under the lactate conditions. These values were similar despite that the initial H2 and lactate had a 50 per mil difference in the D/H ratios (-157 vs. -207 per mil). Thus, hydrogen isotopes of the biomass appeared to be controlled by a third source, the medium water, which was a dominant reservoir of hydrogen isotopes in the system. These results indicated that the extent of iron reduction and the type and morphology of biominerals were influenced by redox and other chemical conditions (e.g., pH) mediated by the bacteria. Furthermore, carbon and hydrogen isotopes may be used to delineate the biochemical pathways during iron reduction involving these types of mesophilic strains. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zhang, Chuanlun L AU - Li, Y AU - Romanek, C S AU - Vali, H AU - Horita, J AU - Cole, D R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 355 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - biomineralization KW - isotope fractionation KW - isotopes KW - biomass KW - amorphous materials KW - isotope ratios KW - biochemistry KW - C-13/C-12 KW - TEM data KW - stable isotopes KW - Shewanella KW - iron KW - carbon dioxide KW - D/H KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - carbon KW - bacteria KW - reduction KW - organic carbon KW - pH KW - energy KW - Eh KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51922356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Chemical+and+isotopic+constraints+on+microbial+iron+reduction&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Chuanlun+L%3BLi%2C+Y%3BRomanek%2C+C+S%3BVali%2C+H%3BHorita%2C+J%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Chuanlun&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; bacteria; biochemistry; biomass; biomineralization; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon dioxide; D/H; Eh; energy; hydrogen; iron; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; organic carbon; pH; reduction; Shewanella; stable isotopes; TEM data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Basic research strategies for resolving remediation needs in contaminated fractured media AN - 51899087; 2004-010585 AB - This paper describes a multidisciplinary endeavor to develop and employ basic research strategies for guiding remediation efforts in contaminated fractured subsurface media at the U.S. Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory. It gives a brief overview of research activities spanning the past 15 years that have sought to provide both an improved understanding of and a predictive capability for contaminant transport processes in highly structured, heterogeneous subsurface environments that are complicated by fracture flow and matrix diffusion. Our approach involved a multiscale (cm-to-ha) experimental and numerical endeavor to investigate coupled time-dependent hydrological and geochemical processes that control contaminant migration in unsaturated and saturated soil and rock. Novel tracer techniques and experimental manipulation strategies were applied at laboratory, intermediate, and field scales to unravel the influence of multiple processes on contaminant fate and transport. The basic research strategies have significantly improved our conceptual understanding of time-dependent solute migration in fractured subsurface media. This information has proven useful in decision-making processes regarding selection of effective remedial actions and interpretation of monitoring results after remediation is complete. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Jardine, P M AU - Brooks, S C AU - Wilson, G V AU - Sanford, W E Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 389 EP - 400 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 122 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - fractured materials KW - experimental studies KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - research KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - laboratory studies KW - saturated zone KW - Tennessee KW - hydrodynamics KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51899087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Basic+research+strategies+for+resolving+remediation+needs+in+contaminated+fractured+media&rft.au=Jardine%2C+P+M%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BWilson%2C+G+V%3BSanford%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=9781118669662&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2FGM122p0389 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rocks; concepts and recent advances N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - experimental studies; fractured materials; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; laboratory studies; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollution; radioactive waste; remediation; research; saturated zone; solute transport; Tennessee; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/GM122p0389 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solute displacement through variably saturated laminated silts and sands from arid regions AN - 51893670; 2004-012935 AB - Past disposal of contaminants and radionuclides at Department of Energy facilities in arid regions has often relied upon a thick vadose zone to inhibit contaminant migration to groundwater. Observations of enhanced contaminant movement (e.g., at Hanford Reservation) have suggested that heterogeneities in the unsaturated zone may have resulted in rapid preferential flow, significant lateral flow, or water table perching. This study seeks to quantify hydrologic pathways under unsaturated conditions, using large undisturbed cores of laminated silts and sands representative of those beneath the Hanford tank farms (Ringold formation). Vertical and horizontal cores were collected from a silty upper sand unit and a sandy lower unit to investigate the influence of sedimentary stratification and lithologic discontinuities on solute mobility. The extent of preferential flow and physical nonequilibrium were assessed using three nonreactive tracers with different diffusion coefficients (bromide, PFBA, and PIPES). Miscible displacement experiments were performed under a range of water contents (0.25 to 0.40). Results indicate that lateral flow is a strong contributor to the spread of contaminants beneath the tank farms and that matrix diffusion processes are not contributing to the attenuation of waste as it migrates through the vadose zone. Modeling results of these studies are currently being used to design fate and transport investigations involving 238U, 134Cs, and 99Tc. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Mayes, Melanie A AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Mehlhorn, Tonia L AU - Ladd, Jennifer L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 408 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - terrestrial environment KW - halogens KW - unsaturated zone KW - PIPES KW - movement KW - sedimentary structures KW - technetium KW - clastic sediments KW - solutes KW - Hanford Site KW - models KW - water table KW - Tertiary KW - stratification KW - uranium KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - bromide ion KW - cores KW - observations KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - PFBA KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - water KW - sand KW - diffusion KW - Washington KW - laminations KW - arid environment KW - matrix KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - silt KW - Tc-99 KW - bromine KW - Ringold Formation KW - planar bedding structures KW - saturation KW - Neogene KW - metals KW - Pliocene KW - Cs-134 KW - U-238 KW - actinides KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51893670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Solute+displacement+through+variably+saturated+laminated+silts+and+sands+from+arid+regions&rft.au=Mayes%2C+Melanie+A%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BMehlhorn%2C+Tonia+L%3BLadd%2C+Jennifer+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mayes&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=408&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkali metals; arid environment; bromide ion; bromine; Cenozoic; cesium; clastic sediments; cores; Cs-134; diffusion; ground water; halogens; Hanford Site; isotopes; laminations; matrix; metals; models; movement; Neogene; observations; PFBA; PIPES; planar bedding structures; Pliocene; pollution; radioactive isotopes; Ringold Formation; sand; saturation; sedimentary structures; sediments; silt; solutes; stratification; Tc-99; technetium; terrestrial environment; Tertiary; tracers; U-238; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; Washington; water; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The partial molar volume of water in magmatic silicate melts AN - 51885611; 2004-013093 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Naney, Michael T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 434 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - pressure KW - characterization KW - siliceous composition KW - solubility KW - high pressure KW - melts KW - temperature KW - phase equilibria KW - magmas KW - thermodynamic properties KW - high temperature KW - calorimetry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51885611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+partial+molar+volume+of+water+in+magmatic+silicate+melts&rft.au=Blencoe%2C+James+G%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BNaney%2C+Michael+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Blencoe&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=434&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calorimetry; characterization; high pressure; high temperature; magmas; melts; phase equilibria; pressure; siliceous composition; solubility; temperature; thermodynamic properties; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three dimensional geometry and kinematic modeling of a transpressional fold belt in central Colombia AN - 51885285; 2004-018395 AB - Detailed geologic mapping of the Piedras-Girardot fold belt reveals a dextral positive flower structure in the western border of the Cordillera Oriental. A major ENE trending dextral strike-slip fault (Ibague fault: IF) serves as the northern boundary for a dextral shear couple approximately 30 km wide. South of the IF, a complex array of faults and folds exists: northwest- and west-verging thrust faults, north- and northeast-verging normal faults, and north- and northeast-trending strike-slip faults. Changes in the structural trend delineate a sinistral stepover in this dextral system, with faults verging outwardly in opposite directions defining a positive flower structure. Dextral bends in this dextral fault system created space for the accumulation of two thick Cenozoic molasse deposits that were later folded. 2D seismic data helps constrain this interpretation with thin-skin deformation for the frontal thrust faults, and basement-involved faults in the core of the flower structure. An intense deformation fabric developed: pervasive, anastomosing systematic cleavage in fine-grained rocks, along with calcite-filled veins, and spaced joints. Conglomerates developed a deformation fabric of fractures in pebbles in a systematic orientation parallel to the orientation of cleavage. These orientations are consistent with the non-coaxial development of a dextral shear couple. Cleavage is now nearly parallel to the IF, and its anastomosing geometry reflects the progressive rotation of the finite strain axes. Strain markers measured in the field (deformed ammonites) indicate that the normal to cleavage planes may approximately indicate the direction of the maximum shortening axis. The orientation of calcite-filled veins is nearly perpendicular to cleavage, and further suggests a direct relation to the orientation of finite strain axes. We used all these elements to construct kinematically admissible 2D cross sections, and a three-dimensional model. We then performed 3D forward modeling to test the validity of the kinematic model. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Montes, Camilo AU - Hatcher, Robert D, Jr AU - Restrepo-Pace, Pedro A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 506 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - Piedras-Girardot fold belt KW - Ibague Fault KW - geophysical surveys KW - strain KW - joints KW - mapping KW - transpression KW - strike-slip faults KW - Colombia KW - central Colombia KW - thin-skinned tectonics KW - Cenozoic KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - style KW - normal faults KW - folds KW - tectonics KW - fabric KW - cleavage KW - faults KW - orientation KW - Andes KW - Eastern Cordillera KW - shear zones KW - three-dimensional models KW - structural analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - molasse KW - deformation KW - veins KW - two-dimensional models KW - seismic methods KW - geometry KW - models KW - kinematics KW - crustal shortening KW - South America KW - thrust faults KW - surveys KW - foliation KW - clastic rocks KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51885285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Three+dimensional+geometry+and+kinematic+modeling+of+a+transpressional+fold+belt+in+central+Colombia&rft.au=Montes%2C+Camilo%3BHatcher%2C+Robert+D%2C+Jr%3BRestrepo-Pace%2C+Pedro+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Montes&rft.aufirst=Camilo&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=506&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Andes; Cenozoic; central Colombia; clastic rocks; cleavage; Colombia; crustal shortening; deformation; Eastern Cordillera; fabric; faults; folds; foliation; fractures; geometry; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Ibague Fault; joints; kinematics; mapping; models; molasse; normal faults; orientation; Piedras-Girardot fold belt; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; shear zones; South America; strain; strike-slip faults; structural analysis; style; surveys; tectonics; thin-skinned tectonics; three-dimensional models; thrust faults; transpression; two-dimensional models; veins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature dependence of surface protonation and metal adsorption reactions occurring at the bacteria-water interface AN - 51336343; 2004-015042 AB - Microorganisms exist in a wide range of high temperature (50 to >110 degrees C) aqueous systems, including contaminated groundwater aquifers, mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal systems, deep sedimentary basins, and geothermal hot springs. The cell walls of these microorganisms contain proton-active surface functional groups which, under most pH conditions, result in a negatively charged cell surface. Consequently, bacterial cell walls display a strong affinity for aqueous metal cations, and are capable of affecting dissolved metal transport and mineral dissolution. Due to the decrease in the dielectric constant of water with increasing temperature, both aqueous and surface complexes become more stable with increasing temperature. Because of these two competing effects on metal mobility, quantitative models of mass transport in high temperature systems require that the protonation and metal-bacteria adsorption reactions be studied independently, over a range of temperatures. Using the Hydrogen Electrode Concentration Cell (HECC) developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, we conducted the first potentiometric titrations of bacterial surfaces at temperatures above 25 degrees C (30, 50 and 75 degrees C). The bacteria species chosen for this study are: 1) Bacillus subtilis, an aerobic, gram-positive bacteria present in a wide variety of low-temperature, near-surface environments; and 2) TOR-39, an anaerobic, Fe-reducing, thermophylic bacteria isolated from a deep sedimentary basin. Using a surface complexation approach that has been previously applied only to room temperature experiments, we characterized the temperature dependence of the surface protonation constants for the two bacterial species. Our results indicate that the surface acidity can be successfully described using site-specific reactions involving discrete surface functional groups.We also present preliminary results of neodymium adsorption onto the surface of Bacillus subtilis at 50 degrees C. These "proof of principle" experiments demonstrate that: A) significant amounts of Nd3+ can adsorb to the bacterial surface; and B) the adsorption phenomena can be measured using an in-situ examination of the proton balance change induced by the metal adsorption. The implications for future experimental studies and for enhanced actinide transport by bacteria are discussed. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Wightman, Peter G AU - Fein, Jeremy B AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Benezeth, Pascale AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 491 EP - 492 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - complexing KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - springs KW - protonation KW - ocean floors KW - mobility KW - Bacillus KW - pH KW - water KW - Bacillus subtilis KW - titration KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - thermal waters KW - aquifers KW - models KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - cations KW - hot springs KW - actinides KW - high temperature KW - mid-ocean ridges KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51336343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Temperature+dependence+of+surface+protonation+and+metal+adsorption+reactions+occurring+at+the+bacteria-water+interface&rft.au=Wightman%2C+Peter+G%3BFein%2C+Jeremy+B%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BBenezeth%2C+Pascale%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wightman&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; adsorption; aerobic environment; aquifers; Bacillus; Bacillus subtilis; bacteria; biochemistry; cations; chemical reactions; complexing; dissolved materials; ground water; high temperature; hot springs; metals; microorganisms; mid-ocean ridges; mobility; models; ocean floors; pH; pollution; protonation; springs; temperature; thermal waters; titration; transport; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of improved airborne techniques for detection of UXO AN - 50909336; 2000-046770 AB - Recent development of helicopter boom-mounted magnetic detection systems (Gamey and Mahler, 1999) have made it possible to detect to much smaller objects than could be detected with conventional towed systems. Data acquired with the HM3 (super TM) system in June 1999 at the Badlands Bombing Range (BBR) in South Dakota indicate sensitivity to ordnance and buried metals that have a mass of less than 10 kg. This is significantly better than was observed in an earlier test with the HM3 (super TM) system at Edwards Air Force Base (EAFB) in California (Doll et. al., 1999). This paper presents an overview of the project and initial results. Data were acquired in six areas at BBR. These included two trench areas, two bombing targets, a controlled test site, and an undiscovered bombing target. The first two bombing targets had previously been surveyed with the MTADS system (McDonald and Robertson, 1996). The third bombing target was discovered in the course of a blind survey of a "clean" part of the range. The controlled test site consisted of 24 holes in which deactivated ordnance, fragments of ordnance, simulants, plumbing pipes, and known metallic objects (e.g. segments of reinforcing rods and I-beams) were placed at depths ranging from 0 to 1 m. The smallest objects at the test site were approximately 5 kg. The improved sensitivity at BBR is attributed to: 1) higher data sampling rates, 2) elimination of a low pass filter that was used at EAFB, 3) improved techniques for removal of geologic noise, 4) lower instrument altitude in flatter terrain, and 5) more favorable geologic background conditions. These results indicate that airborne magnetic methods are an appropriate tool for detection of ordnance, and for screening or characterizing large areas of suspected contamination. This is particularly true at sites where low survey altitudes are possible, background geologic response is low, and expected target size is within range. JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Gamey, T J AU - Doll, W E AU - Bell, D T AU - Duffy, A AU - Millhouse, S D A2 - Powers, Michael H. A2 - Ibrahim, Abou-Bakr A2 - Cramer, Lynn Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 57 EP - 66 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2000 KW - United States KW - Global Positioning System KW - geophysical surveys KW - site exploration KW - data processing KW - Cuny Table South Dakota KW - magnetometers KW - magnetic field KW - California KW - topography KW - sedimentary rocks KW - explosives KW - Jackson County South Dakota KW - siltstone KW - data bases KW - helicopter methods KW - archaeology KW - bentonite KW - cartography KW - geophysical methods KW - magnetic methods KW - altimetry KW - Geosoft computer program KW - Shannon County South Dakota KW - terrains KW - detection KW - Edwards Air Force Base KW - Badlands Bombing Range KW - surveys KW - military facilities KW - clastic rocks KW - filters KW - South Dakota KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50909336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+improved+airborne+techniques+for+detection+of+UXO&rft.au=Gamey%2C+T+J%3BDoll%2C+W+E%3BBell%2C+D+T%3BDuffy%2C+A%3BMillhouse%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Gamey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=2000&rft.issue=&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - altimetry; archaeology; Badlands Bombing Range; bentonite; California; cartography; clastic rocks; Cuny Table South Dakota; data bases; data processing; detection; Edwards Air Force Base; explosives; filters; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Geosoft computer program; Global Positioning System; helicopter methods; Jackson County South Dakota; magnetic field; magnetic methods; magnetometers; military facilities; remote sensing; sedimentary rocks; Shannon County South Dakota; siltstone; site exploration; South Dakota; surveys; terrains; topography; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water in the Martian mantle; clues from light lithophile elements in Martian meteorites AN - 50277152; 2006-054278 AB - SIMS data of B, Be and Li in nakhlites and Shergotty are used to examine the volatile histories of martian parental magmas. Significant loss of B and Li in Shergotty during crystallization points to a wet parent magma. JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Lentz, R C F AU - Ryan, J G AU - Riciputi, L R AU - McSween, H Y, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 EP - abstr. no. 1672 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 31 KW - silicates KW - subduction zones KW - stony meteorites KW - Martian meteorites KW - mass spectra KW - temperature KW - clinoamphibole KW - meteorites KW - water content KW - framework silicates KW - degassing KW - chain silicates KW - plagioclase KW - lithium KW - solubility KW - depth KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - terrestrial planets KW - kaersutite KW - planets KW - shergottite KW - parent materials KW - boron KW - feldspar group KW - Shergotty Meteorite KW - nakhlite KW - ion probe data KW - mantle KW - Mars KW - Nakhla Meteorite KW - lithophile elements KW - SNC Meteorites KW - pyroxene group KW - melting KW - phase equilibria KW - spectra KW - trace elements KW - geochemistry KW - water KW - alkaline earth metals KW - pressure KW - Lafayette Meteorite KW - amphibole group KW - alkali metals KW - achondrites KW - volatiles KW - metals KW - magmas KW - crystallization KW - terrestrial comparison KW - exsolution KW - beryllium KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50277152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Water+in+the+Martian+mantle%3B+clues+from+light+lithophile+elements+in+Martian+meteorites&rft.au=Lentz%2C+R+C+F%3BRyan%2C+J+G%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R%3BMcSween%2C+H+Y%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lentz&rft.aufirst=R+C&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2000/pdf/1672.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-first Lunar and Planetary Science Conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; amphibole group; beryllium; boron; chain silicates; clinoamphibole; crystallization; degassing; depth; exsolution; feldspar group; framework silicates; geochemistry; hydrothermal conditions; ion probe data; kaersutite; Lafayette Meteorite; lithium; lithophile elements; magmas; mantle; Mars; Martian meteorites; mass spectra; melting; metals; meteorites; Nakhla Meteorite; nakhlite; parent materials; phase equilibria; plagioclase; planets; pressure; pyroxene group; shergottite; Shergotty Meteorite; silicates; SNC Meteorites; solubility; spectra; stony meteorites; subduction zones; temperature; terrestrial comparison; terrestrial planets; trace elements; volatiles; water; water content ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Radiological performance assessment for the E-Area low-level waste facility AN - 50263896; 2008-084289 JF - Radiological performance assessment for the E-Area low-level waste facility AU - Cook, James R AU - McDowell-Bayer, Laura AU - Yu, Andrew D AU - Kocher, David C AU - Wilhite, Elmer L AU - Holmes-Burns, Heather AU - Young, Karen E Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 858 VL - WSRC-RP-94-0218/REV.1 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - terrestrial environment KW - South Carolina KW - site exploration KW - waste disposal sites KW - stability KW - reinforced materials KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - chemical properties KW - geochemistry KW - hydrology KW - migration of elements KW - preventive measures KW - aquifers KW - natural resources KW - underground installations KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - Savannah River Site KW - low-level waste KW - aquatic environment KW - underground disposal KW - land use KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50263896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Cook%2C+James+R%3BMcDowell-Bayer%2C+Laura%3BYu%2C+Andrew+D%3BKocher%2C+David+C%3BWilhite%2C+Elmer+L%3BHolmes-Burns%2C+Heather%3BYoung%2C+Karen+E&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Radiological+performance+assessment+for+the+E-Area+low-level+waste+facility&rft.title=Radiological+performance+assessment+for+the+E-Area+low-level+waste+facility&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sti.srs.gov/fulltext/WSRC-RP-94-00218-PT123REV1.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Energy, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 82 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - CDIAC: Providing Global-Change Data and Information AN - 20244109; 7323023 AB - The Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) at the U.S. Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory has been providing global- change data and information to a diverse community of researchers, educators, policymakers, corporate officials, and the general public since 1982. Among other activities, CDIAC is responsible for quality-assuring, documenting, and distributing data from the ocean carbon survey, a key factor in enhancing our understanding of the global carbon cycle. And CDIAC hosts the Project NOPP Drifters web site, to engage the education community (at all levels) in ocean research. CDIAC also provides a wide variety of data and information products for non-oceanic aspects of global change (e.g., emissions and atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, biosphere-atmosphere carbon fluxes, long- term climate trends, effects of atmospheric CO_{2} on vegetation, carbon and land-use change). UR: http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov JF - [np]. 24-28 Jan 2000. AU - Cushman, R M AU - Kozyr, A AU - Hoffman, F M Y1 - 2000/01// PY - 2000 DA - January 2000 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington, DC 20009 USA KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - OS12B-09 KW - 0315 Biosphere/atmosphere interactions KW - 0322 Constituent sources and sinks KW - 3309 Climatology (1620) KW - 4512 Currents KW - 4806 Carbon cycling KW - Resource management KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Climatic changes KW - Carbon cycle KW - Vegetation KW - Climatic trends KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Land use KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Climate and vegetation KW - USA KW - Energy flow KW - Education KW - Oceans KW - Emissions KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08501:General KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20244109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Cushman%2C+R+M%3BKozyr%2C+A%3BHoffman%2C+F+M&rft.aulast=Cushman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=CDIAC%3A+Providing+Global-Change+Data+and+Information&rft.title=CDIAC%3A+Providing+Global-Change+Data+and+Information&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstracts available. N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular characterization and diversity of thermophilic iron-reducing enrichment cultures from deep subsurface environments AN - 18253225; 5309203 AB - Aims: The objectives of this work were to explore the diversity in Fe (III)-reducing enrichment cultures from the deep subsurface and to identify strains involved in metal reduction. Methods and Results: Analyses of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) of enrichments, supplemented with hydrogen, acetate or pyruvate as an electron donor, identified three dominant operational taxonomic units (OTUs). All cultures exhibited considerable diversity (36-24 OTUs), even after being transferred at least nine times. Two OTUs were present in all three cultures, constituting about 65% of the total clones examined. Conclusions: Dominant OTUs appeared to be most closely related to Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus or T. kivui. One OTU, which is potentially responsible for autotrophic Fe (III) reduction, was only about 95% similar to T. ethanolicus and may represent a new species. Significance and Impact of the Study: An unexpectedly high diversity was found in these enrichments and this diversity may be a feature that can be exploited. JF - Journal of Applied Microbiology AU - Zhou, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, POB 2008, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/01// PY - 2000 DA - Jan 2000 SP - 96 EP - 105 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 90 IS - 1 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Reduction KW - Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus KW - Heavy metals KW - Thermophilic bacteria KW - Thermoanaerobacter kivui KW - Iron KW - A 01118:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18253225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Molecular+characterization+and+diversity+of+thermophilic+iron-reducing+enrichment+cultures+from+deep+subsurface+environments&rft.au=Zhou%2C+J&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=96&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus; Thermoanaerobacter kivui; Iron; Thermophilic bacteria; Heavy metals; Reduction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrogen cycling in a forest stream determined by a super(15)N tracer addition AN - 18024692; 4778274 AB - Nitrogen uptake and cycling was examined using a six-week tracer addition of super(15)N-labeled ammonium in early spring in Walker Branch, a first-order deciduous forest stream in eastern Tennessee. Prior to the super(15)N addition, standing stocks of N were determined for the major biomass compartments. During and after the addition, super(15)N was measured in water and in dominant biomass compartments upstream and at several locations downstream. Residence time of ammonium in stream water (5-6 min) and ammonium uptake lengths (23-27 m) were short and relatively constant during the addition. Uptake rates of NH sub(4) were more variable, ranging from 22 to 37 mu g N times m super(--2) times min super(--1) and varying directly with changes in streamwater ammonium concentration (2.7-6.7 mu g/L). The highest rates of ammonium uptake per unit area were by the liverwort Porella pinnata, decomposing leaves, and fine benthic organic matter (FBOM), although epilithon had the highest N uptake per unit biomass N. Nitrification rates and nitrate uptake lengths and rates were determined by fitting a nitrification/nitrate uptake model to the longitudinal profiles of super(15)N-NO sub(3) flux. Nitrification was an important sink for ammonium in stream water, accounting for 19% of the total ammonium uptake rate. Nitrate production via coupled regeneration/nitrification of organic N was about one-half as large as nitrification of streamwater ammonium. Nitrate uptake lengths were longer and more variable than those for ammonium, ranging from 101 m to infinity. Nitrate uptake rate varied from 0 to 29 mu g times m super(--2) times min super(--1) and was similar to 1.6 times greater than assimilatory ammonium uptake rate early in the tracer addition. A sixfold decline in instream gross primary production rate resulting from a sharp decline in light level with leaf emergence had little effect on ammonium uptake rate but reduced nitrate uptake rate by nearly 70%. At the end of the addition, 64-79% of added super(15)N was accounted for, either in biomass within the 125-m stream reach (33-48%) or as export of super(15)N-NH sub(4) (4%), super(15)N-NO sub(3) (23%), and fine particulate organic matter (4%) from the reach. Much of the super(15)N not accounted for was probably lost downstream as transport of particulate organic N during a storm midway through the experiment or as dissolved organic N produced within the reach. JF - Ecological Monographs AU - Mulholland, P J AU - Tank, J L AU - Sanzone, D M AU - Wollheim, WM AU - Peterson, B J AU - Webster, J R AU - Meyer, J L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 USA Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 471 EP - 493 VL - 70 IS - 3 SN - 0012-9615, 0012-9615 KW - USA, Tennessee KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Biodegradation KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Radioisotopes KW - Forests KW - Nitrogen cycle KW - Tracer techniques KW - Freshwater KW - Streams KW - Ammonium compounds KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18024692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Monographs&rft.atitle=Nitrogen+cycling+in+a+forest+stream+determined+by+a+super%2815%29N+tracer+addition&rft.au=Mulholland%2C+P+J%3BTank%2C+J+L%3BSanzone%2C+D+M%3BWollheim%2C+WM%3BPeterson%2C+B+J%3BWebster%2C+J+R%3BMeyer%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Mulholland&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=471&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Monographs&rft.issn=00129615&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biodegradation; Bioaccumulation; Biogeochemical cycle; Nitrogen cycle; Tracer techniques; Ammonium compounds; Radioisotopes; Forests; Streams; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physicochemical and Mineralogical Characterization of Uranium-Contaminated Soils AN - 17750894; 4805430 AB - Physicochemical and mineralogical properties of the contaminants should be taken into account to decide a remediation strategy for a given radionuclide because development and optimization of soil remedial technologies are based on physicochemical and mineralogical separation techniques. The objectives of this study are to (1) demonstrate how a priori physicochemical and mineralogical characterization of soil contaminants can direct the development of remediation strategies and their performance evaluation for soil treatments and (2) understand the nature of uranium contamination and its association with the soil matrix by chemical extractions. This study examined two U-contaminated sites (K311 and K1300) at the DOE K-25 site, presently located at East Tennessee Technology Park, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Uranium concentrations of the soils ranged from 1499 to 216,413 Bq kg super(-1) at both sites. Scanning electron microscopy with backscattered electron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the dominant U phases are U oxides (schoepite), U-Ca-silicate (uranophane) and U silicate (coffinite) from the K311 site soils, whereas U-Ca-oxide and U-Ca-phosphate dominate in the K1300 site soils. Sodium carbonate/bicarbonate leaching was effective on the K1300 site soils, whereas citric acid leaching is effective on the K311 site soils. Sequential leaching showed that the majority of the uranium in the contaminated soils was contained in carbonate minerals (45%)and iron oxides (40%). Conventional leaching showed that citric acid treatment was most effective on the K311 site soils, whereas the sodium carbonate/bicarbonate treatment was most effective on the K1300 site soils. JF - Soil & Sediment Contamination AU - Roh, Y AU - Lee AU - Choi, S-K AU - Elless, M P AU - Lee, SY AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, rohy@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 463 EP - 486 VL - 9 IS - 5 SN - 1532-0383, 1532-0383 KW - citric acid KW - sodium carbonate KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Soil remediation KW - Leaching KW - Radioactive decontamination KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Uranium KW - Minerals KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17750894?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.atitle=Physicochemical+and+Mineralogical+Characterization+of+Uranium-Contaminated+Soils&rft.au=Roh%2C+Y%3BLee%3BChoi%2C+S-K%3BElless%2C+M+P%3BLee%2C+SY&rft.aulast=Roh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.issn=15320383&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil remediation; Physicochemical properties; Uranium; Leaching; Minerals; Radioactive decontamination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electro-enhanced remediation of radionuclide-contaminated groundwater using zero-valent iron AN - 17721194; 4789800 AB - The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate electrochemically-enhanced immobilization of radionuclides in contaminated groundwater using Fe super(0). A bench-scale flow-through Fe super(0) reactor column with direct current was tested to increase the efficiency and effective life of the Fe super(0) medium by (i) providing an external supply of electrons, (ii) controlling the rate of iron oxidation, and (iii) enhancing the rate of radionuclide immobilization. The removal mechanism appears to be reductive coprecipitation of radionuclides by iron oxidation by creating a reducing environment in the reactive iron barrier. Several factors influence the removal of radionuclides from groundwater using this reactor column including electrode configuration, applied voltage, distance between cathode and anode, and radionuclide concentration. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering AU - Roh, Y AU - Lee, SY AU - Elless, M P AU - Cho, K-S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, rohy@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000///0, PY - 2000 DA - 0, 2000 SP - 1043 EP - 1059 VL - A35 IS - 7 SN - 1093-4529, 1093-4529 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Iron Compounds KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Redox Reactions KW - Remediation KW - Radioisotopes KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Electrochemistry KW - Iron KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17721194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Toxic%2FHazardous+Substances+%26+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Electro-enhanced+remediation+of+radionuclide-contaminated+groundwater+using+zero-valent+iron&rft.au=Roh%2C+Y%3BLee%2C+SY%3BElless%2C+M+P%3BCho%2C+K-S&rft.aulast=Roh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=A35&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1043&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Toxic%2FHazardous+Substances+%26+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=10934529&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Remediation; Radioisotopes; Groundwater pollution; Electrochemistry; Iron; Iron Compounds; Performance Evaluation; Water Pollution Treatment; Redox Reactions; Groundwater Pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electro-enhanced remediation of trichloroethene-contaminated groundwater using zero-valent iron AN - 17718732; 4789801 AB - The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate electro-enhanced dechlorination of trichloroethene (TCE) in groundwater using Fe super(0). A bench-scale flow-through Fe super(0) reactor column with direct current was tested to increase the efficiency of Fe super(0) medium by providing an external supply of electrons. The bench-scale column tests confirmed that the application of direct current with Fe super(0) was highly effective in enhancing the rate of TCE dechlorination. The t sub(1/2) for the TCE dechlorination without current was 10.3 hours and the t sub(1/2) for the TCE dechlorination with current was about 1 hour. The dechlorination mechanism appears to be reductive dechlorination, with the electrons supplied by the iron oxidation and external direct current power supply serving as the source of the electrons. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering AU - Roh, Y AU - Lee, SY AU - Elless, M P AU - Moon, H-S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, rohy@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000///0, PY - 2000 DA - 0, 2000 SP - 1061 EP - 1076 VL - A35 IS - 7 SN - 1093-4529, 1093-4529 KW - trichloroethene KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Experimental Data KW - Dechlorination KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Iron Compounds KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Redox Reactions KW - Oxidation KW - Remediation KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Electrochemistry KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17718732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Toxic%2FHazardous+Substances+%26+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Electro-enhanced+remediation+of+trichloroethene-contaminated+groundwater+using+zero-valent+iron&rft.au=Roh%2C+Y%3BLee%2C+SY%3BElless%2C+M+P%3BMoon%2C+H-S&rft.aulast=Roh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=A35&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1061&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Toxic%2FHazardous+Substances+%26+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=10934529&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dechlorination; Remediation; Oxidation; Groundwater pollution; Electrochemistry; Iron Compounds; Experimental Data; Performance Evaluation; Water Pollution Treatment; Redox Reactions; Groundwater Pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field application of palladized iron for the dechlorination of trichloroethene AN - 17647531; 4792493 AB - Palladized iron (Pd/Fe) has been tested under field conditions for the dechlorination of trichloroethene (TCE) in groundwater. Contaminated water was pumped from aquifers in Ohio ( similar to 0.7- 1.5 mg/l TCE) and Missouri (2-9 mg/l TCE and 1,2-dichloroethene) and passed through columns of Pd/Fe. The experiments demonstrated that the dechlorination reaction occurs efficiently until the surface of the Pd/Fe becomes fouled. Regeneration of the surface with dilute (1M) hydrochloric acid is easily accomplished under laboratory conditions, but initially was unsuccessful in the field. Further experiments indicated, that reduced sulfur species, although not naturally present in the groundwater being treated, were permanently poisoning the palladium. Apparently, sulfur-reducing bacteria utilize the hydrogen produced by the Pd/Fe process and reduce the sulfate that is present. An anion exchange column was used to remove sulfate ( similar to 20 mg/l) from groundwater at the Kansas City Plant in order to test this theory. Under these conditions, a column of Pd/Fe was repetitively regenerated for a 4-week period. A second column, not protected by sulfate removal, could not be regenerated. The results demonstrated that Pd/Fe could be used in a long-term field process if a material with more resistance to Fe and Pd losses is developed. JF - Waste Management AU - Korte, N E AU - Zutman, J L AU - Schlosser, R M AU - Liang, L AU - Gu, B AU - Fernando, Q AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Grand Junction Office, 2597 B 3/4 Road, Grand Junction, CO 81503, USA, kortene@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 687 EP - 694 VL - 20 IS - 8 SN - 0956-053X, 0956-053X KW - USA, Missouri KW - USA, Ohio KW - trichloroethene KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Dechlorination KW - Anions KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Ion exchange KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17647531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Management&rft.atitle=Field+application+of+palladized+iron+for+the+dechlorination+of+trichloroethene&rft.au=Korte%2C+N+E%3BZutman%2C+J+L%3BSchlosser%2C+R+M%3BLiang%2C+L%3BGu%2C+B%3BFernando%2C+Q&rft.aulast=Korte&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=687&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Management&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0956-053X%2800%2900037-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Groundwater pollution; Aquifers; Dechlorination; Anions; Ion exchange DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0956-053X(00)00037-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of high biomass concentrations on alkane solubilities AN - 17643967; 4703626 AB - Alkane solubilities were measured experimentally for high-density biomass. The resulting Henry's law constants for propane were found to decrease significantly for both dense yeast suspensions and an actual propane-degrading biofilm consortium. At the biomass densities of a typical biofilm, propane solubility was about an order of magnitude greater than that in pure water. For example, a dense biofilm had a propane Henry's law constant of 0.09 plus or minus 0.04 atm m super(3) mol super(-1) compared to 0.6 plus or minus 0.1 atm m super(3) mol super(-1) measured in pure water. The results were modeled with mixing rules and compared with octanol-water mixtures. Hydrogels (agar) and salts decreased the alkane solubility. By considering a theoretical solubility of propane in dry biomass, estimates were made of intrinsic Henry's law constants for propane in pure yeast and biomass, which were 13 plus or minus 2 and 5 plus or minus 2 atm kg biomass mol super(-1) for yeast and biofilm consortium, respectively. JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Davison, B H AU - Barton, J W AU - Klasson, K T AU - Francisco, AB AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6226, USA, davisonbh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 279 EP - 284 VL - 68 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - alkanes KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Solubility KW - Biofilms KW - Biomass KW - W2 32530:Biofilms KW - W2 32580:Fermentation and process engineering KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17643967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Influence+of+high+biomass+concentrations+on+alkane+solubilities&rft.au=Davison%2C+B+H%3BBarton%2C+J+W%3BKlasson%2C+K+T%3BFrancisco%2C+AB&rft.aulast=Davison&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F%28SICI%291097-0290%2820000505%2968%3A33.0.CO%3B2-P LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biomass; Solubility; Biofilms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(20000505)68:3<279::AID-BIT6>3.0.CO;2-P ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cadmium sorption and toxicity in autotrophic biofilms AN - 17603004; 4725325 AB - Autotrophic biofilms (periphyton) accumulate substantial quantities of metals from contaminated water. In this study, the time course of biofilm cadmium sorption was measured, the effects of current, biomass, and light on short-term cadmium sorption by biofilms were examined, and the toxicity of cadmium to biofilm photosynthesis was tested. The time course of cadmium sorption appeared to be a linear function of time over the 48-h measurement period. Biofilms in current greater than or equal to 2 cm times s super(-1) sorbed three to five times more cadmium than biofilms in still water. Cadmium sorbed after 4 h was 75% greater in high-biomass biofilm (2.5 mg dry mass times cm super(-2)) than in low-biomass biofilm (0.5 mg dry mass times cm super(-2)), but only in moving water. Light enhanced the sorption of cadmium 40% in one biofilm type. Cadmium toxicity to photosynthesis was evident after 24 h in thin biofilms exposed to initial cadmium concentrations greater than or equal to 10 mu g times L super(-1); photosynthesis by thicker biofilms was not significantly impaired even at the highest concentration (100 mu g times L super(-1)). Variations in current, biofilm biomass, and light are likely to influence the movement of metals in flowing systems. JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences AU - Hill, W R AU - Bednarek, A T AU - Larsen, IL AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036 USA, hillwr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 530 EP - 537 VL - 57 IS - 3 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Lyngbya KW - Navicula KW - Sorption KW - Photosynthesis KW - Toxicity KW - Freshwater KW - Achnanthes KW - Stream flow KW - Light effects KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Cadmium KW - Synedra KW - Biofilms KW - Cymbella KW - Algae KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17603004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.atitle=Cadmium+sorption+and+toxicity+in+autotrophic+biofilms&rft.au=Hill%2C+W+R%3BBednarek%2C+A+T%3BLarsen%2C+IL&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2Fcjfas-57-3-530 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sorption; Photosynthesis; Cadmium; Toxicity; Biofilms; Light effects; Stream flow; Navicula; Lyngbya; Synedra; Cymbella; Achnanthes; Algae; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-57-3-530 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct effect of elevated CO sub(2) on nocturnal in situ leaf respiration in nine temperate deciduous tree species is small AN - 17585873; 4689629 AB - Direct (i.e., short-term) effects of elevated CO sub(2) on nocturnal in situ leaf respiration rate were measured in nine deciduous tree species (seven genera) in 20 3.5-4.0-h experiments. During the experiments, CO sub(2) concentration was alternated between 400 and 800 ppm (approximately 40 and 80 Pa of CO sub(2)). Data analysis accounted for effects on respiration rate of the normal decline in temperature with time after sunset. The median response to a 40-Pa increase in CO sub(2) was a 1.5% decrease in respiration rate, with responses ranging from a 5.6% inhibition to a 0.4% stimulation. Direct effects of elevated CO sub(2) on respiration were similar among the species. Thus, the response of nocturnal leaf respiration rate to a short-term CO sub(2) increase was small, and of little practical importance to the accuracy of measurements of respiration involving similar changes in CO sub(2) concentration during measurement. These direct respiratory responses of leaves to elevated CO sub(2) would translate into only slight, if any, effects on the carbon balance of temperate deciduous forests in a future atmosphere containing as much as 80 Pa CO sub(2). JF - Tree Physiology AU - Amthor, J S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Mail Stop 6422, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA Y1 - 2000/01// PY - 2000 DA - Jan 2000 SP - 139 EP - 144 VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Trees KW - Respiration KW - Physiology KW - Carbon dioxide KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17585873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=Direct+effect+of+elevated+CO+sub%282%29+on+nocturnal+in+situ+leaf+respiration+in+nine+temperate+deciduous+tree+species+is+small&rft.au=Amthor%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Amthor&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon dioxide; Trees; Physiology; Respiration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological principles and guidelines for managing the use of land AN - 17551214; 4737082 AB - The many ways that people have used and managed land throughout history has emerged as a primary cause of land-cover change around the world. Thus, land use and land management increasingly represent a fundamental source of change in the global environment. Despite their global importance, however, many decisions about the management and use of land are made with scant attention to ecological impacts. Thus, ecologists' knowledge of the functioning of Earth's ecosystems is needed to broaden the scientific basis of decisions on land use and management. In response to this need, the Ecological Society of America established a committee to examine the ways that land-use decisions are made and the ways that ecologists could help inform those decisions. This paper reports the scientific findings of that committee. Five principles of ecological science have particular implications for land use and can assure that fundamental processes of Earth's ecosystems are sustained. These ecological principles deal with time, species, place, disturbance, and the landscape. The recognition that ecological processes occur within a temporal setting and change over time is fundamental to analyzing the effects of land use. In addition, individual species and networks of interacting species have strong and far-reaching effects on ecological processes. Furthermore, each site or region has a unique set of organisms and abiotic conditions influencing and constraining ecological processes. Disturbances are important and ubiquitous ecological events whose effects may strongly influence population, community, and ecosystem dynamics. Finally, the size, shape, and spatial relationships of habitat patches on the landscape affect the structure and function of ecosystems. The responses of the land to changes in use and management by people depend on expressions of these fundamental principles in nature. These principles dictate several guidelines for land use. The guidelines give practical rules of thumb for incorporating ecological principles into land-use decision making. These guidelines suggest that land managers should: (1) examine impacts of local decisions in a regional context, (2) plan for long-term change and unexpected events, (3) preserve rare landscape elements and associated species, (4) avoid land uses that deplete natural resources, (5) retain large contiguous or connected areas that contain critical habitats, (6) minimize the introduction and spread of nonnative species, (7) avoid or compensate for the effects of development on ecological processes, and (8) implement land-use and management practices that are compatible with the natural potential of the area. Decision makers and citizens are encouraged to consider these guidelines and to include ecological perspectives in choices on how land is used and managed. The guidelines suggest actions required to develop the science needed by land managers. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Dale, V H AU - Brown, S AU - Haeuber, R A AU - Hobbs, N T AU - Huntly, N AU - Naiman, R J AU - Riebsame, W E AU - Turner, M G AU - Valone, T J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 639 EP - 670 VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Disturbance KW - Introduced species KW - Land use KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17551214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Ecological+principles+and+guidelines+for+managing+the+use+of+land&rft.au=Dale%2C+V+H%3BBrown%2C+S%3BHaeuber%2C+R+A%3BHobbs%2C+N+T%3BHuntly%2C+N%3BNaiman%2C+R+J%3BRiebsame%2C+W+E%3BTurner%2C+M+G%3BValone%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Land use; Introduced species; Disturbance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acclimation of photosynthesis and respiration to simulated climatic warming in northern and southern populations of Acer saccharum: Laboratory and field evidence AN - 17494393; 4689625 AB - Physiological acclimation and genotypic adaptation to prevailing temperatures may influence forest responses to future climatic warming. We examined photosynthetic and respiratory responses of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) from two portions of the species' range for evidence of both phenomena in a laboratory study with seedlings. A field study was also conducted to assess the impacts of temperature acclimation on saplings subjected to an imposed temperature manipulation (4 degree C above ambient temperature). The two seedling populations exhibited more evidence of physiological acclimation to warming than of ecotypic adaptation, although respiration was less sensitive to short-term warming in the southern population than in the northern population. In both seedling populations, thermal compensation increased photosynthesis by 14% and decreased respiration by 10% in the warm-acclimated groups. Saplings growing in open-top field chambers at ambient temperature and 4 degree C above ambient temperature showed evidence of temperature acclimation, but photosynthesis did not increase in response to the 4 degree C warming. On the contrary, photosynthetic rates measured at the prevailing chamber temperature throughout three growing seasons were similar, or lower (12% lower on average) in saplings maintained at 4 degree C above ambient temperature compared with saplings maintained at ambient temperature. However, the long-term photosynthetic temperature optimum for saplings in the field experiment was higher than it was for seedlings in either the 27 or the 31 degree C growth chamber. Respiratory acclimation was also evident in the saplings in the field chambers. Saplings had similar rates of respiration in both temperature treatments, and respiration showed little dependence on prevailing temperature during the growing season. We conclude that photosynthesis and respiration in sugar maple have the potential for physiological acclimation to temperature, but exhibit a low degree of genetic adaptation. Some of the potential for acclimation to a 4 degree C increase above a background of naturally fluctuating temperatures may be offset by differences in water relations, and, in the long term, may be obscured by the inherent variability in rates under field conditions. Nevertheless, physiologically based models should incorporate seasonal acclimation to temperature and permit ecotypic differences to influence model outcomes for those species with high genetic differentiation between regions. JF - Tree Physiology AU - Gunderson, CA AU - Norby, R J AU - Wullschleger, S D AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008 MS-6422, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA Y1 - 2000/01// PY - 2000 DA - Jan 2000 SP - 87 EP - 96 VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - Acer saccharum KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Photosynthesis KW - Respiration KW - Climatic changes KW - Global warming KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17494393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=Acclimation+of+photosynthesis+and+respiration+to+simulated+climatic+warming+in+northern+and+southern+populations+of+Acer+saccharum%3A+Laboratory+and+field+evidence&rft.au=Gunderson%2C+CA%3BNorby%2C+R+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Gunderson&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Photosynthesis; Respiration; Global warming; Climatic changes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volatilization of cobalt, technetium, and uranium isotopes from soils through salt amendment and calcination AN - 17481559; 4680765 AB - The effects of alkali and alkaline earth metal chloride salts on the decontamination (through volatilization) of radionuclides from clay soils in a calcination process were examined. Calcium chloride was found to decontaminate super(60)Co-containing soils to a maximum extent of about 65% of super(60)Co present before treatment by calcination for 8 h at 1000 degree C with the addition of about 4 milliequivalents (meq) of chloride per gram of soil. Repeated calcination treatments raised the level of decontamination to 80%, but not beyond. Technetium could be removed from clay soils slightly more effectively using a similar salting and calcination process. No decontamination of strontium or uranium soils was found using this process under reducing or oxidizing conditions. The data presented indicate areas in which the presence of chlorides may result in problems in the thermal treatment of soils or similar matrices; however, no viable decontamination process was achieved. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Shor, J T AU - Dial, C AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge. TN 37831-6180, USA, shorjt@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/01// PY - 2000 DA - Jan 2000 SP - 35 EP - 48 VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - calcination KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Soil remediation KW - Pollutant removal KW - Technetium KW - Cobalt KW - Uranium KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17481559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Volatilization+of+cobalt%2C+technetium%2C+and+uranium+isotopes+from+soils+through+salt+amendment+and+calcination&rft.au=Shor%2C+J+T%3BDial%2C+C&rft.aulast=Shor&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0265-931X%2899%2900051-X LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Uranium; Technetium; Cobalt; Soil remediation; Pollutant removal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0265-931X(99)00051-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stream Dispersal of Dead Fish and Survey Effectiveness in a Simulated Fish Kill AN - 17480942; 4681645 AB - The dispersal and recovery effectiveness of tagged dead fish were determined in a simulated stream fish kill. Two experiments were conducted under different flow regimes within a 2.3-km section of headwater stream. The first experiment used 120 tagged dead fish that were released at three locations when the mean daily flow was 153 L/s. In six surveys conducted over 2 d, we found that a majority of fish (58%) were dispersed less than 35 m. Fish that were dispersed more than 35 m traveled quickly and traversed significant distances (up to 605 m). A unique distribution pattern was noted at each site, ranging from very limited to widespread dispersal for most fish. The second experiment used 216 tagged fish that were released at the same locations when the mean daily flow was 771 L/s. In six surveys conducted over 2 d, we found that 70% of the fish were dispersed more than 35 m. As in the first experiment, a range of dispersal patterns was found. In both experiments, surveys of tagged fish were effective, with 33 to 85% of fish found in each survey on the first day and with 81 to 93% of the released fish seen at some point during the experiments. However, daily surveys for dead fish may underestimate actual mortality, in part because there is substantial removal by scavengers. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Ryon, M G AU - Beauchamp, J J AU - Roy, W K AU - Schilling, E AU - Carrico, BA AU - Hinzman, R L AD - Biological Monitoring and Abatement Program, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA, mgr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2000/01// PY - 2000 DA - Jan 2000 SP - 89 EP - 100 VL - 129 IS - 1 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Pisces KW - Biological surveys KW - Mortality KW - Fish kill KW - Surveys KW - Dispersal KW - Tagging KW - Freshwater KW - Streams KW - Methodology KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17480942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Stream+Dispersal+of+Dead+Fish+and+Survey+Effectiveness+in+a+Simulated+Fish+Kill&rft.au=Ryon%2C+M+G%3BBeauchamp%2C+J+J%3BRoy%2C+W+K%3BSchilling%2C+E%3BCarrico%2C+BA%3BHinzman%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Ryon&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Fish kill; Tagging; Mortality; Surveys; Dispersal; Streams; Methodology; Pisces; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential Atmospheric Transport Pathways for Mercury Measured in the Canadian High Arctic AN - 16139556; 5376454 AB - Large-scale transport pathways for atmospheric gaseous mercury emitted from surrounding source regions to reach the Alert sampling site located at the Northwest Territories of Canada between August 1992 and August 1993 were investigated. The 12-month atmospheric mercury data set comprises blank-corrected total gaseous mercury (TGM) concentrations collected on gold-coated sand traps during one-week long sampling intervals. For TGM concentrations above the 12-month mean TGM level, the analysis reveals regions in Eastern Europe (close to East Germany and Poland), areas on Northeastern America in Canada (Northwest Territories), and central Siberia of the former U.S.S.R. Identification of the physical locations of the emission sources was limited by the temporal resolution of weekly averaged data; however, major atmospheric pathways of mercury transport to the Arctic were successfully resolved. The objective of this note is to demonstrate that the potential source contribution function could be applied to resolve the sources and recover transport pathways of atmospheric mercury over a large scale. JF - Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry AU - Cheng, Meng-Dawn AU - Schroeder, W H AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA Y1 - 2000/01// PY - 2000 DA - Jan 2000 SP - 101 EP - 107 VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0167-7764, 0167-7764 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Mercury in the atmosphere KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Polar environments KW - PN, Arctic KW - Russia, Siberia KW - Atmospheric transport KW - Poland KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Emissions KW - Canada, Northwest Terr., Alert KW - Mercury KW - Germany KW - Canada, Nunavut, Queen Elizabeth Is., Ellesmere I., Alert KW - Dispersion KW - Mercury transport KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16139556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Atmospheric+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Potential+Atmospheric+Transport+Pathways+for+Mercury+Measured+in+the+Canadian+High+Arctic&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Meng-Dawn%3BSchroeder%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Meng-Dawn&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Atmospheric+Chemistry&rft.issn=01677764&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mercury in the atmosphere; Atmospheric transport; Atmospheric pollution; Atmospheric chemistry; Mercury transport; Emissions; Mercury; Polar environments; Dispersion; PN, Arctic; Russia, Siberia; Poland; Canada, Northwest Terr., Alert; Germany; Canada, Nunavut, Queen Elizabeth Is., Ellesmere I., Alert ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional diffraction tomography using GPR AN - 1477830248; 2014-002589 AB - Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a proven method of imaging the near subsurface. Most GPR interpretations rely on raw data records or records that have utilized standard seismic data processing packages. We have developed a method that will provide three-dimensional (3-D) images of the subsurface using geophysical diffraction tomography. The method described produces images of the subsurface for transmitting and receiving antennas on the surface at a fixed offset. The algorithm provides easily interpreted images and requires little specialized processing knowledge. These factors make it more useful than raw records and more usable than sophisticated migration techniques. This method was tested using computer generated models and two field studies. The studies demonstrated the ability of diffraction tomography to image both conducting and nonconducting objects at known locations and the ease of use of the algorithm. Diffraction tomography for GPR data proved useful for generating accurate 3-D images of the subsurface. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Jorgensen, Clark AU - Speece, Marvin AU - Witten, Alan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 1247 EP - 1250 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 70 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - tomography KW - imagery KW - three-dimensional models KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - radar methods KW - equations KW - wave fields KW - diffraction KW - Fourier analysis KW - algorithms KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477830248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+diffraction+tomography+using+GPR&rft.au=Jorgensen%2C+Clark%3BSpeece%2C+Marvin%3BWitten%2C+Alan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jorgensen&rft.aufirst=Clark&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1815620 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 70th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; data processing; diffraction; equations; Fourier analysis; geophysical methods; ground-penetrating radar; imagery; radar methods; three-dimensional models; tomography; wave fields DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1815620 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging permafrost with shallow P- and S-wave reflection AN - 1477830054; 2014-002612 AB - Shallow reflection events observed on coincident P- and S-wave data from within the permafrost zone possess sufficient coherency and resolution potential to compensate conventional 2- or 3-D data sets for structural artifacts related to lateral travel time variability. Reflections with dominant frequencies above 100 Hz on P-wave data and 40 Hz on S-wave data from within the permafrost have a very broad range of wavelet characteristics, which change vertically and laterally across the 1 km profiles. S-wave reflections appear much more continuous across the section when contrasted with the P-wave reflections. With the exception of the Iperk/MacKenzie reflection P-wave wavelet characteristics change quite dramatically across the almost 1 km long shot gathers. Coincident interpretation of the P- and S-wave reflection data can address a variety of both engineering and petroleum exploration imaging problems. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Miller, R D AU - Hunter, J A AU - Doll, W E AU - Carr, B J AU - Burns, R A AU - Good, R L AU - Laflen, D R AU - Douma, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 1339 EP - 1342 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 70 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - permafrost KW - geophysical surveys KW - geophysical methods KW - reflection methods KW - elastic waves KW - Northwest Territories KW - variations KW - seismic methods KW - shallow depth KW - Canada KW - wavelets KW - traveltime KW - surveys KW - Western Canada KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477830054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Imaging+permafrost+with+shallow+P-+and+S-wave+reflection&rft.au=Miller%2C+R+D%3BHunter%2C+J+A%3BDoll%2C+W+E%3BCarr%2C+B+J%3BBurns%2C+R+A%3BGood%2C+R+L%3BLaflen%2C+D+R%3BDouma%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1815645 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 70th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; Canada; elastic waves; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Northwest Territories; P-waves; permafrost; reflection methods; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; shallow depth; surveys; traveltime; variations; wavelets; Western Canada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1815645 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Short-lived oxygen diffusion during hot, deep-seated meteoric alteration of anorthosite AN - 52403618; 2000-011947 JF - Science AU - Mora, Claudia I AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Cole, David R Y1 - 1999/12// PY - 1999 DA - December 1999 SP - 2323 EP - 2325 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 286 IS - 5448 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - meteoric water KW - concentration KW - alteration KW - diffusion KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - O-18/O-16 KW - metasomatism KW - stable isotopes KW - anorthosite KW - temperature KW - plutonic rocks KW - mineral composition KW - water-rock interaction KW - infiltration KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - mineral assemblages KW - geochemistry KW - permeability KW - P-T conditions KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52403618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Short-lived+oxygen+diffusion+during+hot%2C+deep-seated+meteoric+alteration+of+anorthosite&rft.au=Mora%2C+Claudia+I%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BCole%2C+David+R&rft.aulast=Mora&rft.aufirst=Claudia&rft.date=1999-12-01&rft.volume=286&rft.issue=5448&rft.spage=2323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; anorthosite; concentration; diffusion; geochemistry; hydrothermal alteration; igneous rocks; infiltration; isotopes; metasomatism; meteoric water; mineral assemblages; mineral composition; O-18/O-16; oxygen; P-T conditions; permeability; plutonic rocks; stable isotopes; temperature; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dry melting of high albite AN - 52379006; 2000-026597 AB - The properties of albitic melts are central to thermodynamic models for synthetic and natural granitic liquids. We have analyzed published phase-equilibrium and thermodynamic data for the dry fusion of high albite to develop a more accurate equation for the Gibbs free energy of this reaction to 30 kbar and 1400 degrees C. Strict criteria for reaction reversal were used to evaluate the phase-equilibrium data, and the thermodynamic properties of solid and liquid albite were evaluated using the published uncertainties in the original measurements. Results suggest that neither available phase-equilibrium experiments nor thermodynamic data tightly constrain the location of the reaction. Experimental solidus temperatures at 1 atm range from 1100 to 1120 degrees C. High-pressure experiments were not reversed completely and may have been affected by several sources of error, but the apparent inconsistencies among the results of the various experimentalists are eliminated when only half-reversal data are considered. Uncertainties in thermodynamic data yield large variations in permissible reaction slopes. Disparities between experimental and calculated melting curves are, therefore, largely attributable to these difficulties, and there is no fundamental disagreement between the available phase-equilibrium and thermodynamic data for the dry melting of albite. Consequently, complex speciation models for albitic melts, based on the assumption that these discrepancies represent a real characteristic of the system, are unjustified at this time. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Blencoe, James G Y1 - 1999/12// PY - 1999 DA - December 1999 SP - 1830 EP - 1842 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 11-12 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - plagioclase KW - igneous rocks KW - entropy KW - granites KW - mineral-water interface KW - free energy KW - albite KW - temperature KW - plutonic rocks KW - melting KW - enthalpy KW - phase equilibria KW - framework silicates KW - feldspar group KW - high temperature KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52379006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Dry+melting+of+high+albite&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BBlencoe%2C+James+G&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=1999-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=1830&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 73 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - albite; enthalpy; entropy; feldspar group; framework silicates; free energy; granites; high temperature; igneous rocks; melting; mineral-water interface; phase equilibria; plagioclase; plutonic rocks; silicates; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coskrenite-(Ce), (Ce,Nd,La) (sub 2) (SO (sub 4) ) (sub 2) (C (sub 2) O (sub 4) ).8H (sub 2) O, a new rare-earth oxalate mineral from Alum Cave Bluff, Tennessee; characterization and crystal structure AN - 52339442; 2000-050462 JF - The Canadian Mineralogist AU - Peacor, Donald R AU - Rouse, Ronald C AU - Essene, Eric J AU - Lauf, Robert J Y1 - 1999/12// PY - 1999 DA - December 1999 SP - 1453 EP - 1462 PB - Mineralogical Association of Canada, Ottawa, ON VL - 37, Part 6 SN - 0008-4476, 0008-4476 KW - United States KW - refinement KW - coskrenite KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - crystal structure KW - oxalates KW - bonding KW - Alum Cave Bluff KW - Great Smoky Mountains KW - atomic packing KW - metals KW - mineral data KW - Tennessee KW - rare earths KW - crystal chemistry KW - new minerals KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52339442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Coskrenite-%28Ce%29%2C+%28Ce%2CNd%2CLa%29+%28sub+2%29+%28SO+%28sub+4%29+%29+%28sub+2%29+%28C+%28sub+2%29+O+%28sub+4%29+%29.8H+%28sub+2%29+O%2C+a+new+rare-earth+oxalate+mineral+from+Alum+Cave+Bluff%2C+Tennessee%3B+characterization+and+crystal+structure&rft.au=Peacor%2C+Donald+R%3BRouse%2C+Ronald+C%3BEssene%2C+Eric+J%3BLauf%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Peacor&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=1999-12-01&rft.volume=37%2C+Part+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.issn=00084476&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mineralogicalassociation.ca/template/EJournal/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 211 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAMIA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alum Cave Bluff; atomic packing; bonding; coskrenite; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; Great Smoky Mountains; metals; mineral data; new minerals; oxalates; rare earths; refinement; Tennessee; United States; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental assessment; San Bernardino National Wildlife Refuge; well 10 AN - 52281587; 2001-001054 AB - The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) currently holds a license issued by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) for a radioactive well logging source that has been lost in an artesian well (no. 10) in the San Bernardino National Wildlife Refuge, Arizona, since 1986. Following attempted sealing of the source in the well, USGS performed sampling and analysis of groundwater discharging from Well 10. Uncertainties related to the condition of the stainless steel source container, the effectiveness of the cement plug installed, and concerns about the potential for future contamination resulted in the decision to prepare an environmental assessment (EA). This EA addresses the potential water quality, ecological, and human health impacts of three alternatives for final disposition of the Am-Be source: (1) the proposed action, abandonment in place; (2) Am-Be source retrieval; and (3) the no-action alternative. The key findings for each of the three alternatives are summarized. JF - ORNL-TM (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) AU - Ensminger, J T AU - Easterly, C E AU - Ketelle, R H AU - Quarles, H AU - Wade, M C Y1 - 1999/12// PY - 1999 DA - December 1999 SP - 78 PB - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN SN - 0149-5526, 0149-5526 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - alkaline earth metals KW - monitoring KW - medical geology KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - national parks KW - public lands KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - San Bernardino National Wildlife Refuge KW - Arizona KW - americium KW - risk assessment KW - actinides KW - beryllium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52281587?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ensminger%2C+J+T%3BEasterly%2C+C+E%3BKetelle%2C+R+H%3BQuarles%2C+H%3BWade%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Ensminger&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Environmental+assessment%3B+San+Bernardino+National+Wildlife+Refuge%3B+well+10&rft.title=Environmental+assessment%3B+San+Bernardino+National+Wildlife+Refuge%3B+well+10&rft.issn=01495526&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number NUREG/CR-6648NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - TN N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ORTMDZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkaline earth metals; americium; aquifers; Arizona; beryllium; environmental analysis; ground water; medical geology; metals; monitoring; national parks; observation wells; pollutants; pollution; public lands; remediation; risk assessment; San Bernardino National Wildlife Refuge; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subsurface biological activity zone detection using genetic search algorithms AN - 52214916; 2001-050056 JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Mahinthakumar, G AU - Gwo, J P AU - Moline, Gerilynn R AU - Webb, Oren F Y1 - 1999/12// PY - 1999 DA - December 1999 SP - 1103 EP - 1112 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental Engineering Division, New York, NY VL - 125 IS - 12 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - oxygen KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - decontamination KW - algorithms KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - methane KW - numerical models KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - alkanes KW - bioremediation KW - biota KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - dissolved materials KW - hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52214916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Subsurface+biological+activity+zone+detection+using+genetic+search+algorithms&rft.au=Mahinthakumar%2C+G%3BGwo%2C+J+P%3BMoline%2C+Gerilynn+R%3BWebb%2C+Oren+F&rft.aulast=Mahinthakumar&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1999-12-01&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JOEEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; biodegradation; bioremediation; biota; decontamination; detection; dissolved materials; experimental studies; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; methane; microorganisms; numerical models; optimization; organic compounds; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; remediation; simulation; soil treatment; soils; stochastic processes; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of Simulated Forest Responses to Biosolids Applications AN - 17590601; 4691510 AB - Organic matter and N are added to humus pools of the LINKAGES simulator of forest growth and N cycling at a range of application rates to investigate long-term effects of biosolids (sewage sludge) on forest productivity. Two conifer plantations (Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii], loblolly pine [Pinus taeda L.]) and a northern hardwood forest located in contrasting climatic regions are investigated. Single applications of biosolids are given at 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 Mg/ha, and multiple applications are given on seven occasions at 3-yr intervals at rates of 5 and 10 Mg/ha. Highly significant increases in aboveground phytomass and net primary productivity of Douglas-fir plantations are obtained in a 100-yr simulation with increasing biosolids application rates. Results for loblolly pine from a 50-yr simulation produced about half the growth response of Douglas-fir. Long-term simulations of northern hardwoods showed modest growth responses and small increases in NPP with added biosolids. The phytomass of one overstory and three understory species in the hardwood forest changed in response to different biosolids applications and varying species sensitivity to N supply. Biosolids are a significant resource for enhancing forest productivity, particularly in conifer plantations. Estimates of N leaching losses from simulated forest sites combined with a literature review of leaching losses suggest that biosolids applications at 3-yr intervals with rates less than 8.5 Mg/ha (0.4 Mg N/ha) during active forest growth may pose little offsite contamination risk to ground water or surface waters. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Luxmoore, R J AU - Tharp, M L AU - Efroymson, R A AD - Environmental Sciences Div., Oak Ridge National Lab., Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, rjl@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/12// PY - 1999 DA - Dec 1999 SP - 1996 EP - 2007 VL - 28 IS - 6 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Pinus taeda KW - Pseudotsuga menziesii KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Sewage sludge KW - Organic matter KW - Simulation KW - Forests KW - Land application KW - Primary production KW - Growth KW - Humus KW - Nitrogen KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17590601?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Simulated+Forest+Responses+to+Biosolids+Applications&rft.au=Luxmoore%2C+R+J%3BTharp%2C+M+L%3BEfroymson%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Luxmoore&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1999-12-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1996&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forests; Simulation; Organic matter; Nitrogen; Humus; Growth; Sewage sludge; Primary production; Historical account; Land application ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Sources, Fate, and Toxicity of Chemical Warfare Agent Degradation Products AN - 17506990; 4696358 AB - We include in this review an assessment of the formation, environmental fate, and mammalian and ecotoxicity of CW agent degradation products relevant to environmental and occupational health. These parent CW agents include several vesicants: sulfur mustards [undistilled sulfur mustard (H), sulfur mustard (HD), and an HD/agent T mixture (HT)]; nitrogen mustards [ethylbis(2-chloroethyl)amine (HN1), methylbis(2-chloroethyl)amine (HN2), tris(2-chloroethyl)amine (HN3)], and Lewisite; four nerve agents {O-ethyl S-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl] methylphosphonothioate (VX), tabun (GA), sarin (GB), and soman (GD)}; and the blood agent cyanogen chloride. The degradation processes considered here include hydrolysis, microbial degradation, oxidation, and photolysis. We also briefly address decontamination but not combustion processes. Because CW agents are generally not considered very persistent, certain degradation products of significant persistence, even those that are not particularly toxic, may indicate previous CW agent presence or that degradation has occurred. Of those products for which there are data on both environmental fate and toxicity, only a few are both environmentally persistent and highly toxic. Major degradation products estimated to be of significant persistence (weeks to years) include thiodiglycol for HD; Lewisite oxide for Lewisite; and ethyl methyl phosphonic acid, methyl phosphonic acid, and possibly S-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl) methylphosphonothioic acid (EA 2192) for VX. Methyl phosphonic acid is also the ultimate hydrolysis product of both GB and GD. The GB product, isopropyl methylphosphonic acid, and a closely related contaminant of GB, diisopropyl methylphosphonate, are also persistent. Of all of these compounds, only Lewisite oxide and EA 2192 possess high mammalian toxicity. Unlike other CW agents, sulfur mustard agents (e.g., HD) are somewhat persistent; therefore, sites or conditions involving potential HD contamination should include an evaluation of both the agent and thiodiglycol. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Munro, N B AU - Talmage, S S AU - Griffin, G D AU - Waters, L C AU - Watson AU - King, J F AU - Hauschild, V AD - 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA, syt@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/12// PY - 1999 DA - Dec 1999 SP - 933 EP - 974 VL - 107 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - nitrogen mustard KW - 2,2'-Thiodiethanol KW - degradation products KW - mechlorethamine KW - mustard gas KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Chemical warfare agents KW - Occupational exposure KW - Photolysis KW - Environmental impact KW - Toxicity KW - Hydrolysis KW - Chemical weapons KW - Reviews KW - Oxidation KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - H 14000:Toxicology KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17506990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Sources%2C+Fate%2C+and+Toxicity+of+Chemical+Warfare+Agent+Degradation+Products&rft.au=Munro%2C+N+B%3BTalmage%2C+S+S%3BGriffin%2C+G+D%3BWaters%2C+L+C%3BWatson%3BKing%2C+J+F%3BHauschild%2C+V&rft.aulast=Munro&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1999-12-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=933&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Toxicity; Oxidation; Chemical weapons; Reviews; Environmental impact; Occupational exposure; Chemical warfare agents; Hydrolysis; Photolysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron reduction by psychrotrophic enrichment cultures AN - 17473616; 4670294 AB - Psychrotrophic ( <20 degree C) enrichment cultures from deep Pacific marine sediments and Alaskan tundra permafrost reduced ferric iron when using organic acids or H sub(2) as electron donors. The representative culture W3-7 from the Pacific sediments grew fastest at 10 degree C, which was 5-fold faster than at 25 degree C and more than 40-fold faster than at 4 degree C. Fe(III) reduction was also the fastest at 10 degree C, which was 2-fold faster than at 25 degree C and 12-fold faster than at 4 degree C. Overall, about 80% of the enrichment cultures exhibited microbial Fe(III) reduction under psychrotrophic conditions. These results indicated that microbial iron reduction is likely widespread in cold natural environments and may play important roles in cycling of iron and organic matter over geological times. JF - FEMS Microbiology Ecology AU - Zhang, Chuanlun AU - Stapleton, R D AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Palumbo, A V AU - Phelps, T J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/12// PY - 1999 DA - Dec 1999 SP - 367 EP - 371 VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0168-6496, 0168-6496 KW - Pacific Ocean KW - USA, Alaska KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Reduction KW - Organic matter KW - Tundra KW - Media (enrichment) KW - Psychrotrophic bacteria KW - Cell culture KW - Marine ecosystems KW - Iron KW - A 01056:Mineral microbiology KW - D 04620:Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17473616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Ecology&rft.atitle=Iron+reduction+by+psychrotrophic+enrichment+cultures&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Chuanlun%3BStapleton%2C+R+D%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong%3BPalumbo%2C+A+V%3BPhelps%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Chuanlun&rft.date=1999-12-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Ecology&rft.issn=01686496&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0168-6496%2899%2900075-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Psychrotrophic bacteria; Tundra; Iron; Marine ecosystems; Media (enrichment); Cell culture; Reduction; Organic matter DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-6496(99)00075-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Real-Time Surface Analysis of Individual Airborne Environmental Particles AN - 17589586; 4669981 AB - Typically, in real-time aerosol mass spectrometry (RTAMS), individual airborne particles are ablated and ionized with a single focused laser pulse. This technique yields information that permits bulk characterization of the particle, but information about the particle's surface is often masked or diluted by the particle bulk. Here we show that it is possible to probe the surface composition of individual airborne particles by separating the desorption and ionization steps using a two-laser real-time aerosol mass spectrometry technique (L2RTAMS). First, a weak excimer laser pulse was used to desorb the semivolatile components of the particle surface when the particle was in the center of the ion trap. After a short delay, another excimer laser pulse was used to ionize the semivolatile surface components in the gas phase and subsequently mass analyzed. The results from the one- and two-laser techniques were compared and found to be complementary. The L2RTAMS technique was found very sensitive to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs, of the type emitted from diesel engines, were found on particle surfaces of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standard reference materials (SRMs) from Indiana Harbor Canal (1645) and urban particulate matter (1648). PAH partitioning on the environmental particles is discussed. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Lazar, A C AU - Reilly, PTA AU - Whitten, W B AU - Ramsey, J M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, M/S 6142, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6142, USA, ReillyPT@ORNL.GOV Y1 - 1999/11/15/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Nov 15 SP - 3993 EP - 4001 VL - 33 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Aerosols KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Particulates KW - Air sampling KW - Lasers KW - Diesel engines KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17589586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Real-Time+Surface+Analysis+of+Individual+Airborne+Environmental+Particles&rft.au=Lazar%2C+A+C%3BReilly%2C+PTA%3BWhitten%2C+W+B%3BRamsey%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Lazar&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1999-11-15&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=3993&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes9905849 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lasers; Particulates; Aerosols; Mass spectrometry; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Diesel engines; Air sampling DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es9905849 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pressure effect on hydrogen isotope fractionation between brucite and water at elevated temperatures AN - 52139892; 2002-017174 JF - Science AU - Horita, Juske AU - Driesner, Thomas AU - Cole, David R Y1 - 1999/11// PY - 1999 DA - November 1999 SP - 1545 EP - 1547 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 286 IS - 5444 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - water KW - isotope fractionation KW - pressure KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - brucite KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - oxides KW - deuterium KW - geochemistry KW - P-T conditions KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52139892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Pressure+effect+on+hydrogen+isotope+fractionation+between+brucite+and+water+at+elevated+temperatures&rft.au=Horita%2C+Juske%3BDriesner%2C+Thomas%3BCole%2C+David+R&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=Juske&rft.date=1999-11-01&rft.volume=286&rft.issue=5444&rft.spage=1545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brucite; D/H; deuterium; geochemistry; hydrogen; hydrothermal conditions; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; oxides; P-T conditions; pressure; stable isotopes; temperature; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Documenting late Proterozoic rifting in the Ocoee Basin, western Blue Ridge, North Carolina AN - 52136610; 2002-016436 AB - Detailed geologic mapping the western Blue Ridge of Western North Carolina indicates that the Snowbird Group-Great Smoky Group contact is the premetamorphic Greenbrier fault. Redefinition of this contact confines the entire Snowbird Group to the footwall of the Greenbrier fault. Reinterpretation of this boundary demands an alternative explanation for large thickness changes of Snowbird strata. (from more than 1,000 m to less than 200 m) in the Cataloochee Divide area previously explained by telescoping along the Greenbrier fault. A northeast-trending, northwest-dipping normal fault active during the accumulation of the Longarm Quartzite also explains these changes, and agrees well with the tectonic setting of the Ocoee Supergroup along the extending Late Proterozoic rifted margin of Laurentia. This fault limited the eastward extent of the Ocoee basin, and probably hindered west-to-east sediment dispersal along the rifted margin of Laurentia. JF - Southeastern Geology AU - Montes, Camilo AU - Hatcher, Robert D, Jr Y1 - 1999/11// PY - 1999 DA - November 1999 SP - 37 EP - 50 PB - Duke University, Department of Geology, Durham, NC VL - 39 IS - 1 SN - 0038-3678, 0038-3678 KW - United States KW - Ocoee Basin KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Laurentia KW - Great Smoky Group KW - upper Precambrian KW - Snowbird Group KW - metamorphic belts KW - Appalachians KW - synsedimentary processes KW - rifting KW - extension tectonics KW - Blue Ridge Mountains KW - normal faults KW - metamorphic rocks KW - tectonics KW - Longarm Quartzite KW - faults KW - Neoproterozoic KW - Greenbrief Fault KW - North America KW - Precambrian KW - Ocoee Supergroup KW - Proterozoic KW - mylonites KW - plate tectonics KW - Caldwell Fork Fault KW - North Carolina KW - Haywood County North Carolina KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52136610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southeastern+Geology&rft.atitle=Documenting+late+Proterozoic+rifting+in+the+Ocoee+Basin%2C+western+Blue+Ridge%2C+North+Carolina&rft.au=Montes%2C+Camilo%3BHatcher%2C+Robert+D%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Montes&rft.aufirst=Camilo&rft.date=1999-11-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Southeastern+Geology&rft.issn=00383678&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - NC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SOGEAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachians; Blue Ridge Mountains; Caldwell Fork Fault; extension tectonics; faults; Great Smoky Group; Greenbrief Fault; Haywood County North Carolina; Laurentia; lithostratigraphy; Longarm Quartzite; metamorphic belts; metamorphic rocks; mylonites; Neoproterozoic; normal faults; North America; North Carolina; Ocoee Basin; Ocoee Supergroup; plate tectonics; Precambrian; Proterozoic; rifting; Snowbird Group; synsedimentary processes; tectonics; United States; upper Precambrian ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forest Health in North America: Some Perspectives on Actual and Potential Roles of Climate and Air Pollution AN - 17385178; 4613850 AB - The perceived health of forest ecosystems over large temporal and spatial scales can be strongly influenced by the frames of reference chosen to evaluate both forest condition and the functional integrity of sustaining forest processes. North American forests are diverse in range, species composition, past disturbance history, and current management practices. Therefore the implications of changes in environmental stress from atmospheric pollution and/or global climate change on health of these forests will vary widely across the landscape. Forest health surveys that focus on the average forest condition may do a credible job of representing the near-term trends in economic value while failing to detect fundamental changes in the processes by which these values are sustained over the longer term. Indications of increased levels of environmental stress on forest growth and nutrient cycles are currently apparent in several forest types in North America. Measurements of forest ecophysiological responses to air pollutants in integrated case studies with four forest types (southern pine, western pine, high elevation red spruce, and northeastern hardwoods) indicate that ambient levels of ozone and/or acidic deposition can alter basic processes of water, carbon, and nutrient allocation by forest trees. These changes then provide a mechanistic basis for pollutant stress to enhance a wider range of natural stresses that also affect and are affected by these resources. Future climatic changes may ameliorate (+ CO sub(2)) or axacerbate (+ temperature, + UV-B) these effects. Current projections of forest responses to global climate change do not consider important physiological changes induced by air pollutants that may amplify climatic stresses. These include reduced rooting mass, depth, and function, increased respiration, and reduced water use efficiency. Monitoring and understanding the relative roles of natural and anthropogenic stress in influencing future forest health will require programs that are structured to evaluate responses at appropriate frequencies across gradients in both forest resources and the stresses that influence them. Such programs must also be accompanied by supplemental process -oriented and pattern -oriented investigations that more thoroughly test cause and effect relationships among stresses and responses of both forests and the biogeochemical cycles that sustain them. