TY - JOUR T1 - Reconciling food security and bioenergy: priorities for action AN - 1872843215; PQ0004124607 AB - Understanding the complex interactions among food security, bioenergy sustainability, and resource management requires a focus on specific contextual problems and opportunities. The United Nations' 2030 Sustainable Development Goals place a high priority on food and energy security; bioenergy plays an important role in achieving both goals. Effective food security programs begin by clearly defining the problem and asking, 'What can be done to assist people at high risk?' Simplistic global analyses, headlines, and cartoons that blame biofuels for food insecurity may reflect good intentions but mislead the public and policymakers because they obscure the main drivers of local food insecurity and ignore opportunities for bioenergy to contribute to solutions. Applying sustainability guidelines to bioenergy will help achieve near- and long-term goals to eradicate hunger. Priorities for achieving successful synergies between bioenergy and food security include the following: (1) clarifying communications with clear and consistent terms, (2) recognizing that food and bioenergy need not compete for land and, instead, should be integrated to improve resource management, (3) investing in technology, rural extension, and innovations to build capacity and infrastructure, (4) promoting stable prices that incentivize local production, (5) adopting flex crops that can provide food along with other products and services to society, and (6) engaging stakeholders to identify and assess specific opportunities for biofuels to improve food security. Systematic monitoring and analysis to support adaptive management and continual improvement are essential elements to build synergies and help society equitably meet growing demands for both food and energy. JF - GCB Bioenergy AU - Kline, Keith L AU - Msangi, Siwa AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Woods, Jeremy AU - Souza, Glaucia M AU - Osseweijer, Patricia AU - Clancy, Joy S AU - Hilbert, Jorge A AU - Johnson, Francis X AU - McDonnell, Patrick C AU - Mugera, Harriet K AD - Environmental Science Division, Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37831, USA. Y1 - 2017/03// PY - 2017 DA - March 2017 SP - 557 EP - 576 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1757-1693, 1757-1693 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Hunger KW - Fuel technology KW - Resource management KW - Guidelines KW - Food security KW - Infrastructure KW - Communications KW - Energy KW - Priorities KW - United Nations KW - Biofuels KW - Technology KW - Rural areas KW - Innovations KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1872843215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GCB+Bioenergy&rft.atitle=Reconciling+food+security+and+bioenergy%3A+priorities+for+action&rft.au=Kline%2C+Keith+L%3BMsangi%2C+Siwa%3BDale%2C+Virginia+H%3BWoods%2C+Jeremy%3BSouza%2C+Glaucia+M%3BOsseweijer%2C+Patricia%3BClancy%2C+Joy+S%3BHilbert%2C+Jorge+A%3BJohnson%2C+Francis+X%3BMcDonnell%2C+Patrick+C%3BMugera%2C+Harriet+K&rft.aulast=Kline&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2017-03-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=557&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GCB+Bioenergy&rft.issn=17571693&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgcbb.12366 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hunger; Fuel technology; Resource management; Guidelines; Food security; Infrastructure; Communications; Energy; Priorities; United Nations; Biofuels; Innovations; Rural areas; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12366 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shaping the third-harmonic radiation from silicon nanodimers. AN - 1863707044; 28144660 AB - Recent progress in the study of resonant light confinement in high-index dielectric nanostructures suggests a new route for achieving efficient control of both electric and magnetic components of light. It also leads to the enhancement of nonlinear effects near electric and magnetic Mie resonances with an engineered radiation directionality. Here we study the third-harmonic generation from dimers composed of pairs of two identical silicon nanoparticles and demonstrate, both numerically and experimentally, that the multipolar harmonic modes generated by the dimers near the Mie resonances allow the shaping of the directionality of nonlinear radiation. JF - Nanoscale AU - Wang, Lei AU - Kruk, Sergey AU - Xu, Lei AU - Rahmani, Mohsen AU - Smirnova, Daria AU - Solntsev, Alexander AU - Kravchenko, Ivan AU - Neshev, Dragomir AU - Kivshar, Yuri AD - Nonlinear Physics Center, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia. yuri.kivshar@anu.edu.au. ; Nonlinear Physics Center, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia. yuri.kivshar@anu.edu.au and The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China. ; Nonlinear Physics Center, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia. yuri.kivshar@anu.edu.au and Institute of Applied Physics, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia. ; Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. Y1 - 2017/02/09/ PY - 2017 DA - 2017 Feb 09 SP - 2201 EP - 2206 VL - 9 IS - 6 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1863707044?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanoscale&rft.atitle=Shaping+the+third-harmonic+radiation+from+silicon+nanodimers.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Lei%3BKruk%2C+Sergey%3BXu%2C+Lei%3BRahmani%2C+Mohsen%3BSmirnova%2C+Daria%3BSolntsev%2C+Alexander%3BKravchenko%2C+Ivan%3BNeshev%2C+Dragomir%3BKivshar%2C+Yuri&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Lei&rft.date=2017-02-09&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanoscale&rft.issn=2040-3372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6nr09702b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2017-02-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-18 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6nr09702b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ultrafast carrier dynamics in bimetallic nanostructure-enhanced methylammonium lead bromide perovskites. AN - 1856864678; 28067394 AB - In this work, we examine the impact of hybrid bimetallic Au/Ag core/shell nanostructures on the carrier dynamics of methylammonium lead tribromide (MAPbBr3) mesoporous perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Plasmon-enhanced PSCs incorporated with Au/Ag nanostructures demonstrated improved light harvesting and increased power conversion efficiency by 26% relative to reference devices. Two complementary spectral techniques, transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) and time-resolved photoluminescence (trPL), were employed to gain a mechanistic understanding of plasmonic enhancement processes. TAS revealed a decrease in the photobleach formation time, which suggests that the nanostructures improve hot carrier thermalization to an equilibrium distribution, relieving hot phonon bottleneck in MAPbBr3 perovskites. TAS also showed a decrease in carrier decay lifetimes, indicating that nanostructures enhance photoinduced carrier generation and promote efficient electron injection into TiO2 prior to bulk recombination. Furthermore, nanostructure-incorporated perovskite films demonstrated quenching in steady-state PL and decreases in trPL carrier lifetimes, providing further evidence of improved carrier injection in plasmon-enhanced mesoporous PSCs. JF - Nanoscale AU - Zarick, Holly F AU - Boulesbaa, Abdelaziz AU - Puretzky, Alexander A AU - Talbert, Eric M AU - DeBra, Zachary R AU - Soetan, Naiya AU - Geohegan, David B AU - Bardhan, Rizia AD - Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA. rizia.bardhan@vanderbilt.edu and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA. ; Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. Y1 - 2017/01/26/ PY - 2017 DA - 2017 Jan 26 SP - 1475 EP - 1483 VL - 9 IS - 4 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1856864678?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanoscale&rft.atitle=Ultrafast+carrier+dynamics+in+bimetallic+nanostructure-enhanced+methylammonium+lead+bromide+perovskites.&rft.au=Zarick%2C+Holly+F%3BBoulesbaa%2C+Abdelaziz%3BPuretzky%2C+Alexander+A%3BTalbert%2C+Eric+M%3BDeBra%2C+Zachary+R%3BSoetan%2C+Naiya%3BGeohegan%2C+David+B%3BBardhan%2C+Rizia&rft.aulast=Zarick&rft.aufirst=Holly&rft.date=2017-01-26&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanoscale&rft.issn=2040-3372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6nr08347a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2017-01-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6nr08347a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Li-ion site disorder driven superionic conductivity in solid electrolytes: a first-principles investigation of beta -Li3PS4 AN - 1868338920; PQ0004044993 AB - The attractive safety and long-term stability of all solid-state batteries has added a new impetus to the discovery and development of solid electrolytes for lithium batteries. Recently several superionic lithium conducting solid electrolytes have been discovered. All the superionic lithium containing compounds ( beta -Li3PS4 and Li10GeP2S12 and oxides, predominantly in the garnet phase) have partially occupied sites. This naturally begs the question of understanding the role of partial site occupancies (or site disorder) in optimizing ionic conductivity in these family of solids. We find that for a given topology of the host lattice, maximizing the number of sites with similar Li-ion adsorption energies, which gives partial site occupancy, is a natural way to increase the configurational entropy of the system and optimize the conductivity. For a given topology and density of Li-ion adsorption sites, the ionic conductivity is maximal when the number of mobile Li-ions are equal to the number of mobile vacancies, also the very condition for achieving maximal configurational entropy. We demonstrate applicability of this principle by elucidating the role of Li-ion site disorder and the local chemical environment in the high ionic conductivity of beta -Li3PS4. In addition, for beta -Li3PS4 we find that a significant density of vacancies in the Li-ion sub-lattice ( similar to 25%) leads to sub-lattice melting at ( similar to 600 K) leading to a molten form for the Li-ions in an otherwise solid anionic host. This gives a lithium site occupancy that is similar to what is measured experimentally. We further show that quenching this disorder can improve conductivity at lower temperatures. As a consequence, we discover that (a) one can optimize ionic conductivity in a given topology by choosing a chemistry/composition that maximizes the number of mobile-carriers i.e. maximizing both mobile Li-ions and vacancies, and (b) when the concentration of vacancies becomes significant in the Li-ion sub-lattice, it becomes energetically as well as entropically favorable for it to remain molten well below the bulk decomposition temperature of the solid. This principle may already apply to several known superionic conducting solids. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Phani Dathar, Gopi Krishna AU - Balachandran, Janakiraman AU - Kent, Paul RC AU - Rondinone, Adam J AU - Ganesh, P AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; Tennessee 37831; USA; +1-865-574-1753; +1-865-574-1999 Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 1153 EP - 1159 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Safety KW - Adsorption KW - Temperature KW - Decomposition KW - Lithium KW - Sustainability KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868338920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Li-ion+site+disorder+driven+superionic+conductivity+in+solid+electrolytes%3A+a+first-principles+investigation+of+beta+-Li3PS4&rft.au=Phani+Dathar%2C+Gopi+Krishna%3BBalachandran%2C+Janakiraman%3BKent%2C+Paul+RC%3BRondinone%2C+Adam+J%3BGanesh%2C+P&rft.aulast=Phani+Dathar&rft.aufirst=Gopi&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6ta07713g LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electrolytes; Batteries; Energy; Safety; Temperature; Adsorption; Decomposition; Sustainability; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta07713g ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating uncertainty in ambient and saturation nutrient uptake metrics from nutrient pulse releases in stream ecosystems AN - 1868323042; PQ0004062591 AB - Nutrient spiraling is an important ecosystem process characterizing nutrient transport and uptake in streams. Various nutrient addition methods are used to estimate uptake metrics; however, uncertainty in the metrics is not often evaluated. A method was developed to quantify uncertainty in ambient and saturation nutrient uptake metrics estimated from saturating pulse nutrient additions (Tracer Additions for Spiraling Curve Characterization; TASCC). Using a Monte Carlo (MC) approach, the 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated for ambient uptake lengths (S sub(w-amb)) and maximum areal uptake rates (U sub(max)) based on 100,000 datasets generated from each of four nitrogen and five phosphorous TASCC experiments conducted seasonally in a forest stream in eastern Tennessee, U.S.A. Uncertainty estimates from the MC approach were compared to the CIs estimated from ordinary least squares (OLS) and non-linear least squares (NLS) models used to calculate S sub(w-amb) and U sub(max), respectively, from the TASCC method. The CIs for S sub(w-amb) and U sub(max) were large, but were not consistently larger using the MC method. Despite the large CIs, significant differences (based on non-overlapping CIs) in nutrient metrics among seasons were found with more significant differences using the OLS/NLS vs. the MC method. We suggest that the MC approach is a robust way to estimate uncertainty, as the calculation of S sub(w-amb) and U sub(max) violates assumptions of OLS/NLS while the MC approach is free of these assumptions. The MC approach can be applied to other ecosystem metrics that are calculated from multiple parameters, providing a more robust estimate of these metrics and their associated uncertainties. JF - Limnology and Oceanography: Methods AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Brandt, Craig C AU - Griffiths, Natalie A AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 22 EP - 37 PB - Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 1541-5856, 1541-5856 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Ecosystems KW - Statistical analysis KW - Limnology KW - Nutrients KW - Monte Carlo method KW - Streams KW - Tracers KW - Absorption KW - Seasonal variability KW - Marine KW - Oceanography KW - Saturation KW - Methodology KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Uncertainty KW - Stream KW - Uptake KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Nitrogen KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 551.46:General (551.46) KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868323042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limnology+and+Oceanography%3A+Methods&rft.atitle=Estimating+uncertainty+in+ambient+and+saturation+nutrient+uptake+metrics+from+nutrient+pulse+releases+in+stream+ecosystems&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Scott+C%3BBrandt%2C+Craig+C%3BGriffiths%2C+Natalie+A&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Limnology+and+Oceanography%3A+Methods&rft.issn=15415856&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Flom3.10139 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Uncertainty; Stream; Statistical analysis; Limnology; Uptake; Oceanography; Nutrients (mineral); Nitrogen; Methodology; Ecosystems; Seasonal variability; Monte Carlo method; Tracers; Absorption; Nutrients; Saturation; Streams; USA, Tennessee; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10139 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New promising lithium malonatoborate salts for high voltage lithium ion batteries AN - 1868318247; PQ0004044994 AB - Three new lithium salts, lithium difluoro-2-methyl-2-fluoromalonatoborate (LiDFMFMB), lithium difluoro-2-ethyl-2-fluoromalonatoborate (LiDFEFMB), and lithium difluoro-2-propyl-2-fluoromalonatoborate (LiDFPFMB), have been synthesized and evaluated for application in lithium ion batteries. These new salts are soluble in a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) (1 : 2 by wt) and 1.0 M salt solutions can be easily prepared. The ionic conductivities of these new salts are close to those of LiBF4 and LiPF6. Cyclic voltammograms reveal that these new salt based electrolytes can passivate both natural graphite and high voltage spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) to form effective solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs). In addition, these new salt-based electrolytes exhibit good cycling stability with high coulombic efficiencies in both LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 and graphite based half-cells and full cells. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Sun, Xiao-Guang AU - Wan, Shun AU - Guang, Hong Yu AU - Fang, Youxing AU - Reeves, Kimberly Shawn AU - Chi, Miaofang AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Chemical Sciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; One Bethel Valley Road; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 1233 EP - 1241 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Salts KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Lithium KW - Sustainability KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868318247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=New+promising+lithium+malonatoborate+salts+for+high+voltage+lithium+ion+batteries&rft.au=Sun%2C+Xiao-Guang%3BWan%2C+Shun%3BGuang%2C+Hong+Yu%3BFang%2C+Youxing%3BReeves%2C+Kimberly+Shawn%3BChi%2C+Miaofang%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Xiao-Guang&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6ta07757a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salts; Electrolytes; Batteries; Energy; Sustainability; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta07757a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Cellular Sorption on Mercury Bioavailability and Methylmercury Production by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ND132. AN - 1851302969; 27993064 AB - Microbial conversion of inorganic mercury (IHg) to methylmercury (MeHg) is a significant environmental concern because of the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of toxic MeHg in the food web. Laboratory incubation studies have shown that, despite the presence of large quantities of IHg in cell cultures, MeHg biosynthesis often reaches a plateau or a maximum within hours or a day by an as yet unexplained mechanism. Here we report that mercuric Hg(II) can be taken up rapidly by cells of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ND132, but a large fraction of the Hg(II) is unavailable for methylation because of strong cellular sorption. Thiols, such as cysteine, glutathione, and penicillamine, added either simultaneously with Hg(II) or after cells have been exposed to Hg(II), effectively desorb or mobilize the bound Hg(II), leading to a substantial increase in MeHg production. The amount of thiol-desorbed Hg(II) is strongly correlated to the amount of MeHg produced (r = 0.98). However, cells do not preferentially take up Hg(II)-thiol complexes, but Hg(II)-ligand exchange between these complexes and the cell-associated proteins likely constrains Hg(II) uptake and methylation. We suggest that, aside from aqueous chemical speciation of Hg(II), binding and exchange of Hg(II) between cells and complexing ligands such as thiols and naturally dissolved organics in solution is an important controlling mechanism of Hg(II) bioavailability, which should be considered when predicting MeHg production in the environment. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Liu, Yu-Rong AU - Lu, Xia AU - Zhao, Linduo AU - An, Jing AU - He, Ji-Zheng AU - Pierce, Eric M AU - Johs, Alexander AU - Gu, Baohua AD - State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China. ; Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. Y1 - 2016/12/20/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 20 SP - 13335 EP - 13341 VL - 50 IS - 24 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1851302969?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Cellular+Sorption+on+Mercury+Bioavailability+and+Methylmercury+Production+by+Desulfovibrio+desulfuricans+ND132.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Yu-Rong%3BLu%2C+Xia%3BZhao%2C+Linduo%3BAn%2C+Jing%3BHe%2C+Ji-Zheng%3BPierce%2C+Eric+M%3BJohs%2C+Alexander%3BGu%2C+Baohua&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Rong&rft.date=2016-12-20&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=13335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-12-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - COMPARISON OF MONOENERGETIC PHOTON ORGAN DOSE RATE COEFFICIENTS FOR STYLIZED AND VOXEL PHANTOMS SUBMERGED IN AIR AN - 1868330230; PQ0004027032 AB - As part of a broader effort to calculate effective dose rate coefficients for external exposure to photons and electrons emitted by radionuclides distributed in air, soil or water, age-specific stylized phantoms have been employed to determine dose coefficients relating dose rate to organs and tissues in the body. In this article, dose rate coefficients computed using the International Commission on Radiological Protection reference adult male voxel phantom are compared with values computed using the Oak Ridge National Laboratory adult male stylized phantom in an air submersion exposure geometry. Monte Carlo calculations for both phantoms were performed for monoenergetic source photons in the range of 30 keV to 5 MeV. These calculations largely result in differences under 10 % for photon energies above 50 keV, and it can be expected that both models show comparable results for the environmental sources of radionuclides. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Bellamy, M B AU - Hiller, M M AU - Dewji, S A AU - Veinot, K G AU - Leggett, R W AU - Eckerman, K F AU - Easterly, C E AU - Hertel, N E AD - Center for Radiation Protection Knowledge, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008 MS 6335, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA, dewjisa@ornl.gov Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 367 EP - 374 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 172 IS - 4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Soil KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Radiation KW - Dose-response effects KW - Energy KW - Commissions KW - Dosimetry KW - Radioisotopes KW - Organs KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868330230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=COMPARISON+OF+MONOENERGETIC+PHOTON+ORGAN+DOSE+RATE+COEFFICIENTS+FOR+STYLIZED+AND+VOXEL+PHANTOMS+SUBMERGED+IN+AIR&rft.au=Bellamy%2C+M+B%3BHiller%2C+M+M%3BDewji%2C+S+A%3BVeinot%2C+K+G%3BLeggett%2C+R+W%3BEckerman%2C+K+F%3BEasterly%2C+C+E%3BHertel%2C+N+E&rft.aulast=Bellamy&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=172&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Frpd%2Fncv548 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Monte Carlo simulation; Soil; Radiation; Energy; Dose-response effects; Dosimetry; Commissions; Radioisotopes; Organs; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncv548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An improved multilevel Monte Carlo method for estimating probability distribution functions in stochastic oil reservoir simulations AN - 1868302271; PQ0004053705 AB - In this work, we develop an improved multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) method for estimating cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) of a quantity of interest, coming from numerical approximation of large-scale stochastic subsurface simulations. Compared with Monte Carlo (MC) methods, that require a significantly large number of high-fidelity model executions to achieve a prescribed accuracy when computing statistical expectations, MLMC methods were originally proposed to significantly reduce the computational cost with the use of multifidelity approximations. The improved performance of the MLMC methods depends strongly on the decay of the variance of the integrand as the level increases. However, the main challenge in estimating CDFs is that the integrand is a discontinuous indicator function whose variance decays slowly. To address this difficult task, we approximate the integrand using a smoothing function that accelerates the decay of the variance. In addition, we design a novel a posteriori optimization strategy to calibrate the smoothing function, so as to balance the computational gain and the approximation error. The combined proposed techniques are integrated into a very general and practical algorithm that can be applied to a wide range of subsurface problems for high-dimensional uncertainty quantification, such as a fine-grid oil reservoir model considered in this effort. The numerical results reveal that with the use of the calibrated smoothing function, the improved MLMC technique significantly reduces the computational complexity compared to the standard MC approach. Finally, we discuss several factors that affect the performance of the MLMC method and provide guidance for effective and efficient usage in practice. Key Points * Develop an improved multilevel Monte Carlo method * Apply the method to an oil reservoir model * Evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method JF - Water Resources Research AU - Lu, Dan AU - Zhang, Guannan AU - Webster, Clayton AU - Barbier, Charlotte AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 9642 EP - 9660 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 52 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Geographical distribution KW - Indicators KW - Algorithms KW - Statistical analysis KW - Water resources KW - Monte Carlo method KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Reservoir models KW - Decay KW - Reservoirs KW - Modelling KW - Mathematical models KW - Probability Distribution KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Stochastic models in hydrology KW - Stochastic methods in hydrology KW - Oil Reservoirs KW - Methodology KW - Uncertainty KW - Numerical simulations KW - Oil reservoirs KW - Standards KW - Water resources research KW - Optimization KW - Water Resources KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868302271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=An+improved+multilevel+Monte+Carlo+method+for+estimating+probability+distribution+functions+in+stochastic+oil+reservoir+simulations&rft.au=Lu%2C+Dan%3BZhang%2C+Guannan%3BWebster%2C+Clayton%3BBarbier%2C+Charlotte&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=9642&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016WR019475 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Uncertainty; Geographical distribution; Mathematical models; Oil reservoirs; Statistical analysis; Water resources; Decay; Modelling; Methodology; Numerical simulations; Reservoir models; Stochastic models in hydrology; Algorithms; Monte Carlo method; Water resources research; Stochastic methods in hydrology; Reservoirs; Probability Distribution; Simulation Analysis; Indicators; Standards; Monte Carlo Method; Oil Reservoirs; Optimization; Water Resources DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016WR019475 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of biochars produced from peanut hulls and pine wood with different pyrolysis conditions AN - 1780532472; PQ0002857890 AB - Application of modern biomass pyrolysis methods for production of biofuels and biochar is potentially a significant approach to enable global carbon capture and sequestration. To realize this potential, it is essential to develop methods that produce biochar with the characteristics needed for effective soil amendment. Methods: Biochar materials were produced from peanut hulls and pine wood with different pyrolysis conditions, then characterized by cation exchange (CEC) capacity assays, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm measurements, micro/nanostructural imaging, infrared spectra and elemental analyses. Results: Under a standard assay condition of pH 8.5, the CEC values of the peanut hull-derived biochar materials, ranging from 6.22 to 66.56 cmol kg super(-1), are significantly higher than those of the southern yellow pine-derived biochar, which are near zero or negative. The biochar produced from peanut hulls with a steam activation process yielded the highest CEC value of 66.56 cmol kg super(-1), which is about 5 times higher than the cation exchange capacity (12.51 cmol kg super(-1)) of a reference soil sample. Notably, biochar produced from peanut hulls with batch barrel retort pyrolysis also has a much higher CEC value (60.12 cmol kg super(-1)) than that (12.45 cmol kg super(-1)) from Eprida's H sub(2)-producing continuous steam injection process. The CEC values were shown to correlate well with the ratios of oxygen atoms to carbon atoms (O:C ratios) in the biochar materials. The higher O:C ratio in a biochar material may indicate the presence of more hydroxyl, carboxylate, and carbonyl groups that contribute to a higher CEC value for the biochar product. In addition, the increase in surface area can also play a role in increasing the CEC value of biochar, as in the case of the steam activation char. Conclusion: Comparison of characterization results indicated that CEC value is determined not only by the type of the source biomass materials but also by the pyrolysis conditions. Biochar with the desirable characteristics of extremely high surface area (700 m super(2)/g) and cation exchange capacity (> 60 cmol kg) was created through steam activation. JF - Bioresources and Bioprocessing AU - Lee, James W AU - Hawkins, Bob AU - Kidder, Michelle K AU - Evans, Barbara R AU - Buchanan, A C AU - Day, Danny AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, jwlee@odu.edu Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 3 IS - 1 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Charcoal KW - Arachis hypogaea KW - Fuel technology KW - Steam KW - Nuts KW - Exchange capacity KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Isotherms KW - pH effects KW - Surface area KW - Wood KW - Biomass KW - imaging KW - Carbonyl compounds KW - Soil amendment KW - Pyrolysis KW - Oxygen KW - Cations KW - carbonyls KW - Biofuels KW - Nitrogen KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780532472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresources+and+Bioprocessing&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+biochars+produced+from+peanut+hulls+and+pine+wood+with+different+pyrolysis+conditions&rft.au=Lee%2C+James+W%3BHawkins%2C+Bob%3BKidder%2C+Michelle+K%3BEvans%2C+Barbara+R%3BBuchanan%2C+A+C%3BDay%2C+Danny&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresources+and+Bioprocessing&rft.issn=2197-4365&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fs40643-016-0092-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Surface area; Steam; Nuts; Biomass; imaging; Soil amendment; Pyrolysis; Oxygen; Carbon; Cations; Isotherms; carbonyls; pH effects; Biofuels; Nitrogen; Charcoal; Fuel technology; Wood; Exchange capacity; Carbonyl compounds; Soil; Arachis hypogaea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40643-016-0092-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the role of re-adsorption of dissolved Hg(2+) during cinnabar dissolution using isotope tracer technique. AN - 1806436788; 27322904 AB - Cinnabar dissolution is an important factor controlling mercury (Hg) cycling. Recent studies have suggested the co-occurrence of re-adsorption of the released Hg during the course of cinnabar dissolution. However, there is a lack of feasible techniques that can quantitatively assess the amount of Hg re-adsorbed on cinnabar when investigating cinnabar dissolution. In this study, a new method, based on isotope tracing and dilution techniques, was developed to study the role of Hg re-adsorption in cinnabar dissolution. The developed method includes two key components: (1) accurate measurement of both released and spiked Hg in aqueous phase and (2) estimation of re-adsorbed Hg on cinnabar surface via the reduction in spiked (202)Hg(2+). By adopting the developed method, it was found that the released Hg for trials purged with oxygen could reach several hundred μgL(-1), while no significant cinnabar dissolution was detected under anaerobic condition. Cinnabar dissolution rate when considering Hg re-adsorption was approximately 2 times the value calculated solely with the Hg detected in the aqueous phase. These results suggest that ignoring the Hg re-adsorption process can significantly underestimate the importance of cinnabar dissolution, highlighting the necessity of applying the developed method in future cinnabar dissolution studies. JF - Journal of hazardous materials AU - Jiang, Ping AU - Li, Yanbin AU - Liu, Guangliang AU - Yang, Guidi AU - Lagos, Leonel AU - Yin, Yongguang AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Jiang, Guibin AU - Cai, Yong AD - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA. ; Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education/Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China. ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA. ; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China. ; Applied Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA. ; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. ; Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge TN 37831, USA. ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA. Electronic address: cai@fiu.edu. Y1 - 2016/11/05/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Nov 05 SP - 466 EP - 475 VL - 317 KW - Index Medicus KW - Isotope tracer technique KW - Hg re-adsorption on cinnabar surface KW - Cinnabar dissolution KW - Redox condition KW - Isotope dilution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1806436788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+role+of+re-adsorption+of+dissolved+Hg%282%2B%29+during+cinnabar+dissolution+using+isotope+tracer+technique.&rft.au=Jiang%2C+Ping%3BLi%2C+Yanbin%3BLiu%2C+Guangliang%3BYang%2C+Guidi%3BLagos%2C+Leonel%3BYin%2C+Yongguang%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BJiang%2C+Guibin%3BCai%2C+Yong&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=Ping&rft.date=2016-11-05&rft.volume=317&rft.issue=&rft.spage=466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.issn=1873-3336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2016.05.084 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-07-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.05.084 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An adaptable seismic data format AN - 1855316049; 2017-001179 AB - We present ASDF, the Adaptable Seismic Data Format, a modern and practical data format for all branches of seismology and beyond. The growing volume of freely available data coupled with ever expanding computational power opens avenues to tackle larger and more complex problems. Current bottlenecks include inefficient resource usage and insufficient data organization. Properly scaling a problem requires the resolution of both these challenges, and existing data formats are no longer up to the task. ASDF stores any number of synthetic, processed or unaltered waveforms in a single file. A key improvement compared to existing formats is the inclusion of comprehensive meta information, such as event or station information, in the same file. Additionally, it is also usable for any non-waveform data, for example, cross-correlations, adjoint sources or receiver functions. Last but not least, full provenance information can be stored alongside each item of data, thereby enhancing reproducibility and accountability. Any data set in our proposed format is self-describing and can be readily exchanged with others, facilitating collaboration. The utilization of the HDF5 container format grants efficient and parallel I/O operations, integrated compression algorithms and check sums to guard against data corruption. To not reinvent the wheel and to build upon past developments, we use existing standards like QuakeML, StationXML, W3C PROV and HDF5 wherever feasible. Usability and tool support are crucial for any new format to gain acceptance. We developed mature C/Fortran and Python based APIs coupling ASDF to the widely used SPECFEM3D_GLOBE and ObsPy toolkits. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Krischer, Lion AU - Smith, James AU - Lei, Wenjie AU - Lefebvre, Matthieu AU - Ruan, Youyi AU - de Andrade, Elliott Sales AU - Podhorszki, Norbert AU - Bozdag, Ebru AU - Tromp, Jeroen Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 1003 EP - 1011 PB - Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 207 IS - 2 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - time series analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - elastic waves KW - adaptable seismic data format KW - waveforms KW - information management KW - data management KW - computer programs KW - parallel processing KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - algorithms KW - data storage KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855316049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=An+adaptable+seismic+data+format&rft.au=Krischer%2C+Lion%3BSmith%2C+James%3BLei%2C+Wenjie%3BLefebvre%2C+Matthieu%3BRuan%2C+Youyi%3Bde+Andrade%2C+Elliott+Sales%3BPodhorszki%2C+Norbert%3BBozdag%2C+Ebru%3BTromp%2C+Jeroen&rft.aulast=Krischer&rft.aufirst=Lion&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=207&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1003&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fgji%2Fggw319 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adaptable seismic data format; algorithms; computer programs; data management; data processing; data storage; elastic waves; information management; parallel processing; propagation; seismic waves; statistical analysis; time series analysis; waveforms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggw319 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical instability leads to unusual chemical-potential-independent defect formation and diffusion in perovskite solar cell material CH3NH3PbI3 AN - 1846412257; PQ0003819517 AB - Methylammonium (MA) lead triiodide (MAPbI3) has recently emerged as a promising solar cell material. However, MAPbI3 is known to have chemical instability, i.e., MAPbI3 is prone to decomposition into MAI and PbI2 even at moderate temperatures (e.g. 330 K). Here, we show that the chemical instability, as reflected by the calculated negligible enthalpy of formation of MAPbI3 (with respect to MAI and PbI2), has an unusual and important consequence for defect properties, i.e., defect formation energies in low-carrier-density MAPbI3 are nearly independent of the chemical potentials of constituent elements and thus can be uniquely determined. This allows straightforward calculations of defect concentrations and the activation energy of ionic conductivity (the sum of the formation energy and the diffusion barrier of the charged mobile defect) in MAPbI3. The calculated activation energy for ionic conductivity due to diffusion is in excellent agreement with the experimental values, which demonstrates unambiguously that is the dominant diffusing defect and is responsible for the observed ion migration and device polarization in MAPbI3 solar cells. The calculated low formation energy of a Frenkel pair and low diffusion barriers of and suggest that the iodine ion migration and the resulting device polarization may occur even in single-crystal devices and grain-boundary-passivated polycrystalline thin film devices (which were previously suggested to be free from ion-migration-induced device polarization), leading to device degradation. However, the device polarization due to the Frenkel pair (which has a relatively low concentration) may take a long time to develop and thus may avoid the appearance of the current-voltage hysteresis at typical scan rates. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Ming, Wenmei AU - Chen, Shiyou AU - Du, Mao-Hua AD - Materials Science and Technology Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 16975 EP - 16981 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 4 IS - 43 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Degradation KW - Energy KW - Solar cells KW - Temperature KW - Iodine KW - Diffusion KW - Hysteresis KW - Polarization KW - Migration KW - Decomposition KW - Sustainability KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846412257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Chemical+instability+leads+to+unusual+chemical-potential-independent+defect+formation+and+diffusion+in+perovskite+solar+cell+material+CH3NH3PbI3&rft.au=Ming%2C+Wenmei%3BChen%2C+Shiyou%3BDu%2C+Mao-Hua&rft.aulast=Ming&rft.aufirst=Wenmei&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=43&rft.spage=16975&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6ta07492h LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Degradation; Solar cells; Energy; Temperature; Iodine; Hysteresis; Diffusion; Polarization; Decomposition; Migration; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta07492h ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An indirect latent informational conformity social influence choice model: Formulation and case study AN - 1837321412; PQ0003764173 AB - The current state-of-the-art in social influence models of travel behavior is conformity models with direct benefit social influence effects; indirect effects have seen limited development. This paper presents a latent class discrete choice model of an indirect informational conformity hypothesis. Class membership depends on the proportion of group members who adopt a behavior. Membership into the "more informed" class causes taste variation in those individuals thus making adoption more attractive. Equilibrium properties are derived for the informational conformity model showing the possibility of multiple equilibria but under different conditions than the direct-benefit formulations. Social influence elasticity is computed for both models types and non-linear elasticity behavior is represented. Additionally, a two-stage control function is developed to obtain consistent parameter estimates in the presence of an endogenous class membership model covariate that is correlated with choice utility unobservables. The modeling framework is applied in a case study on social influence for bicycle ownership in the United States. Results showed that "more informed" households had a greater chance of owning a bike due to taste variation. These households were less sensitive to smaller home footprints and limited incomes. The behavioral hypothesis of positive preference change due to information transfer was confirmed. Observed ownership share closely matched predicted local-level equilibrium in some metropolitan areas, but the model was unable to fully achieve the expected prediction rates within confidence intervals. The elasticity of social influence was found to range locally from about 0.5% to 1.0%. JF - Transportation Research, Part B AU - Maness, Michael AU - Cirillo, Cinzia AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Transportation Research Center, 2360 Cherahala Boulevard, Knoxville, TN 37932, United States Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 75 EP - 101 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 93 SN - 0191-2615, 0191-2615 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Discrete choice KW - Bicycle ownership KW - Latent class KW - Social learning KW - Social equilibrium KW - Endogeneity KW - Prediction KW - Travel KW - USA KW - Bicycles KW - Case studies KW - Transportation KW - Households KW - Social behavior KW - Metropolitan areas KW - Income KW - ENA 18:Transportation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1837321412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+Research%2C+Part+B&rft.atitle=An+indirect+latent+informational+conformity+social+influence+choice+model%3A+Formulation+and+case+study&rft.au=Maness%2C+Michael%3BCirillo%2C+Cinzia&rft.aulast=Maness&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+Research%2C+Part+B&rft.issn=01912615&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.trb.2016.07.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Travel; Prediction; Transportation; Case studies; Bicycles; Households; Social behavior; Metropolitan areas; Income; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2016.07.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid detection of microbial cell abundance in aquatic systems AN - 1815707975; PQ0003566333 AB - The detection and quantification of naturally occurring microbial cellular densities is an essential component of environmental systems monitoring. While there are a number of commonly utilized approaches for monitoring microbial abundance, capacitance-based biosensors represent a promising approach because of their low-cost and label-free detection of microbial cells, but are not as well characterized as more traditional methods. Here, we investigate the applicability of enhanced alternating current electrokinetics (ACEK) capacitive sensing as a new application for rapidly detecting and quantifying microbial cellular densities in cultured and environmentally sourced aquatic samples. ACEK capacitive sensor performance was evaluated using two distinct and dynamic systems - the Great Australian Bight and groundwater from the Oak Ridge Reservation in Oak Ridge, TN. Results demonstrate that ACEK capacitance-based sensing can accurately determine microbial cell counts throughout cellular concentrations typically encountered in naturally occurring microbial communities (103-106 cells/mL). A linear relationship was observed between cellular density and capacitance change correlations, allowing a simple linear curve fitting equation to be used for determining microbial abundances in unknown samples. This work provides a foundation for understanding the limits of capacitance-based sensing in natural environmental samples and supports future efforts focusing on evaluating the robustness ACEK capacitance-based within aquatic environments. JF - Biosensors and Bioelectronics AU - Rocha, Andrea M AU - Yuan, Quan AU - Close, Dan M AU - O'Dell, Kaela B AU - Fortney, Julian L AU - Wu, Jayne AU - Hazen, Terry C AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 915 EP - 923 PB - Elsevier B.V., 660 White Plains Rd. Tarrytown NY 10591-5153 United States VL - 85 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biosensor KW - Interfacial capacitance KW - AC electrokinetics KW - Microbial abundance KW - Biosensors KW - Mathematical models KW - Ground water KW - Microorganisms KW - Capacitance KW - Aquatic environment KW - W 30955:Biosensors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815707975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+and+Bioelectronics&rft.atitle=Rapid+detection+of+microbial+cell+abundance+in+aquatic+systems&rft.au=Rocha%2C+Andrea+M%3BYuan%2C+Quan%3BClose%2C+Dan+M%3BO%27Dell%2C+Kaela+B%3BFortney%2C+Julian+L%3BWu%2C+Jayne%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C&rft.aulast=Rocha&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=915&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+and+Bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bios.2016.05.098 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biosensors; Mathematical models; Microorganisms; Ground water; Capacitance; Aquatic environment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2016.05.098 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low temperature synthesis of hierarchical TiO2 nanostructures for high performance perovskite solar cells by pulsed laser deposition. AN - 1826705902; 27292294 AB - A promising way to advance perovskite solar cells is to improve the quality of the electron transport material -e.g., titanium dioxide (TiO2) - in a direction that increases electron transport and extraction. Although dense TiO2 films are easily grown in solution, efficient electron extraction suffers due to a lack of interfacial contact area with the perovskites. Conversely, mesoporous films do offer high surface-area-to-volume ratios, thereby promoting efficient electron extraction, but their morphology is relatively difficult to control via conventional solution synthesis methods. Here, a pulsed laser deposition method was used to assemble TiO2 nanoparticles into TiO2 hierarchical architectures exhibiting an anatase crystal structure, and prototype solar cells employing these structures yielded power conversion efficiencies of ∼14%. Our approach demonstrates a way to grow high aspect-ratio TiO2 nanostructures for improved interfacial contact between TiO2 and perovskite materials, leading to high electron-hole pair separation and electron extraction efficiencies for superior photovoltaic performance. Compared to previous pulsed laser deposition-synthesized TiO2 mesoporous crystalline networks that needed post-thermal annealing at 500 °C to form mesoporous crystalline networks, our relatively low temperature (300 °C) TiO2 processing method may promote reduced energy-consumption during device fabrication, as well as enable compatibility with flexible polymer substrates such as polyimide. JF - Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP AU - Yang, Bin AU - Mahjouri-Samani, Masoud AU - Rouleau, Christopher M AU - Geohegan, David B AU - Xiao, Kai AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. xiaok@ornl.gov. Y1 - 2016/10/21/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Oct 21 SP - 27067 EP - 27072 VL - 18 IS - 39 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1826705902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physical+chemistry+chemical+physics+%3A+PCCP&rft.atitle=Low+temperature+synthesis+of+hierarchical+TiO2+nanostructures+for+high+performance+perovskite+solar+cells+by+pulsed+laser+deposition.&rft.au=Yang%2C+Bin%3BMahjouri-Samani%2C+Masoud%3BRouleau%2C+Christopher+M%3BGeohegan%2C+David+B%3BXiao%2C+Kai&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Bin&rft.date=2016-10-21&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=39&rft.spage=27067&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physical+chemistry+chemical+physics+%3A+PCCP&rft.issn=1463-9084&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Somatic Growth Dilution of a toxicant in a predator-prey model under stoichiometric constraints. AN - 1816638239; 27460586 AB - The development of aquatic food chain models that incorporate both the effects of nutrient availability, as well as, track toxicants through trophic levels will shed light on ecotoxicological processes and ultimately help improve risk assessment efforts. Here we develop a stoichiometric aquatic food chain model of two trophic levels that investigates concurrent nutrient and toxic stressors in order to improve our understanding of the processes governing the trophic transfer for nutrients, energy, and toxicants. Analytical analysis of positive invariance, local stability of boundary equilibria, numerical simulations, and bifurcation analysis are presented. The model captures and explores a phenomenon called the Somatic Growth Dilution (SGD) effect recently observed empirically, where organisms experience a greater than proportional gain in biomass relative to toxicant concentrations when consuming food with high nutritional content vs. low quality food. JF - Journal of theoretical biology AU - Peace, Angela AU - Poteat, Monica D AU - Wang, Hao AD - Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA; National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, University of Tennessee, USA. Electronic address: a.peace@ttu.edu. ; Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. ; Centre for Mathematical Biology, Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G1. Y1 - 2016/10/21/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Oct 21 SP - 198 EP - 211 VL - 407 KW - Index Medicus KW - Methylmercury KW - Predator–prey model KW - Ecotoxicology KW - Ecological stoichiometry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1816638239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+theoretical+biology&rft.atitle=Somatic+Growth+Dilution+of+a+toxicant+in+a+predator-prey+model+under+stoichiometric+constraints.&rft.au=Peace%2C+Angela%3BPoteat%2C+Monica+D%3BWang%2C+Hao&rft.aulast=Peace&rft.aufirst=Angela&rft.date=2016-10-21&rft.volume=407&rft.issue=&rft.spage=198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+theoretical+biology&rft.issn=1095-8541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jtbi.2016.07.036 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2016.07.036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stacking sequence and interlayer coupling in few-layer graphene revealed by in situ imaging. AN - 1835488607; 27759024 AB - In the transition from graphene to graphite, the addition of each individual graphene layer modifies the electronic structure and produces a different material with unique properties. Controlled growth of few-layer graphene is therefore of fundamental interest and will provide access to materials with engineered electronic structure. Here we combine isothermal growth and etching experiments with in situ scanning electron microscopy to reveal the stacking sequence and interlayer coupling strength in few-layer graphene. The observed layer-dependent etching rates reveal the relative strength of the graphene-graphene and graphene-substrate interaction and the resulting mode of adlayer growth. Scanning tunnelling microscopy and density functional theory calculations confirm a strong coupling between graphene edge atoms and platinum. Simulated etching confirms that etching can be viewed as reversed growth. This work demonstrates that real-time imaging under controlled atmosphere is a powerful method for designing synthesis protocols for sp2 carbon nanostructures in between graphene and graphite. JF - Nature communications AU - Wang, Zhu-Jun AU - Dong, Jichen AU - Cui, Yi AU - Eres, Gyula AU - Timpe, Olaf AU - Fu, Qiang AU - Ding, Feng AU - Schloegl, R AU - Willinger, Marc-Georg AD - Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin-Dahlem D-14195, Germany. ; Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China. ; Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China. ; Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. ; State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China. Y1 - 2016/10/19/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Oct 19 SP - 13256 VL - 7 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1835488607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+communications&rft.atitle=Stacking+sequence+and+interlayer+coupling+in+few-layer+graphene+revealed+by+in+situ+imaging.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Zhu-Jun%3BDong%2C+Jichen%3BCui%2C+Yi%3BEres%2C+Gyula%3BTimpe%2C+Olaf%3BFu%2C+Qiang%3BDing%2C+Feng%3BSchloegl%2C+R%3BWillinger%2C+Marc-Georg&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Zhu-Jun&rft.date=2016-10-19&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+communications&rft.issn=2041-1723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fncomms13256 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-28 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Phys Rev Lett. 2015 Mar 20;114(11):115502 [25839288] Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2014 Dec 21;16(47):25989-6003 [25356600] J Am Chem Soc. 2008 Apr 2;130(13):4224-5 [18331034] Nature. 2009 Jun 11;459(7248):820-3 [19516337] Nano Lett. 2011 Sep 14;11(9):3519-25 [21793495] ACS Nano. 2008 Nov 25;2(11):2301-5 [19206396] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Feb 24;106(8):2506-9 [19202071] ACS Nano. 2015 Feb 24;9(2):1506-19 [25584770] Phys Rev Lett. 2007 Nov 23;99(21):216802 [18233240] ACS Nano. 2013 Mar 26;7(3):2587-94 [23448165] Nano Lett. 2011 Mar 9;11(3):1106-10 [21322597] J Comput Chem. 2006 Nov 30;27(15):1787-99 [16955487] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Sep 18;109(38):15136-40 [22949702] ACS Nano. 2012 Apr 24;6(4):3243-50 [22417179] Phys Rev Lett. 2007 May 18;98(20):206805 [17677729] J Am Chem Soc. 2014 Feb 26;136(8):3040-7 [24499486] Phys Rev Lett. 2008 Sep 19;101(12):126102 [18851393] Nat Mater. 2008 May;7(5):406-11 [18391956] Nat Mater. 2007 Oct;6(10):770-5 [17828279] Phys Rev B Condens Matter. 1993 Nov 1;48(17):13115-13118 [10007687] Nano Lett. 2011 May 11;11(5):1895-900 [21466213] ACS Nano. 2014 Oct 28;8(10):10766-73 [25295851] ACS Nano. 2014 Apr 22;8(4):3590-6 [24654926] Phys Rev B Condens Matter. 1996 Dec 15;54(24):17954-17961 [9985930] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Dec 17;110(51):20386-91 [24297886] J Phys Chem Lett. 2014 Sep 18;5(18):3093-9 [26276318] ACS Nano. 2012 Sep 25;6(9):7731-8 [22946844] ACS Nano. 2011 Mar 22;5(3):2298-306 [21322532] Science. 2006 Aug 18;313(5789):951-4 [16917057] ACS Nano. 2011 Oct 25;5(10):8241-7 [21888426] Nano Lett. 2013 Feb 13;13(2):486-90 [23278710] Phys Rev Lett. 2009 Jun 26;102(25):256405 [19659105] Phys Rev Lett. 2009 Nov 6;103(19):196401 [20365938] Conflict of Interest: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-28 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13256 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ensemble-based docking: From hit discovery to metabolism and toxicity predictions. AN - 1835361304; 27543390 AB - This paper describes and illustrates the use of ensemble-based docking, i.e., using a collection of protein structures in docking calculations for hit discovery, the exploration of biochemical pathways and toxicity prediction of drug candidates. We describe the computational engineering work necessary to enable large ensemble docking campaigns on supercomputers. We show examples where ensemble-based docking has significantly increased the number and the diversity of validated drug candidates. Finally, we illustrate how ensemble-based docking can be extended beyond hit discovery and toward providing a structural basis for the prediction of metabolism and off-target binding relevant to pre-clinical and clinical trials. JF - Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry AU - Evangelista, Wilfredo AU - Weir, Rebecca L AU - Ellingson, Sally R AU - Harris, Jason B AU - Kapoor, Karan AU - Smith, Jeremy C AU - Baudry, Jerome AD - Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States; UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States. ; UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States; Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States; Division of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky and Cancer Research Informatics, Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, KY, United States. ; UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States; Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States. ; Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States; UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States; Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States. Electronic address: smithjc@ornl.gov. ; Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States; UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States; Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States. Electronic address: jbaudry@utk.edu. Y1 - 2016/10/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Oct 15 SP - 4928 EP - 4935 VL - 24 IS - 20 KW - Hit discovery KW - Drug discovery KW - Computational drug discovery KW - Docking KW - Toxicity KW - Lead discovery UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1835361304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioorganic+%26+medicinal+chemistry&rft.atitle=Ensemble-based+docking%3A+From+hit+discovery+to+metabolism+and+toxicity+predictions.&rft.au=Evangelista%2C+Wilfredo%3BWeir%2C+Rebecca+L%3BEllingson%2C+Sally+R%3BHarris%2C+Jason+B%3BKapoor%2C+Karan%3BSmith%2C+Jeremy+C%3BBaudry%2C+Jerome&rft.aulast=Evangelista&rft.aufirst=Wilfredo&rft.date=2016-10-15&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=4928&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioorganic+%26+medicinal+chemistry&rft.issn=1464-3391&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bmc.2016.07.064 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-08-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2016.07.064 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anisotropic mechanical properties of zircon and the effect of radiation damage AN - 1840621652; 2016-096691 AB - This study provides new insights into the relationship between radiation-dose-dependent structural damage due to natural U and Th impurities and the anisotropic mechanical properties (Poisson's ratio, elastic modulus and hardness) of zircon. Natural zircon samples from Sri Lanka (see Muarakami et al. in Am Mineral 76:1510-1532, 1991) and synthetic samples, covering a dose range of zero up to 6.8 X 10 (super 18) alpha -decays/g, have been studied by nanoindentation. Measurements along the [100] crystallographic direction and calculations, based on elastic stiffness constants determined by Ozkan (J Appl Phys 47:4772-4779, 1976), revealed a general radiation-induced decrease in stiffness ( approximately 54 %) and hardness ( approximately 48 %) and an increase in the Poisson's ratio ( approximately 54 %) with increasing dose. Additional indentations on selected samples along the [001] allowed one to follow the amorphization process to the point that the mechanical properties are isotropic. This work shows that the radiation-dose-dependent changes of the mechanical properties of zircon can be directly correlated with the amorphous fraction as determined by previous investigations with local and global probes (Rios et al. in J Phys Condens Matter 12:2401-2412, 2000a; Farnan and Salje in J Appl Phys 89:2084-2090, 2001; Zhang and Salje in J Phys Condens Matter 13:3057-3071, 2001). The excellent agreement, revealed by the different methods, indicates a large influence of structural and even local phenomena on the macroscopic mechanical properties. Therefore, this study indicates the importance of acquiring better knowledge about the mechanical long-term stability of radiation-damaged materials. Copyright 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg JF - Physics and Chemistry of Minerals AU - Beirau, Tobias AU - Nix, William D AU - Bismayer, Ulrich AU - Boatner, Lynn A AU - Isaacson, Scott G AU - Ewing, Rodney C Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 627 EP - 638 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin - New York VL - 43 IS - 9 SN - 0342-1791, 0342-1791 KW - zircon group KW - silicates KW - Poisson's ratio KW - amorphous materials KW - impurities KW - stiffness KW - radiation damage KW - zircon KW - mechanical properties KW - crystal structure KW - elastic constants KW - nesosilicates KW - metamictization KW - metals KW - orthosilicates KW - isotropy KW - thorium KW - uranium KW - hardness KW - actinides KW - anisotropy KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840621652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.atitle=Anisotropic+mechanical+properties+of+zircon+and+the+effect+of+radiation+damage&rft.au=Beirau%2C+Tobias%3BNix%2C+William+D%3BBismayer%2C+Ulrich%3BBoatner%2C+Lynn+A%3BIsaacson%2C+Scott+G%3BEwing%2C+Rodney+C&rft.aulast=Beirau&rft.aufirst=Tobias&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=627&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=03421791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00269-016-0822-9 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100449/?p=e597e977f1914094b3810f7e67f0a453&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 79 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - PCMIDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; amorphous materials; anisotropy; crystal structure; elastic constants; hardness; impurities; isotropy; mechanical properties; metals; metamictization; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; Poisson's ratio; radiation damage; silicates; stiffness; thorium; uranium; zircon; zircon group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-016-0822-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An approach towards tailoring interfacial structures and properties of multiphase renewable thermoplastics from lignin-nitrile rubber AN - 1837324645; PQ0003742945 AB - Lignin-derived thermoplastics and elastomers with both versatile performance and commercialization potential have been an elusive pursuit for the past several decades. Lignin content has been limited to about 30 wt%, often requiring chemical modification, solvent fractionation of lignin, or prohibitively expensive additives. Each of these factors is a deterrent to industrial adoption of lignin-based polymers, limiting the potential of this renewable resource. Herein we describe high-performance multiphase thermoplastics made with a blend of 41 wt% unmodified industrial lignin and low-cost additives in a matrix of general-purpose acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR). Hardwood soda lignin (HSL) and softwood Kraft lignin (SKL) were blended under high shear conditions with NBR, carbon black (CB), polyethylene oxide (PEO), boric acid (BA), and dicumyl peroxide (DCP). This combination with SKL lignin in the proper proportions resulted in a thermoplastic with a tensile strength and failure strain of 25.2 MPa and 9%, respectively; it exhibited an unexpected tensile yield, similar to that of ABS, a commodity thermoplastic. The analogous HSL lignin compositions are tough materials with tensile strengths of 7.3-16.7 MPa and failure strain of 80-140%. The contrasting ductility and yield stress behavior were analyzed based on the compositions' morphology and interfacial structure arising from the chemical nature of each lignin studied. The roles of CB as a reinforcement in the rubbery phase, DCP and BA as cross-linkers to create multiphase networks, and PEO to promote the adhesion and compatibility of lignin in commercial-grade NBR are also discussed in detail. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Bova, Tony AU - Tran, Chau D AU - Balakshin, Mikhail Y AU - Chen, Jihua AU - Capanema, Ewellyn A AU - Naskar, Amit K AD - Carbon and Composites Group; Materials Science and Technology Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA; +1-865-574-8257; +1-865-576-0309 Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 5423 EP - 5437 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 18 IS - 20 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Black carbon KW - Solvents KW - Softwoods KW - Stress KW - Adhesion KW - Hardwoods KW - Renewable resources KW - Fractionation KW - Green development KW - Morphology KW - Polymers KW - Additives KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1837324645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=An+approach+towards+tailoring+interfacial+structures+and+properties+of+multiphase+renewable+thermoplastics+from+lignin-nitrile+rubber&rft.au=Bova%2C+Tony%3BTran%2C+Chau+D%3BBalakshin%2C+Mikhail+Y%3BChen%2C+Jihua%3BCapanema%2C+Ewellyn+A%3BNaskar%2C+Amit+K&rft.aulast=Bova&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=5423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6gc01067a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Renewable resources; Black carbon; Fractionation; Morphology; Green development; Softwoods; Solvents; Stress; Polymers; Hardwoods; Adhesion; Additives DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6gc01067a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human-induced greening of the northern extratropical land surface AN - 1837300637; PQ0003768845 AB - Significant land greening in the northern extratropical latitudes (NEL) has been documented through satellite observations during the past three decades. This enhanced vegetation growth has broad implications for surface energy, water and carbon budgets, and ecosystem services across multiple scales. Discernible human impacts on the Earth's climate system have been revealed by using statistical frameworks of detection-attribution. These impacts, however, were not previously identified on the NEL greening signal, owing to the lack of long-term observational records, possible bias of satellite data, different algorithms used to calculate vegetation greenness, and the lack of suitable simulations from coupled Earth system models (ESMs). Here we have overcome these challenges to attribute recent changes in NEL vegetation activity. We used two 30-year-long remote-sensing-based leaf area index (LAI) data sets, simulations from 19 coupled ESMs with interactive vegetation, and a formal detection and attribution algorithm. Our findings reveal that the observed greening record is consistent with an assumption of anthropogenic forcings, where greenhouse gases play a dominant role, but is not consistent with simulations that include only natural forcings and internal climate variability. These results provide the first clear evidence of a discernible human fingerprint on physiological vegetation changes other than phenology and range shifts. JF - Nature Climate Change AU - Mao, Jiafu AU - Ribes, Aurelien AU - Yan, Binyan AU - Shi, Xiaoying AU - Thornton, Peter E AU - Seferian, Roland AU - Ciais, Philippe AU - Myneni, Ranga B AU - Douville, Herve AU - Piao, Shilong AU - Zhu, Zaichun AU - Dickinson, Robert E AU - Dai, Yongjiu AU - Ricciuto, Daniel M AU - Jin, Mingzhou AU - Hoffman, Forrest M AU - Wang, Bin AU - Huang, Mengtian AU - Lian, Xu AD - Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6301, USA Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 959 EP - 963 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 10 SN - 1758-678X, 1758-678X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Surface water KW - Climate change KW - Remote sensing KW - Algorithms KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Climate and vegetation KW - Growth KW - Carbon KW - Climatic variability KW - Phenology KW - Latitude KW - Biological surveys KW - Climate KW - Leaves KW - Simulation KW - Vegetation KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Satellites KW - Satellite data KW - Vegetation changes KW - Numerical simulations KW - Energy KW - Green development KW - Human factors KW - Greenhouse gases KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1837300637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.atitle=Human-induced+greening+of+the+northern+extratropical+land+surface&rft.au=Mao%2C+Jiafu%3BRibes%2C+Aurelien%3BYan%2C+Binyan%3BShi%2C+Xiaoying%3BThornton%2C+Peter+E%3BSeferian%2C+Roland%3BCiais%2C+Philippe%3BMyneni%2C+Ranga+B%3BDouville%2C+Herve%3BPiao%2C+Shilong%3BZhu%2C+Zaichun%3BDickinson%2C+Robert+E%3BDai%2C+Yongjiu%3BRicciuto%2C+Daniel+M%3BJin%2C+Mingzhou%3BHoffman%2C+Forrest+M%3BWang%2C+Bin%3BHuang%2C+Mengtian%3BLian%2C+Xu&rft.aulast=Mao&rft.aufirst=Jiafu&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=959&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.issn=1758678X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnclimate3056 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Growth; Carbon; Phenology; Climate change; Climate; Anthropogenic factors; Leaves; Greenhouse effect; Climate and vegetation; Satellite data; Climatic variability; Numerical simulations; Algorithms; Greenhouse gases; Surface water; Remote sensing; Vegetation; Simulation; Satellites; Vegetation changes; Energy; Green development; Latitude; Human factors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3056 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A thioacidolysis method tailored for higher-throughput quantitative analysis of lignin monomers AN - 1827912812; PQ0003725967 AB - Thioacidolysis is a method used to measure the relative content of lignin monomers bound by beta -O-4 linkages. Current thioacidolysis methods are low-throughput as they require tedious steps for reaction product concentration prior to analysis using standard GC methods. A quantitative thioacidolysis method that is accessible with general laboratory equipment and uses a non-chlorinated organic solvent and is tailored for higher-throughput analysis is reported. The method utilizes lignin arylglycerol monomer standards for calibration, requires 1-2 mg of biomass per assay and has been quantified using fast-GC techniques including a Low Thermal Mass Modular Accelerated Column Heater (LTM MACH). Cumbersome steps, including standard purification, sample concentrating and drying have been eliminated to help aid in consecutive day-to-day analyses needed to sustain a high sample throughput for large screening experiments without the loss of quantitation accuracy. The method reported in this manuscript has been quantitatively validated against a commonly used thioacidolysis method and across two different research sites with three common biomass varieties to represent hardwoods, softwoods, and grasses. Thioacidolysis converts arylglycerol lignin monomers, particularly those bound by beta -O-4 linkages, to corresponding thioethyl monomers. A high-throughput and quantitative thioacidolysis method was developed and validated across laboratories and compared to the results of other thioacidolysis methods. The high-throughput method uses aryglycerol standards for quantitation, does not require product concentration steps and can utilize rapid GC methods for analysis. JF - Biotechnology Journal AU - Harman-Ware, Anne E AU - Foster, Cliff AU - Happs, Renee M AU - Doeppke, Crissa AU - Meunier, Kristoffer AU - Gehan, Jackson AU - Yue, Fengxia AU - Lu, Fachuang AU - Davis, Mark F AD - Bioenergy Science Center, Golden, CO, USA. Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 1268 EP - 1273 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 11 IS - 10 SN - 1860-6768, 1860-6768 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Monomers KW - Long term memory KW - Grasses KW - Lignin KW - Solvents KW - Softwoods KW - Drying KW - Purification KW - Biomass KW - Quantitation KW - Hardwoods KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827912812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+Journal&rft.atitle=A+thioacidolysis+method+tailored+for+higher-throughput+quantitative+analysis+of+lignin+monomers&rft.au=Harman-Ware%2C+Anne+E%3BFoster%2C+Cliff%3BHapps%2C+Renee+M%3BDoeppke%2C+Crissa%3BMeunier%2C+Kristoffer%3BGehan%2C+Jackson%3BYue%2C+Fengxia%3BLu%2C+Fachuang%3BDavis%2C+Mark+F&rft.aulast=Harman-Ware&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1268&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+Journal&rft.issn=18606768&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbiot.201600266 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Monomers; Grasses; Long term memory; Lignin; Softwoods; Solvents; Drying; Purification; Biomass; Hardwoods; Quantitation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biot.201600266 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Knockdown of a laccase in Populus deltoides confers altered cell wall chemistry and increased sugar release AN - 1827911584; PQ0003653548 AB - Plant laccases are thought to function in the oxidation of monolignols which leads to higher order lignin formation. Only a hand-full of laccases in plants have been functionally evaluated, and as such little is known about the breadth of their impact on cell wall chemistry or structure. Here, we describe a previously uncharacterized laccase from Populus, encoded by locus Potri.008G064000, whose reduced expression resulted in transgenic Populus trees with changes in syringyl/guaiacyl ratios as well as altered sugar release phenotypes. These phenotypes are consistent with plant biomass exhibiting reduced recalcitrance. Interestingly, the transgene effect on recalcitrance is dependent on a mild pretreatment prior to chemical extraction of sugars. Metabolite profiling suggests the transgene modulates phenolics that are associated with the cell wall structure. We propose that this particular laccase has a range of functions related to oxidation of phenolics and conjugation of flavonoids that interact with lignin in the cell wall. JF - Plant Biotechnology Journal AU - Bryan, Anthony C AU - Jawdy, Sara AU - Gunter, Lee AU - Gjersing, Erica AU - Sykes, Robert AU - Hinchee, Maud AW AU - Winkeler, Kimberly A AU - Collins, Cassandra M AU - Engle, Nancy AU - Tschaplinski, Timothy J AU - Yang, Xiaohan AU - Tuskan, Gerald A AU - Muchero, Wellington AU - Chen, Jin-Gui AD - BioEnergy Science Center and Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 2010 EP - 2020 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 14 IS - 10 SN - 1467-7644, 1467-7644 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Sugar KW - Flavonoids KW - Populus KW - Trees KW - Transgenes KW - Metabolites KW - Biomass KW - Laccase KW - Oxidation KW - Lignin KW - Populus deltoides KW - phenolic compounds KW - Chemical extraction KW - Cell walls KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827911584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Biotechnology+Journal&rft.atitle=Knockdown+of+a+laccase+in+Populus+deltoides+confers+altered+cell+wall+chemistry+and+increased+sugar+release&rft.au=Bryan%2C+Anthony+C%3BJawdy%2C+Sara%3BGunter%2C+Lee%3BGjersing%2C+Erica%3BSykes%2C+Robert%3BHinchee%2C+Maud+AW%3BWinkeler%2C+Kimberly+A%3BCollins%2C+Cassandra+M%3BEngle%2C+Nancy%3BTschaplinski%2C+Timothy+J%3BYang%2C+Xiaohan%3BTuskan%2C+Gerald+A%3BMuchero%2C+Wellington%3BChen%2C+Jin-Gui&rft.aulast=Bryan&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2010&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Biotechnology+Journal&rft.issn=14677644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fpbi.12560 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Flavonoids; Laccase; Trees; Lignin; Oxidation; Transgenes; phenolic compounds; Metabolites; Biomass; Chemical extraction; Cell walls; Populus; Populus deltoides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12560 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and Validation of Broad-Range Qualitative and Clade-Specific Quantitative Molecular Probes for Assessing Mercury Methylation in the Environment. AN - 1820595992; 27422835 AB - Two genes, hgcA and hgcB, are essential for microbial mercury (Hg) methylation. Detection and estimation of their abundance, in conjunction with Hg concentration, bioavailability, and biogeochemistry, are critical in determining potential hot spots of methylmercury (MeHg) generation in at-risk environments. We developed broad-range degenerate PCR primers spanning known hgcAB genes to determine the presence of both genes in diverse environments. These primers were tested against an extensive set of pure cultures with published genomes, including 13 Deltaproteobacteria, nine Firmicutes, and nine methanogenic Archaea genomes. A distinct PCR product at the expected size was confirmed for all hgcAB(+) strains tested via Sanger sequencing. Additionally, we developed clade-specific degenerate quantitative PCR (qPCR) primers that targeted hgcA for each of the three dominant Hg-methylating clades. The clade-specific qPCR primers amplified hgcA from 64%, 88%, and 86% of tested pure cultures of Deltaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Archaea, respectively, and were highly specific for each clade. Amplification efficiencies and detection limits were quantified for each organism. Primer sensitivity varied among species based on sequence conservation. Finally, to begin to evaluate the utility of our primer sets in nature, we tested hgcA and hgcAB recovery from pure cultures spiked into sand and soil. These novel quantitative molecular tools designed in this study will allow for more accurate identification and quantification of the individual Hg-methylating groups of microorganisms in the environment. The resulting data will be essential in developing accurate and robust predictive models of Hg methylation potential, ideally integrating the geochemistry of Hg methylation to the microbiology and genetics of hgcAB IMPORTANCE: The neurotoxin methylmercury (MeHg) poses a serious risk to human health. MeHg production in nature is associated with anaerobic microorganisms. The recent discovery of the Hg-methylating gene pair, hgcA and hgcB, has allowed us to design and optimize molecular probes against these genes within the genomic DNA for microorganisms known to methylate Hg. The protocols designed in this study allow for both qualitative and quantitative assessments of pure-culture or environmental samples. With these protocols in hand, we can begin to study the distribution of Hg-methylating organisms in nature via a cultivation-independent strategy. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Christensen, Geoff A AU - Wymore, Ann M AU - King, Andrew J AU - Podar, Mircea AU - Hurt, Richard A AU - Santillan, Eugenio U AU - Soren, Ally AU - Brandt, Craig C AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Wall, Judy D AU - Gilmour, Cynthia C AU - Elias, Dwayne A AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. ; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, USA. ; University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. ; Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA eliasda@ornl.gov. Y1 - 2016/10/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Oct 01 SP - 6068 EP - 6078 VL - 82 IS - 19 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1820595992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Development+and+Validation+of+Broad-Range+Qualitative+and+Clade-Specific+Quantitative+Molecular+Probes+for+Assessing+Mercury+Methylation+in+the+Environment.&rft.au=Christensen%2C+Geoff+A%3BWymore%2C+Ann+M%3BKing%2C+Andrew+J%3BPodar%2C+Mircea%3BHurt%2C+Richard+A%3BSantillan%2C+Eugenio+U%3BSoren%2C+Ally%3BBrandt%2C+Craig+C%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BWall%2C+Judy+D%3BGilmour%2C+Cynthia+C%3BElias%2C+Dwayne+A&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=Geoff&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=6068&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=1098-5336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.01271-16 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01271-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced Dynamics of Hydrated tRNA on Nanodiamond Surfaces: A Combined Neutron Scattering and MD Simulation Study. AN - 1859727419; 27584158 AB - Nontoxic, biocompatible nanodiamonds (ND) have recently been implemented in rational, systematic design of optimal therapeutic use in nanomedicines. However, hydrophilicity of the ND surface strongly influences structure and dynamics of biomolecules that restrict in situ applications of ND. Therefore, fundamental understanding of the impact of hydrophilic ND surface on biomolecules at the molecular level is essential. For tRNA, we observe an enhancement of dynamical behavior in the presence of ND contrary to generally observed slow motion at strongly interacting interfaces. We took advantage of neutron scattering experiments and computer simulations to demonstrate this atypical faster dynamics of tRNA on ND surface. The strong attractive interactions between ND, tRNA, and water give rise to unlike dynamical behavior and structural changes of tRNA in front of ND compared to without ND. Our new findings may provide new design principles for safer, improved drug delivery platforms. JF - The journal of physical chemistry. B AU - Dhindsa, Gurpreet K AU - Bhowmik, Debsindhu AU - Goswami, Monojoy AU - O'Neill, Hugh AU - Mamontov, Eugene AU - Sumpter, Bobby G AU - Hong, Liang AU - Ganesh, Panchapakesan AU - Chu, Xiang-Qiang AD - Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States. ; Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. ; Biology and Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. ; Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. ; Institute of Natural Science & Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China. Y1 - 2016/09/14/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Sep 14 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859727419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+journal+of+physical+chemistry.+B&rft.atitle=Enhanced+Dynamics+of+Hydrated+tRNA+on+Nanodiamond+Surfaces%3A+A+Combined+Neutron+Scattering+and+MD+Simulation+Study.&rft.au=Dhindsa%2C+Gurpreet+K%3BBhowmik%2C+Debsindhu%3BGoswami%2C+Monojoy%3BO%27Neill%2C+Hugh%3BMamontov%2C+Eugene%3BSumpter%2C+Bobby+G%3BHong%2C+Liang%3BGanesh%2C+Panchapakesan%3BChu%2C+Xiang-Qiang&rft.aulast=Dhindsa&rft.aufirst=Gurpreet&rft.date=2016-09-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+journal+of+physical+chemistry.+B&rft.issn=1520-5207&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The dynamic nature of crystal growth in pores. AN - 1819121267; 27615371 AB - The kinetics of crystal growth in porous media controls a variety of natural processes such as ore genesis and crystallization induced fracturing that can trigger earthquakes and weathering, as well as, sequestration of CO2 and toxic metals into geological formations. Progress on understanding those processes has been limited by experimental difficulties of dynamically studying the reactive surface area and permeability during pore occlusion. Here, we show that these variables cause a time-dependency of barite growth rates in microporous silica. The rate is approximately constant and similar to that observed on free surfaces if fast flow velocities predominate and if the time-dependent reactive surface area is accounted for. As the narrower flow paths clog, local flow velocities decrease, which causes the progressive slowing of growth rates. We conclude that mineral growth in a microporous media can be estimated based on free surface studies when a) the growth rate is normalized to the time-dependent surface area of the growing crystals, and b) the local flow velocities are above the limit at which growth is transport-limited. Accounting for the dynamic relation between microstructure, flow velocity and growth rate is shown to be crucial towards understanding and predicting precipitation in porous rocks. JF - Scientific reports AU - Godinho, Jose R A AU - Gerke, Kirill M AU - Stack, Andrew G AU - Lee, Peter D AD - School of Materials, The University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK. ; The University of Melbourne, Department of Infrastructure Engineering, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia. ; Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS-6110, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Y1 - 2016/09/12/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Sep 12 SP - 33086 VL - 6 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819121267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=The+dynamic+nature+of+crystal+growth+in+pores.&rft.au=Godinho%2C+Jose+R+A%3BGerke%2C+Kirill+M%3BStack%2C+Andrew+G%3BLee%2C+Peter+D&rft.aulast=Godinho&rft.aufirst=Jose+R&rft.date=2016-09-12&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=33086&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep33086 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep33086 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous denoising and reconstruction of 5-D seismic data via damped rank-reduction method AN - 1849307800; 2016-110766 AB - The Cadzow rank-reduction method can be effectively utilized in simultaneously denoising and reconstructing 5-D seismic data that depend on four spatial dimensions. The classic version of Cadzow rank-reduction method arranges the 4-D spatial data into a level-four block Hankel/Toeplitz matrix and then applies truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD) for rank reduction. When the observed data are extremely noisy, which is often the feature of real seismic data, traditional TSVD cannot be adequate for attenuating the noise and reconstructing the signals. The reconstructed data tend to contain a significant amount of residual noise using the traditional TSVD method, which can be explained by the fact that the reconstructed data space is a mixture of both signal subspace and noise subspace. In order to better decompose the block Hankel matrix into signal and noise components, we introduced a damping operator into the traditional TSVD formula, which we call the damped rank-reduction method. The damped rank-reduction method can obtain a perfect reconstruction performance even when the observed data have extremely low signal-to-noise ratio. The feasibility of the improved 5-D seismic data reconstruction method was validated via both 5-D synthetic and field data examples. We presented comprehensive analysis of the data examples and obtained valuable experience and guidelines in better utilizing the proposed method in practice. Since the proposed method is convenient to implement and can achieve immediate improvement, we suggest its wide application in the industry. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Chen, Yangkang AU - Zhang, Dong AU - Jin, Zhaoyu AU - Chen, Xiaohong AU - Zu, Shaohuan AU - Huang, Weilin AU - Gan, Shuwei Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 1695 EP - 1717 PB - Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 206 IS - 3 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - singular value decomposition KW - rank-reduction method KW - time series analysis KW - iterative methods KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - inverse problem KW - interpolation KW - five-dimensional models KW - seismic methods KW - noise KW - attenuation KW - errors KW - Fourier analysis KW - mathematical methods KW - signal-to-noise ratio KW - reconstruction KW - algorithms KW - image analysis KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849307800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+denoising+and+reconstruction+of+5-D+seismic+data+via+damped+rank-reduction+method&rft.au=Chen%2C+Yangkang%3BZhang%2C+Dong%3BJin%2C+Zhaoyu%3BChen%2C+Xiaohong%3BZu%2C+Shaohuan%3BHuang%2C+Weilin%3BGan%2C+Shuwei&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Yangkang&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=206&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1695&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fgji%2Fggw230 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; attenuation; data processing; errors; five-dimensional models; Fourier analysis; geophysical methods; image analysis; interpolation; inverse problem; iterative methods; mathematical methods; noise; rank-reduction method; reconstruction; seismic methods; signal-to-noise ratio; singular value decomposition; statistical analysis; time series analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggw230 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conjunctive management of surface and ground water resources under projected future climate change scenarios AN - 1832729555; 2016-090282 AB - This study introduces a mixed integer linear fractional programming (MILFP) method to optimize conjunctive use of future surface water and groundwater resources under projected climate change scenarios. The conjunctive management model maximizes the ratio of groundwater usage to reservoir water usage. Future inflows to the reservoirs were estimated from the future runoffs projected through hydroclimate modeling considering the Variable Infiltration Capacity model, and 11 sets of downscaled Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 global climate model projections. Bayesian model averaging was adopted to quantify uncertainty in future runoff projections and reservoir inflow projections due to uncertain future climate projections. Optimized conjunctive management solutions were investigated for a water supply network in northern Louisiana which includes the Sparta aquifer. Runoff projections under climate change scenarios indicate that runoff will likely decrease in winter and increase in other seasons. Results from the developed conjunctive management model with MILFP indicate that the future reservoir water, even at 2.5% low inflow cumulative probability level, could counterbalance groundwater pumping reduction to satisfy demands while improving the Sparta aquifer through conditional groundwater head constraints. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Mani, Amir AU - Tsai, Frank T C AU - Kao, Shih-Chieh AU - Naz, Bibi S AU - Ashfaq, Moetasim AU - Rastogi, Deeksha Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 397 EP - 411 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 540 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - CMIP5 models KW - Bayesian analysis KW - rivers and streams KW - data processing KW - water management KW - simulation KW - El Dorado Arkansas KW - Caddo Parish Louisiana KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - ground water KW - Sparta Aquifer KW - drainage basins KW - Shreveport Louisiana KW - Louisiana KW - uncertainty KW - climate KW - water supply KW - reservoirs KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - optimization KW - water balance KW - aquifers KW - variable infiltration capacity model KW - models KW - northern Louisiana KW - MILFP model KW - infiltration KW - runoff KW - mathematical methods KW - water resources KW - Arkansas KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832729555?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Conjunctive+management+of+surface+and+ground+water+resources+under+projected+future+climate+change+scenarios&rft.au=Mani%2C+Amir%3BTsai%2C+Frank+T+C%3BKao%2C+Shih-Chieh%3BNaz%2C+Bibi+S%3BAshfaq%2C+Moetasim%3BRastogi%2C+Deeksha&rft.aulast=Mani&rft.aufirst=Amir&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=540&rft.issue=&rft.spage=397&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2016.06.021 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Arkansas; Bayesian analysis; Caddo Parish Louisiana; climate; climate change; CMIP5 models; data processing; drainage basins; El Dorado Arkansas; environmental effects; ground water; infiltration; Louisiana; mathematical methods; MILFP model; models; northern Louisiana; optimization; reservoirs; rivers and streams; runoff; Shreveport Louisiana; simulation; Sparta Aquifer; statistical analysis; surface water; uncertainty; United States; variable infiltration capacity model; water balance; water management; water resources; water supply DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.06.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-resolution ensemble projections of near-term regional climate over the continental United States AN - 1827932807; PQ0003704559 AB - We present high-resolution near-term ensemble projections of hydroclimatic changes over the contiguous U.S. using a regional climate model (RegCM4) that dynamically downscales 11 global climate models from the fifth phase of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project at 18km horizontal grid spacing. All model integrations span 41years in the historical period (1965-2005) and 41years in the near-term future period (2010-2050) under Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 and cover a domain that includes the contiguous U.S. and parts of Canada and Mexico. Should emissions continue to rise, surface temperatures in every region within the U.S. will reach a new climate norm well before mid 21st century regardless of the magnitudes of regional warming. Significant warming will likely intensify the regional hydrological cycle through the acceleration of the historical trends in cold, warm, and wet extremes. The future temperature response will be partly regulated by changes in snow hydrology over the regions that historically receive a major portion of cold season precipitation in the form of snow. Our results indicate the existence of the Clausius-Clapeyron scaling at regional scales where per degree centigrade rise in surface temperature will lead to a 7.4% increase in precipitation from extremes. More importantly, both winter (snow) and summer (liquid) extremes are projected to increase across the U.S. These changes in precipitation characteristics will be driven by a shift toward shorter and wetter seasons. Overall, projected changes in the regional hydroclimate can have substantial impacts on the natural and human systems across the U.S. Key Points * Surface T in every region will reach a new climate norm well before mid 21st century regardless of the magnitudes of regional warming * Clausius-Clapeyron scaling exists at regional scales where per degree C rise in surface T will lead to a 7.4% increase in P from extremes * Both winter (snow) and summer (liquid) extremes are projected to increase across the U.S. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Ashfaq, Moetasim AU - Rastogi, Deeksha AU - Mei, Rui AU - Kao, Shih-Chieh AU - Gangrade, Sudershan AU - Naz, Bibi S AU - Touma, Danielle AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 9943 EP - 9963 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 17 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Surface temperatures KW - Regional climates KW - Lead isotopes in snow KW - Hydroclimate KW - Hydrology KW - Seasonal variability KW - Regional climate models KW - Modelling KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Temperature effects KW - Climate models KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Snow KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Precipitation KW - Extreme values KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - Surface temperature KW - Future temperatures KW - Global climate KW - USA KW - Winter snow KW - Mexico KW - Snow hydrology KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827932807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=High-resolution+ensemble+projections+of+near-term+regional+climate+over+the+continental+United+States&rft.au=Ashfaq%2C+Moetasim%3BRastogi%2C+Deeksha%3BMei%2C+Rui%3BKao%2C+Shih-Chieh%3BGangrade%2C+Sudershan%3BNaz%2C+Bibi+S%3BTouma%2C+Danielle&rft.aulast=Ashfaq&rft.aufirst=Moetasim&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=9943&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016JD025285 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Atmospheric precipitations; Snow; Hydroclimate; Climate; Extreme values; Hydrologic cycle; Surface temperature; Modelling; Future temperatures; Global climate; Surface temperatures; Winter snow; Hydrologic analysis; Climate models; Snow hydrology; Lead isotopes in snow; Regional climate models; Regional climates; Seasonal variability; Precipitation; Climates; Temperature; Hydrology; USA; Mexico DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025285 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intermediate-scale community-level flux of CO sub(2) and CH sub(4) in a Minnesota peatland: putting the SPRUCE project in a global context AN - 1827910072; PQ0003688852 AB - Peatland measurements of CO sub(2) and CH sub(4) flux were obtained at scales appropriate to the in situ biological community below the tree layer to demonstrate representativeness of the spruce and peatland responses under climatic and environmental change (SPRUCE) experiment. Surface flux measurements were made using dual open-path analyzers over an area of 1.13 m super(2) in daylight and dark conditions along with associated peat temperatures, water table height, hummock moisture, atmospheric pressure and incident radiation data. Observations from August 2011 through December 2014 demonstrated seasonal trends correlated with temperature as the dominant apparent driving variable. The S1-Bog for the SPRUCE study was found to be representative of temperate peatlands in terms of CO sub(2) and CH sub(4) flux. Maximum net CO sub(2) flux in midsummer showed similar rates of C uptake and loss: daytime surface uptake was -5 to -6 mu mol m super(-2) s super(-1) and dark period loss rates were 4-5 mu mol m super(-2) s super(-1) (positive values are carbon lost to the atmosphere). Maximum midsummer CH sub(4)-C flux ranged from 0.4 to 0.5 mu mol m super(-2) s super(-1) and was a factor of 10 lower than dark CO sub(2)-C efflux rates. Midwinter conditions produced near-zero flux for both CO sub(2) and CH sub(4) with frozen surfaces. Integrating temperature-dependent models across annual periods showed dark CO sub(2)-C and CH sub(4)-C flux to be 894 plus or minus 34 and 16 plus or minus 2 gC m super(- 2) y super(-1), respectively. Net ecosystem exchange of carbon from the shrub-forb-Sphagnum-microbial community (excluding tree contributions) ranged from -3.1 gCO sub(2)-C m super(-2) y super(- 1) in 2013, to C losses from 21 to 65 gCO sub(2)-C m super(-2) y super(-1) for the other years. JF - Biogeochemistry AU - Hanson, P J AU - Gill, AL AU - Xu, X AU - Phillips, J R AU - Weston, D J AU - Kolka, R K AU - Riggs, J S AU - Hook, LA AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6301, USA, hansonpj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 255 EP - 272 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 129 IS - 3 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Trees KW - Daytime KW - Radiation KW - Absorption KW - Seasonal variations KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Carbon cycle KW - Environmental impact KW - Water temperature KW - Environmental changes KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Peatlands KW - Water table KW - Atmosphere KW - Models KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Carbon KW - Temperature effects KW - Methane KW - Data processing KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Atmospheric Pressure KW - USA, Minnesota KW - Peat KW - Atmospheric pressure KW - Fluctuations KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827910072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry&rft.atitle=Intermediate-scale+community-level+flux+of+CO+sub%282%29+and+CH+sub%284%29+in+a+Minnesota+peatland%3A+putting+the+SPRUCE+project+in+a+global+context&rft.au=Hanson%2C+P+J%3BGill%2C+AL%3BXu%2C+X%3BPhillips%2C+J+R%3BWeston%2C+D+J%3BKolka%2C+R+K%3BRiggs%2C+J+S%3BHook%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10533-016-0230-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Carbon; Radiation; Biogeochemistry; Climate; Environmental impact; Carbon cycle; Carbon dioxide; Peat; Peatlands; Data processing; Trees; Water table; Water temperature; Atmosphere; Models; Daytime; Environmental changes; Atmospheric pressure; Methane; Temperature; Sulfur dioxide; Seasonal variations; Absorption; Atmospheric Pressure; Fluctuations; Carbon Dioxide; USA, Minnesota DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-016-0230-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enrichment of Root Endophytic Bacteria from Populus deltoides and Single-Cell-Genomics Analysis AN - 1827909220; PQ0003647380 AB - Bacterial endophytes that colonize Populus trees contribute to nutrient acquisition, prime immunity responses, and directly or indirectly increase both above- and below-ground biomasses. Endophytes are embedded within plant material, so physical separation and isolation are difficult tasks. Application of culture-independent methods, such as metagenome or bacterial transcriptome sequencing, has been limited due to the predominance of DNA from the plant biomass. Here, we describe a modified differential and density gradient centrifugation-based protocol for the separation of endophytic bacteria from Populus roots. This protocol achieved substantial reduction in contaminating plant DNA, allowed enrichment of endophytic bacteria away from the plant material, and enabled single-cell genomics analysis. Four single-cell genomes were selected for whole-genome amplification based on their rarity in the microbiome (potentially uncultured taxa) as well as their inferred abilities to form associations with plants. Bioinformatics analyses, including assembly, contamination removal, and completeness estimation, were performed to obtain single-amplified genomes (SAGs) of organisms from the phyla Armatimonadetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Planctomycetes, which were unrepresented in our previous cultivation efforts. Comparative genomic analysis revealed unique characteristics of each SAG that could facilitate future cultivation efforts for these bacteria. IMPORTANCE Plant roots harbor a diverse collection of microbes that live within host tissues. To gain a comprehensive understanding of microbial adaptations to this endophytic lifestyle from strains that cannot be cultivated, it is necessary to separate bacterial cells from the predominance of plant tissue. This study provides a valuable approach for the separation and isolation of endophytic bacteria from plant root tissue. Isolated live bacteria provide material for microbiome sequencing, single-cell genomics, and analyses of genomes of uncultured bacteria to provide genomics information that will facilitate future cultivation attempts. JF - Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy AU - Utturkar, Sagar M AU - Cude, W Nathan AU - Robeson, Michael S, Jr AU - Yang, Zamin K AU - Klingeman, Dawn M AU - Land, Miriam L AU - Allman, Steve L AU - Lu, Tse-Yuan S AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Schadt, Christopher W AD - << + $0, pelletierda@ornl.gov. Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 5698 EP - 5708 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 82 IS - 18 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Bacteria KW - Adaptations KW - Contamination KW - Populus KW - Endophytes KW - Nutrients KW - Immunity KW - Biomass KW - Host plants KW - Planctomycetes KW - Gene expression KW - DNA sequencing KW - Verrucomicrobia KW - Density gradients KW - Genomic analysis KW - DNA KW - Populus deltoides KW - Bioinformatics KW - A 01390:Forestry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827909220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Enrichment+of+Root+Endophytic+Bacteria+from+Populus+deltoides+and+Single-Cell-Genomics+Analysis&rft.au=Utturkar%2C+Sagar+M%3BCude%2C+W+Nathan%3BRobeson%2C+Michael+S%2C+Jr%3BYang%2C+Zamin+K%3BKlingeman%2C+Dawn+M%3BLand%2C+Miriam+L%3BAllman%2C+Steve+L%3BLu%2C+Tse-Yuan+S%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D%3BSchadt%2C+Christopher+W&rft.aulast=Utturkar&rft.aufirst=Sagar&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=5698&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.01285-16 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 82 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adaptations; Contamination; Endophytes; Nutrients; Immunity; Biomass; Host plants; Gene expression; DNA sequencing; Density gradients; Genomic analysis; DNA; Bioinformatics; Planctomycetes; Bacteria; Verrucomicrobia; Populus; Populus deltoides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01285-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Classification of US Hydropower Dams by their Modes of Operation AN - 1827907307; PQ0003650014 AB - A key challenge to understanding ecohydrologic responses to dam regulation is the absence of a universally transferable classification framework for how dams operate. In the present paper, we develop a classification system to organize the modes of operation (MOPs) for US hydropower dams and powerplants. To determine the full diversity of MOPs, we mined federal documents, open-access data repositories, and internet sources. We then used CART classification trees to predict MOPs based on physical characteristics, regulation, and project generation. Finally, we evaluated how much variation MOPs explained in sub-daily discharge patterns for stream gages downstream of hydropower dams. After reviewing information for 721 dams and 597 power plants, we developed a two-tier hierarchical classification based on (i) the storage and control of flows to powerplants, and (ii) the presence of a diversion around the natural stream bed. This resulted in nine tier-1 MOPs representing a continuum of operations from strictly peaking, to reregulating, to run-of-river, and two tier-2 MOPs, representing diversion and integral dam-powerhouse configurations. Although MOPs differed in physical characteristics and energy production, classification trees had low accuracies ( less than or equal to 62%), which suggested that accurate evaluations of MOPs may require individual attention. MOPs and dam storage explained 20% of the variation in downstream subdaily flow characteristics and showed consistent alterations in subdaily flow patterns from reference streams. This standardized classification scheme is important for future research including estimating reservoir operations for large-scale hydrologic models and evaluating project economics, environmental impacts, and mitigation. JF - River Research and Applications AU - McManamay, R A AU - Oigbokie, C O AU - Kao, S-C AU - Bevelhimer AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 1450 EP - 1468 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 1535-1459, 1535-1459 KW - Environment Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Classification systems KW - Reservoir KW - Trees KW - Hydroelectric Plants KW - Freshwater KW - Classification KW - Economics KW - Rivers KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Environmental impact KW - River discharge KW - Firing pattern KW - Storage KW - Stream KW - Standards KW - Environment management KW - Internet KW - Mitigation KW - Streams KW - Models KW - Powerplants KW - Dams KW - Power plants KW - Regulations KW - Downstream KW - Physical characteristics KW - Data processing KW - Energy KW - Diversion KW - Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript protein KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - SW 6010:Structures KW - Q2 09105:Research programmes and expeditions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827907307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=River+Research+and+Applications&rft.atitle=Classification+of+US+Hydropower+Dams+by+their+Modes+of+Operation&rft.au=McManamay%2C+R+A%3BOigbokie%2C+C+O%3BKao%2C+S-C%3BBevelhimer&rft.aulast=McManamay&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=River+Research+and+Applications&rft.issn=15351459&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frra.3004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Classification systems; Reservoir; Classification; Dams; Stream; Power plants; River discharge; Environmental impact; Environment management; Rivers; Physical characteristics; Data processing; Streams; Firing pattern; Models; Economics; Internet; Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript protein; Mitigation; Hydroelectric power; Storage; Energy; Downstream; Standards; Powerplants; Trees; Hydroelectric Plants; Regulations; Diversion; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.3004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large dielectric constant, high acceptor density, and deep electron traps in perovskite solar cell material CsGeI3 AN - 1827887230; PQ0003684488 AB - Many metal halides that contain cations with the ns2 electronic configuration have recently been discovered as high-performance optoelectronic materials. In particular, solar cells based on lead halide perovskites have shown great promise as evidenced by the rapid increase of the power conversion efficiency. In this paper, we show density functional theory calculations of electronic structure and dielectric and defect properties of CsGeI3 (a lead-free halide perovskite material). The potential of CsGeI3 as a solar cell material is assessed based on its intrinsic properties. We find anomalously large Born effective charges and a large static dielectric constant dominated by lattice polarization, which should reduce carrier scattering, trapping, and recombination by screening charged defects and impurities. Defect calculations show that CsGeI3 is a p-type semiconductor and its hole density can be modified by varying the chemical potentials of the constituent elements. Despite the reduction of long-range Coulomb attraction by strong screening, the iodine vacancy in CsGeI3 is found to be a deep electron trap due to the short-range potential, i.e., strong Ge-Ge covalent bonding, which should limit electron transport efficiency in p-type CsGeI3. This is in contrast to the shallow iodine vacancies found in several Pb and Sn halide perovskites (e.g., CH3NH3PbI3, CH3NH3SnI3, and CsSnI3). The low-hole-density CsGeI3 may be a useful solar absorber material but the presence of the low-energy deep iodine vacancy may significantly reduce the open circuit voltage of the solar cell. On the other hand, CsGeI3 may be used as an efficient hole transport material in solar cells due to its small hole effective mass, the absence of low-energy deep hole traps, and the favorable band offset with solar absorber materials such as dye molecules and CH3NH3PbI3. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Ming, Wenmei AU - Shi, Hongliang AU - Du, Mao-Hua AD - Materials Science & Technology Division and Center for Radiation Detection Materials and Systems; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 13852 EP - 13858 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 4 IS - 36 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Metals KW - Cations KW - Solar cells KW - Energy KW - Iodine KW - Polarization KW - Halides KW - Sustainability KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827887230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Large+dielectric+constant%2C+high+acceptor+density%2C+and+deep+electron+traps+in+perovskite+solar+cell+material+CsGeI3&rft.au=Ming%2C+Wenmei%3BShi%2C+Hongliang%3BDu%2C+Mao-Hua&rft.aulast=Ming&rft.aufirst=Wenmei&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=36&rft.spage=13852&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6ta04685a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Cations; Energy; Solar cells; Iodine; Polarization; Halides; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta04685a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollutant emissions and environmental assessment of ethyl 3-ethoxybutyrate, a potential renewable fuel AN - 1827880858; PQ0003691038 AB - Renewable and bio-based transportation fuel sources can lower the life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles. We present an initial assessment of ethyl 3-ethoxybutyrate (EEB) as a biofuel in terms of its performance as a fuel oxygenate and its persistence in the environment. EEB can be produced from ethanol and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, a bacterial storage polymer that can be produced from non-food biomass and other organic feedstocks. Physicochemical properties of EEB and fuel-relevant properties of EEB-gasoline blends were measured, emissions of criteria pollutants from EEB as a gasoline additive in a production vehicle were evaluated, and fate and persistence of EEB in the environment were estimated. EEB solubility in water was 25.8 g/L, its K sub(ow) was 1.8, and its Henry's Law constant was 1.04 10 super(-5) atm-m super(3)/mole. The anti-knock index values for 5 and 20 % v/v EEB-gasoline blends were 91.6 and 91.9, respectively. Reductions in fuel economy were consistent with the level of oxygenation, and criteria emissions were met by the vehicle operated over the urban dynamometer driving cycle (FTP 75). Predicted environmental persistence ranged from 15 to 30 days which indicates that EEB is not likely to be a persistent organic pollutant. In combination, these results suggest a high potential for the use of EEB as a renewable fuel source. JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research International AU - Storey, John ME AU - Bunce, Michael P AU - Clarke, Edwina M AU - Edmonds, Jennifer W AU - Findlay, Robert H AU - Ritchie, Stephen MC AU - Eyers, Laurent AU - McMurry, Zackery A AU - Smoot, James C AD - Fuels, Engines, and Emissions Research Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, jc_smoot@yahoo.com Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 18575 EP - 18584 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 23 IS - 18 SN - 0944-1344, 0944-1344 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Gasoline KW - Fuels KW - Transportation KW - Pollutants KW - Emissions KW - Fuel economy KW - Ethanol KW - Solubility KW - Environmental assessment KW - Polyhydroxybutyric acid KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Oxygenation KW - Pollution research KW - Biomass KW - Water pollution KW - Greenhouses KW - Air pollution KW - Renewable energy KW - Polymers KW - Additives KW - Biofuels KW - D 04070:Pollution KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827880858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Research+International&rft.atitle=Pollutant+emissions+and+environmental+assessment+of+ethyl+3-ethoxybutyrate%2C+a+potential+renewable+fuel&rft.au=Storey%2C+John+ME%3BBunce%2C+Michael+P%3BClarke%2C+Edwina+M%3BEdmonds%2C+Jennifer+W%3BFindlay%2C+Robert+H%3BRitchie%2C+Stephen+MC%3BEyers%2C+Laurent%3BMcMurry%2C+Zackery+A%3BSmoot%2C+James+C&rft.aulast=Storey&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=18575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Research+International&rft.issn=09441344&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11356-016-7052-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Solubility; Pollutants; Polyhydroxybutyric acid; Gasoline; Fuels; Physicochemical properties; Pollution research; Biomass; Biofuels; Ethanol; Greenhouses; Environmental assessment; Oxygenation; Water pollution; Air pollution; Transportation; Renewable energy; Emissions; Polymers; Additives; Fuel economy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7052-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Performance Characteristics of Bio-Inspired Metal Nanostructures as Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattered (SERS) Substrates. AN - 1820597860; 27566257 AB - The fabrication of high-performance plasmonic nanomaterials for bio-sensing and trace chemical detection is a field of intense theoretical and experimental research. The use of metal-silicon nanopillar arrays as analytical sensors has been reported with reasonable results in recent years. The use of bio-inspired nanocomposite structures that follow the Fibonacci numerical architecture offers the opportunity to develop nanostructures with theoretically higher and more reproducible plasmonic fields over extended areas. The work presented here describes the nanofabrication process for a series of 40 µm × 40 µm bio-inspired arrays classified as asymmetric fractals (sunflower seeds and romanesco broccoli), bilaterally symmetric (acacia leaves and honeycombs), and radially symmetric (such as orchids and lily flowers) using electron beam lithography. In addition, analytical capabilities were evaluated using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The substrate characterization and SERS performance of the developed substrates as the strategies to assess the design performance are presented and discussed. JF - Applied spectroscopy AU - Areizaga-Martinez, Hector I AU - Kravchenko, Ivan AU - Lavrik, Nickolay V AU - Sepaniak, Michael J AU - Hernández-Rivera, Samuel P AU - De Jesús, Marco A AD - Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico. ; Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA. ; Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, USA. ; Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico marco.dejesus@upr.edu. Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 1432 EP - 1445 VL - 70 IS - 9 KW - Index Medicus KW - lithography KW - surface-enhanced spectroscopy KW - Bio-inspired nanostructures KW - Fibonacci sequence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1820597860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+spectroscopy&rft.atitle=Performance+Characteristics+of+Bio-Inspired+Metal+Nanostructures+as+Surface-Enhanced+Raman+Scattered+%28SERS%29+Substrates.&rft.au=Areizaga-Martinez%2C+Hector+I%3BKravchenko%2C+Ivan%3BLavrik%2C+Nickolay+V%3BSepaniak%2C+Michael+J%3BHern%C3%A1ndez-Rivera%2C+Samuel+P%3BDe+Jes%C3%BAs%2C+Marco+A&rft.aulast=Areizaga-Martinez&rft.aufirst=Hector&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1432&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+spectroscopy&rft.issn=1943-3530&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0003702816662596 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702816662596 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Manufacturing demonstration of microbially mediated zinc sulfide nanoparticles in pilot-plant scale reactors AN - 1815702019; PQ0003594240 AB - The thermophilic anaerobic metal-reducing bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp. X513 efficiently produces zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanoparticles (NPs) in laboratory-scale ( less than or equal to 24-L) reactors. To determine whether this process can be up-scaled and adapted for pilot-plant production while maintaining NP yield and quality, a series of pilot-plant scale experiments were performed using 100-L and 900-L reactors. Pasteurization and N sub(2)-sparging replaced autoclaving and boiling for deoxygenating media in the transition from small-scale to pilot plant reactors. Consecutive 100-L batches using new or recycled media produced ZnS NPs with highly reproducible ~2-nm average crystallite size (ACS) and yields of ~0.5 g L super(-1), similar to the small-scale batches. The 900-L pilot plant reactor produced ~320 g ZnS without process optimization or replacement of used medium; this quantity would be sufficient to form a ZnS thin film with ~120 nm thickness over 0.5 m width 13 km length. At all scales, the bacteria produced significant amounts of acetic, lactic, and formic acids, which could be neutralized by the controlled addition of sodium hydroxide without the use of an organic pH buffer, eliminating 98 % of the buffer chemical costs. The final NP products were characterized using XRD, ICP-OES, TEM, FTIR, PL, DLS, HPLC, and C/N analyses, which confirmed that the growth medium without organic buffer enhanced the ZnS NP properties by reducing carbon and nitrogen surface coatings and supporting better dispersivity with similar ACS. JF - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Moon, Ji-Won AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Fitzgerald, Curtis L, Jr AU - Lind, Randall F AU - Elkins, James G AU - Jang, Gyoung Gug AU - Joshi, Pooran C AU - Kidder, Michelle AU - Armstrong, Beth L AU - Watkins, Thomas R AU - Ivanov, Ilia N AU - Graham, David E AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, moonj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 7921 EP - 7931 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 100 IS - 18 SN - 0175-7598, 0175-7598 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - High-performance liquid chromatography KW - zinc sulfide KW - Thermophilic bacteria KW - Thermoanaerobacter KW - Crystals KW - Pasteurization KW - Sodium hydroxide KW - Carbon KW - Formic acid KW - Boiling KW - Bioreactors KW - pH effects KW - nanoparticles KW - FliM protein KW - Coatings KW - Nitrogen KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815702019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Manufacturing+demonstration+of+microbially+mediated+zinc+sulfide+nanoparticles+in+pilot-plant+scale+reactors&rft.au=Moon%2C+Ji-Won%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BFitzgerald%2C+Curtis+L%2C+Jr%3BLind%2C+Randall+F%3BElkins%2C+James+G%3BJang%2C+Gyoung+Gug%3BJoshi%2C+Pooran+C%3BKidder%2C+Michelle%3BArmstrong%2C+Beth+L%3BWatkins%2C+Thomas+R%3BIvanov%2C+Ilia+N%3BGraham%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Moon&rft.aufirst=Ji-Won&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=7921&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01757598&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00253-016-7556-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - High-performance liquid chromatography; zinc sulfide; Thermophilic bacteria; Crystals; Pasteurization; Sodium hydroxide; Formic acid; Carbon; Boiling; Bioreactors; nanoparticles; pH effects; FliM protein; Nitrogen; Coatings; Thermoanaerobacter DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-016-7556-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural diversity of xylans in the cell walls of monocots AN - 1815697775; PQ0003592300 AB - Xylans in the cell walls of monocots are structurally diverse. Arabinofuranose-containing glucuronoxylans are characteristic of commelinids. However, other structural features are not correlated with the major transitions in monocot evolution. Most studies of xylan structure in monocot cell walls have emphasized members of the Poaceae (grasses). Thus, there is a paucity of information regarding xylan structure in other commelinid and in non-commelinid monocot walls. Here, we describe the major structural features of the xylans produced by plants selected from ten of the twelve monocot orders. Glucuronoxylans comparable to eudicot secondary wall glucuronoxylans are abundant in non-commelinid walls. However, the alpha -d-glucuronic acid/4-O-methyl- alpha -d-glucuronic acid is often substituted at O-2 by an alpha -l-arabinopyranose residue in Alismatales and Asparagales glucuronoxylans. Glucuronoarabinoxylans were the only xylans detected in the cell walls of five different members of the Poaceae family (grasses). By contrast, both glucuronoxylan and glucuronoarabinoxylan are formed by the Zingiberales and Commelinales (commelinids). At least one species of each monocot order, including the Poales, forms xylan with the reducing end sequence -4)- beta -d-Xylp-(1,3)- alpha -l-Rhap-(1,2)- alpha -d-GalpA-(1,4)-d- Xyl first identified in eudicot and gymnosperm glucuronoxylans. This sequence was not discernible in the arabinopyranose-containing glucuronoxylans of the Alismatales and Asparagales or the glucuronoarabinoxylans of the Poaceae. Rather, our data provide additional evidence that in Poaceae glucuronoarabinoxylan, the reducing end xylose residue is often substituted at O-2 with 4-O-methyl glucuronic acid or at O-3 with arabinofuranose. The variations in xylan structure and their implications for the evolution and biosynthesis of monocot cell walls are discussed. JF - Planta AU - Pena, Maria J AU - Kulkarni, Ameya R AU - Backe, Jason AU - Boyd, Michael AU - O'Neill, Malcolm A AU - York, William S AD - Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and US Department of Energy Bioenergy Science Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA, will@ccrc.uga.edu Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 589 EP - 606 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 244 IS - 3 SN - 0032-0935, 0032-0935 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Commelinales KW - Xylose KW - Data processing KW - Xylan KW - Grasses KW - Alismatales KW - Poaceae KW - Zingiberales KW - Gymnosperms KW - Evolution KW - Cell walls KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815697775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Planta&rft.atitle=Structural+diversity+of+xylans+in+the+cell+walls+of+monocots&rft.au=Pena%2C+Maria+J%3BKulkarni%2C+Ameya+R%3BBacke%2C+Jason%3BBoyd%2C+Michael%3BO%27Neill%2C+Malcolm+A%3BYork%2C+William+S&rft.aulast=Pena&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=244&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Planta&rft.issn=00320935&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00425-016-2527-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Xylose; Grasses; Xylan; Gymnosperms; Evolution; Cell walls; Commelinales; Zingiberales; Poaceae; Alismatales DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00425-016-2527-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pb, Cu, and Zn distributions at humic acid-coated metal oxide surfaces AN - 1815667703; 2016-076503 AB - Mineral surfaces are often coated by natural organic matter (NOM), which has a major influence on metal-ion sorption and sequestration because of the abundance of binding sites in such coatings and the changes they cause in local nanoscale environments. The effects of NOM coatings on mineral surfaces are, however, still poorly understood at the molecular level due to the complexity of these systems. In this study, we have applied long-period X-ray standing wave-fluorescence yield (LP-XSW-FY) spectroscopy to measure the partitioning of naturally present Cu(II) (0.0226%), Zn(II) (0.009%), and Pb(II) ( approximately 0.0004%) between Elliott Soil Humic Acid (ESHA) coatings and three model single-crystal metal-oxide substrates: alpha -Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) (0 0 0 1), alpha -Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) (1 -1 0 2), and alpha -Fe (sub 2) O (sub 3) (0 0 0 1). The competitive sorption effects among these metal ions for binding sites in the ESHA coatings and on the metal-oxide surfaces were investigated as a function of reaction time, calcium content, and solution pH. Pb(II) ions present in the ESHA coatings were found to redistribute to reactive alpha -Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) (1 -1 0 2) and alpha -Fe (sub 2) O (sub 3) (0 0 0 1) surfaces after 3 h of reaction (pH = 6.0, [Ca(II)] = 2 mM). Pb(II) partitioning onto these reactive metal-oxide surfaces increased with increasing reaction time (up to 7 d). In addition, the partitioning of Cu(II) and Zn(II) from the ESHA coating to the alpha -Fe (sub 2) O (sub 3) (0 0 0 1) substrate increased slightly with reaction time (2.4% and 3.7% for Cu(II) and Zn(II), respectively, after 3 h and 6.4% and 7.7% for Cu(II) and Zn(II), respectively, after 72 h of reaction time). However, no changes in the partitioning of Cu(II) and Zn(II) onto the alpha -Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) (1 -1 0 2) surface were observed with increasing reaction time, suggesting that these ions strongly complex with functional groups in the ESHA coatings. Similar results were obtained for Cu(II) and Zn(II) on the ESHA-coated alpha -Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) (1 -1 0 2) surfaces in samples without the addition of calcium. However, the amounts of Pb(II) mobilized from the ESHA coatings onto the alpha -Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) (1 -1 0 2) surfaces increased from 40% (no added Ca) to 58% (with 2 mM Ca) after 72 h of reaction time, possibly due to displacement of Pb(II) by Ca(II) from binding sites in the ESHA coatings. In contrast, Pb(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) present in the ESHA coatings were found to be unreactive with the alpha -Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) (0 0 0 1) surface. The observed reactivities of the three ESHA-coated metal-oxide surfaces with respect to metal-ion sorption are consistent with the trend observed for the uncoated metal-oxide surfaces: alpha -Fe (sub 2) O (sub 3) (0 0 0 1) > alpha -Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) (1 -1 0 2) > alpha -Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) (0 0 0 1). In addition, Pb(II) partitioning onto alpha -Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) (1 -1 0 2) surfaces increased with increasing pH from 4.0 to 9.0 as a result of the increasingly negative surface charge. These results show that intrinsic properties (nature of binding sites, binding affinities, and surface charge) of the ESHA coatings and metal-oxide surfaces, as well as external parameters such as pH and competing ions, are key factors governing the distribution and speciation of metal ions at complex NOM/mineral interfaces. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Wang, Yingge AU - Michel, F Marc AU - Choi, Yongseong AU - Eng, Peter J AU - Levard, Clement AU - Siebner, Hagar AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Bargar, John R AU - Brown, Gordon E, Jr Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 407 EP - 423 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 188 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - zinc KW - copper KW - mass spectra KW - lead KW - humic acids KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - partitioning KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - single-crystal method KW - chemical reactions KW - aluminum oxides KW - hematite KW - metals KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - coatings KW - crystal chemistry KW - chemical composition KW - pH KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815667703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Pb%2C+Cu%2C+and+Zn+distributions+at+humic+acid-coated+metal+oxide+surfaces&rft.au=Wang%2C+Yingge%3BMichel%2C+F+Marc%3BChoi%2C+Yongseong%3BEng%2C+Peter+J%3BLevard%2C+Clement%3BSiebner%2C+Hagar%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BBargar%2C+John+R%3BBrown%2C+Gordon+E%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Yingge&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=188&rft.issue=&rft.spage=407&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.05.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 77 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum oxides; chemical composition; chemical reactions; coatings; copper; crystal chemistry; hematite; humic acids; humic substances; ICP mass spectra; lead; mass spectra; metals; models; organic acids; organic compounds; oxides; partitioning; pH; single-crystal method; spectra; X-ray fluorescence spectra; zinc DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.05.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organizing Environmental Flow Frameworks to Meet Hydropower Mitigation Needs AN - 1811876010; PQ0003553635 AB - The global recognition of the importance of natural flow regimes to sustain the ecological integrity of river systems has led to increased societal pressure on the hydropower industry to change plant operations to improve downstream aquatic ecosystems. However, a complete reinstatement of natural flow regimes is often unrealistic when balancing water needs for ecosystems, energy production, and other human uses. Thus, stakeholders must identify a prioritized subset of flow prescriptions that meet ecological objectives in light of realistic constraints. Yet, isolating aspects of flow regimes to restore downstream of hydropower facilities is among the greatest challenges of environmental flow science due, in part, to the sheer volume of available environmental flow tools in conjunction with complex negotiation-based regulatory procedures. Herein, we propose an organizational framework that structures information and existing flow paradigms into a staged process that assists stakeholders in implementing environmental flows for hydropower facilities. The framework identifies areas where regulations fall short of the needed scientific process, and provide suggestions for stakeholders to ameliorate those situations through advanced preparation. We highlight the strengths of existing flow paradigms in their application to hydropower settings and suggest when and where tools are most applicable. Our suggested framework increases the effectiveness and efficiency of the e-flow implementation process by rapidly establishing a knowledge base and decreasing uncertainty so more time can be devoted to filling knowledge gaps. Lastly, the framework provides the structure for a coordinated research agenda to further the science of environmental flows related to hydropower environments. JF - Environmental Management AU - McManamay, Ryan A AU - Brewer, Shannon K AU - Jager, Henriette I AU - Troia, Matthew J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, MS-6351, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6351, USA, mcmanamayra@ornl.gov Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 365 EP - 385 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 58 IS - 3 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Rivers KW - Stakeholders KW - Mitigation KW - Ecosystems KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Aquatic plants KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - Reinstatement KW - Energy KW - Downstream KW - Pressure KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811876010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Organizing+Environmental+Flow+Frameworks+to+Meet+Hydropower+Mitigation+Needs&rft.au=McManamay%2C+Ryan+A%3BBrewer%2C+Shannon+K%3BJager%2C+Henriette+I%3BTroia%2C+Matthew+J&rft.aulast=McManamay&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-016-0726-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 91 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Aquatic plants; Pressure; Aquatic ecosystems; Reinstatement; Stakeholders; Mitigation; Ecosystems; Energy; Hydroelectric power; Downstream DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-016-0726-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perturbation of bacteriochlorophyll molecules in Fenna-Matthews-Olson protein complexes through mutagenesis of cysteine residues. AN - 1808379864; 27114180 AB - The Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) pigment-protein complex in green sulfur bacteria transfers excitation energy from the chlorosome antenna complex to the reaction center. In understanding energy transfer in the FMO protein, the individual contributions of the bacteriochlorophyll pigments to the FMO complex's absorption spectrum could provide detailed information with which molecular and energetic models can be constructed. The absorption properties of the pigments, however, are such that their spectra overlap significantly. To overcome this, we used site-directed mutagenesis to construct a series of mutant FMO complexes in the model green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum tepidum (formerly Chlorobium tepidum). Two cysteines at positions 49 and 353 in the C. tepidum FMO complex, which reside near hydrogen bonds between BChls 2 and 3, and their amino acid binding partner serine 73 and tyrosine 15, respectively, were changed to alanine residues. The resulting C49A, C353A, and C49A C353A double mutants were analyzed with a combination of optical absorption and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies. Our results revealed changes in the absorption properties of several underlying spectral components in the FMO complex, as well as the redox behavior of the complex in response to the reductant sodium dithionite. A high-resolution X-ray structure of the C49A C353A double mutant reveals that these spectral changes appear to be independent of any major structural rearrangements in the FMO mutants. Our findings provide important tests for theoretical calculations of the C. tepidum FMO absorption spectrum, and additionally highlight a possible role for cysteine residues in the redox activity of the pigment-protein complex. JF - Biochimica et biophysica acta AU - Saer, Rafael AU - Orf, Gregory S AU - Lu, Xun AU - Zhang, Hao AU - Cuneo, Matthew J AU - Myles, Dean A A AU - Blankenship, Robert E AD - Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis. 1, Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States; Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis 1, Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States. ; Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis. 1, Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States. ; Biology and Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States. ; Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis. 1, Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States; Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis 1, Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States. ; Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis. 1, Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States; Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis. 1, Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States; Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis 1, Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States. Electronic address: blankenship@wustl.edu. Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 1455 EP - 1463 VL - 1857 IS - 9 SN - 0006-3002, 0006-3002 KW - Index Medicus KW - Exciton KW - Photosynthesis KW - Energy transfer KW - Fenna–Matthews–Olson KW - Bacteriochlorophyll KW - Spectroscopy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808379864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochimica+et+biophysica+acta&rft.atitle=Perturbation+of+bacteriochlorophyll+molecules+in+Fenna-Matthews-Olson+protein+complexes+through+mutagenesis+of+cysteine+residues.&rft.au=Saer%2C+Rafael%3BOrf%2C+Gregory+S%3BLu%2C+Xun%3BZhang%2C+Hao%3BCuneo%2C+Matthew+J%3BMyles%2C+Dean+A+A%3BBlankenship%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Saer&rft.aufirst=Rafael&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=1857&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochimica+et+biophysica+acta&rft.issn=00063002&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bbabio.2016.04.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-07-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.04.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct-write liquid phase transformations with a scanning transmission electron microscope. AN - 1814656461; 27510435 AB - The highly energetic electron beam (e-beam) in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) can induce local changes in the state of matter, ranging from knock-on and atomic movement, to amorphization/crystallization, and to localized chemical/electrochemical reactions. To date, fundamental studies of e-beam induced phenomena and practical applications have been limited by conventional STEM e-beam rastering modes that allow only for uniform e-beam exposures. Here, an automated liquid phase nanolithography method has been developed that enables the direct writing of nanometer scaled features within microfabricated liquid cells. An external e-beam control system, connected to the scan coils of an aberration-corrected STEM, is used to precisely control the position, dwell time, and scan rate of a sub-nanometer STEM probe. Site-specific locations in a sealed liquid cell containing an aqueous solution of H2PdCl4 are irradiated to deposit palladium nanocrystals onto silicon nitride membranes in a highly controlled manner. The threshold electron dose required for the radiolytic deposition of metallic palladium has been determined, the influence of electron dose on the nanolithographically patterned feature size and morphology is explored, and a feedback-controlled monitoring method for active control of the nanofabricated structures through STEM detector signal monitoring is proposed. This approach enables fundamental studies of electron beam induced interactions with matter in liquid cells and opens new pathways to fabricate nanostructures with tailored architectures and chemistries via shape-controlled nanolithographic patterning from liquid-phase precursors. JF - Nanoscale AU - Unocic, Raymond R AU - Lupini, Andrew R AU - Borisevich, Albina Y AU - Cullen, David A AU - Kalinin, Sergei V AU - Jesse, Stephen AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. unocicrr@ornl.gov sjesse@ornl.gov and Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge TN, 37831, USA. ; Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge TN, 37831, USA and Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. ; Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge TN, 37831, USA. Y1 - 2016/08/25/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Aug 25 SP - 15581 EP - 15588 VL - 8 IS - 34 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1814656461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanoscale&rft.atitle=Direct-write+liquid+phase+transformations+with+a+scanning+transmission+electron+microscope.&rft.au=Unocic%2C+Raymond+R%3BLupini%2C+Andrew+R%3BBorisevich%2C+Albina+Y%3BCullen%2C+David+A%3BKalinin%2C+Sergei+V%3BJesse%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Unocic&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=2016-08-25&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=34&rft.spage=15581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanoscale&rft.issn=2040-3372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6nr04994j LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-08-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6nr04994j ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tunable magnetism in metal adsorbed fluorinated nanoporous graphene. AN - 1814144267; 27554975 AB - Developing nanostructures with tunable magnetic states is crucial for designing novel data storage and quantum information devices. Using density functional theory, we investigate the thermodynamic stability and magnetic properties of tungsten adsorbed tri-vacancy fluorinated (TVF) graphene. We demonstrate a strong structure-property relationship and its response to external stimuli via defect engineering in graphene-based materials. Complex interplay between defect states and the chemisorbed atom results in a large magnetic moment of 7 μB along with high in-plane magneto-crystalline anisotropy energy (MAE) of 17 meV. Under the influence of electric field, spin crossover effect accompanied by a change in the MAE is observed. The ascribed change in spin-configuration is caused by the modification of exchange coupling between defect states and a change in the occupation of d-orbitals of the metal complex. Our predictions open a promising way towards controlling the magnetic properties in graphene based spintronic and non-volatile memory devices. JF - Scientific reports AU - Kumar, Pankaj AU - Sharma, Vinit AU - Reboredo, Fernando A AU - Yang, Li-Ming AU - Pushpa, Raghani AD - Department of Physics, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA. ; Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. ; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China. Y1 - 2016/08/24/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Aug 24 SP - 31841 VL - 6 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1814144267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Tunable+magnetism+in+metal+adsorbed+fluorinated+nanoporous+graphene.&rft.au=Kumar%2C+Pankaj%3BSharma%2C+Vinit%3BReboredo%2C+Fernando+A%3BYang%2C+Li-Ming%3BPushpa%2C+Raghani&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Pankaj&rft.date=2016-08-24&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31841&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep31841 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-08-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep31841 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamic Control of Two-Dimensional Molecular Ionic Nanostructures on Metal Surfaces. AN - 1813899874; 27458890 AB - Bulk molecular ionic solids exhibit fascinating electronic properties, including electron correlations, phase transitions, and superconducting ground states. In contrast, few of these phenomena have been observed in low-dimensional molecular structures, including thin films, nanoparticles, and molecular blends, not in the least because most of such structures have been composed of nearly closed-shell molecules. It is therefore desirable to develop low-dimensional ionic molecular structures that can capture potential applications. Here, we present detailed analysis of monolayer-thick structures of the canonical TTF-TCNQ (tetrathiafulvalene 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane) system grown on low-index gold and silver surfaces. The most distinctive property of the epitaxial growth is the wide abundance of stable TTF/TCNQ ratios, in sharp contrast to the predominance of a 1:1 ratio in the bulk. We propose the existence of the surface phase diagram that controls the structures of TTF-TCNQ on the surfaces and demonstrate phase transitions that occur upon progressively increasing the density of TCNQ while keeping the surface coverage of TTF fixed. Based on direct observations, we propose the binding motif behind the stable phases and infer the dominant interactions that enable the existence of the rich spectrum of surface structures. Finally, we also show that the surface phase diagram will control the epitaxy beyond monolayer coverage. Multiplicity of stable surface structures, the corollary rich phase diagram, and the corresponding phase transitions present an interesting opportunity for low-dimensional molecular systems, particularly if some of the electronic properties of the bulk can be preserved or modified in the surface phases. JF - ACS nano AU - Jeon, Seokmin AU - Doak, Peter W AU - Sumpter, Bobby G AU - Ganesh, Panchapakesan AU - Maksymovych, Petro AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and ‡Computer Science & Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. Y1 - 2016/08/23/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Aug 23 SP - 7821 EP - 7829 VL - 10 IS - 8 KW - Index Medicus KW - self-assembly KW - phase diagram KW - electrostatics KW - scanning tunneling microscopy KW - molecular ion KW - density functional theory KW - charge transfer complex UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1813899874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=Thermodynamic+Control+of+Two-Dimensional+Molecular+Ionic+Nanostructures+on+Metal+Surfaces.&rft.au=Jeon%2C+Seokmin%3BDoak%2C+Peter+W%3BSumpter%2C+Bobby+G%3BGanesh%2C+Panchapakesan%3BMaksymovych%2C+Petro&rft.aulast=Jeon&rft.aufirst=Seokmin&rft.date=2016-08-23&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=7821&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facsnano.6b03492 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b03492 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactions among hydraulic conductivity distributions, subsurface topography, and transport thresholds revealed by a multitracer hillslope irrigation experiment AN - 1855316193; 2017-001041 AB - Interactions among hydraulic conductivity distributions, subsurface topography, and lateral flow are poorly understood. We applied 407 mm of water and a suite of tracers over 51 h to a 12 by 16.5 m forested hillslope segment to determine interflow thresholds, preferential pathway pore velocities, large-scale conductivities, the time series of event water fractions, and the fate of dissolved nutrients. The 12% hillslope featured loamy sand A and E horizons overlying a sandy clay loam Bt at 1.25 m average depth. Interflow measured from two drains within an interception trench commenced after 131 and 208 mm of irrigation. Cumulative interflow equaled 49% of applied water. Conservative tracer differences between the collection drains indicated differences in flow paths and storages within the plot. Event water fractions rose steadily throughout irrigation, peaking at 50% sixteen h after irrigation ceased. Data implied that tightly held water exchanged with event water throughout the experiment and a substantial portion of preevent water was released from the argillic layer. Surface-applied dye tracers bypassed the matrix, with peak concentrations measured shortly after flow commencement, indicating preferential network conductivities of 864-2240 mm/h, yet no macropore flow was observed. Near steady-state flow conditions indicated average conductivities of 460 mm/h and 2.5 mm/h for topsoils and the Bt horizon, respectively. Low ammonium and phosphorus concentrations in the interflow suggested rapid uptake or sorption, while higher nitrate concentrations suggested more conservative transport. These results reveal how hydraulic conductivity variation and subsurface topographic complexity explain otherwise paradoxical solute and flow behaviors. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Jackson, C Rhett AU - Du, Enhao AU - Klaus, Julian AU - Griffiths, Natalie A AU - Bitew, Menberu AU - McDonnell, Jeffrey J Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 6186 EP - 6206 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 52 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - South Carolina KW - slopes KW - watersheds KW - Appalachians KW - Aiken County South Carolina KW - Fourmile Creek KW - preferential flow KW - irrigation KW - ground water KW - topography KW - transport KW - tracers KW - nitrate ion KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - North America KW - steady flow KW - solutes KW - loam KW - steady-state processes KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Piedmont KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855316193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Interactions+among+hydraulic+conductivity+distributions%2C+subsurface+topography%2C+and+transport+thresholds+revealed+by+a+multitracer+hillslope+irrigation+experiment&rft.au=Jackson%2C+C+Rhett%3BDu%2C+Enhao%3BKlaus%2C+Julian%3BGriffiths%2C+Natalie+A%3BBitew%2C+Menberu%3BMcDonnell%2C+Jeffrey+J&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=6186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR018364 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aiken County South Carolina; Appalachians; Atlantic Coastal Plain; Fourmile Creek; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; irrigation; loam; nitrate ion; North America; Piedmont; preferential flow; slopes; soils; solute transport; solutes; South Carolina; steady flow; steady-state processes; topography; tracers; transport; United States; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018364 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Limitations in current acetylcholinesterase structure-based design of oxime antidotes for organophosphate poisoning AN - 1837292983; PQ0003747295 AB - Acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7), an essential enzyme of cholinergic neurotransmission in vertebrates, is a primary target in acute nerve agent and organophosphate (OP) pesticide intoxication. Catalytically inactive OP-AChE conjugates formed between the active-center serine and phosphorus of OPs can, in principle, be reactivated by nucleophilic oxime antidotes. Antidote efficacy is limited by the structural diversity of OP-AChE conjugates resulting from differences in the structure of the conjugated OP, the different active-center volumes they occupy when conjugated to the active-center serine of AChE, and the distinct chemical characteristics of both OPs and oximes documented in numerous X-ray structures of OP-conjugated AChEs. Efforts to improve oxime reactivation efficacy by AChE structure-based enhancement of oxime structure have yielded only limited success. We outline here the potential limitations of available AChE X-ray structures that preclude an accurate prediction of oxime structures, which are necessary for association in the OP-AChE gorge and nucleophilic attack of the OP-conjugated phosphorus. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Kovalevsky, Andrey AU - Blumenthal, Donald K AU - Cheng, Xiaolin AU - Taylor, Palmer AU - Radic, Zoran AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 41 EP - 49 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 1378 IS - 1 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Intoxication KW - Organophosphates KW - Pesticides KW - Phosphorus KW - Poisoning KW - Enzymes KW - Design KW - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1837292983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Limitations+in+current+acetylcholinesterase+structure-based+design+of+oxime+antidotes+for+organophosphate+poisoning&rft.au=Kovalevsky%2C+Andrey%3BBlumenthal%2C+Donald+K%3BCheng%2C+Xiaolin%3BTaylor%2C+Palmer%3BRadic%2C+Zoran&rft.aulast=Kovalevsky&rft.aufirst=Andrey&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=1378&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fnyas.13128 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Intoxication; Prediction; Organophosphates; Pesticides; Poisoning; Phosphorus; Enzymes; Design DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13128 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional hydrologic response to climate change in the conterminous United States using high-resolution hydroclimate simulations AN - 1832729639; 2016-089910 AB - Despite the fact that Global Climate Model (GCM) outputs have been used to project hydrologic impacts of climate change using off-line hydrologic models for two decades, many of these efforts have been disjointed - applications or at least calibrations have been focused on individual river basins and using a few of the available GCMs. This study improves upon earlier attempts by systematically projecting hydrologic impacts for the entire conterminous United States (US), using outputs from ten GCMs from the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) archive, with seamless hydrologic model calibration and validation techniques to produce a spatially and temporally consistent set of current hydrologic projections. The Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model was forced with ten-member ensemble projections of precipitation and air temperature that were dynamically downscaled using a regional climate model (RegCM4) and bias-corrected to 1/24 degrees ( approximately 4 km) grid resolution for the baseline (1966-2005) and future (2011-2050) periods under the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5. Based on regional analysis, the VIC model projections indicate an increase in winter and spring total runoff due to increases in winter precipitation of up to 20% in most regions of the US. However, decreases in snow water equivalent (SWE) and snow-covered days will lead to significant decreases in summer runoff with more pronounced shifts in the time of occurrence of annual peak runoff projected over the eastern and western US. In contrast, the central US will experience year-round increases in total runoff, mostly associated with increases in both extreme high and low runoff. The projected hydrological changes described in this study have implications for various aspects of future water resource management, including water supply, flood and drought preparation, and reservoir operation. JF - Global and Planetary Change AU - Naz, Bibi S AU - Kao, Shih-Chieh AU - Ashfaq, Moetasim AU - Rastogi, Deeksha AU - Mei, Rui AU - Bowling, Laura C Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 100 EP - 117 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 143 SN - 0921-8181, 0921-8181 KW - United States KW - water supply KW - rainfall KW - water management KW - simulation KW - climate change KW - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project KW - models KW - hydrologic cycle KW - infiltration KW - runoff KW - variable infiltration capacity KW - seasonal variations KW - global climate model KW - water resources KW - climate KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832729639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+and+Planetary+Change&rft.atitle=Regional+hydrologic+response+to+climate+change+in+the+conterminous+United+States+using+high-resolution+hydroclimate+simulations&rft.au=Naz%2C+Bibi+S%3BKao%2C+Shih-Chieh%3BAshfaq%2C+Moetasim%3BRastogi%2C+Deeksha%3BMei%2C+Rui%3BBowling%2C+Laura+C&rft.aulast=Naz&rft.aufirst=Bibi&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=143&rft.issue=&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+and+Planetary+Change&rft.issn=09218181&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gloplacha.2016.06.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09218181 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 109 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate; climate change; Coupled Model Intercomparison Project; global climate model; hydrologic cycle; infiltration; models; rainfall; runoff; seasonal variations; simulation; United States; variable infiltration capacity; water management; water resources; water supply DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.06.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the effect of internal aperture variability on transport in kilometer scale discrete fracture networks AN - 1832646411; 782152-36 AB - The apertures of natural fractures in fractured rock are highly heterogeneous. However, in-fracture aperture variability is often neglected in flow and transport modeling and individual fractures are assumed to have uniform aperture distribution. The relative importance of in-fracture variability in flow and transport modeling within kilometer-scale field-scale fracture networks has been under a matter of debate for a long time because the flow in each single fracture is controlled not only by in-fracture variability but also by boundary conditions. Computational limitations have previously prohibited researchers from investigating the relative importance of in-fracture variability in flow and transport modeling within large-scale fracture networks. We address this question by incorporating internal heterogeneity of individual fractures into flow simulations within kilometer scale three-dimensional fracture networks, where fracture intensity, P (sub 32) (ratio between total fracture area and domain volume) is between 0.027 and 0.031 [1/m]. A recently developed discrete fracture network (DFN) simulation capability, dfnWorks, is used to generate DFNs that include in-fracture aperture variability represented by a stationary log-normal stochastic field with various correlation lengths and variances. The Lagrangian transport parameters, non-reacting travel time and cumulative retention, are calculated along particles streamlines. It is observed that due to local flow channeling early particle travel times are more sensitive to in-fracture variability than the tails of travel time distributions, where no significant effect of the in-fracture transmissivity variations and spatial correlation length is observed. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Makedonska, Nataliia AU - Hyman, Jeffrey D AU - Karra, Satish AU - Painter, Scott L AU - Gable, Carl W AU - Viswanathan, Hari S Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 486 EP - 497 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 94 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - fractured materials KW - fractures KW - transmissivity KW - transport KW - dfnWorks KW - fluid flow KW - heterogeneity KW - advection KW - simulation KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832646411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+effect+of+internal+aperture+variability+on+transport+in+kilometer+scale+discrete+fracture+networks&rft.au=Makedonska%2C+Nataliia%3BHyman%2C+Jeffrey+D%3BKarra%2C+Satish%3BPainter%2C+Scott+L%3BGable%2C+Carl+W%3BViswanathan%2C+Hari+S&rft.aulast=Makedonska&rft.aufirst=Nataliia&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=&rft.spage=486&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2016.06.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; dfnWorks; fluid flow; fractured materials; fractures; heterogeneity; simulation; transmissivity; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2016.06.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen diffusion and exchange in dolomite rock at 700 degrees C, 100 MPa AN - 1828850170; 2016-087005 AB - In contact-metamorphic environments dolomite commonly breaks down to calcite + periclase + CO (sub 2) as a result of the infiltration of H (sub 2) O. The transport and exchange of oxygen in dolomite rock during the breakdown reaction were examined experimentally by reacting a cylindrical core of Reed Dolomite with isotopically enriched water having the composition HD (super 18) O (sub 0.5) (super 16) O (sub 0.5) at 700 degrees C and 100 MPa for 29 days. Reaction products formed along grain boundaries, fractures, and on the outside surface of the core. Some dolomite grains became enriched in Fe as a result of replacement of the host dolomite. Extensive voids are found in the grain boundaries as a result of the approximately 25% loss in solid volume during reaction. There are also pores, approximately 1 mu m in diameter, in the dolomite, notably in the vicinity of the replaced dolomite. The distribution of (super 18) O in the dolomite and reaction products was used as a tracer of the transport and exchange of O during reaction. Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analyses showed pervasive infiltration of fluid along grain boundaries and fractures, growth and isotopic exchange with products of reaction, and diffusion of (super 18) O into dolomite grains. The fluid infiltrated efficiently along grain boundaries to the dolomite grain surface. The host dolomite shows an enrichment in (super 18) O along grain boundaries, indicating a diffusive exchange with the fluid. An estimate of the diffusion coefficient of oxygen in dolomite, determined from ion probe spot analyses, gives D nearly equal 1 X 10 (super -12) mm (super 2) /s. This value is comparable to the oxygen diffusion coefficient for calcite in an H (sub 2) O-rich fluid. Mass balance of O in the experiment (including dolomite-fluid exchange, the amounts of neomorphic reaction products, and the fluid components) indicates that the reaction products have a (super 18) O concentration only about half that of the fluid. Ion probe spot analyses of calcite from both the center and the edge of the core have the fraction F = (super 18) O/( (super 18) O + (super 16) O) of 0.14 + or - 0.1, whereas the value calculated for the fluid is 0.31. The measured F values of calcite are intermediate between the initial F values of starting water and dolomite, indicating that the reaction products record a mix of both dolomite- and fluid-derived oxygen. The products reached about 45% of isotopic equilibrium, similar to the extent of the mineral-fluid reaction. The Fe-rich, replacement dolomite near the core edge has an elevated value of F = 0.02 + or - 0.002, 10 times the value of F nearly equal 0.002 for unreacted dolomite, but less than the value for the calcite. The distribution of (super 18) O in the minerals indicates that the breakdown and replacement reactions were faster than O diffusion in dolomite. JF - American Mineralogist AU - DeAngelis, Michael T AU - Labotka, Theodore C AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Cole, David R AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 1898 EP - 1905 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 101 IS - 8 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - United States KW - isotope fractionation KW - periclase KW - upper Precambrian KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - stability KW - mass spectra KW - fluid phase KW - Reed Dolomite KW - dolostone KW - metasomatism KW - stable isotopes KW - cores KW - temperature KW - electron probe data KW - carbon dioxide KW - dolomite KW - contact metamorphism KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mass balance KW - metamorphic rocks KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - Nevada KW - Neoproterozoic KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - pressure KW - Precambrian KW - isotope ratios KW - Proterozoic KW - O-18/O-16 KW - metamorphism KW - high pressure KW - calcite KW - infiltration KW - marbles KW - carbonate rocks KW - carbonates KW - high temperature KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828850170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Oxygen+diffusion+and+exchange+in+dolomite+rock+at+700+degrees+C%2C+100+MPa&rft.au=DeAngelis%2C+Michael+T%3BLabotka%2C+Theodore+C%3BFayek%2C+Mostafa%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=DeAngelis&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1898&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam-2016-5635 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcite; carbon dioxide; carbonate rocks; carbonates; chemical composition; contact metamorphism; cores; diffusion; dolomite; dolostone; electron probe data; experimental studies; fluid phase; high pressure; high temperature; infiltration; ion probe data; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; marbles; mass balance; mass spectra; metamorphic rocks; metamorphism; metasomatism; Neoproterozoic; Nevada; O-18/O-16; oxides; oxygen; periclase; Precambrian; pressure; Proterozoic; Reed Dolomite; sedimentary rocks; spectra; stability; stable isotopes; temperature; United States; upper Precambrian DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2016-5635 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal hydrology: Model formulation and proof-of-concept simulations AN - 1827902290; PQ0003694586 AB - The need to understand potential climate impacts and feedbacks in Arctic regions has prompted recent interest in modeling of permafrost dynamics in a warming climate. A new fine-scale integrated surface/subsurface thermal hydrology modeling capability is described and demonstrated in proof-of-concept simulations. The new modeling capability combines a surface energy balance model with recently developed three-dimensional subsurface thermal hydrology models and new models for nonisothermal surface water flows and snow distribution in the microtopography. Surface water flows are modeled using the diffusion wave equation extended to include energy transport and phase change of ponded water. Variation of snow depth in the microtopography, physically the result of wind scour, is modeled phenomenologically with a diffusion wave equation. The multiple surface and subsurface processes are implemented by leveraging highly parallel community software. Fully integrated thermal hydrology simulations on the tilted open book catchment, an important test case for integrated surface/subsurface flow modeling, are presented. Fine-scale 100 year projections of the integrated permafrost thermal hydrological system on an ice wedge polygon at Barrow Alaska in a warming climate are also presented. These simulations demonstrate the feasibility of microtopography-resolving, process-rich simulations as a tool to help understand possible future evolution of the carbon-rich Arctic tundra in a warming climate. Key Points: * New permafrost thermal hydrology simulation capability is available in open-source parallel software * The ATS software combines new surface and subsurface process representations in three dimensions * Decadal projections of permafrost dynamics in a warming climate demonstrate the new capability JF - Water Resources Research AU - Painter, Scott L AU - Coon, Ethan T AU - Atchley, Adam L AU - Berndt, Markus AU - Garimella, Rao AU - Moulton, JDavid AU - Svyatskiy, Daniil AU - Wilson, Cathy J AD - Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 6062 EP - 6077 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 52 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Flow KW - Snow cover depth KW - Energy transport KW - Permafrost KW - Surface Water KW - Subsurface flow KW - Ice wedges KW - Catchment basins KW - Hydrology KW - Waves KW - Wind KW - Modelling KW - Wave scouring KW - PNW, USA, Alaska, Barrow KW - Ice KW - Wind shear KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Climate models KW - Mathematical models KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Snow KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Microtopography KW - PN, Arctic KW - Wave equations KW - Numerical simulations KW - Energy KW - Diffusion in snow cover KW - Water resources research KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09144:Regional studies, expeditions and data reports KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827902290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Integrated+surface%2Fsubsurface+permafrost+thermal+hydrology%3A+Model+formulation+and+proof-of-concept+simulations&rft.au=Painter%2C+Scott+L%3BCoon%2C+Ethan+T%3BAtchley%2C+Adam+L%3BBerndt%2C+Markus%3BGarimella%2C+Rao%3BMoulton%2C+JDavid%3BSvyatskiy%2C+Daniil%3BWilson%2C+Cathy+J&rft.aulast=Painter&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=6062&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR018427 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wave scouring; Ice; Mathematical models; Snow; Climate; Microtopography; Hydrology; Permafrost; Modelling; Wind shear; Climate models; Hydrologic analysis; Energy transport; Snow cover depth; Subsurface flow; Ice wedges; Wave equations; Numerical simulations; Catchment basins; Water resources research; Diffusion in snow cover; Flow; Simulation Analysis; Energy; Climates; Waves; Surface Water; Wind; PN, Arctic; PNW, USA, Alaska, Barrow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018427 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical and isotope compositions of shallow ground water in areas impacted by hydraulic fracturing and surface mining in the central Appalachian Basin, Eastern United States AN - 1815667988; 2016-076560 AB - Hydraulic fracturing of shale deposits has greatly increased the productivity of the natural gas industry by allowing it to exploit previously inaccessible reservoirs. Previous research has demonstrated that this practice has the potential to contaminate shallow aquifers with methane (CH (sub 4) ) from deeper formations. This study compares concentrations and isotopic compositions of CH (sub 4) sampled from domestic groundwater wells in Letcher County, Eastern Kentucky in order to characterize its occurrence and origins in relation to both neighboring hydraulically fractured natural gas wells and surface coal mines. The studied groundwater showed concentrations of CH (sub 4) ranging from 0.05 mg/L to 10 mg/L, thus, no immediate remediation is required. The delta (super 13) C values of CH (sub 4) ranged from -66 ppm to -16 ppm, and delta (super 2) H values ranged from -286 ppm to -86 ppm, suggesting an immature thermogenic and mixed biogenic/thermogenic origin. The occurrence of CH (sub 4) was not correlated with proximity to hydraulically fractured natural gas wells. Generally, CH (sub 4) occurrence corresponded with groundwater abundant in Na (super +) , Cl (super -) , and HCO (sub 3) (super -) , and with low concentrations of SO (sub 4) (super 2-) . The CH (sub 4) and SO (sub 4) (super 2-) concentrations were best predicted by the oxidation/reduction potential of the studied groundwater. CH (sub 4) was abundant in more reducing waters, and SO (sub 4) (super 2-) was abundant in more oxidizing waters. Additionally, groundwater in greater proximity to surface mining was more likely to be oxidized. This, in turn, might have increased the likelihood of CH (sub 4) oxidation in shallow groundwater. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - LeDoux, St Thomas M AU - Szynkiewicz, Anna AU - Faiia, Anthony M AU - Mayes, Melanie A AU - McKinney, Michael L AU - Dean, William G Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 73 EP - 85 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 71 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - natural gas KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - mass spectra KW - petroleum KW - environmental analysis KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - spatial distribution KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Appalachian Basin KW - carbon KW - spectra KW - Letcher County Kentucky KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - North America KW - methane KW - sulfates KW - shale KW - pollutants KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Eastern U.S. KW - correlation KW - O-18/O-16 KW - alkanes KW - aquifers KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - organic compounds KW - Chattanooga Shale KW - central Appalachian Basin KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - Pine Mountain Ridge KW - hydrocarbons KW - Kentucky KW - water resources KW - clastic rocks KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815667988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Chemical+and+isotope+compositions+of+shallow+ground+water+in+areas+impacted+by+hydraulic+fracturing+and+surface+mining+in+the+central+Appalachian+Basin%2C+Eastern+United+States&rft.au=LeDoux%2C+St+Thomas+M%3BSzynkiewicz%2C+Anna%3BFaiia%2C+Anthony+M%3BMayes%2C+Melanie+A%3BMcKinney%2C+Michael+L%3BDean%2C+William+G&rft.aulast=LeDoux&rft.aufirst=St+Thomas&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2016.05.007 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Appalachian Basin; aquifers; C-13/C-12; carbon; central Appalachian Basin; Chattanooga Shale; chemical composition; clastic rocks; correlation; D/H; Eastern U.S.; environmental analysis; ground water; hydraulic fracturing; hydrocarbons; hydrogen; ICP mass spectra; isotope ratios; isotopes; Kentucky; Letcher County Kentucky; mass spectra; methane; models; natural gas; North America; O-18/O-16; organic compounds; oxygen; Paleozoic; petroleum; Pine Mountain Ridge; pollutants; pollution; prediction; sedimentary rocks; shale; spatial distribution; spectra; stable isotopes; statistical analysis; sulfates; United States; water pollution; water resources DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.05.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relating fish health and reproductive metrics to contaminant bioaccumulation at the Tennessee Valley Authority Kingston coal ash spill site AN - 1808740303; PQ0003351599 AB - A 4.1 million m super(3) coal ash release into the Emory and Clinch rivers in December 2008 at the Tennessee Valley Authority's Kingston Fossil Plant in east Tennessee, USA, prompted a long-term, large-scale biological monitoring effort to determine if there are chronic effects of this spill on resident biota. Because of the magnitude of the ash spill and the potential for exposure to coal ash-associated contaminants [e.g., selenium (Se), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg)] which are bioaccumulative and may present human and ecological risks, an integrative, bioindicator approach was used. Three species of fish were monitored-bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), redear sunfish (L. microlophus), and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)-at ash-affected and reference sites annually for 5 years following the spill. On the same individual fish, contaminant burdens were measured in various tissues, blood chemistry parameters as metrics of fish health, and various condition and reproduction indices. A multivariate statistical approach was then used to evaluate relationships between contaminant bioaccumulation and fish metrics to assess the chronic, sub-lethal effects of exposure to the complex mixture of coal ash-associated contaminants at and around the ash spill site. This study suggests that while fish tissue concentrations of some ash-associated contaminants are elevated at the spill site, there was no consistent evidence of compromised fish health linked with the spill. Further, although relationships between elevated fillet burdens of ash-associated contaminants and some fish metrics were found, these relationships were not indicative of exposure to coal ash or spill sites. The present study adds to the weight of evidence from prior studies suggesting that fish populations have not incurred significant biological effects from spilled ash at this site: findings that are relevant to the current national discussions on the safe disposal of coal ash waste. JF - Ecotoxicology AU - Pracheil, Brenda M AU - Marshall Adams, S AU - Bevelhimer, Mark S AU - Fortner, Allison M AU - Greeley, Mark S AU - Murphy, Cheryl A AU - Mathews, Teresa J AU - Peterson, Mark J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, pracheilbm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 1136 EP - 1149 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 25 IS - 6 SN - 0963-9292, 0963-9292 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Statistics KW - Micropterus salmoides KW - Contamination KW - Fish wastes KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Toxicity tests KW - Biota KW - Exposure KW - Fish fillets KW - Bioindicators KW - Rivers KW - Wastes KW - Valleys KW - Sexual Reproduction KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Mercury KW - Fish KW - Contaminants KW - Risk assessment KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Coal KW - USA, Tennessee, Clinch R. KW - Selenium KW - Fossils KW - Lepomis macrochirus KW - Seafood KW - Micropterus KW - Arsenic KW - Ash KW - Toxicity KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Blood KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Chronic effects KW - Reproduction KW - Indicator species KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - D 04070:Pollution KW - SW 0810:General KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - X 24360:Metals KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808740303?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=Relating+fish+health+and+reproductive+metrics+to+contaminant+bioaccumulation+at+the+Tennessee+Valley+Authority+Kingston+coal+ash+spill+site&rft.au=Pracheil%2C+Brenda+M%3BMarshall+Adams%2C+S%3BBevelhimer%2C+Mark+S%3BFortner%2C+Allison+M%3BGreeley%2C+Mark+S%3BMurphy%2C+Cheryl+A%3BMathews%2C+Teresa+J%3BPeterson%2C+Mark+J&rft.aulast=Pracheil&rft.aufirst=Brenda&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=09639292&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10646-016-1668-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; Bioaccumulation; Fish wastes; Seafood; Coal; Fish fillets; Freshwater fish; Toxicity tests; Indicator species; Rivers; Arsenic; Statistics; Wastes; Blood; Selenium; Fossils; Chronic effects; Mercury; Reproduction; Contaminants; Risk assessment; Bioindicators; Ash; Valleys; Biota; Fish; Contamination; Exposure; Water Pollution Effects; Toxicity; Sexual Reproduction; Micropterus salmoides; Lepomis macrochirus; Micropterus; USA, Tennessee; USA, Tennessee, Clinch R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-016-1668-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How a Nanostructure's Shape Affects its Lifetime in the Environment: Comparing a Silver Nanocube to a Nanoparticle When Dispersed in Aqueous Media. AN - 1802473188; 27253183 AB - Herein, we detail how the morphology of a nanomaterial affects its environmental lifetime in aquatic ecosystems. In particular, we focus on the cube and particle nanostructures of Ag and age them in various aquatic mediums including synthetic hard water, pond water, and seawater. Our results show that in the synthetic hard water and pond water cases, there was little difference in the rate of morphological changes as determined by UV-vis spectroscopy. However, when these samples were analyzed with transmission electron microscopy, radically different mechanisms in the loss of their original nanostructures were observed. Specifically, for the nanocube we observed that the corners of the cubes had become more rounded, whereas the aged nanoparticles formed large aggregates. Most interestingly, when the seawater samples were analyzed, the nanocubes showed a substantially higher stability in maintaining the nano length scale in comparison to nanoparticles overtime. Moreover, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis allowed us to determine that Ag+ ions diffused away from both the edge and from the faces of the cube, whereas the nanoparticle rapidly aggregated under the harsh seawater conditions. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Formo, Eric V AU - Potterf, Caroline B AU - Yang, Miaoxin AU - Unocic, Raymond R AU - Leonard, Donovan N AU - Pawel, Michelle AD - Georgia Electron Microscopy, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30622, United States. ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States. ; Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. Y1 - 2016/07/05/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jul 05 SP - 7082 EP - 7089 VL - 50 IS - 13 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1802473188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=How+a+Nanostructure%27s+Shape+Affects+its+Lifetime+in+the+Environment%3A+Comparing+a+Silver+Nanocube+to+a+Nanoparticle+When+Dispersed+in+Aqueous+Media.&rft.au=Formo%2C+Eric+V%3BPotterf%2C+Caroline+B%3BYang%2C+Miaoxin%3BUnocic%2C+Raymond+R%3BLeonard%2C+Donovan+N%3BPawel%2C+Michelle&rft.aulast=Formo&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2016-07-05&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=7082&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.est.6b01172 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-07-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b01172 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variability in the sensitivity among model simulations of permafrost and carbon dynamics in the permafrost region between 1960 and 2009 AN - 1840622099; 2016-096391 AB - A significant portion of the large amount of carbon (C) currently stored in soils of the permafrost region in the Northern Hemisphere has the potential to be emitted as the greenhouse gases CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) under a warmer climate. In this study we evaluated the variability in the sensitivity of permafrost and C in recent decades among land surface model simulations over the permafrost region between 1960 and 2009. The 15 model simulations all predict a loss of near-surface permafrost (within 3 m) area over the region, but there are large differences in the magnitude of the simulated rates of loss among the models (0.2 to 58.8 X 10 (super 3) km (super 2) yr (super -1) ). Sensitivity simulations indicated that changes in air temperature largely explained changes in permafrost area, although interactions among changes in other environmental variables also played a role. All of the models indicate that both vegetation and soil C storage together have increased by 156 to 954 Tg C yr (super -1) between 1960 and 2009 over the permafrost region even though model analyses indicate that warming alone would decrease soil C storage. Increases in gross primary production (GPP) largely explain the simulated increases in vegetation and soil C. The sensitivity of GPP to increases in atmospheric CO (sub 2) was the dominant cause of increases in GPP across the models, but comparison of simulated GPP trends across the 1982-2009 period with that of a global GPP data set indicates that all of the models overestimate the trend in GPP. Disturbance also appears to be an important factor affecting C storage, as models that consider disturbance had lower increases in C storage than models that did not consider disturbance. To improve the modeling of C in the permafrost region, there is the need for the modeling community to standardize structural representation of permafrost and carbon dynamics among models that are used to evaluate the permafrost C feedback and for the modeling and observational communities to jointly develop data sets and methodologies to more effectively benchmark models. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - McGuire, A David AU - Koven, Charles AU - Lawrence, David M AU - Clein, Joy S AU - Xia, Jiangyang AU - Beer, Christian AU - Burke, Eleanor AU - Chen, Guangsheng AU - Chen, Xiaodong AU - Delire, Christine AU - Jafarov, Elchin AU - MacDougall, Andrew H AU - Marchenko, Sergey AU - Nicolsky, Dmitry AU - Peng, Shushi AU - Rinke, Annette AU - Saito, Kazuyuki AU - Zhang, Wenxin AU - Alkama, Ramdane AU - Bohn, Theodore J AU - Ciais, Philippe AU - Decharme, Bertrand AU - Ekici, Altug AU - Gouttevin, Isabelle AU - Hajima, Tomohiro AU - Hayes, Daniel J AU - Ji, Duoying AU - Krinner, Gerhard AU - Lettenmaier, Dennis P AU - Luo, Yiqi AU - Miller, Paul A AU - Moore, John C AU - Romanovsky, Vladimir AU - Schaedel, Christina AU - Schaefer, Kevin AU - Schuur, Edward A G AU - Smith, Benjamin AU - Sueyoshi, Tetsuo AU - Zhuang, Qianlai Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 1015 EP - 1037 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 7 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - decadal variations KW - permafrost KW - data processing KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - global change KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - dynamics KW - sensitivity analysis KW - carbon KW - digital simulation KW - global warming KW - soils KW - cryosphere KW - methane KW - Arctic region KW - alkanes KW - thawing KW - geochemical cycle KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - air KW - greenhouse gases KW - carbon cycle KW - frozen ground KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840622099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Variability+in+the+sensitivity+among+model+simulations+of+permafrost+and+carbon+dynamics+in+the+permafrost+region+between+1960+and+2009&rft.au=McGuire%2C+A+David%3BKoven%2C+Charles%3BLawrence%2C+David+M%3BClein%2C+Joy+S%3BXia%2C+Jiangyang%3BBeer%2C+Christian%3BBurke%2C+Eleanor%3BChen%2C+Guangsheng%3BChen%2C+Xiaodong%3BDelire%2C+Christine%3BJafarov%2C+Elchin%3BMacDougall%2C+Andrew+H%3BMarchenko%2C+Sergey%3BNicolsky%2C+Dmitry%3BPeng%2C+Shushi%3BRinke%2C+Annette%3BSaito%2C+Kazuyuki%3BZhang%2C+Wenxin%3BAlkama%2C+Ramdane%3BBohn%2C+Theodore+J%3BCiais%2C+Philippe%3BDecharme%2C+Bertrand%3BEkici%2C+Altug%3BGouttevin%2C+Isabelle%3BHajima%2C+Tomohiro%3BHayes%2C+Daniel+J%3BJi%2C+Duoying%3BKrinner%2C+Gerhard%3BLettenmaier%2C+Dennis+P%3BLuo%2C+Yiqi%3BMiller%2C+Paul+A%3BMoore%2C+John+C%3BRomanovsky%2C+Vladimir%3BSchaedel%2C+Christina%3BSchaefer%2C+Kevin%3BSchuur%2C+Edward+A+G%3BSmith%2C+Benjamin%3BSueyoshi%2C+Tetsuo%3BZhuang%2C+Qianlai&rft.aulast=McGuire&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1015&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016GB005405 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 121 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Arctic region; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; cryosphere; data processing; decadal variations; digital simulation; dynamics; frozen ground; geochemical cycle; global change; global warming; greenhouse gases; hydrocarbons; methane; organic compounds; permafrost; sensitivity analysis; soils; temperature; thawing DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016GB005405 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing a land model in ecosystem functional space via a comparison of observed and modeled ecosystem flux responses to precipitation regimes and associated stresses in a Central U.S. forest AN - 1815691736; PQ0003582574 AB - Testing complex land surface models has often proceeded by asking the question: does the model prediction agree with the observation? Such an approach has yet led to high-performance terrestrial models that meet the challenges of climate and ecological studies. Here we test the Community Land Model (CLM) by asking the question: does the model behave like an ecosystem? We pursue its answer by testing CLM in the ecosystem functional space (EFS) at the Missouri Ozark AmeriFlux (MOFLUX) forest site in the Central U.S., focusing on carbon and water flux responses to precipitation regimes and associated stresses. In the observed EFS, precipitation regimes and associated water and heat stresses controlled seasonal and interannual variations of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO sub(2) and evapotranspiration in this deciduous forest ecosystem. Such controls were exerted more strongly by precipitation variability than by the total precipitation amount per se. A few simply constructed climate variability indices captured these controls, suggesting a high degree of potential predictability. While the interannual fluctuation in NEE was large, a net carbon sink was maintained even during an extreme drought year. Although CLM predicted seasonal and interanual variations in evapotranspiration reasonably well, its predictions of net carbon uptake were too small across the observed range of climate variability. Also, the model systematically underestimated the sensitivities of NEE and evapotranspiration to climate variability and overestimated the coupling strength between carbon and water fluxes. We suspect that the modeled and observed trajectories of ecosystem fluxes did not overlap in the EFS and the model did not behave like the ecosystem it attempted to simulate. A definitive conclusion will require comprehensive parameter and structural sensitivity tests in a rigorous mathematical framework. We suggest that future model improvements should focus on better representation and parameterization of process responses to environmental stresses and on more complete and robust representations of carbon-specific processes so that adequate responses to climate variability and a proper degree of coupling between carbon and water exchanges are captured. Key Points * Model is tested in ecosystem functional space * Precipitation variability controls forest carbon uptake and water use * Improvements are needed for CLM to behave like an ecosystem JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. G. Biogeosciences AU - Gu, Lianhong AU - Pallardy, Stephen G AU - Yang, Bai AU - Hosman, Kevin P AU - Mao, Jiafu AU - Ricciuto, Daniel AU - Shi, Xiaoying AU - Sun, Ying AD - Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 1884 EP - 1902 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 7 SN - 2169-8953, 2169-8953 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Hydrological Regime KW - Variability KW - Ecosystems KW - Climate change KW - Models KW - Comparative studies KW - Carbon KW - carbon sinks KW - USA, Missouri KW - Environmental stress KW - Droughts KW - Modelling KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Mathematical models KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Stress KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Precipitation KW - Water use KW - Heat KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Fluctuations KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815691736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Testing+a+land+model+in+ecosystem+functional+space+via+a+comparison+of+observed+and+modeled+ecosystem+flux+responses+to+precipitation+regimes+and+associated+stresses+in+a+Central+U.S.+forest&rft.au=Gu%2C+Lianhong%3BPallardy%2C+Stephen+G%3BYang%2C+Bai%3BHosman%2C+Kevin+P%3BMao%2C+Jiafu%3BRicciuto%2C+Daniel%3BShi%2C+Xiaoying%3BSun%2C+Ying&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Lianhong&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1884&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.issn=21698953&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JG003302 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Water use; Comparative studies; Carbon; Climate change; Evapotranspiration; Carbon dioxide; Droughts; Modelling; Mathematical models; Climate; Stress; Precipitation; Models; carbon sinks; Heat; Environmental stress; Hydrological Regime; Variability; Ecosystems; Climates; Fluctuations; USA, Missouri DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JG003302 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Confronting the "Indian summer monsoon response to black carbon aerosol" with the uncertainty in its radiative forcing and beyond AN - 1811901137; PQ0003515428 AB - While black carbon aerosols (BC) are believed to modulate the Indian monsoons, the radiative forcing estimate of BC suffers from large uncertainties globally. We analyze a suite of idealized experiments forced with a range of BC concentrations that span a large swath of the latest estimates of its global radiative forcing. Within those bounds of uncertainty, summer precipitation over the Indian region increases nearly linearly with the increase in BC burden. The linearity holds even as the BC concentration is increased to levels resembling those hypothesized in nuclear winter scenarios, despite large surface cooling over India and adjoining regions. The enhanced monsoonal circulation is associated with a linear increase in the large-scale meridional tropospheric temperature gradient. The precipitable water over the region also increases linearly with an increase in BC burden, due to increased moisture transport from the Arabian sea to the land areas. The wide range of Indian monsoon response elicited in these experiments emphasizes the need to reduce the uncertainty in BC estimates to accurately quantify their role in modulating the Indian monsoons. The increase in monsoonal circulation in response to large BC concentrations contrasts earlier findings that the Indian summer monsoon may break down following a nuclear war. Key Points * Indian summer monsoon circulation linearly increases with BC forcing within its estimated uncertainty * Indian summer monsoon circulation amplifies in response to very large BC forcing * Near-surface circulation advects more moisture into the land regions increasing precipitable water there JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Kovilakam, Mahesh AU - Mahajan, Salil AD - Computational Earth Sciences Group and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 7833 EP - 7852 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 13 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - ISW, Arabian Sea KW - Nuclear winter KW - Moisture transport KW - Black carbon aerosols KW - Temperature Gradient KW - ISW, India KW - Radiative forcing KW - Carbon KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Marine KW - Summer monsoon KW - Aerosols KW - Brackish KW - Troposphere KW - Precipitation KW - Temperature gradients KW - Cooling KW - Precipitable water KW - Tropospheric temperatures KW - Monsoons KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811901137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Confronting+the+%22Indian+summer+monsoon+response+to+black+carbon+aerosol%22+with+the+uncertainty+in+its+radiative+forcing+and+beyond&rft.au=Kovilakam%2C+Mahesh%3BMahajan%2C+Salil&rft.aulast=Kovilakam&rft.aufirst=Mahesh&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=7833&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016JD024866 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Aerosols; Carbon; Ocean-atmosphere system; Troposphere; Temperature gradients; Monsoons; Summer monsoon; Radiative forcing; Precipitable water; Moisture transport; Nuclear winter; Black carbon aerosols; Precipitation; Tropospheric temperatures; Cooling; Temperature Gradient; ISW, India; ISW, Arabian Sea; Marine; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JD024866 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Warming increases methylmercury production in an Arctic soil AN - 1808706394; PQ0003239595 AB - Rapid temperature rise in Arctic permafrost impacts not only the degradation of stored soil organic carbon (SOC) and climate feedback, but also the production and bioaccumulation of methylmercury (MeHg) toxin that can endanger humans, as well as wildlife in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Currently little is known concerning the effects of rapid permafrost thaw on microbial methylation and how SOC degradation is coupled to MeHg biosynthesis. Here we describe the effects of warming on MeHg production in an Arctic soil during an 8-month anoxic incubation experiment. Net MeHg production increased >10 fold in both organic- and mineral-rich soil layers at warmer (8 degree C) than colder (-2 degree C) temperatures. The type and availability of labile SOC, such as reducing sugars and ethanol, were particularly important in fueling the rapid initial biosynthesis of MeHg. Freshly amended mercury was more readily methylated than preexisting mercury in the soil. Additionally, positive correlations between mercury methylation and methane and ferrous ion production indicate linkages between SOC degradation and MeHg production. These results show that climate warming and permafrost thaw could potentially enhance MeHg production by an order of magnitude, impacting Arctic terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems by increased exposure to mercury through bioaccumulation and biomagnification in the food web. JF - Environmental Pollution AU - Yang, Ziming AU - Fang, Wei AU - Lu, Xia AU - Sheng, Guo-Ping AU - Graham, David E AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Gu, Baohua AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 504 EP - 509 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 214 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts KW - Permafrost KW - Soil organic carbon KW - Mercury KW - Methylmercury production KW - Climate change KW - Ecosystems KW - Soil KW - Soils KW - Arctic KW - Ethanol KW - Biosynthesis KW - Wildlife KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - Toxins KW - Methylation KW - Degradation KW - Soil temperature KW - Pollution effects KW - Carbon KW - Dimethylmercury KW - Feedback KW - Pollution KW - Food webs KW - Methylmercury KW - Sugar KW - Methyl mercury KW - Methane KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Soils (organic) KW - Polar environments KW - PN, Arctic KW - Bioaccumulation KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - X 24360:Metals KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808706394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution&rft.atitle=Warming+increases+methylmercury+production+in+an+Arctic+soil&rft.au=Yang%2C+Ziming%3BFang%2C+Wei%3BLu%2C+Xia%3BSheng%2C+Guo-Ping%3BGraham%2C+David+E%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BGu%2C+Baohua&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Ziming&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=214&rft.issue=&rft.spage=504&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envpol.2016.04.069 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Biosynthesis; Methyl mercury; Bioaccumulation; Soils; Pollution effects; Permafrost; Mercury; Food webs; Sugar; Wildlife; Climate; Soil temperature; Soils (organic); Aquatic ecosystems; Toxins; Soil; Carbon; Dimethylmercury; Feedback; Methylation; Pollution; Ethanol; Methylmercury; Degradation; Climate change; Temperature; Polar environments; Ecosystems; Arctic; PN, Arctic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.069 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of downscaled high-resolution meteorological data on the PSCF identification of emission sources AN - 1808641149; PQ0003166252 AB - The Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) model has been successfully used for identifying regions of emission source at a long distance in this study, the PSCF model relies on backward trajectories calculated by the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. In this study, we investigated the impacts of grid resolution and Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) parameterization (e.g., turbulent transport of pollutants) on the PSCF analysis. The Mellor-Yamada-Janjic (MYJ) and Yonsei University (YUS) parameterization schemes were selected to model the turbulent transport in the PBL within the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF version 3.6) model. Two separate domain grid sizes (83 and 27 km) were chosen in the WRF downscaling in generating the wind data for driving the HYSPLIT calculation. The effects of grid size and PBL parameterization are important in incorporating the influence of regional and local meteorological processes such as jet streaks, blocking patterns, Rossby waves, and terrain-induced convection on the transport of pollutants by a wind trajectory. We found high resolution PSCF did discover and locate source areas more precisely than that with lower resolution meteorological inputs. The lack of anticipated improvement could also be because a PBL scheme chosen to produce the WRF data was only a local parameterization and unable to faithfully duplicate the real atmosphere on a global scale. The MYJ scheme was able to replicate PSCF source identification by those using the Reanalysis and discover additional source areas that was not identified by the Reanalysis data. A potential benefit for using high-resolution wind data in the PSCF modeling is that it could discover new source location in addition to those identified by using the Reanalysis data input. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Cheng, Meng-Dawn AU - Kabela, Erik D AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 146 EP - 154 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 137 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aerosol KW - Black carbon KW - Arctic KW - Climate change KW - WRF KW - Downscale KW - Rossby waves KW - Prediction KW - Convection KW - Meteorological data KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Convection development KW - Atmosphere KW - Data reanalysis KW - Jet streaks KW - Pollutants KW - Hybrids KW - Emissions KW - Forecasting KW - Meteorology KW - Waves KW - Atmospheric boundary layer KW - Turbulent boundary layer KW - Wind KW - Modelling KW - Biological surveys KW - Weather KW - Planetary waves KW - Model Studies KW - Atmospheric turbulence KW - Boundary layers KW - Meteorological processes KW - Benefits KW - Wind data KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808641149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Effects+of+downscaled+high-resolution+meteorological+data+on+the+PSCF+identification+of+emission+sources&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Meng-Dawn%3BKabela%2C+Erik+D&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Meng-Dawn&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=&rft.spage=146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2016.04.043 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Prediction; Biological surveys; Pollutants; Planetary waves; Pollution dispersion; Turbulent boundary layer; Wind data; Modelling; Atmospheric turbulence; Rossby waves; Meteorological data; Atmospheric pollution models; Meteorological processes; Convection development; Atmospheric boundary layer; Data reanalysis; Jet streaks; Weather; Hybrids; Boundary layers; Emissions; Waves; Meteorology; Atmosphere; Wind; Forecasting; Benefits; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.04.043 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Filling in the GAPS: evaluating completeness and coverage of open-access biodiversity databases in the United States AN - 1808640042; PQ0003485567 AB - Primary biodiversity data constitute observations of particular species at given points in time and space. Open-access electronic databases provide unprecedented access to these data, but their usefulness in characterizing species distributions and patterns in biodiversity depend on how complete species inventories are at a given survey location and how uniformly distributed survey locations are along dimensions of time, space, and environment. Our aim was to compare completeness and coverage among three open-access databases representing ten taxonomic groups (amphibians, birds, freshwater bivalves, crayfish, freshwater fish, fungi, insects, mammals, plants, and reptiles) in the contiguous United States. We compiled occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS), and federally administered fish surveys (FFS). We aggregated occurrence records by 0.1 degree 0.1 degree grid cells and computed three completeness metrics to classify each grid cell as well-surveyed or not. Next, we compared frequency distributions of surveyed grid cells to background environmental conditions in a GIS and performed Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests to quantify coverage through time, along two spatial gradients, and along eight environmental gradients. The three databases contributed >13.6 million reliable occurrence records distributed among >190,000 grid cells. The percent of well-surveyed grid cells was substantially lower for GBIF (5.2%) than for systematic surveys (BBS and FFS; 82.5%). Still, the large number of GBIF occurrence records produced at least 250 well-surveyed grid cells for six of nine taxonomic groups. Coverages of systematic surveys were less biased across spatial and environmental dimensions but were more biased in temporal coverage compared to GBIF data. GBIF coverages also varied among taxonomic groups, consistent with commonly recognized geographic, environmental, and institutional sampling biases. This comprehensive assessment of biodiversity data across the contiguous United States provides a prioritization scheme to fill in the gaps by contributing existing occurrence records to the public domain and planning future surveys. Open-access databases provide unprecedented access to primary biodiversity data, but their usefulness in characterizing species distributions and patterns in biodiversity depend on how complete species inventories are at a given survey location and how uniformly distributed survey locations are along dimensions of time, space, and environment. Our aim was to compare completeness and coverage among three open-access databases representing ten taxonomic groups in the contiguous United States. This comprehensive assessment of biodiversity data across the contiguous United States provides a prioritization scheme to fill in the gaps by contributing existing occurrence records to the public domain and planning future surveys. JF - Ecology and Evolution AU - Troia, Matthew J AU - McManamay, Ryan A AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 7831. Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 4654 EP - 4669 PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc. VL - 6 IS - 14 SN - 2045-7758, 2045-7758 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Reptiles KW - Mammals KW - Amphibiotic species KW - Ecological distribution KW - Cambaridae KW - Plant breeding KW - Biological diversity KW - Biodiversity KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Environmental factors KW - Coverage KW - Breeding KW - Sampling KW - Aquatic insects KW - Data bases KW - Inventories KW - Data processing KW - Freshwater environments KW - Fungi KW - Amphibians KW - Insects KW - Databases KW - USA KW - Freshwater organisms KW - Taxonomy KW - Fish KW - Geographic information systems KW - Environmental conditions KW - O 6040:Mining and Dredging Operations KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - ENA 19:Water Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808640042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology+and+Evolution&rft.atitle=Filling+in+the+GAPS%3A+evaluating+completeness+and+coverage+of+open-access+biodiversity+databases+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Troia%2C+Matthew+J%3BMcManamay%2C+Ryan+A&rft.aulast=Troia&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=4654&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology+and+Evolution&rft.issn=20457758&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fece3.2225 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amphibiotic species; Fungi; Ecological distribution; Biodiversity; Fish; Environmental conditions; Freshwater fish; Environmental factors; Aquatic insects; Inventories; Databases; Coverage; Data processing; Freshwater environments; Plant breeding; Geographic information systems; Sampling; Reptiles; Mammals; Amphibians; Biological diversity; Insects; Breeding; Taxonomy; Freshwater organisms; Data bases; Cambaridae; USA; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2225 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation-Guided 3D Nanomanufacturing via Focused Electron Beam Induced Deposition. AN - 1800407657; 27284689 AB - Focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) is one of the few techniques that enables direct-write synthesis of free-standing 3D nanostructures. While the fabrication of simple architectures such as vertical or curving nanowires has been achieved by simple trial and error, processing complex 3D structures is not tractable with this approach. In part, this is due to the dynamic interplay between electron-solid interactions and the transient spatial distribution of absorbed precursor molecules on the solid surface. Here, we demonstrate the ability to controllably deposit 3D lattice structures at the micro/nanoscale, which have received recent interest owing to superior mechanical and optical properties. A hybrid Monte Carlo-continuum simulation is briefly overviewed, and subsequently FEBID experiments and simulations are directly compared. Finally, a 3D computer-aided design (CAD) program is introduced, which generates the beam parameters necessary for FEBID by both simulation and experiment. Using this approach, we demonstrate the fabrication of various 3D lattice structures using Pt-, Au-, and W-based precursors. JF - ACS nano AU - Fowlkes, Jason D AU - Winkler, Robert AU - Lewis, Brett B AU - Stanford, Michael G AU - Plank, Harald AU - Rack, Philip D AD - Nanofabrication Research Laboratory, Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. ; Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy , Steyrergasse 17, 8010 Graz, Austria. ; Materials Science and Engineering Department, The University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States. Y1 - 2016/06/28/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jun 28 SP - 6163 EP - 6172 VL - 10 IS - 6 KW - Index Medicus KW - direct-write KW - 3D nanoprinting KW - nanofabrication KW - focused electron beam induced deposition UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800407657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=Simulation-Guided+3D+Nanomanufacturing+via+Focused+Electron+Beam+Induced+Deposition.&rft.au=Fowlkes%2C+Jason+D%3BWinkler%2C+Robert%3BLewis%2C+Brett+B%3BStanford%2C+Michael+G%3BPlank%2C+Harald%3BRack%2C+Philip+D&rft.aulast=Fowlkes&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2016-06-28&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=6163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facsnano.6b02108 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-06-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b02108 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Atomic Sandblasters Could Replace Silicon AN - 1799114729 JF - Breaking Energy AU - Ron Walli, Science Writer | Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2016/06/23/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jun 23 CY - New York PB - SyndiGate Media Inc KW - Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1799114729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aabitrade&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Breaking+Energy&rft.atitle=Atomic+Sandblasters+Could+Replace+Silicon&rft.au=Ron+Walli%2C+Science+Writer+%3B+Oak+Ridge+National+Laboratory&rft.aulast=Ron+Walli&rft.aufirst=Science+Writer+%7C+Oak+Ridge+National&rft.date=2016-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Breaking+Energy&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Copyright - Copyright © 2016 Breaking Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Provided by SyndiGate Media Inc. (Syndigate.info). N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global Isotope Metabolomics Reveals Adaptive Strategies for Nitrogen Assimilation. AN - 1797866965; 27045776 AB - Nitrogen cycling is a microbial metabolic process essential for global ecological/agricultural balance. To investigate the link between the well-established ammonium and the alternative nitrate assimilation metabolic pathways, global isotope metabolomics was employed to examine three nitrate reducing bacteria using (15)NO3 as a nitrogen source. In contrast to a control (Pseudomonas stutzeri RCH2), the results show that two of the isolates from Oak Ridge, Tennessee (Pseudomonas N2A2 and N2E2) utilize nitrate and ammonia for assimilation concurrently with differential labeling observed across multiple classes of metabolites including amino acids and nucleotides. The data reveal that the N2A2 and N2E2 strains conserve nitrogen-containing metabolites, indicating that the nitrate assimilation pathway is a conservation mechanism for the assimilation of nitrogen. Co-utilization of nitrate and ammonia is likely an adaption to manage higher levels of nitrite since the denitrification pathways utilized by the N2A2 and N2E2 strains from the Oak Ridge site are predisposed to the accumulation of the toxic nitrite. The use of global isotope metabolomics allowed for this adaptive strategy to be investigated, which would otherwise not have been possible to decipher. JF - ACS chemical biology AU - Kurczy, Michael E AU - Forsberg, Erica M AU - Thorgersen, Michael P AU - Poole, Farris L AU - Benton, H Paul AU - Ivanisevic, Julijana AU - Tran, Minerva L AU - Wall, Judy D AU - Elias, Dwayne A AU - Adams, Michael W W AU - Siuzdak, Gary AD - Scripps Center for Metabolomics, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States. ; Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne , Rue du Bugnon 19, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States. ; Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. Y1 - 2016/06/17/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jun 17 SP - 1677 EP - 1685 VL - 11 IS - 6 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797866965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+chemical+biology&rft.atitle=Global+Isotope+Metabolomics+Reveals+Adaptive+Strategies+for+Nitrogen+Assimilation.&rft.au=Kurczy%2C+Michael+E%3BForsberg%2C+Erica+M%3BThorgersen%2C+Michael+P%3BPoole%2C+Farris+L%3BBenton%2C+H+Paul%3BIvanisevic%2C+Julijana%3BTran%2C+Minerva+L%3BWall%2C+Judy+D%3BElias%2C+Dwayne+A%3BAdams%2C+Michael+W+W%3BSiuzdak%2C+Gary&rft.aulast=Kurczy&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2016-06-17&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1677&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+chemical+biology&rft.issn=1554-8937&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facschembio.6b00082 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-06-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acschembio.6b00082 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-pressure behavior of the polymorphs of FeOOH AN - 1819895259; 2016-079209 AB - The high-pressure structural and electronic behavior of alpha -, beta -, and gamma -FeOOH were studied in situ using a combination of synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). We monitored alpha -FeOOH by XES as a function of pressure up to 85 GPa and observed an electronic spin transition that began at approximately 50 GPa, which is consistent with previous results. In the gamma -FeOOH sample, we see the initiation of a spin transition at 35 GPa that remains incomplete up to 65 GPa. beta -FeOOH does not show any indication of a spin transition up to 65 GPa. Analysis of the high-pressure XRD data shows that neither beta -FeOOH nor gamma -FeOOH transform to new crystal structures, and both amorphize above 20 GPa. Comparing our EOS results for the beta and gamma phases with recently published data on the alpha and epsilon phases, we found that beta -FeOOH exhibits distinct behavior from the other three polymorphs, as it is significantly less compressible and does not undergo a spin transition. A systematic examination of these iron hydroxide polymorphs as a function of pressure can provide insight into the relationship between electronic spin transitions and structural transitions in these OH- and Fe (super 3+) -bearing phases that may have implications on our understanding of the water content and oxidation state of the mantle. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Reagan, Mary M AU - Gleason, Arianna E AU - Daemen, Luke AU - Xiao, Yuming AU - Mao, Wendy L Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 1483 EP - 1488 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 101 IS - 6 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - water KW - pressure KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - mantle KW - phase transitions KW - crystal structure KW - high pressure KW - X-ray spectra KW - iron hydroxides KW - iron KW - hydroxides KW - hydroxyl ion KW - ferric iron KW - polymorphism KW - metals KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - electronic spin transitions KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819895259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=High-pressure+behavior+of+the+polymorphs+of+FeOOH&rft.au=Reagan%2C+Mary+M%3BGleason%2C+Arianna+E%3BDaemen%2C+Luke%3BXiao%2C+Yuming%3BMao%2C+Wendy+L&rft.aulast=Reagan&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam-2016-5449 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal structure; electronic spin transitions; ferric iron; high pressure; hydroxides; hydroxyl ion; iron; iron hydroxides; mantle; metals; oxides; phase transitions; polymorphism; pressure; spectra; water; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2016-5449 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Titania Composites with 2D Transition Metal Carbides as Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Production under Visible-Light Irradiation AN - 1808655051; PQ0003391162 AB - MXenes, a family of two-dimensional transition-metal carbides, were successfully demonstrated as co-catalysts with rutile TiO sub(2) for visible-light-induced solar hydrogen production from water splitting. The physicochemical properties of Ti sub(3)C sub(2)T sub(x) MXene coupled with TiO sub(2) were investigated by a variety of characterization techniques. The effect of the Ti sub(3)C sub(2)T sub(x) loading on the photocatalytic performance of the TiO sub(2)/Ti sub(3)C sub(2 )T sub(x) composites was elucidated. With an optimized Ti sub(3)C sub(2)T sub(x) content of 5wt%, the TiO sub(2)/Ti sub(3)C sub(2 )T sub(x) composite shows a 400% enhancement in the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction compared with that of pure rutile TiO sub(2). We also expanded our exploration to other MXenes (Nb sub(2)CT sub(x) and Ti sub(2)CT sub(x)) as co-catalysts coupled with TiO sub(2), and these materials also exhibited enhanced hydrogen production. These results manifest the generality of MXenes as effective co-catalysts for solar hydrogen production. Carbide composite co-catalyst: MXene (2D transition-metal carbide) co-catalysts are coupled with TiO sub(2) in composite materials to enhance visible-light-induced photocatalytic hydrogen production. The work provides insights into the photocatalytic mechanism of the composite, demonstrating that MXenes in general can be employed as effective co-catalysts to assist TiO sub(2) for solar hydrogen production. JF - ChemSusChem AU - Wang, Hui AU - Peng, Rui AU - Hood, Zachary D AU - Naguib, Michael AU - Adhikari, Shiba P AU - Wu, Zili AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 1490 EP - 1497 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 9 IS - 12 SN - 1864-5631, 1864-5631 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Metals KW - Composite materials KW - Physicochemical Properties KW - Irradiation KW - Rutile KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Exploration KW - Hydrogen KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09183:Physics and chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808655051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ChemSusChem&rft.atitle=Titania+Composites+with+2D+Transition+Metal+Carbides+as+Photocatalysts+for+Hydrogen+Production+under+Visible-Light+Irradiation&rft.au=Wang%2C+Hui%3BPeng%2C+Rui%3BHood%2C+Zachary+D%3BNaguib%2C+Michael%3BAdhikari%2C+Shiba+P%3BWu%2C+Zili&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Hui&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1490&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ChemSusChem&rft.issn=18645631&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcssc.201600165 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Composite materials; Physicochemical properties; Rutile; Hydrogen; Metals; Physicochemical Properties; Irradiation; Exploration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201600165 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal and flow-driven dynamics of particulate and dissolved mercury and methylmercury in a stream impacted by an industrial mercury source AN - 1808653307; PQ0003176615 AB - Sediments and floodplain soils in the East Fork Poplar Creek watershed (Oak Ridge, TN, USA) are contaminated with high levels of mercury (Hg) from an industrial source at the headwaters. Although baseflow conditions have been monitored, concentrations of Hg and methylmercury (MeHg) during high-flow storm events, when the stream is more hydrologically connected to the floodplain, have yet to be assessed. The present study evaluated baseflow and event-driven Hg and MeHg dynamics in East Fork Poplar Creek, 5km upstream of the confluence with Poplar Creek, to determine the importance of hydrology to in-stream concentrations and downstream loads and to ascertain whether the dynamics are comparable to those of systems without an industrial Hg source. Particulate Hg and MeHg were positively correlated with discharge (r super(2)=0.64 and 0.58, respectively) and total suspended sediment (r super(2)=0.97 and 0.89, respectively), and dissolved Hg also increased with increasing flow (r super(2)=0.18) and was associated with increases in dissolved organic carbon (r super(2)=0.65), similar to the dynamics observed in uncontaminated systems. Dissolved MeHg decreased with increases in discharge (r super(2)=0.23) and was not related to dissolved organic carbon concentrations (p=0.56), dynamics comparable to relatively uncontaminated watersheds with a small percentage of wetlands (<10%). Although stormflows exert a dominant control on particulate Hg, particulate MeHg, and dissolved Hg concentrations and loads, baseflows were associated with the highest dissolved MeHg concentration (0.38ng/L) and represented the majority of the annual dissolved MeHg load. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016; 35:1386-1400. Published 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US Government work, and as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Riscassi, Ami AU - Miller, Carrie AU - Brooks, Scott AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 1386 EP - 1400 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Commerce Pl, 350 Main St Maiden MA 02148 United States VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - USA, Tennesee, Poplar Creek KW - Particulates KW - Watersheds KW - Storms KW - Streams KW - Resuspended sediments KW - Soil KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Dimethylmercury KW - Upstream KW - Hydrology KW - Downstream KW - Wetlands KW - Dissolved organic carbon KW - Seasonal variations KW - Methylmercury KW - USA Tennessee, Oak Ridge, East Fork Poplar Creek KW - Sediments KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - USA KW - Flood plains KW - Mercury KW - X 24360:Metals KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808653307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Seasonal+and+flow-driven+dynamics+of+particulate+and+dissolved+mercury+and+methylmercury+in+a+stream+impacted+by+an+industrial+mercury+source&rft.au=Riscassi%2C+Ami%3BMiller%2C+Carrie%3BBrooks%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Riscassi&rft.aufirst=Ami&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1386&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fetc.3310 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Dimethylmercury; Hydrology; Mercury; Wetlands; Dissolved organic carbon; Watersheds; Streams; Sediments; Methylmercury; Particulates; Storms; Resuspended sediments; Flood plains; Sulfur dioxide; Upstream; Downstream; Seasonal variations; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge; USA Tennessee, Oak Ridge, East Fork Poplar Creek; USA; USA, Tennesee, Poplar Creek DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.3310 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A fish-eye view of riverine hydropower systems: the current understanding of the biological response to turbine passage AN - 1790929653; PQ0003134123 AB - One-way connectivity maintained by fish passing through hydropower turbines in fragmented rivers can be important to population dynamics, but can also introduce a new and significant source of mortality. Sources of mortality during turbine passage can come from several sources including blade strike, shear forces, cavitation, or pressure decreases and parsing the contributions of these individual forces is important for advancing and deploying turbines that minimize these impacts to fishes. We used a national hydropower database and conducted a systematic review of the literature to accomplish three goals: (1) report on the spatial distribution of turbine types and generation capacities in the USA, (2) determine fish mortality rates among turbine types and fish species and (3) examine relationships between physical forces similar to those encountered during fish turbine passage and fish injury and mortality. We found that while Francis turbines generate 56 % of all US hydropower and have the highest associated fish mortality of any turbine type, these turbines are proportionally understudied compared to less-common and less injury-associated Kaplan turbines, particularly in the Pacific Northwest. While juvenile salmonid species in actual or simulated Kaplan turbine conditions were the most commonly studied, the highest mortality rates were reported from percid fishes passing through Francis turbines. Future studies should focus on understanding which species are most at-risk to turbine passage injury and mortality and, subsequently, increasing the diversity of taxonomy and turbine types in evaluations of turbine injury and mortality. JF - Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries AU - Pracheil, Brenda M AU - DeRolph, C R AU - Schramm, M P AU - Bevelhimer AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6036, USA, pracheilbm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 153 EP - 167 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0960-3166, 0960-3166 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Rivers KW - Marine fisheries KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - Spatial distribution KW - Injuries KW - Anadromous species KW - Population dynamics KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Databases KW - Turbines KW - Salmon fisheries KW - Literature reviews KW - Cavitation KW - Inland fisheries KW - Fisheries KW - Taxonomy KW - Salmonidae KW - Pressure KW - Mortality causes KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790929653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Fish+Biology+and+Fisheries&rft.atitle=A+fish-eye+view+of+riverine+hydropower+systems%3A+the+current+understanding+of+the+biological+response+to+turbine+passage&rft.au=Pracheil%2C+Brenda+M%3BDeRolph%2C+C+R%3BSchramm%2C+M+P%3BBevelhimer&rft.aulast=Pracheil&rft.aufirst=Brenda&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Fish+Biology+and+Fisheries&rft.issn=09603166&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11160-015-9416-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fisheries; Salmon fisheries; Turbines; Cavitation; Injuries; Anadromous species; Inland fisheries; Fisheries; Population dynamics; Mortality causes; Rivers; Databases; Mortality; Literature reviews; Spatial distribution; Taxonomy; Pressure; Salmonidae; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11160-015-9416-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment and interpretation of internal doses: uncertainty and variability. AN - 1789032684; 27044362 AB - Internal doses are calculated on the basis of knowledge of intakes and/or measurements of activity in bioassay samples, typically using reference biokinetic and dosimetric models recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). These models describe the behaviour of the radionuclides after ingestion, inhalation, and absorption to the blood, and the absorption of the energy resulting from their nuclear transformations. They are intended to be used mainly for the purpose of radiological protection: that is, optimisation and demonstration of compliance with dose limits. These models and parameter values are fixed by convention and are not subject to uncertainty. Over the past few years, ICRP has devoted a considerable amount of effort to the revision and improvement of models to make them more physiologically realistic. ICRP models are now sufficiently sophisticated for calculating organ and tissue absorbed doses for scientific purposes, and in many other areas, including toxicology, pharmacology and medicine. In these specific cases, uncertainties in parameters and variability between individuals need to be taken into account. JF - Annals of the ICRP AU - Paquet, F AU - Bailey, M R AU - Leggett, R W AU - Harrison, J D AD - Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Direction de la Stratégie, du développement et des partenariats, Service des programmes stratégiques, Saint Paul Lez Durance 13115, France francois.paquet@irsn.fr. ; Retired from Health Protection Agency, UK. ; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA. ; Oxford Brookes University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, UK. Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 202 EP - 214 VL - 45 IS - 1 Suppl KW - Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Uncertainty KW - Biokinetic model KW - Internal dosimetry KW - Humans KW - International Agencies KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Radiation Exposure KW - Radioisotopes -- metabolism KW - Radiation Protection KW - Radiometry -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789032684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+ICRP&rft.atitle=Assessment+and+interpretation+of+internal+doses%3A+uncertainty+and+variability.&rft.au=Paquet%2C+F%3BBailey%2C+M+R%3BLeggett%2C+R+W%3BHarrison%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Paquet&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1+Suppl&rft.spage=202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+ICRP&rft.issn=1872-969X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0146645316633595 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2017-01-17 N1 - Date created - 2016-05-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146645316633595 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influences and interactions of inundation, peat, and snow on active layer thickness AN - 1873350963; 2017-015188 AB - Active layer thickness (ALT), the uppermost layer of soil that thaws on an annual basis, is a direct control on the amount of organic carbon potentially available for decomposition and release to the atmosphere as carbon-rich Arctic permafrost soils thaw in a warming climate. We investigate how key site characteristics affect ALT using an integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal hydrology model. ALT is most sensitive to organic layer thickness followed by snow depth but is relatively insensitive to the amount of water on the landscape with other conditions held fixed. The weak ALT sensitivity to subsurface saturation suggests that changes in Arctic landscape hydrology may only have a minor effect on future ALT. However, surface inundation amplifies the sensitivities to the other parameters and under large snowpacks can trigger the formation of near-surface taliks. Abstract Copyright Published 2016. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the United States of America. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Atchley, Adam L AU - Coon, Ethan T AU - Painter, Scott L AU - Harp, Dylan R AU - Wilson, Cathy J Y1 - 2016/05/28/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 May 28 SP - 5116 EP - 5123 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 43 IS - 10 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - United States KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - Barrow Alaska KW - air pollution KW - volatilization KW - water-rock interaction KW - carbon KW - snow KW - sediments KW - floods KW - thickness KW - organic carbon KW - taliks KW - gaseous phase KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - thawing KW - models KW - peat KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - Alaska KW - active layer KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873350963?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Influences+and+interactions+of+inundation%2C+peat%2C+and+snow+on+active+layer+thickness&rft.au=Atchley%2C+Adam+L%3BCoon%2C+Ethan+T%3BPainter%2C+Scott+L%3BHarp%2C+Dylan+R%3BWilson%2C+Cathy+J&rft.aulast=Atchley&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=2016-05-28&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=5116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016GL068550 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291944-8007/issues LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; air pollution; Alaska; atmospheric precipitation; Barrow Alaska; carbon; degradation; environmental analysis; floods; gaseous phase; models; organic carbon; organic compounds; peat; permafrost; pollutants; pollution; saturation; sediments; simulation; snow; taliks; thawing; thickness; United States; volatilization; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016GL068550 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glass-water interaction; effect of high valence cations on glass structure and chemical durability AN - 1800392429; 2016-056405 AB - Borosilicate glass is a durable solid, but it dissolves when in contact with aqueous fluids. The dissolution mechanism, which involves a variety of sequential reactions that occur at the solid-fluid interface, has important implications for the corrosion resistance of industrial and nuclear waste glasses. In this study, spectroscopic measurements, dissolution experiments, and Monte Carlo simulations were performed to investigate the effect of high-valence cations (HVC) on the mechanisms of glass dissolution under dilute and near-saturated conditions. Raman and NMR spectroscopy were used to determine the structural changes that occur in glass, specifically network formers (e.g., Al, Si, and B), with the addition of the HVC element hafnium in the Na (sub 2) O-Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) -B (sub 2) O (sub 3) -HfO (sub 2) -SiO (sub 2) system (e.g., Na/[Al + B] = 1.0 and HfO (sub 2) /SiO (sub 2) from 0.0 to 0.42). Spectroscopic measurements revealed that increasing hafnium content decreases N (sub 4) (tetrahedral boron/total boron) and increases the amount of Si-O-Hf moieties in the glass. Results from flow-through experiments conducted under dilute and near-saturated conditions show a decrease of approximately 100X or more in the dissolution rate over the series from 0 to 20 mol% HfO (sub 2) . Comparing the average steady-state rates obtained under dilute conditions to the rates obtained for near-saturated conditions reveals a divergence in the magnitude between the average steady state rates measured in these different conditions. The reason for this divergence was investigated more thoroughly using Monte Carlo simulations. Simulations indicate that the divergence in glass dissolution behavior under dilute and near-saturated conditions result from the stronger binding of Si sites that deposit on the surface from the influent when Hf is present in the glass. As a result, the residence time at the glass surface of these newly-formed Si sites is longer in the presence of Hf, which increases the density of anchor sites from which altered layers with higher Si densities can form. These results illustrate the importance of understanding solid-water/solid-fluid interactions by linking macroscopic reaction kinetics to nanometer scale interfacial processes. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Hopf, J AU - Kerisit, S N AU - Angeli, F AU - Charpentier, T AU - Icenhower, J P AU - McGrail, B P AU - Windisch, C F AU - Burton, S D AU - Pierce, E M Y1 - 2016/05/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 May 15 SP - 54 EP - 71 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 181 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - volcanic rocks KW - oxygen KW - glasses KW - igneous rocks KW - buffers KW - mass spectra KW - fluid phase KW - crystal structure KW - silicon KW - NMR spectra KW - hafnium KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - spectra KW - experimental studies KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - MAS NMR spectra KW - solid phase KW - ICP mass spectra KW - borosilicates KW - Raman spectra KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - crystal chemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800392429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Glass-water+interaction%3B+effect+of+high+valence+cations+on+glass+structure+and+chemical+durability&rft.au=Hopf%2C+J%3BKerisit%2C+S+N%3BAngeli%2C+F%3BCharpentier%2C+T%3BIcenhower%2C+J+P%3BMcGrail%2C+B+P%3BWindisch%2C+C+F%3BBurton%2C+S+D%3BPierce%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Hopf&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2016-05-15&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=&rft.spage=54&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.02.023 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 113 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - borosilicates; buffers; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; experimental studies; fluid phase; glasses; hafnium; ICP mass spectra; igneous rocks; MAS NMR spectra; mass spectra; mathematical methods; metals; Monte Carlo analysis; NMR spectra; oxygen; Raman spectra; silicates; silicon; solid phase; spectra; statistical analysis; volcanic rocks; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.02.023 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural characterization of the virulence factor Sda1 nuclease from Streptococcus pyogenes. AN - 1787478341; 26969731 AB - Infection by Group A Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) is a leading cause of severe invasive disease in humans, including streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis. GAS infections lead to nearly 163,000 annual deaths worldwide. Hypervirulent strains of S. pyogenes have evolved a plethora of virulence factors that aid in disease-by promoting bacterial adhesion to host cells, subsequent invasion of deeper tissues and blocking the immune system's attempts to eradicate the infection. Expression and secretion of the extracellular nuclease Sda1 is advantageous for promoting bacterial dissemination throughout the host organism, and evasion of the host's innate immune response. Here we present two crystal structures of Sda1, as well as biochemical studies to address key structural features and surface residues involved in DNA binding and catalysis. In the active site, Asn211 is observed to directly chelate a hydrated divalent metal ion and Arg124, on the putative substrate binding loop, likely stabilizes the transition state during phosphodiester bond cleavage. These structures provide a foundation for rational drug design of small molecule inhibitors to be used in prevention of invasive streptococcal disease. JF - Nucleic acids research AU - Moon, Andrea F AU - Krahn, Juno M AU - Lu, Xun AU - Cuneo, Matthew J AU - Pedersen, Lars C AD - Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA moon@niehs.nih.gov. ; Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. ; Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. Y1 - 2016/05/05/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 May 05 SP - 3946 EP - 3957 VL - 44 IS - 8 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787478341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+acids+research&rft.atitle=Structural+characterization+of+the+virulence+factor+Sda1+nuclease+from+Streptococcus+pyogenes.&rft.au=Moon%2C+Andrea+F%3BKrahn%2C+Juno+M%3BLu%2C+Xun%3BCuneo%2C+Matthew+J%3BPedersen%2C+Lars+C&rft.aulast=Moon&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=2016-05-05&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3946&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+acids+research&rft.issn=1362-4962&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgkw143 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-05-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Clin Microbiol Rev. 2000 Jul;13(3):470-511 [10885988] Sci Rep. 2015;5:15877 [26522788] Nat Med. 2002 Dec;8(12):1398-404 [12436116] EMBO J. 2003 Aug 1;22(15):4014-25 [12881435] Mol Microbiol. 2004 Jan;51(1):123-34 [14651616] Mol Microbiol. 2004 Oct;54(1):184-97 [15458415] J Mol Biol. 1990 Jun 20;213(4):727-38 [2359120] Lancet. 1992 Feb 29;339(8792):518-21 [1346879] Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Sep 1;25(17):3389-402 [9254694] Biochemistry. 1999 Aug 3;38(31):9948-55 [10433701] J Mol Biol. 1999 Sep 17;292(2):195-202 [10493868] J Bacteriol. 2005 May;187(10):3311-8 [15866915] J Biol Chem. 2005 Jul 29;280(30):27990-7 [15897201] Lancet Infect Dis. 2005 Nov;5(11):685-94 [16253886] Curr Biol. 2006 Feb 21;16(4):396-400 [16488874] Nucleic Acids Res. 2007;35(2):584-94 [17175542] Semin Immunol. 2007 Aug;19(4):262-71 [17560120] Nat Med. 2007 Aug;13(8):981-5 [17632528] Emerg Infect Dis. 2008 Oct;14(10):1511-7 [18826812] Protein Sci. 2010 May;19(5):901-13 [20196072] Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jul;38(Web Server issue):W545-9 [20457744] Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Apr;39(7):2943-53 [21113026] Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011 Oct;9(10):724-36 [21921933] Nat Methods. 2011;8(10):785-6 [21959131] Nucleic Acids Res. 2012 Jan;40(2):928-38 [21948797] Chembiochem. 2012 Mar 19;13(5):713-21 [22344704] PLoS Pathog. 2012;8(6):e1002736 [22719247] Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Jul;41(Web Server issue):W349-57 [23748958] Mol Microbiol. 2013 Aug;89(3):518-31 [23772975] J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013 Dec;132(6):1420-6 [23915714] Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2014 Mar;21(3):253-60 [24487959] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2014 Nov;70(Pt 11):2937-49 [25372684] Nat Genet. 2015 Jan;47(1):84-7 [25401300] Eur J Immunol. 2000 Nov;30(11):3247-55 [11093140] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw143 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the capacitive deionization process in dual-porosity electrodes AN - 1832646927; 778347-9 AB - In many areas of the world, there is a need to increase water availability. Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an electrochemical water treatment process that can be a viable alternative for treating water and for saving energy. A model is presented to simulate the CDI process in heterogeneous porous media comprising two different pore sizes. It is based on a theory for capacitive charging by ideally polarizable porous electrodes without Faradaic reactions or specific adsorption of ions. A two steps volume averaging technique is used to derive the averaged transport equations in the limit of thin electrical double layers. A one-equation model based on the principle of local equilibrium is derived. The constraints determining the range of application of the one-equation model are presented. The effective transport parameters for isotropic porous media are calculated solving the corresponding closure problems. The source terms that appear in the average equations are calculated using theoretical derivations. The global diffusivity is calculated by solving the closure problem. Copyright 2016 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Gabitto, Jorge AU - Tsouris, Costas Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 173 EP - 205 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 113 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - dual-porosity KW - electrodes KW - deionization KW - porous materials KW - equations KW - adsorption KW - simulation KW - ions KW - porosity KW - models KW - heterogeneous materials KW - water treatment KW - capacitive deionization KW - diffusivity KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832646927?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+capacitive+deionization+process+in+dual-porosity+electrodes&rft.au=Gabitto%2C+Jorge%3BTsouris%2C+Costas&rft.aulast=Gabitto&rft.aufirst=Jorge&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-016-0688-9 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; capacitive deionization; deionization; diffusivity; dual-porosity; electrodes; equations; heterogeneous materials; ions; models; porosity; porous materials; simulation; water treatment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-016-0688-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fabrication of ultrathin solid electrolyte membranes of beta -Li sub(3)PS sub(4) nanoflakes by evaporation-induced self-assembly for all-solid-state batteries AN - 1808712379; PQ0003194314 AB - All-solid-state lithium batteries are attractive candidates for next-generation energy storage devices because of their anticipated high energy density and intrinsic safety. Owing to their excellent ionic conductivity and stability with metallic lithium anodes, nanostructured lithium thiophosphate solid electrolytes such as beta -Li sub(3)PS sub(4) have found use in the fabrication of all-solid lithium batteries for large-scale energy storage systems. However, current methods for preparing air-sensitive solid electrolyte membranes of lithium thiophosphates can only generate thick membranes that compromise the battery's gravimetric/volumetric energy density and thus its rate performance. To overcome this limitation, the solid electrolyte's thickness needs to be effectively decreased to achieve ideal energy density and enhanced rate performance. Herein, we show that the evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) technique produces ultrathin membranes of a lithium thiophosphate solid electrolyte with controllable thicknesses between 8 and 50 mu m while maintaining the high ionic conductivity of beta -Li sub(3)PS sub(4) and stability with metallic lithium anodes up to 5 V. It is clearly demonstrated that this facile EISA approach allows for the preparation of ultrathin lithium thiophosphate solid electrolyte membranes for all-solid-state batteries. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Wang, Hui AU - Hood, Zachary D AU - Xia, Younan AU - Liang, Chengdu AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 8091 EP - 8096 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 4 IS - 21 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Storage KW - Electrolytes KW - Membranes KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Safety KW - Lithium KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808712379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Fabrication+of+ultrathin+solid+electrolyte+membranes+of+beta+-Li+sub%283%29PS+sub%284%29+nanoflakes+by+evaporation-induced+self-assembly+for+all-solid-state+batteries&rft.au=Wang%2C+Hui%3BHood%2C+Zachary+D%3BXia%2C+Younan%3BLiang%2C+Chengdu&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Hui&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=8091&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6ta02294d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Electrolytes; Membranes; Batteries; Energy; Safety; Sustainability; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta02294d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial and temporal trends in contaminant concentrations in Hexagenia nymphs following a coal ash spill at the Tennessee Valley Authority's Kingston Fossil Plant AN - 1787994755; PQ0002950694 AB - A dike failure at the Tennessee Valley Authority Kingston Fossil Plant in East Tennessee, United States, in December 2008, released approximately 4.1 million m super(3) of coal ash into the Emory River. From 2009 through 2012, samples of mayfly nymphs (Hexagenia bilineata) were collected each spring from sites in the Emory, Clinch, and Tennessee Rivers upstream and downstream of the spill. Samples were analyzed for 17 metals. Concentrations of metals were generally highest the first 2 miles downstream of the spill, and then decreased with increasing distance from the spill. Arsenic, B, Ba, Be, Mo, Sb, Se, Sr, and V appeared to have strong ash signatures, whereas Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb appeared to be associated with ash and other sources. However, the concentrations for most of these contaminants were modest and are unlikely to cause widespread negative ecological effects. Trends in Hg, Cd, and Zn suggested little (Hg) or no (Cd, Zn) association with ash. Temporal trends suggested that concentrations of ash-related contaminants began to subside after 2010, but because of the limited time period of that analysis (4yr), further monitoring is needed to verify this trend. The present study provides important information on the magnitude of contaminant exposure to aquatic receptors from a major coal ash spill, as well as spatial and temporal trends for transport of the associated contaminants in a large open watershed. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016; 35:1159-1171. Published 2015 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Smith, John G AU - Baker, Tyler F AU - Murphy, Cheryl A AU - Jett, RTrent AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 1159 EP - 1171 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Commerce Pl, 350 Main St Maiden MA 02148 United States VL - 35 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Copper KW - Coal KW - Hexagenia KW - Watersheds KW - Lead KW - Fossils KW - Zinc KW - Upstream KW - Downstream KW - Cadmium KW - Hexagenia bilineata KW - Rivers KW - Protein transport KW - Metals KW - Arsenic KW - Chromium KW - Ash KW - Valleys KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Contaminants KW - Z 05300:General KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - X 24360:Metals KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787994755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Spatial+and+temporal+trends+in+contaminant+concentrations+in+Hexagenia+nymphs+following+a+coal+ash+spill+at+the+Tennessee+Valley+Authority%27s+Kingston+Fossil+Plant&rft.au=Smith%2C+John+G%3BBaker%2C+Tyler+F%3BMurphy%2C+Cheryl+A%3BJett%2C+RTrent&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fetc.3253 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Metals; Protein transport; Arsenic; Chromium; Coal; Copper; Watersheds; Lead; Fossils; Zinc; Cadmium; Contaminants; Pollution monitoring; Ash; Valleys; Upstream; Downstream; Hexagenia; Hexagenia bilineata; USA, Tennessee DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.3253 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthetic Biology R&D Risks: Social-Institutional Contexts Matter! AN - 1787982761; PQ0002968314 AB - Factors that shape actual research practices - 'social and institutional context' - typically are missing from considerations of synthetic biology R&D-related risk and containment. We argue that analyzing context is essential in identifying circumstances that create, amplify, or diminish risk, and in revealing new opportunities for avoiding or managing those risks. JF - Trends in Biotechnology AU - Wolfe, Amy K AU - Campa, Maria Fernanda AU - Bergmann, Rachael A AU - Stelling, Savannah C AU - Bjornstad, David J AU - Shumpert, Barry L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 353 EP - 356 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 34 IS - 5 SN - 0167-7799, 0167-7799 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - synthetic biology KW - risk KW - R� social and institutional context KW - containment KW - Reviews KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787982761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Synthetic+Biology+R%26amp%3BD+Risks%3A+Social-Institutional+Contexts+Matter%21&rft.au=Wolfe%2C+Amy+K%3BCampa%2C+Maria+Fernanda%3BBergmann%2C+Rachael+A%3BStelling%2C+Savannah+C%3BBjornstad%2C+David+J%3BShumpert%2C+Barry+L&rft.aulast=Wolfe&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01677799&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tibtech.2016.01.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.01.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using landscape typologies to model socioecological systems: Application to agriculture of the United States Gulf Coast AN - 1785243480; PQ0002919595 AB - The complexity of socioecological systems (SES) has posed a persistent challenge to the development of methods for diagnostic and prognostic analyses of global change. We developed a high dimensional statistical framework where cluster analysis was used to characterize regional landscape typologies and those typologies are linked to the outcome of interest through regression modeling. For demonstration, we applied the framework to agroecosystem of the United States Gulf Coast to evaluate the determinants of spatial variability in crop yield. Regional biophysical typologies (BPT; integrated climate, soil, and topography clusters) and socioecological typologies (SET; BPT combined with socioeconomic clusters) were developed. The SET corn model (R2 = 0.89) outperformed the BPT corn model (R2 = 0.72) and a county fixed-effect model (R2 = 0.53), which reflects the socioeconomic influence over agricultural productivity. The SET model also showed similar predictive skill for soybean and cotton yield. Therefore impact analysis for agroecosystems can lead to incorrect conclusions if biophysical factors are not examined jointly with socioeconomic factors. JF - Environmental Modelling & Software AU - Surendran Nair, Sujithkumar AU - Preston, Benjamin L AU - King, Anthony W AU - Mei, Rui AD - Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831-6253, USA Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 85 EP - 95 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 79 SN - 1364-8152, 1364-8152 KW - Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Socioecological systems KW - Landscape typology KW - Socioecological typology KW - High-dimensional statistics KW - Agroecosystem KW - Adaptive capacity KW - Prediction KW - Agriculture KW - Typology KW - Cotton KW - Agricultural production KW - Socioeconomics KW - Gulfs KW - Crop Yield KW - Soil KW - Spatial variations KW - Computer programs KW - Corn KW - Soils KW - Coasts KW - Topography KW - Modelling KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Landscape KW - Crop yield KW - Impact analysis KW - ASW, USA, Gulf Coast KW - Model Studies KW - Soybeans KW - USA KW - Coastal zone KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 0810:General KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1785243480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.atitle=Using+landscape+typologies+to+model+socioecological+systems%3A+Application+to+agriculture+of+the+United+States+Gulf+Coast&rft.au=Surendran+Nair%2C+Sujithkumar%3BPreston%2C+Benjamin+L%3BKing%2C+Anthony+W%3BMei%2C+Rui&rft.aulast=Surendran+Nair&rft.aufirst=Sujithkumar&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.issn=13648152&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envsoft.2016.01.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Spatial variations; Prediction; Typology; Soils; Modelling; Cotton; Agricultural production; Landscape; Climate; Crop yield; Socioeconomics; Impact analysis; Soil; Computer programs; Coastal zone; Corn; Topography; Climates; Gulfs; Soybeans; Crop Yield; Coasts; Model Studies; USA; ASW, USA, Gulf Coast DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.01.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dispersal limitations on fish community recovery following long-term water quality remediation AN - 1780528460; PQ0002860011 AB - In-stream barriers may impose constraints on the ecological effectiveness of restoration strategies by limiting colonization. We assessed the importance of dispersal limitations to fish community recovery following long-term pollution abatement, water quality remediation, and species introductions within the White Oak Creek watershed near Oak Ridge, Tennessee (USA). Long-term (26 years) responses in fish species richness, biomass, and community composition to water quality remediation were evaluated in light of physical barriers (culverts and weirs). We found that barriers to dispersal were potentially limiting fish community recovery by preventing colonization by introduced species and seasonal migrants. Changes in richness were negatively related to barrier index, a measure of the degree of isolation by barriers. Following introductions, upstream passage for six fish species above non-passable barriers was not observed. Highly isolated sites were dominated by a few equilibrium species, whereas less isolated sites showed more variation in life history strategies with increasing periodic and opportunistic strategists. The importance of barriers on community dynamics decreased over time-an indication of increasing community stability, homogenization of fauna, and improved water quality. However, isolating the role of dispersal limitation was complicated by multiple interacting stressors, such as the compounding effects of barriers and pervasive water quality conditions. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - McManamay, Ryan A AU - Jett, Robert T AU - Ryon, Michael G AU - Gregory, Scott M AU - Stratton, Sally H AU - Peterson, Mark J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008 MS6351, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, mcmanamayra@ornl.gov Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 45 EP - 65 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 771 IS - 1 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Bioremediation KW - Barriers KW - Water quality KW - Watersheds KW - Restoration KW - Weirs KW - Colonization KW - Exotic Species KW - Seasonal variations KW - Species richness KW - Water Quality KW - Biomass KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Community composition KW - Fish KW - Dispersal KW - Isolation KW - Streams KW - Fauna KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - History KW - Upstream KW - Pollution KW - Light effects KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Life history KW - Remediation KW - Introduced species KW - Pollution control KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - D 04070:Pollution KW - Y 25150:General/Miscellaneous KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780528460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Dispersal+limitations+on+fish+community+recovery+following+long-term+water+quality+remediation&rft.au=McManamay%2C+Ryan+A%3BJett%2C+Robert+T%3BRyon%2C+Michael+G%3BGregory%2C+Scott+M%3BStratton%2C+Sally+H%3BPeterson%2C+Mark+J&rft.aulast=McManamay&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=771&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10750-015-2612-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colonization; Community composition; Barriers; Remediation; Watersheds; Introduced species; Water quality; Pollution control; Restoration; Life history; Dispersal; Biomass; Pollution; Species richness; Light effects; Bioremediation; Fauna; Sulfur dioxide; Upstream; Fish; Seasonal variations; Weirs; Exotic Species; History; Water Quality; Isolation; Streams; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge; USA, Tennessee DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-015-2612-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of thiols enrichment on Cr(VI) photo-reduction by natural organic matter (NOM). AN - 1775633487; 26946114 AB - Photochemical redox transformation of Cr(VI)-NOM complexes substantially affects transport and speciation of less toxic Cr(III) in natural waters. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study reported photochemical reactions of Cr(VI) with thiol-enriched NOM under acidic condition. More effective thiols enrichment in humic acid (HA) was observed than that in fulvic acid (FA), thereby resulting in a higher reduction capacity and faster rate of Cr(VI) photo-reduction. Chemical addition of sulfide to HA formed a large number of S-containing molecular formulae, which subsequently disappeared following reactions with Cr(VI) under solar irradiation. Cr(VI) photo-reduction in thiol-enriched HA consumed more S-containing formulae. Solar irradiation caused a rapid loss of the reduction capacities and thiol contents in HA and FA. All these findings can provide useful information for understanding the biogeochemical cycles of chromium and sulfur, and are also of environmental significance because they may partially account for photo-transformation of Cr(VI) when chromium enters into the aquatic environment as acidic industrial effluents. JF - Chemosphere AU - Luo, Hong-Wei AD - Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore. Electronic address: hwluo@ntu.edu.sg. Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 234 EP - 240 VL - 151 KW - Index Medicus KW - Thiols enrichment KW - Chromium KW - Natural organic matter KW - Photo-reduction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1775633487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Effect+of+thiols+enrichment+on+Cr%28VI%29+photo-reduction+by+natural+organic+matter+%28NOM%29.&rft.au=Luo%2C+Hong-Wei&rft.aulast=Luo&rft.aufirst=Hong-Wei&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=&rft.spage=234&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=1879-1298&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemosphere.2016.02.103 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-12-13 N1 - Date created - 2016-03-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-18 N1 - SuppNotes - Retraction In: Chemosphere. 2016 Oct;161:564 [27516054] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.103 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic Mercury Methylation and Demethylation by Geobacter bemidjiensis Bem. AN - 1782833096; 27019098 AB - Microbial methylation and demethylation are two competing processes controlling the net production and bioaccumulation of neurotoxic methylmercury (MeHg) in natural ecosystems. Although mercury (Hg) methylation by anaerobic microorganisms and demethylation by aerobic Hg-resistant bacteria have both been extensively studied, little attention has been given to MeHg degradation by anaerobic bacteria, particularly the iron-reducing bacterium Geobacter bemidjiensis Bem. Here we report, for the first time, that the strain G. bemidjiensis Bem can mediate a suite of Hg transformations, including Hg(II) reduction, Hg(0) oxidation, MeHg production and degradation under anoxic conditions. Results suggest that G. bemidjiensis utilizes a reductive demethylation pathway to degrade MeHg, with elemental Hg(0) as the major reaction product, possibly due to the presence of genes encoding homologues of an organomercurial lyase (MerB) and a mercuric reductase (MerA). In addition, the cells can strongly sorb Hg(II) and MeHg, reduce or oxidize Hg, resulting in both time and concentration-dependent Hg species transformations. Moderate concentrations (10-500 μM) of Hg-binding ligands such as cysteine enhance Hg(II) methylation but inhibit MeHg degradation. These findings indicate a cycle of Hg methylation and demethylation among anaerobic bacteria, thereby influencing net MeHg production in anoxic water and sediments. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Lu, Xia AU - Liu, Yurong AU - Johs, Alexander AU - Zhao, Linduo AU - Wang, Tieshan AU - Yang, Ziming AU - Lin, Hui AU - Elias, Dwayne A AU - Pierce, Eric M AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Barkay, Tamar AU - Gu, Baohua AD - School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, China. ; Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. ; Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. ; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States. Y1 - 2016/04/19/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Apr 19 SP - 4366 EP - 4373 VL - 50 IS - 8 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - mercuric reductase KW - EC 1.16.- KW - Lyases KW - EC 4.- KW - alkylmercury lyase KW - EC 4.99.1.2 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Cysteine KW - K848JZ4886 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Cysteine -- chemistry KW - Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Methylation KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- metabolism KW - Iron -- metabolism KW - Anaerobiosis KW - Lyases -- metabolism KW - Environmental Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Mercury -- metabolism KW - Geobacter -- metabolism KW - Environmental Pollutants -- chemistry KW - Mercury -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1782833096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+Mercury+Methylation+and+Demethylation+by+Geobacter+bemidjiensis+Bem.&rft.au=Lu%2C+Xia%3BLiu%2C+Yurong%3BJohs%2C+Alexander%3BZhao%2C+Linduo%3BWang%2C+Tieshan%3BYang%2C+Ziming%3BLin%2C+Hui%3BElias%2C+Dwayne+A%3BPierce%2C+Eric+M%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BBarkay%2C+Tamar%3BGu%2C+Baohua&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Xia&rft.date=2016-04-19&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4366&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.est.6b00401 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-12-13 N1 - Date created - 2016-04-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b00401 ER - TY - GEN T1 - This New Plastic Is 50% Renewable AN - 1782030113 JF - Breaking Energy AU - Dawn Levy |Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2016/04/19/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Apr 19 CY - New York PB - SyndiGate Media Inc KW - Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1782030113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aabitrade&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Breaking+Energy&rft.atitle=This+New+Plastic+Is+50%25+Renewable&rft.au=Dawn+Levy+%3BOak+Ridge+National+Laboratory&rft.aulast=Dawn+Levy+%7COak+Ridge+National+Laboratory&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2016-04-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Breaking+Energy&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Copyright - Copyright © 2016 Breaking Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Provided by SyndiGate Media Inc. (Syndigate.info). N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-20 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probing plasmons in three dimensions by combining complementary spectroscopies in a scanning transmission electron microscope. AN - 1770876219; 26934391 AB - The nanoscale optical response of surface plasmons in three-dimensional metallic nanostructures plays an important role in many nanotechnology applications, where precise spatial and spectral characteristics of plasmonic elements control device performance. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and cathodoluminescence (CL) within a scanning transmission electron microscope have proven to be valuable tools for studying plasmonics at the nanoscale. Each technique has been used separately, producing three-dimensional reconstructions through tomography, often aided by simulations for complete characterization. Here we demonstrate that the complementary nature of the two techniques, namely that EELS probes beam-induced electronic excitations while CL probes radiative decay, allows us to directly obtain a spatially- and spectrally-resolved picture of the plasmonic characteristics of nanostructures in three dimensions. The approach enables nanoparticle-by-nanoparticle plasmonic analysis in three dimensions to aid in the design of diverse nanoplasmonic applications. JF - Nanotechnology AU - Hachtel, J A AU - Marvinney, C AU - Mouti, A AU - Mayo, D AU - Mu, R AU - Pennycook, S J AU - Lupini, A R AU - Chisholm, M F AU - Haglund, R F AU - Pantelides, S T AD - Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN 37235, USA. Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. Y1 - 2016/04/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Apr 15 SP - 155202 VL - 27 IS - 15 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770876219?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanotechnology&rft.atitle=Probing+plasmons+in+three+dimensions+by+combining+complementary+spectroscopies+in+a+scanning+transmission+electron+microscope.&rft.au=Hachtel%2C+J+A%3BMarvinney%2C+C%3BMouti%2C+A%3BMayo%2C+D%3BMu%2C+R%3BPennycook%2C+S+J%3BLupini%2C+A+R%3BChisholm%2C+M+F%3BHaglund%2C+R+F%3BPantelides%2C+S+T&rft.aulast=Hachtel&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2016-04-15&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=155202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanotechnology&rft.issn=1361-6528&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0957-4484%2F27%2F15%2F155202 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-07-06 N1 - Date created - 2016-03-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/27/15/155202 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ mobility of uranium in the presence of nitrate following sulfate-reducing conditions AN - 1832596334; 772425-6 AB - Reoxidation and mobilization of previously reduced and immobilized uranium by dissolved-phase oxidants poses a significant challenge for remediating uranium-contaminated groundwater. Preferential oxidation of reduced sulfur-bearing species, as opposed to reduced uranium-bearing species, has been demonstrated to limit the mobility of uranium at the laboratory scale yet field-scale investigations are lacking. In this study, the mobility of uranium in the presence of nitrate oxidant was investigated in a shallow groundwater system after establishing conditions conducive to uranium reduction and the formation of reduced sulfur-bearing species. A series of three injections of groundwater (200 L) containing U(VI) (5 mu M) and amended with ethanol (40 mM) and sulfate (20 mM) were conducted in ten test wells in order to stimulate microbial-mediated reduction of uranium and the formation of reduced sulfur-bearing species. Simultaneous push-pull tests were then conducted in triplicate well clusters to investigate the mobility of U(VI) under three conditions: 1) high nitrate (120 mM), 2) high nitrate (120 mM) with ethanol (30 mM), and 3) low nitrate (2 mM) with ethanol (30 mM). Dilution-adjusted breakthrough curves of ethanol, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, and U(VI) suggested that nitrate reduction was predominantly coupled to the oxidation of reduced-sulfur bearing species, as opposed to the reoxidation of U(IV), under all three conditions for the duration of the 36-day tests. The amount of sulfate, but not U(VI), recovered during the push-pull tests was substantially more than injected, relative to bromide tracer, under all three conditions and further suggested that reduced sulfur-bearing species were preferentially oxidized under nitrate-reducing conditions. However, some reoxidation of U(IV) was observed under nitrate-reducing conditions and in the absence of detectable nitrate and/or nitrite. This suggested that reduced sulfur-bearing species may not be fully effective at limiting the mobility of uranium in the presence of dissolved and/or solid-phase oxidants. The results of this field study confirmed those of previous laboratory studies which suggested that reoxidation of uranium under nitrate-reducing conditions can be substantially limited by preferential oxidation of reduced sulfur-bearing species. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Paradis, Charles J AU - Jagadamma, Sindhu AU - Watson, David B AU - McKay, Larry D AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Park, Melora AU - Istok, Jonathan D Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 55 EP - 64 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 187 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - gas chromatograms KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - transport KW - Tennessee KW - alcohols KW - reduction KW - water pollution KW - Eh KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - in situ KW - sulfates KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - bioremediation KW - ethanol KW - organic compounds KW - ion chromatograms KW - metals KW - chromatograms KW - bacteria KW - sulfur KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832596334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=In+situ+mobility+of+uranium+in+the+presence+of+nitrate+following+sulfate-reducing+conditions&rft.au=Paradis%2C+Charles+J%3BJagadamma%2C+Sindhu%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BMcKay%2C+Larry+D%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BPark%2C+Melora%3BIstok%2C+Jonathan+D&rft.aulast=Paradis&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2016.02.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 64 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alcohols; bacteria; bioremediation; chromatograms; Eh; ethanol; gas chromatograms; ground water; in situ; ion chromatograms; metals; mobilization; nitrates; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; organic compounds; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; solute transport; solutes; sulfates; sulfur; Tennessee; transport; United States; uranium; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2016.02.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis of zeolites from a low-quality Colombian kaolin AN - 1819896526; 2016-081502 AB - At present, no production of zeolites is ongoing in Colombia; thus, because of the high demand in the industrial sector, approximately 2500 tons is imported annually from other countries such as Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, and the United States. In order minimize the need for these costly imports, the present study sought to evaluate the viability of producing low-silica zeolites through the hydrothermal synthesis of a Colombian kaolin, which contains quartz (40%) and iron-oxide impurities. The kaolin was subjected to a milling process to reduce the particle size to the order of 11 mu m, and was heat treated to transform it to metakaolin. Optimization of the synthesis variables (Na (sub 2) O/SiO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) O/Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) ratios, time, and temperature) was accomplished by applying an experimental design based on the 'Response Surface Methodology' technique. The degree of crystallinity and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) were used as response variables. The CEC was determined from the NTC 5167 standard. In addition, the mineralogical composition and the zeolite microstructure were evaluated using techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results indicated that synthetic type A zeolites with a CEC value of 442 cmol(+)/kg can be obtained from the Colombian kaolin, with the following optimal processing conditions: Na (sub 2) O/SiO (sub 2) molar ratio of 2.7, H (sub 2) O/Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) molar ratio of 150, temperature = 66 degrees C, and processing time = 8 h. Note that this value (442 cmol(+)/kg) is greater than that reported for an imported commercial zeolite (408 cmol(+)/kg) of the same type, which is currently being used in industry in Colombia. The nationwide availability of the raw material and the quality of the final product present opportunities to make this material available to the Colombian market. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Villaquiran-Caicedo, Monica A AU - de Gutierrez, Ruby M AU - Gordillo, Marisol AU - Gallego, Nidia C Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 75 EP - 85 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Chantilly, VA VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - clay mineralogy KW - metakaolin KW - Colombia KW - samples KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - South America KW - sediments KW - zeolite group KW - kaolin KW - framework silicates KW - Valle del Cauca Colombia KW - synthesis KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819896526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Synthesis+of+zeolites+from+a+low-quality+Colombian+kaolin&rft.au=Villaquiran-Caicedo%2C+Monica+A%3Bde+Gutierrez%2C+Ruby+M%3BGordillo%2C+Marisol%3BGallego%2C+Nidia+C&rft.aulast=Villaquiran-Caicedo&rft.aufirst=Monica&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/10.1346%2FCCMN.2016.0640201 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cms/ccm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Clay Minerals Society | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical composition; clastic sediments; clay mineralogy; Colombia; experimental studies; framework silicates; geochemistry; hydrothermal conditions; kaolin; metakaolin; samples; sediments; silicates; South America; synthesis; Valle del Cauca Colombia; zeolite group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2016.0640201 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defense of Cyber Infrastructures Against Cyber-Physical Attacks Using Game-Theoretic Models AN - 1787994163; PQ0002952920 AB - The operation of cyber infrastructures relies on both cyber and physical components, which are subject to incidental and intentional degradations of different kinds. Within the context of network and computing infrastructures, we study the strategic interactions between an attacker and a defender using game-theoretic models that take into account both cyber and physical components. The attacker and defender optimize their individual utilities, expressed as sums of cost and system terms. First, we consider a Boolean attack-defense model, wherein the cyber and physical subinfrastructures may be attacked and reinforced as individual units. Second, we consider a component attack-defense model wherein their components may be attacked and defended, and the infrastructure requires minimum numbers of both to function. We show that the Nash equilibrium under uniform costs in both cases is computable in polynomial time, and it provides high-level deterministic conditions for the infrastructure survival. When probabilities of successful attack and defense, and of incidental failures, are incorporated into the models, the results favor the attacker but otherwise remain qualitatively similar. This approach has been motivated and validated by our experiences with UltraScience Net infrastructure, which was built to support high-performance network experiments. The analytical results, however, are more general, and we apply them to simplified models of cloud and high-performance computing infrastructures. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Rao, Nageswara SV AU - Poole, Stephen W AU - Ma, Chris YT AU - He, Fei AU - Zhuang, Jun AU - Yau, David KY AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 694 EP - 710 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 36 IS - 4 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Infrastructure KW - Risk analysis KW - Game theory KW - Degradation KW - Survival KW - Utilities KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787994163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Defense+of+Cyber+Infrastructures+Against+Cyber-Physical+Attacks+Using+Game-Theoretic+Models&rft.au=Rao%2C+Nageswara+SV%3BPoole%2C+Stephen+W%3BMa%2C+Chris+YT%3BHe%2C+Fei%3BZhuang%2C+Jun%3BYau%2C+David+KY&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=Nageswara&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=694&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Frisa.12362 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Infrastructure; Risk analysis; Degradation; Game theory; Survival; Utilities DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/risa.12362 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Bayesian machine learning model for estimating building occupancy from open source data AN - 1776657742; PQ0002819245 AB - Understanding building occupancy is critical to a wide array of applications including natural hazards loss analysis, green building technologies, and population distribution modeling. Due to the expense of directly monitoring buildings, scientists rely in addition on a wide and disparate array of ancillary and open source information including subject matter expertise, survey data, and remote sensing information. These data are fused using data harmonization methods, which refer to a loose collection of formal and informal techniques for fusing data together to create viable content for building occupancy estimation. In this paper, we add to the current state of the art by introducing the population data tables (PDT), a Bayesian model and informatics system for systematically arranging data and harmonization techniques into a consistent, transparent, knowledge learning framework that retains in the final estimation uncertainty emerging from data, expert judgment, and model parameterization. PDT aims to estimate ambient occupancy in units of people/1000 ft super(2) for a number of building types at the national and sub-national level with the goal of providing global coverage. We present the PDT model, situate the work within the larger community, and report on the progress of this multi-year project. JF - Natural Hazards AU - Stewart, Robert AU - Urban, Marie AU - Duchscherer, Samantha AU - Kaufman, Jason AU - Morton, April AU - Thakur, Gautam AU - Piburn, Jesse AU - Moehl, Jessica AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, MS-6017, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, stewartrn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 1929 EP - 1956 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 81 IS - 3 SN - 0921-030X, 0921-030X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Informatics KW - Green development KW - Remote sensing KW - Buildings KW - Population distribution KW - Technology KW - M2 551.556:Wind Effects (551.556) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 05:Environmental Design & Urban Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776657742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+Hazards&rft.atitle=A+Bayesian+machine+learning+model+for+estimating+building+occupancy+from+open+source+data&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Robert%3BUrban%2C+Marie%3BDuchscherer%2C+Samantha%3BKaufman%2C+Jason%3BMorton%2C+April%3BThakur%2C+Gautam%3BPiburn%2C+Jesse%3BMoehl%2C+Jessica&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1929&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Natural+Hazards&rft.issn=0921030X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11069-016-2164-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Remote sensing; Informatics; Green development; Buildings; Population distribution; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-016-2164-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of metal(loid) bioaccumulation and maternal transfer on embryo-larval development in fish exposed to a major coal ash spill. AN - 1769619520; 26874676 AB - In December 2008, an earthen retaining wall at the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Kingston Fossil Fuel Plant failed and released 4.1 millionm(3) of coal ash to rivers flowing into Watts Bar Reservoir in east Tennessee, United States (U.S.). As part of a comprehensive effort to evaluate the risks to aquatic resources from this spill - the largest in U.S. history - we compared bioaccumulation and maternal transfer of selenium (Se), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) in adult redear sunfish (Lepomis macrolophus), collected two years after the spill from both coal-ash exposed and non-exposed areas of the Emory and Clinch Rivers, with the success of embryo-larval development in their offspring. Whole body and ovary concentrations of Se in female sunfish at three study sites downstream of the spill were significantly elevated (site means=4.9-5.3 and 6.7-9.0mg/kg d.w. whole body and ovary concentrations, respectively) compared with concentrations in fish from reference sites upstream of the spill site (2.2-3.2mg/kg d.w. for whole bodies and 3.6-4.8mg/kg d.w. for ovaries). However, Se concentrations in coal ash-exposed areas remain below proposed U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) criteria for the protection of aquatic life. Site-to-site variation in fish concentrations of As and Hg were not well-correlated with ash-exposure, reflecting the multiple sources of these metal(loid)s in the affected watersheds. In 7-day laboratory tests of embryos and larvae derived from in vitro crosses of eggs and sperm from these field-collected sunfish, fertilization success, hatching success, embryo-larval survival, and incidences of developmental abnormalities did not differ significantly between ash-exposed and non-exposed fish. Furthermore, these developmental endpoints were not correlated with whole body or ovary concentrations of Se, As, or Hg in the maternal fish, or with fish size, ovary weight, or gonadal-somatic indices. Results from this and related studies associated with the Kingston coal ash spill are consistent with proposed USEPA fish-based water quality criteria for Se, and to date continue to suggest that long-term exposures to sediment containing residual ash may not present a significant chronic risk to fish populations exposed to this major coal ash release. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Greeley, Mark S AU - Adams, S Marshall AU - Elmore, Logan R AU - McCracken, Mary K AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A.. Electronic address: greeleyms@ornl.gov. ; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A.. Electronic address: marshalladams3@comcast.net. ; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A.. Electronic address: Loganelmore63@gmail.com. ; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A.. Electronic address: mccrackenmk@ornl.gov. Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 165 EP - 177 VL - 173 KW - Coal Ash KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Index Medicus KW - Redear sunfish KW - TVA KW - Coal ash KW - United States KW - Selenium -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Mercury -- metabolism KW - Arsenic -- metabolism KW - Tennessee KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- drug effects KW - Rivers -- chemistry KW - Female KW - Coal Ash -- metabolism KW - Growth and Development -- drug effects KW - Coal Ash -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Perciformes -- embryology KW - Metals -- metabolism KW - Maternal Exposure KW - Perciformes -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769619520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.atitle=Influence+of+metal%28loid%29+bioaccumulation+and+maternal+transfer+on+embryo-larval+development+in+fish+exposed+to+a+major+coal+ash+spill.&rft.au=Greeley%2C+Mark+S%3BAdams%2C+S+Marshall%3BElmore%2C+Logan+R%3BMcCracken%2C+Mary+K&rft.aulast=Greeley&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=173&rft.issue=&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.issn=1879-1514&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aquatox.2015.12.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-09-01 N1 - Date created - 2016-02-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.12.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Graphene engineering by neon ion beams. AN - 1767067954; 26890062 AB - Achieving the ultimate limits of lithographic resolution and material performance necessitates engineering of matter with atomic, molecular, and mesoscale fidelity. With the advent of scanning helium ion microscopy, maskless He(+) and Ne(+) beam lithography of 2D materials, such as graphene-based nanoelectronics, is coming to the forefront as a tool for fabrication and surface manipulation. However, the effects of using a Ne focused-ion-beam on the fidelity of structures created out of 2D materials have yet to be explored. Here, we will discuss the use of energetic Ne ions in engineering graphene nanostructures and explore their mechanical, electromechanical and chemical properties using scanning probe microscopy (SPM). By using SPM-based techniques such as band excitation (BE) force modulation microscopy, Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and Raman spectroscopy, we are able to ascertain changes in the mechanical, electrical and optical properties of Ne(+) beam milled graphene nanostructures and surrounding regions. Additionally, we are able to link localized defects around the milled graphene to ion milling parameters such as dwell time and number of beam passes in order to characterize the induced changes in mechanical and electromechanical properties of the graphene surface. JF - Nanotechnology AU - Iberi, Vighter AU - Ievlev, Anton V AU - Vlassiouk, Ivan AU - Jesse, Stephen AU - Kalinin, Sergei V AU - Joy, David C AU - Rondinone, Adam J AU - Belianinov, Alex AU - Ovchinnikova, Olga S AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. Y1 - 2016/03/29/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Mar 29 SP - 125302 VL - 27 IS - 12 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1767067954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanotechnology&rft.atitle=Graphene+engineering+by+neon+ion+beams.&rft.au=Iberi%2C+Vighter%3BIevlev%2C+Anton+V%3BVlassiouk%2C+Ivan%3BJesse%2C+Stephen%3BKalinin%2C+Sergei+V%3BJoy%2C+David+C%3BRondinone%2C+Adam+J%3BBelianinov%2C+Alex%3BOvchinnikova%2C+Olga+S&rft.aulast=Iberi&rft.aufirst=Vighter&rft.date=2016-03-29&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=125302&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanotechnology&rft.issn=1361-6528&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0957-4484%2F27%2F12%2F125302 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2016-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/27/12/125302 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polarization Control via He-Ion Beam Induced Nanofabrication in Layered Ferroelectric Semiconductors. AN - 1775638556; 26918591 AB - Rapid advances in nanoscience rely on continuous improvements of material manipulation at near-atomic scales. Currently, the workhorse of nanofabrication is resist-based lithography and its various derivatives. However, the use of local electron, ion, and physical probe methods is expanding, driven largely by the need for fabrication without the multistep preparation processes that can result in contamination from resists and solvents. Furthermore, probe-based methods extend beyond nanofabrication to nanomanipulation and to imaging which are all vital for a rapid transition to the prototyping and testing of devices. In this work we study helium ion interactions with the surface of bulk copper indium thiophosphate CuM(III)P2X6 (M = Cr, In; X= S, Se), a novel layered 2D material, with a Helium Ion Microscope (HIM). Using this technique, we are able to control ferrielectric domains and grow conical nanostructures with enhanced conductivity whose material volumes scale with the beam dosage. Compared to the copper indium thiophosphate (CITP) from which they grow, the nanostructures are oxygen rich, sulfur poor, and with virtually unchanged copper concentration as confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging contrast as well as scanning microwave microscopy (SMM) measurements suggest enhanced conductivity in the formed particles, whereas atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements indicate that the produced structures have lower dissipation and are softer as compared to the CITP. JF - ACS applied materials & interfaces AU - Belianinov, Alex AU - Iberi, Vighter AU - Tselev, Alexander AU - Susner, Michael A AU - McGuire, Michael A AU - Joy, David AU - Jesse, Stephen AU - Rondinone, Adam J AU - Kalinin, Sergei V AU - Ovchinnikova, Olga S AD - The Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials and the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, ‡Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, and ⊥Materials Sciences and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. Y1 - 2016/03/23/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Mar 23 SP - 7349 EP - 7355 VL - 8 IS - 11 KW - 2D crystals KW - ferroelectricity KW - atomic force microscopy KW - layered materials KW - helium ion microscopy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1775638556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+applied+materials+%26+interfaces&rft.atitle=Polarization+Control+via+He-Ion+Beam+Induced+Nanofabrication+in+Layered+Ferroelectric+Semiconductors.&rft.au=Belianinov%2C+Alex%3BIberi%2C+Vighter%3BTselev%2C+Alexander%3BSusner%2C+Michael+A%3BMcGuire%2C+Michael+A%3BJoy%2C+David%3BJesse%2C+Stephen%3BRondinone%2C+Adam+J%3BKalinin%2C+Sergei+V%3BOvchinnikova%2C+Olga+S&rft.aulast=Belianinov&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.date=2016-03-23&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=7349&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+applied+materials+%26+interfaces&rft.issn=1944-8252&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facsami.5b12056 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-08-10 N1 - Date created - 2016-03-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b12056 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative exploration of hydrogen sulfide and water transmembrane free energy surfaces via orthogonal space tempering free energy sampling. AN - 1764698026; 26119423 AB - Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S), a commonly known toxic gas compound, possesses unique chemical features that allow this small solute molecule to quickly diffuse through cell membranes. Taking advantage of the recent orthogonal space tempering (OST) method, we comparatively mapped the transmembrane free energy landscapes of H2 S and its structural analogue, water (H2 O), seeking to decipher the molecular determinants that govern their drastically different permeabilities. As revealed by our OST sampling results, in contrast to the highly polar water solute, hydrogen sulfide is evidently amphipathic, and thus inside membrane is favorably localized at the interfacial region, that is, the interface between the polar head-group and nonpolar acyl chain regions. Because the membrane binding affinity of H2 S is mainly governed by its small hydrophobic moiety and the barrier height inbetween the interfacial region and the membrane center is largely determined by its moderate polarity, the transmembrane free energy barriers to encounter by this toxic molecule are very small. Moreover when H2 S diffuses from the bulk solution to the membrane center, the above two effects nearly cancel each other, so as to lead to a negligible free energy difference. This study not only explains why H2 S can quickly pass through cell membranes but also provides a practical illustration on how to use the OST free energy sampling method to conveniently analyze complex molecular processes. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Journal of computational chemistry AU - Lv, Chao AU - Aitchison, Erick W AU - Wu, Dongsheng AU - Zheng, Lianqing AU - Cheng, Xiaolin AU - Yang, Wei AD - Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306. ; Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306. ; UT-ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37830. Y1 - 2016/03/05/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Mar 05 SP - 567 EP - 574 VL - 37 IS - 6 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Hydrogen Sulfide KW - YY9FVM7NSN KW - Index Medicus KW - enhanced sampling KW - free energy calculation KW - membrane permeation KW - Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions KW - Computer Simulation KW - Thermodynamics KW - Humans KW - Diffusion KW - Cell Membrane Permeability KW - Models, Biological KW - Water -- metabolism KW - Hydrogen Sulfide -- metabolism KW - Hydrogen Sulfide -- chemistry KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Cell Membrane -- chemistry KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1764698026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+computational+chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparative+exploration+of+hydrogen+sulfide+and+water+transmembrane+free+energy+surfaces+via+orthogonal+space+tempering+free+energy+sampling.&rft.au=Lv%2C+Chao%3BAitchison%2C+Erick+W%3BWu%2C+Dongsheng%3BZheng%2C+Lianqing%3BCheng%2C+Xiaolin%3BYang%2C+Wei&rft.aulast=Lv&rft.aufirst=Chao&rft.date=2016-03-05&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+computational+chemistry&rft.issn=1096-987X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjcc.23982 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-10-25 N1 - Date created - 2016-02-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.23982 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal effects of groundwater flow through subarctic fens; a case study based on field observations and numerical modeling AN - 1815665168; 2016-076034 AB - Modeling and observation of ground temperature dynamics are the main tools for understanding current permafrost thermal regimes and projecting future thaw. Until recently, most studies on permafrost have focused on vertical ground heat fluxes. Groundwater can transport heat in both lateral and vertical directions but its influence on ground temperatures at local scales in permafrost environments is not well understood. In this study we combine field observations from a subarctic fen in the sporadic permafrost zone with numerical simulations of coupled water and thermal fluxes. At the Tavvavuoma study site in northern Sweden, ground temperature profiles and groundwater levels were observed in boreholes. These observations were used to set up one- and two-dimensional simulations down to 2 m depth across a gradient of permafrost conditions within and surrounding the fen. Two-dimensional scenarios representing the fen under various hydraulic gradients were developed to quantify the influence of groundwater flow on ground temperature. Our observations suggest that lateral groundwater flow significantly affects ground temperatures. This is corroborated by modeling results that show seasonal ground ice melts 1 month earlier when a lateral groundwater flux is present. Further, although the thermal regime may be dominated by vertically conducted heat fluxes during most of the year, isolated high groundwater flow rate events such as the spring freshet are potentially important for ground temperatures. As sporadic permafrost environments often contain substantial portions of unfrozen ground with active groundwater flow paths, knowledge of this heat transport mechanism is important for understanding permafrost dynamics in these environments. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Sjoberg, Ylva AU - Coon, Ethan AU - Sannel, A Britta K AU - Pannetier, Romain AU - Harp, Dylan AU - Frampton, Andrew AU - Painter, Scott L AU - Lyon, Steve W Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 1591 EP - 1606 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - peatlands KW - terrestrial environment KW - permafrost KW - Western Europe KW - numerical models KW - Europe KW - preferential flow KW - advection KW - thermal regime KW - Lapland KW - ground water KW - boreal environment KW - case studies KW - Scandinavia KW - mires KW - fens KW - Tavvavuoma National Park KW - ice KW - heat transfer KW - ground ice KW - thermal effects KW - Sweden KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815665168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Thermal+effects+of+groundwater+flow+through+subarctic+fens%3B+a+case+study+based+on+field+observations+and+numerical+modeling&rft.au=Sjoberg%2C+Ylva%3BCoon%2C+Ethan%3BSannel%2C+A+Britta+K%3BPannetier%2C+Romain%3BHarp%2C+Dylan%3BFrampton%2C+Andrew%3BPainter%2C+Scott+L%3BLyon%2C+Steve+W&rft.aulast=Sjoberg&rft.aufirst=Ylva&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1591&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR017571 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; boreal environment; case studies; Europe; fens; ground ice; ground water; heat transfer; ice; Lapland; mires; numerical models; peatlands; permafrost; preferential flow; Scandinavia; Sweden; Tavvavuoma National Park; terrestrial environment; thermal effects; thermal regime; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017571 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence of technetium and iodine release from a sodalite-bearing ceramic waste form AN - 1793208862; 2016-047200 AB - Sodalites have been proposed as a possible host of certain radioactive species, specifically (super 99) Tc and (super 129) I, which may be encapsulated into the cage structure of the mineral. To demonstrate the ability of this framework silicate mineral to encapsulate and immobilize (super 99) Tc and (super 129) I, single-pass flow-through (SPFT) tests were conducted on a sodalite-bearing multi-phase ceramic waste form produced through a steam reforming process. Two samples made using a steam reformer samples were produced using non-radioactive I and Re (as a surrogate for Tc), while a third sample was produced using actual radioactive tank waste containing Tc and added Re. One of the non-radioactive samples was produced with an engineering-scale steam reformer while the other non-radioactive sample and the radioactive sample were produced using a bench-scale steam reformer. For all three steam reformer products, the similar steady-state dilute-solution release rates for Re, I, and Tc at pH (25 degrees C) = 9 and 40 degrees C were measured. However, it was found that the Re, I, and Tc releases were equal or up to 4.5x higher compared to the release rates of the network-forming elements, Na, Al, and Si. The similar releases of Re and Tc in the SPFT test, and the similar time-dependent shapes of the release curves for samples containing I, suggest that Re, Tc, and I partition to the sodalite minerals during the steam reforming process. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Neeway, James J AU - Qafoku, Nikolla P AU - Williams, Benjamin D AU - Snyder, Michelle M V AU - Brown, Christopher F AU - Pierce, Eric M Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 210 EP - 218 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 66 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - hazardous waste KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - mass spectra KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - iodine KW - radioactive isotopes KW - I-129 KW - sodalite group KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - ceramic materials KW - pH KW - technetium KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Tc-99 KW - ICP mass spectra KW - metals KW - reservoir properties KW - sodalite KW - waste disposal KW - crystal chemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793208862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Evidence+of+technetium+and+iodine+release+from+a+sodalite-bearing+ceramic+waste+form&rft.au=Neeway%2C+James+J%3BQafoku%2C+Nikolla+P%3BWilliams%2C+Benjamin+D%3BSnyder%2C+Michelle+M+V%3BBrown%2C+Christopher+F%3BPierce%2C+Eric+M&rft.aulast=Neeway&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=&rft.spage=210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2015.12.017 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ceramic materials; crystal chemistry; framework silicates; halogens; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; I-129; ICP mass spectra; iodine; isotopes; mass spectra; metals; pH; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; silicates; sodalite; sodalite group; spectra; Tc-99; technetium; United States; Washington; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.12.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interflow dynamics on a low relief forested hill slope; lots of fill, little spill AN - 1793206521; 2016-049544 AB - We evaluated the occurrence of perching and interflow over and within a sandy clay loam argillic horizon within first-order, low-relief, forested catchments at the Savannah River Site (SRS) in the Upper Coastal Plain of South Carolina. We measured soil hydraulic properties, depths to the argillic layer, soil moisture, shallow groundwater behavior, interflow interception trench flows, and streamflow over a 4-year period to explore the nature and variability of soil hydraulic characteristics, the argillic "topography", and their influence on interflow generation. Perching occurred frequently within and above the restricting argillic horizons during our monitoring period, but interflow was infrequent due to microtopographic relief and associated depression storage on the argillic layer surface. High percolation rates through the argillic horizon, particularly through soil anomalies, also reduced the importance of interflow. Interflow generation was highly variable across eleven segments of a 121 m interception trench. Hillslopes were largely disconnected from stream behavior during storms. Hillslope processes were consistent with the fill-and-spill hypothesis and featured a sequence of distinct thresholds: vertical wetting front propagation to the argillic layer; saturation of the argillic followed by local perching; filling of argillic layer depressions; and finally connectivity of depressions leading to interflow generation. Analysis of trench flow data indicated a cumulative rainfall threshold of 60 mm to generate interflow, a value at the high end of the range of thresholds reported elsewhere. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Du, Enhao AU - Rhett Jackson, C AU - Klaus, Julian AU - McDonnell, Jeffrey J AU - Griffiths, Natalie A AU - Williamson, Margaret F AU - Greco, James L AU - Bitew, Menberu Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 648 EP - 658 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 534 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - clay KW - hills KW - South Carolina KW - slopes KW - rivers and streams KW - relief KW - movement KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - soils KW - forests KW - bedrock KW - clastic sediments KW - drainage KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - connectivity KW - loam KW - runoff KW - mathematical methods KW - depressions KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Savannah River Site KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Interflow+dynamics+on+a+low+relief+forested+hill+slope%3B+lots+of+fill%2C+little+spill&rft.au=Du%2C+Enhao%3BRhett+Jackson%2C+C%3BKlaus%2C+Julian%3BMcDonnell%2C+Jeffrey+J%3BGriffiths%2C+Natalie+A%3BWilliamson%2C+Margaret+F%3BGreco%2C+James+L%3BBitew%2C+Menberu&rft.aulast=Du&rft.aufirst=Enhao&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=534&rft.issue=&rft.spage=648&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2016.01.039 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; clastic sediments; clay; connectivity; depressions; drainage; drainage basins; forests; hills; hydraulic conductivity; loam; mathematical methods; movement; relief; rivers and streams; runoff; Savannah River Site; sediments; slopes; soils; South Carolina; statistical analysis; surface water; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.01.039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The occurrence of tricin and its derivatives in plants AN - 1776648344; PQ0002812765 AB - Our understanding of the structure and biosynthetic pathway of lignin, a phenylpropanoid heteropolymer, continues to evolve, especially with the discovery of new lignin monomers/structural moieties such as monolignol acetate, hydroxycinnamyl aldehyde/alcohol, and p-hydroxybenzoate in the past decades. Recently, tricin has been reported as a component incorporated into monocot lignin. As a flavonoid compound widely distributed in herbaceous plants, tricin has been extensively studied due to its biological significance in plant growth as well as its potential for pharmaceutical importance. Tricin is biosynthesized as a constituent of plant secondary metabolites through a combination of phenylpropanoid and polyketide pathways. Tricin occurs in plants in either free or conjugated forms such as tricin-glycosides, tricin-lignans, and tricin-lignan-glycosides.The emergence of tricin covalently incorporated with lignin biopolymer implies the possible association of lignification and tricin biosynthesis. This review summarizes the occurrence of tricin and its derivatives in plants. In addition, synthesis, potential application, and characterization of tricin are discussed. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Li, Mi AU - Pu, Yunqiao AU - Yoo, Chang Geun AU - Ragauskas, Arthur J AD - BioEnergy Science Center; Biosciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA; +1 865 974 7076; +1 865 974 2042 Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 1439 EP - 1454 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 18 IS - 6 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Alcohol KW - Biosynthesis KW - Flavonoids KW - Reviews KW - Green development KW - Biopolymers KW - Secondary metabolites KW - Plant growth KW - Aldehydes KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776648344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+occurrence+of+tricin+and+its+derivatives+in+plants&rft.au=Li%2C+Mi%3BPu%2C+Yunqiao%3BYoo%2C+Chang+Geun%3BRagauskas%2C+Arthur+J&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Mi&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5gc03062e LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 185 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biosynthesis; Alcohol; Flavonoids; Reviews; Green development; Biopolymers; Secondary metabolites; Plant growth; Aldehydes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5gc03062e ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Group precipitation and age hardening of nanostructured Fe-based alloys with ultra-high strengths. AN - 1767077467; 26892834 AB - The precipitation of nanoparticles plays a key role in determining the properties of many structural materials, and the understanding of their formation and stabilization mechanisms has been a long standing interest in the material field. However, the critical issues involving the group precipitation of various nanoparticles and their cooperative hardening mechanism remain elusive in the newly discovered Fe-based alloys with nanostructures. Here we quantitatively elucidate the nucleation mechanism, evolution kinetics and hardening effects of the group-precipitated nanoparticles in the Fe-Cu-Ni-Al-based alloys by atom probe tomography together with both first-principles and thermodynamic calculations. Our results provide the compelling evidence for two interesting but complex group precipitation pathways of nanoparticles, i.e., the Cu-rich and NiAl-based precipitations. The co-existence of the two precipitation pathways plays a key role in age hardening kinetics and ultimately enhances the hardening response, as compared to the single particle type of strengthening, therefore providing an effective new approach for strengthening materials for structural applications. JF - Scientific reports AU - Jiao, Z B AU - Luan, J H AU - Miller, M K AU - Yu, C Y AU - Liu, C T AD - Center for Advanced Structural Materials, Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. ; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. Y1 - 2016/02/19/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Feb 19 SP - 21364 VL - 6 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1767077467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Group+precipitation+and+age+hardening+of+nanostructured+Fe-based+alloys+with+ultra-high+strengths.&rft.au=Jiao%2C+Z+B%3BLuan%2C+J+H%3BMiller%2C+M+K%3BYu%2C+C+Y%3BLiu%2C+C+T&rft.aulast=Jiao&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2016-02-19&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=21364&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep21364 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-08-04 N1 - Date created - 2016-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep21364 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental calibration of silicon and oxygen isotope fractionations between quartz and water at 250 degrees C by in situ microanalysis of experimental products and application to zoned low delta (super 30) Si quartz overgrowths AN - 1789748741; 2016-042418 AB - The interpretation of silicon isotope data for quartz is hampered by the lack of experimentally determined fractionation factors between quartz and fluid. Further, there is a large spread in published oxygen isotope fractionation factors at low temperatures, primarily due to extrapolation from experimental calibrations at high temperature. We present the first measurements of silicon isotope ratios from experimentally precipitated quartz and estimate the equilibrium fractionation vs. dissolved silica using a novel in situ analysis technique applying secondary ion mass spectrometry to directly analyze experimental products. These experiments also yield a new value for oxygen isotope fractionation. Quartz overgrowths up to 235 mu m thick were precipitated in silica-H (sub 2) O-NaOH-NaCl fluids, at pH 12-13 and 250 degrees C. At this temperature, 1000lnalpha (super 30) Si(Qtz-fluid) = 0.55 + or - 0.10 ppm and 1000lnalpha (super 18) O(Qtz-fluid) = 10.62 + or - 0.13 ppm, yielding the relations 1000lnalpha (super 30) Si(Qtz-fluid) = (0.15 + or - 0.03) * 10 (super 6) /T (super 2) and 1000lnalpha (super 18) O(Qtz-fluid) = (2.91 + or - 0.04) * 10 (super 6) /T (super 2) when extended to zero fractionation at infinite temperature. Values of delta (super 30) Si(Qtz) from diagenetic cement in sandstones from the basal Cambrian Mt. Simon Formation in central North America range from 0 to - 5.4 ppm. Paired delta (super 18) O and delta (super 30) Si values from individual overgrowths preserve a record of Precambrian weathering and fluid transport. The application of the experimental quartz growth results to observations from natural sandstone samples suggests that precipitation of quartz at low temperatures in nature is dominated by kinetic, rather than equilibrium, processes. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Pollington, Anthony D AU - Kozdon, Reinhard AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Georg, R Bastian AU - Spicuzza, Michael J AU - Valley, John W Y1 - 2016/02/10/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Feb 10 SP - 127 EP - 142 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 421 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - isotope fractionation KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - silica minerals KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - fluid phase KW - crystal growth KW - calibration KW - Mount Simon Sandstone KW - silicon KW - stable isotopes KW - Cambrian KW - temperature KW - Upper Cambrian KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - phase equilibria KW - Eau Claire Formation KW - paleosols KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - Wisconsin KW - kinetics KW - zoning KW - pH KW - water KW - chemical weathering KW - experimental studies KW - Precambrian KW - Illinois KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - weathering KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - ICP mass spectra KW - paleoenvironment KW - precipitation KW - quartz KW - crystallization KW - unconformities KW - mobilization KW - Si-30/Si-28 KW - crystal chemistry KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789748741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Experimental+calibration+of+silicon+and+oxygen+isotope+fractionations+between+quartz+and+water+at+250+degrees+C+by+in+situ+microanalysis+of+experimental+products+and+application+to+zoned+low+delta+%28super+30%29+Si+quartz+overgrowths&rft.au=Pollington%2C+Anthony+D%3BKozdon%2C+Reinhard%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BGeorg%2C+R+Bastian%3BSpicuzza%2C+Michael+J%3BValley%2C+John+W&rft.aulast=Pollington&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2016-02-10&rft.volume=421&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2015.11.011 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 83 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; Cambrian; chemical reactions; chemical weathering; crystal chemistry; crystal growth; crystallization; Eau Claire Formation; experimental studies; fluid phase; framework silicates; hydrothermal conditions; ICP mass spectra; Illinois; ion probe data; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; mass spectra; mobilization; Mount Simon Sandstone; O-18/O-16; oxygen; paleoenvironment; paleosols; Paleozoic; pH; phase equilibria; Precambrian; precipitation; quartz; Si-30/Si-28; silica minerals; silicates; silicon; spectra; stable isotopes; temperature; unconformities; United States; Upper Cambrian; water; water-rock interaction; weathering; Wisconsin; zoning DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.11.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of gut microbiota in fetal methylmercury exposure: Insights from a pilot study. AN - 1760852629; 26626101 AB - PURPOSEThe mechanisms by which gut microbiota contribute to methylmercury metabolism remain unclear. Among a cohort of pregnant mothers, the objectives of our pilot study were to determine (1) associations between gut microbiota and mercury concentrations in biomarkers (stool, hair and cord blood) and (2) the contributions of gut microbial mercury methylation/demethylation to stool methylmercury.METHODSPregnant women (36-39 weeks gestation, n=17) donated hair and stool specimens, and cord blood was collected for a subset (n=7). The diversity of gut microbiota was determined using 16S rRNA gene profiling (n=17). For 6 stool samples with highest/lowest methylmercury concentrations, metagenomic whole genome shotgun sequencing was employed to search for the mercury methylation gene (hgcA), and two mer operon genes involved in methylmercury detoxification (merA and merB).RESULTSSeventeen bacterial genera were significantly correlated (increasing or decreasing) with stool methylmercury, stool inorganic mercury, or hair total mercury; however, aside from one genus, there was no overlap between biomarkers. There were no definitive matches for hgcA or merB, while merA was detected at low concentrations in all six samples.MAJOR CONCLUSIONSProportional differences in stool methylmercury were not likely attributed to gut microbiota through methylation/demethylation. Gut microbiota potentially altered methylmercury metabolism using indirect pathways. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Rothenberg, Sarah E AU - Keiser, Sharon AU - Ajami, Nadim J AU - Wong, Matthew C AU - Gesell, Jonathan AU - Petrosino, Joseph F AU - Johs, Alexander AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street Room 401, Columbia, SC, USA. Electronic address: rothenbs@mailbox.sc.edu. ; Greenville Health System, Maternal Fetal Medicine, 890 W. Faris Road, Suite 470, Greenville, SC 29605, USA. Electronic address: skeiser@ghs.org. ; The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research (CMMR), Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address: Nadim.Ajami@bcm.edu. ; The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research (CMMR), Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address: matthew.wong@bcm.edu. ; The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research (CMMR), Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address: Jonathan.Gesell@bcm.edu. ; The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research (CMMR), Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address: jpetrosi@bcm.edu. ; Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6038 Oak Ridge, TN, USA. Electronic address: johsa@ornl.gov. Y1 - 2016/02/03/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Feb 03 SP - 60 EP - 67 VL - 242 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - mercuric reductase KW - EC 1.16.- KW - Lyases KW - EC 4.- KW - MerB protein, Bacteria KW - EC 4.99.1.2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Gut microbiota KW - Prenatal KW - Microbiome KW - Mercury KW - Metabolism KW - Ribotyping KW - Pregnancy Trimester, Third KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Bacterial Proteins -- metabolism KW - Gestational Age KW - Lyases -- genetics KW - Pilot Projects KW - Metagenome KW - Feces -- chemistry KW - Gene Expression Profiling -- methods KW - Maternal Exposure KW - Pregnancy KW - Lyases -- metabolism KW - Metagenomics -- methods KW - Oxidoreductases -- genetics KW - Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Biotransformation KW - Hair -- chemistry KW - Female KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- genetics KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- blood KW - Gastrointestinal Microbiome KW - Fetal Blood -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- classification KW - Gastrointestinal Tract -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1760852629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=The+role+of+gut+microbiota+in+fetal+methylmercury+exposure%3A+Insights+from+a+pilot+study.&rft.au=Rothenberg%2C+Sarah+E%3BKeiser%2C+Sharon%3BAjami%2C+Nadim+J%3BWong%2C+Matthew+C%3BGesell%2C+Jonathan%3BPetrosino%2C+Joseph+F%3BJohs%2C+Alexander&rft.aulast=Rothenberg&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft.date=2016-02-03&rft.volume=242&rft.issue=&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=1879-3169&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.toxlet.2015.11.022 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-05-09 N1 - Date created - 2016-01-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Arch Environ Health. 2000 Jan-Feb;55(1):44-7 [10735519] Science. 2011 Oct 7;334(6052):105-8 [21885731] FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2003 Jun;27(2-3):355-84 [12829275] Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2004 Sep;54(Pt 5):1469-76 [15388697] Experientia. 1975 SEP 15;31(9):1064-5 [1100426] Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh). 1981 Oct;49(4):259-65 [7342686] Arch Environ Health. 1984 Nov-Dec;39(6):401-8 [6524959] Arch Toxicol. 1986 Jul;59(2):94-8 [3019277] ISME J. 2012 Aug;6(8):1621-4 [22402401] ISME J. 2012 Aug;6(8):1449-58 [22437156] Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2012 Aug;62(Pt 8):1902-7 [22859731] Toxicology. 2013 Sep 15;311(3):147-53 [23793072] Toxicol Lett. 2013 Oct 24;222(2):132-8 [23916686] Environ Sci Technol. 2013 Oct 15;47(20):11810-20 [24024607] Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan;42(Database issue):D199-205 [24214961] Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 May;99(5):1066-70 [24522443] Environ Microbiol. 2014 Sep;16(9):2891-904 [24033881] MBio. 2014;5(5):e01580-14 [25293764] Environ Res. 2015 Apr;138:173-80 [25721244] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015 May 1;81(9):3205-17 [25724962] Cell. 2012 Aug 3;150(3):470-80 [22863002] Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Jan;41(Database issue):D590-6 [23193283] J Environ Health. 2013 Jan-Feb;75(6):38-43 [23397648] J Anal Toxicol. 2000 Jul-Aug;24(5):328-32 [10926355] Arch Toxicol. 1992;66(1):40-4 [1316116] Neurotoxicology. 1995 Winter;16(4):705-10 [8714874] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1997 Mar;63(3):1066-76 [9055422] Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1635-8 [15831718] Int J Dermatol. 2005 Oct;44 Suppl 1:6-9 [16187948] Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Oct;113(10):1376-80 [16203250] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Dec;71(12):8228-35 [16332807] Crit Rev Toxicol. 2006 Sep;36(8):609-62 [16973445] Environ Health Perspect. 2007 Jan;115(1):42-7 [17366817] Environ Res. 2007 Oct;105(2):183-93 [17374370] Nat Methods. 2010 May;7(5):335-6 [20383131] Br J Nutr. 2010 Jul;104(1):83-92 [20205964] Bioinformatics. 2010 Oct 1;26(19):2460-1 [20709691] Am J Gastroenterol. 2010 Nov;105(11):2420-8 [20648002] J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Apr 26;135(1):110-5 [21382464] Science. 2013 Mar 15;339(6125):1332-5 [23393089] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.11.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating marginal likelihood with thermodynamic integration method and comparison with several other numerical methods AN - 1812212295; 2016-070532 AB - Evaluating marginal likelihood is the most critical and computationally expensive task, when conducting Bayesian model averaging to quantify parametric and model uncertainties. The evaluation is commonly done by using Laplace approximations to evaluate semianalytical expressions of the marginal likelihood or by using Monte Carlo (MC) methods to evaluate arithmetic or harmonic mean of a joint likelihood function. This study introduces a new MC method, i.e., thermodynamic integration, which has not been attempted in environmental modeling. Instead of using samples only from prior parameter space (as in arithmetic mean evaluation) or posterior parameter space (as in harmonic mean evaluation), the thermodynamic integration method uses samples generated gradually from the prior to posterior parameter space. This is done through a path sampling that conducts Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation with different power coefficient values applied to the joint likelihood function. The thermodynamic integration method is evaluated using three analytical functions by comparing the method with two variants of the Laplace approximation method and three MC methods, including the nested sampling method that is recently introduced into environmental modeling. The thermodynamic integration method outperforms the other methods in terms of their accuracy, convergence, and consistency. The thermodynamic integration method is also applied to a synthetic case of groundwater modeling with four alternative models. The application shows that model probabilities obtained using the thermodynamic integration method improves predictive performance of Bayesian model averaging. The thermodynamic integration method is mathematically rigorous, and its MC implementation is computationally general for a wide range of environmental problems. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Liu, Peigui AU - Elshall, Ahmed S AU - Ye, Ming AU - Beerli, Peter AU - Zeng, Xiankui AU - Lu, Dan AU - Tao, Yuezan Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 734 EP - 758 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - Laplace transformations KW - ground water KW - maximum likelihood KW - mathematical methods KW - theoretical models KW - thermodynamic properties KW - Markov chain analysis KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812212295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Evaluating+marginal+likelihood+with+thermodynamic+integration+method+and+comparison+with+several+other+numerical+methods&rft.au=Liu%2C+Peigui%3BElshall%2C+Ahmed+S%3BYe%2C+Ming%3BBeerli%2C+Peter%3BZeng%2C+Xiankui%3BLu%2C+Dan%3BTao%2C+Yuezan&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Peigui&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=734&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014WR016718 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bayesian analysis; ground water; hydrology; Laplace transformations; Markov chain analysis; mathematical methods; maximum likelihood; Monte Carlo analysis; numerical models; statistical analysis; theoretical models; thermodynamic properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016718 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigating the association between sociodemographic factors and lung cancer risk using cyber informatics AN - 1808632791; PQ0003167048 AB - Openly available online sources can be very valuable for executing in silico case-control epidemiological studies. Adjustment of confounding factors to isolate the association between an observing factor and disease is essential for such studies. However, such information is not always readily available online. This paper suggests natural language processing methods for extracting socio-demographic information from content openly available online. Feasibility of the suggested method is demonstrated by performing a case-control study focusing on the association between age, gender, and income level and lung cancer risk. The study shows stronger association between older age and lower socioeconomic status and higher lung cancer risk, which is consistent with the findings reported in traditional cancer epidemiology studies. JF - IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics AU - Yoon, Hong-Jun AU - Tourassi, Georgia AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 557 EP - 560 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 3 Park Avenue, 17th Fl New York NY 10016-5997 United States KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Socio-economic aspects KW - Age KW - Conferences KW - Epidemiology KW - Informatics KW - Risk factors KW - Geriatrics KW - Language KW - Internet KW - Lung cancer KW - W 30970:Book & Conference Notices UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808632791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Journal+of+Biomedical+and+Health+Informatics&rft.atitle=Investigating+the+association+between+sociodemographic+factors+and+lung+cancer+risk+using+cyber+informatics&rft.au=Yoon%2C+Hong-Jun%3BTourassi%2C+Georgia&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Hong-Jun&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=557&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+Journal+of+Biomedical+and+Health+Informatics&rft.issn=2168-2208&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FBHI.2016.7455958 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Socio-economic aspects; Age; Epidemiology; Conferences; Informatics; Risk factors; Geriatrics; Language; Internet; Lung cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/BHI.2016.7455958 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-performance computing framework for predictive simulation of healthcare delivery innovation AN - 1808632673; PQ0003167075 AB - In a complex healthcare delivery environment there are unforeseen risks and uncertainties that may unfold when new policies are applied. In silico predictive simulation approaches allow exploration of potential responses of a system to new policy and rule implementations. The validity of such computational models comes into question unless they operate with realistic representations which require significant modeling detail over a large-scale, and with high accuracy. This necessitates a large amount of computing capacity and data management. To address these needs we propose a high-performance computing (HPC) agent-based framework for healthcare system predictive simulations. The framework is designed to emulate a healthcare system modeled at high fidelity and with high resolution data, evaluate its performance in response to different user defined policies, and find polices that maximize outcome measures and system efficiency. The paper details our data preparation procedures, and describes how the framework is implemented and run on a supercomputer to model a healthcare system at an appropriately large scale. JF - IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics AU - Park, Byung H AU - Ozmen, Ozgur AU - Weigand, Gil AU - Shankar, Mallikarjun AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6085, USA Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 517 EP - 520 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 3 Park Avenue, 17th Fl New York NY 10016-5997 United States KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Fidelity KW - Data processing KW - Mathematical models KW - Conferences KW - Informatics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808632673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Journal+of+Biomedical+and+Health+Informatics&rft.atitle=High-performance+computing+framework+for+predictive+simulation+of+healthcare+delivery+innovation&rft.au=Park%2C+Byung+H%3BOzmen%2C+Ozgur%3BWeigand%2C+Gil%3BShankar%2C+Mallikarjun&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Byung&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+Journal+of+Biomedical+and+Health+Informatics&rft.issn=2168-2208&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FBHI.2016.7455948 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fidelity; Mathematical models; Data processing; Conferences; Informatics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/BHI.2016.7455948 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting lung cancer incidence from air pollution exposures using shapelet-based time series analysis AN - 1808632247; PQ0003167056 AB - In this paper we investigated whether the geographical variation of lung cancer incidence can be predicted through examining the spatiotemporal trend of particulate matter air pollution levels. Regional trends of air pollution levels were analyzed by a novel shapelet-based time series analysis technique. First, we identified U.S. counties with reportedly high and low lung cancer incidence between 2008 and 2012 via the State Cancer Profiles provided by the National Cancer Institute. Then, we collected particulate matter exposure levels (PM2.5 and PM10) of the counties for the previous decade (1998-2007) via the AirData dataset provided by the Environmental Protection Agency. Using shapelet-based time series pattern mining, regional environmental exposure profiles were examined to identify frequently occurring sequential exposure patterns. Finally, a binary classifier was designed to predict whether a U.S. region is expected to experience high lung cancer incidence based on the region's PM2.5 and PM10 exposure the decade prior. The study confirmed the association between prolonged PM exposure and lung cancer risk. In addition, the study findings suggest that not only cumulative exposure levels but also the temporal variability of PM exposure influence lung cancer risk. JF - IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics AU - Yoon, Hong-Jun AU - Xu, Songhua AU - Tourassi, Georgia AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 565 EP - 568 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 3 Park Avenue, 17th Fl New York NY 10016-5997 United States KW - Pollution Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Particle size KW - Conferences KW - Informatics KW - Particulate matter KW - Pollution effects KW - Particulates KW - Time series analysis KW - Cancer KW - Air pollution KW - Health risks KW - EPA KW - Geographical variations KW - Lung cancer KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808632247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Journal+of+Biomedical+and+Health+Informatics&rft.atitle=Predicting+lung+cancer+incidence+from+air+pollution+exposures+using+shapelet-based+time+series+analysis&rft.au=Yoon%2C+Hong-Jun%3BXu%2C+Songhua%3BTourassi%2C+Georgia&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Hong-Jun&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=565&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+Journal+of+Biomedical+and+Health+Informatics&rft.issn=2168-2208&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FBHI.2016.7455960 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Conferences; Informatics; Particulate matter; Geographical variations; Lung cancer; Particle size; EPA; Health risks; Pollution effects; Particulates; Time series analysis; Cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/BHI.2016.7455960 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dual nitrate isotopes clarify the role of biological processing and hydrologic flow paths on nitrogen cycling in subtropical low-gradient watersheds AN - 1780524963; PQ0002833263 AB - Nitrogen (N) is an important nutrient as it often limits productivity but in excess can impair water quality. Most studies on watershed N cycling have occurred in upland forested catchments where snowmelt dominates N export; fewer studies have focused on low-relief watersheds that lack snow. We examined watershed N cycling in three adjacent, low-relief watersheds in the Upper Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States to better understand the role of hydrological flow paths and biological transformations of N at the watershed scale. Groundwater was the dominant source of nitrified N to stream water in two of the three watersheds, while atmospheric deposition comprised 28% of stream water nitrate in one watershed. The greater atmospheric contribution may have been due to the larger stream channel area relative to total watershed area or the dominance of shallow subsurface flow paths contributing to stream flow in this watershed. There was a positive relationship between temperature and stream water ammonium concentrations and a negative relationship between temperature and stream water nitrate concentrations in each watershed suggesting that N cycling processes (i.e., nitrification and denitrification) varied seasonally. However, there were no clear patterns in the importance of denitrification in different water pools possibly because a variety of factors (i.e., assimilatory uptake, dissimilatory uptake, and mixing) affected nitrate concentrations. Together, these results highlight the hydrological and biological controls on N cycling in low-gradient watersheds and variability in N delivery flow paths among adjacent watersheds with similar physical characteristics. Key Points * Groundwater was the dominant source of nitrified N to streams in low-gradient watersheds * However, despite flat topography, precipitation was a measureable source of stream nitrate * N delivery flow paths varied among adjacent watersheds with similar characteristics JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. G. Biogeosciences AU - Griffiths, Natalie A AU - Jackson, CRhett AU - McDonnell, Jeffrey J AU - Klaus, Julian AU - Du, Enhao AU - Bitew, Menberu M AD - Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 422 EP - 437 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 2 SN - 2169-8953, 2169-8953 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Flow KW - Transformation KW - Biological control KW - Nitrate KW - Isotopes KW - Nutrients KW - USA, Southeast KW - Water quality KW - Watersheds KW - Streams KW - Denitrification KW - Absorption KW - Ground water KW - Topography KW - Temperature effects KW - Ammonium KW - Physical characteristics KW - Nitrates KW - Snow KW - Temperature KW - Precipitation KW - Water temperature KW - Dominance KW - Nitrification KW - Stream KW - Nitrogen cycle KW - Uptake KW - Groundwater KW - Nitrogen KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780524963?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Dual+nitrate+isotopes+clarify+the+role+of+biological+processing+and+hydrologic+flow+paths+on+nitrogen+cycling+in+subtropical+low-gradient+watersheds&rft.au=Griffiths%2C+Natalie+A%3BJackson%2C+CRhett%3BMcDonnell%2C+Jeffrey+J%3BKlaus%2C+Julian%3BDu%2C+Enhao%3BBitew%2C+Menberu+M&rft.aulast=Griffiths&rft.aufirst=Natalie&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=422&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.issn=21698953&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JG003189 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Temperature effects; Nitrification; Denitrification; Stream; Uptake; Nitrogen cycle; Water temperature; Watersheds; Transformation; Ammonium; Nitrate; Physical characteristics; Isotopes; Snow; Nutrients; Precipitation; Water quality; Streams; Dominance; Ground water; Nitrogen; Topography; Flow; Nitrates; Absorption; Temperature; Groundwater; USA, Southeast DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JG003189 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of precipitation variability on plant species and community water stress in a temperate deciduous forest in the central US AN - 1778029971; PQ0002440172 AB - Variations in precipitation regimes can shift ecosystem structure and function by altering frequency, severity and timing of plant water stress. There is a need for predictively understanding impacts of precipitation regimes on plant water stress in relation to species water use strategies. Here we first formulated two complementary, physiologically-linked measures of precipitation variability (PV)-Precipitation Variability Index (PVI) and Average Recurrence Interval of Effective Precipitation (ARIEP). We then used nine-year continuous measurements of Predawn Leaf Water Potential Integral (PLWPI) in a central US forest to relate PVI and ARIEP to actual plant water availability and comparative water stress responses of six species with different capacities to regulate their internal water status. We found that PVI and ARIEP explained nearly all inter-annual variations in PLWPI for all species as well as for the community scaled from species measurements. The six species investigated showed differential sensitivities to variations in precipitation regimes. Their sensitivities were reflected more in the responses to PVI and ARIEP than to the mean precipitation rate. Further, they exhibited tradeoffs between responses to low and high PV. Finally, PVI and ARIEP were closely correlated with temporal integrals of positive temperature anomalies and vapor pressure deficit. We suggest that the comparative responses of plant species to PV are part of species-specific water use strategies in a plant community facing the uncertainty of fluctuating precipitation regimes. PVI and ARIEP should be adopted as key indices to quantify physiological drought and the ecological impacts of precipitation regimes in a changing climate. JF - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AU - Gu, Lianhong AU - Pallardy, Stephen G AU - Hosman, Kevin P AU - Sun, Ying AD - Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 120 EP - 136 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 217 SN - 0168-1923, 0168-1923 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Precipitation variability index KW - Average recurrence interval KW - Effective precipitation KW - Predawn leaf water potential KW - Physiological drought KW - Ecology KW - Communities KW - Integrals KW - Strategy KW - Precipitation (meteorological) KW - Forests KW - Precipitation KW - Stresses UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1778029971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+precipitation+variability+on+plant+species+and+community+water+stress+in+a+temperate+deciduous+forest+in+the+central+US&rft.au=Gu%2C+Lianhong%3BPallardy%2C+Stephen+G%3BHosman%2C+Kevin+P%3BSun%2C+Ying&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Lianhong&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=217&rft.issue=&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.issn=01681923&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agrformet.2015.11.014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.11.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of whole cell wall NMR by the direct-dissolution of biomass AN - 1776655431; PQ0002749027 AB - To fully realize the potential of lignocellulosic biomass as a renewable resource for the production of fuels, chemicals, and materials, an improved understanding of the chemical and molecular structures within biomass and how those structures are formed during biosynthesis and transformed during (thermochemical and biological) conversion must be developed. This effort will require analytical techniques which are not only in-depth, rapid, and cost-effective, but also leave native cell wall features intact. Whole plant cell wall nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis facilitates unparalleled structural characterization of lignocellulosic biomass without causing (or with minimal) structural modification. The objective of this review is to summarize research pertaining to solution- or gel-state whole plant cell wall NMR analysis of biomass, demonstrating the capability of NMR to delineate the structural features and transformations of biomass. In particular, this review will focus on the application of a two-dimensional solution-state NMR technique and perdeuterated ionic liquid based organic electrolyte solvents for the direct dissolution and analysis of biomass. We believe this type of analysis will be critical to advancing biofuel research, improving bioprocessing methodology, and enhancing plant bioengineering efforts. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Foston, Marcus AU - Samuel, Reichel AU - He, Jian AU - Ragauskas, Arthur J AD - Department of Energy (DOE) BioEnergy Science Center (BESC); USA; +(314) 935-7211; +(314) 935-7866 Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 608 EP - 621 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776655431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=A+review+of+whole+cell+wall+NMR+by+the+direct-dissolution+of+biomass&rft.au=Foston%2C+Marcus%3BSamuel%2C+Reichel%3BHe%2C+Jian%3BRagauskas%2C+Arthur+J&rft.aulast=Foston&rft.aufirst=Marcus&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=608&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5gc02828k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 88 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5gc02828k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organ and effective dose coefficients for cranial and caudal irradiation geometries: photons AN - 1773831604; PQ0002692841 AB - With the introduction of new recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) in Publication 103, the methodology for determining the protection quantity, effective dose, has been modified. The modifications include changes to the defined organs and tissues, the associated tissue weighting factors, radiation weighting factors and the introduction of reference sex-specific computational phantoms. Computations of equivalent doses in organs and tissues are now performed in both the male and female phantoms and the sex-averaged values used to determine the effective dose. Dose coefficients based on the ICRP 103 recommendations were reported in ICRP Publication 116, the revision of ICRP Publication 74 and ICRU Publication 57. The coefficients were determined for the following irradiation geometries: anterior-posterior (AP), posterior-anterior (PA), right and left lateral (RLAT and LLAT), rotational (ROT) and isotropic (ISO). In this work, the methodology of ICRP Publication 116 was used to compute dose coefficients for photon irradiation of the body with parallel beams directed upward from below the feet (caudal) and directed downward from above the head (cranial). These geometries may be encountered in the workplace from personnel standing on contaminated surfaces or volumes and from overhead sources. Calculations of organ and tissue kerma and absorbed doses for caudal and cranial exposures to photons ranging in energy from 10 keV to 10 GeV have been performed using the MCNP6.1 radiation transport code and the adult reference phantoms of ICRP Publication 110. As with calculations reported in ICRP 116, the effects of charged-particle transport are evident when compared with values obtained by using the kerma approximation. At lower energies the effective dose per particle fluence for cranial and caudal exposures is less than AP orientations while above ~30 MeV the cranial and caudal values are greater. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Veinot, K G AU - Eckerman, K F AU - Hertel, N E AD - Center for Radiation Protection Knowledge, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, veinotkg@y12.doe.gov Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 167 EP - 174 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 168 IS - 2 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Radiation KW - Dose-response effects KW - Irradiation KW - Energy KW - Commissions KW - Dosimetry KW - Particulates KW - Organs KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773831604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=Organ+and+effective+dose+coefficients+for+cranial+and+caudal+irradiation+geometries%3A+photons&rft.au=Veinot%2C+K+G%3BEckerman%2C+K+F%3BHertel%2C+N+E&rft.aulast=Veinot&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=168&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Frpd%2Fncv183 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radiation; Energy; Irradiation; Dose-response effects; Dosimetry; Commissions; Particulates; Organs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncv183 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cosolvent pretreatment in cellulosic biofuel production: effect of tetrahydrofuran-water on lignin structure and dynamics AN - 1773827384; PQ0002715402 AB - The deconstruction of cellulose is an essential step in the production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. However, the presence of lignin hinders this process. Recently, a novel cosolvent based biomass pretreatment method called CELF (Cosolvent Enhanced Lignocellulosic Fractionation) which employs tetrahydrofuran (THF) in a single phase mixture with water, was found to be highly effective at solubilizing and extracting lignin from lignocellulosic biomass and achieving high yields of fermentable sugars. Here, using all-atom molecular-dynamics simulation, we find that THF preferentially solvates lignin, and in doing so, shifts the equilibrium configurational distribution of the biopolymer from a crumpled globule to coil, independent of temperature. Whereas pure water is a bad solvent for lignin, the THF : water cosolvent acts as a "theta" solvent, in which solvent : lignin and lignin : lignin interactions are approximately equivalent in strength. Under these conditions, polymers do not aggregate, thus providing a mechanism for the observed lignin solubilization that facilitates unfettered access of celluloytic enzymes to cellulose. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Smith, Micholas Dean AU - Mostofian, Barmak AU - Cheng, Xiaolin AU - Petridis, Loukas AU - Cai, Charles M AU - Wyman, Charles E AU - Smith, Jeremy C AD - Center for Molecular Biophysics; University of Tennessee/Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN; 37830; USA; +1-865-576-7651; +1-865-574-9635/591-4805 Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 1268 EP - 1277 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 18 IS - 5 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Fuel technology KW - Cellulose KW - Biopolymers KW - Solubilization KW - Ethanol KW - Sugar KW - tetrahydrofuran KW - Temperature preferences KW - Temperature KW - Solvents KW - Simulation KW - Enzymes KW - Biomass KW - Fractionation KW - Green development KW - Lignin KW - Polymers KW - Biofuels KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773827384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Cosolvent+pretreatment+in+cellulosic+biofuel+production%3A+effect+of+tetrahydrofuran-water+on+lignin+structure+and+dynamics&rft.au=Smith%2C+Micholas+Dean%3BMostofian%2C+Barmak%3BCheng%2C+Xiaolin%3BPetridis%2C+Loukas%3BCai%2C+Charles+M%3BWyman%2C+Charles+E%3BSmith%2C+Jeremy+C&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Micholas&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1268&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5gc01952d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; tetrahydrofuran; Temperature preferences; Solubilization; Cellulose; Lignin; Biopolymers; Solvents; Enzymes; Biomass; Biofuels; Ethanol; Fuel technology; Temperature; Simulation; Fractionation; Green development; Polymers DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5gc01952d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron redox cycling and impacts on phosphorus solubility in tundra and Boreal ecosystems AN - 1873350302; 2017-013742 AB - Rapidly changing climate in high-latitude regions is altering biogeochemical cycles and potentially shifting arctic and sub-arctic ecosystems from sinks to sources of atmospheric carbon. Phosphorus (P) is an important nutrient whose availability, along with nitrogen, may limit biological productivity and carbon storage in northern ecosystems. Here, we investigate the potential for phosphate adsorption to poorly-crystalline iron (Fe) oxide minerals that precipitate during drainage and drying of anoxic peat soils to limit P bioavailability in high-latitude wetlands. We compare Fe and P geochemistry in organic-rich soils collected from either relatively depressed and saturated or elevated and dry microtopographic positions in sites spanning a latitudinal gradient in North America, including tundra (Barrow Environmental Observatory, AK; Toolik Lake Field Station, AK) and boreal (Bonanza Creek Environmental Forest, AK; Marcell Experimental Forest, MN) ecosystems. We consider differences in soil saturation between microtopographic positions to be proxies for hydrologic changes driven by altered climate. To assess P sorption to Fe-oxides, we use phosphate sorption assays to evaluate the capacity for soils to bind phosphate and sequential extractions to quantify Fe phases including poorly-crystalline iron oxides. Our results indicate that phosphate sorption capacity differs across microtopographic gradients, and zones of high phosphate sorption capacity may coincide with Fe-oxide accumulation at oxic-anoxic interfaces. Consequently, projected temperature increases in arctic and boreal regions may influence P availability due to increased association with poorly-crystalline Fe-oxides that precipitate as water tables lower in drying peatlands, wetlands, and polygonal landscapes. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Duroe, Kiersten AU - Mills, Jonathan AU - Wullschleger, Stan AU - Sebestyen, Stephen D AU - Kinsman-Costello, Lauren E AU - Herndon, Elizabeth AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 93 EP - 3 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873350302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Iron+redox+cycling+and+impacts+on+phosphorus+solubility+in+tundra+and+Boreal+ecosystems&rft.au=Duroe%2C+Kiersten%3BMills%2C+Jonathan%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan%3BSebestyen%2C+Stephen+D%3BKinsman-Costello%2C+Lauren+E%3BHerndon%2C+Elizabeth%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Duroe&rft.aufirst=Kiersten&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural organic matter on the redox transformation and cycling of metals and radionuclides in the environment AN - 1873349301; 2017-013740 AB - Natural organic matter (NOM) consists of chemically heterogeneous, polyfunctional organic compounds that exist ubiquitously in aquatic and terrestrial environments. NOM forms strong complexes with metal ions and radionuclides and directly or indirectly participate in electron transfer reactions, thereby affecting chemical speciation, mobility and cycling of metals in the environment. In this presentation, coupled chemical and biological redox reactions between NOM and metal ions [e.g., iron (Fe) and mercury (Hg)] and radionuclides [e.g., uranium (U) and technetium (Tc)] are discussed. NOM is found to play multifunctional roles in mediating redox transformations of metals and radionuclides: As an electron donor under reducing conditions, NOM can rapidly reduce ferric Fe(III) to ferrous Fe(II) and transform soluble U(VI) and Tc(VII) to sparingly-soluble U(IV) and Tc(IV) solids, or mercuric Hg(II) to gaseous elemental Hg(0). As an electron shuttle, NOM also enhances the rates of biological reduction of these metals, particularly metal oxides (such as iron oxide minerals), where electron transfer or direct contact between microbes and oxide minerals may be rate-limiting. Importantly, the reduced NOM is also found to oxidize elemental Hg(0) back to Hg(II), resulting from thiol-induced oxidative complexation between Hg(II) and reduced -S in anoxic environments. In these processes, the reduced NOM converts Hg(II) to Hg(0) at relatively low NOM/Hg ratios due to the presence of reduced semiquinone moieties, but at relatively high DOM/Hg ratios, the reaction is reversed due to increased thiols and thus thiol-induced oxidation. However, as an electron acceptor under oxidizing conditions, NOM enhances the oxidation of reduced U(IV) and Tc(IV) and thus the rates of dissolution of U(IV) and Tc(IV) solids. This research highlights NOM multifunctional roles and its coupled chemical and biological reactions on redox transformations of metals and radionuclides as critical factors controlling metal speciation, transport, and geochemical cycling in the environment. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 93 EP - 1 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873349301?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Natural+organic+matter+on+the+redox+transformation+and+cycling+of+metals+and+radionuclides+in+the+environment&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of surfactants on the rate of water imbibition in fractured shales AN - 1873349164; 2017-013602 AB - Hydraulic fracturing of shale reservoirs often requires millions of gallons of freshwater but only a fraction of the injected water returns to the surface. The majority of this water is imbibed into the shale. Such water loss in low permeability reservoirs usually results in reduced reservoir gas production, however, shale gas production has been demonstrated to be positively correlated with the amount of water imbibed by the shale. Little is known about the controlling mechanisms that result in enhanced gas production corresponding with a higher amount of water imbibition. Here we study the effect of two commonly used surfactants in hydraulic fracturing on the rate of water uptake within Marcellus shale micro-fractures using an in-situ neutron imaging technique. The rate of capillary rise for fluids containing a 1:1 mixture of two commonly used surfactants in hydraulic fracturing fluids (cationic n-octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (OTAC) and anionic surfactant ammonium dodecyl sulfete (ADS)) was studied within shale micro-fractures through use of neutron imaging at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory High Flux Isotope Reactor. Boltzman analysis was use to fit the water imbibition front along shale micro-fractures to quantify the rate of water uptake and determine the sorptivity constant for each experiment. Initial results suggest a 29% reduction in the rate of water imbibition due to an increase in concentration of the 1:1 ADS/OTAC mixture from 0.1 mM to 0.9 mM. The correlation between the mineral spatial distribution along shale surfaces and initial fracture geometry with the rate of water uptake were also examined. This was accomplished by also examining water imbibition rates along fractures of pure calcite and quartz sample and by systematically varying the fracture aperture of the tested samples. Full 3D CT scans of shales before and after the surfactant exposure were also carried out to reconstruct and characterize the location of water within the rock (e.g., microfractures vs. micropores). Results from this study provide additional insight into the role of surface-active agents in promoting greater water loss and higher gas production in hydraulically fractured shale reservoirs. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Das, Saikat AU - Dhiman, Indu AU - Bilheux, Hassina Z AU - Ellis, Brian R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 33 EP - 5 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873349164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effect+of+surfactants+on+the+rate+of+water+imbibition+in+fractured+shales&rft.au=Das%2C+Saikat%3BDhiman%2C+Indu%3BBilheux%2C+Hassina+Z%3BEllis%2C+Brian+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Das&rft.aufirst=Saikat&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogen water mixtures: Dynamics in amorphous deposits and surprises of hydrogen hydrate under high vacuum AN - 1861112712; 782778-1 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Tulk, C A AU - Kolesnikov, A AU - Molaison, J J AU - Koh, C AU - Ripmeester, J A AU - Klug, D D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 3201 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861112712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Hydrogen+water+mixtures%3A+Dynamics+in+amorphous+deposits+and+surprises+of+hydrogen+hydrate+under+high+vacuum&rft.au=Tulk%2C+C+A%3BKolesnikov%2C+A%3BMolaison%2C+J+J%3BKoh%2C+C%3BRipmeester%2C+J+A%3BKlug%2C+D+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tulk&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3201.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the spatiotemporal variability in subsurface thermal regimes across a low-relief polygonal tundra landscape AN - 1861108280; 787111-22 AB - Vast carbon stocks stored in permafrost soils of Arctic tundra are under risk of release to the atmosphere under warming climate scenarios. Ice-wedge polygons in the low-gradient polygonal tundra create a complex mosaic of microtopographic features. This microtopography plays a critical role in regulating the fine-scale variability in thermal and hydrological regimes in the polygonal tundra landscape underlain by continuous permafrost. Modeling of thermal regimes of this sensitive ecosystem is essential for understanding the landscape behavior under the current as well as changing climate. We present here an end-to-end effort for high-resolution numerical modeling of thermal hydrology at real-world field sites, utilizing the best available data to characterize and parameterize the models. We develop approaches to model the thermal hydrology of polygonal tundra and apply them at four study sites near Barrow, Alaska, spanning across low to transitional to high-centered polygons, representing a broad polygonal tundra landscape. A multiphase subsurface thermal hydrology model (PFLOTRAN) was developed and applied to study the thermal regimes at four sites. Using a high-resolution lidar digital elevation model (DEM), microtopographic features of the landscape were characterized and represented in the high-resolution model mesh. The best available soil data from field observations and literature were utilized to represent the complex heterogeneous subsurface in the numerical model. Simulation results demonstrate the ability of the developed modeling approach to capture - without recourse to model calibration - several aspects of the complex thermal regimes across the sites, and provide insights into the critical role of polygonal tundra microtopography in regulating the thermal dynamics of the carbon-rich permafrost soils. Areas of significant disagreement between model results and observations highlight the importance of field-based observations of soil thermal and hydraulic properties for modeling-based studies of permafrost thermal dynamics, and provide motivation and guidance for future observations that will help address model and data gaps affecting our current understanding of the system. JF - The Cryosphere (Online) AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Collier, Nathan AU - Bisht, Gautam AU - Mills, Richard T AU - Thornton, Peter E AU - Iversen, Colleen M AU - Romanovsky, Vladimir Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2241 EP - 2274 PB - Copernicus on behalf of the European Geosciences Union, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 10 IS - 5 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861108280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cryosphere+%28Online%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+spatiotemporal+variability+in+subsurface+thermal+regimes+across+a+low-relief+polygonal+tundra+landscape&rft.au=Kumar%2C+Jitendra%3BCollier%2C+Nathan%3BBisht%2C+Gautam%3BMills%2C+Richard+T%3BThornton%2C+Peter+E%3BIversen%2C+Colleen+M%3BRomanovsky%2C+Vladimir&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Jitendra&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Cryosphere+%28Online%29&rft.issn=1994-0424&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.the-cryosphere.net/10/2241/2016/tc-10-2241-2016.pdf http://www.the-cryosphere.net/volumes_and_issues.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure, stability and themoelastic properties of CO2-IV AN - 1861091434; 782770-21 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Palaich, S E M AU - Makhluf, A R AU - Santamaria-Perez, D AU - Tulk, C A AU - Molaison, J AU - Guthrie, M AU - Kavner, A AU - Manning, C E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2421 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861091434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Structure%2C+stability+and+themoelastic+properties+of+CO2-IV&rft.au=Palaich%2C+S+E+M%3BMakhluf%2C+A+R%3BSantamaria-Perez%2C+D%3BTulk%2C+C+A%3BMolaison%2C+J%3BGuthrie%2C+M%3BKavner%2C+A%3BManning%2C+C+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Palaich&rft.aufirst=S+E&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2421&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2421.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Dynamic Nature of Resource Availability: The Cases of Copper and Rare Earths AN - 1861078133; 784673-17 AB - "Resources are not, they become" is how E.W. Zimmerman [1] described the dynamic nature of resource availability. In a physical sense, minerals and metals in the earth's crust, as well as those embodied in in-use and discarded products, are fixed in size or quantity. They are a fixed stock. In an economic sense, however, mineral and metal resources are anything but fixed. They become available-or are removed from availability-as a result of human activity, which in turn is a function of economic, social, environmental and political factors. This paper reviews the history of resource development for copper, a metal with a long history of human use, and rare earths, a family of metals that has seen widespread use only in the last half century. The paper places special focus on how society has responded to periodic concerns about resource shortages and the implications for future resource availability. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Eggert, R G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 EP - Abstract 3048 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 35 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861078133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=The+Dynamic+Nature+of+Resource+Availability%3A+The+Cases+of+Copper+and+Rare+Earths&rft.au=Eggert%2C+R+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Eggert&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.americangeosciences.org/sites/default/files/igc/3048.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 35th international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Process-rich projections of permafrost integrates surface/subsurface thermal hydrology in a warming climate AN - 1855320189; 2017-002873 JF - International Conference on Permafrost - Book of Abstracts AU - Painter, Scott L AU - Coon, Ethan T AU - Atchley, Adam AU - Jan, Ahmad Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 682 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 11 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - snow cover KW - Arctic region KW - global change KW - thawing KW - climate change KW - Barrow Alaska KW - temperature KW - snow KW - climate effects KW - Alaska KW - global warming KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855320189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Process-rich+projections+of+permafrost+integrates+surface%2Fsubsurface+thermal+hydrology+in+a+warming+climate&rft.au=Painter%2C+Scott+L%3BCoon%2C+Ethan+T%3BAtchley%2C+Adam%3BJan%2C+Ahmad&rft.aulast=Painter&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=682&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Permafrost; exploring permafrost in a future Earth N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - CODEN - #07985 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; Arctic region; Barrow Alaska; climate change; climate effects; degradation; global change; global warming; hydrology; permafrost; snow; snow cover; temperature; thawing; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The InterFrost benchmark of thermo-hydraulic codes for cold regions hydrology; first inter-comparison phase results AN - 1855319106; 2017-002858 JF - International Conference on Permafrost - Book of Abstracts AU - Grenier, Christophe AU - Anbergen, Hauke AU - Bense, Victor Franciscus AU - Coon, Ethan T AU - Collier, Nathaniel AU - Costard, Francois AU - Ferry, Michel AU - Frampton, Andrew AU - Frederick, Jennifer AU - Holmen, Johan AU - Jost, Anne AU - Kokh, Samuel AU - Kurylyk, Barret AU - McKenzie, Jeffrey AU - Molson, John AU - Orgogozo, Laurent AU - Pannetier, Romain AU - Riviere, Agnes AU - Roux, Nicolas AU - Ruehaak, Wolfram AU - Scheidegger, Johanna AU - Selroos, Jan-Olof AU - Therrien, Rene AU - Vidstrand, Patrik AU - Voss, Clifford Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 660 EP - 662 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 11 KW - hydrology KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - Arctic region KW - global KW - surface features KW - climate effects KW - geomorphology KW - thawing KW - taliks KW - climate change KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855319106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+InterFrost+benchmark+of+thermo-hydraulic+codes+for+cold+regions+hydrology%3B+first+inter-comparison+phase+results&rft.au=Grenier%2C+Christophe%3BAnbergen%2C+Hauke%3BBense%2C+Victor+Franciscus%3BCoon%2C+Ethan+T%3BCollier%2C+Nathaniel%3BCostard%2C+Francois%3BFerry%2C+Michel%3BFrampton%2C+Andrew%3BFrederick%2C+Jennifer%3BHolmen%2C+Johan%3BJost%2C+Anne%3BKokh%2C+Samuel%3BKurylyk%2C+Barret%3BMcKenzie%2C+Jeffrey%3BMolson%2C+John%3BOrgogozo%2C+Laurent%3BPannetier%2C+Romain%3BRiviere%2C+Agnes%3BRoux%2C+Nicolas%3BRuehaak%2C+Wolfram%3BScheidegger%2C+Johanna%3BSelroos%2C+Jan-Olof%3BTherrien%2C+Rene%3BVidstrand%2C+Patrik%3BVoss%2C+Clifford&rft.aulast=Grenier&rft.aufirst=Christophe&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=660&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Permafrost; exploring permafrost in a future Earth N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - CODEN - #07985 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic region; climate change; climate effects; degradation; geomorphology; global; hydrology; permafrost; surface features; taliks; thawing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rare Earths: Market Disruption, Innovation, and Global Supply Chains AN - 1837292600; PQ0003781763 AB - Rare earths, sometimes called the vitamins of modern materials, captured public attention when their prices increased more than tenfold in 2010 and 2011. As prices fell between 2011 and 2016, rare earths receded from public view, but less visibly, they became a major focus of innovative activity in companies, government laboratories, and universities. Geoscientists worked to better understand the resource base and improve our knowledge about mineral deposits that can be mines in the future. Process engineers carried out research that is making primary production and recycling more efficient. Materials scientists and engineers searched for substitutes that require fewer or no rare earths while providing properties comparable or superior to those of existing materials. As a result, even though global supply chains are not significantly different now than they were before the market disruption, the innovative activity motivated by the disruption will likely have far-reaching, if unpredictable, consequences for supply chains of rare earths in the future. JF - Annual Review of Environment and Resources AU - Eggert, Roderick AU - Wadia, Cyrus AU - Anderson, Corby AU - Bauer, Diana AU - Fields, Fletcher AU - Meinert, Lawrence AU - Taylor, Patrick AD - Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, and Critical Materials Institute, reggert@mines.edu Y1 - 2016///0, PY - 2016 DA - 0, 2016 SP - 199 EP - 222 PB - Annual Reviews, Inc., 4139 El Camino Way Palo Alto CA 94303-0139 United States VL - 41 SN - 1543-5938, 1543-5938 KW - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - lanthanides KW - extractive metallurgy KW - material substitution KW - recycling KW - Vitamins KW - Recycling KW - Mines KW - Minerals KW - Primary production KW - Innovations KW - Waste management KW - ENA 17:Waste Management-Solid KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1837292600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.atitle=Rare+Earths%3A+Market+Disruption%2C+Innovation%2C+and+Global+Supply+Chains&rft.au=Eggert%2C+Roderick%3BWadia%2C+Cyrus%3BAnderson%2C+Corby%3BBauer%2C+Diana%3BFields%2C+Fletcher%3BMeinert%2C+Lawrence%3BTaylor%2C+Patrick&rft.aulast=Eggert&rft.aufirst=Roderick&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.issn=15435938&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev-environ-110615-085700 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Primary production; Vitamins; Mines; Recycling; Minerals; Waste management; Innovations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-110615-085700 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Architected geomaterial development for geochemical research AN - 1832729570; 2016-090136 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Cheshire, Michael AU - Di Stefano, Victoria AU - Prisk, Timothy AU - Mildner, David AU - Littrell, Kenneth C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 81 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - fractured materials KW - sedimentary rocks KW - materials KW - metamorphic rocks KW - heterogeneity KW - research KW - geochemistry KW - samples KW - porosity KW - cores KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832729570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Architected+geomaterial+development+for+geochemical+research&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BCheshire%2C+Michael%3BDi+Stefano%2C+Victoria%3BPrisk%2C+Timothy%3BMildner%2C+David%3BLittrell%2C+Kenneth+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/81.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cores; fractured materials; geochemistry; heterogeneity; materials; metamorphic rocks; porosity; research; samples; sedimentary rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineral dissolution observed in real time and in situ by liquid cell TEM: a new frontier AN - 1832670319; 782756-98 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Hellmann, Roland AU - Leonard, Donovan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1098 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832670319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Mineral+dissolution+observed+in+real+time+and+in+situ+by+liquid+cell+TEM%3A+a+new+frontier&rft.au=Hellmann%2C+Roland%3BLeonard%2C+Donovan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hellmann&rft.aufirst=Roland&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1098&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1098.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled interactions between mercury (Hg), organic ligands, and microorganisms on Hg reduction, oxidation, and methylation AN - 1832669771; 782755-96 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Lu, Xia AU - Lin, Hui AU - Pierce, Eric AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 996 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832669771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Coupled+interactions+between+mercury+%28Hg%29%2C+organic+ligands%2C+and+microorganisms+on+Hg+reduction%2C+oxidation%2C+and+methylation&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BLu%2C+Xia%3BLin%2C+Hui%3BPierce%2C+Eric%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=996&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/996.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The temporal evolution of changes in carbon storage in the northern permafrost region simulated by carbon cycle models between 2010 and 2300; implications for atmospheric carbon dynamics AN - 1832648934; 781050-9 JF - International Conference on Permafrost - Book of Abstracts AU - McGuire, A David AU - Lawrence, David AU - Burke, Eleanor AU - Chen, Guangsheng AU - Jafarov, Elchin AU - Koven, Charles AU - MacDougall, Andrew AU - Nicolsky, Dmitry AU - Peng, Shushi AU - Ji, Duoying Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 228 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 11 KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - carbon sequestration KW - Arctic region KW - prediction KW - thawing KW - climate change KW - geochemical cycle KW - models KW - carbon KW - climate effects KW - carbon cycle KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832648934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+temporal+evolution+of+changes+in+carbon+storage+in+the+northern+permafrost+region+simulated+by+carbon+cycle+models+between+2010+and+2300%3B+implications+for+atmospheric+carbon+dynamics&rft.au=McGuire%2C+A+David%3BLawrence%2C+David%3BBurke%2C+Eleanor%3BChen%2C+Guangsheng%3BJafarov%2C+Elchin%3BKoven%2C+Charles%3BMacDougall%2C+Andrew%3BNicolsky%2C+Dmitry%3BPeng%2C+Shushi%3BJi%2C+Duoying&rft.aulast=McGuire&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Permafrost; exploring permafrost in a future Earth N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - #07985 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic region; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon sequestration; climate change; climate effects; degradation; geochemical cycle; models; permafrost; prediction; thawing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High resolution soil temperature and active layer dataset for estimating rates of permafrost degradation and their impact on ecosystems, infrastructure, CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) fluxes and net C storage following permafrost thaw in Alaska and northwest Canada AN - 1832640095; 781053-28 JF - International Conference on Permafrost - Book of Abstracts AU - Marchenko, Sergey AU - Genet, Helene AU - Euskirchen, Eugenie AU - McGuire, David AU - Rupp, Scott AU - Bolton, W Robert AU - Breen, Amy AU - Waldrop, Mark AU - McAfee, Stephanie AU - Yuan, Fengming AU - Zhang, Yujin AU - Romanovsky, Vladimir AU - Walsh, John AU - Kurkowski, Tom AU - Lindgren, Michael AU - Bennett, Alec AU - Leonawicz, Matthew AU - Carman, Tobey AU - Floyd, Angie AU - Timm, Kristin Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 463 EP - 464 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 11 KW - United States KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ecosystems KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - carbon KW - climate effects KW - ecology KW - soils KW - methane KW - alkanes KW - Yukon Territory KW - thawing KW - geochemical cycle KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - hydrocarbons KW - Western Canada KW - Alaska KW - greenhouse gases KW - carbon cycle KW - active layer KW - frozen ground KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832640095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.atitle=High+resolution+soil+temperature+and+active+layer+dataset+for+estimating+rates+of+permafrost+degradation+and+their+impact+on+ecosystems%2C+infrastructure%2C+CO+%28sub+2%29+and+CH+%28sub+4%29+fluxes+and+net+C+storage+following+permafrost+thaw+in+Alaska+and+northwest+Canada&rft.au=Marchenko%2C+Sergey%3BGenet%2C+Helene%3BEuskirchen%2C+Eugenie%3BMcGuire%2C+David%3BRupp%2C+Scott%3BBolton%2C+W+Robert%3BBreen%2C+Amy%3BWaldrop%2C+Mark%3BMcAfee%2C+Stephanie%3BYuan%2C+Fengming%3BZhang%2C+Yujin%3BRomanovsky%2C+Vladimir%3BWalsh%2C+John%3BKurkowski%2C+Tom%3BLindgren%2C+Michael%3BBennett%2C+Alec%3BLeonawicz%2C+Matthew%3BCarman%2C+Tobey%3BFloyd%2C+Angie%3BTimm%2C+Kristin&rft.aulast=Marchenko&rft.aufirst=Sergey&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/10.2312%2FGFZ.LIS.2016.001 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Permafrost; exploring permafrost in a future Earth N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - #07985 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; Alaska; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Canada; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; climate change; climate effects; degradation; ecology; ecosystems; frozen ground; geochemical cycle; greenhouse gases; hydrocarbons; methane; organic compounds; permafrost; soils; temperature; thawing; United States; Western Canada; Yukon Territory DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2312/GFZ.LIS.2016.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Challenges and Opportunities in the Extraction of Rare Earths AN - 1832633178; 782761-23 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - King, Alexander H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1523 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832633178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Challenges+and+Opportunities+in+the+Extraction+of+Rare+Earths&rft.au=King%2C+Alexander+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1523.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury Methylation by Methylcobalamin: Kinetics and Mechanisms Revisited AN - 1832606648; 782764-2 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Johnston, Ryne C AU - Ohs, A Lexander J AU - Neupane, Kosh AU - Parks, Jerry M AU - Rush, Katherine W AU - Tomanicek, Stephen J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1802 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832606648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Mercury+Methylation+by+Methylcobalamin%3A+Kinetics+and+Mechanisms+Revisited&rft.au=Liang%2C+Liyuan%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BJohnston%2C+Ryne+C%3BOhs%2C+A+Lexander+J%3BNeupane%2C+Kosh%3BParks%2C+Jerry+M%3BRush%2C+Katherine+W%3BTomanicek%2C+Stephen+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liang&rft.aufirst=Liyuan&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1802&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1802.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic Mercury Methylation and Demethylation by Geobacter bemidjiensis Bem AN - 1832606276; 782765-1 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Lu, Xia AU - Liu, Yurong AU - Johs, Alexander AU - Zhao, Linduo AU - Wang, Tieshan AU - Elias, Dwayne AU - Pierce, Eric AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Barkay, Tamar AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Usa, Usa AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1901 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832606276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+Mercury+Methylation+and+Demethylation+by+Geobacter+bemidjiensis+Bem&rft.au=Lu%2C+Xia%3BLiu%2C+Yurong%3BJohs%2C+Alexander%3BZhao%2C+Linduo%3BWang%2C+Tieshan%3BElias%2C+Dwayne%3BPierce%2C+Eric%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BBarkay%2C+Tamar%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BUsa%2C+Usa%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Xia&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1901&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1901.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial Degradation and Community Changes to Crude Petroleum Oil in in Different Deep Oceans AN - 1832603438; 782764-39 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Liu, Jiang AU - Techtmann, Stephen M AU - Fortney, Julian L AU - Joyner, Dominique C AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1839 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832603438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Microbial+Degradation+and+Community+Changes+to+Crude+Petroleum+Oil+in+in+Different+Deep+Oceans&rft.au=Liu%2C+Jiang%3BTechtmann%2C+Stephen+M%3BFortney%2C+Julian+L%3BJoyner%2C+Dominique+C%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Jiang&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1839&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1839.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact from groundwater flow on ground temperature dynamics; observations and numerical simulations for a sporadic permafrost peatland environment AN - 1828849972; 2016-086921 JF - International Conference on Permafrost - Book of Abstracts AU - Sjoberg, Ylva AU - Coon, Ethan AU - Sannel, Britta AU - Pannetier, Romain AU - Harp, Dylan R AU - Frampton, Andrew AU - Painter, Scott L AU - Lyon, Steve Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 700 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 11 KW - hydrology KW - peatlands KW - permafrost KW - Western Europe KW - numerical models KW - Europe KW - freezing KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - Scandinavia KW - mires KW - climate effects KW - hydrodynamics KW - seasonal variations KW - Sweden KW - northern Sweden KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828849972?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Impact+from+groundwater+flow+on+ground+temperature+dynamics%3B+observations+and+numerical+simulations+for+a+sporadic+permafrost+peatland+environment&rft.au=Sjoberg%2C+Ylva%3BCoon%2C+Ethan%3BSannel%2C+Britta%3BPannetier%2C+Romain%3BHarp%2C+Dylan+R%3BFrampton%2C+Andrew%3BPainter%2C+Scott+L%3BLyon%2C+Steve&rft.aulast=Sjoberg&rft.aufirst=Ylva&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=700&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Permafrost; exploring permafrost in a future Earth N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07985 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate change; climate effects; Europe; freezing; ground water; hydrodynamics; hydrology; mires; northern Sweden; numerical models; peatlands; permafrost; Scandinavia; seasonal variations; Sweden; temperature; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lateral and vertical fluxes of carbon and nitrogen from upland thermokarst AN - 1828847033; 2016-086971 JF - International Conference on Permafrost - Book of Abstracts AU - Abbott, Benjamin W AU - Jeremy, B J, Jr AU - Larouche, Julia R AU - Bowden, William B AU - Godsey, Sarah E AU - Balser, Andrew W Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 768 EP - 769 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 11 KW - United States KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - climate change KW - nitrogen KW - carbon KW - climate effects KW - organic carbon KW - hydrology KW - methane KW - North Slope KW - solutes KW - alkanes KW - thawing KW - geochemical cycle KW - nitrogen cycle KW - organic compounds KW - thermokarst KW - hydrocarbons KW - Alaska KW - greenhouse gases KW - carbon cycle KW - landscapes KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828847033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Lateral+and+vertical+fluxes+of+carbon+and+nitrogen+from+upland+thermokarst&rft.au=Abbott%2C+Benjamin+W%3BJeremy%2C+B+J%2C+Jr%3BLarouche%2C+Julia+R%3BBowden%2C+William+B%3BGodsey%2C+Sarah+E%3BBalser%2C+Andrew+W&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=768&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Permafrost; exploring permafrost in a future Earth N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07985 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; carbon; carbon cycle; climate change; climate effects; degradation; geochemical cycle; greenhouse gases; hydrocarbons; hydrology; landscapes; methane; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; North Slope; organic carbon; organic compounds; permafrost; solutes; thawing; thermokarst; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparing permafrost soil carbon pools from Earth system models to empirically derived datasets AN - 1824213775; 2016-085158 JF - International Conference on Permafrost (ICOP) Proceedings AU - Hugelius, Gustaf AU - McGuire, A David AU - Beer, Christian AU - Bohn, Theodore J AU - Burke, Eleanor J AU - Chadburn, Sarah E AU - Chen, Guangsheng AU - Chen, Xiaodong AU - Hayes, Daniel J AU - Jafarov, Elchin E AU - Koven, Charles D AU - Peng, Shushi AU - Schaefer, Kevin M Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 210 EP - 211 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 11 KW - soils KW - peatlands KW - permafrost KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - global change KW - climate change KW - geochemical cycle KW - models KW - mires KW - carbon KW - climate effects KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824213775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+%28ICOP%29+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Comparing+permafrost+soil+carbon+pools+from+Earth+system+models+to+empirically+derived+datasets&rft.au=Hugelius%2C+Gustaf%3BMcGuire%2C+A+David%3BBeer%2C+Christian%3BBohn%2C+Theodore+J%3BBurke%2C+Eleanor+J%3BChadburn%2C+Sarah+E%3BChen%2C+Guangsheng%3BChen%2C+Xiaodong%3BHayes%2C+Daniel+J%3BJafarov%2C+Elchin+E%3BKoven%2C+Charles+D%3BPeng%2C+Shushi%3BSchaefer%2C+Kevin+M&rft.aulast=Hugelius&rft.aufirst=Gustaf&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+%28ICOP%29+Proceedings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Permafrost; exploring permafrost in a future Earth N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #00164 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbon cycle; climate change; climate effects; degradation; geochemical cycle; global change; global warming; mires; models; monitoring; organic carbon; peatlands; permafrost; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship of cryofacies, surface and subsurface terrain conditions in the Brooks Range and foothills of northern Alaska, USA AN - 1819896040; 2016-079017 JF - International Conference on Permafrost - Book of Abstracts AU - Balser, Andrew AU - Jones, Jeremy AU - Jorgenson, Torre Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 147 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 11 KW - United States KW - permafrost KW - statistical analysis KW - periglacial features KW - vegetation KW - climate change KW - terrains KW - climate effects KW - ecology KW - Alaska KW - greenhouse gases KW - glacial geology KW - geomorphology KW - Brooks Range KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819896040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Relationship+of+cryofacies%2C+surface+and+subsurface+terrain+conditions+in+the+Brooks+Range+and+foothills+of+northern+Alaska%2C+USA&rft.au=Balser%2C+Andrew%3BJones%2C+Jeremy%3BJorgenson%2C+Torre&rft.aulast=Balser&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International Conference on Permafrost; exploring permafrost in a future Earth N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07985 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; Brooks Range; climate change; climate effects; ecology; geomorphology; glacial geology; greenhouse gases; periglacial features; permafrost; statistical analysis; terrains; United States; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward more realistic projections of soil carbon dynamics by Earth system models AN - 1789751392; 2016-045237 AB - Soil carbon (C) is a critical component of Earth system models (ESMs), and its diverse representations are a major source of the large spread across models in the terrestrial C sink from the third to fifth assessment reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Improving soil C projections is of a high priority for Earth system modeling in the future IPCC and other assessments. To achieve this goal, we suggest that (1) model structures should reflect real-world processes, (2) parameters should be calibrated to match model outputs with observations, and (3) external forcing variables should accurately prescribe the environmental conditions that soils experience. First, most soil C cycle models simulate C input from litter production and C release through decomposition. The latter process has traditionally been represented by first-order decay functions, regulated primarily by temperature, moisture, litter quality, and soil texture. While this formulation well captures macroscopic soil organic C (SOC) dynamics, better understanding is needed of their underlying mechanisms as related to microbial processes, depth-dependent environmental controls, and other processes that strongly affect soil C dynamics. Second, incomplete use of observations in model parameterization is a major cause of bias in soil C projections from ESMs. Optimal parameter calibration with both pool- and flux-based data sets through data assimilation is among the highest priorities for near-term research to reduce biases among ESMs. Third, external variables are represented inconsistently among ESMs, leading to differences in modeled soil C dynamics. We recommend the implementation of traceability analyses to identify how external variables and model parameterizations influence SOC dynamics in different ESMs. Overall, projections of the terrestrial C sink can be substantially improved when reliable data sets are available to select the most representative model structure, constrain parameters, and prescribe forcing fields. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Luo, Yiqi AU - Ahlstrom, Anders AU - Allison, Steven D AU - Batjes, Niels H AU - Brovkin, Victor AU - Carvalhais, Nuno AU - Chappell, Adrian AU - Ciais, Philippe AU - Davidson, Eric A AU - Finzi, Adien AU - Georgiou, Katerina AU - Guenet, Bertrand AU - Hararuk, Oleksandra AU - Harden, Jennifer W AU - He, Yujie AU - Hopkins, Francesca AU - Jiang, Lifen AU - Koven, Charlie AU - Jackson, Robert B AU - Jones, Chris D AU - Lara, Mark J AU - Liang, Junyi AU - McGuire, A David AU - Parton, William AU - Peng, Changhui AU - Randerson, James T AU - Salazar, Alejandro AU - Sierra, Carlos A AU - Smith, Matthew J AU - Tian, Hanqin AU - Todd-Brown, Katherine E O AU - Torn, Margaret AU - van Groenigen, Kees Jan AU - Wang, Ying Ping AU - West, Tristram O AU - Wei, Yaxing AU - Wieder, William R AU - Xia, Jianyang AU - Xu, Xia AU - Xu, Xiaofeng AU - Zhou, Tao Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 40 EP - 56 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - soils KW - numerical models KW - dynamics KW - carbon KW - sinks KW - global change KW - carbon cycle KW - geochemical cycle KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789751392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Toward+more+realistic+projections+of+soil+carbon+dynamics+by+Earth+system+models&rft.au=Luo%2C+Yiqi%3BAhlstrom%2C+Anders%3BAllison%2C+Steven+D%3BBatjes%2C+Niels+H%3BBrovkin%2C+Victor%3BCarvalhais%2C+Nuno%3BChappell%2C+Adrian%3BCiais%2C+Philippe%3BDavidson%2C+Eric+A%3BFinzi%2C+Adien%3BGeorgiou%2C+Katerina%3BGuenet%2C+Bertrand%3BHararuk%2C+Oleksandra%3BHarden%2C+Jennifer+W%3BHe%2C+Yujie%3BHopkins%2C+Francesca%3BJiang%2C+Lifen%3BKoven%2C+Charlie%3BJackson%2C+Robert+B%3BJones%2C+Chris+D%3BLara%2C+Mark+J%3BLiang%2C+Junyi%3BMcGuire%2C+A+David%3BParton%2C+William%3BPeng%2C+Changhui%3BRanderson%2C+James+T%3BSalazar%2C+Alejandro%3BSierra%2C+Carlos+A%3BSmith%2C+Matthew+J%3BTian%2C+Hanqin%3BTodd-Brown%2C+Katherine+E+O%3BTorn%2C+Margaret%3Bvan+Groenigen%2C+Kees+Jan%3BWang%2C+Ying+Ping%3BWest%2C+Tristram+O%3BWei%2C+Yaxing%3BWieder%2C+William+R%3BXia%2C+Jianyang%3BXu%2C+Xia%3BXu%2C+Xiaofeng%3BZhou%2C+Tao&rft.aulast=Luo&rft.aufirst=Yiqi&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GB005239 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 150 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbon cycle; dynamics; geochemical cycle; global change; numerical models; sinks; soils DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GB005239 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling radionuclide transport in fractured media with a dynamic update of K (sub d) values AN - 1789749642; 2016-042257 AB - Radionuclide transport in fractured crystalline rocks is a process of interest in evaluating long term safety of potential disposal systems for radioactive wastes. Given their numerical efficiency and the absence of numerical dispersion, Lagrangian methods (e.g. particle tracking algorithms) are appealing approaches that are often used in safety assessment (SA) analyses. In these approaches, many complex geochemical retention processes are typically lumped into a single parameter: the distribution coefficient (K (sub d) ). Usually, the distribution coefficient is assumed to be constant over the time frame of interest. However, this assumption could be critical under long-term geochemical changes as it is demonstrated that the distribution coefficient depends on the background chemical conditions (e.g. pH, Eh, and major chemistry). In this work, we provide a computational framework that combines the efficiency of Lagrangian methods with a sound and explicit description of the geochemical changes of the site and their influence on the radionuclide retention properties. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Trinchero, Paolo AU - Painter, Scott AU - Ebrahimi, Hedieh AU - Koskinen, Lasse AU - Molinero, Jorge AU - Selroos, Jan-Olof Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 55 EP - 63 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 86 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - hazardous waste KW - fractured materials KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - data processing KW - waste disposal sites KW - Europe KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - reactivity KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Uppsala Sweden KW - transport KW - retention KW - crystalline rocks KW - algorithms KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - Eh KW - PHREEQC KW - Western Europe KW - Finland KW - pollution KW - properties KW - Forsmark Sweden KW - models KW - Scandinavia KW - safety KW - MARFA model KW - FASTREACT model KW - mathematical methods KW - reservoir properties KW - waste disposal KW - Sweden KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789749642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Modelling+radionuclide+transport+in+fractured+media+with+a+dynamic+update+of+K+%28sub+d%29+values&rft.au=Trinchero%2C+Paolo%3BPainter%2C+Scott%3BEbrahimi%2C+Hedieh%3BKoskinen%2C+Lasse%3BMolinero%2C+Jorge%3BSelroos%2C+Jan-Olof&rft.aulast=Trinchero&rft.aufirst=Paolo&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2015.10.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - GGEOD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; crystalline rocks; data processing; Eh; Europe; FASTREACT model; Finland; Forsmark Sweden; fractured materials; hazardous waste; isotopes; MARFA model; mathematical methods; models; pH; PHREEQC; pollution; properties; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; radioactivity; reactivity; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; retention; safety; Scandinavia; simulation; Sweden; transport; Uppsala Sweden; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water pollution; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2015.10.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating industrial drying of cellulosic feedstock for bioenergy: a systems approach AN - 1780537854; PQ0002767734 AB - A large portion of herbaceous and woody biomass must be dried following harvest. Natural field drying is possible if the weather cooperates. Mechanical drying is a certain way of reducing the moisture content of biomass. This paper presents an engineering analysis applied to drying of 10 Mg h super(-1) (exit mass flow) of biomass with an initial moisture content ranging from 25% to 70% (wet mass basis) down to 10% exit moisture content. The requirement for hog fuel to supply heat to the dryer increases from 0.5 dry Mg to 3.8 dry Mg h super(-1) with the increased initial moisture of biomass. The capital cost for the entire drying system including equipment for biomass size reduction, pollution control, dryer, and biomass combustor sums up to more than $4.7 million. The operating cost (electricity, labor, repair, and maintenance) minus fuel cost for the dryer alone amount to 4.05 Mg super(-1) of dried biomass. For 50% moisture content biomass, the cost of fuel to heat the drying air is $7.41/ dry ton of biomass for a total $11.46 per dry ton at 10% moisture content. The fuel cost ranges from a low of $2.21 to a high of $18.54 for a biomass at an initial moisture content of 25% to 75%, respectively. This wide range in fuel cost indicates the extreme sensitivity of the drying cost to initial moisture content of biomass and to ambient air humidity and temperature and highlights the significance of field drying for a cost effective drying operation. JF - Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining AU - Sokhansanj, Shahab AU - Webb, Erin AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831. Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 47 EP - 55 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 1932-104X, 1932-104X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Moisture content KW - Fuels KW - Drying KW - Electricity pricing KW - Biomass KW - Pollution control KW - Driers KW - Biomass burning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780537854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.atitle=Evaluating+industrial+drying+of+cellulosic+feedstock+for+bioenergy%3A+a+systems+approach&rft.au=Sokhansanj%2C+Shahab%3BWebb%2C+Erin&rft.aulast=Sokhansanj&rft.aufirst=Shahab&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.issn=1932104X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbbb.1619 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1619 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward the understanding of hydration phenomena in aqueous electrolytes from the interplay of theory, molecular simulation, and experiment AN - 1765967967; PQ0002262210 AB - We study the microstructural analysis of aqueous electrolytes and present a detailed account of the fundamentals underlying the neutron scattering with isotopic substitution (NDIS) approach for the experimental determination of ion coordination numbers in systems involving both halide anions and oxyanions. We place particular emphasis on the frequently overlooked ion-pairing phenomenon, identify its microstructural signature in the neutron-weighted distribution functions, and suggest novel techniques to deal with either the estimation of the ion-pairing magnitude or the correction of its effects on the experimentally measured coordination numbers. We illustrate the underlying ideas by applying these new developments to the interpretation of four NDIS test-cases via molecular simulation, as convenient dry runs for the actual scattering experiments, for representative aqueous electrolyte solutions at ambient conditions involving metal halides and nitrates. JF - Fluid Phase Equilibria AU - Chialvo, Ariel A AU - Vlcek, Lukas AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Geochemistry & Interfacial Sciences Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6110, USA Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 84 EP - 104 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 407 SN - 0378-3812, 0378-3812 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Molecular simulation KW - Aqueous electrolytes KW - Ion pair association KW - Neutron diffraction with isotopic substitution KW - Heavy water KW - Null-environments KW - Testing Procedures KW - Hydration KW - Metals KW - Electrolytes KW - Anions KW - Nitrates KW - Illustrations KW - Identification KW - Halides KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09183:Physics and chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765967967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fluid+Phase+Equilibria&rft.atitle=Toward+the+understanding+of+hydration+phenomena+in+aqueous+electrolytes+from+the+interplay+of+theory%2C+molecular+simulation%2C+and+experiment&rft.au=Chialvo%2C+Ariel+A%3BVlcek%2C+Lukas&rft.aulast=Chialvo&rft.aufirst=Ariel&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=407&rft.issue=&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fluid+Phase+Equilibria&rft.issn=03783812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fluid.2015.05.014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydration; Electrolytes; Anions; Illustrations; Identification; Halides; Testing Procedures; Metals; Nitrates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2015.05.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Single-ion hydration thermodynamics from clusters to bulk solutions: Recent insights from molecular modeling AN - 1765946912; PQ0002262190 AB - The importance of single-ion hydration thermodynamic properties for understanding the driving forces of aqueous electrolyte processes, along with the impossibility of their direct experimental measurement, have prompted a large number of experimental, theoretical, and computational studies aimed at separating the cation and anion contributions. Here we provide an overview of historical approaches based on extrathermodynamic assumptions and more recent computational studies of single-ion hydration in order to evaluate the approximations involved in these methods, quantify their accuracy, reliability, and limitations in the light of the latest developments. We also offer new insights into the factors that influence the accuracy of ion-water interaction models and our views on possible ways to fill this substantial knowledge gap in aqueous physical chemistry. JF - Fluid Phase Equilibria AU - Vlcek, Lukas AU - Chialvo, Ariel A AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Geochemistry & Interfacial Sciences Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6110, United States Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 58 EP - 75 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 407 SN - 0378-3812, 0378-3812 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Single-ion hydration KW - Molecular modeling KW - Extrathermodynamic assumption KW - Cluster ion KW - Surface potential KW - Hydration KW - Electrolytes KW - Anions KW - Thermodynamics KW - Thermodynamic properties KW - Model Studies KW - Cations KW - Modelling KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09183:Physics and chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765946912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fluid+Phase+Equilibria&rft.atitle=Single-ion+hydration+thermodynamics+from+clusters+to+bulk+solutions%3A+Recent+insights+from+molecular+modeling&rft.au=Vlcek%2C+Lukas%3BChialvo%2C+Ariel+A&rft.aulast=Vlcek&rft.aufirst=Lukas&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=407&rft.issue=&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fluid+Phase+Equilibria&rft.issn=03783812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fluid.2015.05.048 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydration; Electrolytes; Anions; Thermodynamics; Thermodynamic properties; Modelling; Cations; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2015.05.048 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diversity of Pseudomonas Genomes, Including Populus-Associated Isolates, as Revealed by Comparative Genome Analysis AN - 1758247069; PQ0002453012 AB - The Pseudomonas genus contains a metabolically versatile group of organisms that are known to occupy numerous ecological niches, including the rhizosphere and endosphere of many plants. Their diversity influences the phylogenetic diversity and heterogeneity of these communities. On the basis of average amino acid identity, comparative genome analysis of >1,000 Pseudomonas genomes, including 21 Pseudomonas strains isolated from the roots of native Populus deltoides (eastern cottonwood) trees resulted in consistent and robust genomic clusters with phylogenetic homogeneity. All Pseudomonas aeruginosa genomes clustered together, and these were clearly distinct from other Pseudomonas species groups on the basis of pangenome and core genome analyses. In contrast, the genomes of Pseudomonas fluorescens were organized into 20 distinct genomic clusters, representing enormous diversity and heterogeneity. Most of our 21 Populus-associated isolates formed three distinct subgroups within the major P. fluorescens group, supported by pathway profile analysis, while two isolates were more closely related to Pseudomonas chlororaphis and Pseudomonas putida. Genes specific to Populus-associated subgroups were identified. Genes specific to subgroup 1 include several sensory systems that act in two-component signal transduction, a TonB-dependent receptor, and a phosphorelay sensor. Genes specific to subgroup 2 contain hypothetical genes, and genes specific to subgroup 3 were annotated with hydrolase activity. This study justifies the need to sequence multiple isolates, especially from P. fluorescens, which displays the most genetic variation, in order to study functional capabilities from a pangenomic perspective. This information will prove useful when choosing Pseudomonas strains for use to promote growth and increase disease resistance in plants. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Jun, Se-Ran AU - Wassenaar, Trudy M AU - Nookaew, Intawat AU - Hauser, Loren AU - Wanchai, Visanu AU - Land, Miriam AU - Timm, Collin M AU - Lu, Tse-Yuan S AU - Schadt, Christopher W AU - Doktycz, Mitchel J AD - << + $0, usserydw@ornl.gov. Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 375 EP - 383 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 82 IS - 1 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Phylogeny KW - Genomes KW - Plant diseases KW - Amino acids KW - Niches KW - Rhizosphere KW - Genetic diversity KW - Roots KW - Disease resistance KW - Sensory systems KW - Pseudomonas fluorescens KW - hydrolase KW - Pseudomonas chlororaphis KW - Populus deltoides KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - genomics KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - Signal transduction KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - A 01390:Forestry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1758247069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Diversity+of+Pseudomonas+Genomes%2C+Including+Populus-Associated+Isolates%2C+as+Revealed+by+Comparative+Genome+Analysis&rft.au=Jun%2C+Se-Ran%3BWassenaar%2C+Trudy+M%3BNookaew%2C+Intawat%3BHauser%2C+Loren%3BWanchai%2C+Visanu%3BLand%2C+Miriam%3BTimm%2C+Collin+M%3BLu%2C+Tse-Yuan+S%3BSchadt%2C+Christopher+W%3BDoktycz%2C+Mitchel+J&rft.aulast=Jun&rft.aufirst=Se-Ran&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.02612-15 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Phylogeny; Plant diseases; Amino acids; Rhizosphere; Niches; Roots; Genetic diversity; Disease resistance; Sensory systems; hydrolase; genomics; Signal transduction; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Pseudomonas chlororaphis; Populus deltoides; Pseudomonas putida; Pseudomonas aeruginosa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02612-15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mitigating climate change through managing constructed-microbial communities in agriculture AN - 1751208196; PQ0002342993 AB - The importance of increasing crop production while reducing resource inputs and land-use change cannot be overstated especially in light of climate change and a human population growth projected to reach nine billion this century. Mutualistic plant-microbe interactions offer a novel approach to enhance agricultural productivity while reducing environmental costs. In concert with other novel agronomic technologies and management, plant-microbial mutualisms could help increase crop production and reduce yield losses by improving resistance and/or resilience to edaphic, biologic, and climatic variability from both bottom-up and top-down perspectives. JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment AU - Hamilton, Cyd E AU - Bever, James D AU - Labbe, Jessy AU - Yang, Xiaohan AU - Yin, Hengfu AD - Visiting Scientist/Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 304 EP - 308 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 216 SN - 0167-8809, 0167-8809 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Symbiosis KW - Plant-microbe interactions KW - Mitigation KW - Agroecology KW - Climate change KW - Synthetic communities KW - GHGe KW - Agriculture KW - Ecosystems KW - Agricultural production KW - Population growth KW - Human populations KW - Climatic changes KW - Land use KW - Crop production KW - Mutualism KW - Technology KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1751208196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Mitigating+climate+change+through+managing+constructed-microbial+communities+in+agriculture&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+Cyd+E%3BBever%2C+James+D%3BLabbe%2C+Jessy%3BYang%2C+Xiaohan%3BYin%2C+Hengfu&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Cyd&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=216&rft.issue=&rft.spage=304&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01678809&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agee.2015.10.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Crop production; Population growth; Climatic changes; Mutualism; Mitigation; Ecosystems; Agricultural production; Climate change; Human populations; Land use; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.10.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative Description of Crystal Nucleation and Growth from in Situ Liquid Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy. AN - 1751486198; 26509714 AB - Recent advances in liquid cell (scanning) transmission electron microscopy (S)TEM has enabled in situ nanoscale investigations of controlled nanocrystal growth mechanisms. Here, we experimentally and quantitatively investigated the nucleation and growth mechanisms of Pt nanostructures from an aqueous solution of K2PtCl6. Averaged statistical, network, and local approaches have been used for the data analysis and the description of both collective particles dynamics and local growth features. In particular, interaction between neighboring particles has been revealed and attributed to reduction of the platinum concentration in the vicinity of the particle boundary. The local approach for solving the inverse problem showed that particles dynamics can be simulated by a stationary diffusional model. The obtained results are important for understanding nanocrystal formation and growth processes and for optimization of synthesis conditions. JF - ACS nano AU - Ievlev, Anton V AU - Jesse, Stephen AU - Cochell, Thomas J AU - Unocic, Raymond R AU - Protopopescu, Vladimir A AU - Kalinin, Sergei V AD - The Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. ; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States. Y1 - 2015/12/22/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Dec 22 SP - 11784 EP - 11791 VL - 9 IS - 12 KW - nucleation and growth KW - local kinetics KW - (scanning) transmission electron microscopy KW - platinum nanoparticles KW - inverse problem UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1751486198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=Quantitative+Description+of+Crystal+Nucleation+and+Growth+from+in+Situ+Liquid+Scanning+Transmission+Electron+Microscopy.&rft.au=Ievlev%2C+Anton+V%3BJesse%2C+Stephen%3BCochell%2C+Thomas+J%3BUnocic%2C+Raymond+R%3BProtopopescu%2C+Vladimir+A%3BKalinin%2C+Sergei+V&rft.aulast=Ievlev&rft.aufirst=Anton&rft.date=2015-12-22&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=11784&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facsnano.5b03720 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-04-21 N1 - Date created - 2015-12-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b03720 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dfnworks; a HPC workflow for discrete fracture network modeling with subsurface flow and transport applications AN - 1849310965; 2016-109453 AB - dfnWorks generates discrete fracture networks (DFN) of planar polygons, creates a high quality conforming Delaunay triangulation of the intersecting DFN polygons, assigns properties (aperture, permeability) using geostatistics, sets boundary and initial conditions, solves pressure/flow in single or multi-phase fluids (water, air, CO2) using the parallel PFLOTRAN or serial FEHM, and solves for transport using Lagrangian particle tracking. We outline the dfnWorks workflow and present applications from a range of fractured rock systems. dfnWorks (http://www.lanl.gov/expertise/teams/view/dfnworks) is composed of three main components, all of which are freely available. dfnGen generates a distribution of fracture polygons from site characterization data (statistics or deterministic fractures) and utilizes the FRAM (Feature Rejection Algorithm for Meshing) to guarantee the mesh generation package LaGriT (lagrit.lanl.gov) will generate a high quality conforming Delaunay triangular mesh. dfnWorks links the mesh to either PFLOTRAN (pflotran.org) or FEHM (fehm.lanl.gov) for solving flow and transport. The various physics options available in FEHM and PFLOTRAN such as single and multi-phase flow and reactive transport are all available with appropriate initial and boundary conditions and material property models. dfnTrans utilizes explicit Lagrangian particle tracking on the DFN using a velocity field reconstructed from the steady state pressure/flow field solution obtained in PFLOTRAN or FEHM. Applications are demonstrated for nuclear waste repository in fractured granite, CO2 sequestration and extraction of unconventional hydrocarbon resources. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gable, Carl W AU - Hyman, Jeffrey AU - Karra, Satish AU - Makedonska, Natalia AU - Painter, Scott L AU - Viswanathan, Hari Selvi AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H53I EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Dfnworks%3B+a+HPC+workflow+for+discrete+fracture+network+modeling+with+subsurface+flow+and+transport+applications&rft.au=Gable%2C+Carl+W%3BHyman%2C+Jeffrey%3BKarra%2C+Satish%3BMakedonska%2C+Natalia%3BPainter%2C+Scott+L%3BViswanathan%2C+Hari+Selvi%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gable&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiphase flow characterization using simultaneous high resolution neutron and X-ray imaging AN - 1849310885; 2016-109390 AB - Multiphase flow in geologic materials is an important area of research for hydrology and oil recovery. A valuable tool for determining how liquid water and/or hydrocarbons transport through soils and rocks is neutron tomography due to its high sensitivity to hydrogen. This technique allows for the 3D reconstruction of the liquid phase in the sample. In order to resolve the solid phase structure of the sample it is necessary to perform x-ray tomography which often must be conducted at a separate facility from the neutron imaging. When imaging deformable samples or stochastic flow this delay in imaging modes ruins the analysis as the sample is no longer in an identical state. To address this issue and bring a unique capability to NIST, an instrument has been commissioned for the simultaneous imaging with neutrons and x-rays. The new system orients a micro-focus 90 kV x-ray beam 90 degrees to the neutron beam which facilitates rapid dual-mode tomography of samples. Current highest spatial resolutions are 20 mu m and 10 mu m for the neutron and x-ray detectors, respectively, with upcoming improvements. This presentation will focus on introducing the new system and demonstrating its ability with several cases. Examples of high resolution water uptake and high speed imaging of uptake dynamics will be given. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - LaManna, Jacob AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Hussey, Daniel Seth AU - Jacobson, David L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51L EP - 1558 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Multiphase+flow+characterization+using+simultaneous+high+resolution+neutron+and+X-ray+imaging&rft.au=LaManna%2C+Jacob%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BHussey%2C+Daniel+Seth%3BJacobson%2C+David+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=LaManna&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The DOE subsurface (SubTER) initiative; revolutionizing responsible use of the subsurface for energy production and storage AN - 1849310478; 2016-109393 AB - The subsurface supplies more than 80% of the U.S.'s total energy needs through geothermal and hydrocarbon strategies and also provides vast potential for safe storage of CO (sub 2) and disposal of nuclear waste. Responsible and efficient use of the subsurface poses many challenges, many of which require the capability to monitor and manipulate sub-surface stress, fractures, and fluid flow at all scales. Adaptive control of subsurface fractures and flow is a multi-disciplinary challenge that, if achieved, has the potential to transform all subsurface energy strategies. As part of the U.S. Department of Energy's SubTER (Subsurface Technology and Engineering Research development and demonstration) initiative, a multi-National Laboratory team is developing next-generation approaches that will allow for adaptive control of subsurface fractures and flow. SubTER has identified an initial suite of technical thrust areas to focus work, and has initiated a number of small projects. This presentation will describe early progress associated with the SubTER technical topic areas of wellbore integrity, subsurface stress and induced seismicity, permeability manipulation and new subsurface signals. It will also describe SubTER plans, and provide a venue to solicit suggestions and discuss potential partnerships associated with future research directions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Walck, Marianne C AU - Blankenship, Doug AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Bromhal, Grant S AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Pawar, Rajesh AU - Polsky, Yarom AU - Mattson, Earl AU - Mellors, Roberts J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51M EP - 1561 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+DOE+subsurface+%28SubTER%29+initiative%3B+revolutionizing+responsible+use+of+the+subsurface+for+energy+production+and+storage&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BWalck%2C+Marianne+C%3BBlankenship%2C+Doug%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BBromhal%2C+Grant+S%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BPawar%2C+Rajesh%3BPolsky%2C+Yarom%3BMattson%2C+Earl%3BMellors%2C+Roberts+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Federal data repository research; recent developments in mercury search system architecture AN - 1844920410; 2016-100713 AB - New data intensive project initiatives needs new generation data system architecture. This presentation will discuss the recent developments in Mercury System including adoption, challenges, and future efforts to handle such data intensive projects. Mercury is a combination of three main tools (i) Data/Metadata registration Tool (Online Metadata Editor): The new Online Metadata Editor (OME) is a web-based tool to help document the scientific data in a well-structured, popular scientific metadata formats. (ii) Search and Visualization Tool: Provides a single portal to information contained in disparate data management systems. It facilitates distributed metadata management, data discovery, and various visuzalization capabilities. (iii) Data Citation Tool: In collaboration with Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Mercury Consortium (funded by NASA, USGS and DOE), established a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) service. Mercury is a open source system, developed and managed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and is currently being funded by three federal agencies, including NASA, USGS and DOE. It provides access to millions of bio-geo-chemical and ecological data; 30,000 scientists use it each month. Some recent data intensive projects that are using Mercury tool: USGS Science Data Catalog (http://data.usgs.gov/), Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (http://ngee-arctic.ornl.gov/), Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (http://cdiac.ornl.gov/), Oak Ridge National Laboratory - Distributed Active Archive Center (http://daac.ornl.gov), SoilSCAPE (http://mercury.ornl.gov/soilscape). References: [1] Devarakonda, Ranjeet, et al. "Mercury: reusable metadata management, data discovery and access system." Earth Science Informatics 3.1-2 (2010): 87-94. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Devarakonda, Ranjeet AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract IN13B EP - 1840 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844920410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Federal+data+repository+research%3B+recent+developments+in+mercury+search+system+architecture&rft.au=Devarakonda%2C+Ranjeet%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Devarakonda&rft.aufirst=Ranjeet&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-model framework for investigating potential climate change impacts on interdependent critical infrastructure AN - 1844920400; 2016-100971 AB - Built infrastructure consists of a series of interconnected networks with many coupled interdependencies. Traditionally, risk and vulnerability assessments are conducted one infrastructure at a time, considering only direct impacts on built and planned assets. However, extreme events caused by climate change affect local communities in different respects and stress vital interconnected infrastructures in complex ways that cannot be captured with traditional risk assessment methodologies. We employ a combination of high-performance computing, geographical information science, and imaging methods to examine the impacts of climate change on infrastructure for cities in two different climate regions: Chicago, Illinois in the Midwest and Portland, Maine (and Casco Bay area) in the Northeast. In Illinois, we evaluate effects of changes in regional temperature and precipitation, informed by an extreme climate change projection, population growth and migration, water supply, and technological development, on electricity generation and consumption. In Maine, we determine the aggregate effects of sea level rise, changing precipitation patterns, and population shifts on the depth of the freshwater-saltwater interface in coastal aquifers and the implications of these changes for water supply in general. The purpose of these efforts is to develop a multi-model framework for investigating potential climate change impacts on interdependent critical infrastructure assessing both vulnerabilities and alternative adaptive measures. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Sylvester, Linda AU - Allen, Melissa R AU - Wilbanks, Thomas J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract PA43A EP - 2180 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844920400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Multi-model+framework+for+investigating+potential+climate+change+impacts+on+interdependent+critical+infrastructure&rft.au=Sylvester%2C+Linda%3BAllen%2C+Melissa+R%3BWilbanks%2C+Thomas+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sylvester&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using neutrons to study fluid-rock interactions in shales AN - 1840615449; 2016-093643 AB - Recovery of hydrocarbons by hydraulic fracturing depends on complex fluid-rock interactions that we are beginning to understand using neutron imaging and scattering techniques. Organic matter is often thought to comprise the majority of porosity in a shale. In this study, correlations between the type of organic matter embedded in a shale and porosity were investigated experimentally. Selected shale cores from the Eagle Ford and Marcellus formations were subjected to pyrolysis-gas chromatography, Differential Thermal Analysis/Thermogravimetric analysis, and organic solvent extraction with the resulting affluent analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The pore size distribution of the microporosity ( approximately 1 nm to 2 mu m) in the Eagle Ford shales was measured before and after solvent extraction using small angle neutron scattering. Organics representing mass fractions of between 0.1 to 1 wt.% were removed from the shales and porosity generally increased across the examined microporosity range, particularly at larger pore sizes, approximately 50 nm to 2 mu m. This range reflects extraction of accessible organic material, including remaining gas molecules, bitumen, and kerogen derivatives, indicating where the larger amount of organic matter in shale is stored. An increase in porosity at smaller pore sizes, approximately 1-3 nm, was also present and could be indicative of extraction of organic material stored in the inter-particle spaces of clays. Additionally, a decrease in porosity after extraction for a sample was attributed to swelling of pores with solvent uptake. This occurred in a shale with high clay content and low thermal maturity. The extracted hydrocarbons were primarily paraffinic, although some breakdown of larger aromatic compounds was observed in toluene extractions. The amount of hydrocarbon extracted and an overall increase in porosity appeared to be primarily correlated with the clay percentage in the shale. This study complements fluid transport neutron imaging studies, to explain the physics and chemistry of fluid-rock behavior. Research supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division and the Bredesen Center at the University of Tennessee. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - DiStefano, Victoria H AU - McFarlane, Joanna AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Gordon, Alexander AU - Hale, Richard E AU - Hunt, Rodney D AU - Lewis, Samuel A AU - Littrell, Ken C AU - Stack, Andrew G AU - Chipera, Steve AU - Perfect, Edmund AU - Bilheux, Hassina AU - Kolbus, Lindsay Marie AU - Bingham, Philip R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H21N EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840615449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Using+neutrons+to+study+fluid-rock+interactions+in+shales&rft.au=DiStefano%2C+Victoria+H%3BMcFarlane%2C+Joanna%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BGordon%2C+Alexander%3BHale%2C+Richard+E%3BHunt%2C+Rodney+D%3BLewis%2C+Samuel+A%3BLittrell%2C+Ken+C%3BStack%2C+Andrew+G%3BChipera%2C+Steve%3BPerfect%2C+Edmund%3BBilheux%2C+Hassina%3BKolbus%2C+Lindsay+Marie%3BBingham%2C+Philip+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=DiStefano&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - From the nano- to the formation scale; accessible reactive surface area in a CO (sub 2) saline reservoir AN - 1832723757; 2016-091998 AB - Among the outstanding subsurface science challenges today is the translation of our improved understanding of pore-scale reactive transport and bench-scale geochemical rates of reaction to the prediction of long-term formation response to the sequestration of carbon dioxide. The emergent complexity of CO (sub 2) -brine-rock interactions, on a large scale, over long periods of time (up to 1000 years) arises from a number of imperfectly understood factors. Of these, the accessibility of reactive surfaces distinguishes natural materials from powders commonly used in reaction rate studies, and geologic heterogeneity requires a workflow that connects samples, not to depths, but to material types that, combined, constitute a subsurface formation. To this end, core samples targeting every lithology type (quartz arenite, quartz-feldspar arenite, hematitic matrix-rich sandstone, clay-silt lens) observed in two bore holes through the Mt. Simon Sandstone of Ohio have been interrogated. Small- and ultra small-angle neutron scattering (SANS, USANS) and mercury and gas porosimetry (MICP, BET) have been used to quantify pore and pore throat distributions, and therefore pore volume accessibility at any given intrusion pressure. Mineral surface area is calculated using high-resolution SEM-BSE imagery combined with energy dispersive X-ray mineral mapping, and then extended beyond the limit of image-based techniques by using BET estimates for specific minerals. Combined, these datasets enable the quantification of mineral-specific, connected surface area as a function of pore/fracture scale. This is a defining feature of a pore-mineral assemblage, the microanalysis analogue of a macroscale lithology. The whole formation is then reconstructed by connecting pore-mineral assemblages to lithologies, defined by permeability/porosity and by mineralogy, and these in turn to the whole vertical extent of the formation using coarser-scale images of whole core. This effort therefore contributes both to the nanoscale analysis of accessible reactive surface area, and to the rapid application of such an analysis to the formation scale. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Swift, A AU - Cole, D R AU - Sheets, J M AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H41C EP - 1308 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=From+the+nano-+to+the+formation+scale%3B+accessible+reactive+surface+area+in+a+CO+%28sub+2%29+saline+reservoir&rft.au=Swift%2C+A%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BSheets%2C+J+M%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Swift&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Headwater streams in porous landscapes; what's the contributing area? AN - 1828845896; 2016-086401 AB - Building on a long legacy of hydrogeological investigations at the Savannah River Site in the Sandhills of the Upper Coastal Plain in South Carolina, we began in 2005 a headwater-scale investigation of hillslope flow pathways, streamflow sources, and water quality responses to intensive woody biomass production. The landscape is characterized by blackwater streams flowing slowly through wide flat stream valleys, deep unconsolidated layers of sands and clays, a regional clay layer beneath Fourmile Creek that defines the lower boundary of the surficial aquifer, rolling topography with steeper slopes on the valley margins and gentle slopes elsewhere, and a sandy clay loam argillic layer within 0.2 to 1.5 m from the surface. Most water leaves headwater basins by groundwater flow, appearing as streamflow far downstream. Only at scales larger than 50 km (super 2) does average streamflow match expectations from water balances. This raises the question, what constitutes the contributing area for headwater streams in porous landscapes? Perching and interflow generation over the argillic horizon is common, but leakage through clay is rapid relative to interflow travel times, so interflow serves to shift the point of percolation downslope from the point of infiltration. Only interflow from the valley-adjacent slopes can contribute to stormflow responses. Our interflow interception trenches and maximum rise piezometer networks reveal high heterogeneity in subsurface flow paths at multiple spatial scales. Streamwater has isotopic and chemical characteristics similar to deep groundwater, but we cannot easily determine the source area for groundwater reaching the first order streams. Our observations suggest that one's view of hillslope and catchment flow processes depends on the scale, number, and frequency of observations of state variables and outputs. In some cases, less frequent or less numerous observations of fewer tracers would have yielded different inferences. The data also suggest that each hillslope encompasses an ensemble of thresholds and flow paths that vary with moisture content over space and time. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jackson, C R AU - Bitew, M M AU - Du, E AU - Griffiths, N AU - Hopp, L AU - Klaus, J AU - McDonnell, J AU - Vache, K B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H32D EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828845896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Headwater+streams+in+porous+landscapes%3B+what%27s+the+contributing+area%3F&rft.au=Jackson%2C+C+R%3BBitew%2C+M+M%3BDu%2C+E%3BGriffiths%2C+N%3BHopp%2C+L%3BKlaus%2C+J%3BMcDonnell%2C+J%3BVache%2C+K+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of advanced reactive surface area estimates for improved prediction of mineral reaction rates in porous media AN - 1824215708; 2016-082528 AB - CO (sub 2) sequestration in deep sedimentary formations is a promising means of reducing atmospheric CO (sub 2) emissions but the rate and extent of mineral trapping remains difficult to predict. Reactive transport models provide predictions of mineral trapping based on laboratory mineral reaction rates, which have been shown to have large discrepancies with field rates. This, in part, may be due to poor quantification of mineral reactive surface area in natural porous media. Common estimates of mineral reactive surface area are ad hoc and typically based on grain size, adjusted several orders of magnitude to account for surface roughness and reactivity. This results in orders of magnitude discrepancies in estimated surface areas that directly translate into orders of magnitude discrepancies in model predictions. Additionally, natural systems can be highly heterogeneous and contain abundant nano- and micro-porosity, which can limit connected porosity and access to mineral surfaces. In this study, mineral-specific accessible surface areas are computed for a sample from the reservoir formation at the Nagaoka pilot CO (sub 2) injection site (Japan). Accessible mineral surface areas are determined from a multi-scale image analysis including X-ray microCT, SEM QEMSCAN, XRD, SANS, and SEM-FIB. Powder and flow-through column laboratory experiments are performed and the evolution of solutes in the aqueous phase is tracked. Continuum-scale reactive transport models are used to evaluate the impact of reactive surface area on predictions of experimental reaction rates. Evaluated reactive surface areas include geometric and specific surface areas (e.g. BET) in addition to their reactive-site weighted counterparts. The most accurate predictions of observed powder mineral dissolution rates were obtained through use of grain-size specific surface areas computed from a BET-based correlation. Effectively, this surface area reflects the grain-fluid contact area, or accessible surface area, in the powder dissolution experiment. In the model of the flow-through column experiment, the accessible mineral surface area, computed from the multi-scale image analysis, is evaluated in addition to the traditional surface area estimates. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Beckingham, L E AU - Mitnick, Elizabeth H AU - Zhang, Shuo AU - Voltolini, M AU - Yang, L AU - Steefel, C I AU - Swift, A AU - Cole, D R AU - Sheets, J AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Landrot, G AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Mito, S AU - Xue, Ziqiu AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H43K EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+advanced+reactive+surface+area+estimates+for+improved+prediction+of+mineral+reaction+rates+in+porous+media&rft.au=Beckingham%2C+L+E%3BMitnick%2C+Elizabeth+H%3BZhang%2C+Shuo%3BVoltolini%2C+M%3BYang%2C+L%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BSwift%2C+A%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BSheets%2C+J%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BLandrot%2C+G%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BMito%2C+S%3BXue%2C+Ziqiu%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Beckingham&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of internal aperture variability on tracer transport in large discrete fracture networks (DFN) AN - 1824215524; 2016-082591 AB - Aperture variability within individual fractures is usually neglected in modeling flow and transport through fractured media. Typically, individual fractures are assumed to be homogeneous. However, in reality, individual fractures are heterogeneous, which may affect flow and transport in fractured media. The relative importance of including in-fracture variability in flow and transport modeling has been under debate for a long time. Previous studies have shown flow channeling on an individual fracture with internal variability, where the fracture is considered isolated from the rest of the fracture network. Although these studies yield some clear insights into the process, the boundary conditions are impractical for field-scale networks, where the realistic boundary conditions are determined by fracture connections in the network. Therefore, flow in a single fracture is controlled not only by in-fracture variability but also by boundary conditions. In order to address the question of the importance of in-fracture variability, the internal heterogeneity of every individual fracture is incorporated into a three-dimensional fracture network, represented by a composition of intersecting fractures. The new DFN simulation capability, dfnWorks, is used to generate a kilometer scale DFNs similar to the Forsmark, Sweden site. In our DFN model, the in-fracture aperture variability is scattered over each cell of the computational mesh along the fracture, representing by a stationary Gaussian random field with various correlation lengths. The Lagrangian particle tracking is conducted in multiple DFN realizations and the flow-dependent Lagrangian parameters, non-reacting travel time, tau , and cumulative reactivity parameter, beta , are obtained along particles streamlines. It is shown that early particle travel times are more sensitive to in-fracture aperture variability than tails of travel time distributions, where no significant effect of the aperture variations and spatial correlation length is observed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Makedonska, Nataliia AU - Painter, S L AU - Hyman, J AU - Karra, S AU - Gable, C W AU - Viswanathan, H S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51C EP - 1379 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Effect+of+internal+aperture+variability+on+tracer+transport+in+large+discrete+fracture+networks+%28DFN%29&rft.au=Makedonska%2C+Nataliia%3BPainter%2C+S+L%3BHyman%2C+J%3BKarra%2C+S%3BGable%2C+C+W%3BViswanathan%2C+H+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Makedonska&rft.aufirst=Nataliia&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of injection mode on transport properties in kilometer-scale three-dimensional discrete fracture networks AN - 1824215390; 2016-082582 AB - We investigate how the choice of injection mode impacts transport properties in kilometer-scale three-dimensional discrete fracture networks (DFN). The choice of injection mode, resident or flux-weighted, is designed to mimic different physical phenomena. It has been hypothesized that solute plumes injected under resident conditions evolve to behave similarly to solutes injected under flux-weighted conditions. Previously, computational limitations have prohibited the large-scale simulations required to investigate this hypothesis. Using a new high performance DFN suite, dfnWorks, we simulate flow in kilometer-scale three-dimensional DFNs based on fractured granite at the Forsmark site in Sweden, and adopt a Lagrangian approach to simulate transport therein. Results show that after traveling through a pre-equilibrium region both injection methods exhibit linear scaling of the first moment of travel time and power law scaling of the breakthrough curve with similar exponents, slightly larger than two. The physical mechanisms behind this evolution appear to be the combination of in-network channeling of mass into larger fractures, which offer reduced resistance to flow, and in-fracture channeling, which results from the topology of the DFN. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hyman, J AU - Painter, S L AU - Viswanathan, H S AU - Makedonska, N AU - Karra, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51C EP - 1370 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Influence+of+injection+mode+on+transport+properties+in+kilometer-scale+three-dimensional+discrete+fracture+networks&rft.au=Hyman%2C+J%3BPainter%2C+S+L%3BViswanathan%2C+H+S%3BMakedonska%2C+N%3BKarra%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hyman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring model complexity for column experiments using model selection criteria AN - 1815672436; 2016-075726 AB - Selecting the reliable models for simulating column experiments is essential for the identification of processes governing contaminant transport. The aim of this work is to use model selection criteria (AIC, AICc, BIC and KIC) for exploring the most appropriate model to avoid over-complex and/or over-parameterized models. We consider five models of different levels of complexity, including the equilibrium and non-equilibrium convection dispersion models. The simplest model (CDE1) consists of the convection-dispersion equation, and only dispersivity is calibrated against column experiments. The most complex model (MIM2) is the mobile-immobile model with four parameters calibrated (with two parameters specifically for the model). The model selection criteria are used to evaluate the probabilities of the five models. It was found that using the full covariance matrix that consider residual correlation resolve the problem that the most complex model receives almost 100% model probability, which is not explainable by available data and knowledge. The model complexity is related to the various terms of the model selection criteria, and their relation is examined by physical understanding of the alternative models and the column experiments. The model selection criteria consider the goodness-of-fit statistics, number of model parameter, sensitivity to the model parameters, and uncertainty of the parameters. Considering these factors can prevent from occurring over-complexity and over-parameterization, when selecting the appropriate models for simulating column experiments. Cross-validation is conducted to confirm the conclusions drawn based on the model selection criteria. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ye, Ming AU - Samani, Saeideh AU - Elshall, Ahmed S AU - Tang, Guoping AU - Niu, Xufeng AU - Asghari Moghaddam, Asghar AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H13A EP - 1493 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815672436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Exploring+model+complexity+for+column+experiments+using+model+selection+criteria&rft.au=Ye%2C+Ming%3BSamani%2C+Saeideh%3BElshall%2C+Ahmed+S%3BTang%2C+Guoping%3BNiu%2C+Xufeng%3BAsghari+Moghaddam%2C+Asghar%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ye&rft.aufirst=Ming&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-scale evidence of large CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) emissions from permafrost during spring thaw in northern Alaska AN - 1807509448; 2016-066716 AB - Arctic warming will amplify climate change especially if thawing tundra emits increasingly greater amounts of CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) due to rising temperatures in the coming decades. However, uncertainties about flux rates and sources limit the prediction of these feedbacks. The few observations of tundra carbon fluxes during snowmelt suggest that there may be large releases during spring thaw, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms and whether emissions of greenhouse gases are widespread enough to influence atmospheric concentrations. To address this question we employed a multi-scale approach, including ecosystem-scale measurements, a mechanistic soil-core thawing experiment, and airborne observations of atmospheric carbon concentrations. We show that fluxes during the 2-week period of snow and surface-ice melt in 2014 near Barrow, Alaska, reduced the net snow-free season uptake of CO (sub 2) by 46% and added 6% to the CH (sub 4) emissions. A controlled laboratory experiment revealed that when frozen permafrost was exposed to warming temperatures, it released an immediate, large pulse of CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) that had been trapped under the surface ice. While the Alaskan North Slope was undergoing snowmelt, changes in the concentrations of CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) measured by aircraft were correlated to fluxes of CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) measured by eddy-covariance. Airborne measurements from the aircraft reflected local observations, and confirmed that the pulse had influence on regional atmospheric concentrations. This research suggests that the Arctic carbon spring pulse is a result of a delayed release of biogenic production in fall, and that this pulse is widespread and large enough to offset a significant fraction of the moderate Arctic tundra carbon sink. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Raz Yaseef, N AU - Torn, M S AU - Billesbach, D P AU - Wu, Y AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Romanovsky, V E AU - Cook, D R AU - Commane, R AU - Henderson, J AU - Miller, C E AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B43M EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Multi-scale+evidence+of+large+CO+%28sub+2%29+and+CH+%28sub+4%29+emissions+from+permafrost+during+spring+thaw+in+northern+Alaska&rft.au=Raz+Yaseef%2C+N%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BBillesbach%2C+D+P%3BWu%2C+Y%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BRomanovsky%2C+V+E%3BCook%2C+D+R%3BCommane%2C+R%3BHenderson%2C+J%3BMiller%2C+C+E%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Raz+Yaseef&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drivers and estimates of terrain suitability for active layer detachment slides and retrogressive thaw slumps in the Brooks Range and foothills of northwest Alaska, USA AN - 1807509413; 2016-066717 AB - Active layer detachment sliding and retrogressive thaw slumping are important modes of upland permafrost degradation and disturbance in permafrost regions, and have been linked with climate warming trends, ecosystem impacts, and permafrost carbon release. In the Brooks Range and foothills of northwest Alaska, these features are widespread, with distribution linked to multiple landscape properties. Inter-related and co-varying terrain properties, including surficial geology, topography, geomorphology, vegetation and hydrology, are generally considered key drivers of permafrost landscape characteristics and responses to climate perturbation. However, these inter-relationships as collective drivers of terrain suitability for active layer detachment and retrogressive thaw slump processes are poorly understood in this region. We empirically tested and refined a hypothetical model of terrain factors driving active layer detachment and retrogressive thaw slump terrain suitability, and used final model results to generate synoptic terrain suitability estimates across the study region. Spatial data for terrain properties were examined against locations of 2,492 observed active layer detachments and 805 observed retrogressive thaw slumps using structural equation modelling and integrated terrain unit analysis. Factors significant to achieving model fit were found to substantially hone and constrain region-wide terrain suitability estimates, suggesting that omission of relevant factors leads to broad overestimation of terrain suitability. Resulting probabilistic maps of terrain suitability, and a threshold-delineated mask of suitable terrain, were used to quantify and describe landscape settings typical of these features. 51% of the study region is estimated suitable terrain for retrogressive thaw slumps, compared with 35% for active layer detachment slides, while 29% of the study region is estimated suitable for both. Results improve current understanding of arctic landscape vulnerability and responses to climate change, and enhance the capability to estimate quantities of permafrost carbon and nitrogen potentially subject to release through these modes of permafrost degradation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Balser, A AU - Jones, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B43M EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Drivers+and+estimates+of+terrain+suitability+for+active+layer+detachment+slides+and+retrogressive+thaw+slumps+in+the+Brooks+Range+and+foothills+of+northwest+Alaska%2C+USA&rft.au=Balser%2C+A%3BJones%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Balser&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Susceptibility of permafrost soil organic carbon under warming climate AN - 1807509129; 2016-066678 AB - Degradation of soil organic carbon (SOC) that has been stored in permafrost is a key concern under warming climate because it could provide a positive feedback. Studies and conceptual models suggest that SOC degradation is largely controlled by the decomposability of SOC, but it is unclear exactly what portions of SOC are susceptible to rapid breakdown and what mechanisms may be involved in SOC degradation. Using a suite of analytical techniques, we examined the dynamic consumption and production of labile SOC compounds, including sugars, alcohols, and small molecular weight organic acids in incubation experiments (up to 240 days at either -2 or 8 degrees C) with a tundra soil under anoxic conditions, where SOC respiration and iron(III) reduction were monitored. We observe that sugars and alcohols are main components in SOC accounting for initial rapid release of CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) through anaerobic fermentation, whereas the fermentation products such as acetate and formate are subsequently utilized as primary substrates for methanogenesis. Iron(III) reduction is correlated to acetate production and methanogenesis, suggesting its important roles as an electron acceptor in tundra SOC respiration. These observations corroborate strongly with the glucose addition during incubation, in which rapid CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) production is observed concurrently with rapid production and consumption of organics such as acetate. Thus, the biogeochemical processes we document here are pertinent to understanding the accelerated SOC decomposition with temperature and could provide basis for model predicting feedbacks to climate warming in the Arctic. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Yang, Z AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Liang, L AU - Graham, D E AU - Gu, B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B41J EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Susceptibility+of+permafrost+soil+organic+carbon+under+warming+climate&rft.au=Yang%2C+Z%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BLiang%2C+L%3BGraham%2C+D+E%3BGu%2C+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermokarst terrain; pan-Arctic distribution and soil carbon vulnerability AN - 1807509089; 2016-066715 AB - Development of thermokarst landforms through the thawing of ice-rich permafrost soils is expected to accelerate in the northern hemisphere due to ongoing climate change. This can damage infrastructure but also drastically impact landscape soil carbon storage and greenhouse gas emissions. Here we present a first circumpolar assessment of the spatial extent and distribution of thermokarst terrain, defined as landscapes where thermokarst landforms either have developed or potentially can develop. We differentiate between wetland, lake and hillslope thermokarst terrain types, and assess regional coverage of each type using geographical information of landscape characteristics, including ground ice content, soil type, topography, biome, and permafrost zone. Each thermokarst terrain type is estimated to occupy 5 to 8% of the northern boreal and tundra permafrost region, but otherwise differ markedly in their spatial distribution and projected exposure to climate change. With high soil organic carbon content, thermokarst terrain is estimated to store a disproportionate 30% of the total permafrost region soil organic carbon stock in the upper 3 meters of soil, and potentially more than half when accounting for deeper carbon stores. This first-order estimate of the distribution of northern thermokarst terrain is an essential step for assessing soil carbon vulnerability to thaw and the magnitude of the permafrost carbon feedback. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Olefeldt, D AU - Goswami, S AU - Grosse, G AU - Hayes, D J AU - Hugelius, G AU - Kuhry, P AU - McGuire, A D AU - Romanovsky, V E AU - Sannel, Britta AU - Schuur, Edward AU - Turetsky, M R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B43M EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Thermokarst+terrain%3B+pan-Arctic+distribution+and+soil+carbon+vulnerability&rft.au=Olefeldt%2C+D%3BGoswami%2C+S%3BGrosse%2C+G%3BHayes%2C+D+J%3BHugelius%2C+G%3BKuhry%2C+P%3BMcGuire%2C+A+D%3BRomanovsky%2C+V+E%3BSannel%2C+Britta%3BSchuur%2C+Edward%3BTuretsky%2C+M+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Olefeldt&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The stability of peatland carbon stores to global change; evidence for enhanced methane and carbon dioxide production AN - 1807508701; 2016-066721 AB - Peatlands sequester large stores of carbon in sedimentary sequences that can be meters thick. Peatlands can be separated into two main layers: the acrotelm, which is exposed to the atmosphere and dominated by living plants, and the catotelm, which tends to be anoxic and is where the majority of organic matter is stored. In response to warming climate, to what extent will peatland organic matter be activated to form additional CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) relative to current production rates? To predict the answer to this question the SPRUCE (Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Climatic and Environmental Change) project is being conducted in a bog ecosystem in northern Minnesota. The study is designed to improve predictive skill in peat and wetland-methane models by defining quantitative relationships among decomposition indices, microbial communities, and CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) production rates. The manipulation is being conducted in a staged approach, and deep warming through the entire nearly equal 2 m peat profile was initiated in June of 2014 at +0, +2.2, +4.5, +6.8 and +9C. Starting in summer 2015, the project will enhance both above and belowground temperature and CO (sub 2) levels. Following months of temperature enhancement there is no evidence of an effect on catotelm peat. In bog pre-treatment, control and treatment plots, microbial respiration and CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) production in the deep peat is driven primarily by recent plant production and to date, this trend continues in the catolem following treatment. Methane d13C and fractionation factors are invariant across the treatments, as are gas concentrations at depth. Surface CH (sub 4) emission, however, has shown a positive correlation with peat temperature, and measurements of CH (sub 4) production in incubations across the depth profile suggest that surface peat is more responsive to increases in soil temperature, apparently driving the emission response. Shifts in the composition and metabolic potential of microbial communities are being examined using next generation sequencing, metagenomic, and metatranscriptomic approaches. Prior to heating, microbial communities showed strong vertical stratification correlated to peat decomposition and humification, while little spatial or temporal variation was observed. Peat samples from after 1 year of heating are now being processed and data will soon be available. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chanton, J AU - Wilson, R AU - Tfaily, M M AU - Sebestyen, S D AU - Medvedeff, C AU - McFarlane, K J AU - Kolka, R K AU - Kostka, J E AU - Keller, J AU - Hanson, P J AU - Guilderson, T P AU - de La Cruz, F AU - Cooper, W T AU - Bridgham, S D AU - Barlaz, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B44B EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+stability+of+peatland+carbon+stores+to+global+change%3B+evidence+for+enhanced+methane+and+carbon+dioxide+production&rft.au=Chanton%2C+J%3BWilson%2C+R%3BTfaily%2C+M+M%3BSebestyen%2C+S+D%3BMedvedeff%2C+C%3BMcFarlane%2C+K+J%3BKolka%2C+R+K%3BKostka%2C+J+E%3BKeller%2C+J%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BGuilderson%2C+T+P%3Bde+La+Cruz%2C+F%3BCooper%2C+W+T%3BBridgham%2C+S+D%3BBarlaz%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chanton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic and geochemical fingerprinting of a polygonal Arctic ecosystem AN - 1807508585; 2016-066748 AB - Arctic tundra contain large C stocks and may be an important source of CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) over the next century due to a rapidly changing climate, degrading permafrost, and redistribution of water across high latitude landscapes. This presentation synthesizes geochemical and isotopic data and examines vertical and lateral factors and processes critical to predicting the C, N, and water balance of tundra ecosystems. Stable water isotope analyses (delta (super 2) H and delta (super 18) O) indicate that summer rain is the dominant source for active layer groundwater, with melting seasonal ice contributing to deeper pore waters in late summer. Microtopography and water table effects on geochemistry were apparent from a comprehensive spatial examination of active layer biogeochemistry, showing a number of significant differences in the concentrations of cations and anions for high- vs. low-centered polygons, microtopographic features (polygonal centers vs. troughs), and with depth. Results have implications for future nutrient availability with projected permafrost degradation and landscape evolution, suggesting greater availability of limiting nutrients (sulfate, phosphate, and nitrate) where polygons undergo a shift from low- to high-centered. Nitrate isotopes (delta (super 15) N and delta (super 18) O) indicated a predominantly microbial source for nitrate in high centered polygons active layers. However, atmospheric nitrate was preserved in permafrost, and may serve as a potential indicator of permafrost degradation. Additionally, results suggest that older, deeper C sources may be promoting a shift in methanogenic pathway, from predominantly acetoclastic to hydrogenotrophic. This mechanistic shift is attributed to the source and quality of available organic substrate. Overall, results showed substantial lateral and vertical variability in biogeochemical, biogeophysical, and hydrological processes across microtopographic- to landscape scales that needs to be accounted for in fine and intermediate scale models. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Throckmorton, H AU - Heikoop, J M AU - Newman, B D AU - Wilson, C J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B51C EP - 0439 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Isotopic+and+geochemical+fingerprinting+of+a+polygonal+Arctic+ecosystem&rft.au=Throckmorton%2C+H%3BHeikoop%2C+J+M%3BNewman%2C+B+D%3BWilson%2C+C+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Throckmorton&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing biotic and abiotic properties of landscape and their implications for ecohydrological processes across scales AN - 1807508383; 2016-066747 AB - Ecohydrological processes governing the dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems and its response and feedback to climate change occur at diverse spatial and temporal scales. To accurately capture the dynamics of ecohydrological processes in the model, its critically important to capture the subgrid scale heterogeneity of the landscape and develop scale aware process representation and parameterization. This study focused on the Arctic tundra landscape at Seward Peninsula of Alaska. Ecohydrological processes in this sensitive landscape are strongly governed by the physical and structural properties (like topography, soil, permafrost, geomorphology etc.) of the landscape, environmental conditions (like temperature, precipitation, light, radiation) and biotic conditions (vegetation, above/below biomass and organic matter, disturbance history etc.). From site to watershed to regional (scale at which models often operate), landscape is a complex mosaic of a range of biotic and abiotic properties. We have developed and applied a hierarchical characterization and classification approach to segment the landscape in distinct units which can be used to develop and parameterize process models at local scale. We also analyze how the distribution and organization of the landscape units as building blocks influence and interact with ecosystem processes across scales. Our goals is understand the landscape organization principles and their roles to inform and improve process based models of ecohydrological processes in Arctic tundra landscape. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kumar, J AU - Langford, Z AU - Hoffman, F M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B51C EP - 0437 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Characterizing+biotic+and+abiotic+properties+of+landscape+and+their+implications+for+ecohydrological+processes+across+scales&rft.au=Kumar%2C+J%3BLangford%2C+Z%3BHoffman%2C+F+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A simplified, data-constrained approach to estimate the permafrost carbon-climate feedback; the PCN Incubation-Panarctic Thermal (PInc-PanTher) scaling approach AN - 1807508283; 2016-066691 AB - We present an approach to estimate the feedback from large-scale thawing of permafrost soils using a simplified, data-constrained model that combines three elements: soil carbon (C) maps and profiles to identify the distribution and type of C in permafrost soils; incubation experiments to quantify the rates of C lost after thaw; and models of soil thermal dynamics in response to climate warming. We call the approach the Permafrost Carbon Network Incubation-Panarctic Thermal scaling approach (PInc-PanTher). The approach assumes that C stocks do not decompose at all when frozen, but once thawed follow set decomposition trajectories as a function of soil temperature. The trajectories are determined according to a 3-pool decomposition model fitted to incubation data using parameters specific to soil horizon types. We calculate litterfall C inputs required to maintain steady-state C balance for the current climate, and hold those inputs constant. Soil temperatures are taken from the soil thermal modules of ecosystem model simulations forced by a common set of future climate change anomalies under two warming scenarios over the period 2010 to 2100. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Koven, C AU - Schuur, Edward AU - Schaedel, Christina AU - Bohn, Theodore J AU - Burke, Eleanor AU - Chen, G AU - Chen, X AU - Ciais, Philippe AU - Grosse, G AU - Harden, J W AU - Hayes, Daniel J AU - Hugelius, Gustaf AU - Jafarov, E E AU - Krinner, G AU - Kuhry, Peter AU - Lawrence, D M AU - MacDougall, Andrew AU - Marchenko, S S AU - McGuire, A D AU - Natali, S AU - Nicolsky, D AU - Olefeldt, D AU - Peng, S AU - Romanovsky, V E AU - Schaefer, Kevin M AU - Strauss, J AU - Treat, C C AU - Turetsky, M R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B42C EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+simplified%2C+data-constrained+approach+to+estimate+the+permafrost+carbon-climate+feedback%3B+the+PCN+Incubation-Panarctic+Thermal+%28PInc-PanTher%29+scaling+approach&rft.au=Koven%2C+C%3BSchuur%2C+Edward%3BSchaedel%2C+Christina%3BBohn%2C+Theodore+J%3BBurke%2C+Eleanor%3BChen%2C+G%3BChen%2C+X%3BCiais%2C+Philippe%3BGrosse%2C+G%3BHarden%2C+J+W%3BHayes%2C+Daniel+J%3BHugelius%2C+Gustaf%3BJafarov%2C+E+E%3BKrinner%2C+G%3BKuhry%2C+Peter%3BLawrence%2C+D+M%3BMacDougall%2C+Andrew%3BMarchenko%2C+S+S%3BMcGuire%2C+A+D%3BNatali%2C+S%3BNicolsky%2C+D%3BOlefeldt%2C+D%3BPeng%2C+S%3BRomanovsky%2C+V+E%3BSchaefer%2C+Kevin+M%3BStrauss%2C+J%3BTreat%2C+C+C%3BTuretsky%2C+M+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Koven&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Representing northern peatland hydrology and biogeochemistry within the Community Land Model AN - 1807504920; 2016-064430 AB - Northern peatlands are projected to become very important in future carbon-climate feedback due to their large carbon storage and vulnerability to changes in hydrology and climate impacts. Understanding the hydrology and biogeochemistry is a fundamental task for projecting the fate of massive carbon stores in these systems under future climate change. Models have started to address microtopographic controls on peatland hydrology, but none have considered a prognostic calculation of water table dynamics in vegetated peatlands rather than prescribed regional water tables. We introduced here a new configuration of the Community Land Model (CLM), which includes a fully prognostic water table calculation between hummock and hollow microtopography in a vegetated peatland. We further integrated the hydrology treatment with vertically structured soil organic matter pools, and a newly developed microbial functional group-based methane module. The model was further used to test against observational data obtained within Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Climatic and Environmental Change (SPRUCE) project. Results for water table dynamic, carbon profile, and land surface fluxes of carbon dioxide and methane were reasonable. Model simulations showed that warming and elevated CO2 had significant impacts on land surface fluxes of methane and carbon dioxide. The warming-induced hydrological changes are another factors influencing biogeochemistry along soil profiles and land surface gas fluxes. These preliminary results provide some insights for field experiments as well as data-model comparison in next phase of the SPRUCE project. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Shi, X AU - Ricciuto, D M AU - Xu, X AU - Thornton, P E AU - Hanson, P J AU - Mao, J AU - Sebestyen, S AU - Griffiths, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B41C EP - 0431 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807504920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Representing+northern+peatland+hydrology+and+biogeochemistry+within+the+Community+Land+Model&rft.au=Shi%2C+X%3BRicciuto%2C+D+M%3BXu%2C+X%3BThornton%2C+P+E%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BMao%2C+J%3BSebestyen%2C+S%3BGriffiths%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Change in terrestrial ecosystem water-use efficiency over the last three decades AN - 1803780184; 2016-060116 AB - Defined as the ratio between gross primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET), ecosystem-scale water-use efficiency (EWUE) is an indicator of the adjustment of vegetation photosynthesis to water loss. The processes controlling EWUE are complex and reflect both a slow evolution of plants and plant communities as well as fast adjustments of ecosystem functioning to changes of limiting resources. In this study, we investigated EWUE trends from 1982 to 2008 using data-driven models derived from satellite observations, and process-oriented carbon cycle models. Our findings suggest positive EWUE trends of 0.0056, 0.0007 and 0.0001 g C m (super -2) mm (super -1) yr (super -1) under the single effect of rising CO2 ('CO2'), climate change ('CLIM') and nitrogen deposition ('NDEP'), respectively. Global patterns of EWUE trends under the different scenarios suggest that: (i) EWUE-CO (sub 2) shows global increases, (ii) EWUE-CLIM increases in mainly high latitudes and decreases at middle and low latitudes, (iii) EWUE-NDEP displays slight increasing trends except in west Siberia, eastern Europe, parts of North America and central Amazonia. The data-driven MTE model, however, shows a slight decline of EWUE during the same period (-0.0005 g C m (super -2) mm (super -1) yr (super -1) ), which differs from process-models (0.0064 g C m (super -2) mm (super -1) yr (super -1) ) simulations with all drivers are taken into account. We attribute this discrepancy to the fact that the non-modeled physiological effects of elevated CO (sub 2) reducing stomatal conductance and transpiration (TR) in the MTE model. Partial correlation analysis between EWUE and climate drivers shows similar responses to climatic variables with the data-driven model and the process-oriented models across different ecosystems. Change in water-use efficiency defined from transpiration-based WUEt (GPP/TR) and inherent water-use efficiency IWUEt (GPPXVPD/TR) in response to rising CO (sub 2) , climate change, and nitrogen deposition are also discussed. Our analyses will facilitate mechanistic understanding of the carbon-water interactions over terrestrial ecosystems under global change. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Huang, Mengtian AU - Piao, Shilong AU - Sun, Yan AU - Ciais, Philippe AU - Cheng, Lei AU - Mao, Jiafu AU - Poulter, Ben AU - Shi, Xiaoying AU - Zeng, Zhenzhong AU - Wang, Yingping AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract PP41B EP - 2242 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1803780184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Change+in+terrestrial+ecosystem+water-use+efficiency+over+the+last+three+decades&rft.au=Huang%2C+Mengtian%3BPiao%2C+Shilong%3BSun%2C+Yan%3BCiais%2C+Philippe%3BCheng%2C+Lei%3BMao%2C+Jiafu%3BPoulter%2C+Ben%3BShi%2C+Xiaoying%3BZeng%2C+Zhenzhong%3BWang%2C+Yingping%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Mengtian&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature effects on microbial CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) production in permafrost-affected soils from the Barrow environmental observatory AN - 1797535097; 2016-050790 AB - Warmer Arctic temperatures are increasing the annual soil thaw depth and prolonging the thaw season in Alaskan permafrost zones. This change exposes organic matter buried in the soils and permafrost to microbial degradation and mineralization to form CO2 and CH4. The proportion and fluxes of these greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere control the global feedback on warming. To improve representations of these biogeochemical processes in terrestrial ecosystem models we compared soil properties and microbial activities in core samples of polygonal tundra from the Barrow Environmental Observatory. Measurements of soil water potential through the soil column characterized water binding to the organic and mineral components. This suction combines with temperature to control freezing, gas diffusion and microbial activity. The temperature-dependence of CO2 and CH4 production from anoxic soil incubations at -2, +4 or +8 degrees C identified a significant lag in methanogenesis relative to CO2 production by anaerobic respiration and fermentation. Changes in the abundance of methanogen signature genes during incubations indicate that microbial population shifts caused by thawing and warmer temperatures drive changes in the mixtures of soil carbon degradation products. Comparisons of samples collected across the microtopographic features of ice-wedge polygons address the impacts of water saturation, iron reduction and organic matter content on CH4 production and oxidation. These combined measurements build process understanding that can be applied across scales to constrain key response factors in models that address Arctic soil warming. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Graham, D E AU - Roy Chowdhury, T AU - Zheng, J AU - Moon, J W AU - Yang, Z AU - Gu, B AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B31D EP - 0617 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797535097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Temperature+effects+on+microbial+CH+%28sub+4%29+and+CO+%28sub+2%29+production+in+permafrost-affected+soils+from+the+Barrow+environmental+observatory&rft.au=Graham%2C+D+E%3BRoy+Chowdhury%2C+T%3BZheng%2C+J%3BMoon%2C+J+W%3BYang%2C+Z%3BGu%2C+B%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methane oxidation in arctic soils from high- and flat-centered polygons AN - 1797532541; 2016-053299 AB - The premise of global warming will cause deeper permafrost thawing, followed by increased carbon mineralization and CH (sub 4) formation in saturated tundra soils. Arctic tundra soils also serve as potential sinks for CH (sub 4) in response to warming temperature, which might be a key process in the global CH (sub 4) budget. Quantification of methane oxidation potential of Arctic tundra is an important component to constrain models assessing the Carbon-climate feedback from high latitude soils. The signature polygonal ground of Arctic tundra generates high level of heterogeneity in soil hydrology and soil thermal regime. Thus, two distinct polygonal features were investigated in this study to evaluate CH (sub 4) oxidation potentials under multiple biogeochemical controls. The rates, drivers, and temperature sensitivity of methane oxidation were compared between High- and Flat-Centered Polygons (HCP and FCP, respectively). A significant lag period of CO (sub 2) production was observed in soil microcosms from HCP center, which might be attributed to microbial biomass limitations and the slow growth of anaerobic microbial populations that were sensitive to freezing. Prolonged thawing significantly accelerated carbon mineralization and CH (sub 4) oxidation rates measured via methane oxidation assays (MOA) from both active and permafrost organic layers of HCP. Soil microcosms from FCP showed higher CO (sub 2) production and CH (sub 4) oxidation rates in the active organic layer, but not permafrost layer, which might be explained by the anoxic/oxic interface identified by Fe(II) content in active layer. MOAs with temperature manipulation demonstrated high temperature dependence of methane oxidation activity, mediated primarily by soluble methane monooxygenase based upon metagenomic analysis and PCR quantification. Future work will identify key variables controlling methane oxidation rate and develop parameterization that can be incorporated into Arctic terrestrial ecosystem models. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zheng, J AU - Roy Chowdhury, T AU - Yang, Z AU - Gu, B AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Graham, D E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B13D EP - 0651 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797532541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Methane+oxidation+in+arctic+soils+from+high-+and+flat-centered+polygons&rft.au=Zheng%2C+J%3BRoy+Chowdhury%2C+T%3BYang%2C+Z%3BGu%2C+B%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BGraham%2C+D+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production of excess CO (sub 2) relative to methane in peatlands; a new H (sub 2) sink AN - 1797532503; 2016-053200 AB - Methane is generated as the end product of anaerobic organic matter degradation following a series of reaction pathways including fermentation and syntrophy. Along with acetate and CO2, syntrophic reactions generate H2 and are only thermodynamically feasible when coupled to an exothermic reaction that consumes H2. The usual model of organic matter degradation in peatlands has assumed that methanogenesis is that exothermic H2-consuming reaction. If correct, this paradigm should ultimately result in equimolar production of CO2 and methane from the degradation of the model organic compound cellulose: i.e. C6H12O6 a 3CO2 + 3CH4. However, dissolved gas measurement and modeling results from field and incubation experiments spanning peatlands across the northern hemisphere have failed to demonstrate equimolar production of CO2 and methane. Instead, in a flagrant violation of thermodynamics, these studies show a large bias favoring CO2 production over methane generation. In this talk, we will use an array of complementary analytical techniques including FT-IR, cellulose and lignin measurements, 13C-NMR, fluorescence spectroscopy, and ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry to describe organic matter degradation within a peat column and identify the important degradation mechanisms. Hydrogenation was the most common transformation observed in the ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry data. From these results we propose a new mechanism for consuming H2 generated during CO2 production, without concomitant methane formation, consistent with observed high CO2/CH4 ratios. While homoacetogenesis is a known sink for H2 in these systems, this process also consumes CO2 and therefore does not explain the excess CO2 measured in field and incubation samples. Not only does the newly proposed mechanism consume H2 without generating methane, but it also yields enough energy to balance the coupled syntrophic reactions, thereby restoring thermodynamic order. Schematic of organic matter degradation. Solid lines indicate traditional pathways from Conrad (1999), dashed lines indicates new proposed mechanism. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wilson, R AU - Woodcroft, B J AU - Varner, R K AU - Tyson, G W AU - Tfaily, M M AU - Sebestyen, S AU - Saleska, S R AU - Rogers, K AU - Rich, V I AU - McFarlane, K J AU - Kostka, J E AU - Kolka, R K AU - Keller, J AU - Iversen, C M AU - Hodgkins, S B AU - Hanson, P J AU - Guilderson, T P AU - Griffiths, N AU - de La Cruz, F AU - Crill, P M AU - Chanton, J AU - Bridgham, S D AU - Barlaz, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B11H EP - 0536 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797532503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Production+of+excess+CO+%28sub+2%29+relative+to+methane+in+peatlands%3B+a+new+H+%28sub+2%29+sink&rft.au=Wilson%2C+R%3BWoodcroft%2C+B+J%3BVarner%2C+R+K%3BTyson%2C+G+W%3BTfaily%2C+M+M%3BSebestyen%2C+S%3BSaleska%2C+S+R%3BRogers%2C+K%3BRich%2C+V+I%3BMcFarlane%2C+K+J%3BKostka%2C+J+E%3BKolka%2C+R+K%3BKeller%2C+J%3BIversen%2C+C+M%3BHodgkins%2C+S+B%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BGuilderson%2C+T+P%3BGriffiths%2C+N%3Bde+La+Cruz%2C+F%3BCrill%2C+P+M%3BChanton%2C+J%3BBridgham%2C+S+D%3BBarlaz%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecosystem composition changes over the past millennium; model simulations and comparison with paleoecological observations AN - 1797532491; 2016-053180 AB - Over multi-decadal to multi-centennial timescales, ecosystem function and carbon storage is largely influenced by vegetation composition. The predictability of ecosystem responses to climate change thus depends on the understanding of long-term community dynamics. Our study aims to quantify the influence of the most relevant ecological factors that control plant distribution and abundance, in contemporary terrestrial biosphere models and in paleo-records, and constrain the model processes and parameters with paleoecological data. We simulated vegetation changes at 6 sites in the northeastern United States over the past 1160 years using 7 terrestrial biosphere models and variations (CLM4.5-CN, ED2, ED2-LU, JULES-TRIFFID, LINKAGES, LPJ-GUESS, LPJ-wsl) driven by common paleoclimatic drivers. We examined plant growth, recruitment, and mortality (including other carbon turnover) of the plant functional types (PFTs) in the models, attributed the responses to three major factors (climate, competition, and disturbance), and estimated the relative effect of each factor. We assessed the model responses against plant-community theories (bioclimatic limits, niche difference, temporal variation and storage effect, and disturbance). We found that vegetation composition were sensitive to realized niche differences (e.g. differential growth response) among PFTs. Because many models assume unlimited dispersal and sometimes recruitment, the "storage effect" constantly affects community composition. Fire was important in determining the ecosystem composition, yet the vegetation to fire feedback was weak in the models. We also found that vegetation-composition changes in the simulations were driven to a much greater degree by growth as opposed to by turnover/mortality, when compared with those in paleoecological records. Our work suggest that 1) for forecasting slow changes in vegetation composition, we can use paleo-data to better quantify the realized niches of PFTs and associated uncertainties, and 2) for predicting abrupt changes in vegetation composition, we need to better implement processes of dynamic turnover and fire in current ecosystem models. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Liu, Y AU - Rollinson, C AU - Dietze, M AU - McLachlan, J S AU - Poulter, Benjamin AU - Quaife, T L AU - Raiho, A AU - Ricciuto, D M AU - Schaefer, K M AU - Steinkamp, J AU - Moore, D J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B11C EP - 0447 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797532491?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Ecosystem+composition+changes+over+the+past+millennium%3B+model+simulations+and+comparison+with+paleoecological+observations&rft.au=Liu%2C+Y%3BRollinson%2C+C%3BDietze%2C+M%3BMcLachlan%2C+J+S%3BPoulter%2C+Benjamin%3BQuaife%2C+T+L%3BRaiho%2C+A%3BRicciuto%2C+D+M%3BSchaefer%2C+K+M%3BSteinkamp%2C+J%3BMoore%2C+D+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Holocene carbon accumulation rates in the SPRUCE bog prior to warming and elevated CO (sub 2) treatment AN - 1797529556; 2016-053202 AB - In the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Climatic and Environmental Change (SPRUCE) experiment warming and elevated CO2 treatments are being applied to an ombrotrophic spruce bog: the S1 Bog (S1) at Marcell Experimental Forest in northern Minnesota. To provide a historical context for recent and expected experimentally-induced changes in the bog's belowground carbon balance, we reconstructed historical carbon accumulation rates in peat using radiocarbon from 19 peat cores collected from randomly distributed SPRUCE plots. This unusually high number of cores allows us to assess spatial variability in age-depth profiles and accumulation rates across the SPRUCE study area within S1. This data, along with recent C flux measurements, show that the bog has been accumulating carbon for at least 12,0000 years and has continued to be a sink for atmospheric carbon of approximately 150 g C m-2 yr-1 in recent decades. Early Holocene accumulation rates are similar to those reported for other northern peatlands (approximately 25 g C m-2 yr-1), but apparent carbon accumulation decreased substantially around 3,000 years ago (to 5-15 g C m-2 yr-1) and stayed low until the last century. This decrease is considerably larger than that reported for other peatlands and is therefore unlikely to result only from cooling during the Holocene or bog succession. Although no charcoal has been found in peat at this site, evidence from a neighboring bog indicates a considerable amount of peat formed during this period was consumed by fire and it is possible that smoldering fires consumed peat, resulting in low apparent accumulation rates. Past droughts may have also contributed to observed trends by lowering the acrotelm/catotelm boundary, allowing for enhanced aerobic peat decomposition. This work provides important background information on spatial variability and carbon biogeochemistry that will aid in interpretation of climate change simulation experiments at S1. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - McFarlane, K J AU - Iversen, C M AU - Phillips, J R AU - Brice, D J AU - Hanson, P J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B11H EP - 0540 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797529556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Holocene+carbon+accumulation+rates+in+the+SPRUCE+bog+prior+to+warming+and+elevated+CO+%28sub+2%29+treatment&rft.au=McFarlane%2C+K+J%3BIversen%2C+C+M%3BPhillips%2C+J+R%3BBrice%2C+D+J%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McFarlane&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonlinear solver approaches for the diffusive wave approximation to the shallow water equations AN - 1793205028; 2016-049419 AB - The diffusive wave approximation to the shallow water equations (DSW) is a doubly-degenerate, nonlinear, parabolic partial differential equation used to model overland flows. Despite its challenges, the DSW equation has been extensively used to model the overland flow component of various integrated surface/subsurface models. The equation's complications become increasingly problematic when ponding occurs, a feature which becomes pervasive when solving on large domains with realistic terrain. In this talk I discuss the various forms and regularizations of the DSW equation and highlight their effect on the solvability of the nonlinear system. In addition to this analysis, I present results of a numerical study which tests the applicability of a class of composable nonlinear algebraic solvers recently added to the Portable, Extensible, Toolkit for Scientific Computation (PETSc). JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Collier, Nathaniel AU - Knepley, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract T31E EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793205028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Nonlinear+solver+approaches+for+the+diffusive+wave+approximation+to+the+shallow+water+equations&rft.au=Collier%2C+Nathaniel%3BKnepley%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Collier&rft.aufirst=Nathaniel&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigating redox processes under diffusive and advective flow conditions using a coupled omics and synchrotron approach AN - 1777472614; 2016-028136 AB - Fe (super III) - and SO (sub 4) (super 2-) -reducing microorganisms and the mineral phases they produce have profound implications for many processes in aquatic and terrestrial systems. In addition, many of these microbially-catalysed geochemical transformations are highly dependent upon introduction of reactants via advective and diffusive hydrological transport. We have characterized microbial communities from a set of static microcosms to test the effect of ethanol diffusion and sulfate concentration on UVI-contaminated sediment. The spatial distribution, valence states, and speciation of both U and Fe were monitored in situ throughout the experiment by synchrotron x-ray absorption spectroscopy, in parallel with solution measurements of pH and the concentrations of sulfate, ethanol, and organic acids. After reaction initiation, a approximately 1-cm thick layer of sediment near the sediment-water (S-W) interface became visibly dark. Fe XANES spectra of the layer were consistent with the formation of FeS. Over the 4 year duration of the experiment, U L (sub III) -edge XANES indicated reduction of U, first in the dark layer and then throughout the sediment. Next, the microcosms were disassembled and samples were taken from the overlying water and different sediment regions. We extracted DNA and characterized the microbial community by sequencing 16S rRNA gene amplicons with the Illumina MiSeq platform and found that the community evolved from its originally homogeneous composition, becoming significantly spatially heterogeneous. We have also developed an x-ray accessible column to probe elemental transformations as they occur along the flow path in a porous medium with the purpose of refining reactive transport models (RTMs) that describe coupled physical and biogeochemical processes in environmental systems. The elemental distribution dynamics and the RTMs of the redox driven processes within them will be presented. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kemner, Ken M AU - Boyanov, Maxim AU - Flynn, Theodore M AU - O'Loughlin, Edward J AU - Antonopoulos, Dionysios A AU - Kelly, Shelly D AU - Skinner, Kelly AU - Mishra, Bhoopesh AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Watson, David B AU - Wu, Wei-Min AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B21C EP - 0459 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777472614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Investigating+redox+processes+under+diffusive+and+advective+flow+conditions+using+a+coupled+omics+and+synchrotron+approach&rft.au=Kemner%2C+Ken+M%3BBoyanov%2C+Maxim%3BFlynn%2C+Theodore+M%3BO%27Loughlin%2C+Edward+J%3BAntonopoulos%2C+Dionysios+A%3BKelly%2C+Shelly+D%3BSkinner%2C+Kelly%3BMishra%2C+Bhoopesh%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BWu%2C+Wei-Min%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kemner&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field observations and numerical modeling of the thermal effects of groundwater flow through a Subarctic fen AN - 1777469620; 2016-028197 AB - Field observations and numerical modeling of ground temperatures are the main tools for understanding current and projecting future permafrost changes in the rapidly warming Arctic. Traditionally, most studies have focused on vertical fluxes of heat through the ground. Groundwater can transport heat in both lateral and vertical directions but its influence on ground temperatures at local scales in permafrost environments is not well understood. In this study field observations from a subarctic fen located within the sporadic permafrost zone are combined with numerical simulations for investigating coupled water and thermal fluxes. Ground temperature profiles and groundwater levels were observed in boreholes at the Tavvavuoma study site in northern Sweden. Based on these observations, one- and two-dimensional simulations down to 2 m depth across a gradient of permafrost conditions both within and surrounding the fen, were set up. To quantify the influence of groundwater flows on the ground temperature, two-dimensional scenarios representing the fen under various groundwater fluxes were developed. The observations suggest that lateral groundwater flows significantly affect ground temperatures. This is corroborated by modeling results that show seasonal ground ice melts 1 month earlier when a lateral groundwater flux is present. Further, although the thermal regime may be dominated by vertically conducted heat fluxes during most of the year, isolated high groundwater flow events can be potentially important for ground temperatures. Sporadic permafrost environments contain substantial portions of unfrozen ground, often with active groundwater flow paths such as fens. Knowledge of this heat transport mechanism is therefore important for understanding permafrost dynamics in these environments. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Sjoberg, Ylva AU - Coon, Ethan AU - Sannel, Britta AU - Pannetier, Romain AU - Harp, Dylan R AU - Frampton, Andrew AU - Painter, Scott L AU - Lyon, Steve W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract GC23J EP - 1225 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777469620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Field+observations+and+numerical+modeling+of+the+thermal+effects+of+groundwater+flow+through+a+Subarctic+fen&rft.au=Sjoberg%2C+Ylva%3BCoon%2C+Ethan%3BSannel%2C+Britta%3BPannetier%2C+Romain%3BHarp%2C+Dylan+R%3BFrampton%2C+Andrew%3BPainter%2C+Scott+L%3BLyon%2C+Steve+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sjoberg&rft.aufirst=Ylva&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical drivers of organic matter decomposition in arctic tundra soils AN - 1762369670; PQ0002514685 AB - Climate change is warming tundra ecosystems in the Arctic, resulting in the decomposition of previously-frozen soil organic matter (SOM) and release of carbon (C) to the atmosphere; however, the processes that control SOM decomposition and C emissions remain highly uncertain. In this study, we evaluate geochemical factors that influence microbial production of carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) and methane (CH sub(4)) in the seasonally-thawed active layer of interstitial polygonal tundra near Barrow, Alaska. We report spatial and seasonal patterns of dissolved gases in relation to the geochemical properties of Fe and organic C in soil and soil solution, as determined using spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. The chemical composition of soil water collected during the annual thaw season varied significantly with depth. Soil water in the middle of the active layer contained abundant Fe(III), and aromatic-C and low-molecular-weight organic acids derived from SOM decomposition. At these depths, CH sub(4) was positively correlated with the ratio of Fe(III) to total Fe in waterlogged transitional and low-centered polygons but negatively correlated in the drier flat- and high-centered polygons. These observations contradict the expectation that CH sub(4) would be uniformly low where Fe(III) was high due to inhibition of methanogenesis by Fe(III)-reduction reactions. Our results suggest that vertically-stratified Fe redox reactions influence respiration/fermentation of SOM and production of substrates (e.g., low-molecular-weight organic acids) for methanogenesis, but that these effects vary with soil moisture. We infer that geochemical differences induced by water saturation dictate microbial products of SOM decomposition, and Fe geochemistry is an important factor regulating methanogenesis in anoxic tundra soils. JF - Biogeochemistry AU - Herndon, Elizabeth M AU - Yang, Ziming AU - Bargar, John AU - Janot, Noemie AU - Regier, Tom Z AU - Graham, David E AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Liang, Liyuan AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6036, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, eherndo1@kent.edu Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 397 EP - 414 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 126 IS - 3 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Fermentation KW - Organic acids KW - Climatic changes KW - Soil Water KW - Decomposition KW - Soil KW - Tundra KW - Soils KW - Arctic KW - Seasonal variations KW - PNW, USA, Alaska, Barrow KW - organic acids KW - Gases KW - Microorganisms KW - Soil moisture KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Iron KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Biodegradation KW - Degradation KW - Respiration KW - Atmosphere KW - Methanogenesis KW - Carbon KW - Methane KW - Organic Acids KW - Organic matter KW - Decomposing Organic Matter KW - Geochemistry KW - Soils (organic) KW - Polar environments KW - PN, Arctic KW - Soil depth KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1762369670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry&rft.atitle=Geochemical+drivers+of+organic+matter+decomposition+in+arctic+tundra+soils&rft.au=Herndon%2C+Elizabeth+M%3BYang%2C+Ziming%3BBargar%2C+John%3BJanot%2C+Noemie%3BRegier%2C+Tom+Z%3BGraham%2C+David+E%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan&rft.aulast=Herndon&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=397&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10533-015-0165-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 73 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biodegradation; Degradation; Organic acids; Organic matter; Geochemistry; Soils; Carbon dioxide; Iron; Methanogenesis; Methane; Fermentation; Respiration; Climatic changes; Soils (organic); Atmosphere; Decomposition; organic acids; Carbon; Gases; Tundra; Soil moisture; Seasonal variations; Polar environments; Soil; Soil depth; Organic Acids; Decomposing Organic Matter; Microorganisms; Soil Water; Arctic; Carbon Dioxide; PN, Arctic; PNW, USA, Alaska, Barrow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0165-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicological challenges to microbial bioethanol production and strategies for improved tolerance AN - 1751229231; PQ0002369189 AB - Bioethanol production output has increased steadily over the last two decades and is now beginning to become competitive with traditional liquid transportation fuels due to advances in engineering, the identification of new production host organisms, and the development of novel biodesign strategies. A significant portion of these efforts has been dedicated to mitigating the toxicological challenges encountered across the bioethanol production process. From the release of potentially cytotoxic or inhibitory compounds from input feedstocks, through the metabolic co-synthesis of ethanol and potentially detrimental byproducts, and to the potential cytotoxicity of ethanol itself, each stage of bioethanol production requires the application of genetic or engineering controls that ensure the host organisms remain healthy and productive to meet the necessary economies required for large scale production. In addition, as production levels continue to increase, there is an escalating focus on the detoxification of the resulting waste streams to minimize their environmental impact. This review will present the major toxicological challenges encountered throughout each stage of the bioethanol production process and the commonly employed strategies for reducing or eliminating potential toxic effects. JF - Ecotoxicology AU - Akinosho, Hannah AU - Rydzak, Thomas AU - Borole, Abhijeet AU - Ragauskas, Arthur AU - Close, Dan AD - Renewable BioProducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA, closedm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 2156 EP - 2174 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 24 IS - 10 SN - 0963-9292, 0963-9292 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Detoxification KW - Mitigation KW - Tolerance KW - Fuels KW - Byproducts KW - Drug tolerance KW - Streams KW - Toxicity tolerance KW - Engineering KW - Transportation KW - Ecotoxicology KW - Economics KW - Fuel KW - Ethanol KW - Environmental impact KW - Wastes KW - Toxicity KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Reviews KW - Biofuels KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - X 24500:Reviews, Legislation, Book & Conference Notices KW - D 04070:Pollution KW - W 30940:Products KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1751229231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicological+challenges+to+microbial+bioethanol+production+and+strategies+for+improved+tolerance&rft.au=Akinosho%2C+Hannah%3BRydzak%2C+Thomas%3BBorole%2C+Abhijeet%3BRagauskas%2C+Arthur%3BClose%2C+Dan&rft.aulast=Akinosho&rft.aufirst=Hannah&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2156&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=09639292&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10646-015-1543-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 143 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tolerance; Cytotoxicity; Ecotoxicology; Fuels; Byproducts; Wastes; Environmental impact; Toxicity tolerance; Streams; Detoxification; Drug tolerance; Biofuels; Ethanol; Mitigation; Transportation; Reviews; Economics; Toxicity; Engineering; Water Pollution Effects; Fuel DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-015-1543-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Degradation of Trichloroethene with a Novel Ball Milled Fe-C Nanocomposite AN - 1751220453; PQ0002345944 AB - Nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) is effective in reductively degrading dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs), such as trichloroethene (TCE), in groundwater (i.e., dechlorination) although the NZVI technology itself still suffers from high material costs and inability to target hydrophobic contaminants in source zones. To address these problems, we developed a novel, inexpensive iron-carbon (Fe-C) nanocomposite material by simultaneously milling micron-size iron and activated carbon powder. Microscopic and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization of the composite material revealed that nanoparticles of Fe were dispersed in activated carbon and a new iron carbide phase was formed. Bench-scale studies showed that this material instantaneously sorbed >90% of TCE from aqueous solutions and subsequently decomposed TCE into non-chlorinated products. Compared to milled Fe, Fe-C nanocomposite dechlorinated TCE at a slightly slower rate and favored the production of ethene over other TCE degradation products such as C3 --C6 compounds. When placed in hexane-water mixture, the Fe-C nanocomposite materials are preferentially partitioned into the organic phase, indicating the ability of the composite materials to target DNAPL during remediation. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Gao, Jie AU - Wang, Wei AU - Rondinone, Adam J AU - He, Feng AU - Liang, Liyuan AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 443 EP - 450 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 300 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Activated carbon KW - ball mill KW - dechlorination KW - groundwater remediation KW - zero-valent iron nanoparticles KW - Dechlorination KW - Powder KW - composite materials KW - ethene KW - Hydrophobicity KW - Carbon (activated) KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Ground water KW - Trichloroethylene KW - Contaminants KW - nanoparticles KW - Iron KW - Degradation products KW - X 24360:Metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1751220453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Degradation+of+Trichloroethene+with+a+Novel+Ball+Milled+Fe-C+Nanocomposite&rft.au=Gao%2C+Jie%3BWang%2C+Wei%3BRondinone%2C+Adam+J%3BHe%2C+Feng%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Jie&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=300&rft.issue=&rft.spage=443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2015.07.038 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Powder; Dechlorination; composite materials; ethene; Hydrophobicity; Carbon (activated); X-ray diffraction; Ground water; Trichloroethylene; Contaminants; Iron; nanoparticles; Degradation products DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.07.038 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioenergy and Biodiversity: Key Lessons from the Pan American Region AN - 1735918398; PQ0002271645 AB - Understanding how large-scale bioenergy production can affect biodiversity and ecosystems is important if society is to meet current and future sustainable development goals. A variety of bioenergy production systems have been established within different contexts throughout the Pan American region, with wide-ranging results in terms of documented and projected effects on biodiversity and ecosystems. The Pan American region is home to the majority of commercial bioenergy production and therefore the region offers a broad set of experiences and insights on both conflicts and opportunities for biodiversity and bioenergy. This paper synthesizes lessons learned focusing on experiences in Canada, the United States, and Brazil regarding the conflicts that can arise between bioenergy production and ecological conservation, and benefits that can be derived when bioenergy policies promote planning and more sustainable land-management systems. We propose a research agenda to address priority information gaps that are relevant to biodiversity concerns and related policy challenges in the Pan American region. JF - Environmental Management AU - Kline, Keith L AU - Martinelli, Fernanda Silva AU - Mayer, Audrey L AU - Medeiros, Rodrigo AU - Oliveira, Camila Ortolan F AU - Sparovek, Gerd AU - Walter, Arnaldo AU - Venier, Lisa A AD - Center for BioEnergy Sustainability, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, 37831, TN, USA, almayer@mtu.edu Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 1377 EP - 1396 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 56 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Ecosystems KW - Biological diversity KW - Biodiversity KW - Sustainable development KW - ANW, Canada KW - USA KW - Currents KW - ASW, Brazil KW - Priorities KW - Conservation KW - Conflicts KW - Biofuels KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1735918398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Bioenergy+and+Biodiversity%3A+Key+Lessons+from+the+Pan+American+Region&rft.au=Kline%2C+Keith+L%3BMartinelli%2C+Fernanda+Silva%3BMayer%2C+Audrey+L%3BMedeiros%2C+Rodrigo%3BOliveira%2C+Camila+Ortolan+F%3BSparovek%2C+Gerd%3BWalter%2C+Arnaldo%3BVenier%2C+Lisa+A&rft.aulast=Kline&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-015-0559-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 176 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sustainable development; Conservation; Biodiversity; Currents; Ecosystems; Priorities; Biological diversity; Conflicts; Biofuels; USA; ASW, Brazil; ANW, Canada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-015-0559-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atomic-Level Sculpting of Crystalline Oxides: Toward Bulk Nanofabrication with Single Atomic Plane Precision. AN - 1760863554; 26478983 AB - The atomic-level sculpting of 3D crystalline oxide nanostructures from metastable amorphous films in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) is demonstrated. Strontium titanate nanostructures grow epitaxially from the crystalline substrate following the beam path. This method can be used for fabricating crystalline structures as small as 1-2 nm and the process can be observed in situ with atomic resolution. The fabrication of arbitrary shape structures via control of the position and scan speed of the electron beam is further demonstrated. Combined with broad availability of the atomic resolved electron microscopy platforms, these observations suggest the feasibility of large scale implementation of bulk atomic-level fabrication as a new enabling tool of nanoscience and technology, providing a bottom-up, atomic-level complement to 3D printing. JF - Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) AU - Jesse, Stephen AU - He, Qian AU - Lupini, Andrew R AU - Leonard, Donovan N AU - Oxley, Mark P AU - Ovchinnikov, Oleg AU - Unocic, Raymond R AU - Tselev, Alexander AU - Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel AU - Sumpter, Bobby G AU - Pennycook, Stephen J AU - Kalinin, Sergei V AU - Borisevich, Albina Y AD - Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. ; The Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. ; Materials Sciences and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA. ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore. Y1 - 2015/11/25/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Nov 25 SP - 5895 EP - 5900 VL - 11 IS - 44 KW - complex oxides KW - microscopy KW - atomic-level sculpting KW - epitaxy KW - electron beam KW - patterning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1760863554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Small+%28Weinheim+an+der+Bergstrasse%2C+Germany%29&rft.atitle=Atomic-Level+Sculpting+of+Crystalline+Oxides%3A+Toward+Bulk+Nanofabrication+with+Single+Atomic+Plane+Precision.&rft.au=Jesse%2C+Stephen%3BHe%2C+Qian%3BLupini%2C+Andrew+R%3BLeonard%2C+Donovan+N%3BOxley%2C+Mark+P%3BOvchinnikov%2C+Oleg%3BUnocic%2C+Raymond+R%3BTselev%2C+Alexander%3BFuentes-Cabrera%2C+Miguel%3BSumpter%2C+Bobby+G%3BPennycook%2C+Stephen+J%3BKalinin%2C+Sergei+V%3BBorisevich%2C+Albina+Y&rft.aulast=Jesse&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2015-11-25&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=44&rft.spage=5895&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Small+%28Weinheim+an+der+Bergstrasse%2C+Germany%29&rft.issn=1613-6829&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fsmll.201502048 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-05-17 N1 - Date created - 2016-01-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201502048 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct Measurement of Optical Force Induced by Near-Field Plasmonic Cavity Using Dynamic Mode AFM. AN - 1735909581; 26586455 AB - Plasmonic nanostructures have attracted much attention in recent years because of their potential applications in optical manipulation through near-field enhancement. Continuing experimental efforts have been made to develop accurate techniques to directly measure the near-field optical force induced by the plasmonic nanostructures in the visible frequency range. In this work, we report a new application of dynamic mode atomic force microscopy (DM-AFM) in the measurement of the enhanced optical force acting on a nano-structured plasmonic resonant cavity. The plasmonic cavity is made of an upper gold-coated glass sphere and a lower quartz substrate patterned with an array of subwavelength gold disks. In the near-field when the sphere is positioned close to the disk array, plasmonic resonance is excited in the cavity and the induced force by a 1550 nm infrared laser is found to be increased by an order of magnitude compared with the photon pressure generated by the same laser light. The experiment demonstrates that DM-AFM is a powerful tool for the study of light induced forces and their enhancement in plasmonic nanostructures. JF - Scientific reports AU - Guan, Dongshi AU - Hang, Zhi Hong AU - Marcet, Zsolt AU - Liu, Hui AU - Kravchenko, I I AU - Chan, C T AU - Chan, H B AU - Tong, Penger AD - Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. ; College of Physics, Optoelectronics, and Energy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. ; National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China. ; Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA. Y1 - 2015/11/20/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Nov 20 SP - 16216 VL - 5 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1735909581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Direct+Measurement+of+Optical+Force+Induced+by+Near-Field+Plasmonic+Cavity+Using+Dynamic+Mode+AFM.&rft.au=Guan%2C+Dongshi%3BHang%2C+Zhi+Hong%3BMarcet%2C+Zsolt%3BLiu%2C+Hui%3BKravchenko%2C+I+I%3BChan%2C+C+T%3BChan%2C+H+B%3BTong%2C+Penger&rft.aulast=Guan&rft.aufirst=Dongshi&rft.date=2015-11-20&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=16216&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep16216 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-04-25 N1 - Date created - 2015-11-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Opt Express. 2009 Dec 21;17(26):23975-85 [20052108] Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2009 Dec;80(6 Pt 1):061604 [20365178] Opt Express. 2010 Dec 6;18(25):25665-76 [21164913] Phys Rev Lett. 2010 Dec 31;105(26):268302 [21231718] Nat Commun. 2013;4:1768 [23612309] Chem Rev. 2014 Mar 26;114(6):3087-119 [24443844] Nat Methods. 2006 May;3(5):347-55 [16628204] Phys Rev Lett. 2006 Jun 16;96(23):238101 [16803408] Nat Nanotechnol. 2007 Feb;2(2):114-20 [18654230] Nature. 2009 Jan 8;457(7226):170-3 [19129843] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep16216 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heteroepitaxial Cu2O thin film solar cell on metallic substrates. AN - 1731782408; 26541499 AB - Heteroepitaxial, single-crystal-like Cu2O films on inexpensive, flexible, metallic substrates can potentially be used as absorber layers for fabrication of low-cost, high-performance, non-toxic, earth-abundant solar cells. Here, we report epitaxial growth of Cu2O films on low cost, flexible, textured metallic substrates. Cu2O films were deposited on the metallic templates via pulsed laser deposition under various processing conditions to study the influence of processing parameters on the structural and electronic properties of the films. It is found that pure, epitaxial Cu2O phase without any trace of CuO phase is only formed in a limited deposition window of P(O2) - temperature. The (00l) single-oriented, highly textured, Cu2O films deposited under optimum P(O2) - temperature conditions exhibit excellent electronic properties with carrier mobility in the range of 40-60 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) and carrier concentration over 10(16) cm(-3). The power conversion efficiency of 1.65% is demonstrated from a proof-of-concept Cu2O solar cell based on epitaxial Cu2O film prepared on the textured metal substrate. JF - Scientific reports AU - Wee, Sung Hun AU - Huang, Po-Shun AU - Lee, Jung-Kun AU - Goyal, Amit AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. ; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15261, USA. Y1 - 2015/11/06/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Nov 06 SP - 16272 VL - 5 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731782408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Heteroepitaxial+Cu2O+thin+film+solar+cell+on+metallic+substrates.&rft.au=Wee%2C+Sung+Hun%3BHuang%2C+Po-Shun%3BLee%2C+Jung-Kun%3BGoyal%2C+Amit&rft.aulast=Wee&rft.aufirst=Sung&rft.date=2015-11-06&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=16272&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep16272 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-04-20 N1 - Date created - 2015-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Mar 15;43(6):2072-7 [19368216] ACS Nano. 2011 May 24;5(5):3736-43 [21486071] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep16272 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A study of suppressed formation of low-conductivity phases in doped Li7La3Zr2O12 garnets by in situ neutron diffraction AN - 1811889117; PQ0003517236 AB - Doped Li7La3Zr2O12 garnets, oxide-based solids with good Li+ conductivity and compatibility, show great potential as leading electrolyte material candidates for all-solid-state lithium ion batteries. However, the conductive bulk usually suffers from the presence of secondary phases and the transition towards a low-conductivity tetragonal phase during synthesis. Dopants are designed to stabilize the high-conductive cubic phase and suppress the formation of the low-conductivity phases. In situ neutron diffraction enables a direct observation of the doping effects by monitoring the phase evolutions during garnet synthesis. It reveals the reaction mechanism involving the temporary presence of intermediate phases. The off-stoichiometry due to the liquid Li2CO3 evaporation leads to the residual of the low-conductivity intermediate phase in the as-synthesized bulk. Appropriate doping of an active element may alter the component of the intermediate phases and promote the completion of the reaction. While the dopants aid to stabilize most of the cubic phase, a small amount of tetragonal phase tends to form under a diffusion process. The in situ observations provide the guideline of process optimization to suppress the formation of unwanted low-conductivity phases. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Chen, Yan AU - Rangasamy, Ezhiylmurugan AU - dela Cruz, Clarina R AU - Liang, Chengdu AU - An, Ke AD - Chemical and Engineering Materials Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 22868 EP - 22876 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 3 IS - 45 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - Evaporation KW - Energy KW - Guidelines KW - Diffusion KW - Lithium KW - Sustainability KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811889117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=A+study+of+suppressed+formation+of+low-conductivity+phases+in+doped+Li7La3Zr2O12+garnets+by+in+situ+neutron+diffraction&rft.au=Chen%2C+Yan%3BRangasamy%2C+Ezhiylmurugan%3Bdela+Cruz%2C+Clarina+R%3BLiang%2C+Chengdu%3BAn%2C+Ke&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Yan&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=45&rft.spage=22868&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5ta04902d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electrolytes; Batteries; Evaporation; Energy; Guidelines; Diffusion; Sustainability; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta04902d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A POM-organic framework anode for Li-ion battery AN - 1811879883; PQ0003517257 AB - Rechargeable Li-ion batteries (LIBs) are currently the dominant power source for portable electronic devices and electric vehicles, and for small-scale stationary energy storage. However, one bottleneck of the anode materials for LIBs is the poor cycling performance caused by the fact that the anodes cannot maintain their integrity over several charge-discharge cycles. In this work, we demonstrate an approach to improving the cycling performance of lithium-ion battery anodes by constructing an extended 3D network of flexible redox active polyoxometalate (POM) clusters with redox active organic linkers, herein described as POMOF. This architecture enables the accommodation of large volume changes during cycling at relatively high current rates. For example, the POMOF anode exhibits a high reversible capacity of 540 mA h g-1 after 360 cycles at a current rate of 0.25C and a long cycle life at a current rate of 1.25C (>500 cycles). JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Yue, Yanfeng AU - Li, Yunchao AU - Bi, Zhonghe AU - Veith, Gabriel M AU - Bridges, Craig A AU - Guo, Bingkun AU - Chen, Jihua AU - Mullins, David R AU - Surwade, Sumedh P AU - Mahurin, Shannon M AU - Liu, Hongjun AU - Paranthaman, MParans AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Chemical Sciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; Tennessee 37831; USA Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 22989 EP - 22995 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 3 IS - 45 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Storage KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Sustainability KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811879883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=A+POM-organic+framework+anode+for+Li-ion+battery&rft.au=Yue%2C+Yanfeng%3BLi%2C+Yunchao%3BBi%2C+Zhonghe%3BVeith%2C+Gabriel+M%3BBridges%2C+Craig+A%3BGuo%2C+Bingkun%3BChen%2C+Jihua%3BMullins%2C+David+R%3BSurwade%2C+Sumedh+P%3BMahurin%2C+Shannon+M%3BLiu%2C+Hongjun%3BParanthaman%2C+MParans%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Yue&rft.aufirst=Yanfeng&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=45&rft.spage=22989&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5ta06785e LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Batteries; Energy; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta06785e ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pathways and transformations of dissolved methane and dissolved inorganic carbon in Arctic tundra watersheds; evidence from analysis of stable isotopes AN - 1797535087; 2016-050700 AB - Arctic soils contain a large pool of terrestrial C and are of interest due to their potential for releasing significant carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) and methane (CH (sub 4) ) to the atmosphere. Due to substantial landscape heterogeneity, predicting ecosystem-scale CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) production is challenging. This study assessed dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC = Sigma (total) dissolved CO (sub 2) ) and CH (sub 4) in watershed drainages in Barrow, Alaska as critical convergent zones of regional geochemistry, substrates, and nutrients. In July and September of 2013, surface waters and saturated subsurface pore waters were collected from 17 drainages. Based on simultaneous DIC and CH (sub 4) cycling, we synthesized isotopic and geochemical methods to develop a subsurface CH (sub 4) and DIC balance by estimating mechanisms of CH (sub 4) and DIC production and transport pathways and oxidation of subsurface CH (sub 4) . We observed a shift from acetoclastic (July) toward hydrogenotropic (September) methanogenesis at sites located toward the end of major freshwater drainages, adjacent to salty estuarine waters, suggesting an interesting landscape-scale effect on CH (sub 4) production mechanism. The majority of subsurface CH (sub 4) was transported upward by plant-mediated transport and ebullition, predominantly bypassing the potential for CH (sub 4) oxidation. Thus, surprisingly, CH (sub 4) oxidation only consumed approximately 2.51 + or - 0.82% (July) and 0.79 + or - 0.79% (September) of CH (sub 4) produced at the frost table, contributing to <0.1% of DIC production. DIC was primarily produced from respiration, with iron and organic matter serving as likely e- acceptors. This work highlights the importance of spatial and temporal variability of CH (sub 4) production at the watershed scale and suggests broad scale investigations are required to build better regional or pan-Arctic representations of CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) production. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Throckmorton, Heather M AU - Heikoop, Jeffrey M AU - Newman, Brent D AU - Altmann, Garrett L AU - Conrad, Mark S AU - Muss, Jordan D AU - Perkins, George B AU - Smith, Lydia J AU - Torn, Margaret S AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Wilson, Cathy J Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 1893 EP - 1910 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 29 IS - 11 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - methane KW - isotopes KW - tundra KW - isotope ratios KW - Arctic region KW - C-13/C-12 KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - watersheds KW - solutes KW - alkanes KW - stable isotopes KW - geochemical cycle KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - carbon KW - hydrocarbons KW - Alaska KW - carbon cycle KW - transformations KW - pore water KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797535087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Pathways+and+transformations+of+dissolved+methane+and+dissolved+inorganic+carbon+in+Arctic+tundra+watersheds%3B+evidence+from+analysis+of+stable+isotopes&rft.au=Throckmorton%2C+Heather+M%3BHeikoop%2C+Jeffrey+M%3BNewman%2C+Brent+D%3BAltmann%2C+Garrett+L%3BConrad%2C+Mark+S%3BMuss%2C+Jordan+D%3BPerkins%2C+George+B%3BSmith%2C+Lydia+J%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BWilson%2C+Cathy+J&rft.aulast=Throckmorton&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1893&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014GB005044 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 79 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Arctic region; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon cycle; geochemical cycle; hydrocarbons; hydrology; isotope ratios; isotopes; methane; organic compounds; pore water; soils; solutes; stable isotopes; transformations; transport; tundra; United States; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GB005044 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pathways of anaerobic organic matter decomposition in tundra soils from Barrow, Alaska AN - 1780516336; PQ0002824329 AB - Arctic tundra soils store a large quantity of organic carbon that is susceptible to decomposition and release to the atmosphere as methane (CH sub(4)) and carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) under a warming climate. Anaerobic processes that generate CH sub(4) and CO sub(2) remain unclear because previous studies have focused on aerobic decomposition pathways. To predict releases of CO sub(2) and CH sub(4) from tundra soils, it is necessary to identify pathways of soil organic matter decomposition under the anoxic conditions that are prevalent in Arctic ecosystems. Here molecular and spectroscopic techniques were used to monitor biological degradation of water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC) during anoxic incubation of tundra soils from a region of continuous permafrost in northern Alaska. Organic and mineral soils from the tundra active layer were incubated at -2, +4, or +8 degree C for up to 60days to mimic the short-term thaw season. Results suggest that, under anoxic conditions, fermentation converted complex organic molecules into simple organic acids that were used in concomitant Fe-reduction and acetoclastic methanogenesis reactions. Nonaromatic compounds increased over time as WEOC increased. Organic acid metabolites initially accumulated in soils but were mostly depleted by day 60 because organic acids were consumed to produce Fe(II), CO sub(2), and CH sub(4). We conclude that fermentation of nonprotected organic matter facilitates methanogenesis and Fe reduction reactions, and that the proportion of organic acids consumed by methanogenesis increases relative to Fe reduction with increasing temperature. The decomposition pathways observed in this study are important to consider in numerical modeling of greenhouse gas production in the Arctic. Key Points * We evaluated low-temperature, anoxic decomposition of tundra soil organic matter * Fermentation supplied substrates for concomitant Fe reduction and methanogenesis * Identified pathways are important for predicting C emissions from Arctic soils JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. G. Biogeosciences AU - Herndon, Elizabeth M AU - Mann, Benjamin F AU - Roy Chowdhury, Taniya AU - Yang, Ziming AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Graham, David AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Gu, Baohua AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 2345 EP - 2359 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 120 IS - 11 SN - 2169-8953, 2169-8953 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Anaerobic Conditions KW - Biodegradation KW - Degradation KW - Organic acids KW - Fermentation KW - Permafrost KW - Metabolites KW - Decomposition KW - Atmosphere KW - Methanogenesis KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Tundra KW - Soils KW - Anoxic Conditions KW - Temperature effects KW - PNW, USA, Alaska, Barrow KW - Methane KW - Organic Acids KW - Organic Carbon KW - Organic matter KW - Climate KW - Soils (organic) KW - Soil Organic Matter KW - Greenhouses KW - PN, Arctic KW - organic acids KW - Gas production KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Minerals KW - Iron KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780516336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Pathways+of+anaerobic+organic+matter+decomposition+in+tundra+soils+from+Barrow%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Herndon%2C+Elizabeth+M%3BMann%2C+Benjamin+F%3BRoy+Chowdhury%2C+Taniya%3BYang%2C+Ziming%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BGraham%2C+David%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BGu%2C+Baohua&rft.aulast=Herndon&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.issn=21698953&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JG003147 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biodegradation; Degradation; Fermentation; Organic acids; Organic matter; Soils; Carbon dioxide; Iron; Methanogenesis; Temperature effects; Methane; Climate; Permafrost; Soils (organic); Metabolites; Atmosphere; Decomposition; Greenhouses; Soil; organic acids; Carbon; Gas production; Tundra; Minerals; Anaerobic Conditions; Organic Acids; Organic Carbon; Anoxic Conditions; Soil Organic Matter; Carbon Dioxide; PN, Arctic; PNW, USA, Alaska, Barrow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JG003147 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DFNWorks; a discrete fracture network framework for modeling subsurface flow and transport AN - 1734265627; 2015-109871 AB - dfnWorks is a parallelized computational suite to generate three-dimensional discrete fracture networks (DFN) and simulate flow and transport. Developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory over the past five years, it has been used to study flow and transport in fractured media at scales ranging from millimeters to kilometers. The networks are created and meshed using dfnGen, which combines fram (the feature rejection algorithm for meshing) methodology to stochastically generate three-dimensional DFNs with the LaGriT meshing toolbox to create a high-quality computational mesh representation. The representation produces a conforming Delaunay triangulation suitable for high performance computing finite volume solvers in an intrinsically parallel fashion. Flow through the network is simulated in dfnFlow, which utilizes the massively parallel subsurface flow and reactive transport finite volume code pflotran. A Lagrangian approach to simulating transport through the DFN is adopted within dfnTrans to determine pathlines and solute transport through the DFN. Example applications of this suite in the areas of nuclear waste repository science, hydraulic fracturing and CO (sub 2) sequestration are also included. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Hyman, Jeffrey D AU - Karra, Satish AU - Makedonska, Nataliia AU - Gable, Carl W AU - Painter, Scott L AU - Viswanathan, Hari S Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 10 EP - 19 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 84 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - solute transport KW - hazardous waste KW - fractured materials KW - isotopes KW - data processing KW - fluid phase KW - Europe KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - carbon dioxide KW - fractures KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - movement KW - algorithms KW - systems KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - carbon sequestration KW - Western Europe KW - DFNWorks model KW - pollutants KW - structural analysis KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - fluid flow KW - porous materials KW - Forsmark Sweden KW - models KW - Scandinavia KW - physical properties KW - reservoir properties KW - waste disposal KW - Sweden KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1734265627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=DFNWorks%3B+a+discrete+fracture+network+framework+for+modeling+subsurface+flow+and+transport&rft.au=Hyman%2C+Jeffrey+D%3BKarra%2C+Satish%3BMakedonska%2C+Nataliia%3BGable%2C+Carl+W%3BPainter%2C+Scott+L%3BViswanathan%2C+Hari+S&rft.aulast=Hyman&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2015.08.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - CODEN - GGEOD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; data processing; DFNWorks model; Europe; fluid flow; fluid phase; Forsmark Sweden; fractured materials; fractures; hazardous waste; hydraulic fracturing; isotopes; models; movement; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; Scandinavia; solute transport; solutes; structural analysis; Sweden; systems; transport; waste disposal; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2015.08.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constraining Data Mining with Physical Models: Voltage- and Oxygen Pressure-Dependent Transport in Multiferroic Nanostructures. AN - 1722419054; 26312554 AB - Development of new generation electronic devices necessitates understanding and controlling the electronic transport in ferroic, magnetic, and optical materials, which is hampered by two factors. First, the complications of working at the nanoscale, where interfaces, grain boundaries, defects, and so forth, dictate the macroscopic characteristics. Second, the convolution of the response signals stemming from the fact that several physical processes may be activated simultaneously. Here, we present a method of solving these challenges via a combination of atomic force microscopy and data mining analysis techniques. Rational selection of the latter allows application of physical constraints and enables direct interpretation of the statistically significant behaviors in the framework of the chosen physical model, thus distilling physical meaning out of raw data. We demonstrate our approach with an example of deconvolution of complex transport behavior in a bismuth ferrite-cobalt ferrite nanocomposite in ambient and ultrahigh vacuum environments. Measured signal is apportioned into four electronic transport patterns, showing different dependence on partial oxygen and water vapor pressure. These patterns are described in terms of Ohmic conductance and Schottky emission models in the light of surface electrochemistry. Furthermore, deep data analysis allows extraction of local dopant concentrations and barrier heights empowering our understanding of the underlying dynamic mechanisms of resistive switching. JF - Nano letters AU - Strelcov, Evgheni AU - Belianinov, Alexei AU - Hsieh, Ying-Hui AU - Chu, Ying-Hao AU - Kalinin, Sergei V AD - Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan. Y1 - 2015/10/14/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Oct 14 SP - 6650 EP - 6657 VL - 15 IS - 10 KW - Bismuth ferrite KW - Bayesian linear unmixing KW - FORC-IV KW - multivariate analysis KW - oxide heterostructures KW - cobalt ferrite UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722419054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nano+letters&rft.atitle=Constraining+Data+Mining+with+Physical+Models%3A+Voltage-+and+Oxygen+Pressure-Dependent+Transport+in+Multiferroic+Nanostructures.&rft.au=Strelcov%2C+Evgheni%3BBelianinov%2C+Alexei%3BHsieh%2C+Ying-Hui%3BChu%2C+Ying-Hao%3BKalinin%2C+Sergei+V&rft.aulast=Strelcov&rft.aufirst=Evgheni&rft.date=2015-10-14&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=6650&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nano+letters&rft.issn=1530-6992&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.nanolett.5b02472 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-02-17 N1 - Date created - 2015-10-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02472 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Residential micro-hub load model using neural network AN - 1837301175; PQ0002401053 AB - This paper presents the modeling of a residential micro-hub load based on real measurements and simulation data obtained using the Energy Hub Management System (EHMS) model of a residential load. A neural network (NN) is used to estimate the load model as a function of time, temperature, peak demand, and energy price. Different NN training approaches are compared to determine the best function to be used, based on the available data. Also, the number of hidden layer neurons are varied to obtain the best fit for the NN model. The results show that the proposed NN model is able to properly represent the behavior of an actual residential micro-hub. JF - IEEE Conferences AU - Sharma, Isha AU - Canizares, Claudio AU - Bhattacharya, Kankar AD - Energy and Environmental Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA 37831 Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 345 E. 47th St. NY NY 10017-2394 USA KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Data processing KW - Conferences KW - Neural networks KW - Energy KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1837301175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Conferences&rft.atitle=Residential+micro-hub+load+model+using+neural+network&rft.au=Sharma%2C+Isha%3BCanizares%2C+Claudio%3BBhattacharya%2C+Kankar&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Isha&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+Conferences&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FNAPS.2015.7335091 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Data processing; Conferences; Neural networks; Energy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2015.7335091 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particle tracking approach for transport in three-dimensional discrete fracture networks; particle tracking in 3-D DFNs AN - 1824215296; 2016-084521 AB - The discrete fracture network (DFN) model is a method to mimic discrete pathways for fluid flow through a fractured low-permeable rock mass, and may be combined with particle tracking simulations to address solute transport. However, experience has shown that it is challenging to obtain accurate transport results in three-dimensional DFNs because of the high computational burden and difficulty in constructing a high-quality unstructured computational mesh on simulated fractures. We present a new particle tracking capability, which is adapted to control volume (Voronoi polygons) flow solutions on unstructured grids (Delaunay triangulations) on three-dimensional DFNs. The locally mass-conserving finite-volume approach eliminates mass balance-related problems during particle tracking. The scalar fluxes calculated for each control volume face by the flow solver are used to reconstruct a Darcy velocity at each control volume centroid. The groundwater velocities can then be continuously interpolated to any point in the domain of interest. The control volumes at fracture intersections are split into four pieces, and the velocity is reconstructed independently on each piece, which results in multiple groundwater velocities at the intersection, one for each fracture on each side of the intersection line. This technique enables detailed particle transport representation through a complex DFN structure. Verified for small DFNs, the new simulation capability enables numerical experiments on advective transport in large DFNs to be performed. We demonstrate this particle transport approach on a DFN model using parameters similar to those of crystalline rock at a proposed geologic repository for spent nuclear fuel in Forsmark, Sweden. Copyright 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland and Springer International Publishing Switzerland (outside the USA) 2015 JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Makedonska, Nataliia AU - Painter, Scott L AU - Bui, Quan M AU - Gable, Carl W AU - Karra, Satish Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 1123 EP - 1137 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 5 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 KW - solute transport KW - Western Europe KW - three-dimensional models KW - Darcy's law KW - discrete fracture network KW - mathematical models KW - Europe KW - advection KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - Forsmark Sweden KW - models KW - case studies KW - particle tracking KW - fractures KW - Scandinavia KW - Uppsala Sweden KW - transport KW - naturally fractured reservoirs KW - mathematical methods KW - hydrodynamics KW - Sweden KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Particle+tracking+approach+for+transport+in+three-dimensional+discrete+fracture+networks%3B+particle+tracking+in+3-D+DFNs&rft.au=Makedonska%2C+Nataliia%3BPainter%2C+Scott+L%3BBui%2C+Quan+M%3BGable%2C+Carl+W%3BKarra%2C+Satish&rft.aulast=Makedonska&rft.aufirst=Nataliia&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-015-9525-4 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; case studies; Darcy's law; discrete fracture network; Europe; Forsmark Sweden; fractures; ground water; hydrodynamics; mathematical methods; mathematical models; models; naturally fractured reservoirs; particle tracking; Scandinavia; simulation; solute transport; Sweden; three-dimensional models; transport; Uppsala Sweden; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-015-9525-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maximum likelihood Bayesian model averaging and its predictive analysis for groundwater reactive transport models AN - 1780802039; 2016-032366 AB - While Bayesian model averaging (BMA) has been widely used in groundwater modeling, it is infrequently applied to groundwater reactive transport modeling because of multiple sources of uncertainty in the coupled hydrogeochemical processes and because of the long execution time of each model run. To resolve these problems, this study analyzed different levels of uncertainty in a hierarchical way, and used the maximum likelihood version of BMA, i.e., MLBMA, to improve the computational efficiency. This study demonstrates the applicability of MLBMA to groundwater reactive transport modeling in a synthetic case in which twenty-seven reactive transport models were designed to predict the reactive transport of hexavalent uranium (U(VI)) based on observations at a former uranium mill site near Naturita, CO. These reactive transport models contain three uncertain model components, i.e., parameterization of hydraulic conductivity, configuration of model boundary, and surface complexation reactions that simulate U(VI) adsorption. These uncertain model components were aggregated into the alternative models by integrating a hierarchical structure into MLBMA. The modeling results of the individual models and MLBMA were analyzed to investigate their predictive performance. The predictive logscore results show that MLBMA generally outperforms the best model, suggesting that using MLBMA is a sound strategy to achieve more robust model predictions relative to a single model. MLBMA works best when the alternative models are structurally distinct and have diverse model predictions. When correlation in model structure exists, two strategies were used to improve predictive performance by retaining structurally distinct models or assigning smaller prior model probabilities to correlated models. Since the synthetic models were designed using data from the Naturita site, the results of this study are expected to provide guidance for real-world modeling. Limitations of applying MLBMA to the synthetic study and future real-world modeling are discussed. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Lu, Dan AU - Ye, Ming AU - Curtis, Gary P Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 1859 EP - 1873 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 529 IS - Part 3 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - sorption KW - Bayesian analysis KW - data processing KW - Naturita Colorado KW - Montrose County Colorado KW - San Miguel River KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - reactivity KW - transport KW - probability KW - water pollution KW - acid mine drainage KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - correlation KW - models KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - uranium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Colorado KW - actinides KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780802039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Maximum+likelihood+Bayesian+model+averaging+and+its+predictive+analysis+for+groundwater+reactive+transport+models&rft.au=Lu%2C+Dan%3BYe%2C+Ming%3BCurtis%2C+Gary+P&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=529&rft.issue=Part+3&rft.spage=1859&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2015.07.029 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; actinides; Bayesian analysis; Colorado; correlation; data processing; environmental analysis; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; mathematical methods; metals; models; Montrose County Colorado; Naturita Colorado; pollutants; pollution; prediction; probability; reactivity; San Miguel River; solute transport; solutes; sorption; statistical analysis; transport; United States; uranium; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.07.029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial metaproteomics for characterizing the range of metabolic functions and activities of human gut microbiota AN - 1727682855; PQ0002168710 AB - The human gastrointestinal tract is a complex, dynamic ecosystem that consists of a carefully tuned balance of human host and microbiota membership. The microbiome is not merely a collection of opportunistic parasites, but rather provides important functions to the host that are absolutely critical to many aspects of health, including nutrient transformation and absorption, drug metabolism, pathogen defense, and immune system development. Microbial metaproteomics provides the ability to characterize the human gut microbiota functions and metabolic activities at a remarkably deep level, revealing information about microbiome development and stability as well as their interactions with their human host. Generally, microbial and human proteins can be extracted and then measured by high performance MS-based proteomics technology. Here, we review the field of human gut microbiome metaproteomics, with a focus on the experimental and informatics considerations involved in characterizing systems ranging from low-complexity model gut microbiota in gnotobiotic mice, to the emerging gut microbiome in the GI tract of newborn human infants, and finally to an established gut microbiota in human adults. JF - Proteomics AU - Xiong, Weili AU - Abraham, Paul E AU - Li, Zhou AU - Pan, Chongle AU - Hettich, Robert L AD - Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - Oct 2015 SP - 3424 EP - 3438 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 15 IS - 20 SN - 1615-9853, 1615-9853 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Transformation KW - Parasites KW - Informatics KW - Drug metabolism KW - Immune system KW - Animal models KW - Nutrients KW - Pathogens KW - Development KW - Digestive tract KW - Reviews KW - Gnotobiotics KW - Neonates KW - proteomics KW - Gastrointestinal tract KW - Infants KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1727682855?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics&rft.atitle=Microbial+metaproteomics+for+characterizing+the+range+of+metabolic+functions+and+activities+of+human+gut+microbiota&rft.au=Xiong%2C+Weili%3BAbraham%2C+Paul+E%3BLi%2C+Zhou%3BPan%2C+Chongle%3BHettich%2C+Robert+L&rft.aulast=Xiong&rft.aufirst=Weili&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=3424&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics&rft.issn=16159853&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpmic.201400571 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transformation; Parasites; Informatics; Immune system; Drug metabolism; Animal models; Nutrients; Development; Pathogens; Digestive tract; Reviews; Gnotobiotics; Gastrointestinal tract; proteomics; Neonates; Infants DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201400571 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of antimicrobial peptide on the dynamics of phosphocholine membrane: role of cholesterol and physical state of bilayer. AN - 1705729082; 26212615 AB - Antimicrobial peptides are universal in all forms of life and are well known for their strong interaction with the cell membrane. This makes them a popular target for investigation of peptide-lipid interactions. Here we report the effect of melittin, an important antimicrobial peptide, on the dynamics of membranes based on 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) lipid in both the solid gel and fluid phases. To probe the phase transition, elastic neutron intensity temperature scans have been carried out on DMPC-based unilamellar vesicles (ULV) with and without melittin. We have found that addition of a small amount (0.2 mol%) melittin eliminates the steep fall in the elastic intensity at 296 K associated with the solid gel to fluid phase transition, which is observed for pure DMPC vesicles. Quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) experiments have been carried out on DMPC ULV in the solid gel and fluid phases with and without 0.2 mol% melittin. The data analysis invariably shows the presence of lateral and internal motions of the DMPC molecule. We found that melittin does have a profound effect on the dynamics of lipid molecules, especially on the lateral motion, and affects it in a different way, depending on the phase of the bilayers. In the solid gel phase, it acts as a plasticizer, enhancing the lateral motion of DMPC. However, in the fluid phase it acts as a stiffening agent, restricting the lateral motion of the lipid molecules. These observations are consistent with the mean squared displacements extracted from the elastic intensity temperature scans. Their importance lies in the fact that many membrane processes, including signaling and energy transduction pathways, are controlled to a great extent by the lateral diffusion of lipids in the membrane. To investigate the effect of melittin on vesicles supplemented with cholesterol, QENS experiments have also been carried out on DMPC ULV with cholesterol in the presence and absence of 0.2 mol% melittin. Remarkably, the effects of melittin on the membrane dynamics disappear in the presence of 20 mol% cholesterol. Our measurements indicate that the destabilizing effect of the peptide melittin on membranes can be mitigated by the presence of cholesterol. This study might provide new insights into the mechanism of action of antimicrobial peptides and their selective toxicity towards foreign microorganisms. JF - Soft matter AU - Sharma, V K AU - Mamontov, E AU - Anunciado, D B AU - O'Neill, H AU - Urban, V S AD - Biology and Soft Matter Division, Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. sharmavk@ornl.gov sharmavk@barc.gov.in. Y1 - 2015/09/14/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Sep 14 SP - 6755 EP - 6767 VL - 11 IS - 34 KW - Lipid Bilayers KW - 0 KW - Unilamellar Liposomes KW - Melitten KW - 20449-79-0 KW - Cholesterol KW - 97C5T2UQ7J KW - Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine KW - U86ZGC74V5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Unilamellar Liposomes -- chemistry KW - Temperature KW - Unilamellar Liposomes -- metabolism KW - Cholesterol -- metabolism KW - Cell Membrane -- drug effects KW - Cell Membrane -- chemistry KW - Lipid Bilayers -- chemistry KW - Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine -- metabolism KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Melitten -- pharmacology KW - Melitten -- metabolism KW - Lipid Bilayers -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705729082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soft+matter&rft.atitle=Effect+of+antimicrobial+peptide+on+the+dynamics+of+phosphocholine+membrane%3A+role+of+cholesterol+and+physical+state+of+bilayer.&rft.au=Sharma%2C+V+K%3BMamontov%2C+E%3BAnunciado%2C+D+B%3BO%27Neill%2C+H%3BUrban%2C+V+S&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2015-09-14&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=34&rft.spage=6755&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soft+matter&rft.issn=1744-6848&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5sm01562f LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-07-06 N1 - Date created - 2015-08-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sm01562f ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in northern Gulf of Mexico sediment bacterial and archaeal communities exposed to hypoxia AN - 1828845022; 2016-087672 AB - Biogeochemical changes in marine sediments during coastal water hypoxia are well described, but less is known about underlying changes in microbial communities. Bacterial and archaeal communities in Louisiana continental shelf (LCS) hypoxic zone sediments were characterized by pyrosequencing 16S rRNA V4-region gene fragments obtained by PCR amplification of community genomic DNA with bacterial- or archaeal-specific primers. Duplicate LCS sediment cores collected during hypoxia had higher concentrations of Fe(II), and dissolved inorganic carbon, phosphate, and ammonium than cores collected when overlying water oxygen concentrations were normal. Pyrosequencing yielded 158 686 bacterial and 225 591 archaeal sequences from 20 sediment samples, representing five 2-cm depth intervals in the duplicate cores. Bacterial communities grouped by sampling date and sediment depth in a neighbor-joining analysis using Chao-Jaccard shared species values. Redundancy analysis indicated that variance in bacterial communities was mainly associated with differences in sediment chemistry between oxic and hypoxic water column conditions. Gammaproteobacteria (26.5%) were most prominent among bacterial sequences, followed by Firmicutes (9.6%), and Alphaproteobacteria (5.6%). Crenarchaeotal, thaumarchaeotal, and euryarchaeotal lineages accounted for 57%, 27%, and 16% of archaeal sequences, respectively. In Thaumarchaeota Marine Group I, sequences were 96-99% identical to the Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM1 sequence, were highest in surficial sediments, and accounted for 31% of archaeal sequences when waters were normoxic vs. 13% of archaeal sequences when waters were hypoxic. Redundancy analysis showed Nitrosopumilus-related sequence abundance was correlated with high solid-phase Fe(III) concentrations, whereas most of the remaining archaeal clusters were not. In contrast, crenarchaeotal sequences were from phylogenetically diverse lineages, differed little in relative abundance between sampling times, and increased to high relative abundance with sediment depth. These results provide further evidence that marine sediment microbial community composition can be structured according to sediment chemistry and suggest the expansion of hypoxia in coastal waters may alter sediment microbial communities involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Geobiology AU - Devereux, R AU - Mosher, J J AU - Vishnivetskaya, T A AU - Brown, S D AU - Beddick, D L, Jr AU - Yates, D F AU - Palumbo, A V Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 478 EP - 493 PB - Wiley, Oxford VL - 13 IS - 5 SN - 1472-4677, 1472-4677 KW - United States KW - communities KW - Archaea KW - principal components analysis KW - living taxa KW - phylogeny KW - statistical analysis KW - floral list KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - marine sediments KW - nucleic acids KW - floral studies KW - marine environment KW - bacteria KW - shelf environment KW - sediments KW - DNA KW - dysaerobic environment KW - Louisiana KW - North Atlantic KW - chemical composition KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828845022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geobiology&rft.atitle=Changes+in+northern+Gulf+of+Mexico+sediment+bacterial+and+archaeal+communities+exposed+to+hypoxia&rft.au=Devereux%2C+R%3BMosher%2C+J+J%3BVishnivetskaya%2C+T+A%3BBrown%2C+S+D%3BBeddick%2C+D+L%2C+Jr%3BYates%2C+D+F%3BPalumbo%2C+A+V&rft.aulast=Devereux&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=478&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geobiology&rft.issn=14724677&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgbi.12142 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=1472-4677 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Archaea; Atlantic Ocean; bacteria; chemical composition; communities; DNA; dysaerobic environment; floral list; floral studies; Gulf of Mexico; living taxa; Louisiana; marine environment; marine sediments; North Atlantic; nucleic acids; phylogeny; principal components analysis; sediments; shelf environment; statistical analysis; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12142 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of injection mode on transport properties in kilometer-scale three-dimensional discrete fracture networks AN - 1797538405; 2016-053102 AB - We investigate how the choice of injection mode impacts transport properties in kilometer-scale three-dimensional discrete fracture networks (DFN). The choice of injection mode, resident and flux-weighted, is designed to mimic different physical phenomena. It has been hypothesized that solute plumes injected under resident conditions evolve to behave similarly to solutes injected under flux-weighted conditions. Previously, computational limitations have prohibited the large-scale simulations required to investigate this hypothesis. We investigate this hypothesis by using a high-performance DFN suite, dfnWorks, to simulate flow in kilometer-scale three-dimensional DFNs based on fractured granite at the Forsmark site in Sweden, and adopt a Lagrangian approach to simulate transport therein. Results show that after traveling through a pre-equilibrium region, both injection methods exhibit linear scaling of the first moment of travel time and power law scaling of the breakthrough curve with similar exponents, slightly larger than 2. The physical mechanisms behind this evolution appear to be the combination of in-network channeling of mass into larger fractures, which offer reduced resistance to flow, and in-fracture channeling, which results from the topology of the DFN. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Hyman, J D AU - Painter, S L AU - Viswanathan, H AU - Makedonska, N AU - Karra, S AU - Montanari, Alberto AU - Bahr, Jean AU - Bloeschl, Guenter AU - Cai, Ximing AU - Mackay, D Scott AU - Michalak, Anna M AU - Rajaram, Harihar AU - Sander, Graham Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 7289 EP - 7308 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 51 IS - 9 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - networks KW - Western Europe KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - waste disposal sites KW - mathematical models KW - Europe KW - equations KW - fracturing KW - discrete fracture networks KW - radioactive waste KW - Forsmark Sweden KW - fractures KW - Scandinavia KW - fluid injection KW - Uppsala Sweden KW - transport KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - Sweden KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797538405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Influence+of+injection+mode+on+transport+properties+in+kilometer-scale+three-dimensional+discrete+fracture+networks&rft.au=Hyman%2C+J+D%3BPainter%2C+S+L%3BViswanathan%2C+H%3BMakedonska%2C+N%3BKarra%2C+S%3BMontanari%2C+Alberto%3BBahr%2C+Jean%3BBloeschl%2C+Guenter%3BCai%2C+Ximing%3BMackay%2C+D+Scott%3BMichalak%2C+Anna+M%3BRajaram%2C+Harihar%3BSander%2C+Graham&rft.aulast=Hyman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=7289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR017151 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - discrete fracture networks; equations; Europe; fluid injection; Forsmark Sweden; fractures; fracturing; mathematical models; networks; numerical models; radioactive waste; Scandinavia; solute transport; Sweden; three-dimensional models; transport; underground disposal; Uppsala Sweden; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017151 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disentangling climatic and anthropogenic controls on global terrestrial evapotranspiration trends AN - 1776664232; PQ0002757441 AB - We examined natural and anthropogenic controls on terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) changes from 1982 to 2010 using multiple estimates from remote sensing-based datasets and process-oriented land surface models. A significant increasing trend of ET in each hemisphere was consistently revealed by observationally-constrained data and multi-model ensembles that considered historic natural and anthropogenic drivers. The climate impacts were simulated to determine the spatiotemporal variations in ET. Globally, rising CO sub(2) ranked second in these models after the predominant climatic influences, and yielded decreasing trends in canopy transpiration and ET, especially for tropical forests and high-latitude shrub land. Increasing nitrogen deposition slightly amplified global ET via enhanced plant growth. Land-use-induced ET responses, albeit with substantial uncertainties across the factorial analysis, were minor globally, but pronounced locally, particularly over regions with intensive land-cover changes. Our study highlights the importance of employing multi-stream ET and ET-component estimates to quantify the strengthening anthropogenic fingerprint in the global hydrologic cycle. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Mao, Jiafu AU - Fu, Wenting AU - Shi, Xiaoying AU - Ricciuto, Daniel M AU - Fisher, Joshua B AU - Dickinson, Robert E AU - Wei, Yaxing AU - Shem, Willis AU - Piao, Shilong AU - Wang, Kaicun AD - Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, maoj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 10 IS - 9 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Shrubs KW - Historical account KW - Climate models KW - Climate KW - Environmental impact KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Environmental research KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - Land use KW - Tropical forests KW - Nitrogen deposition KW - Forest canopy KW - Evapotranspiration trends KW - Plant growth KW - Canopies KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Nitrogen KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776664232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Disentangling+climatic+and+anthropogenic+controls+on+global+terrestrial+evapotranspiration+trends&rft.au=Mao%2C+Jiafu%3BFu%2C+Wenting%3BShi%2C+Xiaoying%3BRicciuto%2C+Daniel+M%3BFisher%2C+Joshua+B%3BDickinson%2C+Robert+E%3BWei%2C+Yaxing%3BShem%2C+Willis%3BPiao%2C+Shilong%3BWang%2C+Kaicun&rft.aulast=Mao&rft.aufirst=Jiafu&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F10%2F9%2F094008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tropical forests; Forest canopy; Nitrogen deposition; Climate models; Evapotranspiration trends; Evapotranspiration; Environmental research; Hydrologic cycle; Shrubs; Historical account; Climate; Anthropogenic factors; Environmental impact; Land use; Plant growth; Canopies; Carbon dioxide; Nitrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ag out-surface diffusion in crystalline SiC with an effective SiO sub(2) diffusion barrier AN - 1765966329; PQ0002503674 AB - For applications of tristructural isotropic (TRISO) fuel particles in high temperature reactors, release of radioactive Ag isotope ( super(110m)Ag) through the SiC coating layer is a safety concern. To understand the diffusion mechanism, Ag ion implantations near the surface and in the bulk were performed by utilizing different ion energies and energy-degrader foils. High temperature annealing was carried out on the as-irradiated samples to study the possible out-surface diffusion. Before and after annealing, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) measurements were employed to obtain the elemental profiles of the implanted samples. The results suggest little migration of buried Ag in the bulk, and an out-diffusion of the implanted Ag in the near-surface region of single crystal SiC. It is also found that a SiO sub(2) layer, which was formed during annealing, may serve as an effective barrier to reduce or prevent Ag out diffusion through the SiC coating layer. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Xue, H AU - Xiao, H Y AU - Zhu, Z AU - Shutthanandan, V AU - Snead, L L AU - Boatner, L A AU - Weber, W J AU - Zhang, Y AD - Department of Materials Science Sr Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA, Zhangyl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 294 EP - 298 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 464 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Isotopes KW - Fuels KW - Safety KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Particulates KW - Migration KW - Spectrometry KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Energy KW - High temperature KW - Radioactive materials KW - Diffusion KW - Coatings KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765966329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Ag+out-surface+diffusion+in+crystalline+SiC+with+an+effective+SiO+sub%282%29+diffusion+barrier&rft.au=Xue%2C+H%3BXiao%2C+H+Y%3BZhu%2C+Z%3BShutthanandan%2C+V%3BSnead%2C+L+L%3BBoatner%2C+L+A%3BWeber%2C+W+J%3BZhang%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Xue&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=464&rft.issue=&rft.spage=294&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2015.05.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Isotopes; Fuels; Safety; Mass spectrometry; Particulates; Migration; Spectrometry; Nuclear reactors; High temperature; Energy; Radioactive materials; Diffusion; Coatings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.05.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lignin Structural Alterations in Thermochemical Pretreatments with Limited Delignification AN - 1722180837; PQ0002073325 AB - Lignocellulosic biomass has a complex and rigid cell wall structure that makes biomass recalcitrant to biological and chemical degradation. Among the three major structural biopolymers (i.e., cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) in plant cell walls, lignin is considered the most recalcitrant component and generally plays a negative role in the biochemical conversion of biomass to biofuels. The conversion of biomass to biofuels through a biochemical platform usually requires a pretreatment stage to reduce the recalcitrance. Pretreatment renders compositional and structural changes of biomass with these changes ultimately governing the efficiency of the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. Dilute acid, hot water, steam explosion, and ammonia fiber expansion pretreatments are among the leading thermochemical pretreatments with a limited delignification that can reduce biomass recalcitrance. Practical applications of these pretreatment are rapidly developing as illustrated by recent commercial scale cellulosic ethanol plants. While these thermochemical pretreatments generally lead to only a limited delignification and no significant change of lignin content in the pretreated biomass, the lignin transformations that occur during these pretreatments and the roles they play in recalcitrance reduction are important research aspects. This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of lignin alterations during these limited delignification thermochemical pretreatments, with emphasis on lignin chemical structures, molecular weights, and redistributions in the pretreated biomass. JF - BioEnergy Research AU - Pu, Yunqiao AU - Hu, Fan AU - Huang, Fang AU - Ragauskas, Arthur J AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, aragausk@utk.edu PY - 2015 SP - 992 EP - 1003 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1939-1234, 1939-1234 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fuel technology KW - Biochemistry KW - Ammonia KW - Cellulose KW - Biopolymers KW - Biomass KW - Hydrolysis KW - Explosions KW - Fibers KW - Reviews KW - Biofuels KW - Ethanol KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722180837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEnergy+Research&rft.atitle=Lignin+Structural+Alterations+in+Thermochemical+Pretreatments+with+Limited+Delignification&rft.au=Pu%2C+Yunqiao%3BHu%2C+Fan%3BHuang%2C+Fang%3BRagauskas%2C+Arthur+J&rft.aulast=Pu&rft.aufirst=Yunqiao&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=992&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEnergy+Research&rft.issn=19391234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12155-015-9655-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 117 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fibers; Fuel technology; Biochemistry; Ammonia; Reviews; Cellulose; Biopolymers; Biomass; Hydrolysis; Explosions; Biofuels; Ethanol DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-015-9655-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impact of biotechnological advances on the future of US bioenergy AN - 1722179194; PQ0002017164 AB - Modern biotechnology has the potential to substantially advance the feasibility, structure, and efficiency of future biofuel supply chains. Advances might be direct or indirect. A direct advance would be improving the efficiency of biochemical conversion processes and feedstock production. Direct advances in processing may involve developing improved enzymes and bacteria to convert lignocellulosic feedstocks to ethanol. Progress in feedstock production could include enhancing crop yields via genetic modification or the selection of specific natural variants and breeds. Other direct results of biotechnology might increase the production of fungible biofuels and bioproducts, which would impact the supply chain. Indirect advances might include modifications to dedicated bioenergy crops that enable them to grow on marginal lands rather than land needed for food production. This study assesses the feasibility and advantages of near-future (10-year) biotechnological developments for a US biomass-based supply chain for bioenergy production. We assume a simplified supply chain of feedstock, logistics and land use, conversion, and products and utilization. The primary focus is how likely developments in feedstock production and conversion technologies will impact bioenergy and biofuels in the USA; a secondary focus is other innovative uses of biotechnologies in the energy arenas. The assessment addresses near-term biofuels based on starch, sugar, and cellulosic feedstocks and considers some longer-term options, such as oil-crop and algal technologies. JF - Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining AU - Davison, Brian H AU - Brandt, Craig C AU - Guss, Adam M AU - Kalluri, Udaya C AU - Palumbo, Antony V AU - Stouder, Richard L AU - Webb, Erin G AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Biosciences and Environmental Sciences Divisions, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. PY - 2015 SP - 454 EP - 467 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 9 IS - 5 SN - 1932-104X, 1932-104X KW - Environment Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - Fuel technology KW - Biochemistry KW - Food KW - Refining KW - Starch KW - Crops KW - Innovations KW - Ethanol KW - Algae KW - Sugar KW - Crop yield KW - Enzymes KW - Land use KW - USA KW - Energy KW - Biotechnology KW - Biofuels KW - Food production KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722179194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+biotechnological+advances+on+the+future+of+US+bioenergy&rft.au=Davison%2C+Brian+H%3BBrandt%2C+Craig+C%3BGuss%2C+Adam+M%3BKalluri%2C+Udaya+C%3BPalumbo%2C+Antony+V%3BStouder%2C+Richard+L%3BWebb%2C+Erin+G&rft.aulast=Davison&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=454&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.issn=1932104X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbbb.1549 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Food; Energy; Enzymes; Refining; Starch; Land use; Crops; Biofuels; Algae; Ethanol; Feasibility studies; Fuel technology; Biochemistry; Crop yield; Biotechnology; Innovations; Technology; Food production; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1549 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fermentation of Dilute Acid Pretreated Populus by Clostridium thermocellum, Caldicellulosiruptor bescii, and Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis AN - 1722176975; PQ0002073339 AB - Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP), which merges enzyme production, biomass hydrolysis, and fermentation into a single step, has the potential to become an efficient and economic strategy for the bioconversion of lignocellulosic feedstocks to transportation fuels or chemicals. In this study, we evaluated wild-type Clostridium thermocellum, Caldicellulosiruptor bescii, and Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis, three thermophilic, cellulolytic, mixed-acid fermenting candidate CBP microorganisms, for their fermentation capabilities using dilute acid pretreated Populus as a model biomass feedstock. Under pH-controlled anaerobic fermentation conditions, each candidate successfully digested a minimum of 75 % of the cellulose from dilute acid pretreated Populus, as indicated by an increase in planktonic cells and end-product metabolites and a concurrent decrease in glucan content. C. thermocellum, which employs a cellulosomal approach to biomass degradation, required approximately 50 h to achieve 75 % cellulose utilization. In contrast, the noncellulosomal, secreted hydrolytic enzyme system of the Caldicellulosiruptor sp. required about 100 h after a significant lag phase to achieve similar results. End-point fermentation conversions for C. thermocellum, C. bescii, and C. obsidiansis were determined to be 0.29, 0.34, and 0.38 g of total metabolites per gram of loaded glucan, respectively. These data provide a starting point for future strain engineering efforts that can serve to improve the biomass fermentation capabilities of these three promising candidate CBP platforms. JF - BioEnergy Research AU - Yee, Kelsey L AU - Rodriguez, Miguel AU - Hamilton, Choo Y AU - Hamilton-Brehm, Scott D AU - Thompson, Olivia A AU - Elkins, James G AU - Davison, Brian H AU - Mielenz, Jonathan R AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6341, USA, davisonbh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 1014 EP - 1021 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1939-1234, 1939-1234 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Lag phase KW - Biodegradation KW - Degradation KW - Populus KW - Fermentation KW - Fuels KW - Cellulose KW - Metabolites KW - planktonic cells KW - Transportation KW - bioconversion KW - Economics KW - Caldicellulosiruptor KW - glucans KW - Data processing KW - Cellulolytic microorganisms KW - Enzymes KW - Clostridium thermocellum KW - Biomass KW - Hydrolysis KW - Microorganisms KW - Biofuels KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - W 30940:Products KW - J 02330:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722176975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEnergy+Research&rft.atitle=Fermentation+of+Dilute+Acid+Pretreated+Populus+by+Clostridium+thermocellum%2C+Caldicellulosiruptor+bescii%2C+and+Caldicellulosiruptor+obsidiansis&rft.au=Yee%2C+Kelsey+L%3BRodriguez%2C+Miguel%3BHamilton%2C+Choo+Y%3BHamilton-Brehm%2C+Scott+D%3BThompson%2C+Olivia+A%3BElkins%2C+James+G%3BDavison%2C+Brian+H%3BMielenz%2C+Jonathan+R&rft.aulast=Yee&rft.aufirst=Kelsey&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1014&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEnergy+Research&rft.issn=19391234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12155-015-9659-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lag phase; Biodegradation; Data processing; Fermentation; Fuels; Cellulose; Cellulolytic microorganisms; Enzymes; Metabolites; Biomass; Hydrolysis; planktonic cells; Economics; bioconversion; glucans; Chemicals; Degradation; Transportation; Microorganisms; Biofuels; Populus; Caldicellulosiruptor; Clostridium thermocellum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-015-9659-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing Sub-Daily Flow Regimes: Implications of Hydrologic Resolution on Ecohydrology Studies AN - 1722167793; PQ0002016932 AB - Natural variability in flow is a primary factor controlling geomorphic and ecological processes in riverine ecosystems. Within the hydropower industry, there is growing pressure from environmental groups and natural resource managers to change reservoir releases from daily peaking to run-of-river operations on the basis of the assumption that downstream biological communities will improve under a more natural flow regime. In this paper, we discuss the importance of assessing sub-daily flows for understanding the physical and ecological dynamics within river systems. We present a variety of metrics for characterizing sub-daily flow variation and use these metrics to evaluate general trends among streams affected by peaking hydroelectric projects, run-of-river projects and streams that are largely unaffected by flow altering activities. Univariate and multivariate techniques were used to assess similarity among different stream types on the basis of these sub-daily metrics. For comparison, similar analyses were performed using analogous metrics calculated with mean daily flow values. Our results confirm that sub-daily flow metrics reveal variation among and within streams that are not captured by daily flow statistics. Using sub-daily flow statistics, we were able to quantify the degree of difference between unaltered and peaking streams and the amount of similarity between unaltered and run-of-river streams. The sub-daily statistics were largely uncorrelated with daily statistics of similar scope. On short temporal scales, sub-daily statistics reveal the relatively constant nature of unaltered stream reaches and the highly variable nature of hydropower-affected streams, whereas daily statistics show just the opposite over longer temporal scales. JF - River Research and Applications AU - Bevelhimer AU - McManamay, R A AU - O'Connor, B AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 867 EP - 879 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 1535-1459, 1535-1459 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Hydrological Regime KW - Reservoir KW - Variability KW - Statistics KW - Ecosystems KW - Climate change KW - Hydroelectric Plants KW - Freshwater KW - Streams KW - Natural Resources KW - Geomorphology KW - River Flow KW - Downstream KW - Pressure KW - Reservoirs KW - Rivers KW - Fluvial morphology KW - Hydroelectric power KW - River discharge KW - Reservoir Releases KW - Natural resources KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09123:Conservation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722167793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=River+Research+and+Applications&rft.atitle=Characterizing+Sub-Daily+Flow+Regimes%3A+Implications+of+Hydrologic+Resolution+on+Ecohydrology+Studies&rft.au=Bevelhimer%3BMcManamay%2C+R+A%3BO%27Connor%2C+B&rft.aulast=Bevelhimer&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=867&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=River+Research+and+Applications&rft.issn=15351459&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frra.2781 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fluvial morphology; Reservoir; Geomorphology; Natural resources; Climate change; River discharge; Streams; Rivers; Statistics; Pressure; Ecosystems; Hydroelectric power; Downstream; Reservoirs; Hydrological Regime; Variability; Natural Resources; Hydroelectric Plants; River Flow; Reservoir Releases; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.2781 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elimination of formate production in Clostridium thermocellum AN - 1712770432; PQ0001941091 AB - The ability of Clostridium thermocellum to rapidly degrade cellulose and ferment resulting hydrolysis products into ethanol makes it a promising platform organism for cellulosic biofuel production via consolidated bioprocessing. Currently, however, ethanol yield is far below theoretical maximum due to branched product pathways that divert carbon and electrons towards formate, H sub(2), lactate, acetate, and secreted amino acids. To redirect carbon and electron flux away from formate, genes encoding pyruvate:formate lyase (pflB) and PFL-activating enzyme (pflA) were deleted. Formate production in the resulting Delta pfl strain was eliminated and acetate production decreased by 50 % on both complex and defined medium. The growth rate of the Delta pfl strain decreased by 2.9-fold on defined medium and biphasic growth was observed on complex medium. Supplementation of defined medium with 2 mM formate restored Delta pfl growth rate to 80 % of the parent strain. The role of pfl in metabolic engineering strategies and C sub(1) metabolism is discussed. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology AU - Rydzak, Thomas AU - Lynd, Lee R AU - Guss, Adam M AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, gussam@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - Sep 2015 SP - 1263 EP - 1272 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 42 IS - 9 SN - 1367-5435, 1367-5435 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Growth rate KW - Amino acids KW - Cellulose KW - Enzymes KW - metabolic engineering KW - Clostridium thermocellum KW - Acetic acid KW - Hydrolysis KW - Supplementation KW - Carbon KW - Lactic acid KW - Biofuels KW - Ethanol KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - A 01310:Products of Microorganisms KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1712770432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Elimination+of+formate+production+in+Clostridium+thermocellum&rft.au=Rydzak%2C+Thomas%3BLynd%2C+Lee+R%3BGuss%2C+Adam+M&rft.aulast=Rydzak&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.issn=13675435&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10295-015-1644-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Amino acids; Carbon; Cellulose; Lactic acid; metabolic engineering; Enzymes; Hydrolysis; Acetic acid; Supplementation; Biofuels; Ethanol; Clostridium thermocellum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10295-015-1644-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rigidity of poly-L-glutamic acid scaffolds: Influence of secondary and supramolecular structure AN - 1705073131; PQ0001827599 AB - Poly-l-glutamic acid (PGA) is a widely used biomaterial, with applications ranging from drug delivery and biological glues to food products and as a tissue engineering scaffold. A biodegradable material with flexible conjugation functional groups, tunable secondary structure, and mechanical properties, PGA has potential as a tunable matrix material in mechanobiology. Recent studies in proteins connecting dynamics, nanometer length scale rigidity, and secondary structure suggest a new point of view from which to analyze and develop this promising material. We have characterized the structure, topology, and rigidity properties of PGA prepared with different molecular weights and secondary structures through various techniques including scanning electron microscopy, FTIR, light, and neutron scattering spectroscopy. On the length scale of a few nanometers, rigidity is determined by hydrogen bonding interactions in the presence of neutral species and by electrostatic interactions when the polypeptide is negatively charged. When probed over hundreds of nanometers, the rigidity of these materials is modified by long range intermolecular interactions that are introduced by the supramolecular structure. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 2909-2918, 2015. JF - Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, Part A AU - Nickels, Jonathan D AU - Perticaroli, Stefania AU - Ehlers, Georg AU - Feygenson, Mikhail AU - Sokolov, Alexei P AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831. Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - Sep 2015 SP - 2909 EP - 2918 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 103 IS - 9 SN - 1549-3296, 1549-3296 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Drug delivery KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - Food KW - Secondary structure KW - Electrostatic properties KW - Tissue engineering KW - Spectroscopy KW - Biodegradability KW - scaffolds KW - Protein structure KW - Neutron scattering KW - Hydrogen bonding KW - Molecular weight KW - Biomaterials KW - Adhesives KW - Mechanical properties KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705073131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research%2C+Part+A&rft.atitle=Rigidity+of+poly-L-glutamic+acid+scaffolds%3A+Influence+of+secondary+and+supramolecular+structure&rft.au=Nickels%2C+Jonathan+D%3BPerticaroli%2C+Stefania%3BEhlers%2C+Georg%3BFeygenson%2C+Mikhail%3BSokolov%2C+Alexei+P&rft.aulast=Nickels&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2909&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research%2C+Part+A&rft.issn=15493296&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjbm.a.35427 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Scanning electron microscopy; Drug delivery; Food; Secondary structure; Electrostatic properties; Spectroscopy; Tissue engineering; Biodegradability; scaffolds; Protein structure; Hydrogen bonding; Neutron scattering; Molecular weight; Biomaterials; Adhesives; Mechanical properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.35427 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evaluating the Effects of Diet and Trophic Structure on Mercury Accumulation in Fish Using a System Dynamics Modeling Approach T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731769313; 6359189 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Bevelhimer, Mark AU - Mathews, Teresa Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Diets KW - Trophic structure KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Mercury KW - Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731769313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+Effects+of+Diet+and+Trophic+Structure+on+Mercury+Accumulation+in+Fish+Using+a+System+Dynamics+Modeling+Approach&rft.au=Bevelhimer%2C+Mark%3BMathews%2C+Teresa&rft.aulast=Bevelhimer&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development of an Environmental Mitigation Database and Statistical Models for Predicting Likely FERC License Mitigation Requirements at Hydropower Projects T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731767778; 6359210 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - DeRolph, Chris AU - Bevelhimer, Mark AU - Schramm, Michael Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Databases KW - Mitigation KW - Mathematical models KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Statistical analysis KW - Environment management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731767778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Development+of+an+Environmental+Mitigation+Database+and+Statistical+Models+for+Predicting+Likely+FERC+License+Mitigation+Requirements+at+Hydropower+Projects&rft.au=DeRolph%2C+Chris%3BBevelhimer%2C+Mark%3BSchramm%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=DeRolph&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Validating Hydrologic Classifications Schemes for the Contiguous US Using Functional and Taxonomic Composition of Stream Fish Communities T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731765404; 6360285 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - McManamay, Ryan AU - Troia, Matthew Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Classification KW - Stream KW - Taxonomy KW - Fish KW - Streams UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731765404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Validating+Hydrologic+Classifications+Schemes+for+the+Contiguous+US+Using+Functional+and+Taxonomic+Composition+of+Stream+Fish+Communities&rft.au=McManamay%2C+Ryan%3BTroia%2C+Matthew&rft.aulast=McManamay&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Relating Fish Health and Reproductive Metrics to Metal Bioaccumulation at the Tennessee Valley Authority Kingston Coal Ash Spill Site T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731761557; 6360164 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Pracheil, Brenda AU - Bevelhimer, Mark AU - Mathews, Teresa AU - Peterson, Mark AU - Greeley, Mark AU - Murphy, Cheryl AU - Fortner, Allison Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Heavy metals KW - Ash KW - Fish KW - Coal KW - Valleys UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731761557?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Relating+Fish+Health+and+Reproductive+Metrics+to+Metal+Bioaccumulation+at+the+Tennessee+Valley+Authority+Kingston+Coal+Ash+Spill+Site&rft.au=Pracheil%2C+Brenda%3BBevelhimer%2C+Mark%3BMathews%2C+Teresa%3BPeterson%2C+Mark%3BGreeley%2C+Mark%3BMurphy%2C+Cheryl%3BFortner%2C+Allison&rft.aulast=Pracheil&rft.aufirst=Brenda&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ capping for size control of monochalcogenide (ZnS, CdS and SnS) nanocrystals produced by anaerobic metal-reducing bacteria AN - 1727670210; PQ0002040036 AB - Metal monochalcogenide quantum dot nanocrystals of ZnS, CdS and SnS were prepared by anaerobic, metal-reducing bacteria using in situ capping by oleic acid or oleylamine. The capping agent preferentially adsorbs on the surface of the nanocrystal, suppressing the growth process in the early stages, thus leading to production of nanocrystals with a diameter of less than 5 nm. JF - Nanotechnology AU - Jang, Gyoung Gug AU - Jacobs, Christopher B AU - Ivanov, Ilia N AU - Joshi, Pooran C AU - Meyer, Harry M, III AU - Kidder, Michelle AU - Armstrong, Beth L AU - Datskos, Panos G AU - Graham, David E AU - Moon, Ji-Won AD - Energy and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, moonj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/08/14/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 14 SP - 1 EP - 5 PB - IOP Publishing VL - 26 IS - 32 SN - 0957-4484, 0957-4484 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - biosynthesis KW - nanocrystal KW - quantum dot KW - monochalcogenide KW - Bacteria KW - Metals KW - Crystals KW - Oleic acid KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1727670210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanotechnology&rft.atitle=In+situ+capping+for+size+control+of+monochalcogenide+%28ZnS%2C+CdS+and+SnS%29+nanocrystals+produced+by+anaerobic+metal-reducing+bacteria&rft.au=Jang%2C+Gyoung+Gug%3BJacobs%2C+Christopher+B%3BIvanov%2C+Ilia+N%3BJoshi%2C+Pooran+C%3BMeyer%2C+Harry+M%2C+III%3BKidder%2C+Michelle%3BArmstrong%2C+Beth+L%3BDatskos%2C+Panos+G%3BGraham%2C+David+E%3BMoon%2C+Ji-Won&rft.aulast=Jang&rft.aufirst=Gyoung&rft.date=2015-08-14&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=32&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanotechnology&rft.issn=09574484&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0957-4484%2F26%2F32%2F325602 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Crystals; Oleic acid; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/26/32/325602 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adhesion and Atomic Structures of Gold on Ceria Nanostructures: The Role of Surface Structure and Oxidation State of Ceria Supports. AN - 1703721651; 26222267 AB - We report an aberration-corrected electron microscopy analysis of the adhesion and atomic structures of gold nanoparticle catalysts supported on ceria nanocubes and nanorods. Under oxidative conditions, the as-prepared gold nanoparticles on the ceria nanocubes have extended atom layers at the metal-support interface. In contrast, regular gold nanoparticles and rafts are present on the ceria nanorod supports. Under the reducing conditions of water-gas shift reaction, the extended gold atom layers and rafts vanish. In addition, the gold particles on the nanocubes change in morphology and increase in size while those on the nanorods are almost unchanged. The size, morphology, and atomic interface structures of gold strongly depend on the surface structures of ceria supports ((100) surface versus (111) surface) and the reaction environment (reductive versus oxidative). These findings provide insights into the deactivation mechanisms and the shape-dependent catalysis of oxide supported metal catalysts. JF - Nano letters AU - Lin, Yuyuan AU - Wu, Zili AU - Wen, Jianguo AU - Ding, Kunlun AU - Yang, Xiaoyun AU - Poeppelmeier, Kenneth R AU - Marks, Laurence D AD - †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States. ; ‡Chemical Science Division and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. ; §Electron Microscopy Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States. ; ⊥Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States. ; ∥2112 Vincenzo Walkway, San Jose, California 95133, United States. Y1 - 2015/08/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 12 SP - 5375 EP - 5381 VL - 15 IS - 8 KW - Cerium KW - 30K4522N6T KW - ceric oxide KW - 619G5K328Y KW - Gold KW - 7440-57-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - aberration corrected STEM HAADF KW - catalysis KW - atomic structures KW - nanorods KW - adhesion KW - nanocube KW - ceria KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Nanotubes -- chemistry KW - Nanotubes -- ultrastructure KW - Catalysis KW - Nanostructures -- ultrastructure KW - Nanostructures -- chemistry KW - Cerium -- chemistry KW - Gold -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703721651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nano+letters&rft.atitle=Adhesion+and+Atomic+Structures+of+Gold+on+Ceria+Nanostructures%3A+The+Role+of+Surface+Structure+and+Oxidation+State+of+Ceria+Supports.&rft.au=Lin%2C+Yuyuan%3BWu%2C+Zili%3BWen%2C+Jianguo%3BDing%2C+Kunlun%3BYang%2C+Xiaoyun%3BPoeppelmeier%2C+Kenneth+R%3BMarks%2C+Laurence+D&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Yuyuan&rft.date=2015-08-12&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=5375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nano+letters&rft.issn=1530-6992&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.nanolett.5b02694 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-06-27 N1 - Date created - 2015-08-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02694 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Explaining the sources of variation in CMIP5 models by fitting reduced complexity models to their simulation outputs T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731770810; 6363593 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Hoffman, Forrest AU - Smith, Matthew AU - Todd-Brown, Katherine AU - Luo, Yiqi AU - Wang, Yingping Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Simulation KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731770810?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Explaining+the+sources+of+variation+in+CMIP5+models+by+fitting+reduced+complexity+models+to+their+simulation+outputs&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+Forrest%3BSmith%2C+Matthew%3BTodd-Brown%2C+Katherine%3BLuo%2C+Yiqi%3BWang%2C+Yingping&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Forrest&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Thirty-five years of ecological change after the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731769902; 6363280 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Dale, Virginia AU - Crisafulli, Charles Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - USA, Washington, Mount St. Helens KW - Eruptions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731769902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Thirty-five+years+of+ecological+change+after+the+1980+eruption+of+Mount+St.+Helens&rft.au=Dale%2C+Virginia%3BCrisafulli%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The role of the phosphorus cycle in tropical ecosystem responses to changes in atmospheric CO2 and climate T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731769197; 6362160 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Yang, Xiaojuan AU - Thornton, Peter AU - Ricciuto, Dan AU - Hoffman, Forrest AU - Norby, Richard Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Climatic changes KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Phosphorus cycle UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731769197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=The+role+of+the+phosphorus+cycle+in+tropical+ecosystem+responses+to+changes+in+atmospheric+CO2+and+climate&rft.au=Yang%2C+Xiaojuan%3BThornton%2C+Peter%3BRicciuto%2C+Dan%3BHoffman%2C+Forrest%3BNorby%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Xiaojuan&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Foliar phosphorus concentration exerts stronger control of photosynthesis than does nitrogen across diverse woody species in Panama T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731769182; 6362462 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Norby, Richard Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Panama KW - Photosynthesis KW - Phosphorus KW - Nitrogen UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731769182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Foliar+phosphorus+concentration+exerts+stronger+control+of+photosynthesis+than+does+nitrogen+across+diverse+woody+species+in+Panama&rft.au=Norby%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Tradeoffs in incorporating microbial function into soil organic carbon decomposition models T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731767113; 6362349 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Mayes, Melanie AU - Jiang, Jiang AU - Wang, Gangsheng AU - Classen, Aimee AU - Schadt, Chris AU - Hawkes, Christine AU - Keitt, Tim Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Soil KW - Biodegradation KW - Organic carbon KW - Soils (organic) KW - Decomposition KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731767113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Tradeoffs+in+incorporating+microbial+function+into+soil+organic+carbon+decomposition+models&rft.au=Mayes%2C+Melanie%3BJiang%2C+Jiang%3BWang%2C+Gangsheng%3BClassen%2C+Aimee%3BSchadt%2C+Chris%3BHawkes%2C+Christine%3BKeitt%2C+Tim&rft.aulast=Mayes&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A landscape design approach for assessing trade-offs and sustainability of woody biomass production from forests in the southeastern United States T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731766306; 6363310 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Kline, Keith AU - Dale, Virginia AU - Parish, Esther Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Resource management KW - Landscape KW - Forests KW - Biomass KW - USA, Southeast KW - Sustainability UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731766306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=A+landscape+design+approach+for+assessing+trade-offs+and+sustainability+of+woody+biomass+production+from+forests+in+the+southeastern+United+States&rft.au=Kline%2C+Keith%3BDale%2C+Virginia%3BParish%2C+Esther&rft.aulast=Kline&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Chronic and acute precipitation manipulations in eastern deciduous forests: Build wide, measure deep and be patient T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731765647; 6362948 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Hanson, Paul Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Deciduous forests KW - Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731765647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Chronic+and+acute+precipitation+manipulations+in+eastern+deciduous+forests%3A+Build+wide%2C+measure+deep+and+be+patient&rft.au=Hanson%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Tropical carbon cycle implications of multiple competing representations of Vcmax T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731765198; 6362192 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Walker, Anthony AU - Quaife, Tristan AU - van Bodegom, Peter AU - Beckerman, Andrew AU - Yang, Xiaojuan AU - Norby, Richard Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Energy flow KW - Carbon cycle UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731765198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Tropical+carbon+cycle+implications+of+multiple+competing+representations+of+Vcmax&rft.au=Walker%2C+Anthony%3BQuaife%2C+Tristan%3Bvan+Bodegom%2C+Peter%3BBeckerman%2C+Andrew%3BYang%2C+Xiaojuan%3BNorby%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Soil carbon and nitrogen mineralization with flexible soil and microbial C:N ratios T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731765117; 6362353 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Wang, Gangsheng AU - Thornton, Peter AU - Mayes, Melanie AU - Hoffman, Forrest Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Mineralization KW - Nitrogen UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731765117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Soil+carbon+and+nitrogen+mineralization+with+flexible+soil+and+microbial+C%3AN+ratios&rft.au=Wang%2C+Gangsheng%3BThornton%2C+Peter%3BMayes%2C+Melanie%3BHoffman%2C+Forrest&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Gangsheng&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Fine roots in models: The answer to life, the universe, and everything T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731764309; 6361455 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Iversen, Colleen AU - McCormack, M AU - Warren, Jeffrey AU - Trumbo, Jennifer AU - Powell, A AU - Wullschleger, Stan Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Roots KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731764309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Fine+roots+in+models%3A+The+answer+to+life%2C+the+universe%2C+and+everything&rft.au=Iversen%2C+Colleen%3BMcCormack%2C+M%3BWarren%2C+Jeffrey%3BTrumbo%2C+Jennifer%3BPowell%2C+A%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan&rft.aulast=Iversen&rft.aufirst=Colleen&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Meeting the challenges of delivering site specific weather data/drivers: The Daymet example T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731762809; 6362846 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Thornton, Michele AU - Wei, Yaxing AU - Devarakonda, Ranjeet AU - Cook, Robert AU - Vannan, Suresh AU - Thornton, Peter Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Weather KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731762809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Meeting+the+challenges+of+delivering+site+specific+weather+data%2Fdrivers%3A+The+Daymet+example&rft.au=Thornton%2C+Michele%3BWei%2C+Yaxing%3BDevarakonda%2C+Ranjeet%3BCook%2C+Robert%3BVannan%2C+Suresh%3BThornton%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Thornton&rft.aufirst=Michele&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Near-term Climate Predictions and Their Impacts on the Physiology of Temperate Crops T2 - 2015 Annual Conference of the American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS 2014) AN - 1704508231; 6354123 JF - 2015 Annual Conference of the American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS 2014) AU - King, Anthony AU - Absar, Syeda AU - Nair, Sujithkumar AU - Preston, Benjamin Y1 - 2015/08/04/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 04 KW - Climate prediction KW - Physiology KW - Crops UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1704508231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Horticultural+Science+%28ASHS+2014%29&rft.atitle=Near-term+Climate+Predictions+and+Their+Impacts+on+the+Physiology+of+Temperate+Crops&rft.au=King%2C+Anthony%3BAbsar%2C+Syeda%3BNair%2C+Sujithkumar%3BPreston%2C+Benjamin&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2015-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Horticultural+Science+%28ASHS+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://ashs.confex.com/ashs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volume averaging study of the capacitive deionization process in homogeneous porous media AN - 1780804403; 2016-033960 AB - Ion storage in porous electrodes is important in applications such as energy storage by supercapacitors, water purification by capacitive deionization, extraction of energy from a salinity difference and heavy ion purification. A model is presented to simulate the charge process in homogeneous porous media comprising big pores. It is based on a theory for capacitive charging by ideally polarizable porous electrodes without faradaic reactions or specific adsorption of ions. A volume averaging technique is used to derive the averaged transport equations in the limit of thin electrical double layers. Transport between the electrolyte solution and the charged wall is described using the Gouy-Chapman-Stern model. The effective transport parameters for isotropic porous media are calculated solving the corresponding closure problems. The source terms that appear in the average equations are calculated using numerical computations. An alternative way to deal with the source terms is proposed. Copyright 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Gabitto, Jorge AU - Tsouris, Costas Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 61 EP - 80 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 109 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - isotropic materials KW - solutions KW - engineering properties KW - fluid flow KW - deionization KW - porous materials KW - electrolytes KW - equations KW - adsorption KW - salinity KW - simulation KW - ions KW - reservoir rocks KW - models KW - transport KW - volume KW - homogeneous materials KW - storage KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780804403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Volume+averaging+study+of+the+capacitive+deionization+process+in+homogeneous+porous+media&rft.au=Gabitto%2C+Jorge%3BTsouris%2C+Costas&rft.aulast=Gabitto&rft.aufirst=Jorge&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-015-0502-0 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; deionization; electrolytes; engineering properties; equations; fluid flow; homogeneous materials; ions; isotropic materials; models; porous materials; reservoir rocks; salinity; simulation; solutions; storage; transport; volume DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-015-0502-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological objectives can be achieved with wood-derived bioenergy AN - 1780499239; PQ0002871194 JF - Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Kline, Keith L AU - Marland, Gregg AU - Miner, Reid A AD - Center for BioEnergy Sustainability, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, dalevh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 297 EP - 299 PB - Ecological Society of America, 1707 H Street, N.W., Suite 400 Washington DC 20006 United States VL - 13 IS - 6 SN - 1540-9295, 1540-9295 KW - Ecology Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780499239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+Ecology+and+the+Environment&rft.atitle=Ecological+objectives+can+be+achieved+with+wood-derived+bioenergy&rft.au=Dale%2C+Virginia+H%3BKline%2C+Keith+L%3BMarland%2C+Gregg%3BMiner%2C+Reid+A&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Frontiers+in+Ecology+and+the+Environment&rft.issn=15409295&rft_id=info:doi/10.1890%2F15.WB.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/15.WB.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of the cellulase activity distribution in Clostridium thermocellum and Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis cultures using a fluorescent substrate AN - 1762354909; PQ0002503460 AB - This study took advantage of resorufin cellobioside as a fluorescent substrate to determine the distribution of cellulase activity in cellulosic biomass fermentation systems. Cellulolytic biofilms were found to express nearly four orders greater cellulase activity compared to planktonic cultures of Clostridium thermocellum and Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis, which can be primarily attributed to the high cell concentration and surface attachment. The formation of biofilms results in cellulases being secreted close to their substrates, which appears to be an energetically favorable stategy for insoluble substrate utilization. For the same reason, cellulases should be closely associated with the surfaces of suspended cell in soluble substrate-fed culture, which has been verified with cellobiose-fed cultures of C. thermocellum and C. obsidiansis. This study addressed the importance of cellulase activity distribution in cellulosic biomass fermentation, and provided theoretical foundation for the leading role of biofilm in cellulose degradation. System optimization and reactor designs that promote biofilm formation in cellulosic biomass hydrolysis may promise an improved cellulosic biofuel process. JF - Journal of Environmental Sciences (China) AU - Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer L AU - Elkins, James G AU - Wang, Zhi-Wu AD - BioEnergy Science Center, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, wzw@vt.edu Y1 - 2015/08/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 01 SP - 212 EP - 218 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 34 SN - 1001-0742, 1001-0742 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts KW - Thermophilic KW - Biofilm KW - Cellulose KW - Cellulase KW - Biofuel KW - Fuel technology KW - Cell surface KW - Degradation KW - Fermentation KW - Cell culture KW - resorufin KW - Bioreactors KW - Caldicellulosiruptor KW - Biofilms KW - Enzymes KW - Clostridium thermocellum KW - Biomass KW - Hydrolysis KW - Biofuels KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - Q1 08625:Non-edible products KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1762354909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Sciences+%28China%29&rft.atitle=Determination+of+the+cellulase+activity+distribution+in+Clostridium+thermocellum+and+Caldicellulosiruptor+obsidiansis+cultures+using+a+fluorescent+substrate&rft.au=Morrell-Falvey%2C+Jennifer+L%3BElkins%2C+James+G%3BWang%2C+Zhi-Wu&rft.aulast=Morrell-Falvey&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=&rft.spage=212&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Sciences+%28China%29&rft.issn=10010742&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jes.2015.03.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fermentation; Cellulose; Enzymes; Biofilms; Hydrolysis; Cell surface; resorufin; Bioreactors; Cell culture; Biomass; Biofuels; Cellulase; Fuel technology; Degradation; Caldicellulosiruptor; Clostridium thermocellum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2015.03.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of maturation on multiscale (nanometer to millimeter) porosity in the Eagle Ford Shale AN - 1756505759; 2016-006914 AB - Porosity and permeability are key variables that link the thermal-hydrologic, geomechanical, and geochemical behavior in rock systems and are thus important input parameters for transport models. Neutron scattering studies indicate that the scales of pore sizes in rocks extend over many orders of magnitude from nanometer-sized pores with huge amounts of total surface area to large open fracture systems (multiscale porosity). However, despite considerable efforts combining conventional petrophysics, neutron scattering, and electron microscopy, the quantitative nature of this porosity in tight gas shales, especially at smaller scales and over larger rock volumes, remains largely unknown. Nor is it well understood how pore networks are affected by regional variation in rock composition and properties, thermal changes across the oil window (maturity), and, most critically, hydraulic fracturing. To improve this understanding, we have used a combination of small- and ultrasmall-angle neutron scattering (U)SANS with scanning electron microscope (SEM)/backscattered electron imaging to analyze the pore structure of clay- and carbonate-rich samples of the Eagle Ford Shale. This formation is hydrocarbon rich, straddles the oil window, and is one of the most actively drilled oil and gas targets in the United States. Several important trends in the Eagle Ford rock pore structure have been identified using our approach. The (U)SANS results reflected the connected (effective) and unconnected porosity, as well as the volume occupied by organic material. The latter could be separated using total organic carbon data and, at all maturities, constituted a significant fraction of the apparent porosity. At lower maturities, the pore structure was strongly anisotropic. However, this decreased with increasing maturity, eventually disappearing entirely for carbonate-rich samples. In clay- and carbonate-rich samples, a significant reduction in total porosity occurred at (U)SANS scales, much of it during initial increases in maturity. This apparently contradicted SEM observations that showed increases in intraorganic porosity with increasing maturity. Organic-rich shales are, however, a very complex material from the point of view of scattering studies, and a more detailed analysis is needed to better understand these observations. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Anovitz, Lawrence Michael AU - Cole, David Robert AU - Sheets, Julia Meyer AU - Swift, Alexander AU - Elston, Harold William AU - Welch, Susan AU - Chipera, Steve James AU - Littrell, Kenneth Charles AU - Mildner, David Francis Raymond AU - Wasbrough, Matthew John AU - O'Brien, John AU - Beeney, Ken AU - Beserra, Troy AU - Kendrick, Mike AU - Marshall, Marc AU - Sparkman, Gene AU - Ray, R Randy Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - SU59 EP - SU70 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - maturity KW - shale gas KW - Cretaceous KW - natural gas KW - petroleum KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - observations KW - mineral composition KW - transport KW - autocorrelation KW - heterogeneity KW - fractals KW - statistical analysis KW - electron microscopy data KW - equations KW - Eagle Ford Formation KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - Gulfian KW - SEM data KW - permeability KW - anisotropy KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+maturation+on+multiscale+%28nanometer+to+millimeter%29+porosity+in+the+Eagle+Ford+Shale&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+Lawrence+Michael%3BCole%2C+David+Robert%3BSheets%2C+Julia+Meyer%3BSwift%2C+Alexander%3BElston%2C+Harold+William%3BWelch%2C+Susan%3BChipera%2C+Steve+James%3BLittrell%2C+Kenneth+Charles%3BMildner%2C+David+Francis+Raymond%3BWasbrough%2C+Matthew+John%3BO%27Brien%2C+John%3BBeeney%2C+Ken%3BBeserra%2C+Troy%3BKendrick%2C+Mike%3BMarshall%2C+Marc%3BSparkman%2C+Gene%3BRay%2C+R+Randy&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=SU59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2014-0280.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Online First N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; autocorrelation; Cretaceous; Eagle Ford Formation; electron microscopy data; equations; fractals; Gulfian; heterogeneity; maturity; Mesozoic; mineral composition; models; natural gas; observations; organic compounds; permeability; petroleum; porosity; SEM data; shale gas; statistical analysis; transport; United States; Upper Cretaceous DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2014-0280.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Profiling of adrenocorticotropic hormone and arginine vasopressin in human pituitary gland and tumor thin tissue sections using droplet-based liquid-microjunction surface-sampling-HPLC-ESI-MS-MS AN - 1746882234; PQ0001939412 AB - Described here are the results from the profiling of the proteins arginine vasopressin (AVP) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from normal human pituitary gland and pituitary adenoma tissue sections, using a fully automated droplet-based liquid-microjunction surface-sampling-HPLC-ESI-MS-MS system for spatially resolved sampling, HPLC separation, and mass spectrometric detection. Excellent correlation was found between the protein distribution data obtained with this method and data obtained with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) chemical imaging analyses of serial sections of the same tissue. The protein distributions correlated with the visible anatomic pattern of the pituitary gland. AVP was most abundant in the posterior pituitary gland region (neurohypophysis), and ATCH was dominant in the anterior pituitary gland region (adenohypophysis). The relative amounts of AVP and ACTH sampled from a series of ACTH-secreting and non-secreting pituitary adenomas correlated with histopathological evaluation. ACTH was readily detected at significantly higher levels in regions of ACTH-secreting adenomas and in normal anterior adenohypophysis compared with non-secreting adenoma and neurohypophysis. AVP was mostly detected in normal neurohypophysis, as expected. This work reveals that a fully automated droplet-based liquid-microjunction surface-sampling system coupled to HPLC-ESI-MS-MS can be readily used for spatially resolved sampling, separation, detection, and semi-quantitation of physiologically-relevant peptide and protein hormones, including AVP and ACTH, directly from human tissue. In addition, the relative simplicity, rapidity, and specificity of this method support the potential of this basic technology, with further advancement, for assisting surgical decision-making. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] JF - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry AU - Kertesz, Vilmos AU - Calligaris, David AU - Feldman, Daniel R AU - Changelian, Armen AU - Laws, Edward R AU - Santagata, Sandro AU - Agar, Nathalie YR AU - Berkel, Gary J AD - Organic and Biological Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6131, USA, kerteszv@ornl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 5989 EP - 5998 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Berlin/Heidelberg Germany VL - 407 IS - 20 SN - 1618-2642, 1618-2642 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Desorption KW - Automation KW - Distribution Patterns KW - Evaluation KW - Proteins KW - Liquid Chromatography KW - Lasers KW - Sampling KW - Ionization KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746882234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Profiling+of+adrenocorticotropic+hormone+and+arginine+vasopressin+in+human+pituitary+gland+and+tumor+thin+tissue+sections+using+droplet-based+liquid-microjunction+surface-sampling-HPLC-ESI-MS-MS&rft.au=Kertesz%2C+Vilmos%3BCalligaris%2C+David%3BFeldman%2C+Daniel+R%3BChangelian%2C+Armen%3BLaws%2C+Edward+R%3BSantagata%2C+Sandro%3BAgar%2C+Nathalie+YR%3BBerkel%2C+Gary+J&rft.aulast=Kertesz&rft.aufirst=Vilmos&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=407&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=5989&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=16182642&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00216-015-8803-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Evaluation; Distribution Patterns; Desorption; Liquid Chromatography; Automation; Proteins; Lasers; Sampling; Ionization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-015-8803-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the accuracy of stratospheric aerosol extinction derived from in situ size distribution measurements and surface area density derived from remote SAGE II and HALOE extinction measurements AN - 1722169545; PQ0002019103 AB - In situ stratospheric aerosol measurements, from University of Wyoming optical particle counters (OPCs), are compared with Stratospheric Aerosol Gas Experiment (SAGE) II (versions 6.2 and 7.0) and Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) satellite measurements to investigate differences between SAGE II/HALOE-measured extinction and derived surface area and OPC-derived extinction and surface area. Coincident OPC and SAGE II measurements are compared for a volcanic (1991-1996) and nonvolcanic (1997-2005) period. OPC calculated extinctions agree with SAGE II measurements, within instrumental uncertainty, during the volcanic period, but have been a factor of 2 low during the nonvolcanic period. Three systematic errors associated with the OPC measurements, anisokineticity, inlet particle evaporation, and counting efficiency, were investigated. An overestimation of the OPC counting efficiency is found to be the major source of systematic error. With this correction OPC calculated extinction increases by 15-30% (30-50%) for the volcanic (nonvolcanic) measurements. These changes significantly improve the comparison with SAGE II and HALOE extinctions in the nonvolcanic cases but slightly degrade the agreement in the volcanic period. These corrections have impacts on OPC-derived surface area density, exacerbating the poor agreement between OPC and SAGE II (version 6.2) surface areas. This disparity is reconciled with SAGE II version 7.0 surface areas. For both the volcanic and nonvolcanic cases these changes in OPC counting efficiency and in the operational SAGE II surface area algorithm leave the derived surface areas from both platforms in significantly better agreement and within the plus or minus 40% precision of the OPC moment calculations. Key Points * In situ OPC stratospheric aerosol measurements corrected for a calibration error * Corrected OPC and SAGE II stratospheric aerosol extinctions are in agreement * In nonvolcanic periods, OPC and SAGE II surface areas are in agreement JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Kovilakam, Mahesh AU - Deshler, Terry AD - Now at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 8426 EP - 8447 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 120 IS - 16 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Particle counters KW - Stratospheric aerosol measurements KW - Evaporation KW - Area KW - Algorithms KW - Calibrations KW - Volcanic activity KW - Coastal inlets KW - Inlets (waterways) KW - Aerosols KW - USA, Wyoming KW - Mathematical models KW - Extinction KW - Inlets KW - Halogens KW - Density KW - Leaves KW - Systematics KW - Stratospheric aerosols KW - Size distribution KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722169545?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=On+the+accuracy+of+stratospheric+aerosol+extinction+derived+from+in+situ+size+distribution+measurements+and+surface+area+density+derived+from+remote+SAGE+II+and+HALOE+extinction+measurements&rft.au=Kovilakam%2C+Mahesh%3BDeshler%2C+Terry&rft.aulast=Kovilakam&rft.aufirst=Mahesh&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=8426&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JD023303 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aerosols; Mathematical models; Particle counters; Halogens; Area; Coastal inlets; Size distribution; Inlets (waterways); Stratospheric aerosols; Stratospheric aerosol measurements; Extinction; Evaporation; Volcanic activity; Algorithms; Calibrations; Inlets; Density; Leaves; Systematics; USA, Wyoming DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023303 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A roadmap for research on crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) to enhance sustainable food and bioenergy production in a hotter, drier world AN - 1709167810; PQ0001724688 AB - Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is a specialized mode of photosynthesis that features nocturnal CO sub(2) uptake, facilitates increased water-use efficiency (WUE), and enables CAM plants to inhabit water-limited environments such as semi-arid deserts or seasonally dry forests. Human population growth and global climate change now present challenges for agricultural production systems to increase food, feed, forage, fiber, and fuel production. One approach to meet these challenges is to increase reliance on CAM crops, such as Agave and Opuntia, for biomass production on semi-arid, abandoned, marginal, or degraded agricultural lands. Major research efforts are now underway to assess the productivity of CAM crop species and to harness the WUE of CAM by engineering this pathway into existing food, feed, and bioenergy crops. An improved understanding of CAM has potential for high returns on research investment. To exploit the potential of CAM crops and CAM bioengineering, it will be necessary to elucidate the evolution, genomic features, and regulatory mechanisms of CAM. Field trials and predictive models will be required to assess the productivity of CAM crops, while new synthetic biology approaches need to be developed for CAM engineering. Infrastructure will be needed for CAM model systems, field trials, mutant collections, and data management. JF - New Phytologist AU - Yang, Xiaohan AU - Cushman, John C AU - Borland, Anne M AU - Edwards, Erika J AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Tuskan, Gerald A AU - Owen, Nick A AU - Griffiths, Howard AU - Smith, JAndrew C AU - De Paoli, Henrique C AU - Weston, David J AU - Cottingham, Robert AU - Hartwell, James AU - Davis, Sarah C AU - Silvera, Katia AU - Ming, Ray AU - Schlauch, Karen AU - Abraham, Paul AU - Stewart, JRyan AU - Guo, Hao-Bo AU - Albion, Rebecca AU - Ha, Jungmin AU - Lim, Sung Don AU - Wone, Bernard WM AU - Yim, Won Cheol AU - Garcia, Travis AU - Mayer, Jesse A AU - Petereit, Juli AU - Nair, Sujithkumar S AU - Casey, Erin AU - Hettich, Robert L AU - Ceusters, Johan AU - Ranjan, Priya AU - Palla, Kaitlin J AU - Yin, Hengfu AU - Reyes-Garcia, Casandra AU - Andrade, Jose Luis AU - Freschi, Luciano AU - Beltran, Juan D AU - Dever, Louisa V AU - Boxall, Susanna F AU - Waller, Jade AU - Davies, Jack AU - Bupphada, Phaitun AU - Kadu, Nirja AU - Winter, Klaus AU - Sage, Rowan F AU - Aguilar, Cristobal N AU - Schmutz, Jeremy AU - Jenkins, Jerry AU - et. al. AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6407, USA. Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 491 EP - 504 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 207 IS - 3 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Photosynthesis KW - Fuels KW - Population growth KW - Food KW - Climatic changes KW - Agave KW - Dry forests KW - Biomass KW - Crops KW - Opuntia KW - Models KW - Fibers KW - Agricultural land KW - Deserts KW - genomics KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Evolution KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709167810?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=A+roadmap+for+research+on+crassulacean+acid+metabolism+%28CAM%29+to+enhance+sustainable+food+and+bioenergy+production+in+a+hotter%2C+drier+world&rft.au=Yang%2C+Xiaohan%3BCushman%2C+John+C%3BBorland%2C+Anne+M%3BEdwards%2C+Erika+J%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BTuskan%2C+Gerald+A%3BOwen%2C+Nick+A%3BGriffiths%2C+Howard%3BSmith%2C+JAndrew+C%3BDe+Paoli%2C+Henrique+C%3BWeston%2C+David+J%3BCottingham%2C+Robert%3BHartwell%2C+James%3BDavis%2C+Sarah+C%3BSilvera%2C+Katia%3BMing%2C+Ray%3BSchlauch%2C+Karen%3BAbraham%2C+Paul%3BStewart%2C+JRyan%3BGuo%2C+Hao-Bo%3BAlbion%2C+Rebecca%3BHa%2C+Jungmin%3BLim%2C+Sung+Don%3BWone%2C+Bernard+WM%3BYim%2C+Won+Cheol%3BGarcia%2C+Travis%3BMayer%2C+Jesse+A%3BPetereit%2C+Juli%3BNair%2C+Sujithkumar+S%3BCasey%2C+Erin%3BHettich%2C+Robert+L%3BCeusters%2C+Johan%3BRanjan%2C+Priya%3BPalla%2C+Kaitlin+J%3BYin%2C+Hengfu%3BReyes-Garcia%2C+Casandra%3BAndrade%2C+Jose+Luis%3BFreschi%2C+Luciano%3BBeltran%2C+Juan+D%3BDever%2C+Louisa+V%3BBoxall%2C+Susanna+F%3BWaller%2C+Jade%3BDavies%2C+Jack%3BBupphada%2C+Phaitun%3BKadu%2C+Nirja%3BWinter%2C+Klaus%3BSage%2C+Rowan+F%3BAguilar%2C+Cristobal+N%3BSchmutz%2C+Jeremy%3BJenkins%2C+Jerry%3Bet.+al.&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Xiaohan&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=207&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fnph.13393 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Photosynthesis; Food; Population growth; Fuels; Climatic changes; Biomass; Dry forests; Crops; Models; Fibers; Agricultural land; Deserts; genomics; Carbon dioxide; Evolution; Agave; Opuntia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.13393 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Insights into the effect of dilute acid, hot water or alkaline pretreatment on the cellulose accessible surface area and the overall porosity of Populus AN - 1705060876; PQ0001843349 AB - Pretreatment is known to make biomass more reactive to cellulase by altering the chemical compositions as well as physical structures of biomass. Simons' staining technique along with mercury porosimetry was applied on the acid, neutral, and alkaline pretreated materials to measure the accessible surface area of cellulose and pore size distribution of Populus. The results indicated that acid pretreatment is much more effective than water and alkaline pretreatment in terms of cellulose accessibility increase. Further investigation suggests that lignin does not dictate cellulose accessibility to the extent that hemicellulose does, but it does restrict xylan accessibility which in turn controls the access of cellulase to cellulose. The most interesting finding is that severe acid pretreatment significantly decreases the average pore size, i.e.90% average size decrease could be observed after 60 min dilute acid pretreatment at 160 degree C; however, the nano-pore space formed between the coated microfibrils increased after pretreatment, especially with the acid pretreatment, suggesting that this particular type of biomass porosity is probably the most fundamental barrier to effective enzymatic hydrolysis. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Meng, Xianzhi AU - Wells, Tyrone Jr AU - Sun, Qining AU - Huang, Fang AU - Ragauskas, Arthur AD - Bioenergy Science Center; School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta; Georgia 30332; USA; , aragausk@utk.edu Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 4239 EP - 4246 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 17 IS - 8 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Chemical composition KW - Populus KW - Surface area KW - Cellulose KW - Porosity KW - Green development KW - Mercury KW - Biomass KW - Hydrolysis KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705060876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Insights+into+the+effect+of+dilute+acid%2C+hot+water+or+alkaline+pretreatment+on+the+cellulose+accessible+surface+area+and+the+overall+porosity+of+Populus&rft.au=Meng%2C+Xianzhi%3BWells%2C+Tyrone+Jr%3BSun%2C+Qining%3BHuang%2C+Fang%3BRagauskas%2C+Arthur&rft.aulast=Meng&rft.aufirst=Xianzhi&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5gc00689a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemical composition; Surface area; Green development; Porosity; Cellulose; Mercury; Biomass; Hydrolysis; Populus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5gc00689a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molybdenum Availability Is Key to Nitrate Removal in Contaminated Groundwater Environments. AN - 1695174203; 25979890 AB - The concentrations of molybdenum (Mo) and 25 other metals were measured in groundwater samples from 80 wells on the Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) (Oak Ridge, TN), many of which are contaminated with nitrate, as well as uranium and various other metals. The concentrations of nitrate and uranium were in the ranges of 0.1 μM to 230 mM and <0.2 nM to 580 μM, respectively. Almost all metals examined had significantly greater median concentrations in a subset of wells that were highly contaminated with uranium (≥126 nM). They included cadmium, manganese, and cobalt, which were 1,300- to 2,700-fold higher. A notable exception, however, was Mo, which had a lower median concentration in the uranium-contaminated wells. This is significant, because Mo is essential in the dissimilatory nitrate reduction branch of the global nitrogen cycle. It is required at the catalytic site of nitrate reductase, the enzyme that reduces nitrate to nitrite. Moreover, more than 85% of the groundwater samples contained less than 10 nM Mo, whereas concentrations of 10 to 100 nM Mo were required for efficient growth by nitrate reduction for two Pseudomonas strains isolated from ORR wells and by a model denitrifier, Pseudomonas stutzeri RCH2. Higher concentrations of Mo tended to inhibit the growth of these strains due to the accumulation of toxic concentrations of nitrite, and this effect was exacerbated at high nitrate concentrations. The relevance of these results to a Mo-based nitrate removal strategy and the potential community-driving role that Mo plays in contaminated environments are discussed. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Thorgersen, Michael P AU - Lancaster, W Andrew AU - Vaccaro, Brian J AU - Poole, Farris L AU - Rocha, Andrea M AU - Mehlhorn, Tonia AU - Pettenato, Angelica AU - Ray, Jayashree AU - Waters, R Jordan AU - Melnyk, Ryan A AU - Chakraborty, Romy AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Deutschbauer, Adam M AU - Arkin, Adam P AU - Adams, Michael W W AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA. ; Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. ; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA adams@bmb.uga.edu. Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 4976 EP - 4983 VL - 81 IS - 15 KW - Coenzymes KW - 0 KW - Nitrates KW - Molybdenum KW - 81AH48963U KW - Nitrate Reductase KW - EC 1.7.99.4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Nitrate Reductase -- metabolism KW - Tennessee KW - Coenzymes -- metabolism KW - Pseudomonas stutzeri -- metabolism KW - Groundwater -- chemistry KW - Pseudomonas stutzeri -- growth & development KW - Denitrification KW - Nitrates -- metabolism KW - Molybdenum -- metabolism KW - Groundwater -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1695174203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Molybdenum+Availability+Is+Key+to+Nitrate+Removal+in+Contaminated+Groundwater+Environments.&rft.au=Thorgersen%2C+Michael+P%3BLancaster%2C+W+Andrew%3BVaccaro%2C+Brian+J%3BPoole%2C+Farris+L%3BRocha%2C+Andrea+M%3BMehlhorn%2C+Tonia%3BPettenato%2C+Angelica%3BRay%2C+Jayashree%3BWaters%2C+R+Jordan%3BMelnyk%2C+Ryan+A%3BChakraborty%2C+Romy%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BDeutschbauer%2C+Adam+M%3BArkin%2C+Adam+P%3BAdams%2C+Michael+W+W&rft.aulast=Thorgersen&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=4976&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=1098-5336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.00917-15 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-03-29 N1 - Date created - 2015-07-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1989 Jul;55(7):1670-6 [2764573] Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1997 Dec;61(4):533-616 [9409151] Ground Water. 2005 Mar-Apr;43(2):169-77 [15819938] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Mar;73(5):1420-4 [17209072] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2008 Mar;74(5):1620-33 [18192411] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008 Mar;1125:215-29 [18096847] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2008 Jun;74(12):3718-29 [18456853] Environ Sci Technol. 2009 May 15;43(10):3529-34 [19544850] Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Jan 1;44(1):177-83 [19938814] Nature. 2010 Aug 5;466(7307):779-82 [20639861] Sci Total Environ. 2010 Oct 15;408(22):5362-71 [20813395] Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Oct 1;44(19):7491-7 [20822129] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Apr;78(7):2082-91 [22267668] J Bacteriol. 2012 Aug;194(16):4461-2 [22843592] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2013 Jan;79(1):63-73 [23064329] Mol Syst Biol. 2013;9:660 [23591776] MBio. 2015;6(3):e00326-15 [25968645] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 May;68(5):2300-6 [11976101] FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2003 Mar 28;220(2):261-9 [12670690] Br Med Bull. 2003;68:167-82 [14757716] J Biol Inorg Chem. 2004 Oct;9(7):791-9 [15311335] J Bacteriol. 1975 Jun;122(3):1230-8 [1097396] Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248-54 [942051] Arch Microbiol. 1980 Jun;126(2):155-9 [7192082] Br J Nutr. 1989 May;61(3):741-8 [2758022] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00917-15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanopillar Based Enhanced-Fluorescence Detection of Surface-Immobilized Beryllium. AN - 1694960752; 26041094 AB - The unique properties associated with beryllium metal ensures the continued use in many industries despite the documented health and environmental risks. While engineered safeguards and personal protective equipment can reduce risks associated with working with the metal, it has been mandated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) that the workplace air and surfaces must be monitored for toxic levels. While many methods have been developed to monitor levels down to the low μg/m(3), the complexity and expense of these methods have driven the investigation into alternate methodologies. Herein, we use a combination of the previously developed fluorescence Be(II) ion detection reagent, 10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinoline (HBQ), with an optical field enhanced silicon nanopillar array, creating a new surface immobilized (si-HBQ) platform. The si-HBQ platform allows the positive control of the reagent for demonstrated reusability and a pillar diameter based tunable enhancement. Furthermore, native silicon nanopillars are overcoated with thin layers of porous silicon oxide to develop an analytical platform capable of a 0.0006 μg/L limit of detection (LOD) using sub-μL sample volumes. Additionally, we demonstrate a method to multiplex the introduction of the sample to the platform, with minimal 5.2% relative standard deviation (RSD) at 0.1 μg/L, to accommodate the potentially large number of samples needed to maintain industrial compliance. The minimal sample and reagent volumes and lack of complex and highly specific instrumentation, as well as positive control and reusability of traditionally consumable reagents, create a platform that is accessible and economically advantageous. JF - Analytical chemistry AU - Charlton, Jennifer J AU - Jones, Natalie C AU - Wallace, Ryan A AU - Smithwick, Robert W AU - Bradshaw, James A AU - Kravchenko, Ivan I AU - Lavrik, Nickolay V AU - Sepaniak, Michael J AD - †The University of Tennessee Knoxville, Department of Chemistry, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States. ; ‡Y-12 National Security Complex, Analytical Chemistry Organization, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States. ; §The Center for Nanophase Material Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States. Y1 - 2015/07/07/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jul 07 SP - 6814 EP - 6821 VL - 87 IS - 13 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1694960752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Nanopillar+Based+Enhanced-Fluorescence+Detection+of+Surface-Immobilized+Beryllium.&rft.au=Charlton%2C+Jennifer+J%3BJones%2C+Natalie+C%3BWallace%2C+Ryan+A%3BSmithwick%2C+Robert+W%3BBradshaw%2C+James+A%3BKravchenko%2C+Ivan+I%3BLavrik%2C+Nickolay+V%3BSepaniak%2C+Michael+J&rft.aulast=Charlton&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2015-07-07&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=6814&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+chemistry&rft.issn=1520-6882&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.analchem.5b01035 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-09-09 N1 - Date created - 2015-07-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extreme weather events and interconnected infrastructures: toward more comprehensive climate change planning AN - 1734297357; 4717057 JF - Environment AU - Wilbanks, Thomas J AU - Fernandez, Steven J AU - Allen, Melissa R AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory ; University of Tennessee Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - Jul 2015 SP - 4 EP - 15 VL - 57 IS - 4 SN - 0013-9157, 0013-9157 KW - Political Science KW - Planning theory KW - Weather KW - Environmental change KW - Climate change KW - Climate KW - Environmental policy KW - Sustainability UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1734297357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment&rft.atitle=Extreme+weather+events+and+interconnected+infrastructures%3A+toward+more+comprehensive+climate+change+planning&rft.au=Wilbanks%2C+Thomas+J%3BFernandez%2C+Steven+J%3BAllen%2C+Melissa+R&rft.aulast=Wilbanks&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment&rft.issn=00139157&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00139157.2015.1048134 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-18 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 13505 2381 8560 9511 4309; 2381 8560 9511 4309; 2382 2381 8560 9511 4309 4313; 9563; 4313 4309; 4336 5574 10472; 12434 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00139157.2015.1048134 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Small-scale characterisation of irradiated nuclear materials: Part I - Microstructure AN - 1732840306; PQ0002249609 AB - The behaviour of nanometre-scale precipitates in oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic alloys and tungsten-rhenium alloys for nuclear applications has been examined by atom probe tomography (APT). Low Re content tungsten alloys showed no evidence of Re clustering following self-ion irradiation whereas the 25 at.% Re resulted in cluster formation. The size and composition of clusters varied depending on the material form during irradiation (pre-sharpened needle or bulk). These results high-light the care that must be taken in interpreting data from ion irradiated pre-sharpened needles due to the presence of free surfaces. Self-ion irradiation of the ODS ferritic alloy resulted in a change in the composition of the clusters, indicating a transition from a near-stoichiometric Y sub(2)Ti sub(2)O sub(7) composition towards a Ti sub(2)YO sub(5). JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Edmondson, P D AU - London, A AU - Xu, A AU - Armstrong, D EJ AU - Roberts, S G AD - Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK, edmondsonpd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 369 EP - 373 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 462 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Needles KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Alloys KW - Tungsten KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732840306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Small-scale+characterisation+of+irradiated+nuclear+materials%3A+Part+I+-+Microstructure&rft.au=Edmondson%2C+P+D%3BLondon%2C+A%3BXu%2C+A%3BArmstrong%2C+D+EJ%3BRoberts%2C+S+G&rft.aulast=Edmondson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=462&rft.issue=&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.11.067 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Needles; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Alloys; Tungsten DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.11.067 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of advantages of high-efficiency X-ray spectrum imaging for analysis of nanostructured ferritic alloys AN - 1732840250; PQ0002249617 AB - Nanostructured ferritic alloys (NFAs) exhibit complex microstructures consisting of 100-500 nm ferrite grains, grain boundary solute enrichment, and multiple populations of precipitates and nanodusters (NCs). Understanding these materials' excellent creep and radiation-tolerance properties requires a combination of multiple atomic-scale experimental techniques. Recent advances in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) hardware and data analysis methods have the potential to revolutionize nanometer-to micrometer-scale materials analysis. Modern high-brightness, high-X-ray collection STEM instruments are capable of enabling advanced experiments, such as simultaneous energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy spectrum imaging at nm to sub-nm resolution, that are now well-established for the study of nuclear materials. In this paper, we review past results and present new results illustrating the effectiveness of latest-generation STEM instrumentation and data analysis. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Parish, Chad M AU - Miller, Michael K AD - Microscopy Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37931, USA, parishcm@ornl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 433 EP - 442 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 462 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Creep KW - Reviews KW - Radioactive materials KW - Microscopy KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - Alloys KW - Nuclear energy KW - Grains KW - Spectroscopy KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732840250?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=A+review+of+advantages+of+high-efficiency+X-ray+spectrum+imaging+for+analysis+of+nanostructured+ferritic+alloys&rft.au=Parish%2C+Chad+M%3BMiller%2C+Michael+K&rft.aulast=Parish&rft.aufirst=Chad&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=462&rft.issue=&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.11.134 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Creep; Reviews; Microscopy; Radioactive materials; X-ray spectroscopy; Alloys; Nuclear energy; Spectroscopy; Grains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.11.134 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High dose neutron irradiation of Hi-Nicalon Type S silicon carbide composites, Part 1: Microstructural evaluations AN - 1732839271; PQ0002249619 AB - Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in the development of silicon carbide (SiC) composites, composed of near-stoichiometric SiC fibers embedded in a crystalline SiC matrix, to the point that such materials can now be considered nuclear grade. Recent neutron irradiation studies of Hi-Nicalon Type S SiC composites showed excellent radiation response at damage levels of 30-40 dpa at temperatures of 300-800 [degrees]C. However, more recent studies of these same fiber composites irradiated to damage levels of >70 dpa at similar temperatures showed a marked decrease in ultimate flexural strength, particularly at 300 [degrees]C. Here, electron microscopy is used to analyze the microstructural evolution of these irradiated composites in order to investigate the cause of the degradation. While minimal changes were observed in Hi-Nicalon Type S SiC composites irradiated at 800 [degrees]C, substantial microstructural evolution is observed in those irradiated at 300 [degrees]C. Specifically, carbonaceous particles in the fibers grew by 25% compared to the virgin case, and severe cracking occurred at interphase layers. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Perez-Bergquist, Alejandro G AU - Nozawa, Takashi AU - Shih, Chunghao AU - Leonard, Keith J AU - Snead, Lance L AU - Katoh, Yutai AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, perezbergqagffoml.gov PY - 2015 SP - 443 EP - 449 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 462 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fibers KW - Silicon KW - Radiation KW - Degradation KW - Irradiation KW - Microscopy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Particulates KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732839271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=High+dose+neutron+irradiation+of+Hi-Nicalon+Type+S+silicon+carbide+composites%2C+Part+1%3A+Microstructural+evaluations&rft.au=Perez-Bergquist%2C+Alejandro+G%3BNozawa%2C+Takashi%3BShih%2C+Chunghao%3BLeonard%2C+Keith+J%3BSnead%2C+Lance+L%3BKatoh%2C+Yutai&rft.aulast=Perez-Bergquist&rft.aufirst=Alejandro&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=462&rft.issue=&rft.spage=443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.06.038 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fibers; Silicon; Degradation; Radiation; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Microscopy; Temperature; Particulates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.06.038 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection and quantification of solute clusters in a nanostructured ferritic alloy AN - 1732839088; PQ0002249616 AB - A series of simulated atom probe datasets were examined with a friends-of-friends method to establish the detection efficiency required to resolve solute clusters in the ferrite phase of a 14YWT nanostructured ferritic alloy. The size and number densities of solute clusters in the ferrite of the as-milled mechanically-alloyed condition and the stir zone of a friction stir weld were estimated with a prototype high-detection-efficiency (~80%) local electrode atom probe. High number densities, 1.8 x 10 super(24) m super(-3) and 1.2 x 10 super(24) m super(-3), respectively of solute clusters containing between 2 and 9 solute atoms of Ti, Y and O and were detected for these two conditions. These results support first principle calculations that predicted that vacancies stabilize these Ti-Y-O- clusters, which retard diffusion and contribute to the excellent high temperature stability of the microstructure and radiation tolerance of nanostructured ferritic alloys. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Miller, M K AU - Reinhard, D AU - Larson, D J AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6139, USA, millermk@ornl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 428 EP - 432 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 462 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Radiation KW - Prototypes KW - High temperature KW - Electrodes KW - Radioactive materials KW - Alloys KW - Welding KW - Diffusion KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732839088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Detection+and+quantification+of+solute+clusters+in+a+nanostructured+ferritic+alloy&rft.au=Miller%2C+M+K%3BReinhard%2C+D%3BLarson%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=462&rft.issue=&rft.spage=428&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.12.107 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radiation; Prototypes; High temperature; Radioactive materials; Electrodes; Welding; Alloys; Diffusion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.12.107 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controlling diffusion for a self-healing radiation tolerant nanostructured ferritic alloy AN - 1732838979; PQ0002249615 AB - Diffusion plays a major role in the stability of microstructures to extreme conditions of high temperature and high doses of irradiation. In nanostructured ferritic alloys, first principle calculations indicate that the binding energy of vacancies is reduced by the presence of oxygen, titanium and yttrium atoms. Therefore, the number of free vacancies available for diffusion can be greatly reduced. The mechanical properties of these alloys, compared to traditional wrought alloys of similar composition and grain structure, is distinctly different, and the ultrafine grained alloy is distinguished by a high number density of Ti-Y-O-enriched nanoclusters and solute clusters, which drives the mechanical response. When a displacement cascade interacts with a nanocluster, the solute atoms are locally dispersed into the matrix by ballistic collisions, but immediately a new nanocluster reforms due to the local supersaturation of solutes and vacancies until the excess vacancies are consumed. The result of these processes is a structural material for advanced energy systems with a microstructure that is self-healing and tolerant to high doses of radiation and high temperatures. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Miller, M K AU - Parish, C M AU - Bei, H AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, millermk@ornl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 422 EP - 427 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 462 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Oxygen KW - Titanium KW - Radiation KW - Energy KW - High temperature KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Yttrium KW - Alloys KW - Diffusion KW - Grains KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732838979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Controlling+diffusion+for+a+self-healing+radiation+tolerant+nanostructured+ferritic+alloy&rft.au=Miller%2C+M+K%3BParish%2C+C+M%3BBei%2C+H&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=462&rft.issue=&rft.spage=422&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.12.048 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen; Titanium; Radiation; Irradiation; High temperature; Energy; Radioactive materials; Yttrium; Alloys; Diffusion; Grains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.12.048 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A framework for selecting indicators of bioenergy sustainability AN - 1718957315; PQ0001761196 AB - A framework for selecting and evaluating indicators of bioenergy sustainability is presented. This framework is designed to facilitate decision-making about which indicators are useful for assessing sustainability of bioenergy systems and supporting their deployment. Efforts to develop sustainability indicators in the United States and Europe are reviewed. The first steps of the framework for indicator selection are defining the sustainability goals and other goals for a bioenergy project or program, gaining an understanding of the context, and identifying the values of stakeholders. From the goals, context, and stakeholders, the objectives for analysis and criteria for indicator selection can be developed. The user of the framework identifies and ranks indicators, applies them in an assessment, and then evaluates their effectiveness, while identifying gaps that prevent goals from being met, assessing lessons learned, and moving toward best practices. The framework approach emphasizes that the selection of appropriate criteria and indicators is driven by the specific purpose of an analysis. Realistic goals and measures of bioenergy sustainability can be developed systematically with the help of the framework presented here. JF - Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Efroymson, Rebecca A AU - Kline, Keith L AU - Davitt, Marcia S AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - Jul 2015 SP - 435 EP - 446 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 1932-104X, 1932-104X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Decision making KW - Best practice KW - Assessments KW - Renewable energy KW - Indicators KW - Refining KW - Criteria KW - Sustainability UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718957315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.atitle=A+framework+for+selecting+indicators+of+bioenergy+sustainability&rft.au=Dale%2C+Virginia+H%3BEfroymson%2C+Rebecca+A%3BKline%2C+Keith+L%3BDavitt%2C+Marcia+S&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=435&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.issn=1932104X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbbb.1562 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1562 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A microbial functional group-based module for simulating methane production and consumption: Application to an incubated permafrost soil AN - 1709168742; PQ0001901661 AB - Accurately estimating methane (CH sub(4)) flux in terrestrial ecosystems is critically important for investigating and predicting biogeochemistry-climate feedbacks. Improved simulations of CH sub(4) flux require explicit representations of the microbial processes that account for CH sub(4) dynamics. A microbial functional group-based module was developed, building on the decomposition subroutine of the Community Land Model 4.5. This module considers four key mechanisms for CH sub(4) production and consumption: methanogenesis from acetate or from single-carbon compounds and CH sub(4) oxidation using molecular oxygen or other inorganic electron acceptors. Four microbial functional groups perform these processes: acetoclastic methanogens, hydrogenotrophic methanogens, aerobic methanotrophs, and anaerobic methanotrophs. This module was used to simulate dynamics of carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) and CH sub(4) concentrations from an incubation experiment with permafrost soils. The results show that the model captures the dynamics of CO sub(2) and CH sub(4) concentrations in microcosms with top soils, mineral layer soils, and permafrost soils under natural and saturated moisture conditions and three temperature conditions of -2 degree C, 3 degree C, and 5 degree C (R super(2)>0.67; P<0.001). The biases for modeled results are less than 30% across the soil samples and moisture and temperature conditions. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the importance of acetic acid's direct contribution as substrate and indirect effects through pH feedback on CO sub(2) and CH sub(4) production and consumption. This study suggests that representing the microbial mechanisms is critical for modeling CH sub(4) production and consumption; it is urgent to incorporate microbial mechanisms into Earth system models for better predicting trace gas dynamics and the behavior of the climate system. Key Points * We developed a microbial function group-based methane model * Model is capable to simulate gas dynamic in microcosm experiment * Moisture and temperature have significant effects on microbial mechanisms JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. G. Biogeosciences AU - Xu, Xiaofeng AU - Elias, Dwayne A AU - Graham, David E AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Carroll, Sue L AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Thornton, Peter E AD - Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 1315 EP - 1333 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 120 IS - 7 SN - 2169-8953, 2169-8953 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Soil temperature KW - Permafrost KW - Anaerobic microorganisms KW - Decomposition KW - Methanogenesis KW - Models KW - Sensitivity Analysis KW - Soil KW - Soils KW - Feedback KW - Microcosms KW - pH effects KW - Modelling KW - Abiotic factors KW - Temperature effects KW - Methane KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Methanogenic bacteria KW - Acetic acid KW - Oxygen KW - Methanotrophic bacteria KW - Terrestrial ecosystems KW - Oxidation KW - Microorganisms KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Fluctuations KW - Minerals KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709168742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=A+microbial+functional+group-based+module+for+simulating+methane+production+and+consumption%3A+Application+to+an+incubated+permafrost+soil&rft.au=Xu%2C+Xiaofeng%3BElias%2C+Dwayne+A%3BGraham%2C+David+E%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BCarroll%2C+Sue+L%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BThornton%2C+Peter+E&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Xiaofeng&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.issn=21698953&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JG002935 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Methane; Soils; Simulation; Permafrost; Carbon dioxide; pH effects; Abiotic factors; Modelling; Climate; Soil temperature; Anaerobic microorganisms; Methanogenic bacteria; Decomposition; Acetic acid; Methanogenesis; Models; Soil; Oxygen; Methanotrophic bacteria; Terrestrial ecosystems; Oxidation; Feedback; Microcosms; Minerals; Sensitivity Analysis; Climates; Temperature; Microorganisms; Fluctuations; Carbon Dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JG002935 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forecasting changes in water quality in rivers associated with growing biofuels in the Arkansas-White-Red river drainage, USA AN - 1701476842; PQ0001680657 AB - Excess nutrients from agriculture in the Mississippi River drainage, USA have degraded water quality in freshwaters and contributed to anoxic conditions in downstream estuaries. Consequently, water quality is a significant concern associated with conversion of lands to bioenergy production. This study focused on the Arkansas-White-Red river basin (AWR), one of five major river basins draining to the Mississippi River. The AWR has a strong precipitation gradient from east to west, and advanced cellulosic feedstocks are projected to become economically feasible within normal-to-wet areas of the region. In this study, we used large-scale watershed modeling to identify areas along this precipitation gradient with potential for improving water quality. We compared simulated water quality in rivers draining projected future landscapes with and without cellulosic bioenergy for two future years, 2022 and 2030 with an assumed farmgate price of $50 per dry ton. Changes in simulated water quantity and quality under future bioenergy scenarios varied among subbasins and years. Median water yield, nutrient loadings, and sediment yield decreased by 2030. Median concentrations of nutrients also decreased, but suspended sediment, which is influenced by decreased flow and in-stream processes, increased. Spatially, decreased loadings prevailed in the transitional ecotone between 97 degree and 100 degree longitude, where switchgrass, Panicum virgatum L., is projected to compete against alternative crops and land uses at $50 per dry ton. We conclude that this region contains areas that hold promise for sustainable bioenergy production in terms of both economic feasibility and water quality protection. JF - GCB Bioenergy AU - Jager, Henriette I AU - Baskaran, Latha M AU - Schweizer, Peter E AU - Turhollow, Anthony F AU - Brandt, Craig C AU - Srinivasan, Raghavan AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6036, USA. Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 774 EP - 784 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 1757-1693, 1757-1693 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - River Basins KW - Resource management KW - Water Supply KW - Nutrients KW - Water quality KW - Watersheds KW - Crops KW - Resuspended sediments KW - Sediment yield KW - Economics KW - Topography KW - Rivers KW - Panicum virgatum KW - Freshwater environments KW - Estuaries KW - Landscape KW - Water Quality KW - River basins KW - Land use KW - Model Studies KW - North America, Mississippi R. KW - Longitude KW - Biofuels KW - Agriculture KW - Prediction KW - Nutrient loading KW - Economic feasibility KW - Downstream KW - Drainage KW - Precipitation KW - Ecotones KW - Sediments KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - M2 551.468:Coastal Oceanography (551.468) KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701476842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GCB+Bioenergy&rft.atitle=Forecasting+changes+in+water+quality+in+rivers+associated+with+growing+biofuels+in+the+Arkansas-White-Red+river+drainage%2C+USA&rft.au=Jager%2C+Henriette+I%3BBaskaran%2C+Latha+M%3BSchweizer%2C+Peter+E%3BTurhollow%2C+Anthony+F%3BBrandt%2C+Craig+C%3BSrinivasan%2C+Raghavan&rft.aulast=Jager&rft.aufirst=Henriette&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=774&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GCB+Bioenergy&rft.issn=17571693&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgcbb.12169 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resuspended sediments; Prediction; Rivers; Economic feasibility; Resource management; River basins; Watersheds; Water quality; Land use; Agriculture; Freshwater environments; Drainage; Landscape; Estuaries; Nutrient loading; Nutrients; Precipitation; Ecotones; Sediments; Crops; Economics; Biofuels; Sediment yield; Topography; Feasibility studies; Downstream; Longitude; River Basins; Water Supply; Water Quality; Model Studies; Panicum virgatum; North America, Mississippi R. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12169 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A multi-model and multi-index evaluation of drought characteristics in the 21st century AN - 1696877673; 2015-067900 AB - Drought is a natural hazard that can have severe and long-lasting impacts on natural and human systems. Although increases in global greenhouse forcing are expected to change the characteristics and impacts of drought in the 21st century, there remains persistent uncertainty about how changes in temperature, precipitation and soil moisture will interact to shape the magnitude - and in some cases direction - of drought in different areas of the globe. Using data from 15 global climate models archived in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), we assess the likelihood of changes in the spatial extent, duration and number of occurrences of four drought indices: the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), the Standardized Runoff Index (SRI), the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and the Supply-Demand Drought Index (SDDI). We compare these characteristics in two future periods (2010-2054 and 2055-2099) of the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5). We find increases from the baseline period (1961-2005) in the spatial extent, duration and occurrence of "exceptional" drought in subtropical and tropical regions, with many regions showing an increase in both the occurrence and duration. There is strong agreement on the sign of these changes among the individual climate models, although some regions do exhibit substantial uncertainty in the magnitude of change. The changes in SPEI and SDDI characteristics are stronger than the changes in SPI and SRI due to the greater influence of temperature changes in the SPEI and SDDI indices. In particular, we see a robust permanent emergence of the spatial extent of SDDI from the baseline variability in West, East and Saharan Africa as early as 2020 and by 2080 in several other subtropical and tropical regions. The increasing likelihood of exceptional drought identified in our results suggests increasing risk of drought-related stresses for natural and human systems should greenhouse gas concentrations continue along their current trajectory. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Touma, Danielle AU - Ashfaq, Moetasim AU - Nayak, Munir A AU - Kao, Shih-Chieh AU - Diffenbaugh, Noah S Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 196 EP - 207 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 526 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - rainfall KW - CMIP5 model KW - standardized precipitation index KW - climate change KW - drought KW - models KW - standardized runoff index KW - sensitivity analysis KW - standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index KW - mathematical methods KW - Africa KW - Sahara KW - meteorology KW - uncertainty KW - supply-demand drought index KW - climate KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696877673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=A+multi-model+and+multi-index+evaluation+of+drought+characteristics+in+the+21st+century&rft.au=Touma%2C+Danielle%3BAshfaq%2C+Moetasim%3BNayak%2C+Munir+A%3BKao%2C+Shih-Chieh%3BDiffenbaugh%2C+Noah+S&rft.aulast=Touma&rft.aufirst=Danielle&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=526&rft.issue=&rft.spage=196&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2014.12.011 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; climate; climate change; CMIP5 model; drought; mathematical methods; meteorology; models; rainfall; Sahara; sensitivity analysis; standardized precipitation index; standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index; standardized runoff index; supply-demand drought index; uncertainty DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.12.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic interplay between uranyl phosphate precipitation, sorption, and phase evolution AN - 1696873339; 2015-069898 AB - Natural examples demonstrate uranyl-phosphate minerals can maintain extremely low levels of aqueous uranium in groundwaters due to their low solubility. Therefore, greater understanding of the geochemical factors leading to uranyl phosphate precipitation may lead to successful application of phosphate-based remediation methods. However, the solubility of uranyl phosphate phases varies over >3 orders of magnitude, with the most soluble phases typically observed in lab experiments. To understand the role of common soil/sediment mineral surfaces in the nucleation and transformation of uranyl phosphate minerals under environmentally relevant conditions, batch experiments were carried out with goethite and mica at pH 6 in mixed electrolyte solutions ranging from 1-800 mu M U and 1-800 mu M P. All experiments ended with uranium concentrations below the USEPA MCL for U, but with 2-3 orders of magnitude difference in uranium concentrations. Despite the presence of many cations that are well known to incorporate into less soluble autunite-group minerals, chernikovite rapidly precipitated in all experiments containing U and P, except for solutions with 1 mu M U and 1 mu M P that were calculated to be undersaturated. Textures of uranyl phosphates observed by AFM and TEM indicate that nucleation was homogenous and independent of the initial mineral content. Comparison of time-course U and P concentrations from the experiments with thermodynamic modeling of solution equilibria demonstrated that aqueous uranium concentrations in the experimental systems evolved as increasingly sparingly soluble uranyl phosphate phases nucleated over time, with sorption accelerating the transition between phases by influencing solution chemistry. Aqueous uranium concentrations consistent with partially dehydrated (meta-) autunite were achieved only in experiments containing goethite and/or mica. These dynamic nucleation-growth-sorption-nucleation-growth-sorption cycles occur over the time scales of weeks, not hours or days at room temperature. Lab experiments and field-based investigations of uranium phosphate should consider these or longer time scales for the greatest long-term relevance. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Munasinghe, P Sumudu AU - Elwood Madden, Megan E AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Elwood Madden, Andrew S Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 147 EP - 160 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 58 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - sorption KW - goethite KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - government agencies KW - aqueous solutions KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - electron probe data KW - environmental management KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - water-rock interaction KW - phase equilibria KW - oxides KW - thermodynamic properties KW - heterogeneity KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - uranyl ion KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - standardization KW - electron microscopy data KW - phosphates KW - TEM data KW - models KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - uranium KW - crystal chemistry KW - actinides KW - SEM data KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696873339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Dynamic+interplay+between+uranyl+phosphate+precipitation%2C+sorption%2C+and+phase+evolution&rft.au=Munasinghe%2C+P+Sumudu%3BElwood+Madden%2C+Megan+E%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BElwood+Madden%2C+Andrew+S&rft.aulast=Munasinghe&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2015.04.008 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aqueous solutions; atomic force microscopy data; crystal chemistry; electron microscopy data; electron probe data; environmental management; experimental studies; goethite; government agencies; ground water; heterogeneity; metals; models; oxides; pH; phase equilibria; phosphates; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; remediation; SEM data; simulation; sorption; standardization; TEM data; thermodynamic properties; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; uranium; uranyl ion; water pollution; water-rock interaction; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.04.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of an activation-tagged mutant uncovers a role of GLABRA2 in anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. AN - 1694962380; 26017690 AB - In Arabidopsis, anthocyanin biosynthesis is controlled by a MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) transcriptional activator complex. The MBW complex activates the transcription of late biosynthesis genes in the flavonoid pathway, leading to the production of anthocyanins. A similar MBW complex regulates epidermal cell fate by activating the transcription of GLABRA2 (GL2), a homeodomain transcription factor required for trichome formation in shoots and non-hair cell formation in roots. Here we provide experimental evidence to show that GL2 also plays a role in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. From an activation-tagged mutagenized population of Arabidopsis plants, we isolated a dominant, gain-of-function mutant with reduced anthocyanins. Molecular cloning revealed that this phenotype is caused by an elevated expression of GL2, thus the mutant was named gl2-1D. Consistent with the view that GL2 acts as a negative regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, gl2-1D seedlings accumulated less whereas gl2-3 seedlings accumulated more anthocyanins in response to sucrose. Gene expression analysis indicated that expression of late, but not early, biosynthesis genes in the flavonoid pathway was dramatically reduced in gl2-1D but elevated in gl2-3 mutants. Further analysis showed that expression of some MBW component genes involved in the regulation of late biosynthesis genes was reduced in gl2-1D but elevated in gl2-3 mutants, and chromatin immunoprecipitation results indicated that some MBW component genes are targets of GL2. We also showed that GL2 functions as a transcriptional repressor. Taken together, these results indicate that GL2 negatively regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis by directly repressing the expression of some MBW component genes. JF - The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology AU - Wang, Xiaoyu AU - Wang, Xianling AU - Hu, Qingnan AU - Dai, Xuemei AU - Tian, Hainan AU - Zheng, Kaijie AU - Wang, Xiaoping AU - Mao, Tonglin AU - Chen, Jin-Gui AU - Wang, Shucai AD - Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE & Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China. ; State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Plant Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China. ; Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 300 EP - 311 VL - 83 IS - 2 KW - Anthocyanins KW - 0 KW - Arabidopsis Proteins KW - GL2 protein, Arabidopsis KW - Homeodomain Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - transcription factor KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - flavonoid KW - anthocyanin KW - GLABRA2 KW - Genes, Reporter KW - Genes, Plant KW - Arabidopsis -- genetics KW - Arabidopsis -- metabolism KW - Homeodomain Proteins -- genetics KW - Arabidopsis Proteins -- genetics KW - Homeodomain Proteins -- physiology KW - Arabidopsis Proteins -- physiology KW - Anthocyanins -- biosynthesis KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1694962380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Plant+journal+%3A+for+cell+and+molecular+biology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+an+activation-tagged+mutant+uncovers+a+role+of+GLABRA2+in+anthocyanin+biosynthesis+in+Arabidopsis.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Xiaoyu%3BWang%2C+Xianling%3BHu%2C+Qingnan%3BDai%2C+Xuemei%3BTian%2C+Hainan%3BZheng%2C+Kaijie%3BWang%2C+Xiaoping%3BMao%2C+Tonglin%3BChen%2C+Jin-Gui%3BWang%2C+Shucai&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Xiaoyu&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=300&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Plant+journal+%3A+for+cell+and+molecular+biology&rft.issn=1365-313X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Ftpj.12887 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-04-05 N1 - Date created - 2015-07-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tpj.12887 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extrapolating Dynamic Leidenfrost Principles to Metallic Nanodroplets on Asymmetrically Textured Surfaces. AN - 1692753504; 26123648 AB - In an effort to enhance our knowledge on how to control the movement of metallic nanodroplets, here we have used classical molecular dynamics simulations to investigate whether Cu nanostructures deposited on nanopillared substrates can be made to jump at desired angles. We find that such control is possible, especially for Cu nanostructures that are symmetric; for asymmetric nanostructures, however, control is more uncertain. The work presented here borrows ideas from two seemingly different fields, metallic droplets and water droplets in the dynamic Leidenfrost regime. Despite the differences in the respective systems, we find common ground in their behavior on nanostructured surfaces. Due to this, we suggest that the ongoing research in Leidenfrost droplets is a fertile area for scientists working on metallic nanodroplets. JF - Scientific reports AU - Horne, Joseph E AU - Lavrik, Nickolay V AU - Terrones, Humberto AU - Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel AD - Department of Physics, Applied Physics &Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, 12180 NY, USA. ; Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. ; 1] Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA [2] Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. Y1 - 2015/06/30/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 30 SP - 11769 VL - 5 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692753504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Extrapolating+Dynamic+Leidenfrost+Principles+to+Metallic+Nanodroplets+on+Asymmetrically+Textured+Surfaces.&rft.au=Horne%2C+Joseph+E%3BLavrik%2C+Nickolay+V%3BTerrones%2C+Humberto%3BFuentes-Cabrera%2C+Miguel&rft.aulast=Horne&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2015-06-30&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=11769&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep11769 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: ACS Nano. 2014 Apr 22;8(4):3192-201 [24597847] Small. 2010 Feb 5;6(3):338-45 [20013944] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep11769 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Facile Solvothermal Synthesis of Octahedral Fe3 O4 Nanoparticles. AN - 1687361217; 25620676 AB - Anisotropic Fe3 O4 octahedrons are obtained via a simple solvothermal synthesis with appropriate sizes for various technological applications. A complete suite of materials characterization methods confirms the magnetite phase for these structures, which exhibit substantial saturation magnetization and intriguing morphologies for a wide range of applications. JF - Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) AU - Ooi, Frances AU - DuChene, Joseph S AU - Qiu, Jingjing AU - Graham, Jeremy O AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Cao, Guixin AU - Gai, Zheng AU - Wei, Wei David AD - Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanostructured Electronic Materials, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA. ; Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA. ; Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. Y1 - 2015/06/10/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 10 SP - 2649 EP - 2653 VL - 11 IS - 22 KW - magnetic nanoparticles KW - Fe3O4 KW - anisotropic nanostructures KW - magnetite UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1687361217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Small+%28Weinheim+an+der+Bergstrasse%2C+Germany%29&rft.atitle=A+Facile+Solvothermal+Synthesis+of+Octahedral+Fe3+O4+Nanoparticles.&rft.au=Ooi%2C+Frances%3BDuChene%2C+Joseph+S%3BQiu%2C+Jingjing%3BGraham%2C+Jeremy+O%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BCao%2C+Guixin%3BGai%2C+Zheng%3BWei%2C+Wei+David&rft.aulast=Ooi&rft.aufirst=Frances&rft.date=2015-06-10&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=2649&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Small+%28Weinheim+an+der+Bergstrasse%2C+Germany%29&rft.issn=1613-6829&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fsmll.201401954 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-09-15 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201401954 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent advances in carbon nanospheres: synthetic routes and applications. AN - 1682887111; 25871563 AB - Carbon-based materials are the most popular material types in both fundamental research and industrial applications, partly because of their well-controlled nano-morphologies. In the past two decades, we have witnessed a number of breakthroughs in carbon research: fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and more recently graphene. Nowadays, carbon nanospheres are attracting more and more attention worldwide due to their excellent performance in various fields: drug delivery, heterogeneous catalysis, encapsulation of support and electrode materials. Actually, spherical carbon is an old material, whereas controlling carbon spheres in the nanometer range is a recent story. In the past 5 years, it has become possible to precisely control the particle size, surface area, pore size, chemical composition, and dispersity of carbon nanospheres. Toward this end, a number of synthetic strategies are emerging, such as hydrothermal carbonization of biomass-based resources, extended Stöber synthesis, and organic-organic self-assembly via different binding methods. In this feature article, we summarize recent routes for carbon nanospheres and briefly touch on their applications to shed light on the potential of this field. Throughout this article, a special emphasis is placed on the possible modulation of spherical structures at the nanoscale, and we wish to inspire many more designs and applications of carbon nanostructures in the near future. JF - Chemical communications (Cambridge, England) AU - Zhang, Pengfei AU - Qiao, Zhen-An AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA. dais@ornl.gov. Y1 - 2015/06/07/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 07 SP - 9246 EP - 9256 VL - 51 IS - 45 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1682887111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+communications+%28Cambridge%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Recent+advances+in+carbon+nanospheres%3A+synthetic+routes+and+applications.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Pengfei%3BQiao%2C+Zhen-An%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Pengfei&rft.date=2015-06-07&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=45&rft.spage=9246&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+communications+%28Cambridge%2C+England%29&rft.issn=1364-548X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5cc01759a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-07-27 N1 - Date created - 2015-05-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc01759a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - When will Low-Contrast Features be Visible in a STEM X-Ray Spectrum Image? AN - 1846411989; PQ0003836012 AB - When will a small or low-contrast feature, such as an embedded second-phase particle, be visible in a scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) X-ray map? This work illustrates a computationally inexpensive method to simulate X-ray maps and spectrum images (SIs), based upon the equations of X-ray generation and detection. To particularize the general procedure, an example of nanostructured ferritic alloy (NFA) containing nm-sized Y sub(2)Ti sub(2)O sub(7) embedded precipitates in ferritic stainless steel matrix is chosen. The proposed model produces physically appearing simulated SI data sets, which can either be reduced to X-ray dot maps or analyzed via multivariate statistical analysis. Comparison to NFA X-ray maps acquired using three different STEM instruments match the generated simulations quite well, despite the large number of simplifying assumptions used. A figure of merit of electron dose multiplied by X-ray collection solid angle is proposed to compare feature detectability from one data set (simulated or experimental) to another. The proposed method can scope experiments that are feasible under specific analysis conditions on a given microscope. Future applications, such as spallation proton-neutron irradiations, core-shell nanoparticles, or dopants in polycrystalline photovoltaic solar cells, are proposed. JF - Microscopy and Microanalysis AU - Parish, Chad M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Radiation Effects and Microstructural Analysis Group, 1 Bethel Valley Road, MS6064 Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, parishcm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 706 EP - 724 PB - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU United Kingdom VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 1431-9276, 1431-9276 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Mathematical models KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Microscopes KW - Statistical analysis KW - alloys KW - nanoparticles KW - stainless steel KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846411989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microscopy+and+Microanalysis&rft.atitle=When+will+Low-Contrast+Features+be+Visible+in+a+STEM+X-Ray+Spectrum+Image%3F&rft.au=Parish%2C+Chad+M&rft.aulast=Parish&rft.aufirst=Chad&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=706&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microscopy+and+Microanalysis&rft.issn=14319276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS1431927615000215 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Data processing; Microscopes; Transmission electron microscopy; Ionizing radiation; Statistical analysis; alloys; nanoparticles; stainless steel DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1431927615000215 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogen permeation in FeCrAl alloys for LWR cladding application AN - 1762380583; PQ0002441407 AB - FeCrAl, an advanced oxidation-resistant iron-based alloy class, is a highly prevalent candidate as an accident-tolerant fuel cladding material. Compared with traditional zirconium alloy fuel cladding, increased tritium permeation through FeCrAl fuel cladding to the primary coolant is expected, raising potential safety concerns. In this study, the hydrogen permeability of several FeCrAl alloys was obtained using a static permeation test station, which was calibrated and validated using 304 stainless steel. The high hydrogen permeability of FeCrAl alloys leads to concerns with respect to potentially significant tritium release when used for fuel cladding in LWRs. The total tritium inventory inside the primary coolant of a light water reactor was quantified by applying a 1-dimensional steady state tritium diffusion model to demonstrate the dependence of tritium inventory on fuel cladding type. Furthermore, potential mitigation strategies for tritium release from FeCrAl fuel cladding were discussed and indicate the potential for application of an alumina layer on the inner clad surface to serve as a tritium barrier. More effort is required to develop a robust, economical mitigation strategy for tritium permeation in reactors using FeCrAl clad fuel assemblies. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Hu, Xunxiang AU - Terrani, Kurt A AU - Wirth, Brian D AU - Snead, Lance L AD - Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 282 EP - 291 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 461 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Austenitic stainless steels KW - 304 KW - Mitigation KW - Fuels KW - Safety KW - Zirconium KW - Hydrogen KW - Permeability KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Tritium KW - Radioactive materials KW - Economics KW - Alloys KW - Diffusion KW - Steel KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1762380583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Hydrogen+permeation+in+FeCrAl+alloys+for+LWR+cladding+application&rft.au=Hu%2C+Xunxiang%3BTerrani%2C+Kurt+A%3BWirth%2C+Brian+D%3BSnead%2C+Lance+L&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Xunxiang&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=461&rft.issue=&rft.spage=282&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2015.02.040 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mitigation; Fuels; Safety; Zirconium; Hydrogen; Permeability; Nuclear reactors; Tritium; Economics; Radioactive materials; Alloys; Diffusion; Steel DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.02.040 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observations of Ag diffusion in ion implanted SiC AN - 1762363088; PQ0002441410 AB - The nature and magnitude of Ag diffusion in SiC has been a topic of interest in connection with the performance of tristructural isotropic (TRISO) coated particle fuel for high temperature gas-cooled nuclear reactors. Ion implantation diffusion couples have been revisited to continue developing a more complete understanding of Ag fission product diffusion in SiC. Ion implantation diffusion couples fabricated from single crystal 4H-SiC and polycrystalline 3C-SiC substrates and exposed to 1500-1625[degrees]C, were investigated by transmission electron microscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The high dynamic range of SIMS allowed for multiple diffusion regimes to be investigated, including enhanced diffusion by implantation-induced defects and grain boundary (GB) diffusion in undamaged SiC. Estimated diffusion coefficients suggest GB diffusion in bulk SiC does not properly describe the release observed from TRISO fuel. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Gerczak, Tyler J AU - Leng, Bin AU - Sridharan, Kumar AU - Hunter, Jerry L AU - Giordani, Andrew J AU - Allen, Todd R AD - Materials Science Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA, gerczaktj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 314 EP - 324 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 461 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Fuels KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Particulates KW - Crystals KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Fission products KW - Nuclear reactors KW - High temperature KW - Microscopy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Grain KW - Boundaries KW - Diffusion KW - Diffusion coefficient KW - Grains KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1762363088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Observations+of+Ag+diffusion+in+ion+implanted+SiC&rft.au=Gerczak%2C+Tyler+J%3BLeng%2C+Bin%3BSridharan%2C+Kumar%3BHunter%2C+Jerry+L%3BGiordani%2C+Andrew+J%3BAllen%2C+Todd+R&rft.aulast=Gerczak&rft.aufirst=Tyler&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=461&rft.issue=&rft.spage=314&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2015.03.027 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Transmission electron microscopy; Fuels; Boundaries; Grain; Crystals; Diffusion coefficient; Mass spectroscopy; Fission products; Nuclear reactors; High temperature; Radioactive materials; Microscopy; Mass spectrometry; Diffusion; Particulates; Grains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.03.027 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global patterns and controls of soil organic carbon dynamics as simulated by multiple terrestrial biosphere models; current status and future directions AN - 1722156673; 2015-099155 AB - Soil is the largest organic carbon (C) pool of terrestrial ecosystems, and C loss from soil accounts for a large proportion of land-atmosphere C exchange. Therefore, a small change in soil organic C (SOC) can affect atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) concentration and climate change. In the past decades, a wide variety of studies have been conducted to quantify global SOC stocks and soil C exchange with the atmosphere through site measurements, inventories, and empirical/process-based modeling. However, these estimates are highly uncertain, and identifying major driving forces controlling soil C dynamics remains a key research challenge. This study has compiled century-long (1901-2010) estimates of SOC storage and heterotrophic respiration (Rh) from 10 terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) in the Multi-scale Synthesis and Terrestrial Model Intercomparison Project and two observation-based data sets. The 10 TBM ensemble shows that global SOC estimate ranges from 425 to 2111 Pg C (1 Pg = 10 (super 15) g) with a median value of 1158 Pg C in 2010. The models estimate a broad range of Rh from 35 to 69 Pg C yr (super -1) with a median value of 51 Pg C yr (super -1) during 2001-2010. The largest uncertainty in SOC stocks exists in the 40-65 degrees N latitude whereas the largest cross-model divergence in Rh are in the tropics. The modeled SOC change during 1901-2010 ranges from -70 Pg C to 86 Pg C, but in some models the SOC change has a different sign from the change of total C stock, implying very different contribution of vegetation and soil pools in determining the terrestrial C budget among models. The model ensemble-estimated mean residence time of SOC shows a reduction of 3.4 years over the past century, which accelerate C cycling through the land biosphere. All the models agreed that climate and land use changes decreased SOC stocks, while elevated atmospheric CO (sub 2) and nitrogen deposition over intact ecosystems increased SOC stocks-even though the responses varied significantly among models. Model representations of temperature and moisture sensitivity, nutrient limitation, and land use partially explain the divergent estimates of global SOC stocks and soil C fluxes in this study. In addition, a major source of systematic error in model estimations relates to nonmodeled SOC storage in wetlands and peatlands, as well as to old C storage in deep soil layers. Abstract Copyright (2015), . The Authors. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Tian, Hanqin AU - Lu, Chaoqun AU - Yang, Jia AU - Banger, Kamaljit AU - Huntzinger, Deborah N AU - Schwalm, Christopher R AU - Michalak, Anna M AU - Cook, Robert AU - Ciais, Philippe AU - Hayes, Daniel AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Ito, Akihiko AU - Jain, Atul K AU - Lei, Huimin AU - Mao, Jiafu AU - Pan, Shufen AU - Post, Wilfred M AU - Peng, Shushi AU - Poulter, Benjamin AU - Ren, Wei AU - Ricciuto, Daniel AU - Schaefer, Kevin AU - Shi, Xiaoying AU - Tao, Bo AU - Wang, Weile AU - Wei, Yaxing AU - Yang, Qichun AU - Zhang, Bowen AU - Zeng, Ning Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 775 EP - 792 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - soils KW - respiration KW - peatlands KW - terrestrial environment KW - numerical models KW - ecosystems KW - nitrogen KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - nitrogen cycle KW - controls KW - mires KW - dynamics KW - carbon KW - biosphere KW - residence time KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - uncertainty KW - storage KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722156673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Global+patterns+and+controls+of+soil+organic+carbon+dynamics+as+simulated+by+multiple+terrestrial+biosphere+models%3B+current+status+and+future+directions&rft.au=Tian%2C+Hanqin%3BLu%2C+Chaoqun%3BYang%2C+Jia%3BBanger%2C+Kamaljit%3BHuntzinger%2C+Deborah+N%3BSchwalm%2C+Christopher+R%3BMichalak%2C+Anna+M%3BCook%2C+Robert%3BCiais%2C+Philippe%3BHayes%2C+Daniel%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BIto%2C+Akihiko%3BJain%2C+Atul+K%3BLei%2C+Huimin%3BMao%2C+Jiafu%3BPan%2C+Shufen%3BPost%2C+Wilfred+M%3BPeng%2C+Shushi%3BPoulter%2C+Benjamin%3BRen%2C+Wei%3BRicciuto%2C+Daniel%3BSchaefer%2C+Kevin%3BShi%2C+Xiaoying%3BTao%2C+Bo%3BWang%2C+Weile%3BWei%2C+Yaxing%3BYang%2C+Qichun%3BZhang%2C+Bowen%3BZeng%2C+Ning&rft.aulast=Tian&rft.aufirst=Hanqin&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=775&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014GB005021 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biosphere; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; controls; dynamics; ecosystems; geochemical cycle; mires; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; numerical models; organic carbon; peatlands; residence time; respiration; soils; storage; terrestrial environment; uncertainty DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GB005021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multicentury changes in ocean and land contributions to the climate-carbon feedback AN - 1722156348; 2015-099153 AB - Improved constraints on carbon cycle responses to climate change are needed to inform mitigation policy, yet our understanding of how these responses may evolve after 2100 remains highly uncertain. Using the Community Earth System Model (v1.0), we quantified climate-carbon feedbacks from 1850 to 2300 for the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 and its extension. In three simulations, land and ocean biogeochemical processes experienced the same trajectory of increasing atmospheric CO (sub 2) . Each simulation had a different degree of radiative coupling for CO (sub 2) and other greenhouse gases and aerosols, enabling diagnosis of feedbacks. In a fully coupled simulation, global mean surface air temperature increased by 9.3 K from 1850 to 2300, with 4.4 K of this warming occurring after 2100. Excluding CO (sub 2) , warming from other greenhouse gases and aerosols was 1.6 K by 2300, near a 2 K target needed to avoid dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Ocean contributions to the climate-carbon feedback increased considerably over time and exceeded contributions from land after 2100. The sensitivity of ocean carbon to climate change was found to be proportional to changes in ocean heat content, as a consequence of this heat modifying transport pathways for anthropogenic CO (sub 2) inflow and solubility of dissolved inorganic carbon. By 2300, climate change reduced cumulative ocean uptake by 330 Pg C, from 1410 Pg C to 1080 Pg C. Land fluxes similarly diverged over time, with climate change reducing stocks by 232 Pg C. Regional influence of climate change on carbon stocks was largest in the North Atlantic Ocean and tropical forests of South America. Our analysis suggests that after 2100, oceans may become as important as terrestrial ecosystems in regulating the magnitude of the climate-carbon feedback. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Randerson, J T AU - Lindsay, K AU - Munoz, E AU - Fu, W AU - Moore, J K AU - Hoffman, F M AU - Mahowald, N M AU - Doney, S C Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 744 EP - 759 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - ocean circulation KW - terrestrial environment KW - numerical models KW - human activity KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - climate change KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - feedback KW - biogenic processes KW - stratification KW - carbon KW - greenhouse gases KW - carbon cycle KW - North Atlantic KW - world ocean KW - climate KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - productivity KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722156348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Multicentury+changes+in+ocean+and+land+contributions+to+the+climate-carbon+feedback&rft.au=Randerson%2C+J+T%3BLindsay%2C+K%3BMunoz%2C+E%3BFu%2C+W%3BMoore%2C+J+K%3BHoffman%2C+F+M%3BMahowald%2C+N+M%3BDoney%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Randerson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=744&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014GB005079 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; biogenic processes; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; ecosystems; feedback; geochemical cycle; global change; global warming; greenhouse gases; human activity; North Atlantic; numerical models; ocean circulation; productivity; stratification; terrestrial environment; world ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GB005079 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Black carbon aerosol-induced Northern Hemisphere tropical expansion AN - 1705073404; PQ0001771703 AB - Global climate models (GCMs) underestimate the observed trend in tropical expansion. Recent studies partly attribute it to black carbon (BC) aerosols, which are poorly represented in GCMs. We conduct a suite of idealized experiments with the Community Atmosphere Model version 4 coupled to a slab ocean model forced with increasing BC concentrations covering a large swath of the estimated range of current BC radiative forcing while maintaining their spatial distribution. The Northern Hemisphere (NH) tropics expand poleward nearly linearly as BC radiative forcing increases (0.7 degree W super(-1)m super(2)), indicating that a realistic representation of BC could reduce GCM biases. We find support for the mechanism where BC-induced midlatitude tropospheric heating shifts the maximum meridional tropospheric temperature gradient poleward resulting in tropical expansion. We also find that the NH poleward tropical edge is nearly linearly correlated with the location of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, which shifts northward in response to increasing BC. Key Points * NH tropical expansion linearly increases with BC forcing * BC-induced midlatitude warming results in NH tropical expansion * NH tropical expansion is linearly related to the location of ITCZ JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Kovilakam, Mahesh AU - Mahajan, Salil AD - Computational Earth Sciences Group and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 4964 EP - 4972 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 42 IS - 12 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Spatial distribution KW - Ocean models KW - AS, Atlantic, Intertropical Convergence Zone KW - Intertropical Convergence Zone KW - Black carbon aerosols KW - Expansion KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Atmospheric circulation-oceanic circulation coupled models KW - Temperature Gradient KW - Atmosphere KW - Radiative forcing KW - Carbon KW - Air-sea coupling KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Modelling KW - Marine KW - Aerosols KW - Climate models KW - Slabs KW - Climates KW - Troposphere KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Ocean currents KW - Global climate KW - Oceans KW - General circulation models KW - Tropical environment KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Tropospheric temperatures KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.46:General (551.46) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705073404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Black+carbon+aerosol-induced+Northern+Hemisphere+tropical+expansion&rft.au=Kovilakam%2C+Mahesh%3BMahajan%2C+Salil&rft.aulast=Kovilakam&rft.aufirst=Mahesh&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4964&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL064559 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aerosols; Carbon; Air-sea coupling; Tropical environment; Atmospheric forcing; Ocean-atmosphere system; Troposphere; Atmospheric circulation; Modelling; Ocean currents; Global climate; Climate models; Radiative forcing; Spatial distribution; Ocean models; General circulation models; Intertropical Convergence Zone; Black carbon aerosols; Atmospheric circulation-oceanic circulation coupled models; Tropospheric temperatures; Slabs; Oceans; Climates; Spatial Distribution; Expansion; Atmosphere; Temperature Gradient; AS, Atlantic, Intertropical Convergence Zone; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064559 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of quartz overgrowth precipitation on the multiscale porosity of sandstone; a (U)SANS and imaging analysis AN - 1696873163; 2015-069875 AB - We have performed a series of experiments to understand the effects of quartz overgrowths on nanometer to centimeter scale pore structures of sandstones. Blocks from two samples of St. Peter Sandstone with different initial porosities (5.8% and 18.3%) were reacted from 3 days to 7.5 months at 100 and 200 degrees C in aqueous solutions supersaturated with respect to quartz by reaction with amorphous silica. Porosity in the resultant samples was analyzed using small and ultrasmall angle neutron scattering and scanning electron microscope/backscattered electron (SEM/BSE)-based image-scale processing techniques. Significant changes were observed in the multiscale pore structures. By 3 days much of the overgrowth in the low-porosity sample dissolved away. The reason for this is uncertain, but the overgrowths can be clearly distinguished from the original core grains in the BSE images. At longer times the larger pores are observed to fill with plate-like precipitates. As with the unreacted sandstones, porosity is a step function of size. Grain boundaries are typically fractal, but no evidence of mass fractal or fuzzy interface behavior was observed suggesting a structural difference between chemical and clastic sediments. After the initial loss of the overgrowths, image scale porosity (> approximately 1 cm) decreases with time. Submicron porosity (typically approximately 25% of the total) is relatively constant or slightly decreasing in absolute terms, but the percent change is significant. Fractal dimensions decrease at larger scales, and increase at smaller scales with increased precipitation. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Cole, David R AU - Jackson, Andrew J AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Littrell, Kenneth C AU - Allard, Lawrence F AU - Pollington, Anthony D AU - Wesolowski, David J Y1 - 2015/06/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 01 SP - 199 EP - 222 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 158 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - silica minerals KW - Middle Ordovician KW - sandstone KW - petroleum KW - crystal growth KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - Ordovician KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - grain boundaries KW - retention KW - framework silicates KW - Saint Peter Sandstone KW - pH KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - textures KW - Paleozoic KW - electron microscopy data KW - migration of elements KW - TEM data KW - porosity KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - saturation KW - precipitation KW - mathematical methods KW - quartz KW - clastic rocks KW - SEM data KW - backscattering KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696873163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Effect+of+quartz+overgrowth+precipitation+on+the+multiscale+porosity+of+sandstone%3B+a+%28U%29SANS+and+imaging+analysis&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BJackson%2C+Andrew+J%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BLittrell%2C+Kenneth+C%3BAllard%2C+Lawrence+F%3BPollington%2C+Anthony+D%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=158&rft.issue=&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.01.028 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; backscattering; chemically precipitated rocks; clastic rocks; crystal growth; electron microscopy data; framework silicates; grain boundaries; ground water; mathematical methods; Middle Ordovician; migration of elements; Ordovician; Paleozoic; petroleum; pH; physical properties; porosity; precipitation; quartz; reservoir rocks; retention; Saint Peter Sandstone; sandstone; saturation; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; silica minerals; silicates; TEM data; textures; water-rock interaction; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.01.028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Insights into the structure of mixed CO (sub 2) /CH (sub 4) in gas hydrates AN - 1692746884; 2015-065523 AB - The exchange of carbon dioxide for methane in natural gas hydrates is an attractive approach to harvesting CH (sub 4) for energy production while simultaneously sequestering CO (sub 2) . In addition to the energy and environmental implications, the solid solution of clathrate hydrate (CH (sub 4) ) (sub 1-x) (CO (sub 2) ) (sub x) .5.75H (sub 2) O provides a model system to study how the distinct bonding and shapes of CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) influence the structure and properties of the compound. High-resolution neutron diffraction was used to examine mixed CO (sub 2) /CH (sub 4) gas hydrates. CO (sub 2) -rich hydrates had smaller lattice parameters, which were attributed to the higher affinity of the CO (sub 2) molecule interacting with H (sub 2) O molecules that form the surrounding cages, and resulted in a reduction in the unit-cell volume. Experimental nuclear scattering densities illustrate how the cage occupants and energy landscape change with composition. These results provide important insights on the impact and mechanisms for the structure of mixed CH (sub 4) /CO (sub 2) gas hydrate. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Everett, S Michelle AU - Rawn, Claudia J AU - Chakoumakos, Bryan C AU - Keffer, David J AU - Huq, Ashfia AU - Phelps, Tommy J Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 1203 EP - 1208 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 100 IS - 5-6 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - water KW - methane KW - carbon sequestration KW - lattice KW - gas hydrates KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - unit cell KW - petroleum KW - alkanes KW - Rietveld refinement KW - clathrates KW - carbon dioxide KW - organic compounds KW - neutron diffraction data KW - hydrocarbons KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692746884?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Insights+into+the+structure+of+mixed+CO+%28sub+2%29+%2FCH+%28sub+4%29+in+gas+hydrates&rft.au=Everett%2C+S+Michelle%3BRawn%2C+Claudia+J%3BChakoumakos%2C+Bryan+C%3BKeffer%2C+David+J%3BHuq%2C+Ashfia%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J&rft.aulast=Everett&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=1203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam-2015-4929 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clathrates; gas hydrates; hydrocarbons; lattice; methane; neutron diffraction data; organic compounds; petroleum; Rietveld refinement; unit cell; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2015-4929 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrite Control over Dissimilatory Nitrate/Nitrite Reduction Pathways in Shewanella loihica Strain PV-4. AN - 1675876715; 25769828 AB - Shewanella loihica strain PV-4 harbors both a functional denitrification (NO3 (-)→N2) and a respiratory ammonification (NO3 (-)→NH4 (+)) pathway. Batch and chemostat experiments revealed that NO2 (-) affects pathway selection and the formation of reduced products. Strain PV-4 cells grown with NO2 (-) as the sole electron acceptor produced exclusively NH4 (+). With NO3 (-) as the electron acceptor, denitrification predominated and N2O accounted for ∼90% of reduced products in the presence of acetylene. Chemostat experiments demonstrated that the NO2 (-):NO3 (-) ratio affected the distribution of reduced products, and respiratory ammonification dominated at high NO2 (-):NO3 (-) ratios, whereas low NO2 (-):NO3 (-) ratios favored denitrification. The NO2 (-):NO3 (-) ratios affected nirK transcript abundance, a measure of denitrification activity, in the chemostat experiments, and cells grown at a NO2 (-):NO3 (-) ratio of 3 had ∼37-fold fewer nirK transcripts per cell than cells grown with NO3 (-) as the sole electron acceptor. In contrast, the transcription of nrfA, implicated in NO2 (-)-to-NH4 (+) reduction, remained statistically unchanged under continuous cultivation conditions at NO2 (-):NO3 (-) ratios below 3. At NO2 (-):NO3 (-) ratios above 3, both nirK and nrfA transcript numbers decreased and the chemostat culture washed out, presumably due to NO2 (-) toxicity. These findings implicate NO2 (-) as a relevant modulator of NO3 (-) fate in S. loihica strain PV-4, and, by extension, suggest that NO2 (-) is a relevant determinant for N retention (i.e., ammonification) versus N loss and greenhouse gas emission (i.e., denitrification). JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Yoon, Sukhwan AU - Sanford, Robert A AU - Löffler, Frank E AD - Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea syoon80@kaist.ac.kr frank.loeffler@utk.edu. ; Department of Geology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA. ; Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (UT-ORNL) Joint Institute for Biological Sciences (JIBS) and Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA syoon80@kaist.ac.kr frank.loeffler@utk.edu. Y1 - 2015/05/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 15 SP - 3510 EP - 3517 VL - 81 IS - 10 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Nitrates KW - Nitrites KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - Denitrification KW - Bacterial Proteins -- metabolism KW - Shewanella -- metabolism KW - Nitrites -- metabolism KW - Nitrates -- metabolism KW - Shewanella -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1675876715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Nitrite+Control+over+Dissimilatory+Nitrate%2FNitrite+Reduction+Pathways+in+Shewanella+loihica+Strain+PV-4.&rft.au=Yoon%2C+Sukhwan%3BSanford%2C+Robert+A%3BL%C3%B6ffler%2C+Frank+E&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Sukhwan&rft.date=2015-05-15&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3510&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=1098-5336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.00688-15 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-01-15 N1 - Date created - 2015-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: ISME J. 2007 May;1(1):19-27 [18043610] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Mar;73(5):1420-4 [17209072] Environ Microbiol. 2008 Nov;10(11):3070-81 [18312398] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Nov 27;109(48):19709-14 [23150571] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2013 Jan;79(1):168-76 [23087029] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2013 Apr;79(8):2818-22 [23396327] Science. 2014 Aug 8;345(6197):676-9 [25104387] Chemosphere. 2003 Feb;50(6):747-53 [12688486] J Bacteriol. 2000 Oct;182(20):5813-22 [11004182] ISME J. 2015 May;9(5):1093-104 [25350157] Bioinformatics. 2004 Mar 22;20(5):798-9 [14752001] J Bacteriol. 1964 May;87(5):993-8 [5874549] Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1982;48(6):569-83 [6762848] Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1994;66(1-3):89-110 [7747942] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Jul;71(7):3866-71 [16000799] Biochem Soc Trans. 2006 Feb;34(Pt 1):104-7 [16417494] Environ Microbiol. 2006 Aug;8(8):1487-95 [16872410] Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2006 Aug;56(Pt 8):1911-6 [16902030] J Bacteriol. 2007 Jan;189(2):656-62 [17098906] Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Aug 1;42(15):5718-26 [18754499] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00688-15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-omics of permafrost, active layer and thermokarst bog soil microbiomes AN - 1692747347; 2015-061869 JF - Nature (London) AU - Hultman, Jenni AU - Waldrop, Mark P AU - Mackelprang, Rachel AU - David, Maude M AU - McFarland, Jack AU - Blazewicz, Steven J AU - Harden, Jennifer AU - Turetsky, Merritt R AU - McGuire, A David AU - Shah, Manesh B AU - VerBerkmoes, Nathan C AU - Lee, Lang Ho AU - Mavrommatis, Kostas AU - Jansson, Janet K Y1 - 2015/05/14/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 14 SP - 208 EP - 212 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 521 IS - 7551 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - soils KW - permafrost KW - methane KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - alkanes KW - genetics KW - genesis KW - organic compounds KW - mires KW - biogenic processes KW - nucleic acids KW - carbon KW - thermokarst KW - hydrocarbons KW - DNA KW - active layer KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - bogs KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692747347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Multi-omics+of+permafrost%2C+active+layer+and+thermokarst+bog+soil+microbiomes&rft.au=Hultman%2C+Jenni%3BWaldrop%2C+Mark+P%3BMackelprang%2C+Rachel%3BDavid%2C+Maude+M%3BMcFarland%2C+Jack%3BBlazewicz%2C+Steven+J%3BHarden%2C+Jennifer%3BTuretsky%2C+Merritt+R%3BMcGuire%2C+A+David%3BShah%2C+Manesh+B%3BVerBerkmoes%2C+Nathan+C%3BLee%2C+Lang+Ho%3BMavrommatis%2C+Kostas%3BJansson%2C+Janet+K&rft.aulast=Hultman&rft.aufirst=Jenni&rft.date=2015-05-14&rft.volume=521&rft.issue=7551&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature14238 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; biogenic processes; bogs; carbon; DNA; genesis; genetics; geochemistry; hydrocarbons; methane; microorganisms; mires; nucleic acids; organic compounds; permafrost; soils; thermokarst DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14238 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A New Equivalence Theory Method for Treating Doubly Heterogeneous Fuel-I : Theory AN - 1770375270; PQ0002237225 AB - A new methodology has been developed to treat resonance self-shielding in doubly heterogeneous very high temperature gas-cooled reactor systems in which the fuel compact region of a reactor lattice consists of small fuel grains dispersed in a graphite matrix. The new method first homogenizes the fuel grain and matrix materials using an analytically derived disadvantage factor from a two-region problem with equivalence theory and intermediate resonance method. The disadvantage factor accounts for spatial self-shielding effects inside each grain within the framework of an infinite array of grains. Then the homogenized fuel compact is self-shielded using a Bondarenko method to account for interactions between the fuel compact regions in the fuel lattice. In the final form of the equations for actual implementations, the double-heterogeneity effects are accounted for by simply using a modified definition of a background cross section, which includes geometry parameters and cross sections for both the grain and fuel compact regions. With the new method, the doubly heterogeneous resonance self-shielding effect can be treated easily even with legacy codes programmed only for a singly heterogeneous system by simple modifications in the background cross section for resonance integral interpolations. This paper presents a detailed derivation of the new method and a sensitivity study of double-heterogeneity parameters introduced during the derivation. The implementation of the method and verification results for various test cases are presented in the companion paper. JF - Nuclear Science and Engineering AU - Williams, Mark L AU - Choi, Sooyoung AU - Lee, Deokjung AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Reactor and Nuclear Systems Division Oak Ridge, Tennessee Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 30 EP - 40 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc., 555 N. Kensington Ave. La Grange Park IL 60525 United States VL - 180 IS - 1 SN - 0029-5639, 0029-5639 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Grains KW - Cross sections KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Derivation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770375270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Science+and+Engineering&rft.atitle=A+New+Equivalence+Theory+Method+for+Treating+Doubly+Heterogeneous+Fuel-I+%3A+Theory&rft.au=Williams%2C+Mark+L%3BChoi%2C+Sooyoung%3BLee%2C+Deokjung&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=180&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Science+and+Engineering&rft.issn=00295639&rft_id=info:doi/10.13182%2FNSE14-68 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/NSE14-68 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scalable tuning of building models to hourly data AN - 1762088645; PQ0002132959 AB - Energy models of existing buildings are unreliable unless calibrated so that they correlate well with actual energy usage. Manual tuning requires a skilled professional and is prohibitively expensive for small projects, imperfect, non-repeatable, and not scalable to the dozens of sensor channels that smart meters, smart appliances, and sensors are making available. A scalable, automated methodology is needed to quickly, intelligently calibrate building energy models to all available data, increase the usefulness of those models, and facilitate speed-and-scale penetration of simulation-based capabilities into the marketplace for actualized energy savings. The "Autotune" project is a novel, model-agnostic methodology that leverages supercomputing, large simulation ensembles, and big data mining with multiple machine learning algorithms to allow automatic calibration of simulations that match measured experimental data in a way that is deployable on commodity hardware. This paper shares several methodologies employed to reduce the combinatorial complexity to a computationally tractable search problem for hundreds of input parameters. Accuracy metrics are provided that quantify model error to measured data for either monthly or hourly electrical usage from a highly instrumented, emulated-occupancy research home. JF - Energy AU - Garrett, Aaron AU - New, Joshua AD - Mathematical, Computing, and Information Sciences, Jacksonville State University, Jacksonville, AL, USA Y1 - 2015/05/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 01 SP - 493 EP - 502 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 84 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Autotune KW - EnergyPlus KW - Calibration KW - Optimization KW - Evolutionary computation KW - Computer simulation KW - Construction KW - Tuning KW - Smart sensors KW - Automation KW - Buildings KW - Methodology KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1762088645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy&rft.atitle=Scalable+tuning+of+building+models+to+hourly+data&rft.au=Garrett%2C+Aaron%3BNew%2C+Joshua&rft.aulast=Garrett&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.energy.2015.03.014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-02 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.03.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamic assessment of the U-Y-O system AN - 1687672928; PQ0001548370 AB - A CALPHAD assessment of the U-Y-O system has been developed. To represent the YO sub(2) compound in the compound energy formalism (CEF) for U sub(1-y)Y sub(y)O sub(2+ or -x), the lattice stability was calculated using density functional theory (DFT) while a partially ionic liquid sub-lattice model is used to describe the liquid phase. A Gibbs function for the stoichiometric rhombohedral UY sub(6)O sub(12) phase is proposed. Models representing the phases in the U-O and Y-O systems taken from the literature along with the phases that appear in the U-Y-O ternary are combined to form a complete assessment. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Brese, R G AU - McMurray, J W AU - Shin, D AU - Besmann, T M AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6063, United States, mcmurrayjw1@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 5 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 460 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Thermodynamics KW - Energy KW - Radioactive materials KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1687672928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Thermodynamic+assessment+of+the+U-Y-O+system&rft.au=Brese%2C+R+G%3BMcMurray%2C+J+W%3BShin%2C+D%3BBesmann%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Brese&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=460&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2015.01.047 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thermodynamics; Energy; Radioactive materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.01.047 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fast, quantitative, and nondestructive evaluation of hydrided LWR fuel cladding by small angle incoherent neutron scattering of hydrogen AN - 1687665736; PQ0001548383 AB - A nondestructive neutron scattering method to precisely measure the uptake of hydrogen and the distribution of hydride precipitates in light water reactor (LWR) fuel cladding was developed. Zircaloy-4 cladding used in commercial LWRs was used to produce hydrided specimens. The hydriding apparatus consists of a closed stainless-steel vessel that contains Zr alloy specimens and hydrogen gas. Following hydrogen charging, the hydrogen content of the hydrided specimens was measured using the vacuum hot extraction method, by which the samples with desired hydrogen concentrations were selected for the neutron study. Optical microscopy shows that our hydriding procedure results in uniform distribution of circumferential hydrides across the wall thickness. Small angle neutron incoherent scattering was performed in the High Flux Isotope Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Our study demonstrates that the hydrogen in commercial Zircaloy-4 cladding can be measured very accurately in minutes by this nondestructive method over a wide range of hydrogen concentrations from a very small amount ([approx =]20 ppm) to over 1000 ppm. The hydrogen distribution in a tube sample was obtained by scaling the neutron scattering rate with a factor determined by a calibration process using standard, destructive direct chemical analysis methods on the specimens. This scale factor can be used in future tests with unknown hydrogen concentrations, thus providing a nondestructive method for determining absolute hydrogen concentrations. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Yan, Y AU - Qian, S AU - Littrell, K AU - Parish, C M AU - Plummer, L K AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN37831, USA Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 114 EP - 121 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 460 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Zirconium base alloys KW - Zircaloy-4 KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Isotopes KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Microscopy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Alloys KW - Uptake KW - Hydrogen KW - Scaling KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1687665736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Fast%2C+quantitative%2C+and+nondestructive+evaluation+of+hydrided+LWR+fuel+cladding+by+small+angle+incoherent+neutron+scattering+of+hydrogen&rft.au=Yan%2C+Y%3BQian%2C+S%3BLittrell%2C+K%3BParish%2C+C+M%3BPlummer%2C+L+K&rft.aulast=Yan&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=460&rft.issue=&rft.spage=114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2015.02.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Isotopes; Nuclear reactors; Fuels; Radioactive materials; Microscopy; Nuclear fuels; Uptake; Alloys; Hydrogen; Scaling; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.02.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High temperature steam oxidation of SiC coating layer of TRISO fuel particles AN - 1687665418; PQ0001548388 AB - High-temperature oxidation behavior of SiC coating layer of TRISO fuel particles in 1500-1700 [degrees]C steam at 1 atm has been examined inside a zirconia furnace. The SiC coating layers experienced a thickness loss of less than 2.5 mu m under these conditions up to 24 h. The thickness of the oxide layer formed under these conditions was consistent with prior steam oxidation tests on high-purity bulk SiC. Upon reducing the presence volatile impurities from the test environment (particularly Al) by conducting the tests inside a zirconia furnace, melting of the silica layer at 1700 [degrees]C was avoided. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Terrani, Kurt A AU - Silva, Chinthaka M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA, terranika@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 160 EP - 165 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 460 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Silica KW - Furnaces KW - Fuels KW - High temperature KW - Oxidation KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Radioactive materials KW - Particulates KW - Coatings KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1687665418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=High+temperature+steam+oxidation+of+SiC+coating+layer+of+TRISO+fuel+particles&rft.au=Terrani%2C+Kurt+A%3BSilva%2C+Chinthaka+M&rft.aulast=Terrani&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=460&rft.issue=&rft.spage=160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2015.02.022 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Silica; Furnaces; High temperature; Fuels; Radioactive materials; Nuclear fuels; Oxidation; Particulates; Coatings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.02.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perceptions of risk among households in two Australian coastal communities AN - 1683080726; 4675572 AB - There is limited knowledge of risk perceptions in coastal communities despite their vulnerability to a range of risks including the impacts of climate change. A survey of 400 households in two Australian coastal communities, combined with semi-structured interviews, provides insight into household perceptions of the relative importance of climatic and non-climatic risks and the subsequent risk priorities that may inform household adaptive action. In contrast to previous research, the results demonstrated that geographic location and household characteristics might not affect perceptions of vulnerability to environmental hazards. However, past experience was a significant influence, raising the priority of environmental concerns. Overall, the results highlight the priority concerns of coastal households (from finance, to health and environment) and suggest to increase the profile of climate issues in coastal communities climate change strategies need to better demonstrate links between climate vulnerability and other household concerns. Furthermore, promoting generic capacities in isolation from understanding the context in which households construe climate risks is unlikely to yield the changes required to decrease the vulnerability of coastal communities. Reprinted by permission of Blackwell Publishers JF - Geographical research AU - Thomsen, Dana C AU - Preston, Benjamin L AU - Elrick-Barr, Carmen E AU - Smith, Timothy F AD - University of the Sunshine Coast ; Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 145 EP - 159 VL - 53 IS - 2 SN - 1745-5863, 1745-5863 KW - Economics KW - Community KW - Coastal areas KW - Perception KW - Households KW - Climate change KW - Australia KW - Demonstrations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1683080726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geographical+research&rft.atitle=Perceptions+of+risk+among+households+in+two+Australian+coastal+communities&rft.au=Thomsen%2C+Dana+C%3BPreston%2C+Benjamin+L%3BElrick-Barr%2C+Carmen+E%3BSmith%2C+Timothy+F&rft.aulast=Thomsen&rft.aufirst=Dana&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geographical+research&rft.issn=17455863&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F1745-5871.12106 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-26 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 9382; 6040 5676; 3415 9634; 2603; 2427 2431 7197 8560 9511 4309 10738 12092; 2382 2381 8560 9511 4309 4313; 34 309 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1745-5871.12106 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site-directed mutagenesis of HgcA and HgcB reveals amino acid residues important for mercury methylation. AN - 1672604737; 25724962 AB - Methylmercury is a potent neurotoxin that is produced by anaerobic microorganisms from inorganic mercury by a recently discovered pathway. A two-gene cluster, consisting of hgcA and hgcB, encodes two of the proteins essential for this activity. hgcA encodes a corrinoid protein with a strictly conserved cysteine proposed to be the ligand for cobalt in the corrinoid cofactor, whereas hgcB encodes a ferredoxin-like protein thought to be an electron donor to HgcA. Deletion of either gene eliminates mercury methylation by the methylator Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ND132. Here, site-directed mutants of HgcA and HgcB were constructed to determine amino acid residues essential for mercury methylation. Mutations of the strictly conserved residue Cys93 in HgcA, the proposed ligand for the corrinoid cobalt, to Ala or Thr completely abolished the methylation capacity, but a His substitution produced measurable methylmercury. Mutations of conserved amino acids near Cys93 had various impacts on the methylation capacity but showed that the structure of the putative "cap helix" region harboring Cys93 is crucial for methylation function. In the ferredoxin-like protein HgcB, only one of two conserved cysteines found at the C terminus was necessary for methylation, but either cysteine sufficed. An additional, strictly conserved cysteine, Cys73, was also determined to be essential for methylation. This study supports the previously predicted importance of Cys93 in HgcA for methylation of mercury and reveals additional residues in HgcA and HgcB that facilitate the production of this neurotoxin. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Smith, Steven D AU - Bridou, Romain AU - Johs, Alexander AU - Parks, Jerry M AU - Elias, Dwayne A AU - Hurt, Richard A AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Podar, Mircea AU - Wall, Judy D AD - Biochemistry Division, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. ; Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. ; Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. ; Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. ; Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. ; Biochemistry Division, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA wallj@missouri.edu. Y1 - 2015/05/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 01 SP - 3205 EP - 3217 VL - 81 IS - 9 KW - Amino Acids KW - 0 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - Mutant Proteins KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutant Proteins -- genetics KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Conserved Sequence KW - Mutant Proteins -- metabolism KW - DNA Mutational Analysis KW - Amino Acids -- genetics KW - Amino Acids -- metabolism KW - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans -- genetics KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - Mercury -- metabolism KW - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans -- enzymology KW - Bacterial Proteins -- metabolism KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- metabolism KW - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1672604737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Site-directed+mutagenesis+of+HgcA+and+HgcB+reveals+amino+acid+residues+important+for+mercury+methylation.&rft.au=Smith%2C+Steven+D%3BBridou%2C+Romain%3BJohs%2C+Alexander%3BParks%2C+Jerry+M%3BElias%2C+Dwayne+A%3BHurt%2C+Richard+A%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D%3BPodar%2C+Mircea%3BWall%2C+Judy+D&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=1098-5336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.00217-15 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-12-21 N1 - Date created - 2015-04-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014 Oct;80(20):6517-26 [25107983] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Apr 3;109(14):5235-40 [22431597] Structure. 2000 Aug 15;8(8):817-30 [10997901] Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2001 Jun;5(3):302-7 [11479122] Acc Chem Res. 2001 Aug;34(8):681-9 [11513576] Biopolymers. 2002 Aug 5;64(4):189-97 [12115136] Biochemistry. 2002 Aug 13;41(32):10287-96 [12162744] Annu Rev Biochem. 2003;72:209-47 [14527323] Protein Eng. 2003 Sep;16(9):637-9 [14560048] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1967 Sep 7;28(5):815-20 [4861258] Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5 [5432063] Biochemistry. 1973 Apr 24;12(9):1802-8 [4699238] Science. 1974 Mar 15;183(4129):1049-52 [4812035] Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248-54 [942051] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4350-4 [388439] Anal Biochem. 1981 Apr;112(2):195-203 [6266278] Biochimie. 1982 Jul;64(7):503-7 [7126685] J Biol Chem. 1987 Oct 15;262(29):14289-97 [2821001] J Mol Biol. 1991 Apr 5;218(3):499-503 [2016741] J Biol Chem. 1991 Nov 15;266(32):21563-71 [1657971] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1993 Jan;59(1):290-5 [8439155] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1994 Apr;60(4):1342-6 [8017921] Eur J Biochem. 1995 Aug 15;232(1):192-205 [7556151] Nature. 2012 Apr 12;484(7393):265-9 [22419154] Nucleic Acids Res. 2012 Jul;40(Web Server issue):W281-7 [22638583] J Am Chem Soc. 2012 Oct 31;134(43):17945-54 [23051056] Science. 2013 Mar 15;339(6125):1332-5 [23393089] Environ Sci Technol. 2013 May 21;47(10):4967-83 [23590191] Environ Sci Technol. 2013 Oct 15;47(20):11810-20 [24024607] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2013 Oct;79(20):6325-30 [23934484] Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1079:117-29 [24170398] Inorg Chem. 2014 Jan 21;53(2):772-7 [24377658] Chem Res Toxicol. 2014 Feb 17;27(2):254-64 [24397474] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014 May;80(9):2874-9 [24584244] Nature. 2014 Aug 7;512(7512):65-8 [25100482] FEBS Lett. 1996 Jun 24;389(1):25-31 [8682198] Annu Rev Biochem. 1997;66:269-313 [9242908] J Mol Biol. 1998 Apr 3;277(3):683-706 [9533888] J Mol Biol. 1998 Dec 11;284(4):1165-75 [9837734] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Sep 26;103(39):14331-6 [16983091] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Oct 16;104(42):16586-91 [17901207] Extremophiles. 2008 May;12(3):431-9 [18317684] Vitam Horm. 2008;79:293-324 [18804699] J Biol Chem. 2009 Jan 9;284(2):938-44 [19004822] J Biol Chem. 2009 Jan 23;284(4):2285-95 [19043046] Antioxid Redox Signal. 2010 Jan;12(1):53-91 [19634988] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2010 Aug;76(16):5500-9 [20581180] Met Ions Life Sci. 2010;7:365-401 [20877813] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Jun;77(12):3938-51 [21515733] J Mol Biol. 2011 Aug 5;411(1):96-109 [21640123] Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Sep 15;45(18):7693-700 [21875053] Methods Mol Biol. 2012;852:51-9 [22328425] Environ Microbiol Rep. 2014 Oct;6(5):441-7 [25646534] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00217-15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prismatic VHTR neutronic benchmark problems AN - 1701120438; PQ0001643381 AB - This paper aims to fill an apparent scarcity of benchmarks based on high temperature gas-cooled reactors. Within is a description of a whole prismatic VHTR core in its full heterogeneity and modeling using continuous energy nuclear data at a representative hot operating temperature. Also included is a core which has been simplified for ease in modeling while attempting to preserve as faithfully as possible the neutron physics of the core. Fuel and absorber pins have been homogenized from the particle level, however, the blocks which construct the core remain strongly heterogeneous. A six group multigroup (discrete energy) cross section set has been developed via Monte Carlo using the original heterogeneous core as a basis. Several configurations of the core have been solved using these two cross section sets; eigenvalue results, block-averaged power results, and some selected pin fission density results are presented in this paper, along with the six-group cross section data, so that method developers may use these problems as a standard reference point. JF - Nuclear Engineering and Design AU - Connolly, Kevin John AU - Rahnema, Farzad AU - Tsvetkov, Pavel V AD - Nuclear and Radiological Engineering and Medical Physics Programs, George W. Woodruff School, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States; Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2015/04/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 15 SP - 207 EP - 240 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 285 SN - 0029-5493, 0029-5493 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Energy use KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Mathematical models KW - Density KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Benchmarking KW - Cross sections UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701120438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Prismatic+VHTR+neutronic+benchmark+problems&rft.au=Connolly%2C+Kevin+John%3BRahnema%2C+Farzad%3BTsvetkov%2C+Pavel+V&rft.aulast=Connolly&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2015-04-15&rft.volume=285&rft.issue=&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=00295493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.nucengdes.2014.11.044 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2014.11.044 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evidence for Bolgiano-Obukhov scaling in rotating stratified turbulence using high-resolution direct numerical simulations T2 - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AN - 1684412858; 6346911 JF - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AU - Rosenberg, Duane AU - Pouquet, Annick AU - Marino, Raffaele AU - Mininni, Pablo Y1 - 2015/04/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 12 KW - Mathematical models KW - Simulation KW - Turbulence KW - Scaling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684412858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+Bolgiano-Obukhov+scaling+in+rotating+stratified+turbulence+using+high-resolution+direct+numerical+simulations&rft.au=Rosenberg%2C+Duane%3BPouquet%2C+Annick%3BMarino%2C+Raffaele%3BMininni%2C+Pablo&rft.aulast=Rosenberg&rft.aufirst=Duane&rft.date=2015-04-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/egu2015/meetingprogramme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-01 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Accelerating climate simulation analytics via multilevel aggregation and synthesis T2 - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AN - 1684399299; 6345593 JF - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AU - Anantharaj, Valentine AU - Ravindran, Krishnaraj AU - Gunasekaran, Raghul AU - Vazhkudai, Sudharshan AU - Butt, Ali Y1 - 2015/04/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 12 KW - Climate KW - Simulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684399299?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.atitle=Accelerating+climate+simulation+analytics+via+multilevel+aggregation+and+synthesis&rft.au=Anantharaj%2C+Valentine%3BRavindran%2C+Krishnaraj%3BGunasekaran%2C+Raghul%3BVazhkudai%2C+Sudharshan%3BButt%2C+Ali&rft.aulast=Anantharaj&rft.aufirst=Valentine&rft.date=2015-04-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/egu2015/meetingprogramme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-01 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The many meanings of gross photosynthesis and their implication for photosynthesis research from leaf to globe T2 - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AN - 1684398271; 6344367 JF - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AU - Gu, Lianghong AU - Wohlfahrt, Georg Y1 - 2015/04/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 12 KW - Photosynthesis KW - Leaves UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684398271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.atitle=The+many+meanings+of+gross+photosynthesis+and+their+implication+for+photosynthesis+research+from+leaf+to+globe&rft.au=Gu%2C+Lianghong%3BWohlfahrt%2C+Georg&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Lianghong&rft.date=2015-04-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/egu2015/meetingprogramme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatiotemporal dynamics of wetted soils across a polar desert landscape AN - 1846413055; PQ0003866078 AB - Liquid water is scarce across the landscape of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV), Antarctica, a 3800 km super(2) ice-free region, and is chiefly associated with soils that are adjacent to streams and lakes (i.e. wetted margins) during the annual thaw season. However, isolated wetted soils have been observed at locations distal from water bodies. The source of water for the isolated patches of wet soil is potentially generated by a combination of infiltration from melting snowpacks, melting of pore ice at the ice table, and melting of buried segregation ice formed during winter freezing. High resolution remote sensing data gathered several times per summer in the MDV region were used to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of wet soils. The spatial consistency with which the wet soils occurred was assessed for the 2009-10 to 2011-12 summers. The remote sensing analyses reveal that cumulative area and number of wet soil patches varies among summers. The 2010-11 summer provided the most wetted soil area (10.21 km super(2)) and 2009-10 covered the least (5.38 km super(2)). These data suggest that wet soils are a significant component of the MDV cold desert land system and may become more prevalent as regional climate changes. JF - Antarctic Science AU - Langford, Zachary L AU - Gooseff, Michael N AU - Lampkin, Derrick J AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6301, USA, zach@climatemodeling.org Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 197 EP - 209 PB - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU United Kingdom VL - 27 IS - 2 SN - 0954-1020, 0954-1020 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Remote Sensing KW - Snowpack KW - Antarctica, Victoria Land, McMurdo Dry Valley KW - Ecological distribution KW - Remote sensing KW - Freshwater KW - Streams KW - Melting KW - Lakes KW - Soils KW - Temporal Distribution KW - Ice KW - Temporal distribution KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - PS, Antarctica KW - Lake ice KW - Deserts KW - Infiltration KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846413055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antarctic+Science&rft.atitle=Spatiotemporal+dynamics+of+wetted+soils+across+a+polar+desert+landscape&rft.au=Langford%2C+Zachary+L%3BGooseff%2C+Michael+N%3BLampkin%2C+Derrick+J&rft.aulast=Langford&rft.aufirst=Zachary&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antarctic+Science&rft.issn=09541020&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS0954102014000601 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lakes; Lake ice; Temporal distribution; Deserts; Ecological distribution; Climate; Soils; Remote sensing; Streams; Snowpack; Remote Sensing; Melting; Ice; Climates; Infiltration; Temporal Distribution; PS, Antarctica; Antarctica, Victoria Land, McMurdo Dry Valley; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954102014000601 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Petalite under pressure; elastic behavior and phase stability AN - 1686058221; 2015-052263 AB - The lithium aluminosilicate mineral petalite (LiAlSi (sub 4) O (sub 10) ) has been studied with high-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction (HP-XRD) up to 5 GPa. Petalite undergoes two fully reversible pressure-induced first-order phase transitions, not previously reported in the literature, at ca. 1.5 and 2.5 GPa. The first of these transforms the low-pressure alpha -phase of petalite (P2/c) to an intermediate beta '-phase that then fully converts to the high-pressure beta -phase at ca. 2.5 GPa. The alpha --> beta transition is isomorphic and is associated with tripling of the unit-cell volume. Analysis of the HP-XRD data show that although the fundamental features of the petalite structure are retained through this transition, there are subtle alterations in the internal structure of the silicate double-layers in the beta -phase relative to the alpha -phase. Measurement of the unit-cell parameters of petalite as a function of pressure, and fitting of the data with third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state, has provided revised elastic constants for petalite. The bulk moduli of the alpha - and beta -phases are 49(1) and 35(3) GPa, respectively. These values indicate that the compressibility of the alpha -phase of petalite lies between those of the alkali feldpsars and alkali feldspathoids, whereas the beta -phase has a compressibility more comparable with layered silicates. Structure analysis has shown that the compression of the alpha -phase is facilitated by the rigid body movement of the Si (sub 2) O (sub 7) units from which the silicate double-layers are constructed. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Ross, Nancy L AU - Zhao, Jing AU - Slebodnick, Carla AU - Spencer, Elinor C AU - Chakoumakos, Bryan C Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 714 EP - 721 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 100 IS - 4 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - pressure KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - lithium KW - elastic properties KW - petalite KW - alkali metals KW - unit cell KW - stability KW - phase transitions KW - elastic constants KW - high pressure KW - single-crystal method KW - aluminosilicates KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - lattice parameters KW - equations of state KW - feldspathoids KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686058221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Petalite+under+pressure%3B+elastic+behavior+and+phase+stability&rft.au=Ross%2C+Nancy+L%3BZhao%2C+Jing%3BSlebodnick%2C+Carla%3BSpencer%2C+Elinor+C%3BChakoumakos%2C+Bryan+C&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=714&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam-2015-5105 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; aluminosilicates; elastic constants; elastic properties; equations of state; feldspathoids; high pressure; lattice parameters; lithium; metals; petalite; phase transitions; pressure; sheet silicates; silicates; single-crystal method; stability; unit cell; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2015-5105 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting long-term carbon sequestration in response to CO sub(2) enrichment: How and why do current ecosystem models differ? AN - 1683357144; PQ0001586817 AB - Large uncertainty exists in model projections of the land carbon (C) sink response to increasing atmospheric CO sub(2). Free-Air CO sub(2) Enrichment (FACE) experiments lasting a decade or more have investigated ecosystem responses to a step change in atmospheric CO sub(2) concentration. To interpret FACE results in the context of gradual increases in atmospheric CO sub(2) over decades to centuries, we used a suite of seven models to simulate the Duke and Oak Ridge FACE experiments extended for 300years of CO sub(2) enrichment. We also determine key modeling assumptions that drive divergent projections of terrestrial C uptake and evaluate whether these assumptions can be constrained by experimental evidence. All models simulated increased terrestrial C pools resulting from CO sub(2) enrichment, though there was substantial variability in quasi-equilibrium C sequestration and rates of change. In two of two models that assume that plant nitrogen (N) uptake is solely a function of soil N supply, the net primary production response to elevated CO sub(2) became progressively N limited. In four of five models that assume that N uptake is a function of both soil N supply and plant N demand, elevated CO sub(2) led to reduced ecosystem N losses and thus progressively relaxed nitrogen limitation. Many allocation assumptions resulted in increased wood allocation relative to leaves and roots which reduced the vegetation turnover rate and increased C sequestration. In addition, self-thinning assumptions had a substantial impact on C sequestration in two models. Accurate representation of N process dynamics (in particular N uptake), allocation, and forest self-thinning is key to minimizing uncertainty in projections of future C sequestration in response to elevated atmospheric CO sub(2). Key Points * Ecosystem C sequestration responses to elevated CO sub(2) were simulated by seven models * C sequestration variability was driven first by NPP and second by turnover * Progressive N limitation depended on time scale and model N uptake assumptions JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Walker, Anthony P AU - Zaehle, Sonke AU - Medlyn, Belinda E AU - De Kauwe, Martin G AU - Asao, Shinichi AU - Hickler, Thomas AU - Parton, William AU - Ricciuto, Daniel M AU - Wang, Ying-Ping AU - Warlind, David AU - Norby, Richard J AD - Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 476 EP - 495 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 29 IS - 4 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Variability KW - Ecosystems KW - Sinks KW - Roots KW - Forests KW - Primary production KW - Ecosystem models KW - Models KW - Soil KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Ecosystems models KW - Carbon KW - Soils KW - Absorption KW - Enrichment KW - Modelling KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Leaves KW - Wood KW - Vegetation KW - Current prediction KW - Hardwood KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Plants KW - Uptake KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Nitrogen KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04030:Models, Methods, Remote Sensing KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1683357144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Predicting+long-term+carbon+sequestration+in+response+to+CO+sub%282%29+enrichment%3A+How+and+why+do+current+ecosystem+models+differ%3F&rft.au=Walker%2C+Anthony+P%3BZaehle%2C+Sonke%3BMedlyn%2C+Belinda+E%3BDe+Kauwe%2C+Martin+G%3BAsao%2C+Shinichi%3BHickler%2C+Thomas%3BParton%2C+William%3BRicciuto%2C+Daniel+M%3BWang%2C+Ying-Ping%3BWarlind%2C+David%3BNorby%2C+Richard+J&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=476&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014GB004995 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon; Biogeochemistry; Soils; Forests; Uptake; Carbon dioxide; Current prediction; Primary production; Modelling; Soil; Leaves; Vegetation; Roots; Ecosystem models; Models; Nitrogen; Ecosystems models; Carbon sequestration; Plants; Wood; Variability; Ecosystems; Absorption; Sinks; Enrichment; Hardwood; Carbon Dioxide; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GB004995 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Highly dispersed buckybowls as model carbocatalysts for C-H bond activation AN - 1680447214; PQ0001430723 AB - Fullerene-derived buckybowl fractions dispersed on mesoporous silica constitute an ideal model for studying the catalysis of graphitic forms of carbon since the dispersed carbon nanostructures contain a high ratio of edge defects and curvature induced by non-six-membered rings. Dispersion of the active centers on an easily accessible high surface area material allowed for high density of surface active sites associated with oxygenated structures. This report illustrates a facile method of creating model polycyclic aromatic nano-structures that are not only active for alkane C-H bond activation and oxidative dehydrogenation but also can be practical catalysts to be eventually used in industry. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Soykal, IIlgaz AU - Wang, Hui AU - Park, Jewook AU - Li, An-Ping AU - Liang, Chengdu AU - Schwartz, Viviane AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; 37831; TN; USA +1-865-576-1080, +1-865-576-6749; , schwartzv@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - Apr 2015 SP - 8667 EP - 8675 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 3 IS - 16 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Silica KW - Energy KW - Surface area KW - Catalysts KW - Sustainability KW - Catalysis KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680447214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Highly+dispersed+buckybowls+as+model+carbocatalysts+for+C-H+bond+activation&rft.au=Soykal%2C+IIlgaz%3BWang%2C+Hui%3BPark%2C+Jewook%3BLi%2C+An-Ping%3BLiang%2C+Chengdu%3BSchwartz%2C+Viviane&rft.aulast=Soykal&rft.aufirst=IIlgaz&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=8667&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5ta00898k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Silica; Surface area; Energy; Catalysts; Sustainability; Catalysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta00898k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dominating Controls for Wetter South Asian Summer Monsoon in the Twenty-First Century AN - 1676353003; PQ0001447554 AB - This paper analyzes a suite of global climate models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) archives to understand the mechanisms behind a net increase in the South Asian summer monsoon precipitation in response to enhanced radiative forcing during the twenty-first century. An increase in radiative forcing fuels an increase in the atmospheric moisture content through warmer temperatures, which overwhelms the weakening of monsoon circulation and results in an increase of moisture convergence and therefore summer monsoon precipitation over South Asia. Moisture source analysis suggests that both regional (local recycling, the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal) and remote (including the south Indian Ocean) sources contribute to the moisture supply for precipitation over South Asia during the summer season that is facilitated by the monsoon dynamics. For regional moisture sources, the effect of excessive atmospheric moisture is offset by weaker monsoon circulation and uncertainty in the response of the evapotranspiration over land, so anomalies in their contribution to the total moisture supply are either mixed or muted. In contrast, weakening of the monsoon dynamics has less influence on the moisture supply from remote sources that not only is a dominant moisture contributor in the historical period but is also the net driver of the positive summer monsoon precipitation response in the twenty-first century. The results also indicate that historic measures of the monsoon dynamics may not be well suited to predict the nonstationary moisture-driven South Asian summer monsoon precipitation response in the twenty-first century. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Mei, Rui AU - Ashfaq, Moetasim AU - Rastogi, Deeksha AU - Leung, LRuby AU - Dominguez, Francina AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 3400 EP - 3419 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 28 IS - 8 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Climate models KW - Climate variability KW - ISW, South Indian Ocean KW - Moisture KW - ISW, Arabian Sea KW - Fuels KW - Recycling KW - Radiative forcing KW - Convergence KW - INW, Asia KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Seasonal variability KW - Archives KW - Fuel KW - Summer monsoon KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Precipitation KW - Water content KW - ISW, Bangladesh, Bengal Bay KW - Model Studies KW - Global climate KW - Oceans KW - Monsoon circulation KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Moisture Content KW - Monsoons KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676353003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Dominating+Controls+for+Wetter+South+Asian+Summer+Monsoon+in+the+Twenty-First+Century&rft.au=Mei%2C+Rui%3BAshfaq%2C+Moetasim%3BRastogi%2C+Deeksha%3BLeung%2C+LRuby%3BDominguez%2C+Francina&rft.aulast=Mei&rft.aufirst=Rui&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3400&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-14-00355.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuels; Atmospheric forcing; Climate; Ocean-atmosphere system; Evapotranspiration; Archives; Water content; Monsoons; Global climate; Summer monsoon; Climate models; Radiative forcing; Convergence; Monsoon circulation; Seasonal variability; Precipitation; Moisture; Oceans; Climates; Moisture Content; Recycling; Fuel; Model Studies; ISW, South Indian Ocean; ISW, Arabian Sea; INW, Asia; ISW, Bangladesh, Bengal Bay DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00355.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microtopographic and depth controls on active layer chemistry in Arctic polygonal ground AN - 1703689886; 2015-078635 AB - Polygonal ground is a signature characteristic of Arctic lowlands, and carbon release from permafrost thaw can alter feedbacks to Arctic ecosystems and climate. This study describes the first comprehensive spatial examination of active layer biogeochemistry that extends across high- and low-centered, ice wedge polygons, their features, and with depth. Water chemistry measurements of 54 analytes were made on surface and active layer pore waters collected near Barrow, Alaska, USA. Significant differences were observed between high- and low-centered polygons suggesting that polygon types may be useful for landscape-scale geochemical classification. However, differences were found for polygon features (centers and troughs) for analytes that were not significant for polygon type, suggesting that finer-scale features affect biogeochemistry differently from polygon types. Depth variations were also significant, demonstrating important multidimensional aspects of polygonal ground biogeochemistry. These results have major implications for understanding how polygonal ground ecosystems function, and how they may respond to future change. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Newman, B D AU - Throckmorton, H M AU - Graham, D E AU - Gu, B AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Liang, L AU - Wu, Y AU - Heikoop, J M AU - Herndon, E M AU - Phelps, T J AU - Wilson, C J AU - Wullschleger, S D Y1 - 2015/03/28/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 28 SP - 1808 EP - 1817 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 42 IS - 6 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - United States KW - permafrost KW - North Slope KW - periglacial features KW - ice wedges KW - thawing KW - climate change KW - Barrow Alaska KW - topography KW - climate effects KW - Alaska KW - glacial geology KW - geomorphology KW - active layer KW - patterned ground KW - polygons KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703689886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Microtopographic+and+depth+controls+on+active+layer+chemistry+in+Arctic+polygonal+ground&rft.au=Newman%2C+B+D%3BThrockmorton%2C+H+M%3BGraham%2C+D+E%3BGu%2C+B%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BLiang%2C+L%3BWu%2C+Y%3BHeikoop%2C+J+M%3BHerndon%2C+E+M%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BWilson%2C+C+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2015-03-28&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1808&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014GL062804 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291944-8007/issues LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; Alaska; Barrow Alaska; climate change; climate effects; geomorphology; glacial geology; ice wedges; North Slope; patterned ground; periglacial features; permafrost; polygons; thawing; topography; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062804 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effect of Environment on the Oxidation Behavior of Commercial and Model Ni-Base Alloys T2 - 2015 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2015) AN - 1684407569; 6349303 JF - 2015 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2015) AU - Pint, Bruce Y1 - 2015/03/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 15 KW - Oxidation KW - Alloys KW - alloys KW - Environmental factors KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684407569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2015%29&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Environment+on+the+Oxidation+Behavior+of+Commercial+and+Model+Ni-Base+Alloys&rft.au=Pint%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Pint&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2015-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://corrosionfp.epubxp.com/t/165607-corrosion-2015-final-program LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-01 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development of Cast Alumina-Forming Austenitic Stainless Steel Alloys for Use in High-Temperature Process Environments T2 - 2015 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2015) AN - 1684407319; 6349298 JF - 2015 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2015) AU - Pint, Bruce AU - Yamamoto, Yukinori AU - Brady, Michael AU - Voke, Donald AU - Pankiw, Roman AU - Muralidharan, Govindarajan Y1 - 2015/03/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 15 KW - Stainless steel KW - Alloys KW - alloys KW - Steel KW - stainless steel UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684407319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2015%29&rft.atitle=Development+of+Cast+Alumina-Forming+Austenitic+Stainless+Steel+Alloys+for+Use+in+High-Temperature+Process+Environments&rft.au=Pint%2C+Bruce%3BYamamoto%2C+Yukinori%3BBrady%2C+Michael%3BVoke%2C+Donald%3BPankiw%2C+Roman%3BMuralidharan%2C+Govindarajan&rft.aulast=Pint&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2015-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://corrosionfp.epubxp.com/t/165607-corrosion-2015-final-program LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-01 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Comparison of the C-Ring Test and the Jones Test as Standard Practice Test Methods for Studying Stress Corrosion Cracking in Ferritic Steels T2 - 2015 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2015) AN - 1684403885; 6349450 JF - 2015 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2015) AU - Thomson, Jeff Y1 - 2015/03/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 15 KW - Stress corrosion KW - Corrosion KW - Stress KW - Steel UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684403885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2015%29&rft.atitle=A+Comparison+of+the+C-Ring+Test+and+the+Jones+Test+as+Standard+Practice+Test+Methods+for+Studying+Stress+Corrosion+Cracking+in+Ferritic+Steels&rft.au=Thomson%2C+Jeff&rft.aulast=Thomson&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft.date=2015-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://corrosionfp.epubxp.com/t/165607-corrosion-2015-final-program LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid imbibition of water in fractures within unsaturated sedimentary rock AN - 1832612155; 724790-8 AB - The spontaneous imbibition of water and other liquids into gas-filled fractures in variably-saturated porous media is important in a variety of engineering and geological contexts. However, surprisingly few studies have investigated this phenomenon. We present a theoretical framework for predicting the 1-dimensional movement of water into air-filled fractures within a porous medium based on early-time capillary dynamics and spreading over the rough surfaces of fracture faces. The theory permits estimation of sorptivity values for the matrix and fracture zone, as well as a dispersion parameter which quantifies the extent of spreading of the wetting front. Quantitative data on spontaneous imbibition of water in unsaturated Berea sandstone cores were acquired to evaluate the proposed model. The cores with different permeability classes ranging from 50 to 500 mD and were fractured using the Brazilian method. Spontaneous imbibition in the fractured cores was measured by dynamic neutron radiography at the Neutron Imaging Prototype Facility (beam line CG-1D, HFIR), Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Water uptake into both the matrix and the fracture zone exhibited square-root-of-time behavior. The matrix sorptivities ranged from 2.9 to 4.6 mm s (super -0.5) , and increased linearly as the permeability class increased. The sorptivities of the fracture zones ranged from 17.9 to 27.1 mm s (super -0.5) , and increased linearly with increasing fracture aperture width. The dispersion coefficients ranged from 23.7 to 66.7 mm (super 2) s (super -1) and increased linearly with increasing fracture aperture width and damage zone width. Both theory and observations indicate that fractures can significantly increase spontaneous imbibition in unsaturated sedimentary rock by capillary action and surface spreading on rough fracture faces. Fractures also increase the dispersion of the wetting front. Further research is needed to investigate this phenomenon in other natural and engineered porous media. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Cheng, C L AU - Perfect, E AU - Donnelly, B AU - Bilheux, H Z AU - Tremsin, A S AU - McKay, L D AU - DiStefano, V H AU - Cai, J C AU - Santodonato, L J Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 82 EP - 89 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 77 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - imbibition KW - fractured materials KW - saturation KW - Paleozoic KW - roughness KW - Berea Sandstone KW - neutron radiographs KW - fluid flow KW - capillarity KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832612155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Rapid+imbibition+of+water+in+fractures+within+unsaturated+sedimentary+rock&rft.au=Cheng%2C+C+L%3BPerfect%2C+E%3BDonnelly%2C+B%3BBilheux%2C+H+Z%3BTremsin%2C+A+S%3BMcKay%2C+L+D%3BDiStefano%2C+V+H%3BCai%2C+J+C%3BSantodonato%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2015.01.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Berea Sandstone; capillarity; fluid flow; fractured materials; imbibition; neutron radiographs; Paleozoic; roughness; saturation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.01.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An enhanced droplet-based liquid microjunction surface sampling system coupled with HPLC-ESI-MS/MS for spatially resolved analysis AN - 1746896365; PQ0001483213 AB - Droplet-based liquid microjunction surface sampling coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-electrospray ionization (ESI)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for spatially resolved analysis provides the possibility of effective analysis of complex matrix samples and can provide a greater degree of chemical information from a single spot sample than is typically possible with a direct analysis of an extract. Described here is the setup and enhanced capabilities of a discrete droplet liquid microjunction surface sampling system employing a commercially available CTC PAL autosampler. The system enhancements include incorporation of a laser distance sensor enabling unattended analysis of samples and sample locations of dramatically disparate height as well as reliably dispensing just 0.5 mu L of extraction solvent to make the liquid junction to the surface, wherein the extraction spot size was confined to an area about 0.7 mm in diameter; software modifications improving the spatial resolution of sampling spot selection from 1.0 to 0.1 mm; use of an open bed tray system to accommodate samples as large as whole-body rat thin tissue sections; and custom sample/solvent holders that shorten sampling time to approximately 1 min per sample. The merit of these new features was demonstrated by spatially resolved sampling, HPLC separation, and mass spectral detection of pharmaceuticals and metabolites from whole-body rat thin tissue sections and razor blade ("crude") cut mouse tissue. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] JF - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry AU - Kertesz, Vilmos AU - Weiskittel, Taylor M AU - Berkel, Gary J AD - Organic and Biological Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6131, USA, kerteszv@ornl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 2117 EP - 2125 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Berlin/Heidelberg Germany VL - 407 IS - 8 SN - 1618-2642, 1618-2642 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Sensors KW - Solvents KW - Metabolites KW - Liquid Chromatography KW - Lasers KW - Sampling KW - Ionization KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746896365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=An+enhanced+droplet-based+liquid+microjunction+surface+sampling+system+coupled+with+HPLC-ESI-MS%2FMS+for+spatially+resolved+analysis&rft.au=Kertesz%2C+Vilmos%3BWeiskittel%2C+Taylor+M%3BBerkel%2C+Gary+J&rft.aulast=Kertesz&rft.aufirst=Vilmos&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=407&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=16182642&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00216-014-8287-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mass Spectrometry; Sensors; Solvents; Liquid Chromatography; Metabolites; Lasers; Sampling; Ionization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-014-8287-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Insights from 20 years of bacterial genome sequencing AN - 1673391451; PQ0001352048 AB - Since the first two complete bacterial genome sequences were published in 1995, the science of bacteria has dramatically changed. Using third-generation DNA sequencing, it is possible to completely sequence a bacterial genome in a few hours and identify some types of methylation sites along the genome as well. Sequencing of bacterial genome sequences is now a standard procedure, and the information from tens of thousands of bacterial genomes has had a major impact on our views of the bacterial world. In this review, we explore a series of questions to highlight some insights that comparative genomics has produced. To date, there are genome sequences available from 50 different bacterial phyla and 11 different archaeal phyla. However, the distribution is quite skewed towards a few phyla that contain model organisms. But the breadth is continuing to improve, with projects dedicated to filling in less characterized taxonomic groups. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas system provides bacteria with immunity against viruses, which outnumber bacteria by tenfold. How fast can we go? Second-generation sequencing has produced a large number of draft genomes (close to 90 % of bacterial genomes in GenBank are currently not complete); third-generation sequencing can potentially produce a finished genome in a few hours, and at the same time provide methlylation sites along the entire chromosome. The diversity of bacterial communities is extensive as is evident from the genome sequences available from 50 different bacterial phyla and 11 different archaeal phyla. Genome sequencing can help in classifying an organism, and in the case where multiple genomes of the same species are available, it is possible to calculate the pan- and core genomes; comparison of more than 2000 Escherichia coli genomes finds an E. coli core genome of about 3100 gene families and a total of about 89,000 different gene families. Why do we care about bacterial genome sequencing? There are many practical applications, such as genome-scale metabolic modeling, biosurveillance, bioforensics, and infectious disease epidemiology. In the near future, high-throughput sequencing of patient metagenomic samples could revolutionize medicine in terms of speed and accuracy of finding pathogens and knowing how to treat them. JF - Functional & Integrative Genomics AU - Land, Miriam AU - Hauser, Loren AU - Jun, Se-Ran AU - Nookaew, Intawat AU - Leuze, Michael R AU - Ahn, Tae-Hyuk AU - Karpinets, Tatiana AU - Lund, Ole AU - Kora, Guruprased AU - Wassenaar, Trudy AU - Poudel, Suresh AU - Ussery, David W AD - Comparative Genomics Group, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, usserydw@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - Mar 2015 SP - 141 EP - 161 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1438-793X, 1438-793X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Genetics Abstracts KW - Bacteria KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Pathogens KW - Immunity KW - Gene families KW - Models KW - Chromosomes KW - DNA sequencing KW - Infectious diseases KW - Epidemiology KW - Escherichia coli KW - DNA methylation KW - genomics KW - Methylation KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673391451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Functional+%26+Integrative+Genomics&rft.atitle=Insights+from+20+years+of+bacterial+genome+sequencing&rft.au=Land%2C+Miriam%3BHauser%2C+Loren%3BJun%2C+Se-Ran%3BNookaew%2C+Intawat%3BLeuze%2C+Michael+R%3BAhn%2C+Tae-Hyuk%3BKarpinets%2C+Tatiana%3BLund%2C+Ole%3BKora%2C+Guruprased%3BWassenaar%2C+Trudy%3BPoudel%2C+Suresh%3BUssery%2C+David+W&rft.aulast=Land&rft.aufirst=Miriam&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Functional+%26+Integrative+Genomics&rft.issn=1438793X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10142-015-0433-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 167 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA sequencing; Chromosomes; Epidemiology; Infectious diseases; Nucleotide sequence; DNA methylation; Immunity; genomics; Pathogens; Gene families; Methylation; Models; Bacteria; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10142-015-0433-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advancing polymers of intrinsic microporosity by mechanochemistry AN - 1673382779; PQ0001298491 AB - Herein, we report a fast (15 min) and solvent-free mechanochemical approach to construct polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) with high molecular mass and low polydispersity by solid grinding. The enhanced reaction efficiency results from the instantaneous frictional heating and continuous exposure of active sites within those solid reactants. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Zhang, Pengfei AU - Jiang, Xueguang AU - Wan, Shun AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Chemical Sciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA; , chemistryzpf@163.com Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - Mar 2015 SP - 6739 EP - 6741 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 3 IS - 13 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Energy KW - Polymers KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673382779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Advancing+polymers+of+intrinsic+microporosity+by+mechanochemistry&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Pengfei%3BJiang%2C+Xueguang%3BWan%2C+Shun%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Pengfei&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=6739&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4ta07196d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy; Polymers; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta07196d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risks to global biodiversity fromfossil-fuel production exceed those from biofuel production AN - 1668257976; PQ0001248918 AB - Potential global biodiversity impacts from near-term gasoline production are compared to biofuel, a renewable liquid transportation fuel expected to substitute for gasoline in the near term (i.e.,from now until c. 2030). Petroleum exploration activities are projected to extend across more than 5.8billion ha of land and ocean worldwide (of which 3.1 billion is on land), much of which is in remote, fragile terrestrial ecosystems or off-shore oil fields that would remain relatively undisturbed if not for interest in fossil fuel production. Future biomass production for biofuels is projected to fall within 2.0 billion ha of land, most of which is located in areas already impacted by human activities. A comparison of likely fuel-source areas to the geospatial distribution of species reveals that both energy sources overlap with areas with high species richness and large numbers of threatened species. At the global scale, future petroleum production areas intersect more than double the area and a higher total number of threatened species than future biofuel production. Energy options should be developed to optimize provisioning of ecosystem services while minimizing negative effects, which requires information about potential impacts on critical resources. Energy conservation and identifying and effectively protecting habitats with high-conservation value are critical first steps toward protecting biodiversity under any fuel production scenario. Published in 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd JF - Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Parish, Esther S AU - Kline, Keith L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. PY - 2015 SP - 177 EP - 189 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 1932-104X, 1932-104X KW - Environment Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Fuel technology KW - Gasoline KW - Fuels KW - Biological diversity KW - Biodiversity KW - Refining KW - Energy sources KW - Oil KW - Transportation KW - Petroleum KW - Exploration KW - Species richness KW - Fossil fuels KW - Energy conservation KW - Threatened species KW - Habitat KW - Biomass KW - Terrestrial ecosystems KW - Energy KW - Oceans KW - Oil fields KW - Biofuels KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668257976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.atitle=Risks+to+global+biodiversity+fromfossil-fuel+production+exceed+those+from+biofuel+production&rft.au=Dale%2C+Virginia+H%3BParish%2C+Esther+S%3BKline%2C+Keith+L&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.issn=1932104X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbbb.1528 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fossil fuels; Gasoline; Fuels; Energy conservation; Biodiversity; Refining; Biomass; Habitat; Oil; Terrestrial ecosystems; Petroleum; Oceans; Exploration; Biofuels; Species richness; Fuel technology; Biological diversity; Threatened species; Energy sources; Transportation; Energy; Oil fields DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1528 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate adaptation heuristics and the science/policy divide AN - 1660388314; PQ0001104667 AB - The adaptation science enterprise has expanded rapidly in recent years, presumably in response to growth in demand for knowledge that can facilitate adaptation policy and practice. However, evidence suggests such investments in adaptation science have not necessarily translated into adaptation implementation. One potential constraint on adaptation may be the underlying heuristics that are used as the foundation for both adaptation research and practice. Here, we explore the adaptation academic literature with the objective of identifying adaptation heuristics, assessing the extent to which they have become entrenched within the adaptation discourse, and discussing potential weaknesses in their framing that could undermine adaptation efforts. This investigation is supported by a multi-method analysis that includes both a quantitative content analysis of the adaptation literature that evidences the use of adaptation heuristics and a qualitative analysis of the implications of such heuristics for enhancing or hindering the implementation of adaptation. Results demonstrate that a number of heuristic devices are commonly used in both the peer-reviewed adaptation literature as well as within grey literature designed to inform adaptation practitioners. Furthermore, the apparent lack of critical reflection upon the robustness of these heuristics for diverse contexts may contribute to potential cognitive bias with respect to the framing of adaptation by both researchers and practitioners. We discuss this phenomenon by drawing upon heuristic-analytic theory, which has explanatory utility in understanding both the origins of such heuristics as well as the measures that can be pursued toward the co-generation of more robust approaches to adaptation problem-solving. JF - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change AU - Preston, Benjamin L AU - Mustelin, Johanna AU - Maloney, Megan C AD - Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 2040, MS-6301, One Bethel Valley Road, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6253, USA, prestonbl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 467 EP - 497 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 1381-2386, 1381-2386 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Qualitative analysis KW - Adaptability KW - Public policy and climate KW - Cogeneration KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660388314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.atitle=Climate+adaptation+heuristics+and+the+science%2Fpolicy+divide&rft.au=Preston%2C+Benjamin+L%3BMustelin%2C+Johanna%3BMaloney%2C+Megan+C&rft.aulast=Preston&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.issn=13812386&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11027-013-9503-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 210 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Public policy and climate; Qualitative analysis; Adaptability; Cogeneration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11027-013-9503-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perrhenate incorporation into binary mixed sodalites; the role of anion size and implications for technetium-99 sequestration AN - 1707521266; 2015-084062 AB - Perrhenate (ReO (sub 4) (super -) ), as a TcO (sub 4) (super -) analogue, was incorporated into mixed-anion sodalites from binary solutions containing ReO (sub 4) (super -) and a competing anion X (super n-) (Cl (super -) , CO (sub 3) (super 2-) , SO (sub 4) (super 2-) , MnO (sub 4) (super -) , or WO (sub 4) (super 2-) ). Our objective was to determine the extent of solid solution formation and the dependence of competing ion selectivity on ion size. Using equivalent aqueous concentrations of the anions (ReO (sub 4) (super -) /X (super n-) molar ratio = 1:1), we synthesized mixed-anion sodalites from zeolite and NaOH at 90 degrees C for 96 h. The resulting solids were characterized by bulk chemical analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy to determine crystal structure, chemical composition, morphology, and rhenium (Re) oxidation state. Rhenium in the solid phase occurred predominately as Re(VII)O (sub 4) (super -) in the sodalites, which have a primitive cubic pattern in the space group P43n. The refined unit-cell parameters of the mixed sodalites ranged from 8.88 to 9.15 Aa and showed a linear dependence on the size and mole fraction of the incorporated anion(s). The ReO (sub 4) (super -) selectivity, represented by its distribution coefficient (K (sub d) ), increased in the following order: Cl (super -) < NO (sub 3) (super -) < MnO (sub 4) (super -) and CO (sub 3) (super 2-) < SO (sub 4) (super 2-) < WO (sub 4) (super 2-) for the monovalent and divalent anions, respectively. The relationship between the ReO (sub 4) (super -) distribution coefficient and competing anion size was nonlinear. When the difference in ionic radius (DIR) between ReO (sub 4) (super -) and X (super n-) (n = 1 or 2) was greater than approximately 12%, then ReO (sub 4) (super -) incorporation into sodalite was insignificant. The results imply that anion size is the major factor that determines sodalite anion compositions. Given the similarity in chemical behavior and anion size, ReO (sub 4) (super -) serves as a suitable analogue for TcO (sub 4) (super -) under oxidizing conditions where both elements are expected to remain as oxyanions in the + 7 oxidation state. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Dickson, Johnbull O AU - Harsh, James B AU - Lukens, Wayne W AU - Pierce, Eric M Y1 - 2015/02/24/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 24 SP - 138 EP - 143 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 395 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - silicates KW - hazardous waste KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - radioactive waste KW - XANES spectra KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sodalite group KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - technetium KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - electron microscopy data KW - Tc-99 KW - solid solution KW - X-ray spectra KW - ICP mass spectra KW - metals KW - sodalite KW - waste disposal KW - crystal chemistry KW - SEM data KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Perrhenate+incorporation+into+binary+mixed+sodalites%3B+the+role+of+anion+size+and+implications+for+technetium-99+sequestration&rft.au=Dickson%2C+Johnbull+O%3BHarsh%2C+James+B%3BLukens%2C+Wayne+W%3BPierce%2C+Eric+M&rft.aulast=Dickson&rft.aufirst=Johnbull&rft.date=2015-02-24&rft.volume=395&rft.issue=&rft.spage=138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2014.12.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal chemistry; electron microscopy data; framework silicates; hazardous waste; ICP mass spectra; isotopes; mass spectra; metals; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; SEM data; silicates; sodalite; sodalite group; solid solution; spectra; Tc-99; technetium; waste disposal; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.12.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Algorithmically scalable block preconditioner for fully implicit shallow-water equations in CAM-SE AN - 1832637739; 741119-4 AB - Performing accurate and efficient numerical simulation of global atmospheric climate models is challenging due to the disparate length and time scales over which physical processes interact. Implicit solvers enable the physical system to be integrated with a time step commensurate with processes being studied. The dominant cost of an implicit time step is the ancillary linear system solves, so we have developed a preconditioner aimed at improving the efficiency of these linear system solves. Our preconditioner is based on an approximate block factorization of the linearized shallow-water equations and has been implemented within the spectral element dynamical core within the Community Atmospheric Model (CAM-SE). In this paper, we discuss the development and scalability of the preconditioner for a suite of test cases with the implicit shallow-water solver within CAM-SE. Copyright 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Lott, P Aaron AU - Woodward, Carol S AU - Evans, Katherine J Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 49 EP - 61 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832637739?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Algorithmically+scalable+block+preconditioner+for+fully+implicit+shallow-water+equations+in+CAM-SE&rft.au=Lott%2C+P+Aaron%3BWoodward%2C+Carol+S%3BEvans%2C+Katherine+J&rft.aulast=Lott&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-014-9447-6 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-014-9447-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Separating snow, clean and debris covered ice in the upper Indus Basin, Hindukush-Karakoram-Himalayas, using Landsat images between 1998 and 2002 AN - 1692744504; 2015-060096 AB - The Hindukush Karakoram Himalayan mountains contain some of the largest glaciers of the world, and supply melt water from perennial snow and glaciers to the Upper Indus Basin (UIB) upstream of Tarbela dam, which constitutes greater than 80% of the annual flows, and caters to the needs of millions of people in the Indus Basin. It is therefore important to study the response of perennial snow and glaciers in the UIB under changing climatic conditions, using improved hydrological modeling, glacier mass balance, and observations of glacier responses. However, the available glacier inventories and datasets only provide total perennial-snow and glacier cover areas, despite the fact that snow, clean ice and debris covered ice have different melt rates and densities. This distinction is vital for improved hydrological modeling and mass balance studies. This study, therefore, presents a separated perennial snow and glacier inventory (perennial snow-cover on steep slopes, perennial snow-covered ice, clean and debris covered ice) based on a semi-automated method that combines Landsat images and surface slope information in a supervised maximum likelihood classification to map distinct glacier zones, followed by manual post processing. The accuracy of the presented inventory falls well within the accuracy limits of available snow and glacier inventory products. For the entire UIB, estimates of perennial and/or seasonal snow on steep slopes, snow-covered ice, clean and debris covered ice zones are 7238 + or - 724, 5226 + or - 522, 4695 + or - 469 and 2126 + or - 212 km (super 2) respectively. Thus total snow and glacier cover is 19,285 + or - 1928 km (super 2) , out of which 12,075 + or - 1207 km (super 2) is glacier cover (excluding steep slope snow-cover). Equilibrium Line Altitude (ELA) estimates based on the Snow Line Elevation (SLE) in various watersheds range between 4800 and 5500 m, while the Accumulation Area Ratio (AAR) ranges between 7% and 80%. 0 degrees C isotherms during peak ablation months (July and August) range between approximately 5500 and 6200 m in various watersheds. These outputs can be used as input to hydrological models, to estimate spatially-variable degree day factors for hydrological modeling, to separate glacier and snow-melt contributions in river flows, and to study glacier mass balance, and glacier responses to changing climate. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Khan, Asif AU - Naz, Bibi S AU - Bowling, Laura C Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 46 EP - 64 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 521 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - imagery KW - upper Indus Basin KW - ice cover KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - accumulation area ratio KW - digital terrain models KW - climate change KW - relief KW - Karakoram KW - hypsometry KW - AVHRR KW - debris KW - topography KW - Earth Observing System KW - Indian Peninsula KW - mass balance KW - ice KW - snow KW - Himalayas KW - ASTER instrument KW - Asia KW - climate KW - Indus Basin KW - snow line KW - Shuttle Imaging Radar KW - elevation KW - Hindu Kush KW - glaciers KW - satellite methods KW - models KW - Landsat KW - streamflow KW - isotherms KW - inventory KW - Tarbela Dam KW - SPOT KW - remote sensing KW - MODIS KW - meltwater KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692744504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Separating+snow%2C+clean+and+debris+covered+ice+in+the+upper+Indus+Basin%2C+Hindukush-Karakoram-Himalayas%2C+using+Landsat+images+between+1998+and+2002&rft.au=Khan%2C+Asif%3BNaz%2C+Bibi+S%3BBowling%2C+Laura+C&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Asif&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=521&rft.issue=&rft.spage=46&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2014.11.048 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 118 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accumulation area ratio; Asia; ASTER instrument; atmospheric precipitation; AVHRR; climate; climate change; debris; digital terrain models; Earth Observing System; elevation; glaciers; Himalayas; Hindu Kush; hypsometry; ice; ice cover; imagery; Indian Peninsula; Indus Basin; inventory; isotherms; Karakoram; Landsat; mass balance; meltwater; models; MODIS; relief; remote sensing; satellite methods; Shuttle Imaging Radar; snow; snow line; SPOT; streamflow; Tarbela Dam; topography; upper Indus Basin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.11.048 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Projecting changes in annual hydropower generation using regional runoff data: An assessment of the United States federal hydropower plants AN - 1680437856; PQ0001470818 AB - Federal hydropower plants account for approximately half of installed US conventional hydropower capacity, and are an important part of the national renewable energy portfolio. Utilizing the strong linear relationship between the US Geological Survey WaterWatch runoff and annual hydropower generation, a runoff-based assessment approach is introduced in this study to project changes in annual and regional hydropower generation in multiple power marketing areas. Future climate scenarios are developed with a series of global and regional climate models, and the model output is bias-corrected to be consistent with observed data for the recent past. Using this approach, the median change in annual generation at federal projects is projected to be -2 TWh, with an estimated ensemble uncertainty of + or -9 TWh. Although these estimates are similar to the recently observed variability in annual hydropower generation, and may therefore appear to be manageable, significantly seasonal runoff changes are projected and it may pose significant challenges in water systems with higher limits on reservoir storage and operational flexibility. Future assessments will be improved by incorporating next-generation climate models, by closer examination of extreme events and longer-term change, and by addressing the interactions among hydropower and other water uses. JF - Energy AU - Kao, Shih-Chieh AU - Sale, Michael J AU - Ashfaq, Moetasim AU - Martinez, Rocio Uria AU - Kaiser, Dale P AU - Wei, Yaxing AU - Diffenbaugh, Noah S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, kaos@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/02/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 01 SP - 239 EP - 250 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 80 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Climate change KW - Hydropower KW - Water availability KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Storage KW - Water use KW - USA KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Renewable energy KW - Energy KW - Portfolios KW - Geological surveys KW - Marketing KW - Seasonal variations KW - Reservoirs KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680437856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy&rft.atitle=Projecting+changes+in+annual+hydropower+generation+using+regional+runoff+data%3A+An+assessment+of+the+United+States+federal+hydropower+plants&rft.au=Kao%2C+Shih-Chieh%3BSale%2C+Michael+J%3BAshfaq%2C+Moetasim%3BMartinez%2C+Rocio+Uria%3BKaiser%2C+Dale+P%3BWei%2C+Yaxing%3BDiffenbaugh%2C+Noah+S&rft.aulast=Kao&rft.aufirst=Shih-Chieh&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.energy.2014.11.066 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Water use; Sulfur dioxide; Energy; Renewable energy; Hydroelectric power; Geological surveys; Portfolios; Marketing; Reservoirs; Seasonal variations; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.11.066 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation effects in concrete for nuclear power plants, Part II: Perspective from micromechanical modeling AN - 1677967248; PQ0001360498 AB - The need to understand and characterize the effects of neutron irradiation on concrete has become urgent because of the possible extension of service life of many nuclear power generating stations. Current knowledge is primarily based on a collection of data obtained in test reactors. These data are inherently difficult to interpret because materials and testing conditions are inconsistent. A micromechanical approach based on the Hashin composite sphere model is presented to derive a first-order separation of the effects of radiation on cement paste and aggregate, and, also, on their interaction. Although the scarcity of available data limits the validation of the model, it appears that, without negating a possible gamma-ray induced effect, the neutron-induced damage and swelling of aggregate plays a predominant role on the overall concrete expansion and the damage of the cement paste. The radiation-induced volumetric expansion (RIVE) effects can also be aided by temperature elevation and shrinkage in the cement paste. JF - Nuclear Engineering and Design AU - Le Pape, Y AU - Field, K G AU - Remec, I AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6148, United States lepapeym@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - Feb 2015 SP - 144 EP - 157 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 282 SN - 0029-5493, 0029-5493 KW - Ceramic Abstracts/World Ceramics Abstracts (WC); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Pastes KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Damage KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Cements KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Concretes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1677967248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Radiation+effects+in+concrete+for+nuclear+power+plants%2C+Part+II%3A+Perspective+from+micromechanical+modeling&rft.au=Le+Pape%2C+Y%3BField%2C+K+G%3BRemec%2C+I&rft.aulast=Le+Pape&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=282&rft.issue=&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=00295493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.nucengdes.2014.10.014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2014.10.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation effects in concrete for nuclear power plants - Part I: Quantification of radiation exposure and radiation effects AN - 1677960016; PQ0001360497 AB - A large fraction of light water reactor (LWR) construction utilizes concrete, including safety-related structures such as the biological shielding and containment building. Concrete is an inherently complex material, with the properties of concrete structures changing over their lifetime due to the intrinsic nature of concrete and influences from local environment. As concrete structures within LWRs age, the total neutron fluence exposure of the components, in particular the biological shield, can increase to levels where deleterious effects are introduced as a result of neutron irradiation. This work summarizes the current state of the art on irradiated concrete, including a review of the current literature and estimates the total neutron fluence expected in biological shields in typical LWR configurations. It was found a first-order mechanism for loss of mechanical properties of irradiated concrete is due to radiation-induced swelling of aggregates, which leads to volumetric expansion of the concrete. This phenomena is estimated to occur near the end of life of biological shield components in LWRs based on calculations of estimated peak neutron fluence in the shield after 80 years of operation. JF - Nuclear Engineering and Design AU - Field, K G AU - Remec, I AU - Le Pape, Y AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6136, United States fieldkg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - Feb 2015 SP - 126 EP - 143 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 282 SN - 0029-5493, 0029-5493 KW - Ceramic Abstracts/World Ceramics Abstracts (WC); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Shields KW - Concrete structures KW - Biological KW - Fluence KW - Light water reactors KW - Concretes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1677960016?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Radiation+effects+in+concrete+for+nuclear+power+plants+-+Part+I%3A+Quantification+of+radiation+exposure+and+radiation+effects&rft.au=Field%2C+K+G%3BRemec%2C+I%3BLe+Pape%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=282&rft.issue=&rft.spage=126&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=00295493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.nucengdes.2014.10.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 98 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2014.10.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prospects for reducing the processing cost of lithium ion batteries AN - 1677908359; PQ0001285634 AB - A detailed processing cost breakdown is given for lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrodes, which focuses on: 1) elimination of toxic, costly N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) dispersion chemistry; 2) doubling the thicknesses of the anode and cathode to raise energy density; and 3) reduction of the anode electrolyte wetting and SEI-layer formation time. These processing cost reduction technologies generically adaptable to any anode or cathode cell chemistry and are being implemented at ORNL This paper shows step by step how these cost savings can be realized in existing or new LIB manufacturing plants using a baseline case of thin (power) electrodes produced with NMP processing and a standard 10-14-day wetting and formation process. In particular, it is shown that aqueous electrode processing can cut the electrode processing cost and energy consumption by an order of magnitude. Doubling the thickness of the electrodes allows for using half of the inactive current collectors and separators, contributing even further to the processing cost savings. Finally wetting and SEI-layer formation cost savings are discussed in the context of a protocol with significantly reduced time. These three benefits collectively offer the possibility of reducing LIB pack cost from $502.8 kW h super(-1)-usable to $370.3 kW h super(-1)-usable, a savings of $132.5/kWh (or 26.4%). JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Wood, David L, III AU - Li, Jianlin AU - Daniel, Claus AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Energy & Transportation Science Division, One Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA wooddl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/02/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 01 SP - 234 EP - 242 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 275 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Lithium-ion battery KW - Cost reduction study KW - Electrode processing KW - Aqueous colloidal chemistry KW - Thick electrodes KW - Formation cycle KW - Cathodes KW - Cost engineering KW - Formations KW - Wetting KW - Electrodes KW - Anodes KW - Reduction (electrolytic) KW - Lithium batteries KW - Energy density UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1677908359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Prospects+for+reducing+the+processing+cost+of+lithium+ion+batteries&rft.au=Wood%2C+David+L%2C+III%3BLi%2C+Jianlin%3BDaniel%2C+Claus&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=275&rft.issue=&rft.spage=234&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2014.11.019 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.11.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Progress on matrix SiC processing and properties for fully ceramic microencapsulated fuel form AN - 1673384859; PQ0001285543 AB - The consolidation mechanism and resulting properties of the silicon carbide (SiC) matrix of fully ceramic microencapsulated (FCM) fuel form are discussed. The matrix is produced via the nano-infiltration transient eutectic-forming (NITE) process. Coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, and strength characteristics of this SiC matrix have been characterized in the unirradiated state. An ad hoc methodology for estimation of thermal conductivity of the neutron-irradiated NITE-SiC matrix is also provided to aid fuel performance modeling efforts specific to this concept. Finally, specific processing methods developed for production of an optimal and reliable fuel form using this process are summarized. These various sections collectively report the progress made to date on production of optimal FCM fuel form to enable its application in light water and advanced reactors. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Terrani, K A AU - Kiggans, J O AU - Silva, C M AU - Shih, C AU - Katoh, Y AU - Snead, L L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, terranika@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - Feb 2015 SP - 9 EP - 17 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 457 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Ceramics KW - Silicon KW - Thermal expansion KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Thermal conductivity KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Radioactive materials KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673384859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Progress+on+matrix+SiC+processing+and+properties+for+fully+ceramic+microencapsulated+fuel+form&rft.au=Terrani%2C+K+A%3BKiggans%2C+J+O%3BSilva%2C+C+M%3BShih%2C+C%3BKatoh%2C+Y%3BSnead%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Terrani&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=457&rft.issue=&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.10.034 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ceramics; Silicon; Nuclear reactors; Thermal expansion; Thermal conductivity; Fuels; Radioactive materials; Nuclear fuels DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.10.034 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How oxidation and dissolution in diabase and granite control porosity during weathering AN - 1664439470; 2015-026583 AB - Weathering extends to shallower depths on diabase than granite ridgetops despite similar climate and geomorphological regimes of denudation in the Virginia (United States) Piedmont. Deeper weathering has been attributed to advective transport of solutes in granitic rock compared to diffusive transport in diabase. We use neutron scattering (NS) techniques to quantify the total and connected submillimeter porosity (nominal diameters between 1 nm and 10 mu m) and specific surface area (SSA) during weathering. The internal surface of each unweathered rock is characterized as both a mass fractal and a surface fractal. The mass fractal describes the distribution of pores ( approximately 300 nm to approximately 5 mu m) along grain boundaries and triple junctions. The surface fractal is interpreted as the distribution of smaller features (1-300 nm), that is, the bumps (or irregularities) at the grain-pore interface. The earliest porosity development in the granite is driven by microfracturing of biotite, which leads to the introduction of fluids that initiate dissolution of other silicates. Once plagioclase weathering begins, porosity increases significantly and the mass + surface fractal typical for unweathered granite transforms to a surface fractal as infiltration of fluids continues. In contrast, the mass + surface fractal does not transform to a surface fractal during weathering of the diabase, perhaps consistent with the interpretation that solute transport is dominated by diffusion in that rock. The difference in regolith thickness between granite and diabase is likely due to the different mechanisms of solute transport across the primary silicate reaction front. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Bazilevskaya, Ekaterina AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Mildner, David F R AU - Pavich, Milan AU - Cole, David AU - Bhatt, Maya P AU - Jin, Lixin AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Brantley, Susan L Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 55 EP - 73 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 79 IS - 1 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - tomography KW - silicates KW - calcium KW - neutron methods KW - granites KW - mechanism KW - Appalachians KW - plutonic rocks KW - neutron scattering KW - weathered materials KW - Fairfax County Virginia KW - framework silicates KW - North America KW - chemical weathering KW - plagioclase KW - Virginia KW - Quaternary KW - electron microscopy data KW - X-ray spectra KW - porosity KW - depth KW - EDS spectra KW - saprolite KW - parent materials KW - upper Holocene KW - feldspar group KW - SEM data KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - magnesium KW - igneous rocks KW - solution KW - Holocene KW - modern KW - Cenozoic KW - major elements KW - transport KW - denudation KW - reactive transport KW - spectra KW - mass transfer KW - alkaline earth metals KW - oxidation KW - alkali metals KW - fluid flow KW - sodium KW - advection KW - weathering KW - focused ion beam KW - metals KW - infiltration KW - sulfur KW - wave dispersion KW - computed tomography data KW - diabase KW - Piedmont KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664439470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=How+oxidation+and+dissolution+in+diabase+and+granite+control+porosity+during+weathering&rft.au=Bazilevskaya%2C+Ekaterina%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BMildner%2C+David+F+R%3BPavich%2C+Milan%3BCole%2C+David%3BBhatt%2C+Maya+P%3BJin%2C+Lixin%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BBrantley%2C+Susan+L&rft.aulast=Bazilevskaya&rft.aufirst=Ekaterina&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2014.04.0135 L2 - https://www.soils.org/publications/sssaj LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 64 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; Appalachians; calcium; Cenozoic; chemical weathering; computed tomography data; denudation; depth; diabase; EDS spectra; electron microscopy data; Fairfax County Virginia; feldspar group; fluid flow; focused ion beam; framework silicates; granites; Holocene; igneous rocks; infiltration; magnesium; major elements; mass transfer; mechanism; metals; modern; neutron methods; neutron scattering; North America; oxidation; parent materials; Piedmont; plagioclase; plutonic rocks; porosity; Quaternary; reactive transport; saprolite; SEM data; silicates; sodium; solute transport; solution; spectra; sulfur; tomography; transport; United States; upper Holocene; Virginia; wave dispersion; weathered materials; weathering; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2014.04.0135 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Community Analysis of Plant Biomass-Degrading Microorganisms from Obsidian Pool, Yellowstone National Park AN - 1660434849; PQ0001029593 AB - The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into biofuels can potentially be improved by employing robust microorganisms and enzymes that efficiently deconstruct plant polysaccharides at elevated temperatures. Many of the geothermal features of Yellowstone National Park (YNP) are surrounded by vegetation providing a source of allochthonic material to support heterotrophic microbial communities adapted to utilize plant biomass as a primary carbon and energy source. In this study, a well-known hot spring environment, Obsidian Pool (OBP), was examined for potential biomass-active microorganisms using cultivation-independent and enrichment techniques. Analysis of 33,684 archaeal and 43,784 bacterial quality-filtered 16S rRNA gene pyrosequences revealed that archaeal diversity in the main pool was higher than bacterial; however, in the vegetated area, overall bacterial diversity was significantly higher. Of notable interest was a flooded depression adjacent to OBP supporting a stand of Juncus tweedyi, a heat-tolerant rush commonly found growing near geothermal features in YNP. The microbial community from heated sediments surrounding the plants was enriched in members of the Firmicutes including potentially (hemi)cellulolytic bacteria from the genera Clostridium, Anaerobacter, Caloramator, Caldicellulosiruptor, and Thermoanaerobacter. Enrichment cultures containing model and real biomass substrates were established at a wide range of temperatures (55-85 degree C). Microbial activity was observed up to 80 degree C on all substrates including Avicel, xylan, switchgrass, and Populus sp. Independent of substrate, Caloramator was enriched at lower (65 degree C) temperatures. JF - Microbial Ecology AU - Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A AU - Hamilton-Brehm, Scott D AU - Podar, Mircea AU - Mosher, Jennifer J AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Keller, Martin AU - Elkins, James G AD - BioEnergy Science Center, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, elkinsjg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 333 EP - 345 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 0095-3628, 0095-3628 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Clostridium KW - Cellulolytic bacteria KW - Populus KW - National parks KW - Genetic diversity KW - Hot springs KW - Cell culture KW - Polysaccharides KW - Carbon KW - Substrate preferences KW - Juncus tweedyi KW - Caldicellulosiruptor KW - Temperature effects KW - Depression KW - Aquatic plants KW - Vegetation KW - Enzymes KW - Firmicutes KW - Thermoanaerobacter KW - Biomass KW - Sediments KW - Dominant species KW - Xylan KW - USA, Wyoming, Yellowstone Natl. Park, Obsidian Pool KW - Energy KW - Energy resources KW - Obsidian KW - Plant communities KW - Microorganisms KW - rRNA 16S KW - Biofuels KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - A 01390:Forestry KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660434849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Ecology&rft.atitle=Community+Analysis+of+Plant+Biomass-Degrading+Microorganisms+from+Obsidian+Pool%2C+Yellowstone+National+Park&rft.au=Vishnivetskaya%2C+Tatiana+A%3BHamilton-Brehm%2C+Scott+D%3BPodar%2C+Mircea%3BMosher%2C+Jennifer+J%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BKeller%2C+Martin%3BElkins%2C+James+G&rft.aulast=Vishnivetskaya&rft.aufirst=Tatiana&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Ecology&rft.issn=00953628&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00248-014-0500-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dominant species; Substrate preferences; Energy resources; Obsidian; Aquatic plants; Microorganisms; Hot springs; Genetic diversity; Polysaccharides; Temperature effects; Depression; Cellulolytic bacteria; National parks; Enzymes; Vegetation; Cell culture; Biomass; Sediments; Carbon; Xylan; Energy; Plant communities; rRNA 16S; Biofuels; Clostridium; Populus; Juncus tweedyi; Caldicellulosiruptor; Thermoanaerobacter; Firmicutes; USA, Wyoming, Yellowstone Natl. Park, Obsidian Pool DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-014-0500-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional strategies drive community assembly of stream fishes along environmental gradients and across spatial scales AN - 1660407178; PQ0001017509 AB - Trade-offs among functional traits produce multi-trait strategies that shape species' interactions with the environment and drive the assembly of local communities from regional species pools. Stream fish communities vary along stream size gradients and among hierarchically structured habitat patches, but little is known about how the dispersion of strategies varies along environmental gradients and across spatial scales. We used null models to quantify the dispersion of reproductive life history, feeding, and locomotion strategies in communities sampled at three spatial scales in a prairie stream network in Kansas, USA. Strategies were generally underdispersed at all spatial scales, corroborating the longstanding notion of abiotic filtering in stream fish communities. We tested for variation in strategy dispersion along a gradient of stream size and between headwater streams draining different ecoregions. Reproductive life history strategies became increasingly underdispersed moving from downstream to upstream, suggesting that abiotic filtering is stronger in headwaters. This pattern was stronger among reaches compared to mesohabitats, supporting the premise that differences in hydrologic regime among reaches filter reproductive life history strategies. Feeding strategies became increasingly underdispersed moving from upstream to downstream, indicating that environmental filters associated with stream size affect the dispersion of feeding and reproductive life history in opposing ways. Weak differences in strategy dispersion were detected between ecoregions, suggesting that different abiotic filters or strategies drive community differences between ecoregions. Given the pervasiveness of multi-trait strategies in plant and animal communities, we conclude that the assessment of strategy dispersion offers a comprehensive approach for elucidating mechanisms of community assembly. JF - Oecologia AU - Troia, Matthew J AU - Gido, Keith B AD - Division of Biology, Kansas State University, 116 Ackert Hall, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA, troiamj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 545 EP - 559 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 177 IS - 2 SN - 0029-8549, 0029-8549 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Spatial distribution KW - Ecological distribution KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Streams KW - Models KW - Pisces KW - Prairies KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Locomotion KW - Upstream KW - Downstream KW - Modelling KW - Feeding KW - USA, Kansas KW - Habitat KW - Filters KW - Life history KW - Scales KW - Stream KW - Plant communities KW - Fish KW - Local communities KW - Dispersion KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - ENA 21:Wildlife UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660407178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=Functional+strategies+drive+community+assembly+of+stream+fishes+along+environmental+gradients+and+across+spatial+scales&rft.au=Troia%2C+Matthew+J%3BGido%2C+Keith+B&rft.aulast=Troia&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=177&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oecologia&rft.issn=00298549&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00442-014-3178-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Interspecific relationships; Locomotion; Ecological distribution; Stream; Freshwater fish; Modelling; Dispersion; Filters; Prairies; Feeding; Life history; Scales; Plant communities; Habitat; Streams; Models; Spatial distribution; Upstream; Downstream; Fish; Local communities; Pisces; USA, Kansas; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-3178-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stoichiometry and temperature sensitivity of methanogenesis and CO sub(2) production from saturated polygonal tundra in Barrow, Alaska AN - 1660399013; PQ0001007415 AB - Arctic permafrost ecosystems store ~50% of global belowground carbon (C) that is vulnerable to increased microbial degradation with warmer active layer temperatures and thawing of the near surface permafrost. We used anoxic laboratory incubations to estimate anaerobic CO sub(2) production and methanogenesis in active layer (organic and mineral soil horizons) and permafrost samples from center, ridge and trough positions of water-saturated low-centered polygon in Barrow Environmental Observatory, Barrow AK, USA. Methane (CH sub(4)) and CO sub(2) production rates and concentrations were determined at -2, +4, or +8 degree C for 60 day incubation period. Temporal dynamics of CO sub(2) production and methanogenesis at -2 degree C showed evidence of fundamentally different mechanisms of substrate limitation and inhibited microbial growth at soil water freezing points compared to warmer temperatures. Nonlinear regression better modeled the initial rates and estimates of Q sub(10) values for CO sub(2) that showed higher sensitivity in the organic-rich soils of polygon center and trough than the relatively drier ridge soils. Methanogenesis generally exhibited a lag phase in the mineral soils that was significantly longer at -2 degree C in all horizons. Such discontinuity in CH sub(4) production between -2 degree C and the elevated temperatures (+4 and +8 degree C) indicated the insufficient representation of methanogenesis on the basis of Q sub(10) values estimated from both linear and nonlinear models. Production rates for both CH sub(4) and CO sub(2) were substantially higher in organic horizons (20% to 40% wt. C) at all temperatures relative to mineral horizons (<20% wt. C). Permafrost horizon (~12% wt. C) produced ~5-fold less CO sub(2) than the active layer and negligible CH sub(4). High concentrations of initial exchangeable Fe(II) and increasing accumulation rates signified the role of iron as terminal electron acceptors for anaerobic C degradation in the mineral horizons. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Roy Chowdhury, Taniya AU - Herndon, Elizabeth M AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Elias, Dwayne A AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Graham, David E AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS-6038, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 722 EP - 737 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Lag phase KW - Degradation KW - Soil temperature KW - Permafrost KW - Methanogenesis KW - Models KW - Thawing KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Tundra KW - Vulnerability KW - Temperature effects KW - PNW, USA, Alaska, Barrow KW - Sensitivity KW - Methane KW - Temperature KW - Freezing KW - Polar environments KW - Ridges KW - PN, Arctic KW - Freezing point KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Iron KW - Minerals KW - Soil horizons KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660399013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Stoichiometry+and+temperature+sensitivity+of+methanogenesis+and+CO+sub%282%29+production+from+saturated+polygonal+tundra+in+Barrow%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Roy+Chowdhury%2C+Taniya%3BHerndon%2C+Elizabeth+M%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BElias%2C+Dwayne+A%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BGraham%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Roy+Chowdhury&rft.aufirst=Taniya&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=722&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgcb.12762 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Lag phase; Methane; Freezing; Permafrost; Soil temperature; Methanogenesis; Thawing; Models; Carbon; Tundra; Carbon dioxide; Minerals; Iron; Soil horizons; Sensitivity; Degradation; Temperature; Polar environments; Ridges; Soil; Freezing point; Vulnerability; PN, Arctic; PNW, USA, Alaska, Barrow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12762 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of cellulose crystallinity from powder diffraction diagrams AN - 1635015393; 21033304 AB - One-dimensional (1D) (spherically averaged) powder diffraction diagrams are commonly used to determine the degree of cellulose crystallinity in biomass samples. Here, it is shown using molecular modeling how disorder in cellulose fibrils can lead to considerable uncertainty in conclusions drawn concerning crystallinity based on 1D powder diffraction data alone. For example, cellulose microfibrils that contain both crystalline and noncrystalline segments can lead to powder diffraction diagrams lacking identifiable peaks, while microfibrils without any crystalline segments can lead to such peaks. This leads to false positives, that is, assigning disordered cellulose as crystalline, and false negatives, that is, categorizing fibrils with crystalline segments as amorphous. The reliable determination of the fraction of crystallinity in any given biomass sample will require a more sophisticated approach combining detailed experiment and simulation. copyright 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 103: 67-73, 2015. JF - Biopolymers AU - Lindner, Benjamin AU - Petridis, Loukas AU - Langan, Paul AU - Smith, Jeremy C AD - Biosciences Division, UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Bldg. 6011, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6309. Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - Feb 2015 SP - 67 EP - 73 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 103 IS - 2 SN - 0006-3525, 0006-3525 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Powder KW - Molecular modelling KW - Crystallinity KW - Data processing KW - Cellulose KW - Microfibrils KW - Biopolymers KW - Diffraction KW - Biomass KW - Fibrils KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1635015393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biopolymers&rft.atitle=Determination+of+cellulose+crystallinity+from+powder+diffraction+diagrams&rft.au=Lindner%2C+Benjamin%3BPetridis%2C+Loukas%3BLangan%2C+Paul%3BSmith%2C+Jeremy+C&rft.aulast=Lindner&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biopolymers&rft.issn=00063525&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbip.22555 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Molecular modelling; Powder; Crystallinity; Data processing; Cellulose; Biopolymers; Microfibrils; Diffraction; Biomass; Fibrils DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.22555 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - North America's net terrestrial CO2 exchange with the atmosphere 1990-2009 AN - 1660413363; PQ0001010622 AB - Scientific understanding of the global carbon cycle is required for developing national and international policy to mitigate fossil fuel CO2 emissions by managing terrestrial carbon uptake. Toward that understanding and as a contribution to the REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes (RECCAP) project, this paper provides a synthesis of net land-atmosphere CO2 exchange for North America (Canada, United States, and Mexico) over the period 1990-2009. Only CO2 is considered, not methane or other greenhouse gases. This synthesis is based on results from three different methods: atmospheric inversion, inventory-based methods and terrestrial biosphere modeling. All methods indicate that the North American land surface was a sink for atmospheric CO2, with a net transfer from atmosphere to land. Estimates ranged from -890 to -280 Tg C yr-1, where the mean of atmospheric inversion estimates forms the lower bound of that range (a larger land sink) and the inventory-based estimate using the production approach the upper (a smaller land sink). This relatively large range is due in part to differences in how the approaches represent trade, fire and other disturbances and which ecosystems they include. Integrating across estimates, "best" estimates (i.e., measures of central tendency) are -472 plus or minus 281 Tg C yr-1 based on the mean and standard deviation of the distribution and -360 Tg C yr-1 (with an interquartile range of -496 to -337) based on the median. Considering both the fossil fuel emissions source and the land sink, our analysis shows that North America was, however, a net contributor to the growth of CO2 in the atmosphere in the late 20th and early 21st century. With North America's mean annual fossil fuel CO2 emissions for the period 1990-2009 equal to 1720 Tg C yr-1 and assuming the estimate of -472 Tg C yr-1 as an approximation of the true terrestrial CO2 sink, the continent's source : sink ratio for this time period was 1720:472, or nearly 4:1. JF - Biogeosciences AU - King, A W AU - Andres, R J AU - Davis, K J AU - Hafer, M AU - Hayes, D J AU - Huntzinger, D N AU - de Jong, B AU - Kurz, W A AU - McGuire, A D AU - Vargas, R AD - Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Y1 - 2015/01/21/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jan 21 SP - 399 EP - 414 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Trade KW - Ecosystems KW - Biosphere KW - Atmosphere KW - Emissions KW - Carbon dioxide emissions KW - Methane KW - Fires KW - Fossil fuels KW - Carbon cycle KW - Inversions KW - International policy KW - USA KW - Mexico KW - Standard deviation KW - Canada KW - Inversion KW - Uptake KW - Land-atmosphere interaction KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660413363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=North+America%27s+net+terrestrial+CO2+exchange+with+the+atmosphere+1990-2009&rft.au=King%2C+A+W%3BAndres%2C+R+J%3BDavis%2C+K+J%3BHafer%2C+M%3BHayes%2C+D+J%3BHuntzinger%2C+D+N%3Bde+Jong%2C+B%3BKurz%2C+W+A%3BMcGuire%2C+A+D%3BVargas%2C+R&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-01-21&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fbg-12-399-2015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Methane; Standard deviation; Fossil fuels; Inversion; Carbon cycle; Biosphere; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide; Atmosphere; Ecosystems; Land-atmosphere interaction; Carbon dioxide emissions; Inversions; Trade; International policy; Emissions; Uptake; USA; Mexico; Canada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-399-2015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis of two-dimensional materials by selective extraction. AN - 1652428542; 25489991 AB - CONSPECTUS: Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted much attention in the past decade. They offer high specific surface area, as well as electronic structure and properties that differ from their bulk counterparts due to the low dimensionality. Graphene is the best known and the most studied 2D material, but metal oxides and hydroxides (including clays), dichalcogenides, boron nitride (BN), and other materials that are one or several atoms thick are receiving increasing attention. They may deliver a combination of properties that cannot be provided by other materials. The most common synthesis approach in general is by reacting different elements or compounds to form a new compound. However, this approach does not necessarily work well for low-dimensional structures, since it favors formation of energetically preferred 3D (bulk) solids. Many 2D materials are produced by exfoliation of van der Waals solids, such as graphite or MoS2, breaking large particles into 2D layers. However, these approaches are not universal; for example, 2D transition metal carbides cannot be produced by any of them. An alternative but less studied way of material synthesis is the selective extraction process, which is based on the difference in reactivity and stability between the different components (elements or structural units) of the original material. It can be achieved using thermal, chemical, or electrochemical processes. Many 2D materials have been synthesized using selective extraction, such as graphene from SiC, transition metal oxides (TMO) from layered 3D salts, and transition metal carbides or carbonitrides (MXenes) from MAX phases. Selective extraction synthesis is critically important when the bonds between the building blocks of the material are too strong (e.g., in carbides) to be broken mechanically in order to form nanostructures. Unlike extractive metallurgy, where the extracted metal is the goal of the process, selective extraction of one or more elements from the precursor materials releases 2D structures. In this Account, in addition to graphene and TMO, we focused on MXenes as an example for the use of selective extraction synthesis to produce novel 2D materials. About 10 new carbides and carbonitrides of transition metals have been produced by this method in the past 3 years. They offer an unusual combination of metallic conductivity and hydrophilicity and show very attractive electrochemical properties. We hope that this Account will encourage researchers to extend the use of selective extraction to other layered material systems that in turn will result in expanding the world of nanomaterials in general and 2D materials in particular, generating new materials that cannot be produced by other means. JF - Accounts of chemical research AU - Naguib, Michael AU - Gogotsi, Yury AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37381, United States. Y1 - 2015/01/20/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jan 20 SP - 128 EP - 135 VL - 48 IS - 1 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1652428542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Accounts+of+chemical+research&rft.atitle=Synthesis+of+two-dimensional+materials+by+selective+extraction.