TY - JOUR T1 - Pyrite ooids in Devonian black shales record intermittent sea-level drop and shallow-water conditions AN - 51813697; 2004-060777 AB - Upper Devonian black shales of the eastern United States contain in places unusual beds of pyrite ooids. Textural and geochemical studies show that these originated as chamositic iron ooids that were replaced by pyrite during early diagenesis. Pyrite mimics the laminated texture of the precursor grain, yet inclusions of silicate minerals and instances of partial replacement reveal the secondary nature of the pyrite. Pyrite ooids occur above erosion surfaces that are considered sequence boundaries because of large lateral extent. Chamositic precursor ooids indicate an oxygenated water column and wave interaction with seafloor sediments at the time of their formation. This scenario agrees with earlier work that stipulates that erosion surfaces in Devonian black shales reflect lowering of sea level that allowed wave reworking and erosion of earlier-deposited black shales. Pyrite ooid beds thus furnish direct evidence of significant sea-level drops during the accumulation of Upper Devonian black shales in eastern North America. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Schieber, Juergen AU - Riciputi, Lee R Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 305 EP - 308 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - shallow-water environment KW - isotopes KW - sedimentary basins KW - erosion features KW - stable isotopes KW - cores KW - black shale KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chamosite KW - Appalachian Basin KW - Indiana KW - Tennessee KW - oolite KW - basins KW - outcrops KW - depositional environment KW - chlorite group KW - ironstone KW - geochemistry KW - Upper Devonian KW - sequence stratigraphy KW - North America KW - Illinois Basin KW - early diagenesis KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - Famennian KW - erosion surfaces KW - textures KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - Eastern U.S. KW - Jackson County Indiana KW - sea-level changes KW - Chattanooga Shale KW - Devonian KW - S-34/S-32 KW - New Albany Shale KW - diagenesis KW - Gassaway Member KW - sulfur KW - sheet silicates KW - pyrite KW - sulfides KW - clastic rocks KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51813697?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Pyrite+ooids+in+Devonian+black+shales+record+intermittent+sea-level+drop+and+shallow-water+conditions&rft.au=Schieber%2C+Juergen%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R&rft.aulast=Schieber&rft.aufirst=Juergen&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FG20202.1 L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachian Basin; basins; black shale; chamosite; Chattanooga Shale; chemically precipitated rocks; chlorite group; clastic rocks; cores; depositional environment; Devonian; diagenesis; early diagenesis; Eastern U.S.; erosion features; erosion surfaces; Famennian; Gassaway Member; geochemistry; Illinois Basin; Indiana; ironstone; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jackson County Indiana; New Albany Shale; North America; oolite; outcrops; Paleozoic; pyrite; S-34/S-32; sea-level changes; sedimentary basins; sedimentary rocks; sequence stratigraphy; shallow-water environment; sheet silicates; silicates; stable isotopes; sulfides; sulfur; Tennessee; textures; United States; Upper Devonian DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G20202.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel Temperature Control Apparatus for Whole Effluent Toxicity Tests AN - 21044514; 5982459 AB - Without abstract. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Kszos, LA AU - Braden, P AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831- 6422, United States Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 692 EP - 696 PB - Springer-Verlag, Life Science Journals, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA, [mailto:orders@springer-ny.com] VL - 72 IS - 4 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Testing Procedures KW - Temperature effects KW - Laboratory equipment KW - Contamination KW - Temperature KW - Toxicity KW - Effluents KW - Toxicity tests KW - Control KW - Temperature Control KW - Bioassays KW - Control systems KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Toxicity testing KW - Toxicology KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21044514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Novel+Temperature+Control+Apparatus+for+Whole+Effluent+Toxicity+Tests&rft.au=Kszos%2C+LA%3BBraden%2C+P&rft.aulast=Kszos&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=692&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00128-004-0300-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Laboratory equipment; Bioassays; Effluents; Toxicity tests; Toxicology; Control; Toxicity; Control systems; Temperature; Toxicity testing; Testing Procedures; Temperature Control; Contamination; Water Pollution Effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-004-0300-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecotoxicity Test Data for Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soil: Plants and Soil-Dwelling Invertebrates AN - 19943643; 6097246 AB - Ecotoxicity benchmarks for petroleum mixtures can be used in a screening- level ecological risk assessment. Data from studies evaluating the toxicity of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) to plants and soil invertebrates were reviewed for possible application to soil benchmark development. Toxicity data included LOAECs; estimated EC25s, EC20s, and LC50s; effective concentrations that caused greater than a 20% level of effect; and NOAECs. The variabilities in petroleum material, chemical analytical methodology, age of hydrocarbon-soil contact, nutrient amendment, and measured effects levels did not permit much meaningful aggregation of the data. Tenth, twenty-fifth, and fiftieth percentiles of toxicity and no-effects data are presented for unaggregated results within studies. Effects on invertebrates often occurred at concentrations of TPH lower than those associated with effects on plants. Lighter mixtures generally were associated with lower ranges of effects concentrations than heavier crude oil. Few aged and non-aged samples were available from the same study, and these did not show obvious trends regarding toxicity. Similarly, the addition of nutrients to promote bioremediation was not observed across studies to alter effective or nontoxic concentrations in a systematic way. Existing toxicity data are not sufficient to establish broadly applicable TPH ecotoxicity screening benchmarks with much confidence, even for specific mixtures. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Efroymson, Rebecca AU - Sample, Bradley AU - Peterson, Mark AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - Apr 2004 SP - 207 EP - 231 PB - CRC Press LLC, 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW Boca Raton FL 33431 USA, [mailto:journals@crcpress.com], [URL:http://www.crcpress.com] VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Bioremediation KW - Nutrients KW - Invertebrates KW - petroleum hydrocarbons KW - invertebrates KW - Soil KW - Oil KW - Crude oil KW - Petroleum KW - Invertebrata KW - Data processing KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Toxicity KW - Reviews KW - Plants KW - Benchmarks KW - Toxicity testing KW - Petroleum hydrocarbons KW - Z 05300:General KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19943643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Ecotoxicity+Test+Data+for+Total+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+in+Soil%3A+Plants+and+Soil-Dwelling+Invertebrates&rft.au=Efroymson%2C+Rebecca%3BSample%2C+Bradley%3BPeterson%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Efroymson&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10807030490438175 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Risk assessment; Soil; Bioremediation; Data processing; Hydrocarbons; Reviews; Petroleum; Nutrients; Toxicity; Invertebrates; petroleum hydrocarbons; invertebrates; Crude oil; Plants; Benchmarks; Toxicity testing; Petroleum hydrocarbons; Invertebrata DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10807030490438175 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of a miniature biochip using the molecular beacon probe in breast cancer gene BRCA1 detection AN - 17888844; 5856400 AB - We report for the first time the application of a biochip using the molecular beacon (MB) detection scheme. The usability of this biochip novel detection system for the analysis of the breast cancer gene BRCA1 is demonstrated using molecular beacon probes. The MB is designed for the BRCA1 gene and a miniature biochip system is used for detection. The performance of the biochip-MB detection system is evaluated. The optimum conditions for the MB system for highest fluorescence detection sensitivity are investigated for the detection system. The detection of BRCA1 gene is successfully demonstrated in solution and the limit of detection (LOD) is estimated as 70 nM. JF - Biosensors & Bioelectronics AU - Culha, M AU - Stokes, D L AU - Griffin, G D AU - Vo-Dinh, T AD - Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Life Science Division, Bethel Valley Road, MS-6101, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA, vodinht@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - Apr 2004 SP - 1007 EP - 1012 PB - Elsevier Advanced Technology, 660 White Plains Rd. Tarrytown NY 10591-5153 USA VL - 19 IS - 9 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biosensors KW - Fluorescence KW - biochips KW - BRCA1 gene KW - Breast cancer KW - W4 130:General Biomedical Engineering: Tools & Techniques KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33130:Genetic based (PCR, etc.) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17888844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.atitle=Application+of+a+miniature+biochip+using+the+molecular+beacon+probe+in+breast+cancer+gene+BRCA1+detection&rft.au=Culha%2C+M%3BStokes%2C+D+L%3BGriffin%2C+G+D%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T&rft.aulast=Culha&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1007&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bios.2003.09.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BRCA1 gene; Breast cancer; Fluorescence; biochips; Biosensors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2003.09.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implantable sensor for blood flow monitoring after transplant surgery AN - 17352938; 6418354 AB - A limited number of techniques are employed in clinical medicine for regional tissue perfusion assessment. These methods are marginally effective and are not well suited for implantation due to the inability to miniaturize the associated technologies. Consequently, no standardized techniques exist for real-time, continuous monitoring of organ perfusion following transplantation. In this paper, a brief overview of the relevant clinical techniques employed for regional tissue perfusion assessment is given with particular emphasis on post-surgical monitoring of transplanted organs. The ideal characteristics for a perfusion monitoring system are discussed and the development of a new, completely implanted local tissue monitoring system is summarized. In vivo and in vitro data are presented that establish the efficacy of this new technology, which is a photonics-based sensor system uniquely suited for continuous tissue monitoring and real-time data reporting. The suitablity of this sensor technology for miniaturization, which enables implantation for monitoring localized tissue perfusion, is discussed. JF - Minimally Invasive Therapy & Allied Technologies AU - Ericson, M N AU - Wilson, MA AU - Cote, G L AU - Baba, J S AU - Xu, W AU - Bobrek, M AU - Britton, CL AU - Hileman AU - Moore, M R AU - Emery AU - Lenarduzzi, R AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN USA Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - Apr 2004 SP - 87 EP - 94 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 1364-5706, 1364-5706 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W4 230:Biosensors, Bioelectronics & Bioindicators KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17352938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Minimally+Invasive+Therapy+%26+Allied+Technologies&rft.atitle=Implantable+sensor+for+blood+flow+monitoring+after+transplant+surgery&rft.au=Ericson%2C+M+N%3BWilson%2C+MA%3BCote%2C+G+L%3BBaba%2C+J+S%3BXu%2C+W%3BBobrek%2C+M%3BBritton%2C+CL%3BHileman%3BMoore%2C+M+R%3BEmery%3BLenarduzzi%2C+R&rft.aulast=Ericson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Minimally+Invasive+Therapy+%26+Allied+Technologies&rft.issn=13645706&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F13645700410027866 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13645700410027866 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Performance of chloroperoxidase stabilization in mesoporous sol-gel glass using In situ glucose oxidase peroxide generation AN - 860390021; 13858099 AB - A unique mesoporous sol-gel glass possessing a highly ordered porous structure (with three pore sizes of about 50, 150, and 200 Aa diameter) was used as a support material for immobilization of the enzyme chloroperoxidase (CPO). CPO was bound onto the glass via a bifunctional ligand, trimethoxysilylpropanal. In situ production of the cosubstrate, H sub(2)O sub(2), was achieved using glucose oxidase. Solvent stability in acetonitrile mixtures was enhanced when a pore size larger than the size of CPO was used (i.e., 200) Aa From these results, it appears that the glass-enzyme complex developed through the present work can be used as high-performance biocatalysts for various chemical-processing applications, particularly in harsh conditions. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Borole, Abhijeet AU - Dai, Sheng AU - Cheng, Catherine L AU - Rodriguez, Miguel AU - Davison, Brian H AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, 37831-6226, Oak Ridge, TN, borolea@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 273 EP - 285 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 113 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Glucose oxidase KW - Pores KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - biocatalysts KW - Solvents KW - Enzymes KW - Acetonitrile KW - Immobilization KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860390021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Performance+of+chloroperoxidase+stabilization+in+mesoporous+sol-gel+glass+using+In+situ+glucose+oxidase+peroxide+generation&rft.au=Borole%2C+Abhijeet%3BDai%2C+Sheng%3BCheng%2C+Catherine+L%3BRodriguez%2C+Miguel%3BDavison%2C+Brian+H&rft.aulast=Borole&rft.aufirst=Abhijeet&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A113%3A1-3%3A273 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Glucose oxidase; Pores; Hydrogen peroxide; biocatalysts; Solvents; Enzymes; Acetonitrile; Immobilization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:113:1-3:273 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory stabilizations/solidification of tank sludges: MVST/BVEST. AN - 71745561; 15036693 AB - Oak Ridge tank sludges that have been collected over several decades are being combined for treatment and disposal. Stabilization of the highly radioactive, mixed-waste sludges in the different tank sets has been evaluated prior to the proposed combination and treatment. This paper documents the testing of a Melton Valley Storage Tank (MVST)/Bethel Valley Evaporator Storage Tank set. Subsequent papers will discuss continued work on other tank sets and efforts to maximize the sludge loading. Grout formulations were tested in the laboratory both with a surrogate and with a sample of an actual mixed waste tank sludge from MVST W-25. Wet-sludge loadings of 50-60wt% resulted in strong wasteforms with no free water and gave a volume increase of about 40-50vol%. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) metals included in the surrogate testing were cadmium, chromium, lead, selenium, thallium, and mercury. The actual sludge sample was only characteristically hazardous for mercury by the Toxic Characteristic Leaching Procedure but exceeded the Universal Treatment Standard (UTS) limit for chromium. The grout formulations stabilized these two RCRA metals within UTS limits. In addition, a grout leachability index of about 9.0-10.0 was measured for both (85)Sr and (137)Cs, meeting the recommended requirement of >6.0. JF - Journal of environmental management AU - Spence, R D AU - Mattus, A J AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6202, USA. spencerd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 189 EP - 202 VL - 70 IS - 3 SN - 0301-4797, 0301-4797 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Metals, Heavy KW - Radioactive Pollutants KW - Radioactive Waste KW - Thallium KW - AD84R52XLF KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Thallium -- isolation & purification KW - Thallium -- analysis KW - Nuclear Physics KW - Laboratories KW - Facility Design and Construction KW - Metals, Heavy -- isolation & purification KW - Metals, Heavy -- analysis KW - Radioactive Pollutants -- analysis KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid -- methods KW - Hazardous Substances -- analysis KW - Conservation of Natural Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71745561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.atitle=Laboratory+stabilizations%2Fsolidification+of+tank+sludges%3A+MVST%2FBVEST.&rft.au=Spence%2C+R+D%3BMattus%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Spence&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.issn=03014797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-01 N1 - Date created - 2004-03-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial Diversity and Heterogeneity in Sandy Subsurface Soils AN - 19940055; 5857331 AB - Microbial community diversity and heterogeneity in saturated and unsaturated subsurface soils from Abbott's Pit in Virginia (1.57, 3.25, and 4.05 m below surface) and Dover Air Force Base in Delaware (6.00 and 7.50 m below surface) were analyzed using a culture-independent small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene (rDNA)- based cloning approach. Four to six dominant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified in 33 to 100 unique SSU rDNA clones (constituting about 40 to 50% of the total number of SSU rDNA clones in the clone library) from the saturated subsurface samples, whereas no dominant OTUs were observed in the unsaturated subsurface sample. Less than 10% of the clones among samples from different depths at the same location were identical, and the proportion of overlapping OTUs was lower for the samples that were vertically far apart than for adjacent samples. In addition, no OTUs were shared between the Abbott's Pit and Dover samples. The majority of the clones (80%) had sequences that were less than 5% different from those in the current databases. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that most of the bacterial clones were affiliated with members of the Proteobacteria family (90%), gram-positive bacteria (3%), and members of the Acidobacteria family (3%). Principal component analysis revealed that samples from different geographic locations were well separated and that samples from the same location were closely grouped together. In addition, the nonsaturated subsurface samples from Abbott's Pit clustered together and were well separated from the saturated subsurface soil sample. Finally, the overall diversity of the subsurface samples was much lower than that of the corresponding surface soil samples. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Zhou, J AU - Xia, B AU - Huang, H AU - Palumbo, A V AU - Tiedje, J M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - Mar 2004 SP - 1723 EP - 1734 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 70 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - SSU rRNA KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Phylogeny KW - Acidobacteria KW - Geographical distribution KW - Soils (sandy) KW - Gram-positive bacteria KW - Biodiversity KW - USA, Virginia KW - Biomass KW - Proteobacteria KW - Soil microorganisms KW - Soil KW - rRNA KW - Databases KW - Principal components analysis KW - Soils KW - Taxonomy KW - Geographical variations KW - Heterogeneity KW - USA, Delaware KW - J 02901:Soil and plants KW - D 04600:Soil KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19940055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Microbial+Diversity+and+Heterogeneity+in+Sandy+Subsurface+Soils&rft.au=Zhou%2C+J%3BXia%2C+B%3BHuang%2C+H%3BPalumbo%2C+A+V%3BTiedje%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1723&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.70.3.1723-1734.2004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Soils (sandy); Geographical distribution; Gram-positive bacteria; Biodiversity; Biomass; Soil microorganisms; Soil; Databases; rRNA; Principal components analysis; Soils; Taxonomy; Geographical variations; Heterogeneity; Acidobacteria; Proteobacteria; USA, Virginia; USA, Delaware DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.3.1723-1734.2004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prospects for enhancing carbon sequestration and reclamation of degraded lands with fossil-fuel combustion by-products AN - 16170228; 5827676 AB - Concern for the potential global change consequences of increasing atmospheric CO sub(2) has prompted interest in the development of mechanisms to reduce or stabilize atmospheric CO sub(2). During the next several decades, a program focused on terrestrial sequestration processes could make a significant contribution to abating CO sub(2) increases. The reclamation of degraded lands, such as mine-spoil sites, highway rights-of-way, and poorly managed lands, represents an opportunity to couple C sequestration with the use of fossil-fuel and energy by-products and other waste material, such as biosolids and organic wastes from human and animal sewage treatment facilities, to improve soil quality. Degraded lands are often characterized by acidic pH, low levels of key nutrients, poor soil structure, and limited moisture-retention capacity. Much is known about the methods to improve these soils, but the cost of implementation is often a limiting factor. However, the additional financial and environmental benefits of C sequestration may change the economics of land reclamation activities. The addition of energy-related by-products can address the adverse conditions of these degraded lands through a variety of mechanisms, such as enhancing plant growth and capturing of organic C in long-lived soil C pools. This review examines the use of fossil-fuel combustion by-products and organic amendments to enhance C sequestration and identifies the key gaps in information that still must be addressed before these methods can be implemented on an environmentally meaningful scale. JF - Advances in Environmental Research AU - Palumbo, A V AU - McCarthy, J F AU - Amonette, JE AU - Fisher, L S AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Daniels, W L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, palumboav@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - Mar 2004 SP - 425 EP - 438 VL - 8 IS - 3-4 SN - 1093-0191, 1093-0191 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Degraded lands KW - Fossil-fuel by-products KW - Soil organic matter KW - Land restoration KW - Environmental degradation KW - Fossil fuels KW - Combustion products KW - Nutrients KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Soil moisture KW - Land reclamation KW - Land use KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16170228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Prospects+for+enhancing+carbon+sequestration+and+reclamation+of+degraded+lands+with+fossil-fuel+combustion+by-products&rft.au=Palumbo%2C+A+V%3BMcCarthy%2C+J+F%3BAmonette%2C+JE%3BFisher%2C+L+S%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BDaniels%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Palumbo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Environmental+Research&rft.issn=10930191&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1093-0191%2802%2900124-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental degradation; Carbon sequestration; Fossil fuels; Combustion products; Nutrients; Soil moisture; Carbon dioxide; Land reclamation; Land use DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1093-0191(02)00124-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional establishment of introduced chlorobenzoate degraders following bioaugmentation with newly activated soil. Enhanced contaminant remediation via activated soil bioaugmentation. AN - 80175880; 14971859 AB - Introduced degraders often do not survive when applied to polluted sites; however, the potential for successful bioaugmentation may be increased if newly activated soil (containing indigenous degrader populations recently exposed to the contaminant) or potentially active soil (containing indigenous degrader populations not previously exposed to the contaminant) is used as the inoculant. To investigate this concept, Madera and Oversite soils were amended with 0 or 500 micrograms of 2-, 3-, or 4-chlorobenzoate per gram soil. The Madera degraded 2-chlorobenzoate while the Oversite degraded 3- and 4-chlorobenzoate. After 22 days of incubation, non-active soils that had not degraded chlorobenzoate were bioaugmented with the appropriate activated soil that had been exposed to and degraded chlorobenzoate. Thus, Oversite soil that had not degraded 2-chlorobenzoate was bioaugmented with Madera soil that had degraded 2-chlorobenzoate. Likewise, Madera soil that had not degraded 3- or 4-chlorobenzoate was bioaugmented with the Oversite soil that had degraded 3- or 4-chlorobenzoate. Additionally, the non-active soils were bioaugmented with the corresponding potentially active soils. The Oversite soil amended with activated Madera soil degraded the 2-chlorobenzoate within 3 days of bioaugmentation. The Madera soil amended with activated Oversite soils degraded the 3- and 4-chlorobenzoate within 20 and 6 days, respectively. Large degrader populations developed in microcosms bioaugmented with activated soil, and shifts in the 3- and 4-CB degrader community structures occurred following bioaugmentation. In contrast, bioaugmentation with potentially active soil did not impact degradation. The results indicate the potential for bioaugmentation with newly activated soil to enhance contaminant degradation. JF - Biodegradation AU - Gentry, Terry J AU - Josephson, Karen L AU - Pepper, Ian L AD - University of Arizona, Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, 429 Shantz Building, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. gentrytj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 67 EP - 75 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0923-9820, 0923-9820 KW - Chlorobenzoates KW - 0 KW - DNA, Fungal KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Soil KW - Index Medicus KW - DNA, Fungal -- analysis KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Environmental Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Fungi -- metabolism KW - Chlorobenzoates -- metabolism KW - Fungi -- isolation & purification KW - Fungi -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80175880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biodegradation&rft.atitle=Functional+establishment+of+introduced+chlorobenzoate+degraders+following+bioaugmentation+with+newly+activated+soil.+Enhanced+contaminant+remediation+via+activated+soil+bioaugmentation.&rft.au=Gentry%2C+Terry+J%3BJosephson%2C+Karen+L%3BPepper%2C+Ian+L&rft.aulast=Gentry&rft.aufirst=Terry&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biodegradation&rft.issn=09239820&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-10-18 N1 - Date created - 2004-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Grain boundaries as reservoirs of incompatible elements in the Earth's mantle AN - 51663013; 2005-075594 AB - Intergranular boundaries in igneous rocks are commonly regarded as possible sinks for trace element impurities, and attributed to secondary processes including contamination through melts, aqueous or gaseous permeation. A thermodynamic model describing migration to grain boundaries, in rocks representing the Earth's mantle is examined experimentally, and details are presented. Olivine, olivine + 10% /vol. anorthite, and olivine + 10% /vol. diopside were synthesized, with hot pressing at 1473 K and 300 MPa for up to 7 hr, and annealed at up to 1523 K for 250 hr at 1 atm with fO (sub 2) near the Ni/NiO buffer, followed by quenching. EPMA of the minerals and intergranular boundaries are presented and ilustrated with an HREM image and diffraction pattern. The results show that elemental partitioning between the olivine interior and grain boundaries can be modelled thermodynamically by equilibrium grain-boundary segregation, and that these boundaries may store incompatible elements selectively extracted in the Earth's mantle. JF - Nature (London) AU - Hiraga, Takehiko AU - Anderson, Ian M AU - Kohlstedt, David L Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 699 EP - 703 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 427 IS - 6976 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - silicates KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - mantle KW - phase transitions KW - olivine group KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - electron probe data KW - laboratory studies KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - olivine KW - orthosilicates KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - P-T conditions KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - electron microscopy data KW - high pressure KW - TEM data KW - nesosilicates KW - geodynamics KW - metals KW - high temperature KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51663013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Grain+boundaries+as+reservoirs+of+incompatible+elements+in+the+Earth%27s+mantle&rft.au=Hiraga%2C+Takehiko%3BAnderson%2C+Ian+M%3BKohlstedt%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Hiraga&rft.aufirst=Takehiko&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=427&rft.issue=6976&rft.spage=699&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature+02259 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; calcium; chemical reactions; electron microscopy data; electron probe data; experimental studies; geochemistry; geodynamics; high pressure; high temperature; laboratory studies; magnesium; mantle; metals; mineral composition; nesosilicates; numerical models; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; P-T conditions; phase transitions; pressure; silicates; simulation; TEM data; temperature; thermodynamic properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 3D processing and visualization of 3D magnetic data AN - 50882162; 2005-044597 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Gamey, T Jeffrey AU - Doll, William E AU - Emond, Abraham M AU - Beard, Les P AU - Allred, Barry Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 1368 EP - 1379 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2004 KW - Global Positioning System KW - technology KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - magnetic methods KW - simulation KW - computer programs KW - visualization KW - electromagnetic methods KW - applications KW - accuracy KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50882162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=3D+processing+and+visualization+of+3D+magnetic+data&rft.au=Gamey%2C+T+Jeffrey%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BEmond%2C+Abraham+M%3BBeard%2C+Les+P%3BAllred%2C+Barry&rft.aulast=Gamey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=2004&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1368&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; applications; computer programs; data processing; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; Global Positioning System; magnetic methods; simulation; technology; three-dimensional models; visualization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic tomographic imaging of buried karst features AN - 50881835; 2005-044576 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Carpenter, Philip J AU - Breuer, Eduard AU - Higuera-Diaz, I Camilo AU - Thompson, Michael D AU - Sheehan, Jacob R AU - Doll, William E AU - Mandell, Wayne AU - Allred, Barry Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 1114 EP - 1124 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2004 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - imagery KW - geophysical surveys KW - karst hydrology KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - karst KW - Christian County Kentucky KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - computer programs KW - case studies KW - Fort Campbell Army Airfield KW - sinkholes KW - surveys KW - Kentucky KW - military facilities KW - solution features KW - buried features KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50881835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Seismic+tomographic+imaging+of+buried+karst+features&rft.au=Carpenter%2C+Philip+J%3BBreuer%2C+Eduard%3BHiguera-Diaz%2C+I+Camilo%3BThompson%2C+Michael+D%3BSheehan%2C+Jacob+R%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BMandell%2C+Wayne%3BAllred%2C+Barry&rft.aulast=Carpenter&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=2004&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - buried features; case studies; Christian County Kentucky; computer programs; data processing; Fort Campbell Army Airfield; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; imagery; karst; karst hydrology; Kentucky; military facilities; models; seismic methods; sinkholes; solution features; surveys; tomography; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of MASW and refraction tomography AN - 50881187; 2005-044619 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Sheehan, Jacob R AU - Doll, William E AU - Mandell, Wayne AU - Allred, Barry Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 1611 EP - 1621 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2004 KW - tomography KW - seismograms KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - Poisson's ratio KW - geophysical surveys KW - guided waves KW - geophysical methods KW - mathematical models KW - elastic waves KW - elastic constants KW - refraction methods KW - seismic methods KW - surface waves KW - synthetic seismograms KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - applications KW - seismic waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50881187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+MASW+and+refraction+tomography&rft.au=Sheehan%2C+Jacob+R%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BMandell%2C+Wayne%3BAllred%2C+Barry&rft.aulast=Sheehan&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=2004&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1611&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; body waves; elastic constants; elastic waves; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; guided waves; mathematical models; P-waves; Poisson's ratio; refraction methods; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; seismograms; surface waves; surveys; synthetic seismograms; tomography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and Application of Protocols for the Determination of Response of Real-Time Particle Monitors to Common Indoor Aerosols AN - 20628580; 6261179 AB - Protocols have been developed and applied for the generation of aerosols that are likely to be comparable to those encountered in field settings for the calibration of easily transportable/portable real-time particle monitors. Aerosols generated were simulated environmental tobacco smoke, cedar wood smoke, cooking oil fumes, and propane stove particles. The time-integrated responses of three nephelometers and a monitor for particle-bound polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were compared with gravimetric respirable suspended particulate matter (RSP) in a controlled-atmosphere chamber. In general, the monitor responses increased linearly with increasing mass concentration. However, the two monitors that reported mass per volume concentrations tended to overreport the actual RSP concentrations by factors up to 4.4. The real-time PAH monitor did not respond to cooking oil fumes, indicative of little PAH being present in the aerosol. One of the monitors that has been used in a variety of studies reported in the literature (DustTrak) was collocated with gravimetric RSP samplers in several hospitality venues in the Louisville, KY, area. Field studies indicated that the units overreported actual RSP concentrations by factors of 2.6-3.1, depending on whether the sampling was conducted in the nonsmoking or smoking sections of the facilities. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Jenkins, R A AU - Ilgner, R H AU - Tomkins, BA AU - Peters, D W AD - Environmental Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - Feb 2004 VL - 54 IS - 2 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - cooking oil KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Smoke KW - Aerosols KW - Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Fumes KW - Passive smoking KW - Wood KW - Particulates KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - Indoor environments KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20628580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Development+and+Application+of+Protocols+for+the+Determination+of+Response+of+Real-Time+Particle+Monitors+to+Common+Indoor+Aerosols&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+R+A%3BIlgner%2C+R+H%3BTomkins%2C+BA%3BPeters%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons; Aerosols; Passive smoking; Fumes; Wood; Suspended particulate matter; Particulates; Indoor environments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fugitive mercury emissions from a chlor-alkali factory: sources and fluxes to the atmosphere AN - 16169632; 5890918 AB - During winter 2000, a multi-organization research team assessed fugitive (non-stack) mercury air emissions at a chlor-alkali factory in the US using a variety of sophisticated mercury vapor analyzers to assess fugitive air emissions of mercury. The team obtained mercury data over a 9-day period from inside the factory, with the first known concurrent awareness of manufacturing operations. Emissions were measured from the roof vent, the open-sided basement below the production cells, and from surrounding soils and sealed waste ponds. Some emphasis was also placed on assessing the spatial distribution of Hg concentrations within an operating cell room. The team used real-time and near- real-time Hg analyzers including a Tekran 5-min integrated sampler modified for cell-room use, Lumex RA915+ and Jerome 431-X portable Hg analyzers, and a long- path integrating DOAS system for gaseous elemental Hg, coupled with an optical anemometer for measuring vent-averaged air flow rates. The integrated beam (DOAS) and point measurements of Hg degree compared favorably. One principal finding is that fugitive air emissions from the cell-room roof vent are episodic and vary with factory operating conditions (maintenance and minor operational perturbations). Therefore, air emissions are likely to vary widely among factories on a worldwide basis, in accordance with operating procedures followed at each. Properly positioned, real-time mercury vapor analyzers are potentially valuable tools to locate small-scale process leaks, and to estimate overall emissions from the cell-room building. A preliminary estimate of daily fugitive Hg emissions during this period ( similar to 400-600 g d super(-1)) indicated that the bulk of the atmospheric loss was emitted from the roof vent of the main production building. Sealed waste ponds were not important sources, emitting Hg at rates comparable to background soils. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Southworth, G R AU - Lindberg, SE AU - Zhang, H AU - Anscombe AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Science Division Building, 1505 MS 6036, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, southworthgr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - Feb 2004 SP - 597 EP - 611 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - chlor-alkali factories KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Atmospheric emissions monitoring KW - Mercury fluxes KW - Chlor-alkali KW - Mercury sources KW - Factories KW - Atmospheric pollution sources KW - Ventilation KW - Mercury emissions KW - Emission measurements KW - Mercury KW - Atmospheric pollution emission KW - Flow rates KW - Industrial emissions KW - Industrial atmospheric pollution KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16169632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Fugitive+mercury+emissions+from+a+chlor-alkali+factory%3A+sources+and+fluxes+to+the+atmosphere&rft.au=Southworth%2C+G+R%3BLindberg%2C+SE%3BZhang%2C+H%3BAnscombe&rft.aulast=Southworth&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2003.09.057 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution sources; Mercury emissions; Atmospheric pollution emission; Industrial atmospheric pollution; Factories; Ventilation; Emission measurements; Mercury; Industrial emissions; Flow rates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.057 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glucose Biosensor Based on the Microcantilever AN - 18002280; 5937008 AB - Diagnosis and management of diabetes require quantitative and selective detection of blood glucose levels. We report a technique for micromechanical detection of biologically relevant glucose concentrations by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto a microcantilever surface. Microfabricated cantilevers have traditionally found utility in atomic force microscope imaging. During the past decade, however, microcantilevers have been increasingly used as transducers in chemical-sensing systems. This paper describes the combination of this technology with enzyme specificity to construct a highly selective glucose biosensor. The enzyme-functionalized microcantilever undergoes bending due to a change in surface stress induced by the reaction between glucose in solution and the GOx immobilized on the cantilever surface. Experiments were carried out under flow conditions. The common interferences for glucose detection in other detection schemes have been tested and have shown to have no effect on the measurement of blood glucose level by this technique. JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington) AU - Pei, J AU - Tian, F AU - Thundat, T AD - Life Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6123, USA Y1 - 2004/01/14/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jan 14 SP - 292 EP - 297 VL - 76 IS - 2 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Diabetes mellitus KW - Biosensors KW - Glucose KW - W4 230:Biosensors, Bioelectronics & Bioindicators KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18002280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Glucose+Biosensor+Based+on+the+Microcantilever&rft.au=Pei%2C+J%3BTian%2C+F%3BThundat%2C+T&rft.aulast=Pei&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-01-14&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fac035048k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biosensors; Glucose; Diabetes mellitus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac035048k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A biokinetic model for carbon dioxide and bicarbonate. AN - 71734977; 15031442 AB - A systemic biokinetic model is presented for radiocarbon taken into the body as carbon dioxide or bicarbonate. Parameter values describing retention and excretion of carbon during the first few weeks after administration are based on studies of the fate of radiocarbon in human subjects after injection of labelled bicarbonate or inhalation of carbon dioxide. Data on laboratory animals administered labelled bicarbonate, carbonate or carbon dioxide provide information on the tissue distribution and long-term retention of carbon. Model predictions of the time-dependent distribution and retention of carbon differ considerably from those of models recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Leggett, R W AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. rwl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 203 EP - 213 VL - 108 IS - 3 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Carbon Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Radiopharmaceuticals KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Sodium Bicarbonate KW - 8MDF5V39QO KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Administration, Oral KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- pharmacokinetics KW - Computer Simulation KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- administration & dosage KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Body Burden KW - Humans KW - Metabolic Clearance Rate KW - Organ Specificity KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Internationality KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- analysis KW - Risk Factors KW - Kinetics KW - Sodium Bicarbonate -- administration & dosage KW - Carbon Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carbon Dioxide -- administration & dosage KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Carbon Radioisotopes -- administration & dosage KW - Carbon Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Carbon Dioxide -- pharmacokinetics KW - Whole-Body Counting -- methods KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Models, Biological KW - Sodium Bicarbonate -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71734977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=A+biokinetic+model+for+carbon+dioxide+and+bicarbonate.&rft.au=Leggett%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-11-02 N1 - Date created - 2004-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen isotope zoning profiles in hydrothermally altered feldspars; estimating the duration of water-rock interaction AN - 51891205; 2004-014668 AB - The characterization of intragrain mineralogical and isotopic zoning patterns provides the basis for estimating the duration of fluid-rock interaction associated with mineral replacement reactions. In the Rico, Colorado, hydrothermal system, oxygen isotope ratios in reaction rims on partially reacted plagioclase feldspar exhibit some of the largest gradients yet reported for individual grains (to 15 ppm). The extent of rim formation and accompanying isotopic exchange vary across the system as a function of temperature, fluid isotope composition, and the local fluid/rock ratio. Distal feldspars show narrow rims with (super 18) O enrichments relative to pristine feldspars. Feldspars intermediate or proximal to the system's center have wide reaction rims or are completely exchanged and show (super 18) O depletions. Formation times of reaction rims and associated isotopic patterns have been estimated with a coupled reaction-diffusion model that suggests that hotter ( approximately 250-350 degrees C) hydrothermal circulation was active for approximately 100-300 k.y. in the center part of the system, perhaps only while the igneous heat engine was still magma. Cooler ( approximately 150-200 degrees C) circulation was widespread, lasting for >1000 k.y. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Cole, David R AU - Larson, Peter B AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Mora, Claudia I Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 29 EP - 32 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - metasomatism KW - stable isotopes KW - water-rock interaction KW - San Juan County Colorado KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - zoning KW - plagioclase KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - isotope ratios KW - mineral-water interface KW - Silverton Colorado KW - San Juan volcanic field KW - albite KW - O-18/O-16 KW - reaction rims KW - Colorado KW - feldspar group KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51891205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Oxygen+isotope+zoning+profiles+in+hydrothermally+altered+feldspars%3B+estimating+the+duration+of+water-rock+interaction&rft.au=Cole%2C+David+R%3BLarson%2C+Peter+B%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BMora%2C+Claudia+I&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FG19881.1 L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - With GSA Data Repository Item 2004003 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - albite; Colorado; diffusion; experimental studies; feldspar group; framework silicates; geochemistry; hydrothermal alteration; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; mass spectra; metasomatism; mineral-water interface; O-18/O-16; oxygen; plagioclase; reaction rims; San Juan County Colorado; San Juan volcanic field; silicates; Silverton Colorado; spectra; stable isotopes; United States; water-rock interaction; zoning DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G19881.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An application of Bayesian inverse methods to vertical deconvolution of hydraulic conductivity in a heterogeneous aquifer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory AN - 51836752; 2004-047783 JF - Mathematical Geology AU - Fienen, Michael N AU - Kitanidis, Peter K AU - Watson, David AU - Jardine, Philip Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 101 EP - 126 PB - Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers [for the] International Association for Mathematical Geology, New York-London VL - 36 IS - 1 SN - 0882-8121, 0882-8121 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hydrology KW - geophysical surveys KW - Bayesian analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - inverse problem KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - deconvolution KW - Tennessee KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - applications KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - algorithms KW - heterogeneity KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51836752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathematical+Geology&rft.atitle=An+application+of+Bayesian+inverse+methods+to+vertical+deconvolution+of+hydraulic+conductivity+in+a+heterogeneous+aquifer+at+Oak+Ridge+National+Laboratory&rft.au=Fienen%2C+Michael+N%3BKitanidis%2C+Peter+K%3BWatson%2C+David%3BJardine%2C+Philip&rft.aulast=Fienen&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mathematical+Geology&rft.issn=08828121&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/app/home/journal.asp?wasp=b408f16fc4da4b01a4296f132139c809&referrer=parent&backto=browsepublicationsresults,1625,2444; LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MATGED N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Anderson County Tennessee; applications; aquifers; Bayesian analysis; bioremediation; deconvolution; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; heterogeneity; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; inverse problem; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; remediation; statistical analysis; surveys; Tennessee; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of elevated CO (sub 2) on nutrient cycling in a sweetgum plantation AN - 51780906; 2004-083954 AB - The effects of elevated CO (sub 2) on nutrient cycling and selected belowground processes in the closed-canopy sweetgum plantation were assessed as part of a free-air CO (sub 2) enrichment (FACE) experiment at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. We hypothesized that nitrogen (N) constraints to growth response to elevated CO (sub 2) would be mitigated primarily by reduced tissue concentrations (resulting in increased biomass production per unit uptake) rather than increased uptake. Conversely, we hypothesized that the constraints of other nutrients to growth response to elevated CO (sub 2) would be mitigated primarily by increased uptake because of adequate soil supplies. The first hypothesis was not supported: although elevated CO (sub 2) caused reduced foliar N concentrations, it also resulted in increased uptake and requirement of N, primarily because of greater root turnover. The additional N uptake with elevated CO (sub 2) constituted between 10 and 40% of the estimated soil mineralizeable N pool. The second hypothesis was largely supported: elevated CO (sub 2) had no significant effects on tissue concentrations of P, K, Ca, or Mg and caused significantly increased uptake and requirement of K, Ca, and Mg. Soil exchangeable pools of these nutrients are large and should pose no constraint to continued growth responses. Elevated CO (sub 2) also caused increased microbial biomass, reduced N leaching and increased P leaching from O horizons (measured by resin lysimeters), reduced soil solution NH (super +) 4, SO (super 2-) 4, and Ca (super 2+) concentrations, and increased soil solution pH. There were no statistically significant treatment effects on soil nutrient availability as measured by resin capsules, resin stakes, or in situ incubations. Despite significantly lower litterfall N concentrations in the elevated CO (sub 2) treatment, there were no significant treatment effects on translocation or forest floor biomass or nutrient contents. There were also no significant treatment effects on the rate of decomposition of fine roots. In general, the effects of elevated CO (sub 2) on nutrient cycling in this study were not large; future constraints on growth responses imposed by N limitations will depend on changes in N demand, atmospheric N deposition, and soil mineralization rates. JF - Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) AU - Johnson, D W AU - Cheng, W AU - Joslin, J D AU - Norby, R J AU - Edwards, N T AU - Todd, D E, Jr Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 379 EP - 403 PB - Nijhoff/Junk, Dordrecht-Boston-Lancaster VL - 69 IS - 3 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - United States KW - resins KW - biomass KW - Hamamelidaceae KW - enrichment KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - nitrogen KW - carbon dioxide KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - Magnoliophyta KW - Liquidambar KW - Tennessee KW - Tracheobionta KW - Hamamelidales KW - lysimeters KW - pH KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - forests KW - concentration KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - fines KW - statistical analysis KW - agriculture KW - geochemical cycle KW - nutrients KW - Hamamelidae KW - leaching KW - microorganisms KW - Magnoliopsida KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51780906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+elevated+CO+%28sub+2%29+on+nutrient+cycling+in+a+sweetgum+plantation&rft.au=Johnson%2C+D+W%3BCheng%2C+W%3BJoslin%2C+J+D%3BNorby%2C+R+J%3BEdwards%2C+N+T%3BTodd%2C+D+E%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100244/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from PASCAL, Institute de l'Information Scientifique et Technique, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; biomass; carbon dioxide; concentration; ecosystems; enrichment; experimental studies; fines; forests; geochemical cycle; Hamamelidaceae; Hamamelidae; Hamamelidales; leaching; Liquidambar; lysimeters; Magnoliophyta; Magnoliopsida; microorganisms; nitrogen; nutrients; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pH; Plantae; resins; Roane County Tennessee; soils; statistical analysis; Tennessee; Tracheobionta; United States; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the surface complexation of calcium at the rutile-water interface to 250 degrees C AN - 51745830; 2005-018615 AB - The adsorption behavior of metal-(hydr)oxide surfaces can be described and rationalized using a variety of surface complexation models. However, these models do not uniquely describe experimental data unless some additional insight into actual binding mechanisms for a given system is available. This paper presents the results of applying the MUlti SIte Complexation or MUSIC model, coupled with a Stern-based three layer description of the electric double layer, to Ca (super 2+) adsorption data on rutile surfaces from 25 to 250 degrees C in 0.03 and 0.30 m NaCl background electrolyte. Model results reveal that the tetradentate adsorption configuration found for Sr (super 2+) adsorbed on the rutile (110) surface in the in situ X-ray standing wave experiments of provides a good fit to all Ca (super 2+) adsorption data. Furthermore, it is also shown that equally good fits result from other plausible adsorption complexes, including various monodentate and bidentate adsorption configurations. These results amply demonstrate the utility of in situ spectroscopic data to constrain surface complexation modeling, and the ability of the MUSIC model approach to accommodate this spectroscopic information. Moreover, this is the first use of any surface complexation model to describe multivalent ion adsorption systematically into the hydrothermal regime. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Palmer, Donald A Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 239 EP - 251 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 68 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - calcium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - complexing KW - mineral-water interface KW - electrolytes KW - adsorption KW - layered materials KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - rutile KW - MUSIC model KW - theoretical models KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - MUlti SIte Complexation KW - chemical fractionation KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51745830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+surface+complexation+of+calcium+at+the+rutile-water+interface+to+250+degrees+C&rft.au=Ridley%2C+Moira+K%3BMachesky%2C+Michael+L%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900420-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkaline earth metals; calcium; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; complexing; electrolytes; geochemistry; layered materials; metals; mineral-water interface; MUlti SIte Complexation; MUSIC model; oxides; rutile; spectra; theoretical models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00420-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the bioaccesibility of Cr and Cd in soil AN - 51557060; 2006-064078 JF - Soil & Sediment Contamination AU - Stewart, Melanie A AU - Jardine, P AU - Mehlhorn, T AU - Barnett, M AU - Fendorf, Scott E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 158 PB - CRC Press for AEHS (Association for the Environmental Health of Soils), Boca Raton, FL VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 1549-7887, 1549-7887 KW - United States KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - reclamation KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - human ecology KW - bioaccumulation KW - hexavalent chromium KW - detection KW - metals KW - cadmium KW - risk assessment KW - military facilities KW - geochemistry KW - chromium KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51557060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+bioaccesibility+of+Cr+and+Cd+in+soil&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Melanie+A%3BJardine%2C+P%3BMehlhorn%2C+T%3BBarnett%2C+M%3BFendorf%2C+Scott+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.issn=15497887&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/10588337.asp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 19th annual international conference on Soils, sediments, and water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioaccumulation; bioavailability; cadmium; chromium; detection; geochemistry; hexavalent chromium; human ecology; metals; military facilities; pollution; reclamation; risk assessment; soils; toxic materials; United States; waste disposal sites ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modelling fate and transport of chlorinated organic compounds in the subsurface AN - 51406331; 2007-069853 JF - Contaminated ground water and sediment; modeling for management and remediation AU - Sleep, Brent E AU - Durant, Neal D AU - Faust, Charles R AU - Guarnaccia, Joseph G AU - Hardness, Mark R AU - Parker, Jack C AU - Sehayek, Lily A2 - Chien, Calvin C. A2 - Medina, Miguel A. A2 - Pinder, George F. A2 - Reible, Danny D. A2 - Sleep, Brent E. A2 - Zheng, Chunmniao Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 PB - Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton SN - 156670667X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - contaminant plumes KW - spatial data KW - bioavailability KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - transport KW - mass balance KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - mass transfer KW - kinetics KW - Superfund sites KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - Cohansey Formation KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - case studies KW - Tertiary KW - organic compounds KW - Neogene KW - multiphase flow KW - hydrocarbons KW - New Jersey KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51406331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Sleep%2C+Brent+E%3BDurant%2C+Neal+D%3BFaust%2C+Charles+R%3BGuarnaccia%2C+Joseph+G%3BHardness%2C+Mark+R%3BParker%2C+Jack+C%3BSehayek%2C+Lily&rft.aulast=Sleep&rft.aufirst=Brent&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=156670667X&rft.btitle=Modelling+fate+and+transport+of+chlorinated+organic+compounds+in+the+subsurface&rft.title=Modelling+fate+and+transport+of+chlorinated+organic+compounds+in+the+subsurface&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 241 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Designing of cement-based formula for solidification/stabilization of hazardous, radioactive, and mixed wastes AN - 51329475; 2007-019771 JF - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology AU - Shi, Caijun AU - Spence, Roger Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 391 EP - 417 PB - CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL VL - 34 IS - 4 SN - 1064-3389, 1064-3389 KW - hazardous waste KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - laboratory studies KW - controls KW - transport KW - chemical properties KW - reduction KW - chemical composition KW - solid waste KW - pH KW - construction materials KW - soils KW - stabilization KW - fixation KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - cement materials KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - solubility KW - cost KW - solidification KW - solid phase KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - permeability KW - encapsulation KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51329475?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Designing+of+cement-based+formula+for+solidification%2Fstabilization+of+hazardous%2C+radioactive%2C+and+mixed+wastes&rft.au=Shi%2C+Caijun%3BSpence%2C+Roger&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Caijun&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=10643389&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10643380490443281 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10643389 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cement materials; chemical composition; chemical properties; construction materials; controls; cost; encapsulation; experimental studies; fixation; hazardous waste; laboratory studies; leaching; optimization; oxidation; permeability; pH; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; reduction; soils; solid phase; solid waste; solidification; solubility; stabilization; transport; waste disposal; waste management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10643380490443281 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Light lithophile abundances and isotopic ratios in shergottites AN - 51299231; 2008-016485 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Lentz, R C F AU - McSween, H Y, Jr AU - Fayek, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 EP - unpaginated PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 35 KW - silicates KW - isotope fractionation KW - Shergotty Meteorite KW - stony meteorites KW - ion probe data KW - Martian meteorites KW - mass spectra KW - aqueous solutions KW - melts KW - lithophile elements KW - SNC Meteorites KW - meteorites KW - pyroxene group KW - water content KW - spectra KW - chain silicates KW - alkaline earth metals KW - lithium KW - isotope ratios KW - alkali metals KW - QUE 94201 KW - achondrites KW - Antarctica KW - shergottite KW - metals KW - light lithophile elements KW - Queen Alexandra Range Meteorites KW - boron KW - beryllium KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51299231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Light+lithophile+abundances+and+isotopic+ratios+in+shergottites&rft.au=Lentz%2C+R+C+F%3BMcSween%2C+H+Y%2C+Jr%3BFayek%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lentz&rft.aufirst=R+C&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2004/pdf/1633.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-fifth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Feb. 6, 2007 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; Antarctica; aqueous solutions; beryllium; boron; chain silicates; ion probe data; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; light lithophile elements; lithium; lithophile elements; Martian meteorites; mass spectra; melts; metals; meteorites; pyroxene group; QUE 94201; Queen Alexandra Range Meteorites; shergottite; Shergotty Meteorite; silicates; SNC Meteorites; spectra; stony meteorites; water content ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial population and degradation activity changes monitored during a chlorinated solvent biovent demonstration AN - 51141651; 2005-004469 AB - Microbial populations and degradation activity increased significantly during a chlorinated solvent bioventing bioremediation effort using propane at Dover Air Force Base in Delaware. The propane injection resulted in degradation of a mixture of chlorinated solvents, including trichloroethylene (TCE), cis-dichloroethylene (c-DCE), and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA). In only 20 d, the propane injection resulted in decreases of TCE and c-DCE of >98%, and a decrease in TCA in soil gas by approximately 70%. The degradation of the TCA may not have occurred with a methane, butane, toluene, or phenol injection. These decreases in chlorinated solvent concentrations were accompanied by large increases in propane-utilizing bacteria that ranged from below detection levels prior to the injection to approximately 1% of the ending total aerobic heterotrophic population by the end of the propane injection. Thus, a proportional increase occurred as heterotrophic counts increased a hundredfold. Microbial TCE degradation activity, as measured in microcosms, also increased with the propane injection. The highest rates of degradation were observed in microcosms with propane and nutrients, indicating the potential for higher field rates of degradation with nutrient additions. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Pfiffner, Susam M AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Sayles, Gregory D AU - Gannon, David Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 102 EP - 110 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - Kent County Delaware KW - soil vapor extraction KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethane KW - remediation KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - solvents KW - butane KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - activity KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - dichloroethylenes KW - monitoring KW - methane KW - Delaware KW - injection KW - rates KW - alkanes KW - bioremediation KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51141651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Microbial+population+and+degradation+activity+changes+monitored+during+a+chlorinated+solvent+biovent+demonstration&rft.au=Pfiffner%2C+Susam+M%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BSayles%2C+Gregory+D%3BGannon%2C+David&rft.aulast=Pfiffner&rft.aufirst=Susam&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activity; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; biodegradation; bioremediation; bioventing; butane; chlorinated hydrocarbons; degradation; Delaware; dichloroethylenes; Dover Air Force Base; experimental studies; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; injection; Kent County Delaware; methane; microorganisms; military facilities; monitoring; organic compounds; rates; remediation; soil vapor extraction; solvents; trichloroethane; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigations of dawsonite-forming reactions for geological CO (sub 2) sequestration AN - 50869521; 2007-027032 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Benezeth, P AU - Palmer, D A AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Blencoe, J G A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 539 EP - 543 PB - International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry and Alberta Research Council, Sub-Group on Water-Rock Interaction, Toronto, ON VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - United States KW - petroleum exploration KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - sedimentary basins KW - characterization KW - petroleum KW - global change KW - Europe KW - oil and gas fields KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - Sliepner Field KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - basins KW - mineral assemblages KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - saline composition KW - global warming KW - Utsira Formation KW - experimental studies KW - Western Europe KW - sequestration KW - in situ KW - human activity KW - solubility KW - hydrochemistry KW - North Sea region KW - measurement KW - aquifers KW - models KW - Scandinavia KW - brines KW - Norway KW - dawsonite KW - Colorado KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50869521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=Investigations+of+dawsonite-forming+reactions+for+geological+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration&rft.au=Benezeth%2C+P%3BPalmer%2C+D+A%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BBlencoe%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Benezeth&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=539&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; basins; brines; carbon dioxide; carbonates; characterization; chemical composition; chemical reactions; Colorado; dawsonite; Europe; experimental studies; geochemistry; global change; global warming; ground water; human activity; hydrochemistry; in situ; kinetics; measurement; mineral assemblages; models; North Sea region; Norway; oil and gas fields; petroleum; petroleum exploration; phase equilibria; reservoir rocks; saline composition; Scandinavia; sedimentary basins; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; sequestration; Sliepner Field; solubility; United States; Utsira Formation; Western Europe; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of nanoscale porosity on fluid behavior AN - 50118553; 2010-003033 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Cole, D R AU - Gruszkiewicz, M S AU - Simonson, J M AU - Chialvo, A A AU - Melnichenko, Y B AU - Wignall, G D AU - Lynn, G W AU - Lin, J S AU - Habenschuss, A AU - Gu, B AU - More, K L AU - Burchell, T D AU - Striolo, A AU - Leng, Y AU - Cummings, P T AU - Cooper, W T AU - Schilling, M AU - Gubbins, K E AU - Frielinghaus, H A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 735 EP - 739 PB - Taylor & Francis VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - characterization KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - petroleum KW - fluid phase KW - aqueous solutions KW - simulation KW - NMR spectra KW - infrared spectra KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - FTIR spectra KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - movement KW - spectra KW - thermodynamic properties KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - migration KW - experimental studies KW - methane KW - alkanes KW - hydrochemistry KW - TEM data KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - gases KW - aquifers KW - solid phase KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - mobilization KW - SEM data KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50118553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=Influence+of+nanoscale+porosity+on+fluid+behavior&rft.au=Cole%2C+D+R%3BGruszkiewicz%2C+M+S%3BSimonson%2C+J+M%3BChialvo%2C+A+A%3BMelnichenko%2C+Y+B%3BWignall%2C+G+D%3BLynn%2C+G+W%3BLin%2C+J+S%3BHabenschuss%2C+A%3BGu%2C+B%3BMore%2C+K+L%3BBurchell%2C+T+D%3BStriolo%2C+A%3BLeng%2C+Y%3BCummings%2C+P+T%3BCooper%2C+W+T%3BSchilling%2C+M%3BGubbins%2C+K+E%3BFrielinghaus%2C+H&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=735&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aqueous solutions; aquifers; carbon dioxide; characterization; chemical composition; chemical reactions; experimental studies; fluid phase; FTIR spectra; gases; geochemistry; ground water; hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; infrared spectra; measurement; methane; migration; mobilization; movement; NMR spectra; organic compounds; petroleum; physical properties; porosity; SEM data; simulation; solid phase; spectra; TEM data; thermodynamic properties; transport; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrothermal carbon dioxide reduction with magnetite at 400 degrees C and 500 bar AN - 50116457; 2010-003144 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Fu, Q AU - Seyfried, W E, Jr AU - Horita, J A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 1285 EP - 1288 PB - Taylor & Francis VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - gas chromatograms KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - magnetization KW - metasomatism KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - reactivity KW - geothermal systems KW - water-rock interaction KW - oxides KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - ocean floors KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - surface properties KW - experimental studies KW - acids KW - methane KW - pressure KW - paleomagnetism KW - alkanes KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - magnetite KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50116457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=Hydrothermal+carbon+dioxide+reduction+with+magnetite+at+400+degrees+C+and+500+bar&rft.au=Fu%2C+Q%3BSeyfried%2C+W+E%2C+Jr%3BHorita%2C+J&rft.aulast=Fu&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1285&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acids; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; carbon dioxide; chemical composition; experimental studies; gas chromatograms; geochemistry; geothermal systems; hydrocarbons; hydrothermal alteration; hydrothermal conditions; magnetite; magnetization; metals; metasomatism; methane; Mossbauer spectra; ocean floors; organic compounds; oxides; paleomagnetism; pressure; reactivity; reduction; spectra; surface properties; temperature; water-rock interaction; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray photoelectron spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Nanophase Materials ( less than or equal to 20 nm) on Biological Responses AN - 20979110; 6104362 AB - Nanophase materials have enhanced properties (thermal, mechanical, electrical, surface reactivity, etc.) not found in bulk materials. Intuitively, the enhancement of material properties could occur when the materials encounter biological specimens. Previous investigations of biological interactions with nanometer-scale materials have been very limited. With the ability to manipulate atoms and molecules, we now can create predefined nanostructures with unprecedented precision. In parallel with this development, improved understanding of the biological effects of the nanophase materials, whatever those may be, should also deserve attention. In this study, we have applied precision aerosol technology to investigate cellular response to nanoparticles. We used synthetic nanoparticles generated by an electrospray technique to produce nanoparticles in the size range of 8-13 nm with practically monodispersed aerosol particles and approximately the same number concentration. We report here on the potency of nano-metal particles with single or binary chemical components in eliciting interleukin-8 (IL-8) production from epithelial cell lines. For single-component nanoparticles, we found that nano-Cu particles were more potent in IL-8 production than nano-Ni and nano-V particles. However, the kinetics of IL-8 production by these three nanoparticles was different, the nano-Ni being the highest among the three. When sulfuric acid was introduced to form acidified nano-Ni particles, we found that the potency of such binary-component nanoparticles in eliciting IL-8 production was increased markedly, by about six times. However, the acidified binary nano-Na and -Mg nanoparticles did not exhibit the same effects as binary nano-Ni particles did. Since Ni, a transition metal, could induce free radicals on cell surfaces, while Na and Mg could not, the acidity might have enhanced the oxidative stress caused by radicals to the cells, leading to markedly higher IL-8 production. This result indicates the complexity of biological responses to nanoparticles. We believe that the exposure methodology and aerosol technology employed in our research will provide an effective means to systematically investigate cellular responses to nanoparticles, structured or unstructured, in ongoing research projects. Different cell lines, chemicals, and particle morphology can also be investigated using such a methodology. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering AU - Cheng, M-D AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-2008, USA, chengmd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 2691 EP - 2705 VL - A39 IS - 10 SN - 1093-4529, 1093-4529 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Cell surface KW - Epithelial cells KW - Aerosols KW - Free radicals KW - Transition metals KW - Interleukin 8 KW - Oxidative stress KW - Kinetics KW - Sulfuric acid KW - Cytology KW - Acidity KW - nanoparticles KW - X 24360:Metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20979110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Toxic%2FHazardous+Substances+%26+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Nanophase+Materials+%28+less+than+or+equal+to+20+nm%29+on+Biological+Responses&rft.au=Cheng%2C+M-D&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=M-D&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=A39&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2691&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Toxic%2FHazardous+Substances+%26+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=10934529&rft_id=info:doi/10.1081%2FLESA-200027028 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epithelial cells; Cell surface; Aerosols; Oxidative stress; Kinetics; Free radicals; Sulfuric acid; Cytology; Transition metals; Acidity; nanoparticles; Interleukin 8 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/LESA-200027028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative relationship between synonymous codon usage bias and GC composition across unicellular genomes AN - 19816353; 6044809 AB - Codon usage bias has been widely reported to correlate with GC composition. However, the quantitative relationship between codon usage bias and GC composition across species has not been reported. Based on an informatics method (SCUO) we developed previously using Shannon informational theory and maximum entropy theory, we investigated the quantitative relationship between codon usage bias and GC composition. The regression based on 70 bacterial and 16 archaeal genomes showed that in bacteria, SCUO = -2.06 * GC3 + 2.05*(GC3) super(2 )+ 0.65, r = 0.91, and that in archaea, SCUO = -1.79 * GC3 + 1.85*(GC3) super(2 )+ 0.56, r = 0.89. We developed an analytical model to quantify synonymous codon usage bias by GC compositions based on SCUO. The parameters within this model were inferred by inspecting the relationship between codon usage bias and GC composition across 70 bacterial and 16 archaeal genomes. We further simplified this relationship using only GC3. This simple model was supported by computational simulation. The synonymous codon usage bias could be simply expressed as 1+ (p/2)log sub(2)(p/2) + ((1-p)/2)log sub(2)((l-p)/2), where p = GC3. The software we developed for measuring SCUO (codonO) is available at http://digbio.missouri.edu/~wanx/cu/codonO. JF - BMC Evolutionary Biology AU - Wan, Xiu-Feng AU - Xu, Dong AU - Kleinhofs, Andris AU - Zhou, Jizhong AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, wanx@missouri.edu Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 4 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - Guanylate cyclase KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Archaea KW - Informatics KW - Computer applications KW - Entropy KW - Models KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19816353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Evolutionary+Biology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+relationship+between+synonymous+codon+usage+bias+and+GC+composition+across+unicellular+genomes&rft.au=Wan%2C+Xiu-Feng%3BXu%2C+Dong%3BKleinhofs%2C+Andris%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=Xiu-Feng&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Evolutionary+Biology&rft.issn=1471-2148&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2148-4-19 L2 - http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2148-4-19.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Computer programs; Guanylate cyclase; software; Informatics; Computer applications; Entropy; Models; Archaea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-4-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuits: potentially small, rugged and inexpensive whole-cell biosensors for remote environmental monitoring AN - 19264550; 5826394 AB - A bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit (BBIC) is a novel whole-cell biosensor that combines the environmental monitoring capabilities of genetically engineered bioluminescent micro-organisms (bioreporters) with optical application-specific integrated circuits. A BBIC device consists of bioreporters sustained within a micro-environment, the integrated circuit microluminometer, and a light-tight enclosure. The bioreporter typically contains the luxCDABE reporter genes encoding the enzymes required for bioluminescence. In the presence of a targeted analyte, a gene (transcriptional) regulatory system induces the expression of the luxCDABE genes. Analytical benchmark data for exposure of the bioreporter Pseudomonas fluorescens 5RL to salicylate was determined using a flow-through test system. The detection limit (after a 45 min exposure) was ca 50 mu 1 super(-1) and response times decreased from ca 45 to 20 min as the concentration increased from 50 mu 1 super(-1) to 1 mg 1 super(-1). These results are currently being used to scrutinize enclosures and micro-environment configurations to devlop a simple and inexpensive means of creating a 'laboratory-on-a-chip' and could be used in a network to protect valuable human and environmental resources. This article reviews the present state of luxCDABE-based bioreporter research, demonstrates the integration of the bioreporters with complementary metal oxide semiconductor photodiode-integrated circuits, and discusses future challenges for real-time in situ BBIC environmental monitoring. JF - Journal of Applied Microbiology AU - Nivens, D AU - Mcknight, T AU - Moser, S AU - Osbourn, S AU - Simpson, M AU - Sayler, G AD - Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA and Molecular-scale Engineering and Nano-scale Technology Group Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, sayler@utk.edu Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 33 EP - 46 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 96 IS - 1 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Biosensors KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Pseudomonas fluorescens KW - Reporter gene KW - Bioluminescence KW - Microorganisms KW - W4 230:Biosensors, Bioelectronics & Bioindicators KW - A 01103:General KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19264550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Bioluminescent+bioreporter+integrated+circuits%3A+potentially+small%2C+rugged+and+inexpensive+whole-cell+biosensors+for+remote+environmental+monitoring&rft.au=Nivens%2C+D%3BMcknight%2C+T%3BMoser%2C+S%3BOsbourn%2C+S%3BSimpson%2C+M%3BSayler%2C+G&rft.aulast=Nivens&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2672.2003.02114.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudomonas fluorescens; Bioluminescence; Environmental monitoring; Biosensors; Reporter gene; Microorganisms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.02114.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complete genome sequence of the metabolically versatile photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris AN - 19225611; 5805289 AB - Rhodopseudomonas palustris is among the most metabolically versatile bacteria known. It uses light, inorganic compounds, or organic compounds, for energy. It acquires carbon from many types of green plant-derived compounds or by carbon dioxide fixation, and it fixes nitrogen. Here we describe the genome sequence of R. palustris, which consists of a 5,459,213-base-pair (bp) circular chromosome with 4,836 predicted genes and a plasmid of 8,427 bp. The sequence reveals genes that confer a remarkably large number of options within a given type of metabolism, including three nitrogenases, five benzene ring cleavage pathways and four light harvesting 2 systems. R. palustris encodes 63 signal transduction histidine kinases and 79 response regulator receiver domains. Almost 15% of the genome is devoted to transport. This genome sequence is a starting point to use R. palustris as a model to explore how organisms integrate metabolic modules in response to environmental perturbations. JF - Nature Biotechnology AU - Larimer, F W AU - Chain, P AU - Hauser, L AU - Lamerdin, J AU - Malfatti, S AU - Do, L AU - Land, M L AU - Pelletier, DA AU - Beatty, J T AU - Lang, A S AU - Tabita AU - Gibson, J L AU - Hanson, TE AU - Bobst, C AU - Torres y Torres, JL AU - Peres, C AU - Harrison, F H AU - Gibson, J AU - Harwood, C S AD - Genome Analysis and Systems Modeling, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Rd., Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA, caroline-harwood@uiowa.edu Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 55 EP - 61 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building 4 Crinan Street London N1 9XW UK, [mailto:feedback@nature.com], [URL:http://www.nature.com/] VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - nitrogenase KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Carbon sources KW - Rhodopseudomonas palustris KW - Histidine kinase KW - Nitrogen fixation KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Metabolism KW - Signal transduction KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - W2 32060:Microorganisms KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19225611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Complete+genome+sequence+of+the+metabolically+versatile+photosynthetic+bacterium+Rhodopseudomonas+palustris&rft.au=Larimer%2C+F+W%3BChain%2C+P%3BHauser%2C+L%3BLamerdin%2C+J%3BMalfatti%2C+S%3BDo%2C+L%3BLand%2C+M+L%3BPelletier%2C+DA%3BBeatty%2C+J+T%3BLang%2C+A+S%3BTabita%3BGibson%2C+J+L%3BHanson%2C+TE%3BBobst%2C+C%3BTorres+y+Torres%2C+JL%3BPeres%2C+C%3BHarrison%2C+F+H%3BGibson%2C+J%3BHarwood%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Larimer&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnbt923 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rhodopseudomonas palustris; Genomes; Nitrogen fixation; Carbon sources; Signal transduction; Histidine kinase; Carbon dioxide; Metabolism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt923 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implication of mitochondrial involvement in apoptotic activity of fragile histidine triad gene: Application of synchronous luminescence spectroscopy AN - 17848243; 5907844 AB - The fragile histidine triad (FHIT) tumor suppressor gene incorporates the common human chromosomal fragile site at 3p14.2. The structure and expression of the FHIT gene are frequently altered in many cancers. The tumor suppressor activity of the FHIT gene has been previously demonstrated as potentially involving apoptotic induction. Here, mitochondria are implicated as being involved in the apoptotic activity of the FHIT gene. A number of morphological and biochemical events, including the disruption of the inner mitochondrial transmembrane potential ([Delta][Psi] sub()m) and the release of apoptogenic cytochrome c protein into the cytoplasm, are characteristic features of the apoptotic program. The proapoptotic activity of the FHIT gene is studied by investigating the loss of [Delta][Psi] sub()m in mitochondria and translocation of cytochrome c. Synchronous luminescence (SL) spectroscopy is applied to measure mitochondrial incorporation of rhodamine 123 for direct analysis of alterations in the mitochondrial [Delta][Psi] sub()m. The SL methodology is based on synchronous excitation in which the excitation and emission wavelengths are scanned simultaneously while a constant wavelength interval is maintained between the excitation and emission monochromators. An enhanced collapse of [Delta][Psi] sub()m in apoptotically induced FHIT expressing cells compared to FHIT negative cells is observed. The loss of [Delta][Psi] sub()m is greatly restricted in the presence of the apoptotic inhibitor, cyclosporin A. Cytoplasmic translocation of cytochrome c in the FHIT expressing cells as an early event in apoptosis is also demonstrated. It is concluded that Fhit protein expression maintained apoptotic function by altering the [Delta][Psi] sub()m and by enhancing cytochrome c efflux from the mitochondria. JF - Biopolymers AU - Askari, Minoo DF AU - Vo-Dinh, Tuan AD - Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, vodinht@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 510 EP - 523 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 73 IS - 4 SN - 0006-3525, 0006-3525 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Tumor suppressor genes KW - Apoptosis KW - Biopolymers KW - Mitochondria KW - Spectroscopy KW - Cancer KW - Cytochrome c KW - Cyclosporin A KW - Fragile sites KW - FHIT protein KW - Luminescence KW - Membrane potential KW - W4 150:Medical Imaging KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17848243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biopolymers&rft.atitle=Implication+of+mitochondrial+involvement+in+apoptotic+activity+of+fragile+histidine+triad+gene%3A+Application+of+synchronous+luminescence+spectroscopy&rft.au=Askari%2C+Minoo+DF%3BVo-Dinh%2C+Tuan&rft.aulast=Askari&rft.aufirst=Minoo&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=510&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biopolymers&rft.issn=00063525&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbip.10544 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - FHIT protein; Mitochondria; Apoptosis; Cytochrome c; Luminescence; Spectroscopy; Tumor suppressor genes; Cyclosporin A; Fragile sites; Biopolymers; Membrane potential; Cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.10544 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HAADF-STEM imaging with sub-angstrom probes: a full Bloch wave analysis AN - 17588618; 5952131 AB - A full coherent Bloch wave calculation is presented to investigate high- angle annular dark-field image formation for sub-angstrom probes in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). With increasing illumination angle, the contribution of the 1s bound state increases to a maximum at an optimum probe angle, after which we find increasing contributions from high-angle plane wave states around the periphery of the objective aperture. Examination of image contributions from different depths within a crystal shows an oscillatory behavior due to the beating between 1s and non-1s states. The oscillation period reduces with decreasing probe size, while the relative contribution from a specific depth increases. This signifies a changeover from a projection mode of imaging to a depth-slicing mode of imaging. This new mode appears capable of resolving three-dimensional atomic structures in future generation aberration- corrected STEM. JF - Journal of Electron Microscopy AU - Peng, Yiping AU - Nellist, Peter D AU - Pennycook, Stephen J AD - Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 257 EP - 266 VL - 53 IS - 3 SN - 0022-0744, 0022-0744 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Illumination KW - Oscillations KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Probes KW - Crystals KW - imaging KW - Electron microscopy KW - W4 150:Medical Imaging KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17588618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Electron+Microscopy&rft.atitle=HAADF-STEM+imaging+with+sub-angstrom+probes%3A+a+full+Bloch+wave+analysis&rft.au=Peng%2C+Yiping%3BNellist%2C+Peter+D%3BPennycook%2C+Stephen+J&rft.aulast=Peng&rft.aufirst=Yiping&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Electron+Microscopy&rft.issn=00220744&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Probes; imaging; Crystals; Transmission electron microscopy; Oscillations; Illumination; Electron microscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Origins of and Changes in the Symposium Series on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals AN - 17512886; 6404470 AB - More than two decades ago, a group of research engineers and applied scientists with interest in energy applications of bioprocessing initiated an annual symposium series ultimately entitled "Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals." The Department of Energy, several of the national laboratories, and various industrial firms have supported these symposia that are now held alternately in the mountains of Tennessee and Colorado. There has been wide acceptance of these meetings, with participants from the government, academia, and the commercial sector, and more than 20 different nations have been represented. The peer-reviewed proceedings have been published and are an important source for innovative bioprocessing research. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Scott, C D AD - Bioprocessing Research and Development Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 109 Danbury Drive, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 0765 EP - 0770 VL - 115 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - USA, Tennessee KW - USA, Colorado KW - Conferences KW - Energy KW - Fuels KW - W2 32600:Proceedings KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 210:Bioremediation, Bioreactors & BioCycling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17512886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Origins+of+and+Changes+in+the+Symposium+Series+on+Biotechnology+for+Fuels+and+Chemicals&rft.au=Scott%2C+C+D&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=0765&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - 25th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Tennessee; USA, Colorado; Fuels; Energy; Conferences; Chemicals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Succinic Acid Adsorption from Fermentation Broth and Regeneration AN - 17512568; 6404327 AB - More than 25 sorbents were tested for uptake of succinic acid from aqueous solutions. The best resins were then tested for successive loading and regeneration using hot water. The key desired properties for an ideal sorbent are high capacity, complete stable regenerability, and specificity for the product. The best resins have a stable capacity of about 0.06 g of succinic acid/g of resin at moderate concentrations (1-5 g/L) of succinic acid. Several sorbents were tested more exhaustively for uptake of succinic acid and for successive loading and regeneration using hot water. One resin, XUS 40285, has a good stable isotherm capacity, prefers succinate over glucose, and has good capacities at both acidic and neutral pH. Succinic acid was removed from simulated media containing salts, succinic acid, acetic acid, and sugar using a packed column of sorbent resin, XUS 40285. The fermentation byproduct, acetate, was completely separated from succinate. A simple hot water regeneration successfully concentrated succinate from 10 g/L (inlet) to 40-110 g/L in the effluent. If successful, this would lower separation costs by reducing the need for chemicals for the initial purification step. Despite promising initial results of good capacity (0.06 g of succinic/g of sorbent), 70% recovery using hot water, and a recovered concentration of >100 g/L, this regeneration was not stable over 10 cycles in the column. Alternative regeneration schemes using acid and base were examined. Two (XUS 40285 and XFS-40422) showed both good stable capacities for succinic acid over 10 cycles and >95% recovery in a batch operation using a modified extraction procedure combining acid and hot water washes. These resins showed comparable results with actual broth. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Davison, B H AU - Nghiem, N P AU - Richardson, G L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6226, USA Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 653 EP - 670 VL - 114 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Fermentation KW - Fuels KW - Glucose KW - Isotherms KW - pH effects KW - Sugar KW - Resins KW - Effluents KW - Acetic acid KW - Salts KW - Adsorption KW - Succinic acid KW - W2 32580:Fermentation and process engineering KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 320:Cell Culture & Batch Fermentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17512568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Succinic+Acid+Adsorption+from+Fermentation+Broth+and+Regeneration&rft.au=Davison%2C+B+H%3BNghiem%2C+N+P%3BRichardson%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Davison&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - 25th Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Succinic acid; Resins; Fermentation; Acetic acid; Effluents; Isotherms; Glucose; pH effects; Salts; Fuels; Adsorption; Sugar ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GOTree Machine (GOTM): a web-based platform for interpreting sets of interesting genes using Gene Ontology hierarchies AN - 17327187; 6234170 AB - Background: Microarray and other high-throughput technologies are producing large sets of interesting genes that are difficult to analyze directly. Bioinformatics tools are needed to interpret the functional information in the gene sets. Results: We have created a web-based tool for data analysis and data visualization for sets of genes called GOTree Machine (GOTM). This tool was originally intended to analyze sets of co-regulated genes identified from microarray analysis but is adaptable for use with other gene sets from other high-throughput analyses. GOTree Machine generates a GOTree, a tree-like structure to navigate the Gene Ontology Directed Acyclic Graph for input gene sets. This system provides user friendly data navigation and visualization. Statistical analysis helps users to identify the most important Gene Ontology categories for the input gene sets and suggests biological areas that warrant further study. GOTree Machine is available online at http://genereg.ornl.gov/gotm/. Conclusions: GOTree Machine has a broad application in functional genomic, proteomic and other high-throughput methods that generate large sets of interesting genes; its primary purpose is to help users sort for interesting patterns in gene sets. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Zhang, Bing AU - Schmoyer, Denise AU - Kirov, Stefan AU - Snoddy, Jay AD - Graduate School in Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, zhangb@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 5 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17327187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=GOTree+Machine+%28GOTM%29%3A+a+web-based+platform+for+interpreting+sets+of+interesting+genes+using+Gene+Ontology+hierarchies&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Bing%3BSchmoyer%2C+Denise%3BKirov%2C+Stefan%3BSnoddy%2C+Jay&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Bing&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-5-16 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-5-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of Correlated Noise in Airborne Magnetic Gradients for Unexploded Ordnance Detection AN - 16182497; 6119579 AB - In this paper, we examine several field tests of correlated helicopter noise and demonstrate that measured vertical gradients can offer signal-to-noise improvements of 4:1 in rotor noise and 6:1 in maneuver noise over comparable total field measurements for unexploded ordnance (UXO) applications. This translates into an additional 1.5-2.0 m in acceptable survey height or ordnance depth.Horizontal gradients, both transverse and longitudinal to the helicopter flight path, are also examined. These offer smaller signal-to-noise improvements over the total field (approximately 1.5:1) and have other disadvantages not found in the vertical gradient. JF - Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics AU - Gamey, TJeffrey AU - Doll, William E AU - Beard, Les P AU - Bell, David T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Rd., Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37831- 6038 Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 115 EP - 125 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, 10200 W. 44th Avenue Suite 304 Wheat Ridge CO 80033-2480 USA VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1083-1363, 1083-1363 KW - ordnance KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Weapons KW - Monitoring methods KW - Aircraft KW - Noise levels KW - Remote sensing KW - Explosives KW - Geophysics KW - P 7000:NOISE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16182497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Correlated+Noise+in+Airborne+Magnetic+Gradients+for+Unexploded+Ordnance+Detection&rft.au=Gamey%2C+TJeffrey%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BBeard%2C+Les+P%3BBell%2C+David+T&rft.aulast=Gamey&rft.aufirst=TJeffrey&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.issn=10831363&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Weapons; Monitoring methods; Aircraft; Remote sensing; Noise levels; Geophysics; Explosives ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Source of toxicity in storm water: zinc from commonly used paint AN - 16179561; 5935792 AB - A Department of Energy site in Paducah, Kentucky (USA), stores thousands of cylinders of depleted uranium hexafluoride. Breaches of the cylinders could result in the release of uranium and hydrogen fluoride. Beginning in 1996, a program was begun to paint the cylinders in order to prevent corrosion of the cylinders and the surfaces of the storage yards were converted to concrete. In 1998, storm water from the cylinder storage yards was found to be toxic to Ceriodaphnia. at concentrations exceeding limits in the site's discharge permit. A six-month study was conducted to identify the source of the toxicity in the storm water. Ceriodaphnia toxicity tests with the storm water resulted in 48-h median lethal concentrations (LC50) ranging from 12 to 94%; zinc concentrations in the storm water ranged from 0.08 to 0.54 mg/L. Acute toxicity tests with zinc and linear regression identified that zinc concentrations in the storm water were sufficient to account for the toxicity observed. By tracking the sources to the discharge point, newly painted cylinders were identified as the source of the zinc in the storm water. Rainwater collected directly from the painted cylinders contained up to 13 mg Zn/L. Laboratory and field tests showed that topcoating the cylinders would reduce the amount of zinc in the runoff from the cylinders. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Kszos, LA AU - Morris, G W AU - Konetsky, B K AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA, kszosla@ornl.gov Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 12 EP - 16 VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - uranium hexafluoride KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - USA, Kentucky, Paducah KW - Heavy metals KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Field Tests KW - Freshwater KW - Storm Water KW - Stormwater runoff KW - Uranium KW - Zinc KW - Ceriodaphnia KW - Testing Procedures KW - Crustaceans (Cladocera) KW - Toxicity KW - Storage KW - USA, Kentucky KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Storm water KW - Toxicity testing KW - Runoff KW - Paints KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16179561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Source+of+toxicity+in+storm+water%3A+zinc+from+commonly+used+paint&rft.au=Kszos%2C+LA%3BMorris%2C+G+W%3BKonetsky%2C+B+K&rft.aulast=Kszos&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Stormwater runoff; Pollution dispersion; Zinc; Toxicity; Paints; Heavy metals; Storm water; Runoff; Toxicity testing; Storage; Testing Procedures; Storm Water; Uranium; Water Pollution Effects; Crustaceans (Cladocera); Field Tests; Ceriodaphnia; USA, Kentucky, Paducah; USA, Kentucky; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying reemission of mercury from terrestrial and aquatic systems using stable isotopes; results from the experimental lakes area METAALICUS study AN - 50561584; 2008-131185 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Lindberg, Steve E AU - Southworth, George AU - Peterson, Mark AU - Hintelmann, Holger AU - Graydon, Jenny AU - St Louis, Vince AU - Amyot, Marc AU - Krabbenhoft, Dave AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12/08/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Dec 08 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, SUPPL. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - Chordata KW - terrestrial environment KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - Mercury Experiment to Assess Atmospheric Loading in Canada and the U. S. KW - biochemistry KW - lakes KW - atmospheric deposition KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - Experimental Lakes Area KW - stable isotopes KW - Pisces KW - provenance KW - METAALICUS KW - metals KW - Vertebrata KW - aquatic environment KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50561584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Quantifying+reemission+of+mercury+from+terrestrial+and+aquatic+systems+using+stable+isotopes%3B+results+from+the+experimental+lakes+area+METAALICUS+study&rft.au=Lindberg%2C+Steve+E%3BSouthworth%2C+George%3BPeterson%2C+Mark%3BHintelmann%2C+Holger%3BGraydon%2C+Jenny%3BSt+Louis%2C+Vince%3BAmyot%2C+Marc%3BKrabbenhoft%2C+Dave%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lindberg&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=2003-12-08&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+SUPPL.&rft.spage=F287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; atmospheric deposition; biochemistry; Chordata; ecosystems; Experimental Lakes Area; experimental studies; isotopes; lakes; mercury; Mercury Experiment to Assess Atmospheric Loading in Canada and the U. S.; METAALICUS; metals; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; provenance; soils; solutes; stable isotopes; terrestrial environment; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Mn ion on the iron biomineralization by an iron-reducing bacterium AN - 855195654; 2011-024528 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Lee, S AU - Roh, Y AU - Lee, I AU - Phelps, T J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B12B EP - 0780 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - biomineralization KW - experimental studies KW - iron oxides KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - manganese KW - ions KW - laboratory studies KW - biogenic processes KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - geochemical methods KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - SEM data KW - pH KW - magnetite KW - biogeochemical methods KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855195654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Mn+ion+on+the+iron+biomineralization+by+an+iron-reducing+bacterium&rft.au=Lee%2C+S%3BRoh%2C+Y%3BLee%2C+I%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; biogeochemical methods; biomineralization; chemical reactions; experimental studies; geochemical methods; ions; iron oxides; laboratory studies; magnetite; manganese; metals; oxides; pH; reduction; SEM data; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exacerbation of atmospheric mercury emissions from substrates by atmospheric oxidants AN - 853221591; 2011-020571 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Engle, Mark A AU - Gustin, Mae Sexauer AU - Lindberg, Steve E AU - Gertler, Alan W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B21D EP - 0750 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - experimental studies KW - gaseous phase KW - oxidation KW - atmosphere KW - reactivation KW - emissivity KW - substrates KW - laboratory studies KW - ozone KW - exacerbation KW - transport KW - metals KW - reactive transport KW - meteorology KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853221591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Exacerbation+of+atmospheric+mercury+emissions+from+substrates+by+atmospheric+oxidants&rft.au=Engle%2C+Mark+A%3BGustin%2C+Mae+Sexauer%3BLindberg%2C+Steve+E%3BGertler%2C+Alan+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Engle&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; emissivity; exacerbation; experimental studies; gaseous phase; laboratory studies; mercury; metals; meteorology; oxidation; ozone; reactivation; reactive transport; substrates; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental investigation of reaction and fluid transport in dolomite rock AN - 849004069; 2011-014113 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - DeAngelis, Michael T AU - Labotka, Theodore C AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Cole, David R AU - Fayek, Mustafa AU - Fayek, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - experimental studies KW - periclase KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - textures KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - dolostone KW - fluid dynamics KW - metamorphism KW - stable isotopes KW - boundary conditions KW - calcite KW - dolomite KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - grains KW - infiltration KW - metamorphic rocks KW - oxides KW - carbonate rocks KW - carbonates KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/849004069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Experimental+investigation+of+reaction+and+fluid+transport+in+dolomite+rock&rft.au=DeAngelis%2C+Michael+T%3BLabotka%2C+Theodore+C%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BFayek%2C+Mustafa%3BFayek%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=DeAngelis&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+suppl.&rft.spage=F1530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; calcite; carbonate rocks; carbonates; dolomite; dolostone; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; grains; infiltration; isotope ratios; isotopes; metamorphic rocks; metamorphism; O-18/O-16; oxides; oxygen; periclase; sedimentary rocks; stable isotopes; textures; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA microarrays detect 4-nonylphenol-induced alterations in gene expression during zebrafish early development. AN - 71470386; 14680326 AB - Technological advances in the biological sciences have led to a growing realization of the inherent complexity of the toxic actions of man-made chemicals and industrial compounds. An organism's response to toxic exposure is often a complex summation of the individual responses of various different cell types, tissues, and organs within an individual. Furthermore, within a population, various factors including gender, age, fitness, exposure history, genetic variation, and developmental stage significantly affect how each individual will react following exposure. Because of this complexity, characterizing the responses of organisms to environmental toxin exposure is an area of research well suited to the utilization of the gene-expression profiling capability of DNA microarrays. Microarrays are capable of screening large numbers of genes for response to environmental exposure, with the resulting genesets comprising de facto biomarkers for such exposures. In many cases, the genesets described contain response transcripts anticipated from known mechanistic pathways, but in other cases, equally indicative biomarkers may be found that are unexpected. We investigated the response of zebrafish embryos exposed in vitro to the environmental contaminant 4-nonylphenol (4NP). Nonylphenol is one of several alkylphenol ethoxylate compounds widely used in agricultural and industrial processes that have become ubiquitous environmental contaminants. By combining data from differing levels of exposure, we have identified a group of genes that appear indicative of embryo exposure to 4NP at concentrations ranging from high near-lethal levels to lower, more environmentally relevant levels. These biomarker sets can be further expanded and adapted for use in environmental monitoring as well as in mechanistic studies of complex toxicological mechanisms during both early and adult developmental stages. JF - Ecotoxicology (London, England) AU - Hoyt, P R AU - Doktycz, M J AU - Beattie, K L AU - Greeley, M S AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 469 EP - 474 VL - 12 IS - 6 SN - 0963-9292, 0963-9292 KW - Phenols KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 4-nonylphenol KW - I03GBV4WEL KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental KW - Gene Expression Profiling -- veterinary KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis -- veterinary KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Zebrafish -- physiology KW - Zebrafish -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71470386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=DNA+microarrays+detect+4-nonylphenol-induced+alterations+in+gene+expression+during+zebrafish+early+development.&rft.au=Hoyt%2C+P+R%3BDoktycz%2C+M+J%3BBeattie%2C+K+L%3BGreeley%2C+M+S&rft.aulast=Hoyt&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09639292&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-16 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phenotype- and gene-driven approaches to discovering the functions of mammalian genes. AN - 71431703; 14652386 AB - All of us are involved in discovery science as we pursue the genes, networks, cellular processes and biophysical principles that govern our chosen biological question. For those of us who choose to proceed using plant or animal models to dissect the elements of our favorite biological system, there are many classical and newer approaches available for our use, including two complementary strategies by which the discovery process is proceeding at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The ORNL has been known for six decades for its investigations of the effects of radiation and chemicals in inducing heritable mutations in mouse germ cells, and for using mouse mutations as tools for the cloning and characterization of mammalian genes. Our history and experience in making mouse models are being applied via these two complementary strategies: 1), a phenotype-driven approach, in which mice carrying random chemically-induced mutations are screened for abnormal phenotypes; and 2) a gene-driven approach in which heritable single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in preselected genes already thought likely to influence a biological system of choice can be recovered in live mice. The SNP-carrying mice can then be phenotyped for alterations in one's target biology. Both approaches have value and are necessary; while we can use mutations in genes that we already know to be of interest in our favorite biology to discover gene function, we also know that biology is full of surprise genes whose effects on our favorite biology would not be predicted and which will be identified only through phenotype screening. JF - The Journal of nutrition AU - Johnson, Dabney K AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6420, USA. johnsondk@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 4269 EP - 4270 VL - 133 IS - 12 SN - 0022-3166, 0022-3166 KW - Ethylnitrosourea KW - P8M1T4190R KW - Index Medicus KW - Phenotype KW - Animals KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide KW - Mice, Mutant Strains -- genetics KW - Mice KW - Mutagenesis KW - Genetic Techniques KW - Mammals -- genetics KW - Genes -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71431703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+nutrition&rft.atitle=Phenotype-+and+gene-driven+approaches+to+discovering+the+functions+of+mammalian+genes.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Dabney+K&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Dabney&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+nutrition&rft.issn=00223166&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-16 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A modular injection system, multilevel sampler, and manifold for tracer tests AN - 51796911; 2004-065371 JF - Ground Water AU - Mailloux, B J AU - Fuller, M E AU - Rose, G F AU - Onstott, T C AU - DeFlaun, M F AU - Alvarez, E AU - Hemingway, C AU - Hallet, R B AU - Phelps, T J AU - Griffin, T Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 816 EP - 827 PB - National Ground Water Association, Westerville, OH VL - 41 IS - 6 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - monitoring KW - injection KW - pollution KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - environmental management KW - sampling KW - conservation KW - movement KW - bacteria KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - testing KW - unconsolidated materials KW - heterogeneity KW - discharge KW - water wells KW - pH KW - instruments KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51796911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=A+modular+injection+system%2C+multilevel+sampler%2C+and+manifold+for+tracer+tests&rft.au=Mailloux%2C+B+J%3BFuller%2C+M+E%3BRose%2C+G+F%3BOnstott%2C+T+C%3BDeFlaun%2C+M+F%3BAlvarez%2C+E%3BHemingway%2C+C%3BHallet%2C+R+B%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BGriffin%2C+T&rft.aulast=Mailloux&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=816&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, 1 plate N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bacteria; conservation; discharge; environmental management; ground water; heterogeneity; injection; instruments; monitoring; movement; pH; pollution; sampling; sediments; temperature; testing; tracers; unconsolidated materials; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Equilibrium grain boundary segregation in mantle rocks; grain boundaries as reservoirs of incompatible elements AN - 51432604; 2007-058019 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hiraga, T AU - Anderson, I M AU - Kohlstedt, D L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - silicates KW - calcium KW - high-resolution methods KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - incompatible elements KW - mantle KW - olivine group KW - elastic constants KW - silicon KW - electron probe data KW - nesosilicates KW - partitioning KW - grain boundaries KW - metals KW - olivine KW - orthosilicates KW - scanning electron microscopy KW - Young's modulus KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51432604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Equilibrium+grain+boundary+segregation+in+mantle+rocks%3B+grain+boundaries+as+reservoirs+of+incompatible+elements&rft.au=Hiraga%2C+T%3BAnderson%2C+I+M%3BKohlstedt%2C+D+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hiraga&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1421&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; calcium; elastic constants; electron probe data; grain boundaries; high-resolution methods; incompatible elements; magnesium; mantle; metals; nesosilicates; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; partitioning; scanning electron microscopy; silicates; silicon; Young's modulus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards first principles spin dynamics calculations of the magnetic structure of materials AN - 51281287; 2008-031885 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Stocks, Malcolm AU - Ujfalussy, Balazs AU - Eisenbach, Markus AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract V21A EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - materials KW - spin dynamics KW - phase transitions KW - magnetic properties KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51281287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Towards+first+principles+spin+dynamics+calculations+of+the+magnetic+structure+of+materials&rft.au=Stocks%2C+Malcolm%3BUjfalussy%2C+Balazs%3BEisenbach%2C+Markus%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stocks&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - magnetic properties; materials; phase transitions; spin dynamics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating hydrogeological zonation using high-resolution geophysical data and Markov chain Monte Carlo methods AN - 50562613; 2008-131283 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Fienen, Michael AU - Mehlhorn, Tonia AU - Watson, David AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - tomography KW - high-resolution methods KW - Bayesian analysis KW - pollutants KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - seismic methods KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - fracture zones KW - metals KW - probability KW - uranium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - heterogeneity KW - actinides KW - zoning KW - permeability KW - Markov chain analysis KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50562613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Estimating+hydrogeological+zonation+using+high-resolution+geophysical+data+and+Markov+chain+Monte+Carlo+methods&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jinsong%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BFienen%2C+Michael%3BMehlhorn%2C+Tonia%3BWatson%2C+David%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jinsong&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F632&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Bayesian analysis; fracture zones; geophysical methods; ground water; heterogeneity; high-resolution methods; hydraulic conductivity; Markov chain analysis; metals; Monte Carlo analysis; permeability; pollutants; probability; remediation; seismic methods; statistical analysis; tomography; uranium; zoning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elution of nitrate at the NABIR Field Research Center, Oak Ridge Reservation, Oak Ridge, TN AN - 50556170; 2008-131250 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Fienen, Michael AU - Criddle, Craig S AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Kitanidis, Peter K AU - Mehlhorn, Tonia L AU - Watson, David B AU - Wu, Weimin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - fresh water KW - preferential flow KW - Oak Ridge Tennessee KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Natural and Acceleration Bioremediation Field Research Center KW - tracers KW - Tennessee KW - electromagnetic methods KW - pressuremeter tests KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - orientation KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - bioremediation KW - aquifers KW - NABIR Field Research Center KW - metals KW - elution KW - uranium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50556170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Elution+of+nitrate+at+the+NABIR+Field+Research+Center%2C+Oak+Ridge+Reservation%2C+Oak+Ridge%2C+TN&rft.au=Fienen%2C+Michael%3BCriddle%2C+Craig+S%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BKitanidis%2C+Peter+K%3BMehlhorn%2C+Tonia+L%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BWu%2C+Weimin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fienen&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F626&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Anderson County Tennessee; aquifers; bioremediation; electromagnetic methods; elution; experimental studies; fractured materials; fresh water; geophysical methods; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; in situ; injection; metals; NABIR Field Research Center; Natural and Acceleration Bioremediation Field Research Center; nitrates; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Tennessee; orientation; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; pressuremeter tests; remediation; Tennessee; tracers; United States; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiscale heterogeneity and solute transport model parameter uncertainty study for a fractured low-level nuclear waste disposal site in the eastern United States AN - 50546065; 2009-002276 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Gwo, Jin-Ping AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - scale factor KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - pollutants KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - Eastern U.S. KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - models KW - fractures KW - hydraulic head KW - transport KW - Tennessee KW - hydrodynamics KW - waste disposal KW - heterogeneity KW - water pollution KW - low-level waste KW - uncertainty KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50546065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Multiscale+heterogeneity+and+solute+transport+model+parameter+uncertainty+study+for+a+fractured+low-level+nuclear+waste+disposal+site+in+the+eastern+United+States&rft.au=Gwo%2C+Jin-Ping%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gwo&rft.aufirst=Jin-Ping&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F594&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eastern U.S.; fractures; ground water; heterogeneity; hydraulic head; hydrodynamics; low-level waste; models; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; optimization; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; scale factor; solute transport; Tennessee; transport; uncertainty; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heavy metals in the bed and suspended sediments of Anyang River, Korea; implications for water quality AN - 50078117; 2008-089587 JF - Environmental Geochemistry and Health AU - Lee, Sanghoon AU - Moon, Ji-Won AU - Moon, Hi-Soo Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 433 EP - 452 PB - Springer, London VL - 25 IS - 4 SN - 0269-4042, 0269-4042 KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - Far East KW - sewage KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - Korea KW - Anyang River KW - sediments KW - trace elements KW - Asia KW - water pollution KW - fluvial environment KW - heavy metals KW - South Korea KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50078117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geochemistry+and+Health&rft.atitle=Heavy+metals+in+the+bed+and+suspended+sediments+of+Anyang+River%2C+Korea%3B+implications+for+water+quality&rft.au=Lee%2C+Sanghoon%3BMoon%2C+Ji-Won%3BMoon%2C+Hi-Soo&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Sanghoon&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geochemistry+and+Health&rft.issn=02694042&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FB%3AEGAH.0000004567.80084.d1 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100162/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anyang River; Asia; concentration; Far East; fluvial environment; heavy metals; human activity; Korea; pollutants; pollution; sediments; sewage; South Korea; stream sediments; suspended materials; trace elements; water pollution; water quality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:EGAH.0000004567.80084.d1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A physiologically based biokinetic model for cesium in the human body AN - 19220622; 5778277 AB - A physiologically descriptive model of the biological behavior of cesium in the human body has been constructed around a detailed blood flow model. The rate of transfer from plasma into a tissue is determined by the blood perfusion rate and the tissue-specific extraction fraction of Cs during passage from arterial to venous plasma. Information on tissue-specific extraction of Cs is supplemented with information on the Cs analogues, K and Rb, and known patterns of discrimination between these metals by tissues. The rate of return from a tissue to plasma is estimated from the relative contents of Cs in plasma and the tissue at equilibrium as estimated from environmental studies. Transfers of Cs other than exchange between plasma and tissues (e.g. secretions into the gastrointestinal tract) are based on a combination of physiological considerations and empirical data on Cs or related elements. Model predictions are consistent with the sizable database on the time-dependent distribution and retention of radiocesium in the human body. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Leggett, R W AU - Williams, L R AU - Melo AU - Lipsztein, J L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, rwl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 235 EP - 255 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 317 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - man KW - pharmacokinetics KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Tissues KW - Mathematical models KW - Cesium KW - Heavy metals KW - Physiology KW - Blood KW - Kinetics KW - Radioisotopes KW - W4 150:Medical Imaging KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19220622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=A+physiologically+based+biokinetic+model+for+cesium+in+the+human+body&rft.au=Leggett%2C+R+W%3BWilliams%2C+L+R%3BMelo%3BLipsztein%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=317&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0048-9697%2803%2900333-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cesium; Physiology; Kinetics; Blood; Tissues; Radioisotopes; Mathematical models; Heavy metals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00333-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of heavy metal ions using protein-functionalized microcantilever sensors AN - 19215597; 5774814 AB - Microcantilevers functionalized with metal-binding protein, AgNt84-6, are demonstrated to be sensors for the detection of heavy metal ions like Hg super(2+) and Zn super(2+). AgNt84-6, a protein that has the ability to bind multiple atoms of Ni super(2+), Zn super(2+), Co super(2+), Cu super(2+), Cd super(2+) and Hg super(2+) was attached to the gold-coated side of silicon nitride cantilevers via linker groups. Upon exposure to 0.1 mM HgCl sub(2) and 0.1 mM ZnCl sub(2) solutions, the microcantilevers underwent bending corresponding to an expanding gold side. Exposure to a 0.1 mM solution of MnCl sub(2) solution did not result in a similar bending indicating a weak or no interaction of Mn super(2+) ions with the AgNt84-6 protein. The microcantilever bending data were consistent with data from electrophoresis carried out on SDS-PAGE gels containing metal ions that showed protein interaction with Zn super(2+) ions but not with Mn super(2+) ions. Thus, we demonstrate that microcantilever bending can be used to discriminate between metal ions that bind and do not bind to AgNt84-6 protein in real time. JF - Biosensors & Bioelectronics AU - Cherian, S AU - Gupta, R K AU - Mullin, B C AU - Thundat, T AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4500S, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6123, USA, thundattg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 411 EP - 416 PB - Elsevier Advanced Technology, 660 White Plains Rd. Tarrytown NY 10591-5153 USA VL - 19 IS - 5 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - metal-binding protein KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biosensors KW - silicon nitride KW - Heavy metals KW - W4 230:Biosensors, Bioelectronics & Bioindicators KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19215597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.atitle=Detection+of+heavy+metal+ions+using+protein-functionalized+microcantilever+sensors&rft.au=Cherian%2C+S%3BGupta%2C+R+K%3BMullin%2C+B+C%3BThundat%2C+T&rft.aulast=Cherian&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0956-5663%2803%2900226-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biosensors; silicon nitride; Heavy metals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0956-5663(03)00226-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phenological responses in maple to experimental atmospheric warming and CO sub(2) enrichment AN - 17851346; 5826371 AB - Evidence that global warming has altered the phenology of the biosphere, possibly contributing to increased plant production in the northern hemisphere, has come from a diversity of observations at scales ranging from the view of the back yard to satellite images of the earth. These observations, coupled with an understanding of the effects of temperature on plant phenology, suggest that future changes in the atmosphere and climate could alter plant phenology with unknown or unpredictable consequences. We assessed the effects of simulated climatic warming and atmospheric CO sub(2) enrichment on the spring and autumn phenology of maple trees (Acer rubrum and A. saccharum) growing for four years in open-top field chambers. CO sub(2) enrichment (+300 ppm) had no consistent effects on the timing of budbreak and leaf unfolding in the spring or leaf abscission in the autumn. Warming (+4 degree C) usually had predictable effects: in two of the three years of assessment, budbreak occurred earlier in warm chambers than in ambient temperature chambers, and leaf abscission always occurred later. The lengthening of the growing season could contribute to increased productivity, although effects of temperature on other physiological processes can concurrently have negative effects on productivity. In 1995, budbreak was unexpectedly delayed in the warmer chambers, apparently the result of advanced budbreak leading to injury from a late-spring frost. Likewise, there was increased risk associated with longer leaf retention in the autumn: in 1994, leaves in the warm chambers were killed by freezing temperatures before they had senesced. These observations support the premise that global warming could increase the length of the growing season. Phenological responses should, therefore, be part of any assessment of the possible consequences of global change, but our results also suggest that those responses may not always have positive effects on production. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Norby, R J AU - Hartz-Rubin, J S AU - Verbrugge, MJ AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, St Olaf College, Northfield, MN 55057, USA, Earlham College, Richmond, IA 47374, USA, rjn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 1792 EP - 1801 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 9 IS - 12 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Red maple KW - Sugar maple KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Climatic change influences on phenology KW - Acer saccharum KW - Growing season KW - Tree phenology KW - Biosphere KW - Acer rubrum KW - Phenology KW - Global warming KW - Carbon dioxide effects on trees KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Freezing temperatures KW - Atmospheric conditions KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) KW - M2 551.506:Periodical Observations (551.506) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17851346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Phenological+responses+in+maple+to+experimental+atmospheric+warming+and+CO+sub%282%29+enrichment&rft.au=Norby%2C+R+J%3BHartz-Rubin%2C+J+S%3BVerbrugge%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1792&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2486.2003.00714.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acer rubrum; Acer saccharum; Phenology; Global warming; Atmospheric conditions; Carbon dioxide; Growing season; Freezing temperatures; Biosphere; Climatic change influences on phenology; Tree phenology; Carbon dioxide effects on trees DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2003.00714.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Finite-bandwidth effects on the causal prediction of ultrasonic attenuation of the power-law form. AN - 85366627; pmid-14650013 AB - Kramers-Kronig (K-K) relations exist as a consequence of causality, placing nonlocal constraints on the relationship between dispersion and absorption. The finite-bandwidth method of applying these relations is examined where the K-K integrals are restricted to the spectrum of the experimental data. These finite-bandwidth K-K relations are known to work with resonant-type data and here are applied to dispersion data consistent with a power-law attenuation coefficient (exponent from 1 to 2). Bandwidth-restricted forms of the zero and once-subtracted K-K relations are used to determine the attenuation coefficient from phase velocity. Analytically, it is shown that these transforms produce the proper power-law form of the attenuation coefficient as a stand-alone term summed with artifacts that are dependent on the integration limits. Calculations are performed to demonstrate how these finite-bandwidth artifacts affect the K-K predictions under a variety of conditions. The predictions are studied in a local context as a function of subtraction frequency, bandwidth, and power-law exponent. The K-K predictions of the power-law exponent within various decades of the spectrum are also examined. In general, the agreement between finite-bandwidth K-K predictions and exact values grows as the power-law exponent approaches 1 and with increasing bandwidth. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Mobley, Joel AU - Waters, Kendall R AU - Miller, James G AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6101, USA. Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - Nov 2003 SP - 2782 EP - 2790 VL - 114 IS - 5 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - *Models, Theoretical KW - *Ultrasonics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85366627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Finite-bandwidth+effects+on+the+causal+prediction+of+ultrasonic+attenuation+of+the+power-law+form.&rft.au=Mobley%2C+Joel%3BWaters%2C+Kendall+R%3BMiller%2C+James+G&rft.aulast=Mobley&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2782&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineralogical characteristics and transformations during long-term operation of a zerovalent iron reactive barrier. AN - 71470943; 14674525 AB - Design and operation of Fe0 permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) can be improved by understanding the long-term mineralogical transformations that occur within PRBs. Changes in mineral precipitates, cementation, and corrosion of Fe0 filings within an in situ pilot-scale PRB were examined after the first 30 months of operation and compared with results of a previous study of the PRB conducted 15 months earlier using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy employing energy dispersive X-ray and backscatter electron analyses. Iron (oxy)hydroxides, aragonite, and maghemite and/or magnetite occurred throughout the cores collected 30 mo after installation. Goethite, lepidocrocite, mackinawite, aragonite, calcite, and siderite were associated with oxidized and cemented areas, while green rusts were detected in more reduced zones. Basic differences from our last detailed investigation include (i) mackinawite crystallized from amorphous FeS, (ii) aragonite transformed into calcite, (iii) akaganeite transformed to goethite and lepidocrocite, (iv) iron (oxy)hydroxides and calcium and iron carbonate minerals increased, (v) cementation was greater in the more recent study, and (vi) oxidation, corrosion, and disintegration of Fe0 filings were greater, especially in cemented areas, in the more recent study. If the degree of corrosion and cementation that was observed from 15 to 30 mo after installation continues, certain portions of the PRB (i.e., up-gradient entrance of the ground water to the Fe0 section of the PRB) may last less than five more years, thus reducing the effectiveness of the PRB to mitigate contaminants. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Phillips, D H AU - Watson, D B AU - Roh, Y AU - Gu, B AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. dhphillips2003@yahoo.com PY - 2003 SP - 2033 EP - 2045 VL - 32 IS - 6 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - 0 KW - Iron Compounds KW - Minerals KW - Oxides KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Calcium Carbonate KW - H0G9379FGK KW - Ferrosoferric Oxide KW - XM0M87F357 KW - Index Medicus KW - Permeability KW - Iron Compounds -- chemistry KW - Calcium Carbonate -- chemistry KW - X-Ray Diffraction KW - Humans KW - Oxides -- chemistry KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Conservation of Natural Resources KW - Minerals -- chemistry KW - Iron -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71470943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=Mineralogical+characteristics+and+transformations+during+long-term+operation+of+a+zerovalent+iron+reactive+barrier.&rft.au=Phillips%2C+D+H%3BWatson%2C+D+B%3BRoh%2C+Y%3BGu%2C+B&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2033&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-29 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors influencing the analytical performance of an atmospheric sampling glow discharge ionization source as revealed via ionization dynamics modeling. AN - 71332451; 14597122 AB - A kinetic model is developed for the dynamic events occurring within an atmospheric sampling glow discharge that affect its performance as an ion source for analytical mass spectrometry. The differential equations incorporate secondary electron generation and thermalization, reagent and analyte ion formation via electron capture and ion-molecule reactions, ion loss via recombination processes, diffusion, and ion-molecule reactions with matrix components, and the sampling and pumping parameters of the source. Because the ion source has a flow-through configuration, the number densities of selected species can be estimated by applying the steady-state assumption. However, understanding of its operation is aided by knowledge of the dynamic behavior, so numerical methods are applied to examine the time dependence of those species as well. As in other plasma ionization sources, the ionization efficiency is essentially determined by the ratio of the relevant ion formation and recombination rates. Although thermal electron and positive reagent ion number densities are comparable, the electron capture/ion-molecule reaction rate coefficient ratio is normally quite large and the ion-electron recombination rate coefficient is about an order of magnitude greater than that for ion-ion recombination. Consequently, the efficiency for negative analyte ion formation via electron capture is generally superior to that for positive analyte ion generation via ion-molecule reaction. However, the efficiency for positive analyte ion formation should be equal to or better than that for negative analyte ions when both ionization processes occur via ion-molecule reaction processes (with comparable rate coefficients), since the negative reagent ion density is considerably less than that for positive reagent ions. Furthermore, the particularly high number densities of thermal electrons and reagent ions leads to a large dynamic range of linear response for the source. Simulation results also suggest that analyte ion number densities might be enhanced by modification of the standard physical and operating parameters of the source. JF - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry AU - Goeringer, Douglas E AD - Organic and Biological Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6131, USA. goeringerde@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 1315 EP - 1326 VL - 14 IS - 11 SN - 1044-0305, 1044-0305 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Kinetics KW - Algorithms KW - Models, Chemical KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Air Ionization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71332451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Factors+influencing+the+analytical+performance+of+an+atmospheric+sampling+glow+discharge+ionization+source+as+revealed+via+ionization+dynamics+modeling.&rft.au=Goeringer%2C+Douglas+E&rft.aulast=Goeringer&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=10440305&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-17 N1 - Date created - 2003-11-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace element and isotope microanalyses support a deep ore fluid source at the Getchell carlin-type gold deposit, northern Nevada AN - 51841732; 2004-040917 AB - A consensus on the genesis of Carlin-type Au deposits remains elusive owing, in part, to the presence of superimposed hydrothermal events at most deposits and the fine-grained nature of ore minerals that provide for challenging paragenetic studies. Important conclusions from previous Carlin studies include: submicron Au occurs in trace-element rich pyrite, a wide, mostly positive, range of S isotopes is consistent with thermochemical reduction of sulfate S from sedimentary rocks, O and H isotopes indicate a deep ore fluid source at Getchell, but identified a meteoric fluid in the northern Carlin trend, and inclusion ore fluids from Getchell contain dilute magmatic/mantle He. Recent microanalyses of ore pyrite at Getchell include quantitative electron microprobe (EMPA), LA-ICP-MS, and ion probe S isotope (SIMS) analyses, and back scatter electron imaging (BEI). BEI has revealed <0.5 micrometer ore pyrite rims, not visible under a microscope, on anhedral pre-ore pyrite; textures suggest dissolution of pre-ore pyrite prior to ore pyrite deposition. EMPA and LA-ICP-MS analyses quantified metals, provided profiles documenting elemental changes across grains, and identified Au-bearing trace element suites. Quantitative profiles across zoned grains place some elemental suites in a paragenetic context. Collectively, analyses show that Au is consistently associated with As, Hg, and Cu, and variably associated with Sb, Tl, Te, Al, and Pb; Zn, Se, and Ag are near or below detection limits. Al occurs locally in outer rims and may be added to ore fluid in response to fluid-rock reaction near the site of Au deposition. Highest Au concentrations ( approximately 4000 ppm) occur in innermost rims and are accompanied by As, Hg, Cu, Te+ or -Tl+ or -Sb. S isotopes in pre-ore pyrite are variable, whereas analyses of ore-stage pyrite cluster around 0 per mil (+ or -3 per mil). Calculations for ore pyrite and late ore orpiment and realgar indicate an increase in the S isotopic ratio of ore fluid H2S over time. These results permit a magmatic source for S. Microanalyses continue to support a deep ore fluid source at Getchell. Intriguingly, a fluid could acquire the high-Au metal suite through metal partitioning to, or generation of, a low-density aqueous vapor. Results are consistent with generation of an ore fluid during deep crustal magmatic and/or orogenic processes. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Cline, Jean S AU - Shields, David AU - Riciputi, Lee AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Copp, Tracy L AU - Muntean, John AU - Hofstra, Albert H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 358 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - inductively coupled plasma methods KW - laser methods KW - isotopes KW - northern Nevada KW - ore-forming fluids KW - Humboldt County Nevada KW - electron probe KW - quantitative analysis KW - gold ores KW - Nevada KW - mines KW - chemical analysis KW - carlin-type deposits KW - laser ablation KW - mass spectroscopy KW - trace-element analyses KW - Getchell Mine KW - paragenesis KW - ion probe KW - metal ores KW - sulfur KW - pyrite KW - sulfides KW - spectroscopy KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51841732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Trace+element+and+isotope+microanalyses+support+a+deep+ore+fluid+source+at+the+Getchell+carlin-type+gold+deposit%2C+northern+Nevada&rft.au=Cline%2C+Jean+S%3BShields%2C+David%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee%3BFayek%2C+Mostafa%3BCopp%2C+Tracy+L%3BMuntean%2C+John%3BHofstra%2C+Albert+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cline&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=358&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carlin-type deposits; chemical analysis; electron probe; Getchell Mine; gold ores; Humboldt County Nevada; inductively coupled plasma methods; ion probe; isotopes; laser ablation; laser methods; mass spectroscopy; metal ores; mineral deposits, genesis; mines; Nevada; northern Nevada; ore-forming fluids; paragenesis; pyrite; quantitative analysis; spectroscopy; sulfides; sulfur; trace-element analyses; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing transient storage influences on nutrient spiraling; an updated approach AN - 51827100; 2004-041031 AB - Studies relating transient storage and nutrient uptake (i.e., spiraling) in streams have been equivocal. In some cases, strong relationships have been found between measures of nutrient spiraling (e.g., uptake length, uptake velocity, uptake rate) and various metrics describing the nature of transient storage. For headwater streams, the magnitude of transient storage is often used to represent the extent of exchange between the channel water and hyporheic zone. At the same time, spiraling metrics are sensitive to the enrichment effect associated with solute injection experiments. Recently, our research group has been involved in multiple projects applying heavy nitrogen isotopes to headwater streams to generate accurate measures of nitrate spiraling. In this presentation, we interpret the results of over 20 solute injection experiments involving heavy nitrate and transient storage modeling to assess spatial and temporal variation in the hydrology and biogeochemistry of headwater streams. Data were gathered from six sites chosen to provide contrasting hyporheic interaction across a gradient of terrestrial-aquatic interaction. Normalized transient storage ranged from 0.11-1.92 while the exchange coefficient varied over two orders of magnitude (0.004-0.40 min (super -1) ). A number of metrics that emphasize different aspects of storage are used to address its influence on nutrient uptake. Results are also analyzed in light of recent modeling efforts suggesting that it is critical to address the range of values for the transient storage exchange coefficient when addressing how the size of the transient storage zone may influence nitrogen spiraling. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Valett, H Maurice AU - Thomas, Steven A AU - Mulholland, Patrick J AU - Webster, Jackson R AU - Dahm, Clifford N AU - Peterson, Christopher G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 377 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - hydrology KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - hyporheic zone KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - nutrients KW - hydrologic cycle KW - transient phenomena KW - streamflow KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51827100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Assessing+transient+storage+influences+on+nutrient+spiraling%3B+an+updated+approach&rft.au=Valett%2C+H+Maurice%3BThomas%2C+Steven+A%3BMulholland%2C+Patrick+J%3BWebster%2C+Jackson+R%3BDahm%2C+Clifford+N%3BPeterson%2C+Christopher+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Valett&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geochemistry; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrochemistry; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; hyporheic zone; nutrients; rivers and streams; streamflow; surface water; transient phenomena ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled geochemical and hydrologic processes governing Cr(VI) transport in Hanford Formation sediments AN - 51811714; 2004-065431 AB - Accelerated migration of Cr(VI) in the vadose zone has been observed beneath the tank farms at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Reservation. This paper focuses on quantifying the coupled hydrologic and geochemical processes controlling the transport of Cr(VI) in the unsaturated sediments beneath the Hanford tank farms. Our approach involves the use of bench-scale sorption and transport experiments as well as field-relevant, long-term unsaturated transport experiments in undisturbed sediments from the Hanford Formation. Kinetic batch sorption experiments and repacked saturated columns were used to quantify geochemical processes controlling the rates and mechanisms of Cr(VI) interactions with a variety of Hanford sediments. Results indicate that Cr(VI) is reactive in the Hanford media, as evidenced by retardation and mass loss of Cr(VI) during transport. It is hypothesized that magnetite and biotite are probable sources of Fe(II) that promote the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and hence the precipitation of Cr(III)/iron oxide. Unsaturated flow experiments were conducted in the undisturbed cores using multiple non-reactive tracers and Cr(VI) to investigate coupled geochemical and hydrologic processes. Results suggest that physical non-equilibrium processes such as preferential finger-flow coupled with immobile water as well as sediment mineralogy may control Cr(VI) transport in the Hanford Formation. This study shows that investigative approaches using a combination of batch and transport experiments will contribute to the conceptual and quantitative understanding of contaminant mobility in the Hanford vadose zone. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Pace, M N AU - Mayes, M A AU - Jardine, P M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 532 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - toxic materials KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - transport KW - metals KW - sediments KW - Pleistocene KW - waste disposal KW - geochemistry KW - chromium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Coupled+geochemical+and+hydrologic+processes+governing+Cr%28VI%29+transport+in+Hanford+Formation+sediments&rft.au=Pace%2C+M+N%3BMayes%2C+M+A%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pace&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=532&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; chromium; geochemistry; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; metals; Pleistocene; pollutants; pollution; Quaternary; radioactive waste; sediments; toxic materials; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of fission products and Pu migration in the Okelobondo reactor zone using SIMS AN - 51782043; 2004-083314 AB - Approximately 2 Ga ago, natural nuclear fission reactors operated in the Oklo-Okelobondo uranium deposit in Gabon, Africa, resulting in the production of fission products, actinides and a decrease in the (super 235) U/ (super 238) U ratio to values as low as 0.0029. The Oklo reactors have been studied extensively as a natural analogue to the mobility of radionuclides in a nuclear waste repository. Based on isotopic ratios of selected fission products, the reactor neutronics (e.g., neutron fluence, spectrum index, restitution factor and proportion of fission events due to (super 235) U and (super 239) Pu fission) can be calculated. Previously, chemical separation and TIMS analyses of bulk samples have been used to characterize the fissiogenic nuclides in uraninite (UO (sub 2+x) ) to determine the average neutronic parameters of each reactor zone. In this study, high spatial resolution secondary ionization mass spectrometry (SIMS) measurements of fissiogenic isotopic ratios (super 125) Te/ (super 130) Te, (super 128) Te/ (super 130) Te, (super 145) Nd/ (super 146) Nd and (super 235) U/ (super 238) U were measured in uraninite from the Okelobondo reactor zone. This reactor zone and periphery ( approximately 3 m by 1.5 m) were systematically sampled to reconstruct a two-dimensional distribution of isotopic variations, from which spatial variations in reactor neutronics were determined. Within a single sample (mu m to mm scale), the (super 235) U/ (super 238) U varies by as much as 2.5 %. At the reactor zone scale (meters), the (super 235) U/ (super 238) U ratio varies by 17% (0.00643-0.00776). Depletion relative to the present day (super 235) U/ (super 238) U ratio (0.00725) is due to fission of (super 235) U, which is a function of neutron flux that depends on the reactor zone geometry and composition. Enrichment of (super 235) U relative to the present day value occurs in 5 of 18 samples and results from the formation and decay of (super 239) Pu to (super 235) U (via neutron capture and b-decay reactions; followed by a-decay; t (sub 1/2) = 24,100 yr), as opposed to the consumption of (super 239) Pu that would further deplete (super 235) U. Enrichment suggests that water, a moderator in the natural reactors that was heated to temperatures as high as 380 degrees C, caused the mobilization of Pu during criticality. Consistent with this hypothesis, the samples most enriched in (super 235) U are in uraninite within the organic-rich clays adjacent to the reactor core. The additional neutronic parameters calculated from the other isotopic pairs and their spatial variation will also be presented. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Palenik, Christopher S AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Jensen, Keld A AU - Ewing, Rodney C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 237 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - ion probe data KW - geologic hazards KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - plutonium KW - mass spectra KW - human ecology KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Oklo KW - mineral composition KW - movement KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - fission KW - depletion KW - soils KW - mines KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - Gabon KW - Central Africa KW - metals KW - Okelobondo Site KW - Africa KW - uraninite KW - actinides KW - Pu-240 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51782043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+fission+products+and+Pu+migration+in+the+Okelobondo+reactor+zone+using+SIMS&rft.au=Palenik%2C+Christopher+S%3BFayek%2C+Mostafa%3BJensen%2C+Keld+A%3BEwing%2C+Rodney+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Palenik&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Africa; Central Africa; chemical composition; depletion; fission; Gabon; geochemistry; geologic hazards; human ecology; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; metals; mineral composition; mines; movement; Okelobondo Site; Oklo; oxides; plutonium; pollution; Pu-240; radioactive isotopes; radioactivity; soils; spectra; uraninite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiproperty fit of equations of state by generalized nonlinear least squares; application to the CO2-H2O system AN - 51780454; 2004-083346 AB - The description of geochemical fluid-phase equilibria frequently requires equations of state (EOS) capable of simultaneously representing the pressure-density isotherms of the single-phase fluids and the pressure-composition-density relationships in the liquid-vapor coexistence region. The literature contains many examples of EOS that are forced to reproduce one of these fluid properties, but are found to predict erroneous values of the others. Such difficulties are usually attributed to limitations inherent in the analytical form of the equations, rather than the statistical methods by which the EOS parameters are estimated. We show that application of Generalized Nonlinear Least Squares (GNLS)--in which the conventional distinction between dependent and independent variables is abandoned--can greatly enhance the ability of EOS to provide self-consistent representations of various fluid properties. GNLS differs from conventional Weighted Nonlinear Least Squares (WNLS) in its use of simultaneous iteration for the model-dependent parameters and estimates of the error-free values of the measurements; the postulated functional relationship enters as a constraint to be satisfied by these estimated variables. Existing GNLS algorithms, designed for fit of a single equation, require modification to deal with the large composite data sets on which equations of state are often based. A new procedure incorporating these modifications is described and applied to the fit of a cubic EOS to pvT and saturation data for CO2, H2O, and CO2-H2O mixtures. It is concluded that accurate representations of vapor pressures and pressure-density isotherms for pure fluids are not mutually exclusive, as is commonly supposed. Research sponsored by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Marshall, Simon L AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 592 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - density KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - fluid phase KW - hydrochemistry KW - least-squares analysis KW - carbon dioxide KW - phase equilibria KW - digital simulation KW - equations of state KW - algorithms KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51780454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Multiproperty+fit+of+equations+of+state+by+generalized+nonlinear+least+squares%3B+application+to+the+CO2-H2O+system&rft.au=Marshall%2C+Simon+L%3BBlencoe%2C+James+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=592&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; carbon dioxide; data processing; density; digital simulation; equations of state; fluid phase; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; least-squares analysis; numerical models; phase equilibria; pressure; statistical analysis; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Origin of coexisting plagioclases (andesine-anorthite) in the Boehls Butte Anorthosite, northern Idaho AN - 51759740; 2005-010963 AB - The origin of the unusual bimodal mineralogy (andesine An (sub 34-48) and anorthite An (sub 92-98) ) of the Boehls Butte anorthosite (BBA) has been debated for many years. Hypotheses proposed for its origin include (1) metasomatic alteration of sedimentary or igneous rocks; (2) subsolidus exsolution, shear differentiation or metamorphic coarsening of intermediate plagioclase, and; (3) magmatic crystallization, inclusion of metasedimentary restite and hydrothermal alteration; each of these hypotheses is problematic. We have previously reported O-isotope evidence of a complex history of retrograde interaction of the BBA with meteoric-hydrothermal fluids. In situ, SIMS O-isotope analyses indicate inter- and intra-plag delta (super 18) O variability of 3-6 per mil, with localized plag values as low as -16 per mil V-SMOW, and preservation of very steep, fine-scale gradients in delta (super 18) O (up to 20 per mil over 600 mu m; Mora et al. 1999). Correspondence between the modal % of anorthite and low w.r. delta (super 18) O suggest a hydrothermal mechanism for producing the unusual plag assemblage. CL petrography further supports interpretation of anorthite grains as the foci of retrograde fluid flow. Experimental studies by Orville (1972) and others have noted the rapid anorthitization of more-sodic plag at high T in the presence of a Ca-bearing brine, where altered plag may retain its shape, twin boundaries, etc. A similar reaction is invoked to explain the unusual textural and isotopic characteristics of the BBA. Removal of quartz in the hydrothermal fluid creates a large ( approximately 26%) void volume and significant reaction-enhanced permeability in the BBA. This provides a mechanism, in addition to brittle failure, to accommodate rapid influx and variable and widespread transport of meteoric- hydrothermal fluids through the BBA during late stage decompression, extension, and rapid unroofing of the BBA complex. The fractional conversion of andesine to anorthite and (super 18) O shifts in plag can be used to constrain fluid-rock ratios and, with other constraints, to estimate the fluid fluxes responsible for isotopic resetting. The calculated values are much larger than typical for regional metamorphic systems, but not unreasonable for those estimated for hydrothermal circulation associated with intrusive systems. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Mora, C I AU - Riciputi, L R AU - Cole, D R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 631 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - upper Precambrian KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - Boehls Butte Anorthosite KW - stable isotopes KW - anorthite KW - plutonic rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - framework silicates KW - geochemistry KW - coexisting minerals KW - Idaho KW - plagioclase KW - Precambrian KW - textures KW - isotope ratios KW - Proterozoic KW - O-18/O-16 KW - northern Idaho KW - anorthosite KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - andesine KW - feldspar group KW - permeability KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51759740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Origin+of+coexisting+plagioclases+%28andesine-anorthite%29+in+the+Boehls+Butte+Anorthosite%2C+northern+Idaho&rft.au=Mora%2C+C+I%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mora&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=631&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - andesine; anorthite; anorthosite; Boehls Butte Anorthosite; coexisting minerals; feldspar group; framework silicates; geochemistry; hydrothermal conditions; Idaho; igneous rocks; isotope ratios; isotopes; northern Idaho; O-18/O-16; oxygen; permeability; plagioclase; plutonic rocks; Precambrian; Proterozoic; silicates; stable isotopes; textures; United States; upper Precambrian; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nano- and micro-scale alteration of uraninite at the Oklo-Okelobondo natural fission reactors, Gabon AN - 51715687; 2005-040700 AB - High spatial resolution (10-30 mu m) in situ U-Pb and oxygen isotopic analyses by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) coupled with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to characterize two alteration events associated with the Oklo-Okelobondo natural fission reactors. Reactor zones that occur in near surface environments have low delta (super 18) O values and nanotextures that are consistent with interaction with ground water. These low delta (super 18) O values (-14.4% to -8.5%) suggest that the minerals exchanged with groundwater that was of meteoric origin. U-Pb ages of uraninite from these reactor zones suggest that fluid-mineral interaction occurred with present-day meteoric fluids. Some reactor zones are extensively altered to Si-rich uraninite and coffinite. Uraninites from these reactor zones give U-Pb ages that are consistent with emplacement of a local dike swarm at 860 Ma. In contrast, reactor zones that occur at depth have largely retained both their U-Pb ages and original oxygen isotopic composition (-10.2% to -5.6%), and uraninites are well crystallized and essentially defect-free. These observations clearly demonstrate that by combining both HRTEM and in situ isotopic analyses by SIMS, it is possible to characterize and determine the timing of post depositional alteration of micro-scale uranium-bearing phases. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Utsunomiya, Satoshi AU - Ewing, Rodney C AU - Riciputi, Lee AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 518 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - silicates KW - alteration KW - upper Precambrian KW - U/Pb KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Oklo KW - orthosilicates KW - absolute age KW - stratigraphic units KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - coffinite KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - fission KW - Okelobondo Deposit KW - Neoproterozoic KW - zircon group KW - meteoric water KW - Precambrian KW - isotope ratios KW - Proterozoic KW - Gabon KW - electron microscopy data KW - Central Africa KW - O-18/O-16 KW - nesosilicates KW - uranium ores KW - metal ores KW - Africa KW - uraninite KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51715687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Nano-+and+micro-scale+alteration+of+uraninite+at+the+Oklo-Okelobondo+natural+fission+reactors%2C+Gabon&rft.au=Fayek%2C+Mostafa%3BUtsunomiya%2C+Satoshi%3BEwing%2C+Rodney+C%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fayek&rft.aufirst=Mostafa&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=518&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Africa; alteration; Central Africa; chemical composition; coffinite; electron microscopy data; fission; Gabon; geochemistry; ground water; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; metal ores; meteoric water; Neoproterozoic; nesosilicates; O-18/O-16; Okelobondo Deposit; Oklo; orthosilicates; oxides; oxygen; Precambrian; Proterozoic; sedimentary rocks; silicates; spectra; stable isotopes; stratigraphic units; U/Pb; upper Precambrian; uraninite; uranium ores; zircon group ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Small-angle X-ray scattering measurement of the internal microstructure of natural zircon crystals AN - 51443002; 2007-043352 JF - Physics and Chemistry of Minerals AU - Radlinski, A P AU - Claoue-Long, J AU - Hinde, A L AU - Radlinska, E Z AU - Lin, J S Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 631 EP - 640 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin - New York VL - 30 IS - 10 SN - 0342-1791, 0342-1791 KW - silicates KW - methods KW - U/Pb KW - microstructure KW - lead KW - crystal structure KW - Sri Lanka KW - small-angle methods KW - small-angle X-ray scattering KW - orthosilicates KW - metamict minerals KW - absolute age KW - applications KW - spectra KW - Asia KW - zircon group KW - diffusion KW - radiation damage KW - zircon KW - SAXS KW - TEM data KW - nesosilicates KW - X-ray data KW - Raman spectra KW - metals KW - uranium KW - wave dispersion KW - actinides KW - megacrysts KW - 03:Geochronology KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51443002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.atitle=Small-angle+X-ray+scattering+measurement+of+the+internal+microstructure+of+natural+zircon+crystals&rft.au=Radlinski%2C+A+P%3BClaoue-Long%2C+J%3BHinde%2C+A+L%3BRadlinska%2C+E+Z%3BLin%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Radlinski&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=631&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=03421791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00269-003-0352-0 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100449/?p=e597e977f1914094b3810f7e67f0a453&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - PCMIDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; actinides; applications; Asia; crystal structure; diffusion; lead; megacrysts; metals; metamict minerals; methods; microstructure; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; radiation damage; Raman spectra; SAXS; silicates; small-angle methods; small-angle X-ray scattering; spectra; Sri Lanka; TEM data; U/Pb; uranium; wave dispersion; X-ray data; zircon; zircon group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-003-0352-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preferential flow path development and its influence on long-term PRB performance: column study AN - 19951196; 5743847 AB - The operating life of an Fe super(0)-based permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is limited due to chemical reactions of Fe super(0) in groundwater. The relative contributions from mineral precipitation, gas production, and microbial activity to the degradation of PRB performance have been uncertain. In this controlled field study, nitrate-rich, site groundwater was treated by Fe super(0) in large- volume, flow-through columns to monitor the changes in chemical and hydraulic parameters over time. Tracer tests showed a close relationship between hydraulic residence time and pH measurements. The ionic profiles suggest that mineral precipitation and accumulation is the primary mechanism for pore clogging around the inlet of the column. Accumulated N sub(2) gas generated by biotic processes also affected the hydraulics although the effects were secondary to that of mineral precipitation. Quantitative estimates indicate a porosity reduction of up to 45.3% near the column inlet over 72 days of operation under accelerated flow conditions. According to this study, preferential flow through a PRB at a site with similar groundwater chemistry should be detected over similar to 1 year of operation. During the early operation of a PRB, pH is a key indicator for monitoring the change in hydraulic residence time resulting from heterogeneity development. If the surrounding native material is more conductive than the clogged Fe-media, groundwater bypass may render the PRB ineffective for treating contaminated groundwater. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Kamolpornwijit, W AU - Liang, L AU - West, O R AU - Moline, G R AU - Sullivan, AB AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6036, USA, liang@cf.ac.uk Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - Nov 2003 SP - 161 EP - 178 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 66 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Permeable reactive barrier KW - Zero-valent iron KW - Mineral precipitation KW - Heterogeneity development KW - Long-term performance KW - Preferential flow KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Hydraulics KW - Iron in groundwater KW - Groundwater Barriers KW - Degradation KW - Chemistry of groundwater KW - Pollution prevention KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Tracers KW - Soil porosity KW - Chemical Reactions KW - Hydrology KW - Tracer techniques KW - pH KW - Hydraulic Properties KW - Experimental Data KW - Porosity KW - Hydraulic properties KW - Microbial activity KW - porosity KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Chemical reactions KW - Remediation KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Preferential Flow KW - Groundwater KW - Iron KW - Minerals KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - M2 556.38:Groundwater Basins (556.38) KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19951196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Preferential+flow+path+development+and+its+influence+on+long-term+PRB+performance%3A+column+study&rft.au=Kamolpornwijit%2C+W%3BLiang%2C+L%3BWest%2C+O+R%3BMoline%2C+G+R%3BSullivan%2C+AB&rft.aulast=Kamolpornwijit&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2803%2900031-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil porosity; Iron in groundwater; Chemistry of groundwater; Hydraulic properties; Groundwater pollution; Tracer techniques; Hydraulics; Pollution monitoring; Degradation; Pollution prevention; Microbial activity; porosity; Tracers; Chemical reactions; Hydrology; Groundwater; Minerals; pH; Porosity; Remediation; Groundwater Pollution; Iron; Experimental Data; Performance Evaluation; Groundwater Barriers; Chemical Reactions; Preferential Flow; Hydraulic Properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00031-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An analytical method for predicting surface soil moisture from rainfall observations AN - 19218572; 5771545 AB - A simple analytical method for estimating surface soil moisture directly from rainfall data is proposed and studied. Soil moisture dynamics are represented by a linear stochastic partial differential equation [Entekhabi and Rodriguez-Iturbe, 1994]. A diagnostic equation is derived from the soil moisture dynamics equation by eliminating the diffusion term. The derived daily soil moisture function is a time-weighted average of previous cumulative rainfall over a given period (e.g. >14 days). The advantage of this method is that information on the initial condition of soil moisture, which is often not available at all times and locations, is not needed. The loss coefficient in the diagnostic equation for soil moisture can be estimated from land surface characteristics and soil properties. The method for determining the averaging window size, the loss coefficient, and the infiltration coefficient are described and demonstrated. The soil moisture data observed during three field experiments, i.e. Monsoon'90, Washita'92, and SGP'97, are compared to the calculated soil moisture. The results indicate that the proposed method is robust and has the potential for useful soil moisture predictions. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Pan, F AU - Peters-Lidard, C D AU - Sale, MJ AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 39 IS - 11 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Citation No. 1314 KW - soil moisture KW - precipitation KW - Antecedent Precipitation Index (API) KW - loss coefficient KW - 1655 Global Change: Water cycles (1836) KW - 1704 History of Geophysics: Atmospheric sciences KW - 1719 History of Geophysics: Hydrology KW - 1866 Hydrology: Soil moisture KW - 1854 Hydrology: Precipitation (3354) KW - 1818 Hydrology: Evapotranspiration KW - Estimating Equations KW - Mathematical models KW - Rainfall KW - Soil/water systems KW - Soil Water KW - Precipitation KW - Rainfall data analysis KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Infiltration KW - Soil moisture models KW - Water Loss KW - Analytical models KW - Data Interpretation KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - M2 551.579.1:Water supply from precipitation (551.579.1) KW - M2 551.579.5:Soil moisture, percolation (551.579.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19218572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=An+analytical+method+for+predicting+surface+soil+moisture+from+rainfall+observations&rft.au=Pan%2C+F%3BPeters-Lidard%2C+C+D%3BSale%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003WR002142 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Publication date refers to online version. N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Infiltration; Soil moisture models; Analytical models; Rainfall data analysis; Soil/water systems; Precipitation; Water Loss; Performance Evaluation; Mathematical Studies; Estimating Equations; Rainfall; Soil Water; Data Interpretation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002142 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Widespread foliage delta super(15) N depletion under elevated CO sub(2) : inferences for the nitrogen cycle AN - 17841744; 5773214 AB - Leaf super(15)N signature is a powerful tool that can provide an integrated assessment of the nitrogen (N) cycle and whether it is influenced by rising atmospheric CO sub(2) concentration. We tested the hypothesis that elevated CO sub(2) significantly changes foliage delta super(15)N in a wide range of plant species and ecosystem types. This objective was achieved by determining the delta super(15)N of foliage of 27 field-grown plant species from six free-air CO sub(2) enrichment (FACE) experiments representing desert, temperate forest, Mediterranean-type, grassland prairie, and agricultural ecosystems. We found that within species, the delta super(15)N of foliage produced under elevated CO sub(2) was significantly lower (P<0.038) compared with that of foliage grown under ambient conditions. Further analysis of foliage delta super(15)N by life form and growth habit revealed that the CO sub(2) effect was consistent across all functional groups tested. The examination of two chaparral shrubs grown for 6 years under a wide range of CO sub(2) concentrations (25-75 Pa) also showed a significant and negative correlation between growth CO sub(2) and leaf delta super(15)N. In a select number of species, we measured bulk soil delta super(15)N at a depth of 10 cm, and found that the observed depletion of foliage delta super(15)N in response to elevated CO sub(2) was unrelated to changes in the soil delta super(15)N. While the data suggest a strong influence of elevated CO sub(2) on the N cycle in diverse ecosystems, the exact site(s) at which elevated CO sub(2) alters fractionating processes of the N cycle remains unclear. We cannot rule out the fact that the pattern of foliage delta super(15)N responses to elevated CO sub(2) reported here resulted from a general drop in delta super(15)N of the source N, caused by soil-driven processes. There is a stronger possibility, however, that the general depletion of foliage delta super(15)N under high CO sub(2) may have resulted from changes in the fractionating processes within the plant/mycorrhizal system. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Bassirirad, H AU - Constable, J V AU - Lussenhop, J AU - Kimball, BA AU - Norby, R J AU - Oechel, W C AU - Reich, P B AU - Schlesinger, W H AU - Zitzer, S AU - Sehtiya, H L AU - Silim, S AD - Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA, Department of Biology, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA, Water Conservation Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA Phoenix, AZ 85040, USA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA, parallel Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA, Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA, hormoz@uic.edu Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - Nov 2003 SP - 1582 EP - 1590 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 9 IS - 11 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Carbon dioxide effects on plants KW - Prairies KW - Foliage KW - Ecosystems KW - Deserts KW - Correlations KW - Forests KW - Nitrogen cycle KW - Carbon dioxide KW - D 04625:Plants - general KW - M2 551.586:Biometeorology and Bioclimatology (551.586) KW - M2 551.510.4:Composition of the atmosphere (551.510.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17841744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Widespread+foliage+delta+super%2815%29+N+depletion+under+elevated+CO+sub%282%29+%3A+inferences+for+the+nitrogen+cycle&rft.au=Bassirirad%2C+H%3BConstable%2C+J+V%3BLussenhop%2C+J%3BKimball%2C+BA%3BNorby%2C+R+J%3BOechel%2C+W+C%3BReich%2C+P+B%3BSchlesinger%2C+W+H%3BZitzer%2C+S%3BSehtiya%2C+H+L%3BSilim%2C+S&rft.aulast=Bassirirad&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1582&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2486.2003.00679.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Foliage; Nitrogen cycle; Deserts; Forests; Prairies; Carbon dioxide; Ecosystems; Correlations; Carbon dioxide effects on plants DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00679.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of waste issues associated with the production of new, lightweight, fuel-efficient vehicles AN - 17284487; 5624970 AB - This article assesses solid and hazardous wastes that would be generated through the production of new, lightweight, fuel-efficient vehicles. In these vehicles, steel is replaced with aluminum, titanium, magnesium, plastics, and glass and carbon fibers. In addition to total volumes, we pay particular attention to a subset of highly toxic chemical constituents in hazardous waste. The article also examines capacity in the United States to manage the solid and hazardous waste generation changes. Finally, we review the distribution of environmental impacts that changes in material composition would cause. The estimated generation of solid and hazardous wastes for each of the three new vehicles is greater than wastes for a base vehicle, although the United States has sufficient waste management capacity to handle these increases. Production of a subset of chemical constituents of hazardous waste, specifically those that are highly toxic, will decrease in most cases for the three new vehicles. Moving to these new materials could reduce mining for iron ore in the United States but increase the mining of bauxite for aluminum, magnesium, titanium, and other materials in such major countries as Canada, China, and Russia and in many small, developing countries, such as Guinea, Jamaica, and Sierra Leone. JF - Journal of Cleaner Production AU - Tonn, B E AU - Schexnayder, S M AU - Peretz, J H AU - Das, S AU - Waidley, G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, PO Box 2008, Building 4500N, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - Nov 2003 SP - 753 EP - 765 VL - 11 IS - 7 SN - 0959-6526, 0959-6526 KW - fuel efficient vehicles KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Titanium KW - Greater Antilles, Jamaica KW - Toxic materials KW - Automotive industry KW - Vehicles KW - Solid wastes KW - Waste management KW - USA KW - Canada KW - Guinea KW - Aluminum KW - Environmental changes KW - Sierra Leone KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Russia KW - Magnesium KW - Hazardous wastes KW - M3 1230:Sustainable Production KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17284487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Cleaner+Production&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+waste+issues+associated+with+the+production+of+new%2C+lightweight%2C+fuel-efficient+vehicles&rft.au=Tonn%2C+B+E%3BSchexnayder%2C+S+M%3BPeretz%2C+J+H%3BDas%2C+S%3BWaidley%2C+G&rft.aulast=Tonn&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=753&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Cleaner+Production&rft.issn=09596526&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0959-6526%2802%2900147-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Titanium; Environmental changes; Aluminum; Vehicles; Magnesium; Hazardous wastes; Automotive industry; Toxic materials; Solid wastes; Waste management; USA; Canada; Guinea; Greater Antilles, Jamaica; Sierra Leone; Russia; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0959-6526(02)00147-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diurnal and seasonal changes in stem increment and water use by yellow poplar trees in response to environmental stress AN - 1666298926; 5934034 AB - To evaluate indicators of whole-tree physiological responses to climate stress, we determined seasonal, daily and diurnal patterns of growth and water use in 10 yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) trees in a stand recently released from competition. Precise measurements of stem increment and sap flow made with automated electronic dendrometers and thermal dissipation probes, respectively, indicated close temporal linkages between water use and patterns of stem shrinkage and swelling during daily cycles of water depletion and recharge of extensible outer-stem tissues. These cycles also determined net daily basal area increment. Multivariate regression models based on a 123-day data series showed that daily diameter increments were related negatively to vapor pressure deficit (VPD), but positively to precipitation and temperature. The same model form with slight changes in coefficients yielded coefficients of determination of about 0.62 (0.57-0.66) across data subsets that included widely variable growth rates and VPDs. Model R super(2) was improved to 0.75 by using 3-day running mean daily growth data. Rapid recovery of stem diameter growth following short-term, diurnal reductions in VPD indicated that water stored in extensible stem tissues was part of a fast recharge system that limited hydration changes in the cambial zone during periods of water stress. There were substantial differences in the seasonal dynamics of growth among individual trees, and analyses indicated that faster-growing trees were more positively affected by precipitation, solar irradiance and temperature and more negatively affected by high VPD than slower-growing trees. There were no negative effects of ozone on daily growth rates in a year of low ozone concentrations. JF - Tree Physiology AU - McLaughlin, S B AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Nosal, M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA, mclaughlinsbrnl.gov Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 1125 EP - 1136 VL - 23 IS - 16 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Recharge KW - Hydration KW - Trees KW - Depletion KW - Climates KW - Temperature KW - Indicators KW - Probes KW - Automation KW - Hydrologic data KW - Growth rates KW - Precipitation KW - Water use KW - Water stress KW - Model studies KW - Vapor pressure KW - Ozone KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1666298926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=Diurnal+and+seasonal+changes+in+stem+increment+and+water+use+by+yellow+poplar+trees+in+response+to+environmental+stress&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+S+B%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BNosal%2C+M&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=1125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydration; Recharge; Depletion; Trees; Climates; Probes; Indicators; Temperature; Automation; Growth rates; Hydrologic data; Precipitation; Water use; Water stress; Model studies; Vapor pressure; Ozone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Review of lithium in the aquatic environment: distribution in the United States, toxicity and case example of groundwater contamination. AN - 71405318; 14649426 AB - Lithium is found at low concentrations in the major rivers of the United States (about 0.002 mg l(-1)) and as a mineral or salt in pegmatites and brines. The United States produces many lithium materials and consumes the greatest amount of Li in the world for use in ceramics, glass, aluminum, pharmaceuticals, batteries, etc. From 1950 to 1970, Li was central to many nuclear-related US Department of Energy (DOE) activities. The historical and current use of Li has not prompted many studies of the toxicity of this element to aquatic organisms. Here, we review the distribution and use of Li in the US with emphasis on usage by DOE. We also summarize information on the toxicity of lithium to aquatic biota. A case-example is provided which demonstrates the potential for contamination of groundwater with Li, evaluates the toxicity of the Li-contaminated groundwater, and identifies a treatment alternative. JF - Ecotoxicology (London, England) AU - Kszos, Lynn Adams AU - Stewart, Arthur J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, 37831-6422, USA. kszosla@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 439 EP - 447 VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 0963-9292, 0963-9292 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Lithium KW - 9FN79X2M3F KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Cyprinidae -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Fresh Water KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Fishes -- metabolism KW - Lithium -- toxicity KW - Lithium -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71405318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Review+of+lithium+in+the+aquatic+environment%3A+distribution+in+the+United+States%2C+toxicity+and+case+example+of+groundwater+contamination.&rft.au=Kszos%2C+Lynn+Adams%3BStewart%2C+Arthur+J&rft.aulast=Kszos&rft.aufirst=Lynn&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09639292&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-04 N1 - Date created - 2003-11-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of lithium to three freshwater organisms and the antagonistic effect of sodium. AN - 71388378; 14649425 AB - Lithium (Li) is the lightest metal and occurs primarily in stable minerals and salts. Concentrations of Li in surface water are typically <0.04 mg l(-1) but can be elevated in contaminated streams. Because of the general lack of information concerning the toxicity of Li to common toxicity test organisms, we evaluated the toxicity of Li to Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow), Ceriodaphnia dubia, and a freshwater snail (Elimia clavaeformis). In the laboratory, the concentration of Li that inhibited P. promelas growth or C. dubia reproduction by 25% (IC25) was dependant upon the dilution water. In laboratory control water containing little sodium (approximately 2.8 mg l(-1)), the IC25s were 0.38 and 0.32 mg Li l(-1) and in ambient stream water containing approximately 17 mg Na l(-1), the IC25s were 1.99 and 3.33, respectively. A Li concentration of 0.15 mg l(-1) inhibited the feeding of E. clavaeformis in laboratory tests. Toxicity tests conducted to evaluate the effect of sodium on the toxicity of Li were conducted with fathead minnows and C. dubia. The presence of sodium greatly affected the toxicity of Li. Fathead minnows and Ceriodaphnia, for example, tolerated concentrations of Li as great as 6 mg l(-1) when sufficient Na was present. The interaction of Li and Na on the reproduction of Ceriodaphnia was investigated in depth and can be described using an exponential model. The model predicts that C. dubia reproduction would not be affected when animals are exposed to combinations of lithium and sodium with a log ratio of mmol Na to mmol Li equal to at least 1.63. The results of this study indicate that for most natural waters, the presence of sodium is sufficient to prevent Li toxicity. However, in areas of historical disposal or heavy processing or use, an evaluation of Li from a water quality perspective would be warranted. JF - Ecotoxicology (London, England) AU - Kszos, Lynn Adams AU - Beauchamp, John J AU - Stewart, Arthur J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA. kszosla@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 427 EP - 437 VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 0963-9292, 0963-9292 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Lithium KW - 9FN79X2M3F KW - Sodium KW - 9NEZ333N27 KW - Index Medicus KW - Snails KW - Animals KW - Larva KW - Fresh Water KW - Cyprinidae KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Sodium -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Lithium -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71388378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+lithium+to+three+freshwater+organisms+and+the+antagonistic+effect+of+sodium.&rft.au=Kszos%2C+Lynn+Adams%3BBeauchamp%2C+John+J%3BStewart%2C+Arthur+J&rft.aulast=Kszos&rft.aufirst=Lynn&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09639292&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-04 N1 - Date created - 2003-11-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contamination dose from photoneutron processes in bodily tissues during therapeutic radiation delivery. AN - 71337449; 14596320 AB - Dose to the total body from induced radiation resulting from primary exposure to radiotherapeutic beams is not detailed in routine treatment planning though this information is potentially important for better estimates of health risks including secondary cancers. This information can also allow better management of patient treatment logistics, suggesting better timing, sequencing, and conduct of treatment. Monte Carlo simulations capable of taking into account all interactions contributing to the dose to the total body, including neutron scattering and induced radioactivity, provide the most versatile and accurate tool for investigating these effects. MCNPX code version 2.2.6 with full IAEA library of photoneutron cross sections is particularly suited to trace not only photoneutrons but also protons and heavy ion particles that result from photoneutron interactions. Specifically, the MCNPX code is applied here to the problem of dose calculations in traditional (non-IMRT) photon beam therapy. Points of calculation are located in the head, where the primary irradiation has been directed, but also in the superior portion of the torso of the ORNL Mathematical Human Phantom. We calculated dose contributions from neutrons, protons, deutrons, tritons and He-3 that are produced at the time of photoneutron interactions in the body and that would not have been accounted for by conventional radiation oncology dosimetry. JF - Medical physics AU - Difilippo, F AU - Papiez, L AU - Moskvin, V AU - Peplow, D AU - DesRosiers, C AU - Johnson, J AU - Timmerman, R AU - Randall, M AU - Lillie, R AD - Radiation Transport and Physics Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6363, USA. Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 2849 EP - 2854 VL - 30 IS - 10 SN - 0094-2405, 0094-2405 KW - Ions KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted KW - Phantoms, Imaging KW - Scattering, Radiation KW - Radiometry KW - Photons KW - Radiotherapy Dosage KW - Humans KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Male KW - Neutrons -- therapeutic use KW - Neutrons -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology KW - Neoplasms -- radiotherapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71337449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medical+physics&rft.atitle=Contamination+dose+from+photoneutron+processes+in+bodily+tissues+during+therapeutic+radiation+delivery.&rft.au=Difilippo%2C+F%3BPapiez%2C+L%3BMoskvin%2C+V%3BPeplow%2C+D%3BDesRosiers%2C+C%3BJohnson%2C+J%3BTimmerman%2C+R%3BRandall%2C+M%3BLillie%2C+R&rft.aulast=Difilippo&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2849&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medical+physics&rft.issn=00942405&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-02 N1 - Date created - 2003-11-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-18 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen isotopic composition of nano-scale uraninite at the Oklo-Okelobondo natural fission reactors, Gabon AN - 51911521; 2004-001431 AB - High spatial resolution (10-30 mu m), in situ oxygen isotopic analyses by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), coupled with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), were used to show that uraninite from the Oklo-Okelobondo natural fission reactors that occur in near surface environments, have low delta (super 18) O values and nanotextures that are consistent with interaction with ground water. These low delta (super 18) O values (-14.4 to -8.5 per mil) suggest that the minerals exchanged with meteoric groundwater. In contrast, reactor zones that occur at depth have largely retained their original O isotopic composition (-10.2 to -5.6 per mil) and uraninites are well-crystallized and essentially defect-free. These observations clearly demonstrate that by combining both HRTEM and in situ O isotopic analyses by SIMS, it is possible to characterize the nano-scale porosity and postdepositional alteration of U-bearing phases. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Utsunomiya, Satoshi AU - Ewing, Rodney C AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Jensen, Keld A Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 1583 EP - 1590 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 88 IS - 10 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - Franceville Basin KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - mass spectra KW - Gabon KW - electron microscopy data KW - Central Africa KW - O-18/O-16 KW - TEM data KW - stable isotopes KW - uranium ores KW - ore minerals KW - geochemical methods KW - metal ores KW - oxides KW - Africa KW - Bangombe Deposit KW - spectra KW - Oklo-Okelobondo Deposit KW - crystal chemistry KW - uraninite KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51911521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Oxygen+isotopic+composition+of+nano-scale+uraninite+at+the+Oklo-Okelobondo+natural+fission+reactors%2C+Gabon&rft.au=Fayek%2C+Mostafa%3BUtsunomiya%2C+Satoshi%3BEwing%2C+Rodney+C%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BJensen%2C+Keld+A&rft.aulast=Fayek&rft.aufirst=Mostafa&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1583&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Bangombe Deposit; Central Africa; crystal chemistry; electron microscopy data; Franceville Basin; Gabon; geochemical methods; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; metal ores; O-18/O-16; Oklo-Okelobondo Deposit; ore minerals; oxides; oxygen; spectra; stable isotopes; TEM data; uraninite; uranium ores ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A modeling study of the mechanism of the halogen-ozone-mercury homogeneous reactions in the troposphere during the polar spring AN - 27854216; 05708219 (EN); A04-12596 (AH) AB - Computer simulations are described for the homogeneous portion of the chemistry of the ozone and mercury depletion observed in the troposphere during the polar spring. Conditions chosen are similar to those of a clear day (17 March) at the location of Barrow, Alaska. Small amounts of reactive trace gases, representative of the Arctic spring, are present initially with typical background levels of Hg (0.24 ppt) and 50 ppb of O sub(3). The simulations show that ozone and gaseous atomic mercury depletion are both strong functions of two important variables: (1) the concentrations of Br sub(2) and BrCl present during the day; and (2) the concentrations of reactive trace gases such as CH sub(2)O present in the air mass. The simulated rate of Hg depletion and the expected product distribution are also functions of the size of the rate coefficient for the Hg+BrO reaction (k sub(17)). The relatively small extent of O sub(3) and Hg depletion rates that result from Cl-ClO chemistry and the major effects that result from the Br-BrO chemistry are rationalized in terms of the significant differences in the reaction mechanisms for the two halogens. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Calvert, J G AU - Lindberg, S E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, TN 27831-6038, USA calvertj@ornl.gov PY - 2003 SP - 4467 EP - 4481 PB - Elsevier Science BV, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands, [mailto:w.tukker@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.com] VL - 37 IS - 32 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Environmental Engineering (EN); Aerospace & High Technology (AH) KW - Atmospheric models KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Halogens KW - Ozone depletion KW - Polar regions KW - Mercury (metal) KW - Troposphere KW - Homogeneity KW - Spring (season) KW - Chemical reactions KW - Alaska KW - Article KW - EE 20:Air Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27854216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=A+modeling+study+of+the+mechanism+of+the+halogen-ozone-mercury+homogeneous+reactions+in+the+troposphere+during+the+polar+spring&rft.au=Calvert%2C+J+G%3BLindberg%2C+S+E&rft.aulast=Calvert&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=32&rft.spage=4467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2003.07.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.07.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced microbial reduction of Cr(VI) and U(VI) by different natural organic matter fractions AN - 19889708; 5722332 AB - Although direct microbial reduction of Cr(VI) and U(VI) is known, few studies have examined the kinetics and the underlying mechanisms of the reduction of these contaminants by different natural organic matter (NOM) fractions in the presence or absence of microorganisms. In this study, NOM was found to chemically reduce Cr(VI) at pH 3, but the reduction rates were negligible at pH similar to 7. The abiotic reduction of U(VI) by NOM was not observed, possibly because of the presence of small amounts of nitrate in the reactant solution. However, all NOM fractions, particularly the soil humic acid (HA), enhanced the bioreduction of Cr(VI) or U(VI) in the presence of Shewanella putrefaciens CN32. The reduction rates varied greatly among NOM fractions with different chemical and structural properties: the polyphenolic-rich NOM-PP fraction appeared to be the most reactive in abiotically reducing Cr(VI) at a low pH, but soil HA was more effective in mediating the microbial reduction of Cr(VI) and U(VI) under anaerobic, circumneutral pH conditions. These observations are attributed to an increased solubility and conformational changes of the soil HA with pH and, more importantly, its relatively high contents of polycondensed and conjugated aromatic organic moieties. An important implication of this study is that, depending on chemical and structural properties, different NOM components may play different roles in enhancing the bioreduction of Cr(VI) and U(VI) by microorganisms. Polycondensed aromatic humic materials may be particularly useful in mediating the bioreduction and rapid immobilization of these contaminant metals in soil. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Gu, B AU - Chen, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6036, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, b26@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 3575 EP - 3582 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 67 IS - 19 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Metals KW - Nitrate KW - Solubility KW - Organic matter KW - Anaerobic microorganisms KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - Soil pollution KW - Soil KW - Soils (acid) KW - Humic acids KW - Kinetics KW - Microorganisms KW - Contaminants KW - pH effects KW - Aromatics KW - Immobilization KW - Q1 08201:General KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19889708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Enhanced+microbial+reduction+of+Cr%28VI%29+and+U%28VI%29+by+different+natural+organic+matter+fractions&rft.au=Gu%2C+B%3BChen%2C+J&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=3575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900162-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Humic acids; Organic matter; Microorganisms; Immobilization; Aromatics; Nitrate; Metals; Solubility; Anaerobic microorganisms; Soil; Soil pollution; Soils (acid); Kinetics; Contaminants; pH effects; Shewanella putrefaciens DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00162-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular Diversity of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria from Two Different Continental Margin Habitats AN - 18938793; 5728904 AB - This study examined the natural diversity and distributions of sulfate- reducing bacteria along a natural carbon gradient extending down the shelf-slope transition zone of the eastern Pacific continental margin. Dissimilatory (bi)sulfite reductase gene sequences (dsrAB) were PCR amplified and cloned from five different sampling sites, each at a discrete depth, from two different margin systems, one off the Pacific coast of Mexico and another off the coast of Washington State. A total of 1,762 clones were recovered and evaluated by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The majority of the gene sequences recovered showed site and depth restricted distributions; however, a limited number of gene sequences were widely distributed within and between the margin systems. Cluster analysis identified 175 unique RFLP patterns, and nucleotide sequences were determined for corresponding clones. Several different continental margin DsrA sequences clustered with those from formally characterized taxa belonging to the delta subdivision of the class Proteobacteria (Desulfobulbus propionicus, Desulfosarcina variabilis) and the Bacillus-Clostridium (Desulfotomaculum putei) divisions, although the majority of the recovered sequences were phylogenetically divergent relative to all of the other DsrA sequences available for comparison. This study revealed extensive new genetic diversity among sulfate-reducing bacteria in continental margin sedimentary habitats, which appears to be tightly coupled to slope depth, specifically carbon bioavailability. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Liu, X AU - Bagwell, CE AU - Wu, L AU - Devol, AH AU - Zhou, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bldg. 1505 MS 6038, Bethel Valley Rd., Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, zhouJ@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 6073 EP - 6081 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 69 IS - 10 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Water depth KW - Clostridium KW - IE, Pacific KW - Geographical distribution KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Genetic diversity KW - INE, USA, Washington KW - Environmental factors KW - Proteobacteria KW - Desulfobulbus propionicus KW - Bioavailability KW - Carbon KW - Continental shelves KW - Desulfotomaculum putei KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Bacillus KW - Phylogeny KW - Marine KW - Vertical distribution KW - Sulfate-reducing bacteria KW - Continental slope KW - Restriction fragment length polymorphism KW - Identification KW - Habitat KW - Sediments KW - Community composition KW - Desulfosarcina variabilis KW - Sulphate reduction KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Species diversity KW - DNA KW - Microorganisms KW - ISE, Mexico KW - Continental margins KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08464:Other aquatic communities KW - O 1010:Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, Fungi and Plants KW - Q1 08205:Genetics and evolution KW - J 02905:Water KW - D 04620:Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18938793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Molecular+Diversity+of+Sulfate-Reducing+Bacteria+from+Two+Different+Continental+Margin+Habitats&rft.au=Liu%2C+X%3BBagwell%2C+CE%3BWu%2C+L%3BDevol%2C+AH%3BZhou%2C+J&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=6073&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.69.10.6073-6081.2003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water depth; Phylogeny; Vertical distribution; Continental slope; Nucleotide sequence; Genetic diversity; Habitat; Identification; Environmental factors; Sediments; Community composition; Carbon; Sulphate reduction; Species diversity; Microorganisms; DNA; Polymerase chain reaction; Continental margins; Bioavailability; Geographical distribution; Sulfate-reducing bacteria; Continental shelves; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; Desulfobulbus propionicus; Clostridium; Desulfosarcina variabilis; Desulfotomaculum putei; Bacillus; Proteobacteria; IE, Pacific; Pacific Ocean; ISE, Mexico; INE, USA, Washington; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.10.6073-6081.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring cellular responses of engine-emitted particles by using a direct air-cell interface deposition technique AN - 18807553; 5686003 AB - The impacts of ultrafine airborne particles generated by diesel or gasoline engines on human lung cells have been investigated using a new in vitro cellular exposure technique. This technique enables direct deposition of the gasoline engine exhaust particles (GEP) and diesel engine exhaust particles (DEP) on human lung cells located at the air-cell interface on a transwell membrane in an exposure apparatus. The cellular responses to particle exposure were measured by the levels of IL-8 chemokines produced as a function of exposure time. The findings suggest that GEP and high-sulfur DEP induced the production of similar levels of IL-8 by unprimed A549 cells. The level of IL-8 produced by unprimed A549 cells in response to low-sulfur DEP was found lower than that produced in response to high-sulfur DEP and GEP. When cells were primed, simulating predisposed conditions, significant levels of IL-8 were produced. GEP triggered a much higher level of IL-8 production than DEP did. Furthermore, the time profile of IL-8 production induced by GEP was markedly different from that induced by DEP. The findings indicate that GEP could induce the production of higher levels of chemokines (i.e. IL-8) than DEP did, implying that exposure to GEP could be a greater health risk than exposure to DEP. JF - Chemosphere AU - Cheng, M-D AU - Malone, B AU - Storey, JME AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, chengmd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - Oct 2003 SP - 237 EP - 243 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 53 IS - 3 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Air pollution KW - Airborne particulates KW - Lung KW - Gasoline KW - Motor vehicles KW - Diesel KW - Interleukin 8 KW - Exhausts KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18807553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Monitoring+cellular+responses+of+engine-emitted+particles+by+using+a+direct+air-cell+interface+deposition+technique&rft.au=Cheng%2C+M-D%3BMalone%2C+B%3BStorey%2C+JME&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=M-D&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0045-6535%2803%2900555-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Airborne particulates; Gasoline; Lung; Motor vehicles; Diesel; Interleukin 8; Exhausts DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00555-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Partitioning of BTEX Constituents and Chloroorganics in High-Biomss Systems AN - 16162861; 5745251 AB - Henry's Law controls mass transfer rates for sparingly soluble organics and/or lower inlet VOC concentrations within a biofilter. We report measurements of apparent Henry's Law partitioning values for benzene, toluene, TCE, and chloromethane in systems that contain varying levels of biomass. The apparent air/liquid partition constant for benzene decreased from 2.9 x 10 super(-3) atm m super(3) mol super(-1) to as low as 0.1 x 10 super(-3) atm m super(3) mol super(-1) when biomass, in the form of yeast, was added to aqueous batch systems containing benzene. The constant for toluene decreased from 6.4 x 10 super(-3) to 0.17 x 10 super(-3) atm m super(3) mol super(-1). For TCE, the air/liquid partition constant decreased from 0.013 atm m super(3) mol super(-1) to less than 0.00013 atm m super(3) mol super(-1). Experimentally measured partition values were also used to calculate intrinsic "pure biomass" partitioning constants, which can be used to interpolate behavior. Apparent partitioning values for TCE were most heavily impacted by biomass levels, changing by two orders of magnitude. These data should allow other researchers to estimate and extrapolate the influence of biomass on their own biofiltration processes. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Barton, J W AU - Vodraska, C D AU - Flanary, SA AU - Davison, B H AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6226, USA, bartonjw@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - Oct 2003 SP - 95 EP - 102 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - chloromethane KW - trichloroethylene KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Biofiltration KW - Toluene KW - Biomass KW - benzene KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16162861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Partitioning+of+BTEX+Constituents+and+Chloroorganics+in+High-Biomss+Systems&rft.au=Barton%2C+J+W%3BVodraska%2C+C+D%3BFlanary%2C+SA%3BDavison%2C+B+H&rft.aulast=Barton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biofiltration; Toluene; Biomass; benzene; Volatile organic compounds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomineralization of a poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxide, akaganeite, by an anaerobic Fe(III)-reducing bacterium (Shewanella alga) isolated from marine environment AN - 51877996; 2004-023494 AB - Formation of Fe(II)-containing mineral through microbial processes may play an important role in iron and carbon geochemistry in subsurface environments. Fe(III)-reducing bacteria form Fe(II)-containing minerals such as siderite, magnetite, vivianite, and green rust using iron oxides. A psychrotolerant Fe(III)-reducing bacterium, Shewanella alga (PV-4), was used to examine the reduction and biomineralization of a poorly crystalline iron oxide, akaganeite (beta -FeOOH), in the absence of a soluble electron shuttle, anthraquinone disulphonate (AQDS), under different atmospheric compositions as well as in HCO (sub 3) buffered medium (30 to 210 mM). Iron biomineralization was also examined under different growth conditions such as incubation time, electron donors, and electron acceptors. The Fe(III)-reducing bacterium, PV-4, reduced akaganeite, Fe(III)-citrate, and Co(III)-EDTA using lactate or H (sub 2) as an electron donor. The iron biomineralization of Fe(III) oxide, akaganeite-as it undergoes reduction by an iron reducing bacterium-is a complex process influenced by biogeochemical factors including microorganisms, bicarbonate buffer concentration, atmospheric composition, electron donors/acceptors, incubation time, and Eh/pH. From this research we found that microorganisms do participate in the formation of diverse iron minerals and that microbial iron biomineralization may affect Fe and C biogeochemistry in subsurface environments. JF - Geosciences Journal (Seoul) AU - Lee, Sang Han AU - Lee, Insung AU - Roh, Yul Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 SP - 217 EP - 226 PB - Hanrimwon Publishing Company for the Geological Society of Korea, Seoul VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1226-4806, 1226-4806 KW - United States KW - iron oxides KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - hydrothermal vents KW - algae KW - mineral composition KW - akaganeite KW - carbon KW - oxides KW - mineralization KW - reduction KW - ion exchange KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Eh KW - electrons KW - Plantae KW - Hawaii KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - bacteria KW - Oceania KW - anaerobic environment KW - Polynesia KW - carbonates KW - microfossils KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51877996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geosciences+Journal+%28Seoul%29&rft.atitle=Biomineralization+of+a+poorly+crystalline+Fe%28III%29+oxide%2C+akaganeite%2C+by+an+anaerobic+Fe%28III%29-reducing+bacterium+%28Shewanella+alga%29+isolated+from+marine+environment&rft.au=Lee%2C+Sang+Han%3BLee%2C+Insung%3BRoh%2C+Yul&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Sang&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geosciences+Journal+%28Seoul%29&rft.issn=12264806&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.geosciences-journal.org/home/journal/editor.asp?globalmenu=2 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - akaganeite; algae; anaerobic environment; bacteria; carbon; carbonates; chemical composition; East Pacific Ocean Islands; Eh; electrons; geochemistry; Hawaii; hydrothermal vents; ion exchange; iron oxides; marine environment; metals; microfossils; mineral composition; mineralization; Oceania; organic compounds; oxides; pH; Plantae; Polynesia; reduction; United States; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulfur isotope microanalysis of sphalerite by SIMS; constraints on the genesis of mississippi valley-type mineralization, from the Mascot-Jefferson City district, East Tennessee AN - 51597902; 2006-034020 AB - The Mascot-Jefferson City (MJC) district is the most productive zinc district in East Tennessee. The deposits are of Mississippi Valley-type (MVT), hosted by carbonate rocks and dominated by sphalerite mineralization in strata-bound breccia bodies. We have utilized the high spatial resolution (20-30 mu m) of the ion microprobe to obtain in situ sulfur isotopic analyses from discrete growth zones of sphalerite and analyses of associated pyrite.Two types of pyrite were noted: pre-sphalerite, diagenetic pyrite (delta (super 34) S of -16.1 per mil and -20.0 per mil) and syn-sphalerite pyrite that is intergrown with sphalerite (delta (super 34) S of 31.3 per mil to 33.7 per mil). Two textural varieties of sphalerite mineralization (banded and non-banded) were characterized. Banded sphalerite exhibits fine (mu m to cm) banding that has grown around a carbonate substrate. Banded sphalerite has delta (super 34) S values from 27.8 per mil to 51.0 per mil, high Cd contents (up to 0.96 wt.%) and dark areas that are likely due to minute inclusions of organic carbon. The non-banded sphalerite has delta (super 34) S values from 20.2 per mil to 39.5 per mil, high Fe content and no organic inclusions. Regardless of the textural variety of sphalerite mineralization, our results show that the sulfur isotopic composition within a single polished thin section is heterogeneous and can vary by as much as 15 per mil. The delta (super 34) S values recorded in this study are among the heaviest ever reported for MVT deposits. The microscale delta (super 34) S variations and presence of high delta (super 34) S values have been previously undocumented for East Tennessee. The data presented here suggest multiple sulfur sources and sulfide precipitation by fluid mixing. The most probable scenario involves significant sulfur input from a sulfate- and metal-bearing fluid of variable delta (super 34) S composition mixing with a gas cap containing H (sub 2) S of relatively homogeneous delta (super 34) S composition. The gas cap provided lesser amounts of sulfur to the system. Mixing of two isotopically different sulfur sources of variable proportions can account for the observed microscale variation in delta (super 34) S. JF - Journal of Geochemical Exploration AU - Peevler, Janna AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Misra, Kula C AU - Riciputi, Lee R Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 SP - 277 EP - 296 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam-New York VL - 80 IS - 2-3 SN - 0375-6742, 0375-6742 KW - mineral exploration KW - Mascot Tennessee KW - Copper Ridge Dolomite KW - Middle Ordovician KW - mass spectra KW - Kingsport Formation KW - electron probe data KW - sedimentary rocks KW - inclusions KW - Tennessee KW - Jefferson City Tennessee KW - Chepultepec Dolomite KW - Jefferson County Tennessee KW - textures KW - Paleozoic KW - S-34/S-32 KW - Lower Ordovician KW - brines KW - metal ores KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonate rocks KW - United States KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Mascot-Jefferson City mining district KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - fluid phase KW - stable isotopes KW - Cambrian KW - Upper Cambrian KW - Ordovician KW - mississippi valley-type deposits KW - metallogeny KW - mineralization KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - Lenoir Limestone KW - breccia KW - isotope ratios KW - zinc ores KW - Mascot Dolomite KW - sphalerite KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - sulfur KW - sulfides KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51597902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geochemical+Exploration&rft.atitle=Sulfur+isotope+microanalysis+of+sphalerite+by+SIMS%3B+constraints+on+the+genesis+of+mississippi+valley-type+mineralization%2C+from+the+Mascot-Jefferson+City+district%2C+East+Tennessee&rft.au=Peevler%2C+Janna%3BFayek%2C+Mostafa%3BMisra%2C+Kula+C%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R&rft.aulast=Peevler&rft.aufirst=Janna&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geochemical+Exploration&rft.issn=03756742&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0375-6742%2803%2900195-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756742 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 77 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGCEAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - breccia; brines; Cambrian; carbonate rocks; chemical composition; Chepultepec Dolomite; Copper Ridge Dolomite; crystal chemistry; electron probe data; fluid phase; geochemistry; inclusions; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jefferson City Tennessee; Jefferson County Tennessee; Kingsport Formation; Lenoir Limestone; lithostratigraphy; Lower Ordovician; Mascot Dolomite; Mascot Tennessee; Mascot-Jefferson City mining district; mass spectra; metal ores; metallogeny; metals; Middle Ordovician; mineral deposits, genesis; mineral exploration; mineralization; mississippi valley-type deposits; Ordovician; Paleozoic; precipitation; S-34/S-32; sedimentary rocks; spectra; sphalerite; stable isotopes; sulfides; sulfur; Tennessee; textures; United States; Upper Cambrian; zinc ores DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0375-6742(03)00195-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PROSPECT II: protein structure prediction program for genome-scale applications AN - 19235428; 5816302 AB - A new method for fold recognition is developed and added to the general protein structure prediction package PROSPECT (http://compbio.ornl.gov/PROSPECT/). The new method (PROSPECT II) has four key features. (i) We have developed an efficient way to utilize the evolutionary information for evaluating the threading potentials including singleton and pairwise energies. (ii) We have developed a two-stage threading strategy: (a) threading using dynamic programming without considering the pairwise energy and (b) fold recognition considering all the energy terms, including the pairwise energy calculated from the dynamic programming threading alignments. (iii) We have developed a combined z-score scheme for fold recognition, which takes into consideration the z-scores of each energy term. (iv) Based on the z-scores, we have developed a confidence index, which measures the reliability of a prediction and a possible structure-function relationship based on a statistical analysis of a large data set consisting of threadings of 600 query proteins against the entire FSSP templates. Tests on several benchmark sets indicate that the evolutionary information and other new features of PROSPECT II greatly improve the alignment accuracy. We also demonstrate that the performance of PROSPECT II on fold recognition is significantly better than any other method available at all levels of similarity. Improvement in the sensitivity of the fold recognition, especially at the superfamily and fold levels, makes PROSPECT II a reliable and fully automated protein structure and function prediction program for genome-scale applications. JF - Protein Engineering AU - Kim, Dongsup AU - Xu, Dong AU - Guo, Jun-tao AU - Ellrott, K AU - Xu, Ying AD - Protein Informatics Group, 1060 Commerce Park Drive, MS 6480, ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6480, USA, xyn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - Sep 2003 SP - 641 EP - 650 VL - 16 IS - 9 SN - 0269-2139, 0269-2139 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Protein structure KW - Computer programs KW - Protein engineering KW - Protein folding KW - Energy KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19235428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Protein+Engineering&rft.atitle=PROSPECT+II%3A+protein+structure+prediction+program+for+genome-scale+applications&rft.au=Kim%2C+Dongsup%3BXu%2C+Dong%3BGuo%2C+Jun-tao%3BEllrott%2C+K%3BXu%2C+Ying&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Dongsup&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Protein+Engineering&rft.issn=02692139&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fprotein%2Fgzg081 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protein structure; Computer programs; Energy; Protein folding; Protein engineering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/protein/gzg081 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydraulics of horizontal wells in fractured shallow aquifer systems AN - 18877503; 5722353 AB - An analysis of groundwater hydraulic head in the vicinity of a horizontal well in fractured or porous aquifers considering confined, leaky confined, and water-table aquifer boundary conditions is presented. Solutions for hydraulic heads in both leaky confined and water table aquifers are provided. The fracture model used in this study is the standard double-porosity model. The aquitard storage is included in the formula. Solutions for the confined and unconfined conditions, fractured and porous conditions, wellbore storage, and skin effect are compared. Several findings of this study are, (1) the influence of wellbore storage and skin upon the drawdown for a fractured confined aquifer is similar to that for a porous confined aquifer, (2) aquitard storage affects the intermediate time the most by delaying the drawdown, and (3) there is a significant difference between the type curves of fractured and porous confined aquifers in most aquifer boundary conditions because of the contribution of matrix storage, and such a difference disappears at the later time. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Park, E AU - Zhan, H AD - Department of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5028, Delft 2600GA, The Netherlands, parke@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - Sep 2003 SP - 147 EP - 158 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 281 IS - 1-2 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Horizontal well KW - Wellbore storage KW - Skin effect KW - Water table KW - Leaky confined aquifer KW - Fractured aquifer KW - Aquifers KW - Hydraulics KW - Well hydraulics KW - Drawdown KW - Hydrogeology KW - Boundary conditions KW - Tube wells KW - Sensitivity Analysis KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Hydraulic properties KW - Aquifer models KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Horizontal Wells KW - Model Studies KW - Well Hydraulics KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Wells KW - Driving Head KW - Aquifer Systems KW - Groundwater KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 6020:Hydraulics KW - M2 556.33:Aquifers (556.33) KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18877503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Hydraulics+of+horizontal+wells+in+fractured+shallow+aquifer+systems&rft.au=Park%2C+E%3BZhan%2C+H&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=281&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0022-1694%2803%2900206-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifers; Well hydraulics; Sensitivity analysis; Hydraulic properties; Aquifer models; Boundary conditions; Sensitivity Analysis; Tube wells; Hydraulics; Drawdown; Wells; Hydrogeology; Modelling (-general-); Groundwater; Geologic Fractures; Mathematical Studies; Well Hydraulics; Driving Head; Aquifer Systems; Horizontal Wells; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00206-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Continental runoff dynamics in the Community Climate System Model 2 (CCSM2) control simulation AN - 18068017; 5728163 AB - We present an analysis of the river transport model (RTM) implementation in a fully coupled Earth system model, the Community Climate System Model, version 2 (CCSM2). The results of a 350-year CCSM2 control simulation were compared to observational river flow data and previous simulations using the Community Climate Model, version 3 (CCM3). River discharge into the Arctic Ocean improved significantly over earlier CCM3 simulations. Significant interannual variability was evident in the control simulation, although at times it exceeded the observational variability. The CCSM2 river discharges to the ocean during the peak discharge month of June for the Amazon, Amur, Ob, St. Lawrence, and Ganges Rivers were found to be within 25% of observations. CCSM2 produced negative river discharges for the St. Lawrence, Parana, and Ob Rivers for some months of the year because of the methods CCSM2 used to calculate runoff resulting from lakes, wetlands, and glaciers. Precipitation and snow cover analyses explained some of the improvements of CCSM2 over CCM3 as well as lingering sources of inaccuracy in the river discharges. The lack of water impoundment in both CCSM2 and CCM3 was shown to be another source of discrepancy between model river discharge and observed streamgage data. We discuss the differences and similarities between CCSM2 river discharges and observations within the context of extant freshwater resource management, observational measurement techniques, and spatial and temporal scales. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Branstetter, M L AU - Erickson, DJ III AD - Climate and Carbon Research, Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - Sep 2003 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 108 IS - D17 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Annual variations KW - Modelling KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Citation No. 4550 KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - M2 551.579:Hydrometeorology (551.579) KW - M2 551.581.1:Theoretical climatology. Climatic models. Solar climate (551.581.1) KW - Q2 02171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18068017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Continental+runoff+dynamics+in+the+Community+Climate+System+Model+2+%28CCSM2%29+control+simulation&rft.au=Branstetter%2C+M+L%3BErickson%2C+DJ+III&rft.aulast=Branstetter&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=D17&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JD003212 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication date refers to online version. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JD003212 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling white sturgeon movement in a reservoir: the effect of water quality and sturgeon density AN - 17279407; 5697180 AB - We developed a movement model to examine the distribution and survival of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in a reservoir subject to large spatial and temporal variation in dissolved oxygen and temperature. Temperature and dissolved oxygen were simulated by a CE-QUAL-W2 model of Brownlee Reservoir, Idaho for a typical wet, normal, and dry hydrologic year. We compared current water quality conditions to scenarios with reduced nutrient inputs to the reservoir. White sturgeon habitat quality was modeled as a function of temperature, dissolved oxygen and, in some cases, suitability for foraging and depth. We assigned a quality index to each cell along the bottom of the reservoir. The model simulated two aspects of daily movement. Advective movement simulated the tendency for animals to move toward areas with high habitat quality, and diffusion simulated density dependent movement away from areas with high sturgeon density in areas with non-lethal habitat conditions. Mortality resulted when sturgeon were unable to leave areas with lethal temperature or dissolved oxygen conditions. Water quality was highest in winter and early spring and lowest in mid to late summer. Limiting nutrient inputs reduced the area of Brownlee Reservoir with lethal conditions for sturgeon and raised the average habitat suitability throughout the reservoir. Without movement, simulated white sturgeon survival ranged between 45 and 89%. Allowing movement raised the predicted survival of sturgeon under all conditions to above 90% as sturgeon avoided areas with low habitat quality. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Sullivan, AB AU - Jager, H I AU - Myers, R AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, annett@usgs.gov Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - Sep 2003 SP - 97 EP - 114 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - Models KW - White sturgeon KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Water reservoirs KW - Ecological distribution KW - Population density KW - Survival KW - Water quality KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Habitats KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Acipenser KW - Sturgeon KW - Diffusion KW - Reservoirs KW - Mortality KW - Acipenser transmontanus KW - Temporal variations KW - Density KW - Dissolved Oxygen KW - Water Quality KW - Temperature KW - Limiting factors KW - Habitat KW - Foraging behaviour KW - USA, Idaho KW - winter KW - Movements KW - summer KW - survival KW - Mortality causes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - D 04668:Fish KW - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17279407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Modeling+white+sturgeon+movement+in+a+reservoir%3A+the+effect+of+water+quality+and+sturgeon+density&rft.au=Sullivan%2C+AB%3BJager%2C+H+I%3BMyers%2C+R&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0304-3800%2803%2900169-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Foraging behaviour; Water reservoirs; Temporal variations; Ecological distribution; Survival; Limiting factors; Water quality; Mortality causes; Dissolved oxygen; Movements; Population density; Reservoirs; Mortality; water quality; winter; Temperature; summer; Diffusion; survival; Habitat; Habitats; Hydrologic Models; Density; Water Quality; Dissolved Oxygen; Sturgeon; Acipenser transmontanus; Acipenser; USA, Idaho DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3800(03)00169-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO sub(2) Hydrate Composite for Ocean Carbon Sequestration AN - 16162131; 5773904 AB - Rapid CO sub(2) hydrate formation was investigated with the objective of producing a negatively buoyant CO sub(2)-seawater mixture under high-pressure and low-temperature conditions, simulating direct CO sub(2) injection at intermediate ocean depths of 1.0-1.3 km. A coflow reactor was developed to maximize CO sub(2) hydrate production by injecting water droplets (e.g., similar to 267 mu m average diameter) from a capillary tube into liquid CO sub(2). The droplets were injected in the mixing zone of the reactor where CO sub(2) hydrate formed at the surface of the water droplets. The water-encased hydrate particles aggregated in the liquid CO sub(2), producing a paste-like composite containing CO sub(2) hydrate, liquid CO sub(2), and water phases. This composite was extruded into ambient water from the coflow reactor as a coherent cylindrical mass, approximately 6 mm in diameter, which broke into pieces 5-10 cm long. Both modeling and experiments demonstrated that conversion from liquid CO sub(2) to CO sub(2) hydrate increased with water flow rate, ambient pressure, and residence time and decreased with CO sub(2) flow rate. Increased mixing intensity, as expressed by the Reynolds number, enhanced the mass transfer and increased the conversion of liquid CO sub(2) into CO sub(2) hydrate. Using a plume model, we show that hydrate composite particles (for a CO sub(2) loading of 1000 kg/s and 0.25 hydrate conversion) will dissolve and sink through a total depth of 350 m. This suggests significantly better CO sub(2) dispersal and potentially reduced environmental impacts than would be possible by simply discharging positively buoyant liquid CO sub(2) droplets. Further studies are needed to address hydrate conversion efficiency, scale-up criteria, sequestration longevity, and impact on the ocean biota before in-situ production of sinking CO sub(2) hydrate composite can be applied to oceanic CO sub(2) storage and sequestration. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Lee, Sangyong AU - Liang, L AU - Riestenberg, D AU - West, O R AU - Tsouris, C AU - Adams, E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6181, USA, tsourisc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/08/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Aug 15 SP - 3701 EP - 3708 VL - 37 IS - 16 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Negative buoyancy KW - Sequestration KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Seawater KW - Carbon dioxide in seawater KW - Air pollution control KW - Carbon dioxide disposal in sea KW - Benthic environment KW - Methodology KW - Storage KW - Marine pollution KW - Oceans KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Hydrates KW - Chemical pollutants KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Pollution control KW - Buoyancy KW - O 4095:Instruments/Methods KW - M2 551.463/.464:Seawater Properties (551.463/.464) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16162131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=CO+sub%282%29+Hydrate+Composite+for+Ocean+Carbon+Sequestration&rft.au=Lee%2C+Sangyong%3BLiang%2C+L%3BRiestenberg%2C+D%3BWest%2C+O+R%3BTsouris%2C+C%3BAdams%2C+E&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Sangyong&rft.date=2003-08-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=3701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Marine pollution; Oceans; Hydrates; Benthic environment; Carbon dioxide; Chemical pollutants; Methodology; Buoyancy; Pollution control; Carbon dioxide in seawater; Carbon dioxide disposal in sea; Seawater; Atmospheric chemistry; Air pollution control; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leaf dynamics of a deciduous forest canopy: no response to elevated CO2. AN - 73565831; 12811536 AB - Leaf area index (LAI) and its seasonal dynamics are key determinants of terrestrial productivity and, therefore, of the response of ecosystems to a rising atmospheric CO(2) concentration. Despite the central importance of LAI, there is very little evidence from which to assess how forest LAI will respond to increasing [CO(2)]. We assessed LAI and related leaf indices of a closed-canopy deciduous forest for 4 years in 25-m-diameter plots that were exposed to ambient or elevated CO(2) (542 ppm) in a free-air CO(2) enrichment (FACE) experiment. LAI of this Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum) stand was about 6 and was relatively constant year-to-year, including the 2 years prior to the onset of CO(2) treatment. LAI throughout the 1999-2002 growing seasons was assessed through a combination of data on photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) transmittance, mass of litter collected in traps, and leaf mass per unit area (LMA). There was no effect of [CO(2)] on any expression of leaf area, including peak LAI, average LAI, or leaf area duration. Canopy mass and LMA, however, were significantly increased by CO(2) enrichment. The hypothesized connection between light compensation point (LCP) and LAI was rejected because LCP was reduced by [CO(2)] enrichment only in leaves under full sun, but not in shaded leaves. Data on PAR interception also permitted calculation of absorbed PAR (APAR) and light use efficiency (LUE), which are key parameters connecting satellite assessments of terrestrial productivity with ecosystem models of future productivity. There was no effect of [CO(2)] on APAR, and the observed increase in net primary productivity in elevated [CO(2)] was ascribed to an increase in LUE, which ranged from 1.4 to 2.4 g MJ(-1). The current evidence seems convincing that LAI of non-expanding forest stands will not be different in a future CO(2)-enriched atmosphere and that increases in LUE and productivity in elevated [CO(2)] are driven primarily by functional responses rather than by structural changes. Ecosystem or regional models that incorporate feedbacks on resource use through LAI should not assume that LAI will increase with CO(2) enrichment of the atmosphere. JF - Oecologia AU - Norby, Richard J AU - Sholtis, Johnna D AU - Gunderson, Carla A AU - Jawdy, Sara S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA. rjn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 574 EP - 584 VL - 136 IS - 4 SN - 0029-8549, 0029-8549 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecosystem KW - Seasons KW - Adaptation, Physiological KW - Plant Leaves KW - Trees KW - Liquidambar -- growth & development KW - Carbon Dioxide -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73565831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=Leaf+dynamics+of+a+deciduous+forest+canopy%3A+no+response+to+elevated+CO2.&rft.au=Norby%2C+Richard+J%3BSholtis%2C+Johnna+D%3BGunderson%2C+Carla+A%3BJawdy%2C+Sara+S&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=574&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oecologia&rft.issn=00298549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-08-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of sample preparation on mineralogical analysis of zero-valent iron reactive barrier materials AN - 51889358; 2004-014194 JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Phillips, D H AU - Gu, B AU - Watson, D B AU - Roh, Y Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 1299 EP - 1305 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - diffractograms KW - pollution KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - decontamination KW - metals KW - water treatment KW - valency KW - efficiency KW - reactive barriers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51889358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Impact+of+sample+preparation+on+mineralogical+analysis+of+zero-valent+iron+reactive+barrier+materials&rft.au=Phillips%2C+D+H%3BGu%2C+B%3BWatson%2C+D+B%3BRoh%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; decontamination; diffractograms; efficiency; ground water; iron; metals; mineral composition; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; reactive barriers; remediation; valency; water treatment; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical reactions and dynamics during titration of a contaminated groundwater with high uranium, aluminum, and calcium AN - 51763683; 2005-005583 AB - This study investigated possible geochemical reactions during titration of a contaminated groundwater with a low pH but high concentrations of aluminum, calcium, magnesium, manganese, and trace contaminant metals/radionuclides such as uranium, technetium, nickel, and cobalt. Both Na-carbonate and hydroxide were used as titrants, and a geochemical equilibrium reaction path model was employed to predict aqueous species and mineral precipitation during titration. Although the model appeared to be adequate to describe the concentration profiles of some metal cations, solution pH, and mineral precipitates, it failed to describe the concentrations of U during titration and its precipitation. Most U (as uranyl, UO (sub 2) (super 2+) ) as well as Tc (as pertechnetate, TcO (sub 4) (super -) ) were found to be sorbed and coprecipitated with amorphous Al and Fe oxyhydroxides at pH below approximately 5.5, but slow desorption or dissolution of U and Tc occurred at higher pH values when Na (sub 2) CO (sub 3) was used as the titrant. In general, the precipitation of major cationic species followed the order of Fe(OH) (sub 3) and/or FeCo (sub 0.1) (OH) (sub 3.2) , Al (sub 4) (OH) (sub 10) SO (sub 4) , MnCO (sub 3) , CaCO (sub 3) , conversion of Al (sub 4) (OH) (sub 10) SO (sub 4) to Al(OH) (sub 3,am) , Mn(OH) (sub 2) , Mg(OH) (sub 2) , MgCO (sub 3) , and Ca(OH) (sub 2) . The formation of mixed or double hydroxide phases of Ni and Co with Al and Fe oxyhydroxides was thought to be responsible for the removal of Ni and Co in solution. Results of this study indicate that, although the hydrolysis and precipitation of a single cation are known, complex reactions such as sorption/desorption, coprecipitation of mixed mineral phases, and their dissolution could occur simultaneously. These processes as well as the kinetic constraints must be considered in the design of the remediation strategies and modeling to better predict the activities of various metal species and solid precipitates during pre- and post-groundwater treatment practices. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Roh, Yul AU - Jardine, Philip M Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 2749 EP - 2761 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 15 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - calcium KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - dynamics KW - aluminum KW - water treatment KW - Tennessee KW - applications KW - trace elements KW - water pollution KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - titration KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - cations KW - uranium KW - trace metals KW - actinides KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51763683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Geochemical+reactions+and+dynamics+during+titration+of+a+contaminated+groundwater+with+high+uranium%2C+aluminum%2C+and+calcium&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BRoh%2C+Yul%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=2749&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900097-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkaline earth metals; aluminum; applications; calcium; cations; chemical reactions; dynamics; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; kinetics; laboratory studies; metals; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pH; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; Tennessee; titration; trace elements; trace metals; United States; uranium; water pollution; water treatment; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00097-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of military training on indicators of soil quality at Fort Benning, Georgia AN - 16155925; 5684251 AB - The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of soil disturbance on several key indicators of soil quality at Fort Benning, Georgia. Military activities at Fort Benning that result in soil disturbance include infantry, artillery, wheeled, and tracked vehicle training. Soil samples were collected along a disturbance gradient that included: (1) reference sites, (2) light military use, (3) moderate military use, (4) heavy military use, and (5) remediated sites. With the exception of surface soil bulk density, measured soil properties at reference and light use sites were similar. Relative to reference sites, greater surface soil bulk density, lower soil carbon concentrations, and less carbon and nitrogen in particulate organic matter (POM) were found at moderate use, heavy use, and remediated sites. Studies along a pine forest chronosequence indicated that carbon stocks in POM gradually increased with stand age. An analysis of soil C:N ratios, as well as soil carbon concentrations and stocks, indicated a recovery of soil quality at moderate military use and remediated sites relative to heavy military use sites. Measurements of soil carbon and nitrogen are ecological indicators that can be used by military land managers to identify changes in soil from training activities and to rank training areas on the basis of soil quality. JF - Ecological Indicators AU - Garten, CT Jr AU - Ashwood, T L AU - Dale, V H AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Mail Stop 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, gartenctjr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - Aug 2003 SP - 171 EP - 179 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1470-160X, 1470-160X KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Soil carbon KW - Soil nitrogen KW - Particulate organic matter KW - Mineral-associated organic matter KW - Soil disturbance gradient KW - Environmental degradation KW - USA, Georgia KW - Land use KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Human impact KW - Soil KW - USA, Georgia, Fort Benning KW - Environmental quality KW - Environmental restoration KW - Military KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16155925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Indicators&rft.atitle=Effect+of+military+training+on+indicators+of+soil+quality+at+Fort+Benning%2C+Georgia&rft.au=Garten%2C+CT+Jr%3BAshwood%2C+T+L%3BDale%2C+V+H&rft.aulast=Garten&rft.aufirst=CT&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Indicators&rft.issn=1470160X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1470-160X%2803%2900041-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Environmental degradation; Environmental restoration; Ecosystem disturbance; Human impact; Environmental quality; Military; Land use; USA, Georgia, Fort Benning; USA, Georgia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-160X(03)00041-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recovery of the benthic macroinvertebrate community in a small stream after long-term discharges of fly ash. AN - 71508535; 14703914 AB - Recovery of the benthic macroinvertebrate community in a small east Tennessee stream impacted by fly ash discharges from a power plant was investigated over a period of 6.5 years. The rate of recovery was greatest in the first 2 years after an initial 75% reduction in coal use led to a similar reduction in ash discharges and associated contaminants; further recovery followed after all fly ash discharges ceased. Recovery of the stream progressed through two phases. In the first phase, which lasted for approximately the first 2 years, most density and richness metrics increased considerably. In the second phase of recovery, the increases in metric values were followed by declines before fluctuating in and out of the lower reference ranges for the metrics. Detrended correspondence analyses and indicator species analyses showed that changes in species composition and community structure were ongoing throughout the second phase. Thus, the first phase was characterized by species additions, while the second phase involved species replacements and shifts in community dominants. Further recovery of the macroinvertebrate community will probably depend on additional flushing of fly ash deposits from the streambed and flood plain, because their continued presence reduces habitat quality in the stream and serves as a potential source of contaminants. Further recovery also may be limited by the availability of vagile species in nearby watersheds. JF - Environmental management AU - Smith, John G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, MS-6038, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. smithjg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 77 EP - 92 VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Index Medicus KW - Rivers KW - Animals KW - Incineration KW - Population Dynamics KW - Water Movements KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Water Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Invertebrates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71508535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+management&rft.atitle=Recovery+of+the+benthic+macroinvertebrate+community+in+a+small+stream+after+long-term+discharges+of+fly+ash.&rft.au=Smith%2C+John+G&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-20 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemistry of grain boundaries in mantle rocks AN - 51962744; 2003-055076 AB - The compositions of olivine grain boundaries have been analyzed with scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) via energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrum profiling in three specimens: a peridotite ultramylonite, olivine phenocrysts in a basaltic rock, and synthesized compacts of olivine + diopside. Composition profiles across grain boundaries in both natural and synthetic samples exhibit a characteristic width of 5 nm and a depletion of Mg and concomitant enrichments of Ca, Al, Ti, and Cr. Chemical segregation is known to affect grain boundary processes such as grain boundary diffusion, sliding, fracture, and migration, all of which influence the rheological properties of polycrystalline aggregates. Also, because grain boundaries are enriched in trace elements, the boundaries can be important storage sites for such elements in mantle rocks. Mantle-derived melts with unusual compositions, such as those rich in Ca and/or Ti, might be explained by preferential melting of olivine grain boundaries enriched in these elements. The common chemical signatures at grain boundaries in all samples indicate that chemical segregation is an energetically favorable phenomenon and thus should occur elsewhere in Earth's mantle. Segregation of trace elements to grain boundaries may play an important role in dynamical and geochemical processes in Earth's mantle. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Hiraga, Takehiko AU - Anderson, Ian M AU - Kohlstedt, David L Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 1015 EP - 1019 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 88 IS - 7 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - igneous rocks KW - mantle KW - olivine group KW - pyroxene group KW - plutonic rocks KW - clinopyroxene KW - ultramylonite KW - grain boundaries KW - aluminum KW - olivine KW - metamorphic rocks KW - orthosilicates KW - diopside KW - trace elements KW - chromium KW - chain silicates KW - alkaline earth metals KW - electron microscopy data KW - mylonites KW - ultramafics KW - nesosilicates KW - titanium KW - metals KW - peridotites KW - polycrystalline materials KW - phenocrysts KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51962744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Chemistry+of+grain+boundaries+in+mantle+rocks&rft.au=Hiraga%2C+Takehiko%3BAnderson%2C+Ian+M%3BKohlstedt%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Hiraga&rft.aufirst=Takehiko&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1015&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aluminum; calcium; chain silicates; chromium; clinopyroxene; diopside; electron microscopy data; grain boundaries; igneous rocks; magnesium; mantle; metals; metamorphic rocks; mylonites; nesosilicates; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; peridotites; phenocrysts; plutonic rocks; polycrystalline materials; pyroxene group; silicates; titanium; trace elements; ultramafics; ultramylonite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling unsaturated flow and transport in the saprolite of fractured sedimentary rocks; effects of periodic wetting and drying AN - 51913719; 2003-078681 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Van der Hoven, Stephen J AU - Solomon, D Kip AU - Moline, Gerilynn R Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 11 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 39 IS - 7 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - fertilizers KW - alteration KW - behavior KW - unsaturated zone KW - fluid dynamics KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - sampling KW - geochemistry KW - climate KW - chemical weathering KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - hydrochemistry KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - models KW - saprolite KW - humidity KW - wettability KW - water wells KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51913719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Modeling+unsaturated+flow+and+transport+in+the+saprolite+of+fractured+sedimentary+rocks%3B+effects+of+periodic+wetting+and+drying&rft.au=Van+der+Hoven%2C+Stephen+J%3BSolomon%2C+D+Kip%3BMoline%2C+Gerilynn+R&rft.aulast=Van+der+Hoven&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002WR001926 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; behavior; chemical weathering; clastic rocks; climate; fertilizers; fluid dynamics; fractures; geochemistry; humidity; hydrochemistry; models; monitoring; numerical models; permeability; porosity; sampling; saprolite; sedimentary rocks; solute transport; unsaturated zone; water wells; weathering; wettability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001926 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural attenuation of trichloroethylene in fractured shale bedrock AN - 51163423; 2003-064519 AB - This paper describes one of the first well-documented field examples of natural attenuation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in groundwater in a fractured shale bedrock. The study was carried out adjacent to a former waste burial site in Waste Area Grouping 5 (WAG5) on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Oak Ridge, TN. A contaminant plume containing TCE and its daughter products were detected downgradient from the buried waste pits, with most of the contamination occurring in the upper 6 m of the bedrock. The monitoring well array consists of a 35-m-long transect of multilevel sampling wells, situated along a line between the waste pits and a seep which discharges into a small stream. Concentrations of volatile organic carbons (VOCs) were highest in the waste trenches and decreased with distance downgradient towards the seep. Sampling wells indicated the presence of overlapping plumes of TCE, cis-dichloroethylene (cDCE), vinyl chloride (VC), ethylene, ethane, and methane, with the daughter products extending further downgradient than the parent (TCE). This type of distribution suggests anaerobic biodegradation. Measurements of redox potential at the site indicated that iron-reduction, sulfate reduction, and potentially methanogensis were occurring and are conducive to dechlorination of TCE. Bacteria enrichment of groundwater samples revealed the presence of methanotrophs, methanogens, iron-reducing bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria, all of which have previously been implicated in anaerobic biodegradation of TCE. 16S rDNA sequence from DNA extracted from two wells were similar to sequences of organisms previously implicated in the anaerobic biodegradation of chlorinated solvents. The combined data strongly suggest that anaerobic biodegradation of the highly chlorinated compounds is occurring. Aerobic biodegradation may also be occurring in oxygenated zones, including near a seep where groundwater exits the site, or in the upper bedrock during seasonal fluctuations in water table elevation and oxygen levels. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Lenczewski, M AU - Jardine, P AU - McKay, L AU - Layton, A Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 151 EP - 168 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 64 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - vinyl chloride KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - oxygen KW - contaminant plumes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - observation wells KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - environmental analysis KW - reservoir rocks KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ethylene KW - sedimentary rocks KW - alkenes KW - Tennessee KW - natural attenuation KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - bedrock KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - shale KW - pollutants KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - water table KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - dechlorination KW - bacteria KW - volatile organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - nuclear facilities KW - trichloroethylene KW - seasonal variations KW - clastic rocks KW - underground disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51163423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Natural+attenuation+of+trichloroethylene+in+fractured+shale+bedrock&rft.au=Lenczewski%2C+M%3BJardine%2C+P%3BMcKay%2C+L%3BLayton%2C+A&rft.aulast=Lenczewski&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900090-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; anaerobic environment; aquifers; bacteria; bedrock; biodegradation; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic rocks; concentration; contaminant plumes; dechlorination; dehalogenation; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; environmental analysis; ethylene; fractured materials; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; natural attenuation; nonaqueous phase liquids; nuclear facilities; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; observation wells; organic compounds; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; remediation; reservoir rocks; seasonal variations; sedimentary rocks; shale; Tennessee; trichloroethylene; underground disposal; United States; vinyl chloride; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; water quality; water table DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00090-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Palladium-bacterial cellulose membranes for fuel cells AN - 18922955; 5606533 AB - Bacterial cellulose is a versatile renewable biomaterial that can be used as a hydrophilic matrix for the incorporation of metals into thin, flexible, thermally stable membranes. In contrast to plant cellulose, we found it catalyzed the deposition of metals within its structure to generate a finely divided homogeneous catalyst layer. Experimental data suggested that bacterial cellulose possessed reducing groups capable of initiating the precipitation of palladium, gold, and silver from aqueous solution. Since the bacterial cellulose contained water equivalent to at least 200 times the dry weight of the cellulose, it was dried to a thin membranous structure suitable for the construction of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs). Results of our study with palladium-cellulose showed that it was capable of catalyzing the generation of hydrogen when incubated with sodium dithionite and generated an electrical current from hydrogen in an MEA containing native cellulose as the polyelectrolyte membrane (PEM). Advantages of using native and metallized bacterial cellulose membranes in an MEA over other PEMs such as Nafion 117 include its higher thermal stability to 130 degree C and lower gas crossover. JF - Biosensors & Bioelectronics AU - Evans, B R AU - O'Neill, H M AU - Malyvanh, V P AU - Lee, I AU - Woodward, J AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 4500N Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6194, USA, evansb@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 SP - 917 EP - 923 PB - Elsevier Science B.V. VL - 18 IS - 7 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - polyelectrolyte membrane KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bacteria KW - palladium KW - Membranes KW - fuel cells KW - Electrodes KW - Cellulose KW - Gold KW - Hydrogen KW - Silver KW - Electrical properties KW - W2 32550:Energy, minerals KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 210:Bioremediation, Bioreactors & BioCycling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18922955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.atitle=Palladium-bacterial+cellulose+membranes+for+fuel+cells&rft.au=Evans%2C+B+R%3BO%27Neill%2C+H+M%3BMalyvanh%2C+V+P%3BLee%2C+I%3BWoodward%2C+J&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0956-5663%2802%2900212-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Membranes; Cellulose; Bacteria; Silver; Gold; palladium; Hydrogen; Electrical properties; Electrodes; fuel cells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0956-5663(02)00212-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial phylogenetic diversity and a novel candidate division of two humid region, sandy surface soils AN - 18790586; 5663103 AB - The extent of microbial community diversity in two similar sandy surface soils from Virginia and Delaware (USA) was analysed with a culture-independent small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene-based cloning approach with about 400-700 SSU rDNA clones obtained from each sample. While there were no operational taxonomic units (OTUs) having more than three individuals, about 96- 99% of the OTUs had only a single individual. The clones showing less than 85% similarity to the sequences in the current databases were fully sequenced. The majority of the clones (55%) had sequences that were more than 20% different from those in the current databases. About 37% of the clones differed by 15-20% in sequence from the database, 16% of the clones differed by 10-15%, and 5% of the clones differed by only 1-10%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these sequences fell into 10 of the 35-40 known phylogenetic divisions. Many of the clones were affiliated with Acidobacterium (35%). While a substantial portion of the clones belong to alpha (24%) and beta (12%) Proteobacteria, a few of them were affiliated with delta (6%) and gamma (3%) Proteobacteria. About 6% of the clones belong to Planctomycetes, and 4% of the clones were related to gram-positive bacteria. About 4% of clones were related to other bacterial divisions, including Cytophaga, Green sulfur bacteria, Nitrospira, OP10, and Verrucomicrobia. Eight sequences had no specific association with any of the known divisions or candidate divisions and were phylogenetically divided into three novel division level groups, named AD1, AD2 and AD3. Candidate division AD1 represented by six clones (4%) was found in both sites and consisted of two subdivisions. The community structures were similar between these two widely separated, sandy, oligotrophic, surface soils under grass vegetation in a temperate, humid climate but somewhat dissimilar to community structures revealed in similar studies in other types of soil habitats. JF - Soil Biology and Biochemistry AU - Zhou, J AU - Xia, B AU - Huang, H AU - Treves, D S AU - Hauser, L J AU - Mural, R J AU - Palumbo, A V AU - Tiedje, J M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 38831, USA, zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 SP - 915 EP - 924 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd. VL - 35 IS - 7 SN - 0038-0717, 0038-0717 KW - nucleotide sequence KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts KW - A 01047:General KW - D 04620:Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18790586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Bacterial+phylogenetic+diversity+and+a+novel+candidate+division+of+two+humid+region%2C+sandy+surface+soils&rft.au=Zhou%2C+J%3BXia%2C+B%3BHuang%2C+H%3BTreves%2C+D+S%3BHauser%2C+L+J%3BMural%2C+R+J%3BPalumbo%2C+A+V%3BTiedje%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=915&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00380717&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0038-0717%2803%2900124-X LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(03)00124-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of an integrated microchip system with capillary array electrophoresis to optimization of enzymatic reactions AN - 17851715; 5693724 AB - In this work, a combination of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) microchip system with capillary array electrophoresis (CAE) is demonstrated as a system for optimizing conditions for enzymatic reaction. Dimethylacridinone (DDAO)-phosphate substrate and alkaline phosphatase conjugate were selected for the enzymatic reaction, which was applicable to the enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Laser-induced fluorometry with a miniature semiconductor laser was used to detect the enzymatic products. The speed of the enzymatic reaction between the DDAO-phosphate and the alkaline phosphatase conjugate was investigated as a function of reaction time. The microchip-CAE detection system could determine the pH condition and the concentration of enzyme that are suitable for rapid and low-cost analysis. This result shows the feasibility of using the microchip-CAE system for application to miniaturized screening systems. JF - Analytica Chimica Acta AU - Song, J M AU - Griffin, G D AU - Vo-Dinh, T AD - Life Sciences Division, Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA, vodinht@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/07/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jul 01 SP - 75 EP - 82 PB - Elsevier VL - 487 IS - 1 SN - 0003-2670, 0003-2670 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biosensors KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Alkaline phosphatase KW - Electrophoresis KW - microchips KW - Enzymes KW - Fluorometry KW - Lasers KW - Immunosorbents KW - W4 230:Biosensors, Bioelectronics & Bioindicators KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17851715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytica+Chimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Application+of+an+integrated+microchip+system+with+capillary+array+electrophoresis+to+optimization+of+enzymatic+reactions&rft.au=Song%2C+J+M%3BGriffin%2C+G+D%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T&rft.aulast=Song&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=487&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytica+Chimica+Acta&rft.issn=00032670&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0003-2670%2803%2900515-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - BIOSENSORS 2002 SI. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - microchips; Electrophoresis; Alkaline phosphatase; Fluorometry; Immunosorbents; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Lasers; Enzymes; Biosensors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(03)00515-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Derivation of Aquatic Screening Benchmarks for 1,2-Dibromoethane AN - 16172104; 5768671 AB - Ethylene dibromide (1,2-dibromoethane or EDB) was primarily used in the United States as an additive in leaded gasoline and as a soil and grain fumigant for worm and insect control until it was banned in 1983. Historical releases of EDB have resulted in detectable EDB in groundwater and drinking wells, and recently concentrations up to 16 i[frac14]g/L were detected in ground water at two fuel spill plumes in the vicinity of the Massachusetts Military Reservation Base on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Because the ground water in this area is used to flood cranberry bogs for the purposes of harvesting, the U.S. Air Force sponsored the development of aquatic screening benchmarks for EDB. Acute toxicity tests with Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow), Daphnia magna, and Ceriodaphnia dubia were conducted to provide data needed for development of screening benchmarks. Using a closed test-system to prevent volatilization of EDB, the 48-h LC sub(50)s (concentration that kills 50% of the test organisms) for P. promelas, D. magna, and C. dubia were 4.3 mg/L, 6.5 mg/L, and 3.6 mg/L, respectively. The screening benchmark for aquatic organisms, derived as the Tier II chronic water quality criteria, is 0.031 mg EDB/L. The sediment screening benchmark, based on equilibrium partitioning, is 2.45 mg EDB/kg of organic carbon in the sediment. The screening benchmarks developed here are an important component of an ecological risk assessment, during which perhaps hundreds of chemicals must be evaluated for their potential to cause ecological harm. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Kszos, LA AU - Talmage, S S AU - Morris, G W AU - Konetsky, B K AU - Rottero, T AD - , Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA, US Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 66 EP - 71 PB - Springer-Verlag VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - 1,2-dibromoethane KW - Benchmarks KW - Cranberry bogs KW - Ethelyne dibromide KW - Fathead minnow KW - USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod KW - Water fleas KW - benchmarks KW - ethylene dibromide KW - risk assessment KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Water Pollution KW - Toxicity measurements KW - Gasoline KW - Ecological Effects KW - Freshwater fish KW - Toxicity tests KW - Bioassay KW - Public health KW - Water Quality Standards KW - Insecticides KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Experimental Data KW - Brominated hydrocarbons KW - Contaminated sediments KW - Aquatic environment KW - Lethal limits KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Contaminants KW - Toxicity testing KW - Risk assessment KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Human food KW - Pollution effects KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Daphnia magna KW - Risks KW - Ecology KW - Ceriodaphnia dubia KW - Freshwater crustaceans KW - Ground water KW - Chemical pollution KW - Sediment pollution KW - Water quality criteria KW - Toxicity KW - Marshes KW - Water supply KW - USA KW - Pimephales promelas KW - Chemical pollutants KW - Median Tolerance Limit KW - Additives KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16172104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Derivation+of+Aquatic+Screening+Benchmarks+for+1%2C2-Dibromoethane&rft.au=Kszos%2C+LA%3BTalmage%2C+S+S%3BMorris%2C+G+W%3BKonetsky%2C+B+K%3BRottero%2C+T&rft.aulast=Kszos&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=66&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00244-002-0151-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; Sediment pollution; Human food; Pollution effects; Marshes; Brominated hydrocarbons; Freshwater fish; Toxicity tests; Risks; Public health; Water supply; Insecticides; Lethal limits; Freshwater crustaceans; Groundwater pollution; Chemical pollutants; Additives; Ground water; Contaminants; Risk assessment; Gasoline; Water quality criteria; Chemical pollution; Toxicity testing; Aquatic environment; Ecology; Water Pollution; Water Quality Standards; Toxicity measurements; Groundwater Pollution; Toxicity; Contaminated sediments; Bioassay; Experimental Data; Water Pollution Effects; Sediment Contamination; Ecological Effects; Median Tolerance Limit; Ceriodaphnia dubia; Pimephales promelas; Daphnia magna; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-002-0151-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Landscape Level Analysis of Potential Excess Nitrogen in East-Central North Carolina, USA AN - 755133854; 13634552 AB - The objective of this research was to arrive at an assessment of potential excess nitrogen (N) under different land cover categories in the Neuse River Basin (North Carolina, USA) on a seasonal basis. Data on five processes (atmospheric N deposition, fertilization, net soil N mineralization, plant uptake, and denitrification) that contribute to potential excess N under different land cover categories were obtained from a literature review. Factors were also estimated to apportion annual N fluxes among different seasons of the year. Potential excess N was calculated as the difference between inputs to and outputs from an inorganic N pool. If inputs exceeded outputs, then the difference was assumed to represent N at risk of loss from the landscape to surface receiving waters and groundwaters. Land covers that were classified as potential N sources were influenced by soil N inventories and rates of net soil N mineralization (which is a natural process). The results indicated that there are large land areas in the Neuse River Basin that could be classified as either a N source or a N sink. Such areas are potentially sensitive because future changes in land use, or small alterations in N fluxes, could convert areas that are essentially in balance with respect to N biogeochemistry into the N source or N sink category. In this respect, model predictions indicate that the timing of N inputs and outputs on the landscape can be a critical determinant of potential excess N. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Garten, C T AU - Ashwood, T L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA (author for correspondence, gartenctjr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 3 EP - 21 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 146 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Assessments KW - Soil KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Groundwater KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755133854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=A+Landscape+Level+Analysis+of+Potential+Excess+Nitrogen+in+East-Central+North+Carolina%2C+USA&rft.au=Garten%2C+C+T%3BAshwood%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Garten&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1023923105942 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Groundwater; USA, North Carolina DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023923105942 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment surface effects on methane hydrate formation and dissociation AN - 51969500; 2003-051041 AB - The effects of sediment surfaces on methane hydrate formation and dissociation were investigated using colloidal suspensions and new experimental methods developed for a large volume (72 liters), temperature-controlled pressure vessel. Hydrates were formed by bubbling methane gas through test solutions at temperatures and pressures within the hydrate stability field. Hydrate formation was visually detected by the accumulation of hydrate-encrusted gas bubbles. To measure hydrate dissociation conditions, the pressure vessel was warmed while temperature was monitored within a zone of previously formed hydrate-encrusted gas bubbles. Hydrate dissociation was indicated by a distinct plateau in the hydrate zone temperature, while temperatures of the gas and liquid phases within the vessel continued to rise. The "dissociation plateau" appears to be a phenomenon that is unique to the large volume of the pressure vessel used for the experiments. In experiments where hydrates were formed in pure water, temperature and corresponding pressure conditions measured during the temperature plateau matched model-predicted values for hydrate stability in water, thus confirming the validity of this new method for measuring hydrate dissociation conditions. Formation and dissociation conditions were measured for methane hydrates in colloidal suspensions containing bentonite. Hydrate formation experiments indicated that the presence of bentonite in water at 200 mg/l significantly decreased pressures required for hydrate formation relative to formation in pure water alone. On the other hand, hydrate dissociation conditions measured in bentonite and silica suspensions with solids concentrations of 34 g/l did not differ significantly from that of water. These results are relevant to the origin and stability of natural gas hydrate deposits known to exist in deep permafrost and marine sediments, where the effects of sediment surfaces are largely unknown. JF - Marine Geology AU - Riestenberg, David AU - West, Olivia AU - Lee, Sangyong AU - McCallum, Scott AU - Phelps, Tommy J A2 - van Weering, Tjeerd C. E. A2 - Dullo, Wolf-Christian A2 - Henriet, Jean-Pierre Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 181 EP - 190 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 198 IS - 1-2 SN - 0025-3227, 0025-3227 KW - sediment-water interface KW - sea water KW - permafrost KW - dissociation KW - gas hydrates KW - analog simulation KW - geopressure KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - deep-sea environment KW - temperature KW - laboratory studies KW - marine sediments KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - sediments KW - applications KW - geochemistry KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - methane KW - pressure KW - bentonite KW - mineral-water interface KW - alkanes KW - measurement KW - gases KW - organic compounds KW - marine environment KW - hydrocarbons KW - clastic rocks KW - instruments KW - 07:Oceanography KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51969500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Geology&rft.atitle=Sediment+surface+effects+on+methane+hydrate+formation+and+dissociation&rft.au=Riestenberg%2C+David%3BWest%2C+Olivia%3BLee%2C+Sangyong%3BMcCallum%2C+Scott%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J&rft.aulast=Riestenberg&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=198&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Geology&rft.issn=00253227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0025-3227%2803%2900100-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00253227 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 2000 fall meeting, special session on Geosphere-biosphere coupling; cold seep related carbonate and mound formation and ecology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MAGEA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; analog simulation; applications; bentonite; clastic rocks; colloidal materials; deep-sea environment; dissociation; experimental studies; gas hydrates; gases; geochemistry; geopressure; hydrocarbons; instruments; laboratory studies; marine environment; marine sediments; measurement; methane; mineral composition; mineral-water interface; organic compounds; permafrost; pressure; sea water; sediment-water interface; sedimentary rocks; sediments; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00100-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using measured velocity to estimate gas hydrates concentration AN - 51953947; 2003-058105 AB - A new method for using measured P-wave and S-wave velocities to estimate gas hydrate concentration uses the Hashin-Shtrikman (HS) lower bound to provide both an upper and lower bound for mixtures of water and hydrate in unconsolidated marine sediments. The method parameterizes the region between the upper and lower bounds by using two upper bounds: HS and Voigt. Well log measurements of resistivity and the Archie equation are used to calculate hydrate concentration, and quadratic functions that relate the hydrate parameters to the hydrate concentration are estimated. For this data set, neither resistivity nor velocity provide a good method for detecting values of hydrate concentration that are less than 20%. JF - Geophysics AU - Reister, David B Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 884 EP - 891 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 68 IS - 3 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - P-waves KW - petroleum engineering KW - gas hydrates KW - natural gas KW - well-logging KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - algorithms KW - P-T conditions KW - body waves KW - methane KW - geophysical methods KW - alkanes KW - resistivity KW - porosity KW - seismic methods KW - organic compounds KW - reserves KW - detection KW - hydrocarbons KW - reservoir properties KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51953947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Using+measured+velocity+to+estimate+gas+hydrates+concentration&rft.au=Reister%2C+David+B&rft.aulast=Reister&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=884&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1581040 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; body waves; detection; elastic waves; gas hydrates; geophysical methods; hydrocarbons; methane; natural gas; organic compounds; P-T conditions; P-waves; petroleum; petroleum engineering; porosity; reserves; reservoir properties; resistivity; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1581040 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved crystallographic data for graphite AN - 51951091; 2003-062846 AB - Powder diffraction pattern of SP-1 graphite has been obtained using synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Unit cell dimensions were calculated using a least-squares analysis that refined to a Delta 2theta degrees of no more than 0.007. A hexagonal cell was determined with a space group of P6 (sub 3) /mmc (194), a = 2.4617(2) and c = 6.7106 (4) Aa. The Smith/Synder figure of merit is 167 based upon 11 peaks, which indicates that the quality of this data set is superior to the existing PDF card for graphite, 41-1487. It is also emphasized that the interlayer spacing of graphite should be 3.355(1) Aa. Using GAS and EXPGUI codes, a new set of calculated powder diffraction data based upon the interlayer spacing of 3.555 Aa is generated. A comparison with the current calculated card, 75-1621, has also been made. JF - Powder Diffraction AU - Howe, J Y AU - Rawn, C J AU - Jones, L E AU - Ow, H Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 150 EP - 154 PB - JCPDS - International Centre for Diffraction Data, Newtown Square, PA VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0885-7156, 0885-7156 KW - synchrotron radiation KW - graphite KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - space groups KW - statistical analysis KW - crystal structure KW - native elements KW - powder method KW - least-squares analysis KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51951091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Powder+Diffraction&rft.atitle=Improved+crystallographic+data+for+graphite&rft.au=Howe%2C+J+Y%3BRawn%2C+C+J%3BJones%2C+L+E%3BOw%2C+H&rft.aulast=Howe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Powder+Diffraction&rft.issn=08857156&rft_id=info:doi/10.1154%2F1.1536926 L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/pdj/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal structure; graphite; least-squares analysis; native elements; powder method; space groups; statistical analysis; synchrotron radiation; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1536926 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of illite particle thickness using a direct fourier transform of small-angle X-ray scattering data AN - 51944942; 2003-069976 AB - It has been suggested that interstratified illite-smectite (I-S) minerals are composed of aggregates of fundamental particles. Many attempts have been made to measure the thickness of such fundamental particles, but each of the methods used suffers from its own limitations and uncertainties. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) can be used to measure the thickness of particles that scatter X-rays coherently. We used SAXS to study suspensions of Na-rectorite and other illites with varying proportions of smectite. The scattering intensity (I) was recorded as a function of the scattering vector, q = (4 pi /lambda ) sin(theta /2), where lambda is the X-ray wavelength and theta is the scattering angle. The experimental data were treated with a direct Fourier transform to obtain the pair distance distribution function (PDDF) that was then used to determine the thickness of illite particles. The Guinier and Porod extrapolations were used to obtain the scattering intensity beyond the experimental q, and the effects of such extrapolations on the PDDF were examined. The thickness of independent rectorite particles (used as a reference mineral) is 18.3 A. The SAXS results are compared with those obtained by X-ray diffraction peak broadening methods. It was found that the power-law exponent (alpha ) obtained by fitting the data in the region of q = 0.1-0.6 nm (super -1) to the power law (I = I (sub 0) q (super -alpha ) ) is a linear function of illite particle thickness. Therefore, illite particle thickness could be predicted by the linear relationship as long as the thickness is within the limit where alpha <4.0. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Shang, Chao AU - Rice, James A AU - Eberl, Dennis D AU - Lin, Jar-Shyong Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 293 EP - 300 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - aggregate KW - clay mineralogy KW - data processing KW - smectite KW - illite KW - X-ray spectra KW - clay minerals KW - X-ray data KW - Fourier analysis KW - thickness KW - sheet silicates KW - spectra KW - mixed-layer minerals KW - particles KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51944942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+illite+particle+thickness+using+a+direct+fourier+transform+of+small-angle+X-ray+scattering+data&rft.au=Shang%2C+Chao%3BRice%2C+James+A%3BEberl%2C+Dennis+D%3BLin%2C+Jar-Shyong&rft.aulast=Shang&rft.aufirst=Chao&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/10.1346%2FCCMN.2003.0510305 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cms/ccm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aggregate; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; data processing; Fourier analysis; illite; mixed-layer minerals; particles; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; spectra; thickness; X-ray data; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2003.0510305 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric iron delivery and surface ocean biological activity in the Southern Ocean and Patagonian region AN - 51777033; 2004-085318 AB - Iron is a limiting nutrient for biologic activity in much of the world ocean. We present a method to quantitatively address the response of surface ocean biology to inputs of atmospheric Fe associated with atmospheric dust. We merge two enabling technologies, global models of Earth system processes and satellite derived chlorophyll concentrations to assess the importance of Fe in oceanic biogeochemistry. We present an objective correlation analysis to elucidate the spatial response of chlorophyll to iron flux considering the ocean surface meridional center of mass in areas with high correlation. (modfied journ. abstr.) JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Erickson, David J, III AU - Hernandez, Jose L AU - Ginoux, Paul AU - Gregg, Watson W AU - McClain, C AU - Christian, J Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 12 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Southern Ocean KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - biochemistry KW - atmosphere KW - iron KW - geochemical cycle KW - nutrients KW - South America KW - biogenic processes KW - Patagonia KW - Argentina KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - dust KW - sediments KW - aerosols KW - wind transport KW - productivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51777033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+iron+delivery+and+surface+ocean+biological+activity+in+the+Southern+Ocean+and+Patagonian+region&rft.au=Erickson%2C+David+J%2C+III%3BHernandez%2C+Jose+L%3BGinoux%2C+Paul%3BGregg%2C+Watson+W%3BMcClain%2C+C%3BChristian%2C+J&rft.aulast=Erickson&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003GL017241 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; Argentina; atmosphere; biochemistry; biogenic processes; clastic sediments; dust; experimental studies; geochemical cycle; iron; marine environment; metals; nutrients; Patagonia; productivity; sediments; South America; Southern Ocean; wind transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003GL017241 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integration of fossil energy systems with CO sub(2) sequestration through NH sub(4)HCO sub(3) production AN - 20522326; 5636110 AB - The increasing anthropogenic CO sub(2) emission and global warming (thus climate change) have challenged the United States and other countries to find new and better ways to meet the world's increasing needs for energy while reducing greenhouse gases emissions. Here, we present a practical and revolutionary method that can sequester greenhouse gas emissions and, at the same time, benefit both agriculture and the economy. The proposed strategy utilizes an innovative application of chemical processes to convert CO sub(2), NO sub(x) and SO sub(x) emissions into valuable fertilizers (mainly, NH sub(4)HCO sub(3)) that can enhance sequestration of CO sub(2) into soil and subsoil earth layers, reduce NO super(-) sub(3) contamination of groundwater and stimulate photosynthetic fixation of CO sub(2) from the atmosphere. This invention integrates pollutant removing fertilizer production reactions with coal-fired power plants and other energy operations, resulting in a clean energy system that is in harmony with the earth ecosystem. This technology could contribute importantly to global CO sub(2) sequestration and clean air protection. When this technology is in worldwide use, because of its high efficiency and carbon credit, in addition to the benefit of clean air protection and stimulation of photosynthetic fixation of CO sub(2) fromthe atmosphere, maximally 300 million tons of CO sub(2) per year (equivalent to about 5% of the CO sub(2) emissions from coal-fired power plants in the world) from smokestacks can be placed into soil by the use of this technology. JF - Energy Conversion & Management AU - Lee, J W AU - Li, R AD - Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37381-6194, USA, leejw@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 1535 EP - 1546 VL - 44 IS - 9 SN - 0196-8904, 0196-8904 KW - ammonium nitrate KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Fertilizers KW - Fossil fuels KW - Energy KW - Air pollution control KW - Emission control KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20522326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Conversion+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Integration+of+fossil+energy+systems+with+CO+sub%282%29+sequestration+through+NH+sub%284%29HCO+sub%283%29+production&rft.au=Lee%2C+J+W%3BLi%2C+R&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Conversion+%26+Management&rft.issn=01968904&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fertilizers; Fossil fuels; Energy; Emission control; Air pollution control; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Population Viability Analysis for White Sturgeon in the Snake River, Idaho AN - 19416780; 5800088 AB - Dams on the Snake River (Idaho, Washington, and Oregon) have segregated white sturgeon populations, and many of these are struggling as a result of modified flow, poor water quality, restricted passage, and other factors. To support relicensing efforts for various Snake River hydropower projects, we developed models to investigate how modifications to project operations might affect growth, reproduction, and population viability. We developed a bioenergetics model to evaluate growth and reproductive capacity under different thermal and flow regimes. Reach-specific conditions caused marked differences in growth, age at first maturity, and fecundity. We also developed a meta-population model to perform a population viability analysis on the entire Snake River population. The PVA model was used to investigate 1) which factors have the greatest influence on recruitment, 2) how habitat fragmentation influences populations, and 3) the effectiveness of potential mitigative and restoration options. The most important factors limiting recruitment varied among reaches and included poor water quality, harvest, and larval export. Important aspects of fragmentation included the creation of smaller populations, reduction in riverine habitat, and disruption in migration. We used the model to evaluate various mitigation measures. JF - Global Threats to Large Lakes: Managing in an Environment of Instability and Unpredictability AU - Bevelhimer AU - Jager, H Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 1 EP - 26 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research, 2205 Commonwealth Boulevard Ann Arbor MI 48105 USA KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Age KW - Age at recruitment KW - maturity KW - Regulated Rivers KW - hydroelectric power KW - Freshwater KW - Water quality KW - USA, Washington, Snake R. KW - habitat fragmentation KW - fecundity KW - USA, Washington KW - mitigation KW - Lakes KW - Acipenser KW - Dams KW - USA, Idaho, Snake R. KW - recruitment KW - Sturgeon KW - USA, Oregon KW - Dam Effects KW - Growth rate KW - Rivers KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Hydroelectric Power KW - migration KW - exports KW - Conferences KW - Recruitment KW - Water Quality KW - Larvae KW - bioenergetics KW - Habitat KW - USA, Idaho, Sawtooth Valley, Snake R. KW - USA, Idaho KW - Fecundity KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Habitat improvement KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Reproduction KW - Fish Populations KW - Environment management KW - Fish Migration KW - Q1 08421:Migrations and rhythms KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19416780?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bevelhimer%3BJager%2C+H&rft.aulast=Bevelhimer&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Population+Viability+Analysis+for+White+Sturgeon+in+the+Snake+River%2C+Idaho&rft.title=Population+Viability+Analysis+for+White+Sturgeon+in+the+Snake+River%2C+Idaho&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microarrays for bacterial detection and microbial community analysis AN - 18952934; 5702077 AB - Several types of microarrays have recently been developed and evaluated for bacterial detection and microbial community analysis. These studies demonstrated that specific, sensitive and quantitative detection could be obtained with both functional gene arrays and community genome arrays. Although single-base mismatch can be differentiated with phylogenetic oligonucleotide arrays, reliable specific detection at the single-base level is still problematic. Microarray-based hybridization approaches are also useful for defining genome diversity and bacterial relatedness. However, more rigorous and systematic assessment and development are needed to realize the full potential of microarrays for microbial detection and community analysis. JF - Current Opinion in Microbiology AU - Zhou, Jizhong AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 288 EP - 294 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1369-5274, 1369-5274 KW - DNA microarrays KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Bacteria KW - Hybridization analysis KW - Community structure KW - Reviews KW - DNA KW - Taxonomy KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18952934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Microarrays+for+bacterial+detection+and+microbial+community+analysis&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Jizhong&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Jizhong&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Opinion+in+Microbiology&rft.issn=13695274&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1369-5274%2803%2900052-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews; Bacteria; Community structure; Hybridization analysis; DNA; Taxonomy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1369-5274(03)00052-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular Diversity of Denitrifying Genes in Continental Margin Sediments within the Oxygen-Deficient Zone off the Pacific Coast of Mexico AN - 18866646; 5680196 AB - To understand the composition and structure of denitrifying communities in the oxygen-deficient zone off the Pacific coast of Mexico, the molecular diversity of nir genes from sediments obtained at four stations was examined by using a PCR-based cloning approach. A total of 50 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) for nirK and 82 OTUs for nirS were obtained from all samples. Forty-four of the nirS clones and 31 of the nirK clones were sequenced; the levels of similarity of the nirS clones were 52 to 92%, and the levels of similarity of the nirS clones were 50 to 99%. The percentages of overlapping OTUs between stations were 18 to 30% for nirS and 5 to 8% for nirK. Sequence analysis revealed that 26% of the nirS clones were related to the nirS genes of Alcaligenes faecalis (80 to 94% similar) and Pseudomonas stutzeri (80 to 99%), whereas 3 to 31% of the nirK clones were closely related to the nirK genes of Pseudomonas sp. strain G-179 (98 to 99%), Bradyrhizobium japonicum (91%), Blastobacter denitrificans (83%), and Alcaligenes xylosoxidans (96%). The rest of the clones, however, were less than 80% similar to nirS and nirK sequences available in sequence databases. The results of a principal-component analysis (PCA) based on the percentage of OTUs and biogeochemical data indicated that the nitrate concentration and oxygen have an effect on the denitrifying communities. The communities at the stations in oxygen-deficient zones were more similar than the communities at the stations in the oxygenated zone. The denitrifying communities were more similar at the stations that were closer together and had similar nitrate levels. Also, the results of PCA based on biogeochemical properties suggest that geographic location and biogeochemical conditions, especially the nitrate and oxygen levels, appear to be the key factors that control the structure of denitrifying communities. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Liu, X AU - Tiquia, S M AU - Holguin, G AU - Wu, L AU - Nold, S C AU - Devol, AH AU - Luo, K AU - Palumbo, A V AU - Tiedje, J M AU - Zhou, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 3549 EP - 3560 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 69 IS - 6 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Operational Taxonomic Units KW - Principal-component analysis KW - anoxic environments KW - nirK gene KW - nirS gene KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Nitrate KW - Pseudomonas stutzeri KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Genetic diversity KW - Pseudomonas KW - Population genetics KW - Genes KW - Denitrification KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Clones KW - Marine KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Blastobacter denitrificans KW - Nitrates KW - Ecological associations KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Sediments KW - Anoxic sediments KW - Oxygen KW - Alcaligenes faecalis KW - Community composition KW - Mexico KW - Microorganisms KW - ISE, Mexico KW - Bradyrhizobium japonicum KW - Sediment composition KW - Continental margins KW - Q1 08443:Population genetics KW - G 07270:Ecological genetics KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies KW - J 02905:Water KW - D 04620:Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18866646?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Molecular+Diversity+of+Denitrifying+Genes+in+Continental+Margin+Sediments+within+the+Oxygen-Deficient+Zone+off+the+Pacific+Coast+of+Mexico&rft.au=Liu%2C+X%3BTiquia%2C+S+M%3BHolguin%2C+G%3BWu%2C+L%3BNold%2C+S+C%3BDevol%2C+AH%3BLuo%2C+K%3BPalumbo%2C+A+V%3BTiedje%2C+J+M%3BZhou%2C+J&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.69.6.3549-3560.2003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clones; Sediment chemistry; Ecological associations; Nitrates; Biogeochemical cycle; Genetic diversity; Anoxic sediments; Population genetics; Community composition; Genes; Denitrification; Microorganisms; Polymerase chain reaction; Sediment composition; Continental margins; Nitrate; Oxygen; Nucleotide sequence; Sediments; Alcaligenes faecalis; Blastobacter denitrificans; Pseudomonas stutzeri; Pseudomonas; Bradyrhizobium japonicum; Mexico; ISE, Mexico; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.6.3549-3560.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The climatic impacts of land surface change and carbon management, and the implications for climate-change mitigation policy AN - 16167790; 5693400 AB - Strategies to mitigate anthropogenic climate change recognize that carbon sequestration in the terrestrial biosphere can reduce the build-up of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere. However, climate mitigation policies do not generally incorporate the effects of these changes in the land surface on the surface albedo, the fluxes of sensible and latent heat to the atmosphere, and the distribution of energy within the climate system. Changes in these components of the surface energy budget can affect the local, regional, and global climate. Given the goal of mitigating climate change, it is important to consider all of the effects of changes in terrestrial vegetation and to work toward a better understanding of the full climate system. Acknowledging the importance of land surface change as a component of climate change makes it more challenging to create a system of credits and debits wherein emission or sequestration of carbon in the biosphere is equated with emission of carbon from fossil fuels. Recognition of the complexity of human-caused changes in climate does not, however, weaken the importance of actions that would seek to minimize our disturbance of the Earth's environmental system and that would reduce societal and ecological vulnerability to environmental change and variability. JF - Climate Policy AU - Marland, G AU - Pielke, RA Sr AU - Apps, M AU - Avissar, R AU - Betts, R A AU - Davis, K J AU - Frumhoff, P C AU - Jackson, ST AU - Joyce, LA AU - Kauppi, P AU - Katzenberger, J AU - MacDicken, K G AU - Neilson, R P AU - Niles, JO AU - Niyogi, DDS AU - Norby, R J AU - Pena, N AU - Sampson, N AU - Xue, Y AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA, gum@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 149 EP - 157 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1469-3062, 1469-3062 KW - carbon sequestration KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Climate change KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Land use change KW - Land surface change KW - Surface energy balance KW - Climatic changes KW - Climatic change prevention KW - Carbon dioxide effects on climate KW - environmental policy KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16167790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Policy&rft.atitle=The+climatic+impacts+of+land+surface+change+and+carbon+management%2C+and+the+implications+for+climate-change+mitigation+policy&rft.au=Marland%2C+G%3BPielke%2C+RA+Sr%3BApps%2C+M%3BAvissar%2C+R%3BBetts%2C+R+A%3BDavis%2C+K+J%3BFrumhoff%2C+P+C%3BJackson%2C+ST%3BJoyce%2C+LA%3BKauppi%2C+P%3BKatzenberger%2C+J%3BMacDicken%2C+K+G%3BNeilson%2C+R+P%3BNiles%2C+JO%3BNiyogi%2C+DDS%3BNorby%2C+R+J%3BPena%2C+N%3BSampson%2C+N%3BXue%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Marland&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Policy&rft.issn=14693062&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1469-3062%2803%2900028-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climatic change prevention; Carbon dioxide effects on climate; Climatic changes; environmental policy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1469-3062(03)00028-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The dual influences of dissolved organic carbon on hypolimnetic metabolism: organic substrate and photosynthetic reduction AN - 1521402544; 5691359 AB - We investigated the effect of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on hypolimnetic metabolism (accumulation of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and methane (CH sub(4))) in 21 lakes across a gradient of DOC concentrations (308 to 1540 mu mol C L super(-1)). The highly colored nature of the DOC in these lakes suggests it is mostly of terrestrial origin. Hypolimnetic methane accumulation was positively correlated with epilimnetic DOC concentration (Spearman rank correlation = 0.67; p 800 mu mol L super(-1) were completely anoxic and often had high CH sub(4) concentrations. Thus, DOC affects hypolimnetic metabolism via multiple pathways: DOC was significant in supporting hypolimnetic metabolism; and at high concentrations depressed photosynthesis (and therefore oxygen production and DIC consumption) in the hypolimnion. JF - Biogeochemistry AU - Houser, J N AU - Bade, D L AU - Cole, J J AU - Pace, M L AD - Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 680 N. Park Street, Madison, 53706, USA; Current address: Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, Oak Ridge, 37831-6036, USA, houserjnrnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 247 EP - 269 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Photosynthesis KW - Dissolved inorganic carbon KW - Organic carbon KW - Limnology KW - Freshwater KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Lakes KW - Substrates KW - Dissolved organic carbon KW - Hypolimnion KW - Methane KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Metabolism KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - Q2 09184:Composition of water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1521402544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry&rft.atitle=The+dual+influences+of+dissolved+organic+carbon+on+hypolimnetic+metabolism%3A+organic+substrate+and+photosynthetic+reduction&rft.au=Houser%2C+J+N%3BBade%2C+D+L%3BCole%2C+J+J%3BPace%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Houser&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Photosynthesis; Biogeochemistry; Dissolved inorganic carbon; Physicochemical properties; Organic carbon; Limnology; Dissolved oxygen; Lakes; Substrates; Dissolved organic carbon; Hypolimnion; Metabolism; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complete degradation of perchlorate in ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid under controlled temperature and pressure. AN - 73332765; 12785539 AB - Despite favorable thermodynamics, the reduction of perchlorate (ClO4-) is kinetically limited in aqueous media because of its high activation energy. In this paper, a new methodology has been presented for degrading ClO4- in an FeCl3-HCl solution at an elevated temperature (< 200 degrees C) and/or pressure (approximately 20 atm). Results indicate that the rate constant for the pseudo-first-order reaction between ClO4- and ferrous Fe(II) (in excess) increased nearly 3 orders of magnitude when the temperature was increased from 110 to 195 degrees C, and a complete reduction of ClO4- occurred in < 1 h at 195 degrees C in the FeCl3-HCl solution. The activation energy of the reaction was calculated to be about 120 kJ/mol. Additionally, a flow-through reactor was constructed based on the batch kinetic measurements, and a nearly complete degradation of ClO4- was observed under continuous-flow mode. Because the FeCl3-HCl solution has been successfully used in regenerating selective anion-exchange resins sorbed with ClO4- during water treatment, this new methodology offers a cost-effective means to degrade ClO4- while not altering the chemical properties of the FeCl3-HCl regenerant solution so it can be reused, eliminating the production of secondary wastes. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Dong, Weijin AU - Brown, Gilbert M AU - Cole, David R AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6036, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA. b26@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/05/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 May 15 SP - 2291 EP - 2295 VL - 37 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Anion Exchange Resins KW - 0 KW - Chlorides KW - Ferric Compounds KW - Perchlorates KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Hydrochloric Acid KW - QTT17582CB KW - ferric chloride KW - U38V3ZVV3V KW - Index Medicus KW - Kinetics KW - Temperature KW - Pressure KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid -- instrumentation KW - Ferric Compounds -- chemistry KW - Perchlorates -- chemistry KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid -- methods KW - Hydrochloric Acid -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73332765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Complete+degradation+of+perchlorate+in+ferric+chloride+and+hydrochloric+acid+under+controlled+temperature+and+pressure.&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BDong%2C+Weijin%3BBrown%2C+Gilbert+M%3BCole%2C+David+R&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=2003-05-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-09-12 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Environ Sci Technol. 2004 Mar 15;38(6):1918; author reply 1919-20 [15074709] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term decline in carbon dioxide supersaturation in rivers across the contiguous United States AN - 51797125; 2004-073579 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Jones, Jeremy B, Jr AU - Stanley, Emily H AU - Mulholland, Patrick J Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 10 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - photosynthesis KW - concentration KW - human activity KW - biochemistry KW - rivers and streams KW - photochemistry KW - atmosphere KW - ecosystems KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - provenance KW - saturation KW - dissolved materials KW - partial pressure KW - carbon KW - organic carbon KW - discharge KW - productivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51797125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Long-term+decline+in+carbon+dioxide+supersaturation+in+rivers+across+the+contiguous+United+States&rft.au=Jones%2C+Jeremy+B%2C+Jr%3BStanley%2C+Emily+H%3BMulholland%2C+Patrick+J&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003GL017056 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; biochemistry; carbon; carbon dioxide; concentration; discharge; dissolved materials; ecosystems; ground water; human activity; hydrology; organic carbon; partial pressure; photochemistry; photosynthesis; productivity; provenance; rivers and streams; saturation; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003GL017056 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent advances in airborne survey technology yield performance approaching ground-based surveys AN - 50895886; 2003-045366 JF - Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) AU - Doll, W E AU - Gamey, T J AU - Beard, L P AU - Bell, D T AU - Holladay, J S Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 420 EP - 425 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 22 IS - 5 SN - 1070-485X, 1070-485X KW - United States KW - mineral exploration KW - Global Positioning System KW - technology KW - geophysical methods KW - magnetic methods KW - magnetic anomalies KW - unexploded ordnance KW - Badlands National Park KW - magnetometers KW - explosives KW - applications KW - military facilities KW - total field magnetometer systems KW - South Dakota KW - ORAGS boom-mounted magnetometer KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50895886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.atitle=Recent+advances+in+airborne+survey+technology+yield+performance+approaching+ground-based+surveys&rft.au=Doll%2C+W+E%3BGamey%2C+T+J%3BBeard%2C+L+P%3BBell%2C+D+T%3BHolladay%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Doll&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=420&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.issn=1070485X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; applications; Badlands National Park; explosives; geophysical methods; Global Positioning System; magnetic anomalies; magnetic methods; magnetometers; military facilities; mineral exploration; ORAGS boom-mounted magnetometer; South Dakota; technology; total field magnetometer systems; unexploded ordnance; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport of multiple tracers in variably saturated humid region structured soils and semi-arid region laminated sediments AN - 18912960; 5694228 AB - The processes governing physical nonequilibrium (PNE)--coupled preferential flow and matrix diffusion--are diverse between humid and semi-arid regions, and are directly related to climate and rock/sediment type, and indirectly related to subsequent soil profile development. The fate and transport of contaminants in these variably saturated undisturbed media is largely a function of the influence of PNE processes. Large cores of laminated silts and sands were collected from the US Department of Energy Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in semi-arid south central Washington. Additional cores of weathered, fractured interbedded limestone and shale saprolite were collected from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in humid eastern Tennessee. PNNL cores were collected parallel (FBP) and perpendicular (FXB) to bedding, and the ORNL core was 30 degree to bedding. Saturated and unsaturated transport experiments were performed using multiple nonreactive tracers that had different diffusion coefficients (Br super(-), PFBA, and PIPES), in order to identify the influence of PNE on the fate and transport of solutes. In the ORNL structured saprolite, solute transport was governed by coupled preferential flow and matrix diffusion, as evidenced by tracer separation and highly asymmetric breakthrough curves (BTC). BTCs became more symmetric as preferential flowpaths became inactive during drainage. Tracer separation persisted during unsaturated flow suggesting the continued importance of nonequilibrium mass transfer between flowpaths and the immobile water that was held in the soil matrix. No evidence of PNE was observed under near-saturated conditions in the semi-arid region (PNNL) laminated silts and sands. Unsaturated flow in cores with discontinuous layering resulted in preferential flow and the development of perched, immobile water as evidenced by early breakthrough and separation of tracers. Conversely, transport parallel to laterally continuous beds did not result in preferential flow, the development of perched water, or tracer separation regardless of water content. These observations suggested that desaturation had two effects: (1) grain size variations between individual beds resulted in different antecedent water contents, and (2) the exchange of water and solutes between individual sedimentary beds was subsequently inhibited. Under unsaturated conditions, these effects may promote either stable lateral flow, or unstable vertical finger flow coupled with the development of perched, immobile water. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Mayes, MA AU - Jardine, P M AU - Mehlhorn, T L AU - Bjornstad, B N AU - Ladd, J L AU - Zachara, J M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, zk5@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 141 EP - 161 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 275 IS - 3-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - USA, Tennessee KW - USA, Washington KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0845:Water in soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18912960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Transport+of+multiple+tracers+in+variably+saturated+humid+region+structured+soils+and+semi-arid+region+laminated+sediments&rft.au=Mayes%2C+MA%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BMehlhorn%2C+T+L%3BBjornstad%2C+B+N%3BLadd%2C+J+L%3BZachara%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Mayes&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=275&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0022-1694%2803%2900039-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00039-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of Bacterial U(VI) Reduction by Calcium AN - 18792536; 5652951 AB - The rapid kinetics of bacterial U(VI) reduction and low solubility of uraninite (UO sub(2,Cr)) make this process an attractive option for removing uranium from groundwater. Nevertheless, conditions that may promote or inhibit U(VI) reduction are not well-defined. Recent descriptions of Ca-UO sub(2)-CO sub(3) complexes indicate that these species may dominate the aqueous speciation of U(VI) in many environments. We monitored the bacterial reduction of U(VI)in bicarbonate-buffered solution in the presence and absence of Ca. XAFS measurements confirmed the presence of a Ca-U(VI)-CO sub(3) complex in the initial solutions containing calcium. Calcium, at millimolar concentrations (0.45-5 mM), caused a significant decrease in the rate and extent of bacterial U(VI) reduction. Both facultative (Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN32) and obligate (Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, Geobacter sulfurreducens) anaerobic bacteria were affected by the presence of calcium. Reduction of U(VI) ceased when the calculated system E sub(h) reached -0.046 plus or minus 0.001 V, based on the Ca sub(2)UO sub(2)(CO sub(3)) sub(3) arrow right UO sub(2,cr) couple. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that U is a less energetically favorable electron acceptor when the Ca-UO sub(2)-CO sub(3) complexes are present. The results do not support Ca inhibition caused by direct interactions with the cells or with the electron donor as the reduction of fumarate or Tc(VII)O sub(4) super(-) under identical conditions was unaffected by the presence of Ca. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Brooks, S C AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Carroll, S L AU - Kennedy, D W AU - Zachara, J M AU - Plymale, A E AU - Kelly, S D AU - Kemner, K M AU - Fendorf, S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, brookssc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/05/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 May 01 SP - 1850 EP - 1858 VL - 37 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Reduction KW - Calcium KW - Uranium KW - Kinetics KW - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - Solutions KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18792536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+Bacterial+U%28VI%29+Reduction+by+Calcium&rft.au=Brooks%2C+S+C%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BCarroll%2C+S+L%3BKennedy%2C+D+W%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BPlymale%2C+A+E%3BKelly%2C+S+D%3BKemner%2C+K+M%3BFendorf%2C+S&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1850&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes0210042 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reduction; Calcium; Kinetics; Uranium; Solutions; Desulfovibrio desulfuricans; Shewanella putrefaciens DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0210042 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The roles of natural organic matter in chemical and microbial reduction of ferric iron AN - 16152359; 5605857 AB - Although natural organic matter (NOM) is known to be redox reactive, the roles and effectiveness of specific functional groups of NOM in metal reduction are still a subject of intense investigation. This study entails the investigation of the Fe(III) reduction kinetics and capacity by three fractionated NOM subcomponents in the presence or absence of the dissimilatory metal reducing bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens CN32. Results indicate that NOM was able to reduce Fe(III) abiotically; the reduction was pH-dependent and varied greatly with different fractions of NOM. The polyphenolic-rich NOM-PP fraction exhibited the highest reactivity and oxidation capacity at a low pH (4, soil HA showed a relatively high oxidation capacity, probably resulting from its conformational and solubility changes with an increased solution pH. In the presence of S. putrefaciens CN32, all NOM fractions were found to enhance the microbial reduction of Fe(III) under anaerobic, circumneutral pH conditions. Soil HA was found to be particularly effective in mediating the bioreduction of Fe(III) as compared with the NOM-PP or NOM-CH fractions. NOM-CH was the least effective because it was depleted in both aromatic and polyphenolic organic contents. However, because both soil HA and NOM-PP contain relatively high amounts of aromatic and phenolic compounds, results may indicate that low-molecular-weight polyphenolic organics in NOM-PP were less effective in mediating the bioreduction of Fe(III) at circumneutral pH than the high-molecular-weight polycondensed, conjugated aromatics present in soil HA. These research findings may shed additional light in understanding of the roles and underlying mechanisms of NOM reactions with contaminant metals, radionuclides, and other toxic chemicals in the natural environment. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Chen, J AU - Gu, B AU - Royer, R A AU - Burgos, W D AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, b26@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 167 EP - 178 VL - 307 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - ferric iron KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Humic substances KW - Fe(III) reduction KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - NOM oxidation capacity KW - Biodegradation KW - Chemical degradation KW - Heavy metals KW - Anaerobic microorganisms KW - Soil KW - Reduction KW - phenolic compounds KW - pH effects KW - Metals KW - Solubility KW - Organic matter KW - Anaerobic conditions KW - Soils (acid) KW - Humic acids KW - Kinetics KW - Oxidation KW - Radioisotopes KW - Contaminants KW - Iron KW - Aromatics KW - A 01047:General KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16152359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=The+roles+of+natural+organic+matter+in+chemical+and+microbial+reduction+of+ferric+iron&rft.au=Chen%2C+J%3BGu%2C+B%3BRoyer%2C+R+A%3BBurgos%2C+W+D&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=307&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0048-9697%2802%2900538-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Solubility; Heavy metals; Organic matter; Anaerobic microorganisms; Anaerobic conditions; Soil; Reduction; Soils (acid); Humic acids; Kinetics; Oxidation; Radioisotopes; phenolic compounds; Contaminants; pH effects; Iron; Aromatics; Chemical degradation; Biodegradation; Shewanella putrefaciens DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00538-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Making Decisions about Hazardous Waste Remediation When Even Considering a Remediation Technology Is Controversial AN - 16169142; 5688703 AB - This paper investigates the circumstances under which proposed hazardous waste remediation technologies are socially acceptable, that is, considered seriously as options in a public arena. First, it summarizes a conceptual framework that guides investigation and interpretation of site-specific remediation decision-making. Second, it describes an initial application of that framework to the public participation venue of U.S. DOE Site-Specific Advisory Boards. Investigating the attributes of involved parties and of site context highlights technology acceptability as social decision-making that involves technical and technological issues rather than as a process driven by the technology itself. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Wolfe, A K AU - Bjornstad, D J AU - Kerchner, N D AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6205, USA, wolfeak@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/04/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Apr 15 SP - 1485 EP - 1492 VL - 37 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Sociology KW - Remediation KW - decision making KW - Hazardous wastes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16169142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Making+Decisions+about+Hazardous+Waste+Remediation+When+Even+Considering+a+Remediation+Technology+Is+Controversial&rft.au=Wolfe%2C+A+K%3BBjornstad%2C+D+J%3BKerchner%2C+N+D&rft.aulast=Wolfe&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-04-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1485&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes015659z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sociology; Remediation; decision making; Hazardous wastes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es015659z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon and hydrogen isotope fractionations associated with dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria AN - 51983705; 2003-040666 AB - Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN-32 and Shewanella algae strain BrY were grown in laboratory cultures at 30 degrees C to characterize carbon and hydrogen isotope fractionation patterns related to the growth of iron-reducing bacteria. Ferric citrate or hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) was provided as the electron acceptor and lactate or H (sub 2) (balanced with CO (sub 2) ) was used as the electron donor. Because these bacteria are not known to grow chemoautotrophically, yeast extract was provided as a carbon source when cultures were grown on H (sub 2) /CO (sub 2) . Siderite formed only when HFO was used as the electron acceptor, possibly because of chelation of ferrous iron with dissolved citrate when ferric citrate was used as the electron acceptor. Carbon isotope enrichment factors for the siderite-CO (sub 2) system (epsilon (sub sid-CO2) ) ranged from 13.3 per mil to 14.5 per mil when lactate was used as the carbon and energy source, which were consistent with theoretical calculations of equilibrium isotope fractionation (alpha (sub sid-CO2) ) for the siderite-CO (sub 2) system [Geochim. Int. 18 (1981) 85]. In experiments using H (sub 2) /CO (sub 2) as the energy source and yeast extract as the carbon source, carbon isotope enrichment factors were relatively low (0.5 per mil to 7.4 per mil). The potential exists that a kinetic effect related to siderite precipitation rate influenced isotope partitioning or a dynamic balance was established between carbon sinks (i.e. biomass and solid carbonate) of diverging carbon isotope composition. A more quantitative estimate of epsilon (sub sid-CO2) for biological systems that contain ambient dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) requires a deeper understanding of carbon flow dynamics in these compartmentalized closed systems.Finally, in experiments using H (sub 2) /CO (sub 2) as an energy source, the hydrogen isotope composition of head gas H (sub 2) and water were analyzed for D/H ratio. The results indicate that bacterial metabolism potentially facilitates isotope exchange between water and H (sub 2) . JF - Chemical Geology AU - Romanek, Christopher S AU - Zhang, Chuanlun L AU - Li, Yiliang AU - Horita, Juske AU - Vali, H AU - Cole, David R AU - Phelps, Tommy J A2 - Lyons, Timothy W. A2 - Zhang, Chuanlun L. A2 - Romanek, Christopher S. Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 5 EP - 16 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 195 IS - 1-4 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - iron-reducing bacteria KW - isotope fractionation KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - stable isotopes KW - Shewanella KW - iron KW - laboratory studies KW - carbon KW - reduction KW - deuterium KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Eh KW - citrate KW - experimental studies KW - isotope ratios KW - biochemistry KW - C-13/C-12 KW - TEM data KW - Shewanella algae KW - siderite KW - biogenic processes KW - D/H KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - bacteria KW - carbonates KW - microorganisms KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51983705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Carbon+and+hydrogen+isotope+fractionations+associated+with+dissimilatory+iron-reducing+bacteria&rft.au=Romanek%2C+Christopher+S%3BZhang%2C+Chuanlun+L%3BLi%2C+Yiliang%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BVali%2C+H%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J&rft.aulast=Romanek&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=195&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2802%2900385-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; biogenic processes; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbonates; citrate; D/H; deuterium; Eh; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydrogen; iron; iron-reducing bacteria; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; laboratory studies; metals; microorganisms; pH; reduction; Shewanella; Shewanella algae; Shewanella putrefaciens; siderite; stable isotopes; TEM data; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00385-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluorescent gibbsite from Yunnan Province, China AN - 51722310; 2005-032612 JF - Rocks and Minerals AU - Lawrence, William T AU - Lauf, Robert J AU - Barker, Dixie L Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 110 EP - 111 PB - Heldref Publications, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 2 SN - 0035-7529, 0035-7529 KW - collecting KW - Far East KW - sulfates KW - popular geology KW - botryoidal habit KW - fluorescence KW - gypsum KW - energy dispersive spectra KW - Yunnan China KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - gibbsite KW - Asia KW - SEM data KW - China KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51722310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rocks+and+Minerals&rft.atitle=Fluorescent+gibbsite+from+Yunnan+Province%2C+China&rft.au=Lawrence%2C+William+T%3BLauf%2C+Robert+J%3BBarker%2C+Dixie+L&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rocks+and+Minerals&rft.issn=00357529&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.rocksandminerals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ROCMAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; botryoidal habit; China; collecting; energy dispersive spectra; Far East; fluorescence; gibbsite; gypsum; oxides; popular geology; SEM data; spectra; sulfates; Yunnan China ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emerging Use of Gene Expression Microarrays in Plant Physiology AN - 19602311; 8517805 AB - Microarrays have become an important technology for the global analysis of gene expression in humans, animals, plants, and microbes. Implemented in the context of a well-designed experiment, cDNA and oligonucleotide arrays can provide highthroughput, simultaneous analysis of transcript abundance for hundreds, if not thousands, of genes. However, despite widespread acceptance, the use of microarrays as a tool to better understand processes of interest to the plant physiologist is still being explored. To help illustrate current uses of microarrays in the plant sciences, several case studies that we believe demonstrate the emerging application of gene expression arrays in plant physiology were selected from among the many posters and presentations at the 2003 Plant and Animal Genome XI Conference. Based on this survey, microarrays are being used to assess gene expression in plants exposed to the experimental manipulation of air temperature, soil water content and aluminium concentration in the root zone. Analysis often includes characterizing transcript profiles for multiple post-treatment sampling periods and categorizing genes with common patterns of response using hierarchical clustering techniques. In addition, microarrays are also providing insights into developmental changes in gene expression associated with fibre and root elongation in cotton and maize, respectively. Technical and analytical limitations of microarrays are discussed and projects attempting to advance areas of microarray design and data analysis are highlighted. Finally, although much work remains, we conclude that microarrays are a valuable tool for the plant physiologist interested in the characterization and identification of individual genes and gene families with potential application in the fields of agriculture, horticulture and forestry. JF - Comparative and Functional Genomics AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Difazio, Stephen P Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 216 EP - 224 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Baffins Lane VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1531-6912, 1531-6912 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Data processing KW - Cotton KW - Conferences KW - Abundance KW - Developmental stages KW - Transcription KW - Roots KW - Horticulture KW - Water content KW - Gene families KW - DNA microarrays KW - Air temperature KW - Soil KW - Gene expression KW - Elongation KW - Zea mays KW - Aluminum KW - Sampling KW - Forestry KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19602311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.atitle=Emerging+Use+of+Gene+Expression+Microarrays+in+Plant+Physiology&rft.au=Wullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BDifazio%2C+Stephen+P&rft.aulast=Wullschleger&rft.aufirst=Stan&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=216&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.issn=15316912&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcfg.277 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Cotton; Data processing; Conferences; Abundance; Roots; Transcription; Developmental stages; Horticulture; Gene families; Water content; DNA microarrays; Air temperature; Gene expression; Soil; Elongation; Aluminum; Sampling; Forestry; Zea mays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cfg.277 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CUBIC: Identification of regulatory binding sites through data clustering AN - 18769406; 5646426 AB - Transcription factor binding sites are short fragments in the upstream regions of genes, to which transcription factors bind to regulate the transcription of genes into mRNA. Computational identification of transcription factor binding sites remains an unsolved challenging problem though a great amount of effort has been put into the study of this problem. We have recently developed a novel technique for identification of binding sites from a set of upstream regions of genes, that could possibly be transcriptionally co-regulated and hence might share similar transcription factor binding sites. By utilizing two key features of such binding sites (i.e. their high sequence similarities and their relatively high frequencies compared to other sequence fragments), we have formulated this problem as a cluster identification problem. That is to identify and extract data clusters from a noisy background. While the classical data clustering problem (partitioning a data set into clusters sharing common or similar features) has been extensively studied, there is no general algorithm for solving the problem of identifying data clusters from a noisy background. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm for solving such a problem. We have proved that a cluster identification problem, under our definition, can be rigorously and efficiently solved through searching for substrings with special properties in a linear sequence. We have also developed a method for assessing the statistical significance of each identified cluster, which can be used to rule out accidental data clusters. We have implemented the cluster identification algorithm and the statistical significance analysis method as a computer software CUBIC. Extensive testing on CUBIC has been carried out. We present here a few applications of CUBIC on challenging cases of binding site identification. JF - Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology AU - Olman, V AU - Xu, Dong AU - Xu, Ying AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6480, USA, xyn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 21 EP - 40 VL - 1 IS - 1 SN - 0219-7200, 0219-7200 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18769406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bioinformatics+and+Computational+Biology&rft.atitle=CUBIC%3A+Identification+of+regulatory+binding+sites+through+data+clustering&rft.au=Olman%2C+V%3BXu%2C+Dong%3BXu%2C+Ying&rft.aulast=Olman&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bioinformatics+and+Computational+Biology&rft.issn=02197200&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transcriptome dynamics of Deinococcus radiodurans recovering from ionizing radiation AN - 18708275; 5597999 AB - Deinococcus radiodurans R1 (DEIRA) is a bacterium best known for its extreme resistance to the lethal effects of ionizing radiation, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenotype remain poorly understood. To define the repertoire of DEIRA genes responding to acute irradiation (15 kGy), transcriptome dynamics were examined in cells representing early, middle, and late phases of recovery by using DNA microarrays covering [approx]94% of its predicted genes. At least at one time point during DEIRA recovery, 832 genes (28% of the genome) were induced and 451 genes (15%) were repressed 2-fold or more. The expression patterns of the majority of the induced genes resemble the previously characterized expression profile of recA after irradiation. DEIRA recA, which is central to genomic restoration after irradiation, is substantially up-regulated on DNA damage (early phase) and down-regulated before the onset of exponential growth (late phase). Many other genes were expressed later in recovery, displaying a growth-related pattern of induction. Genes induced in the early phase of recovery included those involved in DNA replication, repair, and recombination, cell wall metabolism, cellular transport, and many encoding uncharacterized proteins. Collectively, the microarray data suggest that DEIRA cells efficiently coordinate their recovery by a complex network, within which both DNA repair and metabolic functions play critical roles. Components of this network include a predicted distinct ATP-dependent DNA ligase and metabolic pathway switching that could prevent additional genomic damage elicited by metabolism-induced free radicals. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Liu, Y AU - Zhou, J AU - Omelchenko, M V AU - Beliaev, A S AU - Venkateswaran, A AU - Stair, J AU - Wu, L AU - Thompson, D K AU - Xu, D AU - Rogozin, IB AU - Gaidamakova, E K AU - Zhai, M AU - Makarova, K S AU - Koonin, E V AU - Daly, MJ AD - Environmental Sciences and Life Sciences Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/04/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Apr 01 SP - 4191 EP - 4196 VL - 100 IS - 7 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - DNA microarrays KW - recA gene KW - transcriptomes KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - J 02726:RNA and ribosomes KW - N 14555:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18708275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Transcriptome+dynamics+of+Deinococcus+radiodurans+recovering+from+ionizing+radiation&rft.au=Liu%2C+Y%3BZhou%2C+J%3BOmelchenko%2C+M+V%3BBeliaev%2C+A+S%3BVenkateswaran%2C+A%3BStair%2C+J%3BWu%2C+L%3BThompson%2C+D+K%3BXu%2C+D%3BRogozin%2C+IB%3BGaidamakova%2C+E+K%3BZhai%2C+M%3BMakarova%2C+K+S%3BKoonin%2C+E+V%3BDaly%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.0630387100 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0630387100 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing soil organic carbon in agriculture: the net effect on greenhouse gas emissions AN - 17118363; 6592832 AB - abstract: A change in agricultural practice can increase carbon sequestration in agricultural soils. To know the net effect on greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere, however, we consider associated changes in CO sub(2) emissions resulting from the consumption of fossil fuels, emissions of other greenhouse gases and effects on land productivity and crop yield. We also consider how these factors will evolve over time. A change from conventional tillage to no-till agriculture, based on data for average practice in the U.S., will result in net carbon sequestration in the soil that averages 337 kg C ha super(-1) yr super(-1) for the initial 20 yr with a decline to near zero in the following 20 yr, and continuing savings in CO sub(2) emissions because of reduced use of fossil fuels. The long-term results, considering all factors, can generally be expected to show decreased net greenhouse gas emissions. The quantitative details, however, depend on the site-specific impact of the conversion from conventional to no-till agriculture on agricultural yield and N sub(2)O emissions from nitrogen fertilizer. JF - Tellus. Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology AU - Marland, Gregg AU - West, Tristram O AU - Schlamadinger, Bernhard AU - Canella, Lorenza AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, marlandgh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 613 EP - 621 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 55 IS - 2 SN - 0280-6509, 0280-6509 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Fossil fuels KW - Organic carbon KW - Crop yield KW - Emission control KW - Atmosphere KW - Crops KW - Carbon sequestration KW - USA KW - Fertilizers KW - Nitrogen fertilization effects KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Organic carbon in soil KW - Nitrogen KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17118363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tellus.+Series+B%3A+Chemical+and+Physical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Managing+soil+organic+carbon+in+agriculture%3A+the+net+effect+on+greenhouse+gas+emissions&rft.au=Marland%2C+Gregg%3BWest%2C+Tristram+O%3BSchlamadinger%2C+Bernhard%3BCanella%2C+Lorenza&rft.aulast=Marland&rft.aufirst=Gregg&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=613&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tellus.+Series+B%3A+Chemical+and+Physical+Meteorology&rft.issn=02806509&rft_id=info:doi/10.1034%2Fj.1600-0889.2003.00054.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 6; formulas, 8; references, 32. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Nitrogen fertilization effects; Crop yield; Organic carbon in soil; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide; Carbon sequestration; Fertilizers; Fossil fuels; Organic carbon; Emission control; Atmosphere; Crops; Nitrogen; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0889.2003.00054.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining thresholds for mandatory reporting of greenhouse gas emissions. AN - 73184717; 12680654 AB - A number of countries are considering implementation of reporting requirements for greenhouse gases. Some reporting systems have been proposed that would require each entity or facility exceeding an annual emissions threshold to report their emissions to a governmental agency. The analysis presented here provides a first approximation of the number of facilities in selected U.S. economic sectors that would report under several different reporting thresholds. Results indicate that thresholds below 10,000 Mg of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2E) per year may bring in relatively large numbers of facilities while minimally increasing the percentage of reported emissions. None of the reporting thresholds considered in this analysis would account for the majority of greenhouse gas emissions from the U.S. agricultural, transportation, or residential and commercial building sectors. If these sectors, in which large numbers of farms, vehicles, and buildings each emit relatively small amounts of greenhouse gases, are to be included in a reporting framework, additional or alternative approaches to reporting should be considered. Alternative approaches may include creating separate thresholds for individual greenhouse gases instead of using an aggregated CO2E unit, creating separate reporting thresholds for individual sectors, or combining sources of small emissions into a single reporting entity. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - West, Tristram O AU - Peña, Naomi AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6335, USA. westto@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/03/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Mar 15 SP - 1057 EP - 1060 VL - 37 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Nitrous Oxide KW - K50XQU1029 KW - Methane KW - OP0UW79H66 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Reference Values KW - Observer Variation KW - Environment KW - Carbon Dioxide -- analysis KW - Methane -- analysis KW - Greenhouse Effect KW - Guideline Adherence KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Nitrous Oxide -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73184717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Determining+thresholds+for+mandatory+reporting+of+greenhouse+gas+emissions.&rft.au=West%2C+Tristram+O%3BPe%C3%B1a%2C+Naomi&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Tristram&rft.date=2003-03-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1057&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-06-18 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feedstock production, genetic modification, and processing AN - 860389863; 13858995 JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Shoemaker, Sharon P AU - Wright, Lynn L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - Mar 2003 SP - 3 EP - 4 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 105 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860389863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Feedstock+production%2C+genetic+modification%2C+and+processing&rft.au=Shoemaker%2C+Sharon+P%3BWright%2C+Lynn+L&rft.aulast=Shoemaker&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A105%3A1-3%3A3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:105:1-3:3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical reactions governing the fate of Co-NTA in contact with natural subsurface materials AN - 52006561; 2003-025123 AB - Subsurface codisposal of toxic metals and radionuclides with organic chelating agents has created vast areas of contaminated soils and groundwater. The fate of the metal/radionuclide and ligand are inexorably linked in their interaction with soil minerals and aquifer solids. The present study was conducted to investigate the geochemical reactions (sorption, dissolution, dissociation, oxidation) that govern the fate of Co (super II) NTA complexes in contact with natural subsurface materials that are typical of materials underlying some waste disposal areas. Equilibrium measurements indicated that at low pH (4) and in the presence of abundant surface exchangeable Al, the adsorption of Co and NTA was independent of the presence of the other component. By contrast, at higher pH (6 and 7.4) the sorption of both Co and NTA decreased in the presence of the other moiety. Solution phase analyses indicated that the decrease in sorption was driven by the formation of stable aqueous complexes of Co(II) and Co(III) with NTA. The time-dependent loss of Co (super II) NTA from solution was accounted for by sorption, complex dissociation, and the oxidation of Co(II) to Co(III). Biodegradation of NTA was not an important process over the 21-day incubation period. Formation of Co(III) complexes has broad implications in these systems as these species are kinetically and thermodynamically stable, exhibit lower adsorption onto solids, and are resistant to biodegradation. Thus, with the exception of relatively extreme conditions (low pH, abundant readily available Al), NTA decreased Co partitioning to surfaces through the formation of stable aqueous complexes. This behavior may contribute to the undesirable transport of (super 60) Co through the subsurface. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Carroll, Sue L Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 423 EP - 433 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - sorption KW - dissociation KW - complexes KW - cobalt KW - NTA KW - isotopes KW - solution KW - manganese KW - iron KW - ground water KW - partitioning KW - ligands KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - total organic carbon KW - aluminum KW - thermodynamic properties KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - toxic materials KW - Co-60 KW - cation exchange capacity KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - solid phase KW - organic compounds KW - isotherms KW - metals KW - chelation KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52006561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Geochemical+reactions+governing+the+fate+of+Co-NTA+in+contact+with+natural+subsurface+materials&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Scott+C%3BCarroll%2C+Sue+L&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0883-2927%2802%2900074-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; biodegradation; cation exchange capacity; chelation; chemical reactions; Co-60; cobalt; complexes; dissociation; ground water; iron; isotherms; isotopes; kinetics; ligands; manganese; metals; NTA; organic compounds; oxidation; partitioning; pH; pollution; radioactive isotopes; soils; solid phase; solution; sorption; thermodynamic properties; total organic carbon; toxic materials; transport; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00074-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Additivity of state inventories of greenhouse-gas emissions. AN - 72954638; 12520383 AB - In addition to national inventories of emissions of greenhouse gases, there are inventories for most, but not all, states constituting the United States. This paper analyzes the state inventories to see if reported emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide are additive. Considerable reanalysis of the state inventories is required before they can be added to yield a larger-scale inventory. Some specific sources were considered by some states but not by others. Estimation techniques evolved over time as inventories were produced, and there are instances of both double-counting (two states reporting the same emission) and omission (neither state reporting the same emission), where interstate transfers of energy or materials occurred. Nevertheless, the inventories, when adjusted for obvious double-counting or omissions, are probably approximately additive, although it is difficult to quantify the extent to which this is true. JF - Environmental management AU - Cushman, Robert M AD - Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-6335, USA. cushmanrm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 292 EP - 300 VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Nitrous Oxide KW - K50XQU1029 KW - Methane KW - OP0UW79H66 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Reference Values KW - Energy-Generating Resources KW - Air Movements KW - Carbon Dioxide -- analysis KW - Methane -- analysis KW - Greenhouse Effect KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- statistics & numerical data KW - Nitrous Oxide -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72954638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+management&rft.atitle=Additivity+of+state+inventories+of+greenhouse-gas+emissions.&rft.au=Cushman%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Cushman&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-29 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of soil geochemical and physical properties on the sorption and bioaccessibility of chromium(III) AN - 51980460; 2003-044436 JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Stewart, M A AU - Jardine, P M AU - Barnett, M O AU - Mehlhorn, T C AU - Hyder, L K AU - McKay, L D Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 129 EP - 137 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - sorption KW - pollutants KW - behavior KW - Ultisols KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - Spodosols KW - Aridisols KW - remediation KW - bioaccumulation KW - Alfisols KW - physical properties KW - Inceptisols KW - critical load KW - metals KW - carbon KW - Entisols KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - Mollisols KW - chromium KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51980460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Influence+of+soil+geochemical+and+physical+properties+on+the+sorption+and+bioaccessibility+of+chromium%28III%29&rft.au=Stewart%2C+M+A%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BBarnett%2C+M+O%3BMehlhorn%2C+T+C%3BHyder%2C+L+K%3BMcKay%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alfisols; Aridisols; behavior; bioaccumulation; carbon; chemical composition; chromium; concentration; critical load; Entisols; geochemistry; Inceptisols; metals; Mollisols; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil treatment; soils; sorption; Spodosols; Ultisols ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neutron powder diffraction studies as a function of temperature of structure II hydrate formed from propane AN - 51888460; 2004-015930 JF - Canadian Journal of Physics = Journal Canadien de Physique AU - Rawn, C J AU - Rondinone, A J AU - Chakoumakos, B C AU - Circone, Susan AU - Stern, Laura A AU - Kirby, Stephen H AU - Ishii, Yoshinobu Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 431 EP - 438 PB - National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON VL - 81 IS - 1-2 SN - 0008-4204, 0008-4204 KW - hydrates KW - ice crystal structure KW - experimental studies KW - methane KW - ice crystal chemistry KW - gas hydrates KW - propane KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - alkanes KW - powder method KW - clathrates KW - temperature KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - ice KW - neutron diffraction data KW - hydrocarbons KW - lattice parameters KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51888460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Physics+%3D+Journal+Canadien+de+Physique&rft.atitle=Neutron+powder+diffraction+studies+as+a+function+of+temperature+of+structure+II+hydrate+formed+from+propane&rft.au=Rawn%2C+C+J%3BRondinone%2C+A+J%3BChakoumakos%2C+B+C%3BCircone%2C+Susan%3BStern%2C+Laura+A%3BKirby%2C+Stephen+H%3BIshii%2C+Yoshinobu&rft.aulast=Rawn&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Physics+%3D+Journal+Canadien+de+Physique&rft.issn=00084204&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FP03-022 L2 - http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/journal/cjp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 10th international conference on the Physics and chemistry of ice--10 (super e) conference internationale sur la Physique et la chimie de la glace N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - CJPHAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; clathrates; experimental studies; gas hydrates; hydrates; hydrocarbons; ice; ice crystal chemistry; ice crystal structure; laboratory studies; lattice parameters; methane; neutron diffraction data; organic compounds; powder method; propane; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/P03-022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A sapphire cell for high-pressure, low-temperature neutron-scattering experiments on gas hydrates AN - 51888193; 2004-015923 JF - Canadian Journal of Physics = Journal Canadien de Physique AU - Rondinone, A J AU - Jones, C Y AU - Marshall, S L AU - Chakoumakos, B C AU - Rawn, C J AU - Lara-Curzio, E Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 381 EP - 385 PB - National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON VL - 81 IS - 1-2 SN - 0008-4204, 0008-4204 KW - pressure KW - gas hydrates KW - high pressure KW - temperature KW - models KW - single-crystal method KW - low temperature KW - sapphire KW - oxides KW - anvil cells KW - hydrostatic pressure KW - design KW - P-T conditions KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51888193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Physics+%3D+Journal+Canadien+de+Physique&rft.atitle=A+sapphire+cell+for+high-pressure%2C+low-temperature+neutron-scattering+experiments+on+gas+hydrates&rft.au=Rondinone%2C+A+J%3BJones%2C+C+Y%3BMarshall%2C+S+L%3BChakoumakos%2C+B+C%3BRawn%2C+C+J%3BLara-Curzio%2C+E&rft.aulast=Rondinone&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Physics+%3D+Journal+Canadien+de+Physique&rft.issn=00084204&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FP03-027 L2 - http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/journal/cjp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 10th international conference on the Physics and chemistry of ice--10 (super e) conference internationale sur la Physique et la chimie de la glace N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - CJPHAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anvil cells; design; gas hydrates; high pressure; hydrostatic pressure; low temperature; models; oxides; P-T conditions; pressure; sapphire; single-crystal method; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/P03-027 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature dependence of polyhedral cage volumes in clathrate hydrates AN - 51888185; 2004-015900 JF - Canadian Journal of Physics = Journal Canadien de Physique AU - Chakoumakos, B C AU - Rawn, C J AU - Rondinone, A J AU - Stern, Laura A AU - Circone, Susan AU - Kirby, Stephen H AU - Ishii, Yoshinobu AU - Jones, C Y AU - Toby, B H Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 183 EP - 189 PB - National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON VL - 81 IS - 1-2 SN - 0008-4204, 0008-4204 KW - hydrates KW - ice crystal structure KW - neutron powder-diffraction data KW - methane KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - crystal structure KW - alkanes KW - powder method KW - clathrates KW - temperature KW - organic compounds KW - ice KW - hydrocarbons KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51888185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Physics+%3D+Journal+Canadien+de+Physique&rft.atitle=Temperature+dependence+of+polyhedral+cage+volumes+in+clathrate+hydrates&rft.au=Chakoumakos%2C+B+C%3BRawn%2C+C+J%3BRondinone%2C+A+J%3BStern%2C+Laura+A%3BCircone%2C+Susan%3BKirby%2C+Stephen+H%3BIshii%2C+Yoshinobu%3BJones%2C+C+Y%3BToby%2C+B+H&rft.aulast=Chakoumakos&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Physics+%3D+Journal+Canadien+de+Physique&rft.issn=00084204&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FP02-141 L2 - http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/journal/cjp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 10th international conference on the Physics and chemistry of ice--10 (super e) conference internationale sur la Physique et la chimie de la glace N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - CJPHAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; clathrates; crystal structure; hydrates; hydrocarbons; ice; ice crystal structure; methane; neutron powder-diffraction data; organic compounds; powder method; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/P02-141 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A re-examination of the rare-earth-element orthophosphate standards in use for electron-microprobe analysis AN - 51877282; 2004-022858 AB - A re-examination of 14 standards consisting of orthophosphates of the REE, Sc and Y (grown at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in the 1980s and widely distributed) reveals that some of the material is significantly contaminated by Pb, derived from a flux used to dissolve the oxide starting materials at approximately 1360 degrees C prior to crystal synthesis. The monoclinic orthophosphates (monazite structure) show a higher degree of Pb contamination than the tetragonal orthophosphates (xenotime structure). JF - The Canadian Mineralogist AU - Donovan, John J AU - Hanchar, John M AU - Picolli, Phillip M AU - Schrier, Marc D AU - Boatner, Lynn A AU - Jarosewich, Eugene Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 221 EP - 232 PB - Mineralogical Association of Canada, Ottawa, ON VL - 41, Part 1 SN - 0008-4476, 0008-4476 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - experimental studies KW - chemical analysis KW - crystal systems KW - techniques KW - phosphates KW - samples KW - electron probe data KW - electron probe KW - metals KW - standard materials KW - Tennessee KW - scandium KW - monoclinic system KW - rare earths KW - spectroscopy KW - geochemistry KW - accuracy KW - yttrium KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51877282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=A+re-examination+of+the+rare-earth-element+orthophosphate+standards+in+use+for+electron-microprobe+analysis&rft.au=Donovan%2C+John+J%3BHanchar%2C+John+M%3BPicolli%2C+Phillip+M%3BSchrier%2C+Marc+D%3BBoatner%2C+Lynn+A%3BJarosewich%2C+Eugene&rft.aulast=Donovan&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=41%2C+Part+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.issn=00084476&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mineralogicalassociation.ca/template/EJournal/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAMIA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; chemical analysis; crystal systems; electron probe; electron probe data; experimental studies; geochemistry; metals; monoclinic system; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; phosphates; rare earths; samples; scandium; spectroscopy; standard materials; techniques; Tennessee; United States; yttrium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving the performance of DomainParser for structural domain partition using neural network AN - 18687288; 5572557 AB - Structural domains are considered as the basic units of protein folding, evolution, function and design. Automatic decomposition of protein structures into structural domains, though after many years of investigation, remains a challenging and unsolved problem. Manual inspection still plays a key role in domain decomposition of a protein structure. We have previously developed a computer program, DomainParser, using network flow algorithms. The algorithm partitions a protein structure into domains accurately when the number of domains to be partitioned is known. However the performance drops when this number is unclear (the overall performance is 74.5% over a set of 1317 protein chains). Through utilization of various types of structural information including hydrophobic moment profile, we have developed an effective method for assessing the most probable number of domains a structure may have. The core of this method is a neural network, which is trained to discriminate correctly partitioned domains from incorrectly partitioned domains. When compared with the manual decomposition results given in the SCOP database, our new algorithm achieves higher decomposition accuracy (81.9%) on the same data set. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Guo, J-T AU - Xu, D AU - Kim, D AU - Xu, Y AD - Protein Informatics Group, Life Sciences Division, xyn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 944 EP - 952 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - DomainParser KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - N 14400:General KW - W4 340:Neurocomputing & Neural Networks KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18687288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=Improving+the+performance+of+DomainParser+for+structural+domain+partition+using+neural+network&rft.au=Guo%2C+J-T%3BXu%2C+D%3BKim%2C+D%3BXu%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=J-T&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=944&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of an abnormal beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test AN - 18674737; 5572454 AB - The potential hazards from exposure to beryllium or beryllium compounds in the workplace were first reported in the 1930s. The tritiated thymidine beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT) is an in vitro blood test that is widely used to screen beryllium exposed workers in the nuclear industry for sensitivity to beryllium. The clinical significance of the BeLPT was described and a standard protocol was developed in the late 1980s. Cell proliferation is measured by the incorporation of tritiated thymidine into dividing cells on two culture dates and using three concentrations of beryllium sulfate. Results are expressed as a 'stimulation index' (SI) which is the ratio of the amount of tritiated thymidine (measured by beta counts) in the simulated cells divided by the counts for the unstimulated cells on the same culture day. Several statistical methods for use in the routine analysis of the BeLPT were proposed in the early 1990s. The least absolute values (LAV) method was recommended for routine analysis of the BeLPT. This report further evaluates the LAV method using new data, and proposes a new method for identification of an abnormal or borderline test. This new statistical-biological positive (SBP) method reflects the clinical judgment that: (i) at least two SIs show a 'positive' response to beryllium; and (ii) that the maximum of the six SIs must exceed a cut-point that is determined from a reference data set of normal individuals whose blood has been tested by the same method in the same serum. The new data is from the Y-12 National Security Complex in Oak Ridge (Y-12) and consists of 1080 workers and 33 non-exposed control BeLPTs (all tested in the same serum). Graphical results are presented to explain the statistical method, and the new SBP method is applied to the Y-12 group. The true positive rate and specificity of the new method were estimated to be 86% and 97%, respectively. An electronic notebook that is accessible via the Internet was used in this work and contains background information and details not included in the paper. JF - Toxicology AU - Frome, EL AU - Newman, L S AU - Cragle, D L AU - Colyer, S P AU - Wambach, P F AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA, fromeel@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/02/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 01 SP - 39 EP - 56 VL - 183 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18674737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+an+abnormal+beryllium+lymphocyte+proliferation+test&rft.au=Frome%2C+EL%3BNewman%2C+L+S%3BCragle%2C+D+L%3BColyer%2C+S+P%3BWambach%2C+P+F&rft.aulast=Frome&rft.aufirst=EL&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0300-483X%2802%2900439-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(02)00439-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluorescence spectroscopic studies of natural organic matter fractions AN - 18044031; 5701879 AB - Because of the well-known molecular complexity and heterogeneity of natural organic matter (NOM), an aquatic bulk NOM was fractionated into well-defined polyphenolic-rich and carbohydrate-rich subfractions. These fractions were systematically characterized by fluorescence emission, three dimensional excitation-emission matrices, and synchronous-scan excitation spectroscopy in comparison with those of the reference International Humic Substances Society soil humic acid and Suwannee River fulvic acid. Results indicate that fluorescence spectroscopy can be useful to qualitatively differentiate not only NOM compounds from varying origins but also NOM subcomponents with varying compositions and functional properties. The polyphenolic-rich NOM-PP fraction exhibited a much more intense fluorescence and a red shift of peak position in comparison with the carbohydrate-rich NOM-CH fraction. Results also indicate that synchronous excitation spectra were able to provide improved peak resolution and structural signatures such as peak positioning, shift, and intensity among various NOM components as compared with those of the emission and excitation spectra. In particular, the synchronous spectral peak intensity and its red shift in the region of about 450-480 nm may be used to indicate the presence or absence of high molecular weight and polycondensed humic organic components, or the multicomponent nature of NOM or NOM subcomponents. JF - Chemosphere AU - Chen, Jie AU - LeBoeuf, E J AU - Dai, Sheng AU - Gu, Baohua AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, b26@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 639 EP - 647 VL - 50 IS - 5 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Fluorescence KW - Water Analysis KW - Spectral Analysis KW - Organic matter KW - Geochemistry KW - Fluorescence spectroscopy KW - Humic Acids KW - Spectroscopy KW - Fulvic acids KW - Water analysis KW - Humic matter KW - Organic Matter KW - Analytical Methods KW - Humic acids KW - Fulvic Acids KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09185:Organic compounds KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18044031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Fluorescence+spectroscopic+studies+of+natural+organic+matter+fractions&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jie%3BLeBoeuf%2C+E+J%3BDai%2C+Sheng%3BGu%2C+Baohua&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jie&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fluorescence; Humic acids; Organic matter; Fluorescence spectroscopy; Fulvic acids; Water analysis; Organic Matter; Spectral Analysis; Geochemistry; Spectroscopy; Humic matter; Water Analysis; Analytical Methods; Humic Acids; Fulvic Acids ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Miniature Biochip System for Detection of Aerosolized Bacillus globigii Spores AN - 19229100; 5812455 AB - The feasibility of using a novel detection scheme for the analysis of biological warfare agents is demonstrated using Bacillus globigii spores, a surrogate species for Bacillus anthracis. In this paper, a sensitive and selective enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a novel fluorogenic alkaline phosphatase substrate (dimethylacridinone phosphate) is combined with a compact biochip detection system, which includes a miniature diode laser for excitation. Detection of aerosolized spores was achieved by coupling the miniature system to a portable bioaerosol sampler, and the performance of the antibody-based recognition and enzyme amplification method was evaluated. The bioassay performance was found to be compatible with the air sampling device, and the enzymatic amplification was found to be an attractive amplification method for detection of low spore concentrations. The combined portable bioaerosol sampler and miniature biochip system detected 100 B. globigii spores, corresponding to 17 aerosolized spores/L of air. Moreover, the incorporation of the miniature diode laser with the self-contained biochip design allows for a compact system that is readily adaptable to field use. In addition, these studies have included investigations into the tradeoff between assay time and sensitivity. JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington) AU - Stratis-Cullum, D N AU - Griffin, G D AU - Mobley, J AU - Vass, A A AU - Vo-Dinh, T AD - Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, MS-6101 P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6101, USA Y1 - 2003/01/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jan 15 SP - 275 EP - 280 VL - 75 IS - 2 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - biological warfare agents KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bacillus globigii KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Aerosols KW - Alkaline phosphatase KW - Spores KW - W4 240:Bioterrorism & Biological Warfare KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19229100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=A+Miniature+Biochip+System+for+Detection+of+Aerosolized+Bacillus+globigii+Spores&rft.au=Stratis-Cullum%2C+D+N%3BGriffin%2C+G+D%3BMobley%2C+J%3BVass%2C+A+A%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T&rft.aulast=Stratis-Cullum&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-15&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fac026068%2B LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacillus globigii; Aerosols; Spores; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Alkaline phosphatase DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac026068+ ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamics of grain boundary segregation in mantle rocks AN - 884415484; 2011-067216 JF - Nihon Koubutsu Gakkai Nenkai kouen youshishuu = Mineralogical Society of Japan, Annual Meeting Abstracts AU - Hiraga, Takehiko AU - Anderson, Ian M AU - Kohlstedt, David L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Nihon koubutsu gakkai, Tokyo VL - 2003 SN - 1348-6543, 1348-6543 KW - calcium KW - partitioning KW - alkaline earth metals KW - incompatible elements KW - numerical analysis KW - metals KW - mantle KW - thermodynamic properties KW - chemical fractionation KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/884415484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nihon+Koubutsu+Gakkai+Nenkai+kouen+youshishuu+%3D+Mineralogical+Society+of+Japan%2C+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Thermodynamics+of+grain+boundary+segregation+in+mantle+rocks&rft.au=Hiraga%2C+Takehiko%3BAnderson%2C+Ian+M%3BKohlstedt%2C+David+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hiraga&rft.aufirst=Takehiko&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2003&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nihon+Koubutsu+Gakkai+Nenkai+kouen+youshishuu+%3D+Mineralogical+Society+of+Japan%2C+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.issn=13486543&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://wwwsoc.nii.ac.jp/msj3/index-e.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Meeting of the Mineralogical Society of Japan, 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; calcium; chemical fractionation; incompatible elements; mantle; metals; numerical analysis; partitioning; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of organic matter and nutrient composition of partially decomposed and composted spent pig litter. AN - 73121941; 12641257 AB - Characterization of soil-applied organic material is necessary in order to clarify the nature of the organic matterand nutrients in it. In this study, the organic matter and nutrient contents of the spent pig litter (a mixture of partially decomposed pig manure and sawdust) was characterized before and after windrow composting to: (1) determine their changes during composting, and (2) assess the suitability of the composted spent litter as a soil amendment. Results demonstrated that the time required to reach maturity, and the composition of composted spent litter, depended on the chemical properties of the initial compost feedstock as well as the compost strategies used during composting. Total N, P, and K concentrations of the composted litter depended on chemical properties of the initial material. On the other hand, C:N ratio, humic and fulvic acid and cation-exchange capacity were influenced by differences in composition of the initial spent litter and composting strategy. If moisture content was maintained weekly at 60% with a four-day turning frequency, the litter reached maturity in 56 days. Maturation of spent litter was accompanied by a decline in total C, water-extractable metals, NH(4)(+)-N, increase in ash, (NO(3)(-)+NO(2)(-)-N, humic acid, humic acid:fulvic acid ratio, and cation exchange capacity, and elimination of phytotoxicity. The stability of nutrient and organic matter, acceptable pH and electrical conductivity values, and low levels of undesirable components such as heavy metals and phytotoxic compounds of the spent litter provided substantial evidence that agronomically suitable compost can be obtained after composting in windrows. JF - Environmental technology AU - Tiquia, S M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 97 EP - 107 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0959-3330, 0959-3330 KW - Humic Substances KW - 0 KW - Manure KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Phosphorus KW - 27YLU75U4W KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Index Medicus KW - Swine KW - Animals KW - Ion Exchange KW - Nitrogen -- analysis KW - Wood KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis KW - Phosphorus -- analysis KW - Refuse Disposal -- methods KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73121941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+technology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+organic+matter+and+nutrient+composition+of+partially+decomposed+and+composted+spent+pig+litter.&rft.au=Tiquia%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Tiquia&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+technology&rft.issn=09593330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-20 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular diversity and characterization of nitrite reductase gene fragments (nirK and nirS) from nitrate- and uranium-contaminated groundwater. AN - 72980024; 12542709 AB - Nitrate-contaminated groundwater samples were analysed for nirK and nirS gene diversity. The samples differed with respect to nitrate, uranium, heavy metals, organic carbon content, pH and dissolved oxygen levels. A total of 958 nirK and 1162 nirS clones were screened by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis: 48 and 143 distinct nirK and nirS clones, respectively, were obtained. A single dominant nirK restriction pattern was observed for all six samples and was 83% identical to the Hyphomicrobium zavarzinii nirK gene. A dominant nirS pattern was observed for four of the samples, including the background sample, and was 95% identical to the nirS of Alcaligenes faecalis. Diversity indices for nirK and nirS sequences were not related to any single geochemical characteristic, but results suggested that the diversity of nirK genes was inversely proportional to the diversity of nirS. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the sites based on geochemistry grouped the samples by low, moderate and high nitrate but PCA of the unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) distributions grouped the samples differently. Many of the sequences were not closely related to previously observed genes and some phylogenetically related sequences were obtained from similar samples. The results indicated that the contaminated groundwater contained novel nirK and nirS sequences, functional diversity of both genes changed in relation to the contaminant gradient, but the nirK and nirS functional diversity was affected differently. JF - Environmental microbiology AU - Yan, Tingfen AU - Fields, Matthew W AU - Wu, Liyou AU - Zu, Yuangang AU - Tiedje, James M AU - Zhou, Jizhong AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6038, Bldg. 1505, TN 37831-6036, USA. Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 13 EP - 24 VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1462-2912, 1462-2912 KW - Nitrates KW - 0 KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Nitrite Reductases KW - EC 1.7.- KW - nitrite reductase, copper-containing KW - EC 1.7.2.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phylogeny KW - Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Uranium -- metabolism KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Bacteria -- genetics KW - Nitrite Reductases -- genetics KW - Genetic Variation KW - Fresh Water -- chemistry KW - Bacteria -- enzymology KW - Fresh Water -- microbiology KW - Nitrates -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- classification KW - Water Pollution, Chemical KW - Nitrite Reductases -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72980024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Molecular+diversity+and+characterization+of+nitrite+reductase+gene+fragments+%28nirK+and+nirS%29+from+nitrate-+and+uranium-contaminated+groundwater.&rft.au=Yan%2C+Tingfen%3BFields%2C+Matthew+W%3BWu%2C+Liyou%3BZu%2C+Yuangang%3BTiedje%2C+James+M%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong&rft.aulast=Yan&rft.aufirst=Tingfen&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=14622912&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-19 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - AF548919; GENBANK; AF549094; AF548918; AF549095; AF549092; AF549093; AF548915; AF549090; AF548914; AF549091; AF548917; AF548916; AF548911; AF548910; AF548913; AF548912; AF549098; AF549099; AF549096; AF549097; AF549081; AF548909; AF549082; AF549083; AF549084; AF549080; AF549089; AF549085; AF549086; AF549087; AF549088; AF549072; AF549073; AF549070; AF549071; AF549076; AF549077; AF549074; AF549075; AF549078; AF549079; AF549060; AF549061; AF549063; AF549064; AF549065; AF549066; AF549067; AF549068; AF549069; AF548960; AF549049; AF548954; AF549059; AF548955; AF549058; AF548956; AF549057; AF548957; AF549056; AF548950; AF549055; AF548951; AF549054; AF548952; AF549053; AF548953; AF549052; AF549051; AF549050; AF548958; AF548959; AF549038; AF549039; AF548945; AF549046; AF548946; AF549045; AF548943; AF549048; AF548944; AF549047; AF549042; AF548942; AF549041; AF549044; AF548940; AF549043; AF549040; AF548949; AF548947; AF548948; AF549029; AF549027; AF549028; AF549033; AF549032; AF548930; AF549031; AF548931; AF549030; AF548932; AF549037; AF548933; AF549036; AF548934; AF549035; AF548935; AF549034; AF548936; AF548937; AF548938; AF548939; AF549016; AF549017; AF549018; AF549019; AF549020; AF548920; AF549022; AF549021; AF548923; AF549024; AF548924; AF549023; AF548921; AF549026; AF548922; AF549025; AF548927; AF548928; AF548925; AF548926; AF548929; AF549012; AF549013; AF548999; AF549014; AF548998; AF549015; AF548997; AF548996; AF548995; AF549010; AF548994; AF549011; AF549009; AF549006; AF549005; AF549008; AF549007; AF549105; AF549104; AF549102; AF549103; AF549100; AF549101; AF549003; AF548988; AF549004; AF548987; AF549001; AF549002; AF548989; AF548984; AF549000; AF548983; AF548986; AF548985; AF548990; AF548991; AF548992; AF548993; AF548975; AF548974; AF548973; AF548972; AF548979; AF548978; AF548977; AF548976; AF548981; AF548982; AF548980; AF548969; AF548962; AF548961; AF548964; AF548963; AF548966; AF548965; AF548968; AF548967; AF548970; AF548971 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The biokinetics of uranium migrating from embedded DU fragments. AN - 72889115; 12500806 AB - Military uses of depleted uranium (DU) munitions have resulted in casualties with embedded DU fragments. Assessment of radiological or chemical health risks from these fragments requires a model relating urinary U to the rate of migration of U from the fragments, and its accumulation in systemic tissues. A detailed biokinetic model for U has been published by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), but its applicability to U migrating from embedded DU fragments is uncertain. Recently, Pellmar and colleagues (1999) conducted a study at the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (AFRRI) on the redistribution and toxicology of U in rats with implanted DU pellets, simulating embedded fragments. This paper compares the biokinetic data from that study with the behavior of commonly studied forms of U in rats (e.g., intravenously injected U nitrate). The comparisons indicate that the biokinetics of U migrating from embedded DU is similar to that of commonly studied forms of U with regard to long-term accumulation in kidneys, bone, and liver. The results provide limited support for the application of the ICRP's model to persons with embedded DU fragments. Additional information is needed with regard to the short-term behavior of migrating U and its accumulation in lymph nodes, brain, testicles, and other infrequently studied U repositories. JF - Journal of environmental radioactivity AU - Leggett, R W AU - Pellmar, T C AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. rwl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 205 EP - 225 VL - 64 IS - 2-3 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Firearms KW - Humans KW - Wounds and Injuries KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Foreign Bodies KW - Uranium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72889115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+radioactivity&rft.atitle=The+biokinetics+of+uranium+migrating+from+embedded+DU+fragments.&rft.au=Leggett%2C+R+W%3BPellmar%2C+T+C&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-01 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Web-access to a Lung Deposition Model for radiation protection and physiological modeling. AN - 71592198; 15455931 AB - A C++ implementation of the ICRP Lung Deposition Model was validated and made accessible by creating a web interface using Perl. Considerable understanding of this lung deposition model was obtained and a small number of errors identified in the code during this process. Documentation was developed using MathML and scalable vector graphics (SVG). JF - Studies in health technology and informatics AU - Ward, Richard C AU - Eckerman, Keith F AU - Ahmad, Lin S AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 389 EP - 391 VL - 94 SN - 0926-9630, 0926-9630 KW - Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Health technology assessment KW - Software KW - Humans KW - Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Computer Simulation KW - Radiation Protection KW - User-Computer Interface KW - Internet KW - Lung -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71592198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+health+technology+and+informatics&rft.atitle=Web-access+to+a+Lung+Deposition+Model+for+radiation+protection+and+physiological+modeling.&rft.au=Ward%2C+Richard+C%3BEckerman%2C+Keith+F%3BAhmad%2C+Lin+S&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Studies+in+health+technology+and+informatics&rft.issn=09269630&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-10-28 N1 - Date created - 2004-09-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reliability of the ICRP's dose coefficients for members of the public. III. Plutonium as a case study of uncertainties in the systemic biokinetics of radionuclides. AN - 71463515; 14653331 AB - This paper is a case study of the validity of different data sources and modelling approaches commonly used to build biokinetic models for radionuclides. The paper examines the basis and apparent predictive accuracy of each of the biokinetic models for Pu used over the years by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), in view of recent improvements in the database. The results of this study and similar retrospective studies for other elements suggest the following five points. (1) Extrapolation of biokinetic data from laboratory animals to man is particularly uncertain for the liver due to qualitative differences among species in the handling of many elements by this organ. (2) As a 'default' approach to biokinetic modelling or model assessment, biokinetic data for unhealthy human subjects should be given higher weight than information extrapolated across animal species or chemical families, but there are counter-examples. (3) Little confidence can be placed in biokinetic model predictions for long times after exposure based solely on curve fits to short-term biokinetic data. (4) Bioassay and dosimetry models for a radionuclide should not be developed separately. (5) Where feasible, the systemic biokinetic model for a radionuclide should be developed within a physiologically realistic model structure, because this allows biokinetic data from experimental studies to be supplemented with physiological information, provides a basis for extrapolation of data across animals species or chemical families, results in models that can be used for both bioassay interpretation and dosimetry, and provides a logical basis for extrapolation of data to subgroups of the population (e.g., various ages) or to times outside the period of observation. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Leggett, R W AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. rwl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 103 EP - 120 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Plutonium KW - 53023GN24M KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Computer Simulation KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Software Validation KW - Body Burden KW - Humans KW - Reference Standards KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Technology Assessment, Biomedical KW - Metabolic Clearance Rate KW - Environmental Exposure -- standards KW - Organ Specificity KW - Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - International Cooperation KW - Kinetics KW - Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Plutonium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Risk Assessment -- standards KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Plutonium -- analysis KW - Models, Biological KW - Radiometry -- standards KW - Radiation Protection -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71463515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Reliability+of+the+ICRP%27s+dose+coefficients+for+members+of+the+public.+III.+Plutonium+as+a+case+study+of+uncertainties+in+the+systemic+biokinetics+of+radionuclides.&rft.au=Leggett%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-08-13 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2003;106(2):99-102 [14653330] Comment On: Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2001;95(4):295-308 [11707028] Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2001;95(3):199-213 [11605794] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The amblygonite (LiAlPO (sub 4) F)-montebrasite (LiAlPO (sub 4) OH) solid solution; a combined powder and single-crystal neutron diffraction and solid-state (super 6) Li MAS, CP MAS, and REDOR NMR study AN - 52012760; 2003-024316 AB - The amblygonite-montebrasite series of minerals, common constituents of granitic pegmatites and topaz-bearing granites, show complete solid solution with ideal composition LiAlPO (sub 4) (F, OH). These compounds are ideal for studying FOH solid solution in minerals because natural members of the series generally show little deviation from the ideal composition. In this study, we used powder and single-crystal neutron diffraction and solid-state (super 6) Li MAS, CP MAS, and REDOR NMR techniques to study the effect of FOH substitution on the series. Lattice parameters refined from single-crystal neutron diffraction data show increasing b and decreasing a, c, and V with increasing F/(F+OH). The volume is highest for the OH end-member because of the presence of an additional atom (H). The a and c parameters decrease with increasing F/(F+OH) because the O-H vector is close to the a-c plane and the Al-OH/F vectors are approximately parallel to c. Lattice parameters refined from neutron powder diffraction patterns collected at lower T show that thermal contraction increases with F/(F+OH), presumably because the F anion takes up less space than the OH molecule. The results show that the OH/F position is always fully occupied. The H displacement ellipsoid shows little change with occupancy, which obviously corresponds negatively with increasing F/(F+OH). However, the Li displacement ellipsoid becomes extremely large and anisotropic with increasing F fraction. Most of the distortion is associated with the U (sub 3) eigenvalue, which lies between the c and c (super *) directions. U (sub eq) values corresponding to the Li atom show a greater reduction with decreasing temperature than the other atoms. The temperature dependence of Li is the same regardless of F content. Even when extrapolated to absolute zero the Li displacement ellipsoid is very large, which implies a large static disorder. At the montebrasite end of the series, there are five short Li-phi (phi = O, OH, F) distances and one very long Li-O4 bond. With increasing F content, the Li-O4 distance decreases and the Li-O3f distance increases, such that at the amblygonite end, the coordination is 4+2. The disorder in the Li site is obviously caused by the substitution of F for OH. The driving force is the loss of the hydrogen bond to O4, which causes the Li-O4 bond to strengthen and improves the bond valence to O4. The results show that the H atom position is imbedded within the distorted octahedral oxygen coordination of the Li atom. To represent the disorder better, we used a split Li site model. The results show that Li1 occupancy increases and the Li2 occupancy decreases with increasing F content, and that the Li1-Li2 distance is longer for intermediate compositions than for the end-members. The (super 6) Li MAS NMR experiments provide important structural information complementary to the neutron diffraction results. The spectra of samples in the amblygonite-montebrasite series show two well-resolved peaks, confirming the presence of Li disorder over two distinct sites, and highly resolved (super 6) Li MAS NMR spectra are obtained at the very high magnetic field strength of 18.8 T. The peaks at -0.3 ppm and -0.9 ppm were unambiguously assigned to the Li2(OH) and Li1(F) sites found in the neutron diffraction structures. The isotropic chemical shifts are consistent with the coordinations of these Li sites found in the neutron diffraction structures. The relative intensities of the two peaks across the series of samples reflect the varying F/(F+OH). In addition to confirming the assignments of the peaks, it is possible to measure H-Li2 and F-Li1 internuclear distances by (super 6) Li{ (super 1) H} and (super 6) Li{ (super 19) F} CP and REDOR NMR that are consistent with the corresponding distances from the neutron diffraction structures. The (super 6) Li{ (super 1) H} and (super 6) Li{ (super 19) F} CP and REDOR results indicate that the Li disorder is random throughout the crystals rather than over large domains, a conclusion that cannot be made from diffraction experiments. Variable temperature (super 6) Li MAS NMR spectra confirm that the disorder is static and there is no dynamic exchange involving F, OH, or Li. Each Li ion has access to only one of the two observed sites as determined by the presence of either OH or F in its immediate environment and there is no possibility of a dynamic exchange. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Groat, Lee A AU - Chakoumakos, Bryan C AU - Brouwer, Darren H AU - Hoffman, Christina M AU - Fyfe, Colin A AU - Morell, Heiko AU - Schultz, Arthur J Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 195 EP - 210 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 88 IS - 1 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - neutron activation analysis data KW - isotopes KW - pegmatite KW - lithium KW - igneous rocks KW - montebrasite KW - granites KW - alkali metals KW - crystal structure KW - phosphates KW - solid solution KW - powder method KW - stable isotopes KW - NMR spectra KW - plutonic rocks KW - atomic packing KW - metals KW - neutron diffraction data KW - spectra KW - lattice parameters KW - amblygonite KW - Li-6 KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52012760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=The+amblygonite+%28LiAlPO+%28sub+4%29+F%29-montebrasite+%28LiAlPO+%28sub+4%29+OH%29+solid+solution%3B+a+combined+powder+and+single-crystal+neutron+diffraction+and+solid-state+%28super+6%29+Li+MAS%2C+CP+MAS%2C+and+REDOR+NMR+study&rft.au=Groat%2C+Lee+A%3BChakoumakos%2C+Bryan+C%3BBrouwer%2C+Darren+H%3BHoffman%2C+Christina+M%3BFyfe%2C+Colin+A%3BMorell%2C+Heiko%3BSchultz%2C+Arthur+J&rft.aulast=Groat&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 12 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; amblygonite; atomic packing; crystal structure; granites; igneous rocks; isotopes; lattice parameters; Li-6; lithium; metals; montebrasite; neutron activation analysis data; neutron diffraction data; NMR spectra; pegmatite; phosphates; plutonic rocks; powder method; solid solution; spectra; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogeochemical and environmental factors in Fe biomineralization; magnetite and siderite formation AN - 51987476; 2003-037432 AB - The formation of siderite and magnetite by Fe(III)-reducing bacteria may play an important role in C and Fe geochemistry in subsurface and ocean sediments. The objective of this study was to identify environmental factors that control the formation of siderite (FeCO (sub 3) ) and magnetite (Fe (sub 3) O (sub 4) ) by Fe(III)-reducing bacteria. Psychrotolerant (45 degrees C) Fe(III)-reducing bacteria were used to examine the reduction of a poorly crystalline iron oxide, akaganeite (beta -FeOOH), without a soluble electron shuttle, anthraquinone disulfuonate (AQDS), in the presence of N2, N (sub 2) -CO (sub 2) (80:20, V:V), H (sub 2) and H (sub 2) -CO (sub 2) (80:20, V:V) headspace gases as well as in HCO (sub 3) -buffered medium (30-210 mM) under a N (sub 2) atmosphere, Iron biomineralization was also examined under different growth conditions such as salinity, pH, incubation time, incubation temperature and electron donors. Magnetite formation was dominant under a N (sub 2) and a H (sub 2) atmosphere. Siderite formation was dominant under a H (sub 2) -Co (sub 2) atmosphere. A mixture of magnetite and siderite was formed in the presence of a N (sub 2) -CO (sub 2) headspace. Akaganeite was reduced and transformed to siderite and magnetite in a HCO (super -) (sub 3) -buffered medium (>120 mM) with lactate as an electron donor in the presence of a N (sub 2) atmosphere. Biogeochemical and environmental factors controlling the phases of the secondary mineral suite include medium pH, salinity, electron donors, atmospheric composition and incubation time. These results indicate that microbial Fe(III) reduction may play an important role in Fe and C biogeochemistry as well as C Sequestration in natural environments. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Roh, Y AU - Zhang, C L AU - Vali, H AU - Lauf, R J AU - Phelps, T J Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 83 EP - 95 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - biomineralization KW - experimental studies KW - biochemistry KW - clay mineralogy KW - iron KW - geochemical cycle KW - siderite KW - metals KW - carbon KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - carbon cycle KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - magnetite KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51987476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Biogeochemical+and+environmental+factors+in+Fe+biomineralization%3B+magnetite+and+siderite+formation&rft.au=Roh%2C+Y%3BZhang%2C+C+L%3BVali%2C+H%3BLauf%2C+R+J%3BPhelps%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Roh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/10.1346%2FCCMN.2003.510110 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cms/ccm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; biomineralization; carbon; carbon cycle; carbonates; clay mineralogy; experimental studies; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; iron; magnetite; metals; oxides; reduction; siderite DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2003.510110 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Net carbon flux from agriculture; carbon emissions, carbon sequestration, crop yield, and land-use change AN - 51935069; 2003-070705 AB - There is a potential to sequester carbon in soil by changing agricultural management practices. These changes in agricultural management can also result in changes in fossil-fuel use, agricultural inputs, and the carbon emissions associated with fossil fuels and other inputs. Management practices that alter crop yields and land productivity can affect the amount of land used for crop production with further significant implications for both emissions and sequestration potential. Data from a 20-year agricultural experiment were used to analyze carbon sequestration, carbon emissions, crop yield, and land-use change and to estimate the impact that carbon sequestration strategies might have on the net flux of carbon to the atmosphere. Results indicate that if changes in management result in decreased crop yields, the net carbon flux can be greater under the new system, assuming that crop demand remains the same and additional lands are brought into production. Conversely, if increasing crop yields lead to land abandonment, the overall carbon savings from changes in management will be greater than when soil carbon sequestration alone is considered. JF - Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) AU - West, Tristram O AU - Marland, Gregg Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 73 EP - 83 PB - Nijhoff/Junk, Dordrecht-Boston-Lancaster VL - 63 IS - 1 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - United States KW - soils KW - fertilizers KW - emissions KW - sequestration KW - agriculture KW - atmosphere KW - ecosystems KW - environmental analysis KW - carbon dioxide KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - land management KW - greenhouse effect KW - land use KW - storage KW - productivity KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51935069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.atitle=Net+carbon+flux+from+agriculture%3B+carbon+emissions%2C+carbon+sequestration%2C+crop+yield%2C+and+land-use+change&rft.au=West%2C+Tristram+O%3BMarland%2C+Gregg&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Tristram&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100244/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from PASCAL, Institute de l'Information Scientifique et Technique, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; atmosphere; carbon; carbon dioxide; ecosystems; emissions; environmental analysis; fertilizers; greenhouse effect; land management; land use; organic compounds; productivity; sequestration; soils; storage; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward a better understanding of mercury emissions from soils AN - 51913094; 2003-085861 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Zhang, Hong AU - Lindberg, Steve AU - Gustin, Mae AU - Xu, Xiaohong A2 - Cai, Yong A2 - Braids, Olin C. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 246 EP - 261 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 835 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - United States KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - characterization KW - pollution KW - measurement KW - bioaccumulation KW - laboratory studies KW - Steamboat Springs KW - dynamics KW - metals KW - Washoe County Nevada KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - climate KW - mercury KW - field studies KW - diffusivity KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51913094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Toward+a+better+understanding+of+mercury+emissions+from+soils&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Hong%3BLindberg%2C+Steve%3BGustin%2C+Mae%3BXu%2C+Xiaohong&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Hong&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=835&rft.issue=&rft.spage=246&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 221st American Chemical Society national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioaccumulation; characterization; climate; diffusivity; dynamics; experimental studies; field studies; geochemistry; kinetics; laboratory studies; measurement; mercury; metals; Nevada; pollutants; pollution; soils; sorption; Steamboat Springs; toxic materials; United States; Washoe County Nevada ER - TY - BOOK T1 - A grand query; how scale matters in global change research AN - 51879929; 2004-017387 JF - Global change and local places; estimating, understanding, and reducing greenhouse gases AU - Kates, Rober W AU - Wilbanks, Thomas J Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge SN - 0521809509 KW - scale factor KW - land cover KW - human activity KW - global KW - atmosphere KW - global change KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - mitigation KW - regional KW - ecology KW - greenhouse effect KW - land use KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51879929?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kates%2C+Rober+W%3BWilbanks%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Kates&rft.aufirst=Rober&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0521809509&rft.btitle=A+grand+query%3B+how+scale+matters+in+global+change+research&rft.title=A+grand+query%3B+how+scale+matters+in+global+change+research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 88 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors controlling the bioaccessibility of arsenic(V) and lead(II) in soil AN - 51814927; 2004-060717 AB - The relative oral bioaccessibility of labile Pb(II) and As(V) added to soils was investigated in a well-characterized soil using a physiologically based extraction test (PBET) to simulate metal solubility in a child's digestive system. The effect of soil and PBET (i.e., simulated stomach and small intestine) pH, soil metal concentration, soil to solution ratio, and soil-metal aging time were investigated. Arsenic bioaccessibility was relatively unaffected by a variation in simulated stomach and small intestine pH over the range 2 to 7 and soil pH over the range 4.5 to 9.4. In contrast, Pb(II) bioaccessibility was strongly dependent on both the simulated stomach, small intestine, and soil pH, showing enhanced sequestration and decreased bioaccessibility at higher pH values in all cases. Although the bioaccessibility of Pb(II) was constant over the concentration range of approximately 10 to 10,000 mg/kg, the As(V) bioaccessibility significantly increased over this concentration range. The bioaccessibility of both arsenic and lead increased as the soil-to-solution ratio decreased from 1:40 to 1:100. Additional lead sequestration was not observed during 6 months of soil aging, but As (V) bioaccessibility decreased significantly during this period. JF - International Journal of Phytoremediation AU - Yang, Jae-Kyu AU - Barnett, Mark O AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Brooks, Scott C Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 165 EP - 179 PB - CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 1522-6514, 1522-6514 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - biochemistry KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - lead KW - bioavailability KW - solubility KW - simulation KW - ions KW - human ecology KW - bioaccumulation KW - carcinogens KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - mobility KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51814927?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Phytoremediation&rft.atitle=Factors+controlling+the+bioaccessibility+of+arsenic%28V%29+and+lead%28II%29+in+soil&rft.au=Yang%2C+Jae-Kyu%3BBarnett%2C+Mark+O%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Jae-Kyu&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Phytoremediation&rft.issn=15226514&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713610150 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; bioaccumulation; bioavailability; biochemistry; carcinogens; concentration; human ecology; ions; lead; metals; mobility; pH; pollution; risk assessment; simulation; soils; solubility ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-resolution seismic imaging of the hydrate stability zone; Mallik, Canada AN - 51694592; 2005-052996 AB - High-resolution seismic reflection data acquired over the Mallik site provides a rare glimpse at natural hydrate deposits in close proximity to this intensely hydrate studied site on the northeastern edge of the Mackenzie Delta, NW Territories, Canada. Several boreholes, geophysically logged and some cored, provide limited detailed control of the permafrost interval, hydrate stability zone, and the free gas contact. Reflection events within the hydrate stability zone correlate with good confidence to well data at this site. Reflections from over 1000 m possess resolution potential more than double conventional data acquired in this area. Separate hydrate zones can be identified within the 300 m thick hydrate stability zone. Hydrate layers within the stability zone vary in thickness and in some case appear to truncate across distances as short as 100 m. Amplitude anomalies possibly associated with the free gas boundary appear to define the base of the hydrate stability zone and therefore represent a phase boundary related to pressure and temperature. High velocity layer effects required substantial decimation of data fold at longer offsets to avoid degradation during CMP processing. Correlation of seismic events with well data allows confident extrapolation from the well bore and provides insights into the lateral variability of natural hydrate occurrences. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Miller, Richard D AU - Hunter, James A AU - Doll, William E AU - Carr, Bradley J AU - Good, Ron L AU - Burns, Robert A AU - Laflen, David R AU - Douma, Marten AU - Chidsey, Thomas C, Jr Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 120 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 12 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - high-resolution methods KW - Mackenzie Delta KW - well logs KW - geophysical surveys KW - gas hydrates KW - natural gas KW - geophysical methods KW - stability KW - reflection methods KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - Northwest Territories KW - cores KW - variations KW - seismic methods KW - boreholes KW - Canada KW - Mallik Northwest Territories KW - velocity KW - thickness KW - surveys KW - Western Canada KW - amplitude KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51694592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=High-resolution+seismic+imaging+of+the+hydrate+stability+zone%3B+Mallik%2C+Canada&rft.au=Miller%2C+Richard+D%3BHunter%2C+James+A%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BCarr%2C+Bradley+J%3BGood%2C+Ron+L%3BBurns%2C+Robert+A%3BLaflen%2C+David+R%3BDouma%2C+Marten%3BChidsey%2C+Thomas+C%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG annual convention with SEPM N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - SuppNotes - Available on compact disc and on paper N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; boreholes; Canada; cores; elastic waves; gas hydrates; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; high-resolution methods; Mackenzie Delta; Mallik Northwest Territories; natural gas; Northwest Territories; petroleum; reflection methods; seismic methods; stability; surveys; thickness; variations; velocity; well logs; Western Canada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gulf of Mexico produced water; characterization and simulation AN - 51437322; 2007-053973 JF - Abstracts - AAPG Mid-Continent Section Meeting AU - McFarlane, Joanna AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Mid-Continent Section, Tulsa, OK VL - 2003 KW - water KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - petroleum KW - aqueous solutions KW - simulation KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - models KW - oil wells KW - North Atlantic KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51437322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+AAPG+Mid-Continent+Section+Meeting&rft.atitle=Gulf+of+Mexico+produced+water%3B+characterization+and+simulation&rft.au=McFarlane%2C+Joanna%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McFarlane&rft.aufirst=Joanna&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2003&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+AAPG+Mid-Continent+Section+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.searchanddiscovery.net/abstracts/pdf/2003/midcon/abs/ndx_mcfarlane.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG Mid-Continent Section meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Aug. 25, 2006 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06711 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; Atlantic Ocean; chemical composition; Gulf of Mexico; models; Monte Carlo analysis; North Atlantic; oil wells; petroleum; pollution; simulation; statistical analysis; water; water pollution ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Hydrological and geochemical processes controlling the fate and transport of contaminants in fractured bedrock AN - 51402534; 2007-074317 JF - Geochemical and hydrological reactivity of heavy metals in soils AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Mehlhorn, Tonia L AU - Roh, Y AU - Sanford, William E A2 - Selim, H. Magdi A2 - Kingery, William L. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - CRC Press Company, Boca Raton, FL SN - 1566706238 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - characterization KW - preferential flow KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mineral composition KW - transport KW - EDTA KW - tracers KW - Tennessee KW - carboxylic acids KW - diffusivity KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - bedrock KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - matrix KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - models KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - risk assessment KW - chelation KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51402534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jardine%2C+Philip+M%3BMehlhorn%2C+Tonia+L%3BRoh%2C+Y%3BSanford%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1566706238&rft.btitle=Hydrological+and+geochemical+processes+controlling+the+fate+and+transport+of+contaminants+in+fractured+bedrock&rft.title=Hydrological+and+geochemical+processes+controlling+the+fate+and+transport+of+contaminants+in+fractured+bedrock&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric mercury emissions from mine wastes and surrounding geologically enriched terrains AN - 51170138; 2003-041751 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Gustin, M Sexauer AU - Coolbaugh, M F AU - Engle, M A AU - Fitzgerald, B C AU - Keislar, R E AU - Lindberg, S E AU - Nacht, D M AU - Quashnick, J AU - Rytuba, J J AU - Sladek, C AU - Zhang, H AU - Zehner, R E AU - Kolker, Allan AU - Orem, William AU - Lechler, Paul Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 339 EP - 351 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - desorption KW - terrestrial environment KW - enrichment KW - nonpoint sources KW - California KW - volatilization KW - substrates KW - depositional environment KW - Superfund sites KW - mercury KW - mines KW - concentration KW - waste rock KW - arid environment KW - host rocks KW - background level KW - pollution KW - Sulfur Bank Superfund Site KW - atmospheric transport KW - metals KW - Lake County California KW - tailings KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51170138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+mercury+emissions+from+mine+wastes+and+surrounding+geologically+enriched+terrains&rft.au=Gustin%2C+M+Sexauer%3BCoolbaugh%2C+M+F%3BEngle%2C+M+A%3BFitzgerald%2C+B+C%3BKeislar%2C+R+E%3BLindberg%2C+S+E%3BNacht%2C+D+M%3BQuashnick%2C+J%3BRytuba%2C+J+J%3BSladek%2C+C%3BZhang%2C+H%3BZehner%2C+R+E%3BKolker%2C+Allan%3BOrem%2C+William%3BLechler%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Gustin&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - GSA annual meeting, Summit 2000; session on The impact of mercury on the global environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; atmospheric transport; background level; California; concentration; depositional environment; desorption; enrichment; host rocks; Lake County California; mercury; metals; mines; nonpoint sources; point sources; pollution; substrates; Sulfur Bank Superfund Site; Superfund sites; tailings; terrestrial environment; United States; volatilization; waste rock ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Road ecology; science and solutions AN - 50295257; 2004-049778 JF - Road ecology; science and solutions AU - Foreman, Richard T T AU - Sperling, Daniel AU - Bissonette, John A AU - Clevenger, Anthony P AU - Cutshall, Carol D AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Fahrig, Lenore AU - France, Robert AU - Goldman, Charles R AU - Heanue, Keven AU - Jones, Julia A AU - Swanson, Frederick J AU - Turrentine, Thomas AU - Winter, Thomas C Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 481 PB - Island Press, Washington, DC SN - 1559639326 KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - vegetation KW - environmental management KW - air quality KW - depositional environment KW - best management practices KW - clastic sediments KW - road salt KW - surface water KW - biota KW - models KW - habitat KW - carbon monoxide KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - planning KW - erosion control KW - dust KW - sustainable development KW - hydrocarbons KW - policy KW - wind transport KW - slope stability KW - roads KW - United States KW - geologic hazards KW - engineering properties KW - ecosystems KW - chemical waste KW - combustion KW - transport KW - railroads KW - mass movements KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - bridges KW - soils KW - soil mechanics KW - concentration KW - drainage KW - pollution KW - landslides KW - safety KW - land management KW - landscapes KW - aquatic environment KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50295257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Foreman%2C+Richard+T+T%3BSperling%2C+Daniel%3BBissonette%2C+John+A%3BClevenger%2C+Anthony+P%3BCutshall%2C+Carol+D%3BDale%2C+Virginia+H%3BFahrig%2C+Lenore%3BFrance%2C+Robert%3BGoldman%2C+Charles+R%3BHeanue%2C+Keven%3BJones%2C+Julia+A%3BSwanson%2C+Frederick+J%3BTurrentine%2C+Thomas%3BWinter%2C+Thomas+C&rft.aulast=Foreman&rft.aufirst=Richard+T&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1559639326&rft.btitle=Road+ecology%3B+science+and+solutions&rft.title=Road+ecology%3B+science+and+solutions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1077 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Establishing Causality between Environmental Stressors and Effects on Aquatic Ecosystems AN - 20241019; 7322538 AB - Establishing causal relationships between environmental stressors and observed effects in natural systems is difficult due to the many intrinsic environmental factors that can hinder this process and because there are no widely accepted and proven approaches for determining such relationships. Several types of approaches or combinations of approaches, each with their own sets of advantages and limitations, have been applied in a variety of ecological systems to investigate possible causal relationships between stressors and effects. These include controlled laboratory studies (including acute and chronic bioassays), experimental field manipulations, field studies based on synoptic field surveys, mathematical simulation modeling, statistical associations, various combinations of laboratory, experimental, and field studies, and the ecoepidemiological (weight or evidence) approach. The use of ecoepidemiological ("forensic toxicology") principles is becoming increasingly attractive as a method to help establish causality because it does not involve the same limitations of other approaches and it can also be used to integrate disparate information within a logical framework so that scientifically and defensible regulatory decisions can be made. The objective of this Commentary series of papers on the issue on causality is to demonstrate the application of the ecoepidemiology approach, using a variety of case history studies, for establishing causal relationships between specific stressors and biological effects. For each case history provided in the following series of papers, the authors describe their study situation, summarize the results supporting a causal relationship, and then compare their study results against seven standard causal criteria. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Adams, S M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, adamssm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 17 EP - 35 PB - CRC Press LLC, 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW Boca Raton FL 33431 USA, [mailto:journals@crcpress.com] VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Risk Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - causality KW - causal relationships KW - ecoepidemiology KW - environmental stressors KW - Risk assessment KW - Historical account KW - Ecosystems KW - biological effects KW - Water quality KW - Environmental factors KW - Bioassay KW - Assessments KW - Weight KW - Interspecific relationships KW - History KW - Varieties KW - Environmental stress KW - Toxicology KW - environmental factors KW - Laboratory testing KW - Laboratories KW - Simulation KW - Water pollution KW - Model Studies KW - Bioassays KW - Biological effects KW - Standards KW - aquatic ecosystems KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20241019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Establishing+Causality+between+Environmental+Stressors+and+Effects+on+Aquatic+Ecosystems&rft.au=Adams%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F1080703031877357 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioassays; Interspecific relationships; Water quality; Environmental factors; Toxicology; Water pollution; Risk assessment; environmental factors; Historical account; Biological effects; Laboratory testing; biological effects; Simulation; Environmental stress; aquatic ecosystems; Weight; Ecosystems; Assessments; History; Laboratories; Varieties; Standards; Model Studies; Bioassay DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1080703031877357 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating baseline carbon emissions for the eastern Panama Canal watershed AN - 20086730; 5870211 AB - To participate in the potential market for C credits based on changes in the use and management of the land, one needs to identify opportunities and implement land-use based emissions reductions or sequestration projects. A key requirement of land-based carbon (C) projects is that any activity developed for generating C benefits must be additional to business-as-usual. A rule-based model was developed and used that estimates changes in land-use and subsequent C emissions over the next twenty years using the Eastern Panama Canal Watershed (EPCW) as a case study. These projections of changes in C stocks serve as a baseline to identify where opportunities exist for implementing projects to generate potential C credits and to position Panama to be able to participate in the emerging C market by developing a baseline under scenarios of business-as-usual and new-road development. The projections show that the highest percent change in land use for the new-road scenario compared to the business-as-usual scenario is for urban areas, and the greatest cause of C emission is from deforestation. Thus, the most effective way to reduce C emissions to the atmosphere in the EPCW is by reducing deforestation. In addition to affecting C emissions, reducing deforestation would also protect the soil and water resources of the EPCW. Yet, under the current framework of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), only credits arising from reforestation are allowed, which after 20 years of plantation establishment are not enough to offset the C emissions from the ongoing, albeit small, rate of deforestation in the EPCW. The study demonstrates the value of spatial regional projections of changes in land cover and C stocks: The approach helps a country identify its potential greenhouse gas (GHG) emission liabilities into the future and provides opportunity for the country to plan alternative development pathways. It could be used by potential project developers to identify which types of projects will generate the largest C benefits and provide the needed baseline against which a project is then evaluated. Spatial baselines, such as those presented here, can be used by governments to help identify development goals. The development of such a baseline, and its expansion to other vulnerable areas, well positions Panama to respond to the future market demand for C offsets. It is useful to compare the projected change in land cover under the business-as-usual scenario to the goals set by Law 21 for the year 2020. Suggested next steps for analysis include using the modeling approach to explore land-use, C dynamics and management of secondary forests and plantations, soil C gains or losses, sources of variability in the land use and C stock projections, and other ecological implications and feedbacks resulting from projected changes in land cover. JF - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change AU - Dale, V H AU - Brown, S AU - Calderon, MO AU - Montoya, A S AU - Martinez, R E AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, dalevh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 323 EP - 348 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 1381-2386, 1381-2386 KW - Clean Development Mechanism KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Panama KW - Panama Canal KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Climatic changes KW - Emission control KW - Watersheds KW - Land use KW - Carbon emissions KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Canals KW - Air pollution forecasting KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Deforestation KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20086730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.atitle=Estimating+baseline+carbon+emissions+for+the+eastern+Panama+Canal+watershed&rft.au=Dale%2C+V+H%3BBrown%2C+S%3BCalderon%2C+MO%3BMontoya%2C+A+S%3BMartinez%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.issn=13812386&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canals; Atmospheric pollution models; Greenhouse gases; Carbon emissions; Land use; Deforestation; Carbon sequestration; Air pollution forecasting; Climatic changes; Emission control; Watersheds; Panama; Panama Canal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the Effects of Small-Scale Heterogeneities on Flow and Transport in Undisturbed Cores from the Hanford Formation AN - 19945384; 6495315 AB - Accelerated migration of contaminants in the vadose zone has been observed beneath tank farms at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Reservation, Richland, WA. This paper focuses on quantifying hydrologic processes that control the fate and transport of contaminants in the unsaturated sediments beneath the Hanford tank farms. The experimental approach involved the use of field relevant, long-term unsaturated nonreactive transport experiments in undisturbed sediments from the Hanford Formation. Undisturbed sediment cores were collected from a laminated fine-grained sand unit within the Hanford Formation in both the vertical direction (flow cross bedding) and the horizontal direction (flow bedding parallel). Laboratory-scale saturated and unsaturated flow experiments were conducted using multiple nonreactive tracers to investigate hydrologic processes controlling the vertical and lateral spread of contaminants. The nonreactive tracers differ in their free-water molecular diffusion coefficients, thus providing a quantitative measure of diffusional processes and the presence of immobile water. Asymmetric breakthrough curves (BTCs) and coelution of tracers were observed during saturated flow in both horizontal and vertical cores, indicating advection enhanced solute dispersion with no accompanying immobile water. Unsaturated tracer transport in the vertical and horizontal cores resulted in earlier breakthrough, asymmetric BTCs, and differential breakthrough of tracers where the elution of piperazine-1-4- bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid) (PIPES) preceded that of pentafluorobenzoic acid (PFBA), which preceded that of Br super(-). These results suggest that physical nonequilibrium processes (PNE) such as preferential finger flow coupled with immobile water may control the unsaturated movement of contaminants in the Hanford Formation. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Pace, M N AU - Mayes, MA AU - Jardine, P M AU - Mehlhorn, T L AU - Zachara, J M AU - Bjornstad, B N AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6038, pacem@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 664 EP - 676 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 2 IS - 4 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Migration KW - Advection KW - bedding KW - Solutes KW - Tracers KW - Cores KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Sand KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Diffusion KW - Heterogeneity KW - Saturated Flow KW - Sediment pollution KW - Pipes KW - migration KW - Diffusion Coefficient KW - advection KW - Sediments KW - USA KW - Acids KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Groundwater Movement KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19945384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+Effects+of+Small-Scale+Heterogeneities+on+Flow+and+Transport+in+Undisturbed+Cores+from+the+Hanford+Formation&rft.au=Pace%2C+M+N%3BMayes%2C+MA%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BMehlhorn%2C+T+L%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BBjornstad%2C+B+N&rft.aulast=Pace&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=664&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedding; migration; Pipes; Sediment pollution; Tracers; Sand; Diffusion; advection; Sediments; Diffusion Coefficient; Path of Pollutants; Groundwater Pollution; Migration; Advection; Solutes; Cores; Unsaturated Flow; Acids; Sediment Contamination; Heterogeneity; Groundwater Movement; Saturated Flow; USA; USA, Washington, Hanford ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Real-Time Monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Cigarette Smoke Using Time-Resolved Laser-Induced Fluorescence AN - 19646095; 7394818 AB - Cigarette smoke contains a large number of chemicals and gaseous compounds including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Due to the importance of PAHs and their health effects in cigarettes, development of systems to analyze PAHs in cigarette smoke may become useful in developing a less harmful product. However, the complexity of cigarette smoke chemistry remains a significant obstacle in its analysis: many cigarette smoke components are produced due to reactions such as decomposition and recombination of cigarette components during the smoking process. Methods to analyze these reactions in real-time are needed. In this article the authors report direct monitoring of pyrene in mainstream smoke using time-gated laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) based on fiber optics. The time-gated detection system could provide a reduced background signal of mainstream smoke when using optimized gate delay and gate width parameters. The results demonstrate the feasibility of direct monitoring of PAHs in mainstream smoke. JF - Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds AU - Song, J M AU - Jagannathan, R AU - Stokes, D L AU - Vo-Dinh, T AU - Hajaligol, M R AD - Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 429 EP - 439 PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd., 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk] VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 1040-6638, 1040-6638 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - cigarette smoke KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - time-gated laser-induced fluorescence KW - Recombination KW - Fibers KW - Smoking KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Fluorescence KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Cigarettes KW - Cigarette smoke KW - Pyrene KW - Decomposition KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19646095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Polycyclic+Aromatic+Compounds&rft.atitle=Real-Time+Monitoring+of+Polycyclic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbons+in+Cigarette+Smoke+Using+Time-Resolved+Laser-Induced+Fluorescence&rft.au=Song%2C+J+M%3BJagannathan%2C+R%3BStokes%2C+D+L%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T%3BHajaligol%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Song&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Polycyclic+Aromatic+Compounds&rft.issn=10406638&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoking; Fibers; Recombination; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Aromatic compounds; Fluorescence; Cigarettes; Cigarette smoke; Pyrene; Decomposition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of Multiple Sublethal Stress Indicators to Assess the Health of Fish in Pamlico Sound Following Extensive Flooding AN - 19201341; 5789583 AB - Multiple indicators of sublethal stress (bioindicators) were used to assess the health and condition of two important estuarine fish species in the Pamlico Sound estuary following extensive flooding from three sequential hurricanes that occurred during early fall 1999. Bioindicators ranging from the biochemical to the reproductive and organism-level were used to assess the health of southern flounder and spot in Pamlico Sound compared to the health of these same species sampled from a relatively unaffected reference site in lower Core Sound. Many of the physiological, reproductive, immunological, histopathological, and general condition indices suggested that both species, and particularly spot, in Pamlico Sound were sublethally stressed and in poorer condition than fish sampled from Core Sound. The major environmental stressors causing these sublethal stress responses in Pamlico Sound fish appears to be those related to episodic hypoxic exposure or a combination of effects associated with hypoxic conditions such as alterations in preferred habitat and food availability. Although fish populations in Pamlico Sound do not appear to be severely damaged or impaired at this time, organisms that are sublethally stressed can incur increased vulnerability to additional or future stressors such as modified physicochemical regimes, changes in food and habitat availability, and increases in infectious pathogens. Because of the low flushing rate (~ 1 yr) of Pamlico Sound, recovery rate may be exceptionally slow, prolonging any adverse effects of altered nutrient regimes (such as hypoxia) on the health and fitness of resident fish populations. Flooding from the 1999 hurricanes may have contributed to the short-term health and condition of finfish species in Pamlico Sound and also influenced longer-term recovery and ecological status of this system. Longer- term manifestation of effects from flooding may be of particular concern as the frequency of hurricanes is expected to increase over the next few years and the accelerated uses of the coastal zone places further stress on estuarine resources. JF - Estuaries AU - Adams, S M AU - Greeley AU - Law, J M AU - Noga, E J AU - Zelikoff, J T AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 Y1 - 2003///0, PY - 2003 DA - 0, 2003 SP - 1365 EP - 1382 PB - Estuarine Research Federation, 490 Chippingwood Dr. No. 2 Port Republic MD 20676-2140 USA VL - 26 IS - 5 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - USA, North Carolina, Core Sound KW - USA, North Carolina, Pamlico Sound KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Biological stress KW - Oxygen deficiency KW - Biochemistry KW - Oxygen Depletion KW - Indicators KW - Histopathology KW - Sexual reproduction KW - Food availability KW - Ecological Effects KW - ANW, USA, North Carolina, Core Sound KW - Storms KW - Pisces KW - Ecology KW - Comparative studies KW - Sublethal Effects KW - Floods KW - Brackishwater fish KW - Pollution indicators KW - Data Collections KW - Bioindicators KW - ANW, USA, North Carolina, Pamlico Sound KW - Body conditions KW - Immunology KW - Estuaries KW - Stress KW - Lethal limits (see also Mortality, Toxicity) KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Hurricanes KW - USA KW - Anoxic conditions KW - Comparison Studies KW - Fish physiology KW - Hypoxia KW - Flooding KW - Fish Populations KW - Indicator species KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - D 04668:Fish KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies KW - SW 0890:Estuaries KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19201341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Application+of+Multiple+Sublethal+Stress+Indicators+to+Assess+the+Health+of+Fish+in+Pamlico+Sound+Following+Extensive+Flooding&rft.au=Adams%2C+S+M%3BGreeley%3BLaw%2C+J+M%3BNoga%2C+E+J%3BZelikoff%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological stress; Biochemistry; Body conditions; Immunology; Indicators; Sexual reproduction; Histopathology; Food availability; Storms; Ecosystem disturbance; Comparative studies; Anoxic conditions; Fish physiology; Flooding; Brackishwater fish; Hurricanes; Hypoxia; Stress; Indicator species; Ecology; Oxygen deficiency; Floods; Estuaries; Pollution indicators; Lethal limits (see also Mortality, Toxicity); Data Collections; Bioindicators; Comparison Studies; Sublethal Effects; Oxygen Depletion; Fish Populations; Ecological Effects; Pisces; USA, North Carolina; USA; ANW, USA, North Carolina, Pamlico Sound; ANW, USA, North Carolina, Core Sound ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EXCAVATOR: a computer program for efficiently mining gene expression data AN - 19171214; 5760047 AB - Massive amounts of gene expression data are generated using microarrays for functional studies of genes and gene expression data clustering is a useful tool for studying the functional relationship among genes in a biological process. We have developed a computer package EXCAVATOR for clustering gene expression profiles based on our new framework for representing gene expression data as a minimum spanning tree. EXCAVATOR uses a number of rigorous and efficient clustering algorithms. This program has a number of unique features, including capabilities for: (i) data- constrained clustering; (ii) identification of genes with similar expression profiles to pre-specified seed genes; (iii) cluster identification from a noisy background; (iv) computational comparison between different clustering results of the same data set. EXCAVATOR can be run from a Unix/Linux/DOS shell, from a Java interface or from a Web server. The clustering results can be visualized as colored figures and 2-dimensional plots. Moreover, EXCAVATOR provides a wide range of options for data formats, distance measures, objective functions, clustering algorithms, methods to choose number of clusters, etc. The effectiveness of EXCAVATOR has been demonstrated on several experimental data sets. Its performance compares favorably against the popular K-means clustering method in terms of clustering quality and computing time. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Xu, D AU - Olman, V AU - Wang, L AU - Xu, Y AD - Protein Informatics Group, Life Sciences Division and Computer Sciences and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6480, USA, dong@cecs.missouri.edu Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 5582 EP - 5589 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 31 IS - 19 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - EXCAVATOR KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Gene expression KW - Computer programs KW - Algorithms KW - N 14510:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - W4 130:General Biomedical Engineering: Tools & Techniques KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19171214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=EXCAVATOR%3A+a+computer+program+for+efficiently+mining+gene+expression+data&rft.au=Xu%2C+D%3BOlman%2C+V%3BWang%2C+L%3BXu%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=5582&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Computer programs; Algorithms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A computational pipeline for protein structure prediction and analysis at genome scale AN - 19163271; 5757907 AB - Experimental techniques alone cannot keep up with the production rate of protein sequences, while computational techniques for protein structure predictions have matured to such a level to provide reliable structural characterization of proteins at large scale. Integration of multiple computational tools for protein structure prediction can complement experimental techniques. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Shah, M AU - Passovets, S AU - Kim, D AU - Ellrott, K AU - Wang, L AU - Vokler, I AU - LoCascio, P AU - Xu, D AU - Xu, Y AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37830-6480 Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1985 EP - 1996 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 19 IS - 15 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Protein structure KW - Bioinformatics KW - Amino acid sequence KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19163271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=A+computational+pipeline+for+protein+structure+prediction+and+analysis+at+genome+scale&rft.au=Shah%2C+M%3BPassovets%2C+S%3BKim%2C+D%3BEllrott%2C+K%3BWang%2C+L%3BVokler%2C+I%3BLoCascio%2C+P%3BXu%2C+D%3BXu%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Shah&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=1985&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioinformatics; Protein structure; Genomes; Amino acid sequence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Background rareness-based iterative multiple sequence alignment algorithm for regulatory element detection AN - 19153397; 5757885 AB - Experimental methods capable of generating sets of co-regulated genes have become commonplace, however, recognizing the regulatory motifs responsible for this regulation remains difficult. As a result, computational detection of transcription factor binding sites in such data sets has been an active area of research. Most approaches have utilized either Gibbs sampling or greedy strategies to identify such elements in sets of sequences. These existing methods have varying degrees of success depending on the strength and length of the signals and the number of available sequences. We present a new deterministic iterative algorithm for regulatory element detection based on a Markov chain background. As in other methods, sequences in the entire genome and the training set are taken into account in order to discriminate against commonly occurring signals and produce patterns, which are significant in the training set. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Narasimhan, C AU - LoCascio, P AU - Uberbacher, E AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 3480, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1952 EP - 1963 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 19 IS - 15 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - computer programs KW - algorithms KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Genomes KW - Transcription factors KW - Gene regulation KW - Regulatory sequences KW - Detection KW - N 14610:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19153397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Background+rareness-based+iterative+multiple+sequence+alignment+algorithm+for+regulatory+element+detection&rft.au=Narasimhan%2C+C%3BLoCascio%2C+P%3BUberbacher%2C+E&rft.aulast=Narasimhan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=1952&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Detection; Regulatory sequences; Gene regulation; Transcription factors; Genomes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Designing Optimal Flow Patterns for Fall Chinook Salmon in a Central Valley, California, River AN - 18920727; 5597672 AB - Widespread declines in stocks of Pacific salmon in the genus Oncorhynchus highlight the need for research to find new and effective management strategies for recovery. Two recovery objectives are (1) to ensure that recruitment is adequate to rebuild self-sustaining populations and (2) to maintain phenotypic diversity. This study seeks to understand how seasonal flow patterns in a flow- regulated California river might be managed to attain each of these recovery objectives, specifically for the fall and late-fall runs of chinook salmon O. tshawytscha. We ask two questions: (1) Does the optimal pattern of seasonal flows change as the amount of water available is constrained by droughts or diversions of flows? and (2) How do optimal flow regimes designed for the two conservation objectives differ? We coupled simulated annealing with a recruitment model to find flow regimes that maximize either the number of smolt out-migrant 'recruits' (MR) or the variation in spawning times among recruits (MV). Optimal flow regimes identified for both the MR and MV objectives changed as we increased the annual quantity of water available, allocating higher flows during the spring and fall seasons. Flow regimes that optimized the MR and MV objectives were different. For example, the MV flow regime with unlimited annual flow provided a pulse of high flow 2 weeks before the peak spawning date of the minority late-fall run. Simulated recruits produced by MV flow regimes were fewer in number: and had parents that spawned later and over a wider range of dates: than recruits produced by MR flow regimes. Although these results have not been verified by empirical studies, they demonstrate the potential for managing species with special conservation status by combining state-of-the-art numerical optimization methods with mechanistic ecological models. JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Jager, H I AU - Rose, KA AD - Environmental Sciences Division,Oak Ridge National Laboratory,Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA Y1 - 2003///0, PY - 2003 DA - 0, 2003 SP - 1 EP - 21 VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Chinook salmon KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Rivers KW - Resource conservation KW - Recruitment KW - Fishery regulations KW - Freshwater KW - Population dynamics KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Fishery resources KW - Water levels KW - Fishery management KW - Stream flow rate KW - USA, California, Central Valley KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08605:Sport fishing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18920727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Designing+Optimal+Flow+Patterns+for+Fall+Chinook+Salmon+in+a+Central+Valley%2C+California%2C+River&rft.au=Jager%2C+H+I%3BRose%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Jager&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water levels; Rivers; Fishery management; Resource conservation; Recruitment; Stream flow rate; Fishery regulations; Population dynamics; Fishery resources; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, California, Central Valley; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Principles and issues in radiological ecological risk assessment AN - 18875401; 5722309 AB - This paper provides a bridge between the fields of ecological risk assessment (ERA) and radioecology by presenting key biota dose assessment issues identified in the US Department of Energy's Graded Approach for Evaluating Radiation Doses to Aquatic and Terrestrial Biota in a manner consistent with the US Environment Protection Agency's framework for ERA. Current radiological ERA methods and data are intended for use in protecting natural populations of biota, rather than individual members of a population. Potentially susceptible receptors include vertebrates and terrestrial plants. One must ensure that all media, radionuclides (including short-lived radioactive decay products), types of radiation (i.e., alpha particles, electrons, and photons), and pathways (i.e., internal and external contamination) are combined in each exposure scenario. The relative biological effectiveness of alpha particles with respect to deterministic effects must also be considered. Expected safe levels of exposure are available for the protection of natural populations of aquatic biota (10 mGy d super(-1)) and terrestrial plants (10 mGy d super(-1)) and animals (1 mGy d super(-1)) and are appropriate for use in all radiological ERA tiers, provided that appropriate exposure assumptions are used. Caution must be exercised (and a thorough justification provided) if more restrictive limits are selected, to ensure that the supporting data are of high quality, reproducible, and clearly relevant to the protection of natural populations. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Jones, D AU - Domotor, S AU - Higley, K AU - Kocher, D AU - Bilyard, G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036 USA, jonesds@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 19 EP - 39 VL - 66 IS - 1-2 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Radioecology KW - Biota KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Radioisotopes KW - Environmental effects KW - Risks KW - Environmental protection KW - Q5 08501:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18875401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Principles+and+issues+in+radiological+ecological+risk+assessment&rft.au=Jones%2C+D%3BDomotor%2C+S%3BHigley%2C+K%3BKocher%2C+D%3BBilyard%2C+G&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Physical medium: Printed matter N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biota; Radioecology; Ionizing radiation; Environmental effects; Radioisotopes; Environmental protection; Risks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optical properties of Erwinia herbicola bacteria at 0.190-2.50 mu m AN - 18864520; 5715030 AB - We measure the complex index of refraction of Erwinia herbicola (also known as Enterobacter agglomerans or Pantoea agglomerans) bacteria (ATTC 33243) over the spectral region from 0.190 to 2.50 mu m (4000-52,632 cm super(-1)). Transmission measurements are made on solid films of E. herbicola and on suspensions of the bacteria in water. These measurements, combined with spectral reflectance and Kramers-Kroenig analysis, allow the determination of the real and imaginary parts over the entire wavelength interval. Accurate and consistent results are obtained for this complex and difficult to measure material. This is part of a continuing series of measurements of the optical constants of representative biological materials that are applicable to the development of methods for detection of airborne biological contaminants, where the material under study is used as a surrogate for a pathogenic agent. JF - Biopolymers AU - Arakawa, E T AU - Tuminello, P S AU - Khare, B N AU - Milham, ME AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, dscicon@jhu.edu Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 391 EP - 398 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 72 IS - 5 SN - 0006-3525, 0006-3525 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18864520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biopolymers&rft.atitle=Optical+properties+of+Erwinia+herbicola+bacteria+at+0.190-2.50+mu+m&rft.au=Arakawa%2C+E+T%3BTuminello%2C+P+S%3BKhare%2C+B+N%3BMilham%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Arakawa&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biopolymers&rft.issn=00063525&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbip.10438 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.10438 ER - TY - CONF T1 - A New Oxygen Sensitivity and Its Potential Application in Photosynthetic H sub(2) Production AN - 18771065; 5635915 AB - We have discovered a new competitive pathway for O sub(2) sensitivity in algal H sub(2) production that is distinct from the O sub(2) sensitivity of hydrogenase per se. This O sub(2) sensitivity is apparently linked to the photosynthetic H sub(2) production pathway that is coupled to proton translocation across the thylakoid membrane. Addition of the proton uncoupler carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoro-methoxy-phenylhydrazone eliminates this mode of O sub(2) inhibition on H sub(2) photoevolution. This newly discovered inhibition is most likely owing to background O sub(2) that apparently serves as a terminal electron acceptor in competition with the H sub(2) production pathway for photosynthetically generated electrons from water splitting. This O sub(2)-sensitive H sub(2) production electron transport pathway was inhibited by 3[3,4-dichlorophenyl]1,1-dimethylurea. Our experiments demonstrated that this new pathway is more sensitive to O sub(2) than the traditionally known O sub(2) sensitivity of hydrogenase. This discovery provides new insight into the mechanism of O sub(2) inactivation of hydrogenase and may contribute to the development of a more-efficient and robust system for photosynthetic H sub(2) production. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Lee, J-W AU - Greenbaum, E Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 303 EP - 316 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA, [URL:http://humanapress.com] VL - 105-108 KW - 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)1,1-dimethylurea KW - carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoro-methoxy-phenylhydrazone KW - hydrogen KW - oxygen KW - translocation KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W2 32250:Others KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 320:Cell Culture & Batch Fermentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18771065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=A+New+Oxygen+Sensitivity+and+Its+Potential+Application+in+Photosynthetic+H+sub%282%29+Production&rft.au=Lee%2C+J-W%3BGreenbaum%2C+E&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=J-W&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=105-108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon management and biodiversity AN - 18751628; 5624269 AB - International efforts to mitigate human-caused changes in the Earth's climate are considering a system of incentives (debits and credits) that would encourage specific changes in land use that can help to reduce the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide. The two primary land-based activities that would help to minimize atmospheric carbon dioxide are carbon storage in the terrestrial biosphere and the efficient substitution of biomass fuels and bio-based products for fossil fuels and energy-intensive products. These two activities have very different land requirements and different implications for the preservation of biodiversity and the maintenance of other ecosystem services. Carbon sequestration in living forests can be pursued on lands with low productivity, i.e. on lands that are least suitable for agriculture or intensive forestry, and are compatible with the preservation of biodiversity over large areas. In contrast, intensive harvest-and-use systems for biomass fuels and products generally need more productive land to be economically viable. Intensive harvest-and-use systems may compete with agriculture or they may shift intensive land uses onto the less productive lands that currently harbor most of the Earth's biodiversity. Win-win solutions for carbon dioxide control and biodiversity are possible, but careful evaluation and planning are needed to avoid practices that reduce biodiversity with little net decrease in atmospheric carbon dioxide. Planning is more complex on a politically subdivided Earth where issues of local interest, national sovereignty, and equity come into play. JF - Journal of Environmental Management AU - Huston, MA AU - Marland, G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA, hustonma@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/01/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jan 01 SP - 77 EP - 86 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 67 IS - 1 SN - 0301-4797, 0301-4797 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Terrestrial environments KW - Carbon cycle KW - Ecosystem management KW - Biological diversity KW - Atmosphere KW - Land use KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18751628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Carbon+management+and+biodiversity&rft.au=Huston%2C+MA%3BMarland%2C+G&rft.aulast=Huston&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Management&rft.issn=03014797&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0301-4797%2802%2900190-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terrestrial environments; Ecosystem management; Carbon cycle; Biological diversity; Atmosphere; Land use DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4797(02)00190-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute seasonal drought does not permanently alter mass loss and nitrogen dynamics during decomposition of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) litter AN - 18633629; 5544902 AB - Litter decomposition is a major component of nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems and is known to be sensitive to both temperature and moisture. A drought during periods of the year when moisture is normally abundant may impact decomposition more than moisture limitation during seasons that are routinely dry. We excluded precipitation for a 3-month period during each of four seasons and measured mass loss and nitrogen (N) dynamics in Acer rubrum leaf litter by using a litterbag approach. We hypothesized that rainfall exclusion would retard mass loss during the exclusion period, with the maximum effect occurring during the spring and summer months when moisture was normally adequate and temperatures optimum for decomposition, and that exclusion during these two periods would have the greatest impact on subsequent timing of decomposition events, particularly N mineralization. Mass loss in litterbags was initially reduced by precipitation exclusion in the spring treatment only. For each season, a set of bags exposed to drying in the same way and allowed to remain in the field under ambient conditions for an additional 9 months no longer showed a difference in mass loss relative to control bags. Nitrogen accumulation was immediately and significantly reduced in the exclusion treatments in all seasons; however, like mass loss, there was no difference 9 months later. We conclude that short-term effects of drought do occur, especially with regard to N accumulation, and that these effects do not persist and are unlikely to have any substantial effect on nutrient cycling. JF - Global Change Biology AU - O'Neill, E G AU - Johnson, D W AU - Ledford, J AU - Todd, DE AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422, USA, Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA, n3v@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 117 EP - 123 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Red maple KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Leaf litter KW - Litter KW - Trees KW - Cycling Nutrients KW - Forests KW - Drought KW - Acer rubrum KW - Nutrient dynamics KW - Droughts KW - Decomposition KW - SW 0860:Water and plants KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18633629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Acute+seasonal+drought+does+not+permanently+alter+mass+loss+and+nitrogen+dynamics+during+decomposition+of+red+maple+%28Acer+rubrum+L.%29+litter&rft.au=O%27Neill%2C+E+G%3BJohnson%2C+D+W%3BLedford%2C+J%3BTodd%2C+DE&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2486.2003.00538.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Leaf litter; Nutrient dynamics; Decomposition; Droughts; Litter; Cycling Nutrients; Trees; Forests; Drought; Acer rubrum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00538.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct observation of a local thermal vibration anomaly in a quasicrystal AN - 1844920155; 2016-099817 AB - Atomic-resolution annular dark-field STEM is used to map directly the change in thermal diffuse scattering intensity distribution in a quasicrystal at high T. At 1100 K localized well-correlated atomic vibrations with a quasiperiodic length scale of 2 nm in decagonal Al (sub 72) Ni (sub 20) Co (sub 8) were observed. These thermal vibrations are attributed to an annalous T factor for the Al atoms at photon-related sites in the framework of hyperspace crystallography. JF - Nature (London) AU - Abe, Eiji AU - Pennycook, S J AU - Tsai, A P Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 347 EP - 350 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 421 IS - 6921 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - crystals KW - thermal diffusivity KW - quasicrystals KW - lattice KW - vibration KW - electron microscopy data KW - anomalies KW - TEM data KW - high temperature KW - temperature KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844920155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Direct+observation+of+a+local+thermal+vibration+anomaly+in+a+quasicrystal&rft.au=Abe%2C+Eiji%3BPennycook%2C+S+J%3BTsai%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Abe&rft.aufirst=Eiji&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=421&rft.issue=6921&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature01337 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anomalies; crystals; electron microscopy data; high temperature; lattice; quasicrystals; TEM data; temperature; thermal diffusivity; vibration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01337 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Removal of Carbon Dioxide from Flue Gas by Ammonia Carbonation in the Gas Phase AN - 17152127; 6788373 AB - The increasing anthropogenic CO sub(2) emissions and possible global warming have challenged the United States and other countries to find new and better ways to meet the world's increasing needs for energy while, at the same time, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This study explores the possibility of using ammonium bicarbonate (NH sub(4)HCO sub(3)) formation by ammonia carbonation in the gas phase to achieve reduction of CO sub(2) emissions from industrial flue gas. Experimental results obtained in this study demonstrate that removal of flue-gas CO sub(2) can be achieved via formation of solid NH sub(4)HCO sub(3) through ammonia carbonation in the gas phase. Removal of CO sub(2) is quantified by monitoring CO sub(2) concentrations at the entrance and exit of the reactor column. The products of ammonia carbonation were identified by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. For the experimental conditions employed in this study, current results show up to 50% removal of CO sub(2) from the flue gas. Higher efficiencies are likely achievable by optimizing the operating conditions and geometry of the reactor. JF - Energy & Fuels AU - Li, Xiaonian AU - Hagaman, E AU - Tsouris, C AU - Lee, J W AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6194, USA Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 69 EP - 74 VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 0887-0624, 0887-0624 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollutant removal KW - Ammonia KW - Flue gas KW - Air pollution control KW - Emission control KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17152127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Fuels&rft.atitle=Removal+of+Carbon+Dioxide+from+Flue+Gas+by+Ammonia+Carbonation+in+the+Gas+Phase&rft.au=Li%2C+Xiaonian%3BHagaman%2C+E%3BTsouris%2C+C%3BLee%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Xiaonian&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Fuels&rft.issn=08870624&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fef020120n LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollutant removal; Ammonia; Flue gas; Emission control; Air pollution control; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef020120n ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical Processes Affecting Natural Depletion of Volatile Chemicals in Soil and Groundwater AN - 16198933; 6495274 AB - A Fickian model is described for dispersive vapor transport due to "pumping" induced by barometric pressure fluctuations and periodic water table fluctuations. The approach is appropriate for time scales that are large relative to the period of induced airflow variations. Comparisons of the magnitude of dispersive fluxes with those due solely to molecular diffusion indicated that dispersive vapor transport becomes increasingly important as soil porosity decreases and as the depth to groundwater and the contaminant source increases. For soils with low air-filled porosity, barometric pumping is likely to dominate transport even for shallow soils. Barometric pumping may predominate for soils with moderate to high air-filled porosity with deeper groundwater ( >5-15 m). Water table pumping is predicted to predominate over diffusion only for high-frequency fluctuations, such as tidal conditions. A steady-state model for contaminant volatilization from groundwater is presented that considers diffusive and dispersive vapor transport, unsaturated zone aqueous phase advection, and dispersive mixing in groundwater, yielding an apparent first- order decay coefficient with respect to groundwater. Predicted volatilization coefficients for perchloroethene (PCE) range from 0.02 d super(-1) for various soil conditions and groundwater depths. Highest values are predicted for the most permeable soils. Volatilization rates are predicted to decrease with depth up to a point at which dispersive fluxes dominate over diffusion and then to increase to the extent that barometric pressure fluctuations propagate to greater depths. Vertical mixing within the saturated zone has a significant influence on volatilization from groundwater. Simple moving front and mixing cell models are presented to estimate depletion rates of soil contamination due to volatilization and leaching. Results indicate that natural depletion of residual soil NAPL may take many decades and is markedly influenced by soil conditions, hydraulic flux, and contaminant properties. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Parker, Jack C AD - Geosciences and Environmental Engineering Group, Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge TN 37831-6036, parkerjc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 222 EP - 230 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 2 IS - 2 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - Aeration Zone KW - Water table KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Mixing KW - Advection KW - Pollutants KW - Residual Soils KW - Water Table Fluctuations KW - Pumping KW - Chemical pollution KW - Leaching KW - Soil Contamination KW - Depletion KW - Soil Porosity KW - Porosity KW - Soil contamination KW - Water Table KW - Aeration KW - Model Studies KW - Groundwater pollution KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16198933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Physical+Processes+Affecting+Natural+Depletion+of+Volatile+Chemicals+in+Soil+and+Groundwater&rft.au=Parker%2C+Jack+C&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=222&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydraulics; Leaching; Water table; Groundwater pollution; Soil contamination; Chemical pollution; Aeration; Aeration Zone; Soil Contamination; Depletion; Soil Porosity; Porosity; Groundwater Pollution; Water Table; Mixing; Advection; Model Studies; Residual Soils; Pollutants; Water Table Fluctuations; Pumping ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A bioenergetics model for white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus: assessing differences in growth and reproduction among Snake River reaches AN - 879468139; 5801431 AB - Water diversion and hydropower operations in the Snake River basin (northwestern United States) potentially affect long-term growth and reproduction of white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus through changes in food availability and energy demands. The white sturgeon has a unique life history that includes a life span of 80+ years, age at first reproduction of >13 years, and a spawning interval of >3 years. A bioenergetics model was developed to investigate the effects of temperature on A. transmontanus growth and reproduction among Snake River reaches. This model is unlike most bioenergetics models, because it incorporates both gonadal and somatic compartments for growth. The model tracks daily allocation of calories consumed by a female sturgeon exposed to different temperature regimes for any portion or the entirety of its lifespan. Excess energy is partitioned between gonadal and somatic growth depending on environmental cues, energy condition, age, and other factors. In addition to change in weight, the model output includes growth in length, condition factor, gonadal somatic index, spawning interval, timing of spawning, and fecundity. Simulations revealed a significant difference in the potential for growth and reproduction among Snake River reaches due to temperature variations. The model predicted that small increases in temperature can slow growth, increase the spawning interval, and reduce lifetime egg production. Further model development should include additional among-reach differences such as food availability and other water quality parameters that might affect growth and reproductive output. JF - Journal of Applied Ichthyology/Zeitschrift fur angewandte Ichthyologie AU - Bevelhimer AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 550 EP - 556 PB - Blackwell Verlag, Kurfuerstendamm 57 Berlin 10707 Germany VL - 18 IS - 4-6 SN - 0175-8659, 0175-8659 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Bioenergetics KW - Anadromous species KW - Hydroelectric Plants KW - Food availability KW - Freshwater KW - Acipenser KW - History KW - Sturgeon KW - Water Diversion KW - Abiotic factors KW - Rivers KW - Growth rate KW - Temperature effects KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Acipenser transmontanus KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - River basins KW - Spawning KW - Model Studies KW - USA KW - Foods KW - Fecundity KW - Q1 08342:Geographical distribution KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/879468139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Ichthyology%2FZeitschrift+fur+angewandte+Ichthyologie&rft.atitle=A+bioenergetics+model+for+white+sturgeon+Acipenser+transmontanus%3A+assessing+differences+in+growth+and+reproduction+among+Snake+River+reaches&rft.au=Bevelhimer&rft.aulast=Bevelhimer&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4-6&rft.spage=550&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Ichthyology%2FZeitschrift+fur+angewandte+Ichthyologie&rft.issn=01758659&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Growth rate; Fecundity; Bioenergetics; Anadromous species; Simulation; River basins; Food availability; Abiotic factors; Rivers; Foods; History; Temperature; Hydroelectric Plants; Sturgeon; Spawning; Water Diversion; Model Studies; Acipenser transmontanus; Acipenser; USA, Snake R.; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore pressure during metamorphism of carbonate rock; effect of volumetric properties of H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) mixtures AN - 52008061; 2003-024531 AB - The molar volume of mixtures of CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) O is a strong function of the fluid composition. Both CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) O participate in the metamorphism of carbonate rocks, resulting in a change in the fluid composition during reaction. One of the effects of the change in composition is the increase in pore-fluid P with only small increases in extent of reaction, zeta . Pressure calculated from the columetric properties of CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O mixtures at 400 degrees C increases greatly with small increases of zeta but drops at greater values because of the increase in pore volume as a result of Delta V (sub solid) . The ore P increase at small values of zeta though, readily exceeds the reported tensile strength of carbonate rocks, and the rock cannot sustain significant reaction without fracturing. The result of a small amount of reaction is a fractured rock with increased permeability, which promotes fluid transport. JF - Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology AU - Labotka, Theodore C AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Blencoe, James G Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 305 EP - 313 PB - Springer International, Heidelberg-New York VL - 144 IS - 3 SN - 0010-7999, 0010-7999 KW - water KW - pressure KW - metamorphism KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - pore pressure KW - metamorphic rocks KW - volume KW - metasedimentary rocks KW - petrography KW - chemical composition KW - carbonate rocks KW - P-T conditions KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52008061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contributions+to+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.atitle=Pore+pressure+during+metamorphism+of+carbonate+rock%3B+effect+of+volumetric+properties+of+H+%28sub+2%29+O-CO+%28sub+2%29+mixtures&rft.au=Labotka%2C+Theodore+C%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BBlencoe%2C+James+G&rft.aulast=Labotka&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contributions+to+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.issn=00107999&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00410-002-0398-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(zmx2wiu4y01pcgigj5i3jxf5)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100406,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMPEAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbonate rocks; chemical composition; metamorphic rocks; metamorphism; metasedimentary rocks; mineral composition; P-T conditions; petrography; pore pressure; pressure; sedimentary rocks; temperature; volume; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-002-0398-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U and Pb isotope analysis of uranium minerals by ion microprobe and the geochronology of the McArthur River and Sue Zone uranium deposits, Saskatchewan, Canada AN - 51971437; 2003-050664 AB - A method for in situ U-Pb isotopic analysis by SIMS has been developed for U minerals with a range of compositions, using an ion-yield normalizing coefficient that accounts for variation in relative ion-yields with chemical composition. These coefficients vary as a function of PbO wt.% and primary ion-beam current. Therefore, keeping the current of the ion beam constant, an empirical mass-bias model was developed. This includes two calibration curves that define the relationship between the (super 206) Pb/ (super 238) U (super +) and (super 207) Pb (super +) / (super 235) U (super +) values measured by SIMS vs the 'true' (super 206) Pb/ (super 238) U and (super 207) Pb/ (super 235) U values. The U deposits in the Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan, preserve the initial age of mineralization of 1519-1486 m.y. JF - The Canadian Mineralogist AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Kyser, T Kurtis AU - Riciputi, Lee R Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 1553 EP - 1569 PB - Mineralogical Association of Canada, Ottawa, ON VL - 40, Part 6 SN - 0008-4476, 0008-4476 KW - upper Precambrian KW - U/Pb KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - McArthur River Deposit KW - Athabasca Group KW - thermal ionization mass spectra KW - sandstone KW - mass spectra KW - lead KW - stable isotopes KW - sedimentary rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Athabasca Deposit KW - U-235/Pb-207 KW - U-235/Pb-206 KW - absolute age KW - oxides KW - mineralization KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - Pb-207/Pb-206 KW - geochemistry KW - concentration KW - Precambrian KW - isotope ratios KW - Proterozoic KW - U-238/Pb-206 KW - uranium minerals KW - Mesoproterozoic KW - uranium ores KW - Canada KW - metals KW - fine-grained materials KW - metal ores KW - Sue Zone Deposit KW - Western Canada KW - uranium KW - Pb-208/Pb-206 KW - uraninite KW - Saskatchewan KW - clastic rocks KW - Athabasca Basin KW - actinides KW - backscattering KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51971437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=U+and+Pb+isotope+analysis+of+uranium+minerals+by+ion+microprobe+and+the+geochronology+of+the+McArthur+River+and+Sue+Zone+uranium+deposits%2C+Saskatchewan%2C+Canada&rft.au=Fayek%2C+Mostafa%3BKyser%2C+T+Kurtis%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R&rft.aulast=Fayek&rft.aufirst=Mostafa&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=40%2C+Part+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.issn=00084476&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mineralogicalassociation.ca/template/EJournal/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAMIA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; actinides; Athabasca Basin; Athabasca Deposit; Athabasca Group; backscattering; Canada; chemical composition; clastic rocks; concentration; fine-grained materials; geochemistry; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; lead; mass spectra; McArthur River Deposit; Mesoproterozoic; metal ores; metals; mineralization; oxides; Pb-207/Pb-206; Pb-208/Pb-206; Precambrian; Proterozoic; radioactive isotopes; sandstone; Saskatchewan; sedimentary rocks; spectra; stable isotopes; Sue Zone Deposit; thermal ionization mass spectra; U-235/Pb-206; U-235/Pb-207; U-238/Pb-206; U/Pb; upper Precambrian; uraninite; uranium; uranium minerals; uranium ores; Western Canada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Landscape level differences in soil carbon and nitrogen; implications for soil carbon sequestration AN - 51924067; 2003-076022 JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Garten, Charles T, Jr AU - Ashwood, Tom L Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 14 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - North America KW - land cover KW - sequestration KW - Appalachians KW - Eastern U.S. KW - nitrogen KW - geochemical cycle KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - topography KW - carbon KW - residence time KW - Tennessee KW - soil surveys KW - surveys KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - landscapes KW - Valley and Ridge Province KW - storage KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51924067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Landscape+level+differences+in+soil+carbon+and+nitrogen%3B+implications+for+soil+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Garten%2C+Charles+T%2C+Jr%3BAshwood%2C+Tom+L&rft.aulast=Garten&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002GB001918 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 85 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anderson County Tennessee; Appalachians; carbon; carbon cycle; Eastern U.S.; geochemical cycle; land cover; landscapes; nitrogen; North America; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; organic carbon; residence time; Roane County Tennessee; sequestration; soil surveys; soils; storage; surveys; Tennessee; topography; United States; Valley and Ridge Province DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002GB001918 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hubeite; a new mineral from the Daye Mine near Huangshi, Hubei Province, China AN - 51757694; 2005-014580 JF - The Mineralogical Record AU - Hawthorne, Frank C AU - Cooper, Mark A AU - Grice, Joel D AU - Roberts, Andrew C AU - Cook, William R, Jr AU - Lauf, Robert J Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 465 EP - 471 PB - Mineralogical Record, Inc., Tucson, AZ VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0026-4628, 0026-4628 KW - silicates KW - Hubei China KW - crystal form KW - aggregate KW - Far East KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - unit cell KW - crystal structure KW - infrared spectra KW - Daye Mine KW - spectra KW - hardness KW - chemical composition KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - new minerals KW - China KW - Huangshi China KW - collecting KW - mineral localities KW - space groups KW - hubeite KW - intergrowths KW - crystals KW - physical properties KW - optical properties KW - lattice parameters KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51757694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Mineralogical+Record&rft.atitle=Hubeite%3B+a+new+mineral+from+the+Daye+Mine+near+Huangshi%2C+Hubei+Province%2C+China&rft.au=Hawthorne%2C+Frank+C%3BCooper%2C+Mark+A%3BGrice%2C+Joel+D%3BRoberts%2C+Andrew+C%3BCook%2C+William+R%2C+Jr%3BLauf%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Hawthorne&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Mineralogical+Record&rft.issn=00264628&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minresco.com/minrec/minrec.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - AZ N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MRECA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aggregate; Asia; chemical composition; China; collecting; crystal form; crystal structure; crystals; Daye Mine; Far East; geochemistry; hardness; Huangshi China; Hubei China; hubeite; infrared spectra; intergrowths; lattice parameters; mineral localities; new minerals; optical properties; physical properties; silicates; space groups; spectra; unit cell; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanosensor for In Vivo Measurement of the Carcinogen Benzo[a]pyrene in a Single Cell AN - 19711932; 7517166 AB - This work describes the fabrication and the application of an antibody-based fiber-optic nanosensor for in situ measurements of the carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in a single cell. This antibody-based spectroscopic nanosensor is miniaturized enabling the detection of fluorescent analytes in single cells. In addition to measuring fluorescent analytes in single cells, the nanosensor has the potential to be applied for both diagnostic and proteomics purposes. In this work, the human breast carcinoma cell line, MCF-7, was used as the model system to perform BaP measurements in single cells. A standard concentration curve for BaP was established and used to perform quantitative analyses of BaP in individual cells. From these analyses, it was estimated that the concentration of BaP in the individual cells investigated was similar to 3.61 x 10 sub(-10) M. The results obtained demonstrate the application of antibody-based nanosensors for performing in situ measurements inside a single cell. JF - Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology AU - Kasili, P M AU - Cullum, B M AU - Griffin, G D AU - Vo-Dinh, T AD - Advanced Biomedical Science and Technology Group, Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 653 EP - 658 PB - American Scientific Publishers, 25650 North Lewis Way Stevenson Ranch CA 91381-1439 USA VL - 2 IS - 6 SN - 1533-4880, 1533-4880 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - NANOSENSOR KW - SINGLE CELL KW - BENZO [A] PYRENE KW - ANTIBODY IMMOBILIZATION KW - FLUORESCENCE KW - Tumor cell lines KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - Breast carcinoma KW - Carcinogens KW - proteomics KW - nanotechnology KW - W 30955:Biosensors KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19711932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nanoscience+and+Nanotechnology&rft.atitle=Nanosensor+for+In+Vivo+Measurement+of+the+Carcinogen+Benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene+in+a+Single+Cell&rft.au=Kasili%2C+P+M%3BCullum%2C+B+M%3BGriffin%2C+G+D%3BVo-Dinh%2C+T&rft.aulast=Kasili&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nanoscience+and+Nanotechnology&rft.issn=15334880&rft_id=info:doi/10.1166%2Fjnn.2002.155 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - 9 references N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tumor cell lines; Breast carcinoma; Benzo(a)pyrene; proteomics; Carcinogens; nanotechnology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2002.155 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Can uptake length in streams be determined by nutrient addition experiments? Results from an interbiome comparison study AN - 18918563; 5560792 AB - Nutrient uptake length is an important parameter for quantifying nutrient cycling in streams. Although nutrient tracer additions are the preferred method for measuring uptake length under ambient nutrient concentrations, short-term nutrient addition experiments have more frequently been used to estimate uptake length in streams. Theoretical analysis of the relationship between uptake length determined by nutrient addition experiments (S sub(w)') and uptake length determined by tracer additions (S sub(w)) predicted that S sub(w)' should be consistently longer than S sub(w), and that the overestimate of uptake length by S sub(w)' should be related to the level of nutrient addition above ambient concentrations and the degree of nutrient limitation. To test these predictions, we used data from an interbiome study of NH super(+) sub(4) uptake length in which super(15)NH super(+) sub(4) tracer and short-term NH super(+) sub(4) addition experiments were performed in 10 streams using a uniform experimental approach. The experimental results largely confirmed the theoretical predictions: S sub(w)' was consistently longer than S sub(w) and S sub(w)':S sub(w) ratios were directly related to the level of NH super(+) sub(4) addition and to indicators of N limitation. The experimentally derived S sub(w)':S sub(w) ratios were used with the theoretical results to infer the N limitation status of each stream. Together, the theoretical and experimental results showed that tracer experiments should be used whenever possible to determine nutrient uptake length in streams. Nutrient addition experiments may be useful for comparing uptake lengths between different streams or different times in the same stream, however, provided that nutrient additions are kept as low as possible and of similar magnitude. JF - Journal of the North American Benthological Society AU - Mulholland, P J AU - Tank, J L AU - Webster, J R AU - Bowden, W B AU - Dodds, W K AU - Gregory, S V AU - Grimm, N B AU - Hamilton, S K AU - Johnson, S L AU - Marti, E AU - McDowell, W H AU - Merriam, J L AU - Meyer, J L AU - Peterson, B J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 USA, mulhollandpj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 544 EP - 560 VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 0887-3593, 0887-3593 KW - comparative studies KW - nutrient additions KW - uptake length KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Rivers KW - Limiting factors KW - Streams KW - Nutrient cycles KW - Methodology KW - Analytical techniques KW - Uptake KW - Tracer techniques KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Nutrient uptake KW - Experimental research KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18918563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.atitle=Can+uptake+length+in+streams+be+determined+by+nutrient+addition+experiments%3F+Results+from+an+interbiome+comparison+study&rft.au=Mulholland%2C+P+J%3BTank%2C+J+L%3BWebster%2C+J+R%3BBowden%2C+W+B%3BDodds%2C+W+K%3BGregory%2C+S+V%3BGrimm%2C+N+B%3BHamilton%2C+S+K%3BJohnson%2C+S+L%3BMarti%2C+E%3BMcDowell%2C+W+H%3BMerriam%2C+J+L%3BMeyer%2C+J+L%3BPeterson%2C+B+J&rft.aulast=Mulholland&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=544&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.issn=08873593&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Analytical techniques; Uptake; Limiting factors; Nutrients (mineral); Tracer techniques; Nutrient cycles; Experimental research; Methodology; Nutrient uptake; Streams ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of ultrafine and fine particles at a site near the Great Smoky Mountains National Park AN - 18655003; 5551070 AB - Continuous measurements were taken during a 22-day campaign held in the summer of 2000 at a site close to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in eastern Tennessee. The campaign was conducted to investigate the relationships between ultrafine/fine particles and gaseous species observed. A varimax-rotation factor analysis was performed to explore the relationship of the fine and ultrafine particle number concentrations, the gaseous species concentration, the mean wind speed, and the solar radiation. A 6-factor model was found to best resolve 79.7% of the variability embedded in the data. The model suggests that 31.4% of the data variability could be explained by ultrafine particles (the diameters smaller than or equal to 100 nm). It was difficult to label this factor without chemistry information of the ultrafine particles. However, no gas species were loaded on Factor 1 indicating the ultrafine particles observed in this study were not associated with primary source emissions. The decoupling of the ultrafine particles from the fine particles also implies that the former ones might have been produced and transported to the site by separated mechanisms from those of fine particles. The second factor included the PM sub(2.5) mass concentration and the number concentrations of particles in the diameter range of 101-400 nm. The loading pattern on Factor 2 led to the conclusion that this factor was contributed by regional transport. The third factor includes CO, NO sub(2), reactive odd nitrogen (NO sub(y)), and SO sub(2) that were contributed by primary source emissions. The mean wind speed and ozone were loaded in Factor 4 that was labeled as ozone transport. Identification of this factor led to an observation that ozone transport to the site was essentially decoupled from the regional transport factor of fine particles (i.e., Factor 2). Solar radiation was singly included in the fifth factor indicating this is a unique factor. The quality of NO data was marginal and the variable was distilled by the model into Factor 6. A multiple regression analysis further indicated that PM sub(2.5) mass concentration was best explained by CO, O sub(3), and number concentrations of particles in the diameter range between 0.1 and 0.4 mu m. We also identified two unique events during the campaign in which the number concentrations of 31-51 nm particles dramatically increased by a factor of 10 in 30 min, reaching 40,000 cm super(-3) and lasting for a couple of hours. Particles in the size range just below and above those in the 31-51 nm diameter range also exhibited increases during these events, but the changes were much less dramatic. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Cheng, M-D AU - Tanner, R L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Building 1505, Mail Stop 6038, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, chengmd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 5795 EP - 5806 VL - 36 IS - 38 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18655003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+ultrafine+and+fine+particles+at+a+site+near+the+Great+Smoky+Mountains+National+Park&rft.au=Cheng%2C+M-D%3BTanner%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=M-D&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=38&rft.spage=5795&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation and Characterization of Metal-Reducing Thermoanaerobacter Strains from Deep Subsurface Environments of the Piceance Basin, Colorado AN - 18617752; 5512808 AB - Five bacterial strains were isolated from anaerobic enrichment cultures that had originated from inoculations with samples collected from the deep subsurface environments of the millions-of-years-old, geologically and hydrologically isolated Piceance Basin in Colorado. Small-subunit rRNA gene-based analyses indicated that all of these bacteria were closely related to Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus, with similarities of 99.4 to 99.5%. Three isolates (X513, X514, and X561) from the five bacterial strains were used to examine physiological characteristics. These thermophilic bacteria were able to use acetate, glucose, hydrogen, lactate, pyruvate, succinate, and xylose as electron donors while reducing Fe(III), cobalt(III), chromium(VI), manganese(IV), and uranium(VI) at 60 degree C. One of the isolates (X514) was also able to utilize hydrogen as an electron donor for Fe(III) reduction. These bacteria exhibited diverse mineral precipitation capabilities, including the formation of magnetite (Fe sub(3)O sub(4)), siderite (FeCO sub(3)), rhodochrosite (MnCO sub(3)), and uraninite (UO sub(2)). The gas composition of the incubation headspace and the ionic composition of the incubation medium exerted profound influences on the types of minerals formed. The susceptibility of the thermophilic Fe(III)-reducing cultures to metabolic inhibitors specific for ferric reductase, hydrogenase, and electron transport indicated that iron reduction by these bacteria is an enzymatic process. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Roh, Y AU - Liu, S V AU - Li, G AU - Huang, H AU - Phelps, T J AU - Zhou, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, NationalExposureResearchLaboratory,EnvironmentalProtectionAgency,ResearchTrianglePark,NC27711. Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 6013 EP - 6020 VL - 68 IS - 12 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - ferric reductase KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Magnetite KW - USA, Colorado, Piceance Basin KW - Thermophilic bacteria KW - Siderite KW - Reduction KW - Cobalt KW - Uranium KW - Hydrogenase KW - Manganese KW - Metals KW - Chromium KW - Enzymes KW - Thermoanaerobacter KW - Anaerobic conditions KW - USA, Colorado KW - Anoxic conditions KW - Chemical precipitation KW - Chemical analysis KW - Iron KW - Dehydrogenases KW - Q1 08206:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - A 01006:Enzymes & cofactors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18617752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Isolation+and+Characterization+of+Metal-Reducing+Thermoanaerobacter+Strains+from+Deep+Subsurface+Environments+of+the+Piceance+Basin%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Roh%2C+Y%3BLiu%2C+S+V%3BLi%2C+G%3BHuang%2C+H%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BZhou%2C+J&rft.aulast=Roh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=6013&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.68.12.6013-6020.2002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Magnetite; Chromium; Enzymes; Siderite; Reduction; Anoxic conditions; Chemical precipitation; Uranium; Cobalt; Iron; Manganese; Chemical analysis; Dehydrogenases; Thermophilic bacteria; Hydrogenase; Anaerobic conditions; Thermoanaerobacter; USA, Colorado; USA, Colorado, Piceance Basin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.12.6013-6020.2002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric iron flux and surface chlorophyll at South Atlantic Ocean; a case study near Patagonia AN - 821967014; 2011-008210 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hernandez, Jose L AU - Erickson, David J, III AU - Ginoux, Paul AU - Gregg, Watson AU - McClain, Charles AU - Christian, Jim AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 102 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - three-dimensional models KW - clastic sediments KW - biochemistry KW - iron KW - nutrients KW - South America KW - transport KW - Patagonia KW - deposition KW - atmospheric transport KW - Argentina KW - metals KW - dust KW - sediments KW - South Atlantic KW - wind transport KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/821967014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+iron+flux+and+surface+chlorophyll+at+South+Atlantic+Ocean%3B+a+case+study+near+Patagonia&rft.au=Hernandez%2C+Jose+L%3BErickson%2C+David+J%2C+III%3BGinoux%2C+Paul%3BGregg%2C+Watson%3BMcClain%2C+Charles%3BChristian%2C+Jim%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hernandez&rft.aufirst=Jose&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Argentina; Atlantic Ocean; atmospheric transport; biochemistry; clastic sediments; deposition; dust; iron; metals; nutrients; Patagonia; sediments; South America; South Atlantic; three-dimensional models; transport; wind transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experiments testing the abatement of radiation damage in D-xylose isomerase crystals with cryogenic helium. AN - 72646152; 12409625 AB - Helium is a more efficient cryogen than nitrogen, and for macromolecular data collection at high-flux beamlines will deliver lower temperatures. An open-flow helium cryostat developed at the University of Toledo (the Pinkerton Device) has been used for macromolecular data collection. This device differs from standard commercial He cryostats by having a much narrower aperture providing a high velocity stream of He around the crystal that maximizes convective and conductive heat exchange between the crystal and the cryogen. This paper details a series of experiments conducted at the IMCA-CAT 17ID beamline using one crystal for each experimental condition to examine whether helium at 16 K provided better radiation-damage abatement compared with nitrogen at 100 K. These studies used matched high-quality crystals (0.94 A diffraction resolution) of D-xylose isomerase derived from the commercial material Gensweet SGI. Comparisons show that helium indeed abates the indicators of radiation damage, in this case resulting in longer crystal diffractive lifetimes. The overall trend suggests that crystals maintain order and that high-resolution data are less affected by increased radiation load when crystals are cooled with He rather than N(2). This is probably the result of a lower effective temperature at the crystal with concomitant reduction in free-radical diffusion. Other features, such as an apparent phase transition in macromolecular crystals at lower temperatures, require investigation to broaden the utility of He use. JF - Journal of synchrotron radiation AU - Hanson, B Leif AU - Harp, Joel M AU - Kirschbaum, Kristin AU - Schall, Constance A AU - DeWitt, Ken AU - Howard, Andrew AU - Pinkerton, A Alan AU - Bunick, Gerard J AD - University of Tennessee Oak Ridge Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, PO Box 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8080, USA. blm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/11/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 01 SP - 375 EP - 381 VL - 9 SN - 0909-0495, 0909-0495 KW - Metronidazole KW - 140QMO216E KW - Helium KW - 206GF3GB41 KW - Xylose KW - A1TA934AKO KW - Aldose-Ketose Isomerases KW - EC 5.3.1.- KW - xylose isomerase KW - EC 5.3.1.5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Crystallization KW - Animals KW - Scattering, Radiation KW - X-Ray Diffraction KW - Metronidazole -- radiation effects KW - Humans KW - Cats KW - Cold Temperature KW - Crystallography, X-Ray -- methods KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Aldose-Ketose Isomerases -- radiation effects KW - Xylose -- radiation effects KW - Radiation Injuries -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72646152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+synchrotron+radiation&rft.atitle=Experiments+testing+the+abatement+of+radiation+damage+in+D-xylose+isomerase+crystals+with+cryogenic+helium.&rft.au=Hanson%2C+B+Leif%3BHarp%2C+Joel+M%3BKirschbaum%2C+Kristin%3BSchall%2C+Constance+A%3BDeWitt%2C+Ken%3BHoward%2C+Andrew%3BPinkerton%2C+A+Alan%3BBunick%2C+Gerard+J&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+synchrotron+radiation&rft.issn=09090495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-07 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental and theoretical study of pressure effects on hydrogen isotope fractionation in the system brucite-water at elevated temperatures AN - 52042695; 2003-002565 AB - A detailed, systematic experimental and theoretical study was conducted to investigate the effect of pressure on equilibrium D/H fractionation between brucite (Mg(OH) (sub 2) ) and water at temperatures from 200 to 600 degrees C and pressures up to 800 MPa. A fine-grained brucite was isotopically exchanged with excess amounts of water, and equilibrium D/H fractionation factors were calculated by means of the partial isotope exchange method. Our experiments unambiguously demonstrated that the D/H fractionation factor between brucite and water increased by 4.4 to 12.4 per mil with increasing pressure to 300 or 800 MPa at all the temperatures investigated. The observed increases are linear with the density of water under experimental conditions. We calculated the pressure effects on the reduced partition function ratios (beta -factor) of brucite (300-800 K and P< or =800 MPa) and water (400-600 degrees C and P< or =100 MPa), employing a statistical-mechanical method similar to that developed by and a simple thermodynamic method based on the molar volumes of normal and heavy waters, respectively. Our theoretical calculations showed that the reduced partition function ratio of brucite increases linearly with pressure at a given temperature (as much as 12.6 per mil at 300 K and 800 MPa). The magnitude of the pressure effects rapidly decreases with increasing temperature. On the other hand, the beta -factor of water decreases 4 to 5 per mil with increasing pressure to 100 MPa at 400 to 600 degrees C. Overall D/H isotope pressure effects combined from the separate calculations on brucite and water are in excellent agreement with the experimental results under the same temperature-pressure range. Our calculations also suggest that under the current experimental conditions, the magnitude of the isotope pressure effects is much larger on water than brucite. Thus, the observed pressure effects on D/H fractionation are common to other systems involving water. It is very likely that under some geologic conditions, pressure is an important variable in controlling D/H partitioning. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Horita, Juske AU - Cole, David R AU - Polyakov, Veniamin B AU - Driesner, Thomas AU - Candela, Philip A Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 3769 EP - 3788 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 21 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - isotope fractionation KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - mineral-water interface KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - partitioning KW - theoretical studies KW - brucite KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - oxides KW - deuterium KW - high temperature KW - P-T conditions KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52042695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Experimental+and+theoretical+study+of+pressure+effects+on+hydrogen+isotope+fractionation+in+the+system+brucite-water+at+elevated+temperatures&rft.au=Horita%2C+Juske%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BPolyakov%2C+Veniamin+B%3BDriesner%2C+Thomas%3BCandela%2C+Philip+A&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=Juske&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=3769&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900887-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brucite; D/H; deuterium; experimental studies; high temperature; hydrogen; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; mineral-water interface; oxides; P-T conditions; partitioning; pressure; stable isotopes; temperature; theoretical studies; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00887-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical evolution of seawater during the Phanerozoic; implications from the record of marine evaporites AN - 52038061; 2003-002563 AB - The chemical evolution of seawater during the Phanerozoic is still a matter of debate. We have assembled and critically analyzed the available data for the composition of fluid inclusions in marine halite and for the mineralogy of marine evaporites. The composition of fluid inclusions in primary marine halite reveals two major long-term cycles in the chemistry of seawater during the past 600 myr. The concentration of Mg (super 2+) , Ca (super 2+) , and SO (sub 4) (super 2-) has varied quite dramatically. The Mg (super 2+) concentration in seawater during most of the early Paleozoic and Jurassic to Cretaceous was as low as 30 to 40 mmol/kg H (sub 2) O; it reached maximum values > or =50 mmol/kg H (sub 2) O during the Late Neoproterozoic and Permian. The Ca (super 2+) concentration in seawater during the Phanerozoic has reached maximum values two to three times greater than the concentration in seawater today (10.6 mmol/kg H (sub 2) O), whereas SO (sub 4) (super 2-) concentrations may have been as low as 5 to 10 mmol/kg H (sub 2) O (a third to a fifth of the modern value) during the Jurassic and Early Paleozoic. The Mg (super 2+) /Ca (super 2+) ratio in seawater ranged from 1 to 1.5 during the early to middle Paleozoic and Jurassic-Cretaceous to a near-modern value of 5.2 during the Late Neoproterozoic and Permian. This change in seawater Mg (super 2+) /Ca (super 2+) ratio is consistent with the notion of alternating "calcite-aragonite seas" recorded in oolites and marine carbonate cements. Several models have been proposed to explain the chemical evolution of seawater. These have invoked significant changes in one or more of the major geochemical processes that control the composition of seawater. The pattern and magnitude of the variations in the composition of seawater proposed in this study are similar to those proposed elsewhere that suggest that seawater fluxes through midocean ridges have played a major role in the evolution of seawater during the past 600 myr. Two Phanerozoic supercycles of the Earth's exogenic processes were recognized in the literature that are caused by mantle convection and plate activity. The composition of seawater has apparently undergone dramatic secular changes in phase with these supercycles and as a consequence of biological evolution. Analyses of fluid inclusions containing unevaporated seawater and a better understanding of the processes that affect the composition of seawater are needed to refine our understanding of the history of Phanerozoic seawater. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Horita, Juske AU - Zimmermann, Heide AU - Holland, Heinrich D AU - Candela, Philip A Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 3733 EP - 3756 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 21 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - halides KW - cycles KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - sea water KW - paleo-oceanography KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - major elements KW - inclusions KW - chlorides KW - depositional environment KW - geochemistry KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - sulfate ion KW - modern analogs KW - secular variations KW - Paleozoic KW - hydrochemistry KW - evaporites KW - Mesozoic KW - halite KW - models KW - Phanerozoic KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - fluid inclusions KW - reconstruction KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52038061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Chemical+evolution+of+seawater+during+the+Phanerozoic%3B+implications+from+the+record+of+marine+evaporites&rft.au=Horita%2C+Juske%3BZimmermann%2C+Heide%3BHolland%2C+Heinrich+D%3BCandela%2C+Philip+A&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=Juske&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=3733&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2801%2900884-5 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 101 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; calcium; Cenozoic; chemically precipitated rocks; chlorides; concentration; cycles; depositional environment; evaporites; fluid inclusions; geochemistry; halides; halite; hydrochemistry; inclusions; magnesium; major elements; marine environment; Mesozoic; metals; models; modern analogs; paleo-oceanography; Paleozoic; Phanerozoic; reconstruction; sea water; secular variations; sedimentary rocks; sulfate ion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00884-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of unsaturated flow along preferential pathways; implications for the use of mass balance calculations for isotope storm hydrograph separation AN - 52036756; 2003-005573 AB - An objective common to many watershed studies is to separate storm hydrographs into two components: water that was present in the watershed prior to a storm event (soil moisture and groundwater) and water which fell on the watershed during the storm. To use this approach, a number of assumptions must be made including that the composition of water in the soil moisture and groundwater reservoirs are constant and known. The objective of this paper is to show that in settings where flow and transport are dominated by preferential pathways for flow, steady state mass balance calculations for quantitative hydrograph separation may be in error. We present field data from a site where flow and transport are dominated by preferential pathways (relict fractures in saprolite of sedimentary rocks) which indicate that the delta (super 18) O content of the water in the unsaturated and shallow saturated zones is not constant over the course of a storm event. We use a numerical model to further explore the interactions between the fractures and surrounding matrix. Both the field data and modeling results indicate that the delta (super 18) O of the previous storm event(s) has a strong influence on water in the fractures. On the time scale of a storm event, only the water in the matrix immediately surrounding the fracture mixes with water in the fracture, while the bulk of the matrix is isolated from fracture flow. The spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the delta (super 18) O in the subsurface and the isolation of the most of the matrix water from flow in fractures make the measurement of a singular delta (super 18) O value for subsurface reservoirs problematic and the assumption of a constant value doubtful. Since most near-surface geologic materials have preferential flow paths, we suggest that quantitative hydrograph separation using mass balance techniques is not possible in most situations. Future field and modeling investigations using the approach outlined here could be designed to explore the important temporal and spatial scales of variability in watersheds, and lead to a more quantitative approach to storm hydrograph separation. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Van der Hoven, S J AU - Solomon, D K AU - Moline, G R Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 214 EP - 233 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 268 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - cycles KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - moisture KW - data processing KW - watersheds KW - unsaturated zone KW - stormwater KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - preferential flow KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - sedimentary rocks KW - hydrographs KW - mass balance KW - digital simulation KW - Tennessee KW - hydrodynamics KW - water regimes KW - storms KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - shale KW - isotope ratios KW - alkali metals KW - O-18/O-16 KW - sodium KW - hydrochemistry KW - saprolite KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - carbonate rocks KW - clastic rocks KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52036756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+unsaturated+flow+along+preferential+pathways%3B+implications+for+the+use+of+mass+balance+calculations+for+isotope+storm+hydrograph+separation&rft.au=Van+der+Hoven%2C+S+J%3BSolomon%2C+D+K%3BMoline%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Van+der+Hoven&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=268&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=214&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; atmospheric precipitation; carbonate rocks; clastic rocks; cycles; data processing; digital simulation; field studies; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; hydrodynamics; hydrographs; hydrology; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass balance; metals; moisture; numerical models; O-18/O-16; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; oxygen; preferential flow; Roane County Tennessee; saprolite; sedimentary rocks; shale; sodium; soils; stable isotopes; storms; stormwater; Tennessee; theoretical models; United States; unsaturated zone; water regimes; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and chemistry of grain boundaries in deformed, olivine + basalt and partially molten lherzolite aggregates; evidence of melt-free grain boundaries AN - 52020334; 2003-020612 AB - The olivine grain boundaries were analysed with various EM techniques to test for the presence of thin (0.5-10 nm) intergranular melt films. High-resolution TEM (HRTEM) observations reveal that most of the boundaries do not contain a thin amorphous phase, although a small fraction of grains are separated by relatively thick ( approximately 1 mu m) layers of melt. However, due to the anisotropy of the olivine--melt interfacial energy, melt often tapers from a triple junction into an adjoining grain boundary over a length of 1-2 mu m, giving an effective dihedral angle of only approximately 2 degrees . The chemistry of olivine-olivine grain boundaries was analysed using energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) profiling by scanning TEM (STEM) with a probe size of < 1.5 nm. Ca, Al and Ti segregate to grain boundaries forming enriched regions of < 7 nm width. Although these elements are concentrated in the glass phases, the presence of glass films with the same chemical composition as the bulk glass phases cannot explain concentrations of other elements such as Si and Al at the boundaries. Combined with the HRTEM results, the STEM/EDX profiling demonstrates the existence of chemical segregation between solid grains but the absence of thin, grain boundary melt films. Additionally, if melt films exist along all of the grain boundaries, as reported for similar samples by other groups, the rock should be substantially weakened. Creep experiments on the partially molten rocks analysed in this study reveal little weakening at small melt contents, consistent with the observations of melt-free grain boundaries. JF - Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology AU - Hiraga, T AU - Anderson, I M AU - Zimmerman, M E AU - Mei, S AU - Kohlstedt, D L Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 163 EP - 175 PB - Springer International, Heidelberg-New York VL - 144 IS - 2 SN - 0010-7999, 0010-7999 KW - silicates KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - structural analysis KW - olivine group KW - ultramafics KW - lherzolite KW - nesosilicates KW - plutonic rocks KW - mineral composition KW - grain boundaries KW - olivine KW - basalts KW - peridotites KW - orthosilicates KW - petrography KW - chemical composition KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52020334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contributions+to+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.atitle=Structure+and+chemistry+of+grain+boundaries+in+deformed%2C+olivine+%2B+basalt+and+partially+molten+lherzolite+aggregates%3B+evidence+of+melt-free+grain+boundaries&rft.au=Hiraga%2C+T%3BAnderson%2C+I+M%3BZimmerman%2C+M+E%3BMei%2C+S%3BKohlstedt%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Hiraga&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contributions+to+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.issn=00107999&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00410-002-0394-1 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(zmx2wiu4y01pcgigj5i3jxf5)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100406,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMPEAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; chemical composition; grain boundaries; igneous rocks; lherzolite; mineral composition; nesosilicates; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; peridotites; petrography; plutonic rocks; silicates; structural analysis; ultramafics; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-002-0394-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adsorption, sequestration, and bioaccessibility of As(V) in soils AN - 51849560; 2004-038178 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Yang, Jae-Kyu AU - Barnett, Mark O AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Basta, Nicholas T AU - Casteel, Stan W Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 4562 EP - 4569 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 36 IS - 21 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - oxidation KW - statistical analysis KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite method KW - adsorption KW - drinking water KW - iron KW - ferrous iron KW - bioaccumulation KW - mineral composition KW - metals KW - chemical properties KW - chemical composition KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51849560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Adsorption%2C+sequestration%2C+and+bioaccessibility+of+As%28V%29+in+soils&rft.au=Yang%2C+Jae-Kyu%3BBarnett%2C+Mark+O%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BBasta%2C+Nicholas+T%3BCasteel%2C+Stan+W&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Jae-Kyu&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=4562&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; arsenic; bioaccumulation; bioavailability; chemical composition; chemical properties; citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite method; concentration; drinking water; ferrous iron; iron; metals; mineral composition; oxidation; pollution; soils; statistical analysis; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Condensed layer ion positions at the rutile(110)-water interface with high brilliance X-rays AN - 51703657; 2005-040452 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Zhang, Zhan AU - Fenter, Paul A AU - Cheng, Likwan AU - Sturchio, Neil C AU - Park, Changyong AU - Bedzyk, Michael J AU - Machesky, Mike L AU - Anovitz, Larry M AU - Wesolowski, Dave J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - zinc KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - physicochemical properties KW - mineral-water interface KW - adsorption KW - ions KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - rutile KW - X-ray analysis KW - oxides KW - strontium KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51703657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Condensed+layer+ion+positions+at+the+rutile%28110%29-water+interface+with+high+brilliance+X-rays&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Zhan%3BFenter%2C+Paul+A%3BCheng%2C+Likwan%3BSturchio%2C+Neil+C%3BPark%2C+Changyong%3BBedzyk%2C+Michael+J%3BMachesky%2C+Mike+L%3BAnovitz%2C+Larry+M%3BWesolowski%2C+Dave+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Zhan&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkaline earth metals; experimental studies; ions; laboratory studies; metals; mineral-water interface; oxides; physicochemical properties; rutile; strontium; X-ray analysis; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption of Zn(II) and Co(II) on rutile surfaces from 25 to 250 degrees centigrade by pH titrations; impact of X-ray standing wave (XSW) and EXAFS studies on electrical double layer models AN - 51700543; 2005-040453 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Zhang, Zhan AU - Benezeth, Pascale AU - Fenter, Paul A AU - Sturchio, Neil C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - zinc KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - cobalt KW - physicochemical properties KW - mineral-water interface KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - rutile KW - EXAFS data KW - X-ray analysis KW - oxides KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51700543?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Sorption+of+Zn%28II%29+and+Co%28II%29+on+rutile+surfaces+from+25+to+250+degrees+centigrade+by+pH+titrations%3B+impact+of+X-ray+standing+wave+%28XSW%29+and+EXAFS+studies+on+electrical+double+layer+models&rft.au=Wesolowski%2C+David+J%3BMachesky%2C+Michael+L%3BZhang%2C+Zhan%3BBenezeth%2C+Pascale%3BFenter%2C+Paul+A%3BSturchio%2C+Neil+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wesolowski&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1396&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cobalt; EXAFS data; experimental studies; laboratory studies; metals; mineral-water interface; oxides; pH; physicochemical properties; rutile; sorption; X-ray analysis; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The utility of in situ X-ray standing wave measurements to help constrain surface complexation models AN - 51700434; 2005-040454 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Zhang, Zhan AU - Fenter, Paul A AU - Sturchio, Neil C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - physicochemical properties KW - complexing KW - mineral-water interface KW - adsorption KW - ions KW - models KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - rutile KW - X-ray analysis KW - oxides KW - strontium KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51700434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+utility+of+in+situ+X-ray+standing+wave+measurements+to+help+constrain+surface+complexation+models&rft.au=Machesky%2C+Michael+L%3BRidley%2C+Moira+K%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BZhang%2C+Zhan%3BFenter%2C+Paul+A%3BSturchio%2C+Neil+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Machesky&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1396&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkaline earth metals; complexing; experimental studies; ions; laboratory studies; metals; mineral-water interface; models; oxides; physicochemical properties; rutile; strontium; X-ray analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiative effects of volcanic aerosols and clouds on terrestrial photosynthesis AN - 51681294; 2005-061379 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Gu, Lianhong AU - Post, Mac AU - Baldocchi, Dennis AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - photosynthesis KW - Luzon KW - terrestrial environment KW - Far East KW - isotopes KW - El Chichon KW - stable isotopes KW - carbon dioxide KW - Mount Pinatubo KW - carbon KW - ecology KW - Asia KW - clouds KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - photochemistry KW - atmosphere KW - geochemical cycle KW - Mexico KW - Philippine Islands KW - eruptions KW - volcanoes KW - sulfur KW - aerosols KW - carbon cycle KW - Chiapas Mexico KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51681294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Radiative+effects+of+volcanic+aerosols+and+clouds+on+terrestrial+photosynthesis&rft.au=Gu%2C+Lianhong%3BPost%2C+Mac%3BBaldocchi%2C+Dennis%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Lianhong&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; Asia; atmosphere; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; Chiapas Mexico; clouds; ecology; El Chichon; eruptions; Far East; geochemical cycle; isotope ratios; isotopes; Luzon; Mexico; Mount Pinatubo; Philippine Islands; photochemistry; photosynthesis; stable isotopes; sulfur; terrestrial environment; volcanoes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Grain boundary chemistry in mantle rocks AN - 51664440; 2005-072863 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hiraga, Takehiko AU - Anderson, Ian M AU - Kohlstedt, David L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1458 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - segregation KW - Hawaii Island KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - natural materials KW - mantle KW - olivine group KW - Europe KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - plutonic rocks KW - ultramylonite KW - grain boundaries KW - olivine KW - metamorphic rocks KW - basalts KW - orthosilicates KW - Kilauea KW - geochemistry KW - synthetic materials KW - Hawaii County Hawaii KW - physicochemical properties KW - Hawaii KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - mylonites KW - Ivrea-Verbano Zone KW - ultramafics KW - nesosilicates KW - peridotites KW - Oceania KW - Polynesia KW - phenocrysts KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51664440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Grain+boundary+chemistry+in+mantle+rocks&rft.au=Hiraga%2C+Takehiko%3BAnderson%2C+Ian+M%3BKohlstedt%2C+David+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hiraga&rft.aufirst=Takehiko&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=1458&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; East Pacific Ocean Islands; Europe; geochemistry; grain boundaries; Hawaii; Hawaii County Hawaii; Hawaii Island; igneous rocks; Italy; Ivrea-Verbano Zone; Kilauea; mantle; metamorphic rocks; mylonites; natural materials; nesosilicates; Oceania; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; peridotites; phenocrysts; physicochemical properties; plutonic rocks; Polynesia; segregation; silicates; Southern Europe; synthetic materials; ultramafics; ultramylonite; United States; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Witwatersrand deep microbiology project; observations pertaining to hypothetical microbial ecosystems beneath the surface of Mars AN - 51621176; 2006-017895 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Onstott, T C AU - Lin, L AU - Hall, J AU - Mislowac, B AU - Borscik, M AU - Pfiffner, S AU - White, D C AU - Peacock, A AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Brockman, F AU - Moser, D P AU - Gihring, T M AU - Phelps, T J AU - Kieft, T AU - McCuddy, S AU - Sherwood-Lollar, B AU - Ward, J AU - Slater, G AU - Pratt, L M AU - Boice, E AU - Fong, J AU - Lippmann, J AU - Stute, M AU - Schloeser, P AU - Boone, D AU - Bonin, A AU - Southam, G AU - Lengke, M AU - Balkwill, D AU - Trimarco, E AU - Macko, S AU - Gilhooly, B AU - Baker, B AU - van Heerden, E AU - Litthaur, D AU - Knoessen, S AU - Rey, C AU - Davidson, M AU - Muthraparsad, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - isotopes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - astrobiology KW - Mars KW - life origin KW - noble gases KW - carbon KW - South Africa KW - organic carbon KW - Witwatersrand KW - mines KW - methane KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - alkanes KW - depth KW - gases KW - terrestrial planets KW - planets KW - organic compounds KW - hydrogen KW - Southern Africa KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - DNA KW - Africa KW - terrestrial comparison KW - microorganisms KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51621176?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+Witwatersrand+deep+microbiology+project%3B+observations+pertaining+to+hypothetical+microbial+ecosystems+beneath+the+surface+of+Mars&rft.au=Onstott%2C+T+C%3BLin%2C+L%3BHall%2C+J%3BMislowac%2C+B%3BBorscik%2C+M%3BPfiffner%2C+S%3BWhite%2C+D+C%3BPeacock%2C+A%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BBrockman%2C+F%3BMoser%2C+D+P%3BGihring%2C+T+M%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BKieft%2C+T%3BMcCuddy%2C+S%3BSherwood-Lollar%2C+B%3BWard%2C+J%3BSlater%2C+G%3BPratt%2C+L+M%3BBoice%2C+E%3BFong%2C+J%3BLippmann%2C+J%3BStute%2C+M%3BSchloeser%2C+P%3BBoone%2C+D%3BBonin%2C+A%3BSoutham%2C+G%3BLengke%2C+M%3BBalkwill%2C+D%3BTrimarco%2C+E%3BMacko%2C+S%3BGilhooly%2C+B%3BBaker%2C+B%3Bvan+Heerden%2C+E%3BLitthaur%2C+D%3BKnoessen%2C+S%3BRey%2C+C%3BDavidson%2C+M%3BMuthraparsad%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Onstott&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; astrobiology; bacteria; biochemistry; carbon; depth; DNA; gases; geomicrobiology; hydrocarbons; hydrogen; isotopes; life origin; Mars; methane; microorganisms; mines; noble gases; organic carbon; organic compounds; planets; South Africa; Southern Africa; terrestrial comparison; terrestrial planets; Witwatersrand ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In-situ microbial cultivation in a South African gold mine AN - 51591980; 2006-039909 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Mislowack, Bianca J AU - Onstott, Tullis C AU - Lin, Li-Hung AU - Davidson, Mark M AU - Pray, Thomas J AU - Ralston, Colin AU - Roberts, Peter AU - Kieft, Tom L AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - mines KW - biodegradation KW - sulfate ion KW - in situ KW - isotopes KW - phylogeny KW - isotope ratios KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - S-34/S-32 KW - decontamination KW - Southern Africa KW - bacteria KW - sulfur KW - anaerobic environment KW - Africa KW - South Africa KW - reduction KW - chemical composition KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51591980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=In-situ+microbial+cultivation+in+a+South+African+gold+mine&rft.au=Mislowack%2C+Bianca+J%3BOnstott%2C+Tullis+C%3BLin%2C+Li-Hung%3BDavidson%2C+Mark+M%3BPray%2C+Thomas+J%3BRalston%2C+Colin%3BRoberts%2C+Peter%3BKieft%2C+Tom+L%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mislowack&rft.aufirst=Bianca&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; anaerobic environment; bacteria; biodegradation; chemical composition; decontamination; ground water; in situ; isotope ratios; isotopes; microorganisms; mines; phylogeny; pollution; reduction; S-34/S-32; South Africa; Southern Africa; stable isotopes; sulfate ion; sulfur; surface water; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patterns in stream respiration and primary production along a gradient of upland soil and vegetation disturbance AN - 51536029; 2006-076677 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Houser, J N AU - Mulholland, P J AU - Maloney, K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - respiration KW - hydrology KW - Fort Benning KW - stream transport KW - Muscogee County Georgia KW - erosion KW - watersheds KW - suspended materials KW - vegetation KW - nutrients KW - spatial variations KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - ecology KW - seasonal variations KW - Georgia KW - soil erosion KW - military facilities KW - productivity KW - Columbus Georgia KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51536029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Patterns+in+stream+respiration+and+primary+production+along+a+gradient+of+upland+soil+and+vegetation+disturbance&rft.au=Houser%2C+J+N%3BMulholland%2C+P+J%3BMaloney%2C+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Houser&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+suppl.&rft.spage=F293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Columbus Georgia; drainage basins; ecology; erosion; Fort Benning; Georgia; hydrology; military facilities; Muscogee County Georgia; nutrients; productivity; respiration; seasonal variations; sediments; soil erosion; soils; spatial variations; stream transport; suspended materials; United States; vegetation; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metal reduction and mineral formation by an alkaliphilic Fe(III)-reducing bacterium isolated from an alkaline leachate pond AN - 51533464; 2006-080346 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Ye, Qi AU - Roh, Yul AU - Zhang, Chuanlun AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Fields, Matthew M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 247 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - reclamation KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ferric iron KW - algal mats KW - leachate KW - alkalinity KW - reduction KW - sedimentary structures KW - Eh KW - biomineralization KW - toxic materials KW - biogenic structures KW - biochemistry KW - alkali metals KW - solubility KW - sodium KW - bioremediation KW - algal structures KW - phosphate ion KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - boron KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51533464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Metal+reduction+and+mineral+formation+by+an+alkaliphilic+Fe%28III%29-reducing+bacterium+isolated+from+an+alkaline+leachate+pond&rft.au=Ye%2C+Qi%3BRoh%2C+Yul%3BZhang%2C+Chuanlun%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong%3BFields%2C+Matthew+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ye&rft.aufirst=Qi&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algal mats; algal structures; alkali metals; alkalinity; bacteria; biochemistry; biogenic processes; biogenic structures; biomineralization; bioremediation; boron; Eh; ferric iron; iron; leachate; metals; phosphate ion; reclamation; reduction; remediation; sedimentary structures; sodium; solubility; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S./South African undergraduate education and research workshops AN - 51533396; 2006-080397 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Coleman, K M AU - Nolan, J R AU - Davis, K L AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Kieft, T L AU - van Heerden, E AU - Litthauer, D AU - Pfiffner, S M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - programs KW - technology KW - biochemistry KW - international cooperation KW - education KW - research KW - geology KW - college-level education KW - educational resources KW - Southern Africa KW - Africa KW - ecology KW - South Africa KW - water resources KW - biology KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51533396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=U.S.%2FSouth+African+undergraduate+education+and+research+workshops&rft.au=Coleman%2C+K+M%3BNolan%2C+J+R%3BDavis%2C+K+L%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BKieft%2C+T+L%3Bvan+Heerden%2C+E%3BLitthauer%2C+D%3BPfiffner%2C+S+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Coleman&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; biochemistry; biology; college-level education; ecology; education; educational resources; geology; international cooperation; programs; research; South Africa; Southern Africa; technology; United States; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - TEM study of intergranular fluid distributions in rocks at a nanometer scale AN - 51529108; 2006-086167 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hiraga, T AU - Anderson, I M AU - Kohlstedt, D L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - segregation KW - igneous rocks KW - migration of elements KW - TEM data KW - melts KW - boundary conditions KW - ultramafics KW - rock mechanics KW - plutonic rocks KW - grain boundaries KW - rheology KW - magmas KW - peridotites KW - crust KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51529108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=TEM+study+of+intergranular+fluid+distributions+in+rocks+at+a+nanometer+scale&rft.au=Hiraga%2C+T%3BAnderson%2C+I+M%3BKohlstedt%2C+D+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hiraga&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F600&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; crust; grain boundaries; igneous rocks; magmas; melts; migration of elements; peridotites; plutonic rocks; rheology; rock mechanics; segregation; TEM data; ultramafics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel dynamics with the addition of diffusion to a SOC system AN - 51525638; 2006-088973 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Newman, David E AU - Sanchez, Raul AU - Carreras, B A AU - Ino, K AU - Woodard, Ryan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 654 EP - 655 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - systems KW - diffusion KW - self-organization KW - triggering KW - mechanism KW - relaxation KW - criticality KW - transport KW - dynamics KW - mass movements KW - self-organized criticality KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51525638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Novel+dynamics+with+the+addition+of+diffusion+to+a+SOC+system&rft.au=Newman%2C+David+E%3BSanchez%2C+Raul%3BCarreras%2C+B+A%3BIno%2C+K%3BWoodard%2C+Ryan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=654&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - criticality; diffusion; dynamics; earthquakes; mass movements; mechanism; relaxation; self-organization; self-organized criticality; systems; transport; triggering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Re-thinking the contradictions of soil moisture spatial variability AN - 51524298; 2006-088964 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Peters-Lidard, Christa D AU - Pan, Feifei AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 653 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - scale factor KW - hydrology KW - spatial variations KW - topography KW - moisture KW - dehydration KW - distribution KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51524298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Re-thinking+the+contradictions+of+soil+moisture+spatial+variability&rft.au=Peters-Lidard%2C+Christa+D%3BPan%2C+Feifei%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Peters-Lidard&rft.aufirst=Christa&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dehydration; distribution; hydrology; moisture; pore water; scale factor; soils; spatial variations; topography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New features of rescaled range analysis of the running sandpile with applications to geophysical systems AN - 51524130; 2006-088954 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Woodard, Ryan AU - Newman, D E AU - Sanchez, R AU - Carreras, B A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 651 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - scale factor KW - criticality KW - sandpile KW - power law KW - self-organization KW - seismicity KW - geophysical methods KW - applications KW - earthquakes KW - faults KW - geophysics KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51524130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=New+features+of+rescaled+range+analysis+of+the+running+sandpile+with+applications+to+geophysical+systems&rft.au=Woodard%2C+Ryan%3BNewman%2C+D+E%3BSanchez%2C+R%3BCarreras%2C+B+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Woodard&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=651&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; criticality; earthquakes; faults; geophysical methods; geophysics; power law; sandpile; scale factor; seismicity; self-organization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of point source removal on mercury bioaccumulation in an industrial pond AN - 16144764; 5524437 AB - A one hectare pond on the headwaters of a mercury-contaminated creek in Oak Ridge, Tennessee acted as a biochemical reactor for the production of methylmercury, increasing waterborne methylmercury concentrations in the stream below the pond discharge. The flow of the creek was diverted around the pond in order to eliminate this input. Waterborne total mercury, methylmercury, and mercury in fish, were monitored in the pond and stream before and after bypass. Waterborne methylmercury concentration in the creek downstream from the pond decreased over 80% following diversion of streamflow around the pond, but mercury in redbreast sunfish in the pond tailwater did not decline similarly. Within the pond, now isolated from fresh waterborne mercury inputs from the stream, methylmercury concentrations in the water column remained similar to levels present before bypass. However, mercury concentrations in sunfish in the pond decreased approximately 75% following bypass, despite the continued presence of highly contaminated sediments (approximately 50 mg Hg/kg dry weight). We concluded that a decrease in the fraction of 'dissolved methylmercury' in the isolated pond relative to pre-bypass conditions explained the decrease in mercury in fish within the pond. That observation also indicates that mercury associated with pond sediments was relatively unavailable for eventual bioaccumulation when compared to 'fresh' mercury contributed by upstream sources. The lack of a post-bypass decrease in mercury concentrations in tailwater fish was also likely to be associated with the particle-associated nature of waterborne methylmercury exported from the pond. JF - Chemosphere AU - Southworth, G R AU - Peterson, MJ AU - Bogle, MA AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, MS 6036, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, southworthgr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - Nov 2002 SP - 455 EP - 460 VL - 49 IS - 5 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Water Pollution Sources KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Heavy metals KW - Freshwater fish KW - Streams KW - Ponds KW - Industrial sites KW - Water Pollution Control KW - Bioreactors KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Mercury-197 KW - Data Collections KW - Methylmercury KW - Fate of Pollutants KW - Fish (see also Individual groups) KW - Aquatic environment KW - Stream flow KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Mercury KW - Fish KW - Biological reactors (see also Individual systems) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16144764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Effect+of+point+source+removal+on+mercury+bioaccumulation+in+an+industrial+pond&rft.au=Southworth%2C+G+R%3BPeterson%2C+MJ%3BBogle%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Southworth&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioaccumulation; Heavy metals; Mercury; Aquatic environment; Industrial sites; Ponds; Methylmercury; Bioreactors; Freshwater fish; Streams; Fish (see also Individual groups); Mercury-197; Biological reactors (see also Individual systems); Stream flow; Water Pollution Control; Path of Pollutants; Water Pollution Sources; Fate of Pollutants; Sediment Contamination; Fish; Data Collections ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response to landscape disturbance; an ecologic overview AN - 52004146; 2003-029091 AB - Landscape disturbances can have significant impacts yet seldom are included in management plans. Although this neglect may stem from relative unfamiliarity with a kind of event that rarely occurs in the experience or jurisdiction of individual managers, it may also reflect the assumption that landscape disturbances are so large and powerful as to be beyond the ability of managers to affect. However, some landscape disturbances can be influenced by management, and for many others, the resilience or recovery of the system disrupted by the disturbance can be influenced to meet management goals. Such results can be achieved through advanced planning that allow for disturbances, whether caused by natural events, human activities, or a combination of the two. Management plans for disturbances may adopt a variety of goals depending on the nature of the system and the nature of the anticipated disturbance regime. Managers can choose to influence 1) the system prior to the disturbance, 2) the disturbance itself, 3) the system after the disturbance, or 4) the recovery process. Prior to the disturbance, the system can be managed in ways that alter its vulnerability or change how it will respond to a disturbance. The disturbance can be managed through no action, preventive measures, or manipulations that can affect the intensity or frequency of the disturbance. Recovery efforts can focus on either managing the state of the system immediately after the disturbance or managing the ongoing process of recovery. This review of the management implications of landscape disturbances suggests that management actions should be tailored to particular disturbance characteristics and management goals. Management actions should foster survival of residuals and spatial heterogeneity that promote the desired recovery pattern and process. Most importantly, however, management plans need to recognize disturbances and include the potential for such disturbances to occur. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 47 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - human activity KW - land management KW - ecology KW - landscapes KW - preventive measures KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52004146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Response+to+landscape+disturbance%3B+an+ecologic+overview&rft.au=Dale%2C+Virginia+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ecology; human activity; land management; landscapes; preventive measures ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of nanoscale porosity on the structure and dynamics of fluids AN - 51865058; 2004-021246 AB - Hydrocarbons, aqueous solutions, and gaseous species (e.g. CO2, CH4) can occupy the pores or fractures of numerous types of complex heterogeneous solids. The size, distribution and connectivity of these confined geometries, the chemistry of the solid, the chemistry of the fluids and their physical properties collectively dictate how fluids migrate into and through these micro- and nano-environments, wet and ultimately react with the solid surfaces. In order to assess key features of the fluid-matrix interaction at the nanoscale, a multidisciplinary approach was taken that employed neutron and X-ray scattering, simulations, and thermodynamic measurements to quantitatively describe the molecular properties of pure water, aqueous electrolytes and simple hydrocarbons confined to well-characterized porous media that serve as analogues to natural materials. Results have been obtained in four separate, but interrelated areas. Various types of microscopy (SEM; TEM) and scattering (SAXS, SANS) have been used to characterize a number of porous silicas, carbon fiber monoliths, zeolites and clays prior to interaction with fluids. Water adsorption/desoprtion isotherms have been determined on these materials up to 200 degrees C. FTIR, NMR and QENS spectra have been obtained on water and, in the case of QENS, on electrolyte solutions (LiCl, CaCl2, NdCl3) confined in silica pore glass. Our simulation (GCMC) effort thus far has focused on the behavior of water in slit pores geometries composed of either carbon or mica. These studies conducted in concert are providing an understanding at the molecular level of how intrinsically different fluids behave in confined geometries compared to bulk systems. If properly calibrated and scaled, an atomistic or molecular understanding of fluid-solid interaction may provide quantitative insight into the behavior of systems at the macroscopic scale. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Cole, David R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 118 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - methane KW - matrix KW - connectivity KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - electrolytes KW - aqueous solutions KW - alkanes KW - simulation KW - TEM data KW - porosity KW - infrared spectra KW - geometry KW - carbon dioxide KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - X-ray data KW - quantitative analysis KW - hydrocarbons KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - SEM data KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51865058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Influence+of+nanoscale+porosity+on+the+structure+and+dynamics+of+fluids&rft.au=Cole%2C+David+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aqueous solutions; carbon dioxide; connectivity; electrolytes; geochemistry; geometry; hydrocarbons; infrared spectra; matrix; methane; organic compounds; physical properties; porosity; quantitative analysis; SEM data; simulation; spectra; TEM data; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Did changes in seawater chemistry play a role in the Cambrian explosion? AN - 51857162; 2004-033282 AB - Analyses of primary fluid inclusions contained in terminal Proterozoic ( approximately 544 Ma, Ara Group, Oman) and Early Cambrian ( approximately 515 Ma, Angarskaya Formation, Siberia) marine chevron halites are indicative of a three-fold increase of seawater Ca (super 2+) concentrations during the Early Cambrian. The fluid inclusion analyses, and accompanying geochemical modeling, indicate that the increase in Ca (super 2+) concentration was accompanied by a decrease in other major ions during the Early Cambrian. Over the same period, SO (sub 4) (super 2-) decreased by up to 85 percent whereas Mg (super 2+) , K (super +) , and Na (super +) decreased 18, 15, and 10 percent, respectively. This increase in the Ca (super 2+) concentration of seawater may have created a chemical environment that was favorable for the onset of the development of calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate skeletons among metazoans. Metazoan diversification began approximately 1000 Ma, but early metazoans were small. Widespread evidence of trace fossils beginning approximately 550 Ma suggests that metazoans became larger and more abundant in the Neoproterozoic. Although fluctuations in the major-ion chemistry of seawater likely occurred many times in the Precambrian, the Early Cambrian was probably the first time metazoans experienced such high concentrations of Ca (super 2+) in seawater. Therefore, we propose that this major pulse in the concentration of Ca (super 2+) in seawater, following the rise of the metazoans, triggered metabolic changes that led to the pervasive biocalcification of the Cambrian Explosion. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Brennan, Sean T AU - Lowenstein, Tim K AU - Horita, Juske AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 170 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - sea water KW - upper Precambrian KW - paleo-oceanography KW - ions KW - Cambrian KW - Siberia KW - inclusions KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - species diversity KW - Neoproterozoic KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sulfate ion KW - Precambrian KW - Paleozoic KW - metabolism KW - Oman KW - Lower Cambrian KW - Angarskaya Formation KW - alkali metals KW - calcification KW - Proterozoic KW - sodium KW - hydrochemistry KW - models KW - Arabian Peninsula KW - speciation KW - metals KW - potassium KW - fluid inclusions KW - Ara Group KW - Metazoa KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 08:General paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51857162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Did+changes+in+seawater+chemistry+play+a+role+in+the+Cambrian+explosion%3F&rft.au=Brennan%2C+Sean+T%3BLowenstein%2C+Tim+K%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brennan&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=170&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; Angarskaya Formation; Ara Group; Arabian Peninsula; Asia; calcification; calcium; Cambrian; fluid inclusions; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; inclusions; ions; Lower Cambrian; magnesium; metabolism; metals; Metazoa; models; Neoproterozoic; Oman; paleo-oceanography; Paleozoic; potassium; Precambrian; Proterozoic; sea water; Siberia; sodium; speciation; species diversity; sulfate ion; upper Precambrian ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption of neodymium versus strontium on rutile surfaces to elevated temperatures AN - 51840223; 2004-044584 AB - The interaction of terminal oxygen atoms on mineral surfaces with natural aqueous solutions results in the hydroxylation of surface sites, which impart a pH-dependent surface charge. The surface charge density (Coulombs per square meter of mineral surface) of a given crystal face varies widely as a function of temperature, pH, and solution composition. Furthermore, the charged mineral surface attracts cations and anions from the bulk solution, influencing phenomena such as mineral nucleation, dissolution and precipitation rates, colloid flocculation, and contaminant transport. Bulk potentiometric surface titrations have become a standard technique for determining surface charge density; in addition, specific ion adsorption studies are also conducted as a function of pH. This presentation will summarize our experimental results characterizing the adsorption of neodymium and strontium ions on rutile surfaces to 250 degrees C. Interest in Nd has been stimulated by its chemical similarity to trivalent actinides, and the need to understand the aqueous geochemistry of rare earths, actinides and radionuclides to predict their fate in the environment. Moreover, the temperature range investigated includes the extremes of natural environments, as well as field conditions associated with high-level radioactive waste storage. Divalent and trivalent cations enhance dramatically the development of negative surface charge on rutile with respect to monovalent electrolyte ions. Moreover, surface charge development increases with increasing temperature and ionic strength. At elevated temperatures adsorbed Sr enhanced the negative surface charge beginning at pH values near the pHznpc, whereas even at 25 degrees C Nd sorbs to the surface well below the pHznpc. Our experimental results will be rationalized with the temperature extended Multisite Complexation model, and complementary x-ray standing wave and crystal truncation rod experiments. The latter experiments suggest that the Sr and Nd ions are adsorbed as an inner-sphere tetradentate complex, within a condensed layer that also includes bound water molecules. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 192 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - flocculation KW - sorption KW - oxygen KW - solutions KW - complexing KW - aqueous solutions KW - solution KW - ions KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - transport KW - oxides KW - rare earths KW - pH KW - water KW - high-level waste KW - alkaline earth metals KW - colloidal materials KW - titration KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - rates KW - potentiometric surface KW - electrolytes KW - adsorption KW - models KW - X-ray data KW - nucleation KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - rutile KW - cations KW - waste disposal KW - neodymium KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51840223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Sorption+of+neodymium+versus+strontium+on+rutile+surfaces+to+elevated+temperatures&rft.au=Ridley%2C+Moira+K%3BMachesky%2C+Michael+L%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; adsorption; alkaline earth metals; aqueous solutions; cations; colloidal materials; complexing; electrolytes; flocculation; high-level waste; ions; metals; models; neodymium; nucleation; oxides; oxygen; pH; pollution; potentiometric surface; precipitation; prediction; radioactive waste; rare earths; rates; rutile; solution; solutions; sorption; strontium; temperature; titration; transport; waste disposal; water; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sourcing turquoise using O and H isotopes AN - 51839427; 2004-044537 AB - The evolution of the turquoise trade played a crucial role in the cultural intensification of social systems along the northern frontier of Mesoamerica and southwestern portions of the United States. Reconstruction of prehistoric southwestern turquoise trade networks depends on accurate knowledge of the sources of materials. Therefore, a method that can distinguish between turquoise source areas is important because once signatures for source areas have been established, artifacts from prehistoric archaeological sites can then be tested and inferences about the organization of their socio-political organization can be evaluated. Despite numerous trace element studies and a few isotopic studies, none have satisfactorily differentiated between all the turquoise source areas that exist in southwestern United States. We use a combination of geologic and a relatively non-destructive isotope analysis method (O and H isotope analyses by ion microprobe) to characterize and differentiate between seven turquoise mining districts in southwestern United States, which are potential source areas. The isotopic composition of O and H atoms in precipitation varies with latitude as well as other factors. Preliminary analyses of turquoise from four mining regions in the southwestern United States indicate that this regional isotopic variation is reflected in the water molecules bound into turquoise. Turquoise from each mining district has a unique O and H isotopic signature. The theoretical basis for this regional variation in the O and H isotopes of turquoise is that rainwater was the solvent forming the turquoise deposit. Thus, the O and H isotopic composition of turquoise is potentially a powerful tool for characterizing and distinguishing between source regions. The analysis of additional turquoise samples from a wide range of sources promises to provide a method to differentiate among the various turquoise sources. If preliminary results are confirmed, a "source fingerprint" will permit archaeologists to identify the sources of turquoise found at sites across the continent and providing new insight into pre-contact trade patterns in North America. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Milford, Homer E AU - Mathien, Frances Joan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 184 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - stable isotopes KW - artifacts KW - spectra KW - trace elements KW - geochemistry KW - rain KW - water KW - archaeology KW - isotope ratios KW - phosphates KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Southwestern U.S. KW - hydrochemistry KW - turquoise KW - archaeological sites KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - reconstruction KW - Central America KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51839427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Sourcing+turquoise+using+O+and+H+isotopes&rft.au=Fayek%2C+Mostafa%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BMilford%2C+Homer+E%3BMathien%2C+Frances+Joan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fayek&rft.aufirst=Mostafa&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - archaeological sites; archaeology; artifacts; atmospheric precipitation; Central America; D/H; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrogen; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; O-18/O-16; oxygen; phosphates; rain; reconstruction; Southwestern U.S.; spectra; stable isotopes; trace elements; turquoise; United States; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydration of Pachuca obsidian; implications for oddSIMS archaeochronometry AN - 51839348; 2004-044539 AB - Obsidian hydration dating has long been high in promise but short on results. Unfortunately, most of our mechanistic understanding of this problem is based on experiments on quenched high temperature melts. Needed polytemporal-polythermal and spectroscopic studies detailing the time evolution of the diffusion profile at low temperatures are rare. Thus, few useful data are available. We have experimentally hydrated obsidian from the Pachuca source (Basin of Mexico) at temperatures from approximately 20-150 degrees C for times ranging from 1 day to over three years, and compared these results with data obtained from the Chalco site in the Basin of Mexico. Samples have been analyzed using SIMS to provide concentration-depth data. Results clearly demonstrate that a simple square-root-of-time model of the evolution of the diffusion profile is not adequate and that the low-temperature hydration process is qualitatively and quantitatively different from that at higher temperatures. Diffusion profile shapes show the effects of concentration- and stress-dependent, non-Fickian diffusion. Extrapolation of high temperature data for hydroxyl and molecular water concentrations suggests that hydroxyl groups should be essentially nonexistent in this temperature range, but their presence is clearly indicated by FTIR. Total oxygen and hydrogen analyses show that the increase in hydrogen in the rim is not accompanied by a detectable increase in oxygen content, and obsidian hydration thus appears to be a hydrogenation process. With progressive hydration, characteristic diffusion coefficients first decrease, then increase with time. Surface concentration increases with time, but at T * 75 degrees C an intermediate plateau is observed. The latter is associated in glassy polymer systems with the build-up and relaxation of self-stress caused by the influx of diffusing material. An intrinsic hydration chronometric technique must, therefore, account for more than simple diffusive processes to be effective. Research sponsored by the Archaeometry Program, National Science Foundation, and by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Elam, J M AU - Riciputi, L R AU - Cole, D R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 184 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - diffusion KW - archaeology KW - volcanic rocks KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - glasses KW - igneous rocks KW - mass spectra KW - Valley of Mexico KW - artifacts KW - temperature KW - Pachuca Mexico KW - infrared spectra KW - hydration KW - Mexico KW - hydration of glass KW - hydrogen KW - obsidian KW - spectra KW - high temperature KW - Hidalgo Mexico KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51839348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Hydration+of+Pachuca+obsidian%3B+implications+for+oddSIMS+archaeochronometry&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+L+M%3BElam%2C+J+M%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - archaeology; artifacts; diffusion; glasses; Hidalgo Mexico; high temperature; hydration; hydration of glass; hydrogen; igneous rocks; infrared spectra; ion probe data; mass spectra; Mexico; obsidian; oxygen; Pachuca Mexico; spectra; temperature; Valley of Mexico; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Profilometer-based study of nanometer- to millimeter-scale growth kinetics of calcite from CO2-rich fluids AN - 51793228; 2004-077444 AB - Two distinctively different methods have been used in the literature to study the precipitation and dissolution of calcium carbonates in aqueous solutions; a) bulk, macroscopic method using powdered carbonates or single crystals with linear growth rates calculated either from the amount of titrants injected or from weight gains, and b) in situ, real-time atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods, which can provide atomic- or nanometer-scale understanding of nucleation and growth of calcite. Thus, these techniques are on the two ends of a spectrum in terms of spatial and temporal resolutions. We have developed a novel method for accurate determination of linear growth rates of calcite with height profiles on the order of tens of nanometers and a linear scanning range of several millimeters, employing a computer-driven stylus-based profilometer. By scanning the same line on the surface of single crystals of calcite before and after experiments, 2-dimensional growth patterns and rates can be obtained as a function of time and solution compositions. Our results at 25 degrees C, pCO2 = 0.1 bar, and degree of supersaturation of 4.5 to 9.3 showed that a) numerous rhombic pits in size ranging from a few to tens of micro-m occurring randomly across the crystal surface bounded by [441] and [481] (AFM), b) uneven growth of calcite on the cleaved surface over a mm range with an average growth rate of 29+ or -17 nm/hr (profilometer), and c) non-uniform coverage by new layers of calcite even within the same cleaved surface (microscope). This study demonstrated the need and utility of 2D and 3D growth rate measurements of calcite and other minerals from an atomic to macroscopic scales. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Horita, Juske AU - Schaaff, T G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 306 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - in situ KW - three-dimensional models KW - structural analysis KW - data processing KW - crystal growth KW - aqueous solutions KW - solution KW - two-dimensional models KW - measurement KW - carbon dioxide KW - calcite KW - profilometers KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - nucleation KW - saturation KW - precipitation KW - foliation KW - kinetics KW - cleavage KW - carbonates KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - P-T conditions KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51793228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Profilometer-based+study+of+nanometer-+to+millimeter-scale+growth+kinetics+of+calcite+from+CO2-rich+fluids&rft.au=Horita%2C+Juske%3BSchaaff%2C+T+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=Juske&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=306&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; aqueous solutions; atomic force microscopy data; calcite; carbon dioxide; carbonates; cleavage; crystal growth; data processing; foliation; in situ; instruments; kinetics; measurement; nucleation; P-T conditions; precipitation; profilometers; saturation; solution; structural analysis; three-dimensional models; two-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Critical evaluation of calculated vapor-liquid equilibria for CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O fluids at 300 and 350 degrees C AN - 51790834; 2004-077231 AB - Excess molar volumes (V (super ex) ) and vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) for CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O fluids at 300 and 350 degrees C, 7.5-100 MPa--measured precisely and accurately in experiments performed with a unique, vibrating U-tube apparatus--were used to assess corresponding CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O V (super ex) and VLE calculated from the thermodynamic models of Holloway (1977, as corrected by Flowers, 1979), Kerrick and Jacobs (1981), and Duan et al. (1992a,b). The Duan et al. (1992a,b) model provides fairly accurate CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O VLE for 350 degrees C, but results for 300 degrees C are spurious, indicating erroneously that critical conditions are not achieved at that temperature. The CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O VLE for 300 and 350 degrees C supplied by the Holloway (1977) and Kerrick and Jacobs (1981) modified Redlich-Kwong equations are too errant to be of any practical use in geochemistry and petrology. The inaccuracies in the CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O VLE for 300 and 350 degrees C calculated from the three thermodynamic models are attributable to poor predictions of: (i) the saturation vapor pressure of pure H (sub 2) O at 300 and 350 degrees C; and (ii) the P-V-T properties of CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O mixtures at 300 and 350 degrees C, 0-100 MPa. It is concluded that additional accurate volumetric and VLE data, and more rigorous thermodynamic modeling techniques, are required to develop a comprehensive, theoretically robust, and computationally reliable equation of state for CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O fluids. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 270 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - models KW - experimental studies KW - phase equilibria KW - thermodynamic properties KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - temperature KW - P-T conditions KW - evaluation KW - carbon dioxide KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51790834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Critical+evaluation+of+calculated+vapor-liquid+equilibria+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+-H+%28sub+2%29+O+fluids+at+300+and+350+degrees+C&rft.au=Blencoe%2C+James+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Blencoe&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=270&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; carbon dioxide; evaluation; experimental studies; instruments; models; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; temperature; thermodynamic properties; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental determination of phase equilibria in the system H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) -NaCl at 0.5 kb from 500 to 700 degrees C AN - 51704712; 2005-048119 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Labotka, T C AU - Blencoe, J G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 363 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - halides KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - solution KW - halite KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - geothermal systems KW - phase equilibria KW - magmas KW - metal ores KW - chlorides KW - P-T conditions KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51704712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Experimental+determination+of+phase+equilibria+in+the+system+H+%28sub+2%29+O-CO+%28sub+2%29+-NaCl+at+0.5+kb+from+500+to+700+degrees+C&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+L+M%3BLabotka%2C+T+C%3BBlencoe%2C+J+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; chlorides; experimental studies; geothermal systems; halides; halite; magmas; metal ores; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; pressure; reservoir rocks; sodium chloride; solution; temperature; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Why Would Anyone Object? An Exploration of Social Aspects of Phytoremediation Acceptability AN - 20220380; 10252713 AB - Referee: Mr. Peter Siebach, Environmental Engineer, U.S. Department of Energy, Chicago Operations Office, 9800 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 Phytoremediation comprises a suite of promising cleanup technologies that use plants to remove or contain contaminants in soil and water. To be deployed, phytoremediation must be both technically and socially acceptable. This article explores the potential social acceptability of phytoremediation options proposed for use at specific sites and describes the conceptual framework that guides our exploration. The framework, called PACT (Public Acceptability of Controversial Technologies), consists of Dialog, Technology, Constituent, and Context dimensions. It posits that remediation decision making is a social process informed by scientific and technical information, rather than a science- or technology-driven process. Although empirical data are scarce, applying PACT shows that a number of issues have the potential to impose conditions on the social acceptability of phytoremediation, and that some issues could lead to outright rejection. Further, because many of these issues concern values and goals, they cannot be resolved simply by providing better or more detailed technical information about phytoremediation. PACT is instructive in showing how even seemingly benign or desirable technologies such as phytoremediation have the potential to generate public controversy, delineating issues in ways that can help lead to their resolution. JF - Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences AU - Wolfe, Amy K AU - Bjornstad, David J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6205 Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 429 EP - 438 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Milton Park, Abingdon Oxford OX14 4RN UK, [URL:http://www.taylorandfrancis.co.uk/] VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0735-2689, 0735-2689 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - USA, Illinois, Chicago KW - Data processing KW - Bioremediation KW - Social aspects KW - Soil contamination KW - Soil pollution KW - Decision making KW - acceptability KW - USA KW - Phytoremediation KW - Energy KW - Reviews KW - Contaminants KW - phytoremediation KW - Benign KW - Technology KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20220380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Plant+Sciences&rft.atitle=Why+Would+Anyone+Object%3F+An+Exploration+of+Social+Aspects+of+Phytoremediation+Acceptability&rft.au=Wolfe%2C+Amy+K%3BBjornstad%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Wolfe&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Plant+Sciences&rft.issn=07352689&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F0735-260291044304 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; USA, Illinois, Chicago; Phytoremediation; acceptability; Technology; Reviews; Bioremediation; Soil contamination; phytoremediation; Contaminants; Data processing; Soil pollution; Energy; Social aspects; Benign; Decision making DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0735-260291044304 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - pH-Dependent fate and transport of NTA-complexed cobalt through undisturbed cores of fractured shale saprolite AN - 19921650; 5472958 AB - The codisposal of toxic metals and radionuclides with organic chelating agents has been implicated in the facilitated transport of the inorganic contaminants away from primary waste disposal areas. We investigated the transport of Co super(II)NTA through undisturbed cores of fractured shale saprolite. Experiments were conducted across the pH range 4 to 8 by collecting cores from different locations within the weathering profile. Aqueous complexation, adsorption, dissociation and oxidation reactions influenced Co super(II)NTA transport. The suite of reaction products identified in column effluent varied with experimental pH. At low pH and in the presence of abundant exchangeable aluminum, Co transport occurred predominantly as the Co super(2+) ion. At higher pH, Co was transported primarily as Co super(II)NTA and the Co(III) species Co super(III)(HNTA) sub(2) and Co super(III)(IDA) sub(2). The formation of the geochemical oxidation products (Co(III) species) has far reaching implications as these compounds are kinetically and thermodynamically stable, are transported more rapidly than Co super(II)NTA, and are resistant to biodegradation. These results demonstrate that natural minerals, in the physical structure encountered naturally, can be more important in the formation of mobile, stable contaminant forms than they can be for the retardation and dissociation of the contaminants. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Brooks, S C AU - Carroll, S L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, brookssc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 191 EP - 207 VL - 58 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Adsorption KW - Waste Disposal KW - Waste disposal KW - pH effects KW - pH KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19921650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=pH-Dependent+fate+and+transport+of+NTA-complexed+cobalt+through+undisturbed+cores+of+fractured+shale+saprolite&rft.au=Brooks%2C+S+C%3BCarroll%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pH effects; pH; Waste disposal; Waste Disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monoclonal Antibodies to CD44 Epitopes on Mouse Endothelium AN - 18627003; 5527965 AB - CD44 is a widely expressed, plasma membrane protein. Many molecular forms of CD44 are possible as it is encoded by a gene with multiple exons that can be alternatively spliced and its deduced protein sequence contains numerous glycosylation sites. Through its role as an adhesion molecule, CD44 is involved in many and diverse biological processes, including angiogenesis, lymphogenesis, wound healing, inflammation, and cancer metastasis. We have developed a new panel of rat monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to murine CD44 by immunization with mouse lung endothelial cells (LEII cells). The antibodies were characterized using immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, competition binding, and cross Western blot experiments with MAb 133-13A, which recognizes CD44 expressed on tumor cells. The new MAbs recognize three distinct epitope groups. MAbs 531-2A and 531-32A compete for binding with the MAb 133-13A that was described previously. MAb 531-30A identifies a CD44 epitope found on low molecular weight forms expressed in vivo, while MAb 531-22A appears to recognize an epitope specific for endothelial cells. This novel panel of anti-CD44 antibodies has potential for investigating the role of CD44 in disease pathogenesis models in the mouse. They may be particularly useful for examining the role of endothelial cells in these models. JF - Hybridoma and Hybridomics AU - Davern, S M AU - Lankford, P K AU - Foote, L J AU - Kennel, S J AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6101, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA, kennelsj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 339 EP - 349 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 1536-8599, 1536-8599 KW - CD44 antigen KW - lymphogenesis KW - mice KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - W3 33375:Antibodies KW - F 06711:Monoclonal antibodies, hybridomas, antigens and antisera KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18627003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hybridoma+and+Hybridomics&rft.atitle=Monoclonal+Antibodies+to+CD44+Epitopes+on+Mouse+Endothelium&rft.au=Davern%2C+S+M%3BLankford%2C+P+K%3BFoote%2C+L+J%3BKennel%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Davern&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hybridoma+and+Hybridomics&rft.issn=15368599&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Net primary productivity of a CO sub(2)-enriched deciduous forest and the implications for carbon storage AN - 18612400; 5526578 AB - A central question concerning the response of terrestrial ecosystems to a changing atmosphere is whether increased uptake of carbon in response to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration results in greater plant biomass and carbon storage or, alternatively, faster cycling of C through the ecosystem. Net primary productivity (NIP) of a closed-canopy Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum) forest stand was assessed for three years in a free-air CO sub(2)-enrichment (FACE) experiment. NPP increased 21% in stands exposed to elevated CO sub(2), and there was no loss of response over time. Wood increment increased significantly during the first year of exposure, but subsequently most of the extra C was allocated to production of leaves and fine roots. These pools turn over more rapidly than wood, thereby reducing the potential of the forest stand to sequester additional C in response to atmospheric CO sub(2) enrichment. Hence, while this experiment provides the first evidence that CO sub(2) enrichment can increase productivity in a closed-canopy deciduous forest, the implications of this result must be tempered because the increase in productivity resulted in faster cycling of C through the system rather than increased C storage in wood. The fate of the additional C entering the soil system and the environmental interactions that influence allocation need further investigation. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Norby, R J AU - Hanson, P J AU - O'Neill, E G AU - Tschaplinski, T J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Gunderson, CA AU - Edwards, N T AU - Weltzin, J F AU - Hansen, R A AU - Cheng, W AU - Johnson, D W AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 1261 EP - 1266 PB - Ecological Society of America VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04125:Temperate forests KW - D 04500:Atmosphere UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18612400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Net+primary+productivity+of+a+CO+sub%282%29-enriched+deciduous+forest+and+the+implications+for+carbon+storage&rft.au=Norby%2C+R+J%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BO%27Neill%2C+E+G%3BTschaplinski%2C+T+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BGunderson%2C+CA%3BEdwards%2C+N+T%3BWeltzin%2C+J+F%3BHansen%2C+R+A%3BCheng%2C+W%3BJohnson%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of atrazine and four organophosphorus pesticides in ground water using solid phase microextraction (SPME) followed by gas chromatography with selected-ion monitoring AN - 16163645; 5640072 AB - A rapid, sensitive, and convenient method is presented for the determination of atrazine and four organophosphorus pesticides (OPP) in small (10 ml) samples of ground water. Samples are initially fortified with ethion (internal standard), then extracted without organic solvent using a 65- mu m thickness polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS-DVB) solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber. The analytes collected are thermally desorbed in a heated gas chromatographic inlet, separated using a fused-silica capillary column, and detected using a mass selective detector in its selected-ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Two independent statistical procedures were used to evaluate the detection limits, which typically range between 2 and 8 mu g l super(-1) for these analytes. Method performance was also evaluated using "performance evaluation" samples, in which clean authentic ground waters were fortified to known concentrations with at least two of the analytes of interest. Sample-to-sample analysis time is approximately 30 min, making the new method ideal for "quick turn" determinations. JF - Journal of Chromatography A AU - Tomkins, BA AU - Ilgner, R H AD - Environmental Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA, tomkinsba@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 183 EP - 194 VL - 972 IS - 2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Extraction procedures KW - Organophosphorus compounds KW - Pesticides (Organophosphorus) KW - Water sampling KW - Statistical analysis KW - Weedkiller KW - Water analysis KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Gas chromatography KW - Atrazine KW - Pesticides KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Sampling methods KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16163645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.atitle=Determination+of+atrazine+and+four+organophosphorus+pesticides+in+ground+water+using+solid+phase+microextraction+%28SPME%29+followed+by+gas+chromatography+with+selected-ion+monitoring&rft.au=Tomkins%2C+BA%3BIlgner%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Tomkins&rft.aufirst=BA&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=972&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0021-9673%2802%2901121-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Organophosphorus compounds; Water sampling; Gas chromatography; Pesticides; Atrazine; Statistical analysis; Groundwater pollution; Sampling methods; Pollution (Groundwater); Extraction procedures; Pesticides (Organophosphorus); Weedkiller; Water analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01121-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing recovery in a stream ecosystem: Applying multiple chemical and biological endpoints AN - 16141951; 5527735 AB - Recovery dynamics in a previously disturbed stream undergoing remediation was assessed by measuring several chemical and biological endpoints. Three major trophic levels (periphyton, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fish communities) were analyzed along with various biological indicators of fish health including sub-organismal (biochemical and physiological) and individual-level responses. Ambient toxicity testing, water quality measurements, and fish bioaccumulation studies were also conducted to provide additional indicators of stream recovery. Information on chemical loading, biological exposure (bioaccumulation), and bioassays help identify the underlying or mechanistic basis of recovery, while endpoints measured on instream biota, and particularly those at higher levels of biological organization, are key responses for understanding the dynamics and ecological significance of recovery. When assessing recovery in aquatic ecosystems, it is important to conduct long-term field studies incorporating a variety of response variables that represent a wide range of sensitivities and response time scales. The value of different endpoints for assessing recovery depends on the inherent characteristics that are related to response variability and sensitivity, specificity and causal relationships to stressors, and ecological relevance. Long-term data sets incorporating a variety and range of these endpoints are needed to improve our understanding of natural variability in streams and provide a baseline against which effects of disturbance and subsequent recovery processes can be evaluated. The complexity of aquatic systems and their variable recovery dynamics suggest that no single measure is adequate for assessing aquatic ecosystem recovery and that a suite of chemical and biological endpoints is required for a more complete understanding of ecosystem dynamics and status during both the recovery and the post-disturbance periods. Such information should be valuable to environmental managers and regulators in helping to make more informed decisions regarding effective management and mitigation practices in disturbed systems. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Adams, S M AU - Hill, W R AU - Peterson, MJ AU - Ryon, M G AU - Smith, J G AU - Stewart, A J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 1510 EP - 1527 PB - Ecological Society of America VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Variability KW - Chemistry KW - Ecosystems KW - Water quality measurements KW - Freshwater KW - Water quality KW - Streams KW - Restoration KW - Biota KW - Varieties KW - Ecosystem management KW - Stream Pollution KW - Rivers KW - Data processing KW - Ecosystem resilience KW - Toxicity KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - Aquatic environment KW - Trophic levels KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Decision making KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Freshwater ecosystems KW - Ecosystem dynamics KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Scales KW - Remediation KW - Environmental restoration KW - Fish Populations KW - Periphyton KW - Toxicity testing KW - Environment management KW - Freshwater ecology KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - K 03320:Cell Biology KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control KW - D 04715:Reclamation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16141951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Assessing+recovery+in+a+stream+ecosystem%3A+Applying+multiple+chemical+and+biological+endpoints&rft.au=Adams%2C+S+M%3BHill%2C+W+R%3BPeterson%2C+MJ%3BRyon%2C+M+G%3BSmith%2C+J+G%3BStewart%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1510&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Biota; Ecosystem resilience; Ecosystem management; Water quality; Environment management; Freshwater ecology; Ecosystem disturbance; Restoration; Aquatic organisms; Data processing; Aquatic ecosystems; Streams; Trophic levels; Decision making; Freshwater ecosystems; Bioaccumulation; Ecosystem dynamics; Scales; Environmental restoration; Periphyton; Toxicity testing; Chemistry; Water quality measurements; Remediation; Aquatic environment; Variability; Ecosystems; Water Pollution Effects; Varieties; Stream Pollution; Toxicity; Fish Populations; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new view of ion adsorption at mineral-fluid interfaces with synchrotron X-ray scattering AN - 51680911; 2005-063949 JF - Abstracts of the ... General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association AU - Fenter, P AU - Zhang, Z AU - Schlegel, M L AU - Park, C AU - Cheng, L AU - Nagy, K L AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Machesky, M AU - Bedzyk, M J AU - Sturchio, N C AU - Parsons, Ian Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 98 PB - International Mineralogical Association, [location varies] VL - 18 KW - water KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - muscovite KW - mineral-water interface KW - adsorption KW - ions KW - synchrotron radiation KW - X-ray data KW - mica group KW - rutile KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51680911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.atitle=A+new+view+of+ion+adsorption+at+mineral-fluid+interfaces+with+synchrotron+X-ray+scattering&rft.au=Fenter%2C+P%3BZhang%2C+Z%3BSchlegel%2C+M+L%3BPark%2C+C%3BCheng%2C+L%3BNagy%2C+K+L%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BMachesky%2C+M%3BBedzyk%2C+M+J%3BSturchio%2C+N+C%3BParsons%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Fenter&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 18th general meeting of the International Mineralogical Association N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03852 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; experimental studies; ions; mica group; mineral-water interface; muscovite; oxides; rutile; sheet silicates; silicates; synchrotron radiation; water; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical and thermodynamic properties of gas clathrate hydrates determined by in situ neutron scattering AN - 51678979; 2005-063891 JF - Abstracts of the ... General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association AU - Chakoumakos, B C AU - Rawn, C J AU - Rondione, A J AU - Stern, L A AU - Circone, S AU - Kirby, S H AU - Ishii, Yoshinobu AU - Jones, C Y AU - Toby, B H AU - Parsons, Ian Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 80 EP - 81 PB - International Mineralogical Association, [location varies] VL - 18 KW - hydrates KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - gas hydrates KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - stability KW - crystal structure KW - Rietveld refinement KW - clathrates KW - order-disorder KW - laboratory studies KW - physical properties KW - neutron diffraction data KW - thermodynamic properties KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51678979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.atitle=Physical+and+thermodynamic+properties+of+gas+clathrate+hydrates+determined+by+in+situ+neutron+scattering&rft.au=Chakoumakos%2C+B+C%3BRawn%2C+C+J%3BRondione%2C+A+J%3BStern%2C+L+A%3BCircone%2C+S%3BKirby%2C+S+H%3BIshii%2C+Yoshinobu%3BJones%2C+C+Y%3BToby%2C+B+H%3BParsons%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Chakoumakos&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 18th general meeting of the International Mineralogical Association N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03852 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clathrates; crystal structure; experimental studies; gas hydrates; hydrates; in situ; laboratory studies; neutron diffraction data; order-disorder; physical properties; Rietveld refinement; stability; thermodynamic properties; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neutron diffraction and Li MAS-NMR study of the amblygonite (LiAlPO (sub 4) F)-montebrasite (LiAlPO (sub 4) OH) solid solution AN - 51677003; 2005-063927 JF - Abstracts of the ... General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association AU - Groat, L A AU - Chakoumakos, B C AU - Hoffman, C M AU - Morell, H AU - Fyfe, C A AU - Schultz, A J AU - Parsons, Ian Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 91 PB - International Mineralogical Association, [location varies] VL - 18 KW - experimental studies KW - lithium KW - montebrasite KW - alkali metals KW - crystal structure KW - phosphates KW - solid solution KW - powder method KW - NMR spectra KW - MAS NMR spectra KW - temperature KW - order-disorder KW - hydroxyl ion KW - single-crystal method KW - metals KW - neutron diffraction data KW - spectra KW - lattice parameters KW - amblygonite KW - crystal chemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51677003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.atitle=Neutron+diffraction+and+Li+MAS-NMR+study+of+the+amblygonite+%28LiAlPO+%28sub+4%29+F%29-montebrasite+%28LiAlPO+%28sub+4%29+OH%29+solid+solution&rft.au=Groat%2C+L+A%3BChakoumakos%2C+B+C%3BHoffman%2C+C+M%3BMorell%2C+H%3BFyfe%2C+C+A%3BSchultz%2C+A+J%3BParsons%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Groat&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 18th general meeting of the International Mineralogical Association N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03852 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; amblygonite; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; experimental studies; hydroxyl ion; lattice parameters; lithium; MAS NMR spectra; metals; montebrasite; neutron diffraction data; NMR spectra; order-disorder; phosphates; powder method; single-crystal method; solid solution; spectra; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A synthesis of carbon sequestration, carbon emissions, and net carbon flux in agriculture: comparing tillage practices in the United States AN - 20080692; 5494661 AB - The atmospheric CO sub(2) concentration is increasing, due primarily to fossil-fuel combustion and deforestation. Sequestering atmospheric C in agricultural soils is being advocated as a possibility to partially offset fossil-fuel emissions. Sequestering C in agriculture requires a change in management practices, i.e. efficient use of pesticides, irrigation, and farm machinery. The C emissions associated with a change in practices have not traditionally been incorporated comprehensively into C sequestration analyses. A full C cycle analysis has been completed for agricultural inputs, resulting in estimates of net C flux for three crop types across three tillage intensities. The full C cycle analysis includes estimates of energy use and C emissions for primary fuels, electricity, fertilizers, lime, pesticides, irrigation, seed production, and farm machinery. Total C emissions values were used in conjunction with C sequestration estimates to model net C flux to the atmosphere over time. Based on US average crop inputs, no-till emitted less CO sub(2) from agricultural operations than did conventional tillage, with 137 and 168 kg C ha super(-1) per year, respectively. Changing from conventional tillage to no-till is therefore estimated to both enhance C sequestration and decrease CO sub(2) emissions. While the enhanced C sequestration will continue for a finite time, the reduction in net CO sub(2) flux to the atmosphere, caused by the reduced fossil-fuel use, can continue indefinitely, as long as the alternative practice is continued. Estimates of net C flux, which are based on US average inputs, will vary across crop type and different climate regimes. The C coefficients calculated for agricultural inputs can be used to estimate C emissions and net C flux on a site-specific basis. JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment AU - West, TO AU - Marland, G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, Bldg 1509, M.S. 6335, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA, westto@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 217 EP - 232 VL - 91 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-8809, 0167-8809 KW - carbon sequestration KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - USA KW - Fossil fuels KW - Carbon cycle KW - Emission measurements KW - Air pollution control KW - Energy consumption KW - Crops KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20080692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=A+synthesis+of+carbon+sequestration%2C+carbon+emissions%2C+and+net+carbon+flux+in+agriculture%3A+comparing+tillage+practices+in+the+United+States&rft.au=West%2C+TO%3BMarland%2C+G&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=TO&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01678809&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Fossil fuels; Emission measurements; Carbon cycle; Air pollution control; Energy consumption; Crops; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbiological characteristics in a zero-valent iron reactive barrier. AN - 72024339; 12194417 AB - Zero-valent iron (Fe0)-based permeable reactive barrier treatment has been generating great interest for passive groundwater remediation, yet few studies have paid particular attention to the microbial activity and characteristics within and in the vicinity of the Fe0-barrier matrix. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the microbial population and community composition in the reducing zone of influence by Fe0 corrosion in the barrier at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant site. Both phospholipid fatty acids and DNA analyses were used to determine the total microbial population and microbial functional groups, including sulfate-reducing bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and methanogens, in groundwater and soil/iron core samples. A diverse microbial community was identified in the strongly reducing Fe0 environment despite a relatively high pH condition within the Fe0 barrier (up to pH approximately 10). In comparison with those found in the background soil/groundwater samples, the enhanced microbial population ranged from approximately 1 to 3 orders of magnitude and appeared to increase from upgradient of the barrier to downgradient soil. In addition, microbial community composition appeared to change over time, and the bacterial types of microorganisms increased consistently as the barrier aged. DNA analysis indicated the presence of sulfate-reducing and denitrifying bacteria in the barrier and its surrounding soil. However, the activity of methanogens was found to be relatively low, presumably as a result of the competition by sulfate/metal-reducing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria because of the unlimited availability of sulfate and nitrate in the site groundwater. Results of this study provide evidence of a diverse microbial population within and in the vicinity of the iron barrier, although the important roles of microbial activity, either beneficially or detrimentally, on the longevity and enduring efficiency of the Fe0 barriers are yet to be evaluated. JF - Environmental monitoring and assessment AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Watson, David B AU - Wu, Liyou AU - Phillips, Debra H AU - White, David C AU - Zhou, Jizhong AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. b26@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 293 EP - 309 VL - 77 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - 0 KW - Nitrates KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Sulfates KW - Water Pollutants KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sulfates -- metabolism KW - Permeability KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Nitrates -- metabolism KW - Corrosion KW - Adsorption KW - DNA, Bacterial -- analysis KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Iron -- chemistry KW - Water Purification -- methods KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72024339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.atitle=Microbiological+characteristics+in+a+zero-valent+iron+reactive+barrier.&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BWu%2C+Liyou%3BPhillips%2C+Debra+H%3BWhite%2C+David+C%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-14 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of earthworm (Eisenia fetida) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw additions on selected properties of petroleum-contaminated soils. AN - 71974204; 12152766 AB - Current bioremediation techniques for petroleum-contaminated soils are designed to remove contaminants as quickly and efficiently as possible, but not necessarily with postremediation soil biological quality as a primary objective. To test a simple postbioremediation technique, we added earthworms (Eisenia fetida) or wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw to petroleum land-farm soil and measured biological quality of the soil as responses in plant growth, soil respiration, and oil and grease (O&G) and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations. Results indicated that plant growth was greater in earthworm-treated land-farm soil. Furthermore, addition of wheat straw resulted in greater total respiration in all soils tested (land-farm soil, noncontaminated reference soil, and a 1:1 mixture of land-farm and reference soils). We observed a 30% increase in soil respiration in straw-amended oily soil, whereas respiration increased by 246% in straw-amended reference soil. Much of the difference between oily and reference soils was attributable to higher basal respiration rates of nonamended oily soil compared to nonamended reference soil. Addition of earthworms resulted in greater total respiration of all soil and straw treatments except two (the land-farm and the 1:1 mixture soil treatments without straw). Straw and earthworm treatments did not affect O&G or TPH concentrations. Nevertheless, our findings that earthworm additions improved plant growth and that straw additions enhanced microbial activity in land-farm soil suggest that these treatments may be compatible with plant-based remediation techniques currently under evaluation in field trials, and could reduce the time required to restore soil ecosystem function. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Callaham, Mac A AU - Stewart, Arthur J AU - Alarcón, Clara AU - McMillen, Sara J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831, USA. mcallaham@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 1658 EP - 1663 VL - 21 IS - 8 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Petroleum KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Animals KW - Oxygen -- metabolism KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Petroleum -- metabolism KW - Soil Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Oligochaeta -- physiology KW - Soil Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Triticum -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71974204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+earthworm+%28Eisenia+fetida%29+and+wheat+%28Triticum+aestivum%29+straw+additions+on+selected+properties+of+petroleum-contaminated+soils.&rft.au=Callaham%2C+Mac+A%3BStewart%2C+Arthur+J%3BAlarc%C3%B3n%2C+Clara%3BMcMillen%2C+Sara+J&rft.aulast=Callaham&rft.aufirst=Mac&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1658&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Small-angle X-ray scattering study of the quasi-crystal structure of montmorillonite-CTAB in suspension AN - 52063199; 2002-069076 AB - The quasi-crystals of hexadecyltrimethylammonium (CTA+)-montmorillonite formed in suspension were investigated by small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). The d-spacing of the quasi-crystals increased from 17.1 to 21.7 Aa, corresponding to an increasing surfactant loading from 20 to 250% of the clay's cation exchange capacity (CEC). One-dimensional grating theory was used to describe the scattering in the Porod region so that the number of clay layers and crystal size were obtained. The quasi-crystal reaches maximum size at a surfactant loading equal to the clay's CEC. The scattering peaks in the Porod region are due solely to quasi-crystals. Small-angle x-ray scattering avoids intermediate peaks resulting from the artificial interstratification of free and complexed layers in conventional x-ray diffraction analysis. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Shang, C AU - Rice, J A AU - Lin, J S Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 1225 EP - 1230 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 66 IS - 4 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - quasicrystals KW - hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide KW - cation exchange capacity KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - clay mineralogy KW - suspended materials KW - crystal structure KW - clay minerals KW - Wyoming KW - surfactants KW - standard materials KW - small-angle X-ray scattering data KW - porod region KW - sheet silicates KW - applications KW - geochemistry KW - montmorillonite KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52063199?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Small-angle+X-ray+scattering+study+of+the+quasi-crystal+structure+of+montmorillonite-CTAB+in+suspension&rft.au=Shang%2C+C%3BRice%2C+J+A%3BLin%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Shang&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.scijournals.org/ http://soil.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on August 6, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; cation exchange capacity; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; crystal structure; geochemistry; hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide; montmorillonite; porod region; quasicrystals; sheet silicates; silicates; small-angle X-ray scattering data; standard materials; surfactants; suspended materials; United States; Wyoming; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular-based study of the electric double layer in hydrothermal systems AN - 51901167; 2004-006201 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Cummings, Peter T AU - Predota, Milan AU - Chialvo, Ariel A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 160 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - hydroxyl ion KW - titanium oxides KW - oxides KW - mineral-water interface KW - molecular dynamics KW - electrostatic properties KW - adsorption KW - geochemistry KW - electrochemical properties KW - layered materials KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51901167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Molecular-based+study+of+the+electric+double+layer+in+hydrothermal+systems&rft.au=Cummings%2C+Peter+T%3BPredota%2C+Milan%3BChialvo%2C+Ariel+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; electrochemical properties; electrostatic properties; geochemistry; hydrothermal conditions; hydroxyl ion; layered materials; mineral-water interface; molecular dynamics; oxides; titanium oxides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport in fractured saprolite; determining diffusive mass transfer and surface reaction kinetics parameters AN - 51889841; 2004-013591 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Gwo, J P AU - Mayes, M A AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 300 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - fractured materials KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - saprolite KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - tracers KW - Tennessee KW - mass transfer KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - clastic rocks KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51889841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+in+fractured+saprolite%3B+determining+diffusive+mass+transfer+and+surface+reaction+kinetics+parameters&rft.au=Gwo%2C+J+P%3BMayes%2C+M+A%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gwo&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=300&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; clastic rocks; diffusion; experimental studies; fractured materials; geochemistry; kinetics; mass transfer; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; saprolite; sedimentary rocks; soils; solute transport; Tennessee; tracers; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of temperature on ion adsorption phenomena AN - 51886888; 2004-015516 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 472 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - high-level waste KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - pollutants KW - complexing KW - pollution KW - mineral-water interface KW - adsorption KW - MUSIC KW - ions KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - MUltiSIte Complexing model KW - rutile KW - oxides KW - waste disposal KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51886888?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+temperature+on+ion+adsorption+phenomena&rft.au=Machesky%2C+Michael+L%3BRidley%2C+Moira+K%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Machesky&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=472&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; colloidal materials; complexing; experimental studies; geochemistry; high-level waste; ions; laboratory studies; mineral-water interface; MUltiSIte Complexing model; MUSIC; oxides; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; rutile; temperature; transport; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissolution of iron-rich clay and sulfur sequestration by a sulfate-reducing bacterium AN - 51886762; 2004-015481 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Li, Yi-Liang AU - Yang, John AU - Zhang, Chuanlun L AU - Deng, Baolin AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 453 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - clay KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - mass spectra KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - ferruginous composition KW - iron KW - remediation KW - laboratory studies KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - rain KW - pH KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - sequestration KW - living taxa KW - clastic sediments KW - pollution KW - nontronite KW - clay minerals KW - acid rain KW - ICP mass spectra KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sulfur KW - sheet silicates KW - SEM data KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51886762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Dissolution+of+iron-rich+clay+and+sulfur+sequestration+by+a+sulfate-reducing+bacterium&rft.au=Li%2C+Yi-Liang%3BYang%2C+John%3BZhang%2C+Chuanlun+L%3BDeng%2C+Baolin%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Yi-Liang&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; atmospheric precipitation; bacteria; biogenic processes; clastic sediments; clay; clay minerals; decontamination; experimental studies; ferruginous composition; geochemistry; ICP mass spectra; iron; laboratory studies; living taxa; mass spectra; metals; nontronite; pH; pollution; rain; reduction; remediation; sediments; SEM data; sequestration; sheet silicates; silicates; soils; spectra; sulfate ion; sulfur; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled cation and oxygen exchange between alkali feldspar and aqueous chloride solution AN - 51884934; 2004-015428 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Labotka, Theodore C AU - Cole, David R AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Riciputi, Lee R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 427 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - sanidine KW - halogens KW - coupling KW - aqueous solutions KW - metasomatism KW - stable isotopes KW - electron probe data KW - alkali feldspar KW - chloride ion KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - framework silicates KW - ion exchange KW - geochemistry KW - chlorine KW - plagioclase KW - experimental studies KW - isotope ratios KW - mineral-water interface KW - albite KW - O-18/O-16 KW - cations KW - feldspar group KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51884934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Coupled+cation+and+oxygen+exchange+between+alkali+feldspar+and+aqueous+chloride+solution&rft.au=Labotka%2C+Theodore+C%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BFayek%2C+Mostafa%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Labotka&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - albite; alkali feldspar; aqueous solutions; cations; chloride ion; chlorine; coupling; electron probe data; experimental studies; feldspar group; framework silicates; geochemistry; halogens; hydrothermal alteration; ion exchange; isotope ratios; isotopes; metasomatism; mineral-water interface; O-18/O-16; oxygen; plagioclase; sanidine; silicates; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Empirical equations for representing vapor-liquid equilibria in the CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O system at 110-350 degrees C AN - 51873454; 2004-025517 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Blencoe, James G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 82 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - liquid phase KW - theoretical studies KW - gaseous phase KW - phase equilibria KW - mathematical models KW - hydrochemistry KW - geochemistry KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51873454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Empirical+equations+for+representing+vapor-liquid+equilibria+in+the+CO+%28sub+2%29+-H+%28sub+2%29+O+system+at+110-350+degrees+C&rft.au=Blencoe%2C+James+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Blencoe&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; gaseous phase; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; liquid phase; mathematical models; phase equilibria; temperature; theoretical studies; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fatty acids and stable carbon isotopes of a sulfate-reducing bacterium; implications for carbon cycling in organic-rich marine sediments AN - 51867099; 2004-028273 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - McBeth, Joyce AU - Giles, Barbara AU - Ye, Ellen AU - Li, Yi-Liang AU - Zhang, Chuanlun L AU - Wall, Judy D AU - Huang, Yongsong AU - Horita, Juske AU - Cole, David R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 498 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - sulfate ion KW - fatty acids KW - lipids KW - isotopes KW - metabolism KW - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans KW - biomarkers KW - stable isotopes KW - geochemical cycle KW - substrates KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - marine sediments KW - carbon KW - Desulfovibrio KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - reduction KW - carbon cycle KW - geochemistry KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51867099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Fatty+acids+and+stable+carbon+isotopes+of+a+sulfate-reducing+bacterium%3B+implications+for+carbon+cycling+in+organic-rich+marine+sediments&rft.au=McBeth%2C+Joyce%3BGiles%2C+Barbara%3BYe%2C+Ellen%3BLi%2C+Yi-Liang%3BZhang%2C+Chuanlun+L%3BWall%2C+Judy+D%3BHuang%2C+Yongsong%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McBeth&rft.aufirst=Joyce&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=498&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biomarkers; carbon; carbon cycle; Desulfovibrio; Desulfovibrio desulfuricans; fatty acids; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; isotopes; lipids; marine sediments; metabolism; organic acids; organic compounds; reduction; sediments; stable isotopes; substrates; sulfate ion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a micro-cavity ion source for enhanced efficiency in thermal ionisation mass spectrometry AN - 51866111; 2004-028433 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Riciputi, L R AU - Ingeneri, K B AU - Hedberg, P M L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 638 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - chemical analysis KW - precision KW - plutonium KW - techniques KW - mass spectroscopy KW - ions KW - thermal ionization mass spectroscopy KW - metals KW - uranium KW - efficiency KW - spectroscopy KW - actinides KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51866111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+micro-cavity+ion+source+for+enhanced+efficiency+in+thermal+ionisation+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Riciputi%2C+L+R%3BIngeneri%2C+K+B%3BHedberg%2C+P+M+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Riciputi&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=638&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; actinides; chemical analysis; efficiency; instruments; ions; mass spectroscopy; metals; plutonium; precision; spectroscopy; techniques; thermal ionization mass spectroscopy; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new method for U-Pb isotopic analyses of uranium oxide minerals by SIMS AN - 51865584; 2004-021168 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Fayek, M AU - Riciputi, L R AU - Kyser, T K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 226 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - U/Pb KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - unconformity-type deposits KW - thermal ionization mass spectra KW - mass spectra KW - lead KW - techniques KW - ions KW - stable isotopes KW - laboratory studies KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dates KW - U-235/Pb-207 KW - standard materials KW - absolute age KW - oxides KW - applications KW - spectra KW - experimental studies KW - chemical analysis KW - isotope ratios KW - matrix KW - U-238/Pb-206 KW - uranium minerals KW - new methods KW - models KW - uranium ores KW - Canada KW - metals KW - metal ores KW - uranium KW - uraninite KW - actinides KW - 03:Geochronology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51865584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=A+new+method+for+U-Pb+isotopic+analyses+of+uranium+oxide+minerals+by+SIMS&rft.au=Fayek%2C+M%3BRiciputi%2C+L+R%3BKyser%2C+T+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fayek&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=226&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; actinides; applications; Canada; chemical analysis; dates; experimental studies; ion probe data; ions; isotope ratios; isotopes; laboratory studies; lead; mass spectra; matrix; metal ores; metals; mineral deposits, genesis; models; new methods; oxides; radioactive isotopes; spectra; stable isotopes; standard materials; techniques; thermal ionization mass spectra; U-235/Pb-207; U-238/Pb-206; U/Pb; unconformity-type deposits; uraninite; uranium; uranium minerals; uranium ores ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation of an alkaliphilic metal-reducing bacterium from a saline pond containing high concentrations of boron AN - 51851676; 2004-036120 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Ye, Q AU - Fields, M AU - Zhou, J AU - Roh, Y AU - Phelps, T J AU - Zhang, C L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 861 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - fatty acids KW - analog simulation KW - borax KW - salinity KW - borates KW - iron KW - temperature KW - remediation KW - laboratory studies KW - decontamination KW - applications KW - alkalinity KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - hydrology KW - esters KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - acetates KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - geochemical cycle KW - alkalic composition KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - limnology KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - boron KW - ferric citrate KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51851676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Isolation+of+an+alkaliphilic+metal-reducing+bacterium+from+a+saline+pond+containing+high+concentrations+of+boron&rft.au=Ye%2C+Q%3BFields%2C+M%3BZhou%2C+J%3BRoh%2C+Y%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BZhang%2C+C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ye&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=861&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetates; alkalic composition; alkalinity; analog simulation; applications; bacteria; biogenic processes; bioremediation; borates; borax; boron; decontamination; esters; experimental studies; fatty acids; ferric citrate; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrology; iron; laboratory studies; limnology; metals; organic acids; organic compounds; pH; reduction; remediation; salinity; sodium chloride; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microarray Transcription Profiling of a Shewanella oneidensis etrA Mutant AN - 18460705; 5434990 AB - DNA microarrays were used to examine the effect of an insertional mutation in the Shewanella oneidensis etrA (electron transport regulator) locus on gene expression under anaerobic conditions. The mRNA levels of 69 genes with documented functions in energy and carbon metabolism, regulation, transport, and other cellular processes displayed significant alterations in transcript abundance in an etrA-mutant genetic background. This is the first microarray study indicating a possible involvement of EtrA in the regulation of gene expression in S. oneidensis MR-1. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Beliaev, A S AU - Thompson, D K AU - Fields, M W AU - Wu, L AU - Lies, D P AU - Nealson, KH AU - Zhou, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038., zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - Aug 2002 SP - 4612 EP - 4616 VL - 184 IS - 16 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - DNA microarrays KW - etrA gene KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - N 14510:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - J 02726:RNA and ribosomes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18460705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Microarray+Transcription+Profiling+of+a+Shewanella+oneidensis+etrA+Mutant&rft.au=Beliaev%2C+A+S%3BThompson%2C+D+K%3BFields%2C+M+W%3BWu%2C+L%3BLies%2C+D+P%3BNealson%2C+KH%3BZhou%2C+J&rft.aulast=Beliaev&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=184&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=4612&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.184.16.4612-4616.2002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.184.16.4612-4616.2002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating net primary productivity from grassland biomass dynamics measurements AN - 18443337; 5423479 AB - To address the need for a high quality data set based upon field observations suitable for parameterization, calibration, and validation of terrestrial biosphere models, we have developed a comprehensive global database on net primary productivity (NPP). We have compiled field measurements of biomass and associated environmental data for multiple study sites in major grassland types worldwide. Where sufficient data were available, we compared aboveground and total NPP estimated by six computational methods (algorithms) for 31 grassland sites. As has been found previously, NPP estimates were 2-5 times higher using methods which accounted for the dynamics of dead matter, compared with what is still the most commonly applied estimate of NPP (maximum peak live biomass). It is suggested that assumptions such as the use of peak biomass as an indicator of NPP in grasslands may apply only within certain subbiomes, e.g. temperate steppe grasslands. Additional data on belowground dynamics, or other reliable estimates of belowground productivity, are required if grasslands are to be fully appreciated for their role in the global carbon cycle. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Scurlock, J M AU - Johnson, K AU - Olson, R J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6407, USA, olsonrj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - Aug 2002 SP - 736 EP - 753 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 8 IS - 8 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04001:Methodology - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18443337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Estimating+net+primary+productivity+from+grassland+biomass+dynamics+measurements&rft.au=Scurlock%2C+J+M%3BJohnson%2C+K%3BOlson%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Scurlock&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=736&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2486.2002.00512.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00512.x ER - TY - BOOK T1 - A Simulation Study of Factors Controlling White Sturgeon Recruitment in the Snake River AN - 17782309; 5704720 AB - Five of the nine populations of white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus, located between dams on the Middle Snake River, have declined from historical levels and are now at risk of extinction. One step towards more effectively protecting and managing these nine populations is ranking factors that influence recruitment in each of these river segments. We developed a model to suggest which of seven mechanistic factors contribute most to lost recruitment in each river segment: (1) temperature-related mortality during incubation, (2) flow-related mortality during incubation, (3) downstream export of larvae, (4) limitation of juvenile and adult habitat, (5) mortality of all ages during summer episodes of poor water quality in reservoirs, (6) entrainment mortality of juveniles and adults, and (7) angling mortality. We simulated recruitment with, and without, each of the seven factors, over a typical series of hydrologic years. We found a hierarchical pattern of limitation. In the first tier, river segments with severe water quality problems grouped together. Poor water quality during summer had a strong negative effect on recruitment in the river segments between Swan Falls Dam and Hell's Canyon Dam. In the second tier, river segments with better water quality divided into short river segments and longer river segments. Populations in short river segments were limited by larval export. Populations in longer river segments tended to be less strongly limited by any one factor. We also found that downstream effects could be important, suggesting that linked populations cannot be viewed in isolation. In two cases, the effects of a factor on an upstream population had a significant influence on its downstream neighbors. JF - American Fisheries Society Symposium AU - Jager, H I AU - Van Winkle, W AU - Chandler, JA AU - Lepla, K B AU - Bates, P AU - Counihan, T D A2 - Van Winkle, W A2 - Anders, PJ A2 - Secor, DH A2 - Dixon, DA (eds) Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 24 EP - 150 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Ste. 110 Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA SN - 1888569360 KW - River segments KW - White sturgeon KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Entrainment KW - Water reservoirs KW - Degradation KW - Anadromous species KW - Incubation KW - Summer KW - Freshwater KW - Population dynamics KW - Freshwater fish KW - Biological drift KW - Water quality KW - Fish larvae KW - Models KW - Water currents KW - Current velocity KW - Abiotic factors KW - Temperature effects KW - Rivers KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Acipenser transmontanus KW - Recruitment KW - Limiting factors KW - Rare species KW - Habitat KW - Mortality causes KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17782309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jager%2C+H+I%3BVan+Winkle%2C+W%3BChandler%2C+JA%3BLepla%2C+K+B%3BBates%2C+P%3BCounihan%2C+T+D&rft.aulast=Jager&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=1888569360&rft.btitle=A+Simulation+Study+of+Factors+Controlling+White+Sturgeon+Recruitment+in+the+Snake+River&rft.title=A+Simulation+Study+of+Factors+Controlling+White+Sturgeon+Recruitment+in+the+Snake+River&rft.issn=08922284&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Addressing multi-use issues in sustainable forest management with signal-transfer modeling AN - 19928042; 5422820 AB - Management decisions concerning impacts of projected changes in environmental and social conditions on multi-use forest products and services, such as productivity, water supply or carbon sequestration, may be facilitated with signal-transfer modeling. This simulation method utilizes a hierarchy of simulators in which the integrated responses (signals) from smaller-scale process models are transferred and incorporated into the algorithms of larger spatial- and temporal-scale models of ecological and economic phenomena. Several innovative procedures germane to multi-issue sustainable forest management have been initiated in our signal-transfer modeling development for forests of the southeastern United States. These developments include response surface interpolation for multi-factor signal-transfer, use of loblolly pine modeling to infer the growth of other southern pines, determination of soil nutrient limitations to productivity, multivariate clustering as a spatial basis for defining land units relevant to forest management, and variance propagation through the modeling hierarchy. Algorithms for larger scale phenomena are shown to constrain the variance introduced from a smaller-scale in a simulation of ambient ozone exposure effects on loblolly pine timber yield. Outputs of forest variables are frequency distributions that may be statistically compared for alternative environmental or management scenarios. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Luxmoore, R J AU - Hargrove, W W AU - Lynn Tharp, M AU - Mac Post, W AU - Berry, M W AU - Minser, K S AU - Cropper, WP Jr AU - Johnson, D W AU - Zeide, B AU - Amateis, R L AU - Burkhart, HE AU - Baldwin, VC Jr AU - Petersonh, K D AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, luxmoorerj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/07/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 15 SP - 295 EP - 304 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 165 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Management tools KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Human Population KW - Forest products KW - Forest management KW - Carbon KW - Sustainable development KW - USA, Southeast KW - Environment management KW - Water supplies KW - Models KW - Ozone KW - D 04700:Management KW - M1 320:Environmental & Natural Resource Development KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19928042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Addressing+multi-use+issues+in+sustainable+forest+management+with+signal-transfer+modeling&rft.au=Luxmoore%2C+R+J%3BHargrove%2C+W+W%3BLynn+Tharp%2C+M%3BMac+Post%2C+W%3BBerry%2C+M+W%3BMinser%2C+K+S%3BCropper%2C+WP+Jr%3BJohnson%2C+D+W%3BZeide%2C+B%3BAmateis%2C+R+L%3BBurkhart%2C+HE%3BBaldwin%2C+VC+Jr%3BPetersonh%2C+K+D&rft.aulast=Luxmoore&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-07-15&rft.volume=165&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forest products; Forest management; Carbon; Sustainable development; Water supplies; Environment management; Ozone; Models; USA, Southeast ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling Regional Carbon Dynamics and Soil Erosion in Disturbed and Rehabilitated Ecosystems as Affected by Land Use and Climate AN - 759316945; 13726891 AB - The quantification of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling inecosystems is important for (a) understanding changes inecosystem structure and function with changes in land use, (b)determining the sustainability of ecosystems, and (c) balancingthe global C budget as it relates to global climate change.A meso-scale study was conducted to determine regional effectsof climate change on C and N cycling within disturbedecosystems. Objectives of the research were to quantify (a)sediment yield, (b) current C storage in vegetation and soils,and (c) soil C efflux from both abandoned and rehabilitatedcoal surface-mined lands in Ohio. A dynamic model was developedto simulate sediment yield, grassland production, and C and Ncycling on surface-mined lands. Evaluation of plant productionand soil erosion submodels with data sets from surface-minedlands in the mid-western U.S. resulted in r super(2) values of 0.99 and0.97, respectively. Depending on the initial values of soil organic carbon (SOC),model simulations estimated that unvegetated surface-mined landsin Ohio yield approximately 441,325 Mg yr super(-1) of sediment andemit between 2,000-20,000 Mg yr super(-1) of C to the atmosphere fromdecomposition of SOC. While rehabilitated lands had a higher Cefflux rate than barren lands, a positive C sequestration rateof 18.4 Mg km super(-2) yr super(-1) was estimated as a result oforganic matter additions. This sequestion rate increasedconsiderably under projected climate change scenarios, while itdecreased when simulated rehabilitated grasslands were harvestedfor hay. Changes in land use and cover can cause surface-minedlands to be either a net sink or source for C. Successful rehabilitation of mined lands can decrease erosion and promotesoil C sequestration, while at the same time providingadditional lands for the management of natural resources. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - West, Tristram O AU - Wali, Mohan K AD - School of Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, U.S.A., westto@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 141 EP - 164 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 138 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Land Use KW - Resource management KW - Ecosystems KW - Climate change KW - Soil erosion KW - Soil KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Yield KW - Carbon KW - Sediment yield KW - Soils KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Vegetation KW - Land use KW - Water pollution KW - Model Studies KW - Soil pollution KW - Air pollution KW - Grasslands KW - Erosion KW - Natural resources KW - Nitrogen cycle KW - USA, Ohio KW - Soil Erosion KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759316945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Modeling+Regional+Carbon+Dynamics+and+Soil+Erosion+in+Disturbed+and+Rehabilitated+Ecosystems+as+Affected+by+Land+Use+and+Climate&rft.au=West%2C+Tristram+O%3BWali%2C+Mohan+K&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Tristram&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1015552330945 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Resource management; Natural resources; Climate change; Soils; Nitrogen cycle; Soil erosion; Water pollution; Land use; Soil pollution; Erosion; Atmospheric pollution; Ecosystems; Sediment yield; Soil; Carbon sequestration; Grasslands; Carbon; Vegetation; Land Use; Yield; Soil Erosion; Model Studies; USA, Ohio DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015552330945 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dendrochemical analysis of lead and calcium in southern Appalachian American beech. AN - 71986531; 12175031 AB - The health of the northern hardwood forest in the southern Appalachian Mountains of Tennessee, North Carolina, and Virginia has gained attention from the media and environmental stakeholders due to a purported decline in forest health at higher elevations. This project examined lead (Pb) and calcium (Ca) concentrations in growth rings of an important northern hardwood species, American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) at Mount Rogers and Whitetop Mountain, Virginia and attempted to examine concentration relationships with stem growth patterns. Dominant and codominant trees were sampled from 16 research plots at two elevations. Tree cores were crossdated, divided into sections of 10-yr periods, and analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Lead concentrations correlated negatively with ring width. Elevation and aspect were significantly associated with the Pb concentration, while Ca concentrations were only associated with aspect. Tree core samples taken from higher elevation plots contained higher Pb concentrations than samples collected from lower elevation plots, while the northwest and southwest aspects contained significantly higher amounts of Pb and Ca. Both Pb and Ca concentrations increased during the 1860s and again during the mid-1900s. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Fisher, Suzanne AU - Nicholas, N S AU - Scheuerman, Phillip R AD - Tennessee Valley Authority, Norri 37828, USA. fishers@ornl.gov PY - 2002 SP - 1137 EP - 1145 VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Altitude KW - Trees KW - Spectrophotometry, Atomic KW - Lead -- adverse effects KW - Calcium -- adverse effects KW - Fagus -- chemistry KW - Calcium -- analysis KW - Fagus -- growth & development KW - Calcium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Lead -- pharmacokinetics KW - Lead -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71986531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=Dendrochemical+analysis+of+lead+and+calcium+in+southern+Appalachian+American+beech.&rft.au=Fisher%2C+Suzanne%3BNicholas%2C+N+S%3BScheuerman%2C+Phillip+R&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectroscopic characterization of the structural and functional properties of natural organic matter fractions. AN - 71928238; 12137058 AB - Natural organic matter (NOM) is known to be complex in nature with varying structural and functional characteristics. In this study, an aquatic NOM was fractionated into the polyphenolic-rich (NOM-PP) and the carbohydrate-rich (NOM-CH) fractions in an attempt to better characterize their chemical and structural properties along with a reference soil humic acid (SHA). Various spectroscopic techniques were employed for the study, including ultraviolet-visible (UV/Vis). 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier-transform infrared, fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies. Results indicate that the relative abundance of aromatic C=C and methoxyl (-OCH3) functional groups are in the order of SHA > NOM-PP > NOM-CH. However, the aquatic NOM-PP and NOM-CH fractions are characterized by high contents of carboxylic and alcoholic functional groups relative to the SHA. In particular, the NOM-PP fraction appears to contain more phenolic and ketonic functional groups than the NOM-CH and SHA fractions, and it gives a strong fluorescence and high paramagnetic spin count. On the other hand, the NOM-CH fraction possesses a relatively low amount of carbon but a high amount of oxygen or oxygen-containing structural features, such as carbohydrate-OH and carboxylic groups, and shows the least fluorescence intensity and paramagnetic spin counts. Results of these spectroscopic studies confirm the heterogeneous nature of NOM, and point out the importance of isolation and improved characterization of various NOM subcomponents in order to better understand the behavior and roles of NOM in the natural environment. JF - Chemosphere AU - Chen, Jie AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Leboeuf, Eugene J AU - Pan, Hongjun AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831, USA. Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 59 EP - 68 VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Humic Substances KW - 0 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Water Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrum Analysis KW - Humic Substances -- analysis KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71928238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Spectroscopic+characterization+of+the+structural+and+functional+properties+of+natural+organic+matter+fractions.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jie%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BLeboeuf%2C+Eugene+J%3BPan%2C+Hongjun%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jie&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-08 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of riparian leaf dynamics on periphyton photosynthesis and light utilisation efficiency AN - 18433757; 5411561 AB - Streambed light regimes change dramatically when riparian trees gain leaves in spring and lose them in autumn. This study examined the effect of these changes on periphyton photosynthetic characteristics, primary production, and light utilisation efficiency in two eastern Tennessee streams.Photosynthesis-irradiance responses were measured at intervals covering leaf emergence and abscission in spring and autumn. Photosynthetic efficiency ( alpha super(chl) ) increased with declining streambed irradiances during spring leaf emergence, but returned to pre-emergence values after autumn leaf fall. The onset of photosaturation (I sub(k) ) displayed the opposite pattern, decreasing during leaf emergence and increasing after leaf fall. Both alpha super(chl) and I sub(k) were closely associated (P < 0.01) with daily integrated streambed irradiance, as were periphyton carotenoids. Internal shading by photoprotective carotenoids is hypothesised to account for lower alpha super(chl) when streambed irradiances are high.An in situ shading experiment confirmed that the temporal changes observed in periphyton photosynthetic characteristics and carotenoids were primarily the result of changing light levels and not other environmental factors (e.g. nutrients, temperature).Daily chlorophyll-specific primary production (PP super(chl) ) was calculated with P -I models and recorded streambed irradiances. In both streams, PP super(chl) was the highest in early spring when trees were leafless, and then declined markedly as leaves emerged, reaching a minimum in summer. PP super(chl) increased after leaf abscission, but was still lower than it was in early spring, when the sun was higher and daylength was longer. A hyperbolic tangent equation fit to PP super(chl) and daily integrated irradiance (r super(2) =0. 85) suggested that primary production was light saturated at 4-8 mol m super(-2) d super(-1) .Light utilisation efficiency ( psi ) increased 10-fold during leaf emergence. Photosaturation at high irradiances and photoacclimation at lower irradiances were responsible for a negative hyperbolic relationship between psi and daily integrated irradiance. JF - Freshwater Biology AU - Hill, W R AU - Dimick, S M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, U.S.A., wrhill@uiuc.edu Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 1245 EP - 1256 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0046-5070, 0046-5070 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04310:Freshwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18433757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Freshwater+Biology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+riparian+leaf+dynamics+on+periphyton+photosynthesis+and+light+utilisation+efficiency&rft.au=Hill%2C+W+R%3BDimick%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Freshwater+Biology&rft.issn=00465070&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2427.2002.00837.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.00837.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of organochlorine pesticides in ground water using solid-phase microextraction followed by dual-column gas chromatography with electron-capture detection AN - 16143034; 5583425 AB - A rapid, sensitive, convenient, and highly quality-assured method is presented for the determination of 19 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in small samples (10 ml) of ground water. Samples are initially fortified with 2,4,5,6-tetrachloro-m-xylene (surrogate) and decachlorobiphenyl (retention time marker), then extracted with a 30- mu m thickness polydimethylsiloxane solid-phase microextraction fiber. The analytes collected are thermally desorbed in a heated gas chromatographic inlet, separated using independent fused-silica capillary columns ("primary" and "confirmatory"), and detected using electron-capture detection. Two independent statistical procedures were used to evaluate the detection limits, which typically range between 10 and 40 ng l super(-1), for these analytes. Method performance was also evaluated using two additional protocols employing "performance evaluation" samples, in which authentic ground water samples were fortified to ca. 100 ng l super(-1) in each of at least six OCPs. The method satisfies additional strict criteria based on uniformity of fiber performance and minimal degradation of the thermally-sensitive analytes endrin and DDT. JF - Journal of Chromatography A AU - Tomkins, BA AU - Barnard, A R AD - Environmental Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6120, USA Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 21 EP - 33 VL - 964 IS - 1-2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Pollution detection KW - Organochlorine compounds KW - Gas chromatography KW - Pesticides KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Water analysis KW - Pesticides (Organochlorine) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16143034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.atitle=Determination+of+organochlorine+pesticides+in+ground+water+using+solid-phase+microextraction+followed+by+dual-column+gas+chromatography+with+electron-capture+detection&rft.au=Tomkins%2C+BA%3BBarnard%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Tomkins&rft.aufirst=BA&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=964&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0021-9673%2802%2900592-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Organochlorine compounds; Pollution detection; Gas chromatography; Pesticides; Groundwater pollution; Pollution (Groundwater); Water analysis; Pesticides (Organochlorine) DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)00592-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A theoretical investigation of two possible modifications to reduce pollutant emissions from a diesel engine AN - 16137131; 5492575 AB - The goal of the study is to present and to evaluate theoretically two strategies for reducing simultaneously both particulate and NO emission from a compression-ignited, direct injection engine. x The emission reduction strategies to be considered here include auxiliary exhaust gas injection (AEGI) and a combination of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and AEGI. The auxiliary gas injection (AGI) process consists of the injection of a gas directly into the combustion chamber of a diesel engine during the combustion stroke to enhance fluid mixing. Increased mixing during the combustion process can lower the emission of both soot and NO sub(x). AEGI is a process whereby exhaust gas is the injected gas used in AGI. To predict the effect of AEGI on diesel engine combustion and emission, a gas injection model was developed and used with a multidimensional simulation computer code, KIVA. The program is used to evaluate the combined effect of AEGI and EGR on pollutant emissions in a Caterpillar diesel engine. The results demonstrate that the injection timing of AEGI affects soot emissions quite differently to NO sub(x) emissions. A combination of EGR and AEGI is found to be more effective than AEGI alone for the maximum simultaneous reduction of soot and NO sub(x) emissions. It is predicted that the EGR and AEGI combination can reduce both particulate and NO sub(x) emissions by almost 50 per cent over baseline. JF - Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering AU - Gao, Z AU - Schreiber, W AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 619 EP - 628 VL - 216 IS - 7 SN - 0954-4070, 0954-4070 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Automotive engineering KW - Emission control KW - Air pollution control KW - Particulates KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - Internal combustion engines KW - Diesel engines KW - Exhaust emissions KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16137131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Institution+of+Mechanical+Engineers%2C+Part+D%3A+Journal+of+Automobile+Engineering&rft.atitle=A+theoretical+investigation+of+two+possible+modifications+to+reduce+pollutant+emissions+from+a+diesel+engine&rft.au=Gao%2C+Z%3BSchreiber%2C+W&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=216&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Institution+of+Mechanical+Engineers%2C+Part+D%3A+Journal+of+Automobile+Engineering&rft.issn=09544070&rft_id=info:doi/10.1243%2F095440702760178631 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Automotive engineering; Air pollution control; Emission control; Particulates; Internal combustion engines; Nitrogen oxides; Diesel engines; Exhaust emissions DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440702760178631 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Challenges in applying microarrays to environmental studies. AN - 71989104; 12180093 AB - Although DNA microarray technology has been used successfully to analyze global gene expression in pure cultures, it has not been rigorously tested and evaluated within the context of complex environmental samples. Adapting microarray hybridization for use in environmental studies faces several challenges associated with specificity, sensitivity and quantitation. JF - Current opinion in biotechnology AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Thompson, Dorothea K AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 204 EP - 207 VL - 13 IS - 3 SN - 0958-1669, 0958-1669 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Quality Control KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis -- trends KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation KW - Environmental Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71989104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+opinion+in+biotechnology&rft.atitle=Challenges+in+applying+microarrays+to+environmental+studies.&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Jizhong%3BThompson%2C+Dorothea+K&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Jizhong&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+opinion+in+biotechnology&rft.issn=09581669&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-08 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intact protein analysis for site-directed mutagenesis overexpression products: plasmid-encoded R67 dihydrofolate reductase. AN - 71699784; 12018947 AB - Mass spectrometry is currently the method of choice for the analysis of recombinant protein expression products. By combining proteolytic digestion with peptide mapping and tandem mass spectrometry techniques, verification of site-directed mutagenesis products can be obtained. The proteolytic digestion step converts a purified recombinant protein into a mixture that must be reseparated, thus greatly increasing the analysis time associated with the confirmation of site-directed mutagenesis products. Ion/ion reaction chemistry combined with quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry provides a fast and efficient way to analyze intact proteins for the correct site-directed mutagenesis products, without heavy reliance on the proteolytic digestion step. Analysis of a series of protein variants (I68M, I68Q, Y69F, and Q67Y) from plasmid-encoded R67 dihydrofolate reductase using ion/ion reaction chemistry confirmed the presence of the correct site-directed mutagenesis products. For the I68M mutant, ion/ion separations detected the presence of extensive degradation from the N-terminal end of the protein. In the case of the Q67Y mutant, a mixture of Q67Y and Q67C species was detected by employing tandem mass spectrometry combined with ion/ion reactions. The ion/ion reaction technique was also performed on a partially purified lysate of the Q67Y/C mixture and successfully screened for the presence of both components in a complex mixture. The ion/ion reaction approach achieved the same results as the proteolytic-digestion-based methodology in a much shorter analysis time. JF - Analytical biochemistry AU - VerBerkmoes, Nathan C AU - Strader, Michael B AU - Smiley, R Derike AU - Howell, Elizabeth E AU - Hurst, Gregory B AU - Hettich, Robert L AU - Stephenson, James L AD - Organic and Biological Mass Spectrometry Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 5510, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6365, USA. Y1 - 2002/06/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 01 SP - 68 EP - 81 VL - 305 IS - 1 SN - 0003-2697, 0003-2697 KW - Amino Acids KW - 0 KW - Peptide Fragments KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.5.1.3 KW - Serine Endopeptidases KW - EC 3.4.21.- KW - glutamyl endopeptidase KW - EC 3.4.21.19 KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization KW - Peptide Mapping KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Plasmids -- genetics KW - Serine Endopeptidases -- chemistry KW - Amino Acids -- genetics KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Escherichia coli -- enzymology KW - Binding Sites KW - Serine Endopeptidases -- metabolism KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Chromatography -- methods KW - Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Mutation -- genetics KW - Time Factors KW - Peptide Fragments -- chemistry KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed -- genetics KW - Peptide Fragments -- analysis KW - Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase -- analysis KW - Recombinant Proteins -- chemistry KW - Recombinant Proteins -- genetics KW - Recombinant Proteins -- analysis KW - Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase -- metabolism KW - Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71699784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+biochemistry&rft.atitle=Intact+protein+analysis+for+site-directed+mutagenesis+overexpression+products%3A+plasmid-encoded+R67+dihydrofolate+reductase.&rft.au=VerBerkmoes%2C+Nathan+C%3BStrader%2C+Michael+B%3BSmiley%2C+R+Derike%3BHowell%2C+Elizabeth+E%3BHurst%2C+Gregory+B%3BHettich%2C+Robert+L%3BStephenson%2C+James+L&rft.aulast=VerBerkmoes&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=305&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+biochemistry&rft.issn=00032697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-18 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vascular-targeted radioimmunotherapy with the alpha-particle emitter 211At. AN - 71691345; 12005541 AB - Astatine-211, an alpha-particle emitter, was employed in a model system for vascular-targeted radioimmunotherapy of small tumors in mouse lung to compare its performance relative to other radioisotopes in the same system. Astatine-211 was coupled to the lung blood vessel-targeting monoclonal antibody 201B with N-succinimidyl N-(4-[211At]astatophenethyl) succinamate linker. Biodistribution data showed that the conjugate delivered 211At to the lung (260-418% ID/g), where it remained with a biological half-time of about 30 h. BALB/c mice bearing about 100 lung tumor colonies of EMT-6 cells, each about 2000 cells in size, were treated with 211At-labeled monoclonal antibody 201B. The administered activity of 185 kBq per animal extended the life span of treated mice over untreated controls. Injections of 370 kBq, corresponding to an absorbed dose of 25-40 Gy, were necessary to eradicate all of the lung tumors. Mice receiving 740 kBq of 211At-labeled monoclonal antibody 201B developed pulmonary fibrosis 3-4 months after treatment, as did mice treated with 3700 kBq of the alpha-particle emitter 213Bi-labeled monoclonal antibody 201B in previous work. Animals that were injected with 211At bound to untargeted IgG or to glycine, as control agents, also demonstrated therapeutic effects relative to untreated controls. Control groups that received untargeted 211At required about twice as much administered activity for effective therapy as did groups with lung-targeted radioisotope. These results were not consistent with radioisotope biodistribution and dosimetry calculations that indicated that lung-targeted 211At should be at least 10-fold more efficient for lung colony therapy than 211At bound to nontargeting controls. The data showed that 211At is useful for vascular-targeted radioimmunotherapy because lung tumor colonies were eradicated in the mice. Work in this model system demonstrates that vascular targeting of alpha-particle emitters is an efficient therapy for small perivascular tumors and may be applicable to human disease when specific targeting agents are identified. JF - Radiation research AU - Kennel, S J AU - Mirzadeh, S AU - Eckelman, W C AU - Waldmann, T A AU - Garmestani, K AU - Yordanov, A T AU - Stabin, M G AU - Brechbiel, M W AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. SJ9@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 633 EP - 641 VL - 157 IS - 6 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Astatine KW - XI595HAL7H KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Solubility KW - Fibrosis -- radiotherapy KW - Radiation Tolerance KW - Mice KW - Organ Specificity KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Survival Rate KW - Radioisotopes -- metabolism KW - Radioisotopes -- therapeutic use KW - Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Time Factors KW - Radioisotopes -- administration & dosage KW - Alpha Particles -- therapeutic use KW - Lung Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Lung Neoplasms -- blood supply KW - Astatine -- metabolism KW - Astatine -- administration & dosage KW - Astatine -- therapeutic use KW - Radioimmunotherapy -- methods KW - Astatine -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71691345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Vascular-targeted+radioimmunotherapy+with+the+alpha-particle+emitter+211At.&rft.au=Kennel%2C+S+J%3BMirzadeh%2C+S%3BEckelman%2C+W+C%3BWaldmann%2C+T+A%3BGarmestani%2C+K%3BYordanov%2C+A+T%3BStabin%2C+M+G%3BBrechbiel%2C+M+W&rft.aulast=Kennel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=157&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=633&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-06-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources of lead in the San Cristobal, Pulacayo, and Potosi mining districts, Bolivia, and a reevaluation of regional ore lead isotope provinces AN - 52075014; 2002-064870 AB - New lead isotope data on ores, crustal rocks, and leachates of crustal rocks, combined with data in the literature, provide important new constraints on the sources of ore metals in southwest to south-central Bolivia, including the very large recently discovered silver-zinc deposit at San Cristobal, the Pulacayo polymetallic district, and the giant Potosi silver-tin-base metal deposit. Lead isotope ratios of ores and igneous rocks from the San Cristobal deposit and from Paleozoic and Cretaceous sedimentary rocks are compared with published data on high-grade Middle Proterozoic metamorphic basement rocks. These data constrain the major source of lead, and by inference of other ore metals, at San Cristobal to be the metamorphic basement rocks. Leaching experiments on samples of Paleozoic and Cretaceous sedimentary rocks show that the easily leachable lead from these rocks is much less radiogenic than the whole-rock compositions. However, lead isotope ratios of both whole rocks and leachates of these upper crustal rocks are too radiogenic for them to be major sources of ore lead at San Cristobal. Lead isotope ratios of ores from Pulacayo and Potosi are similar to each other and lie within the range of Paleozoic and Cretaceous sedimentary whole-rock compositions. Leaching of Pb from the sedimentary rocks cannot explain the isotopic compositions of the Pulacayo and Potosi ores, and the isotopic homogeneity of the Potosi ores also argues against mixing of lead from diverse sources in the hydrothermal system. Lead from the sedimentary rocks may have been incorporated by magmatic assimilation followed by extraction of ore metals from the resulting magma. Lead isotope ratios of San Cristobal ores are different from those of Pulacayo, Potosi, and other deposits to the east, but resemble the compositions of ores and volcanic rocks in western Bolivia. On this basis we identify a new ore lead isotope province extending from San Cristobal northward across the eastern Altiplano and into southern Peru. This province is coincident with but smaller than the extent of the proposed Arequipa-Antofalla metamorphic basement craton. The degree of incorporation of ore metals from the metamorphic basement appears to depend on the timing and/or location of the mineralizing event. Ore deposits in the northern part of province IV formed before the thickening of Andean crust, beginning around 20 Ma, and incorporated minor amounts of metals from the metamorphic basement. Younger deposits farther to the south contain major to dominant components of basement lead. JF - Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists AU - Kamenov, George AU - Macfarlane, Andrew W AU - Riciputi, Lee R Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 573 EP - 592 PB - Economic Geology Publishing Company, Lancaster, PA VL - 97 IS - 3 SN - 0361-0128, 0361-0128 KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - upper Precambrian KW - isotopes KW - Cretaceous KW - lead KW - stable isotopes KW - silver ores KW - evaluation KW - Bolivia KW - assimilation KW - sedimentary rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - whole rock KW - metamorphic rocks KW - polymetallic ores KW - mineralization KW - leachate KW - base metals KW - San Cristobal Deposit KW - Altiplano KW - Pb-207/Pb-204 KW - lead ores KW - Precambrian KW - tin ores KW - Potosi mining district KW - Pb-206/Pb-204 KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - Proterozoic KW - Mesozoic KW - Mesoproterozoic KW - South America KW - Pulacayo mining district KW - metals KW - magmas KW - homogeneity KW - metal ores KW - Pb-208/Pb-204 KW - crust KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52075014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Economic+Geology+and+the+Bulletin+of+the+Society+of+Economic+Geologists&rft.atitle=Sources+of+lead+in+the+San+Cristobal%2C+Pulacayo%2C+and+Potosi+mining+districts%2C+Bolivia%2C+and+a+reevaluation+of+regional+ore+lead+isotope+provinces&rft.au=Kamenov%2C+George%3BMacfarlane%2C+Andrew+W%3BRiciputi%2C+Lee+R&rft.aulast=Kamenov&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Economic+Geology+and+the+Bulletin+of+the+Society+of+Economic+Geologists&rft.issn=03610128&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.segweb.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 78 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ECGLAL N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Altiplano; assimilation; base metals; Bolivia; Cretaceous; crust; evaluation; homogeneity; isotope ratios; isotopes; leachate; lead; lead ores; magmas; Mesoproterozoic; Mesozoic; metal ores; metals; metamorphic rocks; mineral deposits, genesis; mineralization; Paleozoic; Pb-206/Pb-204; Pb-207/Pb-204; Pb-208/Pb-204; polymetallic ores; Potosi mining district; Precambrian; Proterozoic; Pulacayo mining district; radioactive isotopes; San Cristobal Deposit; sedimentary rocks; silver ores; South America; stable isotopes; tin ores; upper Precambrian; whole rock ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Is the Arctic a missing sink for mercury? New measurements of depletion events, deposition, and speciation in air and snow at Point Barrow, Alaska AN - 52006753; 2003-026834 JF - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments AU - Lindberg, Steve E Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 19 VL - EPA/625/R-02/005 KW - United States KW - pollutants KW - Arctic region KW - sinks KW - pollution KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - Point Barrow KW - variations KW - measurement KW - deposition KW - metals KW - arctic environment KW - snow KW - Northern Alaska KW - Alaska KW - air KW - depletion KW - mercury KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52006753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Lindberg%2C+Steve+E&rft.aulast=Lindberg&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Is+the+Arctic+a+missing+sink+for+mercury%3F+New+measurements+of+depletion+events%2C+deposition%2C+and+speciation+in+air+and+snow+at+Point+Barrow%2C+Alaska&rft.title=Is+the+Arctic+a+missing+sink+for+mercury%3F+New+measurements+of+depletion+events%2C+deposition%2C+and+speciation+in+air+and+snow+at+Point+Barrow%2C+Alaska&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Assessing the role of plants in the biogeochemical cycle of mercury AN - 52002165; 2003-026861 JF - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments AU - Gustin, Mae Sexauer AU - Benesch, J A AU - Schorran, D E AU - Johnson, D A AU - Lindberg, Steve E AU - Coleman, J Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 VL - EPA/625/R-02/005 KW - soils KW - forests KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - EcoCELL KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - geochemical cycle KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - soil gases KW - geochemistry KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gustin%2C+Mae+Sexauer%3BBenesch%2C+J+A%3BSchorran%2C+D+E%3BJohnson%2C+D+A%3BLindberg%2C+Steve+E%3BColeman%2C+J&rft.aulast=Gustin&rft.aufirst=Mae&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Assessing+the+role+of+plants+in+the+biogeochemical+cycle+of+mercury&rft.title=Assessing+the+role+of+plants+in+the+biogeochemical+cycle+of+mercury&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - An overview of mercury cycling in the boreal ecosystem AN - 52002139; 2003-026848 JF - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments AU - St Louis, Vincent L AU - Rudd, John W M AU - Kelly, Carol A AU - Hall, Britt D AU - Rolfhus, Kristofer R AU - Scott, Karen J AU - Bodaly, R Drew AU - Beaty, Ken AU - Lindberg, Steve E Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 VL - EPA/625/R-02/005 KW - soils KW - Plantae KW - terrestrial environment KW - pollutants KW - drainage KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - bioavailability KW - organo-metallics KW - Ontario KW - geochemical cycle KW - boreal environment KW - organic compounds KW - methylmercury KW - Canada KW - metals KW - drainage basins KW - ecology KW - Eastern Canada KW - geochemistry KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=St+Louis%2C+Vincent+L%3BRudd%2C+John+W+M%3BKelly%2C+Carol+A%3BHall%2C+Britt+D%3BRolfhus%2C+Kristofer+R%3BScott%2C+Karen+J%3BBodaly%2C+R+Drew%3BBeaty%2C+Ken%3BLindberg%2C+Steve+E&rft.aulast=St+Louis&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=An+overview+of+mercury+cycling+in+the+boreal+ecosystem&rft.title=An+overview+of+mercury+cycling+in+the+boreal+ecosystem&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Putting into perspective mercury emissions from geologic sources AN - 52001407; 2003-026849 JF - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments AU - Gustin, Mae Sexauer AU - Coolbaugh, Mark F AU - Engle, Mark A AU - Fitzgerald, Brian C AU - Lindberg, Steve E AU - Nacht, David M AU - Rytuba, James J AU - Zehner, Richard E Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 VL - EPA/625/R-02/005 KW - concentration KW - patterns KW - natural materials KW - background level KW - atmosphere KW - metasomatism KW - metals KW - metal ores KW - precious metals KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - base metals KW - geochemistry KW - mercury KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52001407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gustin%2C+Mae+Sexauer%3BCoolbaugh%2C+Mark+F%3BEngle%2C+Mark+A%3BFitzgerald%2C+Brian+C%3BLindberg%2C+Steve+E%3BNacht%2C+David+M%3BRytuba%2C+James+J%3BZehner%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Gustin&rft.aufirst=Mae&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Putting+into+perspective+mercury+emissions+from+geologic+sources&rft.title=Putting+into+perspective+mercury+emissions+from+geologic+sources&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Photochemistry of mercury in Saginaw Bay watershed, Michigan; annual USEPA STAR Project Meeting AN - 52000312; 2003-026856 JF - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments AU - Nriagu, Jerome AU - Jung, Peter AU - Wang, Xiaqin AU - Zhang, Hong AU - Kuiken, Todd AU - Lindberg, Steve E Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 VL - EPA/625/R-02/005 KW - United States KW - STAR Program KW - government agencies KW - watersheds KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - chemical properties KW - Great Lakes KW - geochemistry KW - mercury KW - soils KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - hydrology KW - North America KW - experimental studies KW - Lake Huron KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - photochemistry KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - Saginaw Bay KW - gases KW - wetlands KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - streams KW - Michigan KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52000312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Nriagu%2C+Jerome%3BJung%2C+Peter%3BWang%2C+Xiaqin%3BZhang%2C+Hong%3BKuiken%2C+Todd%3BLindberg%2C+Steve+E&rft.aulast=Nriagu&rft.aufirst=Jerome&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Photochemistry+of+mercury+in+Saginaw+Bay+watershed%2C+Michigan%3B+annual+USEPA+STAR+Project+Meeting&rft.title=Photochemistry+of+mercury+in+Saginaw+Bay+watershed%2C+Michigan%3B+annual+USEPA+STAR+Project+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on the fate, transport, and transformation of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial environments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Fractal Landscape Realizer for Generating Synthetic Maps AN - 18878753; 5732127 AB - A fractal landscape realizer has been developed that generates synthetic landscape maps to user specifications. The alternative landscape realizations are not identical to the actual maps after which they are patterned, but are similar statistically (i.e., the areas and fractal character of each category are replicated). A fractal or self-affine pattern generator is used to provide a spatial probability surface for each category in the synthetic map. The Fractal Realizer arbitrates contentions among categories in a way that makes it possible to preserve the fractal patterns of all the categories in the resulting synthetic landscape. Each synthetic landscape is one equally likely realization from among an infinite ensemble of possible fractal landscape combinations. Synthetic landscapes produced by the Fractal Realizer have been tested using a variant of the Turing Test. More than 100 map experts were presented with a series of 20 selections of paired maps, and asked to distinguish the real map from the synthetic realization. The resulting population of scores was not significantly different from a random binomial, suggesting that the experts were unable to discern the synthetic maps from the actual ones. Statistical landscape indices computed for 25 different synthetic realizations are compared with the values computed for the actual maps. The Fractal Realizer can be used as a stochastic generator of synthetic input maps to a spatially explicit simulation model to test the effects of landscape rearrangement on the uncertainty of model parameter estimates. The sensitivity of stochastic spatial simulations to prescribed input landscapes can be evaluated by supplying them with a series of synthetic maps that obey particular statistical characteristics and by monitoring changes in selected output responses. Statistically similar input landscapes with different spatial arrangements can be generated and supplied to spatial models as a hedge against pseudoreplication. JF - Conservation Ecology AU - Hargrove, W W AU - Hoffman, F M AU - Schwartz, P M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1507, Room 211, Mail Stop 6407, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6407, USA, hnw@fire.esd.ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - Jun 2002 SP - 2 PB - Ecological Society of America VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1195-5449, 1195-5449 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04100:Terrestrial ecosystems - general KW - D 04001:Methodology - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18878753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Ecology&rft.atitle=A+Fractal+Landscape+Realizer+for+Generating+Synthetic+Maps&rft.au=Hargrove%2C+W+W%3BHoffman%2C+F+M%3BSchwartz%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Hargrove&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Ecology&rft.issn=11955449&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An initial intercomparison of micrometeorological and ecological inventory estimates of carbon exchange in a mid-latitude deciduous forest AN - 18412521; 5399904 AB - The role of mid-latitude forests in the sequestration of carbon (C) is of interest to an increasing number of scientists and policy-makers alike. Net CO sub(2) exchange can be estimated on an annual basis, using eddy-covariance techniques or from ecological inventories of C fluxes to and from a forest. Here we present an intercomparison of annual estimates of C exchange in a mixed hardwood forest in the Morgan-Monroe State Forest, Indiana, USA for two years, 1998 and 1999. Based on eddy-covariance measurements made at 1.8 times canopy height from a tower, C uptake by the forest was 237 and 287 g C m super(-2) y super(-1) for 1998 and 1999, respectively. For the same time period, biometric and ecophysiological measures and modelled estimates of all significant carbon fluxes within deciduous forests were made, including: change in living biomass, aboveground and belowground detritus production, foliage consumption, and forest floor and soil respiration. Using this ecological inventory method for these same two time periods, C uptake was estimated to be 271 and 377 g C m super(-2) y super(-1) , which are 14.3% and 31.4% larger, respectively, than the tower-based values. The relative change between this method's annual estimates is consistent with that of the eddy-covariance based values. Our results indicate that the difference in annual C exchange rates was due to reduced heterotrophic soil respiration in 1999. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Ehman, J L AU - Schmid, H P AU - Grimmond, C S AU - Randolph, J C AU - Hanson, P J AU - Wayson, CA AU - Cropley, F D AD - School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA 47405, Atmospheric Science Program, Department of Geography, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA 47405, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA 37831, jlehman@indiana.edu Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - Jun 2002 SP - 575 EP - 589 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 8 IS - 6 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04125:Temperate forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18412521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=An+initial+intercomparison+of+micrometeorological+and+ecological+inventory+estimates+of+carbon+exchange+in+a+mid-latitude+deciduous+forest&rft.au=Ehman%2C+J+L%3BSchmid%2C+H+P%3BGrimmond%2C+C+S%3BRandolph%2C+J+C%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BWayson%2C+CA%3BCropley%2C+F+D&rft.aulast=Ehman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2486.2002.00492.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00492.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct transesterification of gases by "dry" immobilized lipase AN - 18380226; 5364067 AB - Several different reactor configurations, including single pass, continuous recycle, and batch reactor modes, were used to investigate the effects of temperature and water activity, or relative humidity, on lipase-catalyzed, gas-phase transesterifications. Temperature and relative humidity were controlled both inside reactors and throughout the course of the reaction to account for and optimize their effects. Results indicated that, at low relative humidity, reaction rates increased with temperature up to 60 degree C. However, when relative humidity was increased, a similar increase in temperature resulted in the loss of nearly all enzyme activity. These results are consistent with the idea that enzymes without free water are more thermally stable. Furthermore, at constant ambient temperatures, production increased dramatically with an increase in relative humidity, confirming the idea that an increase in water activity increases catalytic activity. A mass balance performed on reactors at higher relative humidity revealed that hydrolysis (rather than transesterification) of the ester substrate could significantly decrease product yields. JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Cameron, P A AU - Davison, B H AU - Frymier, P D AU - Barton, J W AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6226, USA, davisonbh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/05/05/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 May 05 SP - 251 EP - 256 VL - 78 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W2 32210:Immobilization KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18380226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Direct+transesterification+of+gases+by+%22dry%22+immobilized+lipase&rft.au=Cameron%2C+P+A%3BDavison%2C+B+H%3BFrymier%2C+P+D%3BBarton%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Cameron&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-05-05&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbit.10150 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.10150 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Properties of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes immobilized in sol-gel beads: stabilization of invertase and beta -glucosidase by Blue Dextran AN - 18431315; 5412500 AB - When immobilized in sol-gels, invertase ( beta -fructofuranosidase) from Candida utilis and beta -glucosidase from Pyrococcus furiosus had activity recovery values of 30 and 28%, respectively. However, if Blue Dextran (0.04%) was included in the immobilization-reaction mixture, the respective recovery values increased to 63 and 52%. Glucose dehydrogenase from Thermoplasma acidophilum immobilized by the same method lost most of its activity and Blue Dextran had no effect on the recovery of activity during the immobilization procedure. The immobilized enzymes required treatment with glutaraldehyde in order to maintain their activity within the sol-gel matrix during continuous reaction with their respective substrates. JF - Biotechnology Letters AU - O'Neill, H AU - Angley, C V AU - Hemery, I AU - Evans, B R AU - Dai, S AU - Woodward, J AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6194, USA, oneillhm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/05/02/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 May 02 SP - 783 EP - 790 VL - 24 IS - 10 SN - 0141-5492, 0141-5492 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W2 32210:Immobilization KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18431315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+Letters&rft.atitle=Properties+of+carbohydrate-metabolizing+enzymes+immobilized+in+sol-gel+beads%3A+stabilization+of+invertase+and+beta+-glucosidase+by+Blue+Dextran&rft.au=O%27Neill%2C+H%3BAngley%2C+C+V%3BHemery%2C+I%3BEvans%2C+B+R%3BDai%2C+S%3BWoodward%2C+J&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-05-02&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=783&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+Letters&rft.issn=01415492&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts on Streams from the Use of Sulfur-Based Compounds for Dechlorinating Industrial Effluents AN - 1777167119; 13726854 AB - We evaluate environmental impacts associated with sulfur-baseddechlorinating agents (sodium bisulfite and sodium thiosulfate)commonly used in industrial wastewater treatment by presentingdata from two examples for Department of Energy facilities inTennessee and Kentucky. One case involved a fish kill (> 24,000 fish) caused directly by sodium bisulfite; the second describes a near-miss situation resulting from over-dosing with sodium thiosulfate. Toxicity tests showed that overfeed situations withsodium thiosulfate or sodium bisulfite can depress pH and dissolved oxygen, causing mortality of fish. Bacteria also can metabolize some sulfur-based dechlorinating agents, thereby increasing the potential for reductions in pH and concentrationsof dissolved oxygen. Although removing toxic levels of chlorine is important when releasing chlorine-containing wastewaters to aquatic systems, waste-treatment plant operators should also beaware of significant impacts that can occur if sulfur-based dechlorinating agents are used to excess. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Ryon, Michael G AU - Stewart, Arthur J AU - Kszos, Lynn A AU - Phipps, Terry L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6036 ryonmg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 255 EP - 268 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 136 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Sodium KW - Dechlorination KW - Bacteria KW - Dissolution KW - Fish KW - Toxicity KW - Waste water KW - pH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777167119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Impacts+on+Streams+from+the+Use+of+Sulfur-Based+Compounds+for+Dechlorinating+Industrial+Effluents&rft.au=Ryon%2C+Michael+G%3BStewart%2C+Arthur+J%3BKszos%2C+Lynn+A%3BPhipps%2C+Terry+L&rft.aulast=Ryon&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1015264509699 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015264509699 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selective Separation of Hydroxide from Alkaline Nuclear Tank Waste by Liquid-Liquid Extraction with Weak Hydroxy Acids AN - 16139078; 5475946 AB - Recovery and recycle of caustic reagents in industrial processes offer potential means of pollution prevention, as investigated herein for particular needs related to the cleanup of alkaline nuclear waste. Specifically, the recovery of hydroxide from alkaline media by liquid-liquid extraction can be effected utilizing weak hydroxy acids, as demonstrated for NaOH utilizing a series of lipophilic fluorinated alcohols and alkylated phenols dissolved in 1-octanol. Extraction efficiency follows the expected order of acidity of the hydroxy acids, the phenols being the most efficient extractants among the compounds tested. After extraction, NaOH is effectively recoverable from the organic phase upon contact with water. The weakest hydroxy acids are the most efficiently stripped, NaOH recovery being nearly quantitative in a single contact. In competitive extraction experiments, good selectivity for hydroxide recovery over other anions such as nitrate and chloride was demonstrated. Since the order of extraction favors larger anions, the exceptional preference for hydroxide implies that the extraction occurs by deprotonation of the hydroxy acids in a cation-exchange process. Stripping therefore occurs by hydrolysis to regenerate the neutral hydroxy acid, liberating NaOH to the aqueous phase. Since hydroxide equivalents rather than actual hydroxide ions are transferred to the solvent, the process is termed "pseudohydroxide extraction." Hydroxide recovery from a simulant of alkaline nuclear tank waste (Hanford DSSF simulant) was also demonstrated in repeated extraction and stripping cycles. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Chambliss, C K AU - Haverlock, T J AU - Bonnesen, P V AU - Engle, N L AU - Moyer, BA AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6119, USA, moyerba@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/04/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 15 SP - 1861 EP - 1867 VL - 36 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - hydroxides KW - hydroxy acids KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Solvent extraction KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Materials recovery KW - Separation processes KW - Waste treatment KW - Hydrolysis KW - Phenols KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16139078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Selective+Separation+of+Hydroxide+from+Alkaline+Nuclear+Tank+Waste+by+Liquid-Liquid+Extraction+with+Weak+Hydroxy+Acids&rft.au=Chambliss%2C+C+K%3BHaverlock%2C+T+J%3BBonnesen%2C+P+V%3BEngle%2C+N+L%3BMoyer%2C+BA&rft.aulast=Chambliss&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-04-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1861&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Solvent extraction; Materials recovery; Radioactive wastes; Waste treatment; Separation processes; Hydrolysis; Phenols ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytic signal approach and its applicability in environmental magnetic investigations AN - 52087657; 2002-054491 AB - We investigate the analytic signal method and its applicability in obtaining source locations of compact environmental magnetic objects. Previous investigations have shown that, for two-dimensional magnetic sources, the shape and location of the maxima of the amplitude of the analytic signal (AAS) are independent of the magnetization direction. In this study, we show that the shape of the AAS over magnetic dipole or sphere source is dependent on the direction of magnetization and, consequently, the maxima of the AAS are not always located directly over the dipolar sources. Maximum shift in the horizontal location is obtained for magnetic inclination of 30 degrees . The shifts of the maxima are a function of the source-to-observation distance and they can be up to 30% of the distance. We also present a method of estimating the depths of compact magnetic objects based on the ratio of the AAS of the magnetic anomaly to the AAS of the vertical gradient of the magnetic anomaly. The estimated depths are independent of the magnetization direction. With the help of magnetic anomalies over environmental targets of buried steel drums, we show that the depths can be reliably estimated in most cases. Therefore, the analytic signal approach can be useful in estimating source locations of compact magnetic objects. However, horizontal locations of the targets derived from the maximum values of the AAS must be verified using other techniques. JF - Journal of Applied Geophysics AU - Salem, Ahmed AU - Ravat, Dhananjay AU - Gamey, T Jeffrey AU - Ushijima, Keisuke Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 231 EP - 244 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 49 IS - 4 SN - 0926-9851, 0926-9851 KW - hazardous waste KW - orientation KW - geophysical methods KW - magnetization KW - magnetic anomalies KW - paleomagnetism KW - elastic waves KW - environmental analysis KW - magnetic field KW - depth KW - signals KW - remanent magnetization KW - induced magnetization KW - amplitude KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52087657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Analytic+signal+approach+and+its+applicability+in+environmental+magnetic+investigations&rft.au=Salem%2C+Ahmed%3BRavat%2C+Dhananjay%3BGamey%2C+T+Jeffrey%3BUshijima%2C+Keisuke&rft.aulast=Salem&rft.aufirst=Ahmed&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Geophysics&rft.issn=09269851&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09269851 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOXAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; depth; elastic waves; environmental analysis; geophysical methods; hazardous waste; induced magnetization; magnetic anomalies; magnetic field; magnetization; orientation; paleomagnetism; remanent magnetization; signals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ detection of calcium ions with chemically modified microcantilevers AN - 18573061; 5368674 AB - We report a novel technique of micromechanical detection of trace amounts of calcium ions by using microcantilevers modified with ion-selective self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The SAM-modified microcantilevers undergo bending due to selective adsorption of calcium ions. Experiments conducted under flow conditions show that the modified cantilevers respond sensitively to calcium ions (Ca super(2+)); a Ca super(2+) concentration of 10 super(-9) M can be detected with this technique. Other cations, such as Na super(+) and K super(+), do not have any effect on the deflection of these cantilevers. We demonstrate two different kinds of SAMs having selectivity for calcium ions. JF - Biosensors & Bioelectronics AU - Ji, H-F AU - Thundat, T AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6123, USA, thundattg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 337 EP - 343 VL - 17 IS - 4 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - microcantilevers KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts KW - Sodium KW - Measuring techniques KW - Potassium KW - Calcium (intracellular) KW - W4 230:Biosensors, Bioelectronics & Bioindicators KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - T 20019:Cellular calcium, channels and currents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18573061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.atitle=In+situ+detection+of+calcium+ions+with+chemically+modified+microcantilevers&rft.au=Ji%2C+H-F%3BThundat%2C+T&rft.aulast=Ji&rft.aufirst=H-F&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+%26+Bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Calcium (intracellular); Sodium; Potassium; Measuring techniques ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrating Diagnostics and Control for Reactor Systems AN - 18452517; 5428400 AB - This paper describes the Plant Computing Environment (PCE), a distributed computing environment supporting a high-level supervisory control and monitoring system. The goal is to coordinate plant fault detection, performance monitoring and control system settings so that the plant continues to meet performance specifications as plant conditions change. The study is aimed at future nuclear reactor systems and is supported by a Nuclear Energy Research Initiative grant, NERI-99/119. JF - Nuclear Plant Journal AU - Mullens, J AU - March-Leuba, J AU - Wood, R AU - Brittain, C AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 37 EP - 38,48 VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 0892-2055, 0892-2055 KW - fault detection KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18452517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Plant+Journal&rft.atitle=Integrating+Diagnostics+and+Control+for+Reactor+Systems&rft.au=Mullens%2C+J%3BMarch-Leuba%2C+J%3BWood%2C+R%3BBrittain%2C+C&rft.aulast=Mullens&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Plant+Journal&rft.issn=08922055&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic Oxidation of Gaseous Mercury in the Arctic Troposphere at Polar Sunrise AN - 18583250; 5402318 AB - Gaseous elemental mercury (Hg super(0)) is a globally distributed air toxin with a long atmospheric residence time. Any process that reduces its atmospheric lifetime increases its potential accumulation in the biosphere. Our data from Barrow, AK, at 71 degree N show that rapid, photochemically driven oxidation of boundary-layer Hg super(0) after polar sunrise, probably by reactive halogens, creates a rapidly depositing species of oxidized gaseous mercury in the remote Arctic troposphere at concentrations in excess of 900 pg m super(-3). This mercury accumulates in the snowpack during polar spring at an accelerated rate in a form that is bioavailable to bacteria and is released with snowmelt during the summer emergence of the Arctic ecosystem. Evidence suggests that this is a recent phenomenon that may be occurring throughout the earth's polar regions. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Lindberg, SE AU - Brooks, S AU - Lin, C-J AU - Scott, K J AU - Landis AU - Stevens, R K AU - Goodsite, M AU - Richter, A AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038, USA, Lindbergse@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 SP - 1245 EP - 1256 VL - 36 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Mercury in the atmosphere KW - Mercury in snow KW - Troposphere KW - Polar environments KW - Oxidation of mercury KW - Halogens in the atmosphere KW - Boundary layers KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Oxidation KW - Mercury KW - USA, Alaska, Barrow KW - Arctic KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18583250?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Dynamic+Oxidation+of+Gaseous+Mercury+in+the+Arctic+Troposphere+at+Polar+Sunrise&rft.au=Lindberg%2C+SE%3BBrooks%2C+S%3BLin%2C+C-J%3BScott%2C+K+J%3BLandis%3BStevens%2C+R+K%3BGoodsite%2C+M%3BRichter%2C+A&rft.aulast=Lindberg&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes0111941 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic; USA, Alaska, Barrow; Mercury; Oxidation; Atmospheric chemistry; Troposphere; Polar environments; Boundary layers; Mercury in the atmosphere; Oxidation of mercury; Halogens in the atmosphere; Mercury in snow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0111941 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improvement of photosynthetic CO sub(2) fixation at high light intensity through reduction of chlorophyll antenna size AN - 856761140; 13857899 AB - At elevated light intensities (greater than 200 kE/[m super(2).s]), the kinetic imbalance between the rate of photon excitation and thermally activated electron transport results in saturation of the rate of photosynthesis. Since maximum terrestrial solar radiation can reach 200 kE/(m super(2).s), a significant opportunity exists to improve photosynthetic efficiency at elevated light intensities by achieving a kinetic balance between photon excitation and electron transport, especially in designed large-scale photosynthetic reactors in which a low-cost and efficient biomass production system is desired. One such strategy is a reduction in chlorophyll (chl) antenna size in relation to the reaction center that it serves. In this article, we report recent progress in this area of research. Light-saturation studies for CO sub(2) fixation were performed on an antenna-deficient mutant of Chlamydomonas (DS521) and the wild type (DES15) with 700 ppm of CO sub(2) in air. The light-saturated rate for CO sub(2) assimilation in the mutant DS521 was about two times higher (187 kmol/[h.mg of chl]) than that of the wild type, DES15 (95 kmol/[h.mg of chl]). Significantly, a partial linearization of the light-saturation curve was also observed. These results confirmed that DS521 has a smaller relative chl antenna size and demonstrated that reduction of relative antenna size can improve the overall efficiency of photon utilization at higher light intensities. The antenna-deficient mutant DS521 can provide significant resistance to photoinhibition, in addition to improvement in the overall efficiency of CO sub(2) fixation at high light. The experimental data reported herein support the idea that reduction in chl antenna size could have significant implications for both fundamental understanding of photosynthesis and potential application to improve photosynthetic CO sub(2) fixation efficiency. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Lee, James W AU - Mets, Laurens AU - Greenbaum, Elias AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831-6194, Oak Ridge, TN, leejw@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 37 EP - 48 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 98-100 IS - 1-9 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Chlorophylls KW - Chlorophyll KW - Data processing KW - Light intensity KW - Photons KW - Photosynthesis KW - Photoinhibition KW - Fixation KW - Biomass KW - Solar radiation KW - Antennae KW - Light effects KW - Kinetics KW - Electron transport KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Chlamydomonas KW - Biotechnology KW - Reaction centers KW - Size KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856761140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Improvement+of+photosynthetic+CO+sub%282%29+fixation+at+high+light+intensity+through+reduction+of+chlorophyll+antenna+size&rft.au=Lee%2C+James+W%3BMets%2C+Laurens%3BGreenbaum%2C+Elias&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=98-100&rft.issue=1-9&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A98-100%3A1-9%3A37 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlorophylls; Light intensity; Photosynthesis; Fixation; Solar radiation; Carbon dioxide; Biotechnology; Size; Chlorophyll; Data processing; Photons; Photoinhibition; Biomass; Antennae; Light effects; Kinetics; Electron transport; Reaction centers; Chlamydomonas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:98-100:1-9:37 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An approach to comparative assessments of potential health risks from exposure to radionuclides and hazardous chemicals. AN - 71570557; 11934116 AB - The need to compare potential health risks to the public associated with different activities that can result in releases of hazardous substances to the environment is becoming increasingly important in decision-making. In making such comparisons, it is desirable to use equivalent indicators of potential health risks for radionuclides, chemical carcinogens, and noncarcinogenic hazardous chemicals. Current approaches to risk assessment that were developed for purposes of protecting human health do not provide equivalent indicators of potential risks from exposure to radionuclides and hazardous chemicals. Comparisons of environmental concentrations or calculated exposures or risks with standards for protection of public health also do not provide equivalent indicators of potential risks. We propose a simple approach to comparative risk assessments in which calculated exposures to any hazardous substances are expressed relative to no-observed-effect levels (NOELs) or, preferably, lower confidence limits of benchmark doses (BMDLs) in humans. This approach provides an equivalent, science-based indicator of the relative risks posed by different exposures to any hazardous substances. JF - Environment international AU - Kocher, D C AU - Greim, H AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6480, USA. dck@senes.com Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 663 EP - 671 VL - 27 IS - 8 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Radioactive Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Reference Values KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Public Health KW - Hazardous Substances -- adverse effects KW - Radioactive Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Benchmarking UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71570557?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+international&rft.atitle=An+approach+to+comparative+assessments+of+potential+health+risks+from+exposure+to+radionuclides+and+hazardous+chemicals.&rft.au=Kocher%2C+D+C%3BGreim%2C+H&rft.aulast=Kocher&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+international&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-10 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace element contamination in benthic macroinvertebrates from a small stream near a uranium mill tailings site. AN - 71492502; 11878642 AB - Direct measurement of the accumulation of non-radioactive trace elements in aquatic biota near uranium mining or processing sites has been relatively rare, with greater focus on the radiological activity in the adjacent soils and groundwater. To evaluate the potential ecological concern associated with trace elements at a former uranium mill site in southeastern Utah, benthic macroinvertebrates were collected and analyzed for 17 trace elements from multiple locations within a small on-site stream, Montezuma Creek, and a nearby reference stream. Key questions of this study relate to the spatial and temporal extent of contamination in aquatic biota, the potential ecological risks associated with that contamination, and the usefulness of benthic macroinvertebrates as a monitoring tool at this site. Composite samples of similar macroinvertebrate taxa and functional feeding groups were collected from each site over a two year period that was representative of normal and dry-year conditions. In both years, mean concentrations of arsenic, molybdenum, selenium, and vanadium were significantly higher (a factor of 2-4 times: P < 0.05) in macroinvertebrates collected from one or both of the two Montezuma Creek sites immediately downstream of the mill tailing site in comparison to concentrations from reference locations. Mean uranium concentrations in invertebrates immediately downstream of the mill site were more than 10 times higher than at reference sites. The site-to-site pattern of contamination in Montezuma Creek invertebrates was similar in 1995 and 1996, with mill-related trace elements showing a downstream decreasing trend. However, nine of seventeen contaminant concentrations were higher in the second year of the study, possibly due to a higher influx of deep groundwater during the drier second year of the study. A preliminary assessment of ecological risks, based on the benthic macroinvertebrate bioaccumulation data, suggests that aquatic and terrestrial population risks are low. Benthic macroinvertebrates appeared to be sensitive integrators of trace element inputs to the aquatic environment from a former uranium mill tailing site, and provided useful spatial and temporal patterns of contamination not easily obtained using conventional surface water or groundwater measures. JF - Environmental monitoring and assessment AU - Peterson, M J AU - Smith, J G AU - Southworth, G R AU - Ryon, M G AU - Eddlemon, G K AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA. petersonmj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 193 EP - 208 VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Trace Elements KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Food Chain KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Mining KW - Risk Assessment KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Trace Elements -- pharmacokinetics KW - Trace Elements -- analysis KW - Invertebrates KW - Water Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71492502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.atitle=Trace+element+contamination+in+benthic+macroinvertebrates+from+a+small+stream+near+a+uranium+mill+tailings+site.&rft.au=Peterson%2C+M+J%3BSmith%2C+J+G%3BSouthworth%2C+G+R%3BRyon%2C+M+G%3BEddlemon%2C+G+K&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lipid and carbon isotopic evidence of methane-oxidizing and sulfate-reducing bacteria in association with gas hydrates from the Gulf of Mexico AN - 52137932; 2002-020882 AB - An integrated lipid biomarker-carbon isotope approach reveals new insight to microbial methane oxidation in the Gulf of Mexico gas-hydrate system. Hydrate-bearing and hydrate-free sediments were collected from the Gulf of Mexico slope using a research submersible. Phospholipid fatty acids consist mainly of C (sub 16) -C (sub 18) compounds, which are largely derived from bacteria. The phospholipid fatty acids suggest that total biomass is enhanced 11-30-fold in gas-hydrate-bearing sediment compared to hydrate-free sediment. Lipid biomarkers indicative of sulfate-reducing bacteria are strongly depleted in (super 13) C (delta (super 13) C = -48 per mil to -70 per mil) in the hydrate-bearing samples, suggesting that they are involved in the oxidation of methane (delta (super 13) C = -47 per mil for thermogenic methane and -70 per mil for biogenic methane). Isotopic properties of other biomarkers suggest that sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (Beggiatoa) may also contribute to the lipid pool in hydrate-bearing samples, which are characterized by less negative delta (super 13) C values (to -11.2 per mil). In the hydrate-free sample, fatty acid biomarkers have delta (super 13) C values of -27.6 per mil to -39.6 per mil, indicating that crude oil (average approximately -27 per mil) or terrestrial organic carbon (average approximately -20 per mil) are the likely carbon sources. Our results provide the first lipid biomarker-stable isotope evidence that sulfate- reducing bacteria play an important role in anaerobic methane oxidation in the Gulf of Mexico gas hydrates. The coupled activities of methane-oxidizing and sulfate-reducing organisms contribute to the development of ecosystems in deep-sea environments and result in sequestration of carbon as buried organic carbon and authigenic carbonates. These have implications for studying climate change based on carbon budgets. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Zhang, Chuanlun L AU - Li, Yiliang AU - Wall, Judy D AU - Larsen, Lise AU - Sassen, Roger AU - Huang, Yongsong AU - Wang, Yi AU - Peacock, Aaron AU - White, David C AU - Horita, Juske AU - Cole, David R Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 239 EP - 242 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - gas hydrates KW - fatty acids KW - lipids KW - isotopes KW - biomass KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - paleo-oceanography KW - ecosystems KW - deep-sea environment KW - stable isotopes KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - paleoecology KW - marine sediments KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - sulfate ion KW - methane KW - isotope ratios KW - oxidation KW - C-13/C-12 KW - alkanes KW - biomarkers KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - biogenic processes KW - marine environment KW - diagenesis KW - chromatograms KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52137932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Lipid+and+carbon+isotopic+evidence+of+methane-oxidizing+and+sulfate-reducing+bacteria+in+association+with+gas+hydrates+from+the+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Chuanlun+L%3BLi%2C+Yiliang%3BWall%2C+Judy+D%3BLarsen%2C+Lise%3BSassen%2C+Roger%3BHuang%2C+Yongsong%3BWang%2C+Yi%3BPeacock%2C+Aaron%3BWhite%2C+David+C%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BCole%2C+David+R&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Chuanlun&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/gsaonline/?request=get-abstract&issn=0091-7613&volume=030&issue=03&page=0239 http://www.gsajournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anaerobic environment; Atlantic Ocean; bacteria; biogenic processes; biomarkers; biomass; C-13/C-12; carbon; chromatograms; deep-sea environment; diagenesis; ecosystems; fatty acids; gas hydrates; geochemistry; Gulf of Mexico; hydrocarbons; isotope ratios; isotopes; lipids; marine environment; marine sediments; methane; North Atlantic; organic acids; organic compounds; oxidation; paleo-oceanography; paleoecology; reduction; sediments; stable isotopes; sulfate ion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climatic change during the last 3.5 m.y. inferred from (super 18) O and (super 13) C isotopes from Trans-Pecos, Texas, USA; comparison with other regional studies AN - 52092953; 2002-047254 AB - A core collected in Trans-Pecos, Texas, has been dated by paleomagnetic techniques and records almost continuous deposition between 12.5 million years ago and 350,000 years ago. The core was deposited in the floodplain of small arid streams over most of this time and the invariant depositional environment and continuous record make this core uniquely suitable for stable isotope analysis of soil carbonates. We have collected samples from over 90 soils, extending back as far as 10 million years. These soils record the uplift associated with formation of the Rio Grande Rift, which occurred between 15 million years ago and the present, as well as the establishment of the Chihuahuan Desert and the gradual drying of the southwestern United States. The core also documents climatic changes over the last 12 million years in a tectonically and ecologically important region of the world. The stable isotope values from the core have been compared with known global climatic events and other regional stable isotope studies to determine if there is any correlation. Our delta (super 18) O values show much heavier values than data from studies by Mack et al. (1994) and Wang et al., (1993). The following trends are seen in our delta (super 18) O values: a decrease from approximately 3.4-2.5 Ma; an increase from approximately 2.5-2.1 Ma; a decrease from approximately 2.1-1.4 Ma; an increase from approximately 1.4-0.8 Ma; fluctuating values from approximately 0.8-0.35 Ma; all superimposed on a long-term decrease in delta (super 18) O. Our observations are in contrast to trends observed in other studies. Specifically, while we see either a slight increase in delta (super 18) O from approximately 2.4-2.1, Wang et al. (1993) and Mack et al. (1994) both show a decrease. From approximately 2.1-1.6 Ma, our data indicates a decrease in delta (super 18) O, whereas Wang et al. (1993) and Mack et al. (1994) show an increase in delta (super 18) O. The delta (super 13) C values from our study show a gradual increase from approximately 3.4-1.8 Ma, followed by a long-term decrease to approximately 0.35 Ma. Overall, the trends that we find in our data is in basic agreement with both Mack et al. (1994) and Wang et al. (1993), with a few specific exceptions. From approximately 1.9-1.8 Ma, approximately 1.5-1.3 Ma, and approximately 1.1-0.9 Ma, we show a decrease in delta (super 13) C values, while the other studies show an increase; from approximately 0.9-0.8 Ma, our data indicates an increase in delta (super 13) C values, where the other studies indicate a decrease. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Clepper, Marta L AU - Cole, David R AU - Mack, Gregory H AU - Langford, Richard P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 5 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - uplifts KW - paleoclimatology KW - stable isotopes KW - cores KW - climate change KW - Chihuahuan Desert KW - Rio Grande Rift KW - Cenozoic KW - carbon KW - soils KW - North America KW - Quaternary KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - Texas KW - paleomagnetism KW - correlation KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - Trans-Pecos KW - carbonates KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52092953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Climatic+change+during+the+last+3.5+m.y.+inferred+from+%28super+18%29+O+and+%28super+13%29+C+isotopes+from+Trans-Pecos%2C+Texas%2C+USA%3B+comparison+with+other+regional+studies&rft.au=Clepper%2C+Marta+L%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BMack%2C+Gregory+H%3BLangford%2C+Richard+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Clepper&rft.aufirst=Marta&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, South-Central Section, 36th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13/C-12; carbon; carbonates; Cenozoic; Chihuahuan Desert; climate change; cores; correlation; isotope ratios; isotopes; Neogene; North America; O-18/O-16; oxygen; paleoclimatology; paleomagnetism; Quaternary; Rio Grande Rift; soils; stable isotopes; Tertiary; Texas; Trans-Pecos; United States; uplifts ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating gaseous mercury emissions from contaminated floodplain soils to the atmosphere with simple field measurement techniques AN - 51939333; 2003-068200 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Wallschlaeger, Dirk AU - Kock, Hans Herbert AU - Schroeder, William H AU - Lindberg, Steven E AU - Ebinghaus, Ralf AU - Wilken, Rolf-Dieter Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 39 EP - 54 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 135 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Elbe River KW - terrestrial environment KW - moisture KW - floodplains KW - techniques KW - Europe KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - Central Europe KW - discharge KW - mercury KW - diffusivity KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - air-water interface KW - gaseous phase KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - boundary conditions KW - measurement KW - volatiles KW - physical properties KW - wetlands KW - metals KW - fluvial features KW - transformations KW - Germany KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51939333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Estimating+gaseous+mercury+emissions+from+contaminated+floodplain+soils+to+the+atmosphere+with+simple+field+measurement+techniques&rft.au=Wallschlaeger%2C+Dirk%3BKock%2C+Hans+Herbert%3BSchroeder%2C+William+H%3BLindberg%2C+Steven+E%3BEbinghaus%2C+Ralf%3BWilken%2C+Rolf-Dieter&rft.aulast=Wallschlaeger&rft.aufirst=Dirk&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air-water interface; aquatic environment; atmosphere; biochemistry; boundary conditions; Central Europe; concentration; diffusivity; discharge; Elbe River; Europe; experimental studies; floodplains; fluvial features; gaseous phase; Germany; laboratory studies; measurement; mercury; metals; moisture; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; techniques; terrestrial environment; toxic materials; transformations; transport; volatiles; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of soil geochemical and physical properties on the bioaccessibility of chromium in soil AN - 51846125; 2004-039987 AB - There are numerous Department of Defense sites that are contaminated with toxic metals such as chromium. Ingestion of contaminated soil by children is the usual risk driver motivating remediation. Site assessments are based solely on total soil-metal concentration and do not consider the potential for decreased bioaccessibility due to metal sequestration. This study investigated the effect of soil properties on the bioaccessibility of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) as a function of metal concentration and aging, and sought to develop statistical models based on common soil properties to estimate the bioaccessibility of Cr in soil. The A- and upper B- horizons of 36 DOD relevant soils from 7 major soil orders were treated with Cr(III) and Cr(VI) and allowed to age. The bioaccessibility of the contaminated soils was measured using a physiologically based extraction test (PBET) designed to simulate the digestive process of the stomach. Overall, bioaccessibility of Cr decreased as the duration of exposure to the soil increased. Cr bioaccessibility varied widely as a function of soil type with most soils limiting bioaccessibility to < 30% after 100 d aging. Statistical analysis showed that the bioaccessibility of Cr(III) on soil was correlated with the clay content and total inorganic carbon (TIC) or total organic carbon (TOC) content of the soil, with bioaccessibility decreasing as the soil TIC content increased and as the clay content decreased. The Cr(VI) statistical model indicated that the total organic carbon (TOC) content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and the soil pH correlated with Cr(VI) bioaccessibility with higher values of TOC, CEC and soil pH resulting in lower Cr bioaccessibility. The models yielded equations based on common soil properties that could be used to predict the Cr bioaccessibility in soils with a reasonable level of confidence. Thus, the models should be useful for assessing Cr(III) and Cr(VI) bioaccessibility at a contaminated site so that the appropriate remediation criteria can be determined. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Stewart, Melanie AU - Jardine, P AU - Mehlhorn, T AU - Barnett, M AU - McKay, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 107 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - cation exchange capacity KW - pollutants KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - nutrients KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - total organic carbon KW - metals KW - chemical properties KW - chemical composition KW - pH KW - chromium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51846125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effects+of+soil+geochemical+and+physical+properties+on+the+bioaccessibility+of+chromium+in+soil&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Melanie%3BJardine%2C+P%3BMehlhorn%2C+T%3BBarnett%2C+M%3BMcKay%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 51st annual meeting; Geological Society of America, North-Central Section, 36th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; cation exchange capacity; chemical composition; chemical properties; chemical reactions; chromium; concentration; metals; nutrients; organic compounds; pH; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; total organic carbon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of anomalously magnetic soils on the Oak Ridge Reservation AN - 51798996; 2004-069778 AB - Oak Ridge National Laboratory researchers collected high-resolution airborne geophysical data in the winter of 1992-93 on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, to search for possible undocumented waste areas. Instead, they found numerous localized "bulls-eye" magnetic anomalies, apparently of natural origin. Susceptibility measurements made on soil cores and drill core collected from the underlying Copper Ridge Dolomite found that the bedrock is not magnetic, but that the local soils contain maghemite throughout the soil profile, with the highest susceptibilities in the near surface. They suggested that the airborne magnetic anomalies may be due to thickened soil profiles associated with colluvial infilling of the regional karst topography, but offered no explanation for the genesis of the maghemite. We hypothesize that the maghemite was created by anaerobic microbial iron reduction followed by formation of single-domain maghemite or by abiological weathering and reduction of an iron-bearing mineral followed by autoxidation. We are comparing thin sections made from soil cores collected inside and outside one of the magnetic anomalies to look for correlation between pedogenesis and magnetic susceptibility and using transmission electron microscopy to distinguish biologic from abiologic maghemite. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Rivers, John M AU - Nyquist, Jonathan E AU - Terry, Dennis O, Jr AU - Doll, William E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 17 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - chemical weathering KW - biodegradation KW - pedogenesis KW - geophysical surveys KW - oxidation KW - geophysical methods KW - magnetic methods KW - magnetic anomalies KW - environmental analysis KW - weathering KW - cores KW - magnetic susceptibility KW - Tennessee KW - surveys KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - waste disposal KW - maghemite KW - airborne methods KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51798996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+anomalously+magnetic+soils+on+the+Oak+Ridge+Reservation&rft.au=Rivers%2C+John+M%3BNyquist%2C+Jonathan+E%3BTerry%2C+Dennis+O%2C+Jr%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rivers&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 37th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; biodegradation; chemical weathering; cores; environmental analysis; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; maghemite; magnetic anomalies; magnetic methods; magnetic susceptibility; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; oxidation; oxides; pedogenesis; reduction; soils; surveys; Tennessee; United States; waste disposal; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of hydrological and geochemical processes on the transport of chelated metals and chromate in fractured shale bedrock AN - 51172424; 2002-035322 AB - Field-scale processes governing the transport of chelated radionuclides in groundwater remain conceptually unclear for highly structured, heterogeneous environments. The objectives of this research were to provide an improved understanding and predictive capability of the hydrological and geochemical mechanisms that control the transport behavior of chelated radionuclides and metals in anoxic subsurface environments that are complicated by fracture flow and matrix diffusion. Our approach involved a long-term, steady-state natural gradient field experiment where nonreactive Br (super -) and reactive (super 57) Co(II)EDTA (super 2-) , (super 109) CdEDTA (super 2-) , and (super 51) Cr(VI) were injected into a fracture zone of a contaminated fractured shale bedrock. The spatial and temporal distribution of the tracer and solutes was monitored for 500 days using an array of groundwater sampling wells instrumented within the fast-flowing fracture regime and a slower flowing matrix regime. The tracers were preferentially transported along strike-parallel fractures coupled with the slow diffusion of significant tracer mass into the bedrock matrix. The chelated radionuclides and metals were significantly retarded by the solid phase with the mechanisms of retardation largely due to redox reactions and sorption coupled with mineral-induced chelate-radionuclide dissociation. The formation of significant Fe(III)EDTA (super -) byproduct that accompanied the dissociation of the radionuclide-chelate complexes was believed to be the result of surface interactions with biotite which was the only Fe(III)-bearing mineral phase present in these Fe-reducing environments. These results counter current conceptual models that suggest chelated contaminants move conservatively through Fe-reducing environments since they are devoid of Fe-oxyhydroxides that are known to aggressively compete for chelates in oxic regimes. Modeling results further demonstrated that chelate-radionuclide dissociation reactions were most prevalent along fractures where accelerated weathering processes are expected to expose more primary minerals than the surrounding rock matrix. The findings of this study suggest that physical retardation mechanisms (i.e. diffusion) are dominant within the matrix regime, whereas geochemical retardation mechanisms are dominant within the fracture regime. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Jardine, P M AU - Mehlhorn, T L AU - Larsen, I L AU - Bailey, W B AU - Brooks, S C AU - Roh, Y AU - Gwo, J P Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 137 EP - 159 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 55 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - cobalt KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - simulation KW - iron KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - fractures KW - ferric iron KW - sedimentary rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - sampling KW - tracers KW - Tennessee KW - cadmium KW - mobility KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - bedrock KW - monitoring KW - shale KW - pollutants KW - matrix KW - injection KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - bromine KW - weathering KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - nuclear facilities KW - chelation KW - clastic rocks KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51172424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Influence+of+hydrological+and+geochemical+processes+on+the+transport+of+chelated+metals+and+chromate+in+fractured+shale+bedrock&rft.au=Jardine%2C+P+M%3BMehlhorn%2C+T+L%3BLarsen%2C+I+L%3BBailey%2C+W+B%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BRoh%2C+Y%3BGwo%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bedrock; bromine; cadmium; chelation; clastic rocks; cobalt; ferric iron; fractures; ground water; halogens; injection; iron; isotopes; matrix; metals; migration of elements; mobility; monitoring; nuclear facilities; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; sampling; sedimentary rocks; shale; simulation; Tennessee; theoretical models; tracers; transport; United States; waste management; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understory vegetation indicators of anthropogenic disturbance in longleaf pine forests at Fort Benning, Georgia, USA AN - 18615555; 5533498 AB - Environmental indicators for longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) ecosystems need to include some measure of understory vegetation because of its responsiveness to disturbance and management practices. To examine the characteristics of understory species that distinguish between disturbances induced by military traffic, we randomly established transects in four training intensity categories (reference, light, moderate, and heavy) and in an area that had been remediated following intense disturbance at Fort Benning, GA. A total of 134 plant species occurred in these transects with the highest diversity (95 species) in light training areas and the lowest (16 species) in heavily disturbed plots. Forty-seven species were observed in only one of the five disturbance categories. The variability in understory vegetation cover among disturbance types was trimodal ranging from less than 5% cover for heavily disturbed areas to 67% cover for reference, light, and remediated areas. High variability in species diversity and lack of difference in understory cover led us to consider life-form and plant families as indicators of military disturbance. Life-form successfully distinguished between plots based on military disturbances. Species that are Phanerophytes (trees and shrubs) were the most frequent life-form encountered in sites that experienced light infantry training. Therophytes (annuals) were the least common life-form in reference and light training areas. Chamaephytes (plants with their buds slightly above ground) were the least frequent life-form in moderate and remediation sites. Heavy training sites supported no Chamaephytes or Hemicryptophytes (plants with dormant buds at ground level). The heavy, moderate, remediated, and reference sites were all dominated by Cryptophytes (plants with underground buds) possibly because of their ability to withstand both military disturbance and ground fires (the natural disturbance of longleaf pine forests). Analysis of soils collected from each transect revealed that depth of the A layer of soil was significantly higher in reference and light training areas which may explain the life-form distributions. In addition, the diversity of plant families and, in particular, the presence of grasses and composites were indicative of training and remediation history. These results are supported by prior analysis of life-form distribution subsequent to other disturbances and demonstrate the ability of life-form and plant families to distinguish between military disturbances in longleaf pine forests. JF - Ecological Indicators AU - Dale, V H AU - Beyeler, S C AU - Jackson, B AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 155 EP - 170 VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 1470-160X, 1470-160X KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - D 04712:Environmental degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18615555?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Indicators&rft.atitle=Understory+vegetation+indicators+of+anthropogenic+disturbance+in+longleaf+pine+forests+at+Fort+Benning%2C+Georgia%2C+USA&rft.au=Dale%2C+V+H%3BBeyeler%2C+S+C%3BJackson%2C+B&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Indicators&rft.issn=1470160X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1470-160X%2801%2900014-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-160X(01)00014-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and composting of poultry litter in forced-aeration piles AN - 18323143; 5372948 AB - The environmental problems associated with raw poultry manure application could be mitigated by stabilizing its nutrient and organic matter (OM) contents by composting before application to agricultural soils. In the present study, quantitative changes in physical, chemical, and microbial properties of poultry litter (a mixture of poultry manure, wood shavings, waste feed, and feathers) were studied in order to understand the composting process and evaluate the suitability of the composted product as a soil amendment. The poultry litter was composted in forced-aeration piles. Results of this study showed that the poultry litter went through physico-chemical and microbial changes similar to other composting systems, including changes like self-heating of the compost mass, relative increases in total Cu, Zn, P, K, and NO super(-) sub(x)-N and decreases in microbial population numbers, C, OM, and extractable C, Cu, Zn, and NH super(+) sub(4)-N contents. Despite differences in thermophilic temperatures at different locations of the forced-aeration piles, temperatures in these locations reached ambient level almost at the same time by day 128, indicating that the poultry litter was becoming stable. Nitrogen loss was a major problem during composting of poultry litter, even when the piles were not turned under the forced-aeration system. About 18 kg of the initial N (58% of the initial N) was lost during composting, which indicates that composting reduced the value of the poultry litter as N fertilizer. However, the composted litter contained a more humified (stabilized) OM compared with the uncomposted litter, which could enhance its value as a soil conditioner. In conclusion, composting of poultry litter converted the soluble nutrients to more stable organic forms, thereby reducing their bioavailability and susceptibility to loss when applied to crop fields. JF - Process Biochemistry AU - Tiquia, S M AU - Tam, NFY AD - Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA, tiquia@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 869 EP - 880 VL - 37 IS - 8 SN - 0032-9592, 0032-9592 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Litter KW - Animal wastes KW - Agricultural wastes KW - Temperature KW - Poultry farming KW - Recycling KW - Aeration KW - Waste management KW - Fertilizers KW - Composting KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18323143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Process+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+composting+of+poultry+litter+in+forced-aeration+piles&rft.au=Tiquia%2C+S+M%3BTam%2C+NFY&rft.aulast=Tiquia&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=869&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Process+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00329592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Poultry farming; Litter; Composting; Animal wastes; Agricultural wastes; Waste management; Temperature; Recycling; Fertilizers; Aeration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computer Tool For Evaluation of Anaerobic Microbial PCB Transformations AN - 16136908; 5376350 AB - Several researchers have demonstrated the transformation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. This transformation, or conversion, is characteristic and often dependent on PCB congener structure and, in addition, dictates the products or extent of degradation. Because transformation is linked to microbial activities, bioremediation has been hailed as a possible solution for PCB-contaminated soils and sediments, and several demonstration activities have verified laboratory results. This article presents results from mathematical modeling of anaerobic microbial PCB transformation. Because transformation can be influenced by both starting composition of the PCBs and microbial activity, this article systematically evaluates several of the most common transformation patterns. The predicted data are also compared with experimental results. For example, the correlation between laboratory-observed and predicted products was, in some cases, as good as 0.96 (perfect correlation = 1.0). In addition to predicting extent of transformation, the water solubility and the possible human effects of the PCBs are discussed through the use of documented dioxin-like toxicity and accumulation in humans before and after transformation. JF - Bioremediation Journal AU - Klasson, K T AU - Just, E M AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6226, USA, klassonkt@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 77 EP - 85 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1088-9868, 1088-9868 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts KW - Aerobic bacteria KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - Toxicity KW - W4 220:Environmental Modeling KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16136908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.atitle=Computer+Tool+For+Evaluation+of+Anaerobic+Microbial+PCB+Transformations&rft.au=Klasson%2C+K+T%3BJust%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Klasson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.issn=10889868&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Toxicity; Polychlorinated Biphenyls ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Relative Importance of Sources of Greenhouse-Gas Emissions: Comparison of Global Through Subnational Perspectives AN - 16131659; 5340817 AB - Increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases are widely expected to cause global warming and other climatic changes. It is important to establish priorities for reducing greenhouse-gas emissions, so that resources can be allocated efficiently and effectively. This is a global problem, and it is possible, on a global scale, to identify those activities whose emissions have the greatest potential for enhancing the greenhouse effect. However, perspectives from smaller scales must be appreciated, because it is on scales down to the local level that response measures will be implemented. This paper analyzes the relative importance of emissions from the many individual sources, on scales ranging from global to national to subnational. Individual country perspectives and proposed policy measures and those of subnational political entities exhibit some commonalities but differ among themselves and from a global-scale perspective in detail. JF - Environmental Management AU - Cushman, R M AU - Jones, S B AD - Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6335 USA Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 360 EP - 372 PB - Springer-Verlag, [URL:http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00267/bibs/2029 003/20290360.htm] VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Politics KW - Climatic changes KW - Emission control KW - Air pollution control KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Climatic change KW - Environmental policy KW - environmental policy KW - Global warming KW - International regulations KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide emissions KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.588.7:Human influence on climate. Including: effect of towns, buildings, etc. global warming (anthropogenic) (551.588.7) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16131659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=The+Relative+Importance+of+Sources+of+Greenhouse-Gas+Emissions%3A+Comparison+of+Global+Through+Subnational+Perspectives&rft.au=Cushman%2C+R+M%3BJones%2C+S+B&rft.aulast=Cushman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=360&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climatic changes; Global warming; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases; Environmental policy; Carbon dioxide emissions; Climatic change; Politics; Air pollution control; Emission control; International regulations; environmental policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular and phenotypic analysis of 25 recessive, homozygous-viable alleles at the mouse agouti locus. AN - 71473585; 11861569 AB - Agouti is a paracrine-acting, transient antagonist of melanocortin 1 receptors that specifies the subapical band of yellow on otherwise black hairs of the wild-type coat. To better understand both agouti structure/function and the germline damage caused by chemicals and radiation, an allelic series of 25 recessive, homozygous-viable agouti mutations generated in specific-locus tests were characterized. Visual inspection of fur, augmented by quantifiable chemical analysis of hair melanins, suggested four phenotypic categories (mild, moderate, umbrous-like, severe) for the 18 hypomorphs and a single category for the 7 amorphs (null). Molecular analysis indicated protein-coding alterations in 8 hypomorphs and 6 amorphs, with mild-moderate phenotypes correlating with signal peptide or basic domain mutations, and more devastating phenotypes resulting from C-terminal lesions. Ten hypomorphs and one null demonstrated wild-type coding potential, suggesting that they contain mutations elsewhere in the > or = 125-kb agouti locus that either reduce the level or alter the temporal/spatial distribution of agouti transcripts. Beyond the notable contributions to the field of mouse germ cell mutagenesis, analysis of this allelic series illustrates that complete abrogation of agouti function in vivo occurs most often through protein-coding lesions, whereas partial loss of function occurs slightly more frequently at the level of gene expression control. JF - Genetics AU - Miltenberger, Rosalynn J AU - Wakamatsu, Kazumasa AU - Ito, Shosuke AU - Woychik, Richard P AU - Russell, Liane B AU - Michaud, Edward J AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 659 EP - 674 VL - 160 IS - 2 SN - 0016-6731, 0016-6731 KW - Agouti Signaling Protein KW - 0 KW - Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins KW - Melanins KW - Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Hair -- physiology KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mice KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - Pigmentation -- genetics KW - Melanins -- genetics KW - Phenotype KW - Exons -- genetics KW - Alleles KW - Melanins -- physiology KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mutation KW - Female KW - Male KW - Genes, Recessive -- genetics KW - Proteins -- genetics KW - Proteins -- physiology KW - Genes, Recessive -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71473585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genetics&rft.atitle=Molecular+and+phenotypic+analysis+of+25+recessive%2C+homozygous-viable+alleles+at+the+mouse+agouti+locus.&rft.au=Miltenberger%2C+Rosalynn+J%3BWakamatsu%2C+Kazumasa%3BIto%2C+Shosuke%3BWoychik%2C+Richard+P%3BRussell%2C+Liane+B%3BMichaud%2C+Edward+J&rft.aulast=Miltenberger&rft.aufirst=Rosalynn&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=160&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=659&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genetics&rft.issn=00166731&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-24 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jun 7;91(12):5667-71 [8202545] Mutat Res. 1999 Jul 16;428(1-2):227-36 [10517996] Nature. 1994 Oct 27;371(6500):799-802 [7935841] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Oct 11;91(21):9760-4 [7937887] Nat Genet. 1994 Sep;8(1):59-65 [7987393] Protein Sci. 1994 Oct;3(10):1833-9 [7849598] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 May 23;92(11):4728-32 [7761391] Mutat Res. 1995 Aug;330(1-2):183-208 [7623865] Genetics. 1995 May;140(1):255-65 [7635290] Genetics. 1995 May;140(1):267-74 [7635291] J Invest Dermatol. 1995 Sep;105(3):361-6 [7665913] Development. 1995 Oct;121(10):3223-32 [7588057] Genetics. 1996 Sep;144(1):255-64 [8878691] Genetics. 1996 Sep;144(1):265-77 [8878692] Nature. 1996 Dec 5;384(6608):432-8 [8945469] Cell. 1997 Jan 10;88(1):131-41 [9019399] Biochemistry. 1997 Feb 25;36(8):2084-90 [9047307] Genetics. 1997 Feb;145(2):435-43 [9071596] Genes Dev. 1997 Mar 1;11(5):593-602 [9119224] Genetics. 1997 Aug;146(4):1407-15 [9258683] Science. 1997 Oct 3;278(5335):135-8 [9311920] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Nov 25;94(24):13105-10 [9371807] Genes Dev. 1998 Feb 1;12(3):316-30 [9450927] Genetics. 1998 Apr;148(4):1951-61 [9560408] Genetics. 1998 Apr;148(4):1963-72 [9560409] Biochemistry. 1998 Sep 1;37(35):12172-7 [9724530] Nature. 1999 Mar 11;398(6723):148-52 [10086355] Nature. 1999 Mar 11;398(6723):152-6 [10086356] FEBS Lett. 1999 May 21;451(2):125-31 [10371151] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jul 20;96(15):8579-84 [10411918] Genetics. 2001 Aug;158(4):1683-95 [11514456] J Cell Biol. 1975 Dec;67(3):835-51 [811671] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Apr;81(7):1991-5 [6326095] Anal Biochem. 1985 Feb 1;144(2):527-36 [3993914] Mol Endocrinol. 1989 Dec;3(12):1996-2004 [2628734] J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 10;275(10):6695-8 [10702221] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Apr 2;270(1):176-82 [10733924] Mamm Genome. 2000 Jul;11(7):489-99 [10886011] J Mol Biol. 2000 Jul 21;300(4):1005-16 [10891285] Exp Cell Res. 2000 Aug 25;259(1):54-63 [10942578] Pigment Cell Res. 2000 Oct;13(5):337-44 [11041210] Anim Genet. 2000 Oct;31(5):335-6 [11105218] Nat Genet. 2001 Jan;27(1):40-7 [11137996] Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2000 Feb;10(2):76-81 [11150734] Pigment Cell Res. 2001 Feb;14(1):23-31 [11277491] Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2001 Jun;11(3):268-73 [11377962] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1990;16(2):85-103 [2209569] Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Dec 25;18(24):7293-8 [2124349] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Sep 15;88(18):8062-6 [1896452] Cell. 1992 Dec 24;71(7):1195-204 [1473152] Mutat Res. 1993 Apr;286(2):199-207 [7681531] Genes Dev. 1994 Feb 15;8(4):481-90 [8125260] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Mar 29;91(7):2562-6 [8146154] EMBO J. 1994 Apr 15;13(8):1806-16 [8168479] FASEB J. 1994 May;8(8):479-88 [8181666] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1999;34(1):16-23 [10462719] Hum Mol Genet. 1999;8(10):1955-63 [10469849] Genes Dev. 1994 Jun 15;8(12):1463-72 [7926745] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranyl surface complexes formed on subsurface media from DOE facilities AN - 52116208; 2002-016693 AB - A mechanistic understanding of U sorption in natural soils and sediments is useful for determining its transport and bioavailability in the environment. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to determine the mechanisms by which U(VI) sorbs to three heterogeneous subsurface media reacted under static and dynamic flow conditions. Regardless of the media chosen, ternary surface complexes were the dominant type of sorption complex. Uranyl phosphate complexes were formed in subsurface media from more acidic environments. In contrast, uranyl carbonate ternary surface complexes formed in media from more neutral conditions. The complexes are predominantly inner-sphere, although some outer-sphere complexes may also be present, and appear to be on iron (hydr)oxides and possibly aluminosilicates. Additionally, the uranyl phosphate and carbonate complexes are highly disordered, which contributes to their reversible sorption properties. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Bostick, Benjamin C AU - Fendorf, Scott AU - Barnett, Mark O AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Brooks, Scott C Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 99 EP - 108 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 66 IS - 1 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - iron oxides KW - South Carolina KW - coordination KW - complexing KW - X-ray absorption spectra KW - Tennessee KW - oxides KW - hydrodynamics KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - surface properties KW - carbonate ion KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - uranyl ion KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - X-ray spectra KW - molecular structure KW - phosphate ion KW - Inceptisols KW - metals KW - parent materials KW - EXAFS data KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - Savannah River Site KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52116208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Uranyl+surface+complexes+formed+on+subsurface+media+from+DOE+facilities&rft.au=Bostick%2C+Benjamin+C%3BFendorf%2C+Scott%3BBarnett%2C+Mark+O%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C&rft.aulast=Bostick&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://www.soils.org/publications/sssaj LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Feb. 4, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; carbonate ion; complexing; coordination; EXAFS data; geochemistry; Hanford Site; hydrodynamics; Inceptisols; iron oxides; metals; molecular structure; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; oxides; parent materials; phosphate ion; pollutants; pollution; Savannah River Site; soils; South Carolina; spectra; surface properties; Tennessee; United States; uranium; uranyl ion; Washington; waste disposal; X-ray absorption spectra; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Karst pathway delineation using combined spatial and geophysical analysis at Camp Crowder, Missouri AN - 50884467; 2005-046464 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Gamey, T Jeffrey AU - Thompson, M AU - Mandell, Wayne A AU - Frano, G AU - Miller, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 EP - 13CAV5 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2002 KW - United States KW - Newton County Missouri KW - geophysical surveys KW - spatial data KW - Missouri KW - karst hydrology KW - karst KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - ground water KW - electromagnetic methods KW - tectonics KW - soils KW - seismic profiles KW - lineaments KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - resistivity KW - seismic methods KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Camp Crowder KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - military facilities KW - solution features KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50884467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Karst+pathway+delineation+using+combined+spatial+and+geophysical+analysis+at+Camp+Crowder%2C+Missouri&rft.au=Gamey%2C+T+Jeffrey%3BThompson%2C+M%3BMandell%2C+Wayne+A%3BFrano%2C+G%3BMiller%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gamey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=2002&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on The application of geophysics to environmental and engineering problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - sects., geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Camp Crowder; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; ground water; karst; karst hydrology; lineaments; military facilities; Missouri; Newton County Missouri; nonaqueous phase liquids; pollutants; pollution; resistivity; seismic methods; seismic profiles; soils; solution features; spatial data; surveys; tectonics; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical profiling in support of a nitrate and uranium groundwater remediation study AN - 50882591; 2005-046489 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Doll, William E AU - Gamey, T Jeffrey AU - Watson, David B AU - Jardine, Philip M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 EP - 13ESC7 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2002 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - geophysical surveys KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - refraction methods KW - seismic methods KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - metals KW - water treatment KW - Tennessee KW - surveys KW - signal-to-noise ratio KW - geophysical profiles KW - uranium KW - nitrate ion KW - water pollution KW - actinides KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50882591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Geophysical+profiling+in+support+of+a+nitrate+and+uranium+groundwater+remediation+study&rft.au=Doll%2C+William+E%3BGamey%2C+T+Jeffrey%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Doll&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=2002&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on The application of geophysics to environmental and engineering problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; bioremediation; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; ground water; metals; nitrate ion; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; refraction methods; remediation; seismic methods; signal-to-noise ratio; surveys; Tennessee; United States; uranium; water pollution; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A GIS/simulation framework for assessing change in water yield over largespatial scales. AN - 27178278; 200301-61-0005 (CE); 05332658 (EN) AB - Recent legislation to initiate vegetation management in the Central Sierra hydrologic region of California includes a focus on corresponding changes in water yield. This served as the impetus for developing a combined geographic information system (GIS) and simulation assessment framework. Using the existing vegetation density condition, together with proposed rules for thinning to reduce fire risk, a set of simulation model inputs were generated for examining the impact of the thinning scenario on water yield. The approach allows results to be expressed as the mean and standard deviation of change in water yield for each 1-km super(2) map cell that is thinned. Values for groups of cells are aggregated for typical watershed units using area-weighted averaging. Wet, dry, and average precipitation years were simulated over a large region. Where snow plays an important role in hydrologic processes, the simulated change in water yield was less than 0.5% of expected annual runoff for a typical watershed. Such small changes would be undetectable in the field using conventional stream flow analysis. These results suggest that use of water yield increases to help justify forest-thinning activities or offset their cost will be difficult. JF - Environmental Management AU - Huff, D D AU - Hargrove, W W AU - Graham, R AU - Nikolov, N AU - Tharp, M L AD - Environmental Sciences and Computational Physics and Engineering Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038, USA PY - 2002 SP - 164 EP - 181 PB - Springer-Verlag (New York), 175 Fifth Ave , New York, NY, 10010, USA, [URL:http://www.link.springer-ny.com] VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Publisher ID: 10.1007/s00267-0003-5 KW - Geographic information systems KW - Satellite navigation systems KW - Forest management KW - Land management KW - Vegetation KW - Computer simulation KW - Watersheds KW - Hydrology KW - Fires KW - Snow KW - Legislation KW - Density KW - Runoff KW - Standard deviation KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27178278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=A+GIS%2Fsimulation+framework+for+assessing+change+in+water+yield+over+largespatial+scales.&rft.au=Huff%2C+D+D%3BHargrove%2C+W+W%3BGraham%2C+R%3BNikolov%2C+N%3BTharp%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Huff&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - Graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plant water relations at elevated CO sub(2) - implications for water-limited environments AN - 18578663; 5367585 AB - Long-term exposure of plants to elevated [CO sub(2)] leads to a number of growth and physiological effects, many of which are interpreted in the context of ameliorating the negative impacts of drought. However, despite considerable study, a clear picture in terms of the influence of elevated [CO sub(2)] on plant water relations and the role that these effects play in determining the response of plants to elevated [CO sub(2)] under water-limited conditions has been slow to emerge. In this paper, four areas of research are examined that represent critical, yet uncertain, themes related to the response of plants to elevated [CO sub(2)] and drought. These include (1) fine-root proliferation and implications for whole-plant water uptake; (2) enhanced water-use efficiency and consequences for drought tolerance; (3) reductions in stomatal conductance and impacts on leaf water potential; and (4) solute accumulation, osmotic adjustment and dehydration tolerance of leaves. A survey of the literature indicates that the growth of plants at elevated [CO sub(2)] can lead to conditions whereby plants maintain higher (less negative) leaf water potentials. The mechanisms that contribute to this effect are not fully known, although CO sub(2)-induced reductions in stomatal conductance, increases in whole-plant hydraulic conductance and osmotic adjustment may be important. Less understood are the interactive effects of elevated [CO sub(2)] and drought on fine-root production and water-use efficiency, and the contribution of these processes to plant growth in water-limited environments. Increases in water-use efficiency and reductions in water use can contribute to enhanced soil water content under elevated [CO sub(2)]. Herbaceous crops and grasslands are most responsive in this regard. The conservation of soil water at elevated [CO sub(2)] in other systems has been less studied, but in terms of maintaining growth or carbon gain during drought, the benefits of CO sub(2)-induced improvements in soil water content appear relatively minor. Nonetheless, because even small effects of elevated [CO sub(2)] on plant and soil water relations can have important implications for ecosystems, we conclude that this area of research deserves continued investigation. Future studies that focus on cellular mechanisms of plant response to elevated [CO sub(2)] and drought are needed, as are whole-plant investigations that emphasize the integration of processes throughout the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. JF - Plant, Cell & Environment AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Tschaplinski, T J AU - Norby, R J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA, wullschlegsd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 319 EP - 331 VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0140-7791, 0140-7791 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Carbon dioxide effects on plants KW - Plant Physiology KW - Plant physiology KW - Carbon dioxide effects on grasslands KW - Plant Water Potential KW - Soil Water KW - Drought KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - SW 0860:Water and plants KW - M2 551.510.4:Composition of the atmosphere (551.510.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18578663?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant%2C+Cell+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Plant+water+relations+at+elevated+CO+sub%282%29+-+implications+for+water-limited+environments&rft.au=Wullschleger%2C+S+D%3BTschaplinski%2C+T+J%3BNorby%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Wullschleger&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant%2C+Cell+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01407791&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue - Drought Stress. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon dioxide effects on plants; Plant physiology; Carbon dioxide effects on grasslands; Plant Physiology; Drought; Soil Water; Plant Water Potential; Carbon Dioxide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolomics and microarrays for improved understanding of phenotypic characteristics controlled by both genomics and environmental constraints AN - 18367682; 5349252 AB - Advances in our understanding of functional genomics are best addressed by integrative studies that include measurements of mRNA, proteins, and low molecular weight metabolites over time and varied conditions. Bioinformatics can then be used to relate this data to the genome. Current technology allows for comprehensive and rapid mRNA expression profiling and mass spectrophotometric measurement of low molecular weight intermediates and metabolic products. In prokaryotic organisms, this combination provides a potentially powerful tool for identifying gene function and regulatory networks even in the absence of a combined proteomic approach. JF - Current Opinion in Biotechnology AU - Phelps, T J AU - Palumbo, A V AU - Beliaev, A S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, phelpstj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 20 EP - 24 VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 0958-1669, 0958-1669 KW - DNA microarrays KW - genomics KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W2 32000:General topics and reviews KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18367682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Metabolomics+and+microarrays+for+improved+understanding+of+phenotypic+characteristics+controlled+by+both+genomics+and+environmental+constraints&rft.au=Phelps%2C+T+J%3BPalumbo%2C+A+V%3BBeliaev%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Phelps&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Opinion+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=09581669&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laser desorption mass spectrometry for microbial DNA analysis AN - 18262928; 5313634 AB - Recently, we demonstrated that a matrix-assisted laser desorption /ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF MS) can be used to determine the molecular weight of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of intact 16S rRNA regions and to profile their restriction digests. This is the first time that MALDI-TOF MS with ultraviolet (UV) photoionization has been used to analyze a PCR product of similar to 1600 nucleotides in length. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Taranenko, NI AU - Hurt, R AU - Zhou, J Z AU - Isola, N R AU - Huang, H AU - Lee, SH AU - Chen, CH AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, 37831-6378 Oak Ridge, TN USA Y1 - 2002/02/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Feb 01 SP - 101 EP - 106 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 48 IS - 2-3 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Desorption KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - U.V. radiation KW - DNA KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Lasers KW - rRNA 16S KW - Ionization KW - A 01113:General KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W2 32243:Molecular methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18262928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Laser+desorption+mass+spectrometry+for+microbial+DNA+analysis&rft.au=Taranenko%2C+NI%3BHurt%2C+R%3BZhou%2C+J+Z%3BIsola%2C+N+R%3BHuang%2C+H%3BLee%2C+SH%3BChen%2C+CH&rft.aulast=Taranenko&rft.aufirst=NI&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mass spectroscopy; DNA; Ionization; Desorption; U.V. radiation; Polymerase chain reaction; Lasers; rRNA 16S ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transcriptional and Proteomic Analysis of a Ferric Uptake Regulator (Fur) Mutant of Shewanella oneidensis: Possible Involvement of Fur in Energy Metabolism, Transcriptional Regulation, and Oxidative Stress AN - 18249388; 5306606 AB - The iron-directed, coordinate regulation of genes depends on the fur (ferric uptake regulator) gene product, which acts as an iron-responsive, transcriptional repressor protein. To investigate the biological function of a fur homolog in the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, a fur knockout strain (FUR1) was generated by suicide plasmid integration into this gene and characterized using phenotype assays, DNA microarrays containing 691 arrayed genes, and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Physiological studies indicated that FUR1 was similar to the wild-type strain when they were compared for anaerobic growth and reduction of various electron acceptors. Transcription profiling, however, revealed that genes with predicted functions in electron transport, energy metabolism, transcriptional regulation, and oxidative stress protection were either repressed (ccoNQ, etrA, cytochrome b and c maturation-encoding genes, qor, yiaY, sodB, rpoH, phoB, and chvI) or induced (yggW, pdhC, prpC, aceE, fdhD, and ppc) in the fur mutant. Disruption of fur also resulted in derepression of genes (hxuC, alcC, fhuA, hemR, irgA, and ompW) putatively involved in iron uptake. This agreed with the finding that the fur mutant produced threefold-higher levels of siderophore than the wild-type strain under conditions of sufficient iron. Analysis of a subset of the FUR1 proteome (i.e., primarily soluble cytoplasmic and periplasmic proteins) indicated that 11 major protein species reproducibly showed significant (P < 0.05) differences in abundance relative to the wild type. Protein identification using mass spectrometry indicated that the expression of two of these proteins (SodB and AlcC) correlated with the microarray data. These results suggest a possible regulatory role of S. oneidensis MR-1 Fur in energy metabolism that extends the traditional model of Fur as a negative regulator of iron acquisition systems. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Thompson, D K AU - Beliaev, A S AU - Giometti, C S AU - Tollaksen, S L AU - Khare, T AU - Lies, D P AU - Nealson, KH AU - Lim, H AU - Yates III, J AU - Brandt, C C AU - Tiedje, J M AU - Zhou, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038., zhouj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 881 EP - 892 VL - 68 IS - 2 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Fur protein KW - aceE gene KW - alcC gene KW - ccoNQ gene KW - chvI gene KW - cytochrome b KW - etrA gene KW - fdhD gene KW - fhuA gene KW - fur gene KW - hemR gene KW - hxuC gene KW - ompW gene KW - pdhC gene KW - phoB gene KW - ppc gene KW - prpC gene KW - qor gene KW - rgA gene KW - rpoH gene KW - sodB gene KW - yggW gene KW - yiaY gene KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Transcription factors KW - Gene regulation KW - Oxidation KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - Iron KW - A 01002:Acids, amino acids, peptides & proteins KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18249388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Transcriptional+and+Proteomic+Analysis+of+a+Ferric+Uptake+Regulator+%28Fur%29+Mutant+of+Shewanella+oneidensis%3A+Possible+Involvement+of+Fur+in+Energy+Metabolism%2C+Transcriptional+Regulation%2C+and+Oxidative+Stress&rft.au=Thompson%2C+D+K%3BBeliaev%2C+A+S%3BGiometti%2C+C+S%3BTollaksen%2C+S+L%3BKhare%2C+T%3BLies%2C+D+P%3BNealson%2C+KH%3BLim%2C+H%3BYates+III%2C+J%3BBrandt%2C+C+C%3BTiedje%2C+J+M%3BZhou%2C+J&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=881&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.68.2.881-892.2002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shewanella oneidensis; Iron; Gene regulation; Oxidation; Transcription factors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.2.881-892.2002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multifaceted roles of Lys166 of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase as discerned by product analysis and chemical rescue of site-directed mutants. AN - 71403391; 11802742 AB - Ab initio calculations [King, W. A., et al. (1998) Biochemistry 37, 15414-15422] of an active-site mimic of D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase suggest that active-site Lys166 plays a role in carboxylation in addition to its functions in the initial deprotonation and final protonation steps. To test this postulate, the turnover of 1-(3)H-labeled D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) by impaired position-166 mutants was characterized. Although these mutants catalyze slow enolization of RuBP, most of the RuBP-enediol undergoes beta-elimination of phosphate to form 2,3-pentodiulose 5-phosphate, signifying deficiencies in normal carboxylation and oxygenation. Much of the remaining RuBP-enediol is carboxylated but forms pyruvate, rather than 3-phospho-D-glycerate, due to incapacity in protonation of the terminal aci-acid intermediate. As a further test of the postulate, the effects of subtle perturbation of the Lys166 side chain on the carboxylation/oxygenation partitioning ratio (tau) were determined. To eliminate a chemically reactive site, Cys58 was replaced by a seryl residue without any loss of activity. The virtually inactive K166C-C58S double mutant was chemically rescued by aminoethylation or aminopropylation to reinsert a lysyl-like side chain at position 166. Relative to the wild-type value, tau for the aminoethylated enzyme was increased by approximately 30%, and tau for the aminopropylated enzyme was decreased by approximately 80%. Thus, two lines of experimentation support the theoretically based conclusion for the importance of Lys166 in the reaction of RuBP-enediol with gaseous substrates. JF - Biochemistry AU - Harpel, Mark R AU - Larimer, Frank W AU - Hartman, Fred C AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. Y1 - 2002/01/29/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 29 SP - 1390 EP - 1397 VL - 41 IS - 4 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - DNA Primers KW - 0 KW - Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase KW - EC 4.1.1.39 KW - Lysine KW - K3Z4F929H6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Base Sequence KW - Isoelectric Focusing KW - Binding Sites KW - Alkylation KW - Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase -- genetics KW - Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase -- chemistry KW - Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase -- metabolism KW - Lysine -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71403391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Multifaceted+roles+of+Lys166+of+ribulose-bisphosphate+carboxylase%2Foxygenase+as+discerned+by+product+analysis+and+chemical+rescue+of+site-directed+mutants.&rft.au=Harpel%2C+Mark+R%3BLarimer%2C+Frank+W%3BHartman%2C+Fred+C&rft.aulast=Harpel&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2002-01-29&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1390&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-13 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional annotation of mammalian genomic DNA sequence by chemical mutagenesis: a fine-structure genetic mutation map of a 1- to 2-cM segment of mouse chromosome 7 corresponding to human chromosome 11p14-p15. AN - 71416203; 11792855 AB - Eleven independent, recessive, N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mutations that map to a approximately 1- to 2-cM region of mouse chromosome (Chr) 7 homologous to human Chr 11p14-p15 were recovered from a screen of 1,218 gametes. These mutations were initially identified in a hemizygous state opposite a large p-locus deletion and subsequently were mapped to finer genomic intervals by crosses to a panel of smaller p deletions. The 11 mutations also were classified into seven complementation groups by pairwise crosses. Four complementation groups were defined by seven prenatally lethal mutations, including a group (l7R3) comprised of two alleles of obvious differing severity. Two allelic mutations (at the psrt locus) result in a severe seizure and runting syndrome, but one mutation (at the fit2 locus) results in a more benign runting phenotype. This experiment has added seven loci, defined by phenotypes of presumed point mutations, to the genetic map of a small (1-2 cM) region of mouse Chr 7 and will facilitate the task of functional annotation of DNA sequence and transcription maps both in the mouse and the corresponding human 11p14-p15 homology region. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Rinchik, Eugene M AU - Carpenter, Donald A AU - Johnson, Dabney K AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8077, USA. rinchikem@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/01/22/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 22 SP - 844 EP - 849 VL - 99 IS - 2 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Ethylnitrosourea KW - P8M1T4190R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - DNA Mutational Analysis KW - Humans KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Mice KW - Mutagenesis KW - Gene Deletion KW - Phenotype KW - Mice, Mutant Strains KW - Ethylnitrosourea -- toxicity KW - Genetic Complementation Test KW - Crosses, Genetic KW - Species Specificity KW - Genes, Lethal KW - Female KW - Genes, Recessive KW - Male KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 -- genetics KW - DNA -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Chromosome Mapping UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71416203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Functional+annotation+of+mammalian+genomic+DNA+sequence+by+chemical+mutagenesis%3A+a+fine-structure+genetic+mutation+map+of+a+1-+to+2-cM+segment+of+mouse+chromosome+7+corresponding+to+human+chromosome+11p14-p15.&rft.au=Rinchik%2C+Eugene+M%3BCarpenter%2C+Donald+A%3BJohnson%2C+Dabney+K&rft.aulast=Rinchik&rft.aufirst=Eugene&rft.date=2002-01-22&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=844&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-29 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Genetics. 1993 Dec;135(4):1117-23 [8307327] Hum Mol Genet. 1999;8(10):1955-63 [10469849] Mamm Genome. 1995 Jul;6(7):474-5 [7579891] Nature. 1995 Dec 14;378(6558):720-4 [7501018] Genetics. 1995 Dec;141(4):1547-62 [8601493] Genetics. 1995 Dec;141(4):1563-71 [8601494] Nature. 1996 Sep 19;383(6597):250-3 [8805699] Nat Genet. 1997 Mar;15(3):285-8 [9054943] Mamm Genome. 1997 Feb;8(2):143-5 [9060416] Genetics. 1997 Feb;145(2):435-43 [9071596] Blood. 1997 Sep 1;90(5):1850-7 [9292517] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Feb 3;95(3):1114-9 [9448294] Methods. 1997 Dec;13(4):409-21 [9480785] Methods. 1997 Dec;13(4):423-36 [9480786] Mamm Genome. 1998 Apr;9(4):269-73 [9530621] Genetics. 1998 Apr;148(4):1951-61 [9560408] Genetics. 1998 Apr;148(4):1963-72 [9560409] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Jun 23;95(13):7485-90 [9636176] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Aug 4;95(16):9436-41 [9689098] Genetics. 1998 Nov;150(3):1155-68 [9799267] Development. 1999 Apr;126(8):1601-9 [10079223] Genetics. 1999 May;152(1):373-83 [10224267] Nucleic Acids Res. 1999 Jun 1;27(11):2354-60 [10325425] Trends Genet. 2000 Mar;16(3):99-102 [10689347] Mamm Genome. 2000 Jul;11(7):489-99 [10886011] Genome Res. 2000 Jul;10(7):1043-50 [10899153] Nat Genet. 2000 Aug;25(4):440-3 [10932191] Nat Genet. 2000 Aug;25(4):444-7 [10932192] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Jan 16;98(2):641-5 [11209059] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Nov;76(11):5818-9 [293686] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 May;78(5):3138-41 [6942421] Genet Res. 1986 Apr;47(2):135-42 [3710160] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(1):180-4 [3422415] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Feb;87(3):896-900 [2300582] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 1;89(15):6968-72 [1495987] Nature. 1993 Jan 7;361(6407):72-6 [8421497] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Mar 1;90(5):2050-4 [8095339] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jun 1;90(11):5105-9 [8389469] Mamm Genome. 1993;4(7):349-53 [8358168] Genetics. 1993 Aug;134(4):1205-10 [8375656] Genes Dev. 1993 Dec;7(12A):2285-97 [8253377] Genes Dev. 1993 Dec;7(12A):2298-307 [8253378] Genomics. 1999 May 1;57(3):333-41 [10328999] Mamm Genome. 1999 Sep;10(9):870-8 [10441737] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jul 3;92(14):6394-8 [7604002] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation quotients of aluminum sulfate complexes in NaCF3SO3 media at 10, 25, and 50 degrees C from potentiometric titrations using a mercury/mercurous sulfate electrode concentration cell. AN - 71431225; 11827050 AB - Mercury/mercurous sulfate electrode concentration cells (with liquid junction) are employed in this study to determine the formation constants of aluminum sulfate complexes, with the principal advantage that the change in the free sulfate concentration is measured directly without the need to know the standard potential of the electrode. Potentiometric titrations were conducted at temperatures of 10, 25, and 50 degrees C and ionic strengths of approximately 0.3, 0.5, and 1.0 molal in aqueous solutions of the inert 1:1 electrolyte sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate (NaTr). Stoichiometric molal formation quotients Q1 and Q2, respectively, for the reactions Al3+(aq) + SO4(2-)(aq) AlSO4+(aq) and Al3+(aq) + 2SO4(2-)(aq) <= >Al(SO4)2-(aq) were determined. The values of log Q1 obtained from this work in NaTr media at ionic strengths of 0.3 and 1.0 mol x kg(-1) and 50 degrees C (1.72 +/- 0.08 and 1.35 +/- 0.06, respectively) are in excellent agreement with the values (1.71 +/- 0.2 and 1.32 +/- 0.1) determined in NaCl media from the recent potentiometric study conducted in the same laboratory using a hydrogen electrode concentration cell by Ridley et al. (Ridley, M. K.; Wesolowski, D. J.; Palmer, D. A.; Kettler, R. M. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1999, 62, 459-472). The value of log Q2 (2.05 +/- 0.05) in 1.0 mol x kg(-1) from this work is smaller than the value reported by Ridley et al. (2.6 +/- 0.5) but within the combined experimental error. Empirical isothermal equations are presented to permit calculation of the equilibrium quotients as a function of ionic strength (0-1 mol x kg(-1)), giving log K1 and log K2 values at 25 degrees C and infinite dilution of 3.84 +/- 0.12 and 5.58 + 0.09, respectively. The value for log K1 obtained in this study at 25 degrees C is bracketed within experimental uncertainty by values reported by Kryzhanovskii et al. (Kryzhanovskii, M. M.; Volokhov, Y. A.; Pavlov, L. N.; Eremin, N. I.; Mironov, V. E Zh. Prikl. Khim. 1971, 44,476-479) and Nishide and Tsuchiya (Nishide, T.; Tsuchiya, R. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1965, 38, 1398-1400), namely, 3.89 and 3.73, respectively. All other literature values for the first aluminum sulfate association constant are considerably lower than these results, which is also true for the second association constant, although there are few experimental data available for the latter. Empirical equations are also presented for calculating values of log Q1 and log Q2 from 0 to 1 molal ionic strength and from 10 to 125 degrees C, spanning the range of most environmental conditions at which these reactions are important. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Xiao, Caibin AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Palmer, Donald A AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-6110, USA. Y1 - 2002/01/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 15 SP - 166 EP - 173 VL - 36 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Alum Compounds KW - 0 KW - Sulfates KW - aluminum sulfate KW - 34S289N54E KW - Index Medicus KW - Titrimetry KW - Electrodes KW - Temperature KW - Alum Compounds -- chemistry KW - Sulfates -- analysis KW - Sulfates -- chemistry KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Alum Compounds -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71431225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Formation+quotients+of+aluminum+sulfate+complexes+in+NaCF3SO3+media+at+10%2C+25%2C+and+50+degrees+C+from+potentiometric+titrations+using+a+mercury%2Fmercurous+sulfate+electrode+concentration+cell.&rft.au=Xiao%2C+Caibin%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A&rft.aulast=Xiao&rft.aufirst=Caibin&rft.date=2002-01-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-08 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trends in Dissolved Gaseous Mercury in the Tahquamenon River Watershed and Nearshore Waters of Whitefish Bay in the Michigan Upper Peninsula AN - 759320869; 13726792 AB - A field study was conducted in June of 1998 to characterize the dynamics of dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) in the TahquamenonRiver watershed and nearshore waters of Whitefish Bay in the Upper Michigan Peninsula. We found that over a transect acrossthe watershed, DGM levels increased generally from a creek (mean = 12 pg L super(-1)), passing through the watershed, to the nearshore surface waters of the bay (mean = 29 pg L super(-1)). DGM levels in nearshore surface waters of the bayranged from 15 to 50 pg L super(-1) and peaked generally around noontime, exhibiting diurnal trends. A significant DGM decline from 32 pg L super(-1) in the early morning to 15 pg L super(-1) during the day was observed in these surface waters following passage of a coldfront, probably caused by wind-induced mixing and decrease insolar radiation associated with the frontal passage. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Zhang, Hong AU - Lindberg, Steve E AD - Environmental Sciences Division (ESD), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6038, U.S.A., 2hz@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 381 EP - 391 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 133 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Surface water KW - Surface Water KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Mixing KW - Streams KW - Radiation KW - Whitefish KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Mercury in the atmosphere KW - Rivers KW - Diurnal variations KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Soil contamination KW - Creek KW - Water pollution KW - Soil pollution KW - Air pollution KW - Coastal oceanography KW - Mercury KW - M2 551.463/.464:Seawater Properties (551.463/.464) KW - Q2 09184:Composition of water KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - X 24360:Metals KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759320869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Trends+in+Dissolved+Gaseous+Mercury+in+the+Tahquamenon+River+Watershed+and+Nearshore+Waters+of+Whitefish+Bay+in+the+Michigan+Upper+Peninsula&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Hong%3BLindberg%2C+Steve+E&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Hong&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1012919030291 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Air pollution; Estuaries; Brackishwater environment; Mercury; Creek; Watersheds; Water pollution; Soil pollution; Radiation; Surface water; Mercury in the atmosphere; Atmospheric pollution; Coastal oceanography; Diurnal variations; Soil contamination; Whitefish; Surface Water; Streams; Mixing; Brackish; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012919030291 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of solvent concentration on the use of palladized-iron for the step-wise dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls in soil extracts. AN - 71642980; 11952181 AB - This report describes the application of palladized iron (Pd/Fe) to the dechlorination of polychlorinted biphenyls (PCBs) at ambient temperature. Experiments supported by congener-specific analyses demonstrated that dechlorination occurs in a step-wise fashion with the meta-chlorines being more reactive than ortho-chlorines. Over the course of the laboratory experiments, complete conversion to biphenyl was observed. The process was also tested with PCBs dissolved in high (40-60%) concentrations of ethanol and isopropanol as a means of simulating solutions generated by commercial soil and solid waste extraction processes. The reaction rate was sensitive to the percentage of solvent but complete dechlorination was still indicated. Tests with soil extracts from a contaminated site demonstrated that there were no apparent interferences from asphalt and other miscellaneous debris. Short-duration tests with highly contaminated PCB solutions from a hazardous waste site demonstrated efficient dechlorination although there was a reduction in reaction rate with time. JF - Waste management (New York, N.Y.) AU - Korte, N E AU - West, O R AU - Liang, L AU - Gu, B AU - Zutman, J L AU - Fernando, Q AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831, USA. mkorte1@msn.com Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 343 EP - 349 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0956-053X, 0956-053X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Solvents KW - Palladium KW - 5TWQ1V240M KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Palladium -- chemistry KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Iron -- chemistry KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71642980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+solvent+concentration+on+the+use+of+palladized-iron+for+the+step-wise+dechlorination+of+polychlorinated+biphenyls+in+soil+extracts.&rft.au=Korte%2C+N+E%3BWest%2C+O+R%3BLiang%2C+L%3BGu%2C+B%3BZutman%2C+J+L%3BFernando%2C+Q&rft.aulast=Korte&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=343&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-17 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of extracellular enzyme activities during manure composting. AN - 71623331; 11966919 AB - AIMSThe objectives of this work were to determine the extracellular enzyme profiles during composting, relate the activities of these enzymes to the changes in microbial population and compare the enzyme profiles between two manures.METHODS AND RESULTSAPI ZYM assay was used to monitor the activities of 19 extracellular enzymes during poultry and pig manure composting. Results showed an overall increase in diversity and relative abundance of enzymes present. The relative abundance and activities of enzymes were higher in poultry manure than in pig manure. Among the 19 enzymes tested, esterase, valine amino-peptidase and alpha-galactosidase were the most abundant enzymes in poultry manure, whereas it was N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase for the pig manure. A number of these enzymes correlated with change in numbers of different microbial groups during composting.CONCLUSIONSThe composting process represented a combined activity of a wide succession of environments, as one enzyme/microbial group overlapped the other and each emerged gradually due to the continual change in temperature and progressive breakdown of complex compounds to simpler ones.SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDYThe results presented here show the applicability of the API ZYM test not only in monitoring the quantitative and qualitative fluctuation of the available substrate during composting, but also in revealing differences in composts and compost maturity. JF - Journal of applied microbiology AU - Tiquia, S M AD - Microbial Genomics and Ecology Group, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831, USA. tiquias@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 764 EP - 775 VL - 92 IS - 4 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - Enzymes KW - 0 KW - Manure KW - Index Medicus KW - Swine KW - Animals KW - Poultry KW - Actinomycetales -- enzymology KW - Wood KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Fungi -- enzymology KW - Bacteria -- enzymology KW - Refuse Disposal -- methods KW - Enzymes -- metabolism KW - Manure -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71623331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+microbiology&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+extracellular+enzyme+activities+during+manure+composting.&rft.au=Tiquia%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Tiquia&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-06-27 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the emulsion characteristics of Rhodococcus erythropolis and Escherichia coli SOXC-5 cells expressing biodesulfurization genes. AN - 71469976; 11822905 AB - Biodesulfurization of fuel oils is a two-phase (oil/water) process which may offer an interesting alternative to conventional hydrodesulfurization due to the mild operating conditions and reaction specificity afforded by the biocatalyst. For biodesulfurization to realize commercial success, a variety of process considerations must be addressed including reaction rate, emulsion formation and breakage, biocatalyst recovery, and both gas and liquid mass transport. This study evaluates emulsion formation and breakage using two biocatalysts with differing hydrophobic characteristics. A Gram-positive (Rhodococcus erythropolis) biocatalyst, expressing the complete 4S desulfurization pathway, and a Gram-negative biocatalyst (Escherichia coli), expressing only the gene for conversion of dibenzothiophene (DBT) to DBT sulfone, are compared relative to their ability to convert DBT and the ease of phase separation as well as biocatalyst recovery following desulfurization. JF - Biotechnology progress AU - Borole, Abhijeet P AU - Kaufman, Eric N AU - Grossman, Matthew J AU - Minak-Bernero, Vera AU - Bare, Richard AU - Lee, M Kathryn AD - Chemical Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 4505, MS 6226, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6226, USA. borolea@ornl.gov PY - 2002 SP - 88 EP - 93 VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 8756-7938, 8756-7938 KW - Emulsions KW - 0 KW - Petroleum KW - Thiophenes KW - Sulfur KW - 70FD1KFU70 KW - dibenzothiophene KW - Z3D4AJ1R48 KW - Index Medicus KW - Petroleum -- toxicity KW - Petroleum -- metabolism KW - Surface Tension KW - Particle Size KW - Kinetics KW - Bioreactors KW - Thiophenes -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Petroleum -- microbiology KW - Catalysis KW - Rhodococcus -- metabolism KW - Emulsions -- metabolism KW - Sulfur -- metabolism KW - Escherichia coli -- metabolism KW - Rhodococcus -- growth & development KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Rhodococcus -- genetics KW - Escherichia coli -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71469976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+progress&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+emulsion+characteristics+of+Rhodococcus+erythropolis+and+Escherichia+coli+SOXC-5+cells+expressing+biodesulfurization+genes.&rft.au=Borole%2C+Abhijeet+P%3BKaufman%2C+Eric+N%3BGrossman%2C+Matthew+J%3BMinak-Bernero%2C+Vera%3BBare%2C+Richard%3BLee%2C+M+Kathryn&rft.aulast=Borole&rft.aufirst=Abhijeet&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+progress&rft.issn=87567938&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-27 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in soil quality and below-ground carbon storage with conversion of traditional agricultural crop lands to bioenergy crop production. AN - 71444410; 11833923 AB - Berm-isolated (0.5 ha) plots have been used since 1995 to quantify changes in soil and water quality with conversion from agricultural to bioenergy crops. Soil quality improvements, including increases in soil carbon storage, have occurred on sites planted to woody or herbaceous species, and no-till corn compared with tilled corn or cotton. Initial increases in soil carbon occurred within the upper 10 cm of the soil profile. Soil carbon on plantings of switchgrass, no-till corn, and sweetgum with a cover crop between the rows increased over the first 3 years. Soil carbon decreased by 6% on the sweetgum plantings without a cover crop and remained lower through the fifth growing season. Overall, the greatest increases in below ground carbon storage have occurred primarily within the upper 40 cm. Former land use, growth characteristics, management practices, and soil characteristics appear to be the primary factors determining the timing, depth. and extent of changes in soil carbon storage for bioenergy and no-till crops. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Tolber, V R AU - Todd, D E AU - Mann, L K AU - Jawdy, C M AU - Mays, D A AU - Malik, R AU - Bandaranayake, W AU - Houston, A AU - Tyler, D AU - Pettry, D E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6422, USA. tolbertvr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - S97 EP - 106 VL - 116 Suppl 1 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Soil KW - 0 KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Plants, Edible KW - Water Supply KW - Energy-Generating Resources KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Agriculture KW - Carbon -- analysis KW - Conservation of Natural Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71444410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Changes+in+soil+quality+and+below-ground+carbon+storage+with+conversion+of+traditional+agricultural+crop+lands+to+bioenergy+crop+production.&rft.au=Tolber%2C+V+R%3BTodd%2C+D+E%3BMann%2C+L+K%3BJawdy%2C+C+M%3BMays%2C+D+A%3BMalik%2C+R%3BBandaranayake%2C+W%3BHouston%2C+A%3BTyler%2C+D%3BPettry%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Tolber&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=116+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-08 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Issues Concerning the Decontamination of Women and Children in Disasters: Findings from a Study on How Clean Is Safe T2 - International Sociological Association AN - 61773544; 2004S02232 AB - Decontamination of responders as well as civilians affected by a chemical or biological release is an accepted protective action employed by emergency and medical personnel during or after an event. Decontamination procedures and protocols in the United States, however, are generally based on military models that assume a disciplined, largely male contingent of recipients. Our survey of recent events in the United States where decontamination of people and buildings occurred indicates that existing protocols ignore the impacts on women's and children's mental and physical health. Our findings indicate that the lack of attention to gender issues exacerbates the trauma of the experience and places women and children in unreasonable situations. Discussion of how those issues could be resolved is included in the recommendations of the study. JF - International Sociological Association AU - Vogt, Barbara AU - Sorensen, John Y1 - 2002///0, PY - 2002 DA - 0, 2002 KW - Disaster Relief KW - Public Health KW - Disaster Preparedness KW - Females KW - Children KW - proceeding KW - 2681: environmental interactions; disaster studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61773544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=International+Sociological+Association&rft.atitle=Issues+Concerning+the+Decontamination+of+Women+and+Children+in+Disasters%3A+Findings+from+a+Study+on+How+Clean+Is+Safe&rft.au=Vogt%2C+Barbara%3BSorensen%2C+John&rft.aulast=Vogt&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Sociological+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-03-10 N1 - Publication note - 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Framework for Analyzing Dialogues over the Acceptability of Controversial Technologies AN - 60537035; 200304942 AB - This article asks under what circumstances controversial technologies would be considered seriously for remediation instead of being rejected out of hand. To address this question, the authors developed a conceptual framework called public acceptability of controversial technologies (PACT). PACT considers site-specific, decision-oriented dialogues among the individuals & groups involved in selecting or recommending hazardous waste remediation technologies. It distinguishes technology acceptability; that is, a willingness to consider seriously, for technology acceptance, the decision to deploy. The framework integrates four dimensions: (1) an acceptability of continuum that underlies decision-oriented dialogues among individuals & constituency groups, (2) the attributes of these individuals & groups, (3) the attributes of the technology at issue, & (42 the community context -- social, institutional, & physical. This article describes & explores PACT as a tool for understanding & better predicting the acceptability of controversial technologies. 1 Figure, 78 References. [Copyright 2002 Sage Publications, Inc.] JF - Science, Technology, and Human Values AU - Wolfe, Amy K AU - Bjornstad, David J AU - Russell, Milton AU - Kerchner, Nichole D AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 134 EP - 159 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0162-2439, 0162-2439 KW - Hazards KW - Policy Making KW - Technological Innovations KW - Discussion KW - Wastes KW - Environmental Policy KW - Disputes KW - Adoption of Innovations KW - article KW - 9221: politics and society; politics and society UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60537035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science%2C+Technology%2C+and+Human+Values&rft.atitle=A+Framework+for+Analyzing+Dialogues+over+the+Acceptability+of+Controversial+Technologies&rft.au=Wolfe%2C+Amy+K%3BBjornstad%2C+David+J%3BRussell%2C+Milton%3BKerchner%2C+Nichole+D&rft.aulast=Wolfe&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science%2C+Technology%2C+and+Human+Values&rft.issn=01622439&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - STHVDQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Technological Innovations; Disputes; Discussion; Adoption of Innovations; Wastes; Hazards; Environmental Policy; Policy Making ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of precipitation events on colloids in a karst aquifer AN - 52146047; 2002-011206 AB - The effects of precipitation events on colloid mobilization were evaluated during several storms from six wells in a karstic aquifer at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant in eastern Tennessee (USA). Turbidity increases and rapidly recedes following rain events. Although the magnitude of the turbidity increases are relatively small (19 mm), the increased turbidity is associated with increases in pH, total organic carbon (TOC) and temperature, and with decreases in dissolved oxygen (DO). These larger storms result in flushing of a greater proportion of higher pH, TOC (and lower DO) soil or matrix waters into the fractures and conduits than occurs during smaller storms. Smaller storms also result in increases in turbidity, but show increases in DO and decreases in pH reflecting less influence on the water chemistry from the longer residence time epikarst or and matrix waters, and greater impact from the more dilute, newly recharged waters. Due to the complexity of karst flow and temporal variations in flow and chemistry, controls on turbidity are not consistent through time and space at the wells. During smaller storms, recharge by lower ionic strength waters may promote colloid release and thus contribute to observed increases in turbidity. During larger storms, elevated turbidity may be more related to pH increases resulting from greater influx of matrix and soil waters into fractures and conduits. Chemical factors alone cannot account for the changes in turbidity observed during the various storms. Because of the complicated nature of flow and particle transport in karst aquifers, the presence of colloids during precipitation events is dictated by a complex interplay of chemical reactions and the effects of physical perturbations due to increased flow through the conduits and fractures. Simple trends in water quality parameters could not be identified, and broad generalizations cannot easily be made in karst settings, and some of the expected correlations between chemical parameters during the storms were not observed in this work. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Shevenell, Lisa AU - McCarthy, John F Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 50 EP - 68 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 255 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - karst hydrology KW - Appalachians KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - ground water KW - Bear Creek valley KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - levels KW - Tennessee KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - storms KW - mobility KW - geochemistry KW - Valley and Ridge Province KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - North America KW - colloidal materials KW - monitoring KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - turbidity KW - carbonate rocks KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52146047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+precipitation+events+on+colloids+in+a+karst+aquifer&rft.au=Shevenell%2C+Lisa%3BMcCarthy%2C+John+F&rft.aulast=Shevenell&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=255&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anderson County Tennessee; Appalachians; aquifers; atmospheric precipitation; Bear Creek valley; carbonate rocks; colloidal materials; fractured materials; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; karst hydrology; levels; mobility; monitoring; North America; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; sedimentary rocks; storms; Tennessee; turbidity; United States; Valley and Ridge Province; water wells; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An advanced airborne magnetic system for high-resolution mapping AN - 52005115; 2003-028626 AB - An eight-sensor boom-mounted airborne magnetometer system has been developed for mapping unexploded ordnance. The system is appropriate for high-resolution mapping of cultural and geologic features in environmental surveys as well as mining and petroleum applications. Data from a meander in the White River on the Badlands Bombing Range demonstrate the sensitivity of the system, and the benefits of the ORAGS system over systems that operate at higher altitudes. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Doll, William E AU - Beard, L AU - Gamey, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 818 EP - 821 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 72 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - United States KW - high-resolution methods KW - geophysical surveys KW - geophysical methods KW - magnetic methods KW - mapping KW - ORAGS KW - Badlands National Park KW - magnetometers KW - case studies KW - Badlands Bombing Range KW - White River KW - surveys KW - Oak Ridge Airborne Geophysical System KW - instruments KW - South Dakota KW - helicopter methods KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52005115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=An+advanced+airborne+magnetic+system+for+high-resolution+mapping&rft.au=Doll%2C+William+E%3BBeard%2C+L%3BGamey%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Doll&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=&rft.spage=818&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 72nd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; Badlands Bombing Range; Badlands National Park; case studies; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; helicopter methods; high-resolution methods; instruments; magnetic methods; magnetometers; mapping; Oak Ridge Airborne Geophysical System; ORAGS; South Dakota; surveys; United States; White River ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A pseudo-adaptive hum filter to suppress rotor noise in high-resolution airborne magnetic data AN - 52003450; 2003-028782 AB - A unique filtering approach designed to eliminate helicopter rotor noise on aeromagnetic data without affecting the frequency content of signal provides a powerful harmonic noise suppression tool for data acquired with modern large dynamic range recording systems. This three-step approach-polynomial fitting, bandpass filtering, and rotor noise synthesis-significantly reduces the rotor noise and does not alter the spectra of signals. The approach to modeling the rotor noise is stable and efficient. Real data examples demonstrate this method can suppress rotor noise by more than 90% when implemented in an aeromagnetic data processing flow. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Xia, Jianghai AU - Doll, William E AU - Miller, Richard D AU - Gamey, T Jeffrey AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 1432 EP - 1435 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 72 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - high-resolution methods KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - magnetic methods KW - algorithms KW - filters KW - signals KW - noise KW - helicopter methods KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=A+pseudo-adaptive+hum+filter+to+suppress+rotor+noise+in+high-resolution+airborne+magnetic+data&rft.au=Xia%2C+Jianghai%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BMiller%2C+Richard+D%3BGamey%2C+T+Jeffrey%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Xia&rft.aufirst=Jianghai&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1432&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 72nd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; algorithms; data processing; filters; geophysical methods; helicopter methods; high-resolution methods; magnetic methods; noise; signals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigations into the origin of magnetic soils on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Oak Ridge, TN AN - 51997096; 2003-030558 AB - In 1993-4, researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory collected high-resolution airborne geophysical data on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee (Doll et al., 2000). The data were collected in part to address concerns about possible undocumented hazardous waste sites. Interpretation of the aeromagnetic data was complicated, however, by the discovery of numerous small magnetic anomalies of natural origin. Magnetic susceptibility measurements made on core showed that the underlying Copper Ridge Dolomite is non-magnetic. Apparently, the magnetic anomalies were created by colluvial infilling of dolines with soil rich in maghemite. We discuss explanations offered in the literature for the formation of magnetic soils, and present evidence based on soil analysis, thin sections, x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy, that in this case maghemite formed either by anaerobic microbial iron reduction followed by the formation of single-domain maghemite, or by abiological weathering and reduction of an iron-bearing mineral followed by oxidation. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Rivers, John M AU - Nyquist, Jonathan E AU - Terry, Dennis O, Jr AU - Doll, William E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 1606 EP - 1609 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 72 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - experimental studies KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - clastic sediments KW - magnetic anomalies KW - Oak Ridge Tennessee KW - cores KW - radioactive waste KW - magnetic properties KW - magnetic minerals KW - magnetic susceptibility KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - residuum KW - oxides KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - alluvium KW - waste disposal KW - maghemite KW - SEM data KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51997096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Investigations+into+the+origin+of+magnetic+soils+on+the+Oak+Ridge+Reservation%2C+Oak+Ridge%2C+TN&rft.au=Rivers%2C+John+M%3BNyquist%2C+Jonathan+E%3BTerry%2C+Dennis+O%2C+Jr%3BDoll%2C+William+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rivers&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1606&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 72nd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium; Anderson County Tennessee; clastic sediments; cores; experimental studies; maghemite; magnetic anomalies; magnetic minerals; magnetic properties; magnetic susceptibility; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Tennessee; oxides; radioactive waste; residuum; sediments; SEM data; soils; Tennessee; United States; waste disposal; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis, structure, and properties of monazite, pretulite, and xenotime AN - 51981041; 2003-043374 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Boatner, Lynn A A2 - Kohn, Matthew J. A2 - Rakovan, John A2 - Hughes, John M. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 87 EP - 121 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 48 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - pretulite KW - xenotime KW - metals KW - physicochemical properties KW - monazite KW - crystal structure KW - rare earths KW - phosphates KW - synthesis KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51981041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Synthesis%2C+structure%2C+and+properties+of+monazite%2C+pretulite%2C+and+xenotime&rft.au=Boatner%2C+Lynn+A&rft.aulast=Boatner&rft.aufirst=Lynn&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=093995060X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal structure; metals; monazite; phosphates; physicochemical properties; pretulite; rare earths; synthesis; xenotime ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dendroecological applications in air pollution and environmental chemistry; research needs AN - 51925908; 2003-077742 JF - Dendrochronologia (Verona) AU - McLaughlin, Samuel B AU - Shortle, Walter C AU - Smith, Kevin T Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 133 EP - 157 PB - Urban & Fischer Verlag GmbH, Jena VL - 20 IS - 1-2 SN - 1125-7865, 1125-7865 KW - relative age KW - wood KW - global change KW - Holocene KW - environmental effects KW - paleoecology KW - Cenozoic KW - ozone KW - geochronology KW - dates KW - applications KW - chemical composition KW - Quaternary KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - current research KW - indicators KW - signals KW - case studies KW - factors KW - tree rings KW - trees KW - acidification KW - air KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51925908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dendrochronologia+%28Verona%29&rft.atitle=Dendroecological+applications+in+air+pollution+and+environmental+chemistry%3B+research+needs&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+Samuel+B%3BShortle%2C+Walter+C%3BSmith%2C+Kevin+T&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Dendrochronologia+%28Verona%29&rft.issn=11257865&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.elsevier.de/dendro LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 108 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; air; applications; case studies; Cenozoic; chemical composition; current research; dates; environmental effects; factors; geochronology; global change; Holocene; indicators; ozone; paleoecology; pollution; Quaternary; relative age; signals; statistical analysis; tree rings; trees; wood ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Biogeochemical, mineralogical, and hydrological characteristics of an iron reactive barrier used for treatment of uranium and nitrate AN - 51844214; 2004-040527 JF - Handbook of groundwater remediation using permeable reactive barriers; applications to radionuclides, trace metals, and nutrients AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Watson, David AU - Phillips, Debra H AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Naftz, David L AU - Morrison, Stan J AU - Fuller, Christopher C AU - Davis, James A Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 PB - Academic Press, Amsterdam SN - 0125135637 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - iron KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - Tennessee KW - chemical properties KW - water pollution KW - heavy metals KW - disposal barriers KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - concentration KW - trenching KW - drainage KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - reactive barriers KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51844214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BWatson%2C+David%3BPhillips%2C+Debra+H%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BNaftz%2C+David+L%3BMorrison%2C+Stan+J%3BFuller%2C+Christopher+C%3BDavis%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0125135637&rft.btitle=Biogeochemical%2C+mineralogical%2C+and+hydrological+characteristics+of+an+iron+reactive+barrier+used+for+treatment+of+uranium+and+nitrate&rft.title=Biogeochemical%2C+mineralogical%2C+and+hydrological+characteristics+of+an+iron+reactive+barrier+used+for+treatment+of+uranium+and+nitrate&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radionuclide-contaminated soils; a mineralogical perspective for their remediation AN - 51313166; 2008-002743 JF - Soil Science Society of America Book Series AU - Elless, Mark P AU - Lee, S Y AU - Dixon, Joe B AU - Schulze, Darrell G Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 737 EP - 763 PB - Soil Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 7 SN - 1047-4986, 1047-4986 KW - United States KW - technology KW - density KW - cobalt KW - isotopes KW - plutonium KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - partitioning KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - transport KW - Hamilton County Ohio KW - mobility KW - pH KW - Ohio KW - soils KW - Fernald Ohio KW - technetium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - alkali metals KW - uranyl ion KW - solubility KW - metals KW - potassium KW - thorium KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - 25:Soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51313166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Book+Series&rft.atitle=Radionuclide-contaminated+soils%3B+a+mineralogical+perspective+for+their+remediation&rft.au=Elless%2C+Mark+P%3BLee%2C+S+Y%3BDixon%2C+Joe+B%3BSchulze%2C+Darrell+G&rft.aulast=Elless&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=737&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Book+Series&rft.issn=10474986&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 74 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; cesium; cobalt; density; Fernald Ohio; ground water; Hamilton County Ohio; isotopes; metals; mobility; Ohio; partitioning; pH; plutonium; potassium; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; remediation; soils; solubility; strontium; technetium; technology; thorium; transport; United States; uranium; uranyl ion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The aqueous geochemistry of the rare earth elements and yttrium; Part XI, The solubility of Nd(OH) (sub 3) and hydrolysis of Nd (super 3+) from 30 to 290 degrees C at saturated water vapor pressure with in-situ pH (sub m) measurement AN - 51167580; 2002-072472 AB - The solubility of well-characterized, crystalline Nd(OH) (sub 3) (cr) was determined in non-complexing, 0.03-1.0 mol kg (super -1) sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate (sodium triflate, NaTr) solutions from 30 degrees to 290 degrees C at saturated water vapor pressure (SWVP) over a range of pH (sub m) (pH (sub m) is the negative logarithm of the molal hydrogen-ion concentration). The pH (sub m) was measured in situ during the solubility experiments using a hydrogen-electrode concentration cell (50 degrees -290 degrees C) or a combination glass-electrode (30 degrees C). From 30 degrees to 200 degrees C the predominant dissolved Nd species over a wide range of pH (sub m) was found to be the aquo ion, Nd (super 3+) . Over the pH (sub m) range where Nd (super 3+) predominates, the solubility of Nd(OH) (sub 3) (cr) decreased strongly with increasing temperature. Stoichiometric molal equilibrium quotients (Q (sub s0) ) for the reaction: Nd(OH) (sub 3) (cr)+3H (super +) Nd (super 3+) +3H (sub 2) O, were computed for 0.03, 0.1 and 1.0 mol kg (super -1) sodium triflate. The following equation adequately describes the measured equilibrium quotients as a function of temperature and ionic strength: log Q (sub s0) = -6.662+7300.0/T + I(-91.51/T-7.182.10 (super -6) T (super 2) ) - 6f (super gamma ) /ln(10) - 3log a (sub w) , where T is the temperature in Kelvin, I is the ionic strength in mol kg (super -1) , a (sub w) is the activity of water and f (super gamma ) is a Debye-Huckel term given by f (super gamma ) = A (sub phi ) [x/(1+1.2x) + (2/1.2)ln(1+1.2x)] and x = I (super 1/2) . From these equations we calculate log K (sub s0) = 17.9+ or -0.3 at 25 degrees C, which compares well with a value recently derived from a critical evaluation of the pre-existing literature. We also obtain a value of Delta H (sub f) (super o) (Nd(OH) (sub 3) (cr)) = -1414+ or -5 kJ mol (super -1) at 25 degrees C and 1 bar which is in good agreement with calorimetrically-derived values reported in the literature. Our data also suggest that, at low temperature (30 degrees to 100 degrees C), hydrolysis proceeds from Nd (super 3+) to Nd(OH) (sub 3) (super 0) over a very narrow pH (sub m) range, and intermediate species are relatively unimportant. However, at 250 degrees and 290 degrees C, the Nd(OH) (super 2+) and Nd(OH) (sub 2) (super +) species are significant, with the relative importance of these two species being sensitive to the ionic strength. We were able to extract stoichiometric molal equilibrium quotients at 250 and 290 degrees C for the reactions: Nd (super 3+) + H (sub 2) O(1) Nd(OH) (super 2+) +H (super +) , Nd (super 3+) + 2H (sub 2) O(1) Nd(OH) (sub 2) (super +) +2H (super +) . Extrapolation of these equilibrium quotients to zero ionic strength using the Debye-Huckel equation indicates that recent theoretical predictions of the first hydrolysis constant at 250 degrees and 290 degrees C overestimate the degree of hydrolysis by several orders of magnitude. The solubility minimum, i.e., the region of the solubility curve where Nd(OH) (sub 3) (super 0) predominates in solution, decreases with temperature from 30 degrees to at least 100 degrees C, but increases again at 290 degrees C. Equilibrium constants for the reaction: Nd (super 3+) + 3H (sub 2) O(1) Nd(OH) (sub 3) (super 0) +3H (super +) were also obtained and found to be lower than recent theoretical predictions by increasing amounts as temperature increase (more than 3 orders of magnitude lower at 290 degrees C). JF - Special Publication - Geochemical Society AU - Wood, Scott A AU - Palmer, Donald A AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Benezeth, Pascale A2 - Hellmann, Roland Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 229 EP - 256 PB - Geochemical Society - University of Houston, Department of Chemistry, Houston, TX VL - 7 SN - 1073-2179, 1073-2179 KW - experimental studies KW - plutonium KW - physicochemical properties KW - hydrolysis KW - aqueous solutions KW - solubility KW - equilibrium KW - physical models KW - infrared spectra KW - hydroxides KW - FTIR spectra KW - enthalpy KW - metals KW - americium KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - rare earths KW - thermodynamic properties KW - neodymium KW - stoichiometry KW - actinides KW - yttrium KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51167580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Geochemical+Society&rft.atitle=The+aqueous+geochemistry+of+the+rare+earth+elements+and+yttrium%3B+Part+XI%2C+The+solubility+of+Nd%28OH%29+%28sub+3%29+and+hydrolysis+of+Nd+%28super+3%2B%29+from+30+to+290+degrees+C+at+saturated+water+vapor+pressure+with+in-situ+pH+%28sub+m%29+measurement&rft.au=Wood%2C+Scott+A%3BPalmer%2C+Donald+A%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BBenezeth%2C+Pascale&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=0941809064&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Geochemical+Society&rft.issn=10732179&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 79 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 11 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; americium; aqueous solutions; enthalpy; equilibrium; experimental studies; FTIR spectra; hydrolysis; hydroxides; infrared spectra; metals; neodymium; oxides; physical models; physicochemical properties; plutonium; rare earths; solubility; spectra; stoichiometry; thermodynamic properties; yttrium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiations in space: Risk estimates AN - 18627624; 5525364 AB - The complexity of radiation environments in space makes estimation of risks more difficult than for the protection of terrestrial populations. In deep space the duration of the mission, position in the solar cycle, number and size of solar particle events (SPE) and the spacecraft shielding are the major determinants of risk. In low-earth orbit missions there are the added factors of altitude and orbital inclination. Different radiation qualities such as protons and heavy ions and secondary radiations inside the spacecraft such as neutrons of various energies, have to be considered. Radiation dose rates in space are low except for short periods during very large SPEs. Risk estimation for space activities is based on the human experience of exposure to gamma rays and to a lesser extent X rays. The doses of protons, heavy ions and neutrons are adjusted to take into account the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of the different radiation types and thus derive equivalent doses. RBE values and factors to adjust for the effect of dose rate have to be obtained from experimental data. The influence of age and gender on the cancer risk is estimated from the data from atomic bomb survivors. Because of the large number of variables the uncertainities in the probability of the effects are large. Information needed to improve the risk estimates includes: (1) risk of cancer induction by protons, heavy ions and neutrons; (2) influence of dose rate and protraction, particularly on potential tissue effects such as reduced fertility and cataracts; and (3) possible effects of heavy ions on the central nervous system. Risk cannot be eliminated and thus there must be a consensus on what level of risk is acceptable. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Fry, RJM AD - Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-8026, USA Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 475 EP - 477 VL - 100 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - cataracts KW - central nervous system KW - crew safety KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - R2 23020:Technological risks KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18627624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=Radiations+in+space%3A+Risk+estimates&rft.au=Fry%2C+RJM&rft.aulast=Fry&rft.aufirst=RJM&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transpiration of gaseous elemental mercury through vegetation in a subtropical wetland in Florida AN - 18622848; 5525598 AB - Four seasonal sampling campaigns were carried out in the Florida Everglades to measure elemental Hg vapor (Hg degree ) fluxes over emergent macrophytes using a modified Bowen ratio gradient approach. The predominant flux of Hg degree over both invasive cattail and native sawgrass stands was emission; mean day time fluxes over cattail ranged from similar to 20 (winter) to similar to 40 (summer) ng m super(-2)h super(-1). Sawgrass fluxes were about half those over cattail during comparable periods. Emission from vegetation significantly exceeded evasion of Hg degree from the underlying water surface ( similar to 1-2 ng m super(-2)h super(-1)) measured simultaneously using floating chambers. Among several environmental factors (e.g. CO sub(2) flux, water vapor flux, wind speed, water, air and leaf temperature, and solar radiation), water vapor exhibited the strongest correlation with Hg degree flux, and transpiration is suggested as an appropriate term to describe this phenomenon. The lack of significant Hg degree emissions from a live, but uprooted (floating) cattail stand suggests that a likely source of the transpired Hg degree is the underlying sediments. The pattern of Hg degree fluxes typically measured indicated a diel cycle with two peaks, possibly related to different gas exchange dynamics: one in early morning related to lacunal gas release, and a second at midday related to transpiration; nighttime fluxes approached zero. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Lindberg, SE AU - Dong, W AU - Meyers, T AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, sll@ornl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 5207 EP - 5219 VL - 36 IS - 33 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - environmental factors KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Vapors KW - Mercury emission from wetlands KW - Mercury emission from trees KW - USA, Florida KW - Emissions KW - Mercury KW - Wetlands KW - Seasonal variations KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18622848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Transpiration+of+gaseous+elemental+mercury+through+vegetation+in+a+subtropical+wetland+in+Florida&rft.au=Lindberg%2C+SE%3BDong%2C+W%3BMeyers%2C+T&rft.aulast=Lindberg&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=33&rft.spage=5207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mercury emission from trees; Mercury emission from wetlands; Seasonal variations; Vapors; Emissions; Mercury; Wetlands; USA, Florida ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Actinium-225 Conjugates of MAb CC49 and Humanized Delta CH sub(2)CC49 AN - 18588962; 5418605 AB - Radioisotopes with moderate half-lives are essential for conventional radioimmunotherapy using tumor-selective MAbs which require days for localization. Actinium-225, with a half-life of 10 days and a yield of 4 alpha particles in its decay chain, may be an ideal choice for tumor-targeted radioimmunotherapy. Release of daughter radioisotopes from the primary chelator after the first decay has been a complication with the use of super(225)Ac. It has been reported that the domain-deleted product of MAb CC49, Hu- Delta CH sub(2) CC49, is able to extravasate and penetrate more deeply into tumors than the parent IgG molecule. We reasoned that once the super(225)Ac-chelate-MAb had penetrated into the tumor, the daughter radioisotopes would remain trapped even if they had been released from the primary chelator. Actinium-225 HEHA MAb CC49 conjugates were tested for distribution, micro-distribution and therapy in immunocompromised mice which had LS174T tumors growing at subcutaneous or intramuscular sites. Both super(125)I and super(225)Ac CC49 and Hu- Delta CH sub(2) CC49 were efficient in delivery of the radioisotopes to tumor sites. Tissue micro-autoradiography for the two antibody forms did not demonstrate any differences in micro-distribution of either super(125)I or super(225)Ac in the tumor. Furthermore, there was no detectable difference for the two carriers in the tumor retention of daughter radioisotopes from super(225)Ac. Therapy experiments with super(225)Ac were complicated by radiotoxicity of the conjugates. The lethal dose was about 0.5 mu Ci in two strains of mice regardless of the carrier. At injected doses of 0.5 and 0.25 mu Ci, CC49 was slightly active in tumor stasis, whereas no consistent significant effect of super(225)Ac- Hu- Delta CH sub(2) CC49 on growth of tumors was observed. The potential of super(225)Ac in radioimmunotherapy is limited by the radiotoxicity of its daughter radioisotopes. Its potential will only be realized if stable conjugates, capable of daughter radioisotope retention, can be devised. JF - Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals AU - Kennel, S J AU - Brechbiel, M W AU - Milenic, DE AU - Schlom, J AU - Mirzadeh, S AD - Life Sciences Division, Bldg 4500S, Rm F150, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, USA Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 219 EP - 231 VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 1084-9785, 1084-9785 KW - CC49 antigen KW - actinium-225 KW - man KW - mice KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W3 33375:Antibodies KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18588962?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Biotherapy+and+Radiopharmaceuticals&rft.atitle=Actinium-225+Conjugates+of+MAb+CC49+and+Humanized+Delta+CH+sub%282%29CC49&rft.au=Kennel%2C+S+J%3BBrechbiel%2C+M+W%3BMilenic%2C+DE%3BSchlom%2C+J%3BMirzadeh%2C+S&rft.aulast=Kennel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Biotherapy+and+Radiopharmaceuticals&rft.issn=10849785&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional X-ray structural microscopy with submicrometre resolution AN - 1844921721; 2016-099799 AB - A three-dimensional X-ray microscopic technique is described that uses polychromatic synchrotron X-ray microbeams to probe local crystal structure, orientation and strain tensors with sub-mu m spatial resolution. The technique is illustrated with 3D measurements of grain orientations and sizes in polycrystalline Al, and with mu m depth-resolved measurements of elastic strain tensors in cylindrically bent Si. The technique is applicable to single crystals, polycrystals, composite and functionally graded materials. JF - Nature (London) AU - Larson, B C AU - Yang, W AU - Ice, G E AU - Budai, J D AU - Tischler, J Z Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 887 EP - 890 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 415 IS - 6874 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - high-resolution methods KW - three-dimensional models KW - techniques KW - crystal structure KW - elastic strain KW - X-rays KW - single-crystal method KW - microscope methods KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - X-ray analysis KW - polycrystalline materials KW - spectroscopy KW - instruments KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844921721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+X-ray+structural+microscopy+with+submicrometre+resolution&rft.au=Larson%2C+B+C%3BYang%2C+W%3BIce%2C+G+E%3BBudai%2C+J+D%3BTischler%2C+J+Z&rft.aulast=Larson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=415&rft.issue=6874&rft.spage=887&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2F415887a L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; crystal structure; elastic strain; high-resolution methods; instruments; metals; microscope methods; polycrystalline materials; single-crystal method; spectroscopy; techniques; three-dimensional models; X-ray analysis; X-ray spectroscopy; X-rays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/415887a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial and Resource Factors Influencing High Microbial Diversity in Soil AN - 18353353; 5288770 AB - To begin defining the key determinants that drive microbial community structure in soil, we examined 29 soil samples from four geographically distinct locations taken from the surface, vadose zone, and saturated subsurface using a small-subunit rRNA-based cloning approach. While microbial communities in low- carbon, saturated, subsurface soils showed dominance, microbial communities in low-carbon surface soils showed remarkably uniform distributions, and all species were equally abundant. Two diversity indices, the reciprocal of Simpson's index (1/D) and the log series index, effectively distinguished between the dominant and uniform diversity patterns. For example, the uniform profiles characteristic of the surface communities had diversity index values that were 2 to 3 orders of magnitude greater than those for the high-dominance, saturated, subsurface communities. In a site richer in organic carbon, microbial communities consistently exhibited the uniform distribution pattern regardless of soil water content and depth. The uniform distribution implies that competition does not shape the structure of these microbial communities. Theoretical studies based on mathematical modeling suggested that spatial isolation co