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - McLaughlin, S AU - Percy, K AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS 6422, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA Y1 - 1999/11// PY - 1999 DA - Nov 1999 SP - 151 EP - 197 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 116 IS - 1-2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - North America KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Trees KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Terrestrial environments KW - Physiology KW - Climatic changes KW - Sustainable development KW - Stress KW - Pollution effects KW - Forests KW - Air pollution KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17385178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Forest+Health+in+North+America%3A+Some+Perspectives+on+Actual+and+Potential+Roles+of+Climate+and+Air+Pollution&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+S%3BPercy%2C+K&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-11-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1005215112743 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forests; Climatic changes; Air pollution; Pollution effects; Terrestrial environments; Stress; Physiology; Sustainable development; Biogeochemistry; Trees DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005215112743 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global Change in Local Places: How Scale Matters AN - 17375444; 4599933 AB - Relationships between local and global scales deserve more attention than they have received in the global change research enterprise to date. This paper examines how and why scale matters, drawing on six basic arguments; examines the current state of the top-down global change research paradigm to evaluate the fit across relevant scale domains between global structure and local agency; and reviews current research efforts to better link the local and global scales of attention and action. JF - Climatic Change AU - Wilbanks, T J AU - Kates, R W AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6184, U.S.A. Y1 - 1999/11// PY - 1999 DA - Nov 1999 SP - 601 EP - 628 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Research Priorities KW - Structure KW - Reviews KW - Climatic changes KW - Ecosystem management KW - Brackish KW - Regional planning KW - Freshwater KW - Scaling KW - Restoration KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17375444?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Global+Change+in+Local+Places%3A+How+Scale+Matters&rft.au=Wilbanks%2C+T+J%3BKates%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Wilbanks&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1999-11-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=601&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1005418924748 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climatic changes; Ecosystem management; Regional planning; Restoration; Research Priorities; Reviews; Structure; Scaling; Freshwater; Brackish; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005418924748 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The burgeoning power of the shrinking laboratory AN - 17345650; 4633203 AB - The interest in microfabricated fluidic (lab-on-a-chip) devices for performing chemical and biochemical assays appears to be in an exponential phase of growth. A handful of researchers began investigating the possibilities of using microfabrication tools to build miniature devices that perform conventional "benchtop" chemical and biochemical experiments in the late 1980s. Now there are several dozen laboratories across the world involved in such investigations. In this issue, Quake and colleagues report on a new achievement in miniaturization - a disposable microfabricated fluorescence-activated cell sorter that can function independently, or as a component of a microanalytical chip. JF - Nature Biotechnology AU - Ramsey, J M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6142, USA, ramseyjm@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/11// PY - 1999 DA - Nov 1999 SP - 1061 EP - 1062 VL - 17 IS - 11 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - Escherichia coli KW - fluorescence-actived cell sorter KW - microanalytical chips KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Fluorescence KW - Reviews KW - W3 33000:General topics and reviews KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33250:Methods: Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17345650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=The+burgeoning+power+of+the+shrinking+laboratory&rft.au=Ramsey%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Ramsey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-11-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1061&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2F15044 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews; Fluorescence DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/15044 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radioimmunotherapy using vascular targeted 213Bi: the role of tumor necrosis factor alpha in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. AN - 69219982; 10541358 AB - A monoclonal antibody (201B) specific to murine thrombomodulin, covalently linked to cyclohexyl diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, successfully delivers chelated 213Bi, an alpha-particle emitter, (213Bi-201B) rapidly to lung vascular endothelium. When injected at doses of 1 MBq/mouse, 213Bi-201B destroyed most of the 100 colonies of EMT-6 mammary carcinomas growing as lung tumors of up to 2000 cells/colony. Some mice were cured of lung tumors, and others had extended life spans compared to untreated control animals but eventually succumbed to tumor recurrence. At injected doses of 4-6 MBq/mouse, 100% of lung tumor colonies were eliminated; however, 3-4 months later, these mice developed pulmonary fibrosis and died. The mechanisms leading to the fibrotic response in other pulmonary irradiation models strongly implicate tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), released from damaged tissues, as the pivotal inflammatory cytokine in a cascade of events that culminate in fibrosis. Attempts to prevent the development of pulmonary fibrosis, by using antibodies or soluble receptor (rhuTNFR:Fc) as inhibitors of TNF-alpha, were unsuccessful. Additionally, mice genetically deficient for TNF-alpha production developed pulmonary fibrosis following 213Bi-201B treatment. Interestingly, non-tumor-bearing BALB/c mice receiving rhuTNFR:Fc or mice genetically deficient in TNF-alpha production and treated with 213Bi-201B, had significantly reduced life spans compared to mice receiving no treatment or 213Bi-201B alone. We speculate that in normal mice, although TNF-alpha may induce an inflammatory response following alpha-particle radiation mediated tumor clearance and pulmonary damage, its effects in the post-tumor clearance time period may actually retard the development of fibrosis. JF - Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research AU - Davis, I A AU - Kennel, S J AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-6101, USA. Y1 - 1999/10// PY - 1999 DA - October 1999 SP - 3160s EP - 3164s VL - 5 IS - 10 Suppl SN - 1078-0432, 1078-0432 KW - Thrombomodulin KW - 0 KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Bismuth KW - U015TT5I8H KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Female KW - Mice, Knockout KW - Lung Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Bismuth -- therapeutic use KW - Pulmonary Fibrosis -- etiology KW - Radioimmunotherapy -- adverse effects KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- physiology KW - Thrombomodulin -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69219982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+cancer+research+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Radioimmunotherapy+using+vascular+targeted+213Bi%3A+the+role+of+tumor+necrosis+factor+alpha+in+the+development+of+pulmonary+fibrosis.&rft.au=Davis%2C+I+A%3BKennel%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1999-10-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=10+Suppl&rft.spage=3160s&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+cancer+research+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.issn=10780432&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-11-24 N1 - Date created - 1999-11-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calcium adsorption at the rutile-water interface; a potentiometric study in NaCl media to 250 degrees C AN - 52413869; 2000-003101 AB - The results are presented of the potentiometric measurement of Ca adsorption by rutile from 25-250 degrees C at ionic strengths (0.03 and 0.30 M) in NaCl, using two complementary methods. Relative to Na, Ca enhances net negative proton charge development, the extent increasing with T. Increasing the background NaCl concentration decreases Ca adsorption. Proton stoichiometries are relatively constant between this T range, suggesting that the processes involved in Ca adsorption do not change with T. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Palmer, Donald A A2 - Stipp, Susan L. S. A2 - Brady, Patrick V. A2 - Ragnarsdottir, K. Vala A2 - Charlet, Laurent Y1 - 1999/10// PY - 1999 DA - October 1999 SP - 3087 EP - 3096 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 63 IS - 19-20 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - calcium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - titration KW - mineral-water interface KW - adsorption KW - protons KW - salt water KW - ions KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - rutile KW - oxides KW - stoichiometry KW - potentiometry KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52413869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Calcium+adsorption+at+the+rutile-water+interface%3B+a+potentiometric+study+in+NaCl+media+to+250+degrees+C&rft.au=Ridley%2C+Moira+K%3BMachesky%2C+Michael+L%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft.date=1999-10-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=19-20&rft.spage=3087&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2899%2900236-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkaline earth metals; calcium; chemical reactions; experimental studies; geochemistry; ions; laboratory studies; metals; mineral-water interface; oxides; pH; potentiometry; protons; rutile; salt water; sodium chloride; stoichiometry; titration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00236-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pyrolusite surface transformations measured in real-time during the reactive transport of Co(II)EDTA (super 2-) AN - 52412587; 2000-003097 AB - A novel experimental approach is described, combining a hydrodynamic reaction cell with XR adsorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (XANES) to measure changes in Mn species upon exposure of beta -MnO (sub 2) to Co(II) EDTA (super 2-) . Solution species are measured concurrently with the solid phase. This approach allows the measurement of aqueous and solid species of Co and Mn with surface sensitivity in real time, under hydrodynamic conditions. Of the results, it is shown that the enhanced transport of (super 60) Co by oxidative processes may be lessened by continual exposure to pyrolusite. Mn(III) is formed rather than Mn(II) and alpha -Mn (sub 2) O (sub 3) is formed. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Fendorf, Scott AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Patterson, Ronald R AU - Taylor, David L AU - Brooks, Scott C A2 - Stipp, Susan L. S. A2 - Brady, Patrick V. A2 - Ragnarsdottir, K. Vala A2 - Charlet, Laurent Y1 - 1999/10// PY - 1999 DA - October 1999 SP - 3049 EP - 3057 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 63 IS - 19-20 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - iron oxides KW - cobalt KW - pyrolusite KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - XANES spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - EDTA KW - manganese oxides KW - carboxylic acids KW - oxides KW - hydrodynamics KW - spectra KW - synthesis KW - geochemistry KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - X-ray spectra KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - transformations KW - SEM data KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52412587?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Pyrolusite+surface+transformations+measured+in+real-time+during+the+reactive+transport+of+Co%28II%29EDTA+%28super+2-%29&rft.au=Fendorf%2C+Scott%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BPatterson%2C+Ronald+R%3BTaylor%2C+David+L%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C&rft.aulast=Fendorf&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=1999-10-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=19-20&rft.spage=3049&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2899%2900232-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carboxylic acids; chemical reactions; cobalt; EDTA; experimental studies; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; hydrodynamics; iron oxides; laboratory studies; manganese oxides; metals; organic acids; organic compounds; oxides; pollution; pyrolusite; radioactive waste; SEM data; spectra; synthesis; toxic materials; transformations; transport; waste disposal; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00232-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing data from multiple disciplines, scales, and sites to support synthesis and modeling AN - 52372870; 2000-029729 JF - Remote Sensing of Environment AU - Olson, R J AU - Briggs, J M AU - Porter, J H AU - Mah, G R AU - Stafford, S G Y1 - 1999/10// PY - 1999 DA - October 1999 SP - 99 EP - 107 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 70 IS - 1 SN - 0034-4257, 0034-4257 KW - scale factor KW - Big Foot Project KW - global KW - data processing KW - World Wide Web KW - time scales KW - Long-Term Ecological Research KW - geographic information systems KW - multiple disciplines KW - data bases KW - information systems KW - ecology KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52372870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remote+Sensing+of+Environment&rft.atitle=Managing+data+from+multiple+disciplines%2C+scales%2C+and+sites+to+support+synthesis+and+modeling&rft.au=Olson%2C+R+J%3BBriggs%2C+J+M%3BPorter%2C+J+H%3BMah%2C+G+R%3BStafford%2C+S+G&rft.aulast=Olson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1999-10-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remote+Sensing+of+Environment&rft.issn=00344257&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00344257 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RSEEA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Big Foot Project; data bases; data processing; ecology; geographic information systems; global; information systems; Long-Term Ecological Research; multiple disciplines; scale factor; time scales; World Wide Web ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forest nutrient and carbon pools at Walker Branch Watershed; changes during a 21-year period AN - 52366337; 2000-032898 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Trettin, C C AU - Johnson, D W AU - Todd, D E, Jr Y1 - 1999/10// PY - 1999 DA - October 1999 SP - 1436 EP - 1448 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 63 IS - 5 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - slopes KW - Ultisols KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - temperature KW - nitrogen KW - sedimentary rocks KW - time factor KW - carbon KW - Walker Branch watershed KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - ion exchange KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - forests KW - Paleudults KW - dolines KW - alkaline earth metals KW - pedogenesis KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - soil profiles KW - colluvium KW - clastic sediments KW - roots KW - phosphorus KW - geochemical cycle KW - nutrients KW - saprolite KW - fertilization KW - factors KW - metals KW - chert KW - soil surveys KW - parent materials KW - surveys KW - carbon cycle KW - clastic rocks KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52366337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Forest+nutrient+and+carbon+pools+at+Walker+Branch+Watershed%3B+changes+during+a+21-year+period&rft.au=Trettin%2C+C+C%3BJohnson%2C+D+W%3BTodd%2C+D+E%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Trettin&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1999-10-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1436&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; Anderson County Tennessee; calcium; carbon; carbon cycle; chemically precipitated rocks; chert; clastic rocks; clastic sediments; colluvium; dolines; ecosystems; factors; fertilization; forests; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; ion exchange; magnesium; metals; nitrogen; nutrients; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Paleudults; parent materials; pedogenesis; phosphorus; roots; saprolite; sedimentary rocks; sediments; slopes; soil profiles; soil surveys; soils; surveys; temperature; Tennessee; time factor; Ultisols; United States; vegetation; Walker Branch watershed ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular characterization of radiation- and chemically induced mutations associated with neuromuscular tremors, runting, juvenile lethality, and sperm defects in jdf2 mice. AN - 69957242; 10441737 AB - The juvenile development and fertility-2 (jdf2) locus, also called runty-jerky-sterile (rjs), was originally identified through complementation studies of radiation-induced p-locus mutations. Studies with a series of ethylnitrosourea (ENU)-induced jdf2 alleles later indicated that the pleiotropic effects of these mutations were probably caused by disruption of a single gene. Recent work has demonstrated that the jdf2 phenotype is associated with deletions and point mutations in Herc2, a gene encoding an exceptionally large guanine nucleotide exchange factor protein thought to play a role in vesicular trafficking. Here we describe the molecular characterization of a collection of radiation- and chemically induced jdf2/Herc2 alleles. Ten of the 13 radiation-induced jdf2 alleles we studied are deletions that remove specific portions of the Herc2 coding sequence; DNA rearrangements were also detected in two additional mutations. Our studies also revealed that Herc2 transcripts are rearranged, not expressed, or are present in significantly altered quantities in animals carrying most of the jdf2 mutations we analyzed, including six independent ENU-induced alleles. These data provide new molecular clues regarding the wide range of jdf2 and p phenotypes that are expressed by this collection of recently generated and classical p-region mutations. JF - Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society AU - Walkowicz, M AU - Ji, Y AU - Ren, X AU - Horsthemke, B AU - Russell, L B AU - Johnson, D AU - Rinchik, E M AU - Nicholls, R D AU - Stubbs, L AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-8077, USA. Y1 - 1999/09// PY - 1999 DA - September 1999 SP - 870 EP - 878 VL - 10 IS - 9 SN - 0938-8990, 0938-8990 KW - DNA Primers KW - 0 KW - DNA, Complementary KW - Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors KW - Herc2 protein, mouse KW - Mutagens KW - GTP-Binding Proteins KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - Ethylnitrosourea KW - P8M1T4190R KW - Index Medicus KW - Muridae KW - Animals KW - DNA, Complementary -- genetics KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - DNA Primers -- genetics KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Gene Rearrangement KW - Neuromuscular Diseases -- genetics KW - Mice KW - GTP-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Phenotype KW - Mice, Mutant Strains KW - Alleles KW - Base Sequence KW - Growth Disorders -- genetics KW - Ethylnitrosourea -- toxicity KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Infertility, Male -- genetics KW - Genes, Lethal KW - Spermatozoa -- abnormalities KW - Male KW - Female KW - Sequence Deletion KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69957242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mammalian+genome+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Mammalian+Genome+Society&rft.atitle=Molecular+characterization+of+radiation-+and+chemically+induced+mutations+associated+with+neuromuscular+tremors%2C+runting%2C+juvenile+lethality%2C+and+sperm+defects+in+jdf2+mice.&rft.au=Walkowicz%2C+M%3BJi%2C+Y%3BRen%2C+X%3BHorsthemke%2C+B%3BRussell%2C+L+B%3BJohnson%2C+D%3BRinchik%2C+E+M%3BNicholls%2C+R+D%3BStubbs%2C+L&rft.aulast=Walkowicz&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=870&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mammalian+genome+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Mammalian+Genome+Society&rft.issn=09388990&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-09-23 N1 - Date created - 1999-09-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - AF071173; GENBANK; AF071172 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Norton Air Force Base, San Bernardino, California; screening technologies for soil and groundwater remediation AN - 52388078; 2000-018934 JF - Soil & Groundwater AU - Regens, James L AU - Hodges, Donald G AU - Wilkey, Patrick L AU - Zimmerman, Eric AU - Armstrong, Anthony Q AU - Kelley, Linda AU - Hall, Timothy A AU - Hughes, Eugene A Y1 - 1999/09// PY - 1999 DA - September 1999 SP - 24 EP - 27 PB - Soils, Inc., Stanley, KS VL - 1999, August-September SN - 1086-1971, 1086-1971 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - techniques KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - California KW - perched aquifers KW - decontamination KW - Norton Air Force Base KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - pump-and-treat KW - San Bernardino County California KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - damage KW - soil treatment KW - petroleum products KW - aquifers KW - recharge KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52388078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Groundwater&rft.atitle=Norton+Air+Force+Base%2C+San+Bernardino%2C+California%3B+screening+technologies+for+soil+and+groundwater+remediation&rft.au=Regens%2C+James+L%3BHodges%2C+Donald+G%3BWilkey%2C+Patrick+L%3BZimmerman%2C+Eric%3BArmstrong%2C+Anthony+Q%3BKelley%2C+Linda%3BHall%2C+Timothy+A%3BHughes%2C+Eugene+A&rft.aulast=Regens&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=1999%2C+August-September&rft.issue=&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Groundwater&rft.issn=10861971&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - KS N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; California; chlorinated hydrocarbons; damage; decontamination; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; leaking underground storage tanks; military facilities; Norton Air Force Base; organic compounds; perched aquifers; petroleum products; pump-and-treat; recharge; remediation; San Bernardino County California; soil treatment; soils; techniques; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction uncertainty for tracer migration in random heterogeneities with multifractal character AN - 52044702; 2003-000656 JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Painter, S AU - Mahinthakumar, G Y1 - 1999/09// PY - 1999 DA - September 1999 SP - 49 EP - 57 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - elastic waves KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - models KW - spatial variations KW - traveltime KW - tracers KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - histograms KW - heterogeneity KW - fractals KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52044702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Prediction+uncertainty+for+tracer+migration+in+random+heterogeneities+with+multifractal+character&rft.au=Painter%2C+S%3BMahinthakumar%2C+G&rft.aulast=Painter&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - elastic waves; fractals; ground water; heterogeneity; histograms; hydraulic conductivity; models; Monte Carlo analysis; prediction; simulation; spatial variations; statistical analysis; tracers; traveltime ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DC resistivity monitoring of potassium permanganate injected to oxidize TCE in situ AN - 51990514; 2003-034636 AB - The U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science and Technology selected the X-701B Site at the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant, Piketon, Ohio, for a demonstration of in situ chemical oxidation. The goal was to oxidize trichloroethylene (TCE), present in both the soil and groundwater of the local Gallia aquifer, by circulating a solution of potassium permanganate (KMnO (sub 4) ) between two horizontal wells. Potassium permanganate is a salt. Laboratory measurements showed that the addition of 1.0% of potassium permanganate increased the fluid conductivity of a Portsmouth groundwater sample from 339 to 7,250 mS/m, or equivalently, decreased the electrical resistivity from 2.9 ohm-m to 0.14 ohm-m. Although the contaminated Gallia aquifer is only about 1.5 m thick at this site and is overlain by nearly 8 m of Minford clay, geophysical modeling showed that if the injection flooded a sufficient portion of the aquifer then the change in resistivity would be detectable from the surface using DC resistivity. Field measurements made using a multi-electrode resistivity system along two lines--one parallel and one perpendicular to the two horizontal wells--showed that the potassium permanganate injection was detectable as a subtle change in the resistivity data. The change in resistivity was only apparent after we subtracted the background resistivity. The resistivity data showed that the potassium permanganate did not migrate uniformly between the two horizontal wells. Instead, both the resistivity data, and a bromide tracer test conducted in the summer of 1992, showed a zone of preferential flow at the southern end of the wells. The agreement of the resistivity data with both the tracer test data, and with potassium permanganate levels measured in a network of monitoring wells, showed that it is feasible to use resistivity to monitor an electrolyte injected in situ to oxidize contaminants. This study provides an example of how geophysical methods can be used to reduce the number of groundwater wells needed to monitor site remediation. JF - Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics AU - Nyquist, Jonathan E AU - Carr, Bradley J AU - Davis, R Kim Y1 - 1999/09// PY - 1999 DA - September 1999 SP - 135 EP - 147 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Englewood, CO VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 1083-1363, 1083-1363 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Piketon Ohio KW - geophysical surveys KW - fluid dynamics KW - Gallia Aquifer KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - Pike County Ohio KW - direct-current methods KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Ohio KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - potassium permanganate KW - resistivity KW - Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant KW - measurement KW - organic compounds KW - surveys KW - trichloroethylene KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51990514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.atitle=DC+resistivity+monitoring+of+potassium+permanganate+injected+to+oxidize+TCE+in+situ&rft.au=Nyquist%2C+Jonathan+E%3BCarr%2C+Bradley+J%3BDavis%2C+R+Kim&rft.aulast=Nyquist&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.issn=10831363&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; direct-current methods; electrical methods; environmental analysis; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; Gallia Aquifer; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; laboratory studies; measurement; monitoring; Ohio; organic compounds; oxidation; Pike County Ohio; Piketon Ohio; pollutants; pollution; Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant; potassium permanganate; resistivity; soils; solute transport; surveys; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Processes influencing the emission of mercury from soils; a conceptual model AN - 50159428; 2002-006261 AB - In contrast to recent rapid growth in the field data on mercury flux over soils, our knowledge and understanding of the emission processes and controlling mechanisms still remains limited. Many processes could control emission of mercury from soils. The emission processes may involve both Hg(0) and Hg(II) pools, both homogeneous and heterogeneous distributions and reactions, and both dark and light processes. The physical and chemical controlling processes mainly involve (1) distribution of different mercury species among different soil phases, largely associated with adsorption and desorption of Hg(0) and Hg(II) species, and (2) mercury redox reactions in soils, some of which could be induced by sunlight, especially in the UV. The distribution (sorption versus desorption) of Hg(0) in soils could be the rate-limiting process in the case where Hg(0) is the dominant mercury pool, and the redox reactions could be rate-limiting in the case where Hg(II) is the major pool. Various hypothetical scenarios of Hg(0) and Hg(II) transformation in soils are discussed here. However, the specific processes that actually occur in soils under natural conditions are far from clear and need to be identified and quantified in future research. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Zhang, H AU - Lindberg, Steven E AU - Gustin, M Sexauer AU - Allan, Mary Ann Y1 - 1999/09// PY - 1999 DA - September 1999 SP - 21 EP - 21,896 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 104 IS - D17 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - soils KW - sorption KW - desorption KW - emissions KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - equations KW - adsorption KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - distribution KW - environmental effects KW - geochemical cycle KW - models KW - volatiles KW - transport KW - metals KW - solar radiation KW - air KW - seasonal variations KW - Eh KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50159428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Processes+influencing+the+emission+of+mercury+from+soils%3B+a+conceptual+model&rft.au=Zhang%2C+H%3BLindberg%2C+Steven+E%3BGustin%2C+M+Sexauer%3BAllan%2C+Mary+Ann&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=D17&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F1999JD900194 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 95 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; air; atmosphere; desorption; distribution; Eh; emissions; environmental analysis; environmental effects; equations; geochemical cycle; mercury; metals; models; pollutants; pollution; seasonal variations; soils; solar radiation; sorption; transport; vegetation; volatiles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999JD900194 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distributions of nuclear fuel-reprocessing tracers in the Arctic Ocean: Indications of Russian river influence AN - 17583789; 4684494 AB - Radionuclide sampling in 1986 and 1993 in the Canada Basin, and in 1993 in the Amundsen Basin and on the adjacent Laptev shelf, provides new insights into the origin, timing, pathways, and mechanisms for dispersal of non-fallout radioactive tracers in the Arctic Ocean. First, samples from the Beaufort Sea shelf, slope, and adjacent basin show a four-fold increase in super(129)I concentrations from 1986 to 1993. Second, anthropogenic non-fallout radionuclide concentrations in the Beaufort Sea increase with proximity to slope boundary currents. Third, there is evidence for riverine contributions of anthropogenic radionuclides to surface waters of the Amundsen Basin and the Laptev continental shelf. This evidence includes high surface water burdens of super(237)Np and super(129)I, with the maximum in anthropogenic super(129)I found in the least saline and most super(18)O-depleted waters, consistent with an origin in high-latitude runoff. Additionally, the super(237)Np/ super(129)I atom ratios in the Laptev Sea and Amundsen Basin in 1993 were significantly lower than observed elsewhere in the Arctic Ocean and can be reasonably explained by super(129)I added during transit of the Russian shelves. The super(240)Pu/ super(239)Pu ratios in the water column were mostly near 0.18, consistent both with stratospheric bomb fallout and with the discharged-weighted mean Sellafield ratio during 1966-1985. In the least saline water samples collected at the most shallow Laptev shelf station, however, the Pu ratios were lower, consistent with a non-European nuclear fuel reprocessing source. There are clear secondary maxima in super(237)Np and super(129)I near 1000 m in the Amundsen Basin, likely associated with the Barents Sea branch of Atlantic water. Finally, the super(129)I/salinity and super(129)I/ delta super(18)O relationships in the Amundsen and Canada Basins at mid-depths are indistinguishable, suggesting effective horizontal dispersion. JF - Journal of Marine Research AU - Cooper, L W AU - Beasley, T AU - Aagaard, K AU - Kelley, J M AU - Larsen, IL AU - Grebmeier, J M AD - Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6038, USA, jg9@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/09// PY - 1999 DA - Sep 1999 SP - 715 EP - 738 VL - 57 IS - 5 SN - 0022-2402, 0022-2402 KW - Arctic Ocean KW - Beaufort Sea KW - Russia KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Water Pollution KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Radioactive Tracers KW - Plutonium KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Water pollution KW - PN, Arctic KW - Tracers KW - Marine pollution KW - Oceans KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Pollutant persistence KW - Radioisotopes KW - Iodine KW - Nuclear energy KW - Neptunium KW - Arctic KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17583789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Marine+Research&rft.atitle=Distributions+of+nuclear+fuel-reprocessing+tracers+in+the+Arctic+Ocean%3A+Indications+of+Russian+river+influence&rft.au=Cooper%2C+L+W%3BBeasley%2C+T%3BAagaard%2C+K%3BKelley%2C+J+M%3BLarsen%2C+IL%3BGrebmeier%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=715&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Marine+Research&rft.issn=00222402&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution dispersion; Pollutant persistence; Radioactive wastes; Nuclear energy; Water pollution; Tracers; Plutonium; Marine pollution; Oceans; Nuclear fuels; Radioisotopes; Iodine; Neptunium; Radioactive Tracers; Radioactive Wastes; Water Pollution; Arctic; PN, Arctic ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sustained Bacterial Reduction of Co super(III)EDTA super(-) in the Presence of Competing Geochemical Oxidation during Dynamic Flow AN - 17580877; 4645040 AB - Radionuclides and metals can be mobilized by chelating agents typically present in low-level radioactive liquid wastes. [ super(60)Co]EDTA in the form super(60)Co super(III)EDTA super(-) represents a highly stable [log K sub(Co(III)EDTA) = 43.9] and mobile form of this radionuclide. By contrast, the reduced form of this metalligand complex, super(60)Co super(II)EDTA super(2-), is much less stable [log K sub(Co(II)EDTA) = 18.3] and less mobile. There is an increasing awareness that dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria (DMRB) can be used to mediate redox transformations of metals and radionuclides whose stability and mobility are governed by their oxidation state. We conducted a series of column experiments to provide an improved understanding of Co super(III)EDTA super(-) reduction by the facultative anaerobe Shewanella alga BrY (BrY). Experiments were conducted under growth conditions using lactate as a carbon and energy source. We were able to demonstrate the sustained reduction of Co super(III)EDTA super(-) in column flow experiments with the desired result that a less stable, less mobile product was formed. The amount of reduction varied directly with the fluid residence time in the columns. In the presence of a suitable mineral sorbent [Fe(OH) sub(3)], Co-EDTA transport was delayed as a direct consequence of the bacterial reduction reaction. Even in the presence of a strong mineral oxidant ( beta -MnO sub(2)) the net reduction of Co super(III)EDTA super(-) dominated the fate and transport of this species. The system was stable after flow interrupts, and metal-reducing activity could be revived after flushing the columns for 5 days with nutrient-free solution. Furthermore, we demonstrated that BrY could grow and carry out sustained reduction using geochemically derived Co super(III)EDTA super(-) as terminal electron acceptor. These results demonstrate that DMRB can be effective in the manipulation of redox-sensitive metals and radionuclides in a system characterized by the advective transport of solutes. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Brooks, S C AU - Carroll, S L AU - Jardine, P M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038, 3sb@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/09/01/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Sep 01 SP - 3002 EP - 3011 VL - 33 IS - 17 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - bacteria KW - Shewanella alga KW - ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollutant removal KW - Bacteria KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Heavy metals KW - Geochemistry KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Liquid wastes KW - Reduction KW - Cobalt KW - Oxidation KW - Radioisotopes KW - A 01105:Non-patents KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17580877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Sustained+Bacterial+Reduction+of+Co+super%28III%29EDTA+super%28-%29+in+the+Presence+of+Competing+Geochemical+Oxidation+during+Dynamic+Flow&rft.au=Brooks%2C+S+C%3BCarroll%2C+S+L%3BJardine%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=3002&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes990245f LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioactive wastes; Liquid wastes; Geochemistry; Bacteria; Oxidation; Cobalt; Heavy metals; Pollutant removal; Reduction; Biogeochemistry; Radioisotopes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es990245f ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulating risk: Oversight of microbial products of biotechnology under the U.S. Toxic Substances Control Act AN - 17449851; 4657552 AB - The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) is the legislation used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to regulate releases of genetically engineered microorganisms. The rule defining the scope of the notification requirements for releases of microbial products of biotechnology was published in April 1997. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) had some latitude regarding the extent to which various categories of microorganisms would be regulated, but the agency was constrained by requirements of TSCA and an interagency agreement about how to regulate products of biotechnology. This paper investigates the extent to which the scope of oversight is based on risk. A risk-based rule is defined as one where the reporting requirements are based on potential for exposure or expected adverse effects. The evolution of the rule is described, and risk-based components are discussed. In conclusion, the scope of oversight of microbial releases is determined to be based on risk to the extent that legislation and institutional constraints permit. JF - Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management AU - Efroymson, R A AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036 USA, EfroymsonRA@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/09// PY - 1999 DA - Sep 1999 SP - 329 EP - 347 VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 1464-3332, 1464-3332 KW - Toxic Substances Control Act KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Federal regulations KW - Government policy KW - EPA KW - Genetically engineered microorganisms KW - Legislation KW - Biotechnology KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - X 24171:Microbial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17449851?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Assessment+Policy+and+Management&rft.atitle=Regulating+risk%3A+Oversight+of+microbial+products+of+biotechnology+under+the+U.S.+Toxic+Substances+Control+Act&rft.au=Efroymson%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Efroymson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Assessment+Policy+and+Management&rft.issn=14643332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biotechnology; Legislation; Federal regulations; Genetically engineered microorganisms; Risk assessment; EPA; Government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate and Transport of Hexavalent Chromium in Undisturbed Heterogeneous Soil AN - 17437481; 4645031 AB - The disposal of toxic metals [e.g., Cr(VI)] generated by the Department of Energy during the cold war era has historically involved shallow land burial in unconfined pits and trenches. The objectives of this study were to investigate the impact of coupled hydrologic and geochemical processes on the fate and transport of Cr(VI) in undisturbed soil cores obtained from a fractured, acidic inceptisol that are commonly used in the disposal of waste at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The mobility of Cr(VI) was significantly retarded relative to a nonreactive Br super(-) tracer, and the mobility decreased with increased loading of the solid phase with natural organic matter (NOM). A significant portion of added Cr(VI) did not elute from the columns, and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) revealed that both Cr(VI) and Cr(III) resided on the soil mineral surfaces. The reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) was dramatically more significant on soils with higher levels of surface-bound NOM. This indicated that NOM was serving as a suitable reductant during Cr(VI) transport even in the presence of potentially competing geochemical oxidation reactions involving Cr. The redox reaction was catalyzed by the presence of soil mineral surfaces, and the reduced product Cr(III) was immobilized as a tightly bound moiety. The effectiveness of surface-bound NOM to reduce toxic Cr(VI) to Cr(III) under acidic conditions has important implications regarding the design and implementation of in situ remedial strategies. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Jardine, P M AU - Fendorf, SE AU - Mayes, MA AU - Larsen, IL AU - Brooks, S C AU - Bailey, W B AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038, ipj@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/09/01/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Sep 01 SP - 2939 EP - 2944 VL - 33 IS - 17 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Chromium KW - Organic matter KW - Environmental impact KW - Soil contamination KW - Mineralization KW - Land disposal KW - Hazardous wastes KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17437481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Fate+and+Transport+of+Hexavalent+Chromium+in+Undisturbed+Heterogeneous+Soil&rft.au=Jardine%2C+P+M%3BFendorf%2C+SE%3BMayes%2C+MA%3BLarsen%2C+IL%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BBailey%2C+W+B&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=2939&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chromium; Hazardous wastes; Land disposal; Environmental impact; Organic matter; Mineralization; Soil contamination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of UV-B dose and irradiance: comparison among grazers AN - 17428138; 4653713 AB - Short-term ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation was administered in the laboratory to mayfly nymphs (Diphetor hageni), midge larvae (Corynoneura taris), and snails (Elimia clavaeformis and Physella gyrina) to determine relative susceptibility to UV-B stress. Invertebrate response was a function of the total amount of UV-B received (dose, kJ/m super(2)), and the fluence rate at which UV-B was administered (irradiance, W/m super(2)). Reciprocity did not hold for organisms tested in this study; effect of a given dose was dependent on irradiance. Invertebrates received a gradient of cumulative doses between 0 and 30 kJ/m super(2) UV-B while simultaneously receiving UV-A and photosynthetically active radiation. UV-B wavelengths were weighted with the DNA action spectrum to obtain biologically effective doses between 0 and 0.214 kJ/m super(2) UV-B sub(DNA). This dose gradient was repeated at 3 different UV-B irradiances (1.6, 2.0, and 2.7 W/m super(2)). Total dose, irradiance, and organism size all contributed to UV-B mortality. Mayfly nymphs and midge larvae had similar UV-B thresholds, and the lethal dose at which 50% of the organisms died (LD sub(50)) decreased with increased irradiance. For instance, LD sub(50)s for the midges were 17.2, 15.2, and 10 kJ/m super(2) at 1.6, 2.0, and 2.7 W/m super(2), respectively. Both snails were relatively resistant to UV-B. The prosobranch snail Elimia showed no mortality at any of the UV-B doses administered in this study. A size-class experiment using the pulmonate snail Physella suggested that organism size also affects its ability to cope with UV-B stress: small snails (1.2 plus or minus 0.1 mm, x plus or minus 1 SD) were 5 times more likely to die from UV-B exposure than medium (5.1 plus or minus 0.3 mm) or large (7.8 plus or minus 0.6 mm) snails. Our experiments demonstrated that benthic invertebrates are differentially susceptible to acute UV-B stress, which could lead to alterations in invertebrate assemblages where UV-B levels are high. JF - Journal of the North American Benthological Society AU - McNamara, A E AU - Hill, W R AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, hillwr@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/09// PY - 1999 DA - Sep 1999 SP - 370 EP - 380 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0887-3593, 0887-3593 KW - Club elimia KW - Diptera KW - Ephemeroptera KW - Tadpole physa KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Diets KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Mortality KW - Elimia clavaeformis KW - Corynoneura taris KW - Mutations KW - Biological resistance KW - Physella gyrina KW - U.V. radiation KW - Diphetor hageni KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - DNA KW - Zoobenthos KW - Toxicity testing KW - Aquatic insects KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials KW - Z 05210:Aquatic entomology KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17428138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.atitle=Effects+of+UV-B+dose+and+irradiance%3A+comparison+among+grazers&rft.au=McNamara%2C+A+E%3BHill%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=McNamara&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=370&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.issn=08873593&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Mutations; Ultraviolet radiation; DNA; Biological resistance; Aquatic insects; Diets; Aquatic organisms; U.V. radiation; Zoobenthos; Toxicity testing; Elimia clavaeformis; Diphetor hageni; Corynoneura taris; Physella gyrina ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A methodology for establishing cleanup objectives in the unsaturated soil zone using sensitivity and uncertainty analysis for chemical fate and transport AN - 17404012; 4625669 AB - To support the Corrective-Measures and Cleanup-Alternatives Studies (CMS) prepared by Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) at the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PORTS) in Portsmouth, Ohio, a soil- leaching numerical analysis was conducted to help establish cleanup objectives for deep-soil contamination. For approximately 60 pollutants that exist at the PORTS site, the study defined those deep-soil concentrations that would most likely not cause groundwater contamination in excess of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) guidelines. These values were then used as the technical basis for defining soil-cleanup goals. Numerical modeling of environmental systems provides project managers with unique information that is not available from other sources. With its ability to quantify the important aspects of problem physics, modeling allows one to rapidly accumulate the physical insight needed to solve a problem in a systematic and focused manner. This increased understanding acquired early in the planning stages of a project permits managers to make decisions that are typically more thorough, cost effective, and defensible. This article describes one such numerical study conducted jointly by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and SAIC for the PORTS. JF - Journal of Soil Contamination AU - Hetrick, D M AU - Pandey, A AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6415, USA Y1 - 1999/09// PY - 1999 DA - Sep 1999 SP - 559 EP - 576 VL - 8 IS - 5 SN - 1058-8337, 1058-8337 KW - USA, Ohio, Portsmouth KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Soil remediation KW - Leaching KW - Pollution clean-up KW - Decontamination KW - Chemical pollution KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17404012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+Contamination&rft.atitle=A+methodology+for+establishing+cleanup+objectives+in+the+unsaturated+soil+zone+using+sensitivity+and+uncertainty+analysis+for+chemical+fate+and+transport&rft.au=Hetrick%2C+D+M%3BPandey%2C+A&rft.aulast=Hetrick&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=559&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+Contamination&rft.issn=10588337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil remediation; Pollution clean-up; Leaching; Chemical pollution; Decontamination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Local processes and regional patterns: appropriate scales for understanding variation in the diversity of plants and animals AN - 17389510; 4611515 AB - Determining the causes of variation in species diversity requires linking the scales at which variation in diversity is measured to the scales at which the processes hypothesized to affect diversity actually operate. Published analyses of the relative effects of local versus regional processes on species diversity have failed to measure diversity at spatial scales relevant to local processes. The effects of local processes, such as competition, can only be detected at appropriately small local scales, and are obscured by large samples that aggregate environmental heterogeneity. Relatively few ecological and evolutionary processes can be identified as uniquely regional in scale, and local processes are expected to produce regional-scale differences between regions that differ consistently in environmental conditions that affect local processes. The relative contributions of regional properties and local processes are hypothesized to vary predictably along certain environmental gradients, and to produce locally regulated patterns of species diversity at scales ranging from a few millimeters to the entire globe. JF - Oikos AU - Huston, MA AD - Environmental Sciences Div, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA, mhu@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/09// PY - 1999 DA - Sep 1999 SP - 393 EP - 401 VL - 86 IS - 3 SN - 0030-1299, 0030-1299 KW - species packing KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Biogeography KW - Species diversity KW - Evolution KW - D 04099:Ecosystem studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17389510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oikos&rft.atitle=Local+processes+and+regional+patterns%3A+appropriate+scales+for+understanding+variation+in+the+diversity+of+plants+and+animals&rft.au=Huston%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Huston&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oikos&rft.issn=00301299&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Species diversity; Evolution; Biogeography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Poly(ethylene glycol)-Modified Ligninase Enhances Pentachlorophenol Biodegradation in Water-Solvent Mixtures AN - 17306208; 4580072 AB - Polychlorinated hydrocarbons are prevalent environmental contaminants whose rates of biodegradation are limited by their minimal solubilities in aqueous solutions where the biological reactions take place. In this study, ligninase (LiP) from Phanerochaete chrysosporium was modified by poly(ethylene glycol) to enhance its activity and stability for the biodegradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in the presence of acetonitrile (MeCN), a water-miscible solvent. The modified enzyme retained 100% of its activity in aqueous solutions and showed enhanced tolerance against the organic solvent. The activity of the modified enzyme was found to be over twice that of the native enzyme in the presence of 10% (v/v) MeCN. The solubility of PCP was enhanced significantly by the addition of MeCN to aqueous solutions, such that it was over 10-fold more soluble in the presence of 15% (v/v) MeCN than in pure aqueous buffer solution (from 0.06 to 0.65 mM). Capitalizing on the enhanced substrate solubility and the increased activity of the modified enzyme, the catalytic efficiency of the modified LiP in solutions containing 15% MeCN was over 11-fold higher than that of the native enzyme in buffer solutions (pH 4.2) in unoptimized reactor systems (from 44 to 480 mol PCP/mol LiP times h). Continued research both in the use of organic solvents to increase the availability of recalcitrant contaminants and in the modification of enzymes to enhance their activity and stability in such solvents promises to dramatically affect our ability to remediate contaminated sites. JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Wang, Ping AU - Woodward, CA AU - Kaufman, EN AD - Bioprocessing Research and Development Center, Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6226, USA, ekn@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/08/05/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Aug 05 SP - 290 EP - 297 VL - 64 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - ligninase KW - pentachlorophenol KW - polyethylene glycol KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Phanerochaete chrysosporium KW - Biodegradation KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17306208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Poly%28ethylene+glycol%29-Modified+Ligninase+Enhances+Pentachlorophenol+Biodegradation+in+Water-Solvent+Mixtures&rft.au=Wang%2C+Ping%3BWoodward%2C+CA%3BKaufman%2C+EN&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Ping&rft.date=1999-08-05&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phanerochaete chrysosporium; Biodegradation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethics; creating guidelines for the geosciences AN - 52452440; 1999-055379 JF - Geotimes AU - Stow, Stephen H Y1 - 1999/08// PY - 1999 DA - August 1999 SP - 5 PB - American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA VL - 44 IS - 8 SN - 0016-8556, 0016-8556 KW - geology KW - guidelines KW - ethics KW - regulations KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52452440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=Ethics%3B+creating+guidelines+for+the+geosciences&rft.au=Stow%2C+Stephen+H&rft.aulast=Stow&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1999-08-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ethics; geology; guidelines; regulations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abiogenic methane formation and isotopic fractionation under hydrothermal conditions AN - 52451565; 1999-055604 JF - Science AU - Horita, Juske AU - Berndt, Michael E Y1 - 1999/08// PY - 1999 DA - August 1999 SP - 1055 EP - 1057 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 285 IS - 5430 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - oceanic crust KW - isotope fractionation KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - stable isotopes KW - iron KW - carbon dioxide KW - chemical reactions KW - carbon KW - alloys KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - methane KW - C-13/C-12 KW - alkanes KW - inorganic materials KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - genesis KW - carbon monoxide KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - nickel KW - hydrocarbons KW - crust KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52451565?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Abiogenic+methane+formation+and+isotopic+fractionation+under+hydrothermal+conditions&rft.au=Horita%2C+Juske%3BBerndt%2C+Michael+E&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=Juske&rft.date=1999-08-01&rft.volume=285&rft.issue=5430&rft.spage=1055&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; alloys; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon monoxide; chemical reactions; crust; genesis; geochemistry; hydrocarbons; hydrothermal conditions; igneous rocks; inorganic materials; iron; isotope fractionation; isotopes; metals; methane; nickel; oceanic crust; organic compounds; stable isotopes; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O system; II, Calculated thermodynamic mixing properties for 400 degrees C, 0-400 MPa AN - 52434852; 1999-063535 AB - Empirical equations are presented that can be used to calculate highly accurate excess molar volume, excess Gibbs free energies and activity-composition relations for CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O fluids at 400 degrees C, 0-400 MPa, and to test the reliability of more comprehensive equations-of-state for these mixtures. A 'modular' approach is advocated for representing the thermophysical properties of high-T CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O fluids, using separate equations for H (sub 2) O, CO (sub 2) and CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O mixtures, each optimized for accuracy. The equations for H (sub 2) O and CO (sub 2) supply thermophysical properties for these fluids and ideal properties (e.g. ideal molar volumes) for intermediate compositions. Excess properties are predicted by one or more equations-of-state. Complete representation could be achieved with only three equations, and the set of equations would behave as a single equation-of-state. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Seitz, Jeffery C AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M Y1 - 1999/08// PY - 1999 DA - August 1999 SP - 2393 EP - 2408 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 63 IS - 16 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - molar volume KW - pressure KW - density KW - free energy KW - high pressure KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - theoretical studies KW - phase equilibria KW - mixing KW - volume KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - high temperature KW - activity KW - P-T conditions KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52434852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+CO+%28sub+2%29+-H+%28sub+2%29+O+system%3B+II%2C+Calculated+thermodynamic+mixing+properties+for+400+degrees+C%2C+0-400+MPa&rft.au=Blencoe%2C+James+G%3BSeitz%2C+Jeffery+C%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Blencoe&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1999-08-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=2393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2898%2900296-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes 3 appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activity; carbon dioxide; density; free energy; geochemistry; high pressure; high temperature; mixing; molar volume; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; pressure; temperature; theoretical studies; thermodynamic properties; volume; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00296-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Finding a niche for soil microbial toxicity tests in ecological risk assessment AN - 17583708; 4618275 AB - Soil microbial toxicity tests are seldom used in ecological risk assessments or in the development of regulatory criteria in the U.S. The primary reason is the lack of an explicit connection between these tests and assessment endpoints. Soil microorganisms have three potential roles with respect to ecological assessment endpoints: properties of microbial communities may be endpoints; microbial responses may be used to estimate effects on plant production; and microbial responses may be used as surrogates for responses of higher organisms. Rates of microbial processes are important to ecosystem function, and thus should be valued by regulatory agencies. However, the definition of the microbial assessment endpoint is often an impediment to its use in risk assessment. Decreases in rates are not always undesirable. Processes in a nutrient cycle are particularly difficult to define as endpoints, because what constitutes an adverse effect on a process is dependent on the rates of others. Microbial tests may be used as evidence in an assessment of plant production, but the dependence of plants on microbial processes is rarely considered. As assessment endpoints are better defined in the future, microbial ecologists and toxicologists should be provided with more direction for developing appropriate microbial tests. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Efroymson, R A AU - Suter, GW II AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA, EfroymsonRA@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/08// PY - 1999 DA - Aug 1999 SP - 715 EP - 727 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Environmental impact KW - Microbial activity KW - Soil microorganisms KW - Toxicity testing KW - R2 23040:Biological KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17583708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Finding+a+niche+for+soil+microbial+toxicity+tests+in+ecological+risk+assessment&rft.au=Efroymson%2C+R+A%3BSuter%2C+GW+II&rft.aulast=Efroymson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1999-08-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=715&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil microorganisms; Environmental impact; Toxicity testing; Microbial activity; Risk assessment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sustainability and supra-communitarianism AN - 17449126; 4662515 AB - Sustainability is a permanent concern of humankind. It requires attention to environmental issues such as reducing pollution, limiting resource use, and protecting biodiversity. It requires concern for future generations and is the responsibility of every person on earth. Its requirements for multi-dimensional cooperation, shared values and goals, participation and empowerment, and learning, represent a greater challenge for communitarianism than most other social issues. To span geography, political systems, cultures, and many generations of time, it is argued that supra-communitarianism is needed. This article contains several recommendations to foster the evolution of supra-communitarianism to support sustainability. JF - Foresight AU - Tonn, B E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4500N, MS-607, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, bet@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/08// PY - 1999 DA - Aug 1999 SP - 343 EP - 352 VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 1463-6689, 1463-6689 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Resource management KW - Politics KW - Biological diversity KW - Sustainable development KW - Human factors KW - Pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17449126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foresight&rft.atitle=Sustainability+and+supra-communitarianism&rft.au=Tonn%2C+B+E&rft.aulast=Tonn&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1999-08-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=343&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Foresight&rft.issn=14636689&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sustainable development; Politics; Human factors; Pollution control; Biological diversity; Resource management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Terrestrial NPP: Toward a consistent data set for global model evaluation AN - 17375379; 4597892 AB - Progress in modeling the global carbon cycle is inhibited by the lack of a high-quality data set based upon field observations of net primary productivity (NPP) with which to calibrate, parameterize, and evaluate terrestrial biosphere models. Under the auspices of the Global Primary Production Data Initiative (GPPDI), an activity endorsed by the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program's Data and Information System, a small international workshop was held in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, in December 1996 to address the problem of extrapolating sparse field observations of NPP to produce a consistent database representative of major biomes. We report the conclusions of this workshop and the goals of GPPDI--to further expand the existing data compilation, to agree upon consistent standards for cross-site comparisons and allometric relationships for various biome types, and to document methodologies for spatial extrapolation from point measurements to grid cells. The resulting NPP database will also have intrinsic value: global data are important for many ecological problems, and NPP is a kind of "pathfinder" for other ecological data sets. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Scurlock, JMO AU - Cramer, W AU - Olson, R J AU - Parton, W J AU - Prince, S D AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6407 USA, npq@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/08// PY - 1999 DA - Aug 1999 SP - 913 EP - 919 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Carbon cycle KW - Primary production KW - Data acquisition KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17375379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Terrestrial+NPP%3A+Toward+a+consistent+data+set+for+global+model+evaluation&rft.au=Scurlock%2C+JMO%3BCramer%2C+W%3BOlson%2C+R+J%3BParton%2C+W+J%3BPrince%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Scurlock&rft.aufirst=JMO&rft.date=1999-08-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=913&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon cycle; Primary production; Data acquisition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Major and trace elements associated with colloids in organic-rich river waters; ultrafiltration of natural and spiked solutions AN - 52445741; 1999-055284 AB - This study presents the results of ultrafiltration experiments (0.20 mu m-300,000 Da-5000 Da-1000 Da) performed on natural rich-organic waters (30-40 mg l (super -1) of dissolved organic carbon) sampled in wetland area of Cameroon (Nsimi-Zoetele site). A very strong decrease in all cation concentrations (major and trace elements) except Si was observed after filtration. Speciation calculations using data available in the literature for metal-humic substance complexation observations suggest that ultrafiltration performed on this water source at a pH of 4.74 induces a very strong retention of cations only weakly bound to humic substances in the aqueous solution [Viers, J., Dupre, B., Polve, M., Schott, J., Dandurand, J. L., Braun, J. J., 1997. Chemical weathering in the drainage basin of a tropical watershed (Nsimi-Zoetele site, Cameroon): comparison between organic-poor and organic-rich waters. Chem. Geol., 140, 181-206]. To minimize this artifact, ultrafiltration must be performed at low pH (= 3) or with the addition of high concentrations of a complexing metal (e.g., Lanthanum). The goal of these ultrafiltration experiments is to anticipate the affinity of several major and trace elements to form organo-metallic complexes with humic substances. Experiments using Sr and Ba isotopes at fixed ratios were entered in order to determine the exchangeable fraction of base cation. Natural Sr isotopic ratio ( (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr) in different filtrates and retentates as well as isotopic ratios of Ba and Sr ( (super 86) Sr/ (super 84) Sr and (super 138) Ba/ (super 135) Ba) in spiked and filtered samples appear to remain constant. These results suggest that there is only one source of Sr in these natural waters and that it is present in an exchangeable form (i.e., free ion and/or complexed with organic matter). By analogy, we suppose that elements such as Ca or Mg are not present in organic or mineral colloids but in an exchangeable position. This is in agreement with the hypothesis of the filtration artifact. In the filtration experiment, performed at pH 3, more than 95% of Al, Ga, Fe, U, Th, Y and REEs, congruent to 50% of Cr and V, 25% of Cu, 10% of Co, and >Cr(5.5)>>Co(3)>Rb, Ba, Sr, Mn, Mg ( nearly equal 2). These data are obtained for both low ionic strength and low metal concentrations. Using the filtration experiment performed with an addition of La, we observe that REEs appear to be complexed with humic substances via two types of site. The first site has a strong affinity for the REEs but is not abundant. So the complexation by this site will be important when the REEs concentration is low. The second type of site is much more abundant but has a much smaller affinity for the complexation of REEs. This site will dominate when the REEs concentration is high. The first site remains unassigned but the second should be related to the carboxylic functional groups. Abstract Copyright (1999) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Dupre, Bernard AU - Viers, Jerome AU - Dandurand, Jean-Louis AU - Polve, Mireille AU - Benezeth, Pascale AU - Vervier, Philippe AU - Braun, Jean-Jacques Y1 - 1999/07/29/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Jul 29 SP - 63 EP - 80 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 160 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - isotopes KW - complexing KW - rivers and streams KW - Nyong River basin KW - stable isotopes KW - major elements KW - sampling KW - filtration KW - carbon KW - rare earths KW - trace elements KW - organic carbon KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - hydrology KW - chemical weathering KW - alkaline earth metals KW - colloidal materials KW - Awout River KW - isotope ratios KW - humates KW - surface water KW - solutes KW - organo-metallics KW - hydrochemistry KW - weathering KW - West Africa KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - organic compounds KW - wetlands KW - metals KW - cations KW - Africa KW - Cameroon KW - strontium KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52445741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Major+and+trace+elements+associated+with+colloids+in+organic-rich+river+waters%3B+ultrafiltration+of+natural+and+spiked+solutions&rft.au=Dupre%2C+Bernard%3BViers%2C+Jerome%3BDandurand%2C+Jean-Louis%3BPolve%2C+Mireille%3BBenezeth%2C+Pascale%3BVervier%2C+Philippe%3BBraun%2C+Jean-Jacques&rft.aulast=Dupre&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft.date=1999-07-29&rft.volume=160&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900060-1 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; alkaline earth metals; Awout River; Cameroon; carbon; cations; chemical fractionation; chemical weathering; colloidal materials; complexing; filtration; geochemistry; humates; hydrochemistry; hydrology; isotope ratios; isotopes; major elements; metals; Nyong River basin; organic carbon; organic compounds; organo-metallics; pH; rare earths; rivers and streams; sampling; solutes; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; surface water; trace elements; weathering; West Africa; wetlands DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00060-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Personal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke: salivary cotinine, airborne nicotine, and nonsmoker misclassification. AN - 70043112; 10489160 AB - A large study was conducted to assess exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in a geographically dispersed study population using personal breathing zone air sampling and salivary cotinine levels. Approximately 100 self-reported nonsmoking subjects in each of 16 metropolitan areas were recruited for this investigation. Cumulative distributions of salivary cotinine levels for subjects in smoking and nonsmoking homes and workplaces exhibited a general trend of decreasing salivary cotinine levels with decreasing time spent in smoking environments. Median salivary cotinine levels for the four experimental cells in the study (product of smoking and nonsmoking home and workplaces) were comparable to those reported for a large national study of serum levels of cotinine (Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES III), when the latter was corrected for expected differences between serum and saliva concentrations. However, the most highly exposed group in this study had a median salivary cotinine concentration approximately a factor of 2 greater than that of the comparable group in the NHANES III study. Misclassification rates, both simple (for self-reported nonsmokers) and complex (self-reported lifetime never smokers), were near the median of those reported for other studies. Estimated misclassification rates for self-reported lifetime never-smoking females are sufficiently high (2.95% using a discrimination level of 106 ng/ml) that, if used in the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) risk assessment related to ETS and lung cancer, would place the lower 90% confidence interval (CI) for relative risk at nearly 1.00, i.e., no statistically significant increased risk. For the 263 most highly exposed subjects in the study whose self-reported nonsmoking status was accurate, the correlation between airborne exposure to nicotine and average salivary cotinine is so small, on an individual basis, that it makes the relationship useless for estimating exposure on a quantitative basis. When subjects are grouped according to likely categories of nicotine exposure, correlation between group median airborne nicotine exposure and salivary cotinine level increases dramatically. The comparison improves for the most highly exposed subjects, suggesting that such quantitative comparisons are useful for only those subjects who are exposed to the higher levels of ETS. However, airborne nicotine exposure for most of the subjects does not account for estimated systemic levels of nicotine, based on salivary cotinine levels. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Jenkins, R A AU - Counts, R W AD - Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-6120, USA. jenkinsra@ornl.gov PY - 1999 SP - 352 EP - 363 VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - 0 KW - Nicotine KW - 6M3C89ZY6R KW - Cotinine KW - K5161X06LL KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Discriminant Analysis KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Urban Health KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Smoking -- metabolism KW - Nutrition Surveys KW - Middle Aged KW - Bias (Epidemiology) KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Cotinine -- analysis KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Saliva -- chemistry KW - Nicotine -- metabolism KW - Nicotine -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70043112?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Personal+exposure+to+environmental+tobacco+smoke%3A+salivary+cotinine%2C+airborne+nicotine%2C+and+nonsmoker+misclassification.&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+R+A%3BCounts%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1999-07-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-10-21 N1 - Date created - 1999-10-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of 225actinium chelates: tissue distribution and radiotoxicity. AN - 70016203; 10473198 AB - The biodistribution and tissue toxicity of intravenously administered 225-actinium (225Ac) complexed with acetate, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), 1, 4, 7, 10, 13-pentaazacyclopentadecane-N, N', N", N"', N""-pentaacetic acid (PEPA), or the "a" isomer of cyclohexyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (CHX-DTPA), were examined. The percent of injected dose per organ and per gram of tissue for each chelate complex was determined. 225Ac-CHX-DTPA was evaluated further for radiotoxic effects. Mice receiving > or =185 kBq 225Ac-CHX-DTPA suffered 100% morbidity by 5 days and 100% mortality by 8 days postinjection, and all animals evaluated had significant organ damage. The in vivo instability of the 225Ac-CHX-DTPA complex likely allowed accumulation of free 225Ac in organs, which resulted in tissue pathology. JF - Nuclear medicine and biology AU - Davis, I A AU - Glowienka, K A AU - Boll, R A AU - Deal, K A AU - Brechbiel, M W AU - Stabin, M AU - Bochsler, P N AU - Mirzadeh, S AU - Kennel, S J AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-6101, USA. Y1 - 1999/07// PY - 1999 DA - July 1999 SP - 581 EP - 589 VL - 26 IS - 5 SN - 0969-8051, 0969-8051 KW - Chelating Agents KW - 0 KW - Isothiocyanates KW - N-(2-amino-3-(4-isothiocyanatophenyl)propyl)cyclohexane-1,2-diamine-N,N',N',N'',N''-pentaacetic acid KW - 142434-84-2 KW - Pentetic Acid KW - 7A314HQM0I KW - Actinium KW - NIK1K0956U KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Female KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Actinium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Pentetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Isothiocyanates -- pharmacokinetics KW - Chelating Agents -- pharmacokinetics KW - Pentetic Acid -- analogs & derivatives KW - Isothiocyanates -- toxicity KW - Chelating Agents -- toxicity KW - Pentetic Acid -- pharmacokinetics KW - Pentetic Acid -- chemical synthesis KW - Isothiocyanates -- chemical synthesis KW - Actinium -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70016203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+medicine+and+biology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+225actinium+chelates%3A+tissue+distribution+and+radiotoxicity.&rft.au=Davis%2C+I+A%3BGlowienka%2C+K+A%3BBoll%2C+R+A%3BDeal%2C+K+A%3BBrechbiel%2C+M+W%3BStabin%2C+M%3BBochsler%2C+P+N%3BMirzadeh%2C+S%3BKennel%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1999-07-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+medicine+and+biology&rft.issn=09698051&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-11-22 N1 - Date created - 1999-11-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological influences on the morphology and micromorphology of selected Podzols (Spodosols) and Cambisols (Inceptisols) from the Eastern United States and North-East Scotland AN - 52449830; 1999-055519 AB - Biological activities greatly influence the formation of many soils, especially forest soils under cool humid climates. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of vegetation and soil biota on the formation of selected soils. Field morphology, micromorphology, and carbon and organic matter analysis were determined on six Podzols (Spodosols) and two Cambisols (Inceptisols) from the eastern United States and north-east Scotland. Humification of plant material by soil fauna and fungi occurs in all organic horizons. Thick organic coatings are observed on soil peds and rock fragments from the E1 to the Bs horizon in a Haplic Podzol from Clingmans Dome Mt., TN. Thin sections reveal large accumulations of root material in different stages of decomposition in the spodic horizons of a Haplic Podzol from Whiteface Mt., NY. Organic carbon ranges from 5.4 to 8.5% in the spodic B horizons of the Whiteface Mt. Podzol. Earthworms and enchytraeids have a great effect on the structure of the surface and subsurface horizons in the Dystric Cambisols from Huntly and Clashindarroch Forests, Scotland and a Cambic Podzol from the Corrie Burn Basin, Scotland. Podzols from Speymouth Forest, Scotland (Gleyic Podzol), Clingmans Dome Mt., and Whiteface Mt. have thick organic horizons. The Podzols from the Flatwoods in Georgia, the Pine Barrens in New Jersey, the Corrie Burn Basin, and the Cambisol from Huntly Forest have only A horizons at the surface. The Clashindarroch Forest soil has a very thin organic horizon. Warm and humid climates and sandy parent material are responsible for thick E horizons and lack of thick organic horizons in the Flatwoods (Carbic Podzol) and Pine Barrens (Ferric Podzol) soils. Earthworms and enchytraeids thrive in the Corrie Burn Basin and Huntly Forest soils due to the vegetation and the highly weathered basic parent material. The site at Clashindarroch once carried oak, and then birch forest, both of which produce a mild litter and also encourage earthworm and enchytraeids. This fauna is responsible for much mixing of the topsoil. The present conifer vegetation will eventually produce a deep litter and cause podzolization. JF - Geoderma AU - Phillips, D H AU - FitzPatrick, E A Y1 - 1999/07// PY - 1999 DA - July 1999 SP - 327 EP - 364 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 90 IS - 3-4 SN - 0016-7061, 0016-7061 KW - United States KW - northeastern Scotland KW - Europe KW - Great Britain KW - Essex County New York KW - Brantley County Georgia KW - Pine Barrens KW - Tennessee KW - Cambisols KW - Sevier County Tennessee KW - Clingmans Dome KW - Burlington County New Jersey KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - soils KW - forests KW - soil profiles KW - Western Europe KW - micromorphology KW - Whiteface Mountain KW - Eastern U.S. KW - United Kingdom KW - Spodosols KW - morphology KW - Scotland KW - New York KW - biogenic processes KW - Inceptisols KW - New Jersey KW - Georgia KW - Adirondack Mountains KW - Podzols KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52449830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoderma&rft.atitle=Biological+influences+on+the+morphology+and+micromorphology+of+selected+Podzols+%28Spodosols%29+and+Cambisols+%28Inceptisols%29+from+the+Eastern+United+States+and+North-East+Scotland&rft.au=Phillips%2C+D+H%3BFitzPatrick%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1999-07-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoderma&rft.issn=00167061&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167061 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEDMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adirondack Mountains; Atlantic Coastal Plain; biogenic processes; Brantley County Georgia; Burlington County New Jersey; Cambisols; Clingmans Dome; Eastern U.S.; Essex County New York; Europe; forests; Georgia; Great Britain; Inceptisols; micromorphology; morphology; New Jersey; New York; northeastern Scotland; Pine Barrens; Podzols; Scotland; Sevier County Tennessee; soil profiles; soils; Spodosols; Tennessee; United Kingdom; United States; Western Europe; Whiteface Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental impact assessment under the National Environmental Policy Act and the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty AN - 52003576; 2003-026167 AB - Both the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty and the US National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) dictate their requirements for the US government actions in Antarctica. Although both require environmental impact assessment (EIA) as part of the planning process for proposed actions, differences in the scope and intent of the Protocol and NEPA exist. This paper discusses the two instruments and compare them. By comparing the EIA requirements of NEPA and the Protocol, the authors demonstrate how the requirements of each can be together applied to supply improved environmental protection for the antarctic environment. Certain recommendations are given to strengthen the procedural requirements of the Protocol for activities made by all Parties in Antarctica. The NEPA and the Protocol in combination rather than one or the other need to closely study environmental impacts. Three areas are identified where the EIA provisions of the Protocol could enhance its effectiveness. First, the thresholds defined by the Protocol need to be clarified. Second, cumulative impact assessment is needed by the Protocol but is not defined. Third, the public has limited opportunities to affect the preparation of initial or comprehensive environmental evaluations. (DCE) JF - Environmental Management (New York) AU - Ensminger, J Timothy AU - McCold, Lance N AU - Webb, J Warren Y1 - 1999/07// PY - 1999 DA - July 1999 SP - 13 EP - 23 PB - Springer-Verlag, New York, NY VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - United States KW - protection KW - Antarctic Treaty KW - regulations KW - legislation KW - government agencies KW - international cooperation KW - decision-making KW - environmental effects KW - mitigation KW - Antarctica KW - natural resources KW - planning KW - conservation KW - National Environmental Policy Act KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management+%28New+York%29&rft.atitle=Environmental+impact+assessment+under+the+National+Environmental+Policy+Act+and+the+Protocol+on+Environmental+Protection+to+the+Antarctic+Treaty&rft.au=Ensminger%2C+J+Timothy%3BMcCold%2C+Lance+N%3BWebb%2C+J+Warren&rft.aulast=Ensminger&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-07-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management+%28New+York%29&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ENMGDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctic Treaty; Antarctica; conservation; decision-making; environmental effects; government agencies; international cooperation; legislation; mitigation; National Environmental Policy Act; natural resources; planning; protection; regulations; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying diffusive mass transfer in fractured shale bedrock AN - 50131009; 1999-059123 AB - A significant limitation in defining remediation needs at contaminated sites often results from an insufficient understanding of the transport processes that control contaminant migration. The objectives of this research were to help resolve this dilemma by providing an improved understanding of contaminant transport processes in highly structured, heterogeneous subsurface environments that are complicated by fracture flow and matrix diffusion. Our approach involved a unique long-term, steady state natural gradient injection of multiple tracers with different diffusion coefficients (Br, He, Ne) into a fracture zone of a contaminated shale bedrock. The spatial and temporal distribution of the tracers was monitored for 550 days using an array of groundwater sampling wells instrumented within a fast flowing fracture regime and a slow flowing matrix regime. The tracers were transported preferentially along strike-parallel fractures, with a significant portion of the tracer plumes migrating slowly into the bedrock matrix. Movement into the matrix was controlled by concentration gradients established between preferential flow paths and the adjacent rock matrix. Observed differences in tracer mobility into the matrix were found to be a function of their free-water molecular diffusion coefficients. The multiple tracer technique confirmed that matrix diffusion was a significant process that contributed to the overall physical nonequilibrium that controlled contaminant transport in the shale bedrock. The experimental observations were consistent with numerical simulations of the multitracer breakthrough curves using a simple fracture flow model. The simulated results also demonstrated the significance of contaminant diffusion into the bedrock matrix. The multiple tracer technique and ability to monitor the fracture and matrix regimes provided the necessary experimental constraints for the accurate numerical quantification of the diffusive mass transfer process. The experimental and numerical results of the tracer study were also consistent with indigenous contaminant discharge concentrations within the fracture and matrix regimes of the field site. These findings suggest that the secondary source contribution of the bedrock matrix to the total off-site transport of contaminants is relatively large and potentially long-lived. Copyright 1999 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Jardine, P M AU - Sanford, W E AU - Gwo, J P AU - Reedy, O C AU - Hicks, D S AU - Riggs, J S AU - Bailey, W B Y1 - 1999/07// PY - 1999 DA - July 1999 SP - 2015 EP - 2030 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 35 IS - 7 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - fractured materials KW - migration KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - preferential flow KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - models KW - spatial distribution KW - fractures KW - transport KW - breakthrough curves KW - mass transfer KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50131009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Quantifying+diffusive+mass+transfer+in+fractured+shale+bedrock&rft.au=Jardine%2C+P+M%3BSanford%2C+W+E%3BGwo%2C+J+P%3BReedy%2C+O+C%3BHicks%2C+D+S%3BRiggs%2C+J+S%3BBailey%2C+W+B&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1999-07-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2015&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F1999WR900043 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - breakthrough curves; diffusion; environmental analysis; experimental studies; fractured materials; fractures; ground water; mass transfer; migration; models; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; remediation; soils; solute transport; spatial distribution; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999WR900043 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differences in molecular diversity of microbial communities from a hypereutrophic lake and the terrestrial subsurface AN - 17379556; 4587496 AB - The use of molecular tools to examine microbial diversity allows for comparisons among communities from different environments. The comparisons offer prospects for helping to uncover the factors controlling microbial community diversity. In a comparison of the diversity patterns seen in 16 s-rRNA sequences from DNA extracted from whole microbial communities, the potential importance of connectivity in controlling competition and thus diversity can also be observed. The 16s-rRNA genes were amplified from the bulk genomic community DNA and cloned into plasmid vectors. Unique 16s-rDNA clones were detected using four different tetrameric restriction enzymes, and community diversity was estimated based on the number and abundance of unique clones. The bacterial community form the upper anaerobic hypolimnion of wintergreen Lake and from surface and subsurface sediments was characterized by high species richness and relatively low equitability. This pattern in the hypolimnion was most similar to saturated sediment samples. In contrast, the surface soils exhibited a very different pattern with high diversity accompanied by an extremely even distribution. Although considerations such as the effects of predation and the relative harshness of the different environments play a role in establishing these patterns, competition may be the key factor. The differences in these patterns may result from the relative connectedness of the hypolimnion and saturated sediment samples compared with the spatial isolation in the surface soil samples. The connectedness in the hypolimnion and the saturated sediments allows for competitive interactions which are inhibited by the spatial isolation in the surface soils. JF - Journal of Applied Microbiology AU - Palumbo, A V AU - Zhou, J AU - Figueras, J B AU - Xia, B AU - Abella, CA AU - Tiedje, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS-6480, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA A2 - Stewart-Tull, DES A2 - Dennis, PJ A2 - Godfree, AF (eds) Y1 - 1999/07// PY - 1999 DA - July 1999 SP - 258S EP - 259S PB - Blackwell Science Ltd., Osney Mead Oxford OX2 0EL UK VL - 85 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - hypolimnion KW - rRNA 16S KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Biochemistry KW - Lake Sediments KW - Predation KW - Microhabitats KW - Eutrophic lakes KW - Species Diversity KW - Microbiological Studies KW - Soil microorganisms KW - Microbiological analysis KW - Lakes KW - Soils KW - Competition KW - Hypolimnion KW - Enzymes KW - Inhibition KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - Anaerobic conditions KW - Sediments KW - Eutrophic Lakes KW - Community composition KW - Species diversity KW - Microorganisms KW - DNA KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q1 08205:Genetics and evolution KW - J 02905:Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17379556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Differences+in+molecular+diversity+of+microbial+communities+from+a+hypereutrophic+lake+and+the+terrestrial+subsurface&rft.au=Palumbo%2C+A+V%3BZhou%2C+J%3BFigueras%2C+J+B%3BXia%2C+B%3BAbella%2C+CA%3BTiedje%2C+J&rft.aulast=Palumbo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1999-07-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=258S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Community composition; Species diversity; Eutrophic lakes; Soils; Microhabitats; DNA; Microorganisms; Hypolimnion; Sediments; Microbiological analysis; Lakes; Anaerobic conditions; Aquatic ecosystems; Competition; Soil microorganisms; Biochemistry; Lake Sediments; Predation; Enzymes; Species Diversity; Inhibition; Microbiological Studies; Eutrophic Lakes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cyanobacteria as agents for the control of pollution by pesticides and chlorinated organic compounds AN - 17378749; 4587488 AB - Cyanobacteria are phototrophic aquatic micro-organisms that are found in a variety of environments, including polluted ones. Fifteen strains of cyanobacteria that belong to three taxonomic groups are able to degrade lindane ( lambda -hexachlorocyclohexane, a recalcitrant pesticide). The initial degradation pathway has been studied in two filamentous nitrogen-fixing strains of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 and Nostoc ellipsosporum. These cyanobacteria dechlorinated loindane first to pentachlorocyclohexene and then to a mixutre of trichlorobenzenes, and possibly further. Lindane dechlorination by these organisms occurred only in the presence of nitrate in the medium. Both ammonium and darkness inhibited the process. This combination of observations led us to the hypothesis that the nitrate-reduction system of cyanobacteria may be involved in dechlorination. The hypothesis was proven by the analysis of Anabaena sp. transpositional mutants in four genes of the nir operon. The mutants were unable to dechlorinate lindane. However, there was no correlation between lindane dechlorination and activities of individual proteins encoded by this operon. Genetic engineering of Anabaena sp. and N. ellipsosporum that introduced linA lindane dechlorination operon from Psuedomonas paucimobilis allowed us to uncouple dechlorination from nitrate requirement. Introduction, by genetic engineering, of fcABC (the 4-chlorobenzoate dechlorination system from Arthrobacter globiformis) to Anabaena sp. and N. ellipsosporum rendered these strains newly capable of 4-chlorobenzoate dechlorination both constitutively and inducible by an environmental factor. JF - Journal of Applied Microbiology AU - Kuritz, T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS-6480, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA, kuritzt@ornl.gov A2 - Stewart-Tull, DES A2 - Dennis, PJ A2 - Godfree, AF (eds) Y1 - 1999/07// PY - 1999 DA - July 1999 SP - 186S EP - 192S PB - Blackwell Science Ltd., Osney Mead Oxford OX2 0EL UK VL - 85 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - 4-chlorobenzoic acid KW - Anabaena KW - Arthrobacter globiformis KW - Nostoc ellipsosporum KW - chlorinated organic compounds KW - cyanobacteria KW - dechlorination KW - genetics KW - hexachlorocyclohexane KW - lindane KW - p-Chlorobenzoic acid KW - pesticides KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Biological control KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Organochlorine compounds KW - Biodegradation KW - Water Pollution Control KW - PCB KW - Dechlorination KW - Lindane KW - Genetic engineering KW - Pesticides KW - Organic Compounds KW - Cyanophyta KW - Psuedomonas paucimobilis KW - Pollution control KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - Q4 27480:Environmental Applications/Impact KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17378749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Cyanobacteria+as+agents+for+the+control+of+pollution+by+pesticides+and+chlorinated+organic+compounds&rft.au=Kuritz%2C+T&rft.aulast=Kuritz&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1999-07-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=186S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Biodegradation; Pesticides; Lindane; PCB; Pollution control; Dechlorination; Aquatic organisms; Organochlorine compounds; Genetic engineering; Water Pollution Control; Organic Compounds; Cyanophyta; Psuedomonas paucimobilis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental effects in NiTi-based alloys AN - 27077603; 199910-31-5255 (MD); 0422853 (EN); A99-41420 (AH) AB - No environmental embrittlement was observed for both B19' NiTi and B2 NiTi-7Fe alloys when tested in air and hydrogen at ambient temperatures. Even though Ti is reactive enough to dissociate water vapor in air to generate atomic hydrogen, and Ni can act as a catalyst to dissociate H sub 2 into atomic hydogen, the presnece of hydrogen-containing environments does not cause environmental embrittlement in these alloys. The fracture surfaces exhibited ductile dimpling for both alloys tested in different environments, consistent with the tensile properties. The insensitivity of the two materials to the test environments is believed to be due to the slow hydrogen transport in the two materials and/or the presence of hydrogen traps in the alloys. JF - Scripta Materialia (USA) AU - Zhu, J H AU - Liu, C T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory PY - 1999 SP - 55 EP - 60 PB - Elsevier Science Inc , 650 Avenue of the Americas, 2nd Floor, New York, NY, 10010-2098, USA, [URL:http://www.elsevier.com] VL - 41 IS - 1 SN - 1359-6462, 1359-6462 KW - Metadex (MD); Environmental Engineering (EN); Aerospace & High Technology (AH) KW - Contract: DE-AC05-96OR-22464 KW - CPD, Intermetallic compounds KW - NiTi KW - Nickel base alloys KW - Mechanical properties KW - Nickel compounds KW - Titanium compounds KW - Intermetallics KW - Hydrogen embrittlement KW - Ductility KW - Environmental effects KW - Fracturing KW - ENVIRONMENTAL TESTS KW - NICKEL COMPOUNDS KW - TITANIUM COMPOUNDS KW - INTERMETALLICS KW - HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT KW - SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS KW - STRESS-STRAIN DIAGRAMS KW - TENSILE PROPERTIES KW - Article KW - EE 421:Strength of Building Materials KW - EE 531.1:Metallurgy KW - EE 548.2:Nickel Alloys KW - EE 443.1:Atmospheric Properties KW - EE 931.2:Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids KW - EE 944.6:Temperature Measurements (EN) KW - Mechanical:Properties UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27077603?