&rft.au=Naguib%2C+Michael%3BGogotsi%2C+Yury&rft.aulast=Naguib&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-01-20&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Accounts+of+chemical+research&rft.issn=1520-4898&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Far500346b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-05-21 N1 - Date created - 2015-01-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ar500346b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synergy of elastic and inelastic energy loss on ion track formation in SrTiO₃. AN - 1645230004; 25578009 AB - While the interaction of energetic ions with solids is well known to result in inelastic energy loss to electrons and elastic energy loss to atomic nuclei in the solid, the coupled effects of these energy losses on defect production, nanostructure evolution and phase transformations in ionic and covalently bonded materials are complex and not well understood due to dependencies on electron-electron scattering processes, electron-phonon coupling, localized electronic excitations, diffusivity of charged defects, and solid-state radiolysis. Here we show that a colossal synergy occurs between inelastic energy loss and pre-existing atomic defects created by elastic energy loss in single crystal strontium titanate (SrTiO₃), resulting in the formation of nanometer-sized amorphous tracks, but only in the narrow region with pre-existing defects. These defects locally decrease the electronic and atomic thermal conductivities and increase electron-phonon coupling, which locally increase the intensity of the thermal spike for each ion. This work identifies a major gap in understanding on the role of defects in electronic energy dissipation and electron-phonon coupling; it also provides insights for creating novel interfaces and nanostructures to functionalize thin film structures, including tunable electronic, ionic, magnetic and optical properties. JF - Scientific reports AU - Weber, William J AU - Zarkadoula, Eva AU - Pakarinen, Olli H AU - Sachan, Ritesh AU - Chisholm, Matthew F AU - Liu, Peng AU - Xue, Haizhou AU - Jin, Ke AU - Zhang, Yanwen AD - 1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA [2] Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. ; Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. Y1 - 2015/01/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jan 12 SP - 7726 VL - 5 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645230004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Synergy+of+elastic+and+inelastic+energy+loss+on+ion+track+formation+in+SrTiO%E2%82%83.&rft.au=Weber%2C+William+J%3BZarkadoula%2C+Eva%3BPakarinen%2C+Olli+H%3BSachan%2C+Ritesh%3BChisholm%2C+Matthew+F%3BLiu%2C+Peng%3BXue%2C+Haizhou%3BJin%2C+Ke%3BZhang%2C+Yanwen&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2015-01-12&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=7726&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep07726 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-03-30 N1 - Date created - 2015-01-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Sci Rep. 2014;4:5742 [25034006] Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2014 May 7;16(17):8051-9 [24651953] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07726 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Representing northern peatland microtopography and hydrology within the Community Land Model AN - 1861112267; 765129-14 AB - Predictive understanding of northern peatland hydrology is a necessary precursor to understanding the fate of massive carbon stores in these systems under the influence of present and future climate change. Current models have begun to address microtopographic controls on peatland hydrology, but none have included a prognostic calculation of peatland water table depth for a vegetated wetland, independent of prescribed regional water tables. We introduce here a new configuration of the Community Land Model (CLM) which includes a fully prognostic water table calculation for a vegetated peatland. Our structural and process changes to CLM focus on modifications needed to represent the hydrologic cycle of bogs environment with perched water tables, as well as distinct hydrologic dynamics and vegetation communities of the raised hummock and sunken hollow microtopography characteristic of peatland bogs. The modified model was parameterized and independently evaluated against observations from an ombrotrophic raised-dome bog in northern Minnesota (S1-Bog), the site for the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Climatic and Environmental Change experiment (SPRUCE). Simulated water table levels compared well with site-level observations. The new model predicts hydrologic changes in response to planned warming at the SPRUCE site. At present, standing water is commonly observed in bog hollows after large rainfall events during the growing season, but simulations suggest a sharp decrease in water table levels due to increased evapotranspiration under the most extreme warming level, nearly eliminating the occurrence of standing water in the growing season. Simulated soil energy balance was strongly influenced by reduced winter snowpack under warming simulations, with the warming influence on soil temperature partly offset by the loss of insulating snowpack in early and late winter. The new model provides improved predictive capacity for seasonal hydrological dynamics in northern peatlands, and provides a useful foundation for investigation of northern peatland carbon exchange. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Shi, X AU - Thornton, P E AU - Ricciuto, D M AU - Hanson, P J AU - Mao, J AU - Sebestyen, S D AU - Griffiths, N A AU - Bisht, G Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 6463 EP - 6477 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Union, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 12 IS - 21 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861112267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Representing+northern+peatland+microtopography+and+hydrology+within+the+Community+Land+Model&rft.au=Shi%2C+X%3BThornton%2C+P+E%3BRicciuto%2C+D+M%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BMao%2C+J%3BSebestyen%2C+S+D%3BGriffiths%2C+N+A%3BBisht%2C+G&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=6463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.biogeosciences.net/12/6463/2015/bg-12-6463-2015.pdf http://www.biogeosciences.net LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atom probe tomography and visible/near-infrared spectral analysis of simulated solar wind hydrogen implanted olivine AN - 1832682468; 768623-82 JF - Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society AU - Kuhlman, K R AU - Poplawsky, J D AU - Hiroi, T AU - Baba, K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 EP - Abstract no. 5034 PB - The Society, [United States] VL - 78 SN - 0735-049X, 0735-049X KW - tomography KW - silicates KW - near-infrared spectra KW - experimental studies KW - irradiation KW - optical spectra KW - solar wind KW - olivine group KW - atom probe tomography KW - San Carlos Olivine KW - weathering KW - iron KW - depth KW - nesosilicates KW - focused ion beam KW - space weathering KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - olivine KW - orthosilicates KW - planetology KW - spectra KW - nanophase iron KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832682468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+of+the+Meteoritical+Society&rft.atitle=Atom+probe+tomography+and+visible%2Fnear-infrared+spectral+analysis+of+simulated+solar+wind+hydrogen+implanted+olivine&rft.au=Kuhlman%2C+K+R%3BPoplawsky%2C+J+D%3BHiroi%2C+T%3BBaba%2C+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kuhlman&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+of+the+Meteoritical+Society&rft.issn=0735049X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/metsoc2015/pdf/5034.pdf http://meteoriticalsociety.org/?page_id=18 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 78th annual meeting of the Meteoritical Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atom probe tomography; depth; experimental studies; focused ion beam; hydrogen; iron; irradiation; metals; nanophase iron; near-infrared spectra; nesosilicates; olivine; olivine group; optical spectra; orthosilicates; planetology; San Carlos Olivine; silicates; solar wind; space weathering; spectra; tomography; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of hydraulic fracturing and surface mining on chemical and isotope compositions of shallow groundwater in the central Appalachian Basin, eastern United States AN - 1819897819; 2016-078014 AB - Hydraulic fracturing of shale deposits has greatly increased the productivity of the natural gas industry by allowing it to exploit previously inaccessible reservoirs. Previous research has demonstrated that this practice has the potential to contaminate shallow aquifers with methane (CH (sub 4) ) from deeper formations. This study compares concentrations and isotopic compositions of CH (sub 4) sampled from domestic groundwater wells in Letcher County, Eastern Kentucky in order to characterize its occurrence and origins in relation to both neighboring hydraulically fractured natural gas wells and surface coal mines. The studied groundwater showed elevated CH (sub 4) concentrations ranging from 0.05 mg/L to 10 mg/L (mean: 4.92 mg/L). This was considerably lower compared to the northern Appalachian Basin where the CH (sub 4) concentrations reach as high as 70 mg/L. The delta (super 13) C values of CH (sub 4) ranged from -66 ppm to -16 ppm (mean: -46 ppm), and delta (super 2) H values ranged from -286 ppm to -86 ppm (mean -204 ppm), suggesting an immature thermogenic and mixed biogenic/thermogenic origin. The occurrence of CH (sub 4) was not correlated with proximity to hydraulically fractured natural gas wells. Generally, CH (sub 4) occurrence corresponded with groundwater abundant in Na+, Cl-, and HCO (sub 3) (super -) , and with low concentrations of SO (sub 4) (super 2-) . The CH (sub 4) and SO (sub 4) (super 2-) concentrations were best predicted by the oxidation/reduction potential of the studied groundwater. CH (sub 4) was abundant in more reducing waters, and SO (sub 4) (super 2-) was more abundant in more oxidizing waters. Additionally, groundwater in greater proximity to surface mining was more likely to be oxidized. This, in turn, might have increased the likelihood of CH (sub 4) oxidation in shallow groundwater. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Szynkiewicz, Anna AU - LeDoux, St Thomas Majeau AU - Mayes, Melanie AU - Faiia, Anthony M AU - McKinney, Michael L AU - Dean, W Gray AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 692 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819897819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+hydraulic+fracturing+and+surface+mining+on+chemical+and+isotope+compositions+of+shallow+groundwater+in+the+central+Appalachian+Basin%2C+eastern+United+States&rft.au=Szynkiewicz%2C+Anna%3BLeDoux%2C+St+Thomas+Majeau%3BMayes%2C+Melanie%3BFaiia%2C+Anthony+M%3BMcKinney%2C+Michael+L%3BDean%2C+W+Gray%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Szynkiewicz&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=692&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2015 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of hydration layers and magnetic transitions on the stability of Fe-oxide nanoparticles AN - 1807506690; 2016-066100 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Ross, N L AU - Spencer, E C AU - Woodfield, B F AU - Kolesnikov, A I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2692 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - hydration KW - iron oxides KW - hematite KW - surface water KW - stability KW - oxides KW - heat capacity KW - effects KW - nanoparticles KW - temperature KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807506690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Effect+of+hydration+layers+and+magnetic+transitions+on+the+stability+of+Fe-oxide+nanoparticles&rft.au=Ross%2C+N+L%3BSpencer%2C+E+C%3BWoodfield%2C+B+F%3BKolesnikov%2C+A+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2692&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2692.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - effects; heat capacity; hematite; hydration; iron oxides; magnetite; nanoparticles; oxides; stability; surface water; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Method development and early testing of molecular probes for the microbial mercury methylation gene pair hgcAB AN - 1800395034; 2016-057707 AB - The identification of a gene pair responsible for microbial methylmercury (MeHg) production, hgcAB, provides a foundation for evaluating the distribution of Hg-methylating microbes in nature. To date, all hgcAB+ microbes tested are capable of methylating mercury, while organisms lacking hgcA and hgcB are not. This predictability, along with the highly conserved nature of the cobalamin-binding domain in hgcA and the ferrodoxin domain in hgcB means that hgcAB should serve as a biomarker for Hg methylation in nature. Here we provide an overview of method development of qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers for these genes. Our approach has been to develop a universal set of DNA primers for qualitative evaluation of organismal diversity, plus a set of clade-specific qPCR primers. A universal degenerate primer set was developed that binds the most highly conserved regions in hgcA and B. The primers amplify a long product that can be sequenced for organismal identification, and also provide confirmation that both genes are present and adjacent. The primers were designed using hgcAB sequences from the approximately 100 hgcAB+ organisms with published genomes including Deltaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, and methanogenic Archaea. Primers and reaction conditions were then evaluated (and modified) by testing against more than 30 pure cultures including methylators and non-methylators in all of the clades containing hgcAB+ organisms. Clade-specific qPCR (Deltaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, and methanogens) primers were developed using the same approach. Quantitative PCR requires amplification of shorter sections of DNA. Since the hgcA sequence outside the cobalamin-binding domain is more variable among clades, qPCR required the development of separate primers for each major group. To ensure the primers and reaction conditions are robust and sensitive in complex environmental matrices, we tested the primers on natural samples spiked with mixtures of hgcAB+ cultures. Finally, copy number and diversity information obtained from hgcAB primers were compared to 16S rRNA diversity, and to hgcAB in metagenomic analysis in the same samples. We will show some early data on use of these primers to evaluate relationships between hgcA abundance, Hg-methylation, and terminal electron acceptor availability. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Gilmour, Cynthia C AU - Santillan, Eugenio F U AU - Elias, Dwayne AU - Christensen, Geoffrey A AU - King, Andrew J AU - Podar, Mircea AU - Wymore, Ann AU - Soren, Ally AU - McBurney, Alyssa AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 609 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800395034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Method+development+and+early+testing+of+molecular+probes+for+the+microbial+mercury+methylation+gene+pair+hgcAB&rft.au=Gilmour%2C+Cynthia+C%3BSantillan%2C+Eugenio+F+U%3BElias%2C+Dwayne%3BChristensen%2C+Geoffrey+A%3BKing%2C+Andrew+J%3BPodar%2C+Mircea%3BWymore%2C+Ann%3BSoren%2C+Ally%3BMcBurney%2C+Alyssa%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gilmour&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=609&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2015 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precipitation in pores AN - 1797537050; 2016-050182 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Stack, Andrew G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2968 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - tomography KW - contaminant plumes KW - crystallinity KW - reservoir rocks KW - size distribution KW - composition KW - calcium carbonate KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - sulfates KW - amorphous materials KW - pollution KW - fluid flow KW - electron microscopy data KW - X-ray spectra KW - porosity KW - size KW - measurement KW - computed tomography KW - precipitation KW - barite KW - SEM data KW - permeability KW - minerals KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797537050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Precipitation+in+pores&rft.au=Stack%2C+Andrew+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stack&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2968&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2968.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; barite; calcium carbonate; composition; computed tomography; contaminant plumes; crystallinity; electron microscopy data; fluid flow; geochemistry; measurement; minerals; permeability; pollution; porosity; precipitation; reservoir rocks; SEM data; size; size distribution; spectra; sulfates; tomography; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring Fuel-Saving Potential of Long-Haul Truck Hybridization AN - 1786202516; PQ0002488456 AB - Comparisons are reported on the simulated fuel economy for parallel, series, and dual-mode hybrid electric long-haul trucks, in addition to a conventional powertrain configuration, powered by a commercial 2010-compliant 15-L diesel engine over a freeway-dominated heavy-duty truck driving cycle. The driving cycle was obtained by measurement during normal driving conditions. The results indicated that both parallel and dual-mode hybrid powertrains were capable of improving fuel economy by 7% to 8%. However, there was no significant fuel economy benefit for the series hybrid truck because of internal inefficiencies in energy exchange. When reduced aerodynamic drag and tire rolling resistance were combined with hybridization, there was a synergistic fuel economy benefit for appropriate hybrids that increased the fuel economy benefit to more than 15%. Long-haul hybrid trucks with reduced aerodynamic drag and rolling resistance offered lower peak engine loads, better kinetic energy recovery, and reduced average engine power demand. Thus, it is expected that hybridization with load reduction technologies offers important potential fuel energy savings for future long-haul trucks. JF - Transportation Research Record AU - Gao, Zhiming AU - Laclair, Tim J AU - Smith, David E AU - Daw, C Stuart AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Transportation Research Center, 2360 Cherahala Boulevard, Knoxville, TN 37932 gaoz@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015///0, PY - 2015 DA - 0, 2015 SP - 99 EP - 107 PB - Transportation Research Board IS - 2502 SN - 0361-1981, 0361-1981 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Engines KW - Aerodynamic drag KW - Powertrains KW - Fuel consumption KW - Driving conditions KW - Trucks KW - Automotive engines KW - Fuel economy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1786202516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.atitle=Exploring+Fuel-Saving+Potential+of+Long-Haul+Truck+Hybridization&rft.au=Gao%2C+Zhiming%3BLaclair%2C+Tim+J%3BSmith%2C+David+E%3BDaw%2C+C+Stuart&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Zhiming&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=2502&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=9780309369237&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.issn=03611981&rft_id=info:doi/10.3141%2F2502-12 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-03 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2502-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computational Assessment of Naturally Occurring Background Radiation Produced by Extraterrestrial Sources AN - 1786170012; PQ0002503128 AB - In recent years there has been increased interest in developing the ability to account for background radiation in real (or near-real) time in support of end-user field experiments or operational search missions. More specifically, the focus has been on creating an array of tools that can provide an estimate of the natural occurring radiation that an experimentalist or search operator can use in the field in real time while making a measurement. Conceptually, these tools would allow the experimentalist or search operator to be able to dynamically account for the background associated with the measurement resulting in significant improvement in the probability of detection and minimization of the false alarm rate. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Miller, Thomas M AU - de Wet, Wouter C AU - Patton, Bruce W Y1 - 2015///0, PY - 2015 DA - 0, 2015 SP - 591 EP - 594 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 112 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Operators KW - Assessments KW - End users KW - Searching KW - Background radiation KW - Optimization KW - Extraterrestrial environments KW - Arrays UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1786170012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Computational+Assessment+of+Naturally+Occurring+Background+Radiation+Produced+by+Extraterrestrial+Sources&rft.au=Miller%2C+Thomas+M%3Bde+Wet%2C+Wouter+C%3BPatton%2C+Bruce+W&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=&rft.spage=591&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Burst Behavior of Fe-based Alloy Cladding under LOCA Conditions AN - 1786163752; PQ0002503081 AB - Given the strengthened focus on development of accident tolerant nuclear fuel cladding materials after the beyond design basis accidents at Fukushima Daiichi in March 2011, a reexamination of Fe-based alloys for this purpose was propose [1]. Specifically, such accident tolerant materials are expected to exhibit at least 100x slower oxidation rates at > or =1200[degrees]C when compared to Zr-based alloys. These accident tolerant materials are intended to reduce the extent of heat (due to exothermic oxidation reaction) and hydrogen gas production inside the core and therefore enhance safety margins during severe accidents [1-4]. Although oxidation rate is considered as the key factor for enhanced accident tolerance, many other aspects of the integral fuel rod behavior, including its thermo-mechanical response, melt, and relocation are also important and need to be considered. To this end, the focus of this paper has been placed on burst behavior of Fe-based alloys as light water reactor (LWR) fuel cladding and compared to the well-known Zr-based alloys. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Massey, Caleb AU - Terrani, Kurt AU - Pint, Bruce AU - Dryepondt, Sebastien AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 Y1 - 2015///0, PY - 2015 DA - 0, 2015 SP - 381 EP - 384 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 112 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Bursting KW - Oxidation rate KW - Zirconium base alloys KW - Accidents KW - Safety margins KW - Cladding KW - Fuels KW - Light water reactors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1786163752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Burst+Behavior+of+Fe-based+Alloy+Cladding+under+LOCA+Conditions&rft.au=Massey%2C+Caleb%3BTerrani%2C+Kurt%3BPint%2C+Bruce%3BDryepondt%2C+Sebastien&rft.aulast=Massey&rft.aufirst=Caleb&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=&rft.spage=381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Upper Subcritical Limit Calculations with Correlated Integral Experiments AN - 1786161534; PQ0002503101 AB - The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and American Nuclear Society (ANS) standard for Validation of Neutron Transport Methods for Nuclear Criticality Safety Calculations [1] defines the Upper Subcritical Limit (USL) as "a limit on the calculated k-effective value established to ensure that conditions calculated to be subcritical will actually be subcritical." Often, USL calculations are based on statistical techniques that infer information about a nuclear system of interest (application) from a set of known/well-characterized similar systems (experiments). JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Sobes, Vladimir AU - Rearden, Bradley T AU - Mueller, Don E AU - Marshall, William J AU - Scaglione, John M AU - Dunn, Michael E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831 sobesv@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015///0, PY - 2015 DA - 0, 2015 SP - 467 EP - 470 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 112 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Transport KW - Nuclear safety KW - Integrals KW - Standards KW - Correlation KW - Nuclear engineering KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1786161534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Upper+Subcritical+Limit+Calculations+with+Correlated+Integral+Experiments&rft.au=Sobes%2C+Vladimir%3BRearden%2C+Bradley+T%3BMueller%2C+Don+E%3BMarshall%2C+William+J%3BScaglione%2C+John+M%3BDunn%2C+Michael+E&rft.aulast=Sobes&rft.aufirst=Vladimir&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=&rft.spage=467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - TRISO COATING DEVELOPMENT FOR URANIUM NITRIDE KERNELS AN - 1786161132; PQ0002503050 AB - A coordinated effort is underway to produce TRISO coated fuel particles from recently processed uranium mononitride kernels at ORNL. These particles will be used in subsequent irradiation tests of the FCM fuel concept under prototypic LWR conditions. Excellent progress has been made toward coating development. The FBCVD coating furnace has been successfully refurbished and an initial coating experiment, where all four layers were deposited, has been performed confirming the functionality of the furnace and associated equipment. Now that the ground work has been laid, future coating development will focus on optimizing the properties of each coating layer to meet fuel specification. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Jolly, Brian AU - Lindemer, Terrance AU - Terrani, Kurt AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6063 jollybc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015///0, PY - 2015 DA - 0, 2015 SP - 271 EP - 273 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 112 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Coating KW - Furnaces KW - Uranium KW - Fuels KW - Kernels KW - Deposition KW - Specifications KW - Optimization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1786161132?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=TRISO+COATING+DEVELOPMENT+FOR+URANIUM+NITRIDE+KERNELS&rft.au=Jolly%2C+Brian%3BLindemer%2C+Terrance%3BTerrani%2C+Kurt&rft.aulast=Jolly&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - UNIFORM CORROSION OF MODEL FECRAL ALLOYS IN LWR COOLANTS AN - 1786156018; PQ0002503051 AB - Autoclave tests were carried out to investigate uniform corrosion behavior of six model FeCrAl alloys. The magnitude of mass change appeared to be insignificant after a period of 12 months for all 3 water chemistry conditions. Under oxidizing conditions M sub(2)O sub(3) type oxides formed, while when oxygen activity was low, oxygen stoichiometry was reduced and M sub(3)O sub(4) type oxides formed. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Terrani, Kurt AU - Kim, Young-Jin AU - Pint, Bruce AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6093 terranika@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015///0, PY - 2015 DA - 0, 2015 SP - 274 EP - 275 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 112 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); Corrosion Abstracts (CO); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Uniform attack (corrosion) KW - Autoclaves KW - Oxidation KW - Stoichiometry KW - Alloys KW - Coolants KW - Water chemistry KW - Oxides UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1786156018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=UNIFORM+CORROSION+OF+MODEL+FECRAL+ALLOYS+IN+LWR+COOLANTS&rft.au=Terrani%2C+Kurt%3BKim%2C+Young-Jin%3BPint%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Terrani&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=&rft.spage=274&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of Shutdown Dose Rate in Fusion Energy Systems Using Hybrid Monte Carlo/Deterministic Techniques AN - 1786155988; PQ0002503132 AB - Accurate assessments of shutdown dose rate (SDDR) are critical to support operation, maintenance, and waste disposal planning and to guide possible design changes of critical components in fusion energy systems. An SDDR calculation involves three steps: 1. a neutron transport calculation to determine the space and energy neutron flux distributions, 2. an activation calculation for computing the photon source distribution, and 3. a photon transport calculation for the estimation of the final SDDR. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Ibrahim, Ahmad M AU - Peplow, Douglas E AU - Peterson, Joshua L AU - Grove, Robert E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 ibrahimam@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015///0, PY - 2015 DA - 0, 2015 SP - 609 EP - 612 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 112 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Photons KW - Design engineering KW - Assessments KW - Transport KW - Dosage KW - Nuclear fusion KW - Shutdowns KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1786155988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Shutdown+Dose+Rate+in+Fusion+Energy+Systems+Using+Hybrid+Monte+Carlo%2FDeterministic+Techniques&rft.au=Ibrahim%2C+Ahmad+M%3BPeplow%2C+Douglas+E%3BPeterson%2C+Joshua+L%3BGrove%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Ibrahim&rft.aufirst=Ahmad&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=&rft.spage=609&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of Chemical Reactivity of CVC and CVD SiCs with UO sub(2) AN - 1786155269; PQ0002503058 AB - Silicon carbide (SiC) has been studied extensively with respect to many nuclear fuel industry applications [1]. These include SiC as a cladding material, as one of the layers in tristructural isotropic (TRISO) coated particle fuels, and as a fuel encapsulation [2] medium to embed TRISO particles. Here, we present a recent study performed on the chemical reactivity of two different SiC materials, chemical-vapor-composited (CVC) and chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD), with UO sub(2) at elevated temperatures in the non-irradiated condition. This work is in support of the application of CVD SiC as a clad material for light-water reactor fuel. Even though lower temperatures (~500[degrees]C) are preferable for the discussing study, higher temperatures up to 1500[degrees]C was used for reactivity comparison between CVC SiC and CVD SiC with UO sub(2), since no significant reactivity of silicon carbides with UO sub(2) was observed at lower temperatures. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Silva, Chinthaka M AU - Snead, Lance L AU - Katoh, Yutai AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 silvagw@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015///0, PY - 2015 DA - 0, 2015 SP - 298 EP - 299 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 112 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Coated particles KW - Cladding KW - High temperature KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Silicon carbide KW - Encapsulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1786155269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Chemical+Reactivity+of+CVC+and+CVD+SiCs+with+UO+sub%282%29&rft.au=Silva%2C+Chinthaka+M%3BSnead%2C+Lance+L%3BKatoh%2C+Yutai&rft.aulast=Silva&rft.aufirst=Chinthaka&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of zeolite phase transformations in nuclear repository engineered barrier systems AN - 1780802563; 2016-032076 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Caporuscio, F A AU - Cheshire, M AU - Jove-Colon, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 463 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - silicates KW - alteration KW - sorption KW - isotopes KW - stability KW - solution KW - radioactive waste KW - illitization KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - silica KW - clinoptilolite KW - zeolite group KW - framework silicates KW - disposal barriers KW - P-T conditions KW - montmorillonite KW - experimental studies KW - bentonite KW - cementation KW - smectite KW - clay minerals KW - diagenesis KW - brines KW - sheet silicates KW - analcime KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780802563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+role+of+zeolite+phase+transformations+in+nuclear+repository+engineered+barrier+systems&rft.au=Caporuscio%2C+F+A%3BCheshire%2C+M%3BJove-Colon%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Caporuscio&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/463.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; analcime; bentonite; brines; cementation; clastic rocks; clay minerals; clinoptilolite; diagenesis; disposal barriers; experimental studies; framework silicates; ground water; illitization; isotopes; montmorillonite; P-T conditions; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sedimentary rocks; sheet silicates; silica; silicates; smectite; solution; sorption; stability; waste disposal; zeolite group ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron biogeochemistry in Arctic tundra soils AN - 1777467925; 2016-030220 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Herndon, Elizabeth AU - Chowdhury, Taniya Roy AU - Yang, Ziming AU - Graham, David AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1248 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - respiration KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - iron oxides KW - tundra KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - iron KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - ferric iron KW - chemical reactions KW - carbon KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - horizons KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - processes KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - methane KW - biochemistry KW - Arctic region KW - oxyhydroxides KW - northern Alaska KW - phosphorus KW - alkanes KW - measurement KW - geochemical cycle KW - ferrous iron KW - nutrients KW - hydroxides KW - organic compounds KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - Alaska KW - pore water KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777467925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Iron+biogeochemistry+in+Arctic+tundra+soils&rft.au=Herndon%2C+Elizabeth%3BChowdhury%2C+Taniya+Roy%3BYang%2C+Ziming%3BGraham%2C+David%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Herndon&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1248.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anaerobic environment; Arctic region; biochemistry; carbon; carbon dioxide; chemical reactions; climate change; degradation; diffusion; experimental studies; ferric iron; ferrous iron; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; horizons; hydrocarbons; hydroxides; iron; iron oxides; measurement; metals; methane; northern Alaska; nutrients; organic compounds; oxides; oxyhydroxides; permafrost; phosphorus; pore water; precipitation; processes; reduction; respiration; soils; temperature; tundra; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate and transport of uranium (VI) in weathered saprolite AN - 1773797742; 2016-022637 AB - Batch and column experiments were conducted to investigate sorption and transport of uranium (U) in the presence of saprolite derived from interbedded shale, limestone, and sandstone sequences. Sorption kinetics were measured at two initial concentrations (C (sub 0) ; 1, 10 mu M) and three soil:solution ratios (R (sub s/w) ; 0.005, 0.25, 2 kg/L) at pH 4.5 (pH of the saprolite). The rate of U loss from solution (mu mole/L/h) increased with increasing R (sub s/w) . Uranium sorption exhibited a fast phase with 80% sorption in the first eight hours for all C (sub 0) and R (sub s/w) values and a slow phase during which the reaction slowly approached (pseudo)equilibrium over the next seven days. The pH-dependency of U sorption was apparent in pH sorption edges. U(VI) sorption increased over the pH range 4-6, then decreased sharply at pH > 7.5. U(VI) sorption edges were well described by a surface complexation model using calibrated parameters and the reaction network proposed by Waite et al. (1994). Sorption isotherms measured using the same R (sub s/w) and pH values showed a solids concentration effect where U(VI) sorption capacity and affinity decreased with increasing solids concentration. This effect may have been due to either particle aggregation or competition between U(VI) and exchangeable cations for sorption sites. The surface complexation model with calibrated parameters was able to predict the general sorption behavior relatively well, but failed to reproduce solid concentration effects, implying the importance of appropriate design if batch experiments are to be utilized for dynamic systems. Transport of U(VI) through the packed column was significantly retarded. Transport simulations were conducted using the reactive transport model HydroGeoChem (HGC) v5.0 that incorporated the surface complexation reaction network used to model the batch data. Model parameters reported by Waite et al. (1994) provided a better prediction of U transport than optimized parameters derived from our sorption edges. The results presented in this study highlight the challenges in defining appropriate conditions for batch-type experiments used to extrapolate parameters for transport models, and also underline a gap in our ability to transfer batch results to transport simulations. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Kim, Young-Jin AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Zhang, Fan AU - Parker, Jack C AU - Moon, Ji-Won AU - Roh, Yul Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 154 EP - 162 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 139 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - hazardous waste KW - sorption KW - aggregate KW - isotopes KW - calibration KW - radioactive waste KW - reactivity KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - weathered materials KW - Tennessee KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - solid phase KW - models KW - saprolite KW - isotherms KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773797742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Fate+and+transport+of+uranium+%28VI%29+in+weathered+saprolite&rft.au=Kim%2C+Young-Jin%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BZhang%2C+Fan%3BParker%2C+Jack+C%3BMoon%2C+Ji-Won%3BRoh%2C+Yul&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Young-Jin&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvrad.2014.10.008 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aggregate; calibration; chemical reactions; experimental studies; hazardous waste; isotherms; isotopes; kinetics; metals; migration of elements; mobilization; models; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pH; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; reactivity; saprolite; soil pollution; solid phase; solute transport; sorption; Tennessee; transport; United States; uranium; waste disposal; weathered materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.10.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolating causal pathways between flow and fish in the regulated river hierarchy AN - 1765966921; PQ0002528820 AB - Unregulated river systems are organized in a hierarchy in which large-scale factors (i.e., landscape and segment scales) influence local habitats (i.e., reach, meso-, and microhabitat scales), and both differentially exert selective pressures on biota. Dams, however, create discontinua in these processes and change the hierarchical structure. We examined the relative roles of hydrology and other instream factors, within a hierarchical landscape context, in organizing fish communities in regulated and unregulated tributaries to the Upper Tennessee River, USA. We used multivariate regression trees to identify factors that partition fish assemblages based on trait similarities, irrespective of spatial scale. We then used classical path analysis and structural equation modeling to evaluate the most plausible hierarchical causal structure of specific trait-based community components, given the data. Both statistical approaches suggested that river regulation affects stream fishes through a variety of reach-scale variables, not always through hydrology itself. Although we observed different changes in flow, temperature, and biotic responses according to regulation types, the most predominant path in which dam regulation affected biota was via temperature alterations. Diversion dams had the strongest effects on fish assemblages. Diversion dams reduced flow magnitudes, leading to declines in fish richness but increased temperatures, leading to lower abundances in equilibrium species and nest guarders. Peaking and run-of-river dams increased flow variability, leading to lower abundances in nest-guarding fishes. Flow displayed direct relationships with biotic responses; however, results indicated that changes in temperature and substrate had equal, if not stronger, effects on fish assemblage composition. The strength and nature of relationships depended on whether flow metrics were standardized for river size. We suggest that restoration efforts in regulated rivers focus on improving flow conditions in conjunction with temperature and substrate restoration.Original Abstract: Les reseaux fluviaux non regularises sont organises selon une hierarchie dans laquelle des facteurs a grande echelle (c.-a-d. a l'echelle du paysage et du segment) influencent les habitats locaux (c.-a-d. a l'echelle du troncon et des meso- et microhabitats), ces deux types de facteurs exercant des pressions de selection differentes sur le biote. Les barrages creent toutefois des discontinuites dans ces processus et modifient la structure hierarchique. Nous avons examine les roles relatifs de l'hydrologie et d'autres facteurs du cours d'eau, dans un contexte de paysage hierarchique, dans l'organisation des communautes de poissons dans des affluents regularises et non regularises de la riviere Upper Tennessee (Etats-Unis). Nous avons utilise des arbres de regression multivariee pour cerner les facteurs qui divisent les assemblages de poissons selon des similitudes de caracteres, quelle que soit l'echelle spatiale. Nous avons ensuite utilise l'analyse de dependance classique et la modelisation d'equations structurales pour evaluer la structure causale hierarchique la plus plausible de composantes de la communaute basees sur des caracteres precis, etant donne les donnees. Les deux approches statistiques indiqueraient que la regularisation des rivieres influence les poissons des cours d'eau par l'entremise de diverses variables a l'echelle du troncon, mais pas toujours par l'entremise de l'hydrologie comme telle. Bien que nous ayons observe differentes modifications du debit, de la temperature et des reactions biotiques selon le type de regularisation, la voie causale dominante par laquelle la regularisation par un barrage influencait le biote est la modification des temperatures. Les barrages de derivation exercaient les effets les plus forts sur les assemblages de poissons, en reduisant la magnitude des debits, menant du coup a la diminution de la richesse des poissons, mais ils causaient une augmentation des temperatures, entrainant une diminution de l'abondance chez les especes en equilibre et les gardeurs des nids. Les barrages de pointe et au fil de l'eau accroissaient la variabilite des debits, menant a de plus faibles abondances des poissons gardeurs de nid. Si le debit presentait des relations directes avec les reactions biotiques, les resultats indiquent toutefois que les modifications de la temperature et du substrat avaient des effets egaux, voire plus grands sur la composition des assemblages de poissons. La force et la nature des relations dependent de la normalisation ou non des parametres d'ecoulement en fonction de la taille de la riviere. Nous suggerons que les efforts de restauration dans les rivieres regularisees devraient s'axer sur l'amelioration des conditions d'ecoulement, combinee au retablissement de la temperature et a la restauration du substrat. [Traduit par la Redaction] JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences/Journal Canadien des Sciences Halieutiques et Aquatiques AU - McManamay, Ryan A AU - Peoples, Brandon K AU - Orth, Donald J AU - Dolloff, Charles A AU - Matthews, David C AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008 MS6351, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6351, USA., mcmanamayra@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 1731 EP - 1748 PB - NRC Research Press VL - 72 IS - 11 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Statistics KW - Regulated Rivers KW - Trees KW - Biota KW - River systems KW - Hydrology KW - River Flow KW - Diversion Dams KW - Topography KW - Rivers KW - Landscape KW - Habitat KW - Fish KW - Standards KW - River regulation KW - Spatial distribution KW - Statistical analysis KW - Streams KW - Nests KW - Dams KW - Fisheries KW - Regulations KW - Temperature effects KW - Mathematical models KW - Data processing KW - Temperature KW - Dam control KW - Scales KW - Microenvironments KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) KW - SW 6010:Structures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765966921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences%2FJournal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.atitle=Isolating+causal+pathways+between+flow+and+fish+in+the+regulated+river+hierarchy&rft.au=McManamay%2C+Ryan+A%3BPeoples%2C+Brandon+K%3BOrth%2C+Donald+J%3BDolloff%2C+Charles+A%3BMatthews%2C+David+C&rft.aulast=McManamay&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences%2FJournal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2Fcjfas-2015-0227 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 95 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Temperature effects; Statistics; Data processing; Mathematical models; Trees; Landscape; Habitat; Streams; Nests; Dams; Scales; Microenvironments; Hydrology; River systems; Dam control; Fisheries; Statistical analysis; River regulation; Topography; Biota; Spatial distribution; Temperature; Standards; Fish; Regulated Rivers; Regulations; River Flow; Diversion Dams DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0227 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - X-ray and neutron diffraction on laser heated levitated samples; successes and challenges AN - 1761074440; 2016-009252 AB - Development of new nuclear reactors, fuels and actinide transmutation matrices requires high temperature data. We demonstrated that X-ray and neutron diffraction on solid laser heated levitated samples can be used on many refractory oxide compounds to obtain thermal expansion, refine high temperature crystal structure and for in situ study of phase transitions and melting in variable atmosphere. Aerodynamic levitators with laser heating are accessible as sample environment for X-ray diffraction experiments at beamline 6-ID-D at Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory and for neutron diffraction experiments on NOMAD BL1B instrument at Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. In these instruments, solid spherical sample is suspended and rotated by a gas stream through a conical nozzle, heated by 400 W CO (sub 2) laser and temperature is monitored by pyrometer. X-ray diffraction pattern suitable for Rietveld refinement can be collected in less than 10 seconds and neutron diffraction pattern in approximately 10 minutes. The maximum temperature is inherently limited only by the sample and its amenability to laser heating. The method was successfully used to collect diffraction data up to the melting temperature on Hf, Zr, La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Ho, Er, Yb and Lu oxides and on La, Sm and Nd zirconates and hafnates. Due to fast equilibration at high temperature, in-situ determination of phase diagrams is possible. The challenges lie in improvement of accuracy of temperature measurement, thermal gradient reduction and reproducible sample rotation to assure random orientation. This methodology is promising for high temperature materials relevant to nuclear reactors, including new nuclear fuels, lanthanide contaminated UO (sub 2) , and other applications. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ushakov, Sergey V AU - Pavlik, Alfred J, III AU - Navrotsky, Alexandra AU - Weber, Richard J K AU - Benmore, Chris J AU - Neuefeind, Joerg C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 58 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761074440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=X-ray+and+neutron+diffraction+on+laser+heated+levitated+samples%3B+successes+and+challenges&rft.au=Ushakov%2C+Sergey+V%3BPavlik%2C+Alfred+J%2C+III%3BNavrotsky%2C+Alexandra%3BWeber%2C+Richard+J+K%3BBenmore%2C+Chris+J%3BNeuefeind%2C+Joerg+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ushakov&rft.aufirst=Sergey&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2015 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of composition on the high-pressure behavior of monazite, a rare-earth phosphate AN - 1761073740; 2016-009259 AB - Monazite, with ideal formula CePO (sub 4) , is a widespread accessory mineral that incorporates larger and lighter rare-earth elements (e.g. La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, and Gd) in its structure. It is also known to be useful for geochronological studies due to the additional presence of U and Th. Since the crystal structure of monazite does not suffer substantial metamictization, there has been further interest in exploring the incorporation of actinides in its structures for possible use as solid state repositories, a field in which Professor R.C. Ewing has made seminal contributions. In this presentation, we show how the differing compositions of synthetic and natural monazites affect their axial elastic moduli and bulk moduli and determine the pressure-induced structural changes within the monazite structure. Monazite is monoclinic and crystallizes in space group 14 (P2 (sub 1) /n). The PO (sub 4) tetrahedra are cross-linked by RE3+ cations in 9-fold coordination with oxygen that can be described as a mono-capped square antiprism (MCSAP). High-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments on a natural Ce-monazite and a synthetic Gd-monazite indicate that both are stable with no phase transitions observed up to 7 GPa. The bulk moduli, K, determined from a 3rd-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state are 109.2(6) GPa with dK/dP=5.8(2) and 128.1(8) GPa with dK/dP=5.8(2) respectively. The axial compressibilities of GdPO (sub 4) show that the most compressible direction is [001] and the least compressible is [100], while beta decreases by 0.44%. Thus the replacement of Gd3+ (IR=1.107 Aa) for Ce3+ (IR=1.196 Aa) stiffens the structure by 17.4%. However, the structural changes in GdPO (sub 4) are subtle. Increasing pressure has no statistically relevant effect on the PO (sub 4) tetrahedra, but the MCSAP shows significant compression. As Gd3+ is replaced by Tb3+ (IR=1.040 Aa), the structure changes to the zircon (or xenotime) structure which is tetragonal, space group 141 (I41/amd). In this structure, the PO (sub 4) tetrahedra are cross-linked by RE3+ cations in 8-fold coordination with oxygen but it bears a close structural relationship with monazite (Ni et al., 1995, Am. Min., 80:21-26). The elastic properties and high-pressure behavior of TbPO (sub 4) will be compared with GdPO (sub 4) thereby elucidating the high-pressure behavior of the two structure types. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Heffernan, Karina AU - Ross, Nancy L AU - Spencer, Elinor AU - Boatner, Lynn AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 59 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761073740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effect+of+composition+on+the+high-pressure+behavior+of+monazite%2C+a+rare-earth+phosphate&rft.au=Heffernan%2C+Karina%3BRoss%2C+Nancy+L%3BSpencer%2C+Elinor%3BBoatner%2C+Lynn%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Heffernan&rft.aufirst=Karina&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2015 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transient porosity resulting from fluid-mineral interaction and its consequences AN - 1756508700; 2016-005468 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Putnis, Andrew AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1 EP - 23 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - silicates KW - transient phenomena KW - saturation KW - mineral-water interface KW - framework silicates KW - fluid phase KW - crystal growth KW - pressure solution KW - feldspar group KW - boundary interactions KW - porosity KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Transient+porosity+resulting+from+fluid-mineral+interaction+and+its+consequences&rft.au=Putnis%2C+Andrew%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Putnis&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.01 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 118 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary interactions; crystal growth; feldspar group; fluid phase; framework silicates; mineral-water interface; porosity; pressure solution; saturation; silicates; transient phenomena DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mesoscale and hybrid models of fluid flow and solute transport AN - 1756508694; 2016-005477 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Mehmani, Yashar AU - Balhoff, Matthew T AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 433 EP - 459 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - solute transport KW - scale models KW - numerical models KW - transport KW - theoretical models KW - fluid flow KW - mathematical models KW - equations KW - porosity KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Mesoscale+and+hybrid+models+of+fluid+flow+and+solute+transport&rft.au=Mehmani%2C+Yashar%3BBalhoff%2C+Matthew+T%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Mehmani&rft.aufirst=Yashar&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.13 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 144 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - equations; fluid flow; mathematical models; numerical models; permeability; porosity; scale models; solute transport; theoretical models; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precipitation in pores; a geochemical frontier AN - 1756508667; 2016-005469 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Stack, Andrew G AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 165 EP - 190 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - solute transport KW - numerical models KW - transport KW - precipitation KW - mineral-water interface KW - fluid phase KW - solution KW - geochemistry KW - boundary interactions KW - porosity KW - permeability KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508667?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Precipitation+in+pores%3B+a+geochemical+frontier&rft.au=Stack%2C+Andrew+G%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Stack&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.05 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 99 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary interactions; fluid phase; geochemistry; mineral-water interface; numerical models; permeability; porosity; precipitation; solute transport; solution; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Micro-continuum approaches for modeling pore-scale geochemical processes AN - 1756508626; 2016-005471 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Beckingham, Lauren E AU - Landrot, Gautier AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 217 EP - 246 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - surface properties KW - alteration KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - Cretaceous KW - sandstone KW - mineral-water interface KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - transport KW - Tuscaloosa Formation KW - geochemistry KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - image analysis KW - diffusivity KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Micro-continuum+approaches+for+modeling+pore-scale+geochemical+processes&rft.au=Steefel%2C+Carl+I%3BBeckingham%2C+Lauren+E%3BLandrot%2C+Gautier%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.07 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 100 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; clastic rocks; Cretaceous; diffusivity; experimental studies; geochemistry; image analysis; Mesozoic; mineral-water interface; numerical models; permeability; porosity; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; solute transport; surface properties; transport; Tuscaloosa Formation; United States; Upper Cretaceous DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Resolving time-dependent evolution of pore-scale structure, permeability and reactivity using X-ray microtomography AN - 1756508598; 2016-005472 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Noiriel, Catherine AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 247 EP - 285 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - tomography KW - microcracks KW - data acquisition KW - microstructure KW - data processing KW - data KW - techniques KW - solution KW - fractures KW - theoretical studies KW - reactivity KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - quantitative analysis KW - X-ray analysis KW - reactive transport KW - X-ray fluorescence KW - porosity KW - cracks KW - computed tomography KW - precipitation KW - permeability KW - instruments KW - image analysis KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Resolving+time-dependent+evolution+of+pore-scale+structure%2C+permeability+and+reactivity+using+X-ray+microtomography&rft.au=Noiriel%2C+Catherine%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Noiriel&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.08 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 225 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; computed tomography; cracks; data; data acquisition; data processing; fractures; image analysis; instruments; microcracks; microstructure; permeability; porosity; precipitation; quantitative analysis; reactive transport; reactivity; solution; techniques; theoretical studies; tomography; transport; water-rock interaction; X-ray analysis; X-ray fluorescence DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lattice Boltzmann-based approaches for pore-scale reactive transport AN - 1756508581; 2016-005476 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Yoon, Hongkyu AU - Kang, Qinjun AU - Valocchi, Albert J AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 393 EP - 431 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - solute transport KW - numerical models KW - lattice KW - numerical analysis KW - equations KW - solution KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - theoretical studies KW - transport KW - precipitation KW - biofilms KW - multiphase flow KW - lattice Boltzmann method KW - reactive transport KW - fractals KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Lattice+Boltzmann-based+approaches+for+pore-scale+reactive+transport&rft.au=Yoon%2C+Hongkyu%3BKang%2C+Qinjun%3BValocchi%2C+Albert+J%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Hongkyu&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.12 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 209 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biofilms; equations; fractals; ground water; lattice; lattice Boltzmann method; multiphase flow; numerical analysis; numerical models; porosity; precipitation; reactive transport; solute transport; solution; theoretical studies; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-scale process coupling and effective surface reaction rates in heterogeneous subsurface materials AN - 1756508361; 2016-005470 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Liu, Yuanyuan AU - Kerisit, Sebastien AU - Zachara, John AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 191 EP - 216 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - hydrology KW - surface properties KW - sorption KW - numerical models KW - grain size KW - watersheds KW - uranyl ion KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - theoretical studies KW - heterogeneous materials KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - reactive transport KW - pore water KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+process+coupling+and+effective+surface+reaction+rates+in+heterogeneous+subsurface+materials&rft.au=Liu%2C+Chongxuan%3BLiu%2C+Yuanyuan%3BKerisit%2C+Sebastien%3BZachara%2C+John%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Chongxuan&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.06 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 203 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - grain size; ground water; heterogeneous materials; hydrology; migration of elements; numerical models; pore water; porosity; porous materials; reactive transport; sorption; surface properties; theoretical studies; transport; uranyl ion; water-rock interaction; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-scale controls on reaction-driven fracturing AN - 1756508321; 2016-005479 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Royne, Anja AU - Jamtveit, Bjorn AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 25 EP - 44 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - silicates KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - tobermorite KW - fluid phase KW - Europe KW - fracturing KW - plutonic rocks KW - transport KW - Leka Complex KW - zeolite group KW - reactive transport KW - framework silicates KW - chain silicates KW - Karoo Basin KW - experimental studies KW - Western Europe KW - Caledonides KW - mineral-water interface KW - ophiolite KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - Scandinavia KW - scolecite KW - Southern Africa KW - Africa KW - Norway KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+controls+on+reaction-driven+fracturing&rft.au=Royne%2C+Anja%3BJamtveit%2C+Bjorn%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Royne&rft.aufirst=Anja&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.02 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 78 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Caledonides; chain silicates; Europe; experimental studies; fluid phase; fracturing; framework silicates; igneous rocks; Karoo Basin; Leka Complex; mineral-water interface; Norway; ophiolite; plutonic rocks; porosity; reactive transport; Scandinavia; scolecite; silicates; Southern Africa; tobermorite; transport; volcanic rocks; weathering; Western Europe; zeolite group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.02 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic gradients across fluid-mineral boundaries AN - 1756508281; 2016-005475 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Druhan, Jennifer L AU - Brown, Shaun T AU - Huber, Christian AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 355 EP - 391 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - isotope fractionation KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - lead KW - fluid phase KW - radon KW - solution KW - stable isotopes KW - iron KW - partitioning KW - radioactive isotopes KW - plutonic rocks KW - noble gases KW - basalts KW - Pb-206 KW - diffusion KW - mineral-water interface KW - concepts KW - Rn-222 KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - uranium KW - Fe-56 KW - U-238 KW - actinides KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Isotopic+gradients+across+fluid-mineral+boundaries&rft.au=Druhan%2C+Jennifer+L%3BBrown%2C+Shaun+T%3BHuber%2C+Christian%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Druhan&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.11 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 180 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; basalts; concepts; diffusion; Fe-56; fluid phase; granites; igneous rocks; iron; isotope fractionation; isotopes; lead; metals; mineral-water interface; noble gases; partitioning; Pb-206; plutonic rocks; radioactive isotopes; radon; Rn-222; solution; stable isotopes; theoretical models; U-238; uranium; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and analysis of porosity and pore structures AN - 1756508184; 2016-005481 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Cole, David R AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 61 EP - 164 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - imagery KW - neutron methods KW - capillary pressure KW - techniques KW - X-ray analysis KW - nuclear magnetic resonance KW - fractals KW - mercury KW - electrical properties KW - numerical analysis KW - atomic force microscopy KW - porous materials KW - equations KW - adsorption KW - resistivity KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - gases KW - sample preparation KW - saturation KW - metals KW - wettability KW - spectroscopy KW - instruments KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+analysis+of+porosity+and+pore+structures&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.04 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 622 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; atomic force microscopy; capillary pressure; electrical properties; equations; fractals; gases; imagery; instruments; measurement; mercury; metals; neutron methods; nuclear magnetic resonance; numerical analysis; porosity; porous materials; resistivity; sample preparation; saturation; spectroscopy; techniques; wettability; X-ray analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.04 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-scale geochemical processes AN - 1756508154; 2016-005467 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1 EP - 481 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - solute transport KW - surface properties KW - numerical models KW - isotopes KW - mineral-water interface KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - precipitation KW - infiltration KW - geochemistry KW - permeability KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+geochemical+processes&rft.au=Steefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Steefel+%28editor%29&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Individual chapters are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geochemistry; infiltration; isotopes; mineral-water interface; numerical models; permeability; porosity; precipitation; solute transport; surface properties; transport; water-rock interaction; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive interfaces in direct numerical simulation of pore-scale processes AN - 1756508151; 2016-005478 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Molins, Sergi AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 461 EP - 481 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - scale factor KW - numerical models KW - data processing KW - mineral-water interface KW - porous materials KW - electron microscopy data KW - equations KW - boundary interactions KW - porosity KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - reactive transport KW - SEM data KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Reactive+interfaces+in+direct+numerical+simulation+of+pore-scale+processes&rft.au=Molins%2C+Sergi%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Molins&rft.aufirst=Sergi&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=461&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.14 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary interactions; data processing; digital simulation; electron microscopy data; equations; mineral-water interface; numerical models; porosity; porous materials; reactive transport; scale factor; SEM data; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of coupled chemo-mechanical processes on the evolution of pore-size distributions in geological media AN - 1756508118; 2016-005480 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Emmanuel, Simon AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Day-Stirrat, Ruarri J AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 45 EP - 60 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - numerical analysis KW - mechanochemical processes KW - sandstone KW - mineral-water interface KW - porous materials KW - electron microscopy data KW - effects KW - equations KW - solution KW - porosity KW - compaction KW - size distribution KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - precipitation KW - clastic rocks KW - SEM data KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+coupled+chemo-mechanical+processes+on+the+evolution+of+pore-size+distributions+in+geological+media&rft.au=Emmanuel%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BDay-Stirrat%2C+Ruarri+J%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Emmanuel&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.03 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic rocks; compaction; effects; electron microscopy data; equations; mechanochemical processes; mineral-water interface; numerical analysis; porosity; porous materials; precipitation; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; size distribution; solution; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How porosity increases during incipient weathering of crystalline silicate rocks AN - 1756508115; 2016-005474 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis AU - Brantley, Susan L AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 331 EP - 354 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - United States KW - metaigneous rocks KW - Greater Antilles KW - quartz diorites KW - andesites KW - volcanic rocks KW - neutron methods KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - Appalachians KW - California KW - volcaniclastics KW - plutonic rocks KW - Puerto Rico KW - diorites KW - metamorphic rocks KW - crystalline rocks KW - fractals KW - bedrock KW - North America KW - Virginia KW - West Indies KW - Caribbean region KW - weathering KW - samples KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - Antilles KW - South America KW - Argentina KW - silicate rocks KW - metagranite KW - electron microscopy KW - regolith KW - Piedmont KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=How+porosity+increases+during+incipient+weathering+of+crystalline+silicate+rocks&rft.au=Navarre-Sitchler%2C+Alexis%3BBrantley%2C+Susan+L%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Navarre-Sitchler&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.10 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 98 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - andesites; Antilles; Appalachians; Argentina; bedrock; California; Caribbean region; crystalline rocks; diorites; electron microscopy; fractals; granites; Greater Antilles; igneous rocks; measurement; metagranite; metaigneous rocks; metamorphic rocks; neutron methods; North America; Piedmont; plutonic rocks; porosity; Puerto Rico; quartz diorites; regolith; samples; silicate rocks; South America; United States; Virginia; volcanic rocks; volcaniclastics; weathering; West Indies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ionic transport in nano-porous clays with consideration of electrostatic effects AN - 1756507903; 2016-005473 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Tournassat, Christophe AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 287 EP - 329 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - solute transport KW - silicates KW - diffusion KW - nanoporosity KW - mineral-water interface KW - illite KW - equations KW - electrostatic properties KW - salinity KW - ions KW - porosity KW - clay minerals KW - transport KW - sheet silicates KW - nonlinear processes KW - pore water KW - montmorillonite KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756507903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Ionic+transport+in+nano-porous+clays+with+consideration+of+electrostatic+effects&rft.au=Tournassat%2C+Christophe%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Tournassat&rft.aufirst=Christophe&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.09 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 128 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clay minerals; diffusion; electrostatic properties; equations; illite; ions; mineral-water interface; montmorillonite; nanoporosity; nonlinear processes; pore water; porosity; salinity; sheet silicates; silicates; solute transport; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure, dynamics and reactivity of fluids in confined geometries AN - 1756505086; 2016-007220 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Cole, D R AU - Andersen, A AU - Gautam, S AU - Hoyt, D AU - Mamontov, E AU - Mueller, K AU - Kolesnikov, A AU - Le, T AU - Liu, T AU - Ok, S AU - Patankar, S AU - Phan, A AU - Rother, G AU - Striolo, A AU - Tomasko, D AU - Washton, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 578 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - experimental studies KW - methane KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - mechanism KW - rates KW - porous materials KW - properties KW - aqueous solutions KW - alkanes KW - NMR spectra KW - geometry KW - carbon dioxide KW - reactivity KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - spectra KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Structure%2C+dynamics+and+reactivity+of+fluids+in+confined+geometries&rft.au=Cole%2C+D+R%3BAndersen%2C+A%3BGautam%2C+S%3BHoyt%2C+D%3BMamontov%2C+E%3BMueller%2C+K%3BKolesnikov%2C+A%3BLe%2C+T%3BLiu%2C+T%3BOk%2C+S%3BPatankar%2C+S%3BPhan%2C+A%3BRother%2C+G%3BStriolo%2C+A%3BTomasko%2C+D%3BWashton%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=578&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/578.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aqueous solutions; carbon dioxide; experimental studies; geometry; hydrocarbons; mechanism; methane; NMR spectra; organic compounds; physical properties; porous materials; properties; rates; reactivity; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reconstructed microbial metabolic networks in the deep terrestrial subsurface AN - 1752578599; 2016-001726 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Bagnoud, A AU - Chourey, K AU - Hettich, R L AU - de Bruijn, I AU - Andersson, A F AU - Diomidis, N AU - Leupin, O X AU - Schwyn, B AU - Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 173 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - terrestrial environment KW - communities KW - biomass KW - Pseudomonas KW - iron KW - carbon dioxide KW - ferric iron KW - Opalinus Clay KW - mineral composition KW - carbon KW - organic carbon KW - Rhodospirilliaceae KW - esters KW - acetates KW - Jurassic KW - metabolism KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - Desulfobulbaceae KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - Hyphomonas KW - reconstruction KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752578599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Reconstructed+microbial+metabolic+networks+in+the+deep+terrestrial+subsurface&rft.au=Bagnoud%2C+A%3BChourey%2C+K%3BHettich%2C+R+L%3Bde+Bruijn%2C+I%3BAndersson%2C+A+F%3BDiomidis%2C+N%3BLeupin%2C+O+X%3BSchwyn%2C+B%3BBernier-Latmani%2C+Rizlan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bagnoud&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/173.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetates; bacteria; biomass; carbon; carbon dioxide; communities; Desulfobulbaceae; esters; ferric iron; Hyphomonas; iron; Jurassic; Mesozoic; metabolism; metals; mineral composition; Opalinus Clay; organic carbon; organic compounds; physical properties; porosity; Pseudomonas; reconstruction; Rhodospirilliaceae; terrestrial environment; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impurity ion flow and temperature measured in a detached divertor with externally applied non-axisymmetric fields on DIII-D AN - 1746892045; PQ0002263499 AB - Externally applied non-axisymmetric magnetic fields are shown to have little effect on the impurity ion flow velocity and temperature as measured by the multichord divertor spectrometer in the DIII-D divertor for both attached and detached conditions. These experiments were performed in H-mode plasmas with the grad-B drift toward the target plates, with and without n = 3 resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs). The flow velocity in the divertor is shown to change by as much as 30% when deuterium gas puffing is used to create detachment of the divertor plasma. No measurable changes in the C III flow were observed in response to the RMP fields for the conditions used in this work. Images of the C III emission are used along with divertor Thomson scattering to show that the local electron and C III temperatures are equilibrated for the conditions shown. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Briesemeister, A R AU - Isler, R C AU - Allen, S L AU - Ahn, J-W AU - McLean, A G AU - Unterberg, E A AU - Hillis, D L AU - Fenstermacher, M E AU - Meyer, W H AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, briesemeister@fusion.gat.com PY - 2015 SP - 524 EP - 527 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 463 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Magnetic fields KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Deuterium KW - Emissions KW - Velocity KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746892045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Impurity+ion+flow+and+temperature+measured+in+a+detached+divertor+with+externally+applied+non-axisymmetric+fields+on+DIII-D&rft.au=Briesemeister%2C+A+R%3BIsler%2C+R+C%3BAllen%2C+S+L%3BAhn%2C+J-W%3BMcLean%2C+A+G%3BUnterberg%2C+E+A%3BHillis%2C+D+L%3BFenstermacher%2C+M+E%3BMeyer%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Briesemeister&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=463&rft.issue=&rft.spage=524&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.11.031 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Magnetic fields; Radioactive materials; Emissions; Deuterium; Temperature; Velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.11.031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling of detachment experiments at DIII-D AN - 1746886333; PQ0002263509 AB - Edge fluid-plasma/kinetic-neutral modeling of well-diagnosed DIII-D experiments is performed in order to document in detail how well certain aspects of experimental measurements are reproduced within the model as the transition to detachment is approached. Results indicate, that at high densities near detachment onset, the poloidal temperature profile produced in the simulations agrees well with that measured in experiment. However, matching the heat flux in the model requires a significant increase in the radiated power compared to what is predicted using standard chemical sputtering rates. These results suggest that the model is adequate to predict the divertor temperature, provided that the discrepancy in radiated power level can be resolved. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Canik, J M AU - Briesemeister, A R AU - Lasnier, C J AU - Leonard, A W AU - Lore, J D AU - McLean, A G AU - Watkins, J G AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory. PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, canikjm@ornl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 569 EP - 572 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 463 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746886333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+detachment+experiments+at+DIII-D&rft.au=Canik%2C+J+M%3BBriesemeister%2C+A+R%3BLasnier%2C+C+J%3BLeonard%2C+A+W%3BLore%2C+J+D%3BMcLean%2C+A+G%3BWatkins%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Canik&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=463&rft.issue=&rft.spage=569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.11.077 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioactive materials; Temperature; Simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.11.077 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of ELM filaments on divertor heat flux dynamics in NSTX AN - 1746886303; PQ0002263538 AB - The ELM induced change in wetted area (A sub(wet)) and peak heat flux (q sub(peak)) of divertor heat flux is investigated as a function of the number of striations, which represent ELM filaments, observed in the heat flux profile in NSTX. More striations are found to lead to larger A sub(wet) and lower q sub(peak). The typical number of striations observed in NSTX is 0-9, while 10-15 striations are normally observed in other machines such as JET, and the ELM contracts heat flux profile when the number of striations is less than 3-4 but broadens it with more of them. The smaller number of striations in NSTX is attributed to the fact that NSTX ELMs are against kink/peeling boundary with lower toroidal mode number (n = 1-5), while typical peeling-ballooning ELMs have higher mode number of n = 10-20. For ELMs with smaller number of striations, relative A sub(wet) change is rather constant and q sub(peak) change rapidly increases with increasing ELM size, while A sub(wet) change slightly increases leading to a weaker increase of q sub(peak) change for ELMs with larger number of striations, both of which are unfavourable trend for the material integrity of divertor tiles. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Ahn, J-W AU - Maingi, R AU - Canik, J M AU - Gan, K F AU - Gray, T K AU - McLean, A G AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA, jahn@pppl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 701 EP - 704 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 463 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Contracts KW - Radioactive materials KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746886303?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Impact+of+ELM+filaments+on+divertor+heat+flux+dynamics+in+NSTX&rft.au=Ahn%2C+J-W%3BMaingi%2C+R%3BCanik%2C+J+M%3BGan%2C+K+F%3BGray%2C+T+K%3BMcLean%2C+A+G&rft.aulast=Ahn&rft.aufirst=J-W&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=463&rft.issue=&rft.spage=701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.11.119 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Contracts; Radioactive materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.11.119 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport simulations of linear plasma generators with the B2.5-Eirene and EMC3-Eirene codes AN - 1746885386; PQ0002263496 AB - Linear plasma generators are cost effective facilities to simulate divertor plasma conditions of present and future fusion reactors. The codes B2.5-Eirene and EMC3-Eirene were extensively used for design studies of the planned Material Plasma Exposure experiment (MPEX). Effects on the target plasma of the gas fueling and pumping locations, heating power, device length, magnetic configuration and transport model were studied with B2.5-Eirene. Effects of tilted or vertical targets were calculated with EMC3-Eirene and showed that spreading the incident flux over a larger area leads to lower density, higher temperature and off-axis profile peaking in front of the target. The simulations indicate that with sufficient heating power MPEX can reach target plasma conditions that are similar to those expected in the ITER divertor. B2.5-Eirene simulations of the MAGPIE experiment have been carried out in order to establish an additional benchmark with experimental data from a linear device with helicon wave heating. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Rapp, J AU - Owen, L W AU - Bonnin, X AU - Caneses, J F AU - Canik, J M AU - Corr, C AU - Lore, J D AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA, rappj@ornl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 510 EP - 514 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 463 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Fusion reactors KW - Benchmarks KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746885386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Transport+simulations+of+linear+plasma+generators+with+the+B2.5-Eirene+and+EMC3-Eirene+codes&rft.au=Rapp%2C+J%3BOwen%2C+L+W%3BBonnin%2C+X%3BCaneses%2C+J+F%3BCanik%2C+J+M%3BCorr%2C+C%3BLore%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Rapp&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=463&rft.issue=&rft.spage=510&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.12.058 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioactive materials; Temperature; Fusion reactors; Simulation; Benchmarks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.12.058 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EMC3-EIRENE modeling of toroidally-localized divertor gas injection experiments on Alcator C-Mod AN - 1746885194; PQ0002263497 AB - Experiments on Alcator C-Mod with toroidally and poloidally localized divertor nitrogen injection have been modeled using the three-dimensional edge transport code EMC3-EIRENE to elucidate the mechanisms driving measured toroidal asymmetries. In these experiments five toroidally distributed gas injectors in the private flux region were sequentially activated in separate discharges resulting in clear evidence of toroidal asymmetries in radiated power and nitrogen line emission as well as a ~50& toroidal modulation in electron pressure at the divertor target. The pressure modulation is qualitatively reproduced by the modeling, with the simulation yielding a toroidal asymmetry in the heat flow to the outer strike point. Toroidal variation in impurity line emission is qualitatively matched in the scrape-off layer above the strike point, however kinetic corrections and cross-field drifts are likely required to quantitatively reproduce impurity behavior in the private flux region and electron temperatures and densities directly in front of the target JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Lore, J D AU - Reinke, M L AU - Labombard, B AU - Lipschultz, B AU - Churchill, R M AU - Pitts, R A AU - Feng, Y AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, lorejd@ornl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 515 EP - 518 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 463 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Behavior KW - Kinetics KW - Radioactive materials KW - Emissions KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Nitrogen KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746885194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=EMC3-EIRENE+modeling+of+toroidally-localized+divertor+gas+injection+experiments+on+Alcator+C-Mod&rft.au=Lore%2C+J+D%3BReinke%2C+M+L%3BLabombard%2C+B%3BLipschultz%2C+B%3BChurchill%2C+R+M%3BPitts%2C+R+A%3BFeng%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Lore&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=463&rft.issue=&rft.spage=515&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.09.053 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Behavior; Kinetics; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Emissions; Simulation; Nitrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.09.053 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ELM mitigation with pellet ELM triggering and implications for PFCs and plasma performance in ITER AN - 1746884571; PQ0002263407 AB - The triggering of rapid small edge localized modes (ELMs) by high frequency pellet injection has been proposed as a method to prevent large naturally occurring ELMs that can erode the ITER plasma facing components (PFCs). Deuterium pellet injection has been used to successfully demonstrate the on-demand triggering of edge localized modes (ELMs) at much higher rates and with much smaller intensity than natural ELMs. The proposed hypothesis for the triggering mechanism of ELMs by pellets is the local pressure perturbation resulting from reheating of the pellet cloud that can exceed the local high-n ballooning mode threshold where the pellet is injected. Nonlinear MHD simulations of the pellet ELM triggering show destabilization of high-n ballooning modes by such a local pressure perturbation. A review of the recent pellet ELM triggering results from ASDEX Upgrade (AUG), DIII-D, and JET reveals that a number of uncertainties about this ELM mitigation technique still remain. These include the heat flux impact pattern on the divertor and wall from pellet triggered and natural ELMs, the necessary pellet size and injection location to reliably trigger ELMs, and the level of fueling to be expected from ELM triggering pellets and synergy with larger fueling pellets. The implications of these issues for pellet ELM mitigation in ITER and its impact on the PFCs are presented along with the design features of the pellet injection system for ITER. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Baylor, L R AU - Lang, P T AU - Allen, S L AU - Combs, S K AU - Commaux, N AU - Evans, T E AU - Fenstermacher, M E AU - Huijsmans, G AU - Jernigan, T C AU - Lasnier, C J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-8050, USA, BaylorLR@ornl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 104 EP - 108 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 463 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Clouds KW - Mitigation KW - Reviews KW - Radioactive materials KW - Deuterium KW - Simulation KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746884571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=ELM+mitigation+with+pellet+ELM+triggering+and+implications+for+PFCs+and+plasma+performance+in+ITER&rft.au=Baylor%2C+L+R%3BLang%2C+P+T%3BAllen%2C+S+L%3BCombs%2C+S+K%3BCommaux%2C+N%3BEvans%2C+T+E%3BFenstermacher%2C+M+E%3BHuijsmans%2C+G%3BJernigan%2C+T+C%3BLasnier%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Baylor&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=463&rft.issue=&rft.spage=104&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.09.070 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Mitigation; Reviews; Radioactive materials; Deuterium; Simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.09.070 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An open port sampling interface for liquid introduction atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry AN - 1717498700; PQ0001991184 AB - RATIONALE A simple method to introduce unprocessed samples into a solvent for rapid characterization by liquid introduction atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry has been lacking. The continuous flow, self-cleaning open port sampling interface introduced here fills this void. METHODS The open port sampling interface used a vertically aligned, co-axial tube arrangement enabling solvent delivery to the sampling end of the device through the tubing annulus and solvent aspiration down the center tube and into the ionization source of the mass spectrometer via the commercial APCI emitter probe. The solvent delivery rate to the interface was set to exceed the aspiration rate, creating a continuous sampling interface along with a constant, self-cleaning spillover of solvent from the top of the probe. RESULTS Using the open port sampling interface with positive ion mode APCI and a hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer, rapid, direct sampling and analysis possibilities are exemplified with plastics, ballpoint and felt tip ink pens, skin, and vegetable oils. These results demonstrated that the open port sampling interface could be used as a simple, versatile and self-cleaning system to rapidly introduce multiple types of unprocessed, sometimes highly concentrated and complex, samples into a solvent flow stream for subsequent ionization and analysis by mass spectrometry. The basic setup presented here could be incorporated with any self-aspirating liquid introduction ionization source (e.g., ESI, APCI, APPI, ICP, etc.) or any type of atmospheric pressure sampling-ready mass spectrometer system. CONCLUSIONS The open port sampling interface provides a means to introduce and quickly analyze unprocessed solid or liquid samples with the liquid introduction atmospheric pressure ionization source without fear of sampling interface or ionization source contamination. JF - Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry AU - Van Berkel, Gary J AU - Kertesz, Vilmos AD - Organic and Biological Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. PY - 2015 SP - 1749 EP - 1756 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 29 IS - 19 SN - 0951-4198, 0951-4198 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Skin KW - Hybrids KW - Solvents KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Fats and oils KW - Atmospheric pressure KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1717498700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rapid+Communications+in+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=An+open+port+sampling+interface+for+liquid+introduction+atmospheric+pressure+ionization+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Van+Berkel%2C+Gary+J%3BKertesz%2C+Vilmos&rft.aulast=Van+Berkel&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=1749&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rapid+Communications+in+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=09514198&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frcm.7274 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Skin; Hybrids; Solvents; Fats and oils; Mass spectrometry; Atmospheric pressure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.7274 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial dormancy improves development and experimental validation of ecosystem model AN - 1687675794; PQ0001182377 AB - Climate feedbacks from soils can result from environmental change followed by response of plant and microbial communities, and/or associated changes in nutrient cycling. Explicit consideration of microbial life-history traits and functions may be necessary to predict climate feedbacks owing to changes in the physiology and community composition of microbes and their associated effect on carbon cycling. Here we developed the microbial enzyme-mediated decomposition (MEND) model by incorporating microbial dormancy and the ability to track multiple isotopes of carbon. We tested two versions of MEND, that is, MEND with dormancy (MEND) and MEND without dormancy (MEND_wod), against long-term (270 days) carbon decomposition data from laboratory incubations of four soils with isotopically labeled substrates. MEND_wod adequately fitted multiple observations (total C-CO sub(2) and super(14)C-CO sub(2) respiration, and dissolved organic carbon), but at the cost of significantly underestimating the total microbial biomass. MEND improved estimates of microbial biomass by 20-71% over MEND_wod. We also quantified uncertainties in parameters and model simulations using the Critical Objective Function Index method, which is based on a global stochastic optimization algorithm, as well as model complexity and observational data availability. Together our model extrapolations of the incubation study show that long-term soil incubations with experimental data for multiple carbon pools are conducive to estimate both decomposition and microbial parameters. These efforts should provide essential support to future field- and global-scale simulations, and enable more confident predictions of feedbacks between environmental change and carbon cycling. JF - ISME Journal AU - Wang, Gangsheng AU - Jagadamma, Sindhu AU - Mayes, Melanie A AU - Schadt, Christopher W AU - Megan Steinweg, J AU - Gu, Lianhong AU - Post, Wilfred M AD - 1] Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA [2] Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - Jan 2015 SP - 226 EP - 237 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Isotopes KW - Data processing KW - Respiration KW - Climate KW - Algorithms KW - Carbon cycle KW - Nutrients KW - Biomass KW - Decomposition KW - Stochasticity KW - Ecosystem models KW - Soil KW - Community composition KW - Carbon KW - Environmental changes KW - Plant communities KW - Feedback KW - Dissolved organic carbon KW - Dormancy KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1687675794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISME+Journal&rft.atitle=Microbial+dormancy+improves+development+and+experimental+validation+of+ecosystem+model&rft.au=Wang%2C+Gangsheng%3BJagadamma%2C+Sindhu%3BMayes%2C+Melanie+A%3BSchadt%2C+Christopher+W%3BMegan+Steinweg%2C+J%3BGu%2C+Lianhong%3BPost%2C+Wilfred+M&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Gangsheng&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=226&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2014.120 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Isotopes; Data processing; Respiration; Climate; Carbon cycle; Algorithms; Nutrients; Biomass; Stochasticity; Decomposition; Ecosystem models; Soil; Community composition; Carbon; Environmental changes; Plant communities; Feedback; Dissolved organic carbon; Dormancy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2014.120 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of exposure environment on surface decomposition of SiC-silver ion implantation diffusion couples AN - 1673394473; PQ0001169681 AB - SiC is a promising material for nuclear applications and is a critical component in the construction of tri-structural isotropic (TRISO) fuel. A primary issue with TRISO fuel operation is the observed release of super(110m)Ag from intact fuel particles. The release of Ag has prompted research efforts to directly measure the transport mechanism of Ag in bulk SiC. Recent experimental efforts have focused primarily on Ag ion implantation designs. The effect of the thermal exposure system on the ion implantation surface has been investigated. Results indicate the utilization of a mated sample geometry and the establishment of a static thermal exposure environment is critical to maintaining an intact surface for diffusion analysis. The nature of the implantation surface and its potential role in Ag diffusion analysis are discussed. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Gerczak, Tyler J AU - Zheng, Guiqiu AU - Field, Kevin G AU - Allen, Todd R AD - Materials Science Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA, gerczaktj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - Jan 2015 SP - 281 EP - 286 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 456 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Radioactive materials KW - Diffusion KW - Particulates KW - Decomposition KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673394473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Effect+of+exposure+environment+on+surface+decomposition+of+SiC-silver+ion+implantation+diffusion+couples&rft.au=Gerczak%2C+Tyler+J%3BZheng%2C+Guiqiu%3BField%2C+Kevin+G%3BAllen%2C+Todd+R&rft.aulast=Gerczak&rft.aufirst=Tyler&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=456&rft.issue=&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.09.063 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuels; Radioactive materials; Nuclear fuels; Diffusion; Particulates; Decomposition DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.09.063 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamic assessment of the U-La-O system AN - 1673393340; PQ0001169664 AB - The CALPHAD methodology was used to develop a thermodynamic assessment of the U-La-O system. The solid solution and liquid phases are described with the compound energy formalism (CEF) and the partially ionic two-sublattice liquid model, respectively. Experimental thermodynamic and phase equilibria data published in the open literature were then used in optimizations to develop representations of the phases in the system that can be extended to include other actinide and fission products for multi-component models. The models that comprise this assessment very well reproduce experimentally determined oxygen potentials and the observed phase relations for the U-La-O system. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - McMurray, J W AU - Shin, D AU - Besmann, T M AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6063, United States, mcmurrayjw1@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - Jan 2015 SP - 142 EP - 150 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 456 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fission products KW - Oxygen KW - Thermodynamics KW - Energy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Actinides KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673393340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Thermodynamic+assessment+of+the+U-La-O+system&rft.au=McMurray%2C+J+W%3BShin%2C+D%3BBesmann%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=McMurray&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=456&rft.issue=&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.09.031 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fission products; Oxygen; Thermodynamics; Energy; Radioactive materials; Actinides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.09.031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In-situ Young's moduli of the constitutive layers in a solid oxide fuel cell AN - 1669854532; PQ0001063722 AB - In-situ Young's moduli of thin constituent layers of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) are needed to estimate the mechanical reliability of the fuel cell unit. Because a robust technique to measure the same is not available, an improved methodology is proposed to determine the in-situ Young's moduli of thin ceramic layers of a substrate-supported SOFC. The measured Young's moduli of the constituent layers were found to be close to those of corresponding bulk materials using the resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) technique but were different from the values obtained using nanoindentation. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Pandey, Amit AU - Shyam, Amit AU - Liu, Zhien AU - Goettler, Richard AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; LG Fuel Cell Systems Inc., North Canton, OH 44720, USA dramitpandey@gmail.com Y1 - 2015/01/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jan 01 SP - 522 EP - 529 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 273 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Ceramic Abstracts/World Ceramics Abstracts (WC); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Tension KW - Porosity KW - Microcracking KW - Elastic modulus KW - Reliability KW - Modulus of elasticity KW - Ceramics KW - Estimates KW - Ultrasonic testing KW - Constituents KW - Nanoindentation KW - Solid oxide fuel cells KW - Ultrasound KW - Thin films UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1669854532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=In-situ+Young%27s+moduli+of+the+constitutive+layers+in+a+solid+oxide+fuel+cell&rft.au=Pandey%2C+Amit%3BShyam%2C+Amit%3BLiu%2C+Zhien%3BGoettler%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Pandey&rft.aufirst=Amit&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=273&rft.issue=&rft.spage=522&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2014.09.123 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.09.123 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrologic filtering of fish life history strategies across the United States: implications for stream flow alteration AN - 1668247750; PQ0001295076 AB - Lotic fish have developed life history strategies adapted to the natural variation in stream flow regimes. The natural timing, duration, and magnitude of flow events has contributed to the diversity, production, and composition of fish assemblages over time. Studies evaluating the role of hydrology in structuring fish assemblages have been more common at the local or regional scale with very few studies, conducted at the continental scale. Furthermore, quantitative linkages between natural hydrologic patterns and fish assemblages are rarely used to make predictions of ecological consequences of hydrologic alterations. We developed models to relate fish life histories and reproductive strategies to landscape and hydrologic variables separately and then combined. Models were then used to predict the ecological consequences of altered hydrology due to dam regulation. In addition, dam regulation favors the selection of reproductive strategies with extended spawning seasons and preference for stable conditions. JF - Ecological Applications AU - MCMANAMAY, RYAN A AU - Frimpong, Emmanuel A AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 USA, mcmanamayra@ornl.gov Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 243 EP - 263 PB - Ecological Society of America, 1707 H Street, N.W., Suite 400 Washington DC 20006 United States VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - classification frameworks KW - dams KW - ecohydrology KW - environmental flows KW - fish reproductive strategies KW - fish traits KW - flow-ecology relationship KW - hydrologic alteration KW - Prediction KW - Streams KW - Reproductive strategy KW - Models KW - Hydrologic Models KW - History KW - Hydrology KW - Regulations KW - Seasonal variability KW - Dam Effects KW - Topography KW - Spawning seasons KW - Landscape KW - Spawning KW - Stream flow KW - USA KW - Dam control KW - Life history KW - Scales KW - Reproductive cycle KW - Fish KW - Fish Populations KW - Stream Discharge KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668247750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Hydrologic+filtering+of+fish+life+history+strategies+across+the+United+States%3A+implications+for+stream+flow+alteration&rft.au=MCMANAMAY%2C+RYAN+A%3BFrimpong%2C+Emmanuel+A&rft.aulast=MCMANAMAY&rft.aufirst=RYAN&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spawning seasons; Life history; Reproductive cycle; Hydrology; Stream flow; Scales; Landscape; Spawning; Streams; Models; Reproductive strategy; Dam control; Seasonal variability; Topography; Prediction; Hydrologic Models; History; Regulations; Fish; Fish Populations; Stream Discharge; Dam Effects; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Multi-scale Spatial Approach to Address Environmental Effects of Small Hydropower Development AN - 1660097096; 21332635 AB - Hydropower development continues to grow worldwide in developed and developing countries. While the ecological and physical responses to dam construction have been well documented, translating this information into planning for hydropower development is extremely difficult. Very few studies have conducted environmental assessments to guide site-specific or widespread hydropower development. Herein, we propose a spatial approach for estimating environmental effects of hydropower development at multiple scales, as opposed to individual site-by-site assessments (e.g., environmental impact assessment). Because the complex, process-driven effects of future hydropower development may be uncertain or, at best, limited by available information, we invested considerable effort in describing novel approaches to represent environmental concerns using spatial data and in developing the spatial footprint of hydropower infrastructure. We then use two case studies in the US, one at the scale of the conterminous US and another within two adjoining rivers basins, to examine how environmental concerns can be identified and related to areas of varying energy capacity. We use combinations of reserve-design planning and multi-metric ranking to visualize tradeoffs among environmental concerns and potential energy capacity. Spatial frameworks, like the one presented, are not meant to replace more in-depth environmental assessments, but to identify information gaps and measure the sustainability of multi-development scenarios as to inform policy decisions at the basin or national level. Most importantly, the approach should foster discussions among environmental scientists and stakeholders regarding solutions to optimize energy development and environmental sustainability. JF - Environmental Management AU - McManamay, Ryan A AU - Samu, Nicole AU - Kao, Shih-Chieh AU - Bevelhimer, Mark S AU - Hetrick, Shelaine C AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd., MS-6351, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6351, USA mcmanamayra@ornl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 217 EP - 243 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 55 IS - 1 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Ecology KW - Policies KW - Assessments KW - Environmental assessment KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Estimating KW - River basins KW - Sustainability KW - Decisions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660097096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=A+Multi-scale+Spatial+Approach+to+Address+Environmental+Effects+of+Small+Hydropower+Development&rft.au=McManamay%2C+Ryan+A%3BSamu%2C+Nicole%3BKao%2C+Shih-Chieh%3BBevelhimer%2C+Mark+S%3BHetrick%2C+Shelaine+C&rft.aulast=McManamay&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-014-0371-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 125 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-03 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-014-0371-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimised amylases extraction from oat seeds and its impact on bread properties. AN - 1634726546; 25453287 AB - Statistical approaches were employed for the optimisation of the extraction of amylolytic activity from oat (Avena sativa) seeds. The application of the response surface methodology allows us to determine a set of optimal conditions (ratio seed weight/buffer volume 0.1, germination days 10 days, temperature 20 °C and pH 5.6). Experiments carried out under these conditions led to amylase production yield of 91 U/g. Its maximal activity was in the pH 5.6 and at 55 °C. Study of the incorporation of the optimised oat extract into the bread formulation revealed an improvement of the sensory quality and the textural properties of fresh and stored bread. Three-dimensional elaborations of Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) images were performed on crumb of the different breads to evaluate the influence of amylase activity on microstructure. The result showed improved baking characteristics as well as overall microscopic and macroscopic appearance. JF - International journal of biological macromolecules AU - Ben Halima, Nihed AU - Borchani, Maha AU - Fendri, Imen AU - Khemakhem, Bassem AU - Gosset, David AU - Baril, Patrick AU - Pichon, Chantal AU - Ayadi, Mohamed-Ali AU - Abdelkafi, Slim AD - Biological Engineering Department, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia; Center for Molecular Biophysics (CBM), CNRS UPR4301, Orleans, France. ; Biological Engineering Department, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia; Food Analysis Laboratory, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. ; Unit Research of Toxicology-Microbiology Environmental and Health UR11ES70, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. ; Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, PB 1171, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia. ; Center for Molecular Biophysics (CBM), CNRS UPR4301, Orleans, France. ; Food Analysis Laboratory, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. ; Biological Engineering Department, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia. Electronic address: slim.abdelkafi@enis.rnu.tn. Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 1213 EP - 1221 VL - 72 KW - Amylases KW - EC 3.2.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Response surface methodology KW - Bread. KW - Oat KW - Texture profile KW - Amylolytic activity KW - Microscopy, Confocal KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Enzyme Stability KW - Temperature KW - Models, Biological KW - Seeds -- enzymology KW - Amylases -- isolation & purification KW - Avena -- enzymology KW - Bread -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1634726546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+biological+macromolecules&rft.atitle=Optimised+amylases+extraction+from+oat+seeds+and+its+impact+on+bread+properties.&rft.au=Ben+Halima%2C+Nihed%3BBorchani%2C+Maha%3BFendri%2C+Imen%3BKhemakhem%2C+Bassem%3BGosset%2C+David%3BBaril%2C+Patrick%3BPichon%2C+Chantal%3BAyadi%2C+Mohamed-Ali%3BAbdelkafi%2C+Slim&rft.aulast=Ben+Halima&rft.aufirst=Nihed&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+biological+macromolecules&rft.issn=1879-0003&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijbiomac.2014.10.018 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-08-06 N1 - Date created - 2014-12-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.10.018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of nitrided titanium separator plates for proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells AN - 1651420299; 21183906 AB - Proton exchanges membrane (PEM) regenerative fuel cell electrolysis of water is of great recent interest as a hydrogen generation technology. Anode side titanium current collectors and separator plates used in these applications typically employ coatings of platinum group metals to achieve durability and performance requirements in the high voltage, oxidizing environment. The present work assessed the potential for lower cost surface modified titanium by both thermal (gas) nitridation and plasma nitridation approaches. The nitrided Ti was found to result in far less hydrogen uptake in coupon testing than did Pt-plated Ti. Short-term (48 h) single-cell performance at 25 [degrees]C was approximately 13% better (lower voltage) at 1.2 A cm super(-2) for thermal and plasma nitrided plates vs. untreated Ti. However, at 50 [degrees]C and 1.5 A cm super(-2), the thermally nitrided plate exhibited only on the order of 3% better behavior (lower voltage) compared to the untreated Ti and plasma nitrided Ti. Durability testing for 500 h resulted in only a minor degradation in cell performance, on the order of 1-2% voltage increase, with the best behavior exhibited by the thermally nitrided Ti plate. Despite their relatively stable cell performance, extensive local oxidation of the thermally nitrided and plasma nitrided flow field regions was observed. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Toops, Todd J AU - Brady, Michael P AU - Zhang, Feng-Yuan AU - Meyer, Harry M, III AU - Ayers, Katherine AU - Roemer, Andrew AU - Dalton, Luke AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA toopstj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/12/25/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 25 SP - 954 EP - 960 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 272 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Separator KW - Current collector KW - Electrolysis KW - Regenerative fuel cell KW - Hydrogen KW - Nitrided titanium KW - Durability KW - Titanium KW - Plates KW - Exchange KW - Electrolytic cells KW - Voltage KW - Ion nitriding KW - Electric potential UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651420299?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+nitrided+titanium+separator+plates+for+proton+exchange+membrane+electrolyzer+cells&rft.au=Toops%2C+Todd+J%3BBrady%2C+Michael+P%3BZhang%2C+Feng-Yuan%3BMeyer%2C+Harry+M%2C+III%3BAyers%2C+Katherine%3BRoemer%2C+Andrew%3BDalton%2C+Luke&rft.aulast=Toops&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=2014-12-25&rft.volume=272&rft.issue=&rft.spage=954&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2014.09.016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.09.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A NAP-AAO3 Regulatory Module Promotes Chlorophyll Degradation via ABA Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis Leaves AN - 1808629492; PQ0003444225 AB - The Arabidopsis transcription factor NAP promotes chlorophyll degradation by enhancing transcription of the abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetic gene AAO3, which leads to increased levels of the senescence-promoting hormone ABA. Chlorophyll degradation is an important part of leaf senescence, but the underlying regulatory mechanisms are largely unknown. Excised leaves of an Arabidopsis thaliana NAC-LIKE, ACTIVATED BY AP3/PI (NAP) transcription factor mutant (nap) exhibited lower transcript levels of known chlorophyll degradation genes, STAY-GREEN1 (SGR1), NON-YELLOW COLORING1 (NYC1), PHEOPHYTINASE (PPH), and PHEIDE a OXYGENASE (PaO), and higher chlorophyll retention than the wild type during dark-induced senescence. Transcriptome coexpression analysis revealed that abscisic acid (ABA) metabolism/signaling genes were disproportionately represented among those positively correlated with NAP expression. ABA levels were abnormally low in nap leaves during extended darkness. The ABA biosynthetic genes 9-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE2, ABA DEFICIENT3, and ABSCISIC ALDEHYDE OXIDASE3 (AAO3) exhibited abnormally low transcript levels in dark-treated nap leaves. NAP transactivated the promoter of AAO3 in mesophyll cell protoplasts, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that NAP can bind directly to a segment (-196 to -162 relative to the ATG start codon) of the AAO3 promoter. Exogenous application of ABA increased the transcript levels of SGR1, NYC1, PPH, and PaO and suppressed the stay-green phenotype of nap leaves during extended darkness. Overexpression of AAO3 in nap leaves also suppressed the stay-green phenotype under extended darkness. Collectively, the results show that NAP promotes chlorophyll degradation by enhancing transcription of AAO3, which leads to increased levels of the senescence-inducing hormone ABA. JF - Plant Cell AU - Yang, Jiading AU - Worley, Eric AU - Udvardi, Michael AD - BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, mudvardi@noble.org Y1 - 2014/12/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 16 SP - 4862 EP - 4874 PB - American Society of Plant Biologists, 15501 Monona Dr. Rockville MD 20855-2768 United States VL - 26 IS - 12 SN - 1040-4651, 1040-4651 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Chlorophyll KW - Abscisic acid KW - Leaves KW - Transcription KW - Electrophoretic mobility KW - Hormones KW - Gene expression KW - Promoters KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - Transcription factors KW - Codons KW - Protoplasts KW - Mesophyll KW - Arabidopsis KW - Senescence KW - Aldehydes KW - Oxygenase KW - Metabolism KW - W 30940:Products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808629492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Cell&rft.atitle=A+NAP-AAO3+Regulatory+Module+Promotes+Chlorophyll+Degradation+via+ABA+Biosynthesis+in+Arabidopsis+Leaves&rft.au=Yang%2C+Jiading%3BWorley%2C+Eric%3BUdvardi%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Jiading&rft.date=2014-12-16&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4862&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Cell&rft.issn=10404651&rft_id=info:doi/10.1105%2Ftpc.114.133769 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlorophyll; Abscisic acid; Leaves; Transcription; Electrophoretic mobility; Hormones; Gene expression; Promoters; Transcription factors; Protoplasts; Codons; Mesophyll; Senescence; Aldehydes; Oxygenase; Metabolism; Arabidopsis thaliana; Arabidopsis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.114.133769 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Multivariate Spatio-Temporal Clustering: A Framework for Integrating Disparate Data to Understand Network Representativeness and Scaling Up Sparse Ecosystem Measurements T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651742145; 6334332 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hoffman, Forrest AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Maddalena, Damian AU - Langford, Zachary AU - Hargrove, William Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Data processing KW - Scaling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651742145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Multivariate+Spatio-Temporal+Clustering%3A+A+Framework+for+Integrating+Disparate+Data+to+Understand+Network+Representativeness+and+Scaling+Up+Sparse+Ecosystem+Measurements&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+Forrest%3BKumar%2C+Jitendra%3BMaddalena%2C+Damian%3BLangford%2C+Zachary%3BHargrove%2C+William&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Forrest&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Model and Inventory Perspectives on the Role of Forests in the Global Carbon Cycle: Results from the Multi-scale Synthesis and Terrestrial Model Intercomparison Project (MsTMIP) T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651741905; 6334185 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hayes, Daniel Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Inventories KW - Energy flow KW - Carbon cycle KW - Forests KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651741905?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Model+and+Inventory+Perspectives+on+the+Role+of+Forests+in+the+Global+Carbon+Cycle%3A+Results+from+the+Multi-scale+Synthesis+and+Terrestrial+Model+Intercomparison+Project+%28MsTMIP%29&rft.au=Hayes%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Ultra high-resolution ensemble projections of the near-term climate change over the U.S. T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651741726; 6333602 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ashfaq, Moetasim AU - Rastogi, Deeksha AU - Mei, Rui AU - Kao, Shih-Chieh AU - Naz, Bibi AU - Gangrade, Sudershan Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Climatic changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651741726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Ultra+high-resolution+ensemble+projections+of+the+near-term+climate+change+over+the+U.S.&rft.au=Ashfaq%2C+Moetasim%3BRastogi%2C+Deeksha%3BMei%2C+Rui%3BKao%2C+Shih-Chieh%3BNaz%2C+Bibi%3BGangrade%2C+Sudershan&rft.aulast=Ashfaq&rft.aufirst=Moetasim&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Remote sensing to inform Plant Functional Type (PFT) distributions in the Community Land Model T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651741642; 6333651 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Langford, Zachary AU - Yuan, Fengming AU - Hoffman, Forrest Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Plant communities KW - Remote sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651741642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Remote+sensing+to+inform+Plant+Functional+Type+%28PFT%29+distributions+in+the+Community+Land+Model&rft.au=Kumar%2C+Jitendra%3BLangford%2C+Zachary%3BYuan%2C+Fengming%3BHoffman%2C+Forrest&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Jitendra&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Integration of Measurements and Models Across Spatial Scales for Improved Process Understanding in Arctic and Boreal Ecosystems T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651741614; 6333642 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wullschleger, Stan AU - Collier, Nathan AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Painter, Scott AU - Thornton, Peter AU - Wilson, Cathy Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Integration KW - Ecosystems KW - Spatial distribution KW - Polar environments KW - Arctic KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651741614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Integration+of+Measurements+and+Models+Across+Spatial+Scales+for+Improved+Process+Understanding+in+Arctic+and+Boreal+Ecosystems&rft.au=Wullschleger%2C+Stan%3BCollier%2C+Nathan%3BKumar%2C+Jitendra%3BPainter%2C+Scott%3BThornton%2C+Peter%3BWilson%2C+Cathy&rft.aulast=Wullschleger&rft.aufirst=Stan&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Role of Remote Sensing in Modeling Landscape Change and Its Associated Carbon Cycle Impacts Across Terrestrial Arctic Ecosystems T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651741340; 6333932 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hayes, Daniel AU - Goswami, Santonu AU - Jones, Benjamin AU - Grosse, Guido AU - Balser, Andrew AU - Wullschleger, Stan Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Energy flow KW - Terrestrial ecosystems KW - Ecosystems KW - Landscape KW - Carbon cycle KW - Remote sensing KW - Polar environments KW - Arctic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651741340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+Remote+Sensing+in+Modeling+Landscape+Change+and+Its+Associated+Carbon+Cycle+Impacts+Across+Terrestrial+Arctic+Ecosystems&rft.au=Hayes%2C+Daniel%3BGoswami%2C+Santonu%3BJones%2C+Benjamin%3BGrosse%2C+Guido%3BBalser%2C+Andrew%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Functional Unit Testing: An Idea for Evaluating Ideas in Terrestrial Biogeochemistry T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651741003; 6330340 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - King, Anthony AU - Ricciuto, Daniel AU - Thornton, Peter AU - Wang, Dali AU - Warren, Jeff Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Biogeochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651741003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Functional+Unit+Testing%3A+An+Idea+for+Evaluating+Ideas+in+Terrestrial+Biogeochemistry&rft.au=King%2C+Anthony%3BRicciuto%2C+Daniel%3BThornton%2C+Peter%3BWang%2C+Dali%3BWarren%2C+Jeff&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Multiple independent constraints help resolve net ecosystem carbon exchange under nutrient limitation T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651740953; 6330385 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Thornton, Peter AU - Metcalfe, Dan AU - Oren, Ram AU - Ricciuto, Daniel Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Carbon KW - Nutrients KW - Limiting factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651740953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Multiple+independent+constraints+help+resolve+net+ecosystem+carbon+exchange+under+nutrient+limitation&rft.au=Thornton%2C+Peter%3BMetcalfe%2C+Dan%3BOren%2C+Ram%3BRicciuto%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Thornton&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Accelerating the connection between experiments and models: The FACE-MDS experience T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651738443; 6328811 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Norby, Richard AU - Medlyn, Belinda AU - De Kauwe, Martin AU - Zaehle, Soenke AU - Walker, Anthony Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651738443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Accelerating+the+connection+between+experiments+and+models%3A+The+FACE-MDS+experience&rft.au=Norby%2C+Richard%3BMedlyn%2C+Belinda%3BDe+Kauwe%2C+Martin%3BZaehle%2C+Soenke%3BWalker%2C+Anthony&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Using Neutron Diffraction to Determine the Low-Temperature Behavior of Pb2+ in Lead Feldspar T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651737143; 6329362 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kolbus, Lindsay AU - Anovitz, Lawrence AU - Chakoumackos, Bryan AU - Wesolowski, David Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Feldspars KW - Neutron diffraction KW - Diffraction KW - Lead UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651737143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Using+Neutron+Diffraction+to+Determine+the+Low-Temperature+Behavior+of+Pb2%2B+in+Lead+Feldspar&rft.au=Kolbus%2C+Lindsay%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence%3BChakoumackos%2C+Bryan%3BWesolowski%2C+David&rft.aulast=Kolbus&rft.aufirst=Lindsay&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Projection of Climate Change Impacts on Watershed Storage and Hydropower Generation T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651736912; 6334840 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kao, Shih-Chieh AU - Naz, Bibi AU - Gangrade, Sudershan AU - Ashfaq, Moetasim AU - Mei, Rui AU - Rastogi, Deeksha Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Storage KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Climatic changes KW - Watersheds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651736912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Projection+of+Climate+Change+Impacts+on+Watershed+Storage+and+Hydropower+Generation&rft.au=Kao%2C+Shih-Chieh%3BNaz%2C+Bibi%3BGangrade%2C+Sudershan%3BAshfaq%2C+Moetasim%3BMei%2C+Rui%3BRastogi%2C+Deeksha&rft.aulast=Kao&rft.aufirst=Shih-Chieh&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Diagnosing the connections between western US extreme precipitation and remote forcing T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651736857; 6334834 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Evans, Katherine AU - Jiang, Tianyu AU - Deng, Yi Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651736857?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Diagnosing+the+connections+between+western+US+extreme+precipitation+and+remote+forcing&rft.au=Evans%2C+Katherine%3BJiang%2C+Tianyu%3BDeng%2C+Yi&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Unified North American Soil Map and Its Implication on the Soil Organic Carbon Stock in North America T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651736595; 6328287 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wei, Yaxing AU - Liu, Shishi AU - Huntzinger, Deborah AU - Michalak, Anna AU - Post, Wilfred AU - Cook, Robert AU - Schaefer, Kevin AU - Thornton, Michele Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Soil KW - North America KW - Organic carbon KW - Soils (organic) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651736595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+Unified+North+American+Soil+Map+and+Its+Implication+on+the+Soil+Organic+Carbon+Stock+in+North+America&rft.au=Wei%2C+Yaxing%3BLiu%2C+Shishi%3BHuntzinger%2C+Deborah%3BMichalak%2C+Anna%3BPost%2C+Wilfred%3BCook%2C+Robert%3BSchaefer%2C+Kevin%3BThornton%2C+Michele&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=Yaxing&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of IrRu oxygen evolution reaction catalysts on Pt nanostructured thin films under start-up/shutdown cycling AN - 1622609889; 20842625 AB - Electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were utilized to study the role of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts in mitigating degradation arising from start-up/shutdown events. Pt nanostructured thin films (NSTF) were coated with a Ru sub(0.1)Ir sub(0.9) OER catalyst at loadings ranging from 1 to 10 [mu]g cm super(-2) and submitted to 5000 potential cycles within a membrane electrode assembly. Analysis of the as-deposited catalyst showed that the Ir and Ru coating is primarily metallic, and further evidence is provided to support the previously reported interaction between Ru and the perylene-red support. Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to observe the impact of the OER catalysts on Pt dissolution and migration into the membrane. Elemental mapping showed a high percentage of the Ir catalyst was maintained on the NSTF whisker surfaces following testing. The presence of the OER catalysts greatly reduced the smoothing of the Pt NSTF whiskers, which has been correlated with Pt dissolution and losses in electrochemically active surface area. The dissolution of both Ir and Pt led to the formation of IrPt nanoparticle clusters in the membrane close to the cathode, as well as the formation of a Pt band deeper in the membrane. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Cullen, David A AU - More, Karren L AU - Atanasoska, Ljiljana L AU - Atanasoski, Radoslav T AD - Materials Science & Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, cullenda@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/12/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 10 SP - 671 EP - 681 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 269 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fuel cells KW - Start-up/shutdown KW - Oxygen evolution reaction KW - Catalyst KW - Scanning transmission electron microscopy KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Mitigation KW - Membranes KW - Degradation KW - Surface area KW - Spectroscopy KW - Migration KW - Oxygen KW - Energy KW - Electrodes KW - Microscopy KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - Mapping KW - Catalysts KW - Coatings KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1622609889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Impact+of+IrRu+oxygen+evolution+reaction+catalysts+on+Pt+nanostructured+thin+films+under+start-up%2Fshutdown+cycling&rft.au=Cullen%2C+David+A%3BMore%2C+Karren+L%3BAtanasoska%2C+Ljiljana+L%3BAtanasoski%2C+Radoslav+T&rft.aulast=Cullen&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2014-12-10&rft.volume=269&rft.issue=&rft.spage=671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2014.06.153 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mitigation; Membranes; Degradation; Surface area; Spectroscopy; Migration; Oxygen; Energy; Microscopy; Electrodes; X-ray spectroscopy; Catalysts; Mapping; Coatings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.06.153 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Data system architectures; recent experiences from data intensive projects AN - 1765878159; 2016-011952 AB - U.S. Federal agencies are frequently trying to address new data intensive projects that require next generation of data system architectures. This presentation will focus on two new such architectures: USGS's Science Data Catalog (SDC) and DOE's Next Generation Ecological Experiments-Arctic Data System. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed a Science Data Catalog (data.usgs.gov) to include records describing datasets, data collections, and observational or remotely-sensed data. The system was built using service oriented architecture and allows USGS scientists and data providers to create and register their data using either a standards-based metadata creation form or simply to register their already-created metadata records with the USGS SDC Dashboard. This dashboard then compiles the harvested metadata records and sends them to the post processing and indexing service using the JSON format. The post processing service, with the help of various ontologies and other geo-spatial validation services, auto-enhances these harvested metadata records and creates a Lucene index using the Solr enterprise search platform. Ultimately, metadata is made available via the SDC search interface. DOE's Next Generation Ecological Experiments (NGEE) Arctic project deployed a data system that allows scientists to prepare, publish, archive, and distribute data from field collections, lab experiments, sensors, and simulated modal outputs. This architecture includes a metadata registration form, data uploading and sharing tool, a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) tool, a Drupal based content management tool (http://ngee-arctic.ornl.gov), and a data search and access tool based on ORNL's Mercury software (http://mercury.ornl.gov). The team also developed Web-metric tools and a data ingest service to visualize geo-spatial and temporal observations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Palanisamy, G AU - Frame, M T AU - Boden, T AU - Devarakonda, R AU - Zolly, L AU - Hutchison, V AU - Latysh, N AU - Krassovski, M AU - Killeffer, T AU - Hook, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract IN43D EP - 3720 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765878159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Data+system+architectures%3B+recent+experiences+from+data+intensive+projects&rft.au=Palanisamy%2C+G%3BFrame%2C+M+T%3BBoden%2C+T%3BDevarakonda%2C+R%3BZolly%2C+L%3BHutchison%2C+V%3BLatysh%2C+N%3BKrassovski%2C+M%3BKilleffer%2C+T%3BHook%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Palanisamy&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multilevel Monte Carlo method with application to uncertainty quantification in reservoir simulation AN - 1765878115; 2016-011947 AB - The rational management of oil and gas reservoirs requires understanding of their response to existing and planned schemes of exploitation and operation. Such understanding requires analyzing and quantifying the influence of the subsurface uncertainty on predictions of oil and gas production. As the subsurface properties are typically heterogeneous causing a large number of model parameters, the dimension independent Monte Carlo (MC) method is usually used for uncertainty quantification (UQ). However, the standard MC simulation is computationally expensive because a large number of model executions are required and each model execution is costly simulated on a fine scale spatial grid to ensure accuracy. This study describes a multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) method for UQ in reservoir simulation. MLMC is a variance reduction technique for the standard MC. It improves computational efficiency by conducting simulations on a geometric sequence of grids, a larger number of simulations on coarse grids and fewer simulations on fine grids. In this study, we applied the MLMC method to a highly heterogeneous reservoir model from the tenth SPE project. We estimated both the expectation and the probability distribution of oil productions to quantify the influence of subsurface uncertainty. The results indicate that MLMC can achieve the same accuracy as standard MC with a significantly reduced cost, e.g., about 80-90% and 70-90% computational savings in estimating expectations and approximating probability distributions, respectively. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lu, D AU - Zhang, G AU - Webster, C AU - Barbier, C N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract IN43B EP - 3692 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765878115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Multilevel+Monte+Carlo+method+with+application+to+uncertainty+quantification+in+reservoir+simulation&rft.au=Lu%2C+D%3BZhang%2C+G%3BWebster%2C+C%3BBarbier%2C+C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating model probabilities using thermodynamic Markov chain Monte Carlo methods AN - 1765873955; 2016-011949 AB - Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods are widely used to evaluate model probability for quantifying model uncertainty. In a general procedure, MCMC simulations are first conducted for each individual model, and MCMC parameter samples are then used to approximate marginal likelihood of the model by calculating the geometric mean of the joint likelihood of the model and its parameters. It has been found the method of evaluating geometric mean suffers from the numerical problem of low convergence rate. A simple test case shows that even millions of MCMC samples are insufficient to yield accurate estimation of the marginal likelihood. To resolve this problem, a thermodynamic method is used to have multiple MCMC runs with different values of a heating coefficient between zero and one. When the heating coefficient is zero, the MCMC run is equivalent to a random walk MC in the prior parameter space; when the heating coefficient is one, the MCMC run is the conventional one. For a simple case with analytical form of the marginal likelihood, the thermodynamic method yields more accurate estimate than the method of using geometric mean. This is also demonstrated for a case of groundwater modeling with consideration of four alternative models postulated based on different conceptualization of a confining layer. This groundwater example shows that model probabilities estimated using the thermodynamic method are more reasonable than those obtained using the geometric method. The thermodynamic method is general, and can be used for a wide range of environmental problem for model uncertainty quantification. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ye, M AU - Liu, P AU - Beerli, P AU - Lu, D AU - Hill, M C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract IN43B EP - 3696 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765873955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Estimating+model+probabilities+using+thermodynamic+Markov+chain+Monte+Carlo+methods&rft.au=Ye%2C+M%3BLiu%2C+P%3BBeerli%2C+P%3BLu%2C+D%3BHill%2C+M+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ye&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hierarchical acceleration of multilevel Monte Carlo methods for computationally expensive simulations in reservoir modeling AN - 1765873913; 2016-011703 AB - The rational management of oil and gas reservoir requires an understanding of its response to existing and planned schemes of exploitation and operation. Such understanding requires analyzing and quantifying the influence of the subsurface uncertainties on predictions of oil and gas production. As the subsurface properties are typically heterogeneous causing a large number of model parameters, the dimension independent Monte Carlo (MC) method is usually used for uncertainty quantification (UQ). Recently, multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) methods were proposed, as a variance reduction technique, in order to improve computational efficiency of MC methods in UQ. In this effort, we propose a new acceleration approach for MLMC method to further reduce the total computational cost by exploiting model hierarchies. Specifically, for each model simulation on a new added level of MLMC, we take advantage of the approximation of the model outputs constructed based on simulations on previous levels to provide better initial states of new simulations, which will help improve efficiency by, e.g. reducing the number of iterations in linear system solving or the number of needed time-steps. This is achieved by using mesh-free interpolation methods, such as Shepard interpolation and radial basis approximation. Our approach is applied to a highly heterogeneous reservoir model from the tenth SPE project. The results indicate that the accelerated MLMC can achieve the same accuracy as standard MLMC with a significantly reduced cost. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zhang, G AU - Lu, D AU - Webster, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H44E EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765873913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Hierarchical+acceleration+of+multilevel+Monte+Carlo+methods+for+computationally+expensive+simulations+in+reservoir+modeling&rft.au=Zhang%2C+G%3BLu%2C+D%3BWebster%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of advanced reactive surface area characterization in improving predictions of mineral reaction rates AN - 1761073202; 2016-008521 AB - Geologic sequestration of CO (sub 2) in deep sedimentary formations is a promising means of mitigating carbon emissions from coal-fired power plants but the long-term fate of injected CO (sub 2) is challenging to predict. Reactive transport models are used to gain insight over long times but rely on laboratory determined mineral reaction rates that have been difficult to extrapolate to field systems. This, in part, is due to a lack of understanding of mineral reactive surface area. Many models use an arbitrary approximation of reactive surface area, applying orders of magnitude scaling factors to measured BET or geometric surface areas. Recently, a few more sophisticated approaches have used 2D and 3D image analyses to determine mineral-specific reactive surface areas that account for the accessibility of minerals. However, the ability of these advanced surface area estimates to improve predictions of mineral reaction rates has yet to be determined. In this study, we fuse X-ray microCT, SEM QEMSCAN, XRD, SANS, and SEM-FIB analysis to determine mineral-specific accessible reactive surface areas for a core sample from the Nagaoka pilot CO (sub 2) injection site (Japan). This sample is primarily quartz, plagioclase, smectite, K-feldspar, and pyroxene. SEM imaging shows abundant smectite cement and grain coatings that decrease the fluid accessibility of other minerals. However, analysis of FIB-SEM images reveals that smectite nano-pores are well connected such that access to underlying minerals is not occluded by smectite coatings. Mineral-specific accessible surfaces are determined, accounting for the connectivity of the pore space with and without connected smectite nano-pores. The large-scale impact of variations in accessibility and dissolution rates are then determined through continuum scale modeling using grid-cell specific information on accessible surface areas. This approach will be compared with a traditional continuum scale model using mineral abundances and common surface area estimates. Ultimately, the effectiveness of advanced surface area characterization to improve mineral dissolution rates will be evaluated by comparison of model results with dissolution rates measured from a flow-through column experiment. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Beckingham, L E AU - Zhang, Shuo AU - Mitnick, E AU - Cole, D R AU - Yang, L AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Sheets, J AU - Swift, A AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Landrot, G AU - Mito, S AU - Xue, Z AU - Steefel, C I AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H53A EP - 0829 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761073202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+role+of+advanced+reactive+surface+area+characterization+in+improving+predictions+of+mineral+reaction+rates&rft.au=Beckingham%2C+L+E%3BZhang%2C+Shuo%3BMitnick%2C+E%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BYang%2C+L%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BSheets%2C+J%3BSwift%2C+A%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BLandrot%2C+G%3BMito%2C+S%3BXue%2C+Z%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Beckingham&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic downslope travel distance modeling; interflow modeling from bottom of slope upwards AN - 1756510343; 2016-006621 AB - Downslope travel distance concepts for interflow moving over a leaky restricting layer allow dynamic interflow modeling starting from the bottom of the slope and modeling only the active contributing area as opposed to the normal approach that models the entire slope from the ridgetop no flow boundary. In watersheds featuring deep groundwater and a low conductivity layer laying under permeable topsoil, interflow contributing areas expand and shrink based on the thickness of the perched layer, the topographic slope, and the ratio of hydraulic conductivity of topsoil to that of the impending layer. In this work, we present the development and application of two dynamic interflow models that implemented a mobile boundary condition to track flow from each of contributing cells starting from the edge of stream reaches extending upslope and constrained by downslope travel distance. Both analytical models are based on Boussinesq assumptions with percolation while one is continuous and the other is event-based. The continuous interflow model incorporates a two layer soil moisture accounting water balance analysis, pedotransfer function, percolation, and evaporation routines. The event rain based analytical solution generates interflow time series based on dynamically updated distribution function of downslope travel distances of contributing cells. We applied both modeling approaches in an intensively instrumented headwater basin in the Upper Coastal Plain of South Carolina. Both models showed good agreement with observed perched water depth, interflow discharge and soil moisture observations from 110m long open interflow interception trench whose 5.6 hectares of contributing hillslope were fitted with nested piezometers, soil moisture sensors, and series of V-notch weir boxes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bitew, M M AU - Jackson, C R AU - McDonnell, Jeffrey AU - Vache, K B AU - Griffiths, N AU - Blake, J I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H33G EP - 0916 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756510343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Dynamic+downslope+travel+distance+modeling%3B+interflow+modeling+from+bottom+of+slope+upwards&rft.au=Bitew%2C+M+M%3BJackson%2C+C+R%3BMcDonnell%2C+Jeffrey%3BVache%2C+K+B%3BGriffiths%2C+N%3BBlake%2C+J+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bitew&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interflow moving over leaky impeding layers; how far can we expect it to go? AN - 1739086560; 2015-114398 AB - Interflow can occur in any slope where higher conductivity topsoils are underlain by a low conductivity impeding layer which could include B horizons, till layers, hardpans, C horizons and bedrock of various permeabilities. Impeding layers of essentially impermeable bedrock seem to be a rarity, as studies that have evaluated interflow on slopes underlain by apparently solid crystalline rock have still found leakage into the rock. Hewlett's concrete soil trough studies thus comprise an endpoint of interflow boundary conditions. In many hillslope environments, downslope interflow necessarily includes a normal flow component into the leaky impeding layer. By making a simplifying assumption of zero pressure at the base of the impeding layer (for perched conditions), the downslope travel distance as interflow of a parcel of water can be estimated from the ratio of the hydraulic conductivities, the ratio of the downslope and normal hydraulic gradients, and the thickness of the saturated zone above the impeding layer. For many hillslopes, downslope travel distances imply that only the slope segments adjacent to the riparian valley can be expected to deliver interflow to the valley during a storm. Over most of the hillslope, interflow acts only to redistribute recharge downslope from the point of infiltration. Therefore, continuous perching of water moving as interflow from the ridge to the valley does not imply continuous connectivity. In terms of stormflow contributions, only the lower slopes within the range of the downslope travel distance may be connected to stream valleys. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jackson, C R AU - Hopp, Luisa AU - McDonnell, Jeffrey AU - Bitew, Menberu M AU - Du, E AU - Klaus, J AU - Griffiths, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H31I EP - 0757 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739086560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Interflow+moving+over+leaky+impeding+layers%3B+how+far+can+we+expect+it+to+go%3F&rft.au=Jackson%2C+C+R%3BHopp%2C+Luisa%3BMcDonnell%2C+Jeffrey%3BBitew%2C+Menberu+M%3BDu%2C+E%3BKlaus%2C+J%3BGriffiths%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water and solute connectivity in northern peatlands of Minnesota; assessing how hydrological connectivity affects solute yields from peatland catchments and responds to climate change AN - 1739085467; 2015-114373 AB - The routing of water, whether along lateral, near-surface flowpaths or vertically through peatlands, has profound implications for solute transport and budgets. Climate change, by altering hydrological connectivity of peatlands to surface and subsurface flow systems, may feedback on how various flowpaths and biogeochemical transformations affect solute concentrations in receiving waters. Such fundamental ecosystem changes may ultimately lead to shifts in solute yields from peatland catchments, ecosystem productivity, and carbon stabilization in northern peatlands. We are using piezometric, hydraulic conductivity, chemical, and isotopic data to assess how hydrological connectivity, solute sources, and biogeochemical transformations affect solute yields in northern Minnesota where connectivity to groundwater and surface water varies among a suite of fens and bogs. We are using geochemical mixing analysis to elucidate pathways along which water and solutes flow, and to determine how, when, and where solutes, such as dissolved organic matter, are transported from northern peatlands to downgradient aquatic ecosystems. From our assessment of contemporary connectivity of peatlands to larger flow systems, we are working to conceptualize how DOM yields from different peatland types may respond to climate change. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Sebestyen, S D AU - Griffiths, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H31F EP - 0676 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739085467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Water+and+solute+connectivity+in+northern+peatlands+of+Minnesota%3B+assessing+how+hydrological+connectivity+affects+solute+yields+from+peatland+catchments+and+responds+to+climate+change&rft.au=Sebestyen%2C+S+D%3BGriffiths%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sebestyen&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Challenges to large-scale simulations of permafrost freeze-thaw dynamics AN - 1734269496; 2015-112002 AB - In an effort to model the dynamics of the permafrost freeze and thaw process in the Alaskan tundra, we have implemented a finite volume method which approximates the evolution of a coupled surface/subsurface mass and energy balance within PFLOTRAN--an open source, state-of-the-art massively parallel subsurface flow and reactive transport code. While this system is studied in the literature at one scale, we encounter many undocumented pitfalls as we exercise the model at high resolution and force using realistic datasets from the field sites. These realistic simulations for field sites near Barrow, Alaska expose the model to a wide range of moisture and thermal states that are not tested in published studies. For example, the conventional upwinding of the relative permeability used in the Darcy flux computation can yield a flow into a frozen cell. We also find that infiltration, sources, and sinks must be carefully regulated as flow into frozen portions of the domain, or out of dry or frozen regions can cause unphysical states in the simulation which cause failure. Many straight-forward solutions are not smooth which produce discontinuities in the Jacobian of the nonlinear residual. These difficulties represent a current hurdle to running large-scale permafrost dynamics simulations. We describe these challenges and present approaches to overcoming them in the pursuit of a scalable scheme. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Collier, Nathaniel AU - Bisht, G AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract GC33A EP - 0480 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1734269496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Challenges+to+large-scale+simulations+of+permafrost+freeze-thaw+dynamics&rft.au=Collier%2C+Nathaniel%3BBisht%2C+G%3BKumar%2C+Jitendra%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Collier&rft.aufirst=Nathaniel&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linking inundation patterns and dynamics in a permafrost landscape to hydrologic, thermal, biogeochemical and ecosystem processes AN - 1734269209; 2015-111986 AB - The Arctic coastal plain is characterized by multi-scale geomorphic features including thaw lakes, drained thaw lake basins, and clusters of ice wedge polygons composed of troughs, centers, and rims. The topographic and subsurface properties of these features control the lateral and vertical drainage pathways of snow melt and precipitation as well as the spatial and temporal dynamics of standing water in the landscape. The Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment, NGEE-Arctic, project combines multi-scale in-situ and remote surface and subsurface observations that quantify the interactions between landscape structure, hydrology, the carbon cycle and energy balance of Arctic permafrost environments, with the aim of improving representation of Arctic ecosystem processes in global climate models. Data and models from the project show distinct relationships exist between the hydro-geomorphic features mapped on the ground and observed in remote sensing imagery, and the measured in-situ thermal, biogeochemical and ecosystem responses coincident with those features. The relationships between micro-topographic setting, snow distribution, inundation, subsurface temperature and thaw depth observed at the NGEE Barrow field sites are now well reproduced in process resolving models such as Pflotran and the Arctic Terrestrial Simulator. Current modeling efforts are investigating how topographically controlled thermal-hydrologic dynamics impact the carbon cycle. The next challenge is to scale these relationships for application in a global climate model grid cell to enable pan-Arctic predictions of future change, including the change in topography and inundation resulting from thawing permafrost and melting ground ice. NGEE-Arctic is funded by the DOE Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research program. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wilson, C J AU - Hinzman, L D AU - Iwahana, G AU - Lara, M J AU - Liljedahl, A AU - Painter, S L AU - Romanovsky, V E AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract GC23G EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1734269209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Linking+inundation+patterns+and+dynamics+in+a+permafrost+landscape+to+hydrologic%2C+thermal%2C+biogeochemical+and+ecosystem+processes&rft.au=Wilson%2C+C+J%3BHinzman%2C+L+D%3BIwahana%2C+G%3BLara%2C+M+J%3BLiljedahl%2C+A%3BPainter%2C+S+L%3BRomanovsky%2C+V+E%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing predictive skill of groundwater flow and transport simulations AN - 1734266109; 2015-111900 AB - Many environmental systems evolve over decades, centuries and longer, in contrast, for example, to weather predictions, which can be compared to reality weekly, daily, and even hourly; hurricane predictions, which can be compared to reality over weeks and days; and El Nino predictions, which can be compared to reality over years. There are many methods that people suggest using to develop models of environmental systems with long-range consequences, yet rarely are these methods tested for their predictive skill in practical problems. Of interest is how to determine if there are model development methods that tend to produce such long-term predictions with greater skill than other model development methods. Here three tests of groundwater flow and transport are discussed and compared. One test uses spatially defined cross-validation to inspect predictive capability, while two tests use paired complex and simple models. Results are analyzed in the context of how increasing model complexity affects predictive skill for the problems considered. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hill, M C AU - Ye, M AU - Foglia, L AU - Lu, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract EP53F EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1734266109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Testing+predictive+skill+of+groundwater+flow+and+transport+simulations&rft.au=Hill%2C+M+C%3BYe%2C+M%3BFoglia%2C+L%3BLu%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using neutron diffraction to determine the low-temperature behavior of Pb (super 2+) in lead feldspar AN - 1729846242; 2015-106140 AB - Feldspar minerals comprise 60% of the Earth's crust, so it imperative that the properties of feldspar be well understood for seismic modeling. The structure of feldspar consists of a three-dimensional framework of strongly-bonded TO4 tetrahedra formed by the sharing of oxygen atoms between tetrahedra. The main solid solution series found in natural feldspars are alkali NaAlSi (sub 3) O (sub 8) -KAlSi (sub 3) O (sub 8) and plagioclase CaAl (sub 2) Si (sub 2) O (sub 8) -NaAlSi (sub 3) O (sub 8) . Recently, efforts have been made to systematically quantify feldspars structural change at non-ambient temperatures by considering only the relative tilts of the tetrahedral framework. This serves as a tool to predict various behaviors of the structure such as the relative anisotropy of unit cell parameters and volume evolution with composition and temperature. Monoclinic feldspars are well predicted by the model, but discrepancies still remain between the model predictions and real structures with respect to absolute values of the unit cell parameters. To improve the existing model, a modification must be made to account for the M-cation interaction with its surrounding oxygen atoms. We have, therefore, chosen to study the structure of Pb-feldspar (PbAl (sub 2) Si (sub 2) O (sub 8) ), which provides the opportunity to characterize a monoclinic Al (sub 2) Si (sub 2) feldspar containing a large M-site divalent cation using neutron diffraction. Neutron diffraction allows for the characterization of the M-site cation interaction between the oxygen atoms in the polyhedral cage by providing information to accurately determine the atomic displacement parameters. Lead feldspar was synthesized for this study using the method, and confirmed to have a monoclinic C2/m space group. In this talk we will present structural determinations and atomic displacement parameters of Pb-feldspar from 10-300 K generated from Neutron diffraction at the POWGEN beamline at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National lab, and compare our results to those predicted by the tetrahedral tilting model. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kolbus, L M AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Chakoumackos, B C AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract MR13A EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729846242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Using+neutron+diffraction+to+determine+the+low-temperature+behavior+of+Pb+%28super+2%2B%29+in+lead+feldspar&rft.au=Kolbus%2C+L+M%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BChakoumackos%2C+B+C%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kolbus&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and Thermal Behavior of CO (sub 2) -IV at 18 GPa from 300-625 K AN - 1722153113; 2015-097795 AB - The study of the structure of solid CO2 at elevated pressures is important in condensed matter physics and material science, as well as geophysics-especially in understanding the structure of the interiors of planetary bodies. The high-pressure phases, including CO2-IV, and their stability between CO2-I (dry ice, the CO2 phase stable at ambient P,T) and polyhedrally bonded CO2-V are poorly characterized. Yoo et al. (2001, PRL, 86, 3) and Park et al. (2003, Phys Rev B, 68,1) concluded that the CO2 molecule is bent in phase IV, with C=O bond lengths of up to 1.3-1.5 Aa, longer than the 1.168 Aa in CO2-I. In contrast, Gorelli et al. (2004, PRL, 93, 20) and Datchi et al. (2009, PRL, 103, 18) inferred that the CO2 molecule in phase IV is linear, and the double-bond length is nearly identical to that of CO2-I. The studies also disagree on the structure of CO2-IV: tetragonal P41212, orthorhombic Pbcn and rhombohedral R-3c have all been reported. We performed neutron diffraction experiments at SNAP, Spallation Neutron Source, ORNL. The powder sample was pressurized to 18.0(2) GPa at ambient temperature in a panoramic DAC. The resistive heating system was then heated to 625 K. Temperature was adjusted to 525 K, 450 K, 375 K and 300 K to study the thermal expansion of CO2-IV and provide data for a P,T equation of state. At 18 GPa and 625 K the structure of CO2-IV is well indexed by the R-3c structure found by Datchi et al. (2009, PRL, 103, 18). The rhombohedral symmetry was retained as temperature was lowered through the proposed stability fields of both CO2-II and CO2-III to 300 K. Structure determination yielded aH=8.532(6) Aa, cH=10.48(2) Aa, V=660.9(3) Aa3, and rho =2.653 g cm-3 at 300 K and 18 GPa. Preliminary linear thermal expansion parameters using the Holland-Powell (1998, J Metamorph Geol, 16, 3) model range from 5.7(6)X10 (sub -6) K-1 to 1.39(1)X10 (super -5) K-1 for the lattice planes indexed. A fit to the volume yields a thermal expansion of 3.530(2)X10 (super -5) K-1. These results indicate that CO2-IV is comprised of linear molecules, supporting the structure determined by Datchi et al. (2009). Furthermore, phases II and III were not observed, suggesting that these phases are metastable at these conditions. These insights help us to more fully understand the behavior of CO2 at high P,T in Earth and planetary bodies. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Palaich, S AU - Tulk, C A AU - Molaison, J J AU - Makhluf, A R AU - Guthrie, M AU - Kavner, A AU - Manning, C E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract MR33A EP - 4332 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722153113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Structure+and+Thermal+Behavior+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+-IV+at+18+GPa+from+300-625+K&rft.au=Palaich%2C+S%3BTulk%2C+C+A%3BMolaison%2C+J+J%3BMakhluf%2C+A+R%3BGuthrie%2C+M%3BKavner%2C+A%3BManning%2C+C+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Palaich&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implications of fine-scale geochemical depth trends in the active layer of a continuous permafrost landscape near Barrow, Alaska AN - 1718052134; 2015-092688 AB - As part of the US DOE, Office of Science, Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment-Arctic project, we have been using environmental tracers (naturally occurring stable isotopes and geochemical species) to understand hydrological and geochemical processes within polygonal ground in a continuous permafrost area in the Arctic coastal plain. The study site is characterized by a thin zone of active layer development (typically <50 cm). This condition makes it difficult to understand development of geochemical gradients between the near surface and the frost line because traditional sampling using pumping causes mixing which can obscure depth gradients. We have applied a passive approach by using a series of diffusion cells that are installed at different depths within the active zone. The cells are filled with deionized water and over time, they equilibrate with the adjacent active layer water chemistry (ions diffuse into the cell, but the water in the cell does not exchange). Using this approach we have collected a series of fine resolution depth profiles within saturated zones in the active layer. Results over the last three years often show well-developed and sometimes substantial geochemical gradients for multiple analytes. Such gradients imply minimal vertical mixing within the active zone. Reductions in permeability with depth and lack of strong hydrological gradients likely limit vertical mixing. We also noted that the strength of the depth gradients varies across the landscape reflecting differences related to microtopography and drainage conditions. These results suggest that there are likely to be substantial fine-scale depth variations in biogeochemical processes such as methane and carbon dioxide production. Hydrological models should also reflect limited mixing with depth. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Newman, B D AU - Heikoop, J M AU - Throckmorton, H AU - Wilson, C J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B32D EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718052134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Implications+of+fine-scale+geochemical+depth+trends+in+the+active+layer+of+a+continuous+permafrost+landscape+near+Barrow%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Newman%2C+B+D%3BHeikoop%2C+J+M%3BThrockmorton%2C+H%3BWilson%2C+C+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular profiling of permafrost soil organic carbon composition and degradation AN - 1718052115; 2015-092664 AB - Microbial degradation of soil organic matter (SOM) is a key process for terrestrial carbon (C) cycling, though the dynamics of these transformations remain unclear at the molecular level. This study reports the application of ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) to profile molecular components of Arctic SOM collected from the surface water and the mineral horizon of a low-centered polygon soil at Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO), Barrow, Alaska. Soil samples were subjected to anaerobic warming experiments for a period of 40 days, and the SOM was extracted before and after the incubation to determine the components of organic C that were degraded over the course of the study. A CHO index based on molecular composition data was utilized to codify SOM components according to their observed degradation potential. Carbohydrate- and lignin-like compounds in the water-soluble fraction (WSF) demonstrated a high degradation potential, while structures with similar stoichiometries in the base-soluble fraction (BSF) were not readily degraded. The WSF of SOM also shifted to a wider range of measured molecular masses including an increased prevalence of larger compounds, while the size distribution of compounds in the BSF changed little over the same period. Additionally, the molecular profiling data indicated an apparently ordered incorporation of organic nitrogen in the BSF immobilized as primary and secondary amines, possibly as components of N-heterocycles, which may provide insight into nitrogen immobilization or mobilization processes in SOM. Our study represents an important step forward for studying Arctic SOM with improved understanding of the molecular properties of soil organic C and the ability to represent SOM in climate models that will predict the impact of climate change on soil C and nutrient cycling. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gu, B AU - Mann, B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B23K EP - 0134 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718052115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Molecular+profiling+of+permafrost+soil+organic+carbon+composition+and+degradation&rft.au=Gu%2C+B%3BMann%2C+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preindustrial-control and Twentieth-century carbon cycle experiments with the Earth system model CESM1(BGC) AN - 1692747300; 2015-061981 AB - Version 1 of the Community Earth System Model, in the configuration where its full carbon cycle is enabled, is introduced and documented. In this configuration, the terrestrial biogeochemical model, which includes carbon?nitrogen dynamics and is present in earlier model versions, is coupled to an ocean biogeochemical model and atmospheric CO2 tracers. The authors provide a description of the model, detail how preindustrial-control and twentieth-century experiments were initialized and forced, and examine the behavior of the carbon cycle in those experiments. They examine how sea- and land-to-air CO2 fluxes contribute to the increase of atmospheric CO2 in the twentieth century, analyze how atmospheric CO2 and its surface fluxes vary on interannual time scales, including how they respond to ENSO, and describe the seasonal cycle of atmospheric CO2 and its surface fluxes. While the model broadly reproduces observed aspects of the carbon cycle, there are several notable biases, including having too large of an increase in atmospheric CO2 over the twentieth century and too small of a seasonal cycle of atmospheric CO2 in the Northern Hemisphere. The biases are related to a weak response of the carbon cycle to climatic variations on interannual and seasonal time scales and to twentieth-century anthropogenic forcings, including rising CO2, land-use change, and atmospheric deposition of nitrogen. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Lindsay, Keith AU - Bonan, Gordon B AU - Doney, Scott C AU - Hoffman, Forrest M AU - Lawrence, David M AU - Long, Matthew C AU - Mahowald, Natalie M AU - Moore, J Keith AU - Randerson, James T AU - Thornton, Peter E Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - 8981 EP - 9005 PB - American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA VL - 27 IS - 24 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Quaternary KW - biochemistry KW - global KW - Holocene KW - nitrogen KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - nitrogen cycle KW - El Nino Southern Oscillation KW - carbon KW - ecology KW - carbon cycle KW - upper Holocene KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692747300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Preindustrial-control+and+Twentieth-century+carbon+cycle+experiments+with+the+Earth+system+model+CESM1%28BGC%29&rft.au=Lindsay%2C+Keith%3BBonan%2C+Gordon+B%3BDoney%2C+Scott+C%3BHoffman%2C+Forrest+M%3BLawrence%2C+David+M%3BLong%2C+Matthew+C%3BMahowald%2C+Natalie+M%3BMoore%2C+J+Keith%3BRanderson%2C+James+T%3BThornton%2C+Peter+E&rft.aulast=Lindsay&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=8981&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-12-00565.1 L2 - http://journals.ametsoc.org/loi/clim LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; Cenozoic; ecology; El Nino Southern Oscillation; geochemical cycle; global; Holocene; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; Quaternary; upper Holocene DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00565.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elucidating effects of atmospheric deposition and peat decomposition processes on mercury accumulation rates in a northern Minnesota peatland over last 10,000 cal years AN - 1676593668; 2015-038012 AB - Climate change has the potential to affect mercury (Hg), sulfur (S) and carbon (C) stores and cycling in northern peatland ecosystems (NPEs). SPRUCE (Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Climate and Environmental change) is an interdisciplinary study of the effects of elevated temperature and CO2 enrichment on NPEs. Peat cores (0-3.0 m) were collected from 16 large plots located on the S1 peatland (an ombrotrophic bog treed with Picea mariana and Larix laricina) in August, 2012 for baseline characterization before the experiment begins. Peat samples were analyzed at depth increments for total Hg, bulk density, humification indices, and elemental composition. Net Hg accumulation rates over the last 10,000 years were derived from Hg concentrations and peat accumulation rates based on peat depth chronology established using 14C and 13C dating of peat cores. Historic Hg deposition rates are being modeled from pre-industrial deposition rates in S1 scaled by regional lake sediment records. Effects of peatland processes and factors (hydrology, decomposition, redox chemistry, vegetative changes, microtopography) on the biogeochemistry of Hg, S, and other elements are being assessed by comparing observed elemental depth profiles with accumulation profiles predicted solely from atmospheric deposition. We are using principal component analyses and cluster analyses to elucidate relationships between humification indices, peat physical properties, and inorganic and organic geochemistry data to interpret the main processes controlling net Hg accumulation and elemental concentrations in surface and subsurface peat layers. These findings are critical to predicting how climate change will affect future accumulation of Hg as well as existing Hg stores in NPE, and for providing reference baselines for SPRUCE future investigations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Nater, E A AU - Furman, O AU - Toner, B M AU - Sebestyen, S D AU - Tfaily, Malak AU - Chanton, J AU - Fissore, C AU - McFarlane, K J AU - Hanson, P J AU - Iversen, C M AU - Kolka, R K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B43F EP - 0301 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676593668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Elucidating+effects+of+atmospheric+deposition+and+peat+decomposition+processes+on+mercury+accumulation+rates+in+a+northern+Minnesota+peatland+over+last+10%2C000+cal+years&rft.au=Nater%2C+E+A%3BFurman%2C+O%3BToner%2C+B+M%3BSebestyen%2C+S+D%3BTfaily%2C+Malak%3BChanton%2C+J%3BFissore%2C+C%3BMcFarlane%2C+K+J%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BIversen%2C+C+M%3BKolka%2C+R+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nater&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in landscape-level carbon balance of an Arctic Coastal Plain tundra ecosystem between 1970-2100, in response to projected climate change AN - 1676592764; 2015-038037 AB - Northern permafrost regions are estimated to cover 16% of the global soil area and account for approximately 50% of the global belowground organic carbon pool. However, there are considerable uncertainties regarding the fate of this soil carbon pool with projected climate warming over the next century. In northern Alaska, nearly 65% of the terrestrial surface is composed of polygonal tundra, where geomorphic land cover types such as high-, flat-, and low-center polygons influence local surface hydrology, plant community composition, nutrient and biogeochemical cycling, over small spatial scales. Due to the lack of representation of these fine-scale geomorphic types and ecosystem processes, in large-scale terrestrial ecosystem models, future uncertainties are large for this tundra region. In this study, we use a new version of the terrestrial ecosystem model (TEM), that couples a dynamic vegetation model (in which plant functional types compete for water, nitrogen, and light) with a dynamic soil organic model (in which temperature, moisture, and associated organic/inorganic carbon and nitrogen pools/fluxes vary together in vertically resolved layers) to simulate ecosystem carbon balance. We parameterized and calibrated this model using data specific to the local climate, vegetation, and soil associated with tundra geomorphic types. We extrapolate model results at a 1 km2 resolution across the approximately 1800 km2 Barrow Peninsula using a tundra geomorphology map, describing ten dominant geomorphic tundra types (Lara et al. submitted), to estimate the likely change in landscape-level carbon balance between 1970 and 2100 in response to projected climate change. Preliminary model runs for this region indicated temporal variability in carbon and active layer dynamics, specific to tundra geomorphic type over time. Overall, results suggest that it is important to consider small-scale discrete polygonal tundra geomorphic types that control local structure and function in regional estimates of carbon balance in northern Alaska. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lara, M J AU - McGuire, A D AU - Euskirchen, E S AU - Genet, H AU - Sloan, Victoria L AU - Iversen, C M AU - Norby, R J AU - Zhang, Y AU - Yuan, F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B44B EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676592764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Changes+in+landscape-level+carbon+balance+of+an+Arctic+Coastal+Plain+tundra+ecosystem+between+1970-2100%2C+in+response+to+projected+climate+change&rft.au=Lara%2C+M+J%3BMcGuire%2C+A+D%3BEuskirchen%2C+E+S%3BGenet%2C+H%3BSloan%2C+Victoria+L%3BIversen%2C+C+M%3BNorby%2C+R+J%3BZhang%2C+Y%3BYuan%2C+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lara&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intercomparison of the Wetchimp-WSL wetland methane models over West Siberia; how well can we simulate high-latitude wetland methane emissions? AN - 1676592141; 2015-038035 AB - Wetlands are the world's largest natural source of methane, a powerful greenhouse gas. The strong sensitivity of these emissions to environmental factors such as soil temperature and moisture has led to concerns about potential positive feedbacks to climate change. This is particularly true at high latitudes, which have experienced pronounced warming and where thawing permafrost could potentially liberate large amounts of labile carbon over this century. Despite the importance of wetland methane emissions to the global carbon cycle and climate dynamics, global models exhibit little agreement as to the magnitude and spatial distribution of emissions, due to uncertainties in both wetland area and emissions per unit area driven by a scarcity of in situ observations. Recent intensive field campaigns across West Siberia make this an ideal region over which to assess the performance of large-scale process-based wetland models in a high-latitude environment. Here we present the results of a follow-up to the Wetland and Wetland CH4 Model Intercomparison Project focused on the West Siberian Lowland (WETCHIMP-WSL). We assessed 17 models and 5 inversions over this domain in terms of total CH4 emissions, simulated wetland areas, and CH4 fluxes per unit wetland area and compared these results to an intensive in situ CH4 flux dataset, several wetland maps, and two satellite inundation products. Findings include: a) estimates of total CH4 emissions from both models and inversions spanned almost an order of magnitude; b) forward models using inundation alone to estimate wetland areas suffered from severe biases in CH4 emissions; and c) aside from these area-driven biases, disagreement in flux per unit wetland area was the main driver of forward model uncertainty. We examine which forward model approaches are best suited towards simulating high-latitude wetlands and make recommendations for future modeling, remote sensing, and field campaigns to reduce model uncertainty. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bohn, Theodore J AU - Melton, Joe R AU - Brovkin, Victor AU - Chen, G AU - Denisov, S N AU - Eliseev (Eliseyev), A V AU - Gallego-Sala, A V AU - Glagolev, M AU - Ito, A AU - Kaplan, Jed O AU - Kleinen, Thomas AU - Maksyutov, Shamil S AU - McDonald, K C AU - Rawlins, M A AU - Riley, W J AU - Schroeder, R AU - Spahni, R AU - Stocker, B AU - Subin, Z M AU - Tian, Han AU - Zhang, B AU - Zhu, Xudong AU - Zhuang, Q AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B44A EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676592141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Intercomparison+of+the+Wetchimp-WSL+wetland+methane+models+over+West+Siberia%3B+how+well+can+we+simulate+high-latitude+wetland+methane+emissions%3F&rft.au=Bohn%2C+Theodore+J%3BMelton%2C+Joe+R%3BBrovkin%2C+Victor%3BChen%2C+G%3BDenisov%2C+S+N%3BEliseev+%28Eliseyev%29%2C+A+V%3BGallego-Sala%2C+A+V%3BGlagolev%2C+M%3BIto%2C+A%3BKaplan%2C+Jed+O%3BKleinen%2C+Thomas%3BMaksyutov%2C+Shamil+S%3BMcDonald%2C+K+C%3BRawlins%2C+M+A%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BSchroeder%2C+R%3BSpahni%2C+R%3BStocker%2C+B%3BSubin%2C+Z+M%3BTian%2C+Han%3BZhang%2C+B%3BZhu%2C+Xudong%3BZhuang%2C+Q%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bohn&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate change and the permafrost carbon feedback AN - 1676592133; 2015-037960 AB - Approximately twice as much soil carbon is stored in the northern circumpolar permafrost zone than is currently contained in the atmosphere. Permafrost thaw, and the microbial decomposition of previously frozen organic carbon, is considered one of the most likely positive feedbacks from terrestrial ecosystems to the atmosphere in a warmer world. Yet, the rate and form of release is highly uncertain but crucial for predicting the strength and timing of this carbon cycle feedback this century and beyond. New insight brought together under a multi-year synthesis effort by the Permafrost Carbon Network helps constrain current understanding of the permafrost carbon feedback to climate, and provides a framework for newly developing research initiatives in this region. A newly enlarged soil carbon database continues to verify the widespread pattern of large quantities of carbon accumulated deep in permafrost soils. The known pool of permafrost carbon is now estimated to be 1330-1580 Pg C, with the potential for approximately 400 Pg C in deep permafrost sediments that remain largely unquantified. Laboratory incubations of these permafrost soils reveal that a significant fraction of this material can be mineralized by microbes and converted to CO2 and CH4 on time scales of years to decades, with decade-long average losses from aerobic incubations ranging from 6-34% of initial carbon. Variation in loss rates is depended on the carbon to nitrogen ratio, with higher values leading to more proportional loss. Model scenarios show potential C release from the permafrost zone ranging from 37-174 Pg C by 2100 under the current climate warming trajectory (RCP 8.5), with an average across models of 92+ or -17 Pg C. Furthermore, thawing permafrost C is forecasted to impact global climate for centuries, with models, on average, estimating 59% of total C emissions after 2100. Taken together, greenhouse gas emissions from warming permafrost appear likely to occur at a magnitude similar to other historically important biospheric C sources, such as land use change, but that is only a fraction of current fossil fuel emissions. Permafrost C emissions are likely to be felt over decades to centuries as northern regions warm, making climate change happen even faster than we think based on projected emissions from human activities alone. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Schuur, E A G AU - McGuire, A D AU - Grosse, Guido AU - Harden, J W AU - Hayes, D J AU - Hugelius, Gustaf AU - Koven, C D AU - Kuhry, Peter AU - Lawrence, D M AU - Natali, S AU - Olefeldt, D AU - Romanovsky, V E AU - Schaedel, C AU - Schaefer, Kevin M AU - Turetsky, M R AU - Treat, Claire C AU - Vonk, Jorien AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B41O EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676592133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Climate+change+and+the+permafrost+carbon+feedback&rft.au=Schuur%2C+E+A+G%3BMcGuire%2C+A+D%3BGrosse%2C+Guido%3BHarden%2C+J+W%3BHayes%2C+D+J%3BHugelius%2C+Gustaf%3BKoven%2C+C+D%3BKuhry%2C+Peter%3BLawrence%2C+D+M%3BNatali%2C+S%3BOlefeldt%2C+D%3BRomanovsky%2C+V+E%3BSchaedel%2C+C%3BSchaefer%2C+Kevin+M%3BTuretsky%2C+M+R%3BTreat%2C+Claire+C%3BVonk%2C+Jorien%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schuur&rft.aufirst=E+A&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectral characteristics of vegetation functional traits across a range of thaw gradients on Alaska's Seward Peninsula AN - 1676589384; 2015-037918 AB - The Arctic and Boreal regions are warming rapidly, leading to the thawing of the underlying permafrost and associated changes in vegetation structure and composition. The thawing of ice-rich permafrost drives land surface dynamics called thermokarst, characterized by a variety of geomorphic surface features across high latitude landscapes. The development of these thermokarst or thermo-erosional features depends on factors such as local permafrost conditions, hydrology, geomorphology, vegetation, and climate, but their degree of dependence are not well understood across scales. The structure, functions and traits of the vegetation can work as effective indicators of these landscape changes. Our ability to characterize these vegetation characteristics across a wide range of thaw gradients at the local scale could help us to better understand the dependency as well as the impacts of thermokarst processes on them. This will also help us to develop capabilities to quantify these characteristics and dependencies from local to regional scales by using remote sensing and ecosystem modeling techniques. During the months of June-July of 2013 and 2014, we conducted field surveys at various sites across the central Seward Peninsula in Alaska covering a range of thaw gradients to collect data for vegetation functional traits, ancillary data and also hyperspectral data in the 400-2500 nm range using a field spectrometer. Data were collected from plots established along 50 m transects to capture transitional states of these thaw features from the upland zone, transition zone, and thaw lake basins as well as in polygonal features. Here we discuss the characteristics of vegetation functional traits and how they relate to the ground-based spectral measurements. Some of these findings could be scaled up using airborne and satellite remote sensing data. The findings from this study can improve our understanding of disturbance patterns and their feedbacks to local scale plant and soil dynamics. Scaling up our understanding based on multi-scale remote sensing and ecosystem models over multiple spatial and temporal scales across landscapes could help us reduce uncertainties in estimating the carbon budget from local to pan-arctic scales. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Goswami, S AU - Hayes, D J AU - Sloan, Victoria L AU - Liebig, J A AU - Norby, R J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B31F EP - 0083 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676589384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Spectral+characteristics+of+vegetation+functional+traits+across+a+range+of+thaw+gradients+on+Alaska%27s+Seward+Peninsula&rft.au=Goswami%2C+S%3BHayes%2C+D+J%3BSloan%2C+Victoria+L%3BLiebig%2C+J+A%3BNorby%2C+R+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Goswami&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pathways and transformations of dissolved methane and dissolved inorganic carbon in Arctic tundra soils; evidence from analysis of stable isotopes AN - 1676587511; 2015-037984 AB - Arctic soils contain a large pool of terrestrial C and are of great interest because of their potential for releasing significant amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. Few attempts have been made, however, to derive quantitative budgets of CO2 and CH4 budgets for high-latitude ecosystems. Therefore, this study used naturally occurring geochemical and isotopic tracers to estimate production pathways and transformations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC=Sigma (total) dissolved CO2) and dissolved CH4 in soil pore waters from 17 locations (drainages) in Barrow, Alaska (USA) in July and September, 2013; and to approximate a complete balance of belowground C cycling at our sampling locations. Results suggest that CH4 was primarily derived from biogenic acetate fermentation, with a shift at 4 locations from July to September towards CO2 reduction as the dominant methanogenic pathway. A large majority of CH4 produced at the frost table methane was transferred directly to the atmosphere via plant roots and ebullition (94.0+ or -1.4% and 96.6+ or -5.0% in July and September). A considerable fraction of the remaining CH4 was oxidized to CO2 during upward diffusion in July and September, respectively. Methane oxidization produced <1% of CO2 relative to alternative production mechanisms in deep subsurface pore waters. The majority of subsurface CO2 was produced from anaerobic respiration, likely due to reduction of Fe oxides and humics (52+ or -6 to 100+ or -13%, on average) while CO2 produced from methanogenesis accounted for the remainder (0+ or -13% to 47+ or -6%, on average) for July and September, respectively. Dissolved CH4 and dissolved CO2 concentrations correlated with thaw depth, suggesting that Arctic ecosystems will likely produce and release a greater amount of greenhouse gasses under projected warming and deepening of active layer thaw depth under future climate change scenarios. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Throckmorton, H AU - Perkins, G AU - Muss, J D AU - Smith, Lydia J AU - Conrad, M E AU - Torn, M S AU - Heikoop, J M AU - Newman, B D AU - Wilson, C J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B43B EP - 0234 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676587511?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Pathways+and+transformations+of+dissolved+methane+and+dissolved+inorganic+carbon+in+Arctic+tundra+soils%3B+evidence+from+analysis+of+stable+isotopes&rft.au=Throckmorton%2C+H%3BPerkins%2C+G%3BMuss%2C+J+D%3BSmith%2C+Lydia+J%3BConrad%2C+M+E%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BHeikoop%2C+J+M%3BNewman%2C+B+D%3BWilson%2C+C+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Throckmorton&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of temperature and substrate availability on methanotrophy in Arctic permafrost landscapes AN - 1676587452; 2015-037957 AB - Arctic permafrost ecosystems store approximately 50% of global belowground carbon (C) and are a considerable source of atmospheric methane (CH4). Current estimates report that nearly 10-40 Tg yr-1 of CH4 is released from permafrost environments. In particular, topographic depressions on the landscape are predominantly anoxic and conducive to active methanogenesis. At the sediment-water interfaces of the water-saturated polygonal units, namely low- and flat-centered polygons, CH4 and oxygen gradients overlap and bacterial CH4 oxidation is an important process contributing to CH4 consumption. Methanotrophic bacteria represent the major terrestrial sinks for CH4 and can reduce CH4 emissions by approximately 70%. Therefore, determining how the activity and abundance of methanotrophic communities respond to warming temperature conditions is critical to predicting effects of permafrost thaw and active layer warming on CH4 emissions. As ground temperature increases in the Arctic landscape, a major impact of permafrost thaw could be draining of the active layer with resultant subsidence leading to the formation of elevated and relatively oxic high-centered polygons. These changes can impact both methanogen and methanotroph communities and affect net CH4 fluxes. To understand the controls of temperature and substrate availability on CH4 oxidation, we examined process rates and temporal dynamics of methanotroph biomass in contrasting landscape gradients. We investigated the active layer and Cryoturbated permafrost organic soils from replicate soil cores collected from high-centered and flat-centered polygonal units in the Barrow Environmental Observatory, Barrow, AK. We used quantitative PCR to quantify methanogen (mcrA) and methanotroph (pmoA) population size by functional gene analysis. We present potential methane oxidation activity in response to three incubation temperatures (-2 degrees C, 4 degrees C, and 10 degrees C) that represent thaw-season ground temperatures. Our objectives were to estimate the rates of CH4 oxidation in response to seasonal fluctuations in temperature and to contrast the potential of methanogenic environments to oxidize CH4. We further compare the results with methanogenesis rates to understand the temporal dynamics of CH4 production and oxidation in warming conditions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Roy Chowdhury, T AU - Graham, D E AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B31G EP - 0146 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676587452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Effects+of+temperature+and+substrate+availability+on+methanotrophy+in+Arctic+permafrost+landscapes&rft.au=Roy+Chowdhury%2C+T%3BGraham%2C+D+E%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Roy+Chowdhury&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current status and recent research achievements in SiC/SiC composites AN - 1673393417; PQ0001263589 AB - The silicon carbide fiber-reinforced silicon carbide matrix (SiC/SiC) composite system for fusion applications has seen a continual evolution from development a fundamental understanding of the material system and its behavior in a hostile irradiation environment to the current effort which is directed at a broad-based program of technology maturation program. In essence, over the past few decades this material system has steadily moved from a laboratory curiosity to an engineering material, both for fusion structural applications and other high performance application such as aerospace. This paper outlines the recent international scientific and technological achievements towards the development of SiC/SiC composite material technologies for fusion application and discusses future research directions. It also reviews the materials system in the larger context of progress to maturity as an engineering material for both the larger nuclear community and broader engineering applications. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Katoh, Y AU - Snead, L L AU - Henager, C H, Jr AU - Nozawa, T AU - Hinoki, T AU - Ivekovic, A AU - Novak, S AU - de Vicente, S M Gonzalez AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, katohy@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - Dec 2014 SP - 387 EP - 397 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 455 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Composite materials KW - Silicon KW - Reviews KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Maturity KW - Technology KW - ENA 08:International UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673393417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Current+status+and+recent+research+achievements+in+SiC%2FSiC+composites&rft.au=Katoh%2C+Y%3BSnead%2C+L+L%3BHenager%2C+C+H%2C+Jr%3BNozawa%2C+T%3BHinoki%2C+T%3BIvekovic%2C+A%3BNovak%2C+S%3Bde+Vicente%2C+S+M+Gonzalez&rft.aulast=Katoh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=455&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.06.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 82 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Composite materials; Silicon; Irradiation; Reviews; Radioactive materials; Maturity; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.06.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alloying and coating strategies for improved Pb-Li compatibility in DEMO-type fusion reactors AN - 1673392626; PQ0001263578 AB - Two strategies were explored to improve the Pb-16Li compatibility of Fe-base alloys for a fusion energy blanket system. The use of thin (~50 mu m) Al-rich diffusion coatings on Grade 92 (9Cr-2W) substrates significantly reduced the mass loss in static Pb-Li capsule tests for up to 5000 h at 600 [degrees]C and 700 [degrees]C. However, significant Al loss was observed at 700 [degrees]C. Thicker coatings with Fe-Al intermetallic layers partially spalled after exposure at 700 [degrees]C, suggesting that coating strategies are limited to lower temperatures. To identify compositions for further alloy development, model FeCrAlY alloys with 10-20 wt.%Cr and 3-5%Al were exposed for 1000 h at 700 [degrees]C. There was little effect on mass change of varying the Cr content, however, alloys with <5% Al showed mass losses in these experiments. For both coatings and FeCrAl alloys, the surface reaction product was LiAlO sub(2) after exposure and cleaning. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Unocic, K A AU - Pint, B A AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, unocicka@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - Dec 2014 SP - 330 EP - 334 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 455 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Intermetallic compounds KW - Chromium molybdenum vanadium steels KW - Heat resistant steels KW - High strength steels KW - FeAl KW - P92 KW - Energy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Alloys KW - Fusion reactors KW - Diffusion KW - Coatings KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673392626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Alloying+and+coating+strategies+for+improved+Pb-Li+compatibility+in+DEMO-type+fusion+reactors&rft.au=Unocic%2C+K+A%3BPint%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=Unocic&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=455&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=330&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.06.058 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Fusion reactors; Alloys; Diffusion; Coatings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.06.058 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of population growth and advancements in technology on global mineral supply AN - 1660031369; 4650182 AB - Over the decades concerns have been raised about the future availability of certain essential minerals due to increased rates of population growth and advancements in technology. This paper seeks to assess the current state of global mineral supply, focusing mainly on the food and energy technology industries. Through analysis of global mineral production and consumption over a 40-year period we are able to ascertain that, for the industries in question, the increasing global demand is being met by constantly growing mineral reserves. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Resources policy AU - Wellington, Ann A AU - Mason, Thomas E AD - University of Tennessee ; Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - Dec 2014 SP - 73 EP - 82 VL - 42 SN - 0301-4207, 0301-4207 KW - Economics KW - Demand KW - High technology KW - Population growth KW - Mining KW - Export supply KW - Minerals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660031369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Resources+policy&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+population+growth+and+advancements+in+technology+on+global+mineral+supply&rft.au=Wellington%2C+Ann+A%3BMason%2C+Thomas+E&rft.aulast=Wellington&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Resources+policy&rft.issn=03014207&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.resourpol.2014.10.006 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-02 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 9867 3407 3412 9859; 5844 12622; 8101; 4672 12401; 3371 3934; 8109 7847 10242 3872 554 971 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2014.10.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low-cost phase change material as an energy storage medium in building envelopes: Experimental and numerical analyses AN - 1655733508; 21194361 AB - A promising approach to increasing the energy efficiency of buildings is the implementation of a phase change material (PCM) in the building envelope. Numerous studies over the last two decades have reported the energy saving potential of PCM5 in building envelopes, but their wide application has been inhibited, in part, by their high cost. This article describes a novel PCM made of naturally occurring fatty acids/glycerides trapped into high density polyethylene (HDPE) pellets and its performance in a building envelope application. The PCM-HDPE pellets were mixed with cellulose insulation and then added to an exterior wall of a test building in a hot and humid climate, and tested over a period of several months. To demonstrate the efficacy of the PCM-enhanced cellulose insulation in reducing the building envelope heat gains and losses, a side-by-side comparison was performed with another wall section filled with cellulose-only insulation. Further, numerical modeling of the test wall was performed to determine the actual impact of the PCM-HDPE pellets on wall-generated heating and cooling loads and the associated electricity consumption. The model was first validated using experimental data and then used for annual simulations using typical meteorological year (TMY3) weather data. This article presents the experimental data and numerical analyses showing the energy-saving potential of the new PCM. JF - Energy Conversion & Management AU - Biswas, Kaushik AU - Abhari, Ramin AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, biswak@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - Dec 2014 SP - 1020 EP - 1031 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 88 SN - 0196-8904, 0196-8904 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Phase change materials KW - Low-cost PCM KW - PCM modeling KW - Finite element analysis KW - COMSOL KW - Weather KW - Energy efficiency KW - Mathematical models KW - Cellulose KW - Energy conservation KW - Simulation KW - Buildings KW - Storage KW - Energy KW - Fatty acids KW - Meteorology KW - Cooling systems KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1655733508?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Conversion+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Low-cost+phase+change+material+as+an+energy+storage+medium+in+building+envelopes%3A+Experimental+and+numerical+analyses&rft.au=Biswas%2C+Kaushik%3BAbhari%2C+Ramin&rft.aulast=Biswas&rft.aufirst=Kaushik&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1020&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Conversion+%26+Management&rft.issn=01968904&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enconman.2014.09.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Energy efficiency; Weather; Mathematical models; Energy; Cellulose; Fatty acids; Energy conservation; Simulation; Meteorology; Cooling systems; Buildings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2014.09.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Size tunable elemental copper nanoparticles: extracellular synthesis by thermoanaerobic bacteria and capping molecules AN - 1654673253; 21224718 AB - Bimodal sized elemental copper (Cu) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized from inexpensive oxidized copper salts by an extracellular metal-reduction process using anaerobic Thermoanaerobactersp. X513 bacteria in aqueous solution. The bacteria nucleate NPs outside of the cell, and they control the Cu super(2+) reduction rate to form uniform crystallites with an average diameter of 1.75 plus or minus 0.46 mu m after 3 days incubation. To control the size and enhance the air stability of Cu NPs, the reaction mixtures were supplemented with nitrilotriacetic acid as a chelator, and the surfactant capping agents oleic acid, oleylamine, ascorbic acid, or l-cysteine. Time-dependent UV-visible absorption measurements and XPS studies indicated well-suspended, bimodal colloidal Cu NPs (70-150 and 5-10 nm) with extended air-stability up to 300 min and stable Cu NP film surfaces with 14% oxidation after 20 days. FTIR spectroscopy suggested that these capping agents were effectively adsorbed on the NP surface providing oxidation resistance under aqueous and dry conditions. Compared to previously reported Cu NP syntheses, this biological process substantially reduced the requirement for hazardous organic solvents and chemical reducing agents, while reducing the levels of Cu oxide impurities in the product. This process was highly reproducible and scalable from 0.01 to 1 L batches. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. C, Materials for optical and electronic devices. AU - Jang, Gyoung Gug AU - Jacobs, Christopher B AU - Gresback, Ryan G AU - Ivanov, Ilia N AU - Meyer, Harry M, III AU - Kidder, Michelle AU - Joshi, Pooran C AU - Jellison, Gerald E, Jr AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Graham, David E AU - Moon, Ji-Won AD - Biosciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA; , moonj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - 644 EP - 650 PB - R S C Publications, Thomas Graham House (290) Cambridge CB4 0WF United Kingdom VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 2050-7526, 2050-7526 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Bacteria KW - Impurities KW - Solvents KW - Crystals KW - Copper KW - Chelating agents KW - Ascorbic acid KW - Salts KW - I.R. spectroscopy KW - Reducing agents KW - Oxidation KW - oxides KW - Electronic equipment KW - Surfactants KW - nanoparticles KW - Oleic acid KW - FliM protein KW - J 02490:Miscellaneous KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1654673253?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+C%2C+Materials+for+optical+and+electronic+devices.&rft.atitle=Size+tunable+elemental+copper+nanoparticles%3A+extracellular+synthesis+by+thermoanaerobic+bacteria+and+capping+molecules&rft.au=Jang%2C+Gyoung+Gug%3BJacobs%2C+Christopher+B%3BGresback%2C+Ryan+G%3BIvanov%2C+Ilia+N%3BMeyer%2C+Harry+M%2C+III%3BKidder%2C+Michelle%3BJoshi%2C+Pooran+C%3BJellison%2C+Gerald+E%2C+Jr%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BGraham%2C+David+E%3BMoon%2C+Ji-Won&rft.aulast=Jang&rft.aufirst=Gyoung&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=644&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+C%2C+Materials+for+optical+and+electronic+devices.&rft.issn=20507526&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4tc02356k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Impurities; Solvents; Copper; Crystals; Chelating agents; Ascorbic acid; Salts; I.R. spectroscopy; Oxidation; Reducing agents; oxides; Electronic equipment; Oleic acid; nanoparticles; Surfactants; FliM protein; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tc02356k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, solar UV radiation, and climate change on biogeochemical cycling: interactions and feedbacks AN - 1654672763; 21224408 AB - Climate change modulates the effects of solar UV radiation on biogeochemical cycles in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, particularly for carbon cycling, resulting in UV-mediated positive or negative feedbacks on climate. Possible positive feedbacks discussed in this assessment include: (i) enhanced UV-induced mineralisation of above ground litter due to aridification; (ii) enhanced UV-induced mineralisation of photoreactive dissolved organic matter (DOM) in aquatic ecosystems due to changes in continental runoff and ice melting; (iii) reduced efficiency of the biological pump due to UV-induced bleaching of coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in stratified aquatic ecosystems, where CDOM protects phytoplankton from the damaging solar UV-B radiation. Mineralisation of organic matter results in the production and release of CO sub(2), whereas the biological pump is the main biological process for CO sub(2) removal by aquatic ecosystems. This paper also assesses the interactive effects of solar UV radiation and climate change on the biogeochemical cycling of aerosols and trace gases other than CO sub(2), as well as of chemical and biological contaminants. Interacting effects of solar UV radiation and climate change on biogeochemical cycles are particularly pronounced at terrestrial-aquatic interfaces. JF - Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences AU - Erickson, David J, III AU - Sulzberger, Barbara AU - Zepp, Richard G AU - Austin, Amy T AD - Computational Earth Sciences Group Computer Science and Mathematics Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; P.O. Box 2008; MS 6016 Oak Ridge TN 37831-6016; USA; , d.j.erickson@tds.net Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - 127 EP - 148 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1474-905X, 1474-905X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Litter KW - Aerosols KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Climate change KW - Carbon cycle KW - Phytoplankton KW - Mineralization KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - Photochemicals KW - Dissolved organic matter KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Pumps KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Ozone KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1654672763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Photochemical+%26+Photobiological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Effects+of+stratospheric+ozone+depletion%2C+solar+UV+radiation%2C+and+climate+change+on+biogeochemical+cycling%3A+interactions+and+feedbacks&rft.au=Erickson%2C+David+J%2C+III%3BSulzberger%2C+Barbara%3BZepp%2C+Richard+G%3BAustin%2C+Amy+T&rft.aulast=Erickson&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Photochemical+%26+Photobiological+Sciences&rft.issn=1474905X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4pp90036g LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 249 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aerosols; Litter; Biogeochemistry; Climate change; Carbon cycle; Phytoplankton; Aquatic ecosystems; Mineralization; Photochemicals; Dissolved organic matter; Ultraviolet radiation; Pumps; Carbon dioxide; Ozone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4pp90036g ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Systems and synthetic biology approaches to alter plant cell walls and reduce biomass recalcitrance AN - 1635025329; 21092211 AB - Fine-tuning plant cell wall properties to render plant biomass more amenable to biofuel conversion is a colossal challenge. A deep knowledge of the biosynthesis and regulation of plant cell wall and a high-precision genome engineering toolset are the two essential pillars of efforts to alter plant cell walls and reduce biomass recalcitrance. The past decade has seen a meteoric rise in use of transcriptomics and high-resolution imaging methods resulting in fresh insights into composition, structure, formation and deconstruction of plant cell walls. Subsequent gene manipulation approaches, however, commonly include ubiquitous mis-expression of a single candidate gene in a host that carries an intact copy of the native gene. The challenges posed by pleiotropic and unintended changes resulting from such an approach are moving the field towards synthetic biology approaches. Synthetic biology builds on a systems biology knowledge base and leverages high-precision tools for high-throughput assembly of multigene constructs and pathways, precision genome editing and site-specific gene stacking, silencing and/or removal. Here, we summarize the recent breakthroughs in biosynthesis and remodelling of major secondary cell wall components, assess the impediments in obtaining a systems-level understanding and explore the potential opportunities in leveraging synthetic biology approaches to reduce biomass recalcitrance. JF - Plant Biotechnology Journal AU - Kalluri, Udaya C AU - Yin, Hengfu AU - Yang, Xiaohan AU - Davison, Brian H AD - BioEnergy Science Center and Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - Dec 2014 SP - 1207 EP - 1216 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 12 IS - 9 SN - 1467-7644, 1467-7644 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Plant cells KW - Stacking KW - Reviews KW - Gene manipulation KW - Biomass KW - imaging KW - Biofuels KW - Gene silencing KW - Cell walls KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1635025329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Biotechnology+Journal&rft.atitle=Systems+and+synthetic+biology+approaches+to+alter+plant+cell+walls+and+reduce+biomass+recalcitrance&rft.au=Kalluri%2C+Udaya+C%3BYin%2C+Hengfu%3BYang%2C+Xiaohan%3BDavison%2C+Brian+H&rft.aulast=Kalluri&rft.aufirst=Udaya&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Biotechnology+Journal&rft.issn=14677644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fpbi.12283 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Plant cells; Stacking; Reviews; Gene manipulation; Biomass; imaging; Biofuels; Cell walls; Gene silencing DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12283 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The reaction mechanism of SnSb and Sb thin film anodes for Na-ion batteries studied by X-ray diffraction, super(119)Sn and super(121)Sb Mossbauer spectroscopies AN - 1562667522; 20589642 AB - The electrochemical reaction of Sb and SnSb anodes with Na results in the formation of amorphous materials. To understand the resulting phases and electrochemical capacities we studied the local order using super(119)Sn and super(121)Sb Mossbauer spectroscopies in conjunction with measurements performed on model powder compounds of Na-Sn and Na-Sb to further clarify the reactions steps. For pure Sb the sodiation starts with the formation of an amorphous phase composed of atomic environments similar to those found in NaSb, and proceeds further by the formation of crystalline Na sub(3)Sb. The reversible reaction takes place during a large portion of the charge process. At full charge the anode material still contains a substantial fraction of Na, explaining the lack of recrystallization into crystalline Sb. The reaction of SnSb yields Na sub(3)Sb at full discharge at higher temperatures (65 and 95 [degrees]C) while the RT reaction yields amorphous compounds. The electrochemically-driven, solid-state amorphization reaction occurring at RT is governed by the simultaneous formation of Na-coordinated Sn and Sb environments, as monitored by the decrease (increase) of the super(119)Sn ( super(121)Sb) Mossbauer isomer shifts. Overall, the monitoring of the hyperfine parameters enables to correlate changes in Na content to the local chemical environments. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Baggetto, Loic AU - Hah, Hien-Yoong AU - Jumas, Jean-Claude AU - Johnson, Charles E AU - Johnson, Jacqueline A AU - Keum, Jong K AU - Bridges, Craig A AU - Veith, Gabriel M AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, loic_baggetto@yahoo.fr Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - Dec 2014 SP - 329 EP - 336 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 267 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Sodium ion anode KW - Tin antimony (SnSb) KW - Antimony (Sb) KW - X-ray diffraction (XRD) KW - 119Sn Mossbauer spectroscopy KW - 121Sb Mossbauer spectroscopy KW - Batteries KW - Temperature KW - Spectroscopy KW - Electrochemistry KW - X-ray diffraction KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562667522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=The+reaction+mechanism+of+SnSb+and+Sb+thin+film+anodes+for+Na-ion+batteries+studied+by+X-ray+diffraction%2C+super%28119%29Sn+and+super%28121%29Sb+Mossbauer+spectroscopies&rft.au=Baggetto%2C+Loic%3BHah%2C+Hien-Yoong%3BJumas%2C+Jean-Claude%3BJohnson%2C+Charles+E%3BJohnson%2C+Jacqueline+A%3BKeum%2C+Jong+K%3BBridges%2C+Craig+A%3BVeith%2C+Gabriel+M&rft.aulast=Baggetto&rft.aufirst=Loic&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=267&rft.issue=&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2014.05.083 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Batteries; Temperature; X-ray diffraction; Electrochemistry; Spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.05.083 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying and generalizing hydrologic responses to dam regulation using a statistical modeling approach AN - 1707521155; 2015-083644 AB - Despite the ubiquitous existence of dams within riverscapes, much of our knowledge about dams and their environmental effects remains context-specific. Hydrology, more than any other environmental variable, has been studied in great detail with regard to dam regulation. While much progress has been made in generalizing the hydrologic effects of regulation by large dams, many aspects of hydrology show site-specific fidelity to dam operations, small dams (including diversions), and regional hydrologic regimes. A statistical modeling framework is presented as a predictive tool to quantify and generalize hydrologic responses to varying degrees of dam regulation at large spatial scales. In addition, the approach provides a method to expand sample sizes beyond that of traditional dam-hydrologic-effect analyses. Model performance was relatively poor with models explaining 10-31% of the variation in hydrologic responses. However, models had relatively high accuracies (61-89%) in classifying the direction of hydrologic responses as negative or positive. Responses of many hydrologic indices to dam regulation were highly dependent upon regional hydrology, the purpose of the dam, and the presence of diversion dams. In addition, models revealed opposite effects of dam regulation in systems regulated by individual dams versus many upstream dams, suggesting that the effects of dams may be countered by other dams in basins experiencing intensified cumulative disturbance. Results also suggested that particular contexts, including multipurpose dams, high cumulative regulation, diversions, and regions of unpredictable hydrology are all sources of increased error when predicting hydrologic responses to dams. Statistical models, such as the ones presented herein, show promise in their ability to generalize the directionality of hydrologic responses to dam regulation and provide parameter coefficients to inform future site-specific modeling efforts. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - McManamay, Ryan A Y1 - 2014/11/27/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 27 SP - 1278 EP - 1296 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 519 IS - Part A SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - gauging KW - degradation KW - reservoirs KW - statistical analysis KW - rivers and streams KW - legislation KW - prediction KW - ELOHA KW - environmental effects KW - models KW - errors KW - mathematical methods KW - dams KW - classification KW - drainage basins KW - ecological limits of hydrologic alteration KW - water resources KW - accuracy KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Quantifying+and+generalizing+hydrologic+responses+to+dam+regulation+using+a+statistical+modeling+approach&rft.au=McManamay%2C+Ryan+A&rft.aulast=McManamay&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2014-11-27&rft.volume=519&rft.issue=Part+A&rft.spage=1278&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2014.08.053 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 96 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; classification; dams; degradation; drainage basins; ecological limits of hydrologic alteration; ELOHA; environmental effects; errors; gauging; legislation; mathematical methods; models; prediction; reservoirs; rivers and streams; statistical analysis; United States; water resources DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.08.053 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Comparison of Detailed Characteristics of Substrates Produced By Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass in Flowthrough and Batch Reactors with Liquid Hot Water and Extremely Dilute Acid T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627980409; 6311975 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Bhagia, Samarthya Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Biomass UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627980409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Detailed+Characteristics+of+Substrates+Produced+By+Pretreatment+of+Lignocellulosic+Biomass+in+Flowthrough+and+Batch+Reactors+with+Liquid+Hot+Water+and+Extremely+Dilute+Acid&rft.au=Bhagia%2C+Samarthya&rft.aulast=Bhagia&rft.aufirst=Samarthya&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Free Energy Perturbation Approach to Molecular Model Development T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627977374; 6312185 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Vlcek, Lukas AU - Moucka, Filip AU - Nezbeda, Ivo AU - Chialvo, Ariel Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Molecular modelling KW - Energy KW - Free energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627977374?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Free+Energy+Perturbation+Approach+to+Molecular+Model+Development&rft.au=Vlcek%2C+Lukas%3BMoucka%2C+Filip%3BNezbeda%2C+Ivo%3BChialvo%2C+Ariel&rft.aulast=Vlcek&rft.aufirst=Lukas&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Bacterial Patterning at the Micron Scale for Quantitative Interactions T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627977246; 6312049 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Timm, Collin AU - Hansen, Ryan AU - Retterer, Scott AU - Pelletier, Dale Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Chemical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627977246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Bacterial+Patterning+at+the+Micron+Scale+for+Quantitative+Interactions&rft.au=Timm%2C+Collin%3BHansen%2C+Ryan%3BRetterer%2C+Scott%3BPelletier%2C+Dale&rft.aulast=Timm&rft.aufirst=Collin&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Adsorption of Uranium from Seawater T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627967956; 6311595 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Tsouris, Costas AU - Das, Sadananda AU - Kim, Jungseung AU - Mayes, Richard AU - Janke, Christopher AU - Saito, Tomonori AU - Dai, Sheng Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Marine environment KW - Uranium KW - Seawater KW - Adsorption UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627967956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Adsorption+of+Uranium+from+Seawater&rft.au=Tsouris%2C+Costas%3BDas%2C+Sadananda%3BKim%2C+Jungseung%3BMayes%2C+Richard%3BJanke%2C+Christopher%3BSaito%2C+Tomonori%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Tsouris&rft.aufirst=Costas&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Recovery of Bioelectricity and Hydrogen from Biorefinery Effluents T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627967914; 6312207 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Borole, Abhijeet AU - Schell, Daniel Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Hydrogen KW - Effluents KW - Bioelectricity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627967914?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Recovery+of+Bioelectricity+and+Hydrogen+from+Biorefinery+Effluents&rft.au=Borole%2C+Abhijeet%3BSchell%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Borole&rft.aufirst=Abhijeet&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Multiscale Simulations of Thermal Annealing of P3HT:PCBM Active Layers in Bulk Heterojunctions T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627965975; 6309627 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Carrillo, Jan AU - Kumar, Rajeev AU - Goswami, Monojoy AU - Kilbey, S AU - Sumpter, Bobby Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Simulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627965975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Multiscale+Simulations+of+Thermal+Annealing+of+P3HT%3APCBM+Active+Layers+in+Bulk+Heterojunctions&rft.au=Carrillo%2C+Jan%3BKumar%2C+Rajeev%3BGoswami%2C+Monojoy%3BKilbey%2C+S%3BSumpter%2C+Bobby&rft.aulast=Carrillo&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Low-Order Modeling of Biomass Particle Mixing and Reaction in a Bubbling-Bed Fast Pyrolysis Reactor T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627965296; 6311562 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Wiggins, Gavin AU - Daw, C AU - Halow, Jack Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Pyrolysis KW - Particulates KW - Biomass UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627965296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Low-Order+Modeling+of+Biomass+Particle+Mixing+and+Reaction+in+a+Bubbling-Bed+Fast+Pyrolysis+Reactor&rft.au=Wiggins%2C+Gavin%3BDaw%2C+C%3BHalow%2C+Jack&rft.aulast=Wiggins&rft.aufirst=Gavin&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - TWC formulation effects on NH3 generation for passive SCR applications in lean gasoline engine exhaust T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627965162; 6308585 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Pihl, Josh AU - Prikhodko, Vitaly AU - Toops, Todd AU - Parks, James Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Gasoline KW - Exhaust emissions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627965162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=TWC+formulation+effects+on+NH3+generation+for+passive+SCR+applications+in+lean+gasoline+engine+exhaust&rft.au=Pihl%2C+Josh%3BPrikhodko%2C+Vitaly%3BToops%2C+Todd%3BParks%2C+James&rft.aulast=Pihl&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Networked Structure and Properties of Lignin-Based Thermoplastics T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627964103; 6311512 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Naskar, Amit AU - Perkins, Joshua Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Chemical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627964103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Networked+Structure+and+Properties+of+Lignin-Based+Thermoplastics&rft.au=Naskar%2C+Amit%3BPerkins%2C+Joshua&rft.aulast=Naskar&rft.aufirst=Amit&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Computational Investigation of Dewetting of Reconfigurable Liquid Crystal Thin Films T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627962125; 6309549 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Nguyen, Trung AU - Carrillo, Jan-Michael Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Crystals KW - Computer applications KW - Films UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627962125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Computational+Investigation+of+Dewetting+of+Reconfigurable+Liquid+Crystal+Thin+Films&rft.au=Nguyen%2C+Trung%3BCarrillo%2C+Jan-Michael&rft.aulast=Nguyen&rft.aufirst=Trung&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Structure and Dynamics of Energy-Relevant Fluid-Solid Interfaces: A Long Journey with Peter Cummings through Very Small Times and Places! T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627961730; 6308675 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Wesolowski, David Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Chemical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627961730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Structure+and+Dynamics+of+Energy-Relevant+Fluid-Solid+Interfaces%3A+A+Long+Journey+with+Peter+Cummings+through+Very+Small+Times+and+Places%21&rft.au=Wesolowski%2C+David&rft.aulast=Wesolowski&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Off-Gas Treatment Requirements for Used Nuclear Fuel Processing T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627959842; 6308734 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Jubin, Robert AU - Soelberg, Nick AU - Strachan, Denis Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627959842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Off-Gas+Treatment+Requirements+for+Used+Nuclear+Fuel+Processing&rft.au=Jubin%2C+Robert%3BSoelberg%2C+Nick%3BStrachan%2C+Denis&rft.aulast=Jubin&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Surface and Structure Engineered Graphenes for Liquid-Phase Processing Toward High-Performance Porous Solid Electrode Films T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627959076; 6307998 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Hu, Michael Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Electrodes KW - Films UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627959076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Surface+and+Structure+Engineered+Graphenes+for+Liquid-Phase+Processing+Toward+High-Performance+Porous+Solid+Electrode+Films&rft.au=Hu%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Process Simulation Role in the Development of New Alloys Based on Integrated Computational Material Science and Engineering T2 - 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2014) AN - 1645170486; 6314838 JF - 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2014) AU - Sabau, Adrian AU - Porter, Wallace AU - Roy, Shibayan AU - Shyam, Amit Y1 - 2014/11/14/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 14 KW - Materials technology KW - Alloys KW - Simulation KW - alloys KW - Computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645170486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2014%29&rft.atitle=Process+Simulation+Role+in+the+Development+of+New+Alloys+Based+on+Integrated+Computational+Material+Science+and+Engineering&rft.au=Sabau%2C+Adrian%3BPorter%2C+Wallace%3BRoy%2C+Shibayan%3BShyam%2C+Amit&rft.aulast=Sabau&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft.date=2014-11-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asmeconferences.org/Congress2014/ViewAcceptedAbstracts.cfm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ionic liquids composed of phosphonium cations and organophosphate, carboxylate, and sulfonate anions as lubricant antiwear additives. AN - 1623288123; 25330413 AB - Oil-soluble phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) have recently been reported as potential ashless lubricant additives. This study is to expand the IL chemistry envelope and to achieve fundamental correlations between the ion structures and ILs' physiochemical and tribological properties. Here we present eight ILs containing two different phosphonium cations and seven different anions from three groups: organophosphate, carboxylate, and sulfonate. The oil solubility of ILs seems largely governed by the IL molecule size and structure complexity. When used as oil additives, the ranking of effectiveness in wear protection for the anions are organophosphate > carboxylate > sulfonate. All selected ILs outperformed a commercial ashless antiwear additive. Surface characterization from the top and the cross-section revealed the nanostructures and compositions of the tribo-films formed by the ILs. Some fundamental insights were achieved: branched and long alkyls improve the IL's oil solubility, anions of a phosphonium-phosphate IL contribute most phosphorus in the tribo-film, and carboxylate anions, though free of P, S, N, or halogen, can promote the formation of an antiwear tribo-film. JF - Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids AU - Zhou, Yan AU - Dyck, Jeffrey AU - Graham, Todd W AU - Luo, Huimin AU - Leonard, Donovan N AU - Qu, Jun AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States. Y1 - 2014/11/11/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 11 SP - 13301 EP - 13311 VL - 30 IS - 44 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623288123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Langmuir+%3A+the+ACS+journal+of+surfaces+and+colloids&rft.atitle=Ionic+liquids+composed+of+phosphonium+cations+and+organophosphate%2C+carboxylate%2C+and+sulfonate+anions+as+lubricant+antiwear+additives.&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Yan%3BDyck%2C+Jeffrey%3BGraham%2C+Todd+W%3BLuo%2C+Huimin%3BLeonard%2C+Donovan+N%3BQu%2C+Jun&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Yan&rft.date=2014-11-11&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=44&rft.spage=13301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Langmuir+%3A+the+ACS+journal+of+surfaces+and+colloids&rft.issn=1520-5827&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fla5032366 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-05-21 N1 - Date created - 2014-11-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la5032366 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring reservoir storage in south Asia from multisatellite remote sensing AN - 1673367168; 2015-036006 AB - Reservoir storage information is essential for accurate flood monitoring and prediction. South Asia, however, is dominated by international river basins where communications among neighboring countries about reservoir storage and management are extremely limited. A suite of satellite observations were combined to achieve high-quality estimation of reservoir storage and storage variations in South Asia from 2000 to 2012. The approach used water surface area estimations from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) vegetation indices product and the area-elevation relationship to estimate reservoir storage. The surface elevation measurements were from the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) on board the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat). In order to improve the accuracy of water surface area estimations for relatively small reservoirs, a novel classification algorithm was developed. In this study, storage information was retrieved for a total of 21 reservoirs, which represents 28% of the integrated reservoir capacity in South Asia. The satellite-based reservoir elevation and storage were validated by gauge observations over five reservoirs. The storage estimates were highly correlated with observations (i.e., coefficients of determination larger than 0.9), with normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) ranging from 9.51% to 25.20%. Uncertainty analysis was also conducted for the remotely sensed storage estimations. For the parameterization uncertainty associated with surface area retrieval, the storage mean relative error was 3.90%. With regard to the uncertainty introduced by ICESat/GLAS elevation measurements, the storage mean relative error was 0.67%. Abstract Copyright (2014), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Zhang, Shuai AU - Gao, Huilin AU - Naz, Bibi S Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 8927 EP - 8943 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 50 IS - 11 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - water storage KW - monitoring KW - reservoirs KW - southern Asia KW - elevation KW - surface water KW - laser ranging KW - altimetry KW - vegetation KW - satellite methods KW - measurement KW - Landsat KW - Indian Peninsula KW - Asia KW - remote sensing KW - MODIS KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673367168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Monitoring+reservoir+storage+in+south+Asia+from+multisatellite+remote+sensing&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Shuai%3BGao%2C+Huilin%3BNaz%2C+Bibi+S&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Shuai&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=8927&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014WR015829 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - altimetry; Asia; elevation; Indian Peninsula; Landsat; laser ranging; measurement; MODIS; monitoring; remote sensing; reservoirs; satellite methods; southern Asia; surface water; vegetation; water storage DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014WR015829 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The behavior of small helium clusters near free surfaces in tungsten AN - 1655732420; 21198820 AB - The results of a computational study of helium-vacancy clusters in tungsten are reported. A recently developed atomistic kinetic Monte Carlo method employing empirical interatomic potentials was used to investigate the behavior of clusters composed of three interstitial-helium atoms near {111}, {110} and {100} free surfaces. Multiple configurations were examined and the local energy landscape was characterized to determine cluster mobility and the potential for interactions with the surface. The clusters were found to be highly mobile if far from the surface, but were attracted and bound to the surface when within a distance of a few lattice parameters. When near the surface, the clusters were transformed into an immobile configuration due to the creation of a Frenkel pair; the vacancy was incorporated into what became a He sub(3)-vacancy complex. The corresponding interstitial migrated to and became an adatom on the free surface. This process can contribute to He retention, and may be responsible for the observed deterioration of the plasma-exposed tungsten surfaces. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Barashev, A V AU - Xu, H AU - Stoller, R E AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6114, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA, xhx@utk.edu Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - Nov 2014 SP - 421 EP - 426 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 454 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Mobility KW - Behavior KW - Kinetics KW - Energy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Landscape KW - Helium KW - Tungsten KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1655732420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=The+behavior+of+small+helium+clusters+near+free+surfaces+in+tungsten&rft.au=Barashev%2C+A+V%3BXu%2C+H%3BStoller%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Barashev&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=454&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=421&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.08.033 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Monte Carlo simulation; Behavior; Mobility; Energy; Kinetics; Landscape; Radioactive materials; Helium; Tungsten DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.08.033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deformation behavior of laser welds in high temperature oxidation resistant Fe-Cr-Al alloys for fuel cladding applications AN - 1655732225; 21198812 AB - Ferritic-structured Fe-Cr-Al alloys are being developed and show promise as oxidation resistant accident tolerant light water reactor fuel cladding. This study focuses on investigating the weldability and postweld mechanical behavior of three model alloys in a range of Fe-(13-17.5)Cr-(3-4.4)Al (wt.%) with a minor addition of yttrium using modern laser-welding techniques. A detailed study on the mechanical performance of bead-on-plate welds using sub-sized, flat dog-bone tensile specimens and digital image correlation (DIC) has been carried out to determine the performance of welds as a function of alloy composition. Results indicated a reduction in the yield strength within the fusion zone compared to the base metal. Yield strength reduction was found to be primarily constrained to the fusion zone due to grain coarsening with a less severe reduction in the heat affected zone. For all proposed alloys, laser welding resulted in a defect free weld devoid of cracking or inclusions. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Field, Kevin G AU - Gussev, Maxim N AU - Yamamoto, Yukinori AU - Snead, Lance L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, fieldkg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - Nov 2014 SP - 352 EP - 358 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 454 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Metals KW - Fuels KW - Yttrium KW - Accidents KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Behavior KW - High temperature KW - Radioactive materials KW - Oxidation KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Welding KW - Alloys KW - Lasers KW - Deformation KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1655732225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Deformation+behavior+of+laser+welds+in+high+temperature+oxidation+resistant+Fe-Cr-Al+alloys+for+fuel+cladding+applications&rft.au=Field%2C+Kevin+G%3BGussev%2C+Maxim+N%3BYamamoto%2C+Yukinori%3BSnead%2C+Lance+L&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=454&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.08.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Fuels; Yttrium; Accidents; Nuclear reactors; Behavior; High temperature; Nuclear fuels; Oxidation; Radioactive materials; Alloys; Welding; Lasers; Deformation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.08.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal Variation in the Importance of a Dominant Consumer to Stream Nutrient Cycling AN - 1618159796; 20850806 AB - Animal excretion can be a significant nutrient flux within ecosystems, where it supports primary production and facilitates microbial decomposition of organic matter. The effects of excretory products on nutrient cycling have been documented for various species and ecosystems, but temporal variation in these processes is poorly understood. We examined variation in excretion rates of a dominant grazing snail, Elimia clavaeformis, and its contribution to nutrient cycling, over the course of 14 months in a well-studied, low-nutrient stream (Walker Branch, east Tennessee, USA). Biomass-specific excretion rates of ammonium varied over twofold during the study, coinciding with seasonal changes in food availability (measured as gross primary production) and water temperature (multiple linear regression, R super(2) = 0.57, P = 0.053). The contribution of ammonium excretion to nutrient cycling varied with seasonal changes in both biological (that is, nutrient uptake rate) and physical (that is, stream flow) variables. On average, ammonium excretion accounted for 58% of stream water ammonium concentrations, 26% of whole-stream nitrogen demand, and 66% of autotrophic nitrogen uptake. Phosphorus excretion by Elimia was contrastingly low throughout the year, supplying only 1% of total dissolved phosphorus concentrations. The high average N:P ratio (89:1) of snail excretion likely exacerbated phosphorus limitation in Walker Branch. To fully characterize animal excretion rates and effects on ecosystem processes, multiple measurements through time are necessary, especially in ecosystems that experience strong seasonality. JF - Ecosystems AU - Griffiths, Natalie A AU - Hill, Walter R AD - Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6301, USA, griffithsna@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 1169 EP - 1185 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 17 IS - 7 SN - 1432-9840, 1432-9840 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Phosphorus KW - Food availability KW - Nutrients KW - Ecological Effects KW - Decomposition KW - Primary production KW - Stream Pollution KW - Consumers KW - Nutrient uptake KW - Seasonal variations KW - Ammonium compounds KW - Ammonium KW - Elimia clavaeformis KW - Grazing KW - Primary Productivity KW - Water temperature KW - USA, Tennessee, Walker Branch KW - Stream KW - Uptake KW - Excretion KW - Nitrogen KW - Streams KW - Temporal variations KW - Organic matter KW - Decomposing Organic Matter KW - Excretory products KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Elimia KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618159796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecosystems&rft.atitle=Temporal+Variation+in+the+Importance+of+a+Dominant+Consumer+to+Stream+Nutrient+Cycling&rft.au=Griffiths%2C+Natalie+A%3BHill%2C+Walter+R&rft.aulast=Griffiths&rft.aufirst=Natalie&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecosystems&rft.issn=14329840&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10021-014-9785-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 64 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Grazing; Temporal variations; Organic matter; Stream; Uptake; Excretion; Primary production; Seasonal variations; Ammonium compounds; Ammonium; Phosphorus; Nutrients; Food availability; Excretory products; Water temperature; Decomposition; Streams; Consumers; Nutrient uptake; Nitrogen; Decomposing Organic Matter; Primary Productivity; Stream Pollution; Ecological Effects; Elimia clavaeformis; Elimia; USA, Tennessee; USA, Tennessee, Walker Branch DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-014-9785-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Failure analysis of pinch-torsion tests as a thermal runaway risk evaluation method of Li-ion cells AN - 1562668487; 20589597 AB - Recently a pinch-torsion test is developed for safety testing of Li-ion batteries. It has been demonstrated that this test can generate small internal short-circuit spots in the separator in a controllable and repeatable manner. In the current research, the failure mechanism is examined by numerical simulations and comparisons to experimental observations. Finite element models are developed to evaluate the deformation of the separators under both pure pinch and pinch-torsion loading conditions. It is discovered that the addition of the torsion component significantly increased the maximum first principal strain, which is believed to induce the internal short circuit. In addition, the applied load in the pinch-torsion test is significantly less than in the pure pinch test, thus dramatically improving the applicability of this method to ultra-thick batteries which otherwise require heavy load in excess of machine capability. It is further found that the separator failure is achieved in the early stage of torsion (within a few degree of rotation). Effect of coefficient of friction on the maximum first principal strain is also examined. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Xia, Yuzhi AU - Li, Tianlei AU - Ren, Fei AU - Gao, Yanfei AU - Wang, Hsin AD - Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA, wangh2@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/11/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 01 SP - 356 EP - 362 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 265 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Li-ion battery KW - Finite element analysis KW - Pinch-torsion test KW - Fracture KW - Internal short circuit KW - Finite element method KW - Batteries KW - Safety KW - Simulation KW - Deformation KW - R2 23010:General: Models, forecasting KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562668487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Failure+analysis+of+pinch-torsion+tests+as+a+thermal+runaway+risk+evaluation+method+of+Li-ion+cells&rft.au=Xia%2C+Yuzhi%3BLi%2C+Tianlei%3BRen%2C+Fei%3BGao%2C+Yanfei%3BWang%2C+Hsin&rft.aulast=Xia&rft.aufirst=Yuzhi&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=&rft.spage=356&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2014.04.040 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Finite element method; Batteries; Safety; Simulation; Deformation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.04.040 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatially-resolved mapping of history-dependent coupled electrochemical and electronical behaviors of electroresistive NiO. AN - 1615746110; 25335689 AB - Bias-induced oxygen ion dynamics underpins a broad spectrum of electroresistive and memristive phenomena in oxide materials. Although widely studied by device-level and local voltage-current spectroscopies, the relationship between electroresistive phenomena, local electrochemical behaviors, and microstructures remains elusive. Here, the interplay between history-dependent electronic transport and electrochemical phenomena in a NiO single crystalline thin film with a number of well-defined defect types is explored on the nanometer scale using an atomic force microscopy-based technique. A variety of electrochemically-active regions were observed and spatially resolved relationship between the electronic and electrochemical phenomena was revealed. The regions with pronounced electroresistive activity were further correlated with defects identified by scanning transmission electron microscopy. Using fully coupled mechanical-electrochemical modeling, we illustrate that the spatial distribution of strain plays an important role in electrochemical and electroresistive phenomena. These studies illustrate an approach for simultaneous mapping of the electronic and ionic transport on a single defective structure level such as dislocations or interfaces, and pave the way for creating libraries of defect-specific electrochemical responses. JF - Scientific reports AU - Sugiyama, Issei AU - Kim, Yunseok AU - Jesse, Stephen AU - Strelcov, Evgheni AU - Kumar, Amit AU - Tselev, Alexander AU - Rahani, Ehasan Kabiri AU - Shenoy, Vivek B AU - Yamamoto, Takahisa AU - Shibata, Naoya AU - Ikuhara, Yuichi AU - Kalinin, Sergei V AD - Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 2-11-16, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 113-8656. ; School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Cheoncheon-dong 300, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea. ; The Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6496, United States. ; School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom. ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, 19104-6272. ; 1] Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 2-11-16, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 113-8656 [2] Department of Quantum Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chiho-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi, Japan, 464-8603 [3] Nanostructures Research Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Rokuno 2-4-1, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi, Japan, 456-8587. ; 1] Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 2-11-16, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 113-8656 [2] PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan. ; 1] Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 2-11-16, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 113-8656 [2] Nanostructures Research Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Rokuno 2-4-1, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi, Japan, 456-8587 [3] WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi, Japan, 980-8577. ; 1] The Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6496, United States [2] Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6496, United States. Y1 - 2014/10/22/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 22 SP - 6725 VL - 4 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1615746110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Spatially-resolved+mapping+of+history-dependent+coupled+electrochemical+and+electronical+behaviors+of+electroresistive+NiO.&rft.au=Sugiyama%2C+Issei%3BKim%2C+Yunseok%3BJesse%2C+Stephen%3BStrelcov%2C+Evgheni%3BKumar%2C+Amit%3BTselev%2C+Alexander%3BRahani%2C+Ehasan+Kabiri%3BShenoy%2C+Vivek+B%3BYamamoto%2C+Takahisa%3BShibata%2C+Naoya%3BIkuhara%2C+Yuichi%3BKalinin%2C+Sergei+V&rft.aulast=Sugiyama&rft.aufirst=Issei&rft.date=2014-10-22&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=6725&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep06725 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-05-12 N1 - Date created - 2014-10-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Annu Rev Neurosci. 2001;24:139-66 [11283308] Nat Mater. 2006 Apr;5(4):312-20 [16565712] Nat Nanotechnol. 2010 Feb;5(2):148-53 [20081847] Adv Mater. 2012 Jan 10;24(2):252-67 [21989741] Adv Mater. 2010 Jun 11;22(22):2430-4 [20432474] Nano Lett. 2010 Nov 10;10(11):4668-72 [20977250] Nanotechnology. 2011 Jun 24;22(25):254023 [21572200] Nano Lett. 2010 Apr 14;10(4):1297-301 [20192230] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep06725 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled mercury-cell sorption, reduction, and oxidation on methylmercury production by Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA. AN - 1615261717; 25268220 AB - G. sulfurreducens PCA cells have been shown to reduce, sorb, and methylate Hg(II) species, but it is unclear whether this organism can oxidize and methylate dissolved elemental Hg(0) as shown for Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ND132. Using Hg(II) and Hg(0) separately as Hg sources in washed cell assays in phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.4), we report how cell-mediated Hg reduction and oxidation compete or synergize with sorption, thus affecting the production of toxic methylmercury by PCA cells. Methylation is found to be positively correlated to Hg sorption (r = 0.73) but negatively correlated to Hg reduction (r = -0.62). These reactions depend on the Hg and cell concentrations or the ratio of Hg to cellular thiols (-SH). Oxidation and methylation of Hg(0) are favored at relatively low Hg to cell-SH molar ratios (e.g., <1). Increasing Hg to cell ratios from 0.25 × 10(-19) to 25 × 10(-19) moles-Hg/cell (equivalent to Hg/cell-SH of 0.71 to 71) shifts the major reaction from oxidation to reduction. In the absence of five outer membrane c-type cytochromes, mutant ΔomcBESTZ also shows decreases in Hg reduction and increases in methylation. However, the presence of competing thiol-binding ions such as Zn(2+) leads to increased Hg reduction and decreased methylation. These results suggest that the coupled cell-Hg sorption and redox transformations are important in controlling the rates of Hg uptake and methylation by G. sulfurreducens PCA in anoxic environments. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Lin, Hui AU - Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer L AU - Rao, Balaji AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Gu, Baohua AD - Environmental Sciences Division and ‡Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. Y1 - 2014/10/21/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 21 SP - 11969 EP - 11976 VL - 48 IS - 20 KW - Cytochrome c Group KW - 0 KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Cytochrome c Group -- genetics KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds -- metabolism KW - Zinc -- metabolism KW - Adsorption KW - Cytochrome c Group -- metabolism KW - Methylation KW - Anaerobiosis KW - Geobacter -- drug effects KW - Mercury -- metabolism KW - Geobacter -- metabolism KW - Mercury -- chemistry KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- metabolism KW - Geobacter -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1615261717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Coupled+mercury-cell+sorption%2C+reduction%2C+and+oxidation+on+methylmercury+production+by+Geobacter+sulfurreducens+PCA.&rft.au=Lin%2C+Hui%3BMorrell-Falvey%2C+Jennifer+L%3BRao%2C+Balaji%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BGu%2C+Baohua&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Hui&rft.date=2014-10-21&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=11969&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes502537a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-12-07 N1 - Date created - 2014-10-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es502537a ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Diel Mercury-Concentration Variations in a Mercury Impacted Stream T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America (GSA 2014) AN - 1645182390; 6317394 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America (GSA 2014) AU - Brooks, Scott AU - Riscassi, Ami AU - Miller, Carrie Y1 - 2014/10/19/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 19 KW - Stream KW - Mercury KW - Streams UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645182390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America+%28GSA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Diel+Mercury-Concentration+Variations+in+a+Mercury+Impacted+Stream&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Scott%3BRiscassi%2C+Ami%3BMiller%2C+Carrie&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2014-10-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America+%28GSA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2014AM/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Using the next generation solvent (NGS) for treatment of hanford tank waste T2 - 66th Southeastern Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (SERMACS 2014) AN - 1645190941; 6325115 JF - 66th Southeastern Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (SERMACS 2014) AU - Williams, Neil AU - Dai, Sheng AU - Roach, Benjamin AU - Moyer, Bruce Y1 - 2014/10/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 16 KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Wastes KW - Solvents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645190941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=66th+Southeastern+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28SERMACS+2014%29&rft.atitle=Using+the+next+generation+solvent+%28NGS%29+for+treatment+of+hanford+tank+waste&rft.au=Williams%2C+Neil%3BDai%2C+Sheng%3BRoach%2C+Benjamin%3BMoyer%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft.date=2014-10-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=66th+Southeastern+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28SERMACS+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstracts.acs.org/chem/sermacs2014/program/divisionindex.php?act=session&val=289700&prog=289700 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Interpreting INS spectra using computer simulation: The integrated approach at VISION T2 - 66th Southeastern Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (SERMACS 2014) AN - 1645171125; 6324947 JF - 66th Southeastern Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (SERMACS 2014) AU - Cheng, Yongqiang AU - Ramirez-Cuesta, Anibal AU - Wildgruber, Christoph Y1 - 2014/10/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 16 KW - Mathematical models KW - Vision KW - Simulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645171125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=66th+Southeastern+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28SERMACS+2014%29&rft.atitle=Interpreting+INS+spectra+using+computer+simulation%3A+The+integrated+approach+at+VISION&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Yongqiang%3BRamirez-Cuesta%2C+Anibal%3BWildgruber%2C+Christoph&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Yongqiang&rft.date=2014-10-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=66th+Southeastern+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28SERMACS+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstracts.acs.org/chem/sermacs2014/program/divisionindex.php?act=session&val=289700&prog=289700 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A simple and versatile open port sampling interface for liquid introduction atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry T2 - 66th Southeastern Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (SERMACS 2014) AN - 1645169146; 6324956 JF - 66th Southeastern Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (SERMACS 2014) AU - Van Berkel, Gary Y1 - 2014/10/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 16 KW - Atmospheric pressure KW - Sampling KW - Mass spectroscopy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645169146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=66th+Southeastern+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28SERMACS+2014%29&rft.atitle=A+simple+and+versatile+open+port+sampling+interface+for+liquid+introduction+atmospheric+pressure+ionization+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Van+Berkel%2C+Gary&rft.aulast=Van+Berkel&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2014-10-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=66th+Southeastern+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28SERMACS+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstracts.acs.org/chem/sermacs2014/program/divisionindex.php?act=session&val=289700&prog=289700 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - VISION: An inverse geometry spectrometer at the SNS T2 - 66th Southeastern Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (SERMACS 2014) AN - 1645169127; 6324946 JF - 66th Southeastern Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (SERMACS 2014) AU - Wildgruber, Christoph Y1 - 2014/10/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 16 KW - Vision UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645169127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=66th+Southeastern+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28SERMACS+2014%29&rft.atitle=VISION%3A+An+inverse+geometry+spectrometer+at+the+SNS&rft.au=Wildgruber%2C+Christoph&rft.aulast=Wildgruber&rft.aufirst=Christoph&rft.date=2014-10-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=66th+Southeastern+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28SERMACS+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstracts.acs.org/chem/sermacs2014/program/divisionindex.php?act=session&val=289700&prog=289700 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The roles of the RIIβ linker and N-terminal cyclic nucleotide-binding domain in determining the unique structures of the type IIβ protein kinase A: a small angle x-ray and neutron scattering study. AN - 1610759762; 25112875 AB - Protein kinase A (PKA) is ubiquitously expressed and is responsible for regulating many important cellular functions in response to changes in intracellular cAMP concentrations. The PKA holoenzyme is a tetramer (R2:C2), with a regulatory subunit homodimer (R2) that binds and inhibits two catalytic (C) subunits; binding of cAMP to the regulatory subunit homodimer causes activation of the catalytic subunits. Four different R subunit isoforms exist in mammalian cells, and these confer different structural features, subcellular localization, and biochemical properties upon the PKA holoenzymes they form. The holoenzyme containing RIIβ is structurally unique in that the type IIβ holoenzyme is much more compact than the free RIIβ homodimer. We have used small angle x-ray scattering and small angle neutron scattering to study the solution structure and subunit organization of a holoenzyme containing an RIIβ C-terminal deletion mutant (RIIβ(1-280)), which is missing the C-terminal cAMP-binding domain to better understand the structural organization of the type IIβ holoenzyme and the RIIβ domains that contribute to stabilizing the holoenzyme conformation. Our results demonstrate that compaction of the type IIβ holoenzyme does not require the C-terminal cAMP-binding domain but rather involves large structural rearrangements within the linker and N-terminal cyclic nucleotide-binding domain of the RIIβ homodimer. The structural rearrangements are significantly greater than seen previously with RIIα and are likely to be important in mediating short range and long range interdomain and intersubunit interactions that uniquely regulate the activity of the type IIβ isoform of PKA. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Blumenthal, Donald K AU - Copps, Jeffrey AU - Smith-Nguyen, Eric V AU - Zhang, Ping AU - Heller, William T AU - Taylor, Susan S AD - From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, don.blumenthal@pharm.utah.edu. ; the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0654. ; the Biology and Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, and. ; the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0654, the Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0654. Y1 - 2014/10/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 10 SP - 28505 EP - 28512 VL - 289 IS - 41 KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIIbeta Subunit KW - 0 KW - Holoenzymes KW - Isoenzymes KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunits KW - EC 2.7.11.11 KW - Index Medicus KW - Intrinsically Disordered Protein KW - Protein Domain KW - Protein Structure KW - Protein Kinase A (PKA) KW - Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) KW - Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) KW - Protein Dynamic KW - Cyclic AMP (cAMP) KW - Isoenzymes -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Protein Structure, Secondary KW - Escherichia coli -- metabolism KW - X-Ray Diffraction KW - Models, Molecular KW - Scattering, Small Angle KW - Catalytic Domain KW - Gene Expression KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Neutron Diffraction KW - Mice KW - Recombinant Proteins -- genetics KW - Protein Binding KW - Isoenzymes -- genetics KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Recombinant Proteins -- chemistry KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Mutation KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunits -- chemistry KW - Holoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIIbeta Subunit -- chemistry KW - Cyclic AMP -- metabolism KW - Cyclic AMP -- chemistry KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIIbeta Subunit -- metabolism KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIIbeta Subunit -- genetics KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunits -- metabolism KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunits -- genetics KW - Holoenzymes -- genetics KW - Holoenzymes -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1610759762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=The+roles+of+the+RII%CE%B2+linker+and+N-terminal+cyclic+nucleotide-binding+domain+in+determining+the+unique+structures+of+the+type+II%CE%B2+protein+kinase+A%3A+a+small+angle+x-ray+and+neutron+scattering+study.&rft.au=Blumenthal%2C+Donald+K%3BCopps%2C+Jeffrey%3BSmith-Nguyen%2C+Eric+V%3BZhang%2C+Ping%3BHeller%2C+William+T%3BTaylor%2C+Susan+S&rft.aulast=Blumenthal&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2014-10-10&rft.volume=289&rft.issue=41&rft.spage=28505&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=1083-351X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fjbc.M114.584177 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-02-06 N1 - Date created - 2014-10-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Annu Rev Phys Chem. 2000;51:355-80 [11031286] Nat Genet. 2000 Sep;26(1):89-92 [10973256] J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Sep;87(9):4324-9 [12213893] J Biol Chem. 2004 Feb 20;279(8):7029-36 [14625280] J Mol Biol. 2004 Apr 9;337(5):1183-94 [15046986] J Biol Chem. 2004 Apr 30;279(18):19084-90 [14985329] Biochemistry. 2004 May 18;43(19):5629-36 [15134437] J Comput Chem. 2004 Oct;25(13):1605-12 [15264254] J Biol Chem. 1970 Dec 10;245(23):6317-28 [4320836] J Mol Biol. 1975 Apr 5;93(2):255-65 [1171250] Protein Eng. 1993 Sep;6(7):771-7 [8248101] Physiol Rev. 1994 Apr;74(2):365-507 [8171118] Eur J Cancer. 1996 Nov;32A(12):2120-6 [9014755] J Biol Chem. 1998 Nov 13;273(46):30448-59 [9804812] Mol Med. 1998 Nov;4(11):715-23 [9932109] J Neurosci. 1999 Sep 1;19(17):7486-94 [10460255] Circulation. 2005 Apr 26;111(16):2025-32 [15851612] J Mol Biol. 2006 Mar 31;357(3):880-9 [16460759] J Neurosci Res. 2006 Dec;84(8):1621-9 [16983660] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Dec 26;104(52):20990-5 [18093912] J Cell Physiol. 2010 Nov;225(3):801-9 [20589829] Science. 2012 Feb 10;335(6069):712-6 [22323819] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jul 31;109(31):12443-8 [22797896] Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2012 Oct;13(10):646-58 [22992589] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2013;53:187-210 [23043438] Mol Cell Biol. 2013 Mar;33(5):1073-84 [23275441] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Aug 27;110(35):14231-6 [23946424] N Engl J Med. 2014 Mar 13;370(11):1019-28 [24571724] Science. 2014 May 23;344(6186):913-7 [24700472] Science. 2014 May 23;344(6186):917-20 [24855271] Nat Genet. 2014 Jun;46(6):613-7 [24747643] Oncogene. 2015 Feb 26;34(9):1160-73 [24662820] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Jan 18;97(2):835-40 [10639166] Annu Rev Biochem. 1999;68:821-61 [10872467] Annu Rev Physiol. 2001;63:391-426 [11181961] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M114.584177 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of fusion facility dose rate map using mesh adaptivity enhancements of hybrid Monte Carlo/deterministic techniques AN - 1786219735; PQ0002461494 AB - Three mesh adaptivity algorithms were developed to facilitate and expedite the use of the CADIS and FW-CADIS hybrid Monte Carlo/deterministic techniques in accurate full-scale neutronics simulations of fusion energy systems with immense sizes and complicated geometries. First, a macromaterial approach enhances the fidelity of the deterministic models without changing the mesh. Second, a deterministic mesh refinement algorithm generates meshes that capture as much geometric detail as possible without exceeding a specified maximum number of mesh elements. Finally, a weight window coarsening algorithm decouples the weight window mesh and energy bins from the mesh and energy group structure of the deterministic calculations in order to remove the memory constraint of the weight window map from the deterministic mesh resolution. The three algorithms were used to enhance an FW-CADIS calculation of the prompt dose rate throughout the ITER experimental facility and resulted in a 23.3% increase in the number of mesh tally elements in which the dose rates were calculated in a 10-day Monte Carlo calculation. Additionally, because of the significant increase in the efficiency of FW-CADIS simulations, the three algorithms enabled this difficult calculation to be accurately solved on a regular computer cluster, eliminating the need for a world-class super computer. JF - Fusion Engineering and Design AU - Ibrahim, Ahmad M AU - Wilson, Paul P AU - Sawan, Mohamed E AU - Mosher, Scott W AU - Peplow, Douglas E AU - Grove, Robert E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 1875 EP - 1879 PB - North-Holland, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 89 IS - 9-10 SN - 0920-3796, 0920-3796 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Hybrid Monte Carlo/deterministic |a MeSH KW - Neutronics shielding |a MeSH KW - ITER prompt dose |a MeSH KW - Finite element method KW - Mathematical models KW - Computer simulation KW - Monte Carlo methods KW - Mesh generation KW - Dosage KW - Algorithms KW - Computational efficiency UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1786219735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fusion+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+fusion+facility+dose+rate+map+using+mesh+adaptivity+enhancements+of+hybrid+Monte+Carlo%2Fdeterministic+techniques&rft.au=Ibrahim%2C+Ahmad+M%3BWilson%2C+Paul+P%3BSawan%2C+Mohamed+E%3BMosher%2C+Scott+W%3BPeplow%2C+Douglas+E%3BGrove%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Ibrahim&rft.aufirst=Ahmad&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=9-10&rft.spage=1875&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fusion+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=09203796&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fusengdes.2014.02.046 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-03 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.02.046 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel hybrid Monte Carlo/deterministic technique for shutdown dose rate analyses of fusion energy systems AN - 1786198605; PQ0002461505 AB - The rigorous 2-step (R2S) computational system uses three-dimensional Monte Carlo transport simulations to calculate the shutdown dose rate (SDDR) in fusion reactors. Accurate full-scale R2S calculations are impractical in fusion reactors because they require calculating space- and energy-dependent neutron fluxes everywhere inside the reactor. The use of global Monte Carlo variance reduction techniques was suggested for accelerating the R2S neutron transport calculation. However, the prohibitive computational costs of these approaches, which increase with the problem size and amount of shielding materials, inhibit their ability to accurately predict the SDDR in fusion energy systems using full-scale modeling of an entire fusion plant. This paper describes a novel hybrid Monte Carlo/deterministic methodology that uses the Consistent Adjoint Driven Importance Sampling (CADIS) method but focuses on multi-step shielding calculations. The Multi-Step CADIS (MS-CADIS) methodology speeds up the R2S neutron Monte Carlo calculation using an importance function that represents the neutron importance to the final SDDR. Using a simplified example, preliminary results showed that the use of MS-CADIS enhanced the efficiency of the neutron Monte Carlo simulation of an SDDR calculation by a factor of 550 compared to standard global variance reduction techniques, and that the efficiency enhancement compared to analog Monte Carlo is higher than a factor of 10,000. JF - Fusion Engineering and Design AU - Ibrahim, Ahmad M AU - Peplow, Douglas E AU - Peterson, Joshua L AU - Grove, Robert E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 1933 EP - 1938 PB - North-Holland, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 89 IS - 9-10 SN - 0920-3796, 0920-3796 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Shutdown dose rate |a MeSH KW - Hybrid Monte Carlo/deterministic |a MeSH KW - Multi-step shielding analysis |a MeSH KW - Reduction KW - Mathematical models KW - Computer simulation KW - Variance KW - Monte Carlo methods KW - Computing time KW - Fusion reactors KW - Computational efficiency UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1786198605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fusion+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Novel+hybrid+Monte+Carlo%2Fdeterministic+technique+for+shutdown+dose+rate+analyses+of+fusion+energy+systems&rft.au=Ibrahim%2C+Ahmad+M%3BPeplow%2C+Douglas+E%3BPeterson%2C+Joshua+L%3BGrove%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Ibrahim&rft.aufirst=Ahmad&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=9-10&rft.spage=1933&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fusion+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=09203796&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fusengdes.2014.03.014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-03 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.03.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct Imaging of Cl- and Cu-Induced Short-Circuit Efficiency Changes in CdTe Solar Cells AN - 1770378791; 20895001 AB - To achieve high-efficiency polycrystalline CdTe-based thin-film solar cells, the CdTe absorbers must go through a post-deposition CdCl sub(2) heat treatment followed by a Cu diffusion step. To better understand the roles of each treatment with regard to improving grains, grain boundaries, and interfaces, CdTe solar cells with and without Cu diffusion and CdCl sub(2) heat treatments are investigated using cross-sectional electron beam induced current, electron backscatter diffraction, and scanning transmission electron microscope techniques. The evolution of the cross-sectional carrier collection profile due to these treatments that cause an increase in short-circuit current and higher open-circuit voltage are identified. Additionally, an increased carrier collection in grain boundaries after either/both of these treatments is revealed. The increased current at the grain boundaries is shown to be due to the presence of a space charge region with an intrinsic carrier collection profile width of approximately 350 nm. Scanning transmission electron microscope electron-energy loss spectroscopy shows a decreased Te and increased Cl concentration in grain boundaries after treatment, which causes the inversion. Each treatment improves the overall carrier collection efficiency of the cell separately, and, therefore, the benefits realized by each treatment are shown to be independent of each other. The microscopic short-circuit efficiencies of CdTe solar cells with and without CdCl sub(2) and Cu diffusion treatments are imaged using electron-beam-induced current techniques. The changes in the electronic properties of the device layers, interfaces, and grain boundaries are identified. The results indicate that the two treatments improve the current collection properties of the device independently; both are very important for a high efficiency device. JF - Advanced Energy Materials AU - Poplawsky, Jonathan D AU - Paudel, Naba R AU - Li, Chen AU - Parish, Chad M AU - Leonard, Donovan AU - Yan, Yanfa AU - Pennycook, Stephen J AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - [np] PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 4 IS - 15 SN - 1614-6832, 1614-6832 KW - Ceramic Abstracts/World Ceramics Abstracts (WC); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); Copper Technical Reference Library (CD); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - Collection KW - Grain boundaries KW - CU KW - Devices KW - GRAIN BOUNDARIES KW - Copper KW - THIN FILMS KW - Cadmium tellurides KW - AGING MECHANISMS KW - Solar cells KW - ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS KW - SOLAR CELLS KW - BOUNDARIES KW - Photovoltaic cells KW - TELLURIDES KW - SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770378791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.atitle=Direct+Imaging+of+Cl-+and+Cu-Induced+Short-Circuit+Efficiency+Changes+in+CdTe+Solar+Cells&rft.au=Poplawsky%2C+Jonathan+D%3BPaudel%2C+Naba+R%3BLi%2C+Chen%3BParish%2C+Chad+M%3BLeonard%2C+Donovan%3BYan%2C+Yanfa%3BPennycook%2C+Stephen+J&rft.aulast=Poplawsky&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=%5Bnp%5D&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.issn=16146832&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Faenm.201400454 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201400454 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Well-to-wheel analysis of direct and indirect use of natural gas in passenger vehicles AN - 1651397308; 21148157 AB - The abundance of natural gas in the United States because of the number of existing natural gas reserves and the recent advances in extracting unconventional reserves has been one of the main drivers for low natural gas prices. A question arises of what is the optimal use of natural gas as a transportation fuel. Is it more efficient to use natural gas in a stationary power application to generate electricity to charge electric vehicles, compress natural gas for onboard combustion in vehicles, or re-form natural gas into a denser transportation fuel? This study investigates the well-to-wheels energy use and greenhouse gas emissions from various natural gas to transportation fuel pathways and compares the results to conventional gasoline vehicles and electric vehicles using the US electrical generation mix. Specifically, natural gas vehicles running on compressed natural gas are compared against electric vehicles charged with electricity produced solely from natural gas combustion in stationary power plants. The results of the study show that the dependency on the combustion efficiency of natural gas in stationary power can outweigh the inherent efficiency of electric vehicles, thus highlighting the importance of examining energy use on a well-to-wheels basis. JF - Energy AU - Curran, Scott J AU - Wagner, Robert M AU - Graves, Ronald L AU - Keller, Martin AU - Green, Johney B, Jr AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA curransj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/10/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 01 SP - 194 EP - 203 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 75 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - WTW (well-to-wheels) KW - Compressed natural gas KW - Natural gas KW - Natural gas vehicles KW - Electric vehicles KW - Transportation KW - Fuels KW - Electric power generation KW - Reserves KW - Vehicles KW - Combustion KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651397308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy&rft.atitle=Well-to-wheel+analysis+of+direct+and+indirect+use+of+natural+gas+in+passenger+vehicles&rft.au=Curran%2C+Scott+J%3BWagner%2C+Robert+M%3BGraves%2C+Ronald+L%3BKeller%2C+Martin%3BGreen%2C+Johney+B%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Curran&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=&rft.spage=194&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.energy.2014.07.035 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-02 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.07.035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidation of PCEA nuclear graphite by low water concentrations in helium AN - 1642618735; 21055942 AB - Accelerated oxidation tests were performed to determine kinetic parameters of the chronic oxidation reaction (i.e. slow, continuous, and persistent) of PCEA graphite in contact with helium coolant containing low moisture concentrations in high temperature gas-cooled reactors. To the authors' knowledge such a study has not been done since the detailed analysis of reaction of H-451 graphite with steam (Velasquez, Hightower, Burnette, 1978). Since that H-451 graphite is now unavailable, it is urgently needed to characterize chronic oxidation behavior of new graphite grades that are being considered for use in gas-cooled reactors. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism of carbon oxidation by water results in a non-linear reaction rate expression, with at least six different parameters. They were determined in accelerated oxidation experiments that covered a large range of temperatures (800-1100 [degrees]C), and partial pressures of water (15-850 Pa) and hydrogen (30-150 Pa) and used graphite specimens thin enough (4 mm) in order to avoid diffusion effects. Data analysis employed a statistical method based on multiple likelihood estimation of parameters and simultaneous fitting of non-linear equations. The results show significant material-specific differences between graphite grades PCEA and H-451 which were attributed to microstructural dissimilarity between the two materials. It is concluded that kinetic data cannot be transferred from one graphite grade to another. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Contescu, Cristian I AU - Mee, Robert W AU - Wang, Peng AU - Romanova, Anna V AU - Burchell, Timothy D AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6087, USA, ContescuCI@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - Oct 2014 SP - 225 EP - 232 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 453 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Kinetics KW - High temperature KW - Oxidation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Helium KW - Diffusion KW - Hydrogen KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642618735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Oxidation+of+PCEA+nuclear+graphite+by+low+water+concentrations+in+helium&rft.au=Contescu%2C+Cristian+I%3BMee%2C+Robert+W%3BWang%2C+Peng%3BRomanova%2C+Anna+V%3BBurchell%2C+Timothy+D&rft.aulast=Contescu&rft.aufirst=Cristian&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=453&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.07.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear reactors; High temperature; Kinetics; Radioactive materials; Oxidation; Temperature; Helium; Diffusion; Hydrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.07.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A computer program for uncertainty analysis integrating regression and Bayesian methods AN - 1642302511; 20958204 AB - This work develops a new functionality in UCODE_2014 to evaluate Bayesian credible intervals using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. The MCMC capability in UCODE_2014 is based on the FORTRAN version of the differential evolution adaptive Metropolis (DREAM) algorithm of Vrugt et al. (2009), which estimates the posterior probability density function of model parameters in high-dimensional and multimodal sampling problems. The UCODE MCMC capability provides eleven prior probability distributions and three ways to initialize the sampling process. It evaluates parametric and predictive uncertainties and it has parallel computing capability based on multiple chains to accelerate the sampling process. This paper tests and demonstrates the MCMC capability using a 10-dimensional multimodal mathematical function, a 100-dimensional Gaussian function, and a groundwater reactive transport model. The use of the MCMC capability is made straightforward and flexible by adopting the JUPITER API protocol. With the new MCMC capability, UCODE_2014 can be used to calculate three types of uncertainty intervals, which all can account for prior information: (1) linear confidence intervals which require linearity and Gaussian error assumptions and typically 10s-100s of highly parallelizable model runs after optimization, (2) nonlinear confidence intervals which require a smooth objective function surface and Gaussian observation error assumptions and typically 100s-1,000s of partially parallelizable model runs after optimization, and (3) MCMC Bayesian credible intervals which require few assumptions and commonly 10,000s-100,000s or more partially parallelizable model runs. Ready access allows users to select methods best suited to their work, and to compare methods in many circumstances. JF - Environmental Modelling & Software AU - Lu, Dan AU - Ye, Ming AU - Hill, Mary C AU - Poeter, Eileen P AU - Curtis, Gary P AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 45 EP - 56 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 60 SN - 1364-8152, 1364-8152 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Computer and Information Systems Abstracts (CI); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Markov Chain Monte Carlo KW - UCODE_2014 KW - Bayesian uncertainty analysis KW - Uncertainty KW - Computation KW - Mathematical models KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Parallel processing KW - Sampling KW - Intervals KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642302511?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.atitle=A+computer+program+for+uncertainty+analysis+integrating+regression+and+Bayesian+methods&rft.au=Lu%2C+Dan%3BYe%2C+Ming%3BHill%2C+Mary+C%3BPoeter%2C+Eileen+P%3BCurtis%2C+Gary+P&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.issn=13648152&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envsoft.2014.06.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.06.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selenium bioaccumulation in fish exposed to coal ash at the Tennessee Valley Authority Kingston spill site. AN - 1563981723; 24943719 AB - In December 2008, 4.1 million cubic meters of coal ash were released into the Emory and Clinch Rivers by the Tennessee Valley Authority Kingston Fossil Plant. Coal ash contains several contaminants, including the bioaccumulative metalloid selenium (Se). Because Se is predominantly accumulated in aquatic organisms through dietary rather than aqueous exposure, tissue-based toxicity thresholds for Se are currently being considered. The proposed threshold concentrations range between 4 μg/g and 9 μg/g Se (dry wt.) in whole body fish, with a proposed fillet threshold of 11.8 μg/g. In the present study, the authors examined the spatial and temporal trends in Se bioaccumulation and examined the relationship between the Se content in fillets and in whole bodies of fish collected around the Kingston spill site to determine whether Se bioaccumulation was a significant concern at the ash spill site. Whereas Se concentrations in fish (whole bodies and fillets) were elevated at sampling locations affected by the Kingston ash spill relative to reference locations, concentrations do not appear to be above risk thresholds and have not been increasing over the 5-yr period since the spill. These findings are not only relevant to guiding the human health and ecological risk assessments at the Kingston ash spill site, but because of current national discussions on appropriate guidelines for Se in fish as well for the disposal of coal combustion wastes, the results are also relevant to the general understanding of Se bioaccumulation in contaminated water bodies. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Mathews, Teresa J AU - Fortner, Allison M AU - Jett, R Trent AU - Morris, Jesse AU - Gable, Jennifer AU - Peterson, Mark J AU - Carriker, Neil AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 2273 EP - 2279 VL - 33 IS - 10 KW - Coal Ash KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Index Medicus KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Fish KW - Coal ash KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Animals KW - Tennessee KW - Rivers -- chemistry KW - Water Pollution -- analysis KW - Coal Ash -- metabolism KW - Selenium -- metabolism KW - Selenium -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Fishes -- metabolism KW - Coal Ash -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1563981723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Selenium+bioaccumulation+in+fish+exposed+to+coal+ash+at+the+Tennessee+Valley+Authority+Kingston+spill+site.&rft.au=Mathews%2C+Teresa+J%3BFortner%2C+Allison+M%3BJett%2C+R+Trent%3BMorris%2C+Jesse%3BGable%2C+Jennifer%3BPeterson%2C+Mark+J%3BCarriker%2C+Neil&rft.aulast=Mathews&rft.aufirst=Teresa&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=1552-8618&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fetc.2673 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-12-10 N1 - Date created - 2014-09-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2673 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular interactions between photosystem I and ferredoxin: an integrated energy frustration and experimental model. AN - 1559618668; 25178855 AB - The stromal domain (PsaC, PsaD, and PsaE) of photosystem I (PSI) reduces transiently bound ferredoxin (Fd) or flavodoxin. Experimental structures exist for all of these protein partners individually, but no experimental structure of the PSI/Fd or PSI/flavodoxin complexes is presently available. Molecular models of Fd docked onto the stromal domain of the cyanobacterial PSI site are constructed here utilizing X-ray and NMR structures of PSI and Fd, respectively. Predictions of potential protein-protein interaction regions are based on experimental site-directed mutagenesis and cross-linking studies to guide rigid body docking calculations of Fd into PSI, complemented by energy landscape theory to bring together regions of high energetic frustration on each of the interacting proteins. The results identify two regions of high localized frustration on the surface of Fd that contain negatively charged Asp and Glu residues. This study predicts that these regions interact predominantly with regions of high localized frustration on the PsaC, PsaD, and PsaE chains of PSI, which include several residues predicted by previous experimental studies. JF - Journal of molecular recognition : JMR AU - Cashman, Derek J AU - Zhu, Tuo AU - Simmerman, Richard F AU - Scott, Cathy AU - Bruce, Barry D AU - Baudry, Jerome AD - Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA; UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 597 EP - 608 VL - 27 IS - 10 KW - Ferredoxins KW - 0 KW - Photosystem I Protein Complex KW - Index Medicus KW - cross-linking KW - energy landscape theory KW - electron transfer KW - protein-protein docking KW - frustration KW - Conserved Sequence KW - Cyanobacteria -- metabolism KW - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular KW - Kinetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Crystallography, X-Ray KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Cyanobacteria -- genetics KW - Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs KW - Binding Sites KW - Photosystem I Protein Complex -- chemistry KW - Models, Molecular KW - Ferredoxins -- chemistry KW - Ferredoxins -- metabolism KW - Photosystem I Protein Complex -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1559618668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+molecular+recognition+%3A+JMR&rft.atitle=Molecular+interactions+between+photosystem+I+and+ferredoxin%3A+an+integrated+energy+frustration+and+experimental+model.&rft.au=Cashman%2C+Derek+J%3BZhu%2C+Tuo%3BSimmerman%2C+Richard+F%3BScott%2C+Cathy%3BBruce%2C+Barry+D%3BBaudry%2C+Jerome&rft.aulast=Cashman&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+molecular+recognition+%3A+JMR&rft.issn=1099-1352&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjmr.2384 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-05-22 N1 - Date created - 2014-09-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmr.2384 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gold nanorods for surface Plasmon resonance detection of mercury (II) in flow injection analysis. AN - 1548632441; 25059148 AB - This article investigates the flow injection analysis of mercury (II) ions in tap water samples via surface Plasmon resonance detection. Quantitative analysis of mercury (II) is based on the chemical interaction of metallic mercury with gold nanorods immobilized on a glass substrate. A new flow cell design is presented with the ability to accommodate the detecting substrate in the sample compartment of commercial spectrometers. Two alternatives are here considered for mercury (II) detection, namely stop-flow and continuous flow injection analysis modes. The best limit of detection (2.4 ng mL(-1)) was obtained with the continuous flow injection analysis approach. The accurate determination of mercury (II) ions in samples of unknown composition is demonstrated with a fortified tap water sample. JF - Talanta AU - Trieu, Khang AU - Heider, Emily C AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Barbosa, Fernando AU - Campiglia, Andres D AD - Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, P.O. Box 25000, Orlando, FL 32816-2366, USA. Electronic address: khangtrieu818@knights.ucf.edu. ; Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, P.O. Box 25000, Orlando, FL 32816-2366, USA. Electronic address: Emily.Heider@ucf.edu. ; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA. Electronic address: brookssc@ornl.gov. ; Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, 1404903 Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil. Electronic address: fbarbosa@fcfrp.usp.br. ; Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, P.O. Box 25000, Orlando, FL 32816-2366, USA. Electronic address: andres.campiglia@ucf.edu. Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 196 EP - 202 VL - 128 KW - Drinking Water KW - 0 KW - Gold KW - 7440-57-5 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Localized surface Plasmon resonance KW - Gold nanorods KW - Sensors KW - Flow injection analysis KW - Water Supply -- analysis KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Metal Nanoparticles -- chemistry KW - Drinking Water -- analysis KW - Drinking Water -- chemistry KW - Calibration KW - Spectrophotometry -- methods KW - Surface Plasmon Resonance -- methods KW - Nanotubes -- chemistry KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Mercury -- chemistry KW - Gold -- chemistry KW - Flow Injection Analysis -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1548632441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Talanta&rft.atitle=Gold+nanorods+for+surface+Plasmon+resonance+detection+of+mercury+%28II%29+in+flow+injection+analysis.&rft.au=Trieu%2C+Khang%3BHeider%2C+Emily+C%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BBarbosa%2C+Fernando%3BCampiglia%2C+Andres+D&rft.aulast=Trieu&rft.aufirst=Khang&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=&rft.spage=196&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Talanta&rft.issn=1873-3573&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.talanta.2014.04.028 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-05-26 N1 - Date created - 2014-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2014.04.028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - X-ray fluorescence mapping of mercury on suspended mineral particles and diatoms in a contaminated freshwater system AN - 1618152866; 20846490 AB - Mercury (Hg) bioavailability and geochemical cycling is affected by its partitioning between the aqueous and particulate phases. We applied a synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence (XRF) microprobe to visualize and quantify directly the spatial localization of Hg and its correlations with other elements of interest on suspended particles from a Hg-contaminated freshwater system. Up to 175 mu g g super(-1) Hg is found on suspended particles, but less than 0.01% is in the form of methylmercury. Mercury is heterogeneously distributed among phytoplankton (e.g., diatoms) and mineral particles that are rich in iron oxides and natural organic matter (NOM). The diatom-bound Hg is mostly found on outer surfaces of the cells, suggesting passive sorption of Hg on diatoms. Our results indicate that localized sorption of Hg onto suspended particles, including diatoms and NOM-coated oxide minerals, may play an important role in affecting the partitioning, reactivity, and biogeochemical cycling of Hg in natural aquatic environments. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Gu, B AU - Mishra, B AU - Miller, C AU - Wang, W AU - Lai, B AU - Brooks, S C AU - Kemner, K M AU - Liang, L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2014/09/30/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Sep 30 SP - 5259 EP - 5267 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Oxide minerals KW - iron oxides KW - Bacillariophyceae KW - Phytoplankton KW - Freshwater KW - Organic Matter KW - X-ray Fluorescence KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Sorption KW - Fluorescence KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Freshwater environments KW - Iron Oxides KW - Aquatic environment KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Mercury KW - Iron KW - Oxides KW - Iron oxides KW - Diatoms KW - spatial discrimination KW - Particulates KW - Dimethylmercury KW - oxides KW - Mapping KW - Methylmercury KW - Methyl mercury KW - Organic matter KW - Geochemistry KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Minerals KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618152866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=X-ray+fluorescence+mapping+of+mercury+on+suspended+mineral+particles+and+diatoms+in+a+contaminated+freshwater+system&rft.au=Gu%2C+B%3BMishra%2C+B%3BMiller%2C+C%3BWang%2C+W%3BLai%2C+B%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BKemner%2C+K+M%3BLiang%2C+L&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2014-09-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fbg-11-5259-2014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxide minerals; Methyl mercury; Sorption; Iron oxides; Organic matter; Mercury; Phytoplankton; Suspended particulate matter; Freshwater pollution; Fluorescence; iron oxides; Freshwater environments; Diatoms; spatial discrimination; Aquatic environment; Ionizing radiation; Dimethylmercury; oxides; Mapping; Minerals; Methylmercury; Biogeochemistry; Geochemistry; Particulates; Iron; Bioaccumulation; Organic Matter; Iron Oxides; X-ray Fluorescence; Oxides; Bacillariophyceae; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5259-2014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Millennial-scale ocean acidification and late Quaternary decline of cryptic bacterial crusts in tropical reefs AN - 1696875634; 2015-068902 AB - Ocean acidification by atmospheric carbon dioxide has increased almost continuously since the last glacial maximum (LGM), 21 000 years ago. It is expected to impair tropical reef development, but effects on reefs at the present day and in the recent past have proved difficult to evaluate. We present evidence that acidification has already significantly reduced the formation of calcified bacterial crusts in tropical reefs. Unlike major reef builders such as coralline algae and corals that more closely control their calcification, bacterial calcification is very sensitive to ambient changes in carbonate chemistry. Bacterial crusts in reef cavities have declined in thickness over the past 14 000 years with largest reduction occurring 12 000-10 000 years ago. We interpret this as an early effect of deglacial ocean acidification on reef calcification and infer that similar crusts were likely to have been thicker when seawater carbonate saturation was increased during earlier glacial intervals, and thinner during interglacials. These changes in crust thickness could have substantially affected reef development over glacial cycles, as rigid crusts significantly strengthen framework and their reduction would have increased the susceptibility of reefs to biological and physical erosion. Bacterial crust decline reveals previously unrecognized millennial-scale acidification effects on tropical reefs. This directs attention to the role of crusts in reef formation and the ability of bioinduced calcification to reflect changes in seawater chemistry. It also provides a long-term context for assessing anticipated anthropogenic effects. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Geobiology AU - Riding, R AU - Liang, L AU - Braga, J C Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 SP - 387 EP - 405 PB - Wiley, Oxford VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 1472-4677, 1472-4677 KW - paleo-oceanography KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - Southeast Pacific KW - paleoecology KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - IODP Site M0015 KW - IODP Site M0016 KW - Indian Ocean KW - Expedition 310 KW - IODP Site M0017 KW - IODP Site M0018 KW - East Pacific KW - bacterial crusts KW - reef environment KW - Quaternary KW - Integrated Ocean Drilling Program KW - South Pacific KW - calcite KW - nutrients KW - IODP Site M0023 KW - IODP Site M0005 KW - paleoenvironment KW - IODP Site M0021 KW - marine environment KW - IODP Site M0024 KW - Pacific Ocean KW - IODP Site M0025 KW - Pleistocene KW - acidification KW - Tahiti Sea Level Expedition KW - North Atlantic KW - IODP Site M0009 KW - Caribbean Sea KW - carbonates KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - IODP Site M0007 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696875634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geobiology&rft.atitle=Millennial-scale+ocean+acidification+and+late+Quaternary+decline+of+cryptic+bacterial+crusts+in+tropical+reefs&rft.au=Riding%2C+R%3BLiang%2C+L%3BBraga%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Riding&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geobiology&rft.issn=14724677&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgbi.12097 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=1472-4677 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 226 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; Atlantic Ocean; bacterial crusts; calcite; carbonates; Caribbean Sea; Cenozoic; East Pacific; Expedition 310; Holocene; Indian Ocean; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program; IODP Site M0005; IODP Site M0007; IODP Site M0009; IODP Site M0015; IODP Site M0016; IODP Site M0017; IODP Site M0018; IODP Site M0021; IODP Site M0023; IODP Site M0024; IODP Site M0025; marine environment; North Atlantic; nutrients; Pacific Ocean; paleo-oceanography; paleoclimatology; paleoecology; paleoenvironment; Pleistocene; Quaternary; reef environment; South Pacific; Southeast Pacific; Tahiti Sea Level Expedition; upper Pleistocene DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12097 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamic reassessment of U-Gd-O system AN - 1611619546; 20782467 AB - The CALPHAD approach is used to describe the thermodynamic properties and phase relations in the U-Gd-O system. A compound energy formalism (CEF) model is developed for the U sub(1-y)Gd sub(y)O sub(2 + or - x) phase that includes the introduction of a U super(6+) cation to better reproduce the phase equilibria. The lattice stability for a fictive gadolinium oxide fluorite structure compound is calculated from density functional theory (DFT) for use in the model for U sub(1-y)Gd sub(y)O sub(2 + or - x). A Gibbs function is proposed for the stoichiometric UGd sub(6)O sub(12) compound and the partially ionic liquid sublattice model is used to represent the liquid phase. Reported experimental thermodynamic and phase equilibria data were then used in optimizations to develop representations of the phases in the system. These will be able to be extended to include other actinide and fission products to develop multi-component models within the CALPHAD framework. The models developed in this assessment well reproduce the reported phase relations for the U-Gd-O system. The computed oxygen potentials from the CEF for U sub(1-y)Gd sub(y)O sub(2 + or - x) are in good agreement with experimentally determined values. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - McMurray, J W AU - Shin, D AU - Slone, B W AU - Besmann, T M AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6063, United States, besmanntm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - Sep 2014 SP - 397 EP - 406 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 452 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fission products KW - Oxygen KW - Thermodynamics KW - Cations KW - Energy KW - Gadolinium KW - Radioactive materials KW - Actinides KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1611619546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Thermodynamic+reassessment+of+U-Gd-O+system&rft.au=McMurray%2C+J+W%3BShin%2C+D%3BSlone%2C+B+W%3BBesmann%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=McMurray&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=452&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=397&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.04.047 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fission products; Oxygen; Cations; Thermodynamics; Energy; Radioactive materials; Gadolinium; Actinides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.04.047 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An asymptotic-preserving semi-Lagrangian algorithm for the time-dependent anisotropic heat transport equation AN - 1562672215; 20585863 AB - We propose a semi-Lagrangian numerical algorithm for a time-dependent, anisotropic temperature transport equation in magnetized plasmas in regimes with negligible variation of the magnitude of the magnetic field B along field lines. The approach is based on a formal integral solution of the parallel (i.e., along the magnetic field) transport equation with sources. While this study focuses on a Braginskii (local) heat flux closure, the approach is able to accommodate nonlocal parallel heat flux closures as well. The numerical implementation is based on an operator-split formulation, with two straightforward steps: a perpendicular transport step (including sources), and a Lagrangian (field-line integral) parallel transport step. Algorithmically, the first step is amenable to the use of modern iterative methods, while the second step has a fixed cost per degree of freedom (and is therefore algorithmically scalable). Accuracy-wise, the approach is free from the numerical pollution introduced by the discrete parallel transport term when the perpendicular to parallel transport coefficient ratio [chi][bottom]/[chi] becomes arbitrarily small, and is shown to capture the correct limiting solution when [isin] = [chi][bottom]L super(2) sub(||)/ sub([chi])L super(2)[bottom] arrow right 0 (with L sub(||), L sub([bottom]) the parallel and perpendicular diffusion length scales, respectively). Therefore, the approach is asymptotic-preserving. We demonstrate the performance of the scheme with several numerical experiments with varying magnetic field complexity in two dimensions, including the case of heat transport across a magnetic island in cylindrical geometry in the presence of a large guide field. JF - Journal of Computational Physics AU - Chacon, L AU - del-Castillo-Negrete, D AU - Hauck, C D AD - Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA, chacon@lanl.gov Y1 - 2014/09/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Sep 01 SP - 719 EP - 746 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 272 SN - 0021-9991, 0021-9991 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Asymptotic preserving methods KW - Anisotropic transport KW - Parallel transport KW - Operator-splitting KW - Magnetic fields KW - Islands KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Temperature KW - Diffusion KW - Heat transport KW - P 9999:GENERAL POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562672215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Computational+Physics&rft.atitle=An+asymptotic-preserving+semi-Lagrangian+algorithm+for+the+time-dependent+anisotropic+heat+transport+equation&rft.au=Chacon%2C+L%3Bdel-Castillo-Negrete%2C+D%3BHauck%2C+C+D&rft.aulast=Chacon&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=272&rft.issue=&rft.spage=719&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Computational+Physics&rft.issn=00219991&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jcp.2014.04.049 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Magnetic fields; Islands; Pollution dispersion; Temperature; Diffusion; Heat transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2014.04.049 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Observational and experimental constraints on global scale microbial models to improve climate prediction T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645188451; 6321027 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Thornton, Peter AU - Mayes, Melanie AU - Tang, Guoping AU - Xu, Xiaofeng AU - Wang, Gangsheng AU - Yang, Xiaojuan Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Climate prediction KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645188451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Observational+and+experimental+constraints+on+global+scale+microbial+models+to+improve+climate+prediction&rft.au=Thornton%2C+Peter%3BMayes%2C+Melanie%3BTang%2C+Guoping%3BXu%2C+Xiaofeng%3BWang%2C+Gangsheng%3BYang%2C+Xiaojuan&rft.aulast=Thornton&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Modeling of bacterial induced changes in the root environment T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645187467; 6320511 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Timm, Collin AU - Henning, Jeremiah AU - Jawdy, Sara AU - Pelletier, Dale AU - Weston, David Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Climatic changes KW - Roots UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645187467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+bacterial+induced+changes+in+the+root+environment&rft.au=Timm%2C+Collin%3BHenning%2C+Jeremiah%3BJawdy%2C+Sara%3BPelletier%2C+Dale%3BWeston%2C+David&rft.aulast=Timm&rft.aufirst=Collin&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Representation of plant roots in Terrestrial Biosphere Models T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645187036; 6320507 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Walker, Anthony Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Roots KW - Biosphere UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645187036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Representation+of+plant+roots+in+Terrestrial+Biosphere+Models&rft.au=Walker%2C+Anthony&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A path forward for the improved representation of fine roots in terrestrial biosphere models T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645186110; 6320516 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Iversen, Colleen AU - Warren, Jeffrey AU - Walker, Anthony AU - Wang, Dali AU - Weston, David Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Roots KW - Biosphere KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645186110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=A+path+forward+for+the+improved+representation+of+fine+roots+in+terrestrial+biosphere+models&rft.au=Iversen%2C+Colleen%3BWarren%2C+Jeffrey%3BWalker%2C+Anthony%3BWang%2C+Dali%3BWeston%2C+David&rft.aulast=Iversen&rft.aufirst=Colleen&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Ecology, historical extinction, and the conservation of island birds T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645186023; 6321101 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Boyer, Alison Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Ecology KW - Aves KW - Historical account KW - Islands KW - Extinction KW - Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645186023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Ecology%2C+historical+extinction%2C+and+the+conservation+of+island+birds&rft.au=Boyer%2C+Alison&rft.aulast=Boyer&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - 13C pulse labeling to assess C partitioning in dogwood - from foliage to fungi T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645181546; 6319556 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Warren, Jeffrey AU - Iversen, Colleen AU - Norby, Richard AU - Labbe, Jesse AU - Mao, Jiafu AU - Moore, Jessica AU - Ricciuto, Dan AU - Thornton, Peter Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Foliage KW - Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645181546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=13C+pulse+labeling+to+assess+C+partitioning+in+dogwood+-+from+foliage+to+fungi&rft.au=Warren%2C+Jeffrey%3BIversen%2C+Colleen%3BNorby%2C+Richard%3BLabbe%2C+Jesse%3BMao%2C+Jiafu%3BMoore%2C+Jessica%3BRicciuto%2C+Dan%3BThornton%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Earth System Modeling T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645181509; 6319492 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Thornton, Peter Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645181509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Earth+System+Modeling&rft.au=Thornton%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Thornton&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Observations and experiments - How do these complement one another in climate change research? T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645181243; 6319491 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Wullschleger, Stan Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Climatic changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645181243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Observations+and+experiments+-+How+do+these+complement+one+another+in+climate+change+research%3F&rft.au=Wullschleger%2C+Stan&rft.aulast=Wullschleger&rft.aufirst=Stan&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Advancing minirhizotron technology to improve our understanding of belowground responses to environmental change T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645180418; 6319496 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Iversen, Colleen Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Climatic changes KW - Environmental changes KW - Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645180418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Advancing+minirhizotron+technology+to+improve+our+understanding+of+belowground+responses+to+environmental+change&rft.au=Iversen%2C+Colleen&rft.aulast=Iversen&rft.aufirst=Colleen&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The SPRUCE experiment: Learning from the past to better predict the future T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645180409; 6320249 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Norby, Richard Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Learning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645180409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=The+SPRUCE+experiment%3A+Learning+from+the+past+to+better+predict+the+future&rft.au=Norby%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The oxidation state of the biospheric carbon and the next generation of the eddy covariance technique T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645180134; 6319495 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Gu, Lianhong Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Carbon KW - Oxidation KW - Oceanic eddies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645180134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=The+oxidation+state+of+the+biospheric+carbon+and+the+next+generation+of+the+eddy+covariance+technique&rft.au=Gu%2C+Lianhong&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Lianhong&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Drought shifts internal carbon partitioning and use of recent photosynthates in black spruce trees: From bud to mature shoot T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645180116; 6320086 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Jensen, Anna AU - Warren, Jeffrey Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Shoots KW - Carbon KW - Trees KW - Photosynthates KW - Droughts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645180116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Drought+shifts+internal+carbon+partitioning+and+use+of+recent+photosynthates+in+black+spruce+trees%3A+From+bud+to+mature+shoot&rft.au=Jensen%2C+Anna%3BWarren%2C+Jeffrey&rft.aulast=Jensen&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Satellite-based mapping of vegetation and landscape dynamics on Alaska's Seward Peninsula during 1986-2012 T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645179249; 6319949 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Goswami, Santonu AU - Hayes, Daniel AU - Hughes, Joe AU - Mcnew, Lance AU - Jones, Benjamin AU - Grosse, Guido Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - USA, Alaska KW - USA, Alaska, Seward Peninsula KW - Landscape KW - Vegetation KW - Mapping UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645179249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Satellite-based+mapping+of+vegetation+and+landscape+dynamics+on+Alaska%27s+Seward+Peninsula+during+1986-2012&rft.au=Goswami%2C+Santonu%3BHayes%2C+Daniel%3BHughes%2C+Joe%3BMcnew%2C+Lance%3BJones%2C+Benjamin%3BGrosse%2C+Guido&rft.aulast=Goswami&rft.aufirst=Santonu&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Data Management Vision for Global Environmental Change T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645179216; 6319494 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Cook, Robert Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Data processing KW - Vision KW - Climatic changes KW - Environmental changes KW - Data management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645179216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=A+Data+Management+Vision+for+Global+Environmental+Change&rft.au=Cook%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Role of remote sensing in global change studies T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645179155; 6319499 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Goswami, Santonu Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Remote sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645179155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Role+of+remote+sensing+in+global+change+studies&rft.au=Goswami%2C+Santonu&rft.aulast=Goswami&rft.aufirst=Santonu&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct Visualization of Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation in Lithium-Ion Batteries with In Situ Electrochemical Transmission Electron Microscopy AN - 1846409581; PQ0003866199 AB - Complex, electrochemically driven transport processes form the basis of electrochemical energy storage devices. The direct imaging of electrochemical processes at high spatial resolution and within their native liquid electrolyte would significantly enhance our understanding of device functionality, but has remained elusive. In this work we use a recently developed liquid cell for in situ electrochemical transmission electron microscopy to obtain insight into the electrolyte decomposition mechanisms and kinetics in lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries by characterizing the dynamics of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and evolution. Here we are able to visualize the detailed structure of the SEI that forms locally at the electrode/electrolyte interface during lithium intercalation into natural graphite from an organic Li-ion battery electrolyte. We quantify the SEI growth kinetics and observe the dynamic self-healing nature of the SEI with changes in cell potential. JF - Microscopy and Microanalysis AU - Unocic, Raymond R AU - Sun, Xiao-Guang AU - Sacci, Robert L AU - Adamczyk, Leslie A AU - Alsem, Daan Hein AU - Dai, Sheng AU - Dudney, Nancy J AU - More, Karren L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, unocicrr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - 1029 EP - 1037 PB - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU United Kingdom VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 1431-9276, 1431-9276 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Graphite KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Interphase KW - spatial discrimination KW - Energy storage KW - Staphylococcal enterotoxin I KW - Decomposition KW - imaging KW - Kinetics KW - Electrodes KW - Intercalation KW - Lithium KW - Evolution KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846409581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microscopy+and+Microanalysis&rft.atitle=Direct+Visualization+of+Solid+Electrolyte+Interphase+Formation+in+Lithium-Ion+Batteries+with+In+Situ+Electrochemical+Transmission+Electron+Microscopy&rft.au=Unocic%2C+Raymond+R%3BSun%2C+Xiao-Guang%3BSacci%2C+Robert+L%3BAdamczyk%2C+Leslie+A%3BAlsem%2C+Daan+Hein%3BDai%2C+Sheng%3BDudney%2C+Nancy+J%3BMore%2C+Karren+L&rft.aulast=Unocic&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1029&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microscopy+and+Microanalysis&rft.issn=14319276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS1431927614012744 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Graphite; Transmission electron microscopy; Interphase; Energy storage; spatial discrimination; Staphylococcal enterotoxin I; imaging; Decomposition; Kinetics; Electrodes; Intercalation; Evolution; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1431927614012744 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extrapolating active layer thickness measurements across Arctic polygonal terrain using LiDAR and NDVI data sets AN - 1656036982; 2015-013370 AB - Landscape attributes that vary with microtopography, such as active layer thickness (ALT), are labor intensive and difficult to document effectively through in situ methods at kilometer spatial extents, thus rendering remotely sensed methods desirable. Spatially explicit estimates of ALT can provide critically needed data for parameterization, initialization, and evaluation of Arctic terrestrial models. In this work, we demonstrate a new approach using high-resolution remotely sensed data for estimating centimeter-scale ALT in a 5 km (super 2) area of ice-wedge polygon terrain in Barrow, Alaska. We use a simple regression-based, machine learning data-fusion algorithm that uses topographic and spectral metrics derived from multisensor data (LiDAR and WorldView-2) to estimate ALT (2 m spatial resolution) across the study area. Comparison of the ALT estimates with ground-based measurements, indicates the accuracy (r (super 2) = 0.76, RMSE + or -4.4 cm) of the approach. While it is generally accepted that broad climatic variability associated with increasing air temperature will govern the regional averages of ALT, consistent with prior studies, our findings using high-resolution LiDAR and WorldView-2 data, show that smaller-scale variability in ALT is controlled by local eco-hydro-geomorphic factors. This work demonstrates a path forward for mapping ALT at high spatial resolution and across sufficiently large regions for improved understanding and predictions of coupled dynamics among permafrost, hydrology, and land-surface processes from readily available remote sensing data. Abstract Copyright (2014), . The Authors. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Gangodagamage, Chandana AU - Rowland, Joel C AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Brumby, Steven P AU - Liljedahl, Anna K AU - Wainwright, Haruko AU - Wilson, Cathy J AU - Altmann, Garrett L AU - Dafflon, Baptiste AU - Peterson, John AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Tweedie, Craig E AU - Wullschleger, Stan D Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - 6339 EP - 6357 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 50 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - permafrost KW - laser methods KW - mapping KW - periglacial features KW - thermal regime KW - Barrow Alaska KW - topography KW - ice KW - thickness KW - ground ice KW - polygons KW - hydrology KW - extrapolation KW - cryosphere KW - Arctic region KW - ice wedges KW - satellite methods KW - thawing KW - depth KW - measurement KW - terrains KW - lidar methods KW - Alaska KW - glacial geology KW - landscapes KW - active layer KW - remote sensing KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656036982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Extrapolating+active+layer+thickness+measurements+across+Arctic+polygonal+terrain+using+LiDAR+and+NDVI+data+sets&rft.au=Gangodagamage%2C+Chandana%3BRowland%2C+Joel+C%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BBrumby%2C+Steven+P%3BLiljedahl%2C+Anna+K%3BWainwright%2C+Haruko%3BWilson%2C+Cathy+J%3BAltmann%2C+Garrett+L%3BDafflon%2C+Baptiste%3BPeterson%2C+John%3BUlrich%2C+Craig%3BTweedie%2C+Craig+E%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D&rft.aulast=Gangodagamage&rft.aufirst=Chandana&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=6339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013WR014283 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 85 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; Alaska; Arctic region; Barrow Alaska; cryosphere; depth; extrapolation; glacial geology; ground ice; hydrology; ice; ice wedges; landscapes; laser methods; lidar methods; mapping; measurement; periglacial features; permafrost; polygons; remote sensing; satellite methods; terrains; thawing; thermal regime; thickness; topography; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013WR014283 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transmission geometry laser ablation into a non-contact liquid vortex capture probe for mass spectrometry imaging AN - 1559683898; 20206720 AB - RATIONALE Capture of material from a laser ablation plume into a continuous flow stream of solvent provides the means for uninterrupted sampling, transport and ionization of collected material for coupling with mass spectral analysis. Reported here is the use of vertically aligned transmission geometry laser ablation in combination with a new non-contact liquid vortex capture probe coupled with electrospray ionization for spot sampling and chemical imaging with mass spectrometry. METHODS A vertically aligned continuous flow liquid vortex capture probe was positioned directly underneath a sample surface in a transmission geometry laser ablation (355 nm, 10 Hz, 7 ns pulse width) set up to capture into solution the ablated material. The outlet of the vortex probe was coupled to the Turbo V(TM) ion source of an AB SCIEX TripleTOF 5600+ mass spectrometer. System operation and performance metrics were tested using inked patterns and thin tissue sections. Glass slides and slides designed especially for laser capture microdissection, viz., DIRECTOR super( registered ) slides and PEN 1.0 (polyethylene naphthalate) membrane slides, were used as sample substrates. RESULTS The estimated capture efficiency of laser-ablated material was 24%, which was enabled by the use of a probe with large liquid surface area (~2.8 mm super(2)) and with gravity to help direct ablated material vertically down towards the probe. The swirling vortex action of the liquid surface potentially enhanced capture and dissolution not only of particulates, but also of gaseous products of the laser ablation. The use of DIRECTOR super( registered ) slides and PEN 1.0 (polyethylene naphthalate) membrane slides as sample substrates enabled effective ablation of a wide range of sample types (basic blue 7, polypropylene glycol, insulin and cyctochrome c) without photodamage using a UV laser. Imaging resolution of about 6 mu m was demonstrated for stamped ink on DIRECTOR super( registered ) slides based on the ability to distinguish features present both in the optical and in the chemical image. This imaging resolution was 20 times better than the previous best reported results with laser ablation/liquid sample capture mass spectrometry imaging. Using thin sections of brain tissue the chemical image of a selected lipid was obtained with an estimated imaging resolution of about 50 mu m. CONCLUSIONS A vertically aligned, transmission geometry laser ablation liquid vortex capture probe, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry system provides an effective means for spatially resolved spot sampling and imaging with mass spectrometry. Published in 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. JF - Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry AU - Ovchinnikova, Olga S AU - Bhandari, Deepak AU - Lorenz, Matthias AU - Van Berkel, Gary J AD - Organic and Biological Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6131, USA. Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - 1665 EP - 1673 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 28 IS - 15 SN - 0951-4198, 0951-4198 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Probes KW - Streams KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Substrate preferences KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Substrates KW - Sampling KW - Ablation KW - Continuous Flow KW - Brain KW - Solvents KW - Imaging techniques KW - USA KW - Stream KW - Lasers KW - Ionization KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1559683898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rapid+Communications+in+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Transmission+geometry+laser+ablation+into+a+non-contact+liquid+vortex+capture+probe+for+mass+spectrometry+imaging&rft.au=Ovchinnikova%2C+Olga+S%3BBhandari%2C+Deepak%3BLorenz%2C+Matthias%3BVan+Berkel%2C+Gary+J&rft.aulast=Ovchinnikova&rft.aufirst=Olga&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=1665&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rapid+Communications+in+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=09514198&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frcm.6946 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Substrate preferences; Stream; Ultraviolet radiation; Solvents; Brain; Lasers; Mass spectroscopy; Imaging techniques; Ablation; Mass Spectrometry; Substrates; Probes; Sampling; Streams; Ionization; Continuous Flow; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.6946 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using ordination and clustering techniques to assess multimetric fish health response following a coal ash spill. AN - 1547544690; 24764206 AB - The effect of coal ash exposure on fish health in freshwater communities is largely unknown. Given the large number of possible pathways of effects (e.g., toxicological effect of exposure to multiple metals, physical effects from ash exposure, and food web effects), measurement of only a few health metrics is not likely to give a complete picture. The authors measured a suite of 20 health metrics from 1100+ fish collected from 5 sites (3 affected and 2 reference) near a coal ash spill in east Tennessee over a 4.5-yr period. The metrics represented a wide range of physiological and energetic responses and were evaluated simultaneously using 2 multivariate techniques. Results from both hierarchical clustering and canonical discriminant analyses suggested that for most species × season combinations, the suite of fish health indicators varied more among years than between spill and reference sites within a year. In a few cases, spill sites from early years in the investigation stood alone or clustered together separate from reference sites and later year spill sites. Outlier groups of fish with relatively unique health profiles were most often from spill sites, suggesting that some response to the ash exposure may have occurred. Results from the 2 multivariate methods suggest that any change in the health status of fish at the spill sites was small and appears to have diminished since the first 2 to 3 yr after the spill. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Bevelhimer, Mark S AU - Adams, S Marshall AU - Fortner, Allison M AU - Greeley, Mark S AU - Brandt, Craig C AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - 1903 EP - 1913 VL - 33 IS - 8 KW - Coal Ash KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - Index Medicus KW - Canonical discriminant analysis KW - Multivariate analysis KW - Hierarchical clustering KW - Fish health KW - Coal ash KW - Animals KW - Discriminant Analysis KW - Fresh Water KW - Food Chain KW - Tennessee KW - Cluster Analysis KW - Metals -- toxicity KW - Coal Ash -- toxicity KW - Fishes KW - Chemical Hazard Release KW - Health KW - Ecotoxicology -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1547544690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Using+ordination+and+clustering+techniques+to+assess+multimetric+fish+health+response+following+a+coal+ash+spill.&rft.au=Bevelhimer%2C+Mark+S%3BAdams%2C+S+Marshall%3BFortner%2C+Allison+M%3BGreeley%2C+Mark+S%3BBrandt%2C+Craig+C&rft.aulast=Bevelhimer&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1903&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=1552-8618&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fetc.2622 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-10-02 N1 - Date created - 2014-07-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2622 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validation of ORIGEN for LWR used fuel decay heat analysis with SCALE AN - 1567069986; 20469382 AB - The energy release rate from the decay of radionuclides can be a critical design parameter for used nuclear fuel storage, transportation, and repository engineered systems. Validation of the SCALE nuclear analysis code system capabilities in predicting decay heat for commercial used fuel applications has been performed using decay heat measurements for fuel assemblies irradiated in pressurized and boiling water reactors. The experimental data used for validation include a large number of full-length-assembly decay heat measurements that were performed between 2003 and 2010 at the Swedish Central Interim Storage Facility for Spent Nuclear Fuel, Clab, operated by the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company, SKB. The measured fuel assemblies cover the burnup range 14-51 GWd/MTU and cooling times between 12 and 27 years, which are times of interest to used fuel transportation and storage applications. The validation results indicate good agreement between calculated and measured decay heat values, generally within the reported measurement uncertainty. The effects of key modeling assumptions and data used in the calculations are presented and discussed. JF - Nuclear Engineering and Design AU - Ilas, Germina AU - Gauld, Ian C AU - Liljenfeldt, Henrik AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6172, USA ilasg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/07/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jul 01 SP - 58 EP - 67 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 273 SN - 0029-5493, 0029-5493 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Heat measurement KW - Transportation KW - Mathematical models KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Assemblies KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Decay UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567069986?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Validation+of+ORIGEN+for+LWR+used+fuel+decay+heat+analysis+with+SCALE&rft.au=Ilas%2C+Germina%3BGauld%2C+Ian+C%3BLiljenfeldt%2C+Henrik&rft.aulast=Ilas&rft.aufirst=Germina&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=273&rft.issue=&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=00295493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.nucengdes.2014.02.026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2014.02.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neutronics analysis for FMITS at SNS AN - 1562670072; 20469152 AB - The fusion material community has a growing interest in irradiating materials under a spallation spectrum, in which the wide range of helium/dpa ratios provides a unique opportunity for verifying and adjusting simulation model studies of the radiation effects on structural fusion materials. One of such efforts is the recently proposed FMITS project to be carried out at SNS. The conceptual design of FMITS was completed and briefly presented here. In this design, two sample rods are placed 3 cm and 5 cm off the centreline, respectively, in front of the mercury target, where the back scattering neutron flux spectrum was found to be fairly close to the ITER fusion spectrum. The PKA spectra at the FMITS samples were also compared to those at ITER. The results show a good agreement between the two types of PKA spectra. At a nominal power of 1.4 MW, the displacement production at samples of FMITS is 1.6-5.5 dpa/yr for steel, and 1.8-3.4 dpa/yr for SiC. The ratio of the gas production versus the displacement production is 13-75 appmHe/dpa and 76-311 appmH/dpa for steel, and 30-98 appmHe/dpa and 28-145 appmH/dpa for SiC. This study found no negative impact of FMITS on the SNS moderator performance based on the current conceptual design. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Lu, Wei AU - McManamy, Thomas J AU - Ferguson, Phillip D AU - Gallmeier, Franz X AD - Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, luw2@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - Jul 2014 SP - 20 EP - 26 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 450 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Radiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Mercury KW - Helium KW - Simulation KW - Steel KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562670072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Neutronics+analysis+for+FMITS+at+SNS&rft.au=Lu%2C+Wei%3BMcManamy%2C+Thomas+J%3BFerguson%2C+Phillip+D%3BGallmeier%2C+Franz+X&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Wei&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=450&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.03.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radiation; Radioactive materials; Simulation; Helium; Mercury; Steel DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.03.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Small gas bubble experiment for mitigation of cavitation damage and pressure waves in short-pulse mercury spallation targets AN - 1562669354; 20469175 AB - Populations of small helium gas bubbles were introduced into a flowing mercury experiment test loop to evaluate mitigation of beam-pulse induced cavitation damage and pressure waves. The test loop was developed and thoroughly tested at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) prior to irradiations at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center-Weapons Neutron Research (LANSCE-WNR) facility. Twelve candidate bubblers were evaluated over a range of mercury flow and gas injection rates by use of a novel optical measurement technique that accurately assessed the generated small bubble size distributions. Final selection for irradiation testing included two variations of a swirl bubbler provided by Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) collaborators and one orifice bubbler developed at SNS. Damage assessment was done after radiation decay and decontamination by optical and laser profiling microscopy with damaged area fraction and maximum pit depth being the more valued results. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Riemer, B W AU - Wendel, M W AU - Felde, D K AU - Sangrey, R L AU - Abdou, A AU - West, D L AU - Shea, T J AU - Hasegawa, S AU - Kogawa, H AU - Naoe, T AU - Farny, C H AU - Kaminsky, A L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6476, USA, riemerbw@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - Jul 2014 SP - 192 EP - 203 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 450 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Mitigation KW - Decontamination KW - USA, New Mexico, Los Alamos KW - Radiation KW - Irradiation KW - Microscopy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Mercury KW - Helium KW - Lasers KW - Decay KW - Japan KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562669354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Small+gas+bubble+experiment+for+mitigation+of+cavitation+damage+and+pressure+waves+in+short-pulse+mercury+spallation+targets&rft.au=Riemer%2C+B+W%3BWendel%2C+M+W%3BFelde%2C+D+K%3BSangrey%2C+R+L%3BAbdou%2C+A%3BWest%2C+D+L%3BShea%2C+T+J%3BHasegawa%2C+S%3BKogawa%2C+H%3BNaoe%2C+T%3BFarny%2C+C+H%3BKaminsky%2C+A+L&rft.aulast=Riemer&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=450&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.10.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mitigation; Radiation; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Microscopy; Decontamination; Helium; Mercury; Lasers; Decay; USA, New Mexico, Los Alamos; Japan DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.10.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correlation between simulations and cavitation-induced erosion damage in Spallation Neutron Source target modules after operation AN - 1562669182; 20469174 AB - An explicit finite element (FE) technique developed for estimating dynamic strain in the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) mercury target module vessel is now providing insight into cavitation-induced erosion patterns observed on interior surfaces of SNS targets during post-irradiation examination. Larger ratios of maximum bubble-size-to-nucleus result in greater bubble collapse intensity; longer saturation times correlate to greater ratios. With the recent development of a user subroutine for the FE solver, saturation time is now provided over the entire mercury domain. The other simulation result which seems to correlate with observed damage patterns is the local mercury velocity. Related R&D has provided evidence that damage is mitigated by flow velocity. Surfaces which are near regions of low mercury velocity appear to be more vulnerable to damage than those where the mercury flow is strong and sustained. By combining the patterns of saturation time and velocity a viable explanation for observed damage patterns is presented. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Riemer, B W AU - McClintock, D A AU - Kaminskas, S AU - Abdou, A A AD - Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Bldg. 8600, MS 6476, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, riemerbw@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - Jul 2014 SP - 183 EP - 191 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 450 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Erosion KW - Radioactive materials KW - Mercury KW - Velocity KW - Simulation KW - Vulnerability KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562669182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Correlation+between+simulations+and+cavitation-induced+erosion+damage+in+Spallation+Neutron+Source+target+modules+after+operation&rft.au=Riemer%2C+B+W%3BMcClintock%2C+D+A%3BKaminskas%2C+S%3BAbdou%2C+A+A&rft.aulast=Riemer&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=450&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.10.057 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Erosion; Radioactive materials; Simulation; Velocity; Mercury; Vulnerability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.10.057 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Post-irradiation tensile properties of the first and second operational target modules at the Spallation Neutron Source AN - 1562669058; 20469169 AB - During neutron production the target module at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is damaged by cavitation-induced erosion and the mechanical properties of the AISI 316L vessel material are altered by high-energy proton and neutron radiation. This paper presents the tensile properties of the irradiated 316L vessel material removed from the first and second operational SNS target modules. Results show an increase in tensile strength and decrease in elongation values similar to previous spallation irradiated 316L results. Abnormally large elongation, 57% total elongation, was observed in a specimen irradiated to 5.4 dpa and considerable scatter was observed in the uniform and total elongation data. One possible explanation for the abnormally large elongations and scatter observed in tensile test results is the so-called deformation wave phase transformation-induced plasticity effect. These findings indicate that 316L retains sufficient ductility (10-20% total elongation) and fractures in a ductile manor after irradiation to approximately 6-7 dpa in the mixed proton/neutron radiation environment at the SNS. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - McClintock, David A AU - Vevera, Bradley J AU - Riemer, Bernard W AU - Gallmeier, Franz X AU - Hyres, James W AU - Ferguson, Phillip D AD - Instrument and Source Design Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Building 8600, MS 6476, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6476, USA, mcclintockda@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - Jul 2014 SP - 130 EP - 140 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 450 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Austenitic stainless steels KW - Heat resistant steels KW - 316L KW - Erosion KW - Radiation KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Deformation KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562669058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Post-irradiation+tensile+properties+of+the+first+and+second+operational+target+modules+at+the+Spallation+Neutron+Source&rft.au=McClintock%2C+David+A%3BVevera%2C+Bradley+J%3BRiemer%2C+Bernard+W%3BGallmeier%2C+Franz+X%3BHyres%2C+James+W%3BFerguson%2C+Phillip+D&rft.aulast=McClintock&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=450&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=130&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.02.037 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Erosion; Radiation; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Deformation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.02.037 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hardness and stability of a carburized surface layer on AISI 316L stainless steel after irradiation in a spallation neutron environment AN - 1562668264; 20469173 AB - The inner surfaces of mercury target vessels at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) experience material erosion caused by proton-beam induced cavitation of the liquid mercury. One approach developed and deployed to inhibit erosion of the target vessel material was surface hardening via a proprietary low-temperature carburization treatment, called Kolsterising(R), to the target surfaces most susceptible to cavitation-induced erosion. Previous testing has shown that the hardened surface produced by the Kolsterising(R) treatment can delay the onset of erosion and inhibit erosion once initiated. But the stability of the carbon atmosphere in the treated surface layer after radiation to doses prototypic to the SNS target was unknown. Therefore, as part of the target Post Irradiation Examination program at the SNS, optical microscopy and microhardness testing were performed on material sampled from the first and second operational SNS target vessels. Optical micrographs contained no noticeable precipitation in the super-saturated carbon layer extending into the base material and several micrographs contained evidence of a proposed mechanism for mass wastage from the vessel surface. The hardened layer was characterized using Vickers microhardness testing and results show that the shape of hardness profile of the treated layer corresponded well with known pre-irradiation hardness values, though the microhardness results show some hardening occurred during irradiation. The results suggest that the hardened surface layer produced by the Kolsterising(R) treatment is stable at the operational temperatures and dose levels experienced by the first and second operational SNS target modules. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - McClintock, David A AU - Hyres, James W AU - Vevera, Bradley J AD - Instrument and Source Design Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Building 8600, MS 6476, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6476, USA, mcclintockda@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - Jul 2014 SP - 176 EP - 182 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 450 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Erosion KW - Radiation KW - Irradiation KW - Rainfall KW - Microscopy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Mercury KW - Steel KW - Atmosphere KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562668264?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Hardness+and+stability+of+a+carburized+surface+layer+on+AISI+316L+stainless+steel+after+irradiation+in+a+spallation+neutron+environment&rft.au=McClintock%2C+David+A%3BHyres%2C+James+W%3BVevera%2C+Bradley+J&rft.aulast=McClintock&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=450&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=176&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.01.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Erosion; Radiation; Rainfall; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Microscopy; Temperature; Mercury; Steel; Atmosphere DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.01.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolic Environments and Genomic Features Associated with Pathogenic and Mutualistic Interactions Between Bacteria and Plants AN - 1560106322; 20433536 AB - Genomic characteristics discriminating parasitic and mutualistic relationship of bacterial symbionts with plants are poorly understood. This study comparatively analyzed the genomes of 54 mutualists and pathogens to discover genomic markers associated with the different phenotypes. Using metabolic network models, we predict external environments associated with free-living and symbiotic lifestyles and quantify dependences of symbionts on the host in terms of the consumed metabolites. We show that specific differences between the phenotypes are pronounced at the levels of metabolic enzymes, especially carbohydrate active, and protein functions. Overall, biosynthetic functions are enriched and more diverse in plant mutualists whereas processes and functions involved in degradation and host invasion are enriched and more diverse in pathogens. A distinctive characteristic of plant pathogens is a putative novel secretion system with a circadian rhythm regulator. A specific marker of plant mutualists is the co-residence of genes encoding nitrogenase and ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO). We predict that RuBisCO is likely used in a putative metabolic pathway to supplement carbon obtained heterotrophically with low-cost assimilation of carbon from CO sub(2). We validate results of the comparative analysis by predicting correct phenotype, pathogenic or mutualistic, for 20 symbionts in an independent set of 30 pathogens, mutualists, and commensals. JF - Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions AU - Karpinets, Tatiana V AU - Park, Byung H AU - Syed, Mustafa H AU - Klotz, Martin G AU - Uberbacher, Edward C AD - Biosciences Division, karpinetstv@ornl.gov PY - 2014 SP - 664 EP - 677 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 United States VL - 27 IS - 7 SN - 0894-0282, 0894-0282 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Nitrogenase KW - Genomes KW - Biodegradation KW - Symbionts KW - Secretion KW - metabolic networks KW - Commensals KW - Enzymes KW - Metabolites KW - Pathogens KW - Host plants KW - Ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase KW - Carbon KW - Metabolic pathways KW - Circadian rhythms KW - genomics KW - Carbohydrates KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Oxygenase KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560106322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Plant-Microbe+Interactions&rft.atitle=Metabolic+Environments+and+Genomic+Features+Associated+with+Pathogenic+and+Mutualistic+Interactions+Between+Bacteria+and+Plants&rft.au=Karpinets%2C+Tatiana+V%3BPark%2C+Byung+H%3BSyed%2C+Mustafa+H%3BKlotz%2C+Martin+G%3BUberbacher%2C+Edward+C&rft.aulast=Karpinets&rft.aufirst=Tatiana&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=664&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Plant-Microbe+Interactions&rft.issn=08940282&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FMPMI-12-13-0368-R LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Nitrogenase; Symbionts; Biodegradation; Secretion; metabolic networks; Commensals; Enzymes; Metabolites; Pathogens; Host plants; Ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; Carbon; Circadian rhythms; Metabolic pathways; Carbohydrates; genomics; Carbon dioxide; Oxygenase DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-12-13-0368-R ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mesoporous graphene-like carbon sheet: high-power supercapacitor and outstanding catalyst support AN - 1559670408; 20478999 AB - Nowadays, continuous scientific endeavors are being directed toward low-cost, mild, scalable and reliable synthesis of graphene-based materials, in order to advance various graphene-related applications. So far, specific surface areas of current bulk graphene powders or graphene-like nanosheets are much lower than the theoretical value (2630 m super(2) g super(-1)) of individual graphene, remaining a challenge for carbon chemists. Herein, mesoporous graphene-like carbon sheets with high specific surface area (up to 2607 m super(2) g super(-1)) and high pore volume (up to 3.12 cm super(3) g super(-1)) were synthesized by using polyimide chemistry in the molten salt "solvent." In this process, abundant pyromellitic dianhydride and aromatic diamine undergo polycondensation together with further carbonization in molten KCl-ZnCl sub(2), in which in situ formed linear aromatic polyimide with a sp super(2) hybridized carbon skeleton could be directly coupled and rearranged into a two-dimensional graphene-like nanosheet around the "salt scaffold". Carbon nanosheets with well-defined mesopores ( similar to 3.5 nm) could be easily obtained by washing salt melts in water, while the salts could be recovered and reused for the subsequent reaction. The nitrogen atoms in amine also afforded the resulting carbon with uniform foreign atoms (nitrogen content = similar to 6%). Moreover, holey carbon sheets with well-dispersed and through-plane nanoholes (diameter: 5-10 nm) could be constructed by using different monomers. Being a potential electrode material in supercapacitors, the as-made carbon nanosheet possessed a significant specific capacitance (131.4-275.5 F g super(-1)) even at a scan rate of 2000 mV s super(-1). Additionally, powerful nanohybrids of carbon sheet-Co sub(3)O sub(4) were also prepared with good performance in the aerobic oxidation of alcohols and amines to aldehydes and imines, respectively. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Zhang, Pengfei AU - Qiao, Zhen-An AU - Zhang, Zhiyong AU - Wan, Shun AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Chemical Science Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge 37831; Tennessee; USA; , chemistryzpf@163.com Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - Jul 2014 SP - 12262 EP - 12269 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 2 IS - 31 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Alcohol KW - Surface area KW - Solvents KW - Amines KW - Sustainability KW - Salts KW - Energy KW - Electrodes KW - Oxidation KW - Catalysts KW - Aldehydes KW - Nitrogen KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1559670408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Mesoporous+graphene-like+carbon+sheet%3A+high-power+supercapacitor+and+outstanding+catalyst+support&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Pengfei%3BQiao%2C+Zhen-An%3BZhang%2C+Zhiyong%3BWan%2C+Shun%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Pengfei&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=31&rft.spage=12262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4ta02307b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alcohol; Salts; Energy; Surface area; Oxidation; Electrodes; Solvents; Catalysts; Aldehydes; Amines; Sustainability; Nitrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta02307b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2013 feedstock supply and price projections and sensitivity analysis AN - 1547851734; 20235243 AB - Farmgate prices (i.e. price delivered roadside ready for loading and transport) for biomass feedstocks directly influence biofuel prices. Using the latest available data, marginal (i.e. price for the last ton) farmgate prices of $51, $63, and $67 dry ton super(-1) ($2011) are projected as necessary to provide 21 billion gallons of biofuels from about 250 million dry tons of terrestrial feedstocks in 2022 under price-run deterministic, demand-run deterministic, and stochastic simulations, respectively.Sources of uncertainty in these feedstock supply and price projections include conversion efficiency, global market impacts on crop price projections, crop yields, no-till adoption, and climate.Under a set of low, high, and reference assumptions, these variables introduce an average of +/- $11 dry ton super(-1) (~15%) uncertainty of feedstock prices needed to meet EISA targets of 21 billion gallons of biofuels produced with 250 million dry tons of biomass in 2022.Market uncertainty justifies the need for fairly frequent (i.e. annual or biennial) re-assessment of feedstock price projections to inform strategies toward commercialization of biofuels. Published in 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd JF - Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining AU - Langholtz, Matthew AU - Eaton, Laurence AU - Turhollow, Anthony AU - Hilliard, Michael AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, USA. Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - Jul 2014 SP - 594 EP - 607 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 1932-104X, 1932-104X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Roadsides KW - Refining KW - Adoption KW - Biomass KW - Stochasticity KW - Biofuels KW - Crops KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1547851734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.atitle=2013+feedstock+supply+and+price+projections+and+sensitivity+analysis&rft.au=Langholtz%2C+Matthew%3BEaton%2C+Laurence%3BTurhollow%2C+Anthony%3BHilliard%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Langholtz&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=594&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.issn=1932104X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbbb.1489 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Roadsides; Adoption; Refining; Biomass; Stochasticity; Crops; Biofuels DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1489 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A computational approach predicting CYP450 metabolism and estrogenic activity of an endocrine disrupting compound (PCB-30). AN - 1537595665; 24687371 AB - Endocrine disrupting chemicals influence growth and development through interactions with the hormone system, often through binding to hormone receptors such as the estrogen receptor. Computational methods can predict endocrine disrupting chemical activity of unmodified compounds, but approaches predicting activity following metabolism are lacking. The present study uses a well-known environmental contaminant, PCB-30 (2,4,6-trichlorobiphenyl), as a prototype endocrine disrupting chemical and integrates predictive (computational) and experimental methods to determine its metabolic transformation by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) into estrogenic byproducts. Computational predictions suggest that hydroxylation of PCB-30 occurs at the 3- or 4-phenol positions and leads to metabolites that bind more strongly than the parent molecule to the human estrogen receptor alpha (hER-α). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry experiments confirmed that the primary metabolite for CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 is 4-hydroxy-PCB-30, and the secondary metabolite is 3-hydroxy-PCB-30. Cell-based bioassays (bioluminescent yeast expressing hER-α) confirmed that hydroxylated metabolites are more estrogenic than PCB-30. These experimental results support the applied model's ability to predict the metabolic and estrogenic fate of PCB-30, which could be used to identify other endocrine disrupting chemicals involved in similar pathways. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Harris, Jason B AU - Eldridge, Melanie L AU - Sayler, Gary AU - Menn, Fu-Min AU - Layton, Alice C AU - Baudry, Jerome AD - Genome Science and Technology Graduate School, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA; Center for Molecular Biophysics, University of Tennessee/Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - July 2014 SP - 1615 EP - 1623 VL - 33 IS - 7 KW - Endocrine Disruptors KW - 0 KW - Estrogen Receptor alpha KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - estrogen receptor alpha, human KW - 2,4,6-trichlorobiphenyl KW - 35693-92-6 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - CYP3A4 protein, human KW - EC 1.14.13.67 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A KW - Index Medicus KW - Polychlorinated biphenyl 30 (PCB-30) KW - Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) KW - Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) KW - Endocrine disrupting compound KW - 2,4,6-trichlorobiphenyl (TCBP) KW - Molecular Docking Simulation KW - Humans KW - Estrogen Receptor alpha -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- metabolism KW - Hydroxylation KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 -- metabolism KW - Endocrine Disruptors -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1537595665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=A+computational+approach+predicting+CYP450+metabolism+and+estrogenic+activity+of+an+endocrine+disrupting+compound+%28PCB-30%29.&rft.au=Harris%2C+Jason+B%3BEldridge%2C+Melanie+L%3BSayler%2C+Gary%3BMenn%2C+Fu-Min%3BLayton%2C+Alice+C%3BBaudry%2C+Jerome&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=1552-8618&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fetc.2595 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-10-02 N1 - Date created - 2014-06-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2595 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A generalized multi-dimensional mathematical model for charging and discharging processes in a supercapacitor AN - 1544014679; 20164154 AB - A generalized three dimensional computational model based on unified formulation of electrode -electrolyte system of an electric double layer supercapacitor has been developed. This model accounts for charge transport across the electrode-electrolyte system. It is based on volume averaging, a widely used technique in multiphase flow modeling ([1,2]) and is analogous to porous media theory employed for electrochemical systems [3-5]. A single-domain approach is considered in the formulation where there is no need to model the interfacial boundary conditions explicitly as done in prior literature ([6]). Spatio-temporal variations, anisotropic physical properties, and upscaled parameters from lower length-scale simulations and experiments can be easily introduced in the formulation. Model complexities like irregular geometric configuration, porous electrodes, charge transport and related performance characteristics of the supercapacitor can be effectively captured in higher dimensions. This generalized model also provides insight into the applicability of 1D models ([6]) and where multidimensional effects need to be considered. A sensitivity analysis is presented to ascertain the dependence of the charge and discharge processes on key model parameters. Finally, application of the formulation to non-planar supercapacitors is presented. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Allu, S AU - Asokan, B Velamur AU - Shelton, W A AU - Philip, B AU - Pannala, S AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Computer Science and Mathematics Division, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, allus@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/06/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jun 15 SP - 369 EP - 382 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 256 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Supercapacitors KW - Computer modeling KW - Electrochemical modeling KW - Multidimensional simulations KW - Energy storage KW - Mathematical models KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Electrodes KW - Simulation KW - Electrochemistry KW - Boundary conditions KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1544014679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=A+generalized+multi-dimensional+mathematical+model+for+charging+and+discharging+processes+in+a+supercapacitor&rft.au=Allu%2C+S%3BAsokan%2C+B+Velamur%3BShelton%2C+W+A%3BPhilip%2C+B%3BPannala%2C+S&rft.aulast=Allu&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-06-15&rft.volume=256&rft.issue=&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2014.01.054 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Sensitivity analysis; Electrodes; Simulation; Electrochemistry; Boundary conditions DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.01.054 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-size-dependent calcium carbonate precipitation controlled by surface chemistry. AN - 1532477564; 24815551 AB - Induced mineral precipitation is potentially important for the remediation of contaminants, such as during mineral trapping during carbon or toxic metal sequestration. The prediction of precipitation reactions is complicated by the porous nature of rocks and soils and their interaction with the precipitate, introducing transport and confinement effects. Here X-ray scattering measurements, modeling, and electron microscopies were used to measure the kinetics of calcium carbonate precipitation in a porous amorphous silica (CPG) that contained two discrete distributions of pore sizes: nanopores and macropores. To examine the role of the favorability of interaction between the substrate and precipitate, some of the CPG was functionalized with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) similar to those known to enhance nucleation densities on planar substrates. Precipitation was found to occur exclusively in macropores in the native CPG, while simultaneous precipitation in nanopores and macropores was observed in the functionalized CPG. The rate of precipitation in the nanopores estimated from the model of the X-ray scattering matched that measured on calcite single crystals. These results suggest that the pore-size distribution in which a precipitation reaction preferentially occurs depends on the favorability of interaction between substrate and precipitate, something not considered in most studies of precipitation in porous media. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Stack, Andrew G AU - Fernandez-Martinez, Alejandro AU - Allard, Lawrence F AU - Bañuelos, José L AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Cole, David R AU - Waychunas, Glenn A AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, MS-6110, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. Y1 - 2014/06/03/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jun 03 SP - 6177 EP - 6183 VL - 48 IS - 11 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Calcium Carbonate KW - H0G9379FGK KW - Index Medicus KW - Porosity KW - Chemical Precipitation KW - Silicon Dioxide -- chemistry KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Calcium Carbonate -- chemistry KW - Nanopores -- ultrastructure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1532477564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Pore-size-dependent+calcium+carbonate+precipitation+controlled+by+surface+chemistry.&rft.au=Stack%2C+Andrew+G%3BFernandez-Martinez%2C+Alejandro%3BAllard%2C+Lawrence+F%3BBa%C3%B1uelos%2C+Jos%C3%A9+L%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn+A&rft.aulast=Stack&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2014-06-03&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=6177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes405574a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-01-27 N1 - Date created - 2014-06-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es405574a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil carbon sensitivity to temperature and carbon use efficiency compared across microbial-ecosystem models of varying complexity AN - 1797533111; 2016-052431 AB - Global ecosystem models may require microbial components to accurately predict feedbacks between climate warming and soil decomposition, but it is unclear what parameters and levels of complexity are ideal for scaling up to the globe. Here we conducted a model comparison using a conventional model with first-order decay and three microbial models of increasing complexity that simulate short- to long-term soil carbon dynamics. We focused on soil carbon responses to microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) and temperature. Three scenarios were implemented in all models: constant CUE (held at 0.31), varied CUE (-0.016 degrees C (super -1) ), and 50 % acclimated CUE (-0.008 degrees C (super -1) ). Whereas the conventional model always showed soil carbon losses with increasing temperature, the microbial models each predicted a temperature threshold above which warming led to soil carbon gain. The location of this threshold depended on CUE scenario, with higher temperature thresholds under the acclimated and constant scenarios. This result suggests that the temperature sensitivity of CUE and the structure of the soil carbon model together regulate the long-term soil carbon response to warming. Equilibrium soil carbon stocks predicted by the microbial models were much less sensitive to changing inputs compared to the conventional model. Although many soil carbon dynamics were similar across microbial models, the most complex model showed less pronounced oscillations. Thus, adding model complexity (i.e. including enzyme pools) could improve the mechanistic representation of soil carbon dynamics during the transient phase in certain ecosystems. This study suggests that model structure and CUE parameterization should be carefully evaluated when scaling up microbial models to ecosystems and the globe. Copyright 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland and Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht JF - Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) AU - Li, Jianwei AU - Wang, Gangsheng AU - Allison, Steven D AU - Mayes, Melanie A AU - Luo, Yiqi Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - June 2014 SP - 67 EP - 84 PB - Springer, Dordrecht - Boston - Lancaster VL - 119 IS - 1-3 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - soils KW - biochemistry KW - prediction KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - models KW - sensitivity analysis KW - carbon KW - mathematical methods KW - climate KW - microorganisms KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797533111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.atitle=Soil+carbon+sensitivity+to+temperature+and+carbon+use+efficiency+compared+across+microbial-ecosystem+models+of+varying+complexity&rft.au=Li%2C+Jianwei%3BWang%2C+Gangsheng%3BAllison%2C+Steven+D%3BMayes%2C+Melanie+A%3BLuo%2C+Yiqi&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Jianwei&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10533-013-9948-8 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100244/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; carbon; climate; climate change; ecosystems; global change; global warming; mathematical methods; microorganisms; models; prediction; sensitivity analysis; soils; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-013-9948-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Massively Parallel, Three-Dimensional Transport Solutions for the k-Eigenvalue Problem AN - 1567136370; 20535985 AB - We have implemented a new multilevel parallel decomposition in the Denovo discrete ordinates radiation transport code. In concert with Krylov subspace iterative solvers, the multilevel decomposition allows concurrency over energy in addition to space-angle, enabling scalability beyond the limits imposed by the traditional Koch-Baker-Alcouffe (KBA) space-angle partitioning. Furthermore, a new Arnoldi-based k-eigenvalue solver has been implemented. The added phase-space concurrency combined with the high-performance Krylov and Arnoldi solvers has enabled weak scaling to O(10 super(5) cores on the Titan XK7 supercomputer. The multilevel decomposition provides a mechanism for scaling to exascale computing and beyond. JF - Nuclear Science and Engineering AU - Davidson, Gregory G AU - Evans, Thomas M AU - Jarrell, Joshua J AU - Hamilton, Steven P AU - Pandya, Tara M AU - Slaybaugh, Rachel N AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Radiation Transport Group, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 davidsongg@oml.gov Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - Jun 2014 SP - 111 EP - 125 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc., 555 N. Kensington Ave. La Grange Park IL 60525 United States VL - 177 IS - 2 SN - 0029-5639, 0029-5639 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Three dimensional KW - Radiation transport KW - Energy (nuclear) KW - Solvers KW - Multilevel KW - Concerts KW - Decomposition KW - Concurrency UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567136370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Science+and+Engineering&rft.atitle=Massively+Parallel%2C+Three-Dimensional+Transport+Solutions+for+the+k-Eigenvalue+Problem&rft.au=Davidson%2C+Gregory+G%3BEvans%2C+Thomas+M%3BJarrell%2C+Joshua+J%3BHamilton%2C+Steven+P%3BPandya%2C+Tara+M%3BSlaybaugh%2C+Rachel+N&rft.aulast=Davidson&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=177&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Science+and+Engineering&rft.issn=00295639&rft_id=info:doi/10.13182%2FNSE12-101 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/NSE12-101 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Process development for 9Cr nanostructured ferritic alloy (NFA) with high fracture toughness AN - 1562673181; 20535972 AB - This article is to summarize the process development and key characterization results for the newly-developed Fe-9Cr based nanostructured ferritic alloys (NFAs) with high fracture toughness. One of the major drawbacks from pursuing ultra-high strength in the past development of NFAs is poor fracture toughness at high temperatures although a high fracture toughness is essential to prevent cracking during manufacturing and to mitigate or delay irradiation-induced embrittlement in irradiation environments. A study on fracture mechanism using the NFA 14YWT found that the low-energy grain boundary decohesion in fracture process at a high temperature (>200 [degrees]C) resulted in low fracture toughness. Lately, efforts have been devoted to explore an integrated process to enhance grain bonding. Two base materials were produced through mechanical milling and hot extrusion and designated as 9YWTV-PM1 and 9YWTV-PM2. Isothermal annealing (IA) and controlled rolling (CR) treatments in two phase region were used to enhance diffusion across the interfaces and boundaries. The PM2 alloy after CR treatments showed high fracture toughness (K sub(JQ)) at represented temperatures: 240-280 MPa [radical]m at room temperature and 160-220 MPa [radical]m at 500 [degrees]C, which indicates that the goal of 100 MPa [radical]m over possible nuclear application temperature range has been well achieved. Furthermore, it is also confirmed by comparison that the CR treatments on 9YWTV-PM2 result in high fracture toughness similar to or higher than those of the conventional ferritic-martensitic steels such as HT9 and NF616. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Byun, Thak Sang AU - Yoon, Ji Hyun AU - Hoelzer, David T AU - Lee, Yong Bok AU - Kang, Suk Hoon AU - Maloy, Stuart A AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, byunts@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - Jun 2014 SP - 290 EP - 299 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 449 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Steels KW - Chromium steels KW - Austenitic stainless steels KW - Ferritic stainless steels KW - Heat resistant steels KW - Duplex stainless steels KW - Martensitic stainless steels KW - Chromium molybdenum vanadium steels KW - 14YWT KW - 9Cr KW - Fe-9Cr KW - HT9 KW - NF616 KW - High temperature KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Alloys KW - Diffusion KW - Steel KW - Grains KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562673181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Process+development+for+9Cr+nanostructured+ferritic+alloy+%28NFA%29+with+high+fracture+toughness&rft.au=Byun%2C+Thak+Sang%3BYoon%2C+Ji+Hyun%3BHoelzer%2C+David+T%3BLee%2C+Yong+Bok%3BKang%2C+Suk+Hoon%3BMaloy%2C+Stuart+A&rft.aulast=Byun&rft.aufirst=Thak&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=449&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.10.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 82 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Irradiation; High temperature; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Alloys; Diffusion; Steel; Grains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.10.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A high-conduction Ge substituted Li sub(3)AsS sub(4) solid electrolyte with exceptional low activation energy AN - 1559671138; 20478823 AB - Lithium-ion conducting solid electrolytes show potential to enable high-energy-density secondary batteries and offer distinctive safety features as an advantage over traditional liquid electrolytes. Achieving the combination of high ionic conductivity, low activation energy, and outstanding electrochemical stability in crystalline solid electrolytes is a challenge for the synthesis of novel solid electrolytes. Herein we report an exceptionally low activation energy (E sub(a)) and high room temperature superionic conductivity viafacile aliovalent substitution of Li sub(3)AsS sub(4) by Ge, which increased the conductivity by two orders of magnitude as compared with the parent compound. The composition Li sub(3.334)Ge sub(0.334)As sub(0.666)S sub(4) has a high ionic conductivity of 1.12 mS cm super(-1) at 27 degree C. Local Li super(+) hopping in this material is accompanied by a distinctive low activation energy E sub(a) of 0.17 eV, being the lowest of Li super(+) solid conductors. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the efficacy of surface passivation of solid electrolyte to achieve compatibility with metallic lithium electrodes. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Sahu, Gayatri AU - Rangasamy, Ezhiylmurugan AU - Li, Juchuan AU - Chen, Yan AU - An, Ke AU - Dudney, Nancy AU - Liang, Chengdu AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; USA; , liangcn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - Jun 2014 SP - 10396 EP - 10403 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 2 IS - 27 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Electrodes KW - Safety KW - Temperature KW - Electrochemistry KW - Sustainability KW - Lithium KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1559671138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=A+high-conduction+Ge+substituted+Li+sub%283%29AsS+sub%284%29+solid+electrolyte+with+exceptional+low+activation+energy&rft.au=Sahu%2C+Gayatri%3BRangasamy%2C+Ezhiylmurugan%3BLi%2C+Juchuan%3BChen%2C+Yan%3BAn%2C+Ke%3BDudney%2C+Nancy%3BLiang%2C+Chengdu&rft.aulast=Sahu&rft.aufirst=Gayatri&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=27&rft.spage=10396&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4ta01243g LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electrolytes; Batteries; Energy; Safety; Electrodes; Temperature; Electrochemistry; Lithium; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta01243g ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A long-life lithium-ion battery with a highly porous TiNb sub(2)O sub(7) anode for large-scale electrical energy storage AN - 1554949454; 20476596 AB - A high performance TiNb sub(2)O sub(7) anode material with a nanoporous nature, which was prepared by a facile approach, exhibits an average storage voltage of 1.66 V, a reversible capacity of 281 mA h g super(-1), and an 84% capacity retention after 1000 cycles, and may be suitable for long-life stationary lithium-ion batteries. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Guo, Bingkun AU - Yu, Xiqian AU - Sun, Xiao-Guang AU - Chi, Miaofang AU - Qiao, Zhen-An AU - Liu, Jue AU - Hu, Yong-Sheng AU - Yang, Xiao-Qing AU - Goodenough, John B AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Chemical Sciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; Tennessee 37831; USA; , dais@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - Jun 2014 SP - 2220 EP - 2226 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 7 IS - 7 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Storage KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1554949454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=A+long-life+lithium-ion+battery+with+a+highly+porous+TiNb+sub%282%29O+sub%287%29+anode+for+large-scale+electrical+energy+storage&rft.au=Guo%2C+Bingkun%3BYu%2C+Xiqian%3BSun%2C+Xiao-Guang%3BChi%2C+Miaofang%3BQiao%2C+Zhen-An%3BLiu%2C+Jue%3BHu%2C+Yong-Sheng%3BYang%2C+Xiao-Qing%3BGoodenough%2C+John+B%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=Bingkun&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2220&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4ee00508b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Batteries; Energy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ee00508b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Populus trichocarpa and Populus deltoides Exhibit Different Metabolomic Responses to Colonization by the Symbiotic Fungus Laccaria bicolor AN - 1547864371; 20293229 AB - Within boreal and temperate forest ecosystems, the majority of trees and shrubs form beneficial relationships with mutualistic ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi that support plant health through increased access to nutrients as well as aiding in stress and pest tolerance. The intimate interaction between fungal hyphae and plant roots results in a new symbiotic "organ" called the ECM root tip. Little is understood concerning the metabolic reprogramming that favors the formation of this hybrid tissue in compatible interactions and what prevents the formation of ECM root tips in incompatible interactions. We show here that the metabolic changes during favorable colonization between the ECM fungus Laccaria bicolor and its compatible host, Populus trichocarpa, are characterized by shifts in aromatic acid, organic acid, and fatty acid metabolism. We demonstrate that this extensive metabolic reprogramming is repressed in incompatible interactions and that more defensive compounds are produced or retained. We also demonstrate that L. bicolor can metabolize a number of secreted defensive compounds and that the degradation of some of these compounds produces immune response metabolites (e.g., salicylic acid from salicin). Therefore, our results suggest that the metabolic responsiveness of plant roots to L. bicolor is a determinant factor in fungus-host interactions. JF - Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions AU - Tschaplinski, Timothy J AU - Plett, Jonathan M AU - Engle, Nancy L AU - Deveau, Aurelie AU - Cushman, Katherine C AU - Martin, Madhavi Z AU - Doktycz, Mitchel J AU - Tuskan, Gerald A AU - Brun, Annick AU - Kohler, Annegret AU - Martin, Francis AD - Plant Systems Biology Group, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6445, U.S.A., j.plett@uws.edu.au PY - 2014 SP - 546 EP - 556 PB - American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road St. Paul MN 55121-2097 United States VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0894-0282, 0894-0282 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Trees KW - Roots KW - Forests KW - Metabolites KW - Nutrients KW - Colonization KW - Hybrids KW - Populus deltoides KW - Pests KW - salicin KW - Laccaria bicolor KW - Shrubs KW - Fungi KW - Hyphae KW - Stress KW - Salicylic acid KW - Populus trichocarpa KW - organic acids KW - Ectomycorrhizas KW - Extracellular matrix KW - Fatty acids KW - Immune response KW - metabolomics KW - Aromatics KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1547864371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Plant-Microbe+Interactions&rft.atitle=Populus+trichocarpa+and+Populus+deltoides+Exhibit+Different+Metabolomic+Responses+to+Colonization+by+the+Symbiotic+Fungus+Laccaria+bicolor&rft.au=Tschaplinski%2C+Timothy+J%3BPlett%2C+Jonathan+M%3BEngle%2C+Nancy+L%3BDeveau%2C+Aurelie%3BCushman%2C+Katherine+C%3BMartin%2C+Madhavi+Z%3BDoktycz%2C+Mitchel+J%3BTuskan%2C+Gerald+A%3BBrun%2C+Annick%3BKohler%2C+Annegret%3BMartin%2C+Francis&rft.aulast=Tschaplinski&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=546&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Plant-Microbe+Interactions&rft.issn=08940282&rft_id=info:doi/10.1094%2FMPMI-09-13-0286-R LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shrubs; Trees; Fungi; Hyphae; Forests; Roots; Stress; Nutrients; Metabolites; Salicylic acid; Colonization; organic acids; Ectomycorrhizas; Extracellular matrix; Hybrids; Fatty acids; Pests; Immune response; salicin; Aromatics; metabolomics; Populus trichocarpa; Populus deltoides; Laccaria bicolor DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-09-13-0286-R ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Next generation models of carbonate mineral growth and dissolution AN - 1544006156; 20166142 AB - The long-term success of carbon sequestration lies in part on the ability to trap carbon dioxide as a carbonate mineral phase. As such, the ability to predict the extent of carbonate mineral precipitation over the lifetime of a proposed geologic sequestration site will be necessary. In this review, different methods of predicting the growth of carbonate minerals, particularly calcite, and their disadvantages and advantages are summarized. Starting from a simple description of the solution saturation state, more advanced affinity-based models are described that comprise the status quo. In these, the reaction rate is measured by the difference in concentration from an equilibrium value or the Gibbs Free Energy of reaction. It is shown that these models fail to capture some important aspects of carbonate mineral growth rates. Next-generation models in development are those that reflect the processes that occur on a mineral surface while it is growing, not just the concentration of dissolved species. While incomplete, these process-based models are already addressing some long-standing questions in geochemistry and are enhancing the accuracy and robustness of the predictive ability for calcite precipitation. Lastly, the importance of the step density, analogous to the reactive site density in a natural sample, is shown. The factors that may influence the step density are described and the potentially complex relationship between step density and solution conditions is presented. While still in development, these models suggest that many of the historical problems in quantitative prediction of mineral growth and dissolution reactions can be resolved. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Stack, Andrew G AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, USA. Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - Jun 2014 SP - 278 EP - 288 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Growth rate KW - Historical account KW - Geochemistry KW - Precipitation KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Growth KW - Reviews KW - Energy KW - Geology KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Minerals KW - Science and technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1544006156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Next+generation+models+of+carbonate+mineral+growth+and+dissolution&rft.au=Stack%2C+Andrew+G&rft.aulast=Stack&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=278&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1400 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Geochemistry; Precipitation; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases; Science and technology; Growth rate; Prediction; Historical account; Carbon sequestration; Growth; Energy; Reviews; Geology; Minerals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1400 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between mineralogy and porosity in seals relevant to geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration AN - 1542647033; 2014-051911 AB - Porosity and permeability are key petrophysical variables that link the thermal, hydrological, geochemical, and geomechanical properties of subsurface formations. The size, shape, distribution, and connectivity of rock pores dictate how fluids migrate into and through micro- and nano-environments, then wet and react with accessible solids. Three representative samples of cap rock from the Eau Claire Formation, the prospective sealing unit that overlies the Mount Simon Sandstone, a potential CO (sub 2) storage formation, were interrogated with an array of complementary methods. neutron scattering, backscattered-electron imaging, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and mercury porosimetry. Results are presented that detail variations between lithologic types in total and connected nano- to microporosity across more than five orders of magnitude. Pore types are identified and then characterized according to presence in each rock type, relative abundance, and surface area of adjacent minerals, pore and pore-throat diameters, and degree of connectivity. We observe a bimodal distribution of porosity as a function of both pore diameter and pore-throat diameter. The contribution of pores at the nano- and microscales to the total and the connected porosity is a distinguishing feature of each lithology observed. Pore:pore-throat ratios at each of these two scales diverge markedly, being almost unity at the nanoscale regime (dominated by illitic clay and micas), and varying by one and a half orders of magnitude at the microscale within a clastic mudstone. Individual minerals, primarily illite and glauconite, have unmistakable pore and pore-throat signatures and contribute disproportionately to connected reactive surface area. The pore types created or evolved during diagenesis mediate profound differences between bulk and pore-network-accessible mineral associations in the mudstones. Results of this study can ultimately be used to inform reactive-transport simulations of effective reactive surface area. JF - Environmental Geosciences AU - Swift, Alexander M AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Sheets, Julia M AU - Cole, David R AU - Welch, Susan A AU - Rother, Gernot Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - June 2014 SP - 39 EP - 57 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG), Division of Environmental Geosciences, Tulsa, OK VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 1075-9565, 1075-9565 KW - United States KW - imagery KW - neutron methods KW - characterization KW - glauconitic composition KW - mapping KW - storage coefficient KW - Mount Simon Sandstone KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - Cambrian KW - rock mechanics KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - Upper Cambrian KW - mitigation KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - transport KW - Indiana KW - autocorrelation KW - Eau Claire Formation KW - reactive transport KW - Wisconsin KW - Ohio KW - stratigraphy KW - carbon sequestration KW - mudstone KW - Illinois KW - Paleozoic KW - grain size KW - thermal properties KW - statistical analysis KW - connectivity KW - mechanical properties KW - migration of elements KW - aquitards KW - porosity KW - boundary conditions KW - physical properties KW - greenhouse gases KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - instruments KW - porosimeters KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542647033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=NOx+Reduction+and+Ammonia+Generation+Over+Three-Way+Catalysts+and+LNTs+for+Use+in+Lean+Gasoline+Vehicles+Equipped+with+SCR&rft.au=Toops%2C+Todd%3BDigiulio%2C+Chris%3BParks%2C+James%3BPihl%2C+Josh%3BAmiridis%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Toops&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/ege LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquitards; autocorrelation; boundary conditions; Cambrian; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; characterization; clastic rocks; connectivity; Eau Claire Formation; glauconitic composition; grain size; greenhouse gases; Illinois; imagery; Indiana; instruments; mapping; mechanical properties; migration of elements; mineral composition; mitigation; Mount Simon Sandstone; mudstone; neutron methods; Ohio; Paleozoic; permeability; physical properties; porosimeters; porosity; preferential flow; reactive transport; reservoir rocks; rock mechanics; sedimentary rocks; simulation; statistical analysis; storage coefficient; stratigraphy; thermal properties; transport; United States; Upper Cambrian; Wisconsin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/eg.03031413012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reentrant condensation of lysozyme: Implications for studying dynamics of lysozyme in aqueous solutions of lithium chloride AN - 1516749144; 19514995 AB - Recent studies have outlined the use of eutectic solutions of lithium chloride in water to study microscopic dynamics of lysozyme in an aqueous solvent that is remarkably similar to pure water in many respects, yet allows experiments over a wide temperature range without solvent crystallization. The eutectic point in a (H sub(2)O) sub(R)(LiCl) system corresponds to R approximately 7.3, and it is of interest to investigate whether less-concentrated aqueous solutions of LiCl could be used in low-temperature studies of a solvated protein. We have investigated a range of concentrations of lysozyme and LiCl in aqueous solutions to identify systems that do not show phase separation and avoid solvent crystallization on cooling down. Compared to the lysozyme concentration in solution, the concentration of LiCl in the aqueous solvent plays the major role in determining systems suitable for low-temperature studies. We have observed interesting and rich phase behavior reminiscent of reentrant condensation of proteins. copyright 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 101: 624-629, 2014. JF - Biopolymers AU - Mamontov, Eugene AU - O'Neill, Hugh AD - Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831. Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - Jun 2014 SP - 624 EP - 629 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 101 IS - 6 SN - 0006-3525, 0006-3525 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - protein KW - water KW - solution KW - freezing KW - neutron scattering KW - Crystallization KW - Lysozyme KW - Lithium chloride KW - Solvents KW - Biopolymers KW - Condensation KW - Water temperature KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1516749144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biopolymers&rft.atitle=Reentrant+condensation+of+lysozyme%3A+Implications+for+studying+dynamics+of+lysozyme+in+aqueous+solutions+of+lithium+chloride&rft.au=Mamontov%2C+Eugene%3BO%27Neill%2C+Hugh&rft.aulast=Mamontov&rft.aufirst=Eugene&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=624&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biopolymers&rft.issn=00063525&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbip.22430 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crystallization; Lysozyme; Biopolymers; Solvents; Lithium chloride; Condensation; Water temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.22430 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Cross-Ecosystem Flux of Selenium by Emerging Mayflies Downstream of a Coal Ash Spill T2 - 2014 Joint Aquatic Sciences Meeting (JASM 2014) AN - 1548627206; 6293355 JF - 2014 Joint Aquatic Sciences Meeting (JASM 2014) AU - Smith, J AU - Baker, T AU - Jett, R Y1 - 2014/05/18/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 May 18 KW - Selenium KW - Ash KW - Downstream KW - Coal KW - Aquatic insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1548627206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Joint+Aquatic+Sciences+Meeting+%28JASM+2014%29&rft.atitle=Cross-Ecosystem+Flux+of+Selenium+by+Emerging+Mayflies+Downstream+of+a+Coal+Ash+Spill&rft.au=Smith%2C+J%3BBaker%2C+T%3BJett%2C+R&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-05-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Joint+Aquatic+Sciences+Meeting+%28JASM+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sgmeet.com/jasm2014/sessionlist.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Vertical Profiles of Peat Pore Water Chemistry in an Ombrotrophic Peatland and Expected Vulnerabilities to Climate Change T2 - 2014 Joint Aquatic Sciences Meeting (JASM 2014) AN - 1548626965; 6293340 JF - 2014 Joint Aquatic Sciences Meeting (JASM 2014) AU - Griffiths, N AU - Sebestyen, S Y1 - 2014/05/18/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 May 18 KW - Pore water KW - Peatlands KW - Climatic changes KW - Vulnerability KW - Vertical profiles KW - Peat UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1548626965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Quantum+Dot+Nanocrystals+for+Efficient+Solid-State+Lighting&rft.au=Hu%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sgmeet.com/jasm2014/sessionlist.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Effect of Legacy Mercury Contamination on Selenium Bioaccumulation at the Tennessee Valley Authority'S Kingston Coal Ash Spill Site T2 - 2014 Joint Aquatic Sciences Meeting (JASM 2014) AN - 1548623312; 6294126 JF - 2014 Joint Aquatic Sciences Meeting (JASM 2014) AU - Mathews, T AU - Smith, J AU - Fortner, A AU - Morris, J Y1 - 2014/05/18/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 May 18 KW - Selenium KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Contamination KW - Ash KW - Mercury KW - Coal KW - Valleys UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1548623312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Joint+Aquatic+Sciences+Meeting+%28JASM+2014%29&rft.atitle=The+Effect+of+Legacy+Mercury+Contamination+on+Selenium+Bioaccumulation+at+the+Tennessee+Valley+Authority%27S+Kingston+Coal+Ash+Spill+Site&rft.au=Mathews%2C+T%3BSmith%2C+J%3BFortner%2C+A%3BMorris%2C+J&rft.aulast=Mathews&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2014-05-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Joint+Aquatic+Sciences+Meeting+%28JASM+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sgmeet.com/jasm2014/sessionlist.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineering crassulacean acid metabolism to improve water-use efficiency AN - 1687685987; 20419132 AB - Climatic extremes threaten agricultural sustainability worldwide. One approach to increase plant water-use efficiency (WUE) is to introduce crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) into C sub(3) crops. Such a task requires comprehensive systems-level understanding of the enzymatic and regulatory pathways underpinning this temporal CO sub(2) pump. Here we review the progress that has been made in achieving this goal. Given that CAM arose through multiple independent evolutionary origins, comparative transcriptomics and genomics of taxonomically diverse CAM species are being used to define the genetic 'parts list' required to operate the core CAM functional modules of nocturnal carboxylation, diurnal decarboxylation, and inverse stomatal regulation. Engineered CAM offers the potential to sustain plant productivity for food, feed, fiber, and biofuel production in hotter and drier climates. JF - Trends in Plant Science AU - Borland, Anne M AU - Hartwell, James AU - Weston, David J AU - Schlauch, Karen A AU - Tschaplinski, Timothy J AU - Tuskan, Gerald A AU - Yang, Xiaohan AU - Cushman, John C AD - School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6407, USA, jcushman@unr.edu Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 327 EP - 338 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 19 IS - 5 SN - 1360-1385, 1360-1385 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - crassulacean acid metabolism KW - water-use efficiency KW - engineering CAM into C3 plants KW - biodesign KW - bioenergy KW - Climate KW - Carboxylation KW - Food plants KW - Crops KW - Fibers KW - Stomata KW - Reviews KW - genomics KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Evolution KW - Biofuels KW - Decarboxylation KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1687685987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Plant+Science&rft.atitle=Engineering+crassulacean+acid+metabolism+to+improve+water-use+efficiency&rft.au=Borland%2C+Anne+M%3BHartwell%2C+James%3BWeston%2C+David+J%3BSchlauch%2C+Karen+A%3BTschaplinski%2C+Timothy+J%3BTuskan%2C+Gerald+A%3BYang%2C+Xiaohan%3BCushman%2C+John+C&rft.aulast=Borland&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Plant+Science&rft.issn=13601385&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tplants.2014.01.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fibers; Stomata; Reviews; Carboxylation; Climate; genomics; Carbon dioxide; Food plants; Crops; Decarboxylation; Biofuels; Evolution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2014.01.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First elevated-temperature performance testing of coated particle fuel compacts from the AGR-1 irradiation experiment AN - 1559694849; 20284670 AB - In the AGR-1 irradiation experiment, 72 coated-particle fuel compacts were taken to a peak burnup of 19.5% fissions per initial metal atom with no in-pile failures. This paper discusses the first post-irradiation test of these mixed uranium oxide/uranium carbide fuel compacts at elevated temperature to examine the fuel performance under a simulated depressurized conduction cooldown event. A compact was heated for 400h at 1600[degrees]C. Release of [sup 85]Kr was monitored throughout the furnace test as an indicator of coating failure, while other fission product releases from the compact were periodically measured by capturing them on exchangeable, water-cooled deposition cups. This of the coating layers, but sufficient statistical sampling is not yet available to identify any possible correlation to variation in individual particle fission product retention. JF - Nuclear Engineering and Design AU - Baldwin, Charles A AU - Hunn, John D AU - Morris, Robert N AU - Montgomery, Fred C AU - Silva, Chinthaka M AU - Demkowicz, Paul A AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6295, USA baldwinca@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 131 EP - 141 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 271 SN - 0029-5493, 0029-5493 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Fission products KW - Coating KW - Irradiation KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Failure KW - Compacts KW - Nuclear reactor components UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1559694849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=First+elevated-temperature+performance+testing+of+coated+particle+fuel+compacts+from+the+AGR-1+irradiation+experiment&rft.au=Baldwin%2C+Charles+A%3BHunn%2C+John+D%3BMorris%2C+Robert+N%3BMontgomery%2C+Fred+C%3BSilva%2C+Chinthaka+M%3BDemkowicz%2C+Paul+A&rft.aulast=Baldwin&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=271&rft.issue=&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=00295493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.nucengdes.2013.11.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2013.11.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of neutron irradiation on the fracture toughness of graphite AN - 1559684038; 20284692 AB - As a part of our irradiated graphite recycle program a small quantity of PCEA grade graphite was irradiated in the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at ORNL The graphite will provide the "raw material" for future recycle experiments. The geometry of the irradiated graphite allowed us to study the effects of neutron irradiation on the critical stress intensity factor, K sub(lc), of graphite. The specimens were irradiated in two groups of 6 at an irradiation temperature of 900[degrees]C in "rabbit" capsules to doses of 6.6 and 10.2 dpa, respectively. Following a full suite of pre- and post-irradiation examination, which included dimensions, mass, electrical resistivity, elastic constants, and thermal expansion (to 800[degrees]C) the samples were notched and tested to determine their K sub(lc) using the newly approved ATSM test method for SENB fracture toughness of graphite. Here we report the irradiation induced changes in the dimensions, elastic constants, resistivity, and coefficient of thermal expansion of PCEA graphite. Moreover, irradiation induced changes in the critical stress intensity factor, K sub(lc), or fracture toughness, are reported and discussed. Very little work on the effect of neutron irradiation on the fracture toughness of graphite has previously be performed or reported. JF - Nuclear Engineering and Design AU - Burchell, T D AU - Strizak, J P AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6088, USA burchelltd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 262 EP - 269 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 271 SN - 0029-5493, 0029-5493 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Thermal expansion KW - Graphite KW - Stress intensity factor KW - Irradiation KW - Electrical resistivity KW - Neutron irradiation KW - Elastic constants KW - Fracture toughness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1559684038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Plausible+Implications+of+Hemicellulose+Precipitation+On+Cellulose+Digestibility+for+Hydrothermal+and+Low+Severity+Dilute+Acid+Pretreatments+of+Cellulosic+Biomass&rft.au=Kumar%2C+Rajeev%3BWyman%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Rajeev&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2013.11.046 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fabrication and characterization of driver-fuel particles, designed-to-fail fuel particles, and fuel compacts for the US AGR-3/4 irradiation test AN - 1559683920; 20284669 AB - Fuel compacts have been fabricated for the third in a series of irradiation tests designed to study tri-structural isotropic (TRISO) coated particle fuel performance in support of advanced gas-cooled reactor (AGR) development. The purpose of this third irradiation test, designated as AGR-3/4, is to measure fission product release and transport by irradiating compacts containing a small fraction of fuel particles that are intentionally designed to fail (DTF) early in the irradiation test. Transport of fission products released by the mixed uranium carbide/uranium oxide kernels within the DTF particles will be studied in the compact's carbon matrix and in cylindrical rings surrounding the compacts, which were made from either compact matrix material or structural graphite. Results will be used to refine fission product transport models. Coating of the 20-[mu]m-thick pyrocarbon-coated DTF and standard TRISO driver-fuel particles, fabrication of the fuel compacts containing these particles, and characterization of the key fuel properties are discussed in this paper. JF - Nuclear Engineering and Design AU - Hunn, John D AU - Lowden, Richard A AU - Miller, James H AU - Jolly, Brian C AU - Trammell, Michael P AU - Kercher, Andrew K AU - Montgomery, Fred C AU - Silva, Chinthaka M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6093, USA hunnjd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 123 EP - 130 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 271 SN - 0029-5493, 0029-5493 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Fission products KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Transport KW - Irradiation KW - Fuels KW - Compacts KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1559683920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Fabrication+and+characterization+of+driver-fuel+particles%2C+designed-to-fail+fuel+particles%2C+and+fuel+compacts+for+the+US+AGR-3%2F4+irradiation+test&rft.au=Hunn%2C+John+D%3BLowden%2C+Richard+A%3BMiller%2C+James+H%3BJolly%2C+Brian+C%3BTrammell%2C+Michael+P%3BKercher%2C+Andrew+K%3BMontgomery%2C+Fred+C%3BSilva%2C+Chinthaka+M&rft.aulast=Hunn&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=271&rft.issue=&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=00295493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.nucengdes.2013.11.020 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2013.11.020 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decomposition of added and native organic carbon from physically separated fractions of diverse soils AN - 1524408183; 19763393 AB - There have been increasing efforts to understand the dynamics of organic carbon (OC) associated with measurable fractions of bulk soil. We compared the decomposition of native OC (native C) with that of an added substrate (glucose) on physically separated fractions of a diverse suite of soils. Five soil orders were selected from four contrasting climate zones (Mollisol from temperate, Ultisol and Oxisol from tropics, Andisol from sub-arctic, and Gelisol from arctic region). Soils from the A horizon were fractionated into particulate OC (POC) and mineral-associated OC (MOC) by a size-based method. Fractions were incubated at 20 degree C and 50 % water-holding capacity in the dark after the addition of unlabeled d-glucose (0.4 mg C g super(-1) fraction) and U- super(14)C glucose (296 Bq g super(-1) fraction). Respiration of glucose super(14)C indicated 64 to 84 % of added glucose super(14)C which was respired from POC and 62 to 70 % from MOC within 150 days of incubation, with more than half of the cumulative respiration occurring within 4 days. Native C respiration varied widely across fractions: 12 to 46 % of native C was respired from POC and 3 to 10 % was respired from MOC fractions. This suggested that native C was more stabilized on the MOC than on the POC, but respiration from the added glucose was generally similar for MOC and POC fractions. Our study suggests a fundamental difference between the behavior of freshly added C and native C from MOC and POC fractions of soils. JF - Biology and Fertility of Soils AU - Jagadamma, Sindhu AU - Steinweg, JMegan AU - Mayes, Melanie A AU - Wang, Gangsheng AU - Post, Wilfred M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, PO Box 2008, MS 6036, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, jagadammas@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 613 EP - 621 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 50 IS - 4 SN - 0178-2762, 0178-2762 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Respiration KW - Climate KW - Glucose KW - Decomposition KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524408183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biology+and+Fertility+of+Soils&rft.atitle=Decomposition+of+added+and+native+organic+carbon+from+physically+separated+fractions+of+diverse+soils&rft.au=Jagadamma%2C+Sindhu%3BSteinweg%2C+JMegan%3BMayes%2C+Melanie+A%3BWang%2C+Gangsheng%3BPost%2C+Wilfred+M&rft.aulast=Jagadamma&rft.aufirst=Sindhu&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=613&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biology+and+Fertility+of+Soils&rft.issn=01782762&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00374-013-0879-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Carbon; Respiration; Climate; Glucose; Decomposition DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00374-013-0879-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrolysis of DFP and the nerve agent (S)-sarin by DFPase proceeds along two different reaction pathways: implications for engineering bioscavengers. AN - 1521327309; 24720808 AB - Organophosphorus (OP) nerve agents such as (S)-sarin are among the most highly toxic compounds that have been synthesized. Engineering enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nerve agents ("bioscavengers") is an emerging prophylactic approach to diminish their toxic effects. Although its native function is not known, diisopropyl fluorophosphatase (DFPase) from Loligo vulgaris catalyzes the hydrolysis of OP compounds. Here, we investigate the mechanisms of diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) and (S)-sarin hydrolysis by DFPase with quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical umbrella sampling simulations. We find that the mechanism for hydrolysis of DFP involves nucleophilic attack by Asp229 on phosphorus to form a pentavalent intermediate. P-F bond dissociation then yields a phosphoacyl enzyme intermediate in the rate-limiting step. The simulations suggest that a water molecule, coordinated to the catalytic Ca(2+), donates a proton to Asp121 and then attacks the tetrahedral phosphoacyl intermediate to liberate the diisopropylphosphate product. In contrast, the calculated free energy barrier for hydrolysis of (S)-sarin by the same mechanism is highly unfavorable, primarily because of the instability of the pentavalent phosphoenzyme species. Instead, simulations suggest that hydrolysis of (S)-sarin proceeds by a mechanism in which Asp229 could activate an intervening water molecule for nucleophilic attack on the substrate. These findings may lead to improved strategies for engineering DFPase and related six-bladed β-propeller folds for more efficient degradation of OP compounds. JF - The journal of physical chemistry. B AU - Wymore, Troy AU - Field, Martin J AU - Langan, Paul AU - Smith, Jeremy C AU - Parks, Jerry M AD - UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6309, United States. Y1 - 2014/05/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 May 01 SP - 4479 EP - 4489 VL - 118 IS - 17 KW - Chemical Warfare Agents KW - 0 KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Sarin KW - B4XG72QGFM KW - Phosphoric Triester Hydrolases KW - EC 3.1.8.- KW - diisopropyl-fluorophosphatase KW - EC 3.1.8.2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Thermodynamics KW - Models, Molecular KW - Loligo -- enzymology KW - Hydrolysis KW - Protein Conformation KW - Protein Engineering KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- metabolism KW - Isoflurophate -- metabolism KW - Sarin -- metabolism KW - Phosphoric Triester Hydrolases -- genetics KW - Phosphoric Triester Hydrolases -- metabolism KW - Phosphoric Triester Hydrolases -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1521327309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+journal+of+physical+chemistry.+B&rft.atitle=Hydrolysis+of+DFP+and+the+nerve+agent+%28S%29-sarin+by+DFPase+proceeds+along+two+different+reaction+pathways%3A+implications+for+engineering+bioscavengers.&rft.au=Wymore%2C+Troy%3BField%2C+Martin+J%3BLangan%2C+Paul%3BSmith%2C+Jeremy+C%3BParks%2C+Jerry+M&rft.aulast=Wymore&rft.aufirst=Troy&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-05-11 N1 - Date created - 2014-05-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001 Apr 7;1546(2):312-24 [11295437] Structure. 2001 Jun;9(6):493-502 [11435114] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2003 Oct;59(Pt 10):1744-54 [14501113] J Am Chem Soc. 2004 Jan 28;126(3):698-9 [14733527] Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2004 May;11(5):412-9 [15098021] J Comput Chem. 2004 Oct;25(13):1584-604 [15264253] Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Dec 1;68(11):2237-48 [15498514] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1967 Jul;121(1):29-34 [6068126] J Mol Biol. 1976 May 15;103(2):227-49 [985660] J Mol Graph. 1996 Feb;14(1):33-8, 27-8 [8744570] Biochemistry. 2005 Apr 26;44(16):6371-82 [15835926] Biochemistry. 2005 Jun 28;44(25):9022-33 [15966726] J Biol Chem. 2006 Mar 17;281(11):7649-56 [16407305] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Apr 11;103(15):5723-8 [16585534] Chem Rev. 2006 Aug;106(8):3188-209 [16895324] Chem Rev. 2006 Aug;106(8):3252-78 [16895327] J Am Chem Soc. 2006 Oct 4;128(39):12750-7 [17002369] J Mol Model. 2007 Dec;13(12):1173-213 [17828561] Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2008 May 14;10(18):2442-50 [18446244] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jan 20;106(3):713-8 [19136630] Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2009;48(7):1198-229 [19173328] Proteins. 2009 May 1;75(2):486-98 [18951406] J Comput Chem. 2009 Jul 30;30(10):1545-614 [19444816] Biochem Pharmacol. 2010 Feb 1;79(3):507-15 [19732756] J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Dec 2;131(47):17226-32 [19894712] J Am Chem Soc. 2010 Jul 14;132(27):9471-9 [20568751] Science. 2010 Jul 16;329(5989):309-13 [20647463] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2010 Nov;66(Pt 11):1131-8 [21041927] Nat Chem Biol. 2011 Feb;7(2):120-5 [21217689] Nature. 2011 Jan 20;469(7330):310-1 [21248836] J Comput Chem. 2011 May;32(7):1456-65 [21370243] Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 May 14;47(18):5295-7 [21451868] J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Jun 15;133(23):8934-41 [21539371] Toxicol Lett. 2011 Sep 25;206(1):5-13 [21524695] Proteins. 2011 Nov;79(11):3082-98 [21948213] Chem Biol. 2012 Apr 20;19(4):456-66 [22520752] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 May;1824(5):701-10 [22401958] Chemistry. 2012 Jul 27;18(31):9612-21 [22745111] Biochemistry. 2012 Aug 14;51(32):6463-75 [22809162] J Chem Inf Model. 2012 Dec 21;52(12):3155-68 [23145473] J Chem Inf Model. 2012 Dec 21;52(12):3144-54 [23146088] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Jan;1834(1):443-53 [22561533] BMC Res Notes. 2013;6:308 [23915572] ACS Chem Biol. 2013 Nov 15;8(11):2394-403 [24041203] Chem Biol Interact. 2013 Dec 5;206(3):536-44 [23811386] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp410422c ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Substrate and environmental controls on microbial assimilation of soil organic carbon: a framework for Earth system models AN - 1516741168; 19558424 AB - A mechanistic understanding of microbial assimilation of soil organic carbon is important to improve Earth system models' ability to simulate carbon-climate feedbacks. A simple modelling framework was developed to investigate how substrate quality and environmental controls over microbial activity regulate microbial assimilation of soil organic carbon and on the size of the microbial biomass. Substrate quality has a positive effect on microbial assimilation of soil organic carbon: higher substrate quality leads to higher ratio of microbial carbon to soil organic carbon. Microbial biomass carbon peaks and then declines as cumulative activity increases. The simulated ratios of soil microbial biomass to soil organic carbon are reasonably consistent with a recently compiled global data set at the biome level. The modelling framework developed in this study offers a simple approach to incorporate microbial contributions to the carbon cycling into Earth system models to simulate carbon-climate feedbacks and explain global patterns of microbial biomass. JF - Ecology Letters AU - Xu, Xiaofeng AU - Schimel, Joshua P AU - Thornton, Peter E AU - Song, Xia AU - Yuan, Fengming AU - Goswami, Santonu AD - Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division. Oak Ridge National Laboratory PY - 2014 SP - 547 EP - 555 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 17 IS - 5 SN - 1461-023X, 1461-023X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Organic carbon KW - Carbon cycle KW - Microbial activity KW - Soils (organic) KW - Biomass KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Feedback KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1516741168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology+Letters&rft.atitle=Substrate+and+environmental+controls+on+microbial+assimilation+of+soil+organic+carbon%3A+a+framework+for+Earth+system+models&rft.au=Xu%2C+Xiaofeng%3BSchimel%2C+Joshua+P%3BThornton%2C+Peter+E%3BSong%2C+Xia%3BYuan%2C+Fengming%3BGoswami%2C+Santonu&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Xiaofeng&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=547&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology+Letters&rft.issn=1461023X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fele.12254 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Data processing; Carbon; Carbon cycle; Feedback; Soils (organic); Biomass; Organic carbon; Microbial activity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.12254 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A boron isotope study of the Furnace Creek, California, borate district AN - 1507184675; 2014-018546 AB - About a third of the approximately 30 known deposits in the Furnace Creek, California, borate district reveal mineralogical zoning of borates. The deposits feature an Na-Ca borate (ulexite and/or probertite) inner zone (or zones) surrounded by Ca borate (colemanite). The remaining deposits consist essentially of colemanite. Investigators have debated the origin of the mineralogical zoning and the relationship, if any, between the zoned and colemanite-only deposits. The Ca and Na-Ca borate zoning has been characterized as either primary or formed by postdepositional alteration. Boron isotope analysis was applied to drill core samples from two zoned deposits, one non-zoned deposit, and selected samples from six other deposits accessed from surface and subsurface mine workings. Probertite samples from the inner regions of two zoned deposits yield delta (super 11) B values near 5 per mil, whereas most colemanite samples from both zoned and non-zoned deposits yield results near -1 per mil. The small delta (super 11) B range of most of the colemanite samples and their distribution from a grouping near 0 per mil to isotopically lighter values suggest a pattern formed by alteration from a common initial value. Based on the new isotopic data and existing sedimentologic and stratigraphic knowledge of the Furnace Creek borate deposits, it is proposed that the isotopically heavier boron of probertite in the inner zone of zoned deposits reflects the composition of the ancestral lake and its springs during an early stage of deposition of the laminated series of the Furnace Creek Formation. Furthermore, the isotopically lighter B of colemanite in zoned deposits reflects the alteration of earlier formed Na-Ca borate deposits by downward migrating lake water at a later stage of deposition of the laminated series. Some non-zoned Ca borate deposits may have been precipitated directly during the later stages. JF - Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists AU - Swihart, George H AU - Carpenter, Steven B AU - Xiao, Yun AU - McBay, Eddie H AU - Smith, David H AU - Xiao, Yingkai Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 567 EP - 580 PB - Economic Geology Publishing Company, Lancaster, PA VL - 109 IS - 3 SN - 0361-0128, 0361-0128 KW - United States KW - alteration KW - Furnace Creek basin KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - borate deposits KW - crystal structure KW - borates KW - stable isotopes KW - cores KW - variations KW - temperature KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - mineral composition KW - Mausoleum Deposit KW - sampling KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - zoning KW - pH KW - Furnace Creek Formation KW - Furnace Creek Wash KW - Cemetary Deposit KW - boron deposits KW - Miocene KW - Tertiary KW - Southern California KW - precipitation KW - Neogene KW - B-11/B-10 KW - Furnace Creek mining district KW - Pliocene KW - boron KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 26A:Economic geology, general, deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1507184675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Economic+Geology+and+the+Bulletin+of+the+Society+of+Economic+Geologists&rft.atitle=A+boron+isotope+study+of+the+Furnace+Creek%2C+California%2C+borate+district&rft.au=Swihart%2C+George+H%3BCarpenter%2C+Steven+B%3BXiao%2C+Yun%3BMcBay%2C+Eddie+H%3BSmith%2C+David+H%3BXiao%2C+Yingkai&rft.aulast=Swihart&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Economic+Geology+and+the+Bulletin+of+the+Society+of+Economic+Geologists&rft.issn=03610128&rft_id=info:doi/10.2113%2Fecongeo.109.3.567 L2 - http://www.segweb.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Society of Economic Geologists | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. chart, 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - ECGLAL N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; B-11/B-10; borate deposits; borates; boron; boron deposits; California; Cemetary Deposit; Cenozoic; chemical composition; cores; crystal structure; Furnace Creek basin; Furnace Creek Formation; Furnace Creek mining district; Furnace Creek Wash; isotopes; mass spectra; Mausoleum Deposit; mineral composition; Miocene; Neogene; pH; Pliocene; precipitation; sampling; Southern California; spectra; stable isotopes; temperature; Tertiary; United States; variations; zoning DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.109.3.567 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NH sub(3) formation over a lean NOx trap (LNT) system: Effects of lean/rich cycle timing and temperature AN - 1678013918; 20030222 AB - A commercial lean NO[subx] trap (LNT) catalyst containing Pt, Pd, Rh, BaO, and CeO[sub 2] was evaluated in this investigation. The effects of lean/rich cycle timing on the NO[subx], CO and C[sub 3]H[sub 6] conversions and on the NH[sub 3] and N[sub 2]O selectivities were considered. Two distinct lean/rich cycling regimes were identified. At low temperatures, NO[subx] release and reduction were relatively slow processes. As a result, a longer, lower-concentration rich dose favored increased cycle averaged NO[subx] conversions. For example, extending the rich period from 5 to 15 s at 250 [degrees]C, while holding the overall reductant dose constant, resulted in an increase in cycle averaged NO[subx] conversion from 59 to 87%. At high temperatures, the opposite was found to be true. JF - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental AU - DiGiulio, Christopher D AU - Pihl, Josh A AU - Choi, Jae-Soon AU - Parks, James E, II AU - Lance, Michael J AU - Toops, Todd J AU - Amiridis, Michael D AD - University of South Carolina, Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia, SC 29208, USA Y1 - 2014/04/05/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Apr 05 SP - 698 EP - 710 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 147 SN - 0926-3373, 0926-3373 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); METADEX (MD); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - NO reduction KW - Lean NOx trap (LNT) KW - Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) KW - LNT-SCR KW - NH3 formation KW - Time measurements KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Cycles KW - Platinum KW - Conversion KW - Selectivity KW - Palladium KW - Catalysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1678013918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Catalysis+B%3A+Environmental&rft.atitle=NH+sub%283%29+formation+over+a+lean+NOx+trap+%28LNT%29+system%3A+Effects+of+lean%2Frich+cycle+timing+and+temperature&rft.au=DiGiulio%2C+Christopher+D%3BPihl%2C+Josh+A%3BChoi%2C+Jae-Soon%3BParks%2C+James+E%2C+II%3BLance%2C+Michael+J%3BToops%2C+Todd+J%3BAmiridis%2C+Michael+D&rft.aulast=DiGiulio&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2014-04-05&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=779&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=03421791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00269-012-0532-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.09.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aberration-Corrected X-Ray Spectrum Imaging and Fresnel Contrast to Differentiate Nanoclusters and Cavities in Helium-Irradiated Alloy 14YWT AN - 1846408548; PQ0003835928 AB - Helium accumulation negatively impacts structural materials used in neutron-irradiated environments, such as fission and fusion reactors. Next-generation fission and fusion reactors will require structural materials, such as steels, that are resistant to large neutron doses yet see service temperatures in the range most affected by helium embrittlement. Previous work has indicated the difficulty of experimentally differentiating nanometer-sized cavities such as helium bubbles from the Ti-Y-O rich nanoclusters (NCs) in radiation-tolerant nanostructured ferritic alloys (NFAs). Because the NCs are expected to sequester helium away from grain boundaries and reduce embrittlement, experimental methods to study simultaneously the NC and bubble populations are needed. In this study, aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) results combining high-collection-efficiency X-ray spectrum images (SIs), multivariate statistical analysis (MVSA), and Fresnel-contrast bright-field STEM imaging, have been used for such a purpose. Fresnel-contrast imaging, with careful attention to TEM-STEM reciprocity, differentiates bubbles from NCs. MVSA of X-ray SIs unambiguously identifies NCs. Therefore, combined Fresnel-contrast STEM and X-ray SI is an effective STEM-based method to characterize helium-bearing NFAs. JF - Microscopy and Microanalysis AU - Parish, Chad M AU - Miller, Michael K AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, parishcm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 613 EP - 626 PB - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU United Kingdom VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 1431-9276, 1431-9276 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cavities KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Statistical analysis KW - Temperature requirements KW - imaging KW - Neutrons KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Boundaries KW - Grain KW - Helium KW - alloys KW - Steel KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846408548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microscopy+and+Microanalysis&rft.atitle=Aberration-Corrected+X-Ray+Spectrum+Imaging+and+Fresnel+Contrast+to+Differentiate+Nanoclusters+and+Cavities+in+Helium-Irradiated+Alloy+14YWT&rft.au=Parish%2C+Chad+M%3BMiller%2C+Michael+K&rft.aulast=Parish&rft.aufirst=Chad&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=613&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microscopy+and+Microanalysis&rft.issn=14319276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS1431927614000312 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 101 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Neutrons; Cavities; Transmission electron microscopy; Ionizing radiation; Temperature requirements; Grain; Statistical analysis; Boundaries; Helium; alloys; Steel; imaging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1431927614000312 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative Electrochemical Measurements Using In Situ ec-S/TEM Devices AN - 1846408419; PQ0003835946 AB - Insight into dynamic electrochemical processes can be obtained with in situ electrochemical-scanning/transmission electron microscopy (ec-S/TEM), a technique that utilizes microfluidic electrochemical cells to characterize electrochemical processes with S/TEM imaging, diffraction, or spectroscopy. The microfluidic electrochemical cell is composed of microfabricated devices with glassy carbon and platinum microband electrodes in a three-electrode cell configuration. To establish the validity of this method for quantitative in situ electrochemistry research, cyclic voltammetry (CV), choronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were performed using a standard one electron transfer redox couple [Fe(CN) sub(6)] super(3-/4-)-based electrolyte. Established relationships of the electrode geometry and microfluidic conditions were fitted with CV and chronoamperometic measurements of analyte diffusion coefficients and were found to agree with well-accepted values that are on the order of 10 super(-5) cm super(2)/s. Influence of the electron beam on electrochemical measurements was found to be negligible during CV scans where the current profile varied only within a few nA with the electron beam on and off, which is well within the hysteresis between multiple CV scans. The combination of experimental results provides a validation that quantitative electrochemistry experiments can be performed with these small-scale microfluidic electrochemical cells provided that accurate geometrical electrode configurations, diffusion boundary layers, and microfluidic conditions are accounted for. JF - Microscopy and Microanalysis AU - Unocic, Raymond R AU - Sacci, Robert L AU - Brown, Gilbert M AU - Veith, Gabriel M AU - Dudney, Nancy J AU - More, Karren L AU - Walden, Franklin S AU - Gardiner, Daniel S AU - Damiano, John AU - Nackashi, David P AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, unocicrr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 452 EP - 461 PB - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU United Kingdom VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 1431-9276, 1431-9276 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Redox properties KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Hysteresis KW - Electron transfer KW - Spectroscopy KW - imaging KW - Microfluidics KW - Carbon KW - Boundary layers KW - Electrodes KW - Platinum KW - Diffusion coefficient KW - Diffraction KW - Electrochemistry KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846408419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microscopy+and+Microanalysis&rft.atitle=Quantitative+Electrochemical+Measurements+Using+In+Situ+ec-S%2FTEM+Devices&rft.au=Unocic%2C+Raymond+R%3BSacci%2C+Robert+L%3BBrown%2C+Gilbert+M%3BVeith%2C+Gabriel+M%3BDudney%2C+Nancy+J%3BMore%2C+Karren+L%3BWalden%2C+Franklin+S%3BGardiner%2C+Daniel+S%3BDamiano%2C+John%3BNackashi%2C+David+P&rft.aulast=Unocic&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=452&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microscopy+and+Microanalysis&rft.issn=14319276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS1431927614000166 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Redox properties; Transmission electron microscopy; Hysteresis; Spectroscopy; Electron transfer; imaging; Microfluidics; Carbon; Boundary layers; Electrodes; Platinum; Diffraction; Diffusion coefficient; Electrochemistry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1431927614000166 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impacts of recent permafrost thaw on land-atmosphere greenhouse gas exchange AN - 1705084146; PQ0001831891 AB - Permafrost thaw and the subsequent mobilization of carbon (C) stored in previously frozen soil organic matter (SOM) have the potential to be a strong positive feedback to climate. As the northern permafrost region experiences as much as a doubling of the rate of warming as the rest of the Earth, the vast amount of C in permafrost soils is vulnerable to thaw, decomposition and release as atmospheric greenhouse gases. Diagnostic and predictive estimates of high-latitude terrestrial C fluxes vary widely among different models depending on how dynamics in permafrost, and the seasonally thawed 'active layer' above it, are represented. Here, we employ a process-based model simulation experiment to assess the net effect of active layer dynamics on this 'permafrost carbon feedback' in recent decades, from 1970 to 2006, over the circumpolar domain of continuous and discontinuous permafrost. Over this time period, the model estimates a mean increase of 6.8 cm in active layer thickness across the domain, which exposes a total of 11.6 Pg C of thawed SOM to decomposition. According to our simulation experiment, mobilization of this previously frozen C results in an estimated cumulative net source of 3.7 Pg C to the atmosphere since 1970 directly tied to active layer dynamics. Enhanced decomposition from the newly exposed SOM accounts for the release of both CO sub(2) (4.0 Pg C) and CH sub(4) (0.03 Pg C), but is partially compensated by CO sub(2) uptake (0.3 Pg C) associated with enhanced net primary production of vegetation. This estimated net C transfer to the atmosphere from permafrost thaw represents a significant factor in the overall ecosystem carbon budget of the Pan-Arctic, and a non-trivial additional contribution on top of the combined fossil fuel emissions from the eight Arctic nations over this time period. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Hayes, Daniel J AU - Kicklighter, David W AU - McGuire, A David AU - Chen, Min AU - Zhuang, Qianlai AU - Yuan, Fengming AU - Melillo, Jerry M AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AD - Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, hayesdj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - permafrost KW - carbon KW - arctic KW - boreal KW - modeling KW - Frozen soil KW - Active layer KW - Permafrost KW - Environmental research KW - Positive feedback KW - Permafrost soils KW - Atmosphere KW - Decomposition KW - Primary production KW - Soil KW - Methane in the atmosphere KW - Permafrost thaws KW - Emissions KW - Vulnerability KW - Methane KW - Organic matter KW - Climate KW - Simulation KW - Polar environments KW - PN, Arctic KW - Numerical simulations KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Land-atmosphere interaction KW - Thaws KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Arctic ecology KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705084146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Coal+Geology&rft.atitle=Pore+size+distribution+and+accessible+pore+size+distribution+in+bituminous+coals&rft.au=Sakurovs%2C+Richard%3BHe%2C+Lilin%3BMelnichenko%2C+Yuri+B%3BRadlinski%2C+Andrzej+P%3BBlach%2C+Tomas%3BLemmel%2C+Hartmut%3BMildner%2C+David+F+R&rft.aulast=Sakurovs&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2012-10-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Coal+Geology&rft.issn=01665162&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.coal.2012.06.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Frozen soil; Active layer; Permafrost; Positive feedback; Environmental research; Permafrost soils; Primary production; Methane in the atmosphere; Numerical simulations; Permafrost thaws; Greenhouse gases; Thaws; Land-atmosphere interaction; Arctic ecology; Methane; Organic matter; Climate; Simulation; Polar environments; Decomposition; Atmosphere; Soil; Emissions; Vulnerability; Carbon dioxide; PN, Arctic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/4/045005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic matter transformation in the peat column at Marcell Experimental Forest; humification and vertical stratification AN - 1703694430; 2015-075183 AB - We characterized peat decomposition at the Marcell Experimental Forest (MEF), Minnesota, USA, to a depth of 2 m to ascertain the underlying chemical changes using Fourier transform infrared (FT IR) and (super 13) C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy) and related these changes to decomposition proxies C:N ratio, delta (super 13) C and delta (super 15) N, bulk density, and water content. FT IR determined that peat humification increased rapidly between 30 and 75 cm, indicating a highly reactive intermediate-depth zone consistent with changes in C:N ratio, delta (super 13) C and delta (super 15) N, bulk density, and water content. Peat decomposition at the MEF, especially in the intermediate-depth zone, is mainly characterized by preferential utilization of O-alkyl-C, carboxyl-C, and other oxygenated functionalities with a concomitant increase in the abundance of alkyl- and nitrogen-containing compounds. Below 75 cm, less change was observed but aromatic functionalities and lignin accumulated with depth. Significant correlations with humification indices, identified by FT IR spectroscopy, were found for C:N ratios. Incubation studies at 22 degrees C revealed the highest methane production rates, greatest CH (sub 4) :CO (sub 2) production ratios, and significant O-alkyl-C utilization within this 30 and 75 cm zone. Oxygen-containing functionalities, especially O-alkyl-C, appear to serve as excellent proxies for soil decomposition rate and should be a sensitive indicator of the response of the solid phase peat to increased temperatures caused by climate change and the field study manipulations that are planned to occur at this site. Radiocarbon signatures of microbial respiration products in deeper pore waters at the MEF resembled the signatures of more modern dissolved organic carbon rather than solid phase peat, indicating that recently photosynthesized organic matter fueled the bulk of subsurface microbial respiration. These results indicate that carbon cycling at depth at the MEF is not isolated from surface processes. Abstract Copyright (2014), American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences AU - Tfaily, Malak M AU - Cooper, William T AU - Kostka, Joel E AU - Chanton, Patrick R AU - Schadt, Christopher W AU - Hanson, Paul J AU - Iversen, Colleen M AU - Chanton, Jeffrey P Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 661 EP - 675 PB - Wiley-Blackwell for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 119 IS - 4 SN - 2169-8953, 2169-8953 KW - United States KW - respiration KW - peatlands KW - lignin KW - isotopes KW - Marcell Experimental Forest KW - humification KW - stable isotopes KW - NMR spectra KW - climate change KW - nitrogen KW - infrared spectra KW - FTIR spectra KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - water content KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - bogs KW - Minnesota KW - soil profiles KW - N-15/N-14 KW - carbon sequestration KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - geochemical cycle KW - peat KW - organic compounds KW - mires KW - stratification KW - C-13 KW - carbon cycle KW - pore water KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703694430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Organic+matter+transformation+in+the+peat+column+at+Marcell+Experimental+Forest%3B+humification+and+vertical+stratification&rft.au=Tfaily%2C+Malak+M%3BCooper%2C+William+T%3BKostka%2C+Joel+E%3BChanton%2C+Patrick+R%3BSchadt%2C+Christopher+W%3BHanson%2C+Paul+J%3BIversen%2C+Colleen+M%3BChanton%2C+Jeffrey+P&rft.aulast=Tfaily&rft.aufirst=Malak&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=661&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Biogeosciences&rft.issn=21698953&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013JG002492 L2 - http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-JGRG.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bogs; C-13; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon sequestration; climate change; FTIR spectra; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; humification; infrared spectra; isotope ratios; isotopes; lignin; Marcell Experimental Forest; Minnesota; mires; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; NMR spectra; organic compounds; peat; peatlands; pore water; respiration; sediments; soil profiles; spectra; stable isotopes; stratification; United States; water content DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013JG002492 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A modeling study of coastal inundation induced by storm surge, sea-level rise, and subsidence in the Gulf of Mexico AN - 1648905636; 2015-009051 AB - The northern coasts of the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) are highly vulnerable to the direct threats of climate change, such as hurricane-induced storm surge, and such risks are exacerbated by land subsidence and global sea-level rise. This paper presents an application of a coastal storm surge model to study the coastal inundation process induced by tide and storm surge, and its response to the effects of land subsidence and sea-level rise in the northern Gulf coast. The unstructured-grid finite-volume coastal ocean model was used to simulate tides and hurricane-induced storm surges in the GoM. Simulated distributions of co-amplitude and co-phase lines for semi-diurnal and diurnal tides are in good agreement with previous modeling studies. The storm surges induced by four historical hurricanes (Rita, Katrina, Ivan, and Dolly) were simulated and compared to observed water levels at National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration tide stations. Effects of coastal subsidence and future global sea-level rise on coastal inundation in the Louisiana coast were evaluated using a "change of inundation depth" parameter through sensitivity simulations that were based on a projected future subsidence scenario and 1-m global sea-level rise by the end of the century. Model results suggested that hurricane-induced storm surge height and coastal inundation could be exacerbated by future global sea-level rise and subsidence, and that responses of storm surge and coastal inundation to the effects of sea-level rise and subsidence are highly nonlinear and vary on temporal and spatial scales. Copyright 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and 2013 US Government JF - Natural Hazards AU - Yang, Zhaoqing AU - Wang, Taiping AU - Leung, Ruby AU - Hibbard, Kathy AU - Janetos, Tony AU - Kraucunas, Ian AU - Rice, Jennie AU - Preston, Benjamin AU - Wilbanks, Tom Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 1771 EP - 1794 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 71 IS - 3 SN - 0921-030X, 0921-030X KW - Hurricane Katrina KW - geologic hazards KW - data processing KW - mathematical models KW - land subsidence KW - equations KW - cyclones KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - sea-level changes KW - transgression KW - digital simulation KW - natural hazards KW - floods KW - coastal environment KW - storms KW - storm surges KW - North Atlantic KW - hurricanes KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1648905636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+Hazards&rft.atitle=A+modeling+study+of+coastal+inundation+induced+by+storm+surge%2C+sea-level+rise%2C+and+subsidence+in+the+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Yang%2C+Zhaoqing%3BWang%2C+Taiping%3BLeung%2C+Ruby%3BHibbard%2C+Kathy%3BJanetos%2C+Tony%3BKraucunas%2C+Ian%3BRice%2C+Jennie%3BPreston%2C+Benjamin%3BWilbanks%2C+Tom&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Zhaoqing&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1771&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Natural+Hazards&rft.issn=0921030X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11069-013-0974-6 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(j0cav1mkaqwmj255qh105vjp)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:102967,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; coastal environment; cyclones; data processing; digital simulation; equations; floods; geologic hazards; Gulf of Mexico; Hurricane Katrina; hurricanes; land subsidence; mathematical models; natural hazards; North Atlantic; sea-level changes; storm surges; storms; transgression DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-013-0974-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermo-mechanical analysis of LWR SiC/SiC composite cladding AN - 1554954167; 20219519 AB - A dedicated framework for thermo-mechanical analysis of the in-pile performance of SiC/SiC composite fuel cladding concepts in LWRs has been developed. This analysis framework focuses on cladding and omits any fuel-cladding interaction and fuel behavior. Since radial expansion of the cladding occurs early in life for these ceramic structures, fuel-cladding contact is expected to be delayed or eliminated and therefore it is not considered in this analysis. The analysis inputs recent out-of-pile and in-pile materials property data and phenomenological understanding of material evolution under neutron irradiation for nuclear-grade SiC/SiC composites to provide a best-estimate analysis. The analysis provides insight into the concept design and feasibility of SiC/SiC composite cladding concepts that exhibit significantly different behavior than metallic cladding structures. In particular, absence of any tangible creep (thermal or irradiation) coupled with a large and temperature-gradient-driven irradiation swelling strain gradient across the cladding, drive development of large stresses across the cladding thickness. The resulting analysis indicates that significant stresses develop after a modest neutron dose (~1 dpa) and a pronounced variation across the cladding thickness exists and is opposite to that observed for metallic cladding structures where swelling or growth strains are either negligible (with small temperature dependence) or absent. Following this thermo-mechanical analysis, a best-estimate and parametric examination of SiC/SiC fuel rod cladding structures has been performed using appropriate Weibull statistics to prescribe basic design guidelines and to begin to define a probable design space. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Ben-Belgacem, M AU - Richet, V AU - A Terrani, K AU - Katoh, Y AU - Snead, L L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau Cedex 91128, France, terramka@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - Apr 2014 SP - 125 EP - 142 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 447 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Ceramics KW - Feasibility studies KW - Composite materials KW - Creep KW - Irradiation KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Guidelines KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Stress KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1554954167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Thermo-mechanical+analysis+of+LWR+SiC%2FSiC+composite+cladding&rft.au=Ben-Belgacem%2C+M%3BRichet%2C+V%3BA+Terrani%2C+K%3BKatoh%2C+Y%3BSnead%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Ben-Belgacem&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=447&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.01.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feasibility studies; Ceramics; Composite materials; Creep; Fuels; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Guidelines; Nuclear fuels; Temperature; Stress DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.01.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bis(fluoromalonato)borate (BFMB) anion based ionic liquid as an additive for lithium-ion battery electrolytes AN - 1524412394; 19761655 AB - Propylene carbonate (PC) is a good solvent for lithium ion battery applications due to its low melting point and high dielectric constant. However, PC is easily intercalated into graphite causing it to exfoliate, killing its electrochemical performance. Here we report on the synthesis of a new ionic liquid electrolyte based on partially fluorinated borate anion, 1-butyl-1,2-dimethylimidazolium bis(fluoromalonato)borate (BDMIm.BFMB), which can be used as an additive in 1 M LiPF sub(6)/PC electrolyte to suppress graphite exfoliation and improve cycling performance. In addition, both PC and BDMIm.BFMB can be used synergistically as additive to 1.0 M LiPF sub(6)/methyl isopropyl sulfone (MIPS) to dramatically improve its cycling performance. It is also found that the chemistry nature of the ionic liquids has dramatic effect on their role as additive in PC based electrolyte. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Sun, Xiao-Guang AU - Liao, Chen AU - Baggetto, Loic AU - Guo, Bingkun AU - Unocic, Raymond R AU - Veith, Gabriel M AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Chemical Sciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; One Bethel Valley Road; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA; +1 865 576 5235; +1 865 241 8822; , sunx@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - Apr 2014 SP - 7606 EP - 7614 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 2 IS - 20 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Melting point KW - Electrolytes KW - Anions KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Solvents KW - Electrochemistry KW - Additives KW - Sustainability KW - Lithium KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524412394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Bis%28fluoromalonato%29borate+%28BFMB%29+anion+based+ionic+liquid+as+an+additive+for+lithium-ion+battery+electrolytes&rft.au=Sun%2C+Xiao-Guang%3BLiao%2C+Chen%3BBaggetto%2C+Loic%3BGuo%2C+Bingkun%3BUnocic%2C+Raymond+R%3BVeith%2C+Gabriel+M%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Xiao-Guang&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=7606&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta14943a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Melting point; Electrolytes; Anions; Batteries; Energy; Solvents; Electrochemistry; Additives; Lithium; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta14943a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atomic-scale origin of the large grain-boundary resistance in perovskite Li-ion-conducting solid electrolytes AN - 1524408049; 19751550 AB - Li-ion-conducting solid electrolytes are the potential solution to the severe safety issues that occur with conventional batteries based on solvent-based electrolytes. The ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes is in general too low, however, due to a high grain-boundary (GB) resistance. A thorough understanding of the ionic transport mechanism at GBs in these materials is critical for a revolutionary development of next-generation Li batteries. Herein we present the first atomic-scale study to reveal the origin of the large GB resistance; (Li sub(3x)La sub(2/3-x))TiO sub(3) was chosen as a prototype material to demonstrate the concept. A strikingly severe structural and chemical deviation of about 2-3 unit cells thick was revealed at the grain boundaries. Instead of preserving the ABO sub(3) perovskite framework, such GBs were shown to consist of a binary Ti-O compound, which prohibits the abundance and transport of the charge carrier Li super(+). This observation has led to a potential strategy for tailoring the grain boundary structures. This study points out, for the first time, the importance of the atomic-scale grain-boundary modification to the macroscopic Li super(+) conductivity. Such a discovery paves the way for the search and design of solid electrolytes with superior performance. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Ma, Cheng AU - Chen, Kai AU - Liang, Chengdu AU - Nan, Ce-Wen AU - Ishikawa, Ryo AU - More, Karren AU - Chi, Miaofang AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; Tennessee 37831; USA; , chim@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - Apr 2014 SP - 1638 EP - 1642 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - Safety engineering KW - Prototypes KW - Energy KW - Safety KW - Abundance KW - Grains KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524408049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Atomic-scale+origin+of+the+large+grain-boundary+resistance+in+perovskite+Li-ion-conducting+solid+electrolytes&rft.au=Ma%2C+Cheng%3BChen%2C+Kai%3BLiang%2C+Chengdu%3BNan%2C+Ce-Wen%3BIshikawa%2C+Ryo%3BMore%2C+Karren%3BChi%2C+Miaofang&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Cheng&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1638&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4ee00382a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electrolytes; Safety engineering; Batteries; Prototypes; Energy; Abundance; Safety; Grains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ee00382a ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Bio-Oil Properties and Effects on Containment Materials T2 - 2014 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2014) AN - 1518616525; 6286696 JF - 2014 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2014) AU - Keiser, James AU - Brady, Michael AU - Connatser, Raynella AU - Lewis, Samuel Y1 - 2014/03/09/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Mar 09 KW - Containment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1518616525?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2014%29&rft.atitle=Bio-Oil+Properties+and+Effects+on+Containment+Materials&rft.au=Keiser%2C+James%3BBrady%2C+Michael%3BConnatser%2C+Raynella%3BLewis%2C+Samuel&rft.aulast=Keiser&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2014-03-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://events.nace.org/conferences/C2014/images_welcome/C2014FinalProgram.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-23 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-24 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Use of Model Alloys to Study the Effect of Alloy Composition on Steam and Fireside Corrosion T2 - 2014 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2014) AN - 1518615486; 6286683 JF - 2014 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2014) AU - Pint, Bruce Y1 - 2014/03/09/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Mar 09 KW - Steam KW - Corrosion KW - Alloys KW - alloys KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1518615486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2014%29&rft.atitle=The+Use+of+Model+Alloys+to+Study+the+Effect+of+Alloy+Composition+on+Steam+and+Fireside+Corrosion&rft.au=Pint%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Pint&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2014-03-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://events.nace.org/conferences/C2014/images_welcome/C2014FinalProgram.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-23 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-24 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Advanced Characterization of Mg Alloy Surface Films T2 - 2014 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2014) AN - 1518614883; 6286937 JF - 2014 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2014) AU - Brady, Michael AU - Davis, Bruce AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Song, Guang-Ling AU - Meyer III, Harry AU - Keiser, James AU - Thomson, Jeff AU - Unocic, Kinga AU - Anovitz, Lawrence AU - Fayek, Mostafa Y1 - 2014/03/09/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Mar 09 KW - Surface films KW - Alloys KW - alloys KW - Films UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1518614883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2014%29&rft.atitle=Advanced+Characterization+of+Mg+Alloy+Surface+Films&rft.au=Brady%2C+Michael%3BDavis%2C+Bruce%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BSong%2C+Guang-Ling%3BMeyer+III%2C+Harry%3BKeiser%2C+James%3BThomson%2C+Jeff%3BUnocic%2C+Kinga%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence%3BFayek%2C+Mostafa&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2014-03-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F7%2F3%2F035702 L2 - http://events.nace.org/conferences/C2014/images_welcome/C2014FinalProgram.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-23 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fiber optic acoustic sensing (FOAS) far-field observations of SPE 3 AN - 1756506800; 2015-120509 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Mellors, R J AU - Pitarka, A AU - Kuhn, M AU - Stinson, B AU - Ford, Sean R AU - Snelson, C AU - Drachenberg, D Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 450 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - acoustical methods KW - technology KW - fiber optic acoustic sensing KW - geophysical methods KW - instruments KW - seismic methods KW - observations KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756506800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Fiber+optic+acoustic+sensing+%28FOAS%29+far-field+observations+of+SPE+3&rft.au=Mellors%2C+R+J%3BPitarka%2C+A%3BKuhn%2C+M%3BStinson%2C+B%3BFord%2C+Sean+R%3BSnelson%2C+C%3BDrachenberg%2C+D&rft.aulast=Mellors&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2014 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; fiber optic acoustic sensing; geophysical methods; instruments; observations; seismic methods; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental determination of the speciation, partitioning, and release of perrhenate as a chemical surrogate for pertechnetate from a sodalite-bearing multiphase ceramic waste form AN - 1560082031; 2014-065781 AB - A key component to closing the nuclear fuel cycle is the storage and disposition of nuclear waste in geologic systems. Multiphase ceramic waste forms have been studied extensively as a potential host matrix for nuclear waste. Understanding the speciation, partitioning, and release behavior of radionuclides immobilized in multiphase ceramic waste forms is a critical aspect of developing the scientific and technical basis for nuclear waste management. In this study, we evaluated a sodalite-bearing multiphase ceramic waste form (i.e., fluidized-bed steam reform sodium aluminosilicate [FBSR NAS] product) as a potential host matrix for long-lived radionuclides, such as technetium ( (super 99) Tc). The FBSR NAS material consists primarily of nepheline (ideally NaAlSiO (sub 4) ), anion-bearing sodalites (ideally M (sub 8) [Al (sub 6) Si (sub 6) O (sub 24) ]X (sub 2) , where M refers to alkali and alkaline earth cations and X refers to monovalent anions), and nosean (ideally Na (sub 8) [AlSiO (sub 4) ] (sub 6) SO (sub 4) ). Bulk X-ray absorption fine structure analysis of the multiphase ceramic waste form, suggest rhenium (Re) is in the Re(VII) oxidation state and has partitioned to a Re-bearing sodalite phase (most likely a perrhenate sodalite Na (sub 8) [Al (sub 6) Si (sub 6) O (sub 24) ](ReO (sub 4) ) (sub 2) ). Rhenium was added as a chemical surrogate for (super 99) Tc during the FBSR NAS synthesis process. The weathering behavior of the FBSR NAS material was evaluated under hydraulically unsaturated conditions with deionized water at 90 degrees C. The steady-state Al, Na, and Si concentrations suggests the weathering mechanisms are consistent with what has been observed for other aluminosilicate minerals and include a combination of ion exchange, network hydrolysis, and the formation of an enriched-silica surface layer or phase. The steady-state S and Re concentrations are within an order of magnitude of the nosean and perrhenate sodalite solubility, respectively. The order of magnitude difference between the observed and predicted concentration for Re and S may be associated with the fact that the anion-bearing sodalites contained in the multiphase ceramic matrix are present as mixed-anion sodalite phases. These results suggest the multiphase FBSR NAS material may be a viable host matrix for long-lived, highly mobilie radionuclides which is a critical aspect in the management of nuclear waste. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Pierce, E M AU - Lukens, W W AU - Fitts, J P AU - Jantzen, C M AU - Tang, G Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 47 EP - 59 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 42 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - silicates KW - hazardous waste KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - rhenium KW - data processing KW - phase transitions KW - ions KW - radioactive waste KW - XANES spectra KW - environmental management KW - waste management KW - partitioning KW - sodalite group KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - ceramic materials KW - corrosion KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - X-ray spectra KW - perrhenate ion KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - EXAFS data KW - sodalite KW - pertechnetate ion KW - waste disposal KW - crystal chemistry KW - SEM data KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560082031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Experimental+determination+of+the+speciation%2C+partitioning%2C+and+release+of+perrhenate+as+a+chemical+surrogate+for+pertechnetate+from+a+sodalite-bearing+multiphase+ceramic+waste+form&rft.au=Pierce%2C+E+M%3BLukens%2C+W+W%3BFitts%2C+J+P%3BJantzen%2C+C+M%3BTang%2C+G&rft.aulast=Pierce&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2013.12.017 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 74 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ceramic materials; chemical composition; chemical fractionation; corrosion; crystal chemistry; data processing; environmental management; EXAFS data; experimental studies; framework silicates; hazardous waste; ions; mathematical methods; metals; oxidation; partitioning; perrhenate ion; pertechnetate ion; phase transitions; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; rhenium; SEM data; silicates; sodalite; sodalite group; spectra; waste disposal; waste management; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.12.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fuel reactivity effects on the efficiency and operational window of dual-fuel compression ignition engines AN - 1534831878; 19862792 AB - An experimental engine efficiency study was conducted that explores the effects of direct injected fuel properties on gross thermal efficiency and operational authority as functions of intake pressure and temperature, and equivalence ratios (premixed and global) using the Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) combustion strategy. The results demonstrate that for fixed cycle thermodynamics, sources of engine inefficiency are functions of the premixed and global equivalence ratios. At extremes in either, excessive losses occur, decreasing the gross thermal efficiency. The study's findings demonstrate that losses can be minimized through proper balancing of the intake pressure and temperature, which are affected by fuel reactivity differences. To reduce the peak pressure rise rate, leaner conditions were required, and the peak gross thermal efficiency increased. The results demonstrate that through proper optimization of both engine conditions, and fuels, increases in engine efficiency are possible with RCCI. JF - Fuel AU - Splitter, Derek A AU - Reitz, Rolf D AD - University of Wisconsin Engine Research Center, 1500 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53711. United States, splitterda@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/02/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Feb 15 SP - 164 EP - 175 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 118 SN - 0016-2361, 0016-2361 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RCCI KW - Efficiency KW - EHN KW - Optimization KW - HCCI KW - Thermodynamics KW - Fuels KW - Temperature KW - Combustion KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1534831878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fuel&rft.atitle=Fuel+reactivity+effects+on+the+efficiency+and+operational+window+of+dual-fuel+compression+ignition+engines&rft.au=Splitter%2C+Derek+A%3BReitz%2C+Rolf+D&rft.aulast=Splitter&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft.date=2014-02-15&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fuel&rft.issn=00162361&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fuel.2013.10.045 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thermodynamics; Fuels; Temperature; Combustion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2013.10.045 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Results from a high resolution pre-industrial climate simulation using CESM AN - 1803777080; 2016-061185 JF - Ocean Sciences Meeting AU - Maltrud, M AU - Veneziani, M AU - McClean, J AU - Evans, K AU - Branstetter, M AU - Sharp, Jonathan AU - Briscoe, Mel AU - Itsweire, Eric Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 EP - Abstract 16876 PB - American Geophysical Union (AGU), [varies] VL - 17 KW - Cenozoic KW - high-resolution methods KW - fluctuations KW - Quaternary KW - Community Earth System Model KW - upper Holocene KW - simulation KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - climate KW - variations KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1803777080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ocean+Sciences+Meeting&rft.atitle=Results+from+a+high+resolution+pre-industrial+climate+simulation+using+CESM&rft.au=Maltrud%2C+M%3BVeneziani%2C+M%3BMcClean%2C+J%3BEvans%2C+K%3BBranstetter%2C+M%3BSharp%2C+Jonathan%3BBriscoe%2C+Mel%3BItsweire%2C+Eric&rft.aulast=Maltrud&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ocean+Sciences+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2014 ocean sciences meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-14 N1 - CODEN - #07653 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; climate; Community Earth System Model; fluctuations; high-resolution methods; Holocene; paleoclimatology; Quaternary; simulation; upper Holocene; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Key geochemical factors regulating Mn(IV)-catalyzed anaerobic nitrification in coastal marine sediments AN - 1803774109; 2016-059502 JF - Ocean Sciences Meeting AU - Taillefert, M AU - Hui, L AU - Itsweire, Eric AU - Sharp, Jonathan AU - Briscoe, Mel Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 EP - Abstract 14636 PB - American Geophysical Union (AGU), [varies] VL - 17 KW - ammonium KW - marshes KW - ammonium ion KW - oxidation KW - manganese KW - nitrogen KW - mires KW - marine sediments KW - anammox KW - catalysis KW - salt marshes KW - nitrification KW - metals KW - sediments KW - manganese oxides KW - oxides KW - coastal environment KW - anaerobic environment KW - reduction KW - nitrate ion KW - geochemistry KW - nitrite ion KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1803774109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ocean+Sciences+Meeting&rft.atitle=Key+geochemical+factors+regulating+Mn%28IV%29-catalyzed+anaerobic+nitrification+in+coastal+marine+sediments&rft.au=Taillefert%2C+M%3BHui%2C+L%3BItsweire%2C+Eric%3BSharp%2C+Jonathan%3BBriscoe%2C+Mel&rft.aulast=Taillefert&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ocean+Sciences+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2014 ocean sciences meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07653 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium; anaerobic environment; anammox; catalysis; coastal environment; geochemistry; manganese; manganese oxides; marine sediments; marshes; metals; mires; nitrate ion; nitrification; nitrite ion; nitrogen; oxidation; oxides; reduction; salt marshes; sediments; ammonium ion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal stability of nanoscale helium bubbles in a 14YWT nanostructured ferritic alloy AN - 1794500464; PQ0003147121 AB - A 14YWT nanostructured ferritic alloy has been irradiated with 335 keV He super(+) to a total fluence of 6.75 x 10 super(20) He m super(-2) at a temperature of 400 [degrees]C and subsequently thermally treated at 750 [degrees]C for up to 100 h. Transmission electron microscopy has been used to characterize the size and distribution of the resultant helium bubbles. The results indicate that the bubbles generally increase in size and the distribution becomes more inhomogeneous during the thermal treatment. The results are discussed in terms of the helium supply and vacancy supersaturation, Brownian motion and coalescence, and Ostwald ripening mechanisms. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Edmondson, P D AU - Parish, C M AU - Li, Q AU - Miller, M K AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK, philip.edmondson@materials.ox.ac.uk Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 84 EP - 90 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 445 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Radioactive materials KW - Microscopy KW - Temperature KW - Helium KW - Alloys KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1794500464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Thermal+stability+of+nanoscale+helium+bubbles+in+a+14YWT+nanostructured+ferritic+alloy&rft.au=Edmondson%2C+P+D%3BParish%2C+C+M%3BLi%2C+Q%3BMiller%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Edmondson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=445&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.10.024 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Microscopy; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Alloys; Helium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.10.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Helium solubility and bubble formation in a nanostructured ferritic alloy AN - 1794495782; PQ0003147129 AB - The response of a nanostructured ferritic alloy to He implantation and post-irradiation annealing (PIA) at 750 [degrees]C was characterized by atom probe tomography and transmission electron microscopy. The supersaturated He concentration in the ferrite at a dose of ~2.1 displacements per atom was similar for the as-implanted, 75 + or - 7 appm, and a 10 h PIA treatment, 71 + or - 7 appm, but decreased to 38 + or - 2 appm after a 100 h PIA treatment. Approximately 91-97% of the He bubbles were present as isolated bubbles in the ferrite and ~1-5% on the surface of the nanoclusters in the ferrite. The remainder were associated with the grain boundaries with a small fraction on the surface of Ti(N,C,O) precipitates. Their average size and number density were similar for the as-implanted and 10 h PIA treatment with a small increase in the size and a significant increase in the number density after the 100 h PIA treatment. Swelling in the high dose region increased from [similar]1% in the as-implanted and 10 h PIA conditions to ~5% after the 100 h PIA treatment but the estimated number of He atoms per unit volume in the He bubbles decreased by an order of magnitude. Number densities increased from ~8 x 10 super(23) m super(-3) the as-implanted to ~15 x 10 super(23) m super(-3) in the 10 h PIA condition, with little change (to ~12 x 10 super(23) m super(-3)) in the 100 h PIA condition. This trend may indicate nucleation of new bubbles up to 10 h, with growth and possible consumption of the smaller bubbles between 10 and 100 h. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Li, Qian AU - Parish, C M AU - Powers, K A AU - Miller, M K AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6139, USA, millermk@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 165 EP - 174 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 445 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Radioactive materials KW - Microscopy KW - Alloys KW - Helium KW - Grains KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1794495782?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Helium+solubility+and+bubble+formation+in+a+nanostructured+ferritic+alloy&rft.au=Li%2C+Qian%3BParish%2C+C+M%3BPowers%2C+K+A%3BMiller%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Qian&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=445&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.10.048 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Microscopy; Radioactive materials; Helium; Alloys; Grains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.10.048 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of nanostructured ferritic alloys to high-dose heavy ion irradiation AN - 1794495758; PQ0003147140 AB - A latest-generation aberration-corrected scanning/transmission electron microscope (STEM) is used to study heavy-ion-irradiated nanostructured ferritic alloys (NFAs). Results are presented for STEM X-ray mapping of NFA 14YWT irradiated with 10 MeV Pt to 16 or 160 dpa at -100 [degrees]C and 750 [degrees]C, as well as pre-irradiation reference material. Irradiation at -100[degrees]C results in ballistic destruction of the beneficial microstructural features present in the pre-irradiated reference material, such as Ti-Y-O nanoclusters (NCs) and grain boundary (GB) segregation. Irradiation at 750 [degrees]C retains these beneficial features, but indicates some coarsening of the NCs, diffusion of Al to the NCs, and a reduction of the Cr-W GB segregation (or solute excess) content. Ion irradiation combined with the latest-generation STEM hardware allows for rapid screening of fusion candidate materials and improved understanding of irradiation-induced microstructural changes in NFAs. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Parish, Chad M AU - White, Ryan M AU - LeBeau, James M AU - Miller, Michael K AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, United States, parishcm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 251 EP - 260 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 445 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Steels KW - 14YWT KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Alloys KW - Diffusion KW - Mapping KW - Grains KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1794495758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Response+of+nanostructured+ferritic+alloys+to+high-dose+heavy+ion+irradiation&rft.au=Parish%2C+Chad+M%3BWhite%2C+Ryan+M%3BLeBeau%2C+James+M%3BMiller%2C+Michael+K&rft.aulast=Parish&rft.aufirst=Chad&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=445&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.11.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 64 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Alloys; Diffusion; Mapping; Grains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.11.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between lath boundary structure and radiation induced segregation in a neutron irradiated 9 wt.% Cr model ferritic/martensitic steel AN - 1794495722; PQ0003147126 AB - Ferritic/Martensitic (F/M) steels with high Cr content posses the high temperature strength and low swelling rates required for advanced nuclear reactor designs. Radiation induced segregation (RIS) occurs in F/M steels due to solute atoms preferentially coupling to point defect fluxes which migrate to defect sinks, such as grain boundaries (GBs). The RIS response of F/M steels and austenitic steels has been shown to be dependent on the local structure of GBs where low energy structures have suppressed RIS responses. This relationship between local GB structure and RIS has been demonstrated primarily in ion-irradiated specimens. A 9 wt.% Cr model alloy steel was irradiated to 3 dpa using neutrons at the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) to determine the effect of a neutron radiation environment on the RIS response at different GB structures. This investigation found the relationship between GB structure and RIS is also active for F/M steels irradiated using neutrons. The data generated from the neutron irradiation is also compared to RIS data generated using proton irradiations on the same heat of model alloy. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Field, Kevin G AU - Miller, Brandon D AU - Chichester, Heather JM AU - Sridharan, Kumar AU - Allen, Todd R AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37832, USA; University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Materials Science and Technology Division, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37832, USA, fieldkg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 143 EP - 148 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 445 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Chromium steels KW - 9Cr KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Radiation KW - Irradiation KW - Energy KW - High temperature KW - Radioactive materials KW - Alloys KW - Steel KW - Grains KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1794495722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+lath+boundary+structure+and+radiation+induced+segregation+in+a+neutron+irradiated+9+wt.%25+Cr+model+ferritic%2Fmartensitic+steel&rft.au=Field%2C+Kevin+G%3BMiller%2C+Brandon+D%3BChichester%2C+Heather+JM%3BSridharan%2C+Kumar%3BAllen%2C+Todd+R&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=445&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.10.056 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear reactors; Radiation; High temperature; Energy; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Alloys; Steel; Grains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.10.056 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of microstructure on the optical performance of neutron irradiated dielectric mirrors AN - 1794495655; PQ0003147143 AB - Dielectric mirrors of HfO sub(2)/SiO sub(2) and Al sub(2)O sub(3)/SiO sub(2 ) designed for optimum reflectivity at 248 nm with 11 and 30 bi-layer coatings, respectively, survived irradiation to 0.1 dpa at 448 K without film cracking or delamination from their sapphire substrates. Subsequent annealing of the irradiated samples resulted in a loss of reflectivity in the HfO sub(2)/SiO sub(2) mirror, while the Al sub(2)O sub(3)/SiO sub(2 ) type remained unaffected. Microstructural changes that correlate to optical property changes of the mirror are investigated. The amorphous layers of the Al sub(2)O sub(3)/SiO sub(2 ) mirror provide greater stability despite increased Al and Si interdiffusion across the film interfaces with increasing dose and post-irradiation annealing temperature. This interdiffusion may have limited the densification of SiO sub(2) in the Al sub(2)O sub(3)/SiO sub(2 ) mirror, but no interdiffusion was observed for the HfO sub(2)/SiO sub(2) mirror. The thickness changes in the SiO sub(2) layers of the HfO sub(2)/SiO sub(2) mirror resulted in a shifting of the peak reflectivity to lower wavelengths. The formation of an amorphous Al-O layer within the substrate is observed in the 0.1 dpa irradiated HfO sub(2)/SiO sub(2) mirror, which on further annealing at 573 and 673 K resulted in a buckling-type delamination failures in the mirrors producing a loss in reflectivity. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Leonard, Keith J AU - Jellison, Gerald E AU - Kumar, N AP Kiran AU - Snead, Lance L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, leonardk@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 281 EP - 290 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 445 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Coatings KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1794495655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=142nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2012%29&rft.atitle=Are+We+Still+In+%22Hot+Water%22+Over+Thermal+Discharges%3F&rft.au=Coutant%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Coutant&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2012-08-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=142nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Coatings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.11.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neutron imaging of hydrogen-rich fluids in geomaterials and engineered porous media; a review AN - 1618131478; 2014-084278 AB - Recent advances in visualization technologies are providing new discoveries as well as answering old questions with respect to the phase structure and flow of hydrogen-rich fluids, such as water and oil, within porous media. Magnetic resonance and x-ray imaging are sometimes employed in this context, but are subject to significant limitations. In contrast, neutrons are ideally suited for imaging hydrogen-rich fluids in abiotic non-hydrogenous porous media because they are strongly attenuated by hydrogen and can "see" through the solid matrix in a non-destructive fashion. This review paper provides an overview of the general principles behind the use of neutrons to image hydrogen-rich fluids in both 2-dimensions (radiography) and 3-dimensions (tomography). Engineering standards for the neutron imaging method are examined. The main body of the paper consists of a comprehensive review of the diverse scientific literature on neutron imaging of static and dynamic experiments involving variably-saturated geomaterials (rocks and soils) and engineered porous media (bricks and ceramics, concrete, fuel cells, heat pipes, and porous glass). Finally some emerging areas that offer promising opportunities for future research are discussed. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Earth-Science Reviews AU - Perfect, E AU - Cheng, C L AU - Kang, M AU - Bilheux, H Z AU - Lamanna, J M AU - Gragg, M J AU - Wright, D M Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 120 EP - 135 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 129 SN - 0012-8252, 0012-8252 KW - water KW - tomography KW - soils KW - imagery KW - experimental studies KW - cement materials KW - enrichment KW - porous materials KW - fluid phase KW - neutron transmision radiography KW - attenuation KW - organic compounds KW - hydrogen KW - mathematical methods KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - ceramic materials KW - rocks KW - construction materials KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618131478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth-Science+Reviews&rft.atitle=Neutron+imaging+of+hydrogen-rich+fluids+in+geomaterials+and+engineered+porous+media%3B+a+review&rft.au=Perfect%2C+E%3BCheng%2C+C+L%3BKang%2C+M%3BBilheux%2C+H+Z%3BLamanna%2C+J+M%3BGragg%2C+M+J%3BWright%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Perfect&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth-Science+Reviews&rft.issn=00128252&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.earscirev.2013.11.012 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00128252 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 160 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - ESREBW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - attenuation; cement materials; ceramic materials; construction materials; enrichment; experimental studies; fluid phase; hydrocarbons; hydrogen; imagery; mathematical methods; neutron transmision radiography; organic compounds; porous materials; rocks; sediments; soils; tomography; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.11.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A high conductivity oxide-sulfide composite lithium superionic conductor AN - 1540231267; 19354397 AB - Best of both worlds: a composite electrolyte of LLZO and LPS successfully combines low grain boundary resistance, room temperature processability and low interfacial resistance of LPS with the excellent electrochemical stability and ionic conductivity of LLZO. The composite electrolyte improves the ionic conductivity of parent electrolytes and augments exceptional compatibility with metallic lithium, thereby making the electrolyte attractive for practical solid-state batteries. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Rangasamy, Ezhiylmurugan AU - Sahu, Gayatri AU - Keum, Jong Kahk AU - Rondinone, Adam J AU - Dudney, Nancy J AU - Liang, Chengdu AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; Tennessee; 37831; USA; +1-865-574-1753; , liangcn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - Feb 2014 SP - 4111 EP - 4116 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 2 IS - 12 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Composite materials KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Temperature KW - Electrochemistry KW - Grains KW - Lithium KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1540231267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=A+high+conductivity+oxide-sulfide+composite+lithium+superionic+conductor&rft.au=Rangasamy%2C+Ezhiylmurugan%3BSahu%2C+Gayatri%3BKeum%2C+Jong+Kahk%3BRondinone%2C+Adam+J%3BDudney%2C+Nancy+J%3BLiang%2C+Chengdu&rft.aulast=Rangasamy&rft.aufirst=Ezhiylmurugan&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta15223e LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Composite materials; Electrolytes; Batteries; Energy; Temperature; Grains; Electrochemistry; Sustainability; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta15223e ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air-stable, high-conduction solid electrolytes of arsenic-substituted Li sub(4)SnS sub(4) AN - 1534828054; 19351509 AB - Lithium-ion-conducting solid electrolytes show promise for enabling high-energy secondary battery chemistries and solving safety issues associated with conventional lithium batteries. Achieving the combination of high ionic conductivity and outstanding chemical stability in solid electrolytes is a grand challenge for the synthesis of solid electrolytes. Herein we report the design of aliovalent substitution of Li sub(4)SnS sub(4) to achieve high conduction and excellent air stability based on the hard and soft acids and bases theory. The solid electrolyte of composition Li sub(3.833)Sn sub(0.833)As sub(0.166)S sub(4) has a high ionic conductivity of 1.39 mS cm super(-1) at 25 degree C. Considering the high Li super(+) transference number, this phase conducts Li super(+) as well as carbonate-based liquid electrolytes. This research also addresses the compatibility of the sulfide-based solid electrolytes through chemical passivation. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Sahu, Gayatri AU - Lin, Zhan AU - Li, Juchuan AU - Liu, Zengcai AU - Dudney, Nancy AU - Liang, Chengdu AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN 37831-6493; USA; , liangcn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - Feb 2014 SP - 1053 EP - 1058 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - Safety engineering KW - Energy KW - Safety KW - Lithium KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1534828054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Air-stable%2C+high-conduction+solid+electrolytes+of+arsenic-substituted+Li+sub%284%29SnS+sub%284%29&rft.au=Sahu%2C+Gayatri%3BLin%2C+Zhan%3BLi%2C+Juchuan%3BLiu%2C+Zengcai%3BDudney%2C+Nancy%3BLiang%2C+Chengdu&rft.aulast=Sahu&rft.aufirst=Gayatri&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1053&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ee43357a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electrolytes; Safety engineering; Batteries; Energy; Safety; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ee43357a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SSPs from an impact and adaptation perspective AN - 1500791340; 19282782 AB - The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) offer benefits for communities concerned with climate change adaptation research and actions (IAV), but some challenges need to be overcome in order to facilitate active IAV involvement in SSP use. This essay summarizes potential benefits, challenges, and possible strategies for enhancing the value of the SSP approach for IAV communities. JF - Climatic Change AU - Wilbanks, Thomas J AU - Ebi, Kristie L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA wilbankstj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 473 EP - 479 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 122 IS - 3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Communities KW - Pathways KW - Strategy KW - Climate change KW - Adaptation KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1500791340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=SSPs+from+an+impact+and+adaptation+perspective&rft.au=Wilbanks%2C+Thomas+J%3BEbi%2C+Kristie+L&rft.aulast=Wilbanks&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-013-0903-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0903-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Sediment Containing Coal Ash from the Kingston Ash Release on Embryo-Larval Development in the Fathead Minnow, Pimephales promelas (Rafinesque, 1820) AN - 1496889073; 19008928 AB - The largest environmental release of coal ash in US history occurred in December 2008 with the failure of a retention structure at the Tennessee Valley Authority Kingston Fossil Fuel Plant in East Tennessee. A byproduct of coal-burning power plants, coal ash is enriched in metals and metalloids such as selenium and arsenic with known toxicity to fish embryonic and larval life stages. The early development of fish embryos and larvae during contact exposures to river bottom sediments containing up to 78 % coal ash from the Kingston spill was examined in 7-day laboratory tests with the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). No significant effects were observed in hatching success, incidences of developmental abnormalities, or embryo-larval survival. Results suggest that direct exposures to sediment containing residual coal ash from the Kingston ash release may not present a significant risk to fish eggs and larvae in waterways affected by the coal ash spill. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Greeley, Mark S AU - Elmore, Logan R AU - McCracken, Mary K AU - Sherrard, Rick M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, greeleyms@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - Feb 2014 SP - 154 EP - 159 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 92 IS - 2 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Risk Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Environmental release KW - Fish eggs KW - Eggs KW - Exposure KW - Embryos KW - Hatching KW - Rivers KW - Metals KW - Fossil fuels KW - Larvae KW - Developmental stages KW - Fathead Minnows KW - Valleys KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Fish KW - Fluvial Sediments KW - Survival KW - Coal KW - Selenium KW - History KW - Power plants KW - Arsenic KW - Laboratory testing KW - Ash KW - Toxicity KW - Sediments KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Pimephales promelas KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology KW - X 24360:Metals KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1496889073?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Sediment+Containing+Coal+Ash+from+the+Kingston+Ash+Release+on+Embryo-Larval+Development+in+the+Fathead+Minnow%2C+Pimephales+promelas+%28Rafinesque%2C+1820%29&rft.au=Greeley%2C+Mark+S%3BElmore%2C+Logan+R%3BMcCracken%2C+Mary+K%3BSherrard%2C+Rick+M&rft.aulast=Greeley&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00128-013-1149-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Environmental release; Metals; Arsenic; Fossil fuels; Developmental stages; Survival; Coal; Toxicity; Sediments; Eggs; Selenium; Power plants; Embryos; Hatching; Laboratory testing; Ash; Fish eggs; Larvae; Valleys; Fish; History; Exposure; Fluvial Sediments; Water Pollution Effects; Fathead Minnows; Pimephales promelas; USA, Tennessee DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-013-1149-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying active functionalities on few-layered graphene catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation of isobutane. AN - 1494305781; 24464945 AB - The general consensus in the studies of nanostructured carbon catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of alkanes to olefins is that the oxygen functionalities generated during synthesis and reaction are responsible for the catalytic activity of these nanostructured carbons. Identification of the highly active oxygen functionalities would enable engineering of nanocarbons for ODH of alkanes. Few-layered graphenes were used as model catalysts in experiments to synthesize reduced graphene oxide samples with varying oxygen concentrations, to characterize oxygen functionalities, and to measure the activation energies for ODH of isobutane. Periodic density functional theory calculations were performed on graphene nanoribbon models with a variety of oxygen functionalities at the edges to calculate their thermal stability and to model reaction mechanisms for ODH of isobutane. Comparing measured and calculated thermal stability and activation energies leads to the conclusion that dicarbonyls at the zigzag edges and quinones at armchair edges are appropriately balanced for high activity, relative to other model functionalities considered herein. In the ODH of isobutane, both dehydrogenation and regeneration of catalytic sites are relevant at the dicarbonyls, whereas regeneration is facile compared with dehydrogenation at quinones. The catalytic mechanism involves weakly adsorbed isobutane reducing functional oxygen and leaving as isobutene, and O2 in the feed, weakly adsorbed on the hydrogenated functionality, reacting with that hydrogen and regenerating the catalytic sites. JF - ChemSusChem AU - Dathar, Gopi Krishna Phani AU - Tsai, Yu-Tung AU - Gierszal, Kamil AU - Xu, Ye AU - Liang, Chengdu AU - Rondinone, Adam J AU - Overbury, Steven H AU - Schwartz, Viviane AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road Oak Ridge, TN 37831 (USA). Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 483 EP - 491 VL - 7 IS - 2 KW - Butanes KW - 0 KW - Graphite KW - 7782-42-5 KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - oxidative dehydrogenation KW - graphene KW - carbon KW - density functional calculations KW - nanostructures KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Oxygen -- chemistry KW - Models, Chemical KW - Hydrogenation KW - Catalysis KW - Butanes -- chemistry KW - Graphite -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1494305781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2012%29&rft.atitle=Environmental+and+socioeconomic+indicators+of+bioenergy+sustainability&rft.au=Dale%2C+Virginia&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=2012-08-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-09-23 N1 - Date created - 2014-02-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201301006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SWAT modeling with uncertainty and cluster analyses of tillage impacts on hydrological processes AN - 1492619823; 18956998 AB - The impacts of tillage practices, majorly conventional tillage (CT) and no-till (NT), on soil hydraulic properties have been studied in recent decades. In this paper, we incorporated an auto-calibration algorithm into the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model and calibrated the model at eight field sites with soil water content (SWC) observations in the Pataha Creek Watershed, WA, USA. The Green-Ampt method in SWAT was chosen to determine infiltration and surface runoff. Parameter uncertainty was quantified by "relatively optimal" parameter sets filtered by a critical objective function value. Cluster analysis was adopted to obtain equal-sized parameter sets for each site and to compare parameter sets between tillage practices. The centers of these clusters were employed as a sample of parameter values. The clustered parameter sets were then used in scenario analysis to examine the impacts of cropland tillage practices on lateral flow, runoff and evapotranspiration (ET). The model parameters (e.g., soil hydraulic properties) were significantly different between CT and NT. In particular, higher bulk density, larger available water capacity, and higher effective hydraulic conductivity were found for NT than for CT. SWCs at three depths of the NT sites were significantly higher than those of CT sites, which could be attributed to tillage practices. However, higher available water capacity at NT sites indicated that the NT soil had a higher capacity to hold water. Thus the mean net changes in SWC during a year were not significantly different between CT and NT. The statistically different model parameters neither resulted in statistical differences in annual outputs (e.g., runoff and ET) nor substantial differences in monthly outputs. Our study indicates that the tillage impacts on hydrological processes are site-specific and scale-dependent. JF - Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment AU - Wang, Gangsheng AU - Barber, Michael E AU - Chen, Shulin AU - Wu, Joan Q AD - Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-6120, USA, wangg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - Feb 2014 SP - 225 EP - 238 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 28 IS - 2 SN - 1436-3240, 1436-3240 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Hydraulic conductivity KW - Hydraulics KW - Statistical analysis KW - Algorithms KW - Environmental research KW - Watersheds KW - Soil KW - Agricultural land KW - Soil properties KW - Surface runoff KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - No-till cropping KW - Stochastic models in hydrology KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Water content KW - Stochastic methods in hydrology KW - USA KW - Tillage KW - Infiltration KW - Rainfall-runoff modeling KW - Soil moisture KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492619823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Stochastic+Environmental+Research+and+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=SWAT+modeling+with+uncertainty+and+cluster+analyses+of+tillage+impacts+on+hydrological+processes&rft.au=Wang%2C+Gangsheng%3BBarber%2C+Michael+E%3BChen%2C+Shulin%3BWu%2C+Joan+Q&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Gangsheng&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Stochastic+Environmental+Research+and+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=14363240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00477-013-0743-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 78 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydraulic conductivity; Hydrologic analysis; Stochastic models in hydrology; Algorithms; Infiltration; Statistical analysis; Rainfall-runoff modeling; Surface runoff; Evapotranspiration; Environmental research; Soil moisture; Stochastic methods in hydrology; Risk assessment; Soil; Hydraulics; Agricultural land; No-till cropping; Tillage; Soil properties; Water content; Watersheds; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-013-0743-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of thiol functional groups on bacteria and natural organic matter in environmental systems. AN - 1490759749; 24401410 AB - Organic thiols (R-SH) are known to react and form complexes with some toxic soft metals such as mercury (Hg) in both biotic and abiotic systems. However, a clear understanding of these interactions is currently limited because quantifying thiols in environmental matrices is difficult due to their low abundance, susceptibility to oxidation, and measurement interference by non-thiol compounds in samples. Here, we report a fluorescence-labeling method using a maleimide containing probe, ThioGlo-1 (TG-1), to determine total thiols directly on bacterial cells and natural organic matter (NOM). We systematically evaluated the optimal thiol labeling conditions and interference from organic compounds such as disulfide, methionine, thiourea, and amine, and inorganic ions such as Na(+), K(+), Ca(2+), Fe(2+), Cl(-), SO4(2-), HCO3(-), and SCN(-), and found that the method is highly sensitive and selective. Only relatively high levels of sulfide (S(2-)) and sulfite (SO3(2-)) significantly interfere with the thiol analysis. The method was successful in determining thiols in a bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA and its mutants in a phosphate buffered saline solution. The measured value of ~2.1 × 10(4) thiols cell(-1) (or ~0.07 µmol g(-1) wet cells) is in good agreement with that observed during reactions between Hg and PCA cells. Using the standard addition, we determined the total thiols of two reference NOM samples, the reduced Elliot soil humic acid and Suwanee River NOM, to be 3.6 and 0.7 µmol g(-1), respectively, consistent with those obtained based on their reactions with Hg. JF - Talanta AU - Rao, Balaji AU - Simpson, Carolyne AU - Lin, Hui AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Gu, Baohua AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States. ; University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Chemistry, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States. ; Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States. Electronic address: gub1@ornl.gov. Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 240 EP - 247 VL - 119 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - 0 KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Titration KW - Thiols KW - Fluorescence spectroscopy KW - NOM KW - Mercury KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence KW - Reference Standards KW - Organic Chemicals -- chemistry KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds -- analysis KW - Geobacter -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490759749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Talanta&rft.atitle=Determination+of+thiol+functional+groups+on+bacteria+and+natural+organic+matter+in+environmental+systems.&rft.au=Rao%2C+Balaji%3BSimpson%2C+Carolyne%3BLin%2C+Hui%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BGu%2C+Baohua&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=Balaji&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=&rft.spage=240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Talanta&rft.issn=1873-3573&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.talanta.2013.11.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-09-02 N1 - Date created - 2014-01-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2013.11.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Asymmetric wettability of nanostructures directs leidenfrost droplets. AN - 1492699424; 24298880 AB - Leidenfrost phenomena on nano- and microstructured surfaces are of great importance for increasing control over heat transfer in high power density systems utilizing boiling phenomena. They also provide an elegant means to direct droplet motion in a variety of recently emerging fluidic systems. Here, we report the fabrication and characterization of tilted nanopillar arrays (TNPAs) that exhibit directional Leidenfrost water droplets under dynamic conditions, namely on impact with Weber numbers ≥40 at T ≥ 325 °C. The directionality for these droplets is opposite to the direction previously exhibited by macro- and microscale Leidenfrost ratchets where movement against the tilt of the ratchet was observed. The batch fabrication of the TNPAs was achieved by glancing-angle anisotropic reactive ion etching of a thermally dewet platinum mask, with mean pillar diameters of 100 nm and heights of 200-500 nm. In contrast to previously implemented macro- and microscopic Leidenfrost ratchets, our TNPAs induce no preferential directional movement of Leidenfrost droplets under conditions approaching steady-state film boiling, suggesting that the observed droplet directionality is not a result of the widely accepted mechanism of asymmetric vapor flow. Using high-speed imaging, phase diagrams were constructed for the boiling behavior upon impact for droplets falling onto TNPAs, straight nanopillar arrays, and smooth silicon surfaces. The asymmetric impact and directional trajectory of droplets was exclusive to the TNPAs for impacts corresponding to the transition boiling regime, linking asymmetric surface wettability to preferential directionality of dynamic Leidenfrost droplets on nanostructured surfaces. JF - ACS nano AU - Agapov, Rebecca L AU - Boreyko, Jonathan B AU - Briggs, Dayrl P AU - Srijanto, Bernadeta R AU - Retterer, Scott T AU - Collier, C Patrick AU - Lavrik, Nickolay V AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. Y1 - 2014/01/28/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jan 28 SP - 860 EP - 867 VL - 8 IS - 1 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492699424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=Asymmetric+wettability+of+nanostructures+directs+leidenfrost+droplets.&rft.au=Agapov%2C+Rebecca+L%3BBoreyko%2C+Jonathan+B%3BBriggs%2C+Dayrl+P%3BSrijanto%2C+Bernadeta+R%3BRetterer%2C+Scott+T%3BCollier%2C+C+Patrick%3BLavrik%2C+Nickolay+V&rft.aulast=Agapov&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=2014-01-28&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=860&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fnn405585m LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-09-17 N1 - Date created - 2014-01-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: ACS Nano. 2014 Feb 25;8(2):1949-50 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn405585m ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atomic structure of luminescent centers in high-efficiency Ce-doped w-AlN single crystal. AN - 1492681005; 24445335 AB - Rare-earth doped wurtzite-type aluminum nitride (w-AlN) has great potential for high-efficiency electroluminescent applications over a wide wavelength range. However, because of their large atomic size, it has been difficult to stably dope individual rare-earth atoms into the w-AlN host lattice. Here we use a reactive flux method under high pressure and high temperature to obtain cerium (Ce) doped w-AlN single crystals with pink-colored luminescence. In order to elucidate the atomic structure of the luminescent centers, we directly observe individual Ce dopants in w-AlN using annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy. We find that Ce is incorporated as single, isolated atoms inside the w-AlN lattice occupying Al substitutional sites. This new synthesis method represents a new alternative strategy for doping size-mismatched functional atoms into wide band-gap materials. JF - Scientific reports AU - Ishikawa, Ryo AU - Lupini, Andrew R AU - Oba, Fumiyasu AU - Findlay, Scott D AU - Shibata, Naoya AU - Taniguchi, Takashi AU - Watanabe, Kenji AU - Hayashi, Hiroyuki AU - Sakai, Toshifumi AU - Tanaka, Isao AU - Ikuhara, Yuichi AU - Pennycook, Stephen J AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. ; 1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan [2] Materials Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan. ; School of Physics, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia. ; 1] Institute of Engineering Innovation, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan [2] Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan. ; Advanced Key Technologies Division, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan. ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. ; 1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan [2] Nanostructures Research Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Atsuta, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan. ; 1] Institute of Engineering Innovation, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan [2] Nanostructures Research Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Atsuta, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan. Y1 - 2014/01/21/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jan 21 SP - 3778 VL - 4 KW - Aluminum Compounds KW - 0 KW - Cerium KW - 30K4522N6T KW - aluminum nitride KW - 7K47D7P3M0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Crystallization KW - Particle Size KW - Aluminum Compounds -- chemistry KW - Cerium -- chemistry KW - Luminescence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492681005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Atomic+structure+of+luminescent+centers+in+high-efficiency+Ce-doped+w-AlN+single+crystal.&rft.au=Ishikawa%2C+Ryo%3BLupini%2C+Andrew+R%3BOba%2C+Fumiyasu%3BFindlay%2C+Scott+D%3BShibata%2C+Naoya%3BTaniguchi%2C+Takashi%3BWatanabe%2C+Kenji%3BHayashi%2C+Hiroyuki%3BSakai%2C+Toshifumi%3BTanaka%2C+Isao%3BIkuhara%2C+Yuichi%3BPennycook%2C+Stephen+J&rft.aulast=Ishikawa&rft.aufirst=Ryo&rft.date=2014-01-21&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3778&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep03778 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-08-18 N1 - Date created - 2014-01-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Microsc Microanal. 2014 Feb;20(1):99-110 [24168987] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep03778 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SeqDepot: streamlined database of biological sequences and precomputed features AN - 1496893933; 19037935 AB - Summary: Assembling and/or producing integrated knowledge of sequence features continues to be an onerous and redundant task despite a large number of existing resources. We have developed SeqDepot-a novel database that focuses solely on two primary goals: (i) assimilating known primary sequences with predicted feature data and (ii) providing the most simple and straightforward means to procure and readily use this information. Access to >28.5 million sequences and 300 million features is provided through a well-documented and flexible RESTful interface that supports fetching specific data subsets, bulk queries, visualization and searching by MD5 digests or external database identifiers. We have also developed an HTML5/JavaScript web application exemplifying how to interact with SeqDepot and Perl/Python scripts for use with local processing pipelines. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Ulrich, Luke E AU - Zhulin, Igor B AD - super(1)Agile Genomics, LLC, Mount Pleasant, SC 29466, USA, super(2)Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA and super(3)Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2014/01/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jan 15 SP - 295 EP - 297 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Databases KW - Data processing KW - Bioinformatics KW - N 14810:Methods KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1496893933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=SeqDepot%3A+streamlined+database+of+biological+sequences+and+precomputed+features&rft.au=Ulrich%2C+Luke+E%3BZhulin%2C+Igor+B&rft.aulast=Ulrich&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft.date=2014-01-15&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtt658 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Databases; Data processing; Bioinformatics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt658 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new open computational framework for highly-resolved coupled three-dimensional multiphysics simulations of Li-ion cells AN - 1475558686; 18815368 AB - In this paper we report on the development and demonstration of physically consistent three-dimensional models for Lithium Ion Battery (LIB) cells. The discharge behavior of a LIB is a multi-physics and multiscale problem that is simulated using coupled models for thermal, electrical, and electrochemical phenomena. The individual physics models and software are integrated into a new open computational framework for battery simulations which was designed to support a variety of modeling formulations and computer codes. Several cell configurations (unrolled cell, unrolled cell with current collectors, large capacity pouch cell, and cylindrical cell) that show the importance of coupled simulations are simulated using this approach and discussed. A validation study is presented for the pouch cell discharged under high rates to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed modeling framework. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Allu, S AU - Kalnaus, S AU - Elwasif, W AU - Simunovic, S AU - Turner, JA AU - Pannala, S AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, allus@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/01/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jan 15 SP - 876 EP - 886 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 246 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Computer programs KW - Batteries KW - Simulation KW - Electrochemistry KW - Lithium KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475558686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=A+new+open+computational+framework+for+highly-resolved+coupled+three-dimensional+multiphysics+simulations+of+Li-ion+cells&rft.au=Allu%2C+S%3BKalnaus%2C+S%3BElwasif%2C+W%3BSimunovic%2C+S%3BTurner%2C+JA%3BPannala%2C+S&rft.aulast=Allu&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-01-15&rft.volume=246&rft.issue=&rft.spage=876&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; Batteries; Simulation; Electrochemistry; Lithium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A large-scale, high-resolution hydrological model parameter data set for climate change impact assessment for the conterminous US AN - 1642284032; 19297649 AB - To extend geographical coverage, refine spatial resolution, and improve modeling efficiency, a computation- and data-intensive effort was conducted to organize a comprehensive hydrologic data set with post-calibrated model parameters for hydro-climate impact assessment. Several key inputs for hydrologic simulation - including meteorologic forcings, soil, land class, vegetation, and elevation - were collected from multiple best-available data sources and organized for 2107 hydrologic subbasins (8-digit hydrologic units, HUC8s) in the conterminous US at refined 1/24 degree ( similar to 4 km) spatial resolution. Using high-performance computing for intensive model calibration, a high-resolution parameter data set was prepared for the macro-scale variable infiltration capacity (VIC) hydrologic model. The VIC simulation was driven by Daymet daily meteorological forcing and was calibrated against US Geological Survey (USGS) WaterWatch monthly runoff observations for each HUC8. The results showed that this new parameter data set may help reasonably simulate runoff at most US HUC8 subbasins. Based on this exhaustive calibration effort, it is now possible to accurately estimate the resources required for further model improvement across the entire conterminous US. We anticipate that through this hydrologic parameter data set, the repeated effort of fundamental data processing can be lessened, so that research efforts can emphasize the more challenging task of assessing climate change impacts. The pre-organized model parameter data set will be provided to interested parties to support further hydro-climate impact assessment. JF - Hydrology and Earth System Sciences AU - Oubeidillah, A A AU - Kao, S-C AU - Ashfaq, M AU - Naz, B S AU - Tootle, G AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2014/01/07/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jan 07 SP - 67 EP - 84 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 1027-5606, 1027-5606 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Mathematical models KW - Computer simulation KW - Assessments KW - Spatial resolution KW - Climate change KW - Hydrology KW - Calibration KW - Runoff UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642284032?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrology+and+Earth+System+Sciences&rft.atitle=A+large-scale%2C+high-resolution+hydrological+model+parameter+data+set+for+climate+change+impact+assessment+for+the+conterminous+US&rft.au=Oubeidillah%2C+A+A%3BKao%2C+S-C%3BAshfaq%2C+M%3BNaz%2C+B+S%3BTootle%2C+G&rft.aulast=Oubeidillah&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-01-07&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrology+and+Earth+System+Sciences&rft.issn=10275606&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fhess-18-67-2014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-67-2014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dasymetric Modeling and Uncertainty AN - 1492637514; 18929006 AB - Dasymetric models increase the spatial resolution of population data by incorporating related ancillary data layers. The role of uncertainty in dasymetric modeling has not been fully addressed as of yet. Uncertainty is usually present because most population data are themselves uncertain, or the geographic processes that connect population and the ancillary data layers are not precisely known. A new dasymetric methodology-the penalized maximum entropy dasymetric model (P-MEDM)-is presented that enables these sources of uncertainty to be represented and modeled. The P-MEDM propagates uncertainty through the model and yields fine-resolution population estimates with associated measures of uncertainty. This methodology contains a number of other benefits of theoretical and practical interest. In dasymetric modeling, researchers often struggle with identifying a relationship between population and ancillary data layers. The P-MEDM model simplifies this step by unifying how ancillary data are included. The P-MEDM also allows a rich array of data to be included, with disparate spatial resolutions, attribute resolutions, and uncertainties. Although the P-MEDM does not necessarily produce more precise estimates than do existing approaches, it does help to unify how data enter the dasymetric model, it increases the types of data that can be used, and it allows geographers to characterize the quality of their dasymetric estimates. We present an application of the P-MEDM that includes household-level survey data combined with higher spatial resolution data such as from census tracts, block groups, and land cover classifications. JF - Annals of the Association of American Geographers AU - Nagle, Nicholas N AU - Buttenfield, Barbara P AU - Leyk, Stefan AU - Spielman, Seth AD - Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, and Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, nnagle@utk.edu Y1 - 2014/01/02/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jan 02 SP - 80 EP - 95 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Oxford OX14 4RN United Kingdom VL - 104 IS - 1 SN - 0004-5608, 0004-5608 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Classification KW - Census KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492637514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers&rft.atitle=Dasymetric+Modeling+and+Uncertainty&rft.au=Nagle%2C+Nicholas+N%3BButtenfield%2C+Barbara+P%3BLeyk%2C+Stefan%3BSpielman%2C+Seth&rft.aulast=Nagle&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2014-01-02&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers&rft.issn=00045608&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00045608.2013.843439 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Classification; Census DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2013.843439 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Substrate quality alters the microbial mineralization of added substrate and soil organic carbon AN - 1832608245; 712251-8 AB - The rate and extent of decomposition of soil organic carbon (SOC) is dependent, among other factors, on substrate chemistry and microbial dynamics. Our objectives were to understand the influence of substrate chemistry on microbial decomposition of carbon (C), and to use model fitting to quantify differences in pool sizes and mineralization rates. We conducted an incubation experiment for 270 days using four uniformly labeled (super 14) C substrates (glucose, starch, cinnamic acid and stearic acid) on four different soils (a temperate Mollisol, a tropical Ultisol, a sub-arctic Andisol, and an arctic Gelisol). The (super 14) C labeling enabled us to separate CO (sub 2) respired from added substrates and from native SOC. Microbial gene copy numbers were quantified at days 4, 30 and 270 using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Substrate C respiration was always higher for glucose than other substrates. Soils with cinnamic and stearic acid lost more native SOC than glucose- and starch-amended soils. Cinnamic and stearic acid amendments also exhibited higher fungal gene copy numbers at the end of incubation compared to unamended soils. We found that 270 days were sufficient to model the decomposition of simple substrates (glucose and starch) with three pools, but were insufficient for more complex substrates (cinnamic and stearic acid) and native SOC. This study reveals that substrate quality exerts considerable control on the microbial decomposition of newly added and native SOC, and demonstrates the need for multi-year incubation experiments to constrain decomposition parameters for the most recalcitrant fractions of SOC and complex substrates. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Jagadamma, S AU - Mayes, M A AU - Steinweg, J M AU - Schaeffer, S M Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 4665 EP - 4678 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Union, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 11 IS - 17 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - soil group KW - respiration KW - degradation KW - communities KW - fatty acids KW - genes KW - Ultisols KW - sinks KW - ecosystems KW - sugars KW - Gelisols KW - substrates KW - laboratory studies KW - fungi KW - carbon KW - glucose KW - composition KW - carboxylic acids KW - mineralization KW - carbohydrates KW - ecology KW - organic carbon KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - Andisols KW - physicochemical properties KW - statistical analysis KW - rates KW - mathematical models KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - nucleic acids KW - bacteria KW - DNA KW - Mollisols KW - microorganisms KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832608245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Substrate+quality+alters+the+microbial+mineralization+of+added+substrate+and+soil+organic+carbon&rft.au=Jagadamma%2C+S%3BMayes%2C+M+A%3BSteinweg%2C+J+M%3BSchaeffer%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Jagadamma&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=4665&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fbg-11-4665-2014 L2 - http://www.biogeosciences.net LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Number of references - 77 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Andisols; bacteria; carbohydrates; carbon; carboxylic acids; communities; composition; degradation; DNA; ecology; ecosystems; experimental studies; fatty acids; fungi; Gelisols; genes; geochemistry; glucose; laboratory studies; mathematical models; microorganisms; mineralization; Mollisols; nucleic acids; nutrients; organic acids; organic carbon; organic compounds; physicochemical properties; rates; respiration; sinks; soil group; soils; statistical analysis; substrates; sugars; Ultisols DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4665-2014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamical behavior of propane under nano-confinement; neutron scattering studies AN - 1812219317; 2016-071753 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Cole, David R AU - Gautam, S AU - Rother, G AU - Mamontov, E AU - Kolesnikov, A AU - Liu, T AU - Striolo, A AU - Phan, A AU - Le, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 441 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - pressure KW - propane KW - behavior KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - alkanes KW - adsorption KW - porosity KW - geometry KW - carbon dioxide KW - organic compounds KW - neutrons KW - water-rock interaction KW - silica KW - hydrocarbons KW - P-T conditions KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812219317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Dynamical+behavior+of+propane+under+nano-confinement%3B+neutron+scattering+studies&rft.au=Cole%2C+David+R%3BGautam%2C+S%3BRother%2C+G%3BMamontov%2C+E%3BKolesnikov%2C+A%3BLiu%2C+T%3BStriolo%2C+A%3BPhan%2C+A%3BLe%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=441&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; behavior; carbon dioxide; geometry; hydrocarbons; neutrons; organic compounds; P-T conditions; porosity; pressure; propane; silica; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation Resistance of XLPE Nano-dielectrics for Advanced Reactor Applications AN - 1770339158; 20432613 AB - Recently there has been renewed interest in nuclear reactor safety, particularly as commercial reactors are approaching 40 years' service and lifetime extensions are considered, as well as new reactor building projects around the world. The materials that are currently used in cabling for instrumentation, reactor control, and communications include cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), ethylene propylene rubber (EPR), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), neoprene, and chlorosulfonated polyethylene. While these materials show suitable radiation tolerance in laboratory tests, failures before their useful lifetime occur due to the combined environmental effects of radiation, temperature and moisture, or operation during abnormal conditions. In addition, the extended use of commercial reactors beyond their original service life, places a greater demand on insulating materials to perform beyond their current ratings in these nuclear environments. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Duckworth, Robert C AU - Polyzos, Georgios AU - Paranthaman, Parans AU - Aytug, Tolga AU - Leonard, Keith AU - Sauers, Isidor AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 duckworthrc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014///0, PY - 2014 DA - 0, 2014 SP - 937 EP - 941 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Construction KW - Polyvinyl chlorides KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Cross-linked polyethylene KW - Nanostructure KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770339158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Radiation+Resistance+of+XLPE+Nano-dielectrics+for+Advanced+Reactor+Applications&rft.au=Duckworth%2C+Robert+C%3BPolyzos%2C+Georgios%3BParanthaman%2C+Parans%3BAytug%2C+Tolga%3BLeonard%2C+Keith%3BSauers%2C+Isidor&rft.aulast=Duckworth&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=937&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas penetration into fine pores of coals; comparing Sydney Basin and North American coals AN - 1765877457; 2016-012725 JF - Abstracts - Geological Society of Australia AU - Sakurovs, Richard AU - He, Lilin AU - Melnichenko, Yuri AU - Blach, Tomasz AU - Ruppert, Leslie AU - MacPhee, Tony AU - Graham, Ian T Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 119 PB - Geological Society of Australia, Sydney, N.S.W. VL - 110 SN - 0729-011X, 0729-011X KW - United States KW - vitrinite KW - natural gas KW - inertinite KW - petroleum KW - Europe KW - bituminous coal KW - size distribution KW - sedimentary rocks KW - coal KW - Central Europe KW - macerals KW - Australia KW - North America KW - Australasia KW - New South Wales Australia KW - porosity KW - Canada KW - Poland KW - small angle neutron scattering KW - coalbed methane KW - Sydney Basin KW - Western Canada KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765877457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Geological+Society+of+Australia&rft.atitle=Gas+penetration+into+fine+pores+of+coals%3B+comparing+Sydney+Basin+and+North+American+coals&rft.au=Sakurovs%2C+Richard%3BHe%2C+Lilin%3BMelnichenko%2C+Yuri%3BBlach%2C+Tomasz%3BRuppert%2C+Leslie%3BMacPhee%2C+Tony%3BGraham%2C+Ian+T&rft.aulast=Sakurovs&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Geological+Society+of+Australia&rft.issn=0729011X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.aesc2014.gsa.org.au/assets/Various-reg-partner-opp-workshop-summ-/AESC-Abstract-Proceedings.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AESC 2014; 22nd Australian geological convention N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Produced under license from the Commonwealth of Australia as represented by Geoscience Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - N.S.W. N1 - SuppNotes - Paper 02SBD-04. Presented at the 39th Symposium on the Advances in the study of the Sydney Basin N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; Australia; bituminous coal; Canada; Central Europe; coal; coalbed methane; Europe; inertinite; macerals; natural gas; New South Wales Australia; North America; permeability; petroleum; Poland; porosity; sedimentary rocks; size distribution; small angle neutron scattering; Sydney Basin; United States; vitrinite; Western Canada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of new tools and approaches for determining mercury methylation in the environment AN - 1765876672; 2016-011261 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Elias, Dwayne A AU - Hurt, Richard A, Jr AU - Podar, Mircea AU - Somenahally, Anil AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Brandt, Craig C AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Gilmour, Cynthia C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 619 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - methylation KW - pollutants KW - metals KW - genes KW - biochemistry KW - physicochemical properties KW - bacteria KW - pollution KW - geochemistry KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765876672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Development+of+new+tools+and+approaches+for+determining+mercury+methylation+in+the+environment&rft.au=Elias%2C+Dwayne+A%3BHurt%2C+Richard+A%2C+Jr%3BPodar%2C+Mircea%3BSomenahally%2C+Anil%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D%3BBrandt%2C+Craig+C%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BGilmour%2C+Cynthia+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Elias&rft.aufirst=Dwayne&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; genes; geochemistry; mercury; metals; methylation; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vibrational dynamics and tunnelling of water in beryl AN - 1752579490; 2016-002718 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Kolesnikov, A I AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Mamomontov, E AU - Podlesnyak, A AU - Ehlers, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1294 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - water KW - silicates KW - high-resolution methods KW - vibration KW - ring silicates KW - crystal structure KW - spectra KW - beryl KW - temperature KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752579490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Vibrational+dynamics+and+tunnelling+of+water+in+beryl&rft.au=Kolesnikov%2C+A+I%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BMamomontov%2C+E%3BPodlesnyak%2C+A%3BEhlers%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kolesnikov&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1294&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - beryl; crystal structure; high-resolution methods; ring silicates; silicates; spectra; temperature; vibration; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solar wind sputtering of lunar soil analogs; the effect of ionic charge and mass AN - 1734268772; 2015-111484 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Hijazi, H AU - Bannister, M E AU - Meyer, H M, III AU - Rouleau, C M AU - Barghouty, A F AU - Rickman, D L AU - Meyer, F W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 EP - Abstract no. 1186 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 45 KW - silicates KW - plagioclase KW - experimental studies KW - Moon KW - solar wind KW - ions KW - argon KW - anorthite KW - sputtering KW - mass KW - noble gases KW - hydrogen KW - framework silicates KW - feldspar group KW - lunar soils KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1734268772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Solar+wind+sputtering+of+lunar+soil+analogs%3B+the+effect+of+ionic+charge+and+mass&rft.au=Hijazi%2C+H%3BBannister%2C+M+E%3BMeyer%2C+H+M%2C+III%3BRouleau%2C+C+M%3BBarghouty%2C+A+F%3BRickman%2C+D+L%3BMeyer%2C+F+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hijazi&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=245705&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanotechnology&rft.issn=09574484&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0957-4484%2F23%2F24%2F245705 L2 - www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2014/pdf/1186.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 45th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Apr. 7, 2015 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anorthite; argon; experimental studies; feldspar group; framework silicates; hydrogen; ions; lunar soils; mass; Moon; noble gases; plagioclase; silicates; solar wind; sputtering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The toxicogenomic response of Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough to sub- and inhibiting concentrations of Hg(II) AN - 1718053695; 2015-095388 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Bridou, Romain AU - Zane, Grant M AU - Elias, Dwayne AU - Wall, Judy D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 276 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - metals KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - Desulfovibrio vulgaris KW - assays KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+toxicogenomic+response+of+Desulfovibrio+vulgaris+Hildenborough+to+sub-+and+inhibiting+concentrations+of+Hg%28II%29&rft.au=Bridou%2C+Romain%3BZane%2C+Grant+M%3BElias%2C+Dwayne%3BWall%2C+Judy+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bridou&rft.aufirst=Romain&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=276&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - assays; bioavailability; Desulfovibrio vulgaris; mercury; metals; pollutants; pollution; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diel mercury-concentration variations in a mercury impacted stream AN - 1718053679; 2015-095396 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Riscassi, Ami AU - Miller, Carrie AU - Brooks, Scott AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 284 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - water quality KW - photosynthesis KW - Plantae KW - communities KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - photochemistry KW - pollution KW - algae KW - organo-metallics KW - biota KW - variations KW - temperature KW - controls KW - methylmercury KW - metals KW - biofilms KW - sediments KW - particulate materials KW - water pollution KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Diel+mercury-concentration+variations+in+a+mercury+impacted+stream&rft.au=Riscassi%2C+Ami%3BMiller%2C+Carrie%3BBrooks%2C+Scott%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Riscassi&rft.aufirst=Ami&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=486&rft.issue=7404&rft.spage=509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature11188 L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biochemistry; biofilms; biota; communities; controls; mercury; metals; methylmercury; organo-metallics; particulate materials; photochemistry; photosynthesis; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; sediments; temperature; variations; water pollution; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microscale characteristics and macroscale disequilibria in hydraulically fractured Utica Shale AN - 1707525686; 2015-080834 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Swift, Alexander AU - Cole, David AU - Sheets, Julia AU - Anovitz, Lawrence AU - Welch, Susan AU - Gu, Xin AU - Mildner, David AU - Chipera, Steve AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2429 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - water KW - United States KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - shale KW - Paleozoic KW - natural gas KW - petroleum KW - models KW - Ordovician KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chemical reactions KW - porosimetry KW - clastic rocks KW - pH KW - permeability KW - Eh KW - Utica Shale KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707525686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Microscale+characteristics+and+macroscale+disequilibria+in+hydraulically+fractured+Utica+Shale&rft.au=Swift%2C+Alexander%3BCole%2C+David%3BSheets%2C+Julia%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence%3BWelch%2C+Susan%3BGu%2C+Xin%3BMildner%2C+David%3BChipera%2C+Steve%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Swift&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; clastic rocks; Eh; hydraulic fracturing; models; natural gas; Ordovician; Paleozoic; permeability; petroleum; pH; porosimetry; sedimentary rocks; shale; United States; Utica Shale; water; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable isotopic identification of nitrate sources in a tundra ecosystem, Barrow, AK AN - 1707524809; 2015-080959 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Heikoop, J M AU - Newman, B D AU - Throckmorton, H M AU - Perkins, G B AU - Gard, M O AU - Iversen, C M AU - Wilson, C J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 954 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - tundra KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ecosystems KW - periglacial features KW - stable isotopes KW - Barrow Alaska KW - nitrogen KW - carbon dioxide KW - nitrate ion KW - polygons KW - N-15/N-14 KW - methane KW - snowmelt KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - alkanes KW - ice wedges KW - organic compounds KW - identification KW - hydrocarbons KW - Alaska KW - glacial geology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707524809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Stable+isotopic+identification+of+nitrate+sources+in+a+tundra+ecosystem%2C+Barrow%2C+AK&rft.au=Heikoop%2C+J+M%3BNewman%2C+B+D%3BThrockmorton%2C+H+M%3BPerkins%2C+G+B%3BGard%2C+M+O%3BIversen%2C+C+M%3BWilson%2C+C+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Heikoop&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=954&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmid 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Barrow Alaska; carbon dioxide; degradation; ecosystems; glacial geology; hydrocarbons; ice wedges; identification; isotope ratios; isotopes; methane; N-15/N-14; nitrate ion; nitrogen; O-18/O-16; organic compounds; oxygen; periglacial features; permafrost; polygons; snowmelt; stable isotopes; tundra; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical drivers of organic matter degradation in Arctic tundra AN - 1707524807; 2015-080983 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Herndon, Elizabeth AU - Mann, Benjamin AU - Wullschleger, Stan AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 978 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - degradation KW - tundra KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - iron KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - substrates KW - controls KW - carbon KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - organic carbon KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - methane KW - Arctic region KW - northern Alaska KW - solutes KW - alkanes KW - X-ray spectra KW - ferrous iron KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - Alaska KW - pore water KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707524807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=9th+INTECOL+International+Wetlands+Conference&rft.atitle=Spruce-Peatland+Responses+under+Climatic+and+Environmental+Change%3A+An+in+Situ+Warming+by+co2+Manipulation+of+a+Characteristic+High-Carbon+Ecosystem&rft.au=Iversen%2C+Colleen%3BHanson%2C+Paul%3BKolka%2C+Randall%3BSebestyen%2C+Stephen%3BNorby%2C+Richard%3BChilds%2C+Joanne&rft.aulast=Iversen&rft.aufirst=Colleen&rft.date=2012-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=9th+INTECOL+International+Wetlands+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmid 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Arctic region; carbon; carbon dioxide; climate change; controls; degradation; ferrous iron; geochemistry; hydrocarbons; iron; metals; methane; northern Alaska; organic carbon; organic compounds; pore water; reduction; soils; solutes; spectra; substrates; tundra; United States; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The coupling between mercury-cell surface interactions and mercury uptake and methylation AN - 1707524226; 2015-081062 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Lin, Hui AU - Hurt, Richard A, Jr AU - Johs, Alexander AU - Parks, Jerry M AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Elias, Dwayne A AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1458 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - methylation KW - controls KW - methylmercury KW - pollutants KW - metals KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - anaerobic environment KW - organo-metallics KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707524226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+coupling+between+mercury-cell+surface+interactions+and+mercury+uptake+and+methylation&rft.au=Lin%2C+Hui%3BHurt%2C+Richard+A%2C+Jr%3BJohs%2C+Alexander%3BParks%2C+Jerry+M%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BElias%2C+Dwayne+A%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Hui&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1458&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; biochemistry; controls; mercury; metals; methylation; methylmercury; organo-metallics; pollutants; pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - AFM based mechanical property mapping for glass corrosion studies AN - 1707521706; 2015-083354 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Hopf, Juliane AU - Pierce, Eric M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1032 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - corrosion KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - techniques KW - mechanical properties KW - elastic constants KW - deformation KW - measurement KW - topography KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - quantitative analysis KW - adhesion KW - glass materials KW - Young's modulus KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=AFM+based+mechanical+property+mapping+for+glass+corrosion+studies&rft.au=Hopf%2C+Juliane%3BPierce%2C+Eric+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hopf&rft.aufirst=Juliane&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1032&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adhesion; atomic force microscopy data; corrosion; deformation; elastic constants; experimental studies; glass materials; measurement; mechanical properties; pressure; quantitative analysis; techniques; topography; Young's modulus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular (proxy) estimates of changes in soil organic matter stability with changes in atmospheric CO (sub 2) concentrations AN - 1707521333; 2015-083330 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Hockaday, William AU - Gallagher, Morgan AU - Masiello, Caroline A AU - Polley, Wayne AU - Iversen, Colleen AU - Norby, Richard AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1008 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - soils KW - atmosphere KW - ecosystems KW - NMR spectra KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - spectra KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Molecular+%28proxy%29+estimates+of+changes+in+soil+organic+matter+stability+with+changes+in+atmospheric+CO+%28sub+2%29+concentrations&rft.au=Hockaday%2C+William%3BGallagher%2C+Morgan%3BMasiello%2C+Caroline+A%3BPolley%2C+Wayne%3BIversen%2C+Colleen%3BNorby%2C+Richard%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hockaday&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1008&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; ecosystems; geochemical cycle; models; NMR spectra; organic carbon; organic compounds; soils; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of Experimental Correlations Using the Sampler Sequence Within SCALE 6.2 AN - 1705087560; PQ0001263159 AB - The validation of neutron transport methods used in nuclear criticality safety analyses is required by consensus ANSI/ANS (American National Standards Institute/American National Standards) standards [1]. In the last decade, there has been an increased interest in correlations among critical experiments used in validation that have shared physical attributes which impact the independence of each individual measurement [2]. Many of the frequently cited guidance documents on performing validation calculations were developed under the assumption that all individual measurements are independent [3,4], so little guidance is available to practitioners on the topic. Recent efforts have been made both to determine the magnitude of such, correlations between experiments [5] and to develop and apply methods for adjusting the bias and bias uncertainty to account for them [6]. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Marshall, W J AU - Rearden, B T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6170, USA, marshallwj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 867 EP - 870 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Safety KW - H 2000:Transportation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705087560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Experimental+Correlations+Using+the+Sampler+Sequence+Within+SCALE+6.2&rft.au=Marshall%2C+W+J%3BRearden%2C+B+T&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=867&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-09-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Safety ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the signature of the industrial revolution from Pb, Cd and Zn isotopes in the Susquehanna Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory AN - 1703690287; 2015-078410 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Ma, Lin AU - Guo, Jiye AU - Herndon, Elizabeth AU - Jin, Lixin AU - Sanchez, Diego AU - Brantley, Susan L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1552 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - zinc KW - isotope fractionation KW - isotopes KW - lead KW - iron ores KW - Petersburg Pennsylvania KW - sedimentary rocks KW - quantitative analysis KW - coal KW - tracers KW - Susquehanna Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory KW - cadmium KW - toxic materials KW - temperate environment KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - pollution KW - central Pennsylvania KW - geochemical cycle KW - history KW - Huntingdon County Pennsylvania KW - boiling KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - metal ores KW - Pennsylvania KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703690287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+signature+of+the+industrial+revolution+from+Pb%2C+Cd+and+Zn+isotopes+in+the+Susquehanna+Shale+Hills+Critical+Zone+Observatory&rft.au=Ma%2C+Lin%3BGuo%2C+Jiye%3BHerndon%2C+Elizabeth%3BJin%2C+Lixin%3BSanchez%2C+Diego%3BBrantley%2C+Susan+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Lin&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1552&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt abstracts 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boiling; cadmium; central Pennsylvania; coal; geochemical cycle; history; human activity; Huntingdon County Pennsylvania; iron ores; isotope fractionation; isotopes; lead; metal ores; metals; Pennsylvania; Petersburg Pennsylvania; pollutants; pollution; quantitative analysis; sedimentary rocks; soil pollution; Susquehanna Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory; temperate environment; toxic materials; tracers; United States; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury methylation by hgcAB+ methanogens AN - 1696876938; 2015-068748 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Gilmour, Cynthia C AU - Bullock, Allyson AU - Wetterauer, Alyssa AU - Podar, Mircea AU - Elias, Dwayne AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 804 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - methylation KW - complexing KW - rates KW - organo-metallics KW - iron KW - measurement KW - Methanomethylovorans hollandica KW - methylmercury KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - reduction KW - mercury KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696876938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Mercury+methylation+by+hgcAB%2B+methanogens&rft.au=Gilmour%2C+Cynthia+C%3BBullock%2C+Allyson%3BWetterauer%2C+Alyssa%3BPodar%2C+Mircea%3BElias%2C+Dwayne%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gilmour&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=194&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.00473-12 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; complexing; iron; measurement; mercury; metals; Methanomethylovorans hollandica; methylation; methylmercury; organo-metallics; rates; reduction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growth on barite and calcite, from a different perspective AN - 1696875945; 2015-068764 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Godinho, J R A AU - Stack, A G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 820 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - processes KW - nucleation KW - sulfates KW - saturation KW - electrolytes KW - crystal growth KW - barite KW - carbonates KW - calcite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696875945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Growth+on+barite+and+calcite%2C+from+a+different+perspective&rft.au=Godinho%2C+J+R+A%3BStack%2C+A+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Godinho&rft.aufirst=J+R&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=820&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - barite; calcite; carbonates; crystal growth; electrolytes; nucleation; processes; saturation; sulfates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complex interactions between metal ions, dissolved organic matter, and microbes on metal transformation and trafficking in the environment AN - 1696875850; 2015-068814 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 871 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - technetium KW - oxidation KW - solutes KW - bioavailability KW - adsorption KW - ions KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - metals KW - sulfur KW - anaerobic environment KW - uranium KW - reduction KW - actinides KW - microorganisms KW - mercury KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696875850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Complex+interactions+between+metal+ions%2C+dissolved+organic+matter%2C+and+microbes+on+metal+transformation+and+trafficking+in+the+environment&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=194&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.00474-12 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; adsorption; anaerobic environment; bioavailability; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; ions; mercury; metals; microorganisms; organic compounds; oxidation; reduction; solutes; sulfur; technetium; transport; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nano to macro-porosity of Eagle Ford and Marcellus Shales; characterization of porosity evolution AN - 1696875116; 2015-068786 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Gordon, A D AU - Stack, A G AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - McFarlane, J AU - Littrell, K C AU - Rother, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 843 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - maturity KW - Cretaceous KW - Paleozoic KW - human activity KW - characterization KW - petroleum KW - Eagle Ford Formation KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - cores KW - measurement KW - organic compounds KW - oil shale KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - Middle Devonian KW - Devonian KW - boreholes KW - total organic carbon KW - Marcellus Shale KW - Gulfian KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696875116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Nano+to+macro-porosity+of+Eagle+Ford+and+Marcellus+Shales%3B+characterization+of+porosity+evolution&rft.au=Gordon%2C+A+D%3BStack%2C+A+G%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BMcFarlane%2C+J%3BLittrell%2C+K+C%3BRother%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=843&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; characterization; cores; Cretaceous; Devonian; Eagle Ford Formation; Gulfian; human activity; Marcellus Shale; maturity; measurement; Mesozoic; Middle Devonian; mineral composition; oil shale; organic compounds; Paleozoic; petroleum; porosity; sedimentary rocks; total organic carbon; United States; Upper Cretaceous ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactions of soil organic matter with iron and iron-oxides on its sorption, transport and degradation AN - 1696874979; 2015-068815 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Herndon, Elizabeth AU - Mann, Benjamin AU - Bargar, John AU - Wullschleger, Stan AU - Graham, David AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 872 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - sorption KW - desorption KW - permafrost KW - hysteresis KW - degradation KW - iron oxides KW - complexing KW - global change KW - iron KW - climate change KW - laboratory studies KW - reactivity KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - carbon KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - Eh KW - global warming KW - soils KW - high-resolution methods KW - experimental studies KW - X-ray spectra KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696874979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Reactions+of+soil+organic+matter+with+iron+and+iron-oxides+on+its+sorption%2C+transport+and+degradation&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BHerndon%2C+Elizabeth%3BMann%2C+Benjamin%3BBargar%2C+John%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan%3BGraham%2C+David%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=872&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; chemical reactions; climate change; complexing; degradation; desorption; Eh; experimental studies; global change; global warming; high-resolution methods; hysteresis; iron; iron oxides; laboratory studies; metals; organic compounds; oxides; permafrost; reactivity; soils; sorption; spectra; transport; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sequestration of a pertechnetate analog, perrhenate, in mixed anionic sodalite AN - 1692746817; 2015-063321 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Dickson, Johnbull AU - Harsh, James AU - Pierce, Eric AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 554 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - chlorine KW - technetium KW - anions KW - Washington KW - sulfate ion KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - Hanford Site KW - Tc-99 KW - pertechnetate KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chloride ion KW - metals KW - sodalite group KW - framework silicates KW - sodalite KW - waste disposal KW - nitrate ion KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692746817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Sequestration+of+a+pertechnetate+analog%2C+perrhenate%2C+in+mixed+anionic+sodalite&rft.au=Dickson%2C+Johnbull%3BHarsh%2C+James%3BPierce%2C+Eric%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dickson&rft.aufirst=Johnbull&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=554&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anions; chloride ion; chlorine; framework silicates; ground water; halogens; Hanford Site; isotopes; metals; nitrate ion; pertechnetate; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; silicates; sodalite; sodalite group; sulfate ion; Tc-99; technetium; United States; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - (U)SANS and imaging analysis of changes in multiscale porosity in the St. Peter Sandstone with burial diagenesis AN - 1692746007; 2015-063224 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Cole, D R AU - Rother, G AU - Littrell, K AU - Wasbrough, M AU - Pipich, V AU - Fu, Z AU - Freiburg, J T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 57 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - capillary pressure KW - Middle Ordovician KW - sandstone KW - burial diagenesis KW - Arenac County Michigan KW - cores KW - Ordovician KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Montgomery County Illinois KW - Sangamon County Illinois KW - Saint Peter Sandstone KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - Marion County Illinois KW - Illinois KW - Paleozoic KW - overgrowths KW - Clinton County Illinois KW - porosity KW - X-ray data KW - diagenesis KW - reservoir properties KW - Michigan KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - image analysis KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692746007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=%28U%29SANS+and+imaging+analysis+of+changes+in+multiscale+porosity+in+the+St.+Peter+Sandstone+with+burial+diagenesis&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+L+M%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BRother%2C+G%3BLittrell%2C+K%3BWasbrough%2C+M%3BPipich%2C+V%3BFu%2C+Z%3BFreiburg%2C+J+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arenac County Michigan; burial diagenesis; capillary pressure; clastic rocks; Clinton County Illinois; cores; diagenesis; Illinois; image analysis; Marion County Illinois; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; Middle Ordovician; Montgomery County Illinois; Ordovician; overgrowths; Paleozoic; permeability; porosity; reservoir properties; Saint Peter Sandstone; sandstone; Sangamon County Illinois; sedimentary rocks; United States; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reproducibility of a groundwater microbial community in replicate bioreactors AN - 1692745987; 2015-063265 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Bailey, Kathryn L AU - Hurt, Richard A AU - Robeson, Michael S, II AU - Chowdhury, Taniya R AU - Zelaya, Anna AU - Fields, Matthew W AU - Arkin, Adam P AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Adams, Michael W W AU - Elias, Dwayne A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 98 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - anions KW - biodiversity KW - Oak Ridge Field Research Center KW - monitoring KW - communities KW - in situ KW - Oak Ridge Tennessee KW - sugars KW - ground water KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - biofilms KW - Tennessee KW - carbohydrates KW - bioreactors KW - ecology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692745987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Reproducibility+of+a+groundwater+microbial+community+in+replicate+bioreactors&rft.au=Bailey%2C+Kathryn+L%3BHurt%2C+Richard+A%3BRobeson%2C+Michael+S%2C+II%3BChowdhury%2C+Taniya+R%3BZelaya%2C+Anna%3BFields%2C+Matthew+W%3BArkin%2C+Adam+P%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BAdams%2C+Michael+W+W%3BElias%2C+Dwayne+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=Kathryn&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anions; biodiversity; biofilms; bioreactors; carbohydrates; communities; ecology; ground water; in situ; monitoring; Oak Ridge Field Research Center; Oak Ridge Tennessee; organic acids; organic compounds; Roane County Tennessee; sugars; Tennessee; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of the DiffeRential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis (DREAM) Method for Uncertainty Quantification in Inverse Transport Problems AN - 1692317590; PQ0001263129 AB - In the problem of inverse radiation transport, measurements of particle leakages from radioactive source/shield systems are used to infer unknown parameters within the systems. This reconstruction can be accomplished by finding the physical parameters of the unknown system that minimize the difference between calculated detector responses and measured detector responses. In recent years, a variety of optimization algorithms has been successfully applied to this task [1-4], but studies in quantification of uncertainties in the final calculated parameters for the unknown system have been limited, despite the fact that these parameters were determined by using information from detector measurements that contain inherent uncertainties. The Levenberg-Marquardt method employed in Ref. [1] provides a covariance matrix that gives a measure of uncertainty for problems in which errors are normally distributed and the model is linear in its parameters [5]. Reference [4] also provided quantified uncertainties in reconstructed parameters, although the method for propagating them from measurement uncertainties was not identified. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Bledsoe, Keith C AU - Favorite, Jeffrey A AU - Lefebvre, Jordan P AU - Lefebvre, Robert A AU - Jessee, Matthew A AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA bledsoekc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 743 EP - 746 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Uncertainty KW - Shields KW - Radiation transport KW - Mathematical models KW - Inverse KW - Tasks KW - Optimization KW - Evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692317590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Application+of+the+DiffeRential+Evolution+Adaptive+Metropolis+%28DREAM%29+Method+for+Uncertainty+Quantification+in+Inverse+Transport+Problems&rft.au=Bledsoe%2C+Keith+C%3BFavorite%2C+Jeffrey+A%3BLefebvre%2C+Jordan+P%3BLefebvre%2C+Robert+A%3BJessee%2C+Matthew+A&rft.aulast=Bledsoe&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Safeguards Considerations for Thorium Fuel Cycles and Associated Nondestructive Assay Challenges AN - 1692317325; PQ0001263036 AB - Many of the major fuel cycle concepts emerging worldwide today involve the use of thorium. Uranium-233 is a man-made product of the thorium fuel cycle, bred from naturally occurring fertile super(232)Th. Uranium-233 is a direct-use, fissile material and must be safeguarded. Under International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards, super(233)U is classed higher than super(235)U in terms of safeguards importance and is given the same importance as pure super(239)Pu. [1], It also has certain physical properties that make it attractive as a weapon-useable material, including its low specific spontaneous fission yield and low heat output [2], which are concerns from a nonproliferation standpoint. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Worrall, L G AU - Worrall, A AU - Croft, S AU - McElroy, R D AU - Krichinsky, A M AU - Pickett, C A AU - White-Horton, J L AU - Whitaker, J M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 worralllg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 387 EP - 389 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Physical properties KW - Thorium KW - Spontaneous KW - Fuel cycles KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Fissile materials KW - Atomic energy KW - Fission UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692317325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Safeguards+Considerations+for+Thorium+Fuel+Cycles+and+Associated+Nondestructive+Assay+Challenges&rft.au=Abercrombie%2C+Robert+K%3BUdoeyop%2C+Akaninyene+W%3BSchlicher%2C+Bob+G&rft.aulast=Abercrombie&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2012-05-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientometrics&rft.issn=01389130&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Comparison of Eigensolvers for the SP sub()NEquations AN - 1692315483; PQ0001263123 AB - Accurately describing the power distribution across an entire reactor core is a vital component of nuclear reactor design and analysis. Fully consistent angular discretizations of the neutron transport equation such as discrete ordinates and spherical harmonics generally require substantial computational resources, preventing their use by many analysts. Full core analyses have traditionally been performed using coarse mesh diffusion solvers, but such methods may be inadequate for advanced reactor designs [1]. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Hamilton, Steven AU - Evans, Tom AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 hamiltonsp@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 723 EP - 724 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Discretization KW - Design engineering KW - Solvers KW - Transport equations KW - Spherical harmonics KW - Diffusion KW - Reactor design KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692315483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=A+Comparison+of+Eigensolvers+for+the+SP+sub%28%29NEquations&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+Steven%3BEvans%2C+Tom&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=723&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CONSEQUENCE ASSESSMENT OF FUEL RECONFIGURATION FOR DRY STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION PACKAGES AN - 1692314979; PQ0001263020 AB - The consequences of fuel configuration changes with regard to SNF storage and transportation systems were evaluated in four technical disciplines: criticality, shielding (dose rates), containment, and thermal. Three failed fuel configuration categories were considered; the configurations were characterized by (1) cladding failure, (2) rod/assembly deformation without cladding failure, and (3) changes to assembly axial alignment without cladding failure. The analyses used representative SNF designs and storage cask/transportation packages, a range, of fuel initial enrichments, discharge burnup values, and decay times. Consequences with respect to the different technical disciplines for the failed fuel configuration categories were provided relative to the nominal intact configuration. The results indicate that while most potential failed fuel configurations do not have a dramatic impact on the areas investigated, certain configurations (e.g., those involving fuel axial relocation) can have significant adverse effects on criticality and dose rates. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Scaglione, J M AU - Radulescu, G AU - Robb, K AU - Marshall, W J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Bldg. 5700, MS-6170, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 scaglionejm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 330 EP - 333 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Transportation KW - Packages KW - Cladding KW - Fuels KW - Dosage KW - Failure KW - Assembly KW - Categories UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692314979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=CONSEQUENCE+ASSESSMENT+OF+FUEL+RECONFIGURATION+FOR+DRY+STORAGE+AND+TRANSPORTATION+PACKAGES&rft.au=Scaglione%2C+J+M%3BRadulescu%2C+G%3BRobb%2C+K%3BMarshall%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Scaglione&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=330&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thorium Fuel Cycle Pilot Experiences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory AN - 1692313206; PQ0001263039 AB - Thorium-uranium-233 fuels were processed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Radiochemical Pilot Plant, in kilogram-scale operations from 1954 to 1986 [1]. These operations were primarily aqueous separations and allied conversion technologies and included development and use of dissolution methods, chemical separations (including the THOREX and INT-23 flowsheets), and conversion of product super(233)U from a nitrate solution to uranium dioxide powder using the ammonium diuranate precipitation, centrifugation, microwave drying, and calcination process. Early development of the sol-gel conversion process was also included. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Collins, E D AU - Patton, B D AU - Krichinsky, A M AU - Williams, D F AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd., Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6423 collinsed@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 395 EP - 396 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Sol gel process KW - Separation KW - Pilot plants KW - Drying KW - Dissolution KW - Conversion KW - Chemical separation KW - Research facilities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692313206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Thorium+Fuel+Cycle+Pilot+Experiences+at+Oak+Ridge+National+Laboratory&rft.au=Collins%2C+E+D%3BPatton%2C+B+D%3BKrichinsky%2C+A+M%3BWilliams%2C+D+F&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Considerations for Disposition of Dry Cask Storage System Materials at End of Storage System Life AN - 1692312949; PQ0001263021 AB - Spent fuel storage practices have evolved in response to the federal government's failure to accept SNF from nuclear power operators. Delays in establishing a repository have resulted in the expansion of on-site spent fuel storage. What was once envisioned as short-term wet storage has been augmented by expanded pool storage (re-racking) and the addition of dry storage. A variety of dry storage systems have been and .continue to be developed and deployed. The storage systems are either single purpose (storage only) or dual purpose (storage and transportation), but none were designed or are currently licensed for disposal. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - van den Akker, Bret AU - Howard, Rob AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road P.O. Box 2008, MS-6170 OakRidge, TN 37831-6170 Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 334 EP - 337 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Operators KW - Nuclear power KW - Storage systems KW - Transportation KW - Repositories KW - Delay KW - Spent nuclear fuels KW - Drying UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692312949?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Considerations+for+Disposition+of+Dry+Cask+Storage+System+Materials+at+End+of+Storage+System+Life&rft.au=van+den+Akker%2C+Bret%3BHoward%2C+Rob&rft.aulast=van+den+Akker&rft.aufirst=Bret&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=334&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nuclear Data Adjustment with SAMMY Based on Integral Experiments AN - 1692312638; PQ0001263153 AB - The objective of this work is to allow the coupling of differential and integral data evaluation in a continuous-energy framework arid, more specifically, to use the Generalized Linear Least-Squares (GLLS) methodology employed in the TSURFER module of the SCALE code package [1] to update the parameters of a resolved resonance region evaluation directly. Recognizing that the GLLS methodology in TSURFER is identical to the mathematical description of a simple Bayesian update carried out in-SAMMY [2], the computer code SAMINT was created to help use the mathematical machinery of SAMMY to update resolved resonance parameters based on integral data. Minimal modifications of SAMMY are required when used with SAMINT to make resonance parameter updates based on integral experimental data. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Sobes, Vladimir AU - Leal, Luiz AU - Arbanas, Goran AD - Nuclear Data and Criticality Safety Group, RNSD, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831 sobesv@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 843 EP - 845 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Computer programs KW - Packages KW - Mathematical models KW - Integrals KW - Recognition KW - Least squares method KW - Methodology KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692312638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Nuclear+Data+Adjustment+with+SAMMY+Based+on+Integral+Experiments&rft.au=Sobes%2C+Vladimir%3BLeal%2C+Luiz%3BArbanas%2C+Goran&rft.aulast=Sobes&rft.aufirst=Vladimir&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=843&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fully Ceramic Microencapsulated Fuel in FHRs: A Preliminary Reactor Physics Assessment AN - 1692312541; PQ0001263245 AB - Fully ceramic microencapsulated (FCM) fuel consists of microencapsulated coated fuel particles embedded in a silicon carbide (SiC) matrix [1-3]. FCM technology development efforts have been conducted mostly at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) as part of the United States Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy. Advanced Fuels Campaign. Numerous organizations have investigated applications of FCM fuel in light water reactors (LWRs) [4]. A couple of efforts began considering FCM fuel in advanced reactors, but these studies were largely conceptual [5,6]. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Powers, Jeffrey J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 powersjj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1196 EP - 1199 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Ceramic Abstracts/World Ceramics Abstracts (WC); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Ceramics KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Fuels KW - Silicon carbide KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Light water reactors KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692312541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Fully+Ceramic+Microencapsulated+Fuel+in+FHRs%3A+A+Preliminary+Reactor+Physics+Assessment&rft.au=Powers%2C+Jeffrey+J&rft.aulast=Powers&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1196&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Performance Enhancements to the SCALE TSUNAMI-3D Generalized Response Sensitivity Capability AN - 1692305320; PQ0001263132 AB - The sensitivity and uncertainty analysis tools of the SCALE nuclear modeling and simulation code system have been developed over the last decade and have proven indispensable for numerous application and design studies for nuclear criticality safety and reactor physics [1]. Recent advancements in SCALE TSUNAMI (Tools for Sensitivity and UNcertainty Analysis Methodology Implementation) methods have enabled sensitivity analysis in continuous-energy Monte Carlo calculations for neutron reaction rate and flux tallies [2] [3]. This work documents recent advancements in the TSUNAMI-3D generalized response sensitivity methodology that have resulted in significantly enhanced computational performance for these analysis tools. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Perfetti, Christopher M AU - Rearden, Bradley T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS 6170, P.O. Box 2008, OakRidge, TN 37831 perfetticm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 755 EP - 759 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Uncertainty KW - Computer simulation KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Performance enhancement KW - Nuclear safety KW - Reactor physics KW - Nuclear engineering KW - Methodology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692305320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Performance+Enhancements+to+the+SCALE+TSUNAMI-3D+Generalized+Response+Sensitivity+Capability&rft.au=Perfetti%2C+Christopher+M%3BRearden%2C+Bradley+T&rft.aulast=Perfetti&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=755&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-09-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal Modeling Capability Development for As-Loaded Commercial Used Nuclear Fuel Casks AN - 1692303461; PQ0001263026 AB - Used nuclear fuel is being stored in dry cask storage for longer times than the original certification period. To understand the implications of system aging requires various data and analysis tools. The Used Nuclear Fuel-Storage, Transportation & Disposal Analysis Resource and Data System (UNF-ST&DARDS) is being developed for the US Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy to streamline analyses for the waste management system. UNF-ST&DARDS provides a unified domestic UNF system database and integration with key analysis capabilities [1]. The Unified Database encompasses the technical data required to perform analyses as well as data to support waste management system program planning, design, and operational requirements. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Robb, Kevin R AU - Devoe, Remy R AU - Michener, Thomas E AU - Scaglione, John M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory: P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830 robbkr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 353 EP - 356 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Casks KW - Databases KW - Barrels (containers) KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Offices KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Data base management systems KW - Waste management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692303461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Thermal+Modeling+Capability+Development+for+As-Loaded+Commercial+Used+Nuclear+Fuel+Casks&rft.au=Robb%2C+Kevin+R%3BDevoe%2C+Remy+R%3BMichener%2C+Thomas+E%3BScaglione%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Robb&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of Thorium Fuel Processing on Waste Generation Rates AN - 1692303342; PQ0001263033 AB - If one is ONLY looking at this single criterion, a few observations can be drawn. [bullet] Some continuous recycle options not requiring enrichment consistently performed well (e.g., uranium based EG23, EG24, EG29, EG30, EG33, and EG34 and thorium based EG40) independent of the various ways the five nuclear waste metrics could be combined. [bullet] Once-through fuel cycle options with very high-burnup thorium or uranium- fuels generally performed well under this criterion (e.g., uranium based EG04 and EG07, and thorium based EG06 and EG08). [bullet] The use of thorium feed fuel adversely affects the activity metrics (particularly at 100,000 years) and tends to somewhat degrade the performance of the options utilizing thorium feed. The fact that some of the Th/U fuel options require enrichment did not help performance. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Jubin, R T AU - Taiwo, T AU - Wigeland, R AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 jubinrt@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 375 EP - 378 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Thorium KW - Uranium KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Enrichment KW - Criteria KW - Bullets KW - Projectiles UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692303342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Impact+of+Thorium+Fuel+Processing+on+Waste+Generation+Rates&rft.au=Jubin%2C+R+T%3BTaiwo%2C+T%3BWigeland%2C+R&rft.aulast=Jubin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ORNL Nuclear Data Evaluation Accomplishments for FY 2013 AN - 1692303002; PQ0001263137 AB - This paper[a] describes data evaluation work performed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in fiscal year 2013 (FY 2013) in the resonance region in response to needs identified in criticality safety applications. The elements and materials evaluated are prioritized and listed in Appendix D of the Five-Year Execution Plan of the Nuclear Criticality Safety Program (NCSP)[1] that is available at the NCSP website (ncsp.llnl.gov). The evaluation work was performed on the experimental cross-section data measured at the Gaerttner Linear Accelerator (LINAC)[2] located at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) in the USA and at the Geel Electron Linear Accelerator (GELINA)[3] in Belgium. The data analysis and evaluations were carried out using the generalized least squares fitting code SAMMY[4] in the resolved and unresolved resonance energy ranges. In addition to the resonance evaluation, ORNL has started collaborative work with the Institute of Radiological Protection in France (IRSN) aimed at performing integral benchmark experiment testing to verify the performance of the resulting evaluated nuclear data library in criticality safety applications. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Leal, L AU - Sobes, V AU - Pigni, M AU - Guber, K AU - Arbanas, G AU - Wiarda, D AU - Dunn, M AU - Ivanov, E AU - Ivanova, T AU - Letang, E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 780 EP - 783 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Energy (nuclear) KW - Data processing KW - Nuclear safety KW - Least squares method KW - Linear accelerators KW - Collaborative work KW - Cross sections KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692303002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=ORNL+Nuclear+Data+Evaluation+Accomplishments+for+FY+2013&rft.au=Leal%2C+L%3BSobes%2C+V%3BPigni%2C+M%3BGuber%2C+K%3BArbanas%2C+G%3BWiarda%2C+D%3BDunn%2C+M%3BIvanov%2C+E%3BIvanova%2C+T%3BLetang%2C+E&rft.aulast=Leal&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=780&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-09-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Liquid Fuel Molten Salt Reactors for Thorium Utilization AN - 1692302998; PQ0001263017 AB - Molten salt reactors (MSRs) represent a class of reactors that involve the use of liquid salt (either a fluoride or chloride salt) as either coolant with a solid fuel (such as fluoride salt-cooled high temperature reactors)[1] or with fuel dissolved in liquid salt that also serves as the coolant material. For dissolved-fuel MSRs, the salt can be processed additionally, either online or in a batch mode, to allow for removal of fission products and introduction of fissile fuel and fertile materials during reactor operation. MSR concepts have been developed with both thermal and fast neutron spectra and with uranium, thorium, and plutonium fuels. The MSR has been selected as a Generation IV system.[2] JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Gehin, Jess C AU - Powers, Jeffrey J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 318 EP - 321 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Dissolution KW - Coolants KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Fluorides KW - Liquids KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692302998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Liquid+Fuel+Molten+Salt+Reactors+for+Thorium+Utilization&rft.au=Gehin%2C+Jess+C%3BPowers%2C+Jeffrey+J&rft.aulast=Gehin&rft.aufirst=Jess&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=155602&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanotechnology&rft.issn=1361-6528&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0957-4484%2F23%2F15%2F155602 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated Data and Analysis Tool for Used Nuclear Fuel Management AN - 1692300334; PQ0001263022 AB - This paper introduces, a comprehensive, integrated data and analysis tool-the Used Nuclear Fuel-Storage, Transportation & Disposal Analysis Resource and Data System (UNF-ST&DARDS). UNF-ST&DARDS provides a unified UNF system database and integration with key analysis capabilities to support numerous US Department of Energy (DOE) waste management and fuel cycle-related objectives, as well as the foundation for tracking UNF from reactor power production through ultimate disposal. Initial development of UNF-ST&DARDS has been a collaborative effort among multiple national laboratories and several utilities. A unique, unprecedented capability within UNF-ST&DARDS is the automated performance of actual as-loaded, cask-specific safety evaluations. This paper presents an overview of UNF-ST&DARDS, with emphasis on cask-specific criticality safety analysis. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Banerjee, K AU - Scaglione, J M AU - LeFebvre, R A AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 banerjeek@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 338 EP - 341 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Databases KW - Nuclear safety KW - Waste disposal KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Data base management systems KW - Tools KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692300334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Integrated+Data+and+Analysis+Tool+for+Used+Nuclear+Fuel+Management&rft.au=Banerjee%2C+K%3BScaglione%2C+J+M%3BLeFebvre%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Banerjee&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=338&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-04 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fuel Cycle Assessment: Evaluation and Analyses Using ORION for US Fuel Cycle Options AN - 1692300287; PQ0001263003 AB - The US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Nuclear Energy chartered evaluation and screening (E&S) of potential nuclear fuel cycle options to help prioritize future research and development decisions [1]. Previous work for this E&S study focused on establishing equilibrium conditions for analysis examples of 40 nuclear fuel cycle evaluation groups (EGs) and then evaluating their performance according to a set of standardized metrics. The fuel cycle EGs encompass various options for system characteristics including neutron energy spectrum, reactor operating mode (critical or subcriticai), fuel cycle approach (once-through, limited reprocessing, or continuous reprocessing), and primary natural resource (uranium or thorium). JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Sunny, Eva AU - Gregg, Robert AU - Ault, Tim AU - Gehin, Jess AU - Peterson, Josh AU - Powers, Jeff AU - Worrall, Andrew AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831 sunnyee@.ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 253 EP - 256 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Energy (nuclear) KW - Fuel cycles KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Reprocessing KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692300287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Fuel+Cycle+Assessment%3A+Evaluation+and+Analyses+Using+ORION+for+US+Fuel+Cycle+Options&rft.au=Sunny%2C+Eva%3BGregg%2C+Robert%3BAult%2C+Tim%3BGehin%2C+Jess%3BPeterson%2C+Josh%3BPowers%2C+Jeff%3BWorrall%2C+Andrew&rft.aulast=Sunny&rft.aufirst=Eva&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nuclear Data Advisory Group Technical Support for the US Nuclear Criticality Safety Program AN - 1692300250; PQ0001263138 AB - The US Nuclear Criticality Safety Program (NCSP) is chartered with maintaining the technical infrastructure necessary to ensure safe, efficient operations with fissionable material throughout the Department of Energy (DOE) Complex [1]. The NCSP is funded by the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) and is supported by the Nuclear Data Advisory Group (NDAG) and the Criticality Safety Support Group (CSSG) regarding technical issues and by the Criticality Safety Coordinating Team (CSCT), consisting of federal criticality safety practitioners at the sites regarding DOE field criticality safety issues. Charters for the CSSG, NDAG, and the CSCT can be found on the NCSP website (http://ncsn.llnl.gov/), and these support groups perform the technical support functions for the NCSP. With regard to nuclear data needs, the NDAG assists in the coordination of NCSP nuclear data work activities to address high-priority data needs for criticality safety applications. The objective of this paper[a] is to provide the current status of the NDAG and report on work accomplishments for FY2013. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Dunn, Michael E AD - Reactor and Nuclear Systems Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6171, USA; Interim Chair of the Nuclear Criticality Safety Program Nuclear Data Advisory Group dunnme@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 784 EP - 787 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Infrastructure KW - Technical services KW - Energy (nuclear) KW - Websites KW - Nuclear safety KW - Computer information security KW - Nuclear engineering KW - Fissionable materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692300250?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Nuclear+Data+Advisory+Group+Technical+Support+for+the+US+Nuclear+Criticality+Safety+Program&rft.au=Dunn%2C+Michael+E&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=784&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-04 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A web-based tool for preparing FGDC-CSDGM metadata AN - 1686058917; 2015-051518 AB - The newly developed Online Metadata Editor (OME) is a Web-based tool that allows users to create and maintain XML files containing key information, or metadata, about the research. Metadata include information about the specific projects, parameters, time periods, and locations associated with the data. Such information helps put the research findings in context. In addition, the metadata produced using OME will allow other researchers to find these data via Metadata clearinghouses like Mercury. OME is part of ORNL's Mercury software fleet. It was jointly developed to support projects funded by the USGS, NASA, DOE and NOAA. OME's architecture provides a customizable interface to support project-specific requirements. Researchers simply use OME to enter relevant metadata into a Web-based form. From the information on the form, the Metadata Editor can create an XML file on the server that the editor is installed or to the user's personal computer. The produced XML file is in a structured "scientific metadata" format called Federal Geophysical Data Committee (FGDC). Researchers can also use OME to modify existing FGDC XML metadata files. As an example, an NGEE Arctic scientist use OME to register their datasets to the NGEE data archive and allows the NGEE archive to publish these datasets via a data search portal (http://ngee.ornl.gov/data). These descriptive metadata created using OME allows the Archives' to enable advanced data search options using keyword, geo-spatial, temporal and ontology filters. OME allows data centers like NGEE to produce high quality descriptive information about their data in-turn helping with the data discoverability. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Devarakonda, Ranjeet AU - Palanisamy, Giri AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 741 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686058917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress+%26+Sustainable+Energy&rft.atitle=Molecular+simulation+as+a+tool+for+studying+lignin&rft.au=Sangha%2C+Amandeep+K%3BPetridis%2C+Loukas%3BSmith%2C+Jeremy+C%3BZiebell%2C+Angela%3BParks%2C+Jerry+M&rft.aulast=Sangha&rft.aufirst=Amandeep&rft.date=2012-04-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress+%26+Sustainable+Energy&rft.issn=19447442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fep.10628 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2014 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing groundwater alteration by hydaulic fracturing using radionuclides and stable isotopes AN - 1680756049; 2015-043964 AB - Hydraulic fracturing used for shale gas extraction has garnered a great deal of attention and criticism regarding its potential to pollute shallow groundwater and surface water. Over the past decade, several studies have shown that hydraulic fracturing may cause contamination of groundwater and/or surface water. However, the broader scientific literature on this subject is still limited in terms of methodological scope and geographic context, and has been focused primarily on conventional, water-based hydraulic fracturing techniques implemented in the Marcellus Shale region of western Pennsylvania, USA. As a result, the applicability of these findings in alternative shale gas plays - e.g., the shallower Chattanooga Shale, which is fractured using nitrogen foam instead of water - remains largely untested. This study characterizes groundwater in Letcher County, Kentucky, USA using chemical and isotopic tracers to identify indicators of water pollution from hydraulic fracturing in the Chattanooga Shale. Groundwater samples collected from private drinking water wells have been analyzed for: 1) concentrations of major ions, metals, methane gas, and radon gas; 2) delta (super 13) C and delta (super 2) H composition of CH (sub 4) ; and 3) delta (super 34) S and delta (super 18) O composition of SO (sub 4) . Results from these analyses have been analyzed for each sample site using multiple regression to determine correlations between drinking well water composition and proximity to hydraulically fractured shale gas wells. The methods and analyses implemented in this study are meant to largely mimic previous research in the Marcellus Shale region to verify its applicability in shallower drilling contexts that use less hydraulically-intensive methods to fracture shale deposits. The chemical composition of the studied groundwater from the Chattanooga Shale has shown different variations compared to the Marcellus Shale. Concentrations of methane gas have shown to marginally increase with proximity to the hydraulically fractured shale gas wells. In contrast, concentrations of radon gas have not exhibited a pattern as a function of proximity to hydraulically fractured wells. The wide variation of delta (super 34) S in dissolved sulfate (-1.2 to +34.3 ppm) suggests mixing processes between waters of different origin and/or subsequent alteration by microbial sulfate reduction. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - LeDoux, St Thomas Majeau AU - Szynkiewicz, Anna AU - Mayes, M A AU - Faiia, Anthony M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 692 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680756049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Characterizing+groundwater+alteration+by+hydaulic+fracturing+using+radionuclides+and+stable+isotopes&rft.au=LeDoux%2C+St+Thomas+Majeau%3BSzynkiewicz%2C+Anna%3BMayes%2C+M+A%3BFaiia%2C+Anthony+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=LeDoux&rft.aufirst=St+Thomas&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=692&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2014 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The electrochemical reactions of pure indium with Li and Na: Anomalous electrolyte decomposition, benefits of FEC additive, phase transitions and electrode performance AN - 1678008182; 19975233 AB - Indium thin films were evaluated as an anode material for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries (theoretical capacities uf 1012 mAh g super(-1) for Li ami 467 mAh g super(-1) for Na). XRD ilaia leveai liiai several known Li-in phases (Liln, Li sub(3)ln sub(2), Liln sub(2) and Li sub(13)In sub(3)) form providing 950 mAh g super(-1) reversible capacity. In contrast, the reaction with Na is severely limited (75-125 mAh g super(-1)). XRD data of short-circuited cells (40 h at 65 [degrees]C) show the coexistence of Naln, In, and an unknown Na sub(x)In phase. In electrodes exhibit anomalous electrolyte decomposition characterized by large discharge plateaus at 1.4 V vs Li/Li super(+) and 0.9 V vs Na/Na super(+). The presence of 5 wt% fluoroethylene carbonate additive suppresses the occurrence of the electrolyte decomposition during the first cycle but does not necessarily prevent it upon further cycling. Prevention of the anomalous decomposition can be achieved by restricting the (discharge voltages, increasing the current or by using larger amounts of FEC. The native surface oxides (In sub(2)O sub(3)) are responsible for the pronounced electrolyte decomposition during the first cycle while other In super(3+) species are responsible during the subsequent cycles. We also show that indium electrodes can exhibit very high rate capability for both Li (100 C-rate) and Na (30 C-rate). JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Webb, Samantha A AU - Baggetto, Loic AU - Bridges, Craig A AU - Veith, Gabriel M AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1105 EP - 1117 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 248 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Indium (In) sputtered thin films KW - Lithium-ion anode KW - Sodium-ion anode KW - Anomalous electrolyte decomposition KW - Benefits of fluoroethylene additive (FEC) KW - additive KW - Very high rate performance KW - Discharge KW - Electrolytes KW - Indium KW - Electrodes KW - Indium oxides KW - Electric potential KW - Decomposition KW - Additives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1678008182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=The+electrochemical+reactions+of+pure+indium+with+Li+and+Na%3A+Anomalous+electrolyte+decomposition%2C+benefits+of+FEC+additive%2C+phase+transitions+and+electrode+performance&rft.au=Webb%2C+Samantha+A%3BBaggetto%2C+Loic%3BBridges%2C+Craig+A%3BVeith%2C+Gabriel+M&rft.aulast=Webb&rft.aufirst=Samantha&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=248&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2013.10.033 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.10.033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prompt-Nubar Calculations for 27 Actinides AN - 1671605451; 20432504 AB - The Madland-Nix methodology for the calculation of prompt-nubar has been used by a number of investigators (e.g., Madland-Nix [1], Maslov et al. [2,3], and Brady et al. [4]) In our previous work [4], we calculated both prompt-nubar and the prompt fission neutron spectmm parameters. Prompt-nubar is given by the following equation: (ProQuest: Formulae and/or non-USASCII text omitted) where is the average energy release (see below), B sub(n) is the separation energy (Chart of the Nuclides), E sub(n) is the kinetic energy of the incident neutron (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 15, 20 MeV in these analyses), sub(tot) is the total average fission fragment kinetic energy, is the total average prompt gamma energy: = 0.028 A + 0.09, is the average fission fragment neutron separation energy, is the average center of mass energy of the emitted neutrons. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Wright, Richard Q AU - Brady-Raap, Michaele C AU - Westfall, Robert M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352 Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 572 EP - 574 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Separation KW - Texts KW - Kinetic energy KW - Emittance KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Fragmentation KW - Fission KW - Actinides UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671605451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Prompt-Nubar+Calculations+for+27+Actinides&rft.au=Wright%2C+Richard+Q%3BBrady-Raap%2C+Michaele+C%3BWestfall%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=572&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fission Product Distribution in AGR-1 TRISO Fuel Particles with Varying Silver Retention AN - 1671592505; 20432557 AB - Tristructural isotropic (TRISO) coated particle fuel is a promising fuel form for use in various advanced reactor concepts capable of expanding the safety and utility of nuclear energy. TRISO fuel is being developed under the US Department of Energy's Nuclear Reactor Technologies Initiative in support of Advanced Reactor Technologies. The current domestic TRISO particle is an ~350 or ~425-pm-diameter spherical kemel of mixed uranium carbide/uranium oxide (UCO) surrounded by four concentric coating layers: a 100- mu m-thick buffer layer, 40-pm-thick inner pyrolitic carbon (IPyC) layer, 35- mu m-thick chemical vapor deposited (CVD) silicon carbide (SiC) layer, and 40- mu m-thick outer pyrolitic carbon layer (OPyC). Following particle fabrication, individual particles are over-coated with a resinated graphite powder and compacted into 25-mm-long, 12.4-mm-diameter cylinders containing thousands of particles in a carbonaceous matrix. Per the development plan, a series of fuel irradiations have been initiated to qualify the fuel from the laboratory to the commercial scale [1], The first in this series of fuel irradiations (denoted as AGR-1) was completed in the Advanced Test Reactor at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) in November 2009, and is currently undergoing post-irradiation examination (PIE) [2]. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Gerczak, Tyler J AU - Hunn, John D AU - Baldwin, Charles A AU - Morris, Robert N AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6093, USA gerczaktj@oml.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 770 EP - 773 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Carbon KW - Fuels KW - Silicon carbide KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Chemical vapor deposition KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671592505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Fission+Product+Distribution+in+AGR-1+TRISO+Fuel+Particles+with+Varying+Silver+Retention&rft.au=Gerczak%2C+Tyler+J%3BHunn%2C+John+D%3BBaldwin%2C+Charles+A%3BMorris%2C+Robert+N&rft.aulast=Gerczak&rft.aufirst=Tyler&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=770&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pressureless Joining of SiC by Transient Eutectic-Phase Method AN - 1671505674; 20432587 AB - The development of silicon carbide (SiC) joints that retain adequate mechanical and functional properties in service environment is essential for the use of SiC and its composites as structural components for fission reactors and blanket structures for fusion reactors [1]. Effects of neutron irradiation on the material performance are among the most critical factors under normal operation conditions. The objective of this study is the development of irradiation-tolerant joining technologies for SiC ceramics and composites for use as LWR fuel cladding. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Koyanagi, T AU - Kiggans, J AU - Shih, C AU - Katoh, Y AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 koyanagit@oml.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 863 EP - 864 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Ceramic Abstracts/World Ceramics Abstracts (WC); Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Ceramics KW - Joining KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Eutectics KW - Cladding KW - Fuels KW - Silicon carbide KW - Neutron irradiation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671505674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Pressureless+Joining+of+SiC+by+Transient+Eutectic-Phase+Method&rft.au=Koyanagi%2C+T%3BKiggans%2C+J%3BShih%2C+C%3BKatoh%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Koyanagi&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam.2012.3899 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The memory effect; in situ electron donor biodegradation rates as a function of exposure history in a shallow groundwater system AN - 1660632997; 2015-019184 AB - Microbial-mediated redox reactions in groundwater systems can result in significant degradation or immobilization of contaminants that are harmful to the environment and human health. Groundwater conditions can be perturbed to stimulate native microbial communities via the addition of electron donors, electron acceptors, and/or nutrients in order to increase the rates of contaminant transformation. The degradation rates of an electron donor are well known to vary widely between study sites depending on several site-specific factors including the physical characteristics of the solid subsurface media, the chemical species and concentrations of electron acceptors, and the structure and function of the microbial community. Recent scientific studies have suggested that the electron donor degradation rate can vary significantly within a single monitoring well based on the short-term exposure history of the groundwater system. Moreover, groundwater remediation practitioners suggest that the electron donor degradation rate can increase as a function of exposure history even after the physical and chemical conditions of the groundwater system have returned to their initial, pre-electron donor addition state; we refer to this as the "memory effect". The objective of this study is to rigorously characterize and control the physical and chemical groundwater system conditions before, during and after repeated electron donor exposures in order to scientifically describe the memory effect. The experimental field site is located at the Oak Ridge Field Research Center in Oak Ridge, Tennessee where previous scientific studies focused on electron donor additions for reduction and immobilization of radionuclides. The most recent electron donor addition was in 2005 and the site has since been under natural conditions. This study will use the single well push-pull method to repeatedly expose a shallow and unconfined aquifer to ethanol (electron donor) and nitrate (electron acceptor). The biodegradation rate of ethanol under nitrate-reducing conditions will be compared between groundwater wells with and without a short-term exposure history. The memory effect described here may have broader implications on degradation rates of other electron donors that are contaminants such as crude oil and its refined products. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Paradis, Charles J AU - Jagadamma, Sindhu AU - Fortney, Julian L AU - Mehlhorn, Tonia AU - Parker, Jack C AU - Watson, David B AU - McKay, Larry D AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 65 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660632997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+memory+effect%3B+in+situ+electron+donor+biodegradation+rates+as+a+function+of+exposure+history+in+a+shallow+groundwater+system&rft.au=Paradis%2C+Charles+J%3BJagadamma%2C+Sindhu%3BFortney%2C+Julian+L%3BMehlhorn%2C+Tonia%3BParker%2C+Jack+C%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BMcKay%2C+Larry+D%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Paradis&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2014 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-05 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variability of pore accessibility to gas in closely-spaced Barnett Shale samples AN - 1660632396; 2015-019223 AB - Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and ultra-small angle neutron scattering (USANS) with contrast matching techniques were used to investigate size distribution and gas accessibility in pores in an approximately 10.6 cm long Mississippian Barnett Shale core. SANS and USANS measurements record scattering from all pores, both open and closed, in the size range approximately 10 mu m-10 nm. The techniques can also be used to determine the phase (organic or mineral composition) that contains pores and the number of pores as a function of size. By injecting CD (sub 4) gas at contrast matching pressure it is possible to distinguish which pores are accessible, or open, to gas and which ones are not. We measured the variability in the fraction of accessible pores in three (approximately 16 mm in diameter and 0.5 mm in thickness) wafers cut from the core. One of the wafers was obtained from near the top of the butt core and the other two were obtained from within approximately 2 mm of one another from the middle of the core. SANS and USANS results show that the larger pores ( approximately 10 mu m-100 nm) in the sample from the top of the core were more accessible (80-90%) to gas than the smaller pores (100-10 nm). In contrast, the largest pores in the samples taken within 2 mm of one another were only approximately 50-60% accessible to gas. Results of this study show that samples taken from within centimeters of one another can differ in their pore structure and accessibility, even if they have similar bulk organic and mineral compositions. Other techniques that utilize small samples may have similar issues of subsample representation. Although cutting-edge techniques offer results that allow us to answer fundamental questions on the structure, connectivity, and accessibility of pores that contain hydrocarbons in unconventional reservoirs, any conclusions based on small samples, no matter what micro-technology is utilized, must be used with caution and should not be used to characterize reservoirs at play or resource levels. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ruppert, Leslie F AU - Sakurovos, Richard AU - Blach, Tomasz P AU - Melnichenko, Yuri AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 72 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660632396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Variability+of+pore+accessibility+to+gas+in+closely-spaced+Barnett+Shale+samples&rft.au=Ruppert%2C+Leslie+F%3BSakurovos%2C+Richard%3BBlach%2C+Tomasz+P%3BMelnichenko%2C+Yuri%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ruppert&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2014 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-05 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Degradation of Concrete for Nuclear Structures: Identified Mechanisms and Knowledge Gaps AN - 1651444544; 20432639 AB - The electric power industry manages among the most important concrete infrastructures in the nation: nuclear generating stations, large hydro-electric dams and transmission tower foundations. Long perceived as passive components requiring only visual inspection and low-maintenance, these structures receive increased attention due to their criticality in the perspective of extended life operation. Although some knowledge and best-practice may be transfered, in particular, from the hydro-electric industry and the transportation sector, the nuclear industry operates in unique conditions and a more stringent regulation environment. The projected license extension of numerous commercial NPPs beyond sixty years of operations has established a renewed interest on long term aging of concrete in particular. The Light Water Reactor Sustainability Program aims to identify and study the effects of the most prominent degradations for concrete in nuclear structures [1]. Radiation and Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) were identified as top priorities in terms of structural significance and knowledge gaps by an experts panel from the industry, academia and the regulatory body primarily because: (i) the concrete biological shield or the reactor pressure vessel support structure are subjected to chronic radiation exposure [2] that may affect the mechanical properties of concrete, (ii) several occurrences of alkali-silica reaction have been reported in nuclear power plants in Canada, France and Japan, and one more recently in the United States. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Le Pape, Yann AU - Field, Kevin G AU - Busby, Jeremy AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1019 EP - 1020 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Ceramic Abstracts/World Ceramics Abstracts (WC); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear structure KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Degradation KW - Alkali-silica reactions KW - Licenses KW - Concrete industry KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Concretes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651444544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Degradation+of+Concrete+for+Nuclear+Structures%3A+Identified+Mechanisms+and+Knowledge+Gaps&rft.au=Le+Pape%2C+Yann%3BField%2C+Kevin+G%3BBusby%2C+Jeremy&rft.aulast=Le+Pape&rft.aufirst=Yann&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1019&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-04 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparative multidimensional LC-MS proteomic analysis reveals mechanisms for furan aldehyde detoxification in Thermoanaerobacter pseudethanolicus 39E AN - 1642622255; 21181107 AB - Background: Chemical and physical pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass improves substrate reactivity for increased microbial biofuel production, but also restricts growth via the release of furan aldehydes, such as furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF). The physiological effects of these inhibitors on thermophilic, fermentative bacteria are important to understand; especially as cellulolytic strains are being developed for consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) of lignocellulosic feedstocks. Identifying mechanisms for detoxification of aldehydes in naturally resistant strains, such as Thermoanaerobacter spp., may also enable improvements in candidate CBP microorganisms. Results: Thermoanaerobacter pseudethanolicus 39E, an anaerobic, saccharolytic thermophile, was found to grow readily in the presence of 30 mM furfural and 20 mM 5-HMF and reduce these aldehydes to their respective alcohols in situ. The proteomes of T. pseudethanolicus 39E grown in the presence or absence of 15 mM furfural were compared to identify upregulated enzymes potentially responsible for the observed reduction. A total of 225 proteins were differentially regulated in response to the 15 mM furfural treatment with 152 upregulated versus 73 downregulated. Only 87 proteins exhibited a twofold or greater change in abundance in either direction. Of these, 54 were upregulated in the presence of furfural and 33 were downregulated. Two oxidoreductases were upregulated at least twofold by furfural and were targeted for further investigation. Teth39_1597 encodes a predicted butanol dehydrogenase (BdhA) and Teth39_1598, a predicted aldo/keto reductase (AKR). Both genes were cloned from T. pseudethanolicus 39E, with the respective enzymes overexpressed in E. coli and specific activities determined against a variety of aldehydes. Overexpressed BdhA showed significant activity with all aldehydes tested, including furfural and 5-HMF, using NADPH as the cofactor. Cell extracts with AKR also showed activity with NADPH, but only with four-carbon butyraldehyde and isobutyraldehyde. Conclusions: T. pseudethanolicus 39E displays intrinsic tolerance to the common pretreatment inhibitors furfural and 5-HMF. Multidimensional proteomic analysis was used as an effective tool to identify putative mechanisms for detoxification of furfural and 5-HMF. T. pseudethanolicus was found to upregulate an NADPH-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase 6.8-fold in response to furfural. In vitro enzyme assays confirmed the reduction of furfural and 5-HMF to their respective alcohols. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Clarkson, Sonya M AU - Hamilton-Brehm, Scott D AU - Giannone, Richard J AU - Engle, Nancy L AU - Tschaplinski, Timothy J AU - Hettich, Robert L AU - Elkins, James G AD - BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37831-6341, TN, USA Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 165 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Thermophiles KW - Lignocellulosic KW - Biofuels KW - Proteomics KW - Inhibitor KW - Pretreatment KW - Furfural KW - 5-hydroxymethylfurfural KW - Butanol dehydrogenase KW - Detoxification KW - Alcohol dehydrogenase KW - Thermophilic bacteria KW - Enzymes KW - Drug tolerance KW - Thermoanaerobacter KW - butanol KW - Furans KW - Biomass KW - NADP KW - reductase KW - Cofactors KW - Escherichia coli KW - Microorganisms KW - oxidoreductase KW - proteomics KW - Aldehydes KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642622255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=A+comparative+multidimensional+LC-MS+proteomic+analysis+reveals+mechanisms+for+furan+aldehyde+detoxification+in+Thermoanaerobacter+pseudethanolicus+39E&rft.au=Clarkson%2C+Sonya+M%3BHamilton-Brehm%2C+Scott+D%3BGiannone%2C+Richard+J%3BEngle%2C+Nancy+L%3BTschaplinski%2C+Timothy+J%3BHettich%2C+Robert+L%3BElkins%2C+James+G&rft.aulast=Clarkson&rft.aufirst=Sonya&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fs13068-014-0165-z L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/7/1/165 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Detoxification; Thermophilic bacteria; Alcohol dehydrogenase; Drug tolerance; Enzymes; Biomass; Furans; butanol; NADP; Cofactors; reductase; Microorganisms; oxidoreductase; proteomics; Aldehydes; Biofuels; Furfural; Escherichia coli; Thermoanaerobacter DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-014-0165-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a Short-Duration Drive Cycle to Represent Long-Term Measured Drive Cycle Data: Evaluation of Truck Efficiency Technologies in Class 8 Tractor Trailers AN - 1642220424; 20920878 AB - This paper presents a detailed analysis of vehicle usage in a commercial vehicle fleet and demonstrates the development of a short-duration synthetic drive cycle with measured drive cycle data collected over an extended period of time. Drive cycle measurements obtained during a full year from six tractor trailers in normal operations in a less-than-truckload carrier were analyzed to develop a synthetic drive cycle. The vehicle mass was also estimated to account for the variation of loads that the fleet experienced. These drive cycle and mass data were analyzed with a tractive energy analysis to quantify the benefits in terms of fuel efficiency and reduced carbon dioxide emissions that can be achieved on Class 8 tractor trailers by using advanced efficiency technologies, either individually or in combination. The methodology employed for generating the synthetic drive cycle serves as a rigorous approach to develop an accurate usage characterization that can be used to effectively compress large quantities of drive cycle data. JF - Transportation Research Record AU - LaClair, Tim J AU - Gao, Zhiming AU - Fu, Joshua S AU - Calcagno, Jimmy AU - Yun, Jeongran AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Transportation Research Center, 2360 Cherahala Boulevard, Knoxville, TN 37932 laclairtj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 63 EP - 74 PB - Transportation Research Board VL - 2 IS - 2428 SN - 0361-1981, 0361-1981 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Tractor trailers KW - Energy use KW - Transportation KW - Emissions control KW - Fuel consumption KW - Trucks KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Emission analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642220424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+Short-Duration+Drive+Cycle+to+Represent+Long-Term+Measured+Drive+Cycle+Data%3A+Evaluation+of+Truck+Efficiency+Technologies+in+Class+8+Tractor+Trailers&rft.au=LaClair%2C+Tim+J%3BGao%2C+Zhiming%3BFu%2C+Joshua+S%3BCalcagno%2C+Jimmy%3BYun%2C+Jeongran&rft.aulast=LaClair&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2428&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.issn=03611981&rft_id=info:doi/10.3141%2F2428-08 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-06 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2428-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biophysical characterization of HgcA, a protein required for the biosynthesis of methylmercury AN - 1637542797; 2014-101819 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Johs, Alexander AU - Tomanicek, Stephen J AU - Belic, Angela AU - Rush, Katherine W AU - Parks, Jerry M AU - Riccardi, Demian AU - Smith, Jeremy C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1166 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - organic compounds KW - X-ray data KW - methylmercury KW - bacteria KW - characterization KW - anaerobic environment KW - ferredoxin KW - proteins KW - organo-metallics KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637542797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Biophysical+characterization+of+HgcA%2C+a+protein+required+for+the+biosynthesis+of+methylmercury&rft.au=Johs%2C+Alexander%3BTomanicek%2C+Stephen+J%3BBelic%2C+Angela%3BRush%2C+Katherine+W%3BParks%2C+Jerry+M%3BRiccardi%2C+Demian%3BSmith%2C+Jeremy+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Johs&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; bacteria; characterization; ferredoxin; methylmercury; organic compounds; organo-metallics; proteins; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ionization in "wet" CO (sub 2) determined by conductivity measurements from 298 to 473K and 8 to 20 MPa AN - 1637536563; 2014-104956 AB - Geoengineering projects such as CO (sub 2) sequestration and enhanced geothermal energy production involve injection of CO (sub 2) into deep formations. Injection of CO (sub 2) into these formations will result in the dissolution of some water into the CO (sub 2) . Recent experimental studies suggest that water-bearing ("wet") carbon dioxide is highly reactive, and may react with minerals and other materials, but the mechanism(s) behind these reactions are not well understood. If "wet" CO (sub 2) is as reactive recent studies show, it could corrode equipment such as drill pipes and turbines in power plants and impact CO (sub 2) storage security. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the reactivity of "wet" CO (sub 2) . Two of these mechanisms involve ionization of carbonic acid, either in the bulk fluid or within a thin film at the fluid-solid interface. Other possibilities include direct interaction of molecular CO (sub 2) and/or H (sub 2) O with certain materials. In this study we determined the degree to which ionization in the bulk fluid might explain the reactivity of "wet" CO (sub 2) using a flow-through conductivity cell. Our conductivity measurements are sensitive to ionization in a bulk fluid but insensitive to thin films and neutral species. We found no relationship between conductivity and the concentration of H (sub 2) O in CO (sub 2) (from <1 ppmw to saturation) at 298 K and 8 MPa. The conductivity of "wet" CO (sub 2) was indistinguishable from "dry" CO (sub 2) , and the total conductivity was much less than that of ultra-pure water at ambient conditions. From 298 to 473 K and 8 to 20 MPa, there was no detectible difference between "dry" and "wet" CO (sub 2) (up to 1500-1600 ppmw H (sub 2) O). The total conductivity of these solutions in some cases is comparable to the apparent conductivity of vacuum. The absence of measureable conductivity in "wet" CO (sub 2) indicates that the concentration of mobile ions is vanishingly small at these PTX conditions, which include conditions where "wet" CO (sub 2) has been shown to be highly reactive. We confirm the predictions of prior workers that ionization of carbonic acid in bulk "wet" CO (sub 2) (if any) is not sufficient to explain observed rates of corrosion at these PTX conditions. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Capobianco, Ryan M AU - Gruszkiewicz, Miroslaw S AU - Bodnar, Robert J AU - Rimstidt, J Donald AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 18 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637536563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Ionization+in+%22wet%22+CO+%28sub+2%29+determined+by+conductivity+measurements+from+298+to+473K+and+8+to+20+MPa&rft.au=Capobianco%2C+Ryan+M%3BGruszkiewicz%2C+Miroslaw+S%3BBodnar%2C+Robert+J%3BRimstidt%2C+J+Donald%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Capobianco&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 63rd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic porosity in shale; similarities and differences in closely spaced samples of Barnett Shale AN - 1629943690; 2014-093974 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Ruppert, Leslie F AU - Sakurovs, Richard AU - Blach, Tomasz P AU - Melnichenko, Yuri B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2132 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - resources KW - Mississippian KW - shale KW - Paleozoic KW - Carboniferous KW - Barnett Shale KW - petroleum KW - samples KW - porosity KW - variations KW - measurement KW - organic compounds KW - sedimentary rocks KW - clastic rocks KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629943690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Organic+porosity+in+shale%3B+similarities+and+differences+in+closely+spaced+samples+of+Barnett+Shale&rft.au=Ruppert%2C+Leslie+F%3BSakurovs%2C+Richard%3BBlach%2C+Tomasz+P%3BMelnichenko%2C+Yuri+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ruppert&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Barnett Shale; Carboniferous; clastic rocks; measurement; Mississippian; organic compounds; Paleozoic; petroleum; porosity; resources; samples; sedimentary rocks; shale; United States; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional phylogenomics analysis of bacteria and archaea using consistent genome annotation with UniFam AN - 1618151294; 20846228 AB - Background: Phylogenetic studies have provided detailed knowledge on the evolutionary mechanisms of genes and species in Bacteria and Archaea. However, the evolution of cellular functions, represented by metabolic pathways and biological processes, has not been systematically characterized. Many clades in the prokaryotic tree of life have now been covered by sequenced genomes in GenBank. This enables a large-scale functional phylogenomics study of many computationally inferred cellular functions across all sequenced prokaryotes. Results: A total of 14,727 GenBank prokaryotic genomes were re-annotated using a new protein family database, UniFam, to obtain consistent functional annotations for accurate comparison. The functional profile of a genome was represented by the biological process Gene Ontology (GO) terms in its annotation. The GO term enrichment analysis differentiated the functional profiles between selected archaeal taxa. 706 prokaryotic metabolic pathways were inferred from these genomes using Pathway Tools and MetaCyc. The consistency between the distribution of metabolic pathways in the genomes and the phylogenetic tree of the genomes was measured using parsimony scores and retention indices. The ancestral functional profiles at the internal nodes of the phylogenetic tree were reconstructed to track the gains and losses of metabolic pathways in evolutionary history. Conclusions: Our functional phylogenomics analysis shows divergent functional profiles of taxa and clades. Such function-phylogeny correlation stems from a set of clade-specific cellular functions with low parsimony scores. On the other hand, many cellular functions are sparsely dispersed across many clades with high parsimony scores. These different types of cellular functions have distinct evolutionary patterns reconstructed from the prokaryotic tree. JF - BMC Evolutionary Biology AU - Chai, Juanjuan AU - Kora, Guruprasad AU - Ahn, Tae-Hyuk AU - Hyatt, Doug AU - Pan, Chongle AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2014///0, PY - 2014 DA - 0, 2014 SP - 207 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB United Kingdom VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1471-2148, 1471-2148 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Prokaryotes KW - Cellular function KW - Pathway KW - Genomes KW - Evolution KW - Phylogenomics KW - Phylogeny KW - Bacteria KW - Databases KW - Archaea KW - Metabolic pathways KW - protein families KW - Nodes KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - G 07770:Bacteria KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618151294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Evolutionary+Biology&rft.atitle=Functional+phylogenomics+analysis+of+bacteria+and+archaea+using+consistent+genome+annotation+with+UniFam&rft.au=Chai%2C+Juanjuan%3BKora%2C+Guruprasad%3BAhn%2C+Tae-Hyuk%3BHyatt%2C+Doug%3BPan%2C+Chongle&rft.aulast=Chai&rft.aufirst=Juanjuan&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Evolutionary+Biology&rft.issn=14712148&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fs12862-014-0207-y L2 - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/14/207 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Genomes; Databases; Metabolic pathways; protein families; Prokaryotes; Nodes; Evolution; Bacteria; Archaea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-014-0207-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidation of SiC in High-Temperature Water Vapor AN - 1567082179; 20432575 AB - Silicon Carbide (SiC), originally used as the pressure vessel in coated fuel particles, is now considered a mature nuclear material [1]. Particularly after it became available in the fiber form [2], SiC/SiC composites, offering good toughness and formability were developed that enabled the potential for deployment as structural components in fission and fusion platforms. Although myriad of SiC materials are undergoing active development and deployment for aerospace and other energy applications, many decades of nuclear reserach and development has identified specific requirements for nuclear grade SiC that essentially necessitates high-purity and crystallinity in the material [3, 4]. Accordingly, chemical vapor deposited (CVD) SiC is considered the most representative of this grade. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Terroni, Kurt A AD - Fusion and Materials for Nuclear Systems Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA terranika@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 827 EP - 828 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Energy (nuclear) KW - Aircraft components KW - Water vapor KW - Pressure vessels KW - Toughness KW - Silicon carbide KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Chemical vapor deposition UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567082179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Oxidation+of+SiC+in+High-Temperature+Water+Vapor&rft.au=Terroni%2C+Kurt+A&rft.aulast=Terroni&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=827&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phase Stability and Mechanical Properties of Nuclear Grade FeCrAl Under LWR-Relevant Neutron Irradiation AN - 1567080114; 20432598 AB - Several nuclear-grade FeCrAl alloys have been developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) which have the potential to serve as enhanced accident tolerant nuclear fuel cladding alloys. Initial tests on FeCrAl alloys have indicated higher oxidation resistance in high temperature steam environments up to 1475 [degrees]C compared to the industry standard Zr alloys for fuel cladding materials [1, 2]. Several model alloys have been developed to probe the contributions of Cr and Al on FeCrAl material properties including corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, weldbability and mechanical properties [3, 4]. It has been shown that Cr additions increase the corrosion and oxidation resistance, however, past experience on high-Cr alloys for nuclear applications indicate formation of Cr-rich alpha ' phases is possible at elevated temperatures and elevated irradiation damage doses [5]. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Field, K G AU - Yamamoto, Y AU - Snead, L L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory: 1 Bethel Valley Road Building 4515, MS6064, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 896 EP - 897 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); Corrosion Abstracts (CO); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aluminium Industry Abstracts (AI) KW - Phase stability KW - Chromium KW - Cladding KW - Aluminum KW - Neutron irradiation KW - Alloys KW - Oxidation resistance KW - Mechanical properties UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567080114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Phase+Stability+and+Mechanical+Properties+of+Nuclear+Grade+FeCrAl+Under+LWR-Relevant+Neutron+Irradiation&rft.au=Field%2C+K+G%3BYamamoto%2C+Y%3BSnead%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=896&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - UN Kernel Development for Fully Ceramic Microencapsulated Fuels for LWRs AN - 1567072516; 20432576 AB - Uranium mononitride (UN) has been proposed for use in fast reactors and for UO sub(2) replacement in traditional light water reactors because of potential benefits offered by its chemical and physical properties such as high fissile metal density, high melting point [1], and high thermal conductivity [2]. As part of the US Department of Energy (DOE) Fuel Cycle Research Development activity at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), evaluation of different synthesis routes and optimization experiments for producing large quantities of dense UN or uranium carbonitride (UCN) are underway. The particular application envisioned is that of the Fully Ceramic Microencapsulated (FCM) fuel [3], which is being considered as a Light Water Reactor (LWR) replacement fuel for UO sub(2), and requires a higher fissile metal density kernel than the typical UCO kemels of gas-cooled reactor microencapsulated tristructural isotropic (TRISO) fuels- hence the need for UN. Although the chemical compatibility of U(C, N) in the pellet form with the coolant water needs to be considered in LWR systems, the FCM fuel offers the SiC matrix that acts as an effective barrier for such an interaction. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Silva, Chinthaka M AU - Hunt, Rodney D AU - Terrani, Kurt A AU - Voit, Stewart R AU - Lindemer, Terrence B AU - Besmann, Theodore M AU - Snead, Lance L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, United States; University of Tennessee Knoxville, TN 37996, United States Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 831 EP - 833 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Ceramic Abstracts/World Ceramics Abstracts (WC); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Uranium KW - Fuels KW - Density KW - Silicon carbide KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Light water reactors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567072516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=UN+Kernel+Development+for+Fully+Ceramic+Microencapsulated+Fuels+for+LWRs&rft.au=Silva%2C+Chinthaka+M%3BHunt%2C+Rodney+D%3BTerrani%2C+Kurt+A%3BVoit%2C+Stewart+R%3BLindemer%2C+Terrence+B%3BBesmann%2C+Theodore+M%3BSnead%2C+Lance+L&rft.aulast=Silva&rft.aufirst=Chinthaka&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=831&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of Silicon Carbide Composite Technologies for Nuclear Applications AN - 1567071131; 20432563 AB - Silicon carbide (SiC)-based ceramics have been studied as refractory nuclear materials since early application of chemically vapor-deposited SiC in high temperature gas-cooled reactor fuels [1], Invention of continuous SiC-based fiber by Yajima et al. [2] opened a way to manufacture the SiC fiber-reinforced SiC matrix (SiC/SiC) composites that combine the inherent high temperature strength and oxidation resistance for SiC and engineered damage tolerance for continuous fiber composites. Today SiC/SiC composites are industrially produced through various processing routes and are finding growing market as specialty high performance materials for both civil and defense applications, including near-term jet engine components for passenger aircrafts. After the development of radiation-tolerant SiC/SiC composites [3], these materials have extensively been studied toward applications in nuclear fission and fusion energy systems. Additional benefits of SiC-based materials in nuclear systems include their exceptional low activation/low decay heat properties, neutron transparency, and low tritium permeability. The present paper overviews the current development status and critical issues for SiC/SiC composites as nuclear materials. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Katoh, Y AU - Snead, L L AU - Terrani, K A AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 katohy@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 793 EP - 795 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Ceramic Abstracts/World Ceramics Abstracts (WC); Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Activation KW - Continuous fiber composites KW - Silicon carbide KW - Continuous fibers KW - Markets KW - Oxidation resistance KW - Gas turbine engines KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567071131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Development+of+Silicon+Carbide+Composite+Technologies+for+Nuclear+Applications&rft.au=Katoh%2C+Y%3BSnead%2C+L+L%3BTerrani%2C+K+A&rft.aulast=Katoh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=793&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Irradiated Microsphere Gamma Analyzer for Examination of Particle Fuel AN - 1567063924; 20432594 AB - Fabrication of the first series of fuel compacts for the current US tristructural isotropic (TRISO) coated particle fuel development and qualification effort was completed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in 2006. In November of 2009, after almost 3 years and 620 effective full power days of irradiation in the Advanced Test Reactor at Idaho National Laboratory (INL), the first Advanced Gas Reactor irradiation test (AGR-1) was concluded. Compacts were irradiated at a calculated time-averaged, volume-averaged temperature of 955-1136[degrees]C to a burnup ranging from 11.2-19.5% fissions per initial metal atom and a total fast fluence of 2.2-4.3 times 10 super(25) n/m super(2) [1]. No indication of fission product release from TRISO coating failure was observed during the irradiation test, based on real-time monitoring of gaseous fission products. Post-irradiation examination (PIE) and high-temperature safety testing of the compacts has been in progress at both ORNL and INL since 2010, and have revealed small releases of a limited subset of fission products (such as silver, cesium, and europium). JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Baldwin, Charles A AU - Morris, Robert N AU - Hunn, John D AU - Demkowicz, Paul A AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6295, USA baldwinca@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 883 EP - 885 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Fission products KW - Indication KW - Irradiation KW - Fuels KW - Europium KW - Failure KW - Compacts KW - Silver UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567063924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Irradiated+Microsphere+Gamma+Analyzer+for+Examination+of+Particle+Fuel&rft.au=Baldwin%2C+Charles+A%3BMorris%2C+Robert+N%3BHunn%2C+John+D%3BDemkowicz%2C+Paul+A&rft.aulast=Baldwin&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=883&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal Annealing of Reactor Pressure Vessels: International Experience and U.S. Perspectives AN - 1567063860; 20432467 AB - Some of the current fleet of nuclear power plants is poised to reach their end of life and will require an operating life time extension. Therefore, the main stmctural components, including the reactor pressure vessel (RPV), will be subject to higher neutron exposures than originally planned. These longer operating times raise serious concerns regarding our ability to manage the reliability of RPV steels at such high doses. Thermal annealing is the only option that can, to some degree, recover irradiated beltline region transition temperature shift and recover upper shelf energy properties lost during radiation exposure and extend RPV service life. This paper reviews the experience accumulated internationally with development and implementation of thermal annealing to RPV and potential perspectives for carrying out thermal annealing on US nuclear power plant RPVs. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Sokolov, Mikhail A AU - Nanstad, Randy K AU - Server, William AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831 sokolovm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 425 EP - 429 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Annealing KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Pressure vessels KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Service life KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567063860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Thermal+Annealing+of+Reactor+Pressure+Vessels%3A+International+Experience+and+U.S.+Perspectives&rft.au=Sokolov%2C+Mikhail+A%3BNanstad%2C+Randy+K%3BServer%2C+William&rft.aulast=Sokolov&rft.aufirst=Mikhail&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Progress in Mechanistic Understanding of Nuclear Materials AN - 1567063128; 20432572 AB - The foundation of Don Olander's career is replete with investigations of scientific mechanisms that control observed physical and thermochemical behavior in nuclear energy systems. His visionary research accomplishments continue to serve as an inspiration for all researchers in the field of nuclear fuels and materials. Building upon this legacy, in this presentation I will review progress in fundamental understanding of thee important nuclear materials topics and then briefly discuss potential application. A second research thrust area where considerable new insight has been gained over the past 25 years is defect accumulation behavior during irradiation, including the roles of extrinsic variables such as damage rate, pulsed irradiation effects, transmutation products, injected ions, surface proximity, and applied stress. Examples of key phenomena will be presented for different irradiation temperature and dose regimes. Finally, the prospects for developing new types of accident tolerant cladding and fuel forms for light water reactors will be briefly discussed. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Zinkle, S J AD - University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 szinkle@utk.edu Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 821 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Transmutation KW - Cladding KW - Irradiation KW - Construction materials KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Light water reactors KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567063128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Progress+in+Mechanistic+Understanding+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.au=Zinkle%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Zinkle&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=821&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Future Recycle of Used Nuclear Fuel in the United States-Resolution of Issues AN - 1567063106; 20432382 AB - In 2007, the American Nuclear Society revised its Policy Statement #45[1], supporting recycle of used nuclear fuel (UNF) in the United States. The policy statement identified two primary issues, costs and nonproliferation requirements, and recommended research and development (R&D) to resolve these issues. In 2012, the Blue Ribbon Commission (BRC) on America's Nuclear Future concluded that it is premature to seek consensus on recycling UNF and instead recommended storage of UNF pending the development of a geologic repository.[2] JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Collins, E D AU - DelCul, G D AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd., Oak Ridge, IN 37831-6423 collinsed@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 79 EP - 80 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Costs KW - Policies KW - Research and development KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Ribbons KW - Geology KW - Recycling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567063106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Future+Recycle+of+Used+Nuclear+Fuel+in+the+United+States-Resolution+of+Issues&rft.au=Collins%2C+E+D%3BDelCul%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential Effect of Interfacial Bonding on Used Nuclear Fuel Vibration Reliability AN - 1567059532; 20432379 AB - It is important to understand and to quantify the effect of varying degrees of bonding at the pellet-pellet and pellet-clad interfaces of the used nuclear fuel (UNF) system under normal transportation conditions. The potential impact of interfacial bonding efficiency at pellet-pellet and pellet-clad interfaces of UNF was investigated with surrogate rod using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) for its vibration integrity study. Bending moments (M) are applied to the FEA models to evaluate the system responses of the surrogate rods. From the induced curvature, Kappa , the flexural rigidity EI can be estimated as EI = M/ Kappa . The result indicates that the flexural rigidity of the surrogate rod and the bending moment bearing capacity between the clad and fuel pellets are strongly dependent on the efficiency of interfacial bonding at the pellet-pellet and pellet-clad interfaces. The FEA simulation results were also validated and benchmarked with reversible bending fatigue test results [1] on surrogate rods consisting of stainless steel (SS) tubes with alumina-pellet inserts. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Wang, Jy-An AU - Jiang, Hao AU - Wang, Hong AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory: 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 wangja@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 65 EP - 68 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aluminium Industry Abstracts (AI) KW - Finite element method KW - Rigidity KW - Vibration KW - Bonding KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Bending moments KW - Rods KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567059532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Potential+Effect+of+Interfacial+Bonding+on+Used+Nuclear+Fuel+Vibration+Reliability&rft.au=Wang%2C+Jy-An%3BJiang%2C+Hao%3BWang%2C+Hong&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Jy-An&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Zeolite Membranes for the Separation of Radioactive Krypton and Xenon AN - 1567056157; 20432384 AB - The goal of this work was to identify and fabricate zeolitic membranes that can separate radioisotope krypton-85 (half-life 10.72 years) and xenon (Xe) gas released during spent nuclear fuel reprocessing. In spent nuclear fuel reprocessing, fissionable plutonium and uranium are recovered from spent nuclear fuel and recycled. During the process, krypton-85 and xenon are released from the spent nuclear fuel as process off-gas. The off-gas also contains NO, NO sub(2), super(129)I, super(85)Kr, super(14)CO sub(2), tritium (as super(3)H sub(2)O), and air, and is usually vented to the atmosphere as waste without removing many of the radioactive components, such as super(85)Kr. Currently, the United States does not reprocess spent nuclear fuel. However, the U.S. has partnered with the international nuclear community to develop a "closed" nuclear fuel cycle that efficiently recycles all used nuclear fuel and safely disposes all radioactive waste byproducts.[1] This research supports the U.S. mission through the development of zeolitic membranes that can separate super(85)Kr from nuclear reprocessing off-gas for capture and longterm storage as nuclear waste. The implementation of an super(85)Kr/Xe separation step in the nuclear fuel cycle yields two main advantages. The primary advantage is reducing the volume of super(85)Kr contaminated gas that must be stored as radioactive waste. A secondary advantage is possible revenue generated from the sale of purified Xe. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Crawford, Phillip AU - Bhave, Ramesh AU - Nair, Sankar AD - Georgia Institute of Technology: 311 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30318 Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 82 EP - 85 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Radioactive waste KW - Separation KW - Xenon KW - Plutonium KW - Membranes KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Spent nuclear fuels KW - Reprocessing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567056157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Zeolite+Membranes+for+the+Separation+of+Radioactive+Krypton+and+Xenon&rft.au=Crawford%2C+Phillip%3BBhave%2C+Ramesh%3BNair%2C+Sankar&rft.aulast=Crawford&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alloying and Grain Boundary Structure Effects on the Radiation Induced Segregation Response in Type 304 Variants Under Neutron Irradiation AN - 1567055771; 20432641 AB - Type 304 stainless steels are one of the main core internal materials used in light water reactors (LWRs). The life extension of existing LWRs imposes significant challenges to this class of material, as core internals will see a marked increase in accumulated damage dose while in-service. One area of concern is radiation-induced segregation (RIS). RIS has been studied extensively for austenitic alloys and been shown to be dependent on many variables including damage dose, dose rate, point defect binding to specific alloying elements, and the nature of defect sinks, including grain boundaries [1]. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Field, K G AU - Gussev, M N AU - Busby, J T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL): 1 Bethel Valley Road Building 4515, MS6064, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1025 EP - 1026 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); METADEX (MD); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Austenitic stainless steels KW - 304 KW - Damage KW - Grain boundaries KW - Segregations KW - Dosage KW - Alloys KW - Light water reactors KW - Crystal defects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567055771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Alloying+and+Grain+Boundary+Structure+Effects+on+the+Radiation+Induced+Segregation+Response+in+Type+304+Variants+Under+Neutron+Irradiation&rft.au=Field%2C+K+G%3BGussev%2C+M+N%3BBusby%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1025&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - RESULTS FOR THE INTERMEDIATE-SPECTRUM ZEUS BENCHMARK OBTAINED WITH NEW super(63,65)Cu CROSS-SECTION EVALUATIONS AN - 1567055669; 20432434 AB - The Initial Set of Zeus Experiments: Intermediate-Spectrum Critical Assemblies with a Graphite-HEU Core Surrounded by a Copper Reflector, is a set of four criticality safety benchmarks labeled as HEU-MET-INTER-006 by the International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project (ICSBEP) (Ref. 1). The geometry of the benchmarks basically consists of a cylindrical core, which is a stack of HEU disks separated by a number of graphite disks, and a copper reflector. The number of graphite disks separating the HEU fuel disks decreases across the four Zeus cases to achieve a hardening of the neutron spectrum. The final C/ super(235)U ratios are presented in Table I. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Sobes, Vladimir AU - Leal, Luiz AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6170 sobesv@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 278 EP - 281 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Graphite KW - Nuclear safety KW - Reflectors KW - Tables (data) KW - Disks KW - Copper KW - Benchmarking KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567055669?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=RESULTS+FOR+THE+INTERMEDIATE-SPECTRUM+ZEUS+BENCHMARK+OBTAINED+WITH+NEW+super%2863%2C65%29Cu+CROSS-SECTION+EVALUATIONS&rft.au=Sobes%2C+Vladimir%3BLeal%2C+Luiz&rft.aulast=Sobes&rft.aufirst=Vladimir&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=278&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogen desorption kinetics from zirconium hydride and zirconium metal in vacuum AN - 1562673741; 20432998 AB - The kinetics of hydrogen desorption from zirconium hydride is important in many nuclear design and safety applications. In this paper, a coordinated experimental and modeling study has been used to explicitly demonstrate the applicability of existing kinetic theories for hydrogen desorption from zirconium hydride and alpha -zirconium. A static synthesis method was used to produce delta -zirconium hydride, and the crystallographic phases of the zirconium hydride were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Three obvious stages, involving delta -zirconium hydride, a two-phase region, and alpha -zirconium, were observed in the hydrogen desorption spectra of two zirconium hydride specimens with H/Zr ratios of 1.62 and 1.64, respectively, which were obtained using thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS). A continuous, one-dimensional, two-phase moving boundary model, coupled with the zero- and second-order kinetics of hydrogen desorption from delta -zirconium hydride and alpha -zirconium, respectively, has been developed to reproduce the TDS experimental results. A comparison of the modeling predictions with the experimental results indicates that a zero-order kinetic model is valid for description of hydrogen flux away from the delta -hydride phase, and that a second-order kinetic model works well for hydrogen desorption from alpha -Zr if the activation energy of desorption is optimized to be 70% of the value reported in the literature. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Hu, Xunxiang AU - Terrani, Kurt A AU - Wirth, Brian D AD - Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, hux1@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 87 EP - 95 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 448 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Metals KW - Desorption KW - Safety KW - Zirconium KW - Hydrogen KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Spectroscopy KW - Safety engineering KW - Kinetics KW - Energy KW - Radioactive materials KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562673741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Hydrogen+desorption+kinetics+from+zirconium+hydride+and+zirconium+metal+in+vacuum&rft.au=Hu%2C+Xunxiang%3BTerrani%2C+Kurt+A%3BWirth%2C+Brian+D&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Xunxiang&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=448&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.01.028 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Metals; Desorption; Safety engineering; Energy; Kinetics; Safety; Radioactive materials; Zirconium; Hydrogen; Spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.01.028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of neutron irradiation on mechanical properties of silicon carbide composites fabricated by nano-infiltration and transient eutectic-phase process AN - 1562673707; 20433043 AB - Unidirectional silicon carbide (SiC)-fiber-reinforced SiC matrix (SiC/SiC) composites fabricated by a nanoinfiltration and transient eutectic-phase (NITE) process were irradiated with neutrons at 600 [degrees]C to 0.52 dpa, at 830 [degrees]C to 5.9 dpa, and at 1270 [degrees]C to 5.8 dpa. The in-plane and trans-thickness tensile and the inter-laminar shear properties were evaluated at ambient temperature. The mechanical characteristics, including the quasi-ductile behavior, the proportional limit stress, and the ultimate tensile strength, were retained subsequent to irradiation. Analysis of the stress-strain hysteresis loop indicated the increased fiber/matrix interface friction and the decreased residual stresses. The inter-laminar shear strength exhibited a significant decrease following irradiation. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Koyanagi, Takaaki AU - Ozawa, Kazumi AU - Hinoki, Tatsuya AU - Shimoda, Kazuya AU - Katoh, Yutai AD - Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Cokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan, koyanagit@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 478 EP - 486 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 448 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Composite materials KW - Fibers KW - Silicon KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Stress KW - Hysteresis KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562673707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Computation+and+Validation+of+Effective+Diffusion+Coefficient+in+a+Magnesium+Polycrystal&rft.au=Radhakrishnan%2C+Bala%3BKulkarni%2C+Nagraj%3BSohn%2C+Yongho%3BHunter%2C+Jerry&rft.aulast=Radhakrishnan&rft.aufirst=Bala&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fibers; Composite materials; Silicon; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Stress; Hysteresis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.10.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary assessment of accident-tolerant fuels on LWR performance during normal operation and under DB and BDB accident conditions AN - 1562673691; 20433047 AB - Following the severe accidents at the Japanese Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station in 2011, the US Department of Energy initiated research and development on the enhancement of the accident tolerance of light water reactors by the development of fuels/cladding that, in comparison with the standard UO sub(2)/Zircaloy (Zr) system, can tolerate loss of active cooling in the core for a considerably longer time period while maintaining or improving the fuel performance during normal operations. Analyses are presented that illustrate the impact of these new candidate fuel/cladding materials on the fuel performance at normal operating conditions and on the reactor system under DB and BDB accident conditions. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Ott, L J AU - Robb, K R AU - Wang, D AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6167, USA, ottlj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 520 EP - 533 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 448 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Accidents KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Radioactive materials KW - Nuclear energy KW - Research programs KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562673691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Preliminary+assessment+of+accident-tolerant+fuels+on+LWR+performance+during+normal+operation+and+under+DB+and+BDB+accident+conditions&rft.au=Ott%2C+L+J%3BRobb%2C+K+R%3BWang%2C+D&rft.aulast=Ott&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=448&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=520&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.09.052 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear power plants; Accidents; Nuclear reactors; Fuels; Radioactive materials; Nuclear fuels; Nuclear energy; Research programs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.09.052 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Magnetic phase formation in irradiated austenitic alloys AN - 1562673645; 20433022 AB - Iron-based austenitic alloys are often observed to develop magnetic properties during irradiation, possibly associated with the radiation-induced acceleration of ferrite phase formation. Some of the parametric sensitivities of this phenomenon have been addressed using a series of alloys irradiated in the BOR-60 reactor at 593 K. An increase in magnetic phase amount for all alloys was observed over the 0-12 dpa dose range. However, magnetic phase (ferrite according to TEM results) did not appear to continuously increase at higher doses (above 12 dpa) but did tend to saturate. The formation of a magnetic phase in austenitic stainless steels during irradiation at 593 K appeared to be sensitive to alloy composition. It was found that silicon and manganese accelerated ferrite accumulation in the dose range of 0-12 dpa, whereas carbon and probably molybdenum resisted it. Also, an increase in grain size resisted ferrite formation, but cold work was found to stimulate it. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Gussev, M N AU - Busby, J T AU - Tan, L AU - Garner, F A AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6151, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, gussevmn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 294 EP - 300 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 448 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Particle size KW - Sensitivity KW - Silicon KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Magnetic properties KW - Irradiation KW - Molybdenum KW - Radioactive materials KW - Alloys KW - Steel KW - Manganese KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562673645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Magnetic+phase+formation+in+irradiated+austenitic+alloys&rft.au=Gussev%2C+M+N%3BBusby%2C+J+T%3BTan%2C+L%3BGarner%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Gussev&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=448&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=294&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.02.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Sensitivity; Silicon; Nuclear reactors; Magnetic properties; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Molybdenum; Alloys; Steel; Manganese DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.02.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fission product release and survivability of UN-kernel LWR TRISO fuel AN - 1562673599; 20433037 AB - A thermomechanical assessment of the LWR application of TRISO fuel with UN kernels was performed. Fission product release under operational and transient temperature conditions was determined by extrapolation from fission product recoil calculations and limited data from irradiated UN pellets. Both fission recoil and diffusive release were considered and internal particle pressures computed for both 650 and 800 mu m diameter kernels as a function of buffer layer thickness. These pressures were used in conjunction with a finite element program to compute the radial and tangential stresses generated within a TRISO particle undergoing burnup. Creep and swelling of the inner and outer pyrolytic carbon layers were included in the analyses. A measure of reliability of the TRISO particle was obtained by computing the probability of survival of the SiC barrier layer and the maximum tensile stress generated in the pyrolytic carbon layers from internal pressure and thermomechanics of the layers. These reliability estimates were obtained as functions of the kernel diameter, buffer layer thickness, and pyrolytic carbon layer thickness. The value of the probability of survival at the end of irradiation was inversely proportional to the maximum pressure. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Besmann, T M AU - Ferber, M K AU - Lin, H-T AU - Collin, B P AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6063, United States, besmanntm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 412 EP - 419 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 448 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fission products KW - Creep KW - Buffers KW - Fuels KW - Irradiation KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Survival KW - Stress KW - Particulates KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562673599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Fission+product+release+and+survivability+of+UN-kernel+LWR+TRISO+fuel&rft.au=Besmann%2C+T+M%3BFerber%2C+M+K%3BLin%2C+H-T%3BCollin%2C+B+P&rft.aulast=Besmann&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=448&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=412&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.10.034 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fission products; Creep; Irradiation; Fuels; Buffers; Radioactive materials; Nuclear fuels; Temperature; Stress; Survival; Particulates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.10.034 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Continuous SiC fiber, CVI SiC matrix composites for nuclear applications: Properties and irradiation effects AN - 1562672737; 20433041 AB - Silicon carbide (SiC) continuous fiber-reinforced, SiC-matrix composites (SiC/SiC composites) are industrially available materials that are promising for applications in nuclear environments. The SiC/SiC composites consisting of near-stoichiometric SiC fibers, stoichiometric and fully crystalline SiC matrices, and the pyrocarbon (PyC) or multilayered PyC/SiC interphase between the fiber and the matrix are considered particularly resistant to very high radiation environments. This paper provides a summary compilation of the properties of these composites, specifically those with the chemically vapor-infiltrated (CVI) SiC matrices, including newly obtained results. The properties discussed are both in unirradiated condition and after neutron irradiation to intermediate fluence levels (most data are for <~10 displacement per atom) at 300-1300 [degrees]C. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Katoh, Yutai AU - Ozawa, Kazumi AU - Shih, Chunghao AU - Nozawa, Takashi AU - Shinavski, Robert J AU - Hasegawa, Akira AU - Snead, Lance L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, katohy@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 448 EP - 476 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 448 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Composite materials KW - Fibers KW - Silicon KW - Radiation KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562672737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Continuous+SiC+fiber%2C+CVI+SiC+matrix+composites+for+nuclear+applications%3A+Properties+and+irradiation+effects&rft.au=Katoh%2C+Yutai%3BOzawa%2C+Kazumi%3BShih%2C+Chunghao%3BNozawa%2C+Takashi%3BShinavski%2C+Robert+J%3BHasegawa%2C+Akira%3BSnead%2C+Lance+L&rft.aulast=Katoh&rft.aufirst=Yutai&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=448&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=448&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.06.040 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 158 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fibers; Composite materials; Silicon; Radiation; Irradiation; Radioactive materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.06.040 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbothermic synthesis of 820 mu m uranium nitride kernels: Literature review, thermodynamics, analysis, and related experiments AN - 1562672606; 20433036 AB - The US Department of Energy is developing a new nuclear fuel that would be less susceptible to ruptures during a loss-of-coolant accident. The fuel would consist of tristructural isotropic coated particles with uranium nitride (UN) kernels with diameters near 825 mu m. This effort explores factors involved in the conversion of uranium oxide-carbon microspheres into UN kernels. An analysis of previous studies with sufficient experimental details is provided. Thermodynamic calculations were made to predict pressures of carbon monoxide and other relevant gases for several reactions that can be involved in the conversion of uranium oxides and carbides into UN. Uranium oxide-carbon microspheres were heated in a microbalance with an attached mass spectrometer to determine details of calcining and carbothermic conversion in argon, nitrogen, and vacuum. A model was derived from experiments on the vacuum conversion to uranium oxide-carbide kernels. UN-containing kernels were fabricated using this vacuum conversion as part of the overall process. Carbonitride kernels of ~89% of theoretical density were produced along with several observations concerning the different stages of the process. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Lindemer, T B AU - Voit, S L AU - Silva, C M AU - Besmann, T M AU - Hunt, R D AD - Harbach Engineering and Solutions, Dayton, OH 45458, United States, huntrd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 404 EP - 411 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 448 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Thermodynamics KW - Fuels KW - Particulates KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Argon KW - Gases KW - Literature reviews KW - Uranium KW - Radioactive materials KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Nuclear energy KW - Loss of coolant accidents KW - Nitrogen KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562672606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Carbothermic+synthesis+of+820+mu+m+uranium+nitride+kernels%3A+Literature+review%2C+thermodynamics%2C+analysis%2C+and+related+experiments&rft.au=Lindemer%2C+T+B%3BVoit%2C+S+L%3BSilva%2C+C+M%3BBesmann%2C+T+M%3BHunt%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Lindemer&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=448&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=404&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.10.036 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thermodynamics; Fuels; Particulates; Carbon monoxide; Gases; Argon; Literature reviews; Uranium; Nuclear fuels; Radioactive materials; Nuclear energy; Loss of coolant accidents; Nitrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.10.036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preparation of UC sub(0.07-0.10)N sub(0.90-0.93) spheres for TRISO coated fuel particles AN - 1562672563; 20433035 AB - The US Department of Energy is considering a new nuclear fuel that would be less susceptible to ruptures during a loss-of-coolant accident. The fuel would consist of tristructural isotropic coated particles with dense uranium nitride (UN) kernels with diameters of 650 or 800 mu m. The objectives of this effort are to make uranium oxide microspheres with adequately dispersed carbon nanoparticles and to convert these microspheres into UN spheres, which could be then sintered into kernels. Recent improvements to the internal gelation process were successfully applied to the production of uranium gel spheres with different concentrations of carbon black. After the spheres were washed and dried, a simple two-step heat profile was used to produce porous microspheres with a chemical composition of UC sub(007.010-) N sub(090-093). The first step involved heating the microspheres to 2023 K in a vacuum, and in the second step, the microspheres were held at 1873 K for 6 h in flowing nitrogen. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Hunt, R D AU - Silva, C M AU - Lindemer, T B AU - Johnson, J A AU - Collins, J L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37837-6223, United States, huntrd@oml.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 399 EP - 403 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 448 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Chemical composition KW - Black carbon KW - Uranium KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Radioactive materials KW - Nuclear energy KW - Particulates KW - Loss of coolant accidents KW - Nitrogen KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562672563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Preparation+of+UC+sub%280.07-0.10%29N+sub%280.90-0.93%29+spheres+for+TRISO+coated+fuel+particles&rft.au=Hunt%2C+R+D%3BSilva%2C+C+M%3BLindemer%2C+T+B%3BJohnson%2C+J+A%3BCollins%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=448&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.04.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Black carbon; Chemical composition; Fuels; Uranium; Radioactive materials; Nuclear fuels; Nuclear energy; Loss of coolant accidents; Particulates; Nitrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.04.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advanced oxidation-resistant iron-based alloys for LWR fuel cladding AN - 1562671728; 20433038 AB - Application of advanced oxidation-resistant iron alloys as light water reactor fuel cladding is proposed. The motivations are based on specific limitations associated with zirconium alloys, currently used as fuel cladding, under design-basis and beyond-design-basis accident scenarios. Using a simplified methodology, gains in safety margins under severe accidents upon transition to advanced oxidation-resistant iron alloys as fuel cladding are showcased. Oxidation behavior, mechanical properties, and irradiation effects of advanced iron alloys are briefly reviewed and compared to zirconium alloys as well as historic austenitic stainless steel cladding materials. Neutronic characteristics of iron-alloy-clad fuel bundles are determined and fed into a simple economic model to estimate the impact on nuclear electricity production cost. Prior experience with steel cladding is combined with the current understanding of the mechanical properties and irradiation behavior of advanced iron alloys to identify a combination of cladding thickness reduction and fuel enrichment increase (~0.5%) as an efficient route to offset any penalties in cycle length, due to higher neutron absorption in the iron alloy cladding, with modest impact on the economics. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Terrani, K A AU - Zinkle, S J AU - Snead, L L AD - Fusion and Materials for Nuclear Systems Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, terranika@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 420 EP - 435 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 448 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fuels KW - Zirconium KW - Accidents KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Reviews KW - Electric power generation KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Economics KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Oxidation KW - Alloys KW - Steel KW - Iron KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562671728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Advanced+oxidation-resistant+iron-based+alloys+for+LWR+fuel+cladding&rft.au=Terrani%2C+K+A%3BZinkle%2C+S+J%3BSnead%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Terrani&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=448&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=420&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.06.041 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 157 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuels; Zirconium; Accidents; Nuclear reactors; Irradiation; Electric power generation; Reviews; Oxidation; Nuclear fuels; Economics; Radioactive materials; Alloys; Steel; Iron DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.06.041 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surrogate Spent Nuclear Fuel Vibration Integrity Investigation AN - 1562669569; 20432381 AB - Transportation packages for spent nuclear fuel (SNF) must meet safety requirements under normal and accident conditions as specified by federal regulations. During transportation, SNF experiences unique conditions and challenges to cladding integrity due to the vibrational loading encountered during road or rail shipment. ORNL has been developing testing capabilities that can be used to improve our understanding of the impact of vibration loading on SNF integrity, especially for high burn-up SNF under normal conditions of transport (NCT). This information can be used to meet nuclear industry and U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission needs in the area of safety of SNF transportation operations. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Wang, Jy-An AU - Wang, Hong AU - Bevard, Bruce AU - Howard, Robert AU - Flanagan, Michelle AU - Bjorkman, Gordon AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory: IBethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, wangja@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 73 EP - 76 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Accidents KW - Federal regulations KW - Transportation KW - Vibration KW - Safety KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Commissions KW - H 2000:Transportation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562669569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Surrogate+Spent+Nuclear+Fuel+Vibration+Integrity+Investigation&rft.au=Wang%2C+Jy-An%3BWang%2C+Hong%3BBevard%2C+Bruce%3BHoward%2C+Robert%3BFlanagan%2C+Michelle%3BBjorkman%2C+Gordon&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Jy-An&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Federal regulations; Accidents; Transportation; Vibration; Commissions; Nuclear fuels; Safety ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comment on "Cumulative biophysical impact of small and large hydropower development in Nu River, China" by Kelly M. Kibler and Desiree D. Tullos AN - 1560106778; 19433909 AB - Abstract not available JF - Water Resources Research AU - Jager, Henriette I AU - McManamay, Ryan A AD - Energy-Water Resource Systems, Environmental Sciences Division of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - January 2014 SP - 758 EP - 759 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 50 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - sustainability KW - indicators KW - Rivers KW - Hydroelectric Plants KW - Water resources KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Freshwater KW - Q2 09389:Power systems KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560106778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.atitle=Determination+of+cellulase+colocalization+on+cellulose+fiber+with+quantitative+FRET+measured+by+acceptor+photobleaching+and+spectrally+unmixing+fluorescence+microscopy&rft.au=Wang%2C+L%3BWang%2C+Y%3BRagauskas%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2012-03-12&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2an15938d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Water resources; Hydroelectric Plants; China, People's Rep.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013WR014378 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accident tolerant fuels for LWRs: A perspective AN - 1560102224; 20433032 AB - The motivation for exploring the potential development of accident tolerant fuels in light water reactors to replace existing Zr alloy clad monolithic (U, Pu) oxide fuel is outlined. The evaluation includes a brief review of core degradation processes under design-basis and beyond-design-basis transient conditions. Three general strategies for accident tolerant fuels are being explored: modification of current state-of-the-art zirconium alloy cladding to further improve oxidation resistance (including use of coatings), replacement of Zr alloy cladding with an alternative oxidation-resistant high-performance cladding, and replacement of the monolithic ceramic oxide fuel with alternative fuel forms. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Zinkle, S J AU - Terrani, K A AU - Gehin, J C AU - Ott, L J AU - Snead, L L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA, zinklesj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 374 EP - 379 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 448 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fuel technology KW - Degradation KW - Fuels KW - Zirconium KW - Ceramics KW - Accidents KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Reviews KW - Oxidation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Alloys KW - Coatings KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560102224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Accident+tolerant+fuels+for+LWRs%3A+A+perspective&rft.au=Zinkle%2C+S+J%3BTerrani%2C+K+A%3BGehin%2C+J+C%3BOtt%2C+L+J%3BSnead%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Zinkle&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=448&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=374&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.12.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuel technology; Degradation; Fuels; Zirconium; Ceramics; Accidents; Nuclear reactors; Reviews; Nuclear fuels; Radioactive materials; Oxidation; Alloys; Coatings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.12.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation-tolerant joining technologies for silicon carbide ceramics and composites AN - 1560101947; 20433045 AB - Silicon carbide (SiC) for nuclear structural applications, whether in the monolithic ceramic or composite form, will require a robust joining technology capable of withstanding the harsh nuclear environment. This paper presents significant progress made towards identifying and processing irradiation-tolerant joining methods for nuclear-grade SiC. In doing so, a standardized methodology for carrying out joint testing has been established consistent with the small volume samples mandated by neutron irradiation testing. Candidate joining technologies were limited to those that provide low induced radioactivity and included titanium diffusion bonding, Ti-Si-C MAX-phase joining, calcia-alumina glass-ceramic joining, and transient eutectic-phase SiC joining. Samples of these joints were irradiated in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory High Flux Isotope Reactor at 500 or 800 [degrees]C, and their microstructure and mechanical properties were compared to pre-irradiation conditions. Within the limitations of statistics, all joining methodologies presented retained their joint mechanical strength to ~3 dpa at 500 [degrees]C, thus indicating the first results obtained on irradiation-stable SiC joints. Under the more aggressive irradiation conditions (800 [degrees]C, ~5 dpa), some joint materials exhibited significant irradiation-induced microstructural evolution; however, the effect of irradiation on joint strength appeared rather limited. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Katoh, Yutai AU - Snead, Lance L AU - Cheng, Ting AU - Shih, Chunghao AU - Lewis, W Daniel AU - Koyanagi, Takaaki AU - Hinoki, Tatsuya AU - Henager, Charles H, Jr AU - Ferraris, Monica AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States, katohy@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 497 EP - 511 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 448 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Composite materials KW - Silicon KW - Isotopes KW - Titanium KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Ceramics KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Standards KW - Diffusion KW - Radioactivity KW - Technology KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560101947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Radiation-tolerant+joining+technologies+for+silicon+carbide+ceramics+and+composites&rft.au=Katoh%2C+Yutai%3BSnead%2C+Lance+L%3BCheng%2C+Ting%3BShih%2C+Chunghao%3BLewis%2C+W+Daniel%3BKoyanagi%2C+Takaaki%3BHinoki%2C+Tatsuya%3BHenager%2C+Charles+H%2C+Jr%3BFerraris%2C+Monica&rft.aulast=Katoh&rft.aufirst=Yutai&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=448&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.10.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 89 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ceramics; Composite materials; Titanium; Isotopes; Silicon; Nuclear reactors; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Diffusion; Standards; Radioactivity; Technology; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.10.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stability of SiC-matrix microencapsulated fuel constituents at relevant LWR conditions AN - 1560101750; 20433034 AB - This paper addresses certain key feasibility issues facing the application of SiC-matrix microencapsulated fuels for light water reactor application. Issues addressed are the irradiation stability of the SiC-based nano-powder ceramic matrix under LWR-relevant irradiation conditions, the presence or extent of reaction of the SiC matrix with zirconium-based cladding, the stability of the inner and outer pyrolytic graphite layers of the TRISO coating system at this uncharacteristically low irradiation temperature, and the state of the particle-matrix interface following irradiation which could possibly affect thermal transport. In the process of determining these feasibility issues microstructural evolution and change in dimension and thermal conductivity was studied. As a general finding the SiC matrix was found to be quite stable with behavior similar to that of CVD SiC. In magnitude the irradiation-induced swelling of the matrix material was slightly higher and irradiation-degraded thermal conductivity was slightly lower as compared to CVD SiC. No significant reaction of this SiC-based nano-powder ceramic matrix material with Zircaloy was observed. Irradiation of the sample in the 320-360 [degrees]C range to a maximum dose of 7.7 x 10 super(25) n/m super(2) (E> 0.1 MeV) did not have significant negative impact on the constituent layers of the TRISO coating system. At the highest dose studied, layer structure and interface integrity remained essentially unchanged with good apparent thermal transport through the microsphere to the surrounding matrix. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Snead, L L AU - Terrani, K A AU - Katoh, Y AU - Silva, C AU - Leonard, K J AU - Perez-Bergquist, A G AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, SneadLL@ORNL.GOV Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 389 EP - 398 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 448 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Ceramics KW - Feasibility studies KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Thermal conductivity KW - Irradiation KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Particulates KW - Coatings KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560101750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Stability+of+SiC-matrix+microencapsulated+fuel+constituents+at+relevant+LWR+conditions&rft.au=Snead%2C+L+L%3BTerrani%2C+K+A%3BKatoh%2C+Y%3BSilva%2C+C%3BLeonard%2C+K+J%3BPerez-Bergquist%2C+A+G&rft.aulast=Snead&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=448&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.09.056 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feasibility studies; Ceramics; Nuclear reactors; Thermal conductivity; Fuels; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Nuclear fuels; Temperature; Particulates; Coatings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.09.056 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the performance of parallel subsurface simulators; an illustrative example with PFLOTRAN AN - 1545407853; 2014-055236 AB - To better inform the subsurface scientist on the expected performance of parallel simulators, this work investigates performance of the reactive multiphase flow and multicomponent biogeochemical transport code PFLOTRAN as it is applied to several realistic modeling scenarios run on the Jaguar supercomputer. After a brief introduction to the code's parallel layout and code design, PFLOTRAN's parallel performance (measured through strong and weak scalability analyses) is evaluated in the context of conceptual model layout, software and algorithmic design, and known hardware limitations. PFLOTRAN scales well (with regard to strong scaling) for three realistic problem scenarios: (1) in situ leaching of copper from a mineral ore deposit within a 5-spot flow regime, (2) transient flow and solute transport within a regional doublet, and (3) a real-world problem involving uranium surface complexation within a heterogeneous and extremely dynamic variably saturated flow field. Weak scalability is discussed in detail for the regional doublet problem, and several difficulties with its interpretation are noted. Abstract Copyright (2013), . The Authors. Water Resources Research published by Wiley on behalf of the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Hammond, G E AU - Lichtner, P C AU - Mills, R T Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - January 2014 SP - 208 EP - 228 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 50 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - PFLOTRAN KW - numerical models KW - complexing KW - data processing KW - ground water KW - computer programs KW - computers KW - biogenic processes KW - transport KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - digital simulation KW - multiphase flow KW - reactive transport KW - uranium KW - algorithms KW - actinides KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545407853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+performance+of+parallel+subsurface+simulators%3B+an+illustrative+example+with+PFLOTRAN&rft.au=Hammond%2C+G+E%3BLichtner%2C+P+C%3BMills%2C+R+T&rft.aulast=Hammond&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2012WR013483 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; algorithms; biogenic processes; complexing; computer programs; computers; data processing; digital simulation; ground water; mathematical methods; metals; multiphase flow; numerical models; PFLOTRAN; reactive transport; solute transport; transport; uranium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2012WR013483 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methodology for mechanical property testing of fuel cladding using an expanding plug wedge test AN - 1540240039; 20081629 AB - An analysis is presented to determine the stress-strain response of ring-shaped test specimen subjected to internal pressurization using a radially expanding plug. Previous work has been reviewed using this test method to determine the residual ductility of irradiated nuclear fuel cladding and highlight the role of several parameters on the distribution of stresses and the mode of failure. It is shown that bulging effect, which had previously not been accounted for, has a significant effect on the distribution of stresses and mode of failure. The new analysis provides guidelines for optimizing specimen geometry and loading conditions and a means for determining the hoop stress [sigma] sub([theta]) in the ring-shaped test specimen using a scaling factor, sub(X)-factor, to convert the ring load F sub(ring) into hoop stress [sigma] sub([theta]), and is written as [sigma] sub([theta])- (ProQuest: Formulae and/or non-USASCII text omitted), where t is the clad thickness and l is the clad length. The predicted stress-strain curves were found to agree well with experimental results for alloy Zr-4 over 10% strain. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Jiang, Hao AU - Wang, Jy-An John AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States, wangja@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 27 EP - 37 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 446 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Reviews KW - Fuels KW - Guidelines KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Radioactive materials KW - Stress KW - Alloys KW - Scaling KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1540240039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Methodology+for+mechanical+property+testing+of+fuel+cladding+using+an+expanding+plug+wedge+test&rft.au=Jiang%2C+Hao%3BWang%2C+Jy-An+John&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=Hao&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=446&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.11.026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuels; Reviews; Radioactive materials; Nuclear fuels; Guidelines; Alloys; Stress; Scaling DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.11.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogen evolution at the negative electrode of the all-vanadium redox flow batteries AN - 1540236220; 19975165 AB - This work demonstrates a quantitative method to determine the hydrogen evolution rate occurring at the negative carbon electrode of the all vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). Two carbon papers examined by buoyancy measurements yield distinct hydrogen formation rates (0.170 and 0.005 [mu]mol min super(-1) g super(-1)). The carbon papers have been characterized using electron microscopy, nitrogen gas adsorption, capacitance measurement by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). We find that the specific electrochemical surface area (ECSA) of the carbon material has a strong influence on the hydrogen generation rate. This is discussed in light of the use of high surface area material to obtain high reaction rates in the VRFB. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Sun, Che-Nan AU - Delnick, Frank M AU - Baggetto, Loic AU - Veith, Gabriel M AU - Zawodzinski, Thomas A AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, sun@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 560 EP - 564 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 248 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Hydrogen evolution KW - Redox flow battery KW - Side reaction KW - Electrochemical surface area KW - Vanadium KW - Batteries KW - Surface area KW - Electrodes KW - Microscopy KW - Adsorption KW - Hydrogen KW - Spectroscopy KW - Electrochemistry KW - Nitrogen KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1540236220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Hydrogen+evolution+at+the+negative+electrode+of+the+all-vanadium+redox+flow+batteries&rft.au=Sun%2C+Che-Nan%3BDelnick%2C+Frank+M%3BBaggetto%2C+Loic%3BVeith%2C+Gabriel+M%3BZawodzinski%2C+Thomas+A&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Che-Nan&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=248&rft.issue=&rft.spage=560&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2013.09.125 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vanadium; Batteries; Surface area; Microscopy; Electrodes; Adsorption; Hydrogen; Electrochemistry; Spectroscopy; Nitrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.09.125 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of enzymatic reactivity of corn stover solids prepared by dilute acid, AFEX(TM), and ionic liquid pretreatments AN - 1534843227; 19978145 AB - Background: Pretreatment is essential to realize high product yields from biological conversion of naturally recalcitrant cellulosic biomass, with thermochemical pretreatments often favored for cost and performance. In this study, enzymatic digestion of solids from dilute sulfuric acid (DA), ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX(TM)), and ionic liquid (IL) thermochemical pretreatments of corn stover were followed over time for the same range of total enzyme protein loadings to provide comparative data on glucose and xylose yields of monomers and oligomers from the pretreated solids. The composition of pretreated solids and enzyme adsorption on each substrate were also measured to determine. The extent glucose release could be related to these features. Results: Corn stover solids from pretreatment by DA, AFEX, and IL were enzymatically digested over a range of low to moderate loadings of commercial cellulase, xylanase, and pectinase enzyme mixtures, the proportions of which had been previously optimized for each pretreatment. Avicel registered cellulose, regenerated amorphous cellulose (RAC), and beechwood xylan were also subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis as controls. Yields of glucose and xylose and their oligomers were followed for times up to 120 hours, and enzyme adsorption was measured. IL pretreated corn stover displayed the highest initial glucose yields at all enzyme loadings and the highest final yield for a low enzyme loading of 3 mg protein/g glucan in the raw material. However, increasing the enzyme loading to 12 mg/g glucan or more resulted in DA pretreated corn stover attaining the highest longer-term glucose yields. Hydrolyzate from AFEX pretreated corn stover had the highest proportion of xylooligomers, while IL produced the most glucooligomers. However, the amounts of both oligomers dropped with increasing enzyme loadings and hydrolysis times. IL pretreated corn stover had the highest enzyme adsorption capacity. Conclusions: Initial hydrolysis yields were highest for substrates with greater lignin removal, a greater degree of change in cellulose crystallinity, and high enzyme accessibility. Final glucose yields could not be clearly related to concentrations of xylooligomers released from xylan during hydrolysis. Overall, none of these factors could completely account for differences in enzymatic digestion performance of solids produced by AFEX, DA, and IL pretreatments. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Gao, Xiadi AU - Kumar, Rajeev AU - Singh, Seema AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Balan, Venkatesh AU - Dale, Bruce E AU - Wyman, Charles E AD - BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 71 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Corn stover KW - Enzyme adsorption KW - Cellulase KW - Oligomers KW - Pretreatment KW - Hydrolysis KW - Crystallinity KW - Xylose KW - Data processing KW - Cellulose KW - Glucose KW - Enzymes KW - Biomass KW - Xylan endo-1,3- beta -xylosidase KW - Monomers KW - Fibers KW - Dopamine KW - Xylan KW - Lignin KW - Adsorption KW - Sulfuric acid KW - glucans KW - Biofuels KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1534843227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+enzymatic+reactivity+of+corn+stover+solids+prepared+by+dilute+acid%2C+AFEX%28TM%29%2C+and+ionic+liquid+pretreatments&rft.au=Gao%2C+Xiadi%3BKumar%2C+Rajeev%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BBalan%2C+Venkatesh%3BDale%2C+Bruce+E%3BWyman%2C+Charles+E&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Xiadi&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-7-71 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/7/1/71 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crystallinity; Data processing; Xylose; Cellulose; Glucose; Enzymes; Biomass; Hydrolysis; Cellulase; Xylan endo-1,3- beta -xylosidase; Monomers; Fibers; Dopamine; Xylan; Lignin; Sulfuric acid; Adsorption; Biofuels; glucans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-7-71 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Consolidated bioprocessing of transgenic switchgrass by an engineered and evolved Clostridium thermocellum strain AN - 1534837745; 20047840 AB - Background: Switchgrass is an abundant and dedicated bioenergy feedstock, however its inherent recalcitrance is one of the economic hurdles for producing biofuels. The downregulation of the caffeic acid O-methyl transferase (COMT) gene in the lignin pathway of switchgrass reduced lignin content and S/G ratio, and the transgenic lines showed improved fermentation yield with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and wild-type Clostridium thermocellum (ATCC 27405) in comparison to the wild-type switchgrass. Results: Here we examine the conversion and yield of the COMT transgenic and wild-type switchgrass lines with an engineered and evolved C. thermocellum (M1570) strain. The fermentation of the transgenic switchgrass by M1570 had superior conversion relative to the wild-type control switchgrass line with an increase in conversion of approximately 20% and ethanol being the primary product accounting for 90% of the total metabolites measured by HPLC analysis. Conclusions: The engineered and evolved C. thermocellum M1570 was found to respond to the apparent reduced recalcitrance of the COMT switchgrass with no substrate inhibition, producing more ethanol on the transgenic feedstock than the wild-type substrate. Since ethanol was the main fermentation metabolite produced by an engineered and evolved C. thermocellum strain, its ethanol yield on a transgenic switchgrass substrate (gram/gram (g/g) glucan liberated) is the highest produced thus far. This result indicates that the advantages of a modified feedstock can be combined with a modified consolidated bioprocessing microorganism as anticipated. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Yee, Kelsey L AU - Rodriguez, Miguel Jr AU - Thompson, Olivia A AU - Fu, Chunxiang AU - Wang, Zeng-Yu AU - Davison, Brian H AU - Mielenz, Jonathan R AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6341, USA Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 75 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Transgenic KW - Switchgrass KW - Metabolic engineering KW - Clostridium thermocellum KW - Consolidated bioprocessing KW - Feedstock KW - Cellulosic ethanol KW - High-performance liquid chromatography KW - Fuel technology KW - Fermentation KW - Metabolites KW - Caffeic acid KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - Lignin KW - Economics KW - Microorganisms KW - Biotechnology KW - Biofuels KW - glucans KW - Ethanol KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture KW - G 07780:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1534837745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Consolidated+bioprocessing+of+transgenic+switchgrass+by+an+engineered+and+evolved+Clostridium+thermocellum+strain&rft.au=Yee%2C+Kelsey+L%3BRodriguez%2C+Miguel+Jr%3BThompson%2C+Olivia+A%3BFu%2C+Chunxiang%3BWang%2C+Zeng-Yu%3BDavison%2C+Brian+H%3BMielenz%2C+Jonathan+R&rft.aulast=Yee&rft.aufirst=Kelsey&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-7-75 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/7/1/75 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - High-performance liquid chromatography; Fermentation; Economics; Lignin; Microorganisms; Metabolites; glucans; Caffeic acid; Biofuels; Ethanol; Fuel technology; Biotechnology; Clostridium thermocellum; Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-7-75 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of creep and oxidation on reduced fatigue life of Ni-based alloy 617 at 850 [degrees]C AN - 1534825203; 19900698 AB - Low cycle fatigue (LCF) and creep-fatigue testing of Ni-based alloy 617 was carried out at 850 [degrees]C. Compared with its LCF life, the material's creep-fatigue life decreases to different extents depending on test conditions. To elucidate the microstructure-fatigue property relationship for alloy 617 and the effect of creep and oxidation on its fatigue life, systematic microstructural investigations were carried out using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). In LCF tests, as the total strain range increased, deformations concentrated near high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs). The strain hold period in the creep-fatigue tests introduced additional creep damage to the material, which revealed the detrimental effect of the strain hold time on the material fatigue life in two ways. First, the strain hold time enhanced the localized deformation near HAGBs, resulting in the promotion of intergranular cracking of alloy 617. Second, the strain hold time encouraged grain boundary sliding, which resulted in interior intergranular cracking of the material. Oxidation accelerated the initiation of intergranular cracking in alloy 617. In the crack propagation stage, if oxidation was promoted and the cyclic oxidation damage was greater than the fatigue damage, oxidation-assisted intergranular crack growth resulted in a significant reduction in the material's fatigue life. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Chen, Xiang III AU - Yang, Zhiqing AU - Sokolov, Mikhail A AU - Erdman, Donald L AU - Mo, Kun AU - Stubbins, James F AD - Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 104 South Wright Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, chenx@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 393 EP - 403 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 444 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Nickel base alloys KW - Superalloys KW - Alloy 617 KW - Creep KW - Fatigue KW - Oxidation KW - Microscopy KW - Radioactive materials KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - Alloys KW - Grains KW - Deformation KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1534825203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Effect+of+creep+and+oxidation+on+reduced+fatigue+life+of+Ni-based+alloy+617+at+850+%5Bdegrees%5DC&rft.au=Chen%2C+Xiang+III%3BYang%2C+Zhiqing%3BSokolov%2C+Mikhail+A%3BErdman%2C+Donald+L%3BMo%2C+Kun%3BStubbins%2C+James+F&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Xiang&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=444&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.09.030 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Creep; Fatigue; Radioactive materials; Microscopy; Oxidation; X-ray spectroscopy; Alloys; Grains; Deformation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.09.030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of single-molecule sequencing and hybrid approaches for finishing the genome of Clostridium autoethanogenum and analysis of CRISPR systems in industrial relevant Clostridia AN - 1529934312; 19847480 AB - Background: Clostridium autoethanogenum strain JA1-1 (DSM 10061) is an acetogen capable of fermenting CO, CO sub(2) and H sub(2) (e.g. from syngas or waste gases) into biofuel ethanol and commodity chemicals such as 2,3-butanediol. A draft genome sequence consisting of 100 contigs has been published. Results: A closed, high-quality genome sequence for C. autoethanogenum DSM10061 was generated using only the latest single-molecule DNA sequencing technology and without the need for manual finishing. It is assigned to the most complex genome classification based upon genome features such as repeats, prophage, nine copies of the rRNA gene operons. It has a low G + C content of 31.1%. Illumina, 454, Illumina/454 hybrid assemblies were generated and then compared to the draft and PacBio assemblies using summary statistics, CGAL, QUAST and REAPR bioinformatics tools and comparative genomic approaches. Assemblies based upon shorter read DNA technologies were confounded by the large number repeats and their size, which in the case of the rRNA gene operons were ~5 kb. CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Paloindromic Repeats) systems among biotechnologically relevant Clostridia were classified and related to plasmid content and prophages. Potential associations between plasmid content and CRISPR systems may have implications for historical industrial scale Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE) fermentation failures and future large scale bacterial fermentations. While C. autoethanogenum contains an active CRISPR system, no such system is present in the closely related Clostridium ljungdahlii DSM 13528. A common prophage inserted into the Arg-tRNA shared between the strains suggests a common ancestor. However, C. ljungdahlii contains several additional putative prophages and it has more than double the amount of prophage DNA compared to C. autoethanogenum. Other differences include important metabolic genes for central metabolism (as an additional hydrogenase and the absence of a phophoenolpyruvate synthase) and substrate utilization pathway (mannose and aromatics utilization) that might explain phenotypic differences between C. autoethanogenum and C. ljungdahlii. Conclusions: Single molecule sequencing will be increasingly used to produce finished microbial genomes. The complete genome will facilitate comparative genomics and functional genomics and support future comparisons between Clostridia and studies that examine the evolution of plasmids, bacteriophage and CRISPR systems. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Nagaraju, Shilpa AU - Utturkar, Sagar AU - De Tissera, Sashini AU - Segovia, Simon AU - Mitchell, Wayne AU - Land, Miriam L AU - Dassanayake, Asela AU - Kopke, Michael AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 40 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Phages KW - Genomes KW - Clostridium KW - Fermentation KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Statistical analysis KW - rRNA KW - DNA sequencing KW - Hybrids KW - phophoenolpyruvate synthase KW - genomics KW - Hydrogenase KW - Ethanol KW - Mannose KW - Wastes KW - Plasmids KW - Prophages KW - Gases KW - Bioinformatics KW - Operons KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Biofuels KW - Aromatics KW - Metabolism KW - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529934312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+single-molecule+sequencing+and+hybrid+approaches+for+finishing+the+genome+of+Clostridium+autoethanogenum+and+analysis+of+CRISPR+systems+in+industrial+relevant+Clostridia&rft.au=Brown%2C+Steven+D%3BNagaraju%2C+Shilpa%3BUtturkar%2C+Sagar%3BDe+Tissera%2C+Sashini%3BSegovia%2C+Simon%3BMitchell%2C+Wayne%3BLand%2C+Miriam+L%3BDassanayake%2C+Asela%3BKopke%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-7-40 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/7/1/40 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 87 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Phages; Fermentation; Mannose; Nucleotide sequence; Wastes; Statistical analysis; Plasmids; Prophages; rRNA; DNA sequencing; Gases; Hybrids; Bioinformatics; genomics; phophoenolpyruvate synthase; Hydrogenase; Carbon dioxide; Operons; Metabolism; Aromatics; Biofuels; Ethanol; Clostridium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-7-40 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption of organic carbon compounds to the fine fraction of surface and subsurface soils AN - 1502296100; 2014-012901 AB - Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) transported from the soil surface is stabilized in deeper soil profiles by physico-chemical sorption processes. However, it is unclear how different forms of organic carbon (OC) compounds common in soil organic matter interact with soil minerals in the surface (A) and subsurface (B) horizons. We added four compounds (glucose, starch, cinnamic acid and stearic acid) to the silt- and clay-sized fraction (fine fraction) of A and B horizons of eight soils from varying climates (3 temperate, 3 tropical, 1 arctic and 1 sub-arctic). Equilibrium batch experiments were conducted using 0 to 100 mg CL (super -1) of (super 14) C-labeled compounds for 8 h. Sorption parameters (maximum sorption capacity, Q (sub max) and binding coefficient, k) calculated by fitting sorption data to the Langmuir equation showed that Q (sub max) of A and B horizons was very similar for all compounds. Both Q (sub max) and k values were related to sorbate properties, with Q (sub max) being lowest for glucose (20-500 mg kg (super -1) ), highest for stearic acid (20,000-200,000 mg kg (super -1) ), and intermediate for both cinnamic acid (200-4000 mg kg (super -1) ) and starch (400-6000 mg kg (super -1) ). Simple linear regression analysis revealed that physico-chemical properties of the sorbents influenced the Q (sub max) of cinnamic acid and stearic acid, but not glucose and starch. The sorbent properties did not show predictive ability for binding coefficient k. By using the fine fraction as sorbent, we found that the mineral fractions of A horizons are equally reactive as the B horizons irrespective of soil organic carbon content. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geoderma AU - Jagadamma, S AU - Mayes, M A AU - Zinn, Y L AU - Gisladottir, G AU - Russell, A E Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - January 2014 SP - 79 EP - 86 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 213 SN - 0016-7061, 0016-7061 KW - United States KW - clay KW - cinnamic acid KW - sorption KW - Costa Rica KW - Europe KW - sugars KW - substrates KW - stearic acid KW - carbon KW - glucose KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - carbohydrates KW - horizons KW - organic carbon KW - soils KW - soil profiles KW - Western Europe KW - Illinois KW - clastic sediments KW - statistical analysis KW - silt KW - properties KW - models KW - South America KW - organic compounds KW - isotherms KW - Brazil KW - Minas Gerais Brazil KW - Alaska KW - Iceland KW - Central America KW - regression analysis KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1502296100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoderma&rft.atitle=Sorption+of+organic+carbon+compounds+to+the+fine+fraction+of+surface+and+subsurface+soils&rft.au=Jagadamma%2C+S%3BMayes%2C+M+A%3BZinn%2C+Y+L%3BGisladottir%2C+G%3BRussell%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Jagadamma&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=213&rft.issue=&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoderma&rft.issn=00167061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geoderma.2013.07.030 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167061 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-27 N1 - CODEN - GEDMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; Brazil; carbohydrates; carbon; Central America; cinnamic acid; clastic sediments; clay; Costa Rica; Europe; glucose; horizons; Iceland; Illinois; isotherms; Minas Gerais Brazil; models; organic carbon; organic compounds; properties; regression analysis; sediments; silt; soil profiles; soils; sorption; South America; statistical analysis; stearic acid; substrates; sugars; Tennessee; United States; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.07.030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High performance Cr, N-codoped mesoporous TiO sub(2) microspheres for lithium-ion batteries AN - 1500769838; 19052944 AB - Cr, N-codoped TiO sub(2) mesoporous microspheres have been successfully synthesized by a facile hydrothermal reaction followed by annealing under an ammonia atmosphere. Through introduction of Cr, the nitrogen doping level was increased from 2.81 at.% for N-doped TiO sub(2) to 5.68 at.% for Cr, N-codoped TiO sub(2), which improves the electrical conductivity of TiO sub(2). When used as an anode for lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, the Cr, N-codoping TiO sub(2) microspheres led to an enhanced performance of 159.6 mA h g super(-1) at 5 C with a drop of less than 1% after 300 cycles. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Bi, Zhonghe AU - Paranthaman, MParans AU - Guo, Bingkun AU - Unocic, Raymond R AU - Meyer, Harry M, III AU - Bridges, Craig A AU - Sun, Xiao-Guang AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Chemical Sciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA; , paranthamanm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - Jan 2014 SP - 1818 EP - 1824 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 2 IS - 6 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Batteries KW - Ammonia KW - Energy KW - Atmosphere KW - Sustainability KW - Nitrogen KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1500769838?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=High+performance+Cr%2C+N-codoped+mesoporous+TiO+sub%282%29+microspheres+for+lithium-ion+batteries&rft.au=Bi%2C+Zhonghe%3BParanthaman%2C+MParans%3BGuo%2C+Bingkun%3BUnocic%2C+Raymond+R%3BMeyer%2C+Harry+M%2C+III%3BBridges%2C+Craig+A%3BSun%2C+Xiao-Guang%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Bi&rft.aufirst=Zhonghe&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1818&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta14535b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Batteries; Energy; Ammonia; Atmosphere; Sustainability; Nitrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta14535b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of segregation energetics on oxygen conductivity at ionic grain boundaries AN - 1500769829; 19052925 AB - In pursuit of whether nanocrystallinity could lead to higher anion conductivity, research has revealed contradicting results exposing the limited understanding of point defect energetics at grain boundaries (GBs)/interfaces. By disentangling and addressing key GB energetics issues related to segregation, migration and binding energies of oxygen vacancies in the presence and absence of dopants at the GBs, as well as the segregation energetics of dopants, we use atomistic simulations of doped nanocrystalline ceria to elucidate that dopant segregation is the key factor leading to degradation of oxygen conductivity in nanocrystalline materials. A framework for designing enhanced conducting nanocrystalline materials is proposed where the focus of doping strategies shifts from the bulk to segregation at GBs. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Aidhy, Dilpuneet S AU - Zhang, Yanwen AU - Weber, William J AD - Materials Science and Technology Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 1 Bethel Valley, PO Box 2008, MS 6138; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA; +1 865 241 2720; , aidhyds@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - Jan 2014 SP - 1704 EP - 1709 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 2 IS - 6 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Oxygen KW - Anions KW - Degradation KW - Energy KW - Simulation KW - Grains KW - Migration KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1500769829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Impact+of+segregation+energetics+on+oxygen+conductivity+at+ionic+grain+boundaries&rft.au=Aidhy%2C+Dilpuneet+S%3BZhang%2C+Yanwen%3BWeber%2C+William+J&rft.aulast=Aidhy&rft.aufirst=Dilpuneet&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1704&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta14128d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen; Anions; Degradation; Energy; Simulation; Grains; Migration; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta14128d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An integrated approach for structural characterization of complex solid state electrolytes: the case of lithium lanthanum titanate AN - 1500758564; 19052968 AB - Neutron scattering and first principles simulation are integrated to reveal the atomic-level to nano-scale structure of lithium lanthanum titanate (LLTO), a representative solid electrolyte material with applications in Li-ion batteries. The integrated approach solves the hierarchical local structure of LLTO in detail, including the coupled chemical order and topological distortion, as well as their correlation length scale and the spatial modulation with coherent boundaries. Ab initiomolecular dynamics simulations are used to map out the distribution of the mobile ions and identify the migration pathway. Overall, this integrated approach provides powerful means for detailed study of materials with complex local chemical and topological environment. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Cheng, Y Q AU - Bi, Z H AU - Huq, A AU - Feygenson, M AU - Bridges, CA AU - Paranthaman, M P AU - Sumpter, B G AD - Chemical and Engineering Materials Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA; , chengy@ornl.gov Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - Jan 2014 SP - 2418 EP - 2426 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 2 IS - 7 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Ions KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Simulation KW - Lanthanum KW - Migration KW - Lithium KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1500758564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=An+integrated+approach+for+structural+characterization+of+complex+solid+state+electrolytes%3A+the+case+of+lithium+lanthanum+titanate&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Y+Q%3BBi%2C+Z+H%3BHuq%2C+A%3BFeygenson%2C+M%3BBridges%2C+CA%3BParanthaman%2C+M+P%3BSumpter%2C+B+G&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2418&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta14433j LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ions; Electrolytes; Batteries; Energy; Simulation; Lanthanum; Migration; Sustainability; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta14433j ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A user-oriented web crawler for selectively acquiring online content in e-health research AN - 1492621381; 18955893 AB - Motivation: Life stories of diseased and healthy individuals are abundantly available on the Internet. Collecting and mining such online content can offer many valuable insights into patients' physical and emotional states throughout the pre-diagnosis, diagnosis, treatment and post-treatment stages of the disease compared with those of healthy subjects. However, such content is widely dispersed across the web. Using traditional query-based search engines to manually collect relevant materials is rather labor intensive and often incomplete due to resource constraints in terms of human query composition and result parsing efforts. The alternative option, blindly crawling the whole web, has proven inefficient and unaffordable for e-health researchers.Results: We propose a user-oriented web crawler that adaptively acquires user-desired content on the Internet to meet the specific online data source acquisition needs of e-health researchers. Experimental results on two cancer-related case studies show that the new crawler can substantially accelerate the acquisition of highly relevant online content compared with the existing state-of-the-art adaptive web crawling technology. For the breast cancer case study using the full training set, the new method achieves a cumulative precision between 74.7 and 79.4% after 5 h of execution till the end of the 20-h long crawling session as compared with the cumulative precision between 32.8 and 37.0% using the peer method for the same time period. For the lung cancer case study using the full training set, the new method achieves a cumulative precision between 56.7 and 61.2% after 5 h of execution till the end of the 20-h long crawling session as compared with the cumulative precision between 29.3 and 32.4% using the peer method. Using the reduced training set in the breast cancer case study, the cumulative precision of our method is between 44.6 and 54.9%, whereas the cumulative precision of the peer method is between 24.3 and 26.3%; for the lung cancer case study using the reduced training set, the cumulative precisions of our method and the peer method are, respectively, between 35.7 and 46.7% versus between 24.1 and 29.6%. These numbers clearly show a consistently superior accuracy of our method in discovering and acquiring user-desired online content for e-health research. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Xu, Songhua AU - Yoon, Hong-Jun AU - Tourassi, Georgia AD - Biomedical Science and Engineering Center, Health Data Sciences Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA Y1 - 2014/01/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jan 01 SP - 104 EP - 114 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Emotions KW - Seeds KW - Data processing KW - Breast cancer KW - Bioinformatics KW - Internet KW - Physical training KW - Lung cancer KW - N 14810:Methods KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492621381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=A+user-oriented+web+crawler+for+selectively+acquiring+online+content+in+e-health+research&rft.au=Xu%2C+Songhua%3BYoon%2C+Hong-Jun%3BTourassi%2C+Georgia&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Songhua&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=104&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtt571 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Emotions; Seeds; Data processing; Breast cancer; Bioinformatics; Internet; Lung cancer; Physical training DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt571 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global simulation of bioenergy crop productivity: analytical framework and case study for switchgrass AN - 1492616733; 18888714 AB - A global energy crop productivity model that provides geospatially explicit quantitative details on biomass potential and factors affecting sustainability would be useful, but does not exist now. This study describes a modeling platform capable of meeting many challenges associated with global-scale agro-ecosystem modeling. We designed an analytical framework for bioenergy crops consisting of six major components: (i) standardized natural resources datasets, (ii) global field-trial data and crop management practices, (iii) simulation units and management scenarios, (iv) model calibration and validation, (v) high-performance computing (HPC) simulation, and (vi) simulation output processing and analysis. The HPC-Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (HPC-EPIC) model simulated a perennial bioenergy crop, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), estimating feedstock production potentials and effects across the globe. This modeling platform can assess soil C sequestration, net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, nonpoint source pollution (e.g., nutrient and pesticide loss), and energy exchange with the atmosphere. It can be expanded to include additional bioenergy crops (e.g., miscanthus, energy cane, and agave) and food crops under different management scenarios. The platform and switchgrass field-trial dataset are available to support global analysis of biomass feedstock production potential and corresponding metrics of sustainability. JF - GCB Bioenergy AU - Kang, Shujiang AU - Nair, Sujithkumar Surendran AU - Kline, Keith L AU - Nichols, Jeffrey A AU - Wang, Dali AU - Post, Wilfred M AU - Brandt, Craig C AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Singh, Nagendra AU - Wei, Yaxing AD - Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - Jan 2014 SP - 14 EP - 25 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1757-1693, 1757-1693 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Food KW - Agave KW - Nutrients KW - Atmosphere KW - Crops KW - Models KW - Soil KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Pollution KW - Miscanthus KW - Panicum virgatum KW - Nonpoint sources KW - Data processing KW - Climate KW - Simulation KW - Nonpoint pollution KW - Biomass KW - Sustainability KW - Greenhouses KW - Crop production KW - Air pollution KW - Natural resources KW - Energy KW - Pesticides KW - Standards KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Biofuels KW - D 04070:Pollution KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492616733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GCB+Bioenergy&rft.atitle=Global+simulation+of+bioenergy+crop+productivity%3A+analytical+framework+and+case+study+for+switchgrass&rft.au=Kang%2C+Shujiang%3BNair%2C+Sujithkumar+Surendran%3BKline%2C+Keith+L%3BNichols%2C+Jeffrey+A%3BWang%2C+Dali%3BPost%2C+Wilfred+M%3BBrandt%2C+Craig+C%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BSingh%2C+Nagendra%3BWei%2C+Yaxing&rft.aulast=Kang&rft.aufirst=Shujiang&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GCB+Bioenergy&rft.issn=17571693&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgcbb.12047 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nonpoint sources; Data processing; Food; Climate; Nutrients; Biomass; Atmosphere; Crops; Models; Greenhouses; Soil; Energy; Pesticides; Pollution; Simulation; Nonpoint pollution; Sustainability; Air pollution; Crop production; Carbon sequestration; Natural resources; Standards; Greenhouse gases; Biofuels; Panicum virgatum; Agave; Miscanthus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12047 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chlorite topography and dissolution of the interlayer studied with atomic force microscopy AN - 1492586087; 2014-008044 AB - The weathering of rocks is a process important for the understanding of soil formation as well as a general understanding of the interaction between litho- and hydrosphere. Phyllosilicates in general are of special importance for the understanding of weathering processes due to their abundance in rocks and soils. A common phyllosilicate in soils is chlorite, which has a structure composed of a combination of two distinct layers, the tetrahedral-octahedral-tetrahedral (TOT) and the interlayer (i.e., the octahedral layer between TOT layers). In this study, the morphology and dissolution of chlorite in pure water has been visualized using atomic force microscopy. Upon cleavage, the TOT layer shows atomically flat terraces and steps, while the interlayer presents strips and voids. In pure water, dissolution channels and equilateral, mono-oriented triangular etch pits form in the interlayer and lead to progressively increased solubilization. Dissolution channels are proposed to originate from structural defects, while a conceptual model is discussed to explain the presence of triangular etch pits. In this model, their formation is driven by the different reactivity of the two octahedral configurations along the etch pits. It is not currently known which of these is the most stable configuration, however we propose arguments that point toward a specific orientation. The conceptual model is supported by experimental data and is potentially applicable to all mineral structures constituted by continuous octahedral layers. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Gazze, Salvatore A AU - Stack, Andrew G AU - Ragnarsdottir, K Vala AU - McMaster, Terence J Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - January 2014 SP - 128 EP - 138 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 99 IS - 1 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - mineral interlayer KW - surface properties KW - solubility KW - solution KW - weathering KW - chlorite KW - brucite KW - polyhedra KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - etching KW - chlorite group KW - kinetics KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492586087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Chlorite+topography+and+dissolution+of+the+interlayer+studied+with+atomic+force+microscopy&rft.au=Gazze%2C+Salvatore+A%3BStack%2C+Andrew+G%3BRagnarsdottir%2C+K+Vala%3BMcMaster%2C+Terence+J&rft.aulast=Gazze&rft.aufirst=Salvatore&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam.2014.4478 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy data; brucite; chlorite; chlorite group; etching; kinetics; mineral interlayer; oxides; polyhedra; sheet silicates; silicates; solubility; solution; surface properties; weathering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2014.4478 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High pressure behavior of phlogopite using neutron diffraction and first principle simulations AN - 1692746081; 2015-062981 AB - Hydrous phases play an important role in the deep water cycle by transporting water into the Earth's interior. Upon, reaching their thermodynamic stability, these hydrous phases decompose and release the water. A part of the water is cycled back to the arc, thus completing the deep water cycle, the remaining water is partitioned into dense hydrous phases and nominally anhydrous phases. Hence, in order to understand the role the hydrous phases in the deep water cycle, it is important to constrain the effect of pressure, temperature, and chemistry on the thermodynamic stability of the hydrous phases. In addition, it is important to constrain the elasticity of these hydrous phases to test whether they can explain the distinct geophysical observations such as lower bulk sound velocities and elastic anisotropy. Phlogopite is a potassium bearing mica that is stable in the hydrated crust and metasomatized mantle up to pressures of approximately 9 GPa, i.e., base of the upper mantle. We investigated the response of the crystal structure, lattice parameters and unit-cell volume of a natural phlogopite upon compression. We conducted in situ neutron diffraction studies at high-pressures using Paris-Edinburgh press at the Spallation Neutrons and Pressure Diffractometer (SNAP), Oak Ridge National Laboratory. All the experiments were conducted at room temperatures and pressures up to 10 GPa were explored. The equation of state parameters from our experiments could be explained by a finite strain formulation with V (sub 0) =487 Aa (super 3) , K (sub 0) =49 GPa, K'=4.1. In addition, we have used first principle simulations based on density functional theory to calculate the equation of state and elasticity. The predicted equation of state is in good agreement with the experiments, with V (sub 0) =519 Aa (super 3) , K (sub 0) =45.8 GPa and K'=6.9. The full elastic constant tensor shows significant anisotropy with the principal elastic constants at theoretical V (sub 0) :C (sub 11) =181 GPa, C (sub 22) =185 GPa, C (sub 33) =62 GPa, the shear elastic constants--C (sub 44) =14 GPa, C (sub 55) =20 GPa, C (sub 66) =68 Ga, and C (sub 46) =-6 GPa; the off diagonal elastic cosntants C (sub 12) =48 GPa, C (sub 13) =12 GPa, C (sub 23) =12 GPa, C (sub 15) =-16 GPa, C (sub 25) =-5 GPa, and C (sub 35) =-1 GPa. We also note that the shear elastic constants for phlogopite are significantly low and it also has a high V (sub P) /V (sub S) ratio ( approximately 2 km/sec). Phlogopite bearing hydrated crust could explain the low velocity layers in the top 6-8 km of the subducting slabs. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chheda, T D AU - Mookherjee, Mainak AU - dos Santos, A M AU - Molaison, J AU - Manthilake, Geeth M AU - Chantel, J AU - Mainprice, David AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract MR43A EP - 2394 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692746081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=High+pressure+behavior+of+phlogopite+using+neutron+diffraction+and+first+principle+simulations&rft.au=Chheda%2C+T+D%3BMookherjee%2C+Mainak%3Bdos+Santos%2C+A+M%3BMolaison%2C+J%3BManthilake%2C+Geeth+M%3BChantel%2C+J%3BMainprice%2C+David%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chheda&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predictive uncertainty analysis of plume distribution for geological carbon sequestration using sparse-grid Bayesian method AN - 1692743224; 2015-059131 AB - Because of the extensive computational burden, parametric uncertainty analyses are rarely conducted for geological carbon sequestration (GCS) process based multi-phase models. The difficulty of predictive uncertainty analysis for the CO (sub 2) plume migration in realistic GCS models is not only due to the spatial distribution of the caprock and reservoir (i.e. heterogeneous model parameters), but also because the GCS optimization estimation problem has multiple local minima due to the complex nonlinear multi-phase (gas and aqueous), and multi-component (water, CO (sub 2) , salt) transport equations. The geological model built by Doughty and Pruess (2004) for the Frio pilot site (Texas) was selected and assumed to represent the "true" system, which was composed of seven different facies (geological units) distributed among 10 layers. We chose to calibrate the permeabilities of these facies. Pressure and gas saturation values from this true model were then extracted and used as observations for subsequent model calibration. Random noise was added to the observations to approximate realistic field conditions. Each simulation of the model lasts about 2 hours. In this study, we develop a new approach that improves computational efficiency of Bayesian inference by constructing a surrogate system based on an adaptive sparse-grid stochastic collocation method. This surrogate response surface global optimization algorithm is firstly used to calibrate the model parameters, then prediction uncertainty of the CO (sub 2) plume position is quantified due to the propagation from parametric uncertainty in the numerical experiments, which is also compared to the actual plume from the "true" model. Results prove that the approach is computationally efficient for multi-modal optimization and prediction uncertainty quantification for computationally expensive simulation models. Both our inverse methodology and findings can be broadly applicable to GCS in heterogeneous storage formations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Shi, X AU - Zhang, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H21H EP - 1157 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692743224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Predictive+uncertainty+analysis+of+plume+distribution+for+geological+carbon+sequestration+using+sparse-grid+Bayesian+method&rft.au=Shi%2C+X%3BZhang%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and testing the hydrological dynamics of vegetated wetland for CLM AN - 1692743201; 2015-059027 AB - Northern peatlands store approximately 30% of the global soil carbon, though only representing approximately 3% of the Earth's land surface. Community Land Model (CLM) component of the Community Earth System Model (CESM) doesn't currently represent vegetated wetlands. To address this limitation, we incorporate key structural and process changes in the CLM. The model with new modifications will be informed and tested by Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Climatic and Environmental Change Experiment (SPRUCE). Our initial efforts have focused on model modifications needed to represent the isolated hydrologic cycle of the bog environment, as well as the observed patterning of the bog interior into raised hummocks and sunken hollows having distinct hydrologic dynamics and vegetation communities. The preliminary results of the hydrologic efforts show that the simulated water table heights for hummocks and hollows are consistent with observations, and the projected seasonal water table heights for the hummock/hollow topography are reasonable. Next steps for CLM-wetlands modeling are to calibrate the new hydrology treatment with vertically structured soil and CH (sub 4) sub-model, and to introduce Sphagnum hydrology and carbon cycle physiology. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Shi, X AU - Thornton, P E AU - Ricciuto, D M AU - Hanson, P J AU - Mao, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H13N EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692743201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Development+and+testing+the+hydrological+dynamics+of+vegetated+wetland+for+CLM&rft.au=Shi%2C+X%3BThornton%2C+P+E%3BRicciuto%2C+D+M%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BMao%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chlorite reactivity and contribution to flow path modifications under conditions relevant for CO2 sequestration AN - 1692743081; 2015-059201 AB - Iron-bearing clay minerals, such as chlorite, have been identified as key reactants with CO2 in caprock and reservoir formations and have been frequently shown to coat pores and even govern connected microporosity in these formations. Some studies have linked the total amount of CO2 trapped as carbonate minerals to the abundance of chlorite, glauconite, and smectite. However, the reactivity of these minerals under the conditions and timescales relevant for geologic sequestration of CO2 is largely unknown. When these minerals occur along a fracture leakage pathway, dissolution and precipitation reactions may create self-sealing or self-enhancing leakage pathways. In this presentation, we describe experiments that probe the reactivity of chlorite and its potential to alter connected porosity and either enhance or seal fracture leakage pathways. Our experiments use a network of capillary tubes packed with chlorite to mimic the case where a CO2-acidified brine flows through a fracture and reacts with iron-bearing clays in the caprock matrix. Before and after reaction, the chlorite-filled capillaries are imaged using 3D X-ray synchrotron microtomography at three points along the column to track changes in the pore structure. During the experiment, effluent ion concentrations are tracked using ICP-MS to infer mineralogical changes. The packed capillaries are imaged periodically during the experiment using Raman Spectroscopy to interpret the evolution of minerals along the tube length. Alteration of nanoporosity is assessed through TEM imaging or SAXS. Our experiments reveal how the couplings between mass transport, weathering reactions, and pore structure alteration affect the geochemical evolution of fracture permeability. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Beckingham, L E AU - Yang, L AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Voltolini, M AU - Banuelos, J L AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Bourg, I C AU - Steefel, C I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H53C EP - 1432 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692743081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Chlorite+reactivity+and+contribution+to+flow+path+modifications+under+conditions+relevant+for+CO2+sequestration&rft.au=Beckingham%2C+L+E%3BYang%2C+L%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BVoltolini%2C+M%3BBanuelos%2C+J+L%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BBourg%2C+I+C%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Beckingham&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paramagnetic interactions in (super 31) P NMR spectroscopy as a probe for short-range order/disorder of flux-grown rare earth element orthophosphate (monazite/xenotime) solid solutions AN - 1692743027; 2015-059267 AB - Many models of inorganic solid solutions relevant to earth scientists start with the assumption of a completely random distribution of substitutional species. This is, in large part, due to the difficulty of obtaining robust experimental confirmation of short-range order/disorder using standard diffraction techniques that provide information about long-range order. Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has long been used in this capacity, as the technique is characteristically sensitive to variations in local atomic structure around specific NMR-active nuclei. NMR studies of geologically important inorganic materials have historically concentrated on diamagnetic systems in which the complicating effects of unpaired electrons from paramagnetic species (most ions of the transition metals or rare-earth elements) can be ignored. In these diamagnetic materials, variations in small-scale atomic structure in the solid state typically cause shifts in the frequencies of NMR peaks of up to a few tens of ppm. However, NMR spectroscopy is increasingly being applied to inorganic solid solutions in which one of the end members is paramagnetic. In many cases, this leads to the observation of parmagnetically-shifted peaks. Paramagnetic interactions can be much stronger than in ordinary diamagnetic materials and these peaks are typically shifted from tens to thousands of ppm. In this study we present the results of a (super 31) P NMR investigation of a series of flux-grown solid solutions of La (sub 1-x) Ce (sub x) PO (sub 4) ("x" between 0.027 and 0.32) having the monoclinic monazite structure, and of Y (sub 1-x) M (sub x) PO (sub 4) (M=V (super n+) , Ce (super 3+) , Nd (super 3+) , "x" between 0.001 and 0.014) having the tetragonal zircon structure. Paramagnetically shifted resonances were observed in the spectra of all samples shifted by up to -204 ppm due to the presence of paramagnetic V (super +n) , Ce (super 3+) , or Nd (super 3+) in the diamagnetic host phase--either LaPO (sub 4) or YPO (sub 4) . Analysis of the spectra and comparison to the crystal structures leads to the assignment of these peaks to PO (sub 4) groups having paramagnetic neighbors up to 5.685 Aa or four bond lengths away. Several low-intensity peaks were also seen in most samples and are determined to be caused by PO (sub 4) groups having more than one paramagnetic neighbor. An analysis of relative peak areas and comparison with predictions for simple models provides evidence for complete disorder (random distribution) of substitutional species in these solid solutions. The presence of paramagnetic species can lead to increased resolution in the types and proportions of different atomic configurations observed using NMR spectroscopy due to the associated larger frequency shifts and the slightly longer interaction distances involved. The more detailed information available because of these paramagnetic interactions can potentially be used to provide previously inaccessible information concerning short-range ordering in geologically and technologically important inorganic solid solutions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Palke, A C AU - Stebbins, J F AU - Boatner, L A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract MR31A EP - 2296 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692743027?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Paramagnetic+interactions+in+%28super+31%29+P+NMR+spectroscopy+as+a+probe+for+short-range+order%2Fdisorder+of+flux-grown+rare+earth+element+orthophosphate+%28monazite%2Fxenotime%29+solid+solutions&rft.au=Palke%2C+A+C%3BStebbins%2C+J+F%3BBoatner%2C+L+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Palke&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Digital object identifiers (DOI's) usage and adoption in U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) AN - 1689591390; 2015-056547 AB - Addressing grand environmental science challenges requires unprecedented access to easily understood data that cross the breadth of temporal, spatial, and thematic scales. From a scientist's perspective, the big challenges lie in discovering the relevant data, dealing with extreme data heterogeneity, large data volumes, and converting data to information and knowledge. Historical linkages between derived products, i.e. Publications, and associated datasets has not existed in the earth science community. The USGS Core Science Analytics and Synthesis, in collaboration with DOE's Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Mercury Consortium (funded by NASA, USGS and DOE), established a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) service for USGS data, metadata, and other media. This service is offered in partnership through the University of California Digital Library EZID service. USGS scientists, data managers, and other professionals can generate globally unique, persistent and resolvable identifiers for any kind of digital objects. Additional efforts to assign DOIs to historical data and publications have also been underway. These DOI identifiers are being used to cite data in journal articles, web-accessible datasets, and other media for distribution, integration, and in support of improved data management practices. The session will discuss the current DOI efforts within USGS, including a discussion on adoption, challenges, and future efforts necessary to improve access, reuse, sharing, and discoverability of USGS data and information. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Frame, M T AU - Palanisamy, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract IN13B EP - 1569 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689591390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Digital+object+identifiers+%28DOI%27s%29+usage+and+adoption+in+U.S.+Geological+Survey+%28USGS%29&rft.au=Frame%2C+M+T%3BPalanisamy%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Frame&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variations in multiscale (nano to mm) porosity in the Eagle Ford Shale as a function of maturity through the oil window AN - 1689589675; 2015-053615 AB - Porosity and permeability are key variables that link the thermal-hydrologic, geomechanical and geochemical behavior in rock systems and are thus important input parameters for transport models. Recent neutron scattering studies have indicated that the scales of pore sizes in rocks extend over many orders of magnitude from nanometer pores with huge amounts of total surface area to large open fracture systems (multiscale porosity, cf. Anovitz et al., 2009, 2011, 2013a,b). However, despite a considerable amount of effort combining conventional rock petrophysics with more sophisticated neutron scattering and electron microscopy studies, the quantitative nature of this porosity in tight gas shales, especially at smaller scales and over larger rock volumes, remains largely unknown (Clarkson, 2011). We lack a quantitative understanding of the multiscale porosity regime (i.e., pore size, shape, and volume, pore size distribution, pore connectivity, pore wall roughness) in rocks. Nor is it understood how porosity is affected by regional variation, thermal changes across the oil window, and, most critically, hydraulic fracturing operations. In order to begin to provide a quantitative understanding of porosity at nanometer to core scales in these shale formations and how it relates to gas storage and recovery we have used a combination of small and ultrasmall angle neutron scattering measurments made on the GP-SANS instrument at ORNL/HFIR, and the NG3-SANS and BT5-USANS instruments and NIST/NCNR, with SEM/BSE and X-ray Computed Tomographic imaging to analyze the pore structure of both clay and carbonate-rich samples of the Eagle Ford Shale. The Eagle Ford Shale is a late Cretaceous unit underlying much of southeast Texas and probably adjacent sections of Mexico. It outcrops in an arc from north of Austin, through San Antonio and then west towards Kinney County. It is hydrocarbon rich, and buried portions straddle the oil window. The Eagle Ford is currently one of the most actively drilled oil and gas targets in the US. The first successful horizontal well was drilled in 2008, and 2522 permits were recorded (Texas railroad commission) by Sept 1, 2011. While the oil and gas reserves in the Eagle Ford have been known since the 1970's, prior to the invention of horizontal drilling/hydraulic fracturing it was not considered economic. Several important trends in the rock pore structure have been identified using our approach. Pore distributions are clearly fractal but, as was observed for the St. Peter sandstone (Anovitz et al., 2013a), are composed of several size distributions. Initial porosity is strongly anisotropic, as expected for shales. However, this decreases for shales, and disappears for carbonates with maturity. In both cases significant reduction occurs in total porosity, with most of the change coming at the finest scales (< approximately 10 nm), and an observable decrease at intermediate scales (near 100 nm) Research sponsored by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, and as part of the Center for Nanoscale Control of Geologic CO2, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science under U.S. Dept. of Energy (DOE) contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Cole, D R AU - Swift, A AU - Sheets, J AU - Elston, H W AU - Gutierrez, M A AU - Cook, A AU - Chipera, S AU - Littrell, K C AU - Mildner, D F AU - Wasbrough, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H33L EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689589675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Variations+in+multiscale+%28nano+to+mm%29+porosity+in+the+Eagle+Ford+Shale+as+a+function+of+maturity+through+the+oil+window&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+L+M%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BSwift%2C+A%3BSheets%2C+J%3BElston%2C+H+W%3BGutierrez%2C+M+A%3BCook%2C+A%3BChipera%2C+S%3BLittrell%2C+K+C%3BMildner%2C+D+F%3BWasbrough%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water-organic-rock reactions recorded in pores in shales from the Marcellus and Rose Hill formations AN - 1689589189; 2015-053611 AB - The porosity of shales varies depending upon such attributes as the mineralogy, grain size, organic content, depth and duration of burial, and extent of water-rock reaction. Today, shales are being exploited when they contain significant natural gas, and the connectivity of pores are important toward controlling both recovery of gas after hydrofracking. In fact, the fine-scale nature of the pores controls aspects of release of natural gas and brines during hydrofracturing and gas exploitation. Despite the importance of shale as a source rock for natural gas and petroleum, it remains difficult to quantify and image porosity in shales because of their fine-scale nature. We are using neutron scattering, FIB SEM, CT microtomography, and other techniques to understand pores in a black (Marcellus) and a grey shale (Rose Hill formation) sampled in Pennsylvania. Samples were recovered both from outcrop and from depth in wellbores. We also report a new approach for investigating pores in shales by using neutron scattering before and after removal of organic matter. Pores in the two shales are observed to be isotropic (i.e. in the plane of bedding) or anisotropic (i.e. perpendicular to bedding), as expected for sediments that have been compacted after burial. Some nanometer-sized pores are observed in the organic matter of the Marcellus to be spherical; other pores are observed to be present in pyrite framboids and among silicate grains in that rock. We have no evidence that significant porosity is present in the organic matter in the Rose Hill formation, a relatively organic-poor shale, but pores are observed between and in clay particles. We also investigate how progressive water-rock reaction changes the primary porosity in the shales by investigating weathering samples. FIB SEM images document that organic matter is oxidized and removed significantly from the weathering Marcellus before the rock turns to soil, leaving behind porosity. Pyrite oxidation and dissolution also creates pores in the Marcellus bedrock before it turns to soil. Only the latter process is significant in the Rose Hill shale. Unlike other weathering rocks (granites, diabase, basalt), the pores in the shales comprise surface fractals both before and after weathering. Understanding how water enters and transforms pores in shales at depth and near surface will increase our ability to protect our water and soil resources, as well as inform our methods of gas recovery. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Brantley, S L AU - Jin, L AU - Rother, G AU - Cole, D R AU - Gu, X AU - Balashov, V N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H33L EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689589189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Water-organic-rock+reactions+recorded+in+pores+in+shales+from+the+Marcellus+and+Rose+Hill+formations&rft.au=Brantley%2C+S+L%3BJin%2C+L%3BRother%2C+G%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BGu%2C+X%3BBalashov%2C+V+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brantley&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A systems approach to understanding subarctic critical zone changes in a warming climate AN - 1686059260; 2015-050590 AB - Climate change is dramatically altering the subarctic and Arctic Critical Zone. Permafrost, which currently holds approximately one third of global soil carbon in a relatively unavailable form, is predicted to be virtually eliminated by the end of the century. One endpoint for permafrost habitat thaw is wetlands, which are a major source of the microbially-produced greenhouse gas methane. This creates a potentially large positive feedback to climate change. Our team is using a systems approach spanning diverse geochemical (high-resolution greenhouse gas isofluxes and soil/peat geochemistry) and molecular (16S rRNA gene amplicon, metagenomic and metaproteomic sequencing) measurements to track parallel changes in carbon cycling and in situ microbiology across a natural permafrost thaw gradient. Thaw at this site results in a three-stage habitat shift from ericaceous shrubs, to peat moss, to sedges, concomitant with a substantial increase in methane emissions. Isotopically, emitted methane shifts along the thaw gradient away from hydrogenotrophic methane production, in parallel with the appearance of acetoclastic methanogens in the microbial community. Community data have also revealed the presence of a novel, highly-active methanogen from the euryarchaeal lineage Rice Cluster-II, dubbed Candidatus Methanoflorens stordalenmirensis. Its 'species' is present in numerous other global wetland datasets, has the genomic capacity (inferred from its population genome) for hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, and was the highest environmental correlate of emitted methane's isotopic signature. In situ community global protein expression profiles (i.e. metaproteomes) revealed that it strongly expresses its hydrogentrophic methanogensis genes, and that methanogenesis is a dominant signal in the overall community proteome. As we generate a portrait of how thaw impacts this major subarctic critical zone habitat, we are working with ecosystem process modelers to integrate new understandings into prognostic models of climate change feedbacks. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rich, V I AU - McCalley, C K AU - Woodcroft, B J AU - Kim, E AU - Hodgkins, S B AU - Tfaily, M M AU - Wehr, R A AU - Logan, T AU - Jones, R AU - Mondav, R AU - Hurst, G AU - Verberkmoes, N AU - Li, C AU - Frolking, S E AU - Crill, P M AU - Chanton, J AU - Saleska, S R AU - Tyson, G W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract EP11A EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686059260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+systems+approach+to+understanding+subarctic+critical+zone+changes+in+a+warming+climate&rft.au=Rich%2C+V+I%3BMcCalley%2C+C+K%3BWoodcroft%2C+B+J%3BKim%2C+E%3BHodgkins%2C+S+B%3BTfaily%2C+M+M%3BWehr%2C+R+A%3BLogan%2C+T%3BJones%2C+R%3BMondav%2C+R%3BHurst%2C+G%3BVerberkmoes%2C+N%3BLi%2C+C%3BFrolking%2C+S+E%3BCrill%2C+P+M%3BChanton%2C+J%3BSaleska%2C+S+R%3BTyson%2C+G+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rich&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probing the hydrogen sublattice of FeHx with high-pressure neutron diffraction AN - 1686058022; 2015-049073 AB - The combination of seismic, cosmochemical, and mineral physics observations have revealed that Earth's iron-rich core must contain some light elements, such as hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, silicon, and/or sulfur. Therefore, understanding the influence of these light elements on the structural, thermoelastic, and electronic properties of iron is important for constraining the composition of this remote layer of the Earth and, in turn, providing constraints on planetary differentiation and core formation models. The high-pressure structural and magnetic properties of iron hydride (FeHx) have previously been studied using synchrotron x-ray diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy. Such experiments revealed that the double hexagonal close-packed (dhcp) structure of FeHx is stable above a pressure of approximately 5 GPa and up to at least 80 GPa at 300 K. In addition, dhcp-FeHx is ferromagnetic at low-pressures, but undergoes a magnetic collapse around 22 GPa. X-ray experiments provide valuable insight into the properties of FeHx, but such techniques are largely sensitive to the iron component because it is difficult to detect the hydrogen sublattice with x-rays. Therefore, neutron diffraction has been used to investigate metastable FeHx, which is formed by quenching the high-pressure phase to liquid nitrogen temperatures and probing the sample at ambient pressure. However, such neutron experiments have been limited to formation pressures below 10 GPa, and cannot be performed at ambient temperature. Here we present the first in-situ investigation of FeHx at 300 K using high-pressure neutron diffraction experiments performed at the Spallation Neutrons and Pressure Diffractometer (SNAP) instrument at the Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory. In order to achieve pressures of approximately 50 GPa, we loaded iron samples with a hydrogen gas pressure medium into newly designed large-volume panoramic diamond-anvil cells (DACs) for neutron diffraction experiments. We will present the details of our DAC preparations and results of our in-situ structural refinements of dhcp-FeHx up to approximately 50 GPa. Together with previous investigations of the thermoelastic and electronic properties of FeHx, we will discuss implications for the composition of Earth's iron-rich core. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Murphy, C A AU - Guthrie, M AU - Boehler, R AU - Somayazulu, M AU - Fei, Y AU - Molaison, J AU - dos Santos, A M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract MR12A EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686058022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Probing+the+hydrogen+sublattice+of+FeHx+with+high-pressure+neutron+diffraction&rft.au=Murphy%2C+C+A%3BGuthrie%2C+M%3BBoehler%2C+R%3BSomayazulu%2C+M%3BFei%2C+Y%3BMolaison%2C+J%3Bdos+Santos%2C+A+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential impacts of intensive cellulosic biofuel production on water quality and quantity in the Upper Coast Plain, US AN - 1680751380; 2015-041062 AB - This study outlines a long-term project focused on impacts of short-rotation loblolly pine production as a biofuel feedstock. The project was initiated in 2009 and focused on the development of a baseline dataset developed from hydrometric, isotopic, and water quality monitoring of a set of small paired catchments. In the winter of 2013 a series of treatments, representing typical forest management strategies in the southeastern US were implemented, and monitoring will continue through 2018. The detailed monitoring program has resulted in a conceptual model of catchment hydrological function, which is being used to scale the observational evidence up to larger watershed scales. The presentation focuses primarily on these modeling results, with particular emphasis on the influence of short rotation harvest on groundwater recharge and stream water quantity over decadal scales. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Vache, K B AU - Jackson, C R AU - Bitew, M M AU - Blake, J AU - McDonnell, Jeffrey J AU - Griffiths, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H11B EP - 1158 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680751380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Potential+impacts+of+intensive+cellulosic+biofuel+production+on+water+quality+and+quantity+in+the+Upper+Coast+Plain%2C+US&rft.au=Vache%2C+K+B%3BJackson%2C+C+R%3BBitew%2C+M+M%3BBlake%2C+J%3BMcDonnell%2C+Jeffrey+J%3BGriffiths%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vache&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial and spectral characterization, mapping, and 3D reconstructing of ice-wedge polygons using high resolution LiDAR data AN - 1668228639; 2015-027498 AB - In landscapes with ice-wedge polygons, fine-scale land surface characterization is critically important because the processes that govern the carbon cycle and hydrological dynamics are controlled by features on the order of a few to tens of meters. To characterize the fine-scale features in polygonal ground in Barrow, Alaska, we use high-resolution LiDAR-derived topographic data (such as elevation, slope, curvature, and a novel "directed distance (DD)" to develop quantitative metrics that allow for the discretization and characterization of polygons (formed by seasonal freeze and thaw processes). First, we used high resolution (0.25 m) LiDAR to show that the high and low centered polygon features exhibit a unique signature in the Fourier power spectrum where the landscape signature on freeze and thaw process ( approximately 5 to 100 m) is super imposed on the coarse scale fluvial eroded landscape (rudimentary river network) signature. We next convolve LiDAR elevations with multiscale wavelets and objectively choose appropriate scales to map interconnected troughs of high- and low-centered polygons. For the ice wedges where LiDAR surface expressions (troughs) are not well developed, we used a Delaunay triangulation to connect the ice-wedge network and map the topologically connected polygons. This analysis allows us to explore the 3D morphometry of these high- and low-centered polygons and develop a supervised set of ensemble characteristic templates for each polygon type as a function of directed distance (DD). These templates are used to classify the ice-wedge polygon landscape into low-centered polygons with limited troughs, and high- and low-centered polygons with well-developed trough network. We further extend the characteristic templates to polygon ensemble slopes and curvatures as a function of DD and develop a classification scheme for microtopographic features including troughs, rims, elevated ridges, and centers for both high-centered and low-centered polygon. Finally, we show that the developed topographic template curves can be used to synthetically generate 3D model domain polygonal discretizations and characterizations and to predict ice wedge degradation levels--all using commonly available high resolution remotely sensed data where high-resolution LiDAR data is unavailable. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gangodagamage, C AU - Rowland, J C AU - Skurikhin, A N AU - Wilson, C J AU - Brumby, S P AU - Painter, S L AU - Gable, C W AU - Bui, Q AU - Short, L S AU - Liljedahl, A AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Wainwright, H M AU - Dafflon, B AU - Tweedie, C E AU - Kumar, J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B51H EP - 0402 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668228639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Spatial+and+spectral+characterization%2C+mapping%2C+and+3D+reconstructing+of+ice-wedge+polygons+using+high+resolution+LiDAR+data&rft.au=Gangodagamage%2C+C%3BRowland%2C+J+C%3BSkurikhin%2C+A+N%3BWilson%2C+C+J%3BBrumby%2C+S+P%3BPainter%2C+S+L%3BGable%2C+C+W%3BBui%2C+Q%3BShort%2C+L+S%3BLiljedahl%2C+A%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BWainwright%2C+H+M%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BTweedie%2C+C+E%3BKumar%2C+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gangodagamage&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An adaptable seismic data format for modern scientific workflows AN - 1664434612; 2015-023114 AB - Data storage, exchange, and access play a critical role in modern seismology. Current seismic data formats, such as SEED, SAC, and SEG-Y, were designed with specific applications in mind and are frequently a major bottleneck in implementing efficient workflows. We propose a new modern parallel format that can be adapted for a variety of seismic workflows. The Adaptable Seismic Data Format (ASDF) features high-performance parallel read and write support and the ability to store an arbitrary number of traces of varying sizes. Provenance information is stored inside the file so that users know the origin of the data as well as the precise operations that have been applied to the waveforms. The design of the new format is based on several real-world use cases, including earthquake seismology and seismic interferometry. The metadata is based on the proven XML schemas StationXML and QuakeML. Existing time-series analysis tool-kits are easily interfaced with this new format so that seismologists can use robust, previously developed software packages, such as ObsPy and the SAC library. ADIOS, netCDF4, and HDF5 can be used as the underlying container format. At Princeton University, we have chosen to use ADIOS as the container format because it has shown superior scalability for certain applications, such as dealing with big data on HPC systems. In the context of high-performance computing, we have implemented ASDF into the global adjoint tomography workflow on Oak Ridge National Laboratory's supercomputer Titan. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Smith, J A AU - Bozdag, E AU - Krischer, L AU - Lefebvre, M AU - Lei, W AU - Podhorszki, N AU - Tromp, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract S33A EP - 2381 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664434612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=An+adaptable+seismic+data+format+for+modern+scientific+workflows&rft.au=Smith%2C+J+A%3BBozdag%2C+E%3BKrischer%2C+L%3BLefebvre%2C+M%3BLei%2C+W%3BPodhorszki%2C+N%3BTromp%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic window selection and misfit measurements for global adjoint tomography AN - 1664434326; 2015-023115 AB - Global Adjoint Tomography requires fast parallel processing of large datasets. After obtaining the preprocessed observed and synthetic seismograms, we use the open source software packages FLEXWIN (Maggi et al. 2007) to select time windows and MEASURE (sub A) DJ to make measurements. These measurements define adjoint sources for data assimilation. Previous versions of these tools work on a pair of SAC files--observed and synthetic seismic data for the same component and station, and loop over all seismic records associated with one earthquake. Given the large number of stations and earthquakes, the frequent read and write operations create severe I/O bottlenecks on modern computing platforms. We present new versions of these tools utilizing a new seismic data format, namely the Adaptive Seismic Data Format(ASDF). This new format shows superior scalability for applications on high-performance computers and accommodates various types of data, including earthquake, industry and seismic interferometry datasets. ASDF also provides user-friendly APIs, which can be easily integrated into the adjoint tomography workflow and combined with other data processing tools. In addition to solving the I/O bottleneck, we are making several improvements to these tools. For example, FLEXWIN is tuned to select windows for different types of earthquakes. To capture their distinct features, we categorize earthquakes by their depths and frequency bands. Moreover, instead of only picking phases between the first P arrival and the surface-wave arrivals, our aim is to select and assimilate many other later prominent phases in adjoint tomography. For example, in the body-wave band (17 s - 60 s), we include SKS, sSKS and their multiple, while in the surface-wave band (60 s - 120 s) we incorporate major-arc surface waves. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lei, W AU - Bozdag, E AU - Lefebvre, M AU - Podhorszki, N AU - Smith, J A AU - Tromp, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract S33A EP - 2382 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664434326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Seismic+window+selection+and+misfit+measurements+for+global+adjoint+tomography&rft.au=Lei%2C+W%3BBozdag%2C+E%3BLefebvre%2C+M%3BPodhorszki%2C+N%3BSmith%2C+J+A%3BTromp%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lei&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating high resolution climate model predictability and skill in response to the Mount Pinatubo eruption AN - 1660631236; 2015-018648 AB - A central goal of climate research is to determine the perceptible effect of climate change on humans; in other words, the regional and decadal scale effects of carbon dioxide forcing. Identifying the most pronounced and long-lasting responses of climate variables to forcing is important for decadal prediction since forcing terms are one of the sources of predictability on those time scales. Volcanic eruptions provide a powerful, transient forcing on the global climate system by injecting tons of sulfur compounds into the stratosphere that react to form sulfate aerosols. The Community Earth System Model is used to explore predictability in response to the Mount Pinatubo eruption. In this study, the Mount Pinatubo eruption is simulated at very high resolution (T341) using the Community Earth System Model. The predictability of responses to the eruption are calculated and compared with previous studies of the same model at lower resolution for two configurations. All three configurations are compared with observations to evaluate model skill. The Northern Hemisphere winter warming response to the eruption improves in spatial distribution and strength at higher resolution. Stratospheric humidity increases predictably in all model configurations, with spatial analysis showing the that response is centered over the tropical tropopause. The polar night jet response to the eruption is not well replicated for any configuration. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gaddis, A L AU - Evans, K J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract A23E EP - 0292 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660631236?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Evaluating+high+resolution+climate+model+predictability+and+skill+in+response+to+the+Mount+Pinatubo+eruption&rft.au=Gaddis%2C+A+L%3BEvans%2C+K+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gaddis&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of plant uptake on perchlorate isotopic composition AN - 1656037059; 2015-012993 AB - The occurrence of perchlorate (ClO (sub 4) (super -) ) in the environment is attributed to both synthetic and natural sources. Unlike anthropogenic ClO (sub 4) (super -) , natural ClO (sub 4) (super -) exhibits a wide range in isotopic compositions, suggesting that natural ClO (sub 4) (super -) is formed through more than one pathway and/or undergoes post-depositional isotopic fractionation processes. One of these processes could be plant uptake and metabolism. Plants are known to reversibly accumulate ClO (sub 4) (super -) . However, there is little information available regarding the ability for plants to isotopically fractionate ClO (sub 4) (super -) . Plants could alter ClO (sub 4) (super -) isotopic composition either by mass dependent fractionation via transport carriers in the root, diffusion limitations through the root, translocation within the plant, reduction of ClO (sub 4) (super -) by plant enzymes, or non-specific exchange of oxygen in ClO (sub 4) (super -) catalyzed by plant compounds/processes. We examined the potential for plants to alter the isotopic composition of ClO (sub 4) (super -) (delta (super 37) Cl, delta (super 18) O, and Delta (super 17) O) in both hydroponic and field scale experiments. Hydroponically grown snap bean plants were exposed to variable ClO (sub 4) (super -) concentrations (2mg/L and 10mg/L) in solutions prepared from ClO (sub 4) (super -) with both normal and anomalous O isotopic abundances. At maturity, we evaluated the uptake of ClO (sub 4) (super -) relative to other anions and the isotopic compositions of ClO (sub 4) (super -) in both plants and growth solutions. Additional experiments involved field scale exposures of snap beans to irrigation water containing low levels (< 10 ug/L) of ClO (sub 4) (super -) . The majority of the initial mass of ClO (sub 4) (super -) for both the low and high exposure hydroponic treatments was recovered in the growth solutions (20-40%) or plant compartments (40-60%), while some mass was not recovered ( approximately 20%). ClO (sub 4) (super -) isotopic compositions were essentially identical between recovered ClO (sub 4) (super -) in the plant tissues and hydroponic solutions. Anion ratios indicate that ClO (sub 4) (super -) was accumulated similarly to NO (sub 3) (super -) but preferentially to Cl (super -) ( approximately 4X). In field experiments, the isotopic composition of ClO (sub 4) (super -) in snap bean plants (stems and leaves) also was similar to that of ClO (sub 4) (super -) in the irrigation water, which resembled ClO (sub 4) (super -) imported from the Atacama Desert. Minor differences between plant and irrigation-water values in the field experiments may indicate additional ClO (sub 4) (super -) sources, such as indigenous ClO (sub 4) (super -) supplied by rain or present in the soil. Based on these data, snap bean plants do not alter ClO (sub 4) (super -) isotopic composition substantially either by uptake or during storage within the plant. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Estrada, N L AU - Jackson, W A AU - Bohlke, J K AU - Sturchio, N C AU - Gu, B AU - Rao, B AU - Hatzinger, P B AU - Harvey, G AU - Burkey, K AU - McGrath, M T AU - Sevanthi, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V21A EP - 2692 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656037059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Effect+of+plant+uptake+on+perchlorate+isotopic+composition&rft.au=Estrada%2C+N+L%3BJackson%2C+W+A%3BBohlke%2C+J+K%3BSturchio%2C+N+C%3BGu%2C+B%3BRao%2C+B%3BHatzinger%2C+P+B%3BHarvey%2C+G%3BBurkey%2C+K%3BMcGrath%2C+M+T%3BSevanthi%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Estrada&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Terrestrial occurrence of perchlorate and the relationship to nitrate in arid and semi-arid areas AN - 1656037027; 2015-012989 AB - Indigenous perchlorate (ClO (sub 4) (super -) ) is of increasing interest due to its wide spread occurrence on Earth and Mars. In addition, ClO (sub 4) (super -) has a number of attributes that may facilitate life and it appears that the metabolic ability to reduce ClO (sub 4) (super -) may be quite ancient. There are numerous reports of natural terrestrial ClO (sub 4) (super -) occurrence, deposition, and production but little information exists on the relative occurrence of ClO (sub 4) (super -) to other major anions, stability of ClO (sub 4) (super -) , and the long term variations in ClO (sub 4) (super -) production that may have led to the observed distributions. ClO (sub 4) (super -) is chemically stable under typical environmental conditions but can be reduced by some bacteria under anoxic conditions. We evaluated samples of soils/caliches and groundwater from a number of arid and semi-arid areas including multiple areas of the U.S. southwest (Edwards Aquifer, Rio Grande Basin, and Amargosa Desert), southern Africa, United Arab Emirates, China (3 locations, including the massive Turpan-Hami NO (sub 3) (super -) deposits ), Antarctica, and large areas of the Atacama Desert in Chile. NO (sub 3) (super -) and ClO (sub 4) (super -) concentrations in soils/caliches were highly correlated (r>0.75) at each location and generally for groundwater samples (r=0.60-0.97). Average NO (sub 3) (super -) /ClO (sub 4) (super -) molar ratios were generally lower and less variable in groundwaters (11,000 to 61,000) and somewhat higher and more variable for soils/caliches (12,000 to 120,000) excluding Atacama Desert samples. These ratios are bracketed by the range of ratios observed in dry and wet deposition in the United States. In contrast, NO (sub 3) (super -) /ClO (sub 4) (super -) molar ratios of Atacama samples are an order of magnitude lower (1,400) than any other location evaluated or any measured deposition. The isotopic composition of NO (sub 3) (super -) (delta (super 15) N, delta (super 18) O, and Delta (super 17) O) varies substantially among the sites. Sites that contain atmospheric NO (sub 3) (super -) primarily (Turpan-Hami and Atacama) if not solely (Antarctica Dry Valley), based on delta (super 18) O and Delta (super 17) O values, tend to have relatively low NO (sub 3) (super -) /ClO (sub 4) (super -) ratios, possibly indicating addition of biogenic NO (sub 3) (super -) at more biologically active sites, which generally have higher NO (sub 3) (super -) /ClO (sub 4) (super -) ratios. However, the extreme low ratio for the Atacama Desert cannot simply be due to preservation and lack of biogenic input unless some other ClO (sub 4) (super -) source is present. Sites with high Delta (super 17) O values in NO (sub 3) (super -) (presumably from atmospheric reactions involving ozone) commonly also contain ClO (sub 4) (super -) with high Delta (super 17) O, but there is not a good correlation between these isotope values. Currently, there is no simple mechanism that can explain observed variations in NO (sub 3) (super -) /ClO (sub 4) (super -) ratios and stable isotopic compositions. Potential variables may include catalyzed isotopic exchange, local ClO (sub 4) (super -) production on soils or in brines, and global variation in sources of atmospheric precursors. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jackson, W A AU - Bohlke, J K AU - Sevanthi, R AU - Bexfield, L AU - Fahlquist, L AU - Andraski, B J AU - Gates, J B AU - Eckardt, F D AU - Gu, B AU - Rao, B AU - Davila, A AU - Sturchio, N C AU - Hatzinger, P B AU - Harvey, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V21A EP - 2688 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656037027?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Terrestrial+occurrence+of+perchlorate+and+the+relationship+to+nitrate+in+arid+and+semi-arid+areas&rft.au=Jackson%2C+W+A%3BBohlke%2C+J+K%3BSevanthi%2C+R%3BBexfield%2C+L%3BFahlquist%2C+L%3BAndraski%2C+B+J%3BGates%2C+J+B%3BEckardt%2C+F+D%3BGu%2C+B%3BRao%2C+B%3BDavila%2C+A%3BSturchio%2C+N+C%3BHatzinger%2C+P+B%3BHarvey%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An atmospheric CH (sub 4) sink in the High Arctic and its implication for global warming AN - 1656036057; 2015-014974 AB - Arctic permafrost underlies about 16% of the Earth's surface and contains approximately 500 Pg of C down to one meter. Organic-rich peatlands (averaging approximately 4 wt% SOC) comprise 19% of this area, whereas the remaining 81% is permafrost-affected mineral cryosols (0.5-1.5 wt% SOC). Temperatures in the Arctic are predicted to increase approximately 6 degrees C over the next 100 years which increases the depth of the active layer, the seasonally thawed soil above the permafrost. Thawing permafrost peat deposits (e.g. Stordalen Mire, Sweden) are currently CH4 sources. Field measurements, intact core studies and microcosm experiments performed by us, however, over the past few years on mineral cryosols associated with ice wedge polygons from Axel Heiberg Island (AHI) in the Canadian High Arctic consistently indicate that they are sinks for atmospheric CH4 as well as the CH4 emitted from the underlying permafrost. After 1.5 years of thawing at 4 degrees C, 1 m long intact cores of the active layer and underlying permafrost mineral cryosols collected from ice wedge polygons at AHI continue to exhibit uptake of atmospheric CH4 even for water saturated cores. The measured core fluxes are consistent with flux measurements performed in the field over the past two years, which range from 0.005 to 0.89 mg CH4-C/m2/hr and which have revealed significant differences in the atmospheric CH4 consumption fluxes between the polygon interiors and the polygon troughs. Metagenome and metaproteome analyses of these mineral cryosols indicates that the pmoA genes and proteins are most similar to an uncultured methanotroph type known as USC-alpha , which is recognized as a high affinity, atmospheric CH4 oxidizer. Our microcosm studies have yielded atmospheric CH4 uptake rates that are consistent with those of published results from high latitude organic-rich soils and temperate forest soils and indicate a temperature dependency for the cellular rate of CH4 oxidization that is approximately twice that reported for methanogenesis. This temperature dependency when combined with annual temperature records from nearby Eureka weather station suggests that these High Arctic ice wedge polygons are significant annual sinks for atmospheric CH4. Because the maximum atmospheric CH4 uptake rate coincides with the summer time dips in the recorded atmospheric CH4 and peaks in delta 13C, we propose that seasonal variations in the high latitude atmospheric CH4 are partially modulated by the activity of atmospheric CH4 oxidizers. We also suggest that this sink will increase with rising Arctic temperatures and may lessen the interannual increases in atmospheric CH4. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Onstott, Tullis C AU - Lau, C M AU - Stackhouse, B T AU - Medvigy, D AU - Chen, Yuheng AU - Layton, A AU - Vishnivetskaya, T A AU - Pfiffner, S M AU - Whyte, Lyle AU - Mykytczuk, N AU - Ronholm, Jen AU - Allan, Jennifer AU - Bennett, P AU - Chourey, K AU - Hettich, R L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B33K EP - 0616 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656036057?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=An+atmospheric+CH+%28sub+4%29+sink+in+the+High+Arctic+and+its+implication+for+global+warming&rft.au=Onstott%2C+Tullis+C%3BLau%2C+C+M%3BStackhouse%2C+B+T%3BMedvigy%2C+D%3BChen%2C+Yuheng%3BLayton%2C+A%3BVishnivetskaya%2C+T+A%3BPfiffner%2C+S+M%3BWhyte%2C+Lyle%3BMykytczuk%2C+N%3BRonholm%2C+Jen%3BAllan%2C+Jennifer%3BBennett%2C+P%3BChourey%2C+K%3BHettich%2C+R+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Onstott&rft.aufirst=Tullis&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - From wetlands to sauropods (?) and cold seeps; new perspectives on methane cycling in the Phanerozoic AN - 1656035584; 2015-015069 AB - The role of methane in Phanerozoic climate change is a topic of debate. Methane has been implicated as a contributory climate forcing agent to sustained warm climates during the Permo-Carboniferous, the Mesozoic, and the Paleogene. It also has been discussed as a driver of transient warming events including rapid deglaciation marking the end of a hypothesized 'snowball' type glacial era in the run up to the Phanerozoic, the end-Ordovician glaciation, the Permo-Triassic boundary, and the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. Here we review evidence for methane's role in Phanerozoic global climate change and present new carbon budget calculations for the Ordovician and Permo-Triassic. In addition, we will highlight some new perspectives on methane cycling, ranging from the possible significance of seawater sulfate concentrations in modulating oceanic anaerobic methane oxidation, methane emissions from the guts of sauropods and ruminants, to the decomposition of methane hydrates at active continental margins triggered by deep fluid flow in accretionary prism sediments during great earthquakes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tripati, A AU - Beerling, D AU - Bristow, T AU - Campbell, K AU - Catling, D C AU - Reinhard, C AU - Rohrssen, M AU - Sample, J C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract U33A EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656035584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=From+wetlands+to+sauropods+%28%3F%29+and+cold+seeps%3B+new+perspectives+on+methane+cycling+in+the+Phanerozoic&rft.au=Tripati%2C+A%3BBeerling%2C+D%3BBristow%2C+T%3BCampbell%2C+K%3BCatling%2C+D+C%3BReinhard%2C+C%3BRohrssen%2C+M%3BSample%2C+J+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tripati&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between mineralogy and porosity in subsurface formations relevant to geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration AN - 1645572684; 2015-006374 AB - Porosity and permeability are the key variables that link the thermal, hydrological, geochemical and geomechanical processes that redistribute mass and energy in response to injection of CO2 into the subsurface. The size, shape, distribution and connectivity of rock pores dictate how fluids migrate into and through these micro- and nanoenvironments, wet and react with the solid. The link between pore size distribution and connectivity and pore-wall mineralogy is still poorly constrained for both reservoir and caprocks. The objectives of this effort are to characterize the nano- to macropore features, quantify mineral-specific reactive surface areas in both pore and fracture networks, and determine how pores and fractures evolve in reacted systems at temperature-pressure-composition conditions relevant to CO2 injection. Representative caprocks and reservoir rocks associated with CO2 injection activities (e.g. shallow buried quartz arenites from the St. Peter Sandstone and the deeper Mt. Simon sandstone in Ohio as well as the Eau Claire Formation shale and mudrocks) are being interrogated with an array of complementary methods - e.g. SEM, TEM, neutron scattering, X-ray CT, neutron tomography as well as conventional petrophysics. (Ultra)small-angle neutron scattering and autocorrelations derived from BSE imaging provide a powerful method of quantifying pore structures in a statistically significant manner from the nanometer to the centimeter scale. Results will be described comparing shale and mudrocks that indicate there are significant variations not only in terms of total nano- to micro-porosity and pore interconnectivity, but also in terms of pore surface fractal (roughness) and mass fractal (pore distributions) dimensions as well as size distributions. For tight formations we have observed that: (a) total porosity exhibiting bimodality may be typical of shale and mudstones, (b) connected porosity exhibiting bimodal tendencies may not be uncommon in shale and mudstone caprocks, (c) as expected, fissile shale contains far greater abundance of nanopores than do mudstones, (d) connected porosity also mimics the bimodal total porosity trends with connected nanopores observed below about 400 nm and connected micropores between 50 and 100 microns, (e) pore mineralogy (hence potential reactive surface area) is generally very different than the bulk mineralogy, especially for mudstones where phases present in minor abundances in the bulk may contribute more to the connected pore network. The data on sandstones suggest that nano- and microporosity are more prevalent in nominally coarse-grained lithologies and may play a more important role than previously thought in fluid/rock interactions. Information from imaging and scattering are being used to constrain computer-generated, random, three-dimensional porous structures. The results integrate various sources of experimental information and are statistically compatible with the real rock. These computerized porous matrices will then be used in CO2 sorption MD simulations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Cole, D R AU - Swift, A AU - Sheets, J AU - Welch, S AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Rother, G AU - Vlcek, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V41A EP - 2772 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645572684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+mineralogy+and+porosity+in+subsurface+formations+relevant+to+geologic+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration&rft.au=Cole%2C+D+R%3BSwift%2C+A%3BSheets%2C+J%3BWelch%2C+S%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BRother%2C+G%3BVlcek%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO (sub 2) environments under extreme mineral confinement; simulation challenges, molecular-based insights, and implications on macroscopic modeling AN - 1645570144; 2015-006346 AB - We address key issues regarding the behavior at CO2 environments under extreme silica confinement, which become of high relevance to the understanding of the process of geological storage of CO2, including (a) how the nature of the surface affects the mineral-fluid interfacial structure and the thermodynamic response functions (b) how the overlapping of mineral-fluid interfaces affects the partition of species between confinement and bulk, (c) how CO2 contaminants compete for preferential adsorption and affect the composition of the interfacial layers, and (d) how the presence of mineral stress might alter the interfacial/confinement phenomena. The effort comprises extensive isobaric-isothermal/grand-canonical molecular dynamics simulations of CO2+contaminant systems based on optimized force-field parameterization. Based on this study we illustrate how the interplay between different types of fluid-surface interactions and extreme fluid confinement, i.e., strong overlapping of interfacial structures, can induce unexpected behavior such as (i) the significant reduction of the isothermal compressibility and isobaric thermal expansivity of confined CO2-rich phases relative to the corresponding bulk counterparts, (ii) drying out of the pore environment whose immediate consequence is a significant enhancement of the pore CO2 concentration relative to that of the corresponding bulk environment, and (iii) the significant effect of surface and fluid polarity on determining the preferential adsorption and resulting species partition. Finally, we discuss some macroscopic implications of our findings, including a novel route to define the mean density of confined fluids without requiring the estimation of the confined volume, and the inadequacy of temperature/average-density corresponding state modeling for the description of the behavior of confined fluids. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chialvo, A A AU - Vlcek, L AU - Cole, D R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V41A EP - 2744 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645570144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=CO+%28sub+2%29+environments+under+extreme+mineral+confinement%3B+simulation+challenges%2C+molecular-based+insights%2C+and+implications+on+macroscopic+modeling&rft.au=Chialvo%2C+A+A%3BVlcek%2C+L%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chialvo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Historical and future hydrologic response to glacier recession in the Cordillera Real, Bolivia AN - 1623280037; 2014-088770 AB - In many partially glaciated watersheds climate-forced glacier recession has altered and will continue to alter seasonal water availability, leading to profound implications for water supply systems. The tropical glaciers of the Cordillera Real, Bolivia, whose melt water significantly contributes to water supply and energy production for the densely populated La Paz area, have retreated at unprecedented rates since the 1970's. This glacier recession will continue with ongoing increasing temperatures projected for the subtropical Andes. We use a recently developed glacio-hydrological model to evaluate the contribution of glacier melt to watershed discharge, and track this contribution in time with changing glacier area. A glacier model, solving time-evolving and spatially-distributed balance equations for glacier mass and momentum, is integrated within the Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM). The glacio-hydrologic behavior of Cordillera Real watersheds is simulated during the historical period of 1987-2010. This model application is validated through comparisons with satellite derived glacier extent estimates and in-situ mass balance, surface energy flux, and stream discharge measurements. The retrospective analysis indicates that glacier melt contributed, on average, 31% (63%) of total annual (dry season-JJA) watershed discharge. Further, the modeling approach is used to predict the transitioning contribution of glacier melt and watershed hydrology through the 21st century. Multiple realizations of the 21st century meteorological data, used to force the glacier-hydrological model, are produced using a stochastic statistical downscaling technique. In this technique a weather generator (Advanced Weather Generator, AWE-GEN) is employed with statistical parameters of the future climate obtained from predictions of 11 CMIP5 general circulation models (GCMs). Future simulations indicate a 17% (23%) decrease in annual (JJA) runoff by the end of the 21st century. The results of this study demonstrate the applicability of dynamic modeling, of both glacier and watershed processes, for prediction of trends and uncertainties of the future hydrology of vulnerable high altitude areas that rely on glacier melt. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Frans, C D AU - Istanbulluoglu, E AU - Naz, B AU - Lettenmaier, D P AU - Condom, T AU - Clarke, G K AU - Burns, P J AU - Nolin, A W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract GC21E EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623280037?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Historical+and+future+hydrologic+response+to+glacier+recession+in+the+Cordillera+Real%2C+Bolivia&rft.au=Frans%2C+C+D%3BIstanbulluoglu%2C+E%3BNaz%2C+B%3BLettenmaier%2C+D+P%3BCondom%2C+T%3BClarke%2C+G+K%3BBurns%2C+P+J%3BNolin%2C+A+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Frans&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling active layer and permafrost dynamics of ice wedge polygon dominated Arctic ecosystems AN - 1618132021; 2014-084440 AB - Permafrost soils contains vast stock of frozen organic carbon. As warming climate accelerates the thaw of the permafrost, increasing amount of organic matter is exposed to respiration leading to release of carbon to the atmosphere in the form of CO2 and CH4. Permafrost thermal dynamics play a key role influencing hydrologic and biogeochemical processes in these ecosystems. Large areas of Arctic landscape are covered by the patterned ground features created by repeated freezing and thawing of soil underlain by aerially continuous permafrost. These microtopographic features in the landscape controls the local surface-subsurface hydrology and thermal regimes through differential transport of heat and water. Study of these interacting thermal-hydrologic-biogeochemical in permafrost soils are further complicated by the complex topography and heterogeneity of subsurface. We have developed and applied a coupled multiscale-multiphase-multicomponent surface-subsurface flow and reactive transport model PFLOTRAN for modeling of thermal-hydrologic-biogeochemical processes in permafrost soils. We study the permafrost thermal dynamics, role of microtopography in local scale hydrology at the Department of Energy's Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE) - Arctic field sites near Barrow, Alaska. High resolution LiDAR data is used to represent the microtopography at sub-meter resolution in PFLOTRAN. Long term simulations have been conducted at the field sites informed by the observations from field and laboratory campaigns to study and understand the hydrologic and biogeochemical processes in these Arctic ecosystems. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kumar, J AU - Bisht, G AU - Liljedahl, A AU - Mills, R T AU - Karra, S AU - Painter, S L AU - Thornton, P E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract C53A EP - 0535 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618132021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Modeling+active+layer+and+permafrost+dynamics+of+ice+wedge+polygon+dominated+Arctic+ecosystems&rft.au=Kumar%2C+J%3BBisht%2C+G%3BLiljedahl%2C+A%3BMills%2C+R+T%3BKarra%2C+S%3BPainter%2C+S+L%3BThornton%2C+P+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolic and growth characteristics of novel diverse microbes isolated from deep cores collected at the Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE)-Arctic site in Barrow, Alaska AN - 1566815243; 2014-076120 AB - The Arctic is characterized by vast amounts of carbon stored in permafrost and is an important focal point for the study of climate change as increasing temperature may accelerate microbially mediated release of Carbon stored in permafrost into the atmosphere as CO2 and CH4. Yet surprisingly, very little is known about the vulnerability of permafrost and response of microorganisms in the permafrost to their changing environment. This deficiency is largely due to the difficulty in study of largely uncultivated and unknown permafrost microbes. As part of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE) in the Arctic, we collected permafrost cores in an effort to isolate resident microbes. The cores were from the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO), located at the northern most location on the Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain near Barrow, AK, and up to 3m in depth. In this location, permafrost starts from 0.5 m in depth and is characterized by variable water content and higher pH than surface soils. Enrichments for heterotrophic bacteria were initiated at 4 degrees C and 1 degrees C in the dark in several different media types, under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Positive enrichments were identified by an increase in optical density and cell counts after incubation period ranging from two to four weeks. After serial transfers into fresh media, individual colonies were obtained on agar surface. Several strains were isolated that include Firmicutes such as Bacillus, Clostridium, Sporosarcina, and Paenibacillus species and Iron-reducing Betaproteobacteria such as Rhodoferax species. In addition, methanogenic enrichments continue to grow and produce methane gas at 2 degrees C. In this study, we present the characterization, carbon substrate utilization, pH, temperature and osmotic tolerance, as well as the effect of increasing climate change parameters on the growth rate and respiratory gas production from these permafrost isolates. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chakraborty, R AU - Pettenato, A AU - Tas, N AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Jansson, J R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B33G EP - 0561 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566815243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Metabolic+and+growth+characteristics+of+novel+diverse+microbes+isolated+from+deep+cores+collected+at+the+Next+Generation+Ecosystem+Experiment+%28NGEE%29-Arctic+site+in+Barrow%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Chakraborty%2C+R%3BPettenato%2C+A%3BTas%2C+N%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BJansson%2C+J+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chakraborty&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A multi-scale approach to representing tundra permafrost dynamics in a coupled climate system model AN - 1566814992; 2014-076097 AB - Current generation Earth system models do not resolve the microtopographic features and sub-surface structural complexity of ice-wedge polygonal tundra in the Arctic. The high carbon density of permafrost soils in many polygonal tundra systems raises concern about the potential for strong positive feedbacks under conditions of radiatively-forced climate warming. The thermal and hydrologic responses of these systems to warming are thought to depend in part on existing drainage patterns and how those patterns might change as the active layer thickens, while the balance of net carbon flux occurring as carbon dioxide versus methane depends on biological, thermal, and hydrologic state. By explicitly representing microtopographic variability and sub-surface dynamics in a fine-scale model, informed by intensive site-scale measurements and laboratory experimentation, we are able to generate semi-empirical parameterizations that capture the mean behavior of energy, water, and carbon fluxes at scales amenable to application in an Earth system model. We demonstrate an example of this multi-scale approach merging observations and modeling for polygonal tundra near Barrow, Alaska, as a component of the Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE) Arctic project. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Thornton, P E AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Painter, S L AU - Bisht, G AU - Hammond, G E AU - Mills, R T AU - Tang, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B31H EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566814992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+multi-scale+approach+to+representing+tundra+permafrost+dynamics+in+a+coupled+climate+system+model&rft.au=Thornton%2C+P+E%3BKumar%2C+Jitendra%3BPainter%2C+S+L%3BBisht%2C+G%3BHammond%2C+G+E%3BMills%2C+R+T%3BTang%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thornton&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical characterization of Arctic tundra and implications for organic matter degradation AN - 1566814864; 2014-076143 AB - Tundra soils are uniquely cold terrestrial environments that face irrevocable change under warming climate conditions. Specifically, many tundra soils store large quantities of organic carbon that may rapidly degrade with increasing temperature, releasing C into drainage systems or to the atmosphere as greenhouse gases (CH4, CO2). In order to predict rates of C release from tundra soils, it is necessary to quantify how biogeochemical factors such as pore water chemistry, terminal electron acceptor availability, and mineral adsorption regulate rates and pathways of soil organic carbon (SOC) degradation. In this study, we examine spatial and seasonal patterns of aqueous geochemistry and SOC characteristics from across an area of tundra landscape in the Arctic. We aim to identify factors that increase or decrease rates of SOC degradation, including: 1) the composition of organic substrates, 2) abundance of terminal electron acceptors, 3) vertical transport and spatial variability of both organic and inorganic compounds, and 4) adsorption to mineral surfaces. Soil and water samples were obtained from the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) in northern Alaska as part of the Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE) Arctic project. Tundra at the BEO is characterized by permafrost below approximately 60 cm and polygonal features that induce topographic gradients of water saturation. Soils are organic-rich and store large amounts of slowly decomposing plant material. Chemical and physical extractions were used to obtain operationally-defined pools of SOC to evaluate their mineral associations. Water samples collected in early and late summers were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity, and dissolved concentrations of anions, cations, organic carbon, inorganic carbon, and ferrous iron, as well as dissolved and soil gases (CH4 and CO2). We observe a steep pH gradient, with acidic pH in surface waters and near neutral pH in pore waters >20 cm below the surface. Dissolved organic carbon and Fe are dominant ionic species in both surface waters and soil pore waters. Fe(II) increases with depth in the soil, from which we infer that Fe(III) reduction may serve as a primary metabolism, driving organic respiration in oxygen-limited areas. Additionally, dissolved concentrations of Fe(II)/Fe(III), CH4, and CO2 vary with soil moisture, indicating that geochemical differences induced by water saturation may dictate microbial products of organic matter degradation. We continue to analyze chemical characteristics of dissolved and particulate organic carbon to evaluate C substrates and mobility. Freeze-dried soil extracts are being processed to determine relative ages of different C fractions in the soil and obtain information on rates of decomposition. We discuss potential implications of these findings in understanding sources, rates, and geochemical controls of C fluxes from tundra soils, which form the basis for a computational modeling framework in predicting feedbacks to warming climate. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gu, B AU - Herndon, E AU - Graham, D E AU - Phelps, T J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Liang, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B33G EP - 0565 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566814864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Geochemical+characterization+of+Arctic+tundra+and+implications+for+organic+matter+degradation&rft.au=Gu%2C+B%3BHerndon%2C+E%3BGraham%2C+D+E%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BLiang%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metagenomics reveals microbial community composition and function with depth in Arctic permafrost cores AN - 1566814861; 2014-076121 AB - The Arctic is one of the most climatically sensitive regions on Earth and current surveys show that permafrost degradation is widespread in arctic soils. Biogeochemical feedbacks of permafrost thaw are expected to be dominated by the release of currently stored carbon back into the atmosphere as CO2 and CH4. Understanding the dynamics of C release from permafrost requires assessment of microbial functions from different soil compartments. To this end, as part of the Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment in the Arctic, we collected two replicate permafrost cores (1 m and 3 m deep) from a transitional polygon near Barrow, AK. At this location, permafrost starts from 0.5 m in depth and is characterized by variable ice content and higher pH than surface soils. Prior to sectioning, the cores were CT-scanned to determine the physical heterogeneity throughout the cores. In addition to detailed geochemical characterization, we used Illumina MiSeq technology to sequence 16SrRNA genes throughout the depths of the cores at 1 cm intervals. Selected depths were also chosen for metagenome sequencing of total DNA (including phylogenetic and functional genes) using the Illumina HiSeq platform. The 16S rRNA gene sequence data revealed that the microbial community composition and diversity changed dramatically with depth. The microbial diversity decreased sharply below the first few centimeters of the permafrost and then gradually increased in deeper layers. Based on the metagenome sequence data, the permafrost microbial communities were found to contain members with a large metabolic potential for carbon processing, including pathways for fermentation and methanogenesis. The surface active layers had more representatives of Verrucomicrobia (potential methane oxidizers) whereas the deep permafrost layers were dominated by several different species of Actinobacteria. The latter are known to have a diverse metabolic capability and are able to adapt to stress by entering a dormant yet viable state. In addition, several isolates were obtained from different depths throughout the cores, including methanogens from some of the deeper layers. Together these data present a new view of potential geochemical cycles carried out by microorganisms in permafrost and reveal how community members and functions are distributed with depth. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jansson, J R AU - Tas, N AU - Wu, Y AU - Ulrich, C AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Torn, M S AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Chakraborty, R AU - Graham, D E AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B32C EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566814861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Metagenomics+reveals+microbial+community+composition+and+function+with+depth+in+Arctic+permafrost+cores&rft.au=Jansson%2C+J+R%3BTas%2C+N%3BWu%2C+Y%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BChakraborty%2C+R%3BGraham%2C+D+E%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jansson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated metagenomics and field measurements of polygon features at the NGEE-Arctic Barrow site AN - 1566814847; 2014-076142 AB - Arctic soils contain an estimated 12-42% of terrestrial carbon, most of which is sequestered in permafrost. High latitudes have experienced the greatest regional warming in recent decades and observations suggest that permafrost degradation is now commonly observed in the region. With increasing global temperatures, permafrost soils are becoming a potential source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Because of widespread permafrost thaw much of the soil organic matter may be available for rapid mineralization by microorganisms in the soil. Yet little is known about the vulnerability of permafrost and the potential response of soil microorganisms to availability of new carbon sources. On the Alaskan North Slope the collapse and rise of soil due to formation of ice wedges and permafrost thaw create distinct features called polygons. As part of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE) in the Arctic, we aimed to determine the distribution of microbial populations across a range of polygon features and to correlate the microbial data to GHG flux data. To determine the microbial community distribution and metabolic potential, we collected seasonally thawed active layer soil samples along two polygon transects (Site 0 and AB), including high-centered, transitional and low-centered polygons. Illumina HiSeq technology was used to sequence 16SrRNA genes and metagenomes from these active layer soils. The sequence data was correlated to GHG flux measurements and to environmental data from the site, including geophysical and geochemical soil characteristics. Both the microbial communities and the flux measurements varied along the polygon transect. Each polygon had a distinct microbial community structure; however, these microbial communities shared many metabolic capabilities. For example, many genes involved in degradation of chitin could be found all three polygons. Functional genes involved in methanogenesis and CH4-flux measurements were higher in low centered and wetter polygons than high centered drier polygons. On the edges of polygons the microbial community compositions and flux data were indicative of CO2 production. The metagenome sequence data suggested that nitrate was utilized as a nitrogen source, but not lost through denitrification. The long-term goal is to use information gleaned from datasets to better inform climate models. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tas, N AU - Wu, Y AU - Smith, Lydia J AU - Ulrich, C AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Torn, M S AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Jansson, J R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B33G EP - 0563 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566814847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Integrated+metagenomics+and+field+measurements+of+polygon+features+at+the+NGEE-Arctic+Barrow+site&rft.au=Tas%2C+N%3BWu%2C+Y%3BSmith%2C+Lydia+J%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BJansson%2C+J+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tas&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectral characterization of disturbance gradients in permafrost landscapes using ground-based remote sensing and satellite imagery; initial results from the central Seward Peninsula, Alaska AN - 1566814675; 2014-076089 AB - Climate warming and associated permafrost thaw accelerate soil microbial decomposition of the frozen carbon pool, creating a positive feedback to climate. Thawing of ice-rich permafrost drives thermokarst processes characterized by irregular surfaces of marshy hollows and small hummocks across the Arctic landscape. To better understand thermokarst dynamics on various scales, it is important to study local to regional variables that drive permafrost conditions and its degradation, such as hydrology, geomorphology, vegetation, and climate. Remote sensing can take an important role in upscaling of thermokarst inventories to large scales. Spectral characterization of thermokarst landforms will be crucial for image interpretation, classification, and scaling. Developing abilities to characterize the dependence of thermokarst processes on various environmental factors as well as being able to quantify these processes across scales will help us to better understand their feedback to the pan-Arctic carbon dynamics with reduced uncertainties. Multi-scale remote sensing and ecosystem models can potentially help us to develop our ability to characterize and model these processes over multiple spatial and temporal scales across the pan-Arctic. As a first step towards developing inventories of thermokarst processes and associated ecosystem variables, we conducted reconnaissance field surveys along thermokarst landform gradients on the central Seward Peninsula, AK during late June of 2013. The field data collected include ground-based spectral library, digital photographs, survey-grade land surface elevations and meso-scale topography, and detailed vegetation characterization along multiple 50m long transects covering three thaw lake basins of different ages and their surrounding transitional slopes and undisturbed uplands. Our initial results show that these different landscape units have distinct spectral signatures indicating that satellite remote sensing data could potentially identify these features across large areas. Analysis of historical aerial imageries and satellite data for the 1950-2012 period also indicated that the partially ice-rich permafrost landscape of our study region has experienced substantial change over the recent decades, as indicated by active thermal erosion gullies, new thermokarst pond formation, and recently drained lakes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Goswami, S AU - Hayes, D J AU - Grosse, G AU - Sloan, V L AU - Liebig, J A AU - Norby, R J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B12D EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566814675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Spectral+characterization+of+disturbance+gradients+in+permafrost+landscapes+using+ground-based+remote+sensing+and+satellite+imagery%3B+initial+results+from+the+central+Seward+Peninsula%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Goswami%2C+S%3BHayes%2C+D+J%3BGrosse%2C+G%3BSloan%2C+V+L%3BLiebig%2C+J+A%3BNorby%2C+R+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Goswami&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Past and future stability of deep peatland carbon stocks; assessing the nature and fate of carbon in a northern Minnesota ombrotrophic peatland AN - 1566814656; 2014-076074 AB - An ombrotrophic Picea-Sphagnum peatland located on the Marcell Experimental Forest in northern Minnesota is being prepared for experimental manipulations to evaluate carbon cycle responses to warming and elevated CO2. Pretreatment characterization of the peatland, which has a mean peat depth of nearly equal 3 meters, showed that belowground carbon (C) stocks were greater than 2200 MgC ha-1. This is easily 10X greater than the combined above- and belowground C stocks found in typical eastern deciduous forests. Carbon has accumulated under saturated, cool to cold conditions since the last glaciers receded some 10,000 years ago. Mean bulk-14C assessments show a modern C signature and decadal turnover time for peat in the raised hummock topography, as well as in the oxic acrotelm layer which extends to a depth of 30-cm below hollow microtopography. Deeper peat layers (below 30-cm depth) have C ages ranging from 1000- to 2000 years for relatively shallow layers, to between 7000 and 8000 years at 2.5 m depth. In contrast, the 14C signatures of dissolved inorganic C (DIC) and dissolved organic C (DOC), which reflect the substrates consumed by microbes, were relatively modern, even at depths of up to 2 meters. The modern 14C signatures indicate that microbial respiration at depth is fueled by surface inputs of DOC. Furthermore, the contrast in delta 14C between solid-phase peat and DOC at deeper peat depths will allow researchers to quantify the effects of warming and elevated CO2 on the fate of peat stored in this ombrotrophic peatland for millennia. It is unclear whether C accumulation in peatlands will continue under warmer conditions associated with atmospheric and climatic change. Modeled projections for net peat C turnover throughout the peat profile will be discussed in the context of the planned warming manipulations. Initial hypotheses suggest that peat accumulation may be sustained for low levels of warming, but shift to a pattern of net carbon release as both CO2 and CH4 for warmer future climates. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hanson, P J AU - Chanton, J AU - Iversen, C M AU - McFarlane, K J AU - Tfaily, M M AU - Xu, X AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B11J EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566814656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Past+and+future+stability+of+deep+peatland+carbon+stocks%3B+assessing+the+nature+and+fate+of+carbon+in+a+northern+Minnesota+ombrotrophic+peatland&rft.au=Hanson%2C+P+J%3BChanton%2C+J%3BIversen%2C+C+M%3BMcFarlane%2C+K+J%3BTfaily%2C+M+M%3BXu%2C+X%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling post-fire vegetation succession and its effect on permafrost vulnerability and carbon balance AN - 1566814459; 2014-076148 AB - Wildfires are one of the main disturbances in high latitude ecosystems and have important consequences for the large stocks of carbon stored in permafrost soils. Fire affects carbon balance directly by burning vegetation and surface organic material and indirectly by influencing post-fire vegetation composition and soil thermal and hydrological regimes. Recent developments of ecosystem models allow a better representation of the effects of fire on organic soil dynamics and the soil environment, but there is a need to better integrate post-fire vegetation succession in these models. Post-fire vegetation regeneration is sensitive to fire consumption of soil organic layer horizons, where high severity burning promotes the establishment of deciduous broadleaf trees. In comparison to conifers, deciduous forests are less flammable, more productive, have higher nutrient turnover, and deeper permafrost. However, deciduous forests generally store less soil carbon than conifer forests. Therefore, the fire-induced shifts in vegetation composition have consequences for ecosystem carbon balance. In this study, we present the development of an ecosystem model that integrates post-fire succession with changes in the structure and function of organic soil horizons to better represent the relationship between fire severity and vegetation succession across the landscape. The model is then used to assess changes in the carbon balance at a 1 km resolution, in response to changing fire regime across the landscape in Interior Alaska. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Genet, H AU - McGuire, A D AU - Johnstone, Jill F AU - Breen, A L AU - Euskirchen, E S AU - Mack, M C AU - Melvin, April M AU - Rupp, T S AU - Schuur, E A AU - Yuan, F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B33I EP - 0585 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566814459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Modeling+post-fire+vegetation+succession+and+its+effect+on+permafrost+vulnerability+and+carbon+balance&rft.au=Genet%2C+H%3BMcGuire%2C+A+D%3BJohnstone%2C+Jill+F%3BBreen%2C+A+L%3BEuskirchen%2C+E+S%3BMack%2C+M+C%3BMelvin%2C+April+M%3BRupp%2C+T+S%3BSchuur%2C+E+A%3BYuan%2C+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Genet&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate forcing across multiple scales and landscape types within the Arctic tundra ecosystem AN - 1566812131; 2014-076062 AB - Pan-Arctic spatial heterogeneity is a major challenge to predicting the impact that present and future Arctic landscape features will have on the global climate system. Drained thaw lake basins (DTLBs) at different stages of landscape evolution have different micro-topographical features that likely influence climate forcing from these landscape types. Through the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE Arctic) project we seek to improve the representativeness of ecosystem processes within Earth system models by quantifying, through field observations, the climate forcing from ecosystem greenhouse gas and energy fluxes within Arctic DTLBs at different stages of landscape evolution. We are measuring soil greenhouse gas fluxes, near-surface spectral radiation components, plant community composition, and environmental driver variables across a approximately 3 Km transect that spans three DTLBs of different climate-change relevant ages (from 50 years to more than 3000 years old). Preliminary results show that different environmental conditions (soil moisture, soil temperature, and thaw depth) and plant community composition, driven by micro-topographical features, within a given DTLB have a significant influence on soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes and energy fluxes. Scaling analysis show the influence that the spatial distribution of these micro-topographical features and environmental conditions has on the estimation of climate forcing from any given Arctic DTLB. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Curtis, J B AU - Torn, M S AU - Raz-Yaseef, N AU - Sloan, Victoria L AU - Liebig, J A AU - Hahn, Melanie Sarah AU - Wilson, C J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Norby, R J AU - Altmann, G L AU - Siegrist, J AU - Chafe, O AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B11G EP - 0447 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566812131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Climate+forcing+across+multiple+scales+and+landscape+types+within+the+Arctic+tundra+ecosystem&rft.au=Curtis%2C+J+B%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BRaz-Yaseef%2C+N%3BSloan%2C+Victoria+L%3BLiebig%2C+J+A%3BHahn%2C+Melanie+Sarah%3BWilson%2C+C+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BNorby%2C+R+J%3BAltmann%2C+G+L%3BSiegrist%2C+J%3BChafe%2C+O%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Curtis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogeochemical controls on microbial CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) production in interstitial area polygon soils from the Barrow Environmental Observatory AN - 1566811891; 2014-076071 AB - Organic matter buried in Arctic soils and permafrost will become accessible to increased microbial degradation as the ground warms due to climate change. The rates of organic matter degradation and the proportion of CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) greenhouse gasses released in a potential warming feedback cycle depend on the microbial response to warming, organic carbon structure and availability, the pore-water pH, and available electron acceptors. To adapt and improve the representation of these Arctic subsurface processes in land models for the NGEE Arctic project, we examined soil organic matter transformations from elevated and subsided areas of low- and high-centered polygons from interstitial tundra on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (Barrow, AK). Significant amounts of iron(II) in organic and mineral soils of the active layer and groundwater indicate anoxic conditions in most soil horizons. Unamended, anoxic incubations of soils at -2, +4 or +8 degrees C produced both CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) , with different response curves. CO (sub 2) formed rapidly while CH (sub 4) production lagged. Rates of formation for both CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) were substantially higher in microcosms containing active layer O horizon (38-43% total carbon) compared to B horizon (17-18% carbon) samples. The ratio of CO (sub 2) to CH (sub 4) produced decreased with increasing temperature. A constant Q10 relationship is not adequate to explain temperature effects from -2 to +8 degrees C. Measurements of ionic species dissolved in soil porewater from frozen cores, humic-rich surface water, or groundwater indicated low levels of nitrate and sulfate, constraining the role of these alternative electron acceptors in anaerobic respiration. The surface water pH (4.4) was significantly lower than groundwater (5.8 to 6.3). Organic acid degradation and Fe(III) reduction increased the pH in soil water during some incubations. Substantial differences in other ionic species confirm that surface and groundwater do not mix rapidly in the field. Biomass extracted from frozen mineral soil samples or thawed microcosms was analyzed for relative protein abundance using metaproteomics, and numerous peptide spectra were matched to an Arctic genomic and metagenomic database. Signature proteins from acetoclastic methanogens were identified in frozen permafrost and active-layer samples. After microcosm incubations, however, methanogenic proteins were found only in active-layer samples, consistent with headspace gas analyses. Therefore, soil thawing and warming caused increases in microbial biomass and significant changes in microbial composition that determine the composition of greenhouse gas product mixtures. Differential microbial growth and migration through the thawing soil column may be key to changes in microbial population size and activity during prolonged thaw seasons. Methanogenesis and microbial growth account for most electron transfer from soil organic matter in O horizon samples, but iron reduction and microbial growth account for most electron transfer in the B horizon. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Graham, D E AU - Roy Chowdhury, T AU - Herndon, E AU - Chourey, K AU - Ladd, M AU - Tas, N AU - Jansson, J R AU - Elias, D A AU - Hettich, R L AU - Phelps, T J AU - Gu, B AU - Liang, L AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B11J EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566811891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Biogeochemical+controls+on+microbial+CO+%28sub+2%29+and+CH+%28sub+4%29+production+in+interstitial+area+polygon+soils+from+the+Barrow+Environmental+Observatory&rft.au=Graham%2C+D+E%3BRoy+Chowdhury%2C+T%3BHerndon%2C+E%3BChourey%2C+K%3BLadd%2C+M%3BTas%2C+N%3BJansson%2C+J+R%3BElias%2C+D+A%3BHettich%2C+R+L%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BGu%2C+B%3BLiang%2C+L%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Big data visual analytics for exploratory earth system simulation analysis AN - 1510396873; 2014-021266 AB - Rapid increases in high performance computing are feeding the development of larger and more complex data sets in climate research, which sets the stage for so-called "big data" analysis challenges. However, conventional climate analysis techniques are inadequate in dealing with the complexities of today's data. In this paper, we describe and demonstrate a visual analytics system, called the Exploratory Data analysis ENvironment (EDEN), with specific application to the analysis of complex earth system simulation data sets. EDEN represents the type of interactive visual analysis tools that are necessary to transform data into insight, thereby improving critical comprehension of earth system processes. In addition to providing an overview of EDEN, we describe real-world studies using both point ensembles and global Community Land Model Version 4 (CLM4) simulations. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Steed, Chad A AU - Ricciuto, Daniel M AU - Shipman, Galen AU - Smith, Brian AU - Thornton, Peter E AU - Wang, Dali AU - Shi, Xiaoying AU - Williams, Dean N Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - 71 EP - 82 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 61 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - data acquisition KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - EDEN system KW - simulation KW - climate change KW - models KW - visualization KW - multivariate analysis KW - sensitivity analysis KW - mathematical methods KW - climate KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1510396873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Big+data+visual+analytics+for+exploratory+earth+system+simulation+analysis&rft.au=Steed%2C+Chad+A%3BRicciuto%2C+Daniel+M%3BShipman%2C+Galen%3BSmith%2C+Brian%3BThornton%2C+Peter+E%3BWang%2C+Dali%3BShi%2C+Xiaoying%3BWilliams%2C+Dean+N&rft.aulast=Steed&rft.aufirst=Chad&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2013.07.025 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-27 N1 - CODEN - GGEOD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate; climate change; data acquisition; data processing; EDEN system; mathematical methods; models; multivariate analysis; sensitivity analysis; simulation; statistical analysis; visualization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.07.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigating the link between radiologists' gaze, diagnostic decision, and image content AN - 1551630783; 20322418 AB - ObjectiveTo investigate machine learning for linking image content, human perception, cognition, and error in the diagnostic interpretation of mammograms.MethodsGaze data and diagnostic decisions were collected from three breast imaging radiologists and three radiology residents who reviewed 20 screening mammograms while wearing a head-mounted eye-tracker. Image analysis was performed in mammographic regions that attracted radiologists' attention and in all abnormal regions. Machine learning algorithms were investigated to develop predictive models that link: (i) image content with gaze, (ii) image content and gaze with cognition, and (iii) image content, gaze, and cognition with diagnostic error. Both group-based and individualized models were explored.ResultsBy pooling the data from all readers, machine learning produced highly accurate predictive models linking image content, gaze, and cognition. Potential linking of those with diagnostic error was also supported to some extent. Merging readers' gaze metrics and cognitive opinions with computer-extracted image features identified 59% of the readers' diagnostic errors while confirming 97.3% of their correct diagnoses. The readers' individual