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scripta+Materialia+%28USA%29&rft.atitle=Environmental+effects+in+NiTi-based+alloys&rft.au=Zhu%2C+J+H%3BLiu%2C+C+T&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-06-04&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scripta+Materialia+%28USA%29&rft.issn=13596462&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 1999-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - Photomicrographs N1 - SuppNotes - 19 ref., Photomicrographs, Graphs, Numerical Data N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phylogenetic characterization of a mixed microbial community capable of degrading carbon tetrachloride AN - 867743910; 13857596 AB - Two bacterial communities (NO92 and GBS) capable of degrading carbon tetrachloride (CT) were enriched from in-house CT-contaminated water. These communities are able to degrade CT in the presence of toluene. To characterize the community structure and diversity, one enrichment (NO92) was subjected to 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene-based molecular analysis. The 16S rRNA genes were amplified from the bulk genomic community DNA and cloned into plasmid vectors. Unique 16S rRNA gene clones, i.e., phylotypes, were detected by four tetrameric restriction enzymes. Together, 123 16S rRNA gene clones were obtained; thirty-one showed different restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns. About 73% of the clones belong to two dominant RFLP patterns. Phylogenetic analysis based on the partial 16S rRNA gene sequences of 10 major phylotypes showed that all the phylotypes that were sequenced were affiliated with the high G+C Gram-positive bacteria. Whereas seven of the phylotypes (80% of the clones) were closely related to Rhodococcus, the other three (5% of the clones) were related to Curtobacterium. These results suggest that this CT-degrading community is diverse but is predominated by closely related bacterial groups. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Strong, Janet M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, P.O. Box 2008, 37831-6038, Oak Ridge, TN, zhouj@ornal.gov Y1 - 1999/06// PY - 1999 DA - June 1999 SP - 243 EP - 253 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 80 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Phylogeny KW - Toluene KW - Gram-positive bacteria KW - Restriction fragment length polymorphism KW - Enzymes KW - Plasmids KW - Rhodococcus KW - Carbon tetrachloride KW - Curtobacterium KW - Community structure KW - DNA KW - genomics KW - rRNA 16S KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/867743910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Phylogenetic+characterization+of+a+mixed+microbial+community+capable+of+degrading+carbon+tetrachloride&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Jizhong%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BStrong%2C+Janet+M&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Jizhong&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A80%3A3%3A243 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Carbon tetrachloride; Community structure; Gram-positive bacteria; Toluene; DNA; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; Enzymes; genomics; Plasmids; rRNA 16S; Rhodococcus; Curtobacterium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:80:3:243 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Returning perchlorate-contaminated fume hood systems to service. Part II. Disassembly, decontamination, disposal, and analytical procedures. AN - 69937732; 10429731 AB - Part I presented work leading up to and including a pilot study for remediation of laboratory fume hood systems contaminated with residues from processes that used fuming perchloric acid. Since publication of Part I, three incidents involving explosions and fires related to perchlorates have come to the attention of the authors. Experience has been gained through decontamination/remediation of 41 additional systems. This article expands on previous one and includes (1) administrative details that need to be addressed before and during the execution of the decontamination itself, (2) a seven-step procedure for decontamination-remediation/disposal, (3) some precautions associated with the use of methylene blue as a diagnostic tool for perchlorates, and-specific electrode to augment or replace the methylene blue test. JF - Applied occupational and environmental hygiene AU - Bader, M AU - Phillips, C C AU - Mueller, T R AU - Underwood, W S AU - Whitson, S D AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 1999/06// PY - 1999 DA - June 1999 SP - 369 EP - 375 VL - 14 IS - 6 SN - 1047-322X, 1047-322X KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - Perchlorates KW - Sodium Compounds KW - sodium perchlorate KW - 97F4MTY3VA KW - Index Medicus KW - Equipment Contamination KW - Laboratories KW - Humans KW - Equipment Reuse KW - Perchlorates -- adverse effects KW - Occupational Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- adverse effects KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Sodium Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Ventilation -- instrumentation KW - Occupational Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69937732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.atitle=Returning+perchlorate-contaminated+fume+hood+systems+to+service.+Part+II.+Disassembly%2C+decontamination%2C+disposal%2C+and+analytical+procedures.&rft.au=Bader%2C+M%3BPhillips%2C+C+C%3BMueller%2C+T+R%3BUnderwood%2C+W+S%3BWhitson%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Bader&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.issn=1047322X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-08-19 N1 - Date created - 1999-08-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - P- and S-wave characterization of near-surface reflectivity form glacial tills using vertical seismic profiles AN - 52353613; 2000-041398 AB - Fundamental reflectivity properties are established within the glacial deposits of central Saskatchewan, Canada. Multicomponent vertical seismic profile (VSP) data collected in three shallow boreholes are used to obtain detailed acoustic property information within the first 80 m of the near-surface strata. The integration of both P- and S-wave VSP data, in conjunction with other borehole geophysics, provided a unique opportunity to obtain in-situ seismic reflection response properties in layered clay and sand tills. P- and S-wave interval velocity profiles, in conjunction with P- and S-wave VSP reflectivities are analyzed to provide insight into seismic wavefield behavior within approximately 80 m of the surface. In general, shear wave energy identifies more reflective intervals than the P-wave energy because of better vertical resolution for S-wave energy (0.75 m) compared to P-wave energy (2.3 m) based on quarter wavelength criterion. For these saturated, unconsolidated glacial deposits, more details about the lithologic constituents and in-situ porosity are detectable from the S-wave reflectivity, but P-wave reflections provide a good technique for mapping the bulk changes. The principal cause of seismic reflectivity is the presence and/or amount of sand, and the degree of fluid-filled porosity within the investigated formations. JF - Geophysics AU - Carr, Bradley J AU - Hajnal, Zoltan Y1 - 1999/06// PY - 1999 DA - June 1999 SP - 970 EP - 980 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 64 IS - 3 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - P-waves KW - seismic stratigraphy KW - Cretaceous KW - elastic waves KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - shallow depth KW - sedimentary rocks KW - sediments KW - potash KW - bedrock KW - body waves KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - seismic profiles KW - clastic sediments KW - sedimentation KW - geophysical methods KW - Saskatoon Saskatchewan KW - reflection methods KW - till KW - evaporites KW - Cory Mine KW - Mesozoic KW - seismic methods KW - case studies KW - boreholes KW - Canada KW - glacial sedimentation KW - Western Canada KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - Saskatchewan KW - reflectance KW - S-waves KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52353613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=P-+and+S-wave+characterization+of+near-surface+reflectivity+form+glacial+tills+using+vertical+seismic+profiles&rft.au=Carr%2C+Bradley+J%3BHajnal%2C+Zoltan&rft.aulast=Carr&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=970&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1444606 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps, strat. cols. N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; body waves; boreholes; Canada; case studies; chemically precipitated rocks; clastic sediments; Cory Mine; Cretaceous; elastic waves; evaporites; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; glacial sedimentation; Mesozoic; P-waves; potash; reflectance; reflection methods; S-waves; Saskatchewan; Saskatoon Saskatchewan; sedimentary rocks; sedimentation; sediments; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic stratigraphy; seismic waves; shallow depth; till; Upper Cretaceous; vertical seismic profiles; Western Canada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444606 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Demonstration results on the effects of mercury speciation on the stabilization of wastes AN - 51777198; 2005-000839 AB - Mercury-contaminated wastes are currently being stored at approximately 19 Department of Energy sites, the volume of which is estimated to be about 16 m (super 3) . These wastes exist in various forms including soil, sludges, and debris, which present a particular challenge regarding possible mercury stabilization methods. This reports provides the test results of three vendors, Allied Technology Group, IT Corporation, and Nuclear Fuel Services, Inc., that demonstrate the effects of mercury speciation on the stabilization of the mercury wastes. Mercury present in concentrations that exceed 260 parts per million must be removed by extraction methods and requires stabilization to ensure that the final wasteforms leach less than 0.2 mg/L of mercury by the Toxicity characteristic Leaching Procedure or 0.025 mg/L using the Universal Treatment Standard. JF - ORNL-TM (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) AU - Conley, T B AU - Hulet, G A AU - Morris, M I AU - Osborne-Lee, I W Y1 - 1999/06// PY - 1999 DA - June 1999 SP - 26 PB - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN SN - 0149-5526, 0149-5526 KW - soils KW - stabilization KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - sludge KW - stability KW - pollution KW - waste management KW - habitat KW - controls KW - toxicity KW - metals KW - leaching KW - mercury KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51777198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Conley%2C+T+B%3BHulet%2C+G+A%3BMorris%2C+M+I%3BOsborne-Lee%2C+I+W&rft.aulast=Conley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Demonstration+results+on+the+effects+of+mercury+speciation+on+the+stabilization+of+wastes&rft.title=Demonstration+results+on+the+effects+of+mercury+speciation+on+the+stabilization+of+wastes&rft.issn=01495526&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number DE00010339NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - TN N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC05-96OR22464 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ORTMDZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical fractionation; concentration; controls; habitat; leaching; mercury; metals; pollution; sludge; soils; stability; stabilization; toxic materials; toxicity; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An integrated framework for evaluating subsurface contamination remediation technologies AN - 50577640; 1999-067429 JF - Environmental Geosciences AU - Regens, James L AU - Hodges, Donald G AU - Wilkey, Patrick L AU - Zimmerman, Eric AU - Armstrong, Anthony Q AU - Kelley, Linda AU - Hall, Timothy A AU - Hughes, Eugene A Y1 - 1999/06// PY - 1999 DA - June 1999 SP - 82 EP - 89 PB - Blackwell Science, Cambridge, MA VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1075-9565, 1075-9565 KW - United States KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - technology KW - Illinois KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - Chicago Illinois KW - water treatment KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - trichloroethylene KW - geochemistry KW - Cook County Illinois KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50577640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geosciences&rft.atitle=An+integrated+framework+for+evaluating+subsurface+contamination+remediation+technologies&rft.au=Regens%2C+James+L%3BHodges%2C+Donald+G%3BWilkey%2C+Patrick+L%3BZimmerman%2C+Eric%3BArmstrong%2C+Anthony+Q%3BKelley%2C+Linda%3BHall%2C+Timothy+A%3BHughes%2C+Eugene+A&rft.aulast=Regens&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geosciences&rft.issn=10759565&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/ege LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chicago Illinois; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Cook County Illinois; decontamination; environmental analysis; geochemistry; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; Illinois; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; soil treatment; soils; technology; trichloroethylene; United States; water treatment ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Results of Small-Scale Tests for Removing Mercury from ORNL Process Wastewater AN - 17814416; 4855583 AB - Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) received a new National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit from the state of Tennessee in 1997. This permit reduced the limit for mercury in the effluent from the Process Wastewater Treatment Complex - Building 3608 (PWTC-3608) to 19 ppt for the monthly average, which is well below the current effluent concentration. The mercury limit is being appealed, so it is not currently being enforced, but experimental work is being done to determine if it is possible to meet this new limit. Various mercury sorbents were evaluated in small, continuous-flow columns. The first set of sorbent tests that were conducted at PWTC-3608 in August 1997 showed excellent mercury removal by the Forager Sponge, even at high flow rates. Subsequent tests, however, showed that the mercury removal by the Forager Sponge, even at high flow rates. Subsequent tests, however, showed that the mercury removal efficiency of the sorbents varied considerably over time, probably as a result of changes in the form of the mercury in the wastewater. A signficiant portion of the mercury in PWTC-3608 water was bound to small particles during the later tests, which made ther mercury less accessible to the sorbents. Chlorination of the water, which could convert the bouury to an ionic form, improved the performance of some of the sorbents. JF - Report Number: ORNL/TM-13763 AU - Taylor, P AU - Klasson, K Y1 - 1999/06/01/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Jun 01 SP - 20 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - DE00009041 KW - Flow KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Heavy metals KW - Mercury-197 KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Wastewater KW - Wastewater treatment plants (see also Sewage works) KW - Flow rates KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17814416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Taylor%2C+P%3BKlasson%2C+K&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Results+of+Small-Scale+Tests+for+Removing+Mercury+from+ORNL+Process+Wastewater&rft.title=Results+of+Small-Scale+Tests+for+Removing+Mercury+from+ORNL+Process+Wastewater&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Available from NTIS: 1-800-553-NTIS (USA); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; orders[at]ntis.fedworld.gov. NTIS Prices: PC A03/MF A01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tree responses to rising CO sub(2) in field experiments: implications for the future forest AN - 17376252; 4590399 AB - The need to assess the role of forests in the global cycling of carbon and how that role will change as the atmospheric concentration of CO sub(2) increases has spawned many experiments over a range of scales. Experiments using open-top chambers have been established at many sites to test whether the short-term responses of tree seedlings described in controlled environments would be sustained over several growing seasons under field conditions. Here we review the results of those experiments, using the framework of the interacting cycles of carbon, water and nutrients, because that is the framework of the ecosystem models that are being used to address the decades-long response of forests. JF - Plant, Cell & Environment AU - Norby, R J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Gunderson, CA AU - Johnson, D W AU - Ceulemans, R AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1059, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA, rjn@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/06// PY - 1999 DA - Jun 1999 SP - 683 EP - 714 VL - 22 IS - 6 SN - 0140-7791, 0140-7791 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental impact KW - Carbon cycle KW - Forests KW - Nutrients KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Seedlings KW - Carbon dioxide KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17376252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant%2C+Cell+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Tree+responses+to+rising+CO+sub%282%29+in+field+experiments%3A+implications+for+the+future+forest&rft.au=Norby%2C+R+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BGunderson%2C+CA%3BJohnson%2C+D+W%3BCeulemans%2C+R&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=683&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant%2C+Cell+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01407791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-3040.1999.00391.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forests; Nutrients; Carbon cycle; Carbon dioxide; Environmental impact; Seedlings; Atmospheric chemistry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00391.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of a metal-resistant inoculum in contaminated and pristine soils assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis AN - 17370702; 4570318 AB - Cesium, cadmium, cobalt, and strontium are four contaminants frequently found in soils at biotoxic levels. Introduction of certain nongenetically modified bacteria has been frequently suggested as a method for the immobilization of heavy metal contaminants in soil, thereby reducing runoff and bioavailability. In this study, we have used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to track the survival of five bacterial species added to soil microcosms with and without the addition of a mixture of these metals. The PCR primers targeted conserved regions of the 16S rDNA molecule present in all bacteria. The reaction products were shown to reflect the relative abundance of the bacteria both in mixtures of pure cultures and against a background of all the eubacterial species present in the soil following inoculation. Three of the species (Pseudomonas aeruginosa FRD-1, Shewanella putrifaciens 200, and Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough) decreased rapidly following inoculation into both soils. The proportion of Alcaligenes eutrophus CH34 remained at a constant level throughout the 8-week experiment in both soil treatments. Sphingomonas aromaticivorans B0695 showed toxic metal-dependent survival in that its relative abundance dropped rapidly in pristine soil but remained at approximately inoculation levels throughout the experiment in contaminated microcosms. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Stephen, J R AU - Chang, Y-J AU - Macnaughton, S J AU - Whitaker, S L AU - Hicks, CL AU - Leung, K T AU - Flemming, CA AU - White, D C AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA, milipids@aol.com Y1 - 1999/06// PY - 1999 DA - Jun 1999 SP - 1118 EP - 1123 VL - 18 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Desulfovibrio vulgaris KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - rRNA 16S gene KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Soil remediation KW - Heavy metals KW - Soil contamination KW - Immobilization KW - Soil microorganisms KW - A 01047:General KW - A 01056:Mineral microbiology KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17370702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Fate+of+a+metal-resistant+inoculum+in+contaminated+and+pristine+soils+assessed+by+denaturing+gradient+gel+electrophoresis&rft.au=Stephen%2C+J+R%3BChang%2C+Y-J%3BMacnaughton%2C+S+J%3BWhitaker%2C+S+L%3BHicks%2C+CL%3BLeung%2C+K+T%3BFlemming%2C+CA%3BWhite%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Stephen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heavy metals; Soil contamination; Soil remediation; Soil microorganisms; Immobilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An easy colorimetric assay for screening and qualitative assessment of deiodination and dehalogenation by bacterial cultures AN - 17316552; 4586974 AB - Halogenated organic substances are among the main environmental concerns. A number of micro-organisms are able to dehalogenate these compounds. However, the methods for the assessment of micro-organismal ability to dehalogenate are expensive and require complex instrumentation. Here, an easy colorimetric assay for the screening and assessment of the ability of bacterial cultures to deiodinate, and potentially dehalogenate, chemical substances is proposed. The method is based on the oxidation of iodide, released due to biotransformation, to iodine followed by a subsequent detection of iodine by a classical reaction with starch. JF - Letters in Applied Microbiology AU - Kuritz, T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS-6194, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, kuritzt@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/06// PY - 1999 DA - Jun 1999 SP - 445 EP - 447 VL - 28 IS - 6 SN - 0266-8254, 0266-8254 KW - deiodination KW - starch KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Transformation KW - Colorimetry KW - Cell culture KW - Dehalogenation KW - Bacteria KW - Microorganisms KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - J 02705:Others KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17316552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=An+easy+colorimetric+assay+for+screening+and+qualitative+assessment+of+deiodination+and+dehalogenation+by+bacterial+cultures&rft.au=Kuritz%2C+T&rft.aulast=Kuritz&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=445&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=02668254&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2672.1999.00538.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell culture; Colorimetry; Dehalogenation; Transformation; Microorganisms; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00538.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Allometric Models for Interspecies Extrapolation of Wildlife Toxicity Data AN - 1439231351; 18619095 AB - Abstract not Available JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Sample, B E AU - Arenal, CA AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Post Office Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA , US Y1 - 1999/06// PY - 1999 DA - Jun 1999 SP - 653 EP - 663 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 62 IS - 6 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Toxicity KW - H 14000:Toxicology KW - X:24360 KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & ENAironmental Safety KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1439231351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Allometric+Models+for+Interspecies+Extrapolation+of+Wildlife+Toxicity+Data&rft.au=Sample%2C+B+E%3BArenal%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Sample&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs001289900924 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Toxicity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001289900924 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluid flow imaging by means of wide-band diffraction tomography. AN - 85299456; pmid-10335623 AB - The problem of reconstructing a two-dimensional distribution of fluid flow from wide-band scattering measurements is considered. Reciprocal scattering measurements are employed, meaning that scattered waves are recorded between a source and receiver, and again with the source and receiver interchanged. As shown, such measurements allow the reconstruction of a fluid flow image separate from that of a distribution of stationary acoustic velocity inhomogeneities. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Norton, S J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-6200, USA. Y1 - 1999/05// PY - 1999 DA - May 1999 SP - 2717 EP - 2721 VL - 105 IS - 5 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Ultrasonics KW - Time Factors KW - Acoustics KW - Tomography KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85299456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Fluid+flow+imaging+by+means+of+wide-band+diffraction+tomography.&rft.au=Norton%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Norton&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2717&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-15 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea mutagenesis of a 6- to 11-cM subregion of the Fah-Hbb interval of mouse chromosome 7: Completed testing of 4557 gametes and deletion mapping and complementation analysis of 31 mutations. AN - 69726194; 10224267 AB - An interval of mouse chromosome (Chr) 7 surrounding the albino (Tyr; c) locus, and corresponding to a long 6- to 11-cM Tyr deletion, has been the target of a large-scale mutagenesis screen with the chemical supermutagen N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU). A segment of Chr 7, from a mutagenized genome bred from ENU-treated males, was made hemizygous opposite the long deletion for recognition and recovery of new recessive mutations that map within the albino deletion complex. Over 6000 pedigrees were analyzed, and 4557 of these were completely tested for mutations specifying both lethal and gross visible phenotypes. Thirty-one nonclustered mutations were identified and assigned to 10 complementation groups by pairwise trans-complementation crosses. Deletion-mapping analyses, using the extensive series of radiation-induced Tyr deletions, placed the loci defined by each of these complementation groups into defined intervals of the Tyr-region deletion map, which facilitates the identification of each locus on physical and transcription maps of the region. These mutations identified seven new loci and provided new ENU-induced alleles at three previously defined loci. Interestingly, no mutations were recovered that recapitulated three phenotypes defined by analysis of homozygous or partially complementing albino deletions. On the basis of our experience with this screen, we discuss a number of issues (e.g., locus mutability, failure to saturate, number of gametes to screen, allelic series) of concern when application of chemical mutagenesis screens to megabase regions of the mouse genome is considered. JF - Genetics AU - Rinchik, E M AU - Carpenter, D A AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-8077, USA. rinchikem@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/05// PY - 1999 DA - May 1999 SP - 373 EP - 383 VL - 152 IS - 1 SN - 0016-6731, 0016-6731 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Mutagens KW - Ethylnitrosourea KW - P8M1T4190R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Genetic Variation KW - Homozygote KW - DNA Mutational Analysis -- methods KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Chromosome Mapping KW - Mutagenesis KW - Models, Genetic KW - Genetic Complementation Test KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Crosses, Genetic KW - Mutation KW - Male KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Mutagens -- pharmacology KW - Ethylnitrosourea -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69726194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genetics&rft.atitle=N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea+mutagenesis+of+a+6-+to+11-cM+subregion+of+the+Fah-Hbb+interval+of+mouse+chromosome+7%3A+Completed+testing+of+4557+gametes+and+deletion+mapping+and+complementation+analysis+of+31+mutations.&rft.au=Rinchik%2C+E+M%3BCarpenter%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Rinchik&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.volume=152&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genetics&rft.issn=00166731&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-07-12 N1 - Date created - 1999-07-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Embryol Exp Morphol. 1976 Oct;36(2):363-71 [1033984] Mamm Genome. 1998 Apr;9(4):269-73 [9530621] Cell. 1979 Feb;16(2):225-37 [36985] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Nov;76(11):5818-9 [293686] Genet Res. 1980 Feb;35(1):33-44 [6778775] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Oct;82(19):6619-21 [3863118] J Pediatr. 1986 Aug;109(2):231-41 [3016222] Development. 1988 Jan;102(1):45-53 [3416773] Development. 1989 Jan;105(1):175-82 [2806116] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Feb;87(3):896-900 [2300582] Trends Genet. 1991 Jan;7(1):15-21 [2003334] Genomics. 1992 Oct;14(2):275-87 [1427844] Mamm Genome. 1993;4(7):349-53 [8358168] Genetics. 1993 Dec;135(4):1107-16 [8307326] Genetics. 1993 Dec;135(4):1117-23 [8307327] Development. 1994 May;120(5):1335-46 [8026341] Bioessays. 1992 Dec;14(12):831-9 [1365899] Mamm Genome. 1995 Feb;6(2):70-5 [7767008] Development. 1995 Feb;121(2):273-85 [7768172] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jul 3;92(14):6394-8 [7604002] Genomics. 1995 Jun 10;27(3):447-56 [7558026] Mamm Genome. 1995 Jul;6(7):474-5 [7579891] Nature. 1995 Dec 14;378(6558):720-4 [7501018] Nat Genet. 1997 Mar;15(3):285-8 [9054943] Blood. 1997 Sep 1;90(5):1850-7 [9292517] Genetics. 1997 Oct;147(2):787-99 [9335613] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Feb 3;95(3):1114-9 [9448294] J Reprod Fertil. 1978 Jul;53(2):197-202 [690964] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of in vivo background in phoswich lung count spectra. AN - 69683581; 10201566 AB - Phoswich scintillation counters are used to detect actinides deposited in the lungs. The resulting spectra, however, contain Compton background from the decay of 40K, which occurs naturally in the striated muscle tissue of the body. To determine the counts due to actinides in a lung count spectrum, the counts due to 40K scatter must first be subtracted out. The 40K background in the phoswich NaI(TI) spectrum was predicted from an energy region of interest called the monitor region (95-129 keV), which is above the 238Pu region (11-32 keV) and the 241Am region (40-82 keV), where photopeaks from 238Pu and 241Am occur. Empirical models were developed to predict the backgrounds in the 238Pu and 241Am regions by testing multiple linear and nonlinear regression models. The initial multiple regression models contain a monitor region variable as well as the variables gender, (weight/height)alpha, and interaction terms. Data were collected from 64 male and 63 female subjects with no internal exposure. For the 238Pu region, the only significant predictor was found to be the monitor region. For the 241Am region, the monitor region was found to have the greatest effect on prediction, while gender was significant only when weight/height was included in a model. Gender-specific models were thus developed. The empirical models for the 241Am region that contain weight/height were shown to have the best coefficients of determination (R2) and the lowest mean squares for error (MSE). JF - Health physics AU - Richards, N W AD - Office of Radiation Protection, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6105, USA. Y1 - 1999/05// PY - 1999 DA - May 1999 SP - 524 EP - 531 VL - 76 IS - 5 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Actinoid Series Elements KW - 0 KW - Potassium Radioisotopes KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Lung KW - Humans KW - Linear Models KW - Scintillation Counting -- instrumentation KW - Body Mass Index KW - Male KW - Female KW - Radiation Monitoring -- methods KW - Background Radiation KW - Radiation Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69683581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+in+vivo+background+in+phoswich+lung+count+spectra.&rft.au=Richards%2C+N+W&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=524&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-04-27 N1 - Date created - 1999-04-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O system; I, Experimental determination of volumetric properties at 400 degrees C, 10-100 MPa AN - 52455131; 1999-051989 AB - Densities (pi ) and excess molar volumes (V (super ex) ) for CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O mixtures at 0.1 X (sub CO2) (mole fraction) intervals for 9.94 to 99.93 MPa at 400 degrees C are reported, for developing a thermodynamic data base for binary and ternary mixtures in the system CO (sub 2) -CH (sub 4) -N (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O. Densities for supercritical CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O fluids for these conditions range from vapour-like at P below the critical isochore for pure H (sub 2) O (pi (sub min) 0.05005 g/cm (super 3) ) to liquid-like at 100 MPa (pi (sub max) 0.65133 g/cm (super 3) ). V (super ex) for mixtures are continuously positive, increasing sharply from 0 MPa to maximum values near 30 MPa, above which V (super ex) decreases rapidly with increasing P. V (super ex) vs X (sub CO2) values are nearly symmetric < 10 MPa but become strongly asymmetric towards H (sub 2) O above 10 MPa. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Seitz, Jeffery C AU - Blencoe, James G Y1 - 1999/05// PY - 1999 DA - May 1999 SP - 1559 EP - 1569 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 63 IS - 10 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - density KW - physicochemical properties KW - fluid phase KW - high pressure KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - phase equilibria KW - volume KW - geochemistry KW - instruments KW - high temperature KW - P-T conditions KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52455131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+CO+%28sub+2%29+-H+%28sub+2%29+O+system%3B+I%2C+Experimental+determination+of+volumetric+properties+at+400+degrees+C%2C+10-100+MPa&rft.au=Seitz%2C+Jeffery+C%3BBlencoe%2C+James+G&rft.aulast=Seitz&rft.aufirst=Jeffery&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1559&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2899%2900050-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; density; experimental studies; fluid phase; geochemistry; high pressure; high temperature; instruments; laboratory studies; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; physicochemical properties; pressure; temperature; volume; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00050-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The solubility of zinc oxide in 0.03 m NaTr as a function of temperature, with in situ pH measurement AN - 52453477; 1999-051990 AB - This is the second of a series aimed at providing thermodynamic parameters for aqueous species of Zn, the first dealing with the thermodynamic properties of Zn (super 2+) and its complexation with chloride and sulphate. Here the solubility of zincite is reported, measured over a large range of pH and T at 0.03 mol/kg (NaTr) ionic strength, and in alkaline media at 0.03 mol/kg (NaOH), (NaTr being Na trifluoromethanesulphonate). The system is reversible thermodynamically. A least-squares regression of the results obtained for these ionic strengths was used to determine the molal solubility products of zincite, which were extrapolated to infinite dilution allowing calculation of the thermodynamic properties of Zn aqueous species. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Benezeth, Pascale AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Wesolowski, David J Y1 - 1999/05// PY - 1999 DA - May 1999 SP - 1571 EP - 1586 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 63 IS - 10 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - zinc KW - hydrolysis KW - aqueous solutions KW - zinc oxides KW - temperature KW - laboratory studies KW - theoretical studies KW - inductively coupled plasma spectra KW - phase equilibria KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - thermodynamic properties KW - synthesis KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate KW - statistical analysis KW - electrolytes KW - solubility KW - atomic absorption spectra KW - least-squares analysis KW - saturation KW - metals KW - regression analysis KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52453477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+solubility+of+zinc+oxide+in+0.03+m+NaTr+as+a+function+of+temperature%2C+with+in+situ+pH+measurement&rft.au=Benezeth%2C+Pascale%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Benezeth&rft.aufirst=Pascale&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1571&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2899%2900109-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; atomic absorption spectra; electrolytes; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydrolysis; in situ; inductively coupled plasma spectra; laboratory studies; least-squares analysis; metals; oxides; pH; phase equilibria; regression analysis; saturation; sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate; solubility; spectra; statistical analysis; synthesis; temperature; theoretical studies; thermodynamic properties; zinc; zinc oxides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00109-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NOAA proposes new nautical charts AN - 51203463; 2000-061766 JF - GeoWorld AU - Dobson, Jerry Y1 - 1999/05// PY - 1999 DA - May 1999 SP - 30 EP - 31 PB - Adams Business Media, Arlington Heights, IL VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 1528-6274, 1528-6274 KW - high-resolution methods KW - digital data KW - shallow-water environment KW - nautical charts KW - government agencies KW - Intracoastal Waters KW - photography KW - photo mosaic KW - geographic information systems KW - digital orthophoto imagery KW - marine environment KW - NOAA KW - coastal environment KW - information systems KW - seasonal variations KW - remote sensing KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51203463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GeoWorld&rft.atitle=NOAA+proposes+new+nautical+charts&rft.au=Dobson%2C+Jerry&rft.aulast=Dobson&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GeoWorld&rft.issn=15286274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coastal environment; digital data; digital orthophoto imagery; geographic information systems; government agencies; high-resolution methods; information systems; Intracoastal Waters; marine environment; nautical charts; NOAA; photo mosaic; photography; remote sensing; seasonal variations; shallow-water environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water adsorption AN - 50869756; 2008-095935 JF - DOE/ID Report AU - Gruszkiewicz, Miroslaw S AU - Horita, Juske AU - Simonson, J Michael AU - Mesmer, Robert E AU - Reed, Marshall Y1 - 1999/05// PY - 1999 DA - May 1999 SP - 3.35 EP - 3.38 PB - U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, Washington, DC KW - United States KW - grain size KW - injection KW - water vapor KW - porous materials KW - capillarity KW - adsorption KW - preferential flow KW - porosity KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - California KW - geothermal fields KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - The Geysers KW - water-rock interaction KW - energy sources KW - reservoir properties KW - high temperature KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50869756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DOE%2FID+Report&rft.atitle=Water+adsorption&rft.au=Gruszkiewicz%2C+Miroslaw+S%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BSimonson%2C+J+Michael%3BMesmer%2C+Robert+E%3BReed%2C+Marshall&rft.aulast=Gruszkiewicz&rft.aufirst=Miroslaw&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3.35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=DOE%2FID+Report&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06452 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; California; capillarity; energy sources; geothermal fields; geothermal reservoirs; grain size; high temperature; injection; porosity; porous materials; preferential flow; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; temperature; The Geysers; United States; water vapor; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemistry of aluminum in high temperature brines AN - 50868752; 2008-095930 JF - DOE/ID Report AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Benezeth, P AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Reed, Marshall Y1 - 1999/05// PY - 1999 DA - May 1999 SP - 3.7 EP - 3.11 PB - U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, Washington, DC KW - concentration KW - alteration KW - solubility KW - equilibrium KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - models KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - chemical reactions KW - energy sources KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - brines KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - permeability KW - high temperature KW - dynamic properties KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50868752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DOE%2FID+Report&rft.atitle=Geochemistry+of+aluminum+in+high+temperature+brines&rft.au=Palmer%2C+Donald+A%3BBenezeth%2C+P%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BReed%2C+Marshall&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3.7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=DOE%2FID+Report&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06452 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; aluminum; brines; chemical composition; chemical reactions; concentration; dynamic properties; energy sources; equilibrium; geochemistry; geothermal reservoirs; high temperature; kinetics; metals; models; permeability; reservoir rocks; solubility; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volatility of chlorides and the thermodynamics of brines during brine dryout AN - 50867252; 2008-095929 JF - DOE/ID Report AU - Simonson, J Michael AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Marshall, S L AU - Ho, P C AU - Gruszkiewicz, Miroslaw S AU - Reed, Marshall Y1 - 1999/05// PY - 1999 DA - May 1999 SP - 3.1 EP - 3.6 PB - U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, Washington, DC KW - United States KW - halides KW - halogens KW - water vapor KW - power plants KW - production KW - temperature KW - California KW - geothermal systems KW - energy sources KW - chloride ion KW - chlorides KW - thermodynamic properties KW - inorganic acids KW - pH KW - corrosion KW - chlorine KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - volatiles KW - wellhead protection KW - The Geysers KW - brines KW - hydrochloric acid KW - high temperature KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50867252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DOE%2FID+Report&rft.atitle=Volatility+of+chlorides+and+the+thermodynamics+of+brines+during+brine+dryout&rft.au=Simonson%2C+J+Michael%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BMarshall%2C+S+L%3BHo%2C+P+C%3BGruszkiewicz%2C+Miroslaw+S%3BReed%2C+Marshall&rft.aulast=Simonson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3.1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=DOE%2FID+Report&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06452 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; California; chloride ion; chlorides; chlorine; corrosion; energy sources; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal systems; halides; halogens; high temperature; hydrochloric acid; inorganic acids; pH; power plants; production; temperature; The Geysers; thermodynamic properties; United States; volatiles; water vapor; wellhead protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamics and phase relations of synthetic granite melts and associated aqueous fluids AN - 50864118; 2008-095925 JF - DOE/ID Report AU - Blencoe, J G AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Cole, David R AU - Horita, J AU - Reed, Marshall Y1 - 1999/05// PY - 1999 DA - May 1999 SP - 2.65 EP - 2.70 PB - U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, Washington, DC KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - phase transitions KW - aqueous solutions KW - stable isotopes KW - melts KW - plutonic rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - phase equilibria KW - energy sources KW - trace elements KW - thermodynamic properties KW - kinetics KW - P-T conditions KW - isotope ratios KW - haplogranite KW - silicate melts KW - magmatism KW - O-18/O-16 KW - solubility KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - D/H KW - magmas KW - hydrogen KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50864118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DOE%2FID+Report&rft.atitle=Thermodynamics+and+phase+relations+of+synthetic+granite+melts+and+associated+aqueous+fluids&rft.au=Blencoe%2C+J+G%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BHorita%2C+J%3BReed%2C+Marshall&rft.aulast=Blencoe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2.65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=DOE%2FID+Report&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06452 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; D/H; energy sources; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; granites; haplogranite; hydrogen; igneous rocks; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; magmas; magmatism; melts; models; O-18/O-16; oxygen; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; phase transitions; plutonic rocks; silicate melts; solubility; stable isotopes; thermodynamic properties; trace elements; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable isotope partitioning in brine-gas-mineral systems relevant to geothermal resources AN - 50863611; 2008-095931 JF - DOE/ID Report AU - Horita, Juske AU - Cole, David R AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Reed, Marshall Y1 - 1999/05// PY - 1999 DA - May 1999 SP - 3.13 EP - 3.18 PB - U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, Washington, DC KW - alteration KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - salinity KW - stable isotopes KW - carbon dioxide KW - partitioning KW - geothermal systems KW - oxides KW - sodium chloride KW - methane KW - gaseous phase KW - isotope ratios KW - solutes KW - O-18/O-16 KW - alkanes KW - equilibrium KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - geothermal energy KW - portlandite KW - geothermal fields KW - organic compounds KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - brines KW - hydrocarbons KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50863611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DOE%2FID+Report&rft.atitle=Stable+isotope+partitioning+in+brine-gas-mineral+systems+relevant+to+geothermal+resources&rft.au=Horita%2C+Juske%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BReed%2C+Marshall&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=Juske&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3.13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=DOE%2FID+Report&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - #06452 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; alteration; brines; carbon dioxide; D/H; equilibrium; gaseous phase; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal systems; hydrocarbons; hydrogen; hydrothermal conditions; isotope ratios; isotopes; methane; O-18/O-16; organic compounds; oxides; oxygen; partitioning; portlandite; salinity; sodium chloride; solutes; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occupational Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Results of Two Personal Exposure Studies AN - 17323782; 4590896 AB - Personal monitoring is a more accurate measure of individual exposure to airborne constituents because it incorporates human activity patterns and collects actual breathing zone samples to which subjects are exposed. Two recent studies conducted by our laboratory offer perspective on occupational exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) from a personal exposure standpoint. In a study of nearly 1600 workers, levels of ETS were lower than or comparable to those in earlier studies. Limits on smoking in designated areas also acted to reduce overall exposure of workers. In facilities where smoking is permitted, ETS exposures are 10 to 20 times greater than in facilities in which smoking is banned. Service workers were exposed to higher levels of ETS than workers in white-collar occupations. For the narrower occupational category of waiters, waitresses, and bartenders, a second study in one urban location indicated that ETS levels to which wait staff are exposed are not considerably different from those exposure levels of subjects in the larger study who work in environments in which smoking is unrestricted. Bartenders were exposed to higher ETS levels, but there is a distinction between bartenders working in smaller facilities and those working in multiroom restaurant bars, with the former exposed to higher levels of ETS than the latter. In addition, ETS levels encountered by these more highly exposed workers are lower that those estimated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Concomitant area monitoring in the smaller study suggests that area samples can only be used to estimate individual personal exposure to within an order of magnitude or greater. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Jenkins, R A AU - Counts, R W AD - MS 6120, Building 4500S, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Rd., X-10 Site, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA, jenkinsra@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/05// PY - 1999 DA - May 1999 SP - 341 EP - 348 VL - 107 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Laboratory testing KW - Passive smoking KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17323782?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Occupational+Exposure+to+Environmental+Tobacco+Smoke%3A+Results+of+Two+Personal+Exposure+Studies&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+R+A%3BCounts%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Occupational exposure; Risk assessment; Passive smoking; Laboratory testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Guidelines and Techniques for Improving the NEPA Process AN - 17222747; 4503023 AB - The Council on Environmental Quality's (CEQ's) principal aims in implementing the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) are (1) to reduce paperwork, (2) to avoid delay, and most importantly (3) to produce better decisions that protect, restore, and enhance the environment. This paper presents four strategies for improving the NEPA process along with tools that can be used to implement each strategy. The tools include guidelines for project management and problem definition, tips for acquiring existing information and identifying issues of public concern, worksheets on how to identify and analyze potential impacts on resources, ideas for enhancing NEPA documents, and a NEPA process checklist. The tools can be used at various stages of the NEPA process and provide a toolbox of guidelines and techniques to improve implementation of the NEPA process by focusing the pertinent information for decisionmakers and stakeholders. JF - Environmental Management AU - Salk AU - Tolbert, V R AU - Dickerman, JA AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6036, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA Y1 - 1999/05// PY - 1999 DA - May 1999 SP - 0467 EP - 0476 PB - Springer-Verlag VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - USA KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Government policies KW - Government policy KW - Environmental protection KW - National Environmental Policy Act KW - Legislation KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - D 04901:Legislation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17222747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Guidelines+and+Techniques+for+Improving+the+NEPA+Process&rft.au=Salk%3BTolbert%2C+V+R%3BDickerman%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Salk&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=0467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Legislation; National Environmental Policy Act; Environmental protection; Government policies; Government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bench- and pilot-scale studies relating to the removal of uranium from uranium-contaminated soils using carbonate and citrate lixiviants. AN - 69842363; 10379031 AB - Development of the nuclear industry has resulted in soil becoming contaminated with uranium from a variety of sources. To avoid the disposal of these soils in conventional low-level radwaste burial sites, a technology is needed to extract/leach and concentrate uranium in soil into small volumes of an acceptable waste form and returning the soil to its original place. Two lixiviants, carbonate and citrate, were evaluated as to their ability to extract uranium from soil in a soil washing engineering process. The objective was to use a washing/extracting process to selectively remove the uranium from soil without seriously degrading the soil's physicochemical characteristics or generating a secondary waste form that is difficult to manage and/or dispose. Both carbonate and citric acid lixiviants were observed to be effective extractants to remove uranium from the soils tested. Carbonate, because of the its ability to be recycled and its tendency to be more selective for uranium, is preferred for most soils. A major obstacle for using citric acid as well as mineral-based acids is their generation of waste streams from which it is difficult to remove uranium and manage (and dispose of any residual waste water sludges) in an environmentally acceptable manner. The removal of uranium was examined for three soils sampled from two US Department of Energy sites. Two soils were from the facility formerly called the Feed Materials Production Center at Fernald, Ohio and the other soil was from the Oak Ridge Tennessee Y-12 Plant. In the bench-scale studies, general relationships, such as the effect of carbonate and citrate concentrations, pH, the presence of oxidants, such as KMnO4, temperature, and extraction time were investigated. The best pilot-scale treatment consisted of three successive extractions with 0.25 M carbonate-bicarbonate (in presence of KMnO4 as an oxidant) at 40 degrees C followed with two water rinses. JF - Journal of hazardous materials AU - Francis, C W AU - Timpson, M E AU - Wilson, J H AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA. chetfrancis@compuserve.com Y1 - 1999/04/23/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Apr 23 SP - 67 EP - 87 VL - 66 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Carbonates KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Citric Acid KW - 2968PHW8QP KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Index Medicus KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Humans KW - Tennessee KW - Pilot Projects KW - Water Purification -- methods KW - Ohio KW - Decontamination -- methods KW - Carbonates -- chemistry KW - Citric Acid -- chemistry KW - Uranium -- chemistry KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69842363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.atitle=Bench-+and+pilot-scale+studies+relating+to+the+removal+of+uranium+from+uranium-contaminated+soils+using+carbonate+and+citrate+lixiviants.&rft.au=Francis%2C+C+W%3BTimpson%2C+M+E%3BWilson%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Francis&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1999-04-23&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-07-08 N1 - Date created - 1999-07-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radioimmunotherapy of micrometastases in lung with vascular targeted 213Bi. AN - 69857458; 10389994 AB - A model system has been used to test the efficacy of vascular targeting of alpha-particle emitter 213Bi for therapy of small, 'artificial' metastases in mouse lung. Specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) 201 B was used to deliver greater than 30% of the injected dose to lung where tumours had developed due to intravenous injection of cells. Specific 213Bi-mAb 201B treatment of BALB/c mammary carcinoma EMT-6 tumours in lung resulted in a dose-dependent destruction of tumours and an extended lifespan of treated animals relative to controls. Significant reduction of lung tumour burden was noted in animals treated with 0.93 MBq injected dose or as little as 14 Gy absorbed dose to the lung. Animals treated with higher doses (2.6-6.7 MBq) had nearly complete cure of lung tumours but eventually died of lung fibrosis induced by the treatment. Four other tumour cell types were studied: murine Line 1 lung carcinomas in syngeneic BALB/c mice, rat IC-12 tracheal carcinoma growing in severe combined immune deficient (SCID) mice, and two human tumours--epidermoid carcinoma A431 and lung carcinoma A549--growing in SCID mice. In all cases, the number of lung tumour colonies was reduced in animals treated with specific, labelled mAb relative to those in animals treated with control 213Bi MAb or EDTA complexed 213Bi. Tumours treated in immunodeficient SCID mice were partially destroyed or at least retarded in growth, but ultimately regrew and proved fatal, indicating that an intact immune function is necessary for complete cure. The data show that the short-lived alpha-particle emitter 213Bi can be effectively targeted to lung blood vessels and that tumour cells growing in the lung are killed. The mechanism may involve direct killing of tumour cells from alpha-particle irradiation, killing through destruction of blood supply to the tumour, or a combination of the two. JF - British journal of cancer AU - Kennel, S J AU - Boll, R AU - Stabin, M AU - Schuller, H M AU - Mirzadeh, S AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6101, USA. Y1 - 1999/04// PY - 1999 DA - April 1999 SP - 175 EP - 184 VL - 80 IS - 1-2 SN - 0007-0920, 0007-0920 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Radioisotopes KW - Radiopharmaceuticals KW - Bismuth KW - U015TT5I8H KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Neoplasm Transplantation KW - Animals KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Neoplasm Metastasis KW - Mice KW - Microcirculation KW - Mice, SCID KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- therapeutic use KW - Radioimmunotherapy KW - Lung Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Lung Neoplasms -- blood supply KW - Bismuth -- therapeutic use KW - Lung Neoplasms -- secondary KW - Radioisotopes -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69857458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+journal+of+cancer&rft.atitle=Radioimmunotherapy+of+micrometastases+in+lung+with+vascular+targeted+213Bi.&rft.au=Kennel%2C+S+J%3BBoll%2C+R%3BStabin%2C+M%3BSchuller%2C+H+M%3BMirzadeh%2C+S&rft.aulast=Kennel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-04-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=British+journal+of+cancer&rft.issn=00070920&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-07-07 N1 - Date created - 1999-07-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Lab Invest. 1977 Jan;36(1):26-32 [830993] Cancer Res. 1975 Jan;35(1):242-4 [1109793] Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1987 Nov;13(11):1767-73 [3667382] Lab Invest. 1988 Nov;59(5):692-701 [2460698] Cancer Res. 1989 Nov 15;49(22):6214-20 [2478282] Int J Rad Appl Instrum B. 1990;17(2):193-200 [1692818] Cancer Res. 1992 Oct 15;52(20):5818-20 [1394209] Cancer Res. 1992 Nov 1;52(21):6036-44 [1394228] Nature. 1993 Apr 29;362(6423):841-4 [7683111] Radiat Res. 1993 Dec;136(3):373-81 [8278579] Cancer Res. 1994 Sep 1;54(17):4719-25 [8062270] Pharmacol Ther. 1994 Oct;64(1):155-74 [7846113] Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1995;35(6):447-56 [7882453] J Pediatr Surg. 1995 Feb;30(2):325-9; discussion 329-30 [7738759] Cancer Res. 1995 Jun 15;55(12):2673-80 [7780984] Nature. 1996 Mar 28;380(6572):364-6 [8598934] Cancer Res. 1996 Sep 1;56(17):4032-9 [8752175] Cancer Res. 1996 Dec 15;56(24):5647-52 [8971170] Science. 1997 Jan 24;275(5299):547-50 [8999802] Cell. 1997 Jan 24;88(2):277-85 [9008168] Nucl Med Biol. 1998 Apr;25(3):241-6 [9620629] Clin Cancer Res. 1995 Dec;1(12):1623-34 [9815965] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1972 Sep;49(3):735-49 [4647494] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1973 Nov;51(5):1417-23 [4357758] Carcinogenesis. 1987 Jan;8(1):145-50 [3802388] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory evaluation of in situ chemical oxidation for groundwater remediation, Test Area North, Operable Unit 1-07b, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory; Volume Four, Appendix G AN - 51777095; 2005-000820 JF - ORNL-TM (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) AU - Cline, S R AU - Denton, D L AU - Giaquinto, J M AU - McCracken, M K AU - Starr, R C Y1 - 1999/04// PY - 1999 DA - April 1999 SP - 207 PB - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN SN - 0149-5526, 0149-5526 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - Idaho KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - INEEL KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical properties KW - nuclear facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51777095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Cline%2C+S+R%3BDenton%2C+D+L%3BGiaquinto%2C+J+M%3BMcCracken%2C+M+K%3BStarr%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Cline&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Laboratory+evaluation+of+in+situ+chemical+oxidation+for+groundwater+remediation%2C+Test+Area+North%2C+Operable+Unit+1-07b%2C+Idaho+National+Engineering+and+Environmental+Laboratory%3B+Volume+Four%2C+Appendix+G&rft.title=Laboratory+evaluation+of+in+situ+chemical+oxidation+for+groundwater+remediation%2C+Test+Area+North%2C+Operable+Unit+1-07b%2C+Idaho+National+Engineering+and+Environmental+Laboratory%3B+Volume+Four%2C+Appendix+G&rft.issn=01495526&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number DE00008180NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - TN N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC05-96OR22464 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ORTMDZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chemical properties; concentration; experimental studies; ground water; Idaho; in situ; INEEL; laboratory studies; monitoring; nuclear facilities; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; remediation; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory evaluation of in situ chemical oxidation for groundwater remediation, Test Area North, Operable Unit 1-07b, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory; Volume One, main text and appendices A and B AN - 51776023; 2005-000838 AB - The laboratory investigation was performed to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing in situ chemical oxidation for remediating the secondary source of groundwater contaminants at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) Test Area North (TAN) Site. The study involved trichloroethene (TCE) contaminated media (groundwater, soil, and sludge) from TAN. The effectiveness of the selected oxidant, potassium permanganate (KMn0(sub4)), was evaluated at multipel oxidant and contaminant concentrations. Experiments were performed to determine the oxidant demand of each medium and the rate of TCE oxidation. The experiments were performed under highly controlled conditions (gas-tight reactors, constant 12C temperature). Multiple parametes were monitored over time including MN0 (sub 4) and TCE concentrations and pH. JF - ORNL-TM (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) AU - Cline, S R AU - Denton, D L AU - Giaquinto, J M AU - McCracken, M K AU - Starr, R C Y1 - 1999/04// PY - 1999 DA - April 1999 SP - 325 PB - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN SN - 0149-5526, 0149-5526 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - trichloroethane KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - pH KW - Idaho KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - INEEL KW - organic compounds KW - nuclear facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51776023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Cline%2C+S+R%3BDenton%2C+D+L%3BGiaquinto%2C+J+M%3BMcCracken%2C+M+K%3BStarr%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Cline&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Laboratory+evaluation+of+in+situ+chemical+oxidation+for+groundwater+remediation%2C+Test+Area+North%2C+Operable+Unit+1-07b%2C+Idaho+National+Engineering+and+Environmental+Laboratory%3B+Volume+One%2C+main+text+and+appendices+A+and+B&rft.title=Laboratory+evaluation+of+in+situ+chemical+oxidation+for+groundwater+remediation%2C+Test+Area+North%2C+Operable+Unit+1-07b%2C+Idaho+National+Engineering+and+Environmental+Laboratory%3B+Volume+One%2C+main+text+and+appendices+A+and+B&rft.issn=01495526&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number DE00008068NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - TN N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC05-96OR22464 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ORTMDZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chemical properties; chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; experimental studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Idaho; in situ; INEEL; laboratory studies; monitoring; nuclear facilities; organic compounds; oxidation; pH; pollutants; pollution; remediation; trichloroethane; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory evaluation of in situ chemical oxidation for groundwater remediation, Test Area North, Operable Unit 1-07b, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory; Volume Two, Appendices C, D, and E AN - 51775239; 2005-000818 JF - ORNL-TM (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) AU - Cline, S R AU - Denton, D L AU - Giaquinto, J M AU - McCracken, M K AU - Starr, R C Y1 - 1999/04// PY - 1999 DA - April 1999 SP - 322 PB - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN SN - 0149-5526, 0149-5526 KW - United States KW - Idaho KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - INEEL KW - nuclear facilities KW - chemical composition KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51775239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Cline%2C+S+R%3BDenton%2C+D+L%3BGiaquinto%2C+J+M%3BMcCracken%2C+M+K%3BStarr%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Cline&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Laboratory+evaluation+of+in+situ+chemical+oxidation+for+groundwater+remediation%2C+Test+Area+North%2C+Operable+Unit+1-07b%2C+Idaho+National+Engineering+and+Environmental+Laboratory%3B+Volume+Two%2C+Appendices+C%2C+D%2C+and+E&rft.title=Laboratory+evaluation+of+in+situ+chemical+oxidation+for+groundwater+remediation%2C+Test+Area+North%2C+Operable+Unit+1-07b%2C+Idaho+National+Engineering+and+Environmental+Laboratory%3B+Volume+Two%2C+Appendices+C%2C+D%2C+and+E&rft.issn=01495526&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number DE00008071NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - TN N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC05-96OR22464 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ORTMDZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chemical composition; concentration; ground water; Idaho; in situ; INEEL; monitoring; nuclear facilities; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil treatment; United States; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory evaluation of in situ chemical oxidation for groundwater remediation, Test Area North, Operable Unit 1-07b, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory; Volume Three, Appendix F AN - 51774146; 2005-000819 JF - ORNL-TM (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) AU - Cline, S R AU - Denton, D L AU - Giaquinto, J M AU - McCracken, M K AU - Starr, R C Y1 - 1999/04// PY - 1999 DA - April 1999 SP - 264 PB - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN SN - 0149-5526, 0149-5526 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - Idaho KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - INEEL KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical properties KW - nuclear facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51774146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Cline%2C+S+R%3BDenton%2C+D+L%3BGiaquinto%2C+J+M%3BMcCracken%2C+M+K%3BStarr%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Cline&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Laboratory+evaluation+of+in+situ+chemical+oxidation+for+groundwater+remediation%2C+Test+Area+North%2C+Operable+Unit+1-07b%2C+Idaho+National+Engineering+and+Environmental+Laboratory%3B+Volume+Three%2C+Appendix+F&rft.title=Laboratory+evaluation+of+in+situ+chemical+oxidation+for+groundwater+remediation%2C+Test+Area+North%2C+Operable+Unit+1-07b%2C+Idaho+National+Engineering+and+Environmental+Laboratory%3B+Volume+Three%2C+Appendix+F&rft.issn=01495526&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number DE00008179NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - TN N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC05-96OR22464 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ORTMDZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chemical properties; concentration; experimental studies; ground water; Idaho; in situ; INEEL; laboratory studies; monitoring; nuclear facilities; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; remediation; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Net effect of forest harvest on CO sub(2) emissions to the atmosphere: a sensitivity analysis on the influence of time AN - 17526941; 4701519 AB - Forests can be harvested and regrown on a sustainable basis while harvested material is used to either store carbon in long-lived wood products or to displace carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel combustion. To frame the question whether this implies that harvesting forests is an effective strategy for mitigating the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, we use a carbon accounting model to ask how long it takes to return to the original carbon balance after a forest stand is clear-cut harvested for biofuels and other forest products. Although the numerical solution depends on a great variety of site-specific model input parameters, it is clear that the system will not return to its original carbon balance for a very long time (perhaps centuries) unless forest products are produced and used efficiently. Especially when the cycle of producing forest products involves initial harvest of a forest stand with a large standing stock of biomass, there is likely to be a long-standing debit in terms of net carbon emissions to the atmosphere. On the other hand, if forest harvest is produced and used with high efficiency and the rate of regrowth is high, potential carbon benefits can be very high over time and it is possible that there is never a carbon debit with respect to forest protection, even immediately following harvest. Any intent to use forest harvesting to help mitigate the buildup of carbon dioxide in the earth's atmosphere should be able to demonstrate that the forest regrowth and product use can compensate for the loss of carbon from the forest as a result of the initial harvest. JF - Tellus. Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology AU - Schlamadinger, B AU - Marland, G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA, bernhard.schlamadinger@joanneum.ac.at Y1 - 1999/04// PY - 1999 DA - Apr 1999 SP - 314 EP - 325 VL - 51B IS - 2 SN - 0280-6509, 0280-6509 KW - clear cutting KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Environmental impact KW - Emissions KW - Forests KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17526941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tellus.+Series+B%3A+Chemical+and+Physical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Net+effect+of+forest+harvest+on+CO+sub%282%29+emissions+to+the+atmosphere%3A+a+sensitivity+analysis+on+the+influence+of+time&rft.au=Schlamadinger%2C+B%3BMarland%2C+G&rft.aulast=Schlamadinger&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1999-04-01&rft.volume=51B&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=314&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tellus.+Series+B%3A+Chemical+and+Physical+Meteorology&rft.issn=02806509&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forests; Sulfur dioxide; Emissions; Environmental impact ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microcosm experiments have limited relevance for community and ecosystem ecology: Synthesis of comments AN - 17242699; 4524423 AB - There is general agreement that experiments are an essential tool in ecology, as in all sciences. However, there is much less agreement on the types and designs of experiments that are most useful for predicting the impacts of (and the solutions to) the complex, large-scale environmental problems that increasingly confront society. The continuing discussion of the appropriate role of aquatic microcosms exemplifies this disagreement, but essentially the same arguments are being waged over the study of biodiversity, ecosystem response to climate change, and probably in other subdisciplines of ecology, as well. JF - Ecology AU - Huston, MA AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA, mhu@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/04// PY - 1999 DA - Apr 1999 SP - 1088 EP - 1089 VL - 80 IS - 3 SN - 0012-9658, 0012-9658 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Lakes KW - Ecosystem analysis KW - Microcosms KW - D 04310:Freshwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17242699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=Microcosm+experiments+have+limited+relevance+for+community+and+ecosystem+ecology%3A+Synthesis+of+comments&rft.au=Huston%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Huston&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1999-04-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1088&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology&rft.issn=00129658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecosystem analysis; Lakes; Microcosms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Containment of a genetically engineered microorganism during a field bioremediation application AN - 17220131; 4502896 AB - A field release of a genetically engineered microorganism was performed at the Field Lysimeter Site on the Oak Ridge Reservation. Six large lysimeters were filled with soil that had been contaminated with a mixture of naphthalene, phenanthrene, and anthracene. A genetically engineered bacterial strain, Pseudomonas fluorescens HK44, was sprayed onto the surface of the soil during soil loading. This strain contains a fusion between the lux genes of Vibrio fischeri and the promoter for the lower pathway of naphthalene degradation, enabling the strain to become bioluminescent when it is degrading naphthalene. Release of the bacteria outside the lysimeters was monitored, using selective agar plates and one-stage Anderson air samplers. Although approximately 10 super(14) bacteria were sprayed during the loading process, escape was only detected sporadically; the highest incidence of bacterial escape was found when the relative humidity and wind speed were low. JF - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Ford, C Z AU - Sayler, G S AU - Burlage, R S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, RVX@ORNL.GOV Y1 - 1999/03/26/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Mar 26 SP - 397 EP - 400 PB - Springer-Verlag VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 0175-7598, 0175-7598 KW - anthracene KW - naphthalene KW - phenanthrene KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Bioremediation KW - Soil microorganisms KW - Soil KW - Pseudomonas fluorescens KW - Genetically engineered microorganisms KW - Genetic engineering KW - W2 32450:Soil microorganisms KW - A 01055:Other soil treatments KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17220131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Containment+of+a+genetically+engineered+microorganism+during+a+field+bioremediation+application&rft.au=Ford%2C+C+Z%3BSayler%2C+G+S%3BBurlage%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Ford&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1999-03-26&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=397&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01757598&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudomonas fluorescens; Genetically engineered microorganisms; Soil; Soil microorganisms; Genetic engineering; Bioremediation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two high-throughput techniques for determining wood properties as part of a molecular genetics analysis of hybrid poplar and loblolly pine AN - 856761103; 13857529 AB - Two new high-through put techniques, computer tomography X-ray densitometry (CT scan) and pyrolysis molecular beam mass spectrometry (pyMBMS), coupled with quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis, were tested as a means to overcome the time and cost associated with conventional characterization of biomass feedstock components. Applications of these two techniques were evaluated using hybrid poplar for the CT scan and loblolly pine for the pyMBMS. Segregating progeny from hybrid poplar varied in specific gravity, with individual mean estimates ranging from 0.21-0.41. Progeny from loblolly pine varied in lignin, a cellulose, and mannan contents, with individual mean estimates of lignin content ranging from 28.7-33.1%, a cellulose content from 28.8-43.5% and mannan content from 4.2-10.1%. QTL analysis of the loblolly pine data suggested that eleven QTLs were associated with individual feedstock characteristics and that two QTLs for several feedstock components were linked to the same position on the loblolly pine genetic map. Each QTL individually accounted for 7-13% of the total phenotypic variation in associated loblolly pine feedstock components. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Tuskan, Gerald AU - West, Darrell AU - Bradshaw, Harvey D AU - Neale, David AU - Sewell, Mitch AU - Wheeler, Nick AU - Megraw, Bob AU - Jech, Keith AU - Wiselogel, Art AU - Evans, Robert AU - Elam, Carolyn AU - Davis, Mark AU - Dinus, Ron AD - University of British Columbia, BC, Canada, gtk@ornl.gov gtk@ornl.gov gtk@ornl.gov gtk@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - Mar 1999 SP - 55 EP - 65 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 77 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Quantitative trait loci KW - Data processing KW - mannan KW - Genetic analysis KW - Cellulose KW - Biomass KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Pyrolysis KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Hybrids KW - Lignin KW - Computed tomography KW - Densitometry KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856761103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Two+high-throughput+techniques+for+determining+wood+properties+as+part+of+a+molecular+genetics+analysis+of+hybrid+poplar+and+loblolly+pine&rft.au=Tuskan%2C+Gerald%3BWest%2C+Darrell%3BBradshaw%2C+Harvey+D%3BNeale%2C+David%3BSewell%2C+Mitch%3BWheeler%2C+Nick%3BMegraw%2C+Bob%3BJech%2C+Keith%3BWiselogel%2C+Art%3BEvans%2C+Robert%3BElam%2C+Carolyn%3BDavis%2C+Mark%3BDinus%2C+Ron&rft.aulast=Tuskan&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A77%3A1-3%3A55 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Quantitative trait loci; Data processing; mannan; Cellulose; Genetic analysis; Biomass; Mass spectroscopy; Pyrolysis; Hybrids; Ionizing radiation; Computed tomography; Lignin; Densitometry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:77:1-3:55 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fermentation kinetics of ethanol production from glucose and xylose by recombinant Saccharomyces 1400(pLNH33) AN - 807284096; 13857535 AB - Fermentation kinetics of ethanol production from glucose, xylose, and their mixtures using a recombinant Saccharomyces 1400 (pLNH33) are reported. Single-substrate kinetics indicate that the specific growth rate of the yeast and the specific ethanol productivity on glucose as the substrate was greater than on xylose as a substrate. Ethanol yields from glucose and xylose fermentation were typically 95 and 80% of the theoretical yield, respectively. The effect of ethanol inhibition is more pronounced for xylose fermentation than for glucose fermentation. Studies on glucose-xylose mixtures indicate that the recombinant yeast co-ferments glucose and xylose. Fermentation of a 52.8 g/L glucose and 56.3 g/L xylose mixture gave an ethanol concentration of 47.9 g/L after 36 h. Based on a theoretical yield of 0.51 g ethanol/g sugars, the ethanol yield from this experiment (for data up to 24 h) was calculated to be 0.46 g ethanol/g sugar or 90% of the theoretical yield. The specific growth rate of the yeast on glucose-xylose mixtures was found to lie between the specific growth rate on glucose and the specific growth rate on xylose. Kinetic studies were used to develop a fermentation model incorporating the effects of substrate inhibition, product inhibition, and inoculum size. Good agreements were obtained between model predictions and experimental data from batch fermentation of glucose, xylose, and their mixtures. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Krishnan, Mahesh S AU - Ho, Nancy WY AU - Tsao, George T AD - Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, IN, Krishnanms@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - Mar 1999 SP - 373 EP - 388 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 78 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Growth rate KW - Sugar KW - Xylose KW - Data processing KW - Saccharomyces KW - Fermentation KW - Kinetics KW - Glucose KW - Inoculum KW - Ethanol KW - Models KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807284096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Fermentation+kinetics+of+ethanol+production+from+glucose+and+xylose+by+recombinant+Saccharomyces+1400%28pLNH33%29&rft.au=Krishnan%2C+Mahesh+S%3BHo%2C+Nancy+WY%3BTsao%2C+George+T&rft.aulast=Krishnan&rft.aufirst=Mahesh&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A78%3A1-3%3A373 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Sugar; Data processing; Xylose; Fermentation; Kinetics; Inoculum; Glucose; Models; Ethanol; Saccharomyces DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:78:1-3:373 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethanol production from corn starch in a fluidized-bed bioreactor AN - 807284055; 13857534 AB - The production of ethanol from industrial dry-milled corn starch was studied in a laboratory-scale fluidized-bed bioreactor using immobilized biocatalysts. Saccharification and fermentation were carried out either simultaneously or separately. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) experiments were performed using small, uniform -carrageenan beads (1.5-2.5 mm in diameter) of co-immobilized glucoamylase and Zymomonas mobilis. Dextrin feeds obtained by the hydrolysis of 15% drymilled corn starch were pumped through the bioreactor at residence times of 1.5-4h. Single-pass conversion of dextrins ranged from 54-89%, and ethanol concentrations of 23-36 g/L were obtained at volumetric productivities of 9-15 g/L-h. Very low levels of glucose were observed in the reactor, indicating that saccharification was the rate-limiting step. In separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) experiments, dextrin feed solutions of 150-160 g/L were first pumped through an immobilized-glucoamylase packed column. At 55C and a residence time of 1 h, greater than 95% conversion was obtained, giving product streams of 162-172 g glucose/L. These streams were then pumped through the fluidized-bed bioreactor containing immobilized Z. mobilis. At a residence time of 2 h, 94% conversion and ethanol concentration of 70 g/L were achieved, resulting in an overall process productivity of 23 g/L-h. Atresidence times of 1.5 and 1 h, conversions of 75 and 76%, ethanol concentrations of 49 and 47 g/L, and overall process productivities of 19 and 25 g/L-h, respectively, were achieved. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Krishnan, Mahesh S AU - Nghiem, Nhuan P AU - Davison, Brian H AD - Bioprocessing Research and Development Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831-6226, Oak Ridge, TN, ndp@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - Mar 1999 SP - 359 EP - 372 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 78 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Fermentation KW - Bioreactors KW - biocatalysts KW - dextrin KW - Glucose KW - Starch KW - Glucan 1,4-a-glucosidase KW - Streams KW - Hydrolysis KW - Zymomonas mobilis KW - Ethanol KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807284055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Ethanol+production+from+corn+starch+in+a+fluidized-bed+bioreactor&rft.au=Krishnan%2C+Mahesh+S%3BNghiem%2C+Nhuan+P%3BDavison%2C+Brian+H&rft.aulast=Krishnan&rft.aufirst=Mahesh&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A78%3A1-3%3A359 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fermentation; biocatalysts; Bioreactors; dextrin; Glucose; Glucan 1,4-a-glucosidase; Starch; Hydrolysis; Streams; Ethanol; Zymomonas mobilis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:78:1-3:359 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effective chemical mutagenesis in FVB/N mice requires low doses of ethylnitrosourea. AN - 69597648; 10051330 JF - Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society AU - Davis, A P AU - Woychik, R P AU - Justice, M J AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-8080, USA. Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 SP - 308 EP - 310 VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 0938-8990, 0938-8990 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Ethylnitrosourea KW - P8M1T4190R KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Mice, Transgenic KW - Male KW - Ethylnitrosourea -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Mutagenesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69597648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mammalian+genome+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Mammalian+Genome+Society&rft.atitle=Effective+chemical+mutagenesis+in+FVB%2FN+mice+requires+low+doses+of+ethylnitrosourea.&rft.au=Davis%2C+A+P%3BWoychik%2C+R+P%3BJustice%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=308&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mammalian+genome+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Mammalian+Genome+Society&rft.issn=09388990&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-03-26 N1 - Date created - 1999-03-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sudden climate transitions during the Quaternary AN - 52463109; 1999-045057 JF - Progress in Physical Geography AU - Adams, Jonathan AU - Maslin, Mark AU - Thomas, Ellen Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 SP - 1 EP - 36 PB - Edward Arnold Publishers, London VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0309-1333, 0309-1333 KW - last glacial maximum KW - lower Holocene KW - glaciation KW - mechanism KW - frequency KW - interstadial environment KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - deglaciation KW - climate change KW - bibliography KW - temperature KW - Heinrich events KW - upper Pleistocene KW - modern KW - Cenozoic KW - upper Weichselian KW - stadial environment KW - Weichselian KW - Eemian KW - glacial environment KW - greenhouse effect KW - Younger Dryas KW - climate KW - Quaternary KW - interglacial environment KW - global KW - cyclic processes KW - prediction KW - rates KW - effects KW - Neoglacial KW - Pleistocene KW - glacial geology KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52463109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+Physical+Geography&rft.atitle=Sudden+climate+transitions+during+the+Quaternary&rft.au=Adams%2C+Jonathan%3BMaslin%2C+Mark%3BThomas%2C+Ellen&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+Physical+Geography&rft.issn=03091333&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ppg.sagepub.com/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 167 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PGPHAX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bibliography; Cenozoic; climate; climate change; cyclic processes; deglaciation; Eemian; effects; frequency; glacial environment; glacial geology; glaciation; global; greenhouse effect; Heinrich events; Holocene; interglacial environment; interstadial environment; last glacial maximum; lower Holocene; mechanism; modern; Neoglacial; paleoclimatology; Pleistocene; prediction; Quaternary; rates; stadial environment; temperature; upper Pleistocene; upper Weichselian; Weichselian; Younger Dryas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ion irradiation effects in the zircon-structure orthosilicates AN - 52329851; 2000-058222 JF - Journal of Conference Abstracts AU - Meldrum, Alkiviathes AU - Boatner, Lynn AU - Zinkle, Steve AU - Ewing, Rod AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 SP - 642 EP - 643 PB - Cambridge Publications, Cambridge VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 1362-0886, 1362-0886 KW - silicates KW - irradiation KW - zirconium KW - phase transitions KW - crystal structure KW - ions KW - accessory minerals KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - hafnon KW - hafnium KW - orthosilicates KW - absolute age KW - applications KW - ceramic materials KW - zircon group KW - experimental studies KW - amorphous materials KW - radiation damage KW - thorite KW - zircon KW - TEM data KW - nesosilicates KW - models KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52329851?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Conference+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Ion+irradiation+effects+in+the+zircon-structure+orthosilicates&rft.au=Meldrum%2C+Alkiviathes%3BBoatner%2C+Lynn%3BZinkle%2C+Steve%3BEwing%2C+Rod%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Meldrum&rft.aufirst=Alkiviathes&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=642&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Conference+Abstracts&rft.issn=13620886&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - European Union of Geosciences Conference; EUG 10 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Terra Abstracts, Vol. 11 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; accessory minerals; amorphous materials; applications; ceramic materials; crystal structure; experimental studies; hafnium; hafnon; ions; irradiation; metals; models; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; phase transitions; radiation damage; radioactive waste; silicates; TEM data; temperature; thorite; waste disposal; zircon; zircon group; zirconium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On-site analysis of VOCs in water and soil by direct sampling ion trap mass spectrometry AN - 52289074; 2001-002112 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Wise, Marcus B AU - Thompson, Cyril V AU - Merriweather, R AU - Smith, Rob R AU - Guerin, Michael R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 EP - unpaginated PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 217 IS - Part 1 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - soils KW - in situ KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - capillarity KW - soil sampling KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - reagents KW - detection KW - sampling KW - volatile organic compounds KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52289074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=On-site+analysis+of+VOCs+in+water+and+soil+by+direct+sampling+ion+trap+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Wise%2C+Marcus+B%3BThompson%2C+Cyril+V%3BMerriweather%2C+R%3BSmith%2C+Rob+R%3BGuerin%2C+Michael+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wise&rft.aufirst=Marcus&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=217&rft.issue=Part+1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0841236720&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Chemical Society 217th national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - ANYL128 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillarity; chemical composition; detection; in situ; mass spectra; organic compounds; pollution; reagents; sampling; soil sampling; soils; spectra; surface water; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New digital geologic 7.5' quadrangle maps from part of the western Inner Piedmont of North Carolina AN - 52075743; 2002-063533 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bream, Brendan R AU - Hill, Joseph C AU - Giorgis, Scott D AU - Williams, Scott T AU - Hatcher, Robert D, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 SP - 7 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - North America KW - Inner Piedmont KW - data processing KW - Appalachians KW - mapping KW - Glenwood Quadrangle KW - Sugar Hill Quadrangle KW - areal geology KW - Marion East Quadrangle KW - North Carolina KW - Piedmont KW - 14:Geologic maps UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52075743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=New+digital+geologic+7.5%27+quadrangle+maps+from+part+of+the+western+Inner+Piedmont+of+North+Carolina&rft.au=Bream%2C+Brendan+R%3BHill%2C+Joseph+C%3BGiorgis%2C+Scott+D%3BWilliams%2C+Scott+T%3BHatcher%2C+Robert+D%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bream&rft.aufirst=Brendan&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 48th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachians; areal geology; data processing; Glenwood Quadrangle; Inner Piedmont; mapping; Marion East Quadrangle; North America; North Carolina; Piedmont; Sugar Hill Quadrangle; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulfur isotope variations in sphalerite from the Mascot-Jefferson City District, East Tennessee; a preliminary study with SIMS AN - 52068313; 2002-065288 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Peevler, Janna L AU - Misra, Kula C AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 SP - 59 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - mineral exploration KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - Mascot Tennessee KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - stable isotopes KW - variations KW - mississippi valley-type deposits KW - sampling KW - Tennessee KW - mineralization KW - Jefferson City Tennessee KW - spectra KW - mineral assemblages KW - Jefferson County Tennessee KW - isotope ratios KW - zinc ores KW - sphalerite KW - S-34/S-32 KW - epigene processes KW - metal ores KW - sulfur KW - pyrite KW - sulfides KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52068313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Sulfur+isotope+variations+in+sphalerite+from+the+Mascot-Jefferson+City+District%2C+East+Tennessee%3B+a+preliminary+study+with+SIMS&rft.au=Peevler%2C+Janna+L%3BMisra%2C+Kula+C%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Peevler&rft.aufirst=Janna&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 48th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - epigene processes; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jefferson City Tennessee; Jefferson County Tennessee; Mascot Tennessee; mass spectra; metal ores; mineral assemblages; mineral deposits, genesis; mineral exploration; mineralization; mississippi valley-type deposits; pyrite; S-34/S-32; sampling; spectra; sphalerite; stable isotopes; sulfides; sulfur; Tennessee; United States; variations; zinc ores ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transect through the Acadian Orogen in the Carolinas and NE Georgia AN - 52067583; 2002-063613 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hatcher, Robert D, Jr AU - Bream, Brendan R AU - Hill, Joseph C AU - Giorgis, Scott D AU - Williams, Scott T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 SP - 19 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - sequence stratigraphy KW - North America KW - South Carolina KW - Paleozoic KW - Inner Piedmont KW - thrust sheets KW - geotraverses KW - Appalachians KW - Acadian Phase KW - Cambrian KW - suture zones KW - lower Paleozoic KW - Acadian KW - North Carolina KW - Ashe Formation KW - Tallulah Falls Formation KW - tectonics KW - Piedmont KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52067583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Transect+through+the+Acadian+Orogen+in+the+Carolinas+and+NE+Georgia&rft.au=Hatcher%2C+Robert+D%2C+Jr%3BBream%2C+Brendan+R%3BHill%2C+Joseph+C%3BGiorgis%2C+Scott+D%3BWilliams%2C+Scott+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hatcher&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 48th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acadian; Acadian Phase; Appalachians; Ashe Formation; Cambrian; geotraverses; Inner Piedmont; lower Paleozoic; North America; North Carolina; Paleozoic; Piedmont; sequence stratigraphy; South Carolina; suture zones; Tallulah Falls Formation; tectonics; thrust sheets; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A field evaluation of airborne techniques for detection of unexploded ordnance AN - 50884117; 2002-029306 AB - United States Defense Department estimates indicate that as many as 11 million acres of government land in the U. S. may contain unexploded ordnance (UXO), with the cost of identifying and disposing of this material estimated at nearly JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Doll, W E AU - Hamlett, P AU - Smyre, J AU - Bell, D AU - Nyquist, J E AU - Gamey, T Jeffrey AU - Holladay, J S A2 - Powers, Michael H. A2 - Cramer, Lynn A2 - Bell, Ronald S. Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 SP - 773 EP - 781 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 1999 KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - data acquisition KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - magnetic methods KW - magnetometers KW - California KW - Kern County California KW - military geology KW - explosives KW - detection KW - Edwards Air Force Base KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - military facilities KW - instruments KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50884117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=A+field+evaluation+of+airborne+techniques+for+detection+of+unexploded+ordnance&rft.au=Doll%2C+W+E%3BHamlett%2C+P%3BSmyre%2C+J%3BBell%2C+D%3BNyquist%2C+J+E%3BGamey%2C+T+Jeffrey%3BHolladay%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Doll&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=1999&rft.issue=&rft.spage=773&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Annual meeting of the Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; California; data acquisition; data processing; detection; Edwards Air Force Base; electromagnetic methods; explosives; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; instruments; Kern County California; magnetic methods; magnetometers; military facilities; military geology; surveys; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Would Hydrologic Climate Changes in Sierra Nevada Streams Influence Trout Persistence? AN - 17373062; 4581691 AB - We predicted the consequences of climate change for sympatric populations of brown trout Salmo trutta and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in an upstream and a downstream reach of a Sierra Nevada stream with the help of an individual-based trout population model. The model evaluated the ecological effects of two anticipated responses to climate change: (1) a shift in peak flows from spring to winter and (2) an increase in stream temperature. Changes in temperature and flow regime both influenced simulated persistence of the two trout species. We hypothesized a decrease in the fall-spawning brown trout population as a result of winter floods that scour brown trout redds. Although scouring mortality showed the expected pattern, effects of seasonal shifts in flow on simulated dewatering of redds was equally important and tended to compensate for scouring. Because trout are coldwater fishes, we hypothesized that a rise in mean stream temperature would be harmful to both species, particularly in downstream reaches. We found that a climate change scenario with a 2 degree C increase in average stream temperature benefited both species in the cooler upstream reach but was harmful in the warmer downstream reach. Overall, our results supported the hypothesis that climate change will restrict trout to higher elevations in the Sierra Nevada. Finally, the combined effects of elevated temperature and shifted flow differed from the effect of elevated temperature alone. In combination, the two climatic factors produced threshold effects in rainbow trout abundance by shifting the age at first maturation. Complex interactions between the period of incubation and various causes of redd mortality (dewatering, scouring, and temperature-related mortality) also lead to nonadditive effects of the two climatic factors on abundances. We conclude that focusing on one factor alone (i.e., temperature) may not be sufficient to predict climate change effects in the stream environment. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Jager, H I AU - Van Winkle, W AU - Holcomb, B D AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA, jagerhi@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - Mar 1999 SP - 222 EP - 240 PB - American Fisheries Society VL - 128 IS - 2 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Brown trout KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss KW - Rainbow trout KW - Salmo trutta KW - USA KW - USA, California, Sierra Nevada KW - USA, California, Sierra Nevada Mts. KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Water Temperature KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Ecological distribution KW - Climatic changes KW - Survival KW - Freshwater fish KW - Population dynamics KW - Streams KW - Mountains KW - Distribution KW - Stream flow rate KW - Climatic Changes KW - Hydrology KW - Mortality KW - Redds KW - Sympatric populations KW - Temperature KW - Streamflow KW - Spawning KW - Water temperature KW - Trout KW - Air-water interactions KW - Reproduction KW - Q1 08341:General KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics KW - D 04668:Fish KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17373062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Would+Hydrologic+Climate+Changes+in+Sierra+Nevada+Streams+Influence+Trout+Persistence%3F&rft.au=Jager%2C+H+I%3BVan+Winkle%2C+W%3BHolcomb%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Jager&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=222&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Redds; Hydrodynamics; Ecological distribution; Climatic changes; Stream flow rate; Survival; Water temperature; Mountains; Sympatric populations; Hydrology; Streams; Mortality; Temperature; Air-water interactions; Reproduction; Population dynamics; Freshwater fish; Water Temperature; Trout; Distribution; Climatic Changes; Streamflow; Spawning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposures from Thorium Contained in Thoriated Tungsten Welding Electrodes AN - 17266480; 4576654 AB - Information provided in this article can be used for estimating the radiation dose associated with the use of thoriated tungsten electrodes in tungsten inert gas welding. Area and breathing zone concentrations of super(232)Th generated by welding and electrode sharpening along with particle size information; isotopic composition of electrodes from two domestic manufacturers and one European manufacturer; and process variables and estimates on the number of thoriated tungsten electrodes manufactured are presented. Past literature is reviewed and compared with the results of this study. Isotopic analysis of a nominal 2% thoriated electrode found 0.6 ppm plus or minus 0.4 ppm super(230)Th and less than 0.1 ppm super(228)Th. Analysis of a ceriated tungsten electrode and a lanthanated tungsten electrode for super(232)Th found 124 ppm and 177 ppm, respectively. Electrode consumption during welding was primarily the result of tip sharpening. Less than 3% of the weight loss was attributable to the welding process. The in-mask concentration of respirable thorium particulate in the welder's breathing zone was 0.002 x 10 super(-12) mu Ci super(232)Th/mL. The concentration of respirable thorium particulate from electrode sharpening was 1.3 x 10 super(-12) mu Ci super(232)Th/mL. The measured sharpening time was 20 sec per electrode. Estimates of the activity median aerodynamic diameters for the respirable fraction of the welding and electrode sharpening aerosols were 3.5 and 5 mu m, respectively, when measured in the breathing zone at 0.3 m (12 inches) from the point of operation. The respirable fraction of the total welding and sharpening aerosols was 45 and 60%. JF - American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal AU - Jankovic, J T AU - Underwood, W S AU - Goodwin, G M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6292, USA Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - Mar 1999 SP - 384 EP - 389 VL - 60 IS - 3 SN - 0002-8894, 0002-8894 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Inhalation KW - Welding KW - Occupational exposure KW - Aerosols KW - Thorium KW - Radioisotopes KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17266480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+Journal&rft.atitle=Exposures+from+Thorium+Contained+in+Thoriated+Tungsten+Welding+Electrodes&rft.au=Jankovic%2C+J+T%3BUnderwood%2C+W+S%3BGoodwin%2C+G+M&rft.aulast=Jankovic&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=384&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+Journal&rft.issn=00028894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioisotopes; Thorium; Welding; Occupational exposure; Inhalation; Aerosols ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Light-induced oxidation of aqueous chromium (III) in the presence of iron(III) AN - 16126539; 4525518 AB - Oxidation of Cr(III) to toxic Cr(VI) by Mn(IV) or Mn(III) species has been identified as probably the only important oxidation pathway in soils, aquatic bodies, and atmospheric environments. We observed ready oxidation of Cr(III) in Fe(III) solutions in light at pH 3.2-4.4 Further kinetic study of this oxidation was performed in sunlight as well as in black light under controlled conditions (e.g., pH 3.2, 20 degree C). Quantum yields of Cr(VI) formation at 356 nm were 0.020-0.046 for initial levels of 50-800 mu M Cr(III) and 200 mu M Fe(III). The Cr(VI) formation reached steady state in 0.5 h (6 mu M, [Cr(III)] sub(0): 50 mu M; 10 mu M, [Cr(III)] sub(0): 200 mu M; [Fe(III)] sub(0): 200 mu M). The best linearity found only for log[Cr(III)] vs t in the first 1 or 1.5 min of the reaction suggests apparent first-order kinetics for the disappearance of Cr(III) at 356 nm over the period; afterward, it failed to comply with any regular rate law. The Cr(III) oxidation decreased at high initial levels of Cr(III) or Fe(III) and upon removal of O sub(2), and it was found to be very limited at pH 5.0. Cr(III) was hypothesized to be oxidized to Cr(VI) by times OH radicals from photolysis of FeOH super(2+) complexes (estimated k times sub(OH+Cr(III)) = 8.3 x 10 super(7) M super(-1) s super(-1)); Cr(VI) also was reduced by the formed Fe(II) and intermediates such as HO sub(2). This study suggests that light-induced oxidation of aqueous Cr(III) in the presence of Fe(III) would be one potential pathway for the oxidation of Cr(III) to toxic Cr(VI), more possibly in atmospheric waters or in acidic surface waters with low dissolved organic carbon content; it would not be expected to occur in surface soils because of their universal association with organic carbon. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Zhang, H AU - Bartlett, R J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, 2HZ@ORNL.GOV Y1 - 1999/02/15/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Feb 15 SP - 588 EP - 594 VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Photochemistry KW - Dissolved Solids KW - Surface water KW - Lighting KW - Chemical speciation KW - Dissolved organic carbon KW - pH KW - Chromium KW - Organic Carbon KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Aquatic environment KW - Wavelengths KW - Kinetics KW - Aquatic Environment KW - Photooxidation KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Oxidation KW - Iron KW - Q5 01503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q2 02184:Composition of water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16126539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Light-induced+oxidation+of+aqueous+chromium+%28III%29+in+the+presence+of+iron%28III%29&rft.au=Zhang%2C+H%3BBartlett%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1999-02-15&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=588&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes980608w LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 1999-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Photochemistry; Chromium; Chemical speciation; Oxidation; Iron; Aquatic environment; Surface water; Atmospheric chemistry; Photooxidation; Dissolved organic carbon; pH; Dissolved Solids; Kinetics; Organic Carbon; Aquatic Environment; Hydrogen Ion Concentration; Lighting; Wavelengths DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es980608w ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Did Indo-European Languages Spread Before Farming? AN - 85685268; 9912543 AB - Effects of climatic changes on hunter-gatherer populations are implicated in hypotheses regarding the origin & dispersal of the Indo-European languages. In addition to the well-established conflicting hypotheses of Kurgan or Battle-Axe culture migrations represented by Marija Gimbutas (1980) vs the earlier farming wave from the Near East proposed by Colin Renfrew, it is suggested that the repopulation of Europe after the end of the Younger Dryas cold, arid period (approximately 11,500 years ago) provides a viable scenario for the spread of Indo-European or linked Indo-European & Uralic languages by hunter-gatherers prior to the farming wave. Other possible scenarios related to later, shorter cold, dry periods of approximately 8,200 & 5,900 years ago might support versions of the farming-wave & Battle-Axe hypotheses respectively. The complexity of human movements & the consequent interchange & alternation of hypotheses militates against entrenched views & motivates an open-minded scientific approach to the initial spread of Indo-European. 1 Table, 23 References. J. Hitchcock JF - Current Anthropology AU - Adams, Jonathan AU - Otte, Marcel AD - MS 6335, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 Jonathan@elvis.esd.ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/02// PY - 1999 DA - February 1999 SP - 73 EP - 77 VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0011-3204, 0011-3204 KW - Indo European Languages (35400) KW - Anthropological Linguistics (03250) KW - Language Culture Relationship (42150) KW - Paleolinguistics (62400) KW - article KW - 5121: descriptive linguistics; paleolinguistics/paleography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85685268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Did+Indo-European+Languages+Spread+Before+Farming%3F&rft.au=Adams%2C+Jonathan%3BOtte%2C+Marcel&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=1999-02-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Anthropology&rft.issn=00113204&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA) N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - CUANAX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Language Culture Relationship (42150); Indo European Languages (35400); Anthropological Linguistics (03250); Paleolinguistics (62400) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Condensation of carbon in radioactive supernova gas AN - 52486332; 1999-033978 JF - Science AU - Clayton, Donald D AU - Liu, Weihong AU - Dalgarno, Alexander Y1 - 1999/02// PY - 1999 DA - February 1999 SP - 1290 EP - 1292 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 283 IS - 5406 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - oxygen KW - gaseous phase KW - cobalt KW - isotopes KW - condensation KW - supernovas KW - genesis KW - meteorites KW - cosmic dust KW - radioactive isotopes KW - stars KW - metals KW - carbon KW - Co-56 KW - geochemistry KW - electrons KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52486332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Condensation+of+carbon+in+radioactive+supernova+gas&rft.au=Clayton%2C+Donald+D%3BLiu%2C+Weihong%3BDalgarno%2C+Alexander&rft.aulast=Clayton&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=1999-02-01&rft.volume=283&rft.issue=5406&rft.spage=1290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; Co-56; cobalt; condensation; cosmic dust; electrons; gaseous phase; genesis; geochemistry; isotopes; metals; meteorites; oxygen; radioactive isotopes; stars; supernovas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen isotope fractionation between chlorite and water from 170 to 350 degrees C; a preliminary assessment based on partial exchange and fluid/rock experiments AN - 52467227; 1999-046843 AB - Experimental fractionation data are presented for chlorites from biotites in hydrothermal fluid-rock investigations, and preliminary experimental fractionations are described for chlorite using the Northrop-Clayton partial exchange technique. The resulting fractionations are compared to existing empirical and semi-empirical calibrations of fractionations for chlorite-H (sub 2) O. An oxygen isotope fraction value of -0.550/00 agrees closely with estimates made from several empirical methods. The delta (super 18) O compositions of chlorite, calculated from mass balance and compared to the final measured delta (super 18) O values of fluids, average 0.14, 0.8 and 2.90/00 for 300, 250 and 200 degrees C, respectively, and these may represent equilibrium values. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Cole, David R AU - Ripley, Edward M Y1 - 1999/02// PY - 1999 DA - February 1999 SP - 449 EP - 457 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 63 IS - 3-4 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - silicates KW - isotope fractionation KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - chlorite KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - mica group KW - biotite KW - sheet silicates KW - chlorite group KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52467227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Oxygen+isotope+fractionation+between+chlorite+and+water+from+170+to+350+degrees+C%3B+a+preliminary+assessment+based+on+partial+exchange+and+fluid%2Frock+experiments&rft.au=Cole%2C+David+R%3BRipley%2C+Edward+M&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1999-02-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2899%2900071-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biotite; chemical reactions; chlorite; chlorite group; experimental studies; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; laboratory studies; mica group; O-18/O-16; oxygen; sheet silicates; silicates; stable isotopes; temperature; water; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00071-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Association quotients of aluminum sulphate complexes in NaCl media from 50 to 125 degrees C; results of a potentiometric and solubility study AN - 52462172; 1999-046844 AB - The results are presented of potentiometric experiments determining the speciation for Al-sulphate complexation and the effects of T and ionic strength on the association quotients of the Al-sulphate species. Solubility experiments were conducted at 50 degrees C to validate the potentiometric data and to examine the effect of sulphate on the solubility of gibbsite and other Al-bearing minerals. AlSO (super +) (sub 4) and Al(SO (sub 4) ) (super -) (sub 2) species were identified and their formation quotients at 50 degrees C were modelled as a function of T and ionic strength. The results show that the presence of sulphate in aqueous solution enhances the dissolution of gibbsite and other Al-bearing minerals, suggesting that the formation of Al-sulphate complexes may be important in controlling their solubility. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Kettler, Richard M Y1 - 1999/02// PY - 1999 DA - February 1999 SP - 459 EP - 472 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 63 IS - 3-4 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - titration KW - sulfates KW - complexing KW - aqueous solutions KW - solubility KW - temperature KW - laboratory studies KW - aluminum sulfate KW - phase equilibria KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - theoretical models KW - oxides KW - thermodynamic properties KW - gibbsite KW - potentiometry KW - geochemistry KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52462172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Association+quotients+of+aluminum+sulphate+complexes+in+NaCl+media+from+50+to+125+degrees+C%3B+results+of+a+potentiometric+and+solubility+study&rft.au=Ridley%2C+Moira+K%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BKettler%2C+Richard+M&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft.date=1999-02-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=459&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2899%2900016-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 10 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; aluminum sulfate; aqueous solutions; chemical fractionation; complexing; experimental studies; geochemistry; gibbsite; laboratory studies; metals; oxides; phase equilibria; potentiometry; sodium chloride; solubility; sulfate ion; sulfates; temperature; theoretical models; thermodynamic properties; titration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00016-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potentiometric studies of complexation reactions relevant to environmental and aqueous geochemistry AN - 52440073; 1999-062670 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Kettler, Richard M AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/02// PY - 1999 DA - February 1999 SP - 33 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - titration KW - complexing KW - surface water KW - equations KW - solution KW - ions KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - metals KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52440073?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Potentiometric+studies+of+complexation+reactions+relevant+to+environmental+and+aqueous+geochemistry&rft.au=Ridley%2C+Moira+K%3BKettler%2C+Richard+M%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft.date=1999-02-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, South-Central Section, 33rd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; complexing; equations; geochemistry; ground water; ions; metals; solution; surface water; temperature; thermodynamic properties; titration; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ca(II) adsorption at the rutile-water interface in NaCl media to 250 degrees C AN - 52439391; 1999-062671 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/02// PY - 1999 DA - February 1999 SP - 33 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - processes KW - calcium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - titration KW - entropy KW - sodium ion KW - complexing KW - alkali metals KW - adsorption KW - sodium KW - solution KW - temperature KW - transport KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - rutile KW - calcium ion KW - oxides KW - stoichiometry KW - Eh KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52439391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Ca%28II%29+adsorption+at+the+rutile-water+interface+in+NaCl+media+to+250+degrees+C&rft.au=Ridley%2C+Moira+K%3BMachesky%2C+Michael+L%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft.date=1999-02-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, South-Central Section, 33rd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; calcium; calcium ion; complexing; Eh; entropy; experimental studies; metals; oxides; precipitation; processes; rutile; sodium; sodium ion; solution; stoichiometry; temperature; titration; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of dose rate and temperature on the crystalline-to-metamict transformation in the ABO (sub 4) orthosilicates AN - 51456482; 2007-039197 AB - Radiation damage effects in naturally irradiated zircon and thorite were compared with those seen in ion-beam-irradiated (800 keV Kr (super +) ) synthetic specimens of zircon, hafnon, thorite, huttonite and crystalline thorite from Kipawa. All the specimens became amorphous at < 1 dpa at < 600 degrees C; at higher T, the amorphization dose increases in the order: Kipawa thorite, synthetic thorite, hafnon, zircon, huttonite. Two stages of amorphization were identified, with activation energies of approximately 1.0 eV and 3.1-3.7 eV. Whereas natural zircon and thorite undergo radiation-induced amorphization in general similar to that produced by ion bombardment, the amorphization dose is significantly higher due to the long-term annealing effects. Thorite is predicted to become metamict after relatively short times, whereas huttonite recovers more rapidly from the effects of irradiation and takes longer to become metamict. JF - The Canadian Mineralogist AU - Meldrum, Alkiviathes AU - Boatner, Lynn A AU - Zinkle, Steve J AU - Wang, Shi-Xin AU - Wang, Lu-Min AU - Ewing, Rodney C Y1 - 1999/02// PY - 1999 DA - February 1999 SP - 207 EP - 221 PB - Mineralogical Association of Canada, Ottawa, ON VL - 37, Part 1 SN - 0008-4476, 0008-4476 KW - silicates KW - irradiation KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - Quebec KW - pegmatite KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - radioactive decay KW - Europe KW - crystal structure KW - Sri Lanka KW - recrystallization KW - temperature KW - hafnon KW - Villedieu Quebec KW - plutonic rocks KW - Kipawa Complex KW - orthosilicates KW - metamict minerals KW - syenites KW - Asia KW - synthetic materials KW - zircon group KW - Western Europe KW - huttonite KW - amorphous materials KW - thorite KW - zircon KW - TEM data KW - samples KW - nesosilicates KW - Scandinavia KW - Canada KW - metamictization KW - mathematical methods KW - crystallization KW - transformations KW - Norway KW - Eastern Canada KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51456482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Effects+of+dose+rate+and+temperature+on+the+crystalline-to-metamict+transformation+in+the+ABO+%28sub+4%29+orthosilicates&rft.au=Meldrum%2C+Alkiviathes%3BBoatner%2C+Lynn+A%3BZinkle%2C+Steve+J%3BWang%2C+Shi-Xin%3BWang%2C+Lu-Min%3BEwing%2C+Rodney+C&rft.aulast=Meldrum&rft.aufirst=Alkiviathes&rft.date=1999-02-01&rft.volume=37%2C+Part+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.issn=00084476&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mineralogicalassociation.ca/template/EJournal/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAMIA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; Asia; Canada; crystal structure; crystallization; Eastern Canada; Europe; granites; hafnon; huttonite; igneous rocks; irradiation; Kipawa Complex; mathematical methods; metamict minerals; metamictization; nesosilicates; Norway; orthosilicates; pegmatite; plutonic rocks; Quebec; radioactive decay; recrystallization; samples; Scandinavia; silicates; Sri Lanka; syenites; synthetic materials; TEM data; temperature; thorite; transformations; Villedieu Quebec; Western Europe; X-ray diffraction data; zircon; zircon group ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feasibility of high-resolution P- and S-wave seismic reflection to detect methane hydrate AN - 911677953; 2012-005828 AB - It is feasible to use high resolution seismic reflection techniques to image interfaces within the gas hydrate interval at this site on the northeastern edge of the Mackenzie Delta, NW Territories, Canada. Reflections were recorded with a high frequency vibrator to depths in excess of 1000 m. Resolution potential is well within the minimum for delineating individual hydrate zones within the nearly 300 m thick hydrate rich interval penetrated by two nearby boreholes. Several high amplitude, high frequency reflection events are interpretable within and immediately below the nearly 600 m thick permafrost. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Hunter, James A AU - Miller, R D AU - Doll, William E AU - Carr, B J AU - Burns, Robert AU - Good, Ronald AU - Laflen, D R AU - Douma, Marten AU - Riedel, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 445 EP - 448 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 69 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - petroleum exploration KW - P-waves KW - permafrost KW - geophysical surveys KW - gas hydrates KW - natural gas KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - velocity KW - high-resolution methods KW - body waves KW - methane KW - Mackenzie Delta KW - well logs KW - geophysical methods KW - reflection methods KW - alkanes KW - Northwest Territories KW - seismic methods KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - hydrocarbons KW - surveys KW - Western Canada KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/911677953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Feasibility+of+high-resolution+P-+and+S-wave+seismic+reflection+to+detect+methane+hydrate&rft.au=Hunter%2C+James+A%3BMiller%2C+R+D%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BCarr%2C+B+J%3BBurns%2C+Robert%3BGood%2C+Ronald%3BLaflen%2C+D+R%3BDouma%2C+Marten%3BRiedel%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=445&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1821048 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 69th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; body waves; Canada; data acquisition; data processing; elastic waves; gas hydrates; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; high-resolution methods; hydrocarbons; Mackenzie Delta; methane; natural gas; Northwest Territories; organic compounds; P-waves; permafrost; petroleum; petroleum exploration; reflection methods; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; surveys; velocity; well logs; Western Canada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1821048 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface wave group velocity tomography applied to shallow structures at a waste site AN - 911677620; 2012-005841 AB - We use the multiple-filter technique to measure group velocities along multiple independent ray paths across a test area and then we use tomographic inversion methods to define the distribution of group velocity inside the test area. Group velocities of surface waves are more sensitive to shear-wave velocity structure than phase velocities because they vary over a wider range of velocities, but they are more difficult to measure precisely. In order to minimize the scatter in the arrival times of wave groups, we constrain the travel times for each frequency to fall within a small time increment of arrivals at adjacent traces. The vertical shear-wave velocity structure for each element in the test area can be interpreted from its dispersion curve. We have applied surface-wave group-velocity tomography to areas ranging in diameter from 20 to 300 meters. Velocity anomalies of 10 percent are easily mapped. For these test sites, the shear-wave velocity structure in a depth range of 1 to 10 meters was obtained from surface waves with frequencies from 10 to 40 Hz. The advantages of surface wave group-velocity tomography include the ability to measure structure without placing instruments directly above the structure, ease in measurement because the surface waves are usually the largest observed phase, and sensitivity to a depth range critical for evaluation in many waste dumps. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Long, Leland Timothy AU - Kocaoglu, Argun AU - Doll, W E AU - Chen, X AU - Martin, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 496 EP - 499 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 69 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - tomography KW - imagery KW - guided waves KW - data acquisition KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - waste disposal sites KW - mapping KW - inverse problem KW - elastic waves KW - anomalies KW - group velocity KW - seismic methods KW - environmental management KW - shallow depth KW - surface waves KW - traveltime KW - seismic waves KW - arrival time KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/911677620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Surface+wave+group+velocity+tomography+applied+to+shallow+structures+at+a+waste+site&rft.au=Long%2C+Leland+Timothy%3BKocaoglu%2C+Argun%3BDoll%2C+W+E%3BChen%2C+X%3BMartin%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Leland&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=496&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1821062 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 69th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anomalies; arrival time; data acquisition; data processing; elastic waves; environmental management; geophysical methods; group velocity; guided waves; imagery; inverse problem; mapping; seismic methods; seismic waves; shallow depth; surface waves; tomography; traveltime; waste disposal sites DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1821062 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitroaromatic munition compounds: environmental effects and screening values. AN - 69716893; 10218448 AB - Available data on the occurrence, transport, transformation, and toxicity of eight nitroaromatic munition compounds and their degradation products, TNT, TNB, DNB, DNA, 2-ADNT, RDX, HMX, and tetryl were used to identify potential fate in the environment and to calculate screening benchmarks or safe environmental levels for aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Results of monitoring studies revealed that some of these compounds persist at sites where they were produced or processed. Most of the compounds are present in soil, sediment, and surface water or groundwater at military sites. Soil adsorption coefficients indicate that these chemicals are only moderately adsorbed to soil and may leach to groundwater. Most of these compounds are transformed by abiotic or biotic mechanisms in environmental media. Primary transformation mechanisms involve photolysis (TNT, RDX, HMX, tetryl), hydrolysis (tetryl), and microbial degradation (TNT, TNB, DNB, DNA, 2-ADNT, and HMX). Microbial degradation for both nitro and nitramine aromatic compounds involves rapid reduction of nitro groups to amino groups, but further metabolism is slow. With the exception of DNB, complete mineralization did not usually occur under the conditions of the studies. RDX was resistant to microbial degradation. Available ecotoxicological data on acute and chronic studies with freshwater fish and invertebrates were summarized, and water quality criteria or ecotoxicological screening benchmarks were developed. Depending on the available data, criteria/benchmarks were calculated according to USEPA Tier I or Tier II guidelines. The munitions chemicals are moderately to highly toxic to freshwater organisms, with chronic screening values < 1 mg/L. For some chemicals, these low values are caused by inherent toxicity; in other cases, they result from the conservative methods used in the absence of data. For nonionic organic munitions chemicals, sediment quality benchmarks were calculated (based on Kow values and the final chronic value) according to USEPA guidelines. Available data indicate that none of the compounds is expected to bioconcentrate. In the same manner in which reference doses for humans are based on studies with laboratory animals, reference doses or screening benchmarks for wildlife may also be calculated by extrapolation among mammalian species. Chronic NOAELs for the compounds of interest were determined from available laboratory studies. Endpoints selected for wildlife species were those that diminish population growth or survival. Equivalent NOAELs for wildlife were calculated by scaling the test data on the basis of differences in body weight. Data on food and water intake for seven selected wildlife species--short-tailed shrew, white-footed mouse, meadow vole, cottontail rabbit, mink, red fox, and whitetail deer--were used to calculate NOAELs for oral intake. In the case of TNB, a comparison of toxicity data from studies conducted with both the white-footed mouse and the laboratory rat indicates that the white-footed mouse may be more resistant to the toxic effects of chemicals than the laboratory rat and may further indicate the lesser sensitivity of wildlife species to chemical insult. Chronic NOAEL values for the test species based on the laboratory studies indicate that, by the oral route of exposure, TNB and RDX are not highly toxic to mammalian species. However, as seen with TNB, values are less conservative when chronic studies are available or when studies were conducted with wildlife species. Insufficient data were located to calculate NOAELs for avian species. In the absence of criteria or guidelines for terrestrial plants, invertebrates, and soil heterotrophic processes, LOECs were used as screening benchmarks for effect levels in the environment. In most cases, too few data were available to derive a screening benchmark or to have a high degree of confidence in the benchmarks that were derived. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED) JF - Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Talmage, S S AU - Opresko, D M AU - Maxwell, C J AU - Welsh, C J AU - Cretella, F M AU - Reno, P H AU - Daniel, F B AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37830, USA. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 1 EP - 156 VL - 161 SN - 0179-5953, 0179-5953 KW - Hydrocarbons, Aromatic KW - 0 KW - Nitro Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Hydrocarbons, Aromatic -- adverse effects KW - Nitro Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Mass Screening -- methods KW - Chemical Industry KW - Military Medicine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69716893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Nitroaromatic+munition+compounds%3A+environmental+effects+and+screening+values.&rft.au=Talmage%2C+S+S%3BOpresko%2C+D+M%3BMaxwell%2C+C+J%3BWelsh%2C+C+J%3BCretella%2C+F+M%3BReno%2C+P+H%3BDaniel%2C+F+B&rft.aulast=Talmage&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=161&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=01795953&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-05-25 N1 - Date created - 1999-05-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of lung tumor colonies with 90Y targeted to blood vessels: comparison with the alpha-particle emitter 213Bi. AN - 69649423; 10096515 AB - An in vivo lung tumor model system for radioimmunotherapy of lung metastases was used to test the relative effectiveness of the vascular- targeted beta-particle emitter 90Y, and alpha-particle emitter, 213Bi. Yttrium-90 was shown to be stably bound by CHXa" DTPA-MAb 201B conjugates and delivered efficiently to lung tumor blood vessels. Dosimetry calculations indicated that the lung received 16.2 Gy/MBq from treatment with 90Y MAb 201B, which was a sevenfold greater absorbed dose than any other organ examined. Therapy was optimal for 90Y with 3 MBq injected. Bismuth-213 MAb 201B also delivered a similar absorbed dose (15Gy/MBq) to the lung. Yttrium-90 was found to be slightly more effective against larger tumors than 213Bi, consistent with the larger range of 2 MeV beta particles from 90Y than the 8 MeV alpha particles from 213Bi. Treatment of EMT-6 tumors growing in immunodeficient SCID mice with 90Y or 213Bi MAb 201 resulted in significant destruction of tumor colonies; however, 90Y MAb 201B was toxic for the SCID mice, inflicting acute lung damage. In another tumor model, IC-12 rat tracheal carcinoma growing in SCID mouse lungs, 90Y therapy was more effective than 213Bi at destroying lung tumors. However, 90Y MAb 201B toxicity for the lung limited any therapeutic effect. We conclude that, although vascular-targeted 90Y MAb can be an effective therapeutic agent, particularly for larger tumors, in this model system, acute damage to the lung may limit its application. JF - Nuclear medicine and biology AU - Kennel, S J AU - Stabin, M AU - Yoriyaz, H AU - Brechbiel, M AU - Mirzadeh, S AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6101, USA. sj9@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999/01// PY - 1999 DA - January 1999 SP - 149 EP - 157 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0969-8051, 0969-8051 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Isothiocyanates KW - Radioisotopes KW - Radiopharmaceuticals KW - Yttrium Radioisotopes KW - N-(2-amino-3-(4-isothiocyanatophenyl)propyl)cyclohexane-1,2-diamine-N,N',N',N'',N''-pentaacetic acid KW - 142434-84-2 KW - Pentetic Acid KW - 7A314HQM0I KW - Bismuth KW - U015TT5I8H KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Pentetic Acid -- therapeutic use KW - Pentetic Acid -- analogs & derivatives KW - Isothiocyanates -- therapeutic use KW - Mice KW - Mice, SCID KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Female KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- therapeutic use KW - Yttrium Radioisotopes -- therapeutic use KW - Lung Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Radioisotopes -- therapeutic use KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69649423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+medicine+and+biology&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+lung+tumor+colonies+with+90Y+targeted+to+blood+vessels%3A+comparison+with+the+alpha-particle+emitter+213Bi.&rft.au=Kennel%2C+S+J%3BStabin%2C+M%3BYoriyaz%2C+H%3BBrechbiel%2C+M%3BMirzadeh%2C+S&rft.aulast=Kennel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+medicine+and+biology&rft.issn=09698051&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-08-02 N1 - Date created - 1999-08-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Receptor recognition by histidine 16 of human epidermal growth factor via hydrogen-bond donor/acceptor interactions. AN - 69576732; 10025663 AB - Human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) and human transforming growth factor alpha (hTGFalpha) are prototypical of structurally related polypeptide mitogens which interact with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Several determinants of receptor recognition that specify function have been proposed on the basis of structural criteria. This study evaluates the role of one such candidate, H16 of hEGF, by site-specific mutagenesis. When assayed for receptor tyrosine kinase stimulation using (Glu4,Tyr1)n as the exogenous substrate in vitro, the relative agonist activities of position 16 mutants range from 14-263% of wild-type hEGF. The rank order of potency was found to correlate with the relative receptor binding affinities of the mutants, which range from 7-272% of wild-type, as determined by radioreceptor competition assays. The mitogenic activity of the H16 mutants is similar to that of wild-type hEGF as determined by clonogenic assays using rat tracheal epithelial cells. While the colony forming efficiencies do not reflect significant differences in growth rate or survival characteristics in the presence of the hEGF variants, it is reduced to 1.6% in control cultures which lack EGF in the medium. The results show that H16 of hEGF, although not essential for mitogenic activity, optimizes receptor recognition by hydrogen-bond donor/acceptor interactions and may share this feature with H18 of hTGFalpha. JF - Journal of cellular biochemistry AU - Nandagopal, K AU - Terzaghi-Howe, M AU - Niyogi, S K AD - The University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831-8080, USA. Y1 - 1999/01/01/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Jan 01 SP - 16 EP - 24 VL - 72 IS - 1 SN - 0730-2312, 0730-2312 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - 0 KW - Transforming Growth Factor alpha KW - Histidine KW - 4QD397987E KW - Epidermal Growth Factor KW - 62229-50-9 KW - Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Enzyme Activation KW - Humans KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Recombinant Proteins -- genetics KW - Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases -- metabolism KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Rats KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Binding, Competitive KW - Transforming Growth Factor alpha -- chemistry KW - Colony-Forming Units Assay KW - Hydrogen Bonding KW - Mutation KW - Cell Division -- genetics KW - Histidine -- chemistry KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor -- metabolism KW - Epidermal Growth Factor -- chemistry KW - Epidermal Growth Factor -- genetics KW - Histidine -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69576732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+cellular+biochemistry&rft.atitle=Receptor+recognition+by+histidine+16+of+human+epidermal+growth+factor+via+hydrogen-bond+donor%2Facceptor+interactions.&rft.au=Nandagopal%2C+K%3BTerzaghi-Howe%2C+M%3BNiyogi%2C+S+K&rft.aulast=Nandagopal&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+cellular+biochemistry&rft.issn=07302312&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-04-29 N1 - Date created - 1999-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new technique for determining equilibrium hydrogen isotope fractionation factors using the ion microprobe; application to the epidote-water system AN - 52482358; 1999-038303 AB - Large single crystals are used as the starting material in this new technique and the outer 0.5-2.0 mu m of the isotopically exchanged crystals are then analysed by ion microprobe. Isotopic exchange is seen to occur through a diffusional process and by recrystallization, and this allows reversed experimental data on equilibrium fractionation factors to be determined, in this case for the epidote-water system between 300-600 degrees C and approximately 2.1 kbar. At higher T systematically more negative epidote-water fractionations occur due to the inability of bulk exchange techniques to quench high-T fractionations in this system. The H isotope fractionations from the experiments vary systematically with T decreasing from -360/00 at 300 degrees C to -540/00 at 600 degrees C. The method should be applicable to other mineral-water systems. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Chacko, Thomas AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Cole, David R AU - Horita, Juske Y1 - 1999/01// PY - 1999 DA - January 1999 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 63 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - sorosilicates KW - silicates KW - isotope fractionation KW - isotopes KW - techniques KW - stable isotopes KW - laboratory studies KW - epidote KW - water-rock interaction KW - phase equilibria KW - orthosilicates KW - applications KW - deuterium KW - P-T conditions KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - chemical analysis KW - isotope ratios KW - mineral-water interface KW - mass spectroscopy KW - new methods KW - ion probe KW - crystals KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - epidote group KW - spectroscopy KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52482358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=A+new+technique+for+determining+equilibrium+hydrogen+isotope+fractionation+factors+using+the+ion+microprobe%3B+application+to+the+epidote-water+system&rft.au=Chacko%2C+Thomas%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BHorita%2C+Juske&rft.aulast=Chacko&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2899%2900007-1 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; chemical analysis; crystals; D/H; deuterium; diffusion; epidote; epidote group; experimental studies; hydrogen; ion probe; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; laboratory studies; mass spectroscopy; mineral-water interface; new methods; orthosilicates; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; silicates; sorosilicates; spectroscopy; stable isotopes; techniques; water; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00007-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A preliminary estimate of changing calcrete carbon storage on land since the last glacial maximum AN - 52480722; 1999-030875 AB - The glacial-to-interglacial shift in land carbon storage is important in understanding the global carbon cycle and history of the climate system. While organic carbon storage on land appears to have been much less than present during the cold, dry glacial maximum, calcrete (soil carbonate) carbon storage would have been greater. Here we attempt a global estimation of this change; we use published figures for present soil carbonate by biome to estimate changing global soil carbonate storage, on the basis of reconstruction of vegetation areas for four timeslices since the Last Glacial Maximum. It appears that there would most likely have been around a 30-45% decrease in calcrete carbon on land accompanying the transition between glacial and interglacial conditions. This represents a change of about 500-400 GtC (outer error limits are estimated at 750-200 GtC) . In order to be weathered into dissolved bicarbonate, this would take up an additional 500-400 GtC (750-200 GtC) in CO (sub 2) from ocean/atmosphere sources. An equivalent amount to the carbonate leaving the caliche reservoir on land may have accumulated in coral reefs and other calcareous marine sediments during the Holocene, liberating an equimolar quantity of CO (sub 2) back into the ocean-atmosphere system as the bicarbonate ion breaks up. JF - Global and Planetary Change AU - Adams, J M AU - Post, W M Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 243 EP - 256 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 0921-8181, 0921-8181 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - last glacial maximum KW - Quaternary KW - sinks KW - vegetation KW - bicarbonate ion KW - deglaciation KW - climate change KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - marine environment KW - carbon KW - upper Quaternary KW - reconstruction KW - depositional environment KW - carbon cycle KW - carbonate rocks KW - calcrete KW - geochemistry KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52480722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+and+Planetary+Change&rft.atitle=A+preliminary+estimate+of+changing+calcrete+carbon+storage+on+land+since+the+last+glacial+maximum&rft.au=Adams%2C+J+M%3BPost%2C+W+M&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+and+Planetary+Change&rft.issn=09218181&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09218181 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bicarbonate ion; calcrete; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; carbonate rocks; Cenozoic; climate change; concentration; deglaciation; depositional environment; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; last glacial maximum; marine environment; Quaternary; reconstruction; sedimentary rocks; sinks; soils; upper Quaternary; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The photochemistry of PAHs and PCBs in water and on solids AN - 52472507; 1999-042535 AB - The photochemistry of numerous polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAHs) and polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) has been studied in water and on solids in environmental and laboratory settings. Photoproducts have been identified in many instances. In the presence of O (sub 2) , the photochemistry of PAHs is dominated by oxidation, with either singlet O (sub 2) or superoxide serving as oxidant. The factors which dictate whether energy transfer or electron transfer occurs from the PAH excited state to O (sub 2) are not well understood. The photochemistry of PCBs in water is dominated by hydrolysis in which Cl is replaced by OH, even in the presence of O (sub 2) . This is a consequence of the large oxygen-hydrogen bond dissociation energy and dielectric constant of water. Photoisomerization of chlorobiphenyls also occurs in water. On solids the photochemistry of PCBs is different. In the presence of O (sub 2) , hydrogen is replaced by OH. These reactions appear to involve PCB radical cations. A variety of successful photochemical schemes have been developed, involving solids and water, for the destruction of PCBs. Notable in this regard are the numerous studies on the photocatalytic decomposition of PCBs on TiO (sub 2) . JF - The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. Volume 2 AU - Pagni, Richard M AU - Sigman, Michael E A2 - Boule, Pierre Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 139 EP - 179 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - Part L SN - 1433-6839, 1433-6839 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - experimental studies KW - oxidation KW - surface water KW - photochemistry KW - PCBs KW - hydrolysis KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - aquatic environment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52472507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Handbook+of+Environmental+Chemistry.+Volume+2&rft.atitle=The+photochemistry+of+PAHs+and+PCBs+in+water+and+on+solids&rft.au=Pagni%2C+Richard+M%3BSigman%2C+Michael+E&rft.aulast=Pagni&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=Part+L&rft.issue=&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=3540629130&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Handbook+of+Environmental+Chemistry.+Volume+2&rft.issn=14336839&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 161 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; chlorinated hydrocarbons; ecology; experimental studies; geochemistry; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; hydrolysis; kinetics; laboratory studies; organic compounds; oxidation; PCBs; photochemistry; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forest soil carbon inventories and dynamics along an elevation gradient in the southern Appalachian Mountains AN - 52442942; 1999-059007 AB - Soil organic carbon (SOC) was partitioned between unprotected and protected pools in six forests along an elevation gradient in the southern Appalachian Mountains using two physical methods: flotation in aqueous CaCl (sub 2) (1.4 g/mL) and wet sieving through a 0.053 mm sieve. Both methods produced results that were qualitatively and quantitatively similar. Along the elevation gradient, 28 to 53% of the SOC was associated with an unprotected pool that included forest floor O-layers and other labile soil organic matter (SOM) in various stages of decomposition. Most (71 to 83%) of the C in the mineral soil at the six forest sites was identified as protected because of its association with a heavy soil fraction (> 1.4 g/mL) or a silt-clay soil fraction. Total inventories of SOC in the forests (to a depth of 30 cm) ranged from 384 to 1244 mg C/cm (super 2) .The turnover time of the unprotected SOC was negatively correlated (r = -0.95, p<0.05) with mean annual air temperature (MAT) across the elevation gradient. Measured SOC inventories, annual C returns to the forest floor, and estimates of C turnover associated with the protected soil pool were used to parameterize a simple model of SOC dynamics. Steady-state predictions with the model indicated that, with no change in C inputs, the low- (235-335 m), mid- (940-1000 m), and high- (1650-1670 m) elevation forests under study might surrender 40 to 45% of their current SOC inventory following a 4 degrees C increase in MAT. Substantial losses of unprotected SOM as a result of a warmer climate could have long-term impacts on hydrology, soil quality, and plant nutrition in forest ecosystems throughout the southern Appalachian Mountains. JF - Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) AU - Garten, C T, Jr AU - Post, W M, III AU - Hanson, P J AU - Cooper, L W Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 115 EP - 145 PB - Nijhoff/Junk, Dordrecht-Boston-Lancaster VL - 45 IS - 2 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - United States KW - clay KW - Appalachians KW - temperature KW - mountains KW - sedimentary rocks KW - dynamics KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - organic carbon KW - climate KW - soils KW - forests KW - North America KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - elevation KW - statistical analysis KW - silt KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - flotation KW - Southern Appalachians KW - clastic rocks KW - particles KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52442942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.atitle=Forest+soil+carbon+inventories+and+dynamics+along+an+elevation+gradient+in+the+southern+Appalachian+Mountains&rft.au=Garten%2C+C+T%2C+Jr%3BPost%2C+W+M%2C+III%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BCooper%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Garten&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100244/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from PASCAL, Institute de l'Information Scientifique et Technique, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Document feature - 12 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachians; carbon; clastic rocks; clastic sediments; clay; climate; drainage basins; dynamics; elevation; experimental studies; flotation; forests; models; mountains; North America; organic carbon; organic compounds; particles; sedimentary rocks; sediments; silt; soils; Southern Appalachians; statistical analysis; temperature; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling surface contaminant reactions and transport at the watershed scale AN - 52393554; 2000-015070 AB - Concurrent physical and chemical non-equilibrium may arise at various scales and flowpaths during the subsurface transport of non-point source pollutants. Experimental investigations of these complex processes at watershed scales are data sparse, yet numerical studies may be useful for guidance of decision making. A compilation of research is presented that integrates the knowledge bases developed during previous experimental and numerical investigations at a proposed waste disposal site at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The objectives of this research were (1) to perform numerical simulations of coupled physical and chemical mass-transfer processes in watershed-scale, variably-saturated subsurface environments and (2) to evaluate their implications on uncertainty characterization. A comparison of numerical results with field data indicates that (1) multi-region preferential flow and solute transport exist under partially-saturated conditions and can be predicted theoretically and that (2) mass transfer between pore regions is an important process influencing contaminant movement in the subsurface. Simulations of watershed-scale, multi-species reactive solute transport suggest that dominance of geochemistry and/or hydrodynamics may occur simultaneously at different locales and influence the movement of one species relative to another. Execution times for the simulations of the reactive solute transport model indicate that the model is capable of identifying important parameters for site characterization efforts. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Gwo, Jin-Ping AU - Wilson, Glenn V AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - d'Azevedo, Eduardo F Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 31 EP - 43 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 108 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - data processing KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - decision-making KW - preferential flow KW - nonpoint sources KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - transport KW - Tennessee KW - parallel processing KW - hydrodynamics KW - mass transfer KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52393554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Modeling+surface+contaminant+reactions+and+transport+at+the+watershed+scale&rft.au=Gwo%2C+Jin-Ping%3BWilson%2C+Glenn+V%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3Bd%27Azevedo%2C+Eduardo+F&rft.aulast=Gwo&rft.aufirst=Jin-Ping&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=9781118664698&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2FGM108p0031 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; computer programs; data processing; decision-making; experimental studies; ground water; hydrodynamics; hydrology; mass transfer; mathematical models; nonpoint sources; numerical models; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; parallel processing; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; remediation; solute transport; Tennessee; transport; United States; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/GM108p0031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation of single-domain magnetite by a thermophilic bacterium AN - 52386548; 2000-018333 AB - Magnetite is a common product of bacterial iron reduction and may serve as a potential physical indicator of biological activity in geological settings. Here we report the formation of single-domain magnetite under laboratory conditions by a thermophilic fermentative bacterial strain TOR-39 that was isolated from the deep subsurface. Time-course analyses were performed at 65 degrees C to study the effect of bacterial activity on solution chemistry and magnetite formation during the growth of TOR-39. Run products were examined by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Magnetite particles formed exclusively outside of bacterial cells and exhibited diamond shapes having relatively equal length and width (<15% difference). Tiny magnetite particles (<12 nm) nucleated between 10 h and 11 h of incubation and increased to average lengths of 55.4+ or -26.8 nm after 24 h of incubation. Between 24 h and 22 d of incubation, magnetite particles maintained average lengths of 56.2+ or -24.8 nm. Over this time period greater than 85% of the particles observed fell within the magnetic single domain. No magnetite was detected in abiotic controls or in TOR-39 cultures whose activity was suppressed. Unlike mesophilic iron-reducing bacteria (e.g., GS-15), TOR-39 produced crystals having shapes and sizes similar to some particles produced intracellularly by magnetotactic bacteria. Thus the single-domain magnetite produced by thermophiles such as TOR-39 may have heretofore unrecognized significance in the biological contribution to natural remanent magnetization in sedimentary basins and other geothermal environments. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Zhang, Chuanlun AU - Vali, Hojatollah AU - Romanek, Christopher S AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Liu, Shi V AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 1 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 1999 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - thermophilic taxa KW - experimental studies KW - solutions KW - sedimentary basins KW - magnetic domains KW - magnetization KW - paleomagnetism KW - natural remanent magnetization KW - iron KW - temperature KW - remanent magnetization KW - single domains KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - basins KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - magnetite KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52386548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Formation+of+single-domain+magnetite+by+a+thermophilic+bacterium&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Chuanlun%3BVali%2C+Hojatollah%3BRomanek%2C+Christopher+S%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BLiu%2C+Shi+V%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Chuanlun&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=1999&rft.issue=&rft.spage=A159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; basins; experimental studies; geochemistry; iron; magnetic domains; magnetite; magnetization; metals; natural remanent magnetization; oxides; paleomagnetism; reduction; remanent magnetization; sedimentary basins; single domains; solutions; temperature; thermophilic taxa ER - TY - BOOK T1 - A guide for the technical evaluation of environmental data AN - 52378796; 2000-025519 JF - A guide for the technical evaluation of environmental data AU - Korte, Nic Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 195 PB - Technomic Publishing Company, Lancaster, PA SN - 1566767407 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - agricultural waste KW - contaminant plumes KW - site exploration KW - data acquisition KW - reclamation KW - PCBs KW - techniques KW - bioavailability KW - chemical waste KW - nonpoint sources KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - bioaccumulation KW - sampling KW - decontamination KW - agrochemicals KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trace elements KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - background level KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - petroleum products KW - geochemical cycle KW - organic compounds KW - biosphere KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - pesticides KW - point sources KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52378796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Korte%2C+Nic&rft.aulast=Korte&rft.aufirst=Nic&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1566767407&rft.btitle=A+guide+for+the+technical+evaluation+of+environmental+data&rft.title=A+guide+for+the+technical+evaluation+of+environmental+data&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Insights from ambient toxicity testing AN - 52375298; 2000-027617 JF - Measures of environmental performance and ecosystem condition AU - Stewart, Arthur J A2 - Schulze, Peter C. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 PB - National Academy Press, Washington, DC SN - 0309054419 KW - hydrology KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - effluents KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - rivers and streams KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - standardization KW - fresh-water environment KW - measurement KW - laboratory studies KW - toxicity KW - multivariate analysis KW - testing KW - microorganisms KW - Ceriodaphnia KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52375298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Arthur+J&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0309054419&rft.btitle=Insights+from+ambient+toxicity+testing&rft.title=Insights+from+ambient+toxicity+testing&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Guidelines for ethical professional conduct issued by the American Geological Institute AN - 52368465; 2000-031103 AB - Recently the American Geological Institute (AGI) issued guidelines for ethical professional conduct. These guidelines resulted from discussions at a 1997 GSA Presidential Conference on "Ethics in the Geosciences"; following the conference, a committee was named for this activity and directed to develop guidelines, rather than a "code". AGI requested aspirational, rather than educational or regulatory, guidelines. A major challenge faced by the committee was development of guidelines that cover the diversity of interests encompassed by the geosciences. Ethical codes and guidelines used by other professional organizations were studied and the one adapted by the American Chemical Society was selected as a template for the AGI statement. The AGI guidelines address the responsibilities that geoscientists have to the following groups: the public and society; the environment; the geosciences; the profession; the employer; employees; clients; students; and colleagues and associates. The AGI guidelines serve as a statement of the overarching fundamental values that form the foundation of ethical conduct in the geosciences. The AGI member societies are encouraged to develop more specific guidelines or codes of conduct that reflect their specific needs. This undertaking represents the first such effort within the broad geoscience community to elucidate ethical expectations for the profession. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Stow, Stephen AU - Abbott, David AU - Cronin, Vincent AU - Dunn, David AU - Hatcher, Robert AU - Holzer, Thomas L AU - Melrose, Tom AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 136 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - ethics KW - associations KW - AGI KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52368465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Guidelines+for+ethical+professional+conduct+issued+by+the+American+Geological+Institute&rft.au=Stow%2C+Stephen%3BAbbott%2C+David%3BCronin%2C+Vincent%3BDunn%2C+David%3BHatcher%2C+Robert%3BHolzer%2C+Thomas+L%3BMelrose%2C+Tom%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stow&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AGI; associations; ethics ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Geochemistry of hypabyssal rocks of the Midcontinent Rift system in Minnesota, and implications for a Keweenawan magmatic "family tree" AN - 52363975; 2000-033242 AB - The hypabyssal rocks associated with the Keweenawan (1.1 Ga) Midcontinent Rift along the Minnesota shore of Lake Superior are a distinct suite within the rock associations of this region. These rocks are found predominantly as ophitic diabase dikes and sills of various sizes, ranging from a few meters to several hundred meters across. Chilled margins were sampled and analyzed by neutron activation analysis and microprobe fused-bead techniques for bulk chemistry. Mineral compositions were obtained by electron microprobe. Variations in composition were found that are consistent with fractionation. Major-element modeling of fractionation indicates that the majority of the hypabyssal rocks formed at moderate pressures ( approximately 6 kbar), although a number show evidence of fractionation at near-surface levels, and some deeper ( approximately 10 kbar). Resorption features seen in plagioclase phenocrysts are evidence for magmatic evolution at varying levels in the crust. It is possible to relate the varied hypabyssal rocks to a single primary parent through polybaric fractionation. This parent is a high-Al "primitive olivine tholeiite"--a magma composition common among the volcanic rocks associated with the Midcontinent Rift. Trace-element modeling with this same parent composition yields results consistent with the formation of some hypabyssal rocks as products of a periodically tapped and replenished, constantly fractionating magma chamber, which can decouple the behavior of major and trace elements. JF - Planetary petrology and geochemistry; the Lawrence A. Taylor 60th birthday volume AU - Jerde, Eric A A2 - Snyder, Gregory A. A2 - Neal, Clive R. A2 - Ernst, W. Gary Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 PB - Bellwether Publishing, Columbia, MD SN - 0966586913 KW - United States KW - North America KW - Minnesota KW - igneous rocks KW - sills KW - electron probe data KW - models KW - intrusions KW - dikes KW - plutonic rocks KW - mineral composition KW - Keweenawan Rift KW - magmas KW - ophite KW - hypabyssal rocks KW - Great Lakes KW - Lake Superior KW - trace elements KW - crystal fractionation KW - geochemistry KW - diabase KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52363975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jerde%2C+Eric+A&rft.aulast=Jerde&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0966586913&rft.btitle=Geochemistry+of+hypabyssal+rocks+of+the+Midcontinent+Rift+system+in+Minnesota%2C+and+implications+for+a+Keweenawan+magmatic+%22family+tree%22&rft.title=Geochemistry+of+hypabyssal+rocks+of+the+Midcontinent+Rift+system+in+Minnesota%2C+and+implications+for+a+Keweenawan+magmatic+%22family+tree%22&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accumulation of (super 137) Cs and (super 90) Sr from contaminated soil by three grass species inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi AN - 52358443; 2000-037921 JF - Environmental Pollution (1987) AU - Entry, J A AU - Watrud, L S AU - Reeves, M Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 449 EP - 457 PB - Elsevier, Barking VL - 104 IS - 3 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - soils KW - Sr-90 KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - grass KW - pollutants KW - reclamation KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - vegetation KW - radioactive waste KW - bioaccumulation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - fungi KW - Cs-137 KW - cesium KW - metals KW - mycorrhizae KW - waste disposal KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52358443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution+%281987%29&rft.atitle=Accumulation+of+%28super+137%29+Cs+and+%28super+90%29+Sr+from+contaminated+soil+by+three+grass+species+inoculated+with+mycorrhizal+fungi&rft.au=Entry%2C+J+A%3BWatrud%2C+L+S%3BReeves%2C+M&rft.aulast=Entry&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution+%281987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02697491 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ENVPAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; bioaccumulation; bioavailability; cesium; concentration; Cs-137; fungi; grass; isotopes; metals; monitoring; mycorrhizae; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; reclamation; soils; Sr-90; strontium; vegetation; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Porosity characteristics of Cambrian mudrocks (Oak Ridge, East Tennessee, USA) and their implications for contaminant transport AN - 52346959; 2000-043611 AB - Thirty-eight mudrock samples from the Cambrian Conasauga Group were analysed by immersion, helium and mercury porosimetry. The data generated from these techniques include effective porosities, pore throat size distributions and sample densities. The purpose of these analyses was to obtain information required to evaluate the capacity of the Conasauga Group mudrock to retard transport of and to store contaminants on the Oak Ridge Reservation (East Tennessee, USA). Results indicate that the three porosities were 9.90+ or -2.61%, 3.8+ or -0.7% and 8.1+ or -4.3% for immersion (phi (sub I) ), mercury (phi (sub Hg) ) and helium porosity (phi (sub he) ), respectively. These values are considerably higher than those previously reported for these rocks (0.1-3.4%). The phi (sub Hg) values are commonly the smallest of the three. Although the three porosities generally show little change with depth, an expected trend as a result of the maximum burial depth of the Conasauga Group of >4 km, a decrease with depth is seen in some of the coreholes for only phi (sub I) . Furthermore, inconsistencies between the different porosity types provide an insight into the mudrock pore structure and related geochemical characteristics. For example, they indicate the existence of considerable pore space accessed only through <3 nm pore throats and the possibility of meteoric cement having replaced original diagenetic cement for some mudrock samples, which would lead to a possible instability to immersion with contaminated water. These characteristics have significant implications for the evaluation of the mudrock retardation and storage capacity for contaminants, and the design of remediation measures. JF - Geological Society Special Publications AU - Dorsch, J AU - Katsube, T J A2 - Aplin, Andrew C. A2 - Fleet, Andrew J. A2 - Macquaker, Joe H. S. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 157 EP - 173 PB - Geological Society of London, London VL - 158 SN - 0305-8719, 0305-8719 KW - United States KW - density KW - Conasauga Group KW - eastern Tennessee KW - Oak Ridge Tennessee KW - cores KW - Cambrian KW - remediation KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - transport KW - Tennessee KW - Copper Creek thrust sheet KW - water pollution KW - porosimetry KW - geochemistry KW - water KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - mudstone KW - Paleozoic KW - pollution KW - properties KW - porosity KW - saturation KW - Whiteoak Mountain thrust sheet KW - clastic rocks KW - design KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52346959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geological+Society+Special+Publications&rft.atitle=Porosity+characteristics+of+Cambrian+mudrocks+%28Oak+Ridge%2C+East+Tennessee%2C+USA%29+and+their+implications+for+contaminant+transport&rft.au=Dorsch%2C+J%3BKatsube%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Dorsch&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=158&rft.issue=&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=1862390444&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geological+Society+Special+Publications&rft.issn=03058719&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diags., sect., strat. col., 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cambrian; clastic rocks; Conasauga Group; Copper Creek thrust sheet; cores; density; design; eastern Tennessee; fractures; geochemistry; mudstone; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Tennessee; Paleozoic; pollution; porosimetry; porosity; properties; remediation; saturation; sedimentary rocks; Tennessee; transport; United States; water; water pollution; Whiteoak Mountain thrust sheet ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The temperature dependence of Ca(II) adsorption at the rutile-water interface AN - 52344355; 2000-045176 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 27 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - processes KW - calcium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - titration KW - temperate environment KW - complexing KW - mineral-water interface KW - adsorption KW - models KW - metals KW - rutile KW - calcium ion KW - oxides KW - potentiometry KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52344355?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+temperature+dependence+of+Ca%28II%29+adsorption+at+the+rutile-water+interface&rft.au=Ridley%2C+Moira+K%3BMachesky%2C+Michael+L%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkaline earth metals; calcium; calcium ion; complexing; geochemistry; metals; mineral-water interface; models; oxides; potentiometry; processes; rutile; temperate environment; titration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design of selective resins for the removal of pertechnetate and perchlorate from groundwater AN - 52326775; 2000-056859 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Brown, Gilbert M AU - Bonnesen, Peter V AU - Moyer, Bruce A AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Alexandratos, Spiro D AU - Patel, Vijay AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 EP - unpaginated PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 218, Part 1 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - anions KW - sorption KW - resins KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - perchlorate KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - decontamination KW - chemical properties KW - nitrate ion KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Design+of+selective+resins+for+the+removal+of+pertechnetate+and+perchlorate+from+groundwater&rft.au=Brown%2C+Gilbert+M%3BBonnesen%2C+Peter+V%3BMoyer%2C+Bruce+A%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BAlexandratos%2C+Spiro+D%3BPatel%2C+Vijay%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Gilbert&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=218%2C+Part+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9841236852&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 218th ACS national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anions; aquifers; chemical properties; chemical waste; decontamination; ground water; kinetics; nitrate ion; perchlorate; pollutants; pollution; remediation; resins; sorption ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficient separation of perchlorate from contaminated groundwater by bifunctional anion exchange resins AN - 52326391; 2000-056860 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Alexandratos, Spiro D AU - Ober, Robert AU - Plant, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 EP - unpaginated PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 218, Part 1 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - concentration KW - anions KW - experimental studies KW - resins KW - detection limit KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - perchlorate KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - laboratory studies KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - ion exchange KW - nitrate ion KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Efficient+separation+of+perchlorate+from+contaminated+groundwater+by+bifunctional+anion+exchange+resins&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BAlexandratos%2C+Spiro+D%3BOber%2C+Robert%3BPlant%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=218%2C+Part+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9841236852&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 218th ACS national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anions; aquifers; concentration; decontamination; detection limit; experimental studies; ground water; ion exchange; laboratory studies; nitrate ion; perchlorate; pollutants; pollution; resins; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen isotope analyses of olivine from the Blue Ridge of western North Carolina and Georgia AN - 52266212; 2001-015071 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Swanson, Samuel E AU - Maloof, Terri L AU - Crowe, Douglas E AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Hochella, Michael F, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 225 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - metaigneous rocks KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - mass spectra KW - Appalachians KW - olivine group KW - qualitative analysis KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - plutonic rocks KW - olivine KW - metamorphic rocks KW - orthosilicates KW - spectra KW - North America KW - isotope ratios KW - Blue Ridge Province KW - O-18/O-16 KW - metamorphism KW - ultramafics KW - deserpentinization KW - nesosilicates KW - Southern Appalachians KW - western North Carolina KW - North Carolina KW - crystallization KW - Georgia KW - crystal chemistry KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52266212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Oxygen+isotope+analyses+of+olivine+from+the+Blue+Ridge+of+western+North+Carolina+and+Georgia&rft.au=Swanson%2C+Samuel+E%3BMaloof%2C+Terri+L%3BCrowe%2C+Douglas+E%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BHochella%2C+Michael+F%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Swanson&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachians; Blue Ridge Province; crystal chemistry; crystallization; deserpentinization; Georgia; igneous rocks; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; metaigneous rocks; metamorphic rocks; metamorphism; nesosilicates; North America; North Carolina; O-18/O-16; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; oxygen; plutonic rocks; qualitative analysis; silicates; Southern Appalachians; spectra; stable isotopes; temperature; ultramafics; United States; western North Carolina ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field application of a genetically engineered microorganism for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon bioremediation process monitoring and control AN - 52264489; 2001-010954 JF - Biological Conferences OHOLO Proceedings AU - Sayler, Gary S AU - Cox, Chris D AU - Burlage, Robert AU - Ripp, Steven AU - Nivens, David E AU - Werner, Claudia AU - Ahn, Yeonghee AU - Matrubutham, Udayakumar A2 - Fass, Raffi A2 - Flashner, Yehuda A2 - Reuveny, Shaul Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 241 EP - 254 PB - Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, NY VL - 42 SN - 0520-1799, 0520-1799 KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Pseudomonas KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - manufactured gas plants KW - controls KW - organic compounds KW - bacteria KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - lysimeters KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52264489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Conferences+OHOLO+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Field+application+of+a+genetically+engineered+microorganism+for+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbon+bioremediation+process+monitoring+and+control&rft.au=Sayler%2C+Gary+S%3BCox%2C+Chris+D%3BBurlage%2C+Robert%3BRipp%2C+Steven%3BNivens%2C+David+E%3BWerner%2C+Claudia%3BAhn%2C+Yeonghee%3BMatrubutham%2C+Udayakumar&rft.aulast=Sayler&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=0306461021&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Conferences+OHOLO+Proceedings&rft.issn=05201799&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 42nd OHOLO conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; bioremediation; controls; degradation; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; lysimeters; manufactured gas plants; monitoring; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Pseudomonas; remediation; risk assessment; soils; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The solubility of crystalline Nd(OH) (super 3) and hydrolysis of Nd (super 3+) from 30 degrees to 290 degrees C with in-situ pH measurement AN - 52262446; 2001-015047 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Wood, S A AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Palmer, D A AU - Benezeth, Pascale AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 221 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - pressure KW - in situ KW - solutions KW - hydrolysis KW - solubility KW - temperature KW - measurement KW - sodium triflate KW - chemical reactions KW - sampling KW - equations of state KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52262446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+solubility+of+crystalline+Nd%28OH%29+%28super+3%29+and+hydrolysis+of+Nd+%28super+3%2B%29+from+30+degrees+to+290+degrees+C+with+in-situ+pH+measurement&rft.au=Wood%2C+S+A%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BPalmer%2C+D+A%3BBenezeth%2C+Pascale%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; equations of state; hydrolysis; in situ; measurement; pH; pressure; sampling; sodium triflate; solubility; solutions; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors affecting oxygen isotope fractionations between biogenic siderite and water AN - 52260669; 2001-019064 AB - Oxygen isotope compositions of biogenic iron minerals can be used to infer environmental conditions under which bacterial iron reduction may occur. The goal of this study was to determine the extent of chemical and microbial controls on oxygen isotope fractionations between biogenic siderite and water. The 18O/16O ratios of the siderite changed less than 1 per mil for a four-fold increase in bacterial growth, suggesting that changes in microbial activity had little affect on the isotope compositions of the biogenic mineral. On the other hand, fractionations varied with incubation time, concentrations of bicarbonate and siderite, and temperature. In experiments with initial 120 mM bicarbonate concentration, measured fractionations decreased with time and became constant after 168 hrs incubation. Low (<10% wt:wt) siderite concentrations in the final product yielded fractionations that were 3 to 14 per mil lower than samples having higher concentrations of siderite at the same temperature. When the low-siderite samples were excluded, a significant correlation (P<0.01) existed between the fractionation and temperature, which is in good agreement with equilibrium fractionations estimated for inorganically precipitated siderite and from theoretical calculations. These results demonstrate that temperature-dependent oxygen isotope fractionations between biogenic siderite and water can be obtained in carefully designed experiments. At the same time, however, oxygen isotope dynamics in microbial systems must be understood in context with chemical conditions under which microbes mediate the formation of the carbonate minerals. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zhang, Chuanlun AU - Horita, Juske AU - Cole, Dave R AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Lovley, Derek R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 276 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - isotope fractionation KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - siderite KW - factors KW - reduction KW - carbonates KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52260669?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Factors+affecting+oxygen+isotope+fractionations+between+biogenic+siderite+and+water&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Chuanlun%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BCole%2C+Dave+R%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong%3BLovley%2C+Derek+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Chuanlun&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=276&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonates; factors; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; O-18/O-16; oxygen; reduction; siderite; stable isotopes; temperature; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen isotope fractionation of iron oxide minerals at low temperatures AN - 52260474; 2001-019066 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Horita, Juske AU - Cole, Dave R AU - Valley, J W AU - Hayashi, K I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 276 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - isotope fractionation KW - oxygen KW - iron oxides KW - solutions KW - isotopes KW - sedimentary basins KW - solution KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - geothermal systems KW - chemical reactions KW - hematite KW - basins KW - oxides KW - thermodynamic properties KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - experimental studies KW - isotope ratios KW - biochemistry KW - oxyhydroxides KW - surface water KW - solutes KW - O-18/O-16 KW - equations KW - weathering KW - hydroxides KW - extraterrestrial geology KW - precipitation KW - bacteria KW - low temperature KW - aquatic environment KW - magnetite KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52260474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Oxygen+isotope+fractionation+of+iron+oxide+minerals+at+low+temperatures&rft.au=Horita%2C+Juske%3BCole%2C+Dave+R%3BValley%2C+J+W%3BHayashi%2C+K+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=Juske&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=276&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; bacteria; basins; biochemistry; chemical reactions; equations; experimental studies; extraterrestrial geology; geochemistry; geothermal systems; hematite; hydroxides; iron oxides; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; low temperature; magnetite; O-18/O-16; oxides; oxygen; oxyhydroxides; precipitation; sedimentary basins; solutes; solution; solutions; stable isotopes; surface water; temperature; thermodynamic properties; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - "In situ" quartz silt in Devonian mudstones from the Eastern US; a petrographic and geochemical investigation by scanning cathodoluminescence and ion microprobe mass spectrometry AN - 52260305; 2001-019089 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Krinsley, David AU - Schieber, Juergen AU - Riciputi, Lee AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 282 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - alteration KW - sediment-water interface KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - silica minerals KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - stable isotopes KW - sedimentary rocks KW - silica KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - Upper Devonian KW - Protista KW - mudstone KW - in situ KW - clastic sediments KW - textures KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - silt KW - Eastern U.S. KW - O-18/O-16 KW - paleogeography KW - cathodoluminescence KW - geochemical cycle KW - provenance KW - Radiolaria KW - Devonian KW - diagenesis KW - quartz KW - petrography KW - reconstruction KW - clastic rocks KW - microfossils KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52260305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=%22In+situ%22+quartz+silt+in+Devonian+mudstones+from+the+Eastern+US%3B+a+petrographic+and+geochemical+investigation+by+scanning+cathodoluminescence+and+ion+microprobe+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Krinsley%2C+David%3BSchieber%2C+Juergen%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Krinsley&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=282&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; cathodoluminescence; clastic rocks; clastic sediments; Devonian; diagenesis; Eastern U.S.; framework silicates; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; in situ; Invertebrata; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; microfossils; mudstone; O-18/O-16; oxygen; paleogeography; Paleozoic; petrography; Protista; provenance; quartz; Radiolaria; reconstruction; sediment-water interface; sedimentary rocks; sediments; silica; silica minerals; silicates; silt; spectra; stable isotopes; textures; United States; Upper Devonian ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogenic magnetization by a thermophilic iron-reducing bacterium AN - 52248339; 2001-023967 AB - Biogenic magnetite is recognized as a potential source for sediment magnetization and a physical biomarker of microbial activity. The goal of this study was to characterize the magnetization of iron minerals formed by a thermophilic iron-reducing bacterium TOR39 under laboratory conditions. Experiments were conducted at 65 degrees C and samples were collected at different times of incubation. Magnetic susceptibility of biogenic iron minerals increased three orders of magnitude, changing from 1.37 E-7 cubic meters/kg at 0 hour to 4.91 E-4 cubic meters/kg at 90 days. The increase in magnetic susceptibility is probably due to increases in both concentration and size of magnetite particles produced. Estimates from hysteresis loops at 300K showed that magnetite concentrations increased from 45% after 90 days incubation. Results from room-temperature hysteresis loops and low-temperature (20-300K) remanence measurements suggested that the size distribution of magnetite particles coarsened from superaparamagnetic-domain (30 nm) with incubation time. Further analysis showed that the single-domain (SD) particles could account for 26% of the total magnetite formed by TOR39. These results are consistent with observations of SD particles using transmission electron microscopy (Zhang et al., 1997). The volume fraction of such particles formed by TOR39 is much greater than the SD fraction formed by mesophilic iron-reducing bacteria (<1%) and similar in size and shape to particles formed by magnetotactic bacteria. Results of this study have significant implications for determining the origin and distribution of biogenic magnetite in natural environments and may help better understand the possible biogenic origin of magnetite in the Martian meteorite ALH84001. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Moskowitz, Bruce M AU - Zhang, Chuanlun AU - Cole, Dave R AU - Horita, Juske AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 379 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - experimental studies KW - stony meteorites KW - Martian meteorites KW - magnetic domains KW - magnetization KW - paleomagnetism KW - achondrites KW - TEM data KW - iron KW - temperature KW - meteorites KW - single domains KW - metals KW - magnetic susceptibility KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - magnetite KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52248339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Biogenic+magnetization+by+a+thermophilic+iron-reducing+bacterium&rft.au=Moskowitz%2C+Bruce+M%3BZhang%2C+Chuanlun%3BCole%2C+Dave+R%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moskowitz&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; bacteria; experimental studies; iron; magnetic domains; magnetic susceptibility; magnetite; magnetization; Martian meteorites; metals; meteorites; oxides; paleomagnetism; reduction; single domains; stony meteorites; TEM data; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lipid biomarkers and isotope systematics associated with thermophilic chemoautotrophs AN - 52244913; 2001-027681 AB - Thermophilic chemoautotrophs are commonly found in the hydrothermal vents and may make significant contributions to the carbon isotope signatures of hydrothermal fluids and dissolved gases. The goal of this study was to examine the lipid biomarkers and the associated isotope fractionations in a sulfate-reducing bacterium, Desulfotomaculum luciae, and an iron-reducing bacterium, Thermoterrabacterium ferrireducens, which can grow chemoautotrophically under thermophilic conditions. The bacteria were grown at 60 degrees C under an atmosphere of excess H (sub 2) /CO (sub 2) (80:20). D. luciae had polarlipid ester-linked fatty acids (PLFA) that were dominated by two terminally branched compounds, i15:0 (56 mole%) and i17:0 (22 mole%). T. ferrireducens had a more uniform distribution of PLFA with carbon numbers of 14 to 17, among which 14:0 and i16:0 compounds were unique to this bacterium. The (super 13) C/ (super 12) C ratios of total biomass of D. luciae (-29.84 per mil) were about 7 per mil lower than T. ferrireducens (-22.86 per mil). Carbon isotope fractionations between total biomass and the PLFA ranged from 3.87 to 23.26 per mil for D. luciae, and from 12.86 to 22.72 per mil for T. ferrireducens. In both species, the fatty acids were depleted in (super 13) C relative to the total biomass. It is possible that the metabolic pathways and rate of bacterial growth may have affected the isotopic compositions of the PLFA. A better understanding of isotope fractionations associated with lipid biomarkers in thermophiles may aid interpretation of the life record in hydrothermal environments. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ye, Qi AU - Zhang, Chuanlun AU - Peacock, Aaron AU - White, David C AU - Macko, Steve A AU - Cole, Dave R AU - Horita, Juske AU - Wiegel, Juergen AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 392 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - esters KW - fatty acids KW - lipids KW - isotopes KW - biomass KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - hydrothermal vents KW - Desulfotomaculum luciae KW - solutes KW - biomarkers KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - Thermoterrabacterium ferrireducens KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - carbon KW - bacteria KW - Desulfotomaculum KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52244913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Lipid+biomarkers+and+isotope+systematics+associated+with+thermophilic+chemoautotrophs&rft.au=Ye%2C+Qi%3BZhang%2C+Chuanlun%3BPeacock%2C+Aaron%3BWhite%2C+David+C%3BMacko%2C+Steve+A%3BCole%2C+Dave+R%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BWiegel%2C+Juergen%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ye&rft.aufirst=Qi&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=392&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biomarkers; biomass; C-13/C-12; carbon; Desulfotomaculum; Desulfotomaculum luciae; esters; fatty acids; hydrothermal vents; isotope ratios; isotopes; lipids; organic acids; organic compounds; solutes; stable isotopes; temperature; Thermoterrabacterium ferrireducens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical and morphological characterization of siderite formed by iron-reducing bacteria AN - 52242992; 2001-030468 AB - Biogenic siderite formation was examined under laboratory conditions. Results showed that different microbial processes had significant but different impacts on the chemical evolution of the fluids and the mineralogical transformation of the solids. JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Zhang, C AU - Vali, H AU - Romanek, C S AU - Roh, Y AU - Sears, S K AU - Phelps, T J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 EP - abstr. no. 1855 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 30 KW - crystal form KW - stony meteorites KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - Martian meteorites KW - crystal growth KW - Shewanella KW - iron KW - meteorites KW - laboratory studies KW - reduction KW - ALH 84001 KW - geochemistry KW - thermophilic taxa KW - biomineralization KW - experimental studies KW - achondrites KW - TEM data KW - morphology KW - siderite KW - biogenic processes KW - Allan Hills Meteorites KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52242992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Chemical+and+morphological+characterization+of+siderite+formed+by+iron-reducing+bacteria&rft.au=Zhang%2C+C%3BVali%2C+H%3BRomanek%2C+C+S%3BRoh%2C+Y%3BSears%2C+S+K%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirtieth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; ALH 84001; Allan Hills Meteorites; bacteria; biogenic processes; biomineralization; carbonates; crystal form; crystal growth; experimental studies; geochemistry; iron; laboratory studies; Martian meteorites; metals; meteorites; morphology; reduction; Shewanella; siderite; stony meteorites; TEM data; thermophilic taxa; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeochemical responses of Knox Group springs to precipitation at Oak Ridge, Tennessee AN - 52242341; 2001-031668 AB - The degree of variability of spring chemistry in temperate carbonate rocks has been shown to be related to recharge conditions and not aquifer conditions. This boundary condition variability can be interpreted using either temperature or electrical conductivity. Temperature and specific conductance data from springs draining an area in the Knox Group in Oak Ridge, Tennessee show that the spring waters can be modeled as mixtures of rapid-flowing and slow-flowing waters. Electrical conductivity data from the same springs show significant variability following storms. Modeling of a 15 month long record of daily specific conductance data using daily rainfall records revealed that the springs studied showed responses over periods of several days to major storm events before returning to pre-storm values. Empirically derived models for spring variability suggest that concentrated recharge accounts for up to 50% of the total recharge during storms, while percolation water feeds baseflow of springs between storm stresses. In many carbonate aquifers spring chemistry variability has been shown to be related to the percentage of concentrated recharge feeding the spring. The Knox Group outcrop areas near Oak Ridge and elsewhere in the Valley and Ridge Province have developed very thick masses of silty clay residual soils with numerous macropores and dolines. Unlike many carbonate terranes there are few perennial sinking streams. Most recharge occurs as quickflow via the numerous dolines that concentrate runoff during precipitation events, or as water that percolates through pervious zones in the residuum. Aquifer recharge via dolines connected to conduits has the same effect on spring chemistry as would sinking streams. Most recharge water in the Knox aquifer at Oak Ridge travels through the residuum with significant soil/water interaction which attenuates dye tracer concentrations and many groundwater contaminants. Ground-water tracing shows that although many springs are not fed by sinking streams, flow velocities are as rapid as average karstic channel velocities worldwide. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ketelle, Richard H AU - Davies, Gareth J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 331 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - electrical conductivity KW - dye tracers KW - Appalachians KW - karst KW - variations KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Knox Group KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - velocity KW - springs KW - residuum KW - storms KW - geochemistry KW - Valley and Ridge Province KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hydrology KW - North America KW - dolines KW - temperate environment KW - clastic sediments KW - rainfall KW - Paleozoic KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - models KW - recharge KW - runoff KW - carbonate rocks KW - solution features KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52242341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Hydrogeochemical+responses+of+Knox+Group+springs+to+precipitation+at+Oak+Ridge%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Ketelle%2C+Richard+H%3BDavies%2C+Gareth+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ketelle&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachians; aquifers; carbonate rocks; clastic sediments; dolines; dye tracers; electrical conductivity; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; hydrology; karst; Knox Group; models; North America; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Paleozoic; rainfall; recharge; residuum; runoff; sedimentary rocks; sediments; soils; solution features; springs; storms; temperate environment; temperature; Tennessee; United States; Valley and Ridge Province; variations; velocity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Condensation of carbon in supernovae; 1, Basic chemistry AN - 52227181; 2001-042499 AB - Contrary to the conventional wisdom on cosmic dust condensation based on thermochemical equilibrium theory, kinetic chemistry demonstrates that carbon condenses in supernovae even if C or =600-1000 degrees C assemblage. Sulfur-isotopic compositions of the sulfide phases range from delta (super 34) S (sub CDT) approximately -3 to +3 per mil, with a mean and standard deviation (among 21 analyses) of 0.0+ or -1.3 per mil, implying a mantle source. The entire spread of delta (super 34) S values is found within a single diamond (Mir 1702) that contains six different sulfide inclusions within its core. In this diamond, different inclusions have different sulfur-isotopic compositions, and two elongate sulfide grains vary in sulfur-isotopic composition along their lengths. Although micro-cracks and discontinuities visible in CL extend from some of the analyzed sulfide inclusions to one another and to various portions of the diamonds, no evidence was found for cracks extending to the present surfaces of the diamonds. The isotopic data are interpreted to indicate that (1) the sulfide phases were incorporated into diamond from slightly different sulfur-isotopic sources in the mantle, with individual diamonds sampling different isotopic sources during their growth; and (2) some sulfide inclusions, in diamonds such as 1702, experienced partial isotopic exchange with one another, during quenching from high temperature. Thus, although the sulfide inclusions in Yakutian diamonds evidently were derived from the mantle with little or no disturbance from extra-mantle sources, they record chemical and isotopic modification processes that arose during their quenching, probably during their transport to the Earth's surface in the kimberlites. JF - Proceedings of the International Kimberlite Conference AU - Ruzicka, A M AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Taylor, Lawrence A AU - Snyder, G A AU - Greenwood, James P AU - Keller, R A AU - Belanova, G P AU - Milledge, H J A2 - Gurney, John J. A2 - Gurney, James L. A2 - Pascoe, Michelle D. A2 - Richardson, Stephen H. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 741 EP - 749 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 7, Vol. 2 SN - 0197-4769, 0197-4769 KW - isotope fractionation KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - mass spectra KW - ultramafic composition KW - Russian Federation KW - stable isotopes KW - quenching KW - temperature KW - electron probe data KW - plutonic rocks KW - mineral composition KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - major elements KW - metamorphic rocks KW - inclusions KW - diamond KW - Canyon Diablo Troilite KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - Asia KW - isotope ratios KW - Yakutia Russian Federation KW - native elements KW - cathodoluminescence KW - ultramafics KW - paragenesis KW - mineral inclusions KW - X-ray data KW - S-34/S-32 KW - pyroxenite KW - kimberlite KW - peridotites KW - sulfur KW - sulfides KW - high temperature KW - eclogite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51212354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Kimberlite+Conference&rft.atitle=Petrogenesis+of+mantle-derived+sulfide+inclusions+in+Yakutian+diamonds%3B+chemical+and+isotopic+disequilibrium+during+quenching+from+high+temperatures&rft.au=Ruzicka%2C+A+M%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BTaylor%2C+Lawrence+A%3BSnyder%2C+G+A%3BGreenwood%2C+James+P%3BKeller%2C+R+A%3BBelanova%2C+G+P%3BMilledge%2C+H+J&rft.aulast=Ruzicka&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=7%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=741&rft.isbn=0799218650&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+International+Kimberlite+Conference&rft.issn=01974769&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - VIIth international kimberlite conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; Canyon Diablo Troilite; cathodoluminescence; chemical composition; Commonwealth of Independent States; diamond; eclogite; electron probe data; high temperature; igneous rocks; inclusions; ion probe data; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; kimberlite; major elements; mass spectra; metamorphic rocks; mineral composition; mineral inclusions; native elements; paragenesis; peridotites; plutonic rocks; pyroxenite; quenching; Russian Federation; S-34/S-32; spectra; stable isotopes; sulfides; sulfur; temperature; ultramafic composition; ultramafics; X-ray data; Yakutia Russian Federation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does block scheduling waste money? AN - 236329826; 01780348; 04179166 AB - Utilities could find that transmitting power using traditional block-scheduling conventions will not work in competitive bulk-power markets. These top-of-the-hour changes create large unnecessary load-following and regulation requirements. As the electric power industry becomes deregulated, with competitive generation separated from regulated transmission and system control, defining the requirements to meet time-varying customer loads and assigning responsibility is increasingly important. The effects of different scheduling conventions on intra-hour load-following requirements are presented in chart form. JF - Electrical World AU - Eric Hirst and Brendan Kirby AU - Eric Hirst and Brendan Kirby are electric-industry restructuring consultants in Oak Ridge, Tenn, and senior researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Y1 - 1999///January/February, PY - 1999 DA - January/February, 1999 SP - 40 CY - New York PB - McGraw Hill Publications Company VL - 213 IS - 1 SN - 00134457 KW - Engineering KW - Statistical data KW - Electric utilities KW - Electricity distribution KW - Deregulation KW - Energy management KW - US KW - 9140:Statistical data KW - 5150:Energy management KW - 4310:Regulation KW - 9190:US KW - 8340:Electric, water & gas utilities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/236329826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aabiglobal&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Electrical+World&rft.atitle=Does+block+scheduling+waste+money%3F&rft.au=Eric+Hirst+and+Brendan+Kirby%3BEric+Hirst+and+Brendan+Kirby+are+electric-industry+restructuring+consultants+in+Oak+Ridge%2C+Tenn%2C+and+senior+researchers+at+Oak+Ridge+National+Laboratory.&rft.aulast=Eric+Hirst+and+Brendan+Kirby&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=213&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Electrical+World&rft.issn=00134457&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Copyright - Copyright 1999 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-18 N1 - CODEN - ELWDA3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - US ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modeling Subsurface Contaminant Reactions and Transport at the Watershed Scale AN - 18280550; 5324959 AB - Concurrent physical and chemical non-equilibrium may arise at various scales and flowpaths during the subsurface transport of non-point source pollutants. Experimental investigations of these complex processes at watershed scales are data sparse, yet numerical studies may be useful for guidance of decision making. A compilation of research is presented that integrates the knowledge bases developed during previous experimental and numerical investigations at a proposed waste disposal site at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The objectives of this research were (1) to perform numerical simulations of coupled physical and chemical mass-transfer processes in watershed-scale, variably-saturated subsurface environments and (2) to evaluate their implications on uncertainty characterization. A comparison of numerical results with field data indicates that (1) multi-region preferential flow and solute transport exist under partially-saturated conditions and can be predicted theoretically and that (2) mass transfer between pore regions is an important process influencing contaminant movement in the subsurface. Simulations of watershed-scale, multi-species reactive solute transport suggest that dominance of geochemistry and/or hydrodynamics may occur simultaneously at different locales and influence the movement of one species relative to another. Execution times for the simulations of the reactive solute transport model indicate that the model is capable of identifying important parameters for site characterization efforts. JF - Assessment of Non-Point Source Pollution in the Vadose Zone AU - Gwo, J-P AU - Wilson, G V AU - Jardine, P M AU - D'Azevedo, E F A2 - Corwin, DL A2 - Loague, K A2 - Ellsworth, TR (eds) Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 14 EP - 44 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [URL:http://www.agu.org] SN - 0875900917 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - Modelling (Transport) KW - Solutes KW - Catchment areas KW - Pollution (Nonpoint sources) KW - Waste disposal KW - Modelling (Pollution) KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18280550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gwo%2C+J-P%3BWilson%2C+G+V%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BD%27Azevedo%2C+E+F&rft.aulast=Gwo&rft.aufirst=J-P&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=0875900917&rft.btitle=Modeling+Subsurface+Contaminant+Reactions+and+Transport+at+the+Watershed+Scale&rft.title=Modeling+Subsurface+Contaminant+Reactions+and+Transport+at+the+Watershed+Scale&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Descriptive theoretical treatment of the gas-solid reaction and mass transfer of hydrogen chloride and lead oxide AN - 17578926; 4657742 AB - Theoretical models are developed to describe and explain experimental observations of the kinetics of mass transfer and reaction between solid PbO porous pellets and HCl gas at 2000-4000 ppm molar concentration in air, principally between 500-700 degree C. The experiments were designed to simulate a hazardous waste incinerator operation, and the experimental results were reported in a previous work (Shor and Frazier, 1997). The primary models assume a series of two chemical reactions proceeding at different rates as the temperature is changed. Coupled partial differential equations with mass transfer and reaction terms were solved with best-available data for diffusion coefficients and reaction rate constants. Original data were available on solid and gaseous concentrations of reactants and products. The equations were solved using finite-difference calculations with moving boundary value conditions. The data were compared with results predicted by the model. The Henry's Law constant and diffusion coefficients of HCl were important in a sensitivity analysis as was the reaction rate constant of the initial reaction in the series. Less significant were the diffusion rate of the PbCl sub(2) final product, the solid state concentration of HCl, and the secondary reaction rate constant. JF - Advances in Environmental Research AU - Shor, J T AU - Frazier, G C AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory+, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6180, USA, shorjt@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 277 EP - 292 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1093-0191, 1093-0191 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Chemical reactions KW - Combustion products KW - Incinerators KW - Hazardous wastes KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17578926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Descriptive+theoretical+treatment+of+the+gas-solid+reaction+and+mass+transfer+of+hydrogen+chloride+and+lead+oxide&rft.au=Shor%2C+J+T%3BFrazier%2C+G+C&rft.aulast=Shor&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Environmental+Research&rft.issn=10930191&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Incinerators; Hazardous wastes; Combustion products; Chemical reactions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory stabilization/solidification of surrogate and actual mixed-waste sludge in glass and grout AN - 17440886; 4658560 AB - Grout and glass formulations were developed for the stabilization of highly radioactive tank sludges. These formulations were tested in the laboratory with a surrogate and with a sample of an actual mixed waste tank sludge. The grout formulation was tested at wet-sludge loadings of 50-60 wt%, giving a volume increase of about 40-50 vol%. Dried sludge was vitrified into glass at waste oxide loadings of 40-50 wt%, giving a volume decrease of about 50-60 vol%. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) metals included in surrogate testing were Ag, Ba, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Se, Tl and Hg. Since virtification would volatilize, not stabilize mercury, it was not included in the surrogates vitrified. The actual sludge sample was only characteristically hazardous for mercury by the toxic characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) but exceeded the Universal Treatment Standard (UTS) limit for chromium. The grout and glass formulations stabilized these RCRA metals within UTS limits. In addition, a grout leachability index of about 9-10 was measured for both super(85)Sr and super(137)Cs, meeting the recommended requirement of >6. The glass leachability index was estimated to be > 18 for cold cesium and strontium. JF - Waste Management AU - Spence, R D AU - Gilliam, T M AU - Mattus, CH AU - Mattus, A J AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6202, USA, suu@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 453 EP - 465 VL - 19 IS - 7-8 SN - 0956-053X, 0956-053X KW - mixed wastes KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Leaching KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Waste disposal KW - Containment KW - Hazardous wastes KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17440886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Management&rft.atitle=Laboratory+stabilization%2Fsolidification+of+surrogate+and+actual+mixed-waste+sludge+in+glass+and+grout&rft.au=Spence%2C+R+D%3BGilliam%2C+T+M%3BMattus%2C+CH%3BMattus%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Spence&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Management&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0956-053X%2899%2900237-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazardous wastes; Radioactive wastes; Waste disposal; Containment; Leaching DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0956-053X(99)00237-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combination Vascular Targeted and Tumor Targeted Radioimmunotherapy AN - 17404039; 4636183 AB - Rat MAb 201B, which binds to murine thrombomodulin, can deliver up to 50% of the injected dose of attached radioisotopes to the lung vascular endothelium. We have shown previously that intravenous injection of about 30 mu Ci of super(213)Bi-MAb 201B, which delivers about 15 Gy of alpha irradiation to the lung, is capable of eradicating small lung colonies (500-1000 cells) of the mammary tumor line, EMT-6. Larger tumors (>5000 cells) were not completely cured by this vascular targeted radioimmunotherapy (VT-RAIT) approach. We reasoned that VT-RAIT might make the lung vessels serving the tumor cells more permeable, allowing MAb targeted to the tumor cells to extravasate more readily and mediate more efficient standard radioimmunotherapy (RAIT). Distribution experiments with the tumor targeted MAb 13A (RAIT MAb), following VT-RAIT, did not demonstrate a large increase in tumor uptake; however, microautoradiography did indicate that MAb 13A was distributed more evenly throughout the tumor when administered after VT-RAIT. Therapy experiments on lung tumors of similar to 5000 cells each, combining super(213)Bi-MAb 201B (VT-RAIT) with super(213)Bi-MAb 13A (RAIT) 24 hours later, resulted in a better outcome (3 cured/10 at risk) than for control groups: RAIT only (0/10), VT-RAIT only (1/10), or no therapy (0/10). RAIT therapy delivered 48 hours after VT-RAIT had no apparent benefit. super(213)Bi-MAb 201B VT-RAIT followed by super(90)Y-MAb 13A Fab' RAIT showed only a slight improvement in tumor cures (2/10) over that in control groups: (0/9), (0/10), (0/10), respectively. These results suggest that optimal timing, dosage, and choice of MAb for RAIT should enhance the double MAb therapy approach significantly. JF - Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals AU - Kennel, S J AU - Lankford, T K AU - Foote, L J AU - Davis, IA AU - Boll, R A AU - Mirzadeh, S AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Bldg 4500S, Rm F150, PO Box 2008, Bethel Valley Rd. Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, kennelsj@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 371 EP - 379 VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 1084-9785, 1084-9785 KW - man KW - thrombomodulin KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Immunotherapy KW - Radioactive labelling KW - Radiotherapy KW - Tumors KW - Vascular system KW - W3 33160:Antibody based KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17404039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Biotherapy+and+Radiopharmaceuticals&rft.atitle=Combination+Vascular+Targeted+and+Tumor+Targeted+Radioimmunotherapy&rft.au=Kennel%2C+S+J%3BLankford%2C+T+K%3BFoote%2C+L+J%3BDavis%2C+IA%3BBoll%2C+R+A%3BMirzadeh%2C+S&rft.aulast=Kennel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Biotherapy+and+Radiopharmaceuticals&rft.issn=10849785&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Immunotherapy; Radiotherapy; Tumors; Vascular system; Radioactive labelling ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recovery in complex ecosystems AN - 17402118; 4627563 AB - Current ecosystem theory has a deceptively simple representation of recovery. In actual practice, recovery is affected by the frequency and extent of disturbances and by the spatial heterogeneity of the ecological system. Environmental changes may pass through thresholds causing recovery to a different plant and animal community. The sheer complexity of the system combined with unanticipated synergistic effects can make recovery trajectories difficult or impossible to predict. New theoretical constructs, based on stochastic nonlinear theory, will be needed to guide research and applications. JF - Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and Recovery AU - O'Neill, R V AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 181 EP - 187 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1386-1980, 1386-1980 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - Ecological balance KW - Ecosystem resilience KW - Ecosystem management KW - Brackish KW - Environmental restoration KW - Disturbance KW - Freshwater KW - Environment management KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Restoration KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control KW - D 04712:Environmental degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17402118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Aquatic+Ecosystem+Stress+and+Recovery&rft.atitle=Recovery+in+complex+ecosystems&rft.au=O%27Neill%2C+R+V&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Aquatic+Ecosystem+Stress+and+Recovery&rft.issn=13861980&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1009996332614 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Recovery in Aquatic Ecosystems. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecosystem resilience; Ecological balance; Ecosystem management; Environment management; Ecosystem disturbance; Restoration; Environmental restoration; Disturbance; Freshwater; Brackish; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009996332614 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Below-ground respiratory responses of sugar maple and red maple saplings to atmospheric CO sub(2) enrichment and elevated air temperature AN - 17375618; 4597555 AB - The research described in this paper represents a part of a much broader research project with the general objective of describing the effects of elevated [CO sub(2)] and temperature on tree growth, physiological processes, and ecosystem-level processes. The specific objective of this research was to examine the below-ground respiratory responses of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and red maple (Acer rubrum L.) seedlings to elevated atmospheric [CO sub(2)] and temperature. Red maple and sugar maple seedlings were planted in the ground in each of 12 open-top chambers and exposed from 1994 through 1997 to ambient air or air enriched with 30 Pa CO sub(2), in combination with ambient or elevated (+4 degree C) air temperatures. Carbon dioxide efflux was measured around the base of the seedlings and from root-exclusion zones at intervals during 1995 and 1996 and early 1997. The CO sub(2) efflux rates averaged 0.4 mu mol CO sub(2) m super(-2) s super(-1) in the root-exclusion zones and 0.75 mu mol CO sub(2) m super(-2) s super(-1) around the base of the seedlings. Mineral soil respiration in root-exclusion zones averaged 12% higher in the high temperature treatments than at ambient temperature, but was not affected by CO sub(2) treatments. The fraction of total efflux attributable to root + rhizosphere respiration ranged from 14 to 61% in measurements made around red maple plants, and from 35 to 62% around sugar maple plants. Root respiration rates ranged from 0 to 0.94 mu mol CO sub(2) s super(-1) m super(-2) of soil surface in red maple and from 0 to 1.02 in sugar maple. In both 1995 and 1996 root respiration rates of red maple were highest in high-CO sub(2) treatments and lowest in high temperature treatments. Specific red maple root respiration rates of excised roots from near the soil surface in 1996 were also highest under CO sub(2) enrichment and lowest in high temperature treatments. In sugar maple the highest rates of CO sub(2) efflux were from around the base of plants exposed to both high temperature and high-CO sub(2), even though specific respiration rates were lowest for this species under the high temperature and CO sub(2) enrichment regime. In both species, patterns of response to treatments were similar in root respiration and root mass, indicating that the root respiration responses were due in part to differences in root mass. The results underscore the need for separating the processes occurring in the roots from those in the forest floor and mineral soil in order to increase our understanding of the effects of global climate change on carbon sequestration and cycling in the below-ground systems of forests. JF - Plant and Soil AU - Edwards, N T AU - Norby, R J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA, nte@ornl.gov Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 85 EP - 97 VL - 206 IS - 1 SN - 0032-079X, 0032-079X KW - Acer rubrum KW - Acer saccharum KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Respiration KW - Climatic changes KW - Physiology KW - Temperature KW - Pollution effects KW - Growth KW - Carbon dioxide KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17375618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+and+Soil&rft.atitle=Below-ground+respiratory+responses+of+sugar+maple+and+red+maple+saplings+to+atmospheric+CO+sub%282%29+enrichment+and+elevated+air+temperature&rft.au=Edwards%2C+N+T%3BNorby%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=206&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+and+Soil&rft.issn=0032079X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1004319109772 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Physiology; Temperature; Carbon dioxide; Climatic changes; Pollution effects; Respiration; Growth DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004319109772 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Efficacy of Material Safety Data Sheets and Worker Acceptability AN - 17373911; 4561722 AB - This study quantified how well the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) diffused information to workers, compared the efficacy of an OSHA type form with the Chemical Manufacturer's Association/American National Standards Institute (CMA/ANSI Z400.1) structure and the International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC), and determined worker acceptability and understanding of MSDSs at a large national laboratory. An inventory questionnaire and quantitative testing were used to gather data from 160 union workers employed at the national laboratory. Most of the workers in the sample population studied reported favorably on MSDS acceptability, accessibility, and understanding. All three formats significantly diffused information to workers, although approximately one third of the information was not absorbed. The rank order of finish between the three different formats was ICSC, OSHA type format; and CMA/ANSI Z400.1 respectively; however, there were no significant differences in scores. There were significant differences in how well each format answered specific test questions. JF - Journal of Safety Research AU - Phillips, C C AU - Wallace, B C AU - Hamilton, C B AU - Pursley, R T AU - Petty, G C AU - Bayne, C K AD - Office of Safety and Health Protection, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 113 EP - 122 VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 0022-4375, 0022-4375 KW - Material Safety Data Sheets KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Materials handling KW - Occupational safety KW - Standards KW - Information systems KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17373911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Safety+Research&rft.atitle=The+Efficacy+of+Material+Safety+Data+Sheets+and+Worker+Acceptability&rft.au=Phillips%2C+C+C%3BWallace%2C+B+C%3BHamilton%2C+C+B%3BPursley%2C+R+T%3BPetty%2C+G+C%3BBayne%2C+C+K&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Safety+Research&rft.issn=00224375&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0022-4375%2899%2900005-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Occupational safety; Information systems; Standards; Chemicals; Materials handling DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4375(99)00005-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological risk assessment in a large river-reservoir: 3. Benthic invertebrates AN - 13606216; 199904952 AB - The risk to benthic invertebrates posed by chemical contamination of Poplar creek and Clinch river (CR) sediment is presented as part of a comprehensive ecological risk assessment at the Oak Ridge reservation. Although the evidence was not strong, the available data indicated significant risks to benthic invertebrates from sediment exposure. Habitat characteristics explained much of the data variation. Sediment associated organisms at most sites were exposed to levels of several contaminants (arsenic, chromium, mercury, silver, PCB and PAH) that were observed to be toxic; the biosurvey showed a 20 per cent reduction in taxa richness and abundance; and the statistical analysis of physical, contaminant and biosurvey data did not exclude contaminants as possible causal factors. The use of biological data provided a more realistic and defensible characterization of risks. (See also preceding and following abstracts). JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Jones, D S AU - Barnthouse, L W AU - Suter, G W AU - Efroymson, R A AU - Field, J M AU - Beauchamp, J J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 599 EP - 609 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Animals (invertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Hazard KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13606216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Ecological+risk+assessment+in+a+large+river-reservoir%3A+3.+Benthic+invertebrates&rft.au=Jones%2C+D+S%3BBarnthouse%2C+L+W%3BSuter%2C+G+W%3BEfroymson%2C+R+A%3BField%2C+J+M%3BBeauchamp%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological risk assessment in a large river-reservoir: 6. Bioindicators of fish population health AN - 13603335; 199904955 AB - The patterns and relationships between contaminant levels in the environment and a wide range of biological effects or responses in representative fish species is presented for the Clinch river/Watts Bar reservoir (CR/WBR) system. Much of the contamination of the CR /WBR system originated from the U.S. Department of Energy's facilities on the Oak Ridge Reservation which bordered the CR/WBR system. Fish with the highest levels of contamination (primarily mercury and PCB) showed significant induction of detoxification enzymes, organ dysfunction, increased frequency of histopathological lesions, impaired reproduction and reduced fish community integrity. Mercury, the dominant contaminant, decreased in concentration from the upper reaches of Poplar creek to the lower Clinch river. In Poplar creek, statistical correlations were observed between individual bioindicator responses and organ dysfunction, histopathological damage and reproductive impairment. Species richness and their abundance could not be correlated with contaminant loading. There are 43 references. (See also preceding and following abstracts). JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Admas, S M AU - Bevelhimer AU - Greeley AU - Levine, DA AU - Teh, S J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 628 EP - 640 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Enzymes (see also individual groups below) KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13603335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Ecological+risk+assessment+in+a+large+river-reservoir%3A+6.+Bioindicators+of+fish+population+health&rft.au=Admas%2C+S+M%3BBevelhimer%3BGreeley%3BLevine%2C+DA%3BTeh%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Admas&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=628&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological risk assessment in a large river-reservoir: 5. Aerial insectivorous wildlife AN - 13603039; 199904954 AB - Risks to aerial insectivores (rough-winged swallows, little brown bats and endangered grey bats) were assessed for the remedial investigation of the Clinch river/Poplar creek system. Contaminants of potential ecological concern (COPEC) were identified and variations were recalculated by Monte Carlo methods to provide a better estimate of the potential exposure. The results of the assessment suggested that population level effects to rough-winged swallows and little brown bats were considered unlikely, although the already endangered grey bats could suffer significantly from foraging in limited subreaches of the catchment. The assessment illustrated the advantage of an iterative approach to ecological risk assessment. There are 34 references. (See also preceding and following abstracts). JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Baron, LA AU - Sample, B E AU - Suter, G W AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 621 EP - 627 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aerial KW - Hazard KW - Insectivore KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13603039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Ecological+risk+assessment+in+a+large+river-reservoir%3A+5.+Aerial+insectivorous+wildlife&rft.au=Baron%2C+LA%3BSample%2C+B+E%3BSuter%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Baron&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=621&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological risk assessment in a large river reservoir: 2. Fish community AN - 13602735; 199904951 AB - The assessment of risks to fish in the Clinch River Operable Unit, due to contaminants released by the U.S. Department of Energy's activities on its Oak Ridge Reservation in Tennessee, in the most contaminated area, the Poplar creek embayment is summarised. Fish community surveys, fish body burdens, toxicity tests of water, suborganismal bioindicators and single chemical toxicity test all provided ambiguous evidence of a significant risk. However, the analyses indicated that fish communities were depauperate, PCB burdens were at toxic levels in catfish, indicators were indicative of toxic effects and toxic concentrations had been found in laboratory test. Interpretation of the data was difficult due to upstream contamination of both the Clinch river and Poplar creek. (See also preceding and following abstracts). JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Suter, G W AU - Barnthouse, L W AU - Efroymson, R A AU - Jager, H AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 589 EP - 598 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Analysis KW - Equipment KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Hazard KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13602735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Ecological+risk+assessment+in+a+large+river+reservoir%3A+2.+Fish+community&rft.au=Suter%2C+G+W%3BBarnthouse%2C+L+W%3BEfroymson%2C+R+A%3BJager%2C+H&rft.aulast=Suter&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological risk assessment in a large river-reservoir: 1. Introduction and background AN - 13602649; 199904950 AB - A remedial investigation of the Clinch river/Poplar creek system superfund site was established by the U.S. Department of Energy, located in eastern Tennessee, near Oak Ridge, consisting of 70 river km and 40 km2 of surface area. The environmental setting, the contamination history and the study approach are summarized and general results of the site characterization are provided. Conceptual models for the design step are described and discussed. Throughout the evaluation of preliminary data, it was identified that waterborne contaminants were going to be rapidly flushed through the system and that the focus should be on particle-associated contaminants that resided in the sediment. There are 36 references. (See also following abstracts). JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Cook, R B AU - Suter, G W AU - Sain, E R AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 581 EP - 588 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Superfund KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13602649?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Ecological+risk+assessment+in+a+large+river-reservoir%3A+1.+Introduction+and+background&rft.au=Cook%2C+R+B%3BSuter%2C+G+W%3BSain%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological risk assessment in a large river-reservoir: 4. Piscivorous wildlife AN - 13602626; 199904953 AB - An iterative weight of evidence approach was employed to assess the rish of contaminants present in 4 piscivorous wildlife species (osprey Pandion haliaetus, great blue heron Ardea herodias, mink Mustela vison and river otter Lutra canadensis) in the Clinch river /Poplar creek catchment. Exposures of contaminants of potential ecological concern (COPEC) re-estimated using Monte Carlo methods, were determined for individual locations, then over ecologically relevant spatial scales. Mink was not at risk from COPEC, mercury and PCB presented a significant risk to river otter at only one location, field surveys of heron rookeries and osprey nests indicated no adverse effects on reproduction and mink fed on fish from the Clinch river displayed reduced reproduction only to non-statistically significant levels. The weight of evidence indicated no risk to any animal apart from river otter, possibly at risk from mercury and PCB. There are 33 references. (See also preceding and following abstracts). JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Sample, B E AU - Suter, G W AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 610 EP - 620 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Birds (see also individual groups below) KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Hazard KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13602626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Ecological+risk+assessment+in+a+large+river-reservoir%3A+4.+Piscivorous+wildlife&rft.au=Sample%2C+B+E%3BSuter%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Sample&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=610&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lanthanide Field Tracers Demonstrate Enhanced Transport of Transuranic Radionuclides by Natural Organic Matter AN - 17217572; 4493846 AB - Transuranic (TRU) radionuclides buried 25 years ago in shallow unlined disposal trenches in a fractured shale saprolite had been detected in groundwater from downgradient monitoring wells and in surface water seeps. Field observations had suggested the actinide radionuclides were mobilized by natural organic matter (NOM) and rapidly transported with little retardation. A 73-day natural gradient tracer experiment injected trivalent lanthanides (Nd and Eu) as analogues to determine the mechanisms and rates of actinide transport at the field scale. Adsorption isotherms for super(241)Am and Eu with saprolite from the site confirmed a very high affinity for adsorption (R > 50 000) in the absence of NOM. However, reactive and nonreactive tracers arrived at approximately the same time along a 10-m long deep flow path, and anion-exchange chromatography and filtration suggested that the mobile lanthanides in groundwater were a NOM complex. Although flow through a shallow flow path was intermittent, reflecting transient recharge events, large storms resulted in coincident peaks of both reactive and nonreactive tracers, suggesting that they migrated at similar rates over distances of 78 m. We conclude that NOM facilitated the almost-unretarded transport of lanthanide tracers and, by analogy, that NOM is facilitating the mobilization and rapid migration of the TRU radionuclides. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Mccarthy, J F AU - Sanford, W E AU - Stafford, P L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA, jjjrnl.gov Y1 - 1998/12/15/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Dec 15 SP - 3901 EP - 3906 VL - 32 IS - 24 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - lanthanides KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Americium KW - Actinides KW - Tracers KW - Organometallic complexes KW - Organic matter KW - Europium KW - Transuranics KW - Radioisotopes KW - Adsorption KW - Radioactive contamination KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Lanthanides KW - Groundwater KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17217572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Lanthanide+Field+Tracers+Demonstrate+Enhanced+Transport+of+Transuranic+Radionuclides+by+Natural+Organic+Matter&rft.au=Mccarthy%2C+J+F%3BSanford%2C+W+E%3BStafford%2C+P+L&rft.aulast=Mccarthy&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-12-15&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=3901&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tracers; Organic matter; Europium; Pollution dispersion; Radioactive contamination; Adsorption; Radioisotopes; Groundwater pollution; Lanthanides; Americium; Organometallic complexes; Actinides; Transuranics; Groundwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mouse spermatozoa in high concentrations of glycerol: chemical toxicity vs osmotic shock at normal and reduced oxygen concentrations. AN - 69147416; 9917349 AB - The cryobiological preservation of mouse spermatozoa has presented difficulties in the form of poor motilities or irreproducibility. We have identified several likely underlying problems. One is that published studies have used concentrations of the cryoprotectant glycerol that are substantially lower (0.3 M) than the approximately 1 M concentrations that are optimal for most cells. Another may arise from the known high susceptibility of mouse sperm to free radical damage. We have identified two contributors to damage from higher concentrations of glycerol, namely, chemical toxicity proportional to concentration and exposure time and osmotic damage arising from too rapid an addition and removal of the glycerol. When toxicity is minimized by restricting the exposure time to 1 or 5 min and osmotic shock is minimized by adding and removing the glycerol stepwise, relatively high percentages of the sperm survive contact with 0.8 M glycerol. Free-radical damage in mouse sperm is known to be proportional to the oxygen concentration. We have determined the consequences of reducing the oxygen to <3% of atmospheric by the use of a bacterial membrane preparation, Oxyrase. Oxyrase reduced damage from centrifugation and substantially reduced damage from osmotic shock; however, it did not significantly reduce glycerol toxicity. JF - Cryobiology AU - Katkov, I I AU - Katkova, N AU - Critser, J K AU - Mazur, P AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 1998/12// PY - 1998 DA - December 1998 SP - 325 EP - 338 VL - 37 IS - 4 SN - 0011-2240, 0011-2240 KW - Cryoprotective Agents KW - 0 KW - Free Radicals KW - Oxygenases KW - EC 1.13.- KW - Oxyrase KW - EC 1.14.- KW - Glycerol KW - PDC6A3C0OX KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred ICR KW - Osmotic Pressure KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Temperature KW - Oxygenases -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Sperm Motility -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Free Radicals -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Semen Preservation -- methods KW - Cryoprotective Agents -- toxicity KW - Spermatozoa -- drug effects KW - Spermatozoa -- metabolism KW - Cryopreservation -- methods KW - Glycerol -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69147416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cryobiology&rft.atitle=Mouse+spermatozoa+in+high+concentrations+of+glycerol%3A+chemical+toxicity+vs+osmotic+shock+at+normal+and+reduced+oxygen+concentrations.&rft.au=Katkov%2C+I+I%3BKatkova%2C+N%3BCritser%2C+J+K%3BMazur%2C+P&rft.aulast=Katkov&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1998-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cryobiology&rft.issn=00112240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1999-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Cryobiology 2001 Mar;42(2):151 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation of single-domain magnetite by a thermophilic bacterium AN - 52506454; 1999-018667 AB - Magnetite is a common product of bacterial iron reduction and may serve as a potential physical indicator of biological activity in geological settings. Here we report the formation of single-domain magnetite under laboratory conditions by a thermophilic fermentative bacterial strain TOR-39 that was isolated from the deep subsurface. Time-course analyses were performed at 65 degrees C to study the effect of bacterial activity on solution chemistry and magnetite formation during the growth of TOR-39. Run products were examined by transmission electron microscopy. Magnetite particles formed exclusively outside of bacterial cells and exhibited octahedral shapes having relatively equal length and width (<15% difference). Tiny magnetite particles (<12 nm) nucleated between 10 and 11 h of incubation and increased to average lengths of 55.4 + or - 26.8 nm after 24 h of incubation. Between 24 h and 22 d of incubation, magnetite particles maintained average lengths of 56.2 + or - 24.8 nm. Based on size constraints, greater than 85% of the particles observed fell within the magnetic single domain. Little to no magnetite was detected in abiotic controls at 65 or 95 degrees C, or in TOR-39 cultures whose activity was suppressed. Unlike mesophilic iron-reducing bacteria (e.g., GS-15), TOR-39 produced crystals having shapes and sizes similar to some particles produced intracellularly by magnetotactic bacteria. Thus the single-domain magnetite produced by thermophiles such as TOR-39 may represent a heretofore unrecognized biological contribution to natural remanent magnetization in sedimentary basins and other geothermal environments. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Zhang, Chuanlun AU - Vali, Hojatollah AU - Romanek, Christopher S AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Liu, Shi V Y1 - 1998/12// PY - 1998 DA - December 1998 SP - 1409 EP - 1418 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 11-12, Part 2 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - thermophilic taxa KW - biomineralization KW - iron minerals KW - sedimentary basins KW - magnetization KW - paleomagnetism KW - crystal growth KW - natural remanent magnetization KW - TEM data KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - nucleation KW - remanent magnetization KW - bacteria KW - basins KW - oxides KW - pH KW - Eh KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52506454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Formation+of+single-domain+magnetite+by+a+thermophilic+bacterium&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Chuanlun%3BVali%2C+Hojatollah%3BRomanek%2C+Christopher+S%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BLiu%2C+Shi+V&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Chuanlun&rft.date=1998-12-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=11-12%2C+Part+2&rft.spage=1409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; basins; biomineralization; crystal growth; Eh; hydrothermal conditions; iron minerals; magnetite; magnetization; natural remanent magnetization; nucleation; oxides; paleomagnetism; pH; remanent magnetization; sedimentary basins; TEM data; thermophilic taxa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulfur isotope variability in biogenic pyrite; reflections of heterogeneous bacterial colonization? AN - 52506365; 1999-018671 AB - The top 20 cm of sediments at active cold seeps in Monterey Bay, coastal California, contain framboidal pyrite that occurs as infillings and pseudomorphs of the chambers of the tests of foraminifera and rarely as irregularly shaped grains. Sulfur isotope compositions obtained with the ion microprobe show depletions in (super 34) S (delta (super 34) S = -41 to -5 per mil, CDT), and large variations both within and among these pyrite grains. Intergranular differences in delta (super 34) S values in the same sediment are as large as 35 per mil, and intragranular zoning reaches 15 per mil. Zoning is regular in some grains, with systematic isotope changes from core to rim or from one foraminiferal chamber to another, but irregular in others. The regular zoning is consistent with an increase in (super 34) S through time. Backscattered-electron imaging reveals three types of pyrite: isolated framboids in a porous aggregation ("PF-pyrite"), agglomerated framboids with cementing interstitial pyrite ("F+I-pyrite"), and recrystallized pyrite with isolated relicts of framboids ("RF-pyrite"). In individual grains, RF-pyrite cores grade into F+I-pyrite toward grain rims, and F+I-pyrite grades into PF-pyrite at the grain edges. These textures are consistent with a paragenetic sequence whereby framboids first agglomerate (PF-pyrite), then cement (F-I-pyrite), and finally recrystallize (RF-pyrite). The delta (super 34) S values of RF-pyrite are generally lower than that of F+I-pyrite; if the paragenetic sequence is correct, then this trend parallels the regular core-rim isotopic zoning observed in some grains. The implied increase in delta (super 34) S with time is consistent with Rayleigh fractionation of sulfur in a closed system. Bacteria are intimately involved in the production of pyrite from our samples, and heterogeneous colonization by bacteria provides a simple explanation for the sulfur isotope heterogeneity among and within grains: The foraminifera provide open space for colonization and local nutrients for bacterial growth, whereas the cell walls of the bacteria may provide a local nucleation site for sulfides. If so, then initial colonization is reflected in lower delta (super 34) S values, whereas later bacterial emigration to other foraminifera chambers is indicated by higher delta (super 34) S values. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Kohn, Matthew J AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Stakes, Debra AU - Orange, Daniel L Y1 - 1998/12// PY - 1998 DA - December 1998 SP - 1454 EP - 1468 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 11-12, Part 2 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - United States KW - biomineralization KW - Protista KW - isotopes KW - textures KW - isotope ratios KW - stable isotopes KW - colonization KW - Foraminifera KW - California KW - marine sediments KW - biogenic processes KW - S-34/S-32 KW - Monterey Bay KW - iron sulfides KW - framboidal texture KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - sulfur KW - Invertebrata KW - pyrite KW - sulfides KW - microfossils KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52506365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Sulfur+isotope+variability+in+biogenic+pyrite%3B+reflections+of+heterogeneous+bacterial+colonization%3F&rft.au=Kohn%2C+Matthew+J%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BStakes%2C+Debra%3BOrange%2C+Daniel+L&rft.aulast=Kohn&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=1998-12-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=11-12%2C+Part+2&rft.spage=1454&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; biomineralization; California; colonization; Foraminifera; framboidal texture; Invertebrata; iron sulfides; isotope ratios; isotopes; marine sediments; microfossils; Monterey Bay; Protista; pyrite; S-34/S-32; sediments; stable isotopes; sulfides; sulfur; textures; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observations pertaining to the origin and ecology of microorganisms recovered from the deep subsurface of Taylorsville Basin, Virginia AN - 52083085; 2002-053776 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Onstott, T C AU - Phelps, T J AU - Colwell, F S AU - Ringelberg, D AU - White, D C AU - Boone, D R AU - McKinley, J P AU - Stevens, T O AU - Long, P E AU - Balkwill, D L AU - Griffin, W T AU - Kieft, T Y1 - 1998/12// PY - 1998 DA - December 1998 SP - 353 EP - 385 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - United States KW - Virginia KW - fatty acids KW - sulfates KW - biomass KW - natural gas KW - biochemistry KW - petroleum KW - iron KW - Taylorsville Basin KW - reservoir rocks KW - observations KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - Essex County Virginia KW - Caroline County Virginia KW - metals KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52083085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Observations+pertaining+to+the+origin+and+ecology+of+microorganisms+recovered+from+the+deep+subsurface+of+Taylorsville+Basin%2C+Virginia&rft.au=Onstott%2C+T+C%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BColwell%2C+F+S%3BRingelberg%2C+D%3BWhite%2C+D+C%3BBoone%2C+D+R%3BMcKinley%2C+J+P%3BStevens%2C+T+O%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BBalkwill%2C+D+L%3BGriffin%2C+W+T%3BKieft%2C+T&rft.aulast=Onstott&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-12-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; biochemistry; biomass; Caroline County Virginia; Essex County Virginia; fatty acids; geochemistry; iron; metals; microorganisms; natural gas; observations; organic acids; organic compounds; petroleum; reduction; reservoir rocks; sulfates; Taylorsville Basin; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monoclonal Antibody to Rat CD63 Detects Different Molecular Forms in Rat Tissue AN - 17154700; 4446736 AB - From mice immunized with rat endothelial cell membranes, we isolated several hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to a 45-kDa glycoprotein expressed on the surface of cultured cells. One of these antibodies, 523-14A, was purified and used for immunoaffinity chromatography, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. The glycoprotein containing the antigen for MAb 523-14A, gp45, was isolated from rat lung endothelial cell membranes using wheat germ agglutinin and antibody affinity chromatography sequentially. Mass spectrometry of tryptic peptides from gel purified bands identified gp45 as rat CD63, a member of the transmembrane-4 superfamily. Western blot analyses of tissues from F344 rats showed that kidney, spleen, uterus, and ovaries expressed CD63 at high levels. Thymus, salivary gland, testicles, intestines, pancreas, and adrenals expressed lower amounts. Tissue cell types expressing CD63 were also examined and the results showed that, in addition to the expected expression on lymphoid cells, CD63 was expressed on many epithelial and muscle cells as well. The mobility of CD63 on SDS-PAGE varied widely, indicative of molecular masses ranging from 45 kDa in some tissues to nearly 60 kDa in others. JF - Hybridoma AU - Kennel, S J AU - Lankford, P K AU - Foote, L J AU - Davis, IA AD - Bldg 4500S MS-6101, Life Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA Y1 - 1998/12// PY - 1998 DA - Dec 1998 SP - 509 EP - 515 VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 0272-457X, 0272-457X KW - CD63 antigen KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - Hybridoma KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - W3 33375:Antibodies KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - F 06771:Function UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17154700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hybridoma&rft.atitle=Monoclonal+Antibody+to+Rat+CD63+Detects+Different+Molecular+Forms+in+Rat+Tissue&rft.au=Kennel%2C+S+J%3BLankford%2C+P+K%3BFoote%2C+L+J%3BDavis%2C+IA&rft.aulast=Kennel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1998-12-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hybridoma&rft.issn=0272457X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hybridoma; Monoclonal antibodies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enzymatic Conversion of Sucrose to Hydrogen AN - 17120018; 4426529 AB - The enzymatic conversion of sugars to hydrogen could be a promising method for alternative fuel production. Maple tree sap is a source of environmental sugar (e.g., sucrose) that has the potential to be converted into hydrogen using the enzymes invertase, glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), hydrogenase, and glucose isomerase (GI) and the cofactor NADP super(+)/NADPH. The kinetics of hydrogen production have been studied, and optimal conditions for hydrogen production are described. At low initial sucrose concentrations, in the absence of glucose isomerase, stoichiometric yields of 1 mol of H sub(2)/mol of sucrose were achieved. At higher sucrose concentrations, the yield of hydrogen declined so that at an initial sucrose concentration of 292 mM only 7% yield of hydrogen was obtained. The reason for this low yield was studied and shown not to be caused by enzyme inactivation or a pH drop during the reaction but due to an instability of the cofactor NADP super(+). Although gluconic acid inhibited both NADPH production and oxidation by GDH and hydrogenase, respectively, it was not the major cause of NADP super(+) instability. Fructose was also shown to be converted to hydrogen if GI was present in the reaction mixture. Also, by starting with sucrose, 1.34 mol of H sub(2)/mol of sucrose was obtained if GI was present in the reaction mixture. JF - Biotechnology Progress AU - Woodward, J AU - Orr, M AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6194, USA, oop@ornl.gov Y1 - 1998/12// PY - 1998 DA - Dec 1998 SP - 897 EP - 902 VL - 14 IS - 6 SN - 8756-7938, 8756-7938 KW - NADP+ KW - NADPH KW - glucose dehydrogenase KW - glucose isomerase KW - hydrogen KW - sucrose KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Sugar KW - Fuels KW - Hydrogenase KW - W2 32550:Energy, minerals KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17120018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+Progress&rft.atitle=Enzymatic+Conversion+of+Sucrose+to+Hydrogen&rft.au=Woodward%2C+J%3BOrr%2C+M&rft.aulast=Woodward&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-12-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=897&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+Progress&rft.issn=87567938&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuels; Hydrogenase; Sugar ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-integrated, flux-based monitoring to determine sources and sinks for PCBs in streams AN - 51640174; 2006-013361 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - McCarthy, John F AU - Palmer, Jennifer A AU - Southworth, George R AU - Ham, Kenneth D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11/10/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Nov 10 SP - 317 EP - 318 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - underground storage tanks KW - Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant KW - surface water KW - sinks KW - PCBs KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - rivers KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - East Fork Poplar Creek KW - movement KW - Tennessee KW - fluvial features KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - streams KW - discharge KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51640174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Time-integrated%2C+flux-based+monitoring+to+determine+sources+and+sinks+for+PCBs+in+streams&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+John+F%3BPalmer%2C+Jennifer+A%3BSouthworth%2C+George+R%3BHam%2C+Kenneth+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1998-11-10&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - America Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; discharge; East Fork Poplar Creek; environmental analysis; fluvial features; halogenated hydrocarbons; monitoring; movement; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; remediation; rivers; sinks; solutes; streams; surface water; Tennessee; underground storage tanks; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New life in old rocks? A testimony to ten years of subsurface microbiology AN - 1270038675; 2013-011148 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Onstott, Tullis C AU - Fredrickson, Jim K AU - Stevens, Todd O AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - White, David C AU - Colwell, Rick S AU - Balkwill, David L AU - DeFlaun, Mary F AU - Kieft, Tom AU - Boone, David R AU - Suflita, Joe M AU - Krumholz, Lee R AU - Griffin, Tim W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11/10/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Nov 10 SP - 53 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - sedimentary rocks KW - pollutants KW - tracers KW - sandstone KW - rocks KW - research KW - environmental analysis KW - clastic rocks KW - biota KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1270038675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=New+life+in+old+rocks%3F+A+testimony+to+ten+years+of+subsurface+microbiology&rft.au=Onstott%2C+Tullis+C%3BFredrickson%2C+Jim+K%3BStevens%2C+Todd+O%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BWhite%2C+David+C%3BColwell%2C+Rick+S%3BBalkwill%2C+David+L%3BDeFlaun%2C+Mary+F%3BKieft%2C+Tom%3BBoone%2C+David+R%3BSuflita%2C+Joe+M%3BKrumholz%2C+Lee+R%3BGriffin%2C+Tim+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Onstott&rft.aufirst=Tullis&rft.date=1998-11-10&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2013-01-17 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biota; clastic rocks; environmental analysis; microorganisms; pollutants; research; rocks; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; tracers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inorganic reduction of CO (sub 2) to HCOOH, CH (sub 4) and other reduced carbon compounds with application to subseafloor hydrothermal systems AN - 1270038377; 2013-011181 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Allen, Douglas E AU - Berndt, Mike E AU - Seyfried, William E, Jr AU - Horita, Juske AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11/10/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Nov 10 SP - 58 EP - 59 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - oceanic crust KW - methane KW - communities KW - oxidation KW - hydrothermal vents KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - alkanes KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - organic compounds KW - Mid-Atlantic Ridge KW - geothermal systems KW - chemical reactions KW - carbon KW - hydrocarbons KW - reduction KW - Schulz-Flory Sequence KW - ocean floors KW - crust KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - P-T conditions KW - mid-ocean ridges KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1270038377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Inorganic+reduction+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+to+HCOOH%2C+CH+%28sub+4%29+and+other+reduced+carbon+compounds+with+application+to+subseafloor+hydrothermal+systems&rft.au=Allen%2C+Douglas+E%3BBerndt%2C+Mike+E%3BSeyfried%2C+William+E%2C+Jr%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=1998-11-10&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2013-01-17 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Atlantic Ocean; carbon; carbon dioxide; chemical reactions; communities; crust; geothermal systems; hydrocarbons; hydrothermal vents; methane; Mid-Atlantic Ridge; mid-ocean ridges; ocean floors; oceanic crust; organic compounds; oxidation; P-T conditions; reduction; Schulz-Flory Sequence; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron reduction and formation of magnetite and siderite by thermophilic and psycrophilic bacteria; implications for iron biomineralization in extreme environments AN - 1270038217; 2013-011170 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Zhang, Chuanlun AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Stapleton, Ray AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Vali, Hojatollah AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11/10/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Nov 10 SP - 57 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - biomineralization KW - ecosystems KW - TEM data KW - iron KW - temperature KW - siderite KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - carbonates KW - psychrophilic taxa KW - microorganisms KW - magnetite KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1270038217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Iron+reduction+and+formation+of+magnetite+and+siderite+by+thermophilic+and+psycrophilic+bacteria%3B+implications+for+iron+biomineralization+in+extreme+environments&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Chuanlun%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong%3BStapleton%2C+Ray%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BVali%2C+Hojatollah%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Chuanlun&rft.date=1998-11-10&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2013-01-17 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; biomineralization; carbonates; ecosystems; iron; magnetite; metals; microorganisms; oxides; psychrophilic taxa; reduction; siderite; TEM data; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the three-dimensional structure of the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia AN - 52557089; 1998-064437 AB - Kinematic plate tectonic reconstructions predict that the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia experienced oblique convergence throughout the Cenozoic. Even though oblique convergence along plate boundaries is usually partitioned between transcurrent and contractional components of deformation, kinematic reconstructions of the Cordillera ignore deformation along the strike. Instead, a doubly vergent, fold-thrust geometry has been suggested for the Cordillera, and about 100 km of NW-SE horizontal shortening has been estimated using standard two-dimensional reconstruction techniques. Therefore, current reconstructions (in map and cross section view) can only assume deformation paths perpendicular to the trend of the Cordillera (NW-SE dip-slip). This introduces significant errors and distortions in estimates of horizontal shortening, hydrocarbon maturation and migration histories, and basin reconstructions. The main goal of this project is to better understand the 3D structure and kinematics of the Cordillera Oriental. The significance of this study is to provide the first estimate of deformation partition in this region, therefore improving the construction of restored cross-sections, palinspastic maps and paleogeographic reconstructions. A three-dimensional kinematic model of part of the Cordillera Oriental will be built using detailed field mapping, available subsurface information, and remote sensing. This local three-dimensional model will account for deformation along and across strike, and can be used to extrapolate the results to regional studies. Detailed field mapping will focus on structures thought to accommodate NW-SE horizontal shortening, and computer-aided remote sensing, reconstruction, and three-dimensional visualization will be used to build and test the kinematic model of the Cordillera. Collection of new, detailed field information will be at the core of this project, and will include detailed field mapping of approximately 400 km (super 2) , collection of mesoscopic strain data, and observation of structural style and crosscutting relationships (stratigraphic and tectonic). JF - AAPG Bulletin AU - Montes, Camilo AU - Hatcher, Robert D, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 2166 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK VL - 82 IS - 11 SN - 0149-1423, 0149-1423 KW - geophysical surveys KW - strain KW - Colombia KW - Cenozoic KW - visualization KW - partitioning KW - strike KW - transcurrent faults KW - faults KW - Andes KW - Eastern Cordillera KW - three-dimensional models KW - plate boundaries KW - dip-slip faults KW - deformation KW - paleogeography KW - plate convergence KW - two-dimensional models KW - kinematics KW - crustal shortening KW - South America KW - contraction KW - plate tectonics KW - surveys KW - reconstruction KW - fold and thrust belts KW - remote sensing KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52557089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+three-dimensional+structure+of+the+Cordillera+Oriental+of+Colombia&rft.au=Montes%2C+Camilo%3BHatcher%2C+Robert+D%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Montes&rft.aufirst=Camilo&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.issn=01491423&rft_id=info:doi/10.1306%2F00AA7DE2-1730-11D7-8645000102C1865D L2 - http://aapgbull.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AABUD2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Andes; Cenozoic; Colombia; contraction; crustal shortening; deformation; dip-slip faults; Eastern Cordillera; faults; fold and thrust belts; geophysical surveys; kinematics; paleogeography; partitioning; plate boundaries; plate convergence; plate tectonics; reconstruction; remote sensing; South America; strain; strike; surveys; three-dimensional models; transcurrent faults; two-dimensional models; visualization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/00AA7DE2-1730-11D7-8645000102C1865D ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring and characterization of polyaromatic compounds in the environment AN - 52439294; 1999-060606 JF - Talanta (Oxford) AU - Vo-Dinh, T AU - Fetzer, J AU - Campiglia, A D Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 943 EP - 969 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0039-9140, 0039-9140 KW - methods KW - dosimetry KW - biosensors KW - chromatography KW - chemical analysis KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bibliography KW - automated analysis KW - organic compounds KW - fluorescence KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - spectroscopy KW - review KW - portable field monitors KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - remote sensing KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52439294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Talanta+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Monitoring+and+characterization+of+polyaromatic+compounds+in+the+environment&rft.au=Vo-Dinh%2C+T%3BFetzer%2C+J%3BCampiglia%2C+A+D&rft.aulast=Vo-Dinh&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=943&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Talanta+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00399140&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00399140 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 150 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - TLNTA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; automated analysis; bibliography; biosensors; chemical analysis; chromatography; dosimetry; field studies; fluorescence; hydrocarbons; in situ; methods; monitoring; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; portable field monitors; remote sensing; review; spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of time-dependent physical and chemical processes on the migration of chelated radionuclides in fractured shale AN - 51739098; 2005-024097 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Mehlhorn, Tonia L AU - Larsen, Ingvar L AU - Bailey, William B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 343 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - fractured materials KW - isotopes KW - shale KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - radioactive tracers KW - bacteria KW - chelation KW - clastic rocks KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51739098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Influence+of+time-dependent+physical+and+chemical+processes+on+the+migration+of+chelated+radionuclides+in+fractured+shale&rft.au=Jardine%2C+Philip+M%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BMehlhorn%2C+Tonia+L%3BLarsen%2C+Ingvar+L%3BBailey%2C+William+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=343&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; chelation; clastic rocks; fractured materials; ground water; isotopes; migration of elements; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive tracers; sedimentary rocks; shale; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Locating microbial activity zones in the subsurface using genetic search algorithms AN - 51706435; 2005-045142 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Mahinthakumar, Kumar G AU - Gwo, Jack P AU - Moline, Gerilynn R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 391 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - methane KW - numerical models KW - genetic algorithms KW - geomicrobiology KW - data processing KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - alkanes KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - digital simulation KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - algorithms KW - microorganisms KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51706435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Locating+microbial+activity+zones+in+the+subsurface+using+genetic+search+algorithms&rft.au=Mahinthakumar%2C+Kumar+G%3BGwo%2C+Jack+P%3BMoline%2C+Gerilynn+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mahinthakumar&rft.aufirst=Kumar&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; bacteria; data processing; digital simulation; genetic algorithms; geomicrobiology; ground water; hydrocarbons; mathematical models; methane; microorganisms; numerical models; organic compounds; pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clay mineral composition of ice-rafted sediments collected from the 1994 Arctic Ocean Section, East-central Chukchi Sea; North Pole AN - 51335676; 2005-022791 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Naidu, Sathy A AU - Cooper, Lee W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 439 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - radioactivity KW - sea ice KW - Amerasia Basin KW - Russian Federation KW - drift KW - Siberia KW - mineral composition KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - ice KW - sediments KW - Arctic Ocean KW - Asia KW - sediment transport KW - clastic sediments KW - Arctic region KW - kaolinite KW - ice rafting KW - clay minerals KW - provenance KW - Chukchi Sea KW - Canada KW - North Pole KW - petrography KW - Laptev Sea KW - sheet silicates KW - Alaska KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51335676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Clay+mineral+composition+of+ice-rafted+sediments+collected+from+the+1994+Arctic+Ocean+Section%2C+East-central+Chukchi+Sea%3B+North+Pole&rft.au=Naidu%2C+Sathy+A%3BCooper%2C+Lee+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Naidu&rft.aufirst=Sathy&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; Amerasia Basin; Arctic Ocean; Arctic region; Asia; Canada; Chukchi Sea; clastic sediments; clay minerals; Commonwealth of Independent States; drift; ice; ice rafting; kaolinite; Laptev Sea; mineral composition; North Pole; petrography; provenance; radioactivity; Russian Federation; sea ice; sediment transport; sediments; sheet silicates; Siberia; silicates; United States; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geographic analysis yields new Neandertal theory AN - 51212242; 1999-052398 JF - GeoWorld AU - Dobson, Jerry Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 32 EP - 33 PB - Adams Business Media, Arlington Heights, IL VL - 11 IS - 11 SN - 1528-6274, 1528-6274 KW - human evolution KW - Venus figurines KW - halogens KW - Homo KW - Homo sapiens neanderthalensis KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - Theria KW - iodine KW - Homo sapiens KW - geographic information systems KW - Cro-Magnon KW - Eutheria KW - Chordata KW - Quaternary KW - Mammalia KW - Primates KW - Hominidae KW - sea-level changes KW - Pleistocene KW - coastal environment KW - information systems KW - Vertebrata KW - Tetrapoda KW - 11:Vertebrate paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51212242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GeoWorld&rft.atitle=Geographic+analysis+yields+new+Neandertal+theory&rft.au=Dobson%2C+Jerry&rft.aulast=Dobson&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GeoWorld&rft.issn=15286274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; Chordata; coastal environment; Cro-Magnon; Eutheria; geographic information systems; halogens; Hominidae; Homo; Homo sapiens; Homo sapiens neanderthalensis; human evolution; information systems; iodine; Mammalia; Pleistocene; Primates; Quaternary; sea-level changes; Tetrapoda; Theria; upper Pleistocene; Venus figurines; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Insights into the Mars sulfur cycle from sulfur isotopic systematics of SNC's AN - 50288175; 2004-067579 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Greenwood, J P AU - Riciputi, L R AU - Taylor, L A AU - McSween, Harry Y, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 535 EP - 536 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - isotope fractionation KW - nakhlite KW - stony meteorites KW - isotopes KW - Martian meteorites KW - mantle KW - Mars KW - landing sites KW - Nakhla Meteorite KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - SNC Meteorites KW - meteorites KW - geothermal systems KW - Mars Pathfinder Program KW - isotope ratios KW - Lafayette Meteorite KW - Governador Valadares Meteorite KW - Viking Program KW - achondrites KW - terrestrial planets KW - planets KW - shergottite KW - S-34/S-32 KW - sulfur KW - sulfides KW - high temperature KW - crust KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50288175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Insights+into+the+Mars+sulfur+cycle+from+sulfur+isotopic+systematics+of+SNC%27s&rft.au=Greenwood%2C+J+P%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R%3BTaylor%2C+L+A%3BMcSween%2C+Harry+Y%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Greenwood&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; crust; geothermal systems; Governador Valadares Meteorite; high temperature; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; Lafayette Meteorite; landing sites; mantle; Mars; Mars Pathfinder Program; Martian meteorites; meteorites; Nakhla Meteorite; nakhlite; planets; S-34/S-32; shergottite; SNC Meteorites; stable isotopes; stony meteorites; sulfides; sulfur; temperature; terrestrial planets; Viking Program ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) for biogeochemical dynamics AN - 50055985; 2010-031350 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Voorhees, Larry D AU - Apol, Tasnima AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 21 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - Distributed Active Archive Center KW - biochemistry KW - ground methods KW - government agencies KW - data processing KW - satellite methods KW - information management KW - data management KW - Earth Observing System KW - dynamics KW - NASA KW - data bases KW - productivity KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50055985?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Oak+Ridge+National+Laboratory+%28ORNL%29+Distributed+Active+Archive+Center+%28DAAC%29+for+biogeochemical+dynamics&rft.au=Voorhees%2C+Larry+D%3BApol%2C+Tasnima%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Voorhees&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; data bases; data management; data processing; Distributed Active Archive Center; dynamics; Earth Observing System; government agencies; ground methods; information management; NASA; productivity; satellite methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of Petroleum-Contaminated Soils by Thin-Layer Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detection AN - 17189758; 4480124 AB - Petroleum hydrocarbons from 20 soils from refineries or other industrial sites were extracted with a mixture of chloroform and methanol (1:1, v/v), and the extracts were analyzed by thin layer chromatography with flame ionization detection (TLC/FID). The analysis method involved spotting a small volume of sample extract (typically 1 to 3 mu l) on ten silica-coated quartz rods, and chromatographically separating constituents in the spots using solvent systems of increasing polarities (hexane, toluene, and dichloromethane + methanol). We achieved complete separation of saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, resins, and asphaltenes from the hydrocarbon-contaminated soils with this method. Analysis of the separated constituents by TLC/FID also allowed quantification of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons without interference from soil biogenic lipids. A simplified version of the method permitted excellent separation of aliphatics + aromatics (forming a single peak) from resins and asphaltenes. The procedure is rapid (complete analysis of ten samples in about 1 h after extraction). Thus, the method seems well suited for synoptic surveys or screening and characterizing numerous samples prior to using more detailed and costly analyses. JF - Journal of Soil Contamination AU - Napolitano, GE AU - Richmond, JE AU - Stewart, A J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6351, USA Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - Nov 1998 SP - 709 EP - 724 VL - 7 IS - 6 SN - 1058-8337, 1058-8337 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Chromatography KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Separation processes KW - Soil contamination KW - Petroleum KW - Sampling methods KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17189758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+Contamination&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+Petroleum-Contaminated+Soils+by+Thin-Layer+Chromatography+with+Flame+Ionization+Detection&rft.au=Napolitano%2C+GE%3BRichmond%2C+JE%3BStewart%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Napolitano&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=709&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+Contamination&rft.issn=10588337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil contamination; Separation processes; Petroleum; Hydrocarbons; Chromatography; Sampling methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The viability of recycling plastics by tertiary processes AN - 16134681; 4596001 AB - This paper examines the viability of tertiary recycling (depolymerization of a clean stream) as an alternative to secondary recycling (i.e., mechanical recycling), quaternary recycling (i.e., incineration with heat recovery) and disposal by landfilling. A life cycle approach, which addresses both financial and environmental costs and benefits, is adopted to compare the alternatives. The discussion focuses not only on the full cost and benefits of the competing approaches, but also the perspectives of the parties that incur these costs and benefits. The limited information currently available suggests that depolymerization is not a particularly attractive approach from a financial perspective. Current secondary recycling technologies that utilize clean PET and HDPE appear to be superior in this regard. In addition, depolymerization processes do not appear to hold significant environmental advantages over currently available secondary processes. Although data on the environmental implications of depolymerization and secondary processes targeted at clean waste (i.e., depolymerization's closest competitor) are limited, there is no strong evidence that depolymerization results in lower overall emissions or damages. This position is supported by the fact that both secondary recycling and depolymerization displace virgin resins. From an energy balance perspective, tertiary recycling appears to hold no particular advantage. Finally, tertiary recycling currently holds no advantage over secondary recycling in terms of conservation of materials--once again because tertiary and secondary recycling of clean, single-resin waste streams both displace virgin polymers. And there is no evidence to suggest that additional secondary recycling of clean plastic waste is limited by potential market size. JF - Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management AU - Curlee, T R AU - Das, S AD - Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6205, USA Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - Nov 1998 SP - 148 EP - 160 VL - 25 IS - 3-4 SN - 1088-1697, 1088-1697 KW - depolymerization KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Life cycle analysis KW - Recycling KW - Tertiary treatment KW - Waste management KW - Cost-benefit analysis KW - Plastics KW - Polymers KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16134681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Solid+Waste+Technology+and+Management&rft.atitle=The+viability+of+recycling+plastics+by+tertiary+processes&rft.au=Curlee%2C+T+R%3BDas%2C+S&rft.aulast=Curlee&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=148&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Solid+Waste+Technology+and+Management&rft.issn=10881697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 1999-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cost-benefit analysis; Life cycle analysis; Plastics; Polymers; Recycling; Tertiary treatment; Waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranium solubility of carbonate-rich uranium-contaminated soils AN - 52538659; 1998-074278 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Elless, M P AU - Lee, S Y Y1 - 1998/10// PY - 1998 DA - October 1998 SP - 147 EP - 162 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 107 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - concentration KW - Fernald Environmental Management Project KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - waste management KW - Hamilton County Ohio KW - metals KW - Cincinnati Ohio KW - risk assessment KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52538659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Uranium+solubility+of+carbonate-rich+uranium-contaminated+soils&rft.au=Elless%2C+M+P%3BLee%2C+S+Y&rft.aulast=Elless&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-10-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; Cincinnati Ohio; concentration; Fernald Environmental Management Project; ground water; Hamilton County Ohio; hazardous waste; metals; Ohio; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; risk assessment; soils; solubility; United States; uranium; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamics of bromide exchange on ferrihydrite; implications for bromide transport AN - 52491116; 1999-027124 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Brooks, S C AU - Taylor, D L AU - Jardine, P M Y1 - 1998/10// PY - 1998 DA - October 1998 SP - 1275 EP - 1279 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 62 IS - 5 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - solute transport KW - chlorine KW - sand KW - clastic sediments KW - halogens KW - bromide ion KW - bromine KW - ferrihydrite KW - iron KW - chemical reactions KW - chloride ion KW - metals KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - ion exchange KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52491116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Thermodynamics+of+bromide+exchange+on+ferrihydrite%3B+implications+for+bromide+transport&rft.au=Brooks%2C+S+C%3BTaylor%2C+D+L%3BJardine%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1998-10-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Pub. No. 4760 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bromide ion; bromine; chemical reactions; chloride ion; chlorine; clastic sediments; ferrihydrite; geochemistry; halogens; ion exchange; iron; metals; oxides; pH; sand; sediments; solute transport; thermodynamic properties; tracers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor radon concentration survey in Mexico AN - 52342059; 2000-048332 JF - Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry AU - Espinosa, G AU - Gammage, R B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/10// PY - 1998 DA - October 1998 SP - 227 EP - 229 PB - Elsevier, Lausanne-Budapest VL - 236 IS - 1-2 SN - 0236-5731, 0236-5731 KW - dosimetry KW - geologic hazards KW - Po-210 KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - radon KW - urban environment KW - ventilation KW - geochemical surveys KW - radioactive isotopes KW - noble gases KW - central Mexico KW - construction KW - soils KW - bedrock KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - Rn-222 KW - measurement KW - Mexico KW - metals KW - surveys KW - northern Mexico KW - design KW - polonium KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52342059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Indoor+radon+concentration+survey+in+Mexico&rft.au=Espinosa%2C+G%3BGammage%2C+R+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Espinosa&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1998-10-01&rft.volume=236&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.issn=02365731&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international conference on Methods and applications of radioanalytical chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JRNCDM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; central Mexico; concentration; construction; design; dosimetry; geochemical surveys; geologic hazards; isotopes; measurement; metals; Mexico; monitoring; noble gases; northern Mexico; Po-210; polonium; radioactive isotopes; radioactivity; radon; Rn-222; soils; surveys; urban environment; ventilation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drought resistance of two hybrid Populus clones grown in a large-scale plantation AN - 17208451; 4486541 AB - Poplar hybrids were grown with irrigation in a large-scale plantation to investigate the mechanisms underlying clonal differences in drought resistance. Beginning in spring 1992, Populus trichocarpa x P. deltoides (TD) and P. deltoides x P. nigra (DN) cuttings received 46, 76, or 137 cm year super(-1) of irrigation to supplement the 18-20 cm of annual precipitation, and all trees received the same fertilization regime. Stem volume, assessed as the square of stem diameter at breast height times tree height (D super(2)H), and water relations of the trees were studied from the end of their second growing season until the end of their fifth growing season. By the end of the second growing season, stem volume of Clone TD was 40-146% larger than that of Clone DN, but stem volume growth was independent of irrigation in excess of 46 cm year super(-1) in both clones. During the third growing season, stem volume growth of both clones was limited by both the 46- and 76-cm irrigation treatments, so that by the end of the third growing season trees in the 46-cm irrigation treatment were only half the size of trees in the 137-cm irrigation treatment. These treatment differences were maintained through the fifth growing season. Although stem volumes of Clone TD trees in the 76- and 137-cm irrigation treatments were larger than the corresponding values for Clone DN trees at the end of the third growing season (1994), these clonal differences gradually decreased in subsequent years and were not detectable after 5 years, because stem volume relative growth rate of Clone DN was greater than that of Clone TD in all treatments. Although both clones exhibited similar predawn leaf water potentials, Clone DN typically maintained higher midday leaf water potentials, suggesting better stomatal control of water loss. Clonal and treatment differences in osmotic potential at full turgor were minimal and could not explain the clonal differences in drought resistance. Root density and root density to stem volume ratio increased more in response to moderate drought in Clone DN than in Clone TD, resulting in enhanced drought resistance (high stem volume growth rate under moderate drought conditions) and an increased capacity to withdraw water from the soil. We conclude that the greater drought resistance of Clone DN compared with Clone TD was the result of the maintenance of a more favorable water balance by stomatal regulation and greater carbon allocation to roots during the early stages of drought. However, the low root density to stem volume ratio in Clone DN growing in the 46-cm irrigation treatment suggests that severe water limitation restricted the preferential allocation of carbon to belowground tissues, so that both root and shoot growth were constrained by severe drought. JF - Tree Physiology AU - Tschaplinski, T J AU - Tuskan, G A AU - Gebre, G M AU - Todd, DE AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA Y1 - 1998/10// PY - 1998 DA - Oct 1998 SP - 653 EP - 658 VL - 18 IS - 10 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - clones KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Tolerance KW - Water stress KW - Trees KW - Irrigation KW - Drought KW - Limiting factors KW - Cottonwood trees KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17208451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=Drought+resistance+of+two+hybrid+Populus+clones+grown+in+a+large-scale+plantation&rft.au=Tschaplinski%2C+T+J%3BTuskan%2C+G+A%3BGebre%2C+G+M%3BTodd%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Tschaplinski&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-10-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tolerance; Water stress; Trees; Irrigation; Limiting factors; Drought; Cottonwood trees ER - TY - BOOK T1 - On `toxicity equivalent factors' and `relative potency' to account for differential toxicity and carcinogenicity: Concerns about uncommon effects of dose in animal experiments and environmental exposures to humans AN - 17144102; 4439871 AB - A number of historical experiments have been conducted to determine whether mixtures of chemical compounds can be treated as if their ingredients act by joint toxicological mechanisms. For mixtures comprised of pairs and combinations of 42 different organic compounds, the LD sub(50) or LC sub(50) could be predicted accurately from the Finney harmonic-mean concept which defines joint toxicity as a potency-adjusted concept in which one compound can be substituted for another. This analysis revisits data from those classic experiments that serve as the basis for Threshold Limit Value (TLV) applications to mixtures, to determine whether the potency-adjustment can be based on comparisons of bioassay data as published in the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances instead of requiring the LD sub(50) (or LC sub(50)) for each ingredient as used by the Finney model. This study has found that the toxicity of a mixture can be predicted accurately from a variety of bioassay data for each component of the mix and an LD sub(50) (or LC sub(50)) for only one ingredient of the mixture. Finally, concerns are described about transforming high-dose data from laboratory experiments to low-dose human environmental exposures. JF - Environmetrics AU - Jones, T D A2 - Mao, Y A2 - Argo, J (eds) Y1 - 1998/10// PY - 1998 DA - Oct 1998 SP - 15 EP - 539 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Ave. New York NY 10158 USA KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Animal models KW - Environmental health KW - Pollution effects KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Dose-response effects KW - Toxicity KW - Bioassays KW - H 14000:Toxicology KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17144102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jones%2C+T+D&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=On+%60toxicity+equivalent+factors%27+and+%60relative+potency%27+to+account+for+differential+toxicity+and+carcinogenicity%3A+Concerns+about+uncommon+effects+of+dose+in+animal+experiments+and+environmental+exposures+to+humans&rft.title=On+%60toxicity+equivalent+factors%27+and+%60relative+potency%27+to+account+for+differential+toxicity+and+carcinogenicity%3A+Concerns+about+uncommon+effects+of+dose+in+animal+experiments+and+environmental+exposures+to+humans&rft.issn=11804009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Single- and Dual-Fractal Analysis of Hybridization Binding Kinetics: Biosensor Applications AN - 17120691; 4423170 AB - The diffusion-limited hybridization kinetics of analyte in solution to a receptor immobilized on a biosensor or immunosensor surface is analyzed within a fractal framework. The data may be analyzed by a single- or a dual-fractal analysis. This was indicated by the regression analysis provided by Sigmaplot. It is of interest to note that the binding rate coefficient and the fractal dimension both exhibit changes in the same direction for both the single-fractal and the dual-fractal analysis examples presented. For example, for a single-fractal analysis and for the hybridization of 10 nM 16*CFl (oligonucleotide) to 16*B immobilized via sulfosuccinimidyl-6-(biotinamido)hexanoate and streptavidin using chemical and thermal regeneration, an increase in the fractal dimension, D sub(f) from 1.211 (chemical regeneration) to 1.394 (thermal regeneration), leads to an increase in the binding rate coefficient, k, from 86.53 (chemical regeneration) to 100.0 (thermal regeneration). An increase in the degree of heterogeneity on the biosensor surface leads to an increase in the binding rate coefficient. When a dual-fractal analysis was utilized, an increase in the fractal dimension value from D sub(f1) to D sub(f2) leads to an increase in the binding rate coefficient value from k sub(1) to k sub(2). The fractional order of dependence of the binding rate coefficient, k sub(1), on (a) the analyte (rRNA) concentration in solution and (b) on the fractal dimension, D sub(f1), for the hybridization kinetics to detect Listeria species further reinforces the fractal nature of the system. The binding rate coefficient(s) expressions developed as a function of the analyte concentration in solution and the fractal dimension are of particular value since they provide a means to better control of biosensor or immunosensor performance. JF - Biotechnology Progress AU - Sadana, A AU - Vo-Dinh, T AD - Advanced Monitoring Development Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA Y1 - 1998/10// PY - 1998 DA - Oct 1998 SP - 782 EP - 790 VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 8756-7938, 8756-7938 KW - oligonucleotides KW - rRNA KW - streptavidin KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Biosensors KW - Thermodynamics KW - Regeneration KW - W2 32250:Others KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17120691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+Progress&rft.atitle=Single-+and+Dual-Fractal+Analysis+of+Hybridization+Binding+Kinetics%3A+Biosensor+Applications&rft.au=Sadana%2C+A%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T&rft.aulast=Sadana&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1998-10-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=782&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+Progress&rft.issn=87567938&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thermodynamics; Biosensors; Regeneration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Real-time characterization of the organic composition and size of individual diesel engine smoke particles AN - 17098948; 4409115 AB - Real-time analysis of individual diesel engine exhaust particles was demonstrated using an ion trap mass spectrometer. Measurements were made on the nebulized engine oil and diesel fuel for comparison with the exhaust particle analysis. Studies were performed on individual exhaust particles to determine composition as a function of aerodynamic size. MS/MS analysis positively identified low-mass PAHs as well as indicated the presence of high mass hydrogenated PAHs (HPAHs). The degree of PAH hydrogenation was found to be mass dependent. The origin of the HPAHs seems to be the diesel fuel. However, the HPAHs underwent some degree of oxidation during the combustion process on average. Indicators were found that might be used to determine combustion efficiency. The capability of the technique for on-line measurement of combustion processes was demonstrated. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Reilly, PTA AU - Gieray, R A AU - Whitten, W B AU - Ramsey, J M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6142, USA, reillypt@ornl.gov Y1 - 1998/09/15/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Sep 15 SP - 2672 EP - 2679 VL - 32 IS - 18 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Particle size KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Fuels KW - Spectrometry KW - Combustion KW - Smoke KW - Diesel engines KW - Exhaust emissions KW - Air pollution measurements KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17098948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Real-time+characterization+of+the+organic+composition+and+size+of+individual+diesel+engine+smoke+particles&rft.au=Reilly%2C+PTA%3BGieray%2C+R+A%3BWhitten%2C+W+B%3BRamsey%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Reilly&rft.aufirst=PTA&rft.date=1998-09-15&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=2672&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Combustion; Spectrometry; Fuels; Particle size; Air pollution measurements; Exhaust emissions; Smoke; Diesel engines; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ER - TY - BOOK T1 - A laser metrology/viewing system for ITER in-vessel inspection AN - 17133898; 4434093 AB - This paper identifies the requirements for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor metrology and viewing system, and describes a remotely operated precision surface mapping system. A metrology system capable of achieving sub-millimeter accuracy must operate in a reactor vessel that has high gamma radiation, high vacuum, elevated temperature, and magnetic field. A coherent, frequency modulated laser radar system is under development to meet these requirements. The metrology/viewing sensor consists of a compact laser optics module linked through fiber optics to the laser source and imaging units, located outside the harsh environment. The deployment mechanism is a remotely operated telescopic-mast. Gamma irradiation to 10 super(7) Gy was conducted on critical sensor components at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, with no significant impact to data transmission, and analysis indicates that critical sensor components can operate in a magnetic field with certain design modifications. Plans for testing key components in a magnetic field are underway. JF - Fusion Engineering and Design AU - Spampinato, P T AU - Barry, R E AU - Chesser, J B AU - Herndon, J N AU - Menon, M M AU - Slotwinski, A AU - Dagher, MA AU - Yuen, J L A2 - Motojima, O A2 - Morley, NB A2 - Taraka, S (eds) Y1 - 1998/09/03/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Sep 03 SP - 7 EP - 499 PB - North-Holland, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands KW - inspection KW - pressure vessels KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Materials testing KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Structural analysis KW - Lasers KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17133898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Health+%26+Safety+Science+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Spampinato%2C+P+T%3BBarry%2C+R+E%3BChesser%2C+J+B%3BHerndon%2C+J+N%3BMenon%2C+M+M%3BSlotwinski%2C+A%3BDagher%2C+MA%3BYuen%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Spampinato&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1998-09-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=A+laser+metrology%2Fviewing+system+for+ITER+in-vessel+inspection&rft.title=A+laser+metrology%2Fviewing+system+for+ITER+in-vessel+inspection&rft.issn=09203796&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A transient liquid-like phase in the displacement cascades of zircon, hafnon and thorite AN - 52557056; 1998-060424 AB - The irradiation-induced decomposition of zircon and hafnon after amorphitization at < or = 900 K, is reported, and evidence is found for the formation of a liquid-like state in the displacement cascades. The results explain the occurrence of ZrO (sub 2) in natural amorphous zircon. Zircon-based nuclear waste forms should be maintained with tight T limits to avoid potentially detrimental irradiation-induced amorphitization or phase decomposition of the zircon. It is noted that hafnon grains with < or = 97 % Hf form a complete solid solution with zircon. JF - Nature (London) AU - Meldrum, A AU - Zinkle, S J AU - Boatner, L A AU - Ewing, R C Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 SP - 56 EP - 58 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 395 IS - 6697 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - zircon group KW - silicates KW - liquid phase KW - irradiation KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - plutonium KW - Pu-239 KW - thorite KW - zircon KW - TEM data KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - nesosilicates KW - crystals KW - hafnon KW - radioactive isotopes KW - metals KW - orthosilicates KW - waste disposal KW - geochemistry KW - fission KW - actinides KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52557056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=A+transient+liquid-like+phase+in+the+displacement+cascades+of+zircon%2C+hafnon+and+thorite&rft.au=Meldrum%2C+A%3BZinkle%2C+S+J%3BBoatner%2C+L+A%3BEwing%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Meldrum&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=395&rft.issue=6697&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2F25698 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; crystals; fission; geochemistry; hafnon; irradiation; isotopes; liquid phase; metals; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; plutonium; Pu-239; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; radioactivity; silicates; TEM data; temperature; thorite; waste disposal; zircon; zircon group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/25698 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methane input and evasion in a hardwood forest stream; effects of subsurface flow from shallow and deep pathways AN - 52354526; 2000-021657 AB - Streams are typically supersaturated and emit methane to the atmosphere. Much of this gas appears to be imported from groundwater and riparian zones, where anoxia and methane production are common. We investigated how methane evasion and the concentration in groundwater discharge varied between five stream sections with differing rates of groundwater discharge along the east fork of Walker Branch in eastern Tennessee. Evasion and groundwater concentration were determined from measurements of methane in surface water in conjunction with coinjection of conservative solute and volatile gas tracers. Methane in surface water was supersaturated, varying from 0.67 to 1.56 mu g CH (sub 4) liter (super -1) , which translates to concentrations 17.6-41.4 times greater than those at atmospheric equilibrium. Methane evasion rates ranged from 0.4 to 13.2 mg CH (sub 4) m (super -2) d (super -1) , Differences in methane concentration and evasion were related to variation in subsurface discharge and concentration in groundwater. All study sections gained flow, although the rate of subsurface discharge into the second study section (section 2) was particularly low. Furthermore, the specific conductance of groundwater flowing into section 2 averaged only 82.3 mu S cm (super -1) , compared with 110-125 mu S cm (super -1) in the other study sections, indicating that groundwater discharge was derived from riparian soils as opposed to deeper flow from fractured bedrock. The mean concentration of 549.2 mu g CH (sub 4) liter (super -1) in subsurface water flowing into section 2 was notably greater than in the other sections, where average groundwater concentration ranged from 158.9 to 376.2 mu g CH (sub 4) liter (super -1) . Our results suggest that subsurface flow from riparian soils appears to be the major source of methane to streams, although deeper bedrock flow also supplies methane at a lower concentration to surface waters. JF - Limnology and Oceanography AU - Jones, Jeremy B, Jr AU - Mulholland, Patrick J Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 SP - 1243 EP - 1250 PB - American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Ann Arbor, MI VL - 43 IS - 6 SN - 0024-3590, 0024-3590 KW - United States KW - Ultisols KW - rivers and streams KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ground water KW - Tennessee KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - concentration KW - methane KW - oxidation KW - surface water KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - riparian environment KW - saturation KW - infiltration KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52354526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Methane+input+and+evasion+in+a+hardwood+forest+stream%3B+effects+of+subsurface+flow+from+shallow+and+deep+pathways&rft.au=Jones%2C+Jeremy+B%2C+Jr%3BMulholland%2C+Patrick+J&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=00243590&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://aslo.org/lo/toc/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LIOCAH N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anaerobic environment; aquifers; bacteria; concentration; forests; ground water; hydrocarbons; hydrology; infiltration; methane; microorganisms; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; organic compounds; oxidation; pollution; riparian environment; rivers and streams; saturation; soils; solutes; surface water; Tennessee; Ultisols; United States; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Grain size and depth constraints on microbial variability in coastal plain subsurface sediments AN - 52175579; 2001-076577 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Zhang, Chuanlun AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Beauchamp, John J AU - Brockman, Fred J AU - Murray, Chris J AU - Parsons, Brian S AU - Swift, Donald J P Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 SP - 171 EP - 185 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - United States KW - Mappsville Virginia KW - Virginia KW - biochemical sedimentation KW - Abbott Pit KW - grain size KW - sedimentation KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - depth KW - variations KW - Oyster Virginia KW - marine sediments KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - anaerobic environment KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52175579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Grain+size+and+depth+constraints+on+microbial+variability+in+coastal+plain+subsurface+sediments&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Chuanlun%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BBeauchamp%2C+John+J%3BBrockman%2C+Fred+J%3BMurray%2C+Chris+J%3BParsons%2C+Brian+S%3BSwift%2C+Donald+J+P&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Chuanlun&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Abbott Pit; anaerobic environment; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bacteria; biochemical sedimentation; depth; grain size; Mappsville Virginia; marine sediments; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; sedimentation; sediments; United States; variations; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potentiometric studies of zinc oxide solubility to high temperatures AN - 52153148; 2002-008767 JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Benezeth, Pascale AU - Palmer, D A AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 SP - 145 EP - 146 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 62A, Part 1 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - hydroxides KW - zincite KW - laboratory studies KW - experimental studies KW - titration KW - oxides KW - solubility KW - potentiometry KW - pH KW - high temperature KW - temperature KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52153148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Potentiometric+studies+of+zinc+oxide+solubility+to+high+temperatures&rft.au=Benezeth%2C+Pascale%3BPalmer%2C+D+A%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Benezeth&rft.aufirst=Pascale&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=62A%2C+Part+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - experimental studies; high temperature; hydroxides; laboratory studies; oxides; pH; potentiometry; solubility; temperature; titration; zincite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical character of buried sinkholes on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee AN - 51966863; 2003-051545 AB - Sinkholes are important near-surface indicators of active karst features at depth, such as cavities, conduits and solutionally-enlarged fractures. This study tests the hypothesis that ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and other geophysical methods may be used to identify filled sinkholes as a means of inferring the existence of these deeper hydraulically-active karst features. Geophysical surveys were made at two sites in Bear Creek Valley on the Oak Ridge Reservation in eastern Tennessee. GPR profiles (25 and 50 MHz) made along the northeast edge of Bear Creek Valley showed a troughlike pattern of radar reflections outlining a possible filled sinkhole. This feature is at least 45 m wide, 3.5 to 5 m deep, and appears on GPR profiles acquired at a variety of antenna separations and along profiles made in different directions. Its dimensions are consistent with dimensions of other mapped sinkholes in the area. GPR, electromagnetic conductivity surveys, resistivity soundings and gravity models suggest this feature is filled with relatively dense, resistive residuum or colluvium, and may contain cherty gravels along its base and sides. This structure lies almost directly above a major hydraulically-active bedrock cavity at a depth of 18 m that was encountered during drilling of a nearby monitoring well. Similar reflection patterns were recorded by GPR surveys over another filled sinkhole at this site, and by GPR profiles over possible filled sinkholes above active karst conduits at a second site 7 km to the southwest. JF - Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics AU - Carpenter, Philip J AU - Doll, William E AU - Kaufmann, Ronald D Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 SP - 133 EP - 145 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Englewood, CO VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1083-1363, 1083-1363 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - geophysical surveys KW - site exploration KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - karst hydrology KW - karst KW - Cambrian KW - Upper Cambrian KW - gravity anomalies KW - Knox Group KW - Tennessee KW - electromagnetic methods KW - Maynardville Limestone KW - buried features KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - pollutants KW - Paleozoic KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - depth KW - sinkholes KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - solution features KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51966863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Geophysical+character+of+buried+sinkholes+on+the+Oak+Ridge+Reservation%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Carpenter%2C+Philip+J%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BKaufmann%2C+Ronald+D&rft.aulast=Carpenter&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.issn=10831363&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - buried features; Cambrian; depth; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; gravity anomalies; ground-penetrating radar; karst; karst hydrology; Knox Group; Maynardville Limestone; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Paleozoic; pollutants; pollution; radar methods; sinkholes; site exploration; solute transport; solution features; surveys; Tennessee; United States; Upper Cambrian ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ion adsorption by metal oxides under hydrothermal conditions AN - 51577726; 2006-052275 JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Machesky, M L AU - Ridley, M K AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Palmer, D A A2 - Schott, Jacques Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 SP - 935 EP - 936 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 62A, Part 2 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - experimental studies KW - complexing KW - mineral-water interface KW - electrolytes KW - aqueous solutions KW - adsorption KW - ions KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - rutile KW - oxides KW - cations KW - valency KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51577726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Ion+adsorption+by+metal+oxides+under+hydrothermal+conditions&rft.au=Machesky%2C+M+L%3BRidley%2C+M+K%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BPalmer%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Machesky&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=62A%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=935&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aqueous solutions; cations; complexing; electrolytes; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydrogen; hydrothermal conditions; ions; metals; mineral-water interface; oxides; rutile; valency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical study of the microbial and inorganic precipitation of magnetite and siderite at low temperatures AN - 51577334; 2006-052127 JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Horita, J AU - Cole, D R AU - Zhang, C AU - Phelps, T J AU - Liu, S V AU - Valley, J W AU - Hayashi, K I A2 - Schott, Jacques Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 SP - 651 EP - 652 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 62A, Part 2 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - biomineralization KW - isotope fractionation KW - experimental studies KW - iron oxides KW - ankerite KW - biochemistry KW - magnetization KW - paleomagnetism KW - temperature KW - siderite KW - remanent magnetization KW - hematite KW - fine-grained materials KW - low temperature KW - oxides KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - magnetite KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51577334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Geochemical+study+of+the+microbial+and+inorganic+precipitation+of+magnetite+and+siderite+at+low+temperatures&rft.au=Horita%2C+J%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BZhang%2C+C%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BLiu%2C+S+V%3BValley%2C+J+W%3BHayashi%2C+K+I&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=62A%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=651&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ankerite; biochemistry; biomineralization; carbonates; experimental studies; fine-grained materials; geochemistry; hematite; iron oxides; isotope fractionation; low temperature; magnetite; magnetization; oxides; paleomagnetism; remanent magnetization; SEM data; siderite; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetics of iron oxide dissolution as enhanced by organic ligands AN - 51576994; 2006-052251 JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Liang, L AU - Gu, B AU - Hofmann, A A2 - Schott, Jacques Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 SP - 887 EP - 888 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 62A, Part 2 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - iron oxides KW - complexing KW - solubility KW - ferrihydrite KW - iron KW - ferrous iron KW - sample preparation KW - organic compounds KW - ligands KW - metals KW - oxides KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - instruments KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51576994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Kinetics+of+iron+oxide+dissolution+as+enhanced+by+organic+ligands&rft.au=Liang%2C+L%3BGu%2C+B%3BHofmann%2C+A&rft.aulast=Liang&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=62A%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=887&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - colloidal materials; complexing; experimental studies; ferrihydrite; ferrous iron; geochemistry; instruments; iron; iron oxides; kinetics; ligands; metals; organic compounds; oxides; pH; sample preparation; solubility ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diffusion of C and O in calcite AN - 51576937; 2006-052226 JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Labotka, T C AU - Cole, D R AU - Riciputi, L R AU - Chacko, T A2 - Schott, Jacques Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 SP - 840 EP - 841 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 62A, Part 2 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - techniques KW - fluid phase KW - crystal structure KW - defects KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - calcite KW - activation energy KW - single-crystal method KW - carbon KW - O-18 KW - C-13 KW - carbonates KW - instruments KW - high temperature KW - annealing KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51576937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Diffusion+of+C+and+O+in+calcite&rft.au=Labotka%2C+T+C%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R%3BChacko%2C+T&rft.aulast=Labotka&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=62A%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=840&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activation energy; annealing; C-13; calcite; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbonates; crystal structure; defects; diffusion; experimental studies; fluid phase; high temperature; instruments; isotopes; O-18; oxygen; single-crystal method; stable isotopes; techniques; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Study of reactions at metal oxide interfaces in aqueous solutions to 300 degrees C AN - 51570720; 2006-052374 JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Palmer, D A AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Benezeth, P A2 - Schott, Jacques Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 SP - 1129 EP - 1130 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 62A, Part 2 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - experimental studies KW - dissociation KW - titration KW - solutions KW - HECC KW - aqueous solutions KW - adsorption KW - temperature KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - hydrogen-electrode concentration cell KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - oxides KW - inorganic acids KW - pH KW - instruments KW - magnetite KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51570720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Study+of+reactions+at+metal+oxide+interfaces+in+aqueous+solutions+to+300+degrees+C&rft.au=Palmer%2C+D+A%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BBenezeth%2C+P&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=62A%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aqueous solutions; chemical reactions; dissociation; experimental studies; HECC; hydrogen-electrode concentration cell; inorganic acids; instruments; laboratory studies; magnetite; metals; organic acids; organic compounds; oxides; pH; solutions; temperature; titration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen isotope ratios in authigenic magnetites from the Belden Formation, Colorado AN - 50165350; 1999-011625 AB - Authigenic magnetites from the Belden Formation at Bassam Park, Colorado, were analyzed for their (super 18) O/ (super 16) O composition using secondary ion mass spectrometry. The delta (super 18) O values of magnetite-rimmed pyrite (MagPy) grains averaged -8.5 per mil (versus VSMOW). Small (25-50 mu m) iron oxide grains had a range of delta (super 18) O values from -9.7 per mil to -5.5 per mil, consistent with a variably hematized magnetite population having a delta (super 18) O value of around -9 per mil for magnetite. The delta (super 18) O results suggest that the magnetite rims and grains formed in contact with a water having delta (super 18) O of near 0 per mil or less, implying a meteoric or connate source rather than a highly evolved orogenic or basinal fluid. This supports paleomagnetic results that suggest the formation of authigenic magnetites under Mesozoic burial conditions at some Belden Formation localities, rather than in response to orogenic fluid migration driven by Early Tertiary tectonic uplift. The delta (super 18) O results also support the observation that chemical remanent magnetizations related to authigenic magnetite formation cannot be universally applied to the dating of fluid migration events associated with orogenic deformation. Copyright 1998 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Ripperdan, Robert L AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Cole, David R AU - Elmore, R Douglas AU - Banerjee, Sanjay AU - Engel, M H Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 SP - 15 EP - 21,023 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 103 IS - B9 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - limestone KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - authigenic minerals KW - fluid dynamics KW - stable isotopes KW - sedimentary rocks KW - oxides KW - tectonics KW - migration KW - experimental studies KW - isotope ratios KW - paleomagnetism KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Mesozoic KW - reaction rims KW - S-34/S-32 KW - sulfur KW - petrography KW - Colorado KW - carbonate rocks KW - Belden Formation KW - magnetite KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50165350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Oxygen+isotope+ratios+in+authigenic+magnetites+from+the+Belden+Formation%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Ripperdan%2C+Robert+L%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BElmore%2C+R+Douglas%3BBanerjee%2C+Sanjay%3BEngel%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Ripperdan&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=B9&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F98JB00440 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - authigenic minerals; Belden Formation; carbonate rocks; Colorado; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; isotope ratios; isotopes; limestone; magnetite; Mesozoic; migration; O-18/O-16; oxides; oxygen; paleomagnetism; petrography; reaction rims; S-34/S-32; sedimentary rocks; stable isotopes; sulfur; tectonics; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/98JB00440 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recovery of fissile materials from wastes and conversion of the residual wastes to glass AN - 17211668; 4494573 AB - A new process has been invented that converts complex wastes containing fissile materials into a chemical form that allows the use of existing technologies (such as Purex and ion exchange) to recover the fissile materials and convert the resultant wastes to glass. Potential feed materials include (a) uranium fissile wastes, (b) miscellaneous spent nuclear fuel, and (c) plutonium scrap and residue. The initial feed materials may contain mixtures of metals, ceramics, amorphous solids, halides, and organics. The process consists of three major sets of process operations. During the first set of operations, the feed is dissolved into molten lead-borate glass and then converted to a boron oxide (B sub(2)O sub(3)) fusion melt. During this process, (a) the organics and metals are oxidized and (b) the halides and noble metals are separated from the melt. During the second set of operations, the cooled fusion melt is dissolved into nitric acid, and the uranium and plutonium are recovered from the acid using standard aqueous separation processes such as Purex and ion exchange. During the third set of operations, standard waste vitrification processes convert the residual waste to borosilicate glass. The B sub(2)O sub(3) can be recovered and recycled at several locations within the process. JF - Nuclear Technology AU - Forsberg, C W AU - Beahm, E C AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6180, USA, forsbergcw@ornl.gov Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - Sep 1998 SP - 341 EP - 345 VL - 123 IS - 3 SN - 0029-5450, 0029-5450 KW - vitrification KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Materials recovery KW - Recycling KW - Waste management KW - Hazardous wastes KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17211668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Technology&rft.atitle=Recovery+of+fissile+materials+from+wastes+and+conversion+of+the+residual+wastes+to+glass&rft.au=Forsberg%2C+C+W%3BBeahm%2C+E+C&rft.aulast=Forsberg&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Technology&rft.issn=00295450&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Recycling; Materials recovery; Hazardous wastes; Radioactive wastes; Waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of whole-plant water use studies in trees AN - 17198606; 4486863 AB - Weighing lysimeters, large-tree potometers, ventilated chambers, radioisotopes, stable isotopes and an array of heat balance/heat dissipation methods have been used to provide quantitative estimates of whole-tree water use. A survey of 52 studies conducted since 1970 indicated that rates of water use ranged from 10 kg day super(-1) for trees in a 32-year-old plantation of Quercus petraea L. ex Liebl. in eastern France to 1,180 kg day super(-1) for an overstory Euperua purpurea Bth. tree growing in the Amazonian rainforest. The studies included in this survey reported whole-tree estimates of water use for 67 species in over 35 genera. Almost 90% of the observations indicated maximum rates of daily water use between 10 and 200 kg day super(-1) for trees that averaged 21 m in height. The thermal techniques that made many of these estimates possible have gained widespread acceptance, and energy-balance, heat dissipation and heat-pulse systems are now routinely used with leaf-level measurements to investigate the relative importance of stomatal and boundary layer conductances in controlling canopy transpiration, whole-tree hydraulic conductance, coordinated control of whole-plant water transport, movement of water to and from sapwood storage, and whole-plant vulnerability of water transport to xylem cavitation. Techniques for estimating whole-tree water use complement existing approaches to calculating catchment water balance and provide the forest hydrologist with another tool for managing water resources. Energy-balance, heat dissipation and heat-pulse methods can be used to compare transpiration in different parts of a watershed or between adjacent trees, or to assess the contribution of transpiration from overstory and understory trees. Such studies often require that rates of water use be extrapolated from individual trees to that of stands and plantations. The ultimate success of this extrapolation depends in part on whether data covering short time sequences can be applied to longer periods of time. We conclude that techniques for estimating whole-tree water use have provided valuable tools for conducting basic and applied research. Future studies that emphasize the use of these techniques by both tree physiologists and forest hydrologists should be encouraged. JF - Tree Physiology AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Meinzer, F C AU - Vertessy, R A AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - Sep 1998 SP - 499 EP - 512 VL - 18 IS - 8-9 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water use KW - Trees KW - Plants KW - Surveys KW - Lysimeters KW - Measuring instruments KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17198606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=A+review+of+whole-plant+water+use+studies+in+trees&rft.au=Wullschleger%2C+S+D%3BMeinzer%2C+F+C%3BVertessy%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Wullschleger&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=8-9&rft.spage=499&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water use; Trees; Plants; Lysimeters; Surveys; Measuring instruments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crash risks of older drivers: A panel data analysis AN - 16462239; 4372489 AB - Considerable progress has been made on understanding older drivers' safety issues. None the less, findings from previous research have been rather inconclusive. Differences in data and research methodology have been suggested as factors that contribute to the discrepancies in previous findings. One of the methodological limitations is the lack of considering temporal order between events (i.e. the time between onset of medical condition, symptom and crash). Without time-series data, a 'snap-shot' of medical conditions and driving patterns were often linked to more than 1 year of crash data, hoping to accumulate enough data on crashes. The interpretation of the results from these studies is difficult in that one cannot explicitly attribute the increase in highway crash rates to medical conditions and/or physical limitations. This paper uses a panel data analysis to identify factors that place older drivers at greater crash risk. Our results show that factors that place female drivers at greater crash risk are different from those influencing male drivers. More risk factors were found to be significant in affecting older men's involvement in crashes than older women. When the analysis controlled for the amount of driving, women who live alone or who experience back pain were found to have a higher crash risk. Similarly, men who are employed, score low on word-recall tests, have a history of glaucoma, or use antidepressant drugs were found to have a higher crash risk. The most influential risk factors in men were the number of miles driven, and use of antidepressants. JF - Accident Analysis & Prevention AU - Hu, P S AU - Trumble, DA AU - Foley, D J AU - Eberhard, J W AU - Wallace, R B AD - Center for Transportation Analysis, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 3156, MS-6073, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6073, USA Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - Sep 1998 SP - 569 EP - 581 VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 0001-4575, 0001-4575 KW - Driving KW - Driving ability KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - R2 23020:Technological risks KW - H 2000:Transportation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16462239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Accident+Analysis+%26+Prevention&rft.atitle=Crash+risks+of+older+drivers%3A+A+panel+data+analysis&rft.au=Hu%2C+P+S%3BTrumble%2C+DA%3BFoley%2C+D+J%3BEberhard%2C+J+W%3BWallace%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Accident+Analysis+%26+Prevention&rft.issn=00014575&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a DNA biochip: principle and applications AN - 17228585; 4510090 AB - This paper provides an overview of the operating principle of a DNA biochip based on integrated circuit for use in biomedical diagnostics. The device is a self-contained system with photosensors, amplifiers, discriminators and logic circuitry on board. The development and evaluation of various microchip system components of the genosensor are reviewed. Fluorescence detection of gene probes specific to DNA sequences related to pathogens such as the human immuno-deficiency virus 1 (HIV1) system illustrates the usefulness and potential of the DNA biochip technology for rapid and cost-effective medical diagnostics. Potential usefulness of the DNA biochip in clinical applications and functional genomics research is discussed. JF - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical AU - Vo-Dinh, T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA, tvo@ornl.gov Y1 - 1998/08/31/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Aug 31 SP - 52 EP - 59 VL - B51 IS - 1-3 SN - 0925-4005, 0925-4005 KW - DNA chips KW - human immunodeficiency virus 1 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Fluorescence KW - Reviews KW - W3 33385:DNA/RNA KW - W3 33000:General topics and reviews KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17228585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sensors+and+Actuators+B%3A+Chemical&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+DNA+biochip%3A+principle+and+applications&rft.au=Vo-Dinh%2C+T&rft.aulast=Vo-Dinh&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-08-31&rft.volume=B51&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sensors+and+Actuators+B%3A+Chemical&rft.issn=09254005&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews; Fluorescence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A noninvasive shallow seismic source comparison on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee AN - 52568277; 1998-054338 AB - Nine seismic sources were compared in preparation for production seismic reflection profiling to about 500 m depth at a hazardous waste site on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee. Test data provided a 125-shotpoint common midpoint profile and a walkaway vertical seismic profile for each source. Sources tested included five swept sources and four impulsive sources. Eight of the sources were "noninvasive," in that they would not penetrate the ground surface. When spectral whitening methods were applied to the data, the IVI Minivib provided the best image of the subsurface on the basis of continuity and clarity of reflections. Without prewhitening, the performance of the IVI Minivib and the Bison elastic wave generator were similar. JF - Geophysics AU - Doll, William E AU - Miller, Richard D AU - Xia, Jianghai Y1 - 1998/08// PY - 1998 DA - August 1998 SP - 1318 EP - 1331 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 63 IS - 4 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hazardous waste KW - seismic profiles KW - geophysical surveys KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - reflection methods KW - seismic sources KW - seismic methods KW - attenuation KW - shallow depth KW - Tennessee KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - spectra KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52568277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=A+noninvasive+shallow+seismic+source+comparison+on+the+Oak+Ridge+Reservation%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Doll%2C+William+E%3BMiller%2C+Richard+D%3BXia%2C+Jianghai&rft.aulast=Doll&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1998-08-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1444433 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - attenuation; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; hazardous waste; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; reflection methods; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic sources; shallow depth; soils; spectra; surveys; Tennessee; United States; waste disposal sites DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444433 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Importance of flow and particle-scale heterogeneity on Co (super II/III) EDTA reactive transport AN - 52535840; 1999-002945 AB - The effect of flow and particle-scale heterogeneity on the applicability of batch-derived reaction networks for Co (super II/III) EDTA interaction with synthetic and natural Fe oxide-containing subsurface sediments was evaluated using batch and column systems. At pH 4.5 and 6.5, Co (super II) EDTA reactions with sediments involved adsorption (within 0.2 to 2h), followed by iron dissolution, forming Co (super 2+) and Fe (super III) EDTA (within 10 to 300 h) and oxidation, forming Co (super III) EDTA (within 5 to 50 h). Reaction parameters that were based upon numerous batch experiments, in some cases, poorly described reactive transport in columns. For five sediment/pH combinations, column breakthrough could be well described with systematic change in some reaction parameters which included: slower metal-EDTA adsorption rates; a greater number of adsorption sites; slower iron dissolution; and faster oxidation. Additional simulations were used to determine the significance and uncertainty in determining these reaction parameters in the 15-reaction system with 22 species. Simulations that incorporated particle-scale heterogeneity with spatial distributions of adsorption site density, affinity, and rate could reproduce the column/batch trends that were observed, indicating that spatial averaging across reactive and nonreactive surface sites results in different single-valued reaction parameters needed to describe the column system as an equivalent porous media. The impact of solute advection and additional mass transfer in columns on accurately predicting column behavior with batch-derived parameters was not responsible for the batch to column disparity. This study demonstrates that while the nature of the reaction network (i.e. reaction identity and stoichiometry) is identical in batch and column systems, development of transport-relevant reaction parameters is needed for nonlinear reactions as particle-scale heterogeneities can significantly influence the apparent manifestation of the reaction network during advective flow. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Szecsody, James E AU - Zachara, John M AU - Chilakapati, Ashokkumar AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Ferrency, Alan S A2 - Steefel, Carl I. A2 - Van Cappellen, Philippe Y1 - 1998/08// PY - 1998 DA - August 1998 SP - 112 EP - 136 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 209 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - solute transport KW - iron oxides KW - cobalt KW - isotopes KW - complexing KW - chemical waste KW - solution KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - theoretical studies KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - EDTA KW - sediments KW - carboxylic acids KW - oxides KW - trace elements KW - heterogeneity KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - experimental studies KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - adsorption KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - metals KW - industrial waste KW - trace metals KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52535840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Importance+of+flow+and+particle-scale+heterogeneity+on+Co+%28super+II%2FIII%29+EDTA+reactive+transport&rft.au=Szecsody%2C+James+E%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BChilakapati%2C+Ashokkumar%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BFerrency%2C+Alan+S&rft.aulast=Szecsody&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1998-08-01&rft.volume=209&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1996 annual meeting , symposium on Application of reactive transport modeling to natural systems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes an appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; carboxylic acids; chemical reactions; chemical waste; cobalt; complexing; EDTA; experimental studies; geochemistry; ground water; heterogeneity; industrial waste; iron oxides; isotopes; laboratory studies; mathematical models; metals; organic acids; organic compounds; oxidation; oxides; pH; pollution; radioactive isotopes; sediments; solute transport; solution; theoretical studies; trace elements; trace metals; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioluminescent-bioreporter integrated circuits form novel whole-cell biosensors AN - 16555619; 4396993 AB - The bioluminescent-bioreporter integrated circuit represents a new advance in the development of whole-cell biosensors, consisting of a genetically engineered bioreporter organism interfaced with an integrated circuit. The bioreporter is engineered to luminesce when a targeted substance is encountered, with the circuit being designed to detect this luminescence, process the signal and communicate the results. The bioreporters are thus available to the circuit designer as another component, analogous to a transistor or a resistor, albeit a living entity. The concept has been demonstrated using Pseudomonas putida TVA8 to sense the environmental pollutant toluene. JF - Trends in Biotechnology AU - Simpson, M L AU - Sayler, G S AU - Applegate, B M AU - Ripp, S AU - Nivens, DE AU - Paulus, MJ AU - Jellison, GE Jr AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS 6006, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 1998/08// PY - 1998 DA - Aug 1998 SP - 332 EP - 338 VL - 16 IS - 8 SN - 0167-7799, 0167-7799 KW - toluene KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Bioluminescence KW - Biosensors KW - Reviews KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - Pollution indicators KW - W2 32000:General topics and reviews KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16555619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Bioluminescent-bioreporter+integrated+circuits+form+novel+whole-cell+biosensors&rft.au=Simpson%2C+M+L%3BSayler%2C+G+S%3BApplegate%2C+B+M%3BRipp%2C+S%3BNivens%2C+DE%3BPaulus%2C+MJ%3BJellison%2C+GE+Jr&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-08-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=332&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01677799&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudomonas putida; Pollution indicators; Reviews; Bioluminescence; Biosensors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Individual-based model of sympatric populations of brown and rainbow trout for instream flow assessment: model description and calibration AN - 16546708; 4375651 AB - This paper describes an individual-based model of sympatric populations of brown (Salmo trutta) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss in a stream habitat. The model provides a tool for projecting flow and temperature effects on trout populations by linking the hydraulic component of the instream flow incremental methodology/physical habitat simulation system (IFIM/PHABSIM) to an individual-based population model. PHABSIM simulates the spatial distribution of depth and velocity at different flows, and indirectly, the availability of spawning habitat, cover and feeding station. The individual-based model simulates reproduction, growth and mortality of individual trout as a function of flow and temperature. Population dynamics arise from the survival and reproduction of individual trout. The spatially explicit nature of the model permits evaluation of behavioral responses used by fish to changes in physical habitat. The model has been calibrated to a stream segment in the North Fork Middle Fork Tule River, California. Selected parameters were adjusted to calibrate the model for length and abundance (including production of a new year class) at the end of 1-year simulations for each of 9 years. Predicted and observed lengths were in good agreement, although neither varied appreciably among years. Predicted and observed abundances were not in as good agreement, and differed considerably for some years. These differences reflect a combination of uncertainties in the field data and uncertainties in the model structure and parameter values. Fifty-year simulations indicated that model projections of length and abundance were stationary, although abundance values fluctuated considerably. Seven advantages for using simulation models of this type are emphasized. How to most effectively interpret results from such simulation models as part of instream flow environmental assessments remains a challenge. Variability and uncertainty in both field data and replicate model simulations are realities that have implications for scientists, resource managers. and regulators in projecting growth and abundance responses of fish populations to alternative flow or temperature regimes. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Van Winkle, W AU - Jager, H I AU - Railsback, S F AU - Holcomb, B D AU - Studley, T K AU - Baldrige, JE AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, wvwrnl.gov Y1 - 1998/07/11/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Jul 11 SP - 175 EP - 207 VL - 110 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - Brown trout KW - Rainbow trout KW - USA, California, Tule R. KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Population dynamics KW - Streams KW - Flow rates KW - Models KW - Calibrations KW - Stream flow rate KW - Salmo trutta KW - Instream flow KW - Temperature effects KW - Water flow KW - Sympatric populations KW - Temperature KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss KW - Salmon fisheries KW - Trout KW - Water management KW - Model studies KW - Oncorhynchus masou KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - D 04668:Fish KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16546708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Individual-based+model+of+sympatric+populations+of+brown+and+rainbow+trout+for+instream+flow+assessment%3A+model+description+and+calibration&rft.au=Van+Winkle%2C+W%3BJager%2C+H+I%3BRailsback%2C+S+F%3BHolcomb%2C+B+D%3BStudley%2C+T+K%3BBaldrige%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Van+Winkle&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1998-07-11&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Salmon fisheries; Water flow; Water management; Sympatric populations; Stream flow rate; Temperature; Population dynamics; Streams; Models; Instream flow; Calibrations; Trout; Model studies; Flow rates; Salmo trutta; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Oncorhynchus masou ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precipitation change and soil leaching; field results and simulations from Walker Branch watershed, Tennessee AN - 925703505; 2012-024636 AB - To investigate the potential effects of changing precipitation on a deciduous forest ecosystem, an experiment was established on Walker Branch Watershed, Tennessee that modified the amount of throughfall at -33%, ambient (no change), and +33% using a system of rain gutters and sprinklers. We hypothesized that the drier treatments would cause: 1) disproportionate changes in soil water flux, 2) increased total ionic concentrations in soil solution that would in turn cause 3) decreased SO4 2-/Cl- ratios, 4) decreased HCO3 - concentrations, and 5) increased ratios of Al to (Ca2+ + Mg2+) and of (Ca2+ + Mg2+) to K+. Hypothesis 1 was supported by simulation results. Hypotheses 2 and 3 were supported in part by field results, although interpretation of these was complicated by pre-treatment biases. Hypotheses 4 and 5 were not supported by the field results. Comparisons of field data and Nutrient Cycling Model (NuCM) simulations were favorable for most ions except Cl- and K+. The disparities may be due to underestimation of soil buffering in the case of Cl- and overestimation of soil buffering in the case of K+ in the model. Long-term simulations with NuCM suggest that reducing water inputs will slow the rate of soil acidification and P loss, but will not materially affect growth or ecosystem N status. JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Johnson, D W AU - Hanson, P J AU - Todd, D E, Jr AU - Susfalk, R B AU - Trettin, C F A2 - Wieder, R. Kelman A2 - Novak, Martin A2 - Cerny, Jiri Y1 - 1998/07// PY - 1998 DA - July 1998 SP - 251 EP - 262 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 105 IS - 1-2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - United States KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - simulation KW - Walker Branch watershed KW - Tennessee KW - ecology KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - chemical composition KW - lysimeters KW - soils KW - forests KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sulfate ion KW - alkali metals KW - solutes KW - soil treatment KW - geochemical cycle KW - nutrients KW - metals KW - potassium KW - acidification KW - leaching KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/925703505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Precipitation+change+and+soil+leaching%3B+field+results+and+simulations+from+Walker+Branch+watershed%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Johnson%2C+D+W%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BTodd%2C+D+E%2C+Jr%3BSusfalk%2C+R+B%3BTrettin%2C+C+F&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-07-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1005039711434 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - BIOGEOMON; third international symposium on Ecosystem behavior N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; Anderson County Tennessee; atmospheric precipitation; calcium; chemical composition; concentration; ecology; forests; geochemical cycle; leaching; lysimeters; magnesium; metals; nutrients; potassium; simulation; soil treatment; soils; solutes; sulfate ion; Tennessee; United States; Walker Branch watershed DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005039711434 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MALDI-TOF analysis of polymerase chain reaction products from methanotrophic bacteria. AN - 80008404; 9666732 AB - Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were designed to amplify 56- and 99-base regions of the pmoA gene from Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b and Methylomicrobium albus BG8, two species of methanotrophic bacteria that are of interest for monitoring bioremediation activity. The PCR product sizes are in a mass range that is accessible to analysis by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. A rapid purification procedure using commercially available reversed-phase cartridges was applied prior to MALDI-TOF analysis. A small aliquot (1.5%, 1.5 microL) from a single 100-microL PCR reaction was sufficient for reliable detection. No cross-amplification products were observed when primers designed for one bacterial species were used with genomic DNA of the other species. The methodology described here has potential to allow less expensive and faster characterization of the ability of microbial populations to destroy pollutants in groundwater and soil at contaminated industrial sites. JF - Analytical chemistry AU - Hurst, G B AU - Weaver, K AU - Doktycz, M J AU - Buchanan, M V AU - Costello, A M AU - Lidstrom, M E AD - Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831, USA. hurstgb@orn1.gov Y1 - 1998/07/01/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Jul 01 SP - 2693 EP - 2698 VL - 70 IS - 13 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization -- methods KW - DNA, Bacterial -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Genes, Bacterial KW - Methylococcaceae -- genetics KW - Water Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80008404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+chemistry&rft.atitle=MALDI-TOF+analysis+of+polymerase+chain+reaction+products+from+methanotrophic+bacteria.&rft.au=Hurst%2C+G+B%3BWeaver%2C+K%3BDoktycz%2C+M+J%3BBuchanan%2C+M+V%3BCostello%2C+A+M%3BLidstrom%2C+M+E&rft.aulast=Hurst&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1998-07-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2693&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+chemistry&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-09-15 N1 - Date created - 1998-09-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potentiometric and solubility studies of association quotients of aluminum malonate complexation in NaCl media to 75 degrees C AN - 52573052; 1998-056502 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Kettler, Richard M Y1 - 1998/07// PY - 1998 DA - July 1998 SP - 2279 EP - 2291 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 62 IS - 13 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - malonic acid KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - titration KW - complexing KW - solubility KW - organo-metallics KW - temperature KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - thermodynamic properties KW - malonates KW - potentiometry KW - geochemistry KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52573052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Potentiometric+and+solubility+studies+of+association+quotients+of+aluminum+malonate+complexation+in+NaCl+media+to+75+degrees+C&rft.au=Ridley%2C+Moira+K%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BKettler%2C+Richard+M&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft.date=1998-07-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 12 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; chemical fractionation; complexing; experimental studies; geochemistry; laboratory studies; malonates; malonic acid; metals; organic acids; organic compounds; organo-metallics; potentiometry; sodium chloride; solubility; temperature; thermodynamic properties; titration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mass transfer in structured porous media; embedding mesoscale structure and microscale hydrodynamics in a two-region model AN - 52559432; 1998-061717 AB - The objective of this research is to incorporate mesoscale structure and microscale hydrodynamics into a solute transport model and to evaluate the worth of structural information in predicting solute movement within structured porous media. The structure of porous media is embedded into a two-region solute transport model in which the inter-region mass flux is characterized by mesoscale mass-transfer coefficients. The model was used to predict solute breakthrough in an undisturbed, fractured saprolite soil column. Diffusive mass transfer at the aggregate scale was explicitly accounted for by incorporating inter-region mass flux across the interface of fractures and matrix blocks. The other model parameters, including pore-region porosity, hydrodynamic dispersion coefficients, and flow velocities, were estimated independently using laboratory tracer injections. As a result, predictions were 50% more accurate than those obtained using a simple single-fracture conceptual model that represents a least-information scenario. Intra-region dispersion coefficients were also calculated theoretically by using a Taylor dispersion equation and available data on fracture apertures. Using the theoretically calculated dispersion coefficients resulted in an additional 50% gain of prediction accuracy. The theoretically calculated dispersion coefficients were orders of magnitude smaller than the experimentally estimated values that were obtained by fitting a discrete-fracture model to the experimental data. This result suggests that mesoscale spreading of tracer in structured porous media may be largely attributed to inter-region mass transfer. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Gwo, Jin-Ping AU - O'Brien, Rachel AU - Jardine, Philip M Y1 - 1998/07// PY - 1998 DA - July 1998 SP - 204 EP - 222 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 208 IS - 3-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - scale factor KW - hydrology KW - fractured materials KW - dispersivity KW - physicochemical properties KW - data processing KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - saprolite KW - theoretical studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - tracers KW - theoretical models KW - hydrodynamics KW - mass transfer KW - clastic rocks KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52559432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Mass+transfer+in+structured+porous+media%3B+embedding+mesoscale+structure+and+microscale+hydrodynamics+in+a+two-region+model&rft.au=Gwo%2C+Jin-Ping%3BO%27Brien%2C+Rachel%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M&rft.aulast=Gwo&rft.aufirst=Jin-Ping&rft.date=1998-07-01&rft.volume=208&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic rocks; data processing; dispersivity; fractured materials; hydrodynamics; hydrology; mass transfer; mathematical models; physicochemical properties; porous materials; saprolite; scale factor; sedimentary rocks; soils; solute transport; theoretical models; theoretical studies; tracers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrothermal modification of sulfides in Nakhla, Lafayette, and Chassigny AN - 52555861; 1998-067223 JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Greenwood, J P AU - Riciputi, L R AU - Taylor, L A AU - McSween, H Y, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/07// PY - 1998 DA - July 1998 SP - A62 EP - A63 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 33 IS - 4, Suppl. SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - nakhlite KW - stony meteorites KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - Martian meteorites KW - isotope ratios KW - Lafayette Meteorite KW - chassignite KW - mass spectra KW - Nakhla Meteorite KW - metasomatism KW - achondrites KW - stable isotopes KW - SNC Meteorites KW - genesis KW - meteorites KW - S-34/S-32 KW - sulfur KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - spectra KW - Chassigny Meteorite KW - sulfides KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52555861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Hydrothermal+modification+of+sulfides+in+Nakhla%2C+Lafayette%2C+and+Chassigny&rft.au=Greenwood%2C+J+P%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R%3BTaylor%2C+L+A%3BMcSween%2C+H+Y%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Greenwood&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-07-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=A62&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 61st Meteoritical Society meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; chassignite; Chassigny Meteorite; genesis; hydrothermal alteration; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; Lafayette Meteorite; Martian meteorites; mass spectra; metasomatism; meteorites; Nakhla Meteorite; nakhlite; S-34/S-32; SNC Meteorites; spectra; stable isotopes; stony meteorites; sulfides; sulfur ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation damage in zircon and monazite AN - 52551144; 1998-067500 AB - The results are presented of ion-beam irradiation and thermal annealing of monazite and zircon and can be used to predict whether natural samples will become metamict. The irradiation damage accumulation appears to develop differently in natural and ion-beam irradiated samples, but the basic process leading to amorphization is the same. EPMA data are presented of monazite from Petaca, New Mexico, USA; TEM analysis of unirradiated specimens indicates that Th-rich areas may be partially or wholly metamict. Results for 800 keV Kr (super +) irradiation show that the doses required to amorphize monazite and zircon increase exponentially with T; the critical amorphization T is approximately 600 degrees C higher for zircon than monazite. A general equation which models the critical amorphization dose is derived for monazite and zircon. Zircon from Sri Lanka is calculated to become metamict at a dose of 6.0 X 10 (super 15) alpha -decay events/mg at 25 degrees C. Applications to nuclear waste suggest that > or = 500 degrees C is required to ensure the crystallinity of Pu-doped zircon; decreasing the Pu content from 10 to 2 wt.% results in approximately 100 degrees C decrease in the storage T necessary to prevent the crystalline-amorphous transition. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Meldrum, A AU - Boatner, L A AU - Weber, W J AU - Ewing, R C Y1 - 1998/07// PY - 1998 DA - July 1998 SP - 2509 EP - 2520 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 62 IS - 14 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - irradiation KW - U/Pb KW - isotopes KW - natural materials KW - radioactive waste KW - electron probe data KW - laboratory studies KW - radioactive isotopes KW - orthosilicates KW - absolute age KW - applications KW - crystallites KW - synthetic materials KW - zircon group KW - experimental studies KW - radiation damage KW - zircon KW - phosphates KW - nesosilicates KW - monazite KW - waste disposal KW - amorphization KW - thermal effects KW - annealing KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52551144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Radiation+damage+in+zircon+and+monazite&rft.au=Meldrum%2C+A%3BBoatner%2C+L+A%3BWeber%2C+W+J%3BEwing%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Meldrum&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1998-07-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=2509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2898%2900174-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes an appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; amorphization; annealing; applications; crystallites; electron probe data; experimental studies; irradiation; isotopes; laboratory studies; monazite; natural materials; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; phosphates; radiation damage; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; silicates; synthetic materials; thermal effects; U/Pb; waste disposal; zircon; zircon group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00174-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace analysis of explosives in seawater using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry AN - 52479746; 1999-037643 AB - Complex matrixes typically cannot be analyzed directly to obtain the selectivity and sensitivity required for most trace analysis applications. To circumvent this problem, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) techniques were used to preconcentrate analytes selectively prior to gas chromatographic/ion trap mass spectrometric analysis. This approach was applied to the trace analysis of explosives and their metabolites in seawater. The choice of SPME sorbent phase was shown to be important especially for the amino metabolites of trinitrotoluene (TNT) and RDX, which were extracted better on polar phases. Although equilibration times were quite length, on the order of 30 min or greater, a sampling time of only 10 min was shown to be sufficient for achieving low part-per-billion (ppb) to part-per-trillion (ppt) detection limits for TNT and the amino metabolites in real seawater samples. While SPME was ideal for rapid screening of explosives in seawater samples, methods for improving the reproducibility and accuracy of quantification are still being investigated. JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC) AU - Barshick, Stacy-Ann AU - Griest, Wayne H Y1 - 1998/07// PY - 1998 DA - July 1998 SP - 3015 EP - 3020 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 70 IS - 14 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - metabolites KW - sea water KW - detection limit KW - gas chromatograms KW - mass spectra KW - trinitrotoluene KW - RDX KW - partitioning KW - laboratory studies KW - triazines KW - explosives KW - chemical properties KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - solid-phase microextraction KW - experimental studies KW - chemical analysis KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - trace-element analyses KW - hydrochemistry KW - equilibrium KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - trace metals KW - military facilities KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52479746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.atitle=Trace+analysis+of+explosives+in+seawater+using+solid-phase+microextraction+and+gas+chromatography%2Fion+trap+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Barshick%2C+Stacy-Ann%3BGriest%2C+Wayne+H&rft.aulast=Barshick&rft.aufirst=Stacy-Ann&rft.date=1998-07-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=3015&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/38876 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; chemical analysis; chemical properties; detection; detection limit; equilibrium; experimental studies; explosives; gas chromatograms; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; laboratory studies; mass spectra; metabolites; military facilities; organic compounds; partitioning; pollutants; pollution; RDX; sea water; solid-phase microextraction; spectra; trace metals; trace-element analyses; triazines; trinitrotoluene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biodegradation of cobalt-citrate complexes; implications for cobalt mobility in groundwater AN - 51039890; 1998-046759 AB - The bacterial consumption of chelating agents that are present in low-level radioactive and mixed wastes may help to immobilize chelated metals and radionuclides accidentally released to groundwater. We investigated the influence of the bacterial consumption of citrate complexed with cobalt on cobalt transport through packed sand columns. Experiments were conducted using each of three types of column packing material using minerals common to subsurface environments: clean quartz sand; ferric oxide (Fe(OH) (sub 3) )-coated sand; hausmannite (Mn (sub 3) O (sub 4) )-coated sand. Separate control column experiments were conducted to examine citrate's influence on cobalt transport without the bacterial consumption of citrate. The bacterial community consumed all the citrate; the pore water pH decreased by up to one unit before reaching a steady-state value of 6.9-7.1, which was lower than the influent pH (7.4). These results were in contrast to open batch experiments conducted with the same culture, where the pH increased by more than one unit. The dissolved oxygen exhibited similar dynamics, reaching a steady-state value of 3-4 mg/l, well below the influent value of 7.5 mg/l. The dynamics in pore water pH and dissolved oxygen were associated with the presence of the bacterial community because these parameters remained steady in control experiments in which the bacteria were not included. Cobalt transport was most rapid for the columns packed with quartz sand followed by the Fe-coated sand and finally the Mn-coated sand. Most of the cobalt retained by the quartz sand and Fe-coated sand was easily exchanged with Mg (super 2+) whereas most of the cobalt retained by the Mn-coated sand required an acetic acid solution for its removal. The bacterially mediated pH decrease, driven by the consumption of citrate, decreased cobalt sorption to the solid phase resulting in enhanced cobalt transport. The results of these experiments suggest that geochemical changes, driven by the bacterial consumption of citrate, enhanced cobalt transport although the complexing ligand had been removed from the system. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Herman, Janet S AU - Hornberger, George M AU - Mills, Aaron L Y1 - 1998/07// PY - 1998 DA - July 1998 SP - 99 EP - 115 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 32 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - cobalt KW - isotopes KW - complexing KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - ferric iron KW - ligands KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - hausmannite KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - mobility KW - sand KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - chelation KW - low-level waste KW - pore water KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51039890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Biodegradation+of+cobalt-citrate+complexes%3B+implications+for+cobalt+mobility+in+groundwater&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Scott+C%3BHerman%2C+Janet+S%3BHornberger%2C+George+M%3BMills%2C+Aaron+L&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=1998-07-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; chelation; clastic sediments; cobalt; complexing; experimental studies; ferric iron; ground water; hausmannite; in situ; iron; isotopes; laboratory studies; ligands; low-level waste; metals; mobility; oxides; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; pore water; radioactive isotopes; remediation; sand; sediments; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atherosclerotic risks from chemicals: Part II. A RASH analysis of in vitro and in vivo bioassay data to evaluate 45 potentially hazardous compounds AN - 17177667; 4471355 AB - As reviewed in the Part I companion manuscript by Basavaraju and Jones (Arch Environ Contam Toxicol), atherosclerosis and carcinogenesis may share some common mechanisms of toxicological action. On that hypothesis, standardized test data taken from the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) were used lo compute relative potency factors for chemical compounds associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis to humans. Potencies of the different compounds were computed relative to each of six reference compounds comprised of benzo(a)pyrene, nicotine, cisplatin, adriamycin, estrogen, and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Reference-specific potencies were all converted to a common numerical scale adjusted to unit potency for B(a)P. Because the list of compounds contained several antibiotics, amino acids, hormones, chemotherapeutic agents, polynuclear aromatics, alkaloids, metals, and vitamins, the standardized estimates of potency varied significantly depending on which of the six reference compounds are considered as standards of comparison. For the n - 1 other substances. Estimates of relative potency, risk coefficients, and generalized risk equations are estimated for cigarette smoke condensate, dietary cholesterol, ethanol, and carbon disulfide. From data on atherosclerosis as a result of cigarette smoking, a tentative risk was estimated as Increased Relative Risk = S (mg/kg-day) super(-1) x dose (mg/kg-day) x RP, where the dose is chronic intake per kilogram of body weight per day. RP is the potency of the compound of interest relative to that of benzo(a)pyrene, and S is 0.83, 0.25, 0.20, or 13 depending on whether cigarette smoke, cholesterol, ethanol, or carbon disulfide epidemiological data were used as a standard of comparison. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Jones, T D AU - Morris, MD AU - Basavaraju AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4500-S, M.S. 6101, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA Y1 - 1998/07// PY - 1998 DA - Jul 1998 SP - 165 EP - 177 VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Nicotine KW - TCDD KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - Antibiotics KW - Chemical pollution KW - Arteriosclerosis KW - Hormones KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17177667?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Atherosclerotic+risks+from+chemicals%3A+Part+II.+A+RASH+analysis+of+in+vitro+and+in+vivo+bioassay+data+to+evaluate+45+potentially+hazardous+compounds&rft.au=Jones%2C+T+D%3BMorris%2C+MD%3BBasavaraju&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-07-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nicotine; Hormones; TCDD; Antibiotics; Arteriosclerosis; Risk assessment; Benzo(a)pyrene; Chemical pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atherosclerotic risks from chemicals: Part I. Toxicological observations and mechanisms of atherosclerosis AN - 17177104; 4471354 AB - Atherosclerosis is a common disease, primarily of the large arteries, that begins in childhood and progresses with advancing age. Atherosclerosis leads to coronary heart disease, the major cause of death in the United States. Several risk factors affect atherosclerosis, but high LDL cholesterol is the most important risk factor. In addition, high levels of lipoprotein (a) appear to be associated with increased atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. The level of lipoprotein (a) is genetically determined and is not affected by diet or exercise. Studies on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis suggest that several steps are involved, including endothelial injury, increased arterial permeability to plasma lipoproteins, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and platelet aggregation. Atherosclerotic plaques are benign neoplasms of the arterial wall that result from the monoclonal proliferation of a single mutated smooth muscle cell. Abnormal proliferation of smooth muscle cells is the key event in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Endothelial injury is another major contributory factor. Many factors associated with an increased risk of cancer are also associated with atherosclerosis. Cancer and atherosclerosis go through the same stages of initiation, promotion, and complication. Both inflammatory and immune reactions play important roles in the progressions of the two diseases. Smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells produce and respond to several cytokines and growth factors, which may influence the initiation, progression, and complication of the atherosclerotic lesions. Many studies have shown that the production of nitric oxide is decreased in atherosclerosis - reduction in the bioavailability of nitric oxide in the arterial wall may lead to leukocyte adhesion and platelet aggregation. It should be noted additionally, nitric oxide is a mutagenic agent involved in the origin of neoplastic diseases. Atherosclerotic plaques express genes for products not found in the normal arterial wall. As with carcinogenesis, there may be more than one mechanism that promotes atherosclerotic lesions and there may be common mechanistic similarities between the two diseases. The purpose of this study is to establish an exploratory scientific hypothesis that will permit the use of standardized toxicological test data to evaluate different chemicals. The companion paper that follows will use a method of relative toxicological potencies to develop tentative risk coefficients based on relative potency. These papers, in combination, provide both a conceptual and a quantitative hypothesis that can be tested with data from forthcoming epidemiological studies or animal test models. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Basavaraju AU - Jones, T D AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4500-S, M.S.6101, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA Y1 - 1998/07// PY - 1998 DA - Jul 1998 SP - 152 EP - 164 VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Nitric oxide KW - Chemical pollution KW - Carcinogens KW - Arteriosclerosis KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17177104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Atherosclerotic+risks+from+chemicals%3A+Part+I.+Toxicological+observations+and+mechanisms+of+atherosclerosis&rft.au=Basavaraju%3BJones%2C+T+D&rft.aulast=Basavaraju&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-07-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arteriosclerosis; Nitric oxide; Risk assessment; Carcinogens; Chemical pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Utilization of microhomologous recombination in yeast to generate targeting constructs for mammalian genes. AN - 79966014; 9639665 AB - We have developed a new procedure utilizing microhomologous recombination in yeast to generate targeting constructs for producing targeted mutations in mice. This procedure is rapid and efficient, and should be directly applicable to all mammalian genes. Moreover, only minimal information about the locus being targeted is required. The feasibility of this approach was demonstrated by producing another allele of the mouse Tg737 polycystic kidney gene. JF - Mutation research AU - Khrebtukova, I AU - Michaud, E J AU - Foster, C M AU - Stark, K L AU - Garfinkel, D J AU - Woychik, R P AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. Y1 - 1998/06/05/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Jun 05 SP - 11 EP - 25 VL - 401 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - DNA Primers KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mammals KW - Exons KW - Cloning, Molecular -- methods KW - Mice KW - Genomic Library KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Alleles KW - Base Sequence KW - Chimera KW - Transformation, Genetic KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- genetics KW - Recombination, Genetic KW - Polycystic Kidney Diseases -- genetics KW - Gene Targeting KW - Mutagenesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79966014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Utilization+of+microhomologous+recombination+in+yeast+to+generate+targeting+constructs+for+mammalian+genes.&rft.au=Khrebtukova%2C+I%3BMichaud%2C+E+J%3BFoster%2C+C+M%3BStark%2C+K+L%3BGarfinkel%2C+D+J%3BWoychik%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Khrebtukova&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1998-06-05&rft.volume=401&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-08-05 N1 - Date created - 1998-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Mutat Res 1999 Jan 25;423(1-2):191 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pyrolysis of a polymeric model of aromatic carboxylic acids in low-rank coal AN - 52544543; 1998-074911 JF - Energy & Fuels AU - Britt, Phillip F AU - Mungall, William S AU - Buchanan, A C, III Y1 - 1998/06// PY - 1998 DA - June 1998 SP - 660 EP - 661 PB - American Chemical Society, [Washington, DC] VL - 12 IS - 3 SN - 0887-0624, 0887-0624 KW - polymerization KW - infrared spectra KW - FTIR spectra KW - rank KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - sedimentary rocks KW - pyrolysis KW - coal KW - carboxylic acids KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52544543?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Fuels&rft.atitle=Pyrolysis+of+a+polymeric+model+of+aromatic+carboxylic+acids+in+low-rank+coal&rft.au=Britt%2C+Phillip+F%3BMungall%2C+William+S%3BBuchanan%2C+A+C%2C+III&rft.aulast=Britt&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft.date=1998-06-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=660&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Fuels&rft.issn=08870624&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - DC] N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ENFUEM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carboxylic acids; coal; FTIR spectra; geochemistry; infrared spectra; organic acids; organic compounds; polymerization; pyrolysis; rank; sedimentary rocks; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A two-tiered approach to reactive transport; application to Sr mobility under variable pH AN - 52462586; 1999-049758 JF - Ground Water AU - Toran, Laura AU - Bryant, Steve AU - Saunders, James AU - Wheeler, Mary F Y1 - 1998/06// PY - 1998 DA - June 1998 SP - 404 EP - 408 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 36 IS - 3 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - Sr-90 KW - PHREEQC KW - alkaline earth metals KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - hydrochemistry KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - models KW - computer programs KW - radioactive isotopes KW - metals KW - Tennessee KW - mobility KW - geochemistry KW - strontium KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52462586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=A+two-tiered+approach+to+reactive+transport%3B+application+to+Sr+mobility+under+variable+pH&rft.au=Toran%2C+Laura%3BBryant%2C+Steve%3BSaunders%2C+James%3BWheeler%2C+Mary+F&rft.aulast=Toran&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=1998-06-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=404&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; computer programs; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; isotopes; metals; mobility; models; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pH; PHREEQC; pollutants; radioactive isotopes; remediation; solute transport; Sr-90; strontium; Tennessee; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unlike other chemicals, etoposide (a topoisomerase-II inhibitor) produces peak mutagenicity in primary spermatocytes of the mouse. AN - 80045175; 9685680 AB - The cancer chemotherapy agent, and topoisomerase-II inhibitor, etoposide (VP-16) produced both recessive mutations at specific loci and dominants at other loci with peak frequencies in primary spermatocytes, a cell type in which the topo-II gene has been shown to be activated. Etoposide thus differs from all other chemicals whose germ-cell-stage specificity has been analyzed. No effects of etoposide exposure of spermatogonial stem cells ( approximately 15, 000 offspring scored) were detectable by either mutagenicity or productivity endpoints. The significant mutagenic response that followed exposure of poststem-cell stages ( approximately 25,000 offspring scored) showed a clear peak, with three of four specific-locus mutants, and three of four dominant mutants conceived during weeks 4 or 5 (days 22-35) post-injection, a period that also encompassed the dominant-lethal peak. For this period, the induced specific-locus rate (with 95% confidence limits) at a weighted-average exposure of 75.1 mg etop/kg was 59.5 (14.6, 170. 9)x10-6/locus. At least 3 of the 4 specific-locus mutations were deletions, paralleling findings with etoposide or analogs in other test systems where a recombinational origin of the deletions has been suggested. Because, unlike other chemicals that induce deletions in male germ cells, etoposide is effective in stages normally associated with recombinational events, it will be of interest to determine whether this chemical can affect meiotic recombination. JF - Mutation research AU - Russell, L B AU - Hunsicker, P R AU - Johnson, D K AU - Shelby, M D AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8077, USA. russellb@bioax1.bio.ornl.gov Y1 - 1998/05/25/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 May 25 SP - 279 EP - 286 VL - 400 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Membrane Glycoproteins KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Proteins KW - Receptor, Endothelin B KW - Receptors, Endothelin KW - Topoisomerase II Inhibitors KW - Etoposide KW - 6PLQ3CP4P3 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Tyrp1 protein, mouse KW - EC 1.14.18.- KW - tyrosinase-related protein-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutation -- drug effects KW - Mutagenesis -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Survival Rate KW - Spermatogonia -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Receptors, Endothelin -- genetics KW - Crosses, Genetic KW - Mice KW - Proteins -- genetics KW - Male KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Spermatocytes -- drug effects KW - Etoposide -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80045175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Unlike+other+chemicals%2C+etoposide+%28a+topoisomerase-II+inhibitor%29+produces+peak+mutagenicity+in+primary+spermatocytes+of+the+mouse.&rft.au=Russell%2C+L+B%3BHunsicker%2C+P+R%3BJohnson%2C+D+K%3BShelby%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1998-05-25&rft.volume=400&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-09-23 N1 - Date created - 1998-09-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of batchstirred and electrospray reactors for biodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene in crude oil and hydrocarbon feedstocks AN - 954579228; 13858742 AB - Biological removal of organic sulfur from petroleum feedstocks offers an attractive alternative to conventional thermochemical treatment, because of the mild operating conditions afforded by the biocatalyst. In order for biodesulfurization to realize commercial success, reactors must be designed that allow for sufficient liquid-liquid and gas-liquid mass transfer, while simultaneously reducing operating costs. Electro-spray bioreactors were investigated for use as desulfurization reactors because of their reported operational cost savings relative to mechanically agitated reactors. Unlike batch-stirred reactors, which mix the biocatalystcontaining aqueous phase with the organic feedstock by imparting momentum to the entire bulk solution, electro-spray reactors have the potential for tremendous cost savings, creating an emulsion <5 (km in diameter, at a cost of only 3 W/L. Power law relationships indicate that mechanically stirred reactors would require 100-1000-fold more energy to create such a fine emulsion, but these relationships generally do not account for the effect of endogenously produced surfactant in the system. Here, the rates dibenzothiophene (DBT) oxidation to 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-HBP) in hexadecane, byRhodococcus sp IGTS8 are compared in the two reactor systems. Desulfurization rates ranged from 1.0 to 5.0 mg 2-HBP/(dry g cells . h), independent of the reactor employed. The batch-stirred reactor was capable of forming a very fine emulsion in the presence of the biocatalyst IGTS8, similar to that formed in the emulsion phase contactor (EP super(TM)), presumably because the biocatalyst produces its own surfactant. Although EPC did not prove to be advantageous for the IGTS8 desulfurization system, it may prove advantageous for systems that do not produce surface-active bioagents, in addition to being mass-transport limited. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Kaufman, Eric N AU - Harkins, James B AU - Borole, Abhijeet P AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bioprocessing Research and Development Center, 37831-6226, Oak Ridge, TN, ekn@ornl.gov Y1 - 1998/05// PY - 1998 DA - May 1998 SP - 127 EP - 144 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 73 IS - 2-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Sulfur KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Thioxanthene KW - biocatalysts KW - desulfurization KW - Oil KW - Energy KW - Bioreactors KW - Petroleum KW - Oxidation KW - Hexadecane KW - Mass transfer KW - Surfactants KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954579228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+batchstirred+and+electrospray+reactors+for+biodesulfurization+of+dibenzothiophene+in+crude+oil+and+hydrocarbon+feedstocks&rft.au=Kaufman%2C+Eric+N%3BHarkins%2C+James+B%3BBorole%2C+Abhijeet+P&rft.aulast=Kaufman&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=1998-05-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02785650 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfur; Hydrocarbons; biocatalysts; Thioxanthene; desulfurization; Oil; Petroleum; Bioreactors; Energy; Oxidation; Mass transfer; Hexadecane; Surfactants DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02785650 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of climatic change on carbon storage in the Sahara-Gobi desert belt since the last glacial maximum AN - 52595754; 1998-042310 AB - Reconstructions of palaeolandscapes for intervals with different climatic conditions help define regional trends in palaeobiomass and carbon storage due to global climatic change. The Sahara-Gobi desert belt stretches for about 15,000 km from the Atlantic coast to Northern China. Natural vegetation zones have undergone a number of significant shifts and complex qualitative changes under the contrasting climatic conditions of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the Holocene Climatic Optimum (HCO). The results presented here are based on palynological, pedological and sedimentological evidence, which indicate that the amount of carbon stored in vegetation and soils would have been much smaller during the Glacial Maximum than in the interglacial and post glacial times. Comparison of a set of palaeogeographic maps of this region for the chosen time-slices (ca. 20-18 ka, 9-8 ka and the present) allows us to discuss land biomass changes. Dry and cool conditions during the LGM resulted in the spread of arid and semi-arid ecosystems at northern and southern margins of the desert belt. The southern limit of the Sahara migrated southward at least 400 km relative to its present position, and almost 1000 km south compared to the mid-Holocene. The northern margin of the temperate deserts and dry steppes of Central Asia shifted northward for not less than 200-300 km over Kazakhstan, southern Siberia and Mongolia. In this study we have quantified variations of the main ecosystems from the LGM to the HCO in terms of changes in carbon storage. Each vegetation zone has been assigned a carbon density for living and dead (soil) organic matter. During the last world deglaciation, the Sahara-Gobi desert belt was a sink for approximately 200 Gt of atmospheric carbon, but since the mid-Holocene, it has been a source of carbon. JF - Global and Planetary Change AU - Lioubimtseva, E AU - Simon, B AU - Faure, Hugues AU - Faure-Denard, Liliane AU - Adams, Jonathan M A2 - Faure, Hugues A2 - Faure-Denard, Liliane A2 - Adams, Jonathan M. Y1 - 1998/05// PY - 1998 DA - May 1998 SP - 95 EP - 105 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 16-17 IS - 1-4 SN - 0921-8181, 0921-8181 KW - terrestrial environment KW - last glacial maximum KW - Quaternary KW - biomass KW - arid environment KW - vegetation KW - Gobi Desert KW - paleoclimatology KW - paleoecology KW - IGCP KW - geochemical cycle KW - Cenozoic KW - paleoenvironment KW - carbon KW - glacial environment KW - Pleistocene KW - Africa KW - Sahara KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - Asia KW - storage KW - productivity KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52595754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+and+Planetary+Change&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+climatic+change+on+carbon+storage+in+the+Sahara-Gobi+desert+belt+since+the+last+glacial+maximum&rft.au=Lioubimtseva%2C+E%3BSimon%2C+B%3BFaure%2C+Hugues%3BFaure-Denard%2C+Liliane%3BAdams%2C+Jonathan+M&rft.aulast=Lioubimtseva&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1998-05-01&rft.volume=16-17&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+and+Planetary+Change&rft.issn=09218181&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09218181 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 15 INQUA symposium on carbon cycle N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - IGCP Project No. 404 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; arid environment; Asia; biomass; carbon; carbon cycle; Cenozoic; geochemical cycle; glacial environment; Gobi Desert; IGCP; last glacial maximum; organic carbon; paleoclimatology; paleoecology; paleoenvironment; Pleistocene; productivity; Quaternary; Sahara; storage; terrestrial environment; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new estimate of changing carbon storage on land since the last glacial maximum, based on global land ecosystem reconstruction AN - 52591585; 1998-042304 AB - A review of global land vegetation 18,000, 8000, and 5000 (super 14) C years B.P. allowed map reconstructions of past ecosystem distribution. By collecting soil and vegetation carbon storage data from the ecological literature, the map reconstructions were then used to estimate the total organic carbon storage on land at each of these time slices. Our best estimate suggests that there was an extremely large increase in land organic carbon storage, of around 1500 Gt (with extreme outer error limits for the increase placed at around 900 and 1900 Gt, respectively) between the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the early-to-mid Holocene. It seems that the world's terrestrial carbon reservoirs more than doubled in size between full-glacial and full-interglacial conditions, due to a great increase in the areas of forest and other carbon-rich ecosystems. Although there are many uncertainties in such calculations, comparing them to methods used in other published estimates, we suggest that the present estimate may represent an overall improvement in accuracy. Apparent problems in previous studies include the use of relatively few data points and a limited range of types of palaeoenvironmental evidence, the unselective use of carbon storage data from anthropogenically modified ecosystems, and the assignment of an anomalously high carbon storage in the LGM "steppe-tundra" ecosystem. JF - Global and Planetary Change AU - Adams, Jonathan M AU - Faure, Hugues A2 - Faure, Hugues A2 - Faure-Denard, Liliane A2 - Adams, Jonathan M. Y1 - 1998/05// PY - 1998 DA - May 1998 SP - 3 EP - 24 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 16-17 IS - 1-4 SN - 0921-8181, 0921-8181 KW - terrestrial environment KW - last glacial maximum KW - lower Holocene KW - isotopes KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - paleoecology KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dates KW - carbon KW - glacial environment KW - absolute age KW - ice cores KW - Quaternary KW - interglacial environment KW - human activity KW - measurement KW - IGCP KW - geochemical cycle KW - paleoenvironment KW - Pleistocene KW - carbon cycle KW - C-14 KW - accuracy KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52591585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+and+Planetary+Change&rft.atitle=A+new+estimate+of+changing+carbon+storage+on+land+since+the+last+glacial+maximum%2C+based+on+global+land+ecosystem+reconstruction&rft.au=Adams%2C+Jonathan+M%3BFaure%2C+Hugues&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=1998-05-01&rft.volume=16-17&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+and+Planetary+Change&rft.issn=09218181&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09218181 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 15 INQUA symposium on carbon cycle N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - IGCP Project No. 404 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; accuracy; C-14; carbon; carbon cycle; Cenozoic; dates; ecosystems; geochemical cycle; glacial environment; Holocene; human activity; ice cores; IGCP; interglacial environment; isotopes; last glacial maximum; lower Holocene; measurement; paleoclimatology; paleoecology; paleoenvironment; Pleistocene; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; terrestrial environment; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate and exposure models; selecting the appropriate model for a specific application; SESOIL and AT123D models AN - 52237570; 2001-034040 JF - Journal of Soil Contamination AU - Hetrick, D M AU - Scott, S J AU - Clark, Kathryn E AU - Richardson, G Mark Y1 - 1998/05// PY - 1998 DA - May 1998 SP - 301 EP - 309 PB - Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1058-8337, 1058-8337 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - AT123D KW - one-dimensional models KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - chemical waste KW - ground water KW - Seasonal Soil Compartment Model KW - partitioning KW - transport KW - chemical properties KW - SESOIL KW - mobility KW - soils KW - Analytical Transient 1-,2-,3-Dimensional Model KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - migration of elements KW - equilibrium KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - industrial waste KW - risk assessment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52237570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+Contamination&rft.atitle=Fate+and+exposure+models%3B+selecting+the+appropriate+model+for+a+specific+application%3B+SESOIL+and+AT123D+models&rft.au=Hetrick%2C+D+M%3BScott%2C+S+J%3BClark%2C+Kathryn+E%3BRichardson%2C+G+Mark&rft.aulast=Hetrick&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-05-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+Contamination&rft.issn=10588337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Analytical Transient 1-,2-,3-Dimensional Model; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; AT123D; chemical properties; chemical waste; computer programs; data processing; equilibrium; ground water; industrial waste; mathematical models; migration of elements; mobility; one-dimensional models; partitioning; pollutants; pollution; risk assessment; Seasonal Soil Compartment Model; SESOIL; soils; transport; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Processes controlling colloid composition in a fractured and karstic aquifer in eastern Tennessee, USA AN - 16457582; 4367812 AB - Groundwater was sampled from a number of wells along recharge pathways between fractured shale and karstic formations to evaluate the chemical and hydrologic mechanisms controlling the nature and abundance of groundwater colloids. The colloids recovered using low flow rate purging and sampling exhibited a composition and abundance consistent with lithology, flow paths, and effects of hydrology and aqueous chemistry on colloid mobilization and stability. In general, the larger-size colloids and Ca-containing colloids were more abundant in the karstic lithologies, while Na-containing colloids were more important in the shales. The composition of the colloids reflected recharge pathways from the fractured shale and dolomite formations on the ridges into the limestone in the valley floor. The Mg-colloids in the limestone reflect the possible contributions from the dolomite, while the Na, K, and Si reflect possible contributions from the shale. However, it was not possible to use the colloid composition as a signature to demonstrate colloid transport from one lithology to another. Mixing of recharge water from the shale with groundwater within the limestone formation and precipitation/dissolution reactions could account for the colloids present in the limestone without invoking transport of specific shale-derived colloids into the limestone formation. The abundance of colloids in groundwater appears to be controlled by both chemical factors affecting colloid stability, as well as physical factors related to hydrology (storm-driven recharge and water velocities). In general, colloids were more abundant in wells with low ionic strength, such as shallow wells in water table aquifers near sources of recharge at the top of the ridges. Increases in cation concentrations due to dissolution reactions along flow paths were associated with decreases in colloid abundance. However, in spite of elevated ionic strength, colloid concentrations tended to be unexpectedly high in karstic wells that were completed in cavities or water-bearing fractures. The higher levels of colloids appear to be related to storm-driven changes in chemistry or flow rates that causes resuspension of colloids settled within cavities and fractures. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - McCarthy, J F AU - Shevenell, L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, mccarthyjf@ornl.gov Y1 - 1998/05// PY - 1998 DA - May 1998 SP - 191 EP - 218 VL - 206 IS - 3-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - USA, Tennessee KW - shale KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16457582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Processes+controlling+colloid+composition+in+a+fractured+and+karstic+aquifer+in+eastern+Tennessee%2C+USA&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+J+F%3BShevenell%2C+L&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-05-01&rft.volume=206&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water relations of several hardwood species in response to throughfall manipulation in an upland oak forest during a wet year AN - 16434470; 4331032 AB - We investigated the effects of altered precipitation on leaf osmotic potential at full turgor ( psi sub( pi o)) of several species in an upland oak forest during the 1994 growing season as part of a Throughfall Displacement Experiment at the Walker Branch Watershed near Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The main species sampled included overstory chestnut oak (Quercus prinus L.), white oak (Q. alba L.), red maple (Acer rubrum L.); intermediates sugar maple (A. saccharum L.) and blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica Marsh.); and understory dogwood (Cornus florida L.) and red maple. The precipitation treatments were: ambient precipitation; ambient minus 33% of throughfall (dry); and ambient plus 33% of throughfall (wet). Except in late September, midday leaf water potentials ( psi sub(1)) were generally high in all species in all treatments, ranging from -0.31 to -1.34 MPa for C. florida, -0.58 to -1.51 MPa for A. rubrum, and -0.78 to -1.86 MPa for Q. prinus. Both treatment and species differences in psi sub( pi o) were evident, with oak species generally exhibiting lower psi sub( pi o) than A. saccharum, A. rubrum, C. florida, and N. sylvatica. The psi sub( pi o) of C. florida saplings declined in the dry treatment, and Q. prinus, Q. alba, and A. saccharum all exhibited a declining trend of psi sub( pi o) in the dry treatment, although psi sub( pi o) of Q. prinus leaves increased in late August, corresponding to a recovery in soil water potential, Cornus florida exhibited osmotic adjustment with the largest adjustment coinciding with the period of lowest soil water potential in June. The only other species to exhibit osmotic adjustment was Q. prinus, which also maintained a lower baseline psi sub( pi o) than the other species. We conclude that a 33% reduction of throughfall is sufficient both to alter the water relations of some species in the upland oak forest and to enable the identification of those species capable of osmotic adjustment to a short-term drought during a wet year. JF - Tree Physiology AU - Gebre, G M AU - Tschaplinski, T J AU - Shirshac, T L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA Y1 - 1998/05// PY - 1998 DA - May 1998 SP - 299 EP - 305 VL - 18 IS - 5 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - USA, Tennessee KW - USA, Tennessee, Walker Branch KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16434470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=Water+relations+of+several+hardwood+species+in+response+to+throughfall+manipulation+in+an+upland+oak+forest+during+a+wet+year&rft.au=Gebre%2C+G+M%3BTschaplinski%2C+T+J%3BShirshac%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Gebre&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1998-05-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Osmotic potential of several hardwood species as affected by manipulation of throughfall precipitation in an upland oak forest during a dry year AN - 16427777; 4331031 AB - Components of dehydration tolerance, including osmotic potential at full turgor ( psi sub( pi o)) and osmotic adjustment (lowering of psi sub( pi o)), of several deciduous species were investigated in a mature, upland oak forest in eastern Tennessee. Beginning July 1993, the trees were subjected to one of three throughfall precipitation treatments: ambient, ambient minus 33% (dry treatment), and ambient plus 33% (wet treatment). During the dry 1995 growing season, leaf water potentials of all species declined to between -2.5 and -3.1 MPa in the dry treatment. There was considerable variation in psi sub( pi o) among species (-1.0 to -2.0 MPa). Based on psi sub( pi o) values, American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.), dogwood (Cornus florida L.), and sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) were least dehydration tolerant, red maple (A. rubrum L.) was intermediate in tolerance, and white oak (Quercus alba L.) and chestnut oak (Quercus prinus L.) were most tolerant. During severe drought, overstory chestnut oak and understory dogwood, red maple and chestnut oak displayed osmotic adjustment (-0.12 to -0.20 MPa) in the dry treatment relative to the wet treatment. (No osmotic adjustment was evident in understory red maple and chestnut oak during the previous wet year.) Osmotic potential at full turgor was generally correlated with leaf water potential, with both declining over the growing season, especially in species that displayed osmotic adjustment. However, osmotic adjustment was not restricted to species considered dehydration tolerant; for example, dogwood typically maintained high psi sub( pi o) and displayed osmotic adjustment to drought, but had the highest mortality rates of the species studied. Understory saplings tended to have higher psi sub( pi o) than overstory trees when water availability was high, but psi sub( pi o) of understory trees declined to values observed for overstory trees during severe drought. We conclude that psi sub( pi o) varies among deciduous hardwood species and is dependent on canopy position and soil water potential in the rooting zone. JF - Tree Physiology AU - Tschaplinski, T J AU - Gebre, G M AU - Shirshac, T L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA Y1 - 1998/05// PY - 1998 DA - May 1998 SP - 291 EP - 298 VL - 18 IS - 5 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16427777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=Osmotic+potential+of+several+hardwood+species+as+affected+by+manipulation+of+throughfall+precipitation+in+an+upland+oak+forest+during+a+dry+year&rft.au=Tschaplinski%2C+T+J%3BGebre%2C+G+M%3BShirshac%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Tschaplinski&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-05-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foliar retention of super(15)N tracers: implications for net canopy exchange in low- and high-elevation forest ecosystems AN - 16258028; 4263964 AB - Nitrogen-15 (15 N) labelled ammonium and nitrate were applied to understory saplings in a low-elevation deciduous forest and a high-elevation coniferous forest during the 1993 growing season to estimate the minimum retention of inorganic N from wet deposition. Tissue samples were collected at both sites before and after the tracer applications to determine the initial and the final 15 N content. The fraction of the tracer application retained by deciduous leaves or by current-year leaves and stems on conifers was calculated from measurements of 15 N and total N content. At both study sites, tracer applications significantly increased the 15 N content of sapling tissues, although there was no significant difference between the fractional retention of ammonium and nitrate. The results support earlier studies indicating that the foliar retention of 15 N applied in simulated wet deposition is small. Our estimates of annual N uptake from wet deposition by the forest canopy at the low- and high-elevation study sites were only 14 and 7%, respectively. This study, along with prior studies of the different chemical forms of N deposition, indicates that canopy uptake of dry N deposition is a major contributor to the net canopy exchange of N in both forests. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Garten Jr, CT AU - Schwab, AB AU - Shirshac, T L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA Y1 - 1998/04/20/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Apr 20 SP - 211 EP - 216 PB - Elsevier Science B.V. VL - 103 IS - 2-3 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04125:Temperate forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16258028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Foliar+retention+of+super%2815%29N+tracers%3A+implications+for+net+canopy+exchange+in+low-+and+high-elevation+forest+ecosystems&rft.au=Garten+Jr%2C+CT%3BSchwab%2C+AB%3BShirshac%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Garten+Jr&rft.aufirst=CT&rft.date=1998-04-20&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterization of Vickers, Berkovich, spherical and cube cornered diamond indenters by nanoindentation and SFM AN - 27454210; 200001-22-0086 (MD); 199912-B2-C-0543 (EC); 0366568 (EN) AB - Indentation at the nanometer scale using a Berkovich indenter is a widely used technique for measuring mechanical properties of materials. Other indenter geometries may find application in assessing elastic contact, the mechanism of fiber push-out in composites or fracture toughness. This study undertakes a comparison between the various indenter types, explores their suitability for acquiring elastic modulus, hardness and fracture toughness data, and discusses some limitations and cautions based on the data obtained with a nanoindenter and a Topometrix scanning force microprobe. Materials indented for area function calibration of the Vickers and Berkovich tips and for radii determination of the spherical indenters were single crystal silicon, sapphire, fused silica, aluminum oxide, soda lime glass, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, barium titanate, and nickel. (Also treated: titanium alloys.) JF - Materials Research Society Symposia Proceedings AU - Riester, L AU - Bridge, R J AU - Breder, K Y1 - 1998/04/13/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Apr 13 SP - 45 EP - 50 KW - Metadex (MD); Engineered Materials: Ceramics (EC); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - MRS Vol. 522 KW - Nickel KW - Mechanical properties KW - Titanium base alloys KW - Ceramics KW - Modulus of elasticity KW - Hardness KW - Fracture toughness KW - Hardness tests KW - Indentation KW - Testing equipment KW - Design KW - Geometry KW - Microscopy KW - Numerical analysis KW - Proceeding KW - EE 421:Strength of Building Materials KW - EE 931.2:Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids KW - EE 415:Metals, Plastics, Wood and Other Structural Materials (EN) KW - EE 741.3:Optical Devices and Systems KW - EE 482.2.1:Gems KW - Mechanical:Properties KW - EE 943.2:Mechanical Variables Measurements UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27454210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Engineering+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Riester%2C+L%3BBridge%2C+R+J%3BBreder%2C+K&rft.aulast=Riester&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1998-04-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=1558994289&rft.btitle=Characterization+of+Vickers%2C+Berkovich%2C+spherical+and+cube+cornered+diamond+indenters+by+nanoindentation+and+SFM&rft.title=Characterization+of+Vickers%2C+Berkovich%2C+spherical+and+cube+cornered+diamond+indenters+by+nanoindentation+and+SFM&rft.issn=02729172&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-21 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - Numerical Data N1 - SuppNotes - 10 ref., Numerical Data, Photomicrographs, Graphs; vol. 522 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Roles and microenvironments of tryptophanyl residues of spinach phosphoribulokinase. AN - 79763918; 9521825 AB - Phosphoribulokinase is one of several Calvin cycle enzymes that are light-regulated via the ferredoxin-thioredoxin system (R. A. Wolosiuk and B. B. Buchanan, 1978, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 189, 97-101). Substitution of the only two Trp residues of the enzyme was prompted by the following goals: to identify each tryptophanyl residue with respect to prior classifications as exposed and buried (C. A. Ghiron et al., 1988, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 260, 267-272); to explore the possible active-site location and function of conserved Trp155, as suggested by sequence proximity to catalytic Asp160 (H. A. Charlier et al., 1994, Biochemistry 33, 9343-9350); and to determine if fluorescence of a Trp residue can serve as a gauge of conformational differences between the reduced (active) and the oxidized (inactive) forms of the enzyme. Emission spectra and acrylamide quenching data demonstrate that Trp155 is solvent exposed, while Trp241 is buried. Kinetic parameters of the W241F mutant are not significantly altered relative to those of wild-type enzyme, thereby discounting any requirement for Trp at position 241. While substitution of Trp155 with Phe or Ala has little impact on Vmax, the Km for Ru5P and ATP are increased substantially; the diminished affinity for ATP is particularly pronounced in the case of the Ala substitution. In further support of an active-site location of Trp155, its fluorescence emission is subject to quenching by nucleotides. Fluorescence quenching of reduced W241F by ATP gives a dissociation constant (Kd) of 37 microM, virtually identical with its Km of 46 microM, and provides for the first time a direct measurement of the interaction of the kinase with product ADP (Kd of 1.3 mM). Fluorescence quenching of oxidized W241F by ATP reveals a Kd of 28 mM; however, this weakened binding does not reflect an altered microenvironment of Trp155, as its steady-state emission and fluorescence lifetimes are unaffected by the oxidation state. JF - Archives of biochemistry and biophysics AU - Brandes, H K AU - Larimer, F W AU - Lu, T Y AU - Dey, J AU - Hartman, F C AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. Y1 - 1998/04/01/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Apr 01 SP - 130 EP - 136 VL - 352 IS - 1 SN - 0003-9861, 0003-9861 KW - DNA Primers KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Tryptophan KW - 8DUH1N11BX KW - Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) KW - EC 2.7.1.- KW - phosphoribulokinase KW - EC 2.7.1.19 KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence KW - DNA Primers -- genetics KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Tryptophan -- chemistry KW - Recombinant Proteins -- genetics KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Base Sequence KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Kinetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Binding Sites -- genetics KW - Recombinant Proteins -- chemistry KW - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid KW - Spinacia oleracea -- enzymology KW - Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) -- chemistry KW - Spinacia oleracea -- genetics KW - Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) -- metabolism KW - Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79763918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+biochemistry+and+biophysics&rft.atitle=Roles+and+microenvironments+of+tryptophanyl+residues+of+spinach+phosphoribulokinase.&rft.au=Brandes%2C+H+K%3BLarimer%2C+F+W%3BLu%2C+T+Y%3BDey%2C+J%3BHartman%2C+F+C&rft.aulast=Brandes&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1998-04-01&rft.volume=352&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=130&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+biochemistry+and+biophysics&rft.issn=00039861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-05-04 N1 - Date created - 1998-05-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cambro-Ordovician stratigraphy; Sawatch Range, Colorado AN - 52607012; 1998-033415 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Brachle, Tina AU - Myrow, Paul M AU - Taylor, John AU - Miller, James F AU - Ripperdan, Robert L AU - Ethington, Raymond L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/04// PY - 1998 DA - April 1998 SP - 5 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 30 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Manitou Formation KW - isotopes KW - sedimentary basins KW - Dotsero Formation KW - stable isotopes KW - Cambrian KW - Ordovician KW - carbon KW - basins KW - faults KW - North America KW - shear zones KW - Conodonta KW - biostratigraphy KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - U. S. Rocky Mountains KW - Sawatch Range KW - paleogeography KW - Sawatch Formation KW - lithofacies KW - paleoenvironment KW - Peerless Formation KW - Lower Ordovician KW - biozones KW - Colorado KW - Rocky Mountains KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52607012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Cambro-Ordovician+stratigraphy%3B+Sawatch+Range%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Brachle%2C+Tina%3BMyrow%2C+Paul+M%3BTaylor%2C+John%3BMiller%2C+James+F%3BRipperdan%2C+Robert+L%3BEthington%2C+Raymond+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brachle&rft.aufirst=Tina&rft.date=1998-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Rocky Mountain Section, 50th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basins; biostratigraphy; biozones; C-13/C-12; Cambrian; carbon; Colorado; Conodonta; Dotsero Formation; faults; isotope ratios; isotopes; lithofacies; Lower Ordovician; Manitou Formation; microfossils; North America; Ordovician; paleoenvironment; paleogeography; Paleozoic; Peerless Formation; Rocky Mountains; Sawatch Formation; Sawatch Range; sedimentary basins; shear zones; stable isotopes; U. S. Rocky Mountains; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A method for modeling the thermodynamic mixing properties of high-temperature H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) fluids AN - 52450626; 1999-056336 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Blencoe, J G AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Seitz, J C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/04// PY - 1998 DA - April 1998 SP - 375 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 17, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - water KW - theoretical studies KW - phase equilibria KW - mixing KW - mathematical models KW - fluid phase KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - high temperature KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52450626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+method+for+modeling+the+thermodynamic+mixing+properties+of+high-temperature+H+%28sub+2%29+O-CO+%28sub+2%29+fluids&rft.au=Blencoe%2C+J+G%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BSeitz%2C+J+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Blencoe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-04-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=17%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1998 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; fluid phase; geochemistry; high temperature; mathematical models; mixing; phase equilibria; temperature; theoretical studies; thermodynamic properties; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Obtaining representative ground water samples in a fractured and karstic formation AN - 52418426; 2000-003291 JF - Ground Water AU - McCarthy, J AU - Shevenell, L Y1 - 1998/04// PY - 1998 DA - April 1998 SP - 251 EP - 260 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 36 IS - 2 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - fractured materials KW - water quality KW - colloidal materials KW - shale KW - pollutants KW - karst KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - pump tests KW - fractures KW - recharge KW - drawdown KW - sedimentary rocks KW - sampling KW - Tennessee KW - hydrodynamics KW - clastic rocks KW - carbonates KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52418426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Obtaining+representative+ground+water+samples+in+a+fractured+and+karstic+formation&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+J%3BShevenell%2C+L&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-04-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; carbonates; clastic rocks; colloidal materials; drawdown; fractured materials; fractures; ground water; hydrodynamics; karst; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pump tests; recharge; sampling; sedimentary rocks; shale; solute transport; Tennessee; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic surface wave tomography for near-surface structures AN - 51033790; 1998-052278 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Long, L T AU - Kocaoglu, A H AU - Doll, W E AU - Shedlock, Kaye M AU - Sheehan, Anne F Y1 - 1998/04// PY - 1998 DA - April 1998 SP - 158 PB - Seismological Society of America, Eastern Section, [Berkeley, CA] VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - geophysical surveys KW - guided waves KW - geophysical methods KW - elastic waves KW - distribution KW - seismic methods KW - surface waves KW - seismicity KW - velocity structure KW - Tennessee KW - surveys KW - seismic waves KW - waste disposal KW - interpretation KW - underground disposal KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51033790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Seismic+surface+wave+tomography+for+near-surface+structures&rft.au=Long%2C+L+T%3BKocaoglu%2C+A+H%3BDoll%2C+W+E%3BShedlock%2C+Kaye+M%3BSheehan%2C+Anne+F&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1998-04-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seismological Society of America 93rd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA] N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EAQNAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - distribution; elastic waves; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; guided waves; interpretation; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; seismic methods; seismic waves; seismicity; surface waves; surveys; Tennessee; tomography; underground disposal; United States; velocity structure; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing Land-Use Impacts on Natural Resources AN - 899135906; 15668138 JF - Environmental Management AU - Dale, V H AU - King, A W AU - Mann, L K AU - Washington-Allen, R A AU - McCord, R A AD - Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6031, USA , US Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 203 EP - 211 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Natural resources KW - Land use KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/899135906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Assessing+Land-Use+Impacts+on+Natural+Resources&rft.au=Dale%2C+V+H%3BKing%2C+A+W%3BMann%2C+L+K%3BWashington-Allen%2C+R+A%3BMcCord%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs002679900097 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Natural resources; Land use DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002679900097 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production of ethanol from starch by co-immobilizedZymomonas mobilis-glucoamylase in a fluidized-bed reactor AN - 815536053; 13859196 AB - The production of ethanol from starch was studied in a fluidized-bed reactor (FBR) using co-immobilizedZymomonas mobilis and glucoamylase. The FBR was a glass column of 2.54 cm in diameter and 120 cm in length. TheZ. mobilis and glucoamylase were co-immobilized within small uniform beads (1.2-2.5 mm diameter) of -carrageenan. The substrate for ethanol production was a soluble starch. Light steep water was used as the complex nutrient source. The experiments were performed at 35C and pH range of 4.0-5.5. The substrate concentrations ranged from 40 to 185 g/L, and the feed rates from 10 to 37 mL/min. Under relaxed sterility conditions, the FBR was successfully operated for a period of 22 d, during which no contamination or structural failure of the biocatalyst beads was observed. Volumetric productivity as high as 38 g ethanol/(Lh), which was 74% of the maximum expected value, was obtained. Typical ethanol volumetric productivity was in the range of 15-20 g/(Lh). The average yield was 0.49 g ethanol/g substrate consumed, which was 90% of the theoretical yield. Very low levels of glucose were observed in the reactor, indicating that starch hydrolysis was the rate-limiting step. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Sun, May Y AU - Nghiem, Nhuan P AU - Davison, Brian H AU - Webb, Oren F AU - Bienkowski, Paul R AD - Bioprocessing Research and Development Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 429 EP - 439 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 70-72 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Contamination KW - biocatalysts KW - Glucose KW - Sterility KW - Starch KW - Hydrolysis KW - Light effects KW - Glucan 1,4- alpha -glucosidase KW - Nutrient sources KW - Glucan 1,4-a-glucosidase KW - pH effects KW - Ethanol KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815536053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Production+of+ethanol+from+starch+by+co-immobilizedZymomonas+mobilis-glucoamylase+in+a+fluidized-bed+reactor&rft.au=Sun%2C+May+Y%3BNghiem%2C+Nhuan+P%3BDavison%2C+Brian+H%3BWebb%2C+Oren+F%3BBienkowski%2C+Paul+R&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=May&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=70-72&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02920158 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Glucan 1,4- alpha -glucosidase; Contamination; biocatalysts; Sterility; Glucose; Nutrient sources; Glucan 1,4-a-glucosidase; Starch; pH effects; Hydrolysis; Light effects; Ethanol DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02920158 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introduction to session 5 AN - 807291559; 13859231 JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Dorsch, Robert AU - Nghiem, Nhuan AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 843 EP - 844 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 70-72 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807291559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Introduction+to+session+5&rft.au=Dorsch%2C+Robert%3BNghiem%2C+Nhuan&rft.aulast=Dorsch&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=70-72&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=843&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02920193 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02920193 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introduction AN - 807290790; 13859155 JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Finkelstein, Mark AU - Davison, Brian H AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - iii EP - iv PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 70-72 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807290790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Introduction&rft.au=Finkelstein%2C+Mark%3BDavison%2C+Brian+H&rft.aulast=Finkelstein&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=70-72&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=iii&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02920117 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02920117 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introduction to session 1 AN - 807284730; 13859156 JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Ladisch, Michael R AU - Wright, Lynn AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 1 EP - 2 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 70-72 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807284730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Introduction+to+session+1&rft.au=Ladisch%2C+Michael+R%3BWright%2C+Lynn&rft.aulast=Ladisch&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=70-72&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02920118 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02920118 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple catalytic roles of His 287 of Rhodospirillum rubrum ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. AN - 79780036; 9541405 AB - Active-site His 287 of Rhodospirillum rubrum ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase/oxygenase interacts with the C3-hydroxyl of bound substrate or reaction-intermediate analogue (CABP), water molecules, and ligands for the activator metal-ion (Andersson I, 1996, J Mol Biol 259:160-174; Taylor TC, Andersson I, 1997, J Mol Biol 265:432-444). To test structure-based postulates of catalytic functionality, His 287 was replaced with Asn or Gln. The mutants are not affected adversely in subunit assembly, activation (binding of Mg2+ and carbamylation of Lys 191), or recognition of phosphorylated ligands; they bind CABP with even greater tenacity than does wild-type enzyme. H287N and H287Q are severely impaired in catalyzing overall carboxylation (approximately 10(3)-fold and > 10(5)-fold, respectively) and enolization (each mutant below threshold for detection) of RuBP. H287N preferentially catalyzes decarboxylation of carboxylated reaction intermediate instead of forward processing to phosphoglycerate. Analysis of RuBP turnover that occurs at high concentrations of mutants over extended time periods reveal > 10-fold reduced CO2/O2 specificities, elevated misprotonation of the enediol intermediate, and misprocessing of the oxygenated intermediate of the oxygenase pathway. These results are consistent with multifaceted roles for His 287 in promoting enediol formation, enediol tautomerization, and forward-processing of carboxylated intermediate. JF - Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society AU - Harpel, M R AU - Larimer, F W AU - Hartman, F C AD - Protein Engineering Program, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-8080, USA. Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 730 EP - 738 VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 0961-8368, 0961-8368 KW - Metalloproteins KW - 0 KW - Histidine KW - 4QD397987E KW - Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase KW - EC 4.1.1.39 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Histidine -- chemistry KW - Kinetics KW - Hydrogen Bonding KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Metalloproteins -- chemistry KW - Catalysis KW - Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase -- chemistry KW - Rhodospirillum rubrum -- enzymology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79780036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Protein+science+%3A+a+publication+of+the+Protein+Society&rft.atitle=Multiple+catalytic+roles+of+His+287+of+Rhodospirillum+rubrum+ribulose+1%2C5-bisphosphate+carboxylase%2Foxygenase.&rft.au=Harpel%2C+M+R%3BLarimer%2C+F+W%3BHartman%2C+F+C&rft.aulast=Harpel&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=730&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Protein+science+%3A+a+publication+of+the+Protein+Society&rft.issn=09618368&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-05-14 N1 - Date created - 1998-05-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Mol Biol. 1990 Sep 5;215(1):113-60 [2118958] Biochemistry. 1990 Apr 3;29(13):3194-7 [2334688] J Biol Chem. 1991 Dec 25;266(36):24734-40 [1761567] Proteins. 1992 Feb;12(2):117-27 [1603801] Anal Biochem. 1993 Mar;209(2):367-74 [8470812] Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1993;67:1-75 [8322615] Protein Sci. 1993 Jul;2(7):1136-46 [8358296] Biochemistry. 1993 Sep 7;32(35):9018-24 [8369274] J Biol Chem. 1993 Dec 5;268(34):25876-86 [8245022] J Biol Chem. 1993 Dec 15;268(35):26583-91 [8253788] J Biol Chem. 1994 Mar 18;269(11):8091-8 [8132534] J Biol Chem. 1994 Apr 15;269(15):11114-20 [8157638] Biochemistry. 1994 May 10;33(18):5553-61 [8180178] Annu Rev Biochem. 1994;63:197-234 [7979237] Biochemistry. 1995 Apr 11;34(14):4531-7 [7718555] Biochemistry. 1995 Sep 5;34(35):11296-306 [7669788] J Mol Biol. 1996 May 31;259(1):160-74 [8648644] Biochemistry. 1996 Nov 5;35(44):13865-70 [8909282] J Mol Biol. 1997 Jan 31;265(4):432-44 [9034362] Biochemistry. 1997 Apr 1;36(13):4041-6 [9092835] Biochemistry. 1976 Feb 10;15(3):529-36 [3199] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463-7 [271968] Biochem J. 1978 Dec 1;175(3):909-12 [217356] Biochemistry. 1980 Mar 4;19(5):934-42 [7356969] Biochemistry. 1980 Nov 11;19(23):5321-8 [6778504] Biochemistry. 1981 Mar 3;20(5):1236-40 [6784749] Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1981 Jun 26;293(1063):131-43 [6115413] Biochemistry. 1982 Oct 26;21(22):5404-10 [6816274] Methods Enzymol. 1982;90 Pt E:522-8 [6818424] J Biol Chem. 1984 Jun 10;259(11):6783-9 [6427222] J Biol Chem. 1986 Aug 5;261(22):10087-92 [3090029] J Biol Chem. 1986 Aug 5;261(22):10248-56 [3090034] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Apr 29;152(2):579-84 [2896501] J Biol Chem. 1989 Jul 15;264(20):11784-9 [2545684] Protein Eng. 1990 Jan;3(3):227-31 [2158660] J Biol Chem. 1991 Jul 5;266(19):12604-11 [1905726] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precise measurement of the activity/composition relations of H (sub 2) O-N (sub 2) and H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) fluids at 500 degrees C, 500 bars AN - 52605647; 1998-032773 AB - Activity/composition data for H (sub 2) O-N (sub 2) fluids and H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) fluids at 500 degrees C, 500 bar are presented in two tables and two figures. Hydrogen fugacity can be measured to + or - 0.01 psia with an accuracy better than + or - 0.05 psia using an improved Shaw-type membrane. This allows water activities to be calculated to + or - 0.01 for gas-rich fluids and + or - 0.03 for water-rich fluids. Vacuum manometry can be used to measure accurately the compositions of very small fluid samples. The consistency in the experiments between samples containing different f (sub O) (sub 2) buffers, and between samples which initially contained different amounts of H (sub 2) O indicates that reaction during run-up was not a significant problem. The results indicate that H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) fluids exhibit large positive deviations from ideality at 500 degrees C, 500 bar, in contrast to values predicted by available equations of state. More accurate models for both sets of fluids are required. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Joyce, David B AU - Horita, Juske Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 815 EP - 829 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 62 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - chemical analysis KW - precision KW - pressure KW - buffers KW - fluid phase KW - temperature KW - nitrogen KW - measurement KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - activity KW - P-T conditions KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52605647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Precise+measurement+of+the+activity%2Fcomposition+relations+of+H+%28sub+2%29+O-N+%28sub+2%29+and+H+%28sub+2%29+O-CO+%28sub+2%29+fluids+at+500+degrees+C%2C+500+bars&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BBlencoe%2C+James+G%3BJoyce%2C+David+B%3BHorita%2C+Juske&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=815&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2898%2900027-1 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 73 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; activity; buffers; carbon dioxide; chemical analysis; experimental studies; fluid phase; geochemistry; hydrothermal conditions; instruments; laboratory studies; measurement; nitrogen; P-T conditions; precision; pressure; temperature; thermodynamic properties; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00027-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental risk assessment; an integral part of environmental characterization and cleanup AN - 52598664; 1998-038067 JF - The Professional Geologist AU - Steinhauff, D Mark AU - Bonczek, Richard R Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 3 EP - 8 PB - American Institute of Professional Geologists, Arvada, CO VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 0279-0521, 0279-0521 KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - concentration KW - medical geology KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - legislation KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - case studies KW - toxicity KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52598664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Professional+Geologist&rft.atitle=Environmental+risk+assessment%3B+an+integral+part+of+environmental+characterization+and+cleanup&rft.au=Steinhauff%2C+D+Mark%3BBonczek%2C+Richard+R&rft.aulast=Steinhauff&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Professional+Geologist&rft.issn=02790521&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - PFGLBS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; concentration; decision-making; decontamination; ecology; environmental analysis; ground water; hazardous waste; legislation; medical geology; pollutants; pollution; regulations; remediation; risk assessment; soils; toxicity; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ZnO solubility and Zn (super 2+) complexation by chloride and sulfate in acidic solutions to 290 degrees C with in-situ pH measurement AN - 52597843; 1998-036095 AB - Experiments are described which demonstrate that reliable data on the solubility of metal oxides and the complexation of metal ions in aqueous solutions using inert electrolyte media, such as Na trifluoromethanesulphonate can be obtained. The solubility of zincite in mildly to strongly acidic aqueous solutions at ionic strenghts of 0.03-1.0 (stoichiometric molal basis) from 50 to 290 degrees C at saturation vapour P, is shown to be reversible at 200 degrees C by addition of acidic and basic tritants, at constant ionic strength. The solubility product at infinite dilution agrees quantitatively with the thermodynamic model of Ziemniak (1992) [J. Soln. Chem., 21, 745-760]. Equilibrium constants for the Zn chloride species at infinite dilution and 200 degrees C agree with previous estimates for the dichlorozinc complex. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Benezeth, Pascale AU - Palmer, Donald A Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 971 EP - 984 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 62 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - zinc KW - complexing KW - halogens KW - aqueous solutions KW - temperature KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - chloride ion KW - oxides KW - acidic composition KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - chlorine KW - experimental studies KW - chemical analysis KW - sulfate ion KW - titration KW - solubility KW - measurement KW - zincite KW - sample preparation KW - metals KW - high temperature KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52597843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=ZnO+solubility+and+Zn+%28super+2%2B%29+complexation+by+chloride+and+sulfate+in+acidic+solutions+to+290+degrees+C+with+in-situ+pH+measurement&rft.au=Wesolowski%2C+David+J%3BBenezeth%2C+Pascale%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A&rft.aulast=Wesolowski&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=971&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2898%2900039-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; aqueous solutions; chemical analysis; chemical reactions; chloride ion; chlorine; complexing; experimental studies; geochemistry; halogens; high temperature; laboratory studies; measurement; metals; oxides; pH; phase equilibria; sample preparation; solubility; sulfate ion; temperature; thermodynamic properties; titration; zinc; zincite DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00039-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of detailed digital geologic and derivative maps to resolve the structure and stratigraphy in part of the western inner Piedmont, North Carolina AN - 52577246; 1998-053591 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bream, Brendan R AU - Hill, Joseph C AU - Hatcher, Robert D, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 5 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Mill Spring Fault KW - lineation KW - North America KW - sheath folds KW - allochthons KW - cartography KW - thrust sheets KW - structural analysis KW - Appalachians KW - mapping KW - digital cartography KW - Southern Appalachians KW - thrust faults KW - folds KW - North Carolina KW - foliation KW - tectonics KW - Piedmont KW - faults KW - tectonostratigraphic units KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52577246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Use+of+detailed+digital+geologic+and+derivative+maps+to+resolve+the+structure+and+stratigraphy+in+part+of+the+western+inner+Piedmont%2C+North+Carolina&rft.au=Bream%2C+Brendan+R%3BHill%2C+Joseph+C%3BHatcher%2C+Robert+D%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bream&rft.aufirst=Brendan&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 47th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - allochthons; Appalachians; cartography; digital cartography; faults; folds; foliation; lineation; mapping; Mill Spring Fault; North America; North Carolina; Piedmont; sheath folds; Southern Appalachians; structural analysis; tectonics; tectonostratigraphic units; thrust faults; thrust sheets; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and stratigraphy of part of the inner Piedmont near Marion, North Carolina AN - 52570930; 1998-053661 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hill, Joseph C AU - Bream, Brendan R AU - Hatcher, Robert D, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 17 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - lineation KW - orientation KW - North America KW - lithostratigraphy KW - upper Precambrian KW - Precambrian KW - Paleozoic KW - structural analysis KW - Appalachians KW - Proterozoic KW - mapping KW - correlation KW - Brevard Zone KW - lower Paleozoic KW - western North Carolina KW - folds KW - North Carolina KW - Henderson Gneiss KW - Tallulah Falls Formation KW - Piedmont KW - faults KW - tectonostratigraphic units KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52570930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Structure+and+stratigraphy+of+part+of+the+inner+Piedmont+near+Marion%2C+North+Carolina&rft.au=Hill%2C+Joseph+C%3BBream%2C+Brendan+R%3BHatcher%2C+Robert+D%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 47th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachians; Brevard Zone; correlation; faults; folds; Henderson Gneiss; lineation; lithostratigraphy; lower Paleozoic; mapping; North America; North Carolina; orientation; Paleozoic; Piedmont; Precambrian; Proterozoic; structural analysis; Tallulah Falls Formation; tectonostratigraphic units; United States; upper Precambrian; western North Carolina ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure of the Appalachian inner Piedmont AN - 52569200; 1998-053657 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hatcher, Robert D, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 17 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - orientation KW - North America KW - Middle Cambrian KW - Paleozoic KW - thrust sheets KW - structural analysis KW - Appalachians KW - mapping KW - deformation KW - Cambrian KW - dip KW - Southern Appalachians KW - thrust faults KW - Acadian KW - North Carolina KW - foliation KW - Georgia KW - Piedmont KW - faults KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52569200?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Structure+of+the+Appalachian+inner+Piedmont&rft.au=Hatcher%2C+Robert+D%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hatcher&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 47th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acadian; Appalachians; Cambrian; deformation; dip; faults; foliation; Georgia; mapping; Middle Cambrian; North America; North Carolina; orientation; Paleozoic; Piedmont; Southern Appalachians; structural analysis; thrust faults; thrust sheets; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mobilization of transuranic radionuclides from disposal trenches by natural organic matter AN - 51035878; 1998-046623 AB - Transuranic (TRU) radionuclides in groundwater at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory migrate rapidly and with little retardation of the radionuclides over distances of 80 m. Several interacting hydrogeochemical processes contribute to the observed releases of actinides ( (super 244) Cm and (super 241) Am) from the shallow unlined disposal trenches, through the highly weathered, fractured shale (saprolite) and to the surface-water seeps at White Oak Creek. Major releases are promoted when seasonal fluctuations in the water table permit groundwater to contact actinide-contaminated waste. Local recharge of stormwater into the trenches appears to permit minor releases, perhaps due to transient saturation within the trenches but above the local water table. Although the hydrogeology of the site permits contact of the TRU waste with the groundwater, the expected inorganic species of the actinides should strongly adsorb to the layer silicates and mineral oxides of the shale saprolite. Yet the timing of the actinide releases relative to when rising groundwater intercepts the trenches suggests that actinide transport is rapid, and the relative magnitude of peak actinide levels in wells near the trenches and at downgradient seeps suggests that there is very limited retention of the actinides by the formation. Based on anion exchange chromatography of the groundwater and geochemical modeling, the mobilization and transport of the actinides is demonstrated to result from complexation of the actinides by natural organic matter (NOM). Storm events contribute to mobilization by promoting hydrologic links between the TRU waste and groundwater, and by increasing the concentration of NOM in the mobile soil and groundwater. This study demonstrates that even in formations characterized by abundant mineral phases known to strongly adsorb actinides, the actinides can be transported essentially conservatively as NOM complexes. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - McCarthy, John F AU - Czerwinski, Kenneth R AU - Sanford, William E AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Marsh, J Daniel Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 49 EP - 77 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 30 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - White Oak Creek KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - organic compounds KW - fracture zones KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - metals KW - Tennessee KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - waste disposal KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51035878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Mobilization+of+transuranic+radionuclides+from+disposal+trenches+by+natural+organic+matter&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+John+F%3BCzerwinski%2C+Kenneth+R%3BSanford%2C+William+E%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BMarsh%2C+J+Daniel&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Anderson County Tennessee; fracture zones; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; isotopes; metals; monitoring; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; Roane County Tennessee; Tennessee; transport; United States; waste disposal; water quality; White Oak Creek ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of fracture truncation on dispersion; a dual permeability model AN - 51033500; 1998-046624 AB - Simulations with a dual permeability model show that a few discrete fractures can have a major influence on plume geometry. A limited number of truncated fractures (1-4) within a permeable matrix can create nearly circular plumes, with about the same degree of spreading in the direction transverse to the average hydraulic gradient as in the longitudinal direction. By comparison, continuous fractures in the direction of flow tend to produce elongated plumes, similar to those typically seen in granular materials. Both types of plumes have been observed in tracer experiments in fractured porous media on the Oak Ridge Reservation. Understanding the influence of fracture geometry is important in planning field characterization and subsequent remediation in fractured porous media. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Stafford, Paige AU - Toran, Laura AU - McKay, Larry D Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 79 EP - 100 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 30 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - dispersivity KW - anisotropic materials KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - tritium KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - fractures KW - fluid injection KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Tennessee KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - monitoring KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - aquifers KW - hydrogen KW - West Bear Creek Valley site KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - low-level waste KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51033500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Influence+of+fracture+truncation+on+dispersion%3B+a+dual+permeability+model&rft.au=Stafford%2C+Paige%3BToran%2C+Laura%3BMcKay%2C+Larry+D&rft.aulast=Stafford&rft.aufirst=Paige&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anderson County Tennessee; anisotropic materials; aquifers; contaminant plumes; dispersivity; fluid injection; fractures; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrogen; isotopes; low-level waste; mathematical models; monitoring; permeability; pollution; radioactive isotopes; Roane County Tennessee; simulation; Tennessee; tritium; United States; water quality; West Bear Creek Valley site ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reprocessing of shallow seismic reflection data to image faults near a hazardous waste site on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee AN - 50913613; 1999-060535 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Doll, William E A2 - Bell, Ronald S. A2 - Powers, Michael H. A2 - Larson, Timothy Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 705 EP - 714 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 1998 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hazardous waste KW - imagery KW - geologic hazards KW - common-depth-point method KW - geophysical methods KW - waste disposal sites KW - reflection methods KW - seismic methods KW - Bear Creek valley KW - shallow depth KW - stacking KW - Tennessee KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - faults KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50913613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Reprocessing+of+shallow+seismic+reflection+data+to+image+faults+near+a+hazardous+waste+site+on+the+Oak+Ridge+Reservation%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Doll%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Doll&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=1998&rft.issue=&rft.spage=705&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society 11th annual meeting , symposium on the Application of geophysics to environmental and engineering problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - sects. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anderson County Tennessee; Bear Creek valley; common-depth-point method; faults; geologic hazards; geophysical methods; hazardous waste; imagery; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; reflection methods; seismic methods; shallow depth; stacking; Tennessee; underground disposal; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DC resistivity monitoring of potassium permanganate injected to oxidize TCE in situ AN - 50913583; 1999-060523 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Nyquist, Jonathan E AU - Carr, Bradley J AU - Davis, R Kim A2 - Bell, Ronald S. A2 - Powers, Michael H. A2 - Larson, Timothy Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 583 EP - 591 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 1998 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Piketon Ohio KW - geophysical surveys KW - well-logging KW - Gallia Aquifer KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Pike County Ohio KW - decontamination KW - direct-current methods KW - water treatment KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - geochemistry KW - Ohio KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - crosshole methods KW - injection KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - potassium permanganate KW - resistivity KW - Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - electrical resistance tomography KW - surveys KW - nuclear facilities KW - trichloroethylene KW - field studies KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50913583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=DC+resistivity+monitoring+of+potassium+permanganate+injected+to+oxidize+TCE+in+situ&rft.au=Nyquist%2C+Jonathan+E%3BCarr%2C+Bradley+J%3BDavis%2C+R+Kim&rft.aulast=Nyquist&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=1998&rft.issue=&rft.spage=583&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society 11th annual meeting , symposium on the Application of geophysics to environmental and engineering problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; case studies; chlorinated hydrocarbons; crosshole methods; decontamination; direct-current methods; electrical methods; electrical resistance tomography; field studies; Gallia Aquifer; geochemistry; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; in situ; injection; monitoring; nuclear facilities; Ohio; optimization; organic compounds; oxidation; Pike County Ohio; Piketon Ohio; pollutants; pollution; Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant; potassium permanganate; remediation; resistivity; surveys; tomography; trichloroethylene; United States; water treatment; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iodine-129 and plutonium isotopes in Arctic kelp as historical indicators of transport of nuclear fuel-reprocessing wastes from mid-to-high latitudes in the Atlantic Ocean AN - 17242214; 4515864 AB - Iodine-129:iodine-127 ratios were determined using accelerator mass spectrometry in 34 Arctic marine algae collected between 1930 and 1993. A smaller set (5) of marine algae were also analyzed mass spectrometrically to determine plutonium-isotope ratios. The super(129) I: super(127)I ratio increased as much as three orders of magnitude from a mean of <1 x 10 super(-11) (atom/atom) in the pre-nuclear era (before 1945) to nearly 1000 x 10 super(-11) in 1993 for marine algae collected from the Novaya Zemlya archipelago separating the Barents and Kara Seas. The predominant basis for the higher ratios in the Novaya Zemlya kelps appears to be upcurrent sources of super(129) I from nuclear fuel-reprocessing facilities at Sellafield (UK) and La Hague (France). Relatively high super(241)Pu: super(239)Pu ratios (compared to observed bomb fallout at boreal latitudes, decay corrected to the date of collection) also corroborate the influence of non-fallout sources. The small size of the data set precludes determining if there are significant contributions of super(129) I and other radionuclides from Russian sources. In contrast, marine algae collected between 1969 and 1993 in the Bering, Beaufort and East Siberian Seas had much lower super(129)I: super(127) I ratios (mean =14.04 x 10 super(-11) plus or minus 3.15 SD) than those observed in the European Arctic. The narrow range of ratios in Ameriasian Arctic kelps, and the modest change over that time period, indicate that there were no major contributions of non-fallout super(129) I to North American Arctic surface waters at the time that the algae were collected. The potential for timing the transport of fuel-reprocessed super(129)I through analysis of additional archived samples is outlined. JF - Mar. Biol. AU - Cooper, L W AU - Beasley, T M AU - Zhao, X-L AU - Soto, C AU - Vinogradova, K L AU - Dunton, KH AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 391 EP - 399 VL - 131 IS - 3 SN - 0025-3162, 0025-3162 KW - Spectroscopic techniques KW - Time series KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - Radioactive pollutants KW - ANE, France, Basse-Normandie, Cap de la Hague KW - Fuels KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Aquatic plants KW - ANE, British Isles, England, Cumbria, Sellafield KW - PNE, Arctic Ocean KW - Kelps KW - Iodine isotopes KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Plutonium isotopes KW - Radioactive contamination KW - Radioisotopes KW - PNE, Russia, Novaya Zemlya KW - Laminariales KW - Pollution indicators KW - Indicator species KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17242214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mar.+Biol.&rft.atitle=Iodine-129+and+plutonium+isotopes+in+Arctic+kelp+as+historical+indicators+of+transport+of+nuclear+fuel-reprocessing+wastes+from+mid-to-high+latitudes+in+the+Atlantic+Ocean&rft.au=Cooper%2C+L+W%3BBeasley%2C+T+M%3BZhao%2C+X-L%3BSoto%2C+C%3BVinogradova%2C+K+L%3BDunton%2C+KH&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mar.+Biol.&rft.issn=00253162&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioactive pollutants; Fuels; Pollution dispersion; Aquatic plants; Radioactive wastes; Kelps; Iodine isotopes; Bioaccumulation; Radioisotopes; Radioactive contamination; Plutonium isotopes; Pollution indicators; Indicator species; Laminariales; ANE, France, Basse-Normandie, Cap de la Hague; PNE, Arctic Ocean; ANE, British Isles, England, Cumbria, Sellafield; PNE, Russia, Novaya Zemlya; Marine ER - TY - CONF T1 - Air/surface exchange of mercury vapor over forests - The need for a reassessment of continental biogenic emissions AN - 16504582; 4393405 AB - Atmospheric sources are significant in the cycling of Hg in the biosphere, but there are few reliable data on air/surface exchange of Hg in terrestrial systems. We developed a tower-based micrometeorological gradient method for measuring gas-phase Hg degree fluxes over soils and vegetation. We describe here results of the modified Bowen ratio approach from three separate flux sampling campaigns: over a mature deciduous forest at the Walker Branch Watershed in Tennessee, over a young pine plantation in Tennessee, and over the boreal forest floor at the Lake Gaardsjoen watershed in Sweden. Our data show that Hg degree exchange over these surfaces is bidirectional, but is primarily characterized by emissions from plants and soil. Dry deposition (foliar uptake) is less frequent, of generally lower magnitude, and may be enhanced by surface wetness. We measured emissions over tree canopies in Tennessee in the range of similar to 10-300 ng m super(-2) h super(-1), and over the boreal forest floor in Sweden of similar to 1-4 ng m super(-2) h super(-1). Fluxes were influenced by temperature, solar radiation, and atmospheric turbulence. The ability of trees to emit Hg from soil pools has now been established. Others have proposed a significant biotic re-emission of Hg degree from the oceans, and our data provide the first direct evidence of a similar process in terrestrial systems. These data have been combined with results from chamber studies to estimate the overall flux of gas-phase Hg degree between the atmosphere and terrestrial systems. Transpiration of Hg degree represents a previously unmeasured mobilization of Hg from the continents to the troposphere. Including this new source term could increase current estimates of so-called natural emissions by over 100%. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Lindberg, SE AU - Hanson, P J AU - Meyers, T P AU - Kim, K-H Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - Mar 1998 SP - 895 EP - 908 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 32 IS - 5 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16504582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Air%2Fsurface+exchange+of+mercury+vapor+over+forests+-+The+need+for+a+reassessment+of+continental+biogenic+emissions&rft.au=Lindberg%2C+SE%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BMeyers%2C+T+P%3BKim%2C+K-H&rft.aulast=Lindberg&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=895&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Statistical assessment of model goodness-of-fit using permutation tests AN - 16390683; 4307342 AB - Assessing model goodness-of-fit (GOF) to observed data is critical for establishing model credibility and confidence. We propose a new GOF approach based on permutation statistics. The approach is described for a simple, hypothetical example and demonstrated by comparing predictions of winter flounder length distributions from a population model to observed data from the Niantic River. Analyses of three different GOF measures, designed to evaluate the mean, S.D., and distribution of winter flounder lengths, showed that predicted mean lengths were indistinguishable from observed values while predicted S.D. and distributions differed significantly. Two other commonly used GOF approaches (regression and the Reynolds et al. (1981) approach of combining separate statistical tests) were also applied to the winter flounder example to illustrate the their relationship to permutation tests. The advantages of the permutation approach, and possible extensions to handle multiple predicted values, are discussed. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Rose, KA AU - Smith, E P AD - Environmental Sciences Division, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, ikr@ornl.Gov Y1 - 1998/03/01/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Mar 01 SP - 129 EP - 139 VL - 106 IS - 2-3 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16390683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Statistical+assessment+of+model+goodness-of-fit+using+permutation+tests&rft.au=Rose%2C+KA%3BSmith%2C+E+P&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=KA&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reversible folding of Ada protein (O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase) of Escherichia coli. AN - 79703859; 9484244 AB - The multifunctional 39 kDa Escherichia coli Ada protein (O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase) (EC 2.1.1.63), product of the ada gene, is a monomeric globular polypeptide with two distinct alkylacceptor activities located in two domains. The two domains are of nearly equal size and are connected by a hinge region. The Ada protein accepts stoichiometrically the alkyl group from O6-alkylguanine in DNA at the Cys-321 residue and from alkyl phosphotriester at the Cys-69 residue. This protein functions in DNA repair by direct dealkylation of mutagenic O6-alkylguanine. The protein methylated at Cys-69 becomes a transcriptional activator of the genes in the ada regulon, including its own. Each of the two domains functions independently as an alkyl acceptor. The purified homogeneous protein is unstable at 37 degrees C and spontaneously loses about 30% of its secondary structure in less than 30 min concomitant with a complete loss of activity. However, sedimentation equilibrium studies indicated that the inactive protein remains in the monomeric form without aggregation. Furthermore, electrospray mass spectroscopic analysis indicated the absence of oxidation of the inactive protein. This temperature-dependent inactivation of the Ada protein is inhibited by DNA. In the presence of increasing concentrations of urea or guanidine, the protein gradually loses more than 80% of its structure. The two alkyl acceptor activities appear to be differentially sensitive to unfolding and the phosphotriester methyltransferase activity is resistant to 7 M urea. The partial or complete unfolding induced by urea or guanidine is completely reversed within seconds by removal of the denaturant. The heat-coagulated protein can also be restored to full activity by cycling it through treatment with 8 M urea or 6 M guanidine. These results suggest that the nascent or unfolded Ada polypeptide folds to a metastable form which is active and that the thermodynamically stable structure is partially unfolded and inactive. JF - Biochemistry AU - Bhattacharyya, D AU - Hazra, T K AU - Behnke, W D AU - Chong, P L AU - Kurosky, A AU - Lee, J C AU - Mitra, S AD - University of Tennessee Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831, USA. Y1 - 1998/02/10/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Feb 10 SP - 1722 EP - 1730 VL - 37 IS - 6 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Escherichia coli Proteins KW - Transcription Factors KW - Ada protein, E coli KW - EC 2.1.1.63 KW - O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Centrifugation, Density Gradient KW - Protein Structure, Secondary KW - Enzyme Activation KW - Kinetics KW - Enzyme Stability KW - Protein Denaturation KW - Circular Dichroism KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Bacterial Proteins -- chemistry KW - O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase -- metabolism KW - O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase -- chemistry KW - Bacterial Proteins -- metabolism KW - Protein Folding KW - Escherichia coli -- enzymology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79703859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Reversible+folding+of+Ada+protein+%28O6-methylguanine-DNA+methyltransferase%29+of+Escherichia+coli.&rft.au=Bhattacharyya%2C+D%3BHazra%2C+T+K%3BBehnke%2C+W+D%3BChong%2C+P+L%3BKurosky%2C+A%3BLee%2C+J+C%3BMitra%2C+S&rft.aulast=Bhattacharyya&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-02-10&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1722&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-03-11 N1 - Date created - 1998-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in Quaternary soil carbonates as indicators of ecogeomorphic changes in the northern Chihuahuan Desert, USA AN - 52610342; 1998-027876 AB - Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in soil carbonates provide an additional technique for investigating Quaternary ecogeomorphic changes in arid and semiarid regions. This study presents delta (super 13) C and delta (super 18) O values in surface and buried soils in a Basin and Range region of southern New Mexico and west Texas. Three landform categories were investigated for their isotopic content: (1) middle piedmont slopes; (2) a lower piedmont slope and adjacent playa depressions; and (3) an intermontane basin floor. Soils of the middle piedmont slopes had greatest delta (super 13) C variability, ranging from -0.6 per mil in buried soils to -11.1 per mil (PDB) in surface soils. Soils of the basin floor had greatest variability in delta (super 18) O values, ranging from -0.6 per mil to -7.6 per mil (PDB). Fossil pollen patterns roughly paralleled delta (super 13) C shifts, with Cheno-Am pollen exhibiting greatest changes. Both isotope and pollen data across stratigraphic discontinuities suggest that a conversion from C (sub 4) grasses to C (sub 3) desert shrubs accompanied Holocene erosion. JF - Geoderma AU - Monger, H C AU - Cole, D R AU - Gish, J W AU - Giordano, T H A2 - Nordt, L. C. A2 - Kelly, Eugene F. A2 - Boutton, Thomas W. A2 - Chadwick, Oliver A. Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - February 1998 SP - 137 EP - 172 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 82 IS - 1-3 SN - 0016-7061, 0016-7061 KW - United States KW - eolian features KW - terrestrial environment KW - oxygen KW - Basin and Range Province KW - isotopes KW - slopes KW - semi-arid environment KW - Dona Ana County New Mexico KW - New Mexico KW - vegetation KW - paleoclimatology KW - stable isotopes KW - deserts KW - paleoecology KW - Chihuahuan Desert KW - piedmonts KW - Cenozoic KW - pollen KW - carbon KW - miospores KW - paleosols KW - ecology KW - horizons KW - Rio Grande Valley KW - pollen analysis KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - North America KW - pedogenesis KW - southern New Mexico KW - Quaternary KW - Otero County New Mexico KW - isotope ratios KW - arid environment KW - landform evolution KW - C-13/C-12 KW - West Texas KW - Texas KW - O-18/O-16 KW - allostratigraphy KW - palynomorphs KW - Fort Bliss Military Reservation KW - carbonates KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52610342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoderma&rft.atitle=Stable+carbon+and+oxygen+isotopes+in+Quaternary+soil+carbonates+as+indicators+of+ecogeomorphic+changes+in+the+northern+Chihuahuan+Desert%2C+USA&rft.au=Monger%2C+H+C%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BGish%2C+J+W%3BGiordano%2C+T+H&rft.aulast=Monger&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoderma&rft.issn=00167061&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167061 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 89 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diag., 2 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEDMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - allostratigraphy; arid environment; Basin and Range Province; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbonates; Cenozoic; Chihuahuan Desert; deserts; Dona Ana County New Mexico; ecology; eolian features; Fort Bliss Military Reservation; geochemistry; horizons; isotope ratios; isotopes; landform evolution; miospores; New Mexico; North America; O-18/O-16; Otero County New Mexico; oxygen; paleoclimatology; paleoecology; paleosols; palynomorphs; pedogenesis; piedmonts; pollen; pollen analysis; Quaternary; Rio Grande Valley; semi-arid environment; slopes; soils; southern New Mexico; stable isotopes; terrestrial environment; Texas; United States; vegetation; West Texas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of carbonate lixiviants to remove uranium from uranium-contaminated soils AN - 52604916; 1998-035995 JF - Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry AU - Francis, C W AU - Timpson, M E AU - Lee, S Y AU - Elless, M P AU - Wilson, J H Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - February 1998 SP - 15 EP - 20 PB - Elsevier, Lausanne-Budapest VL - 228 IS - 1-2 SN - 1417-2097, 1417-2097 KW - United States KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - Fernald Nuclear Facility KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - decontamination KW - metals KW - incineration KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52604916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+use+of+carbonate+lixiviants+to+remove+uranium+from+uranium-contaminated+soils&rft.au=Francis%2C+C+W%3BTimpson%2C+M+E%3BLee%2C+S+Y%3BElless%2C+M+P%3BWilson%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Francis&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=228&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.issn=14172097&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 7th international conference on the Separation of ionic solutes N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; decontamination; degradation; effluents; experimental studies; Fernald Nuclear Facility; incineration; metals; migration of elements; Ohio; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; remediation; soils; United States; uranium; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Safety analysis report for the gunite and associated tanks project remediation of the South Tank Farm, facility 3507, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee AN - 52282448; 2001-001126 AB - The South Tank Farm (STF) is a series of six, 170,000-gal underground, domed storage tanks, which were placed into service in 1943. The tanks were constructed of a concrete mixture known as gunite. They were used as a portion of the Liquid Low-Level Waste System for the collection, neutralization, storage, and transfer of the aqueous portion of the radioactive and/or hazardous chemical wastes produced as part of normal facility operations at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The last of the tanks was taken out of service in 1986, but the tanks have been shown by structural analysis to continue to be structurally sound. Since removal of the liquid waste in 1983, liquid continues to accumulate within the tanks. The in-leakage is believed to be the result of groundwater dripping into the tanks around penetrations in the domes. The tanks are currently being maintained under a Surveillance and Maintenance Program that includes activities such as level monitoring, vegetation control, High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter leakage requirement testing/replacement, sign erection/repair, pump-out of excessive liquids, and instrument calibration/maintenance. JF - Safety analysis report for the gunite and associated tanks project remediation of the South Tank Farm, facility 3507, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee AU - Platfoot, J H Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - February 1998 SP - 226 VL - ORNL/ER-403 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - monitoring KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - safety KW - liquid waste KW - underground installations KW - Tennessee KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52282448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Platfoot%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Platfoot&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Safety+analysis+report+for+the+gunite+and+associated+tanks+project+remediation+of+the+South+Tank+Farm%2C+facility+3507%2C+Oak+Ridge+National+Laboratory%2C+Oak+Ridge%2C+Tennessee&rft.title=Safety+analysis+report+for+the+gunite+and+associated+tanks+project+remediation+of+the+South+Tank+Farm%2C+facility+3507%2C+Oak+Ridge+National+Laboratory%2C+Oak+Ridge%2C+Tennessee&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE98004096NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC05-84OR21400 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The hydrolysis of di-isopropyl methylphosphonate in ground water AN - 16535915; 4315408 AB - The half-life of di-isopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP) in ground water at 10 degree C was estimated to be 500 years with a 95% confidence interval of 447 to 559 years from measurements of the hydrolysis rates at four temperatures ranging between 70 and 98 degree C. First-order kinetics were assumed, and the Arrhenius equation was used to extrapolate the hydrolysis rates to the normal temperature of ground water, 10 degree C. The half-life calculated at this temperature for ASTM Type II water was estimated to be 684 years with a 95% confidence interval of 470 to 995 years, in agreement with a previously published study. The major hydrolysis products detected were isopropyl methylphosphonic acid and methylphosphonic acid. After heating samples for 43 days at 90 degree C, the molar accounting of the remaining DIMP and its detected hydrolysis products was 15% of the starting material. Inorganic phosphate was not detected. The very slow rate of DIMP hydrolysis in ground water suggests that the unidentified products are not likely to accumulate to any significant extent. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering AU - Sega, G A AU - Tomkins, BA AU - Griest, W H AU - Bayne, C K AD - Computer Science and Math. Div., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 213 EP - 236 VL - A33 IS - 2 SN - 1093-4529, 1093-4529 KW - di-isopropyl methylphosphonate KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Temperature KW - Hydrolysis KW - Hazardous materials KW - Kinetics KW - Water pollution treatment KW - Pollutant persistence KW - Groundwater pollution KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16535915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Toxic%2FHazardous+Substances+%26+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=The+hydrolysis+of+di-isopropyl+methylphosphonate+in+ground+water&rft.au=Sega%2C+G+A%3BTomkins%2C+BA%3BGriest%2C+W+H%3BBayne%2C+C+K&rft.aulast=Sega&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=A33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Toxic%2FHazardous+Substances+%26+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=10934529&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazardous materials; Water pollution treatment; Kinetics; Pollutant persistence; Temperature; Groundwater pollution; Hydrolysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating smallmouth bass reproductive success in reservoirs subject to water level fluctuations AN - 16428478; 4333419 AB - An individual-based model of nesting smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieu, is used to predict the effects of water level fluctuations on reproductive success. The model simulates daily nest site selection, spawning, nest guarding, and development and survival of eggs, embryos, and larvae until dispersal. The model was configured for Brownlee Reservoir, Idaho-Oregon. Each reservoir bank is represented as a rectangular grid of cells, with each cell characterized by an assigned slope, substrate, and elevation, and by a water depth that varied daily. Nest site (cell) selection is determined from a habitat suitability index (HSI) based on substrate, slope, and depth. Development of young is temperature-dependent. Mortality of young occurs via attrition, abandonment by the guarding male, and probabilistic whole-nest catastrophe. Simulations were performed that used observed data for 1991 to 1996. Model predicted nest habitat selection and egg-to-dispersal survival rates were similar to observed values. Additional model simulations showed that: (1) nest habitat selection was best predicted when depth, slope, and substrate were considered together rather than singly, (2) egg-to-dispersal survival was related to the magnitude of water level fluctuations during the peak spawning period, (3) relating mortality to HSI values resulted in lower survival, while relating growth to HSI values resulted in higher survival, and (4) spawning habitat is not limiting in Brownlee Reservoir. Suggestions for future monitoring of reservoir-based smallmouth bass populations are discussed. JF - Environmental Biology of Fishes AU - Clark, ME AU - Rose, KA AU - Chandler, JA AU - Richter, T J AU - Orth, D J AU - Van Winkle, W AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, meclark@iastate.edu Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 161 EP - 174 VL - 51 IS - 2 SN - 0378-1909, 0378-1909 KW - Smallmouth bass KW - USA KW - USA, Idaho, Brownlee Reservoir KW - USA, Oregon, Brownlee Reservoir KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - D 04668:Fish KW - Y 25425:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16428478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.atitle=Simulating+smallmouth+bass+reproductive+success+in+reservoirs+subject+to+water+level+fluctuations&rft.au=Clark%2C+ME%3BRose%2C+KA%3BChandler%2C+JA%3BRichter%2C+T+J%3BOrth%2C+D+J%3BVan+Winkle%2C+W&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.issn=03781909&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global change: A question of litter quality AN - 787345408; 13740529 AB - Abstract not available. JF - Nature AU - Norby, Richard J AU - Cotrufo, MFrancesca AD - Richard J. Norby is in the Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA., rjn@ornl.gov PY - 1998 SP - 17 EP - 18 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 396 IS - 6706 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Litter KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/787345408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Global+change%3A+A+question+of+litter+quality&rft.au=Norby%2C+Richard+J%3BCotrufo%2C+MFrancesca&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1998-01-05&rft.volume=396&rft.issue=6706&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2F23812 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Litter DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/23812 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic contaminant detection and biodegradation characteristics. AN - 80024622; 9680626 JF - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) AU - Burlage, R S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 259 EP - 268 VL - 102 SN - 1064-3745, 1064-3745 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Luciferases KW - EC 1.13.12.- KW - alkanol monooxygenase (FMN-linked) KW - EC 1.14.14.3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- genetics KW - Genes, Bacterial KW - Plasmids -- genetics KW - Genes, Reporter KW - Gene Expression KW - Bacteria -- drug effects KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Artificial Gene Fusion KW - Luciferases -- genetics KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Biosensing Techniques KW - Environmental Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Organic Chemicals -- metabolism KW - Luminescent Measurements KW - Organic Chemicals -- toxicity KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80024622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Methods+in+molecular+biology+%28Clifton%2C+N.J.%29&rft.atitle=Organic+contaminant+detection+and+biodegradation+characteristics.&rft.au=Burlage%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Burlage&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Methods+in+molecular+biology+%28Clifton%2C+N.J.%29&rft.issn=10643745&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-10-09 N1 - Date created - 1998-10-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical warfare agents: estimating oral reference doses. AN - 79888495; 9597943 AB - Health risk assessments for sites contaminated with chemical warfare agents require a comparison of the potential levels of exposure with a characterization of the toxic potency of each chemical. For noncancer health effects, toxic potency is expressed in terms of Reference Doses (RfD). A RfD is a daily exposure level or dose (usually expressed in units of milligrams of chemical per kilogram body weight per day) for the human population, including sensitive subpopulations, that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects. A daily exposure at or below the RfD is not likely to be associated with health risks, but as the amount of chemical that an individual is exposed to increases above the RfD, the probability that an adverse effect will occur also increases. A RfD is derived by first examining the available human or animal toxicity data to identify a dose or exposure that corresponds to a no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) or a lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL). The NOAEL is the exposure level at which there are no statistically or biologically significant increases in frequency or severity of adverse effects between the exposed population and its appropriate control. Effects may be produced at this level, but they are not considered to be adverse if they do not result in functional impairment or pathological lesions that affect the performance of the whole organism or which reduce an organism's ability to cope with additional challenge. The LOAEL is the lowest exposure level at which there are statistically or biologically significant increases in frequency or severity of adverse effects between the exposed population and its appropriate control. If only a LOAEL is identified by the toxicity data, a NOAEL is estimated by dividing the LOAEL by a factor no greater than 10. This extrapolation factor of 10 or less is termed the LOAEL-to-NOAEL Uncertainty Factor (UFL). The NOAEL is also adjusted by the application of other Uncertainty Factors, including (1) a UFH < or = 10 to ensure that the resulting RfD protects segments of the human population that may be more sensitive to the chemical than the average person; (2) a UFA < or = 10 to extrapolate from the experimental animal species to humans; (3) a UFS < or = 10 to extrapolate from an experimental subchronic exposure study to a potential chronic exposure; and (4) a UFD < or = 10 to ensure that the resulting RfD is protective for all possible adverse effects, particularly those that may not have been adequately evaluated in the available studies. A Modifying Factor (MF), based on a qualitative professional assessment of the data, may also be used to account for other factors (e.g., deficiencies in the critical study) that are not adequately covered by the standard Uncertainty Factors. 1. Agent HD (Sulfur Mustard). RfDe = 7 x 10(-6) mg kg-1 d-1. A LOAEL was identified in a two-generation reproductive toxicity study conducted in rats. A total uncertainty factor of 3000 was applied to account for protection of sensitive subpopulations (10), animal-to-human extrapolation (10), LOAEL-to-NOAEL extrapolation (3), and extrapolation from a subchronic to chronic exposure (10). A LOAEL-to-NOAEL UF of 3, instead of the default value of 10, was used because the critical effect (stomach lesions) was considered to be "mild" in severity and may have been enhanced by the vehicle used (sesame oil in which sulfur mustard is fully soluble) and the route of administration (gavage), which is more likely to result in localized irritant effects. The key study did identify a toxic effect that is consistent with the vesicant properties of sulfur mustard. In none of the other available studies was there any indication of a different effect occurring at a lower exposure level. JF - Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Opresko, D M AU - Young, R A AU - Faust, R A AU - Talmage, S S AU - Watson, A P AU - Ross, R H AU - Davidson, K A AU - King, J AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831, USA. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 1 EP - 183 VL - 156 SN - 0179-5953, 0179-5953 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Arsenicals KW - Chemical Warfare Agents KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - Cyanides KW - Hazardous Waste KW - Mustard Compounds KW - lewisite KW - 0N54LGU5WS KW - Mechlorethamine KW - 50D9XSG0VR KW - cyanogen chloride KW - 697I61NSA0 KW - Mustard Gas KW - T8KEC9FH9P KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- poisoning KW - Humans KW - Mechlorethamine -- poisoning KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Risk Assessment KW - Mustard Gas -- poisoning KW - Rats KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Mechlorethamine -- toxicity KW - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level KW - Mustard Gas -- toxicity KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- poisoning KW - Arsenic Poisoning KW - Mustard Compounds -- toxicity KW - Mustard Compounds -- poisoning KW - Cyanides -- poisoning KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- chemistry KW - Cyanides -- toxicity KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79888495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Chemical+warfare+agents%3A+estimating+oral+reference+doses.&rft.au=Opresko%2C+D+M%3BYoung%2C+R+A%3BFaust%2C+R+A%3BTalmage%2C+S+S%3BWatson%2C+A+P%3BRoss%2C+R+H%3BDavidson%2C+K+A%3BKing%2C+J&rft.aulast=Opresko&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=156&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=01795953&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-06-11 N1 - Date created - 1998-06-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Oak Ridge legacy: the specific locus test and its role in mouse mutagenesis. AN - 79691925; 9475716 JF - Genetics AU - Davis, A P AU - Justice, M J AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-8080, USA. Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - January 1998 SP - 7 EP - 12 VL - 148 IS - 1 SN - 0016-6731, 0016-6731 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Ethylnitrosourea KW - P8M1T4190R KW - Index Medicus KW - History of medicine KW - Russell KW - Animals KW - History, 20th Century KW - Radiation Genetics -- history KW - Mice KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- history KW - Mutagenesis KW - Mice, Knockout -- genetics KW - Gene Targeting -- history UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79691925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genetics&rft.atitle=An+Oak+Ridge+legacy%3A+the+specific+locus+test+and+its+role+in+mouse+mutagenesis.&rft.au=Davis%2C+A+P%3BJustice%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=148&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genetics&rft.issn=00166731&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-03-31 N1 - Date created - 1998-03-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Genet Res. 1966 Feb;7(1):12-7 [5906488] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jul 3;92(14):6394-8 [7604002] Mutat Res. 1979 Feb;59(2):245-56 [440322] Nature. 1995 Dec 14;378(6558):720-4 [7501018] Nat Genet. 1996 Mar;12(3):260-5 [8589716] Nature. 1996 Sep 19;383(6597):250-3 [8805699] Genetics. 1996 Jul;143(3):1051-6 [8807280] J Clin Invest. 1995 Oct;96(4):2051-64 [7560099] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Nov 12;93(23):13072-7 [8917546] Nat Genet. 1997 Mar;15(3):285-8 [9054943] Cell. 1997 May 16;89(4):641-53 [9160755] Cell. 1997 May 16;89(4):655-67 [9160756] Genetics. 1997 Jul;146(3):1049-60 [9215907] Science. 1958 Dec 19;128(3338):1546-50 [13615306] Science. 1961 Jun 9;133(3467):1795-803 [13744853] Nature. 1961 Apr 22;190:372-3 [13764598] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Nov;76(11):5818-9 [293686] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 May;78(5):3138-41 [6942421] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Jun;79(11):3589-91 [6954505] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Jun;79(11):3592-3 [6954506] Genetics. 1983 Sep;105(1):157-67 [6618166] Genetics. 1984 Oct;108(2):457-70 [6500258] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Oct;82(19):6619-21 [3863118] Genet Res. 1986 Apr;47(2):135-42 [3710160] Genet Res. 1986 Jun;47(3):187-92 [3744044] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(1):180-4 [3422415] Genet Res. 1988 Apr;51(2):95-102 [3410318] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1989;14 Suppl 16:16-22 [2659326] Science. 1989 Jun 16;244(4910):1288-92 [2660260] Science. 1990 Jan 19;247(4940):322-4 [2296722] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Feb;87(3):896-900 [2300582] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Mar;87(5):1965-7 [2308957] Genetics. 1993 Aug;134(4):1205-10 [8375656] Science. 1994 Apr 29;264(5159):719-25 [8171325] Cell. 1994 Dec 16;79(6):1025-34 [8001130] Mutat Res. 1971 Jan;11(1):107-23 [5556347] N1 - People - Russell N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Russell ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discovery of numerous clusters of spontaneous mutations in the specific-locus test in mice necessitates major increases in estimates of doubling doses. AN - 73861309; 9720295 AB - Both the precision with which mutations can be quickly identified and the extensive application of the method make results from specific-locus experiments in mice especially important for estimating the doubling dose, which is the radiation exposure that induces a mutation frequency equal to the total spontaneous mutation frequency per generation. Because of gonadal mosaicism and the mechanism by which it occurs, the frequency with which new spontaneous mutations occur per generation is much higher than has been thought. While it will be some time before many of the newly-apparent uncertainties related to understanding this phenomenon can be resolved, consideration of what is known suggests that it would already be reasonable to raise the doubling dose from 1 to 5 Gy for low-dose-rate exposures to X and gamma radiation. Doing so would reduce risk estimates made by the doubling-dose method fivefold. Because the doubling dose for chemical mutagens is also calculated by division of the total spontaneous mutation frequency per generation by the induced mutation frequency per unit of chemical exposure, hereditary risks for chemicals have also been considerably overestimated if they are based on specific-locus data. JF - Genetica AU - Selby, P B AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37830-6480, USA. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 463 EP - 487 VL - 102-103 IS - 1-6 SN - 0016-6707, 0016-6707 KW - Index Medicus KW - Software KW - Animals KW - Gamma Rays KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Humans KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Genomic Imprinting KW - X-Rays KW - Genes, Dominant KW - Mosaicism KW - Risk Factors KW - Cluster Analysis KW - Female KW - Male KW - Computer Simulation KW - Models, Genetic KW - Mice -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Chromosome Mapping KW - Mutagenesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73861309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genetica&rft.atitle=Discovery+of+numerous+clusters+of+spontaneous+mutations+in+the+specific-locus+test+in+mice+necessitates+major+increases+in+estimates+of+doubling+doses.&rft.au=Selby%2C+P+B&rft.aulast=Selby&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=102-103&rft.issue=1-6&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genetica&rft.issn=00166707&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-10-02 N1 - Date created - 1998-10-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deep weathering of calcareous sedimentary rock and the redistribution of iron and manganese in soil and saprolite AN - 52613211; 1998-029733 JF - Soil Science AU - Phillips, D H AU - Ammons, J T AU - Lee, S Y AU - Lietzke, D A Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - January 1998 SP - 71 EP - 81 PB - Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore, MD VL - 163 IS - 1 SN - 0038-075X, 0038-075X KW - United States KW - limestone KW - iron oxides KW - Ultisols KW - Appalachians KW - manganese KW - iron KW - cores KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - lanthanum KW - topography KW - sedimentary rocks KW - weathered materials KW - Tennessee KW - manganese oxides KW - oxides KW - rare earths KW - Valley and Ridge Province KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - North America KW - pedogenesis KW - soil profiles KW - bulk density KW - Melton Valley KW - shale KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - saprolite KW - calcareous composition KW - Inceptisols KW - metals KW - soil surveys KW - parent materials KW - surveys KW - carbonate rocks KW - clastic rocks KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52613211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science&rft.atitle=Deep+weathering+of+calcareous+sedimentary+rock+and+the+redistribution+of+iron+and+manganese+in+soil+and+saprolite&rft.au=Phillips%2C+D+H%3BAmmons%2C+J+T%3BLee%2C+S+Y%3BLietzke%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=163&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science&rft.issn=0038075X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.soilsci.com LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SOSCAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachians; bulk density; calcareous composition; carbonate rocks; clastic rocks; cores; Inceptisols; iron; iron oxides; lanthanum; limestone; manganese; manganese oxides; Melton Valley; metals; North America; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; oxides; parent materials; pedogenesis; porosity; rare earths; Roane County Tennessee; saprolite; sedimentary rocks; shale; soil profiles; soil surveys; soils; surveys; Tennessee; topography; Ultisols; United States; Valley and Ridge Province; weathered materials; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rate and extent of cobalt sorption to representative aquifer minerals in the presence of a moderately strong organic ligand AN - 52610326; 1998-032126 AB - Co sorption was investigated in terms of T, citrate agents and absorbent mineralogy using batch reactors and pH 7 artificial groundwater. The kinetic sorption data were described by two simultaneous second-order equations. Decreasing T or the presence of citrate slowed the approach to equilibrium for Co sorption to uncoated silica sand. For silica sand coated with amorphous Fe (III) oxide, increasing T or the presence of citrate sped up the approach to equilibrium. A generalized two-layer surface complexation model described the equilibrium adsorption isotherms. Citrate decreased the extent of Co sorption to uncoated silica but increased the extent of sorption to the Fe-coated silica. It is suggested that citrate decreased the rate and extent of adsorption to the uncoated silica through the formation of a stable anionic aqueous complext that has a lower affinity for the surface than Co (super 2+) whereas the higher anion sorption capacity of the Fe-coated silica increased the rate and extent of Co sorption with citrate present, presumably through the formation of an organo-metallic ternary surface complex. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Herman, Janet S Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - January 1998 SP - 77 EP - 88 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - solute transport KW - sorption KW - cobalt KW - complexing KW - rates KW - hydrochemistry KW - iron KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - ferric iron KW - organic compounds KW - ligands KW - metals KW - cobalt ion KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - minerals KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52610326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Rate+and+extent+of+cobalt+sorption+to+representative+aquifer+minerals+in+the+presence+of+a+moderately+strong+organic+ligand&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Scott+C%3BHerman%2C+Janet+S&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0883-2927%2897%2900059-0 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; cobalt; cobalt ion; complexing; ferric iron; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; iron; kinetics; ligands; metals; minerals; models; organic compounds; rates; solute transport; sorption; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(97)00059-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of drainage basin topography and elevation on carbon dioxide and methane supersaturation of stream water AN - 52571869; 1998-055030 AB - The partial pressures of CO (sub 2) (pCO (sub 2) ) and CH (sub 4) (pCH (sub 4) ) in streams are not only governed by instream processes, but also by transformations occurring in soil and groundwater ecosystems. As such, stream water pCO (sub 2) and pCH (sub 4) can provide a tool to assess ecosystem respiration and anaerobic metabolism throughout drainage basins. We conducted three surveys sampling the gas content of streams in eastern Tennessee and western North Carolina to assess factors regulating ecosystem metabolism in catchments with contrasting geomorphologies, elevations and soil organic matter storage. In our first survey, the influence of drainage basin geomorphology on ecosystem respiration was examined by sampling streams draining catchments underlain by either shale or dolomite. Geomorphology is influenced by geology with shale catchments having shallower soils, broader, unconstrained valley floors compared with dolomite catchments, pCO (sub 2) varied little between catchment types but increased from an average of 3340 ppmv in spring to 9927 ppmv in summer or 9.3 and 28 times atmospheric equilibrium (pCO (sub 2(equilib)) , respectively. In contrast, pCH4 was over twice as high in streams draining shale catchments (306 ppmv; pCH (sub 4(equilib)) = 116) compared with more steeply incised dolomite basins (130 ppmv; pCH (sub 4(equilib)) = 51). Using the ratio of pCH (sub 4) :pCO (sub 2) as an index of anaerobic metabolism, shale catchments had nearly twice as much anaerobiosis (pCH (sub 4) :pCO (sub 2) = 0.046) than dolomite drainages (pCH (sub 4) :pCO (sub 2) = 0.024). In our second survey, streams were sampled along an elevational gradient (525 to 1700 m) in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA where soil organic matter storage increases with elevation. pCO2 did not vary between streams but increased from 5340 ppmv (pcO (sub 2(equilib)) = 15) to 8565 ppmv (pCO (sub 2(equilib)) = 24) from spring to summer, respectively. During spring pCH (sub 4) was low and constant across streams, but during summer increased with elevation ranging from 17 to 2068 ppmv (pCH (sub 4(equilib)) = 10 to 1216). The contribution of anaerobiosis to total respiration was constant during spring (pCH (sub 4) :pCO (sub 2) = 0.017) but during summer increased with elevation from 0.002 at 524 m to 0.289 at 1286 m. In our last survey, we examined how pCO (sub 2) and pCH (sub 4) changed with catchment size along two rivers (ca. 60 km stretches in both rivers corresponding to increases in basin size from 1.7-477 km (super 2) and 2.5-275 km (super 2) ). pCO (sub 2) and pCH (sub 4) showed opposite trends, with pCO (sub 2) decreasing ca. 50% along the rivers, whereas pCH (sub 4) roughly doubled in concentration downstream. These opposing shifts resulted in a nearly five-fold increase of pCH (sub 4) :pCO (sub 2) along the rivers from a low of 0.012 in headwaters to a high of 0.266 65-km downstream. pCO (sub 2) likely declines moving downstream as groundwater influences on stream chemistry decreases, whereas pCH (sub 4) may increase as the prevalence of anoxia in rivers expands due to finer-grained sediments and reduced hydrologic exchange with oxygenated surface water. JF - Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) AU - Jones, J B, Jr AU - Mulholland, P J Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 57 EP - 72 PB - Nijhoff/Junk, Dordrecht-Boston-Lancaster VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - United States KW - respiration KW - altitude KW - eastern Tennessee KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ecosystems KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - dolomite KW - topography KW - sedimentary rocks KW - sampling KW - Tennessee KW - drainage basins KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - North America KW - methane KW - pressure KW - shale KW - metabolism KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - alkanes KW - hydrochemistry KW - organic compounds KW - supersaturation KW - western North Carolina KW - partial pressure KW - North Carolina KW - hydrocarbons KW - streams KW - clastic rocks KW - carbonates KW - storage KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52571869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.atitle=Influence+of+drainage+basin+topography+and+elevation+on+carbon+dioxide+and+methane+supersaturation+of+stream+water&rft.au=Jones%2C+J+B%2C+Jr%3BMulholland%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100244/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from PASCAL, Institute de l'Information Scientifique et Technique, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; altitude; carbon dioxide; carbonates; clastic rocks; dolomite; drainage basins; eastern Tennessee; ecosystems; geochemistry; ground water; hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; metabolism; methane; North America; North Carolina; organic compounds; partial pressure; pressure; respiration; sampling; sedimentary rocks; shale; soils; statistical analysis; storage; streams; supersaturation; surface water; Tennessee; topography; United States; western North Carolina ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled transport of PAH and surfactants in natural aquifer material AN - 52555552; 1998-068561 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Danzer, J AU - Grathwohl, P A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 237 EP - 243 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - liquid phase KW - concentration KW - desorption KW - physicochemical properties KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - partitioning KW - phenanthrene KW - organic compounds KW - alluvium aquifers KW - transport KW - isotherms KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - chemical properties KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - geochemistry KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52555552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Coupled+transport+of+PAH+and+surfactants+in+natural+aquifer+material&rft.au=Danzer%2C+J%3BGrathwohl%2C+P&rft.aulast=Danzer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium aquifers; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; chemical properties; concentration; desorption; geochemistry; ground water; hydrocarbons; isotherms; liquid phase; mathematical models; organic compounds; partitioning; phenanthrene; physicochemical properties; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; porous materials; surfactants; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Partitioning studies of anthracene on silica in the presence of a cationic surfactant; dependency on pH and ionic strength AN - 52555202; 1998-068560 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Behrends, T AU - Herrmann, R A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 229 EP - 235 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - anthracene KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - adsorption KW - solubility KW - partitioning KW - organic compounds KW - isotherms KW - silica KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - adsolubilization KW - geochemistry KW - saline composition KW - pH KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52555202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Partitioning+studies+of+anthracene+on+silica+in+the+presence+of+a+cationic+surfactant%3B+dependency+on+pH+and+ionic+strength&rft.au=Behrends%2C+T%3BHerrmann%2C+R&rft.aulast=Behrends&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsolubilization; adsorption; anthracene; aromatic hydrocarbons; concentration; geochemistry; hydrocarbons; isotherms; organic compounds; partitioning; pH; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; porous materials; saline composition; silica; solubility; surfactants; toxic materials; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling surfactant influenced PAH migration AN - 52555077; 1998-068562 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Finkel, M AU - Liedl, R AU - Teutsch, G A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 245 EP - 250 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - sorption KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - migration of elements KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - theoretical models KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - mobility KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52555077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Modelling+surfactant+influenced+PAH+migration&rft.au=Finkel%2C+M%3BLiedl%2C+R%3BTeutsch%2C+G&rft.aulast=Finkel&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; concentration; geochemistry; ground water; hydrocarbons; kinetics; mathematical models; migration of elements; mobility; organic compounds; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; porous materials; solutes; sorption; surfactants; theoretical models; transport; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of DOM-quality, DOM-quantity and water regime on the transport of selected heavy metals AN - 52555058; 1998-068557 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Hoffmann, C AU - Marschner, B AU - Renger, M A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 205 EP - 209 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - zinc KW - copper KW - Berlin Germany KW - complexing KW - Europe KW - Central Europe KW - carbon KW - Brandenburg Germany KW - chemical properties KW - organic carbon KW - discharge KW - mobility KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - heavy metals KW - soils KW - concentration KW - soil profiles KW - sewage KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - seasonal variations KW - Germany KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52555058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Influence+of+DOM-quality%2C+DOM-quantity+and+water+regime+on+the+transport+of+selected+heavy+metals&rft.au=Hoffmann%2C+C%3BMarschner%2C+B%3BRenger%2C+M&rft.aulast=Hoffmann&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0079-1946%2898%2900014-7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Berlin Germany; Brandenburg Germany; carbon; Central Europe; chemical properties; complexing; concentration; copper; discharge; dissolved materials; Europe; geochemistry; Germany; heavy metals; metals; mobility; organic carbon; pH; pollutants; pollution; seasonal variations; sewage; soil profiles; soils; solutes; zinc DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0079-1946(98)00014-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water solubility enhancement of benzo(a)pyrene and 2,2', 5,5'-terachlorobiphenyl by dissolved organic matter (DOM) AN - 52555035; 1998-068555 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Doering, U M AU - Marschner, B A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 193 EP - 197 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - sorption KW - PCBs KW - Freundlich equation KW - terachlorobiphenyl KW - benzo[a]pyrene KW - humic acids KW - partitioning KW - laboratory studies KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - geochemistry KW - hydrophobic materials KW - soils KW - forests KW - experimental studies KW - sewage KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - hydrochemistry KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - dissolved materials KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52555035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Water+solubility+enhancement+of+benzo%28a%29pyrene+and+2%2C2%27%2C+5%2C5%27-terachlorobiphenyl+by+dissolved+organic+matter+%28DOM%29&rft.au=Doering%2C+U+M%3BMarschner%2C+B&rft.aulast=Doering&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; benzo[a]pyrene; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dissolved materials; experimental studies; forests; Freundlich equation; geochemistry; halogenated hydrocarbons; humic acids; humic substances; hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; hydrophobic materials; laboratory studies; organic acids; organic compounds; partitioning; PCBs; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sewage; soils; solubility; solutes; sorption; terachlorobiphenyl ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colloid and colloid-assisted transport of contaminants in porous media; experimental evidence, theory, modelling AN - 52554617; 1998-068545 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 131 EP - 250 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - complexing KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - porous materials KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - partitioning KW - transport KW - bacteria KW - ion exchange KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52554617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Colloid+and+colloid-assisted+transport+of+contaminants+in+porous+media%3B+experimental+evidence%2C+theory%2C+modelling&rft.title=Colloid+and+colloid-assisted+transport+of+contaminants+in+porous+media%3B+experimental+evidence%2C+theory%2C+modelling&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bacteria; colloidal materials; complexing; experimental studies; ground water; in situ; ion exchange; kinetics; nutrients; partitioning; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; remediation; soils; solute transport; sorption; techniques; transport; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colloid-facilitated transport of contaminants in groundwater; mobilization of transuranic radionuclides from disposal trenches by natural organic matter AN - 52554439; 1998-068552 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - McCarthy, J F A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 171 EP - 178 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - colloidal materials KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - complexing KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - adsorption KW - hydrochemistry KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - Tennessee KW - retention KW - mobility KW - geochemistry KW - underground disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52554439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Colloid-facilitated+transport+of+contaminants+in+groundwater%3B+mobilization+of+transuranic+radionuclides+from+disposal+trenches+by+natural+organic+matter&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; colloidal materials; complexing; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; isotopes; migration of elements; mobility; monitoring; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; remediation; retention; Tennessee; transport; underground disposal; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic colloids in forest soils; 1, Biochemical mobilization in the forest floor AN - 52554404; 1998-068547 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Guggenberger, G AU - Kaiser, K AU - Zech, W A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 141 EP - 146 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - soils KW - forests KW - concentration KW - colloidal materials KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - NMR spectra KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - dissolved materials KW - chemical properties KW - leachate KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - mobility KW - microorganisms KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52554404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Organic+colloids+in+forest+soils%3B+1%2C+Biochemical+mobilization+in+the+forest+floor&rft.au=Guggenberger%2C+G%3BKaiser%2C+K%3BZech%2C+W&rft.aulast=Guggenberger&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; chemical composition; chemical fractionation; chemical properties; colloidal materials; concentration; degradation; dissolved materials; forests; leachate; microorganisms; mobility; moisture; NMR spectra; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; soils; solubility; spectra; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors controlling colloidal transport in a karst aquifer AN - 52553911; 1998-068551 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Atteia, O AU - Couture, C AU - Perret, D A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 163 EP - 169 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - peatlands KW - karst hydrology KW - suspended materials KW - karst KW - Europe KW - Switzerland KW - ground water KW - transport KW - total organic carbon KW - Central Europe KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - organic carbon KW - nitrate ion KW - Jura Mountains KW - mobility KW - geochemistry KW - bogs KW - granulometry KW - colloidal materials KW - sulfate ion KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - TEM data KW - aquifers KW - peat KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - mires KW - Swiss Jura Mountains KW - dissolved materials KW - infiltration KW - shallow aquifers KW - Noiraigue Basin KW - SEM data KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52553911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Factors+controlling+colloidal+transport+in+a+karst+aquifer&rft.au=Atteia%2C+O%3BCouture%2C+C%3BPerret%2C+D&rft.aulast=Atteia&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bogs; carbon; Central Europe; chemical properties; colloidal materials; dissolved materials; Europe; geochemistry; granulometry; ground water; hydrochemistry; infiltration; Jura Mountains; karst; karst hydrology; mires; mobility; nitrate ion; Noiraigue Basin; organic carbon; organic compounds; peat; peatlands; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; sediments; SEM data; shallow aquifers; sulfate ion; surface water; suspended materials; Swiss Jura Mountains; Switzerland; TEM data; total organic carbon; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of fluctuating input of dissolved organic matter on long-term mobility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils AN - 52553849; 1998-068558 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Weigand, H AU - Totsche, K U AU - Koegel-Knabner, I Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 211 EP - 214 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - soils KW - sorption KW - numerical models KW - Bavaria Germany KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - Spodosols KW - organic compounds KW - phase equilibria KW - Central Europe KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Germany KW - mobility KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52553849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Effect+of+fluctuating+input+of+dissolved+organic+matter+on+long-term+mobility+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+soils&rft.au=Weigand%2C+H%3BTotsche%2C+K+U%3BKoegel-Knabner%2C+I&rft.aulast=Weigand&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; Bavaria Germany; Central Europe; Europe; Germany; hydrocarbons; mobility; numerical models; organic compounds; phase equilibria; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; soils; solutes; sorption; Spodosols ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colloid-facilitated transport of pesticide in undisturbed soil columns AN - 52553819; 1998-068554 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - de Jonge, H AU - Jacobsen, O H AU - de Jonge, L W AU - Moldrup, P A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 187 EP - 191 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - soils KW - colloidal materials KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - ammonium ion KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - Europe KW - irrigation KW - case studies KW - Scandinavia KW - Rogen Denmark KW - transport KW - chemical properties KW - Denmark KW - pesticides KW - mobility KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52553819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Colloid-facilitated+transport+of+pesticide+in+undisturbed+soil+columns&rft.au=de+Jonge%2C+H%3BJacobsen%2C+O+H%3Bde+Jonge%2C+L+W%3BMoldrup%2C+P&rft.aulast=de+Jonge&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium ion; case studies; chemical properties; colloidal materials; Denmark; effluents; Europe; geochemistry; irrigation; mobility; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; Rogen Denmark; Scandinavia; soils; solutes; transport; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of nonlinear sorption isotherms by soil column breakthrough experiments AN - 52552614; 1998-068563 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Igler, B A AU - Totsche, K U AU - Knabner, P A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 215 EP - 219 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - dispersivity KW - numerical models KW - complexing KW - anthracene KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - adsorption KW - fluid dynamics KW - partitioning KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - isotherms KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - ion exchange KW - algorithms KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52552614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Identification+of+nonlinear+sorption+isotherms+by+soil+column+breakthrough+experiments&rft.au=Igler%2C+B+A%3BTotsche%2C+K+U%3BKnabner%2C+P&rft.aulast=Igler&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; algorithms; anthracene; aromatic hydrocarbons; complexing; dispersivity; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; hydrocarbons; ion exchange; isotherms; laboratory studies; numerical models; organic compounds; partitioning; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; porous materials; soils; solute transport; sorption; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The genesis and transformation of organo-material colloids in a drained peatland area AN - 52552358; 1998-068549 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Couture, C AU - Mavrocordatos, D AU - Atteia, O AU - Perret, D A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 153 EP - 157 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - calcium KW - karst KW - Europe KW - humic acids KW - Switzerland KW - iron KW - ferric iron KW - Central Europe KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - calcium ion KW - Jura Mountains KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - bogs KW - alkaline earth metals KW - colloidal materials KW - pollutants KW - drainage KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - electron microscopy data KW - adsorption KW - TEM data KW - peat KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - mires KW - humic substances KW - Swiss Jura Mountains KW - metals KW - fulvic acids KW - transformations KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52552358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=The+genesis+and+transformation+of+organo-material+colloids+in+a+drained+peatland+area&rft.au=Couture%2C+C%3BMavrocordatos%2C+D%3BAtteia%2C+O%3BPerret%2C+D&rft.aulast=Couture&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkaline earth metals; bogs; calcium; calcium ion; Central Europe; chemical composition; chemical properties; colloidal materials; drainage; electron microscopy data; Europe; ferric iron; fulvic acids; geochemistry; humic acids; humic substances; iron; Jura Mountains; karst; metals; mires; organic acids; organic compounds; peat; pollutants; pollution; pore water; sediments; surface water; Swiss Jura Mountains; Switzerland; TEM data; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic colloids in forest soils; 2, Abiotic immobilization in the mineral soil AN - 52551977; 1998-068548 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Kaiser, K AU - Guggenberger, G AU - Zech, W A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 147 EP - 151 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - degradation KW - lignin KW - moisture KW - NMR spectra KW - transport KW - chemical properties KW - oxides KW - leachate KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - mobility KW - soils KW - forests KW - concentration KW - colloidal materials KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - iron hydroxides KW - hydroxides KW - organic compounds KW - dissolved materials KW - microorganisms KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52551977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Organic+colloids+in+forest+soils%3B+2%2C+Abiotic+immobilization+in+the+mineral+soil&rft.au=Kaiser%2C+K%3BGuggenberger%2C+G%3BZech%2C+W&rft.aulast=Kaiser&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical composition; chemical fractionation; chemical properties; colloidal materials; concentration; degradation; dissolved materials; forests; hydroxides; iron hydroxides; leachate; lignin; microorganisms; mobility; moisture; NMR spectra; organic compounds; oxides; pollutants; pollution; soils; solubility; solutes; spectra; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of dissolved and colloidal phase humic substances on the transport of hydrophobic organic contaminants in soils AN - 52551732; 1998-068553 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Koegel-Knabner, I AU - Totsche, K U Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 179 EP - 185 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - sorption KW - desorption KW - humic acids KW - ions KW - transport KW - mobility KW - geochemistry KW - hydrophobic materials KW - humic soils KW - soils KW - granulometry KW - colloidal materials KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - effluents KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - isotherms KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52551732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Influence+of+dissolved+and+colloidal+phase+humic+substances+on+the+transport+of+hydrophobic+organic+contaminants+in+soils&rft.au=Koegel-Knabner%2C+I%3BTotsche%2C+K+U&rft.aulast=Koegel-Knabner&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; colloidal materials; desorption; effluents; geochemistry; granulometry; humic acids; humic soils; humic substances; hydrocarbons; hydrophobic materials; ions; isotherms; mobility; organic acids; organic compounds; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; soils; solubility; solutes; sorption; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mobilization and transport of natural colloids in a macroporous soil AN - 52551542; 1998-068550 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Jacobsen, O H AU - Moldrup, P AU - de Jonge, H AU - de Jonge, L W A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 159 EP - 162 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - preferential flow KW - porosity KW - loam KW - transport KW - chemical properties KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - pesticides KW - leaching KW - mobility KW - kinetics KW - diffusivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52551542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Mobilization+and+transport+of+natural+colloids+in+a+macroporous+soil&rft.au=Jacobsen%2C+O+H%3BMoldrup%2C+P%3Bde+Jonge%2C+H%3Bde+Jonge%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Jacobsen&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical properties; colloidal materials; diffusivity; experimental studies; hydraulic conductivity; kinetics; leaching; loam; mobility; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; porosity; porous materials; preferential flow; soils; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transient transport of surfactant in a calcareous and clayey sand AN - 52550336; 1998-068559 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Sardin, M AU - Dridl-Dhaouadi, S AU - Maunier, C AU - Simonnot, M O A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 221 EP - 227 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - soil vapor extraction KW - aqueous solutions KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - transport KW - sediments KW - retention KW - hydrophobic materials KW - soils KW - sand KW - biodegradation KW - anions KW - in situ KW - cation exchange capacity KW - clastic sediments KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - adsorption KW - solubility KW - equilibrium KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - transient phenomena KW - surfactants KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52550336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Transient+transport+of+surfactant+in+a+calcareous+and+clayey+sand&rft.au=Sardin%2C+M%3BDridl-Dhaouadi%2C+S%3BMaunier%2C+C%3BSimonnot%2C+M+O&rft.aulast=Sardin&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; anions; aqueous solutions; aquifers; biodegradation; cation exchange capacity; clastic sediments; equilibrium; ground water; hydrophobic materials; in situ; nonaqueous phase liquids; pollution; porous materials; remediation; retention; sand; sediments; simulation; soil treatment; soil vapor extraction; soils; solubility; surfactants; transient phenomena; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure of the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia; a doubly-vergent thrust belt, or the surface expression of the transpressive southern Caribbean Plate boundary? AN - 52523903; 1999-010416 AB - Two contrasting components of Cenozoic deformation interact in the northernmost Andes of northwestern South America: 1) A dextral strike-slip component related to the relative east to northeast motion of the Caribbean plate relative to the South American continent, and 2) an east-west component due to right-angle convergence between the South American and Nazca plates. The Cordillera Oriental of Colombia, spanning both domains, must therefore record the transition from the indistinct southern Caribbean plate boundary to northern Andean tectonic styles. Despite its present and paleogeographic setting, all kinematic reconstructions of the Cordillera Oriental have ignored the possibility of transpressional tectonics. Studies explaining the evolution of the Cordillera in light of the interaction between contrasting Caribbean to Andean structural styles are entirely missing from the literature of the Cordillera Oriental. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Montes, Camilo AU - Hatcher, Robert D, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 1998 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - data processing KW - transpression KW - strike-slip faults KW - Colombia KW - Cenozoic KW - Guiana Shield KW - computers KW - balanced cross sections KW - workstations KW - quantitative analysis KW - faults KW - Geosec-2D KW - Andes KW - Eastern Cordillera KW - three-dimensional models KW - plate boundaries KW - dip-slip faults KW - Caribbean region KW - deformation KW - paleogeography KW - plate convergence KW - two-dimensional models KW - orogeny KW - computer programs KW - Caribbean Plate KW - South America KW - plate tectonics KW - thrust faults KW - Geosec-3D KW - reconstruction KW - cross sections KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52523903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Structure+of+the+Cordillera+Oriental+of+Colombia%3B+a+doubly-vergent+thrust+belt%2C+or+the+surface+expression+of+the+transpressive+southern+Caribbean+Plate+boundary%3F&rft.au=Montes%2C+Camilo%3BHatcher%2C+Robert+D%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Montes&rft.aufirst=Camilo&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=1998&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1998 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - SuppNotes - Extended abstracts available on CD N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Andes; balanced cross sections; Caribbean Plate; Caribbean region; Cenozoic; Colombia; computer programs; computers; cross sections; data processing; deformation; dip-slip faults; Eastern Cordillera; faults; Geosec-2D; Geosec-3D; Guiana Shield; orogeny; paleogeography; plate boundaries; plate convergence; plate tectonics; quantitative analysis; reconstruction; South America; strike-slip faults; three-dimensional models; thrust faults; transpression; two-dimensional models; workstations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combining field tracer experiments and modeling to understand matrix-fracture exchange in shale aquitards AN - 52482716; 1999-029273 AB - Several long-term natural gradient tracer tests have been performed in fractured shale saprolite and bedrock aquitards of the Oak Ridge Reservation in Tennessee to examine the influence of matrix diffusion on solute transport. The results of these tests can be summarized as: 1) Transport of the front of the tracer plume was rapid for the first few weeks, with first arrival velocities of 1-5 m/d for wells located in the fracture regime within 15 of the source; 2) A nearly constant concentration was reached at these wells by one month; 3) Tracers with different diffusion coefficients were separated by matrix diffusion; 4) Apparent solute transport decreased with distance from the source; and 5) Tracer was flushed rapidly from the near source wells once injection was stopped, with little tailing of the elution curve. 1-D and 2-D modeling of the tracer breakthrough curves obtained from wells in the fracture regime and in the matrix resulted in the following: 1) Field-scale effective parameters can be determined by modeling the arrival of the multiple tracers in one well or by modeling the breakthrough of one tracer at wells located both in the fracture and matrix; 2) The relative arrivals of the multiple tracers are indicative of the location of the monitoring point to the fracture; and 3) A long tailing of tracers during elution does not always occur in systems where matrix diffusion plays a large role in controlling transport. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Sanford, William E AU - Bailey, Barton AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 323 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 30 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - fractured materials KW - bedrock KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - monitoring KW - contaminant plumes KW - one-dimensional models KW - matrix KW - pollution KW - aquitards KW - two-dimensional models KW - models KW - saprolite KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - tracers KW - Tennessee KW - water wells KW - clastic rocks KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52482716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Combining+field+tracer+experiments+and+modeling+to+understand+matrix-fracture+exchange+in+shale+aquitards&rft.au=Sanford%2C+William+E%3BBailey%2C+Barton%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sanford&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1998 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquitards; bedrock; clastic rocks; contaminant plumes; diffusion; experimental studies; fractured materials; fractures; matrix; models; monitoring; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; one-dimensional models; pollution; saprolite; sedimentary rocks; solute transport; Tennessee; tracers; two-dimensional models; United States; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of the mixing properties of H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) on the flow of metamorphic fluids AN - 52465308; 1999-044697 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Labotka, T C AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Blencoe, J G AU - Seitz, J C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 319 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 30 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - isograds KW - fractures KW - pressure KW - mixing KW - confined aquifers KW - properties KW - metamorphism KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52465308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+the+mixing+properties+of+H+%28sub+2%29+O-CO+%28sub+2%29+on+the+flow+of+metamorphic+fluids&rft.au=Labotka%2C+T+C%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BBlencoe%2C+J+G%3BSeitz%2C+J+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Labotka&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1998 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; carbon dioxide; confined aquifers; fractures; isograds; metamorphism; mixing; pressure; properties; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Activity-composition and phase relations of H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) -NaCl fluids at 500 degrees C, 500 bars AN - 52454690; 1999-050596 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Labotka, T C AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Singh, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 319 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 30 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - halides KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - precision KW - halite KW - carbon dioxide KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - chlorides KW - geochemistry KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - P-T conditions KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52454690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Activity-composition+and+phase+relations+of+H+%28sub+2%29+O-CO+%28sub+2%29+-NaCl+fluids+at+500+degrees+C%2C+500+bars&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BLabotka%2C+T+C%3BBlencoe%2C+James+G%3BSingh%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1998 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; carbon dioxide; chemical reactions; chlorides; experimental studies; geochemistry; halides; halite; instruments; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; precision; sodium chloride; water ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Airborne geophysical survey of the Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee AN - 52453794; 1999-052955 JF - Airborne geophysical survey of the Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee AU - Doll, W E AU - Nyquist, Jonathan E AU - Beard, L P Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - data processing KW - waste disposal sites KW - mapping KW - karst KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - Tennessee KW - electromagnetic methods KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - White Wing Scrapyard Site KW - high-resolution methods KW - Oak Ridge Reservation KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - models KW - surveys KW - solution features KW - instruments KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52453794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Doll%2C+W+E%3BNyquist%2C+Jonathan+E%3BBeard%2C+L+P&rft.aulast=Doll&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Airborne+geophysical+survey+of+the+Oak+Ridge+Reservation%2C+Tennessee&rft.title=Airborne+geophysical+survey+of+the+Oak+Ridge+Reservation%2C+Tennessee&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.contaminatedland.co.uk/case-stu/geo-phys.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - TN N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Nov. 20, 1998 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Inexpensive aerial photographic mapping for environmental site characterization using radio-controlled aircraft AN - 52452558; 1999-052954 JF - Inexpensive aerial photographic mapping for environmental site characterization using radio-controlled aircraft AU - Nyquist, Jonathan E AU - Farmer, C David Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN KW - waste disposal sites KW - mapping KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - cost KW - new methods KW - remediation KW - topography KW - aircraft KW - aerial photography KW - instruments KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52452558?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Nyquist%2C+Jonathan+E%3BFarmer%2C+C+David&rft.aulast=Nyquist&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Inexpensive+aerial+photographic+mapping+for+environmental+site+characterization+using+radio-controlled+aircraft&rft.title=Inexpensive+aerial+photographic+mapping+for+environmental+site+characterization+using+radio-controlled+aircraft&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.metla.fi/archive/forest/1998/10/msg00090.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - TN N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Nov. 20, 1998 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Clean enough for industry?; an airborne geophysical case study AN - 52451186; 1999-052956 JF - Clean enough for industry?; an airborne geophysical case study AU - Nyquist, Jonathan E AU - Beard, Les P Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN KW - United States KW - apparent resistivity KW - geophysical surveys KW - waste disposal sites KW - mapping KW - Lambert's Quarry KW - karst KW - environmental analysis KW - iron KW - Tennessee KW - electromagnetic methods KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - White Wing Scrapyard Site KW - Oak Ridge Reservation KW - quarries KW - geophysical methods KW - magnetic methods KW - magnetic anomalies KW - planning KW - metals KW - surveys KW - solution features KW - land use KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52451186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Nyquist%2C+Jonathan+E%3BBeard%2C+Les+P&rft.aulast=Nyquist&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Clean+enough+for+industry%3F%3B+an+airborne+geophysical+case+study&rft.title=Clean+enough+for+industry%3F%3B+an+airborne+geophysical+case+study&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.contaminatedland.co.uk/case-stu/geo-phys.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - TN N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Nov. 23, 1998 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulfur isotopes by ion microprobe AN - 52446556; 1999-061462 JF - Reviews in Economic Geology AU - McKibben, Michael A AU - Riciputi, Lee R A2 - McKibben, Michael A. A2 - Shanks, Wayne C., III A2 - Ridley, W. Ian Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 121 EP - 139 PB - Society of Economic Geologists, Socorro, NM VL - 7 SN - 0741-0123, 0741-0123 KW - United States KW - Cerro Negro New Mexico KW - Creede Caldera KW - isotopes KW - techniques KW - crystal growth KW - New Mexico KW - Alberta KW - stable isotopes KW - oil and gas fields KW - crystal zoning KW - Valles Caldera KW - North America KW - isotope ratios KW - U. S. Rocky Mountains KW - San Juan Mountains KW - mass spectroscopy KW - models KW - ion probe KW - Mineral County Colorado KW - S-34/S-32 KW - Canada KW - diagenesis KW - sulfur KW - Western Canada KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Colorado KW - spectroscopy KW - Rocky Mountains KW - instruments KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52446556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Economic+Geology&rft.atitle=Sulfur+isotopes+by+ion+microprobe&rft.au=McKibben%2C+Michael+A%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R&rft.aulast=McKibben&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=1887483519&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Economic+Geology&rft.issn=07410123&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - PubXState - NM N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alberta; Atlantic Ocean; Canada; Cerro Negro New Mexico; Colorado; Creede Caldera; crystal growth; crystal zoning; diagenesis; instruments; ion probe; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectroscopy; Mineral County Colorado; models; New Mexico; North America; North Atlantic; North Sea; oil and gas fields; Rocky Mountains; S-34/S-32; San Juan Mountains; spectroscopy; stable isotopes; sulfur; techniques; U. S. Rocky Mountains; United States; Valles Caldera; Western Canada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paleosols as indicators of paleoclimatic conditions in the Quaternary deposits of New Mexico AN - 52443333; 1999-062056 JF - Quaternary International AU - Monger, H Curtis AU - Cole, David R A2 - Follmer, Leon R. A2 - Johnson, D. L. A2 - Catt, John A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 40 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 51-52 SN - 1040-6182, 1040-6182 KW - United States KW - photosynthesis KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - New Mexico KW - detritus KW - paleoclimatology KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - Cenozoic KW - mineral composition KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - paleosols KW - soils KW - Plantae KW - pedogenesis KW - southern New Mexico KW - Quaternary KW - clastic sediments KW - isotope ratios KW - grain size KW - C-13/C-12 KW - photochemistry KW - silt KW - O-18/O-16 KW - indicators KW - C4 plants KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52443333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+International&rft.atitle=Paleosols+as+indicators+of+paleoclimatic+conditions+in+the+Quaternary+deposits+of+New+Mexico&rft.au=Monger%2C+H+Curtis%3BCole%2C+David+R&rft.aulast=Monger&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=51-52&rft.issue=&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quaternary+International&rft.issn=10406182&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10406182 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Revisitation of concepts in paleopedology; Second international symposium on Paleopedology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13/C-12; C4 plants; carbon; Cenozoic; clastic sediments; detritus; grain size; indicators; isotope ratios; isotopes; mineral composition; New Mexico; O-18/O-16; oxygen; paleoclimatology; paleosols; pedogenesis; photochemistry; photosynthesis; Plantae; Quaternary; sediments; silt; soils; southern New Mexico; stable isotopes; temperature; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimentally determined excess molar volumes for H (sub 2) O-N (sub 2) fluids at 300 degrees C, 75-1000 bars AN - 52383068; 2000-022583 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Singh, Jagmohan AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Seitz, Jeffery C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 319 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 30 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - densimetry KW - metamorphic rocks KW - accuracy KW - P-T conditions KW - nitrogen KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52383068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Experimentally+determined+excess+molar+volumes+for+H+%28sub+2%29+O-N+%28sub+2%29+fluids+at+300+degrees+C%2C+75-1000+bars&rft.au=Singh%2C+Jagmohan%3BBlencoe%2C+James+G%3BSeitz%2C+Jeffery+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Jagmohan&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1998 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; densimetry; experimental studies; metamorphic rocks; nitrogen; P-T conditions; water ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Diamond morphology AN - 52358704; 2000-035557 JF - Handbook of industrial diamonds and diamond films AU - Clausing, Robert E A2 - Prelas, Mark A. A2 - Popovici, Galina A2 - Bigelow, Louis K. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Marcel Dekker, New York, NY SN - 0824799941 KW - morphology KW - impurities KW - diamond KW - polycrystalline materials KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - native elements KW - defects KW - anisotropy KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52358704?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Clausing%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Clausing&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0824799941&rft.btitle=Diamond+morphology&rft.title=Diamond+morphology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Hydraulic and physical nonequilibrium effects on multiregion flow AN - 52264506; 2001-017017 JF - Physical nonequilibrium in soils; modeling and application AU - Wilson, Glenn V AU - Gwo, Jin-Ping AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Luxmoore, R J A2 - Selim, H. Magdi A2 - Ma, Liwang Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Ann Arbor Press, Chelsea, MI SN - 1575040492 KW - soils KW - clay KW - water quality KW - sand KW - diffusion KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - silt KW - advection KW - simulation KW - equilibrium KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - flows KW - models KW - movement KW - sediments KW - mass transfer KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52264506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Glenn+V%3BGwo%2C+Jin-Ping%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BLuxmoore%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1575040492&rft.btitle=Hydraulic+and+physical+nonequilibrium+effects+on+multiregion+flow&rft.title=Hydraulic+and+physical+nonequilibrium+effects+on+multiregion+flow&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, block diags. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Experimental techniques for confirming and quantifying physical nonequilibrium processes in soils AN - 52264429; 2001-017024 JF - Physical nonequilibrium in soils; modeling and application AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - O'Brien, Rachel AU - Wilson, Glenn V AU - Gwo, Jin-Ping A2 - Selim, H. Magdi A2 - Ma, Liwang Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Ann Arbor Press, Chelsea, MI SN - 1575040492 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - solutes KW - techniques KW - flows KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - infiltration KW - movement KW - tracers KW - pore water KW - instruments KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52264429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jardine%2C+Philip+M%3BO%27Brien%2C+Rachel%3BWilson%2C+Glenn+V%3BGwo%2C+Jin-Ping&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1575040492&rft.btitle=Experimental+techniques+for+confirming+and+quantifying+physical+nonequilibrium+processes+in+soils&rft.title=Experimental+techniques+for+confirming+and+quantifying+physical+nonequilibrium+processes+in+soils&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 117 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Group A discussions of endpoint selection, study design, and extrapolation AN - 52175383; 2001-072819 JF - Environmental contaminants and terrestrial vertebrates; effects on populations, communities, and ecosystems AU - French, John B, Jr AU - Bradbury, Steven P AU - Krueger, Hank AU - McGee, Elizabeth AU - Sample, Bradley E A2 - Albers, Peter H. A2 - Heinz, Gary H. A2 - Ohlendorf, Harry M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - SETAC Press, Pensacola, FL SN - 1880611392 KW - models KW - extrapolation KW - terrestrial environment KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - ecology KW - bioavailability KW - pesticides KW - design KW - biota KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52175383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=French%2C+John+B%2C+Jr%3BBradbury%2C+Steven+P%3BKrueger%2C+Hank%3BMcGee%2C+Elizabeth%3BSample%2C+Bradley+E&rft.aulast=French&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1880611392&rft.btitle=Group+A+discussions+of+endpoint+selection%2C+study+design%2C+and+extrapolation&rft.title=Group+A+discussions+of+endpoint+selection%2C+study+design%2C+and+extrapolation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The distribution of radiocesium and plutonium in sea ice-entrained Arctic sediments in relation to potential sources and sinks AN - 51322819; 1999-037638 JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Cooper, Lee W AU - Larsen, I L AU - Beasley, T M AU - Dolvin, Scott S AU - Grebmeier, Jacqueline M AU - Kelley, J M AU - Scott, Martha AU - Johnson-Pyrtle, A Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 279 EP - 303 PB - Elsevier, Barking VL - 39 IS - 3 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - silicates KW - isotopes KW - plutonium KW - sea ice KW - Pu-239 KW - East Siberian Sea KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - ice KW - sediments KW - Arctic Ocean KW - nuclear explosions KW - fallout KW - granulometry KW - explosions KW - grain size KW - Bering Sea KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - gamma-ray spectroscopy KW - clay minerals KW - Kara Sea KW - detection KW - Cs-137 KW - Chernobyl nuclear accident KW - North Pacific KW - metals KW - Pacific Ocean KW - sheet silicates KW - spectroscopy KW - actinides KW - Pu-240 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51322819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=The+distribution+of+radiocesium+and+plutonium+in+sea+ice-entrained+Arctic+sediments+in+relation+to+potential+sources+and+sinks&rft.au=Cooper%2C+Lee+W%3BLarsen%2C+I+L%3BBeasley%2C+T+M%3BDolvin%2C+Scott+S%3BGrebmeier%2C+Jacqueline+M%3BKelley%2C+J+M%3BScott%2C+Martha%3BJohnson-Pyrtle%2C+A&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkali metals; Arctic Ocean; Bering Sea; cesium; Chernobyl nuclear accident; clay minerals; Cs-137; detection; East Siberian Sea; environmental analysis; explosions; fallout; gamma-ray spectroscopy; grain size; granulometry; ice; isotopes; Kara Sea; metals; North Pacific; nuclear explosions; Pacific Ocean; plutonium; pollution; Pu-239; Pu-240; radioactive isotopes; sea ice; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Brine inclusions in halite and the origin of the Middle Devonian Prairie Evaporites of Western Canada; discussion and reply AN - 51034538; 1998-054974 JF - Journal of Sedimentary Research AU - Kovalevich, Volodymyr M AU - Peryt, Tadeusz M AU - Petrichenko, Oleg I AU - Horita, Juske AU - Holland, Heinrich D Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - January 1998 SP - 228 EP - 231 PB - Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 1527-1404, 1527-1404 KW - halides KW - alteration KW - early diagenesis KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - sediment-water interface KW - Paleozoic KW - evaporites KW - halite KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Prairie Evaporite KW - Middle Devonian KW - Devonian KW - chemical reactions KW - Canada KW - diagenesis KW - inclusions KW - brines KW - chlorides KW - Western Canada KW - fluid inclusions KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51034538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Sedimentary+Research&rft.atitle=Brine+inclusions+in+halite+and+the+origin+of+the+Middle+Devonian+Prairie+Evaporites+of+Western+Canada%3B+discussion+and+reply&rft.au=Kovalevich%2C+Volodymyr+M%3BPeryt%2C+Tadeusz+M%3BPetrichenko%2C+Oleg+I%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BHolland%2C+Heinrich+D&rft.aulast=Kovalevich&rft.aufirst=Volodymyr&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Sedimentary+Research&rft.issn=15271404&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jsedres.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology), Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to original see Horita, J., Weinberg, A., Das, N., and Holland, H. D., J. Sediment. Res., Vol. 66, p. 956-964, 1996; Section A: Sedimentary Petrology and Processes N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; brines; Canada; chemical composition; chemical reactions; chemically precipitated rocks; chlorides; Devonian; diagenesis; early diagenesis; evaporites; fluid inclusions; geochemistry; halides; halite; inclusions; Middle Devonian; Paleozoic; Prairie Evaporite; sediment-water interface; sedimentary rocks; Western Canada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable isotope exchange equilibria and kinetics in mineral-fluid systems AN - 50873759; 2007-031575 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Cole, David R AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Horita, Juske AU - Chacko, Tom A2 - Arehart, Greg B. A2 - Hulston, John R. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 827 EP - 830 PB - International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry and Alberta Research Council, Sub-Group on Water-Rock Interaction, Toronto, ON VL - 9 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - sorosilicates KW - silicates KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - equilibrium KW - stable isotopes KW - chlorite KW - geothermal systems KW - epidote KW - water-rock interaction KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - orthosilicates KW - sheet silicates KW - ion exchange KW - epidote group KW - chlorite group KW - kinetics KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50873759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=Stable+isotope+exchange+equilibria+and+kinetics+in+mineral-fluid+systems&rft.au=Cole%2C+David+R%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BChacko%2C+Tom&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=827&rft.isbn=9054109424&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 9th international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical fractionation; chlorite; chlorite group; D/H; epidote; epidote group; equilibrium; geothermal systems; hydrogen; ion exchange; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; O-18/O-16; orthosilicates; oxygen; sheet silicates; silicates; sorosilicates; stable isotopes; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gravity meter comparison and circular error AN - 50852209; 2008-101292 JF - Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics AU - Kaufmann, R D AU - Doll, William E Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - January 1998 SP - 165 EP - 171 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Englewood, CO VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 1083-1363, 1083-1363 KW - gravimeters KW - density KW - statistical analysis KW - standard deviation KW - geophysical methods KW - calibration KW - noise KW - measurement KW - least-squares analysis KW - models KW - gravity methods KW - gravity field KW - errors KW - instruments KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50852209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Gravity+meter+comparison+and+circular+error&rft.au=Kaufmann%2C+R+D%3BDoll%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Kaufmann&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.issn=10831363&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; density; errors; geophysical methods; gravimeters; gravity field; gravity methods; instruments; least-squares analysis; measurement; models; noise; standard deviation; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The distribution of the quasi-conservative tracers, NO, PO and (super 18) O in the Bering Strait region in 1993 AN - 50446876; 2009-042861 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Cooper, L W AU - Cota, G F AU - Pomeroy, L AU - Grebmeier, J M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - January 1998 SP - 81 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 1, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - Bering Strait KW - isotope ratios KW - sinks KW - Bering Sea KW - nitrates KW - phosphates KW - O-18/O-16 KW - salinity KW - distribution KW - stable isotopes KW - marine sediments KW - North Pacific KW - mixing KW - Pacific Ocean KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - Arctic Ocean KW - continental shelf KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50446876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+distribution+of+the+quasi-conservative+tracers%2C+NO%2C+PO+and+%28super+18%29+O+in+the+Bering+Strait+region+in+1993&rft.au=Cooper%2C+L+W%3BCota%2C+G+F%3BPomeroy%2C+L%3BGrebmeier%2C+J+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union and American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, 1998 ocean sciences meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic Ocean; Bering Sea; Bering Strait; continental shelf; distribution; isotope ratios; isotopes; marine sediments; mixing; nitrates; North Pacific; O-18/O-16; oxygen; Pacific Ocean; phosphates; salinity; sediments; sinks; stable isotopes; tracers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colloid transport in natural porous media; influence of surface chemistry and flow velocity AN - 50330500; 1998-068546 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Kretzschmar, R AU - Sticher, H A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 133 EP - 139 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - silicates KW - calcium KW - humic acids KW - ground water KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - chemical properties KW - calcium ion KW - oxides KW - mobility KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - soils KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - colloidal materials KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - adsorption KW - iron hydroxides KW - clay minerals KW - aquifers KW - hydroxides KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sheet silicates KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50330500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=Colloid+transport+in+natural+porous+media%3B+influence+of+surface+chemistry+and+flow+velocity&rft.au=Kretzschmar%2C+R%3BSticher%2C+H&rft.aulast=Kretzschmar&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkaline earth metals; aquifers; bacteria; calcium; calcium ion; chemical properties; chemical reactions; clay minerals; colloidal materials; concentration; geochemistry; ground water; humic acids; humic substances; hydroxides; iron hydroxides; kinetics; metals; mobility; organic acids; organic compounds; oxides; pH; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; sheet silicates; silicates; soils; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DOM-enhanced mobilization of benzo(a)pyrene in a contaminated soil under different chemical conditions AN - 50329890; 1998-068556 JF - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth AU - Marschner, B A2 - Totsche, K. U. A2 - McCarthy, J. F. A2 - Kretzschmar, R. A2 - Sardin, M. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 199 EP - 203 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Toronto VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0079-1946, 0079-1946 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - calcium KW - sorption KW - PCBs KW - benzo[a]pyrene KW - humic acids KW - partitioning KW - laboratory studies KW - calcium ion KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - acidic composition KW - geochemistry KW - hydrophobic materials KW - soils KW - forests KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - sewage KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50329890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.atitle=DOM-enhanced+mobilization+of+benzo%28a%29pyrene+in+a+contaminated+soil+under+different+chemical+conditions&rft.au=Marschner%2C+B&rft.aulast=Marschner&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+the+Earth&rft.issn=00791946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCEAAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; alkaline earth metals; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzo[a]pyrene; calcium; calcium ion; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; dissolved materials; experimental studies; forests; geochemistry; halogenated hydrocarbons; humic acids; humic substances; hydrocarbons; hydrophobic materials; laboratory studies; metals; organic acids; organic compounds; partitioning; PCBs; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sewage; soils; solubility; solutes; sorption ER - TY - JOUR T1 - World Population Growth and the Role of Annual Energy Use per Capita AN - 19766365; 5132161 AB - Addresses the question of whether there is a sustainable solution for the world & the resources it needs to maintain a decent standard of living for a muchrooming population. Focus is on the possible coupling of the annual energy use per capita & the population growth rate for each region, & the consequences of such a connection if the world's population is to stabilize. Energy is a factor because it is a proactive agent in facilitating increases in the standard of living & changes in the social conditions believed to influence the fertility rate. Historical trends & near-term projections for energy use & population growth rate are used to indicate a possible future path for developing regions. Improvements in the efficiency of energy use & modest cultural changes are invoked in an example projection of coupled energy use & population growth. This approach leads to population changes closely following World Bank projections up to 2150. The world energy use is projected to rise from about 9,000 million tonnes of oil (Mtoe/a) equivalent today to 15,000-21,000 Mtoe/a by the time the world's population has risen from 6 billion to around 12 billion people in the 22nd century. The energy demands of each developing region are compared with potential indigenous energy sources. It seems that the availability of easily moveable, cheap fuels, requiring the use of all energy sources, will be important to allowing the developing world to make the transition to a stable population with a decent standard of living. Adapted from the source document. JF - Technological Forecasting and Social Change AU - Sheffield, J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008 Oak Ridge TN 37831-6248 Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 55 EP - 87 VL - 59 IS - 1 SN - 0040-1625, 0040-1625 KW - Energy Consumption KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Human Population KW - Fertility KW - Energy resources KW - Population growth KW - Sustainable development KW - Developing countries KW - M1 320:Environmental & Natural Resource Development KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19766365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technological+Forecasting+and+Social+Change&rft.atitle=World+Population+Growth+and+the+Role+of+Annual+Energy+Use+per+Capita&rft.au=Sheffield%2C+J&rft.aulast=Sheffield&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Technological+Forecasting+and+Social+Change&rft.issn=00401625&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population growth; Developing countries; Energy resources; Fertility; Sustainable development ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inventories and distribution of radiocaesium in Arctic marine sediments: influence of biological and physical processes AN - 17599222; 4728158 AB - Extensive surveys of sediment burdens of radiocaesium, specifically super(137)Cs, and other radioactive contaminants in the Arctic during the 1990's, indicate that almost all anthropogenic radionuclides buried on continental shelves adjacent to Alaska are derived from global bomb fallout. The super(137)Cs (half-life: 30.2y) activities observed in surface (0-4cm) marine sediments however, vary widely, albeit much less than the expected current inventory resulting from bomb fallout at this latitude ( similar to 100 mBq cm super(-2)). This observed geographical variation provided the opportunity to evaluate physical and biological mechanisms that may affect caesium biogeochemistry on Arctic continental shelves. We investigated whether high biological productivity in portions of the Bering and Chukchi Seas is effective in removing dissolved radiocaesium from the water column, and whether biological production in overlying water affects total radiocaesium inventories in sediments. Based upon C/N ratios in the organic fraction of shallow sediments, we found no evidence that higher inventories or surface activities of radiocaesium are present in areas with higher deposition of particulate organic matter. Based upon stable carbon isotope ratios of organic matter in sediments, we found no evidence that terrestrial runoff contributes proportionally to higher surface activities, although terrestrial runoff may affect total inventories of the radionuclide. Radiocaesium content of surface sediments was significantly correlated with total organic carbon content of sediments and the proportion of sediments in the finest sediment fractions. Because high current flow can also be expected to influence distributions of those sedimentary parameters, we conclude that re-distribution of radiocaesium in sediments on near Alaska continental shelves is mostly governed by physical processes. Data from other Arctic continental shelves are discussed in the context of these findings. JF - Chemistry and Ecology AU - Cooper, L W AU - Grebmeier, J M AU - Larsen, IL AU - Dolvin, S S AU - Reed, A J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038 USA Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 27 EP - 46 VL - 15 SN - 0275-7540, 0275-7540 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - PN, Arctic KW - Marine KW - Biological production KW - Caesium KW - Caesium 137 KW - Radioisotopes KW - Sediments KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17599222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemistry+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=Inventories+and+distribution+of+radiocaesium+in+Arctic+marine+sediments%3A+influence+of+biological+and+physical+processes&rft.au=Cooper%2C+L+W%3BGrebmeier%2C+J+M%3BLarsen%2C+IL%3BDolvin%2C+S+S%3BReed%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemistry+and+Ecology&rft.issn=02757540&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological production; Caesium; Caesium 137; Radioisotopes; Sediments; PN, Arctic; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the potential role of a forest ecosystem in phytostabilization and phytoextraction of super(90)Sr at a contaminated watershed AN - 17228863; 4504064 AB - The behavior of super(90)Sr at forest sites in the White Oak Creek watershed, near Oak Ridge, Tennessee, was simulated with a simple, site-specific, multicompartment model that linked biomass and element cycling dynamics. The model was used to predict the role of forest cover in mitigating hydrologic losses of super(90)Sr from contaminated soils (i.e. phytostabilization) under conditions where contaminant transport is governed mainly by shallow subsurface flow. The model was also used to predict the removal of super(90)Sr from soil (i.e. phytoextraction) through the growth and harvest of short rotation woody crops over a period of 30 years. Simulations with the model indicated that (1) forest preservation on the watershed is a form of phytostabilization because forest cover helps to minimize hydrologic losses of super(90)Sr and (2) an attempt to significantly reduce amounts of super(90)Sr in soil through phytoextraction would be unsuccessful. Over a period of 30 years, and under various management strategies, the model predicted that similar to 15% of the super(90)Sr initially present in soil at a contaminated site was lost through hydrologic transport and similar to 53% was lost by radioactive decay. Phytostabilization may be important in the management of radioactive land when issues like waste minimization and pollution prevention affect the selection of technologies to be used in environmental restoration. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Garten, CT Jr AD - Ecological Sciences Section, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, ctgarnl.gor Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 305 EP - 323 VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - USA, Tennessee, White Oak Creek KW - phytostabilization KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Strontium radioisotopes KW - Simulation KW - Model studies KW - Soil contamination KW - Radioactivity KW - Biomass KW - Watersheds KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17228863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+potential+role+of+a+forest+ecosystem+in+phytostabilization+and+phytoextraction+of+super%2890%29Sr+at+a+contaminated+watershed&rft.au=Garten%2C+CT+Jr&rft.aulast=Garten&rft.aufirst=CT&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Strontium radioisotopes; Fate of pollutants; Simulation; Model studies; Radioactivity; Soil contamination; Watersheds; Biomass ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The radioactive materials packaging handbook: An overview AN - 17208951; 4494531 AB - The Radioactive Materials Packaging Handbook provides information on the design, operation, and maintenance of shipping packages. The 500-page document was published in June 1998 and will serve as a replacement for the Cask Designers Guide. The Handbook, written by experts in their particular fields, is a compilation of technical chapters that address the design aspects of a package intended for transporting radioactive material in normal commerce; it was prepared under the direction of M. E. Wangler of the US Department of Energy (DOE) and provides a wealth of technical guidance that gives designers a better understanding of the regulatory approval process, preferences of regulators on specific aspects of package design, and the types of analyses to be considered when designing a package to carry radioactive materials. Even though the Handbook is concerned with both small and large packagings, most of the emphasis is placed on large packagings that are capable of transporting fissile, radioactive sources (e.g. spent fuel). The safety analysis reports for packagings (SARPs), which are submitted to a competent authority and form the basis of their review, must address the widest range of technical topics in order to meet US and international regulations. JF - International Journal of Radioactive Materials Transport AU - Shappert, L B AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 263 EP - 268 VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 0957-476X, 0957-476X KW - USA KW - safety engineering KW - safety regulations KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Materials handling KW - Government regulations KW - Transportation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Packaging KW - Storage KW - Hazardous materials KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17208951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Radioactive+Materials+Transport&rft.atitle=The+radioactive+materials+packaging+handbook%3A+An+overview&rft.au=Shappert%2C+L+B&rft.aulast=Shappert&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Radioactive+Materials+Transport&rft.issn=0957476X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioactive materials; Materials handling; Hazardous materials; Packaging; Transportation; Government regulations; Storage ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineering-economic studies of energy technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions: Opportunities and challenges AN - 17159644; 4457028 AB - This paper compares the results of four recent engineering-economic studies of the potential for energy technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The review includes a sector-by-sector assessment of specific technology opportunities and their costs, as estimated by (a) five National Laboratories, (b) the Tellus Institute, (c) the National Academy of Sciences, and (d) the Office of Technology Assessment. These studies document that numerous cost-effective, energy-efficient technologies remain underutilized in each end-use sector of the economy. Supply-side options, on the other hand, are generally found to involve some net costs. Demand- and supply-side options benefit from being pursued concurrently because of various interaction effects. In combination, large carbon reductions are possible at incremental costs that are less than the value of the energy saved. An aggressive national commitment involving some combination of targeted tax incentives, emissions trading, and non-price policies is needed to exploit these carbon reduction opportunities. JF - Annual Review of Energy and the Environment AU - Brown, MA AU - Levine, MD AU - Romm, J P AU - Rosenfeld, AH AU - Koomey, J G AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6186, USA, brownma@ornl.gov Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 287 EP - 385 PB - Annual Reviews, Inc. VL - 23 SN - 1056-3466, 1056-3466 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Carbon cycle KW - Emission control KW - Environmental engineering KW - Energy KW - Economics KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Technology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17159644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Energy+and+the+Environment&rft.atitle=Engineering-economic+studies+of+energy+technologies+to+reduce+greenhouse+gas+emissions%3A+Opportunities+and+challenges&rft.au=Brown%2C+MA%3BLevine%2C+MD%3BRomm%2C+J+P%3BRosenfeld%2C+AH%3BKoomey%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Energy+and+the+Environment&rft.issn=10563466&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon cycle; Economics; Technology; Energy; Emission control; Environmental engineering; Greenhouse gases ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fish Passage Mitigation at Hydroelectric Power Projects in the United States AN - 17154225; 4450411 AB - Recent efforts of the US Department of Energy's (DOE) Hydropower Program have focused on the mitigation of adverse effects of dams on upstream and downstream fish passage. An initial study of 707 recently licensed hydropower projects in the United States indicated that approximately 11% were required to provide upstream fish passage and 28% were required to provide downstream fish passage. Despite considerable effort to design and install fish passage devices, many projects had no detailed performance criteria and no performance monitoring requirements. A follow-up study examined the effectiveness of fish passage mitigative measures at 16 hydropower projects that had conducted performance monitoring. Fish ladders and lifts can be very effective in moving fish upstream past a dam; some of the case study projects were nearly 100% effective. Three of the 12 case studies with downstream passage measures have successfully increased the survival of downstream-migrating fish. However, in other instances the devices have failed or, more commonly, operational monitoring has not been adequate to make a judgement about their effectiveness. As an alternative to downstream fish passage screening, the DOE Advanced Hydropower Turbine Systems Program has begun a phased effort to design, build and test fishfriendly turbines, i.e. turbine systems in which environmental attributes such as entrainment survival, instream flow needs, and/or water quality enhancement are emphasised. Such turbine systems could allow the efficient generation of electricity while miniraising the damage to fish and their habitats. JF - Fish Migration and Fish Bypasses AU - Cada, G F A2 - Jungwirth, M A2 - Schmutz, S A2 - Weiss, S (eds) Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 12 EP - 219 PB - Fishing News Books, [URL:http://www.blacksci.co.uk/fnb/] SN - 0852382537 KW - USA KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Design criteria KW - Fishways KW - Fish management KW - Man-induced effects KW - Fish passages KW - Spawning KW - Freshwater KW - Hydroelectric plants KW - Turbines KW - Fishery management KW - Dams KW - Nature conservation KW - Spawning migrations KW - Hydroelectric power plants KW - SW 6090:Fisheries engineering KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17154225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Cada%2C+G+F&rft.aulast=Cada&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=0852382537&rft.btitle=Fish+Passage+Mitigation+at+Hydroelectric+Power+Projects+in+the+United+States&rft.title=Fish+Passage+Mitigation+at+Hydroelectric+Power+Projects+in+the+United+States&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Price: pound sterling 65. Distributed by Marston Book Services, Ltd. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranium and organics removal from contaminated groundwater via sorption AN - 16559945; 4394341 AB - Many U.S. Department of Energy weapon production facility sites have groundwater plumes contaminated with organics and dissolved uranium. This paper presents data obtained as part of a study focusing on uranium and chlorinated organics removal from shallow groundwater. A variety of sorbents were tested for sorptive capacity, and it was concluded that activated carbon may be suitable for organics removal and that peat moss and anion-exchange resin showed promise for uranium removal from this type of water. Results of both batch isotherm and column studies are included and discussed. JF - Advances in Environmental Research AU - Klasson, K T AU - Sams, B AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6044, USA, klassonktrnl.gov Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 199 EP - 206 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1093-0191, 1093-0191 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Water treatment KW - Uranium KW - Water pollution treatment KW - Military KW - Ion exchange KW - Pollutant removal KW - Sorption KW - Activated carbon KW - Peat KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Organic compounds KW - Pollution control KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16559945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Uranium+and+organics+removal+from+contaminated+groundwater+via+sorption&rft.au=Klasson%2C+K+T%3BSams%2C+B&rft.aulast=Klasson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Environmental+Research&rft.issn=10930191&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sorption; Water treatment; Water pollution treatment; Uranium; Groundwater pollution; Organic compounds; Ion exchange; Pollution control; Peat; Pollutant removal; Activated carbon; Military ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of groundwater flow directions in a heterogeneous aquifer using the colloidal borescope AN - 16465670; 4375826 AB - Determining groundwater flow rates and directions in low permeable layered aquifers underlying industrial sites can be a difficult problem due to limited access, multiple flow zones, and multiple potentiometric surfaces. Within the upper-most aquifer, thin permeable zones of limited aerial extent may exhibit different flow directions. A large number of specifically screened observation wells completed in each permeable zone may be necessary to yield sufficient data to construct reliable potentiometric maps for assessing contamination migration patterns. The colloidal borescope, developed by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, offers the potential for measuring groundwater flow directions and rates at specified locations within the aquifer with a limited number of observation wells. By observing the movement of naturally occurring particles in the well screen, it is possible to measure groundwater flow directions and velocities at selected depths within the aquifer. The colloidal borescope was used at a large industrial site in Western Kentucky to characterize flow patterns in a clayey-silt aquifer containing numerous sand lenses. Results of the colloidal borescope measurements were compared with existing contaminant plumes and surface hydrologic features to assess the reliability of the measurements. Test results indicate that similar flow directions were observed in the same sand lenses and flow directions were consistent with expected flow directions in areas where surface hydrologic features or industrial features such as water lines and waste water discharges affect the movement of groundwater. Different sand lenses within the aquifer, however, exhibited different flow directions. Based on the results of this investigation, the colloidal borescope offers a low-cost, reliable screening method for groundwater characterization studies. JF - Advances in Environmental Research AU - Kearl, P M AU - Roemer, K AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Grand Junction, CO 81503, USA, e81@ornl.gov Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 12 EP - 23 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1093-0191, 1093-0191 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16465670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+groundwater+flow+directions+in+a+heterogeneous+aquifer+using+the+colloidal+borescope&rft.au=Kearl%2C+P+M%3BRoemer%2C+K&rft.aulast=Kearl&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Environmental+Research&rft.issn=10930191&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Longevity and reproduction of Ceriodaphnia dubia in receiving waters AN - 13615665; 199900464 AB - The results of 2 sets of full life-cycle tests with Ceriodaphnia dubia in which the animals were reared in water from various streams, with and without treatments to manipulate food are presented. The tests determined the relative importance of water quality versus food as factors influencing C. dubia longevity and reproduction and whether longer exposures to low concentrations of contaminant might reveal toxicity not discerned in 7 d tests. C. dubia longevity and reproduction were not changed in the second set of tests even when reared in water from a stream impacted by coal fly-ash or a retention basin containing sediments contaminated with mercury, other metals and polychlorinated biphenyls. The first series of tests indicated that C. dubia longevity and reproduction was reduced by filtering or removing food from the water. Non-filtered, food-augmented water produced 75 per cent as many offspring in C. dubia. In 5 of the 6 full life-cycle tests, lifetime reproduction by C. dubia could not be reliably predicted from reproduction data from the first 7 d of testing. Predictability of lifetime reproduction as a function of test duration differed for the different water types used and the unreliability of extrapolating 7 d test results to longer time-scales was not possible. There are 38 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Stewart, A J AU - Konetsky, B K AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tenn. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 1165 EP - 1171 VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Rearing KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13615665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Longevity+and+reproduction+of+Ceriodaphnia+dubia+in+receiving+waters&rft.au=Stewart%2C+A+J%3BKonetsky%2C+B+K&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanism of pyrene photochemical oxidation in aqueous and surfactant solutions AN - 13610842; 199903208 AB - The mechanism and photoproducts of pyrene photolysis in water and aqueous Brij 35 surfactant solutions were investigated. Two stable products, 1,6- and 1,8-pyrenequinones were formed from both media. A proposed mechanism of photochemical oxidation involving electron transfer is discussed. The quantum yields of pyrene photolysis were decreased by a factor of 2 in the surfactant solution relative to the yields achieved in water. Additional data from fluorescence studies indicated that pyrene resided in the polyoxyethylene portion of the surfactant rather than in the core of the micelle. There are 38 references. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Sigman, ME AU - Schuler, P F AU - Ghosh, M M AU - Dabestani, R T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tenn. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 3980 EP - 3985 VL - 32 IS - 24 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Media KW - Pyrene KW - Quantum yields KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13610842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Mechanism+of+pyrene+photochemical+oxidation+in+aqueous+and+surfactant+solutions&rft.au=Sigman%2C+ME%3BSchuler%2C+P+F%3BGhosh%2C+M+M%3BDabestani%2C+R+T&rft.aulast=Sigman&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=3980&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating alterations to genetic diversity in sunfish populations exposed to contaminants using RAPD assay AN - 13607436; 199903442 AB - The Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was applied to populations of redbreast sunfish (Lepomis auritus) from a contaminated stream to investigate whether the technique could be used to determine genetic differences within a closely-related population and whether RAPD could demonstrate any correlation between genetic diversity within the population and contaminant exposure. Fish were sampled from 4 sites along the East Fork Poplar creek (EFPC). Major contaminants of this watercourse were organics, metals (particularly mercury), ammonia, oil, grease, perchloroethylene and residual chlorine. The band sharing index (BSI) and nucleon diversity index were adapted and applied to the data to determine genetic diversity. Slight within-population differences were detected. The diversity of all populations together differed from the reference populations. The observed differences in genetic distance between populations was attributed to selection pressures of pollutants. Results are discussed in relation to the suitability of the RAPD technique for this application and the recent remediation efforts in the sampling locations. There are 58 references. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Nadig, S G AU - Lee, K L AU - Adams, S M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tenn. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 163 EP - 178 VL - 43 IS - 2/3 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Bsi KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Polymorphs KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13607436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Evaluating+alterations+to+genetic+diversity+in+sunfish+populations+exposed+to+contaminants+using+RAPD+assay&rft.au=Nadig%2C+S+G%3BLee%2C+K+L%3BAdams%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Nadig&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2%2F3&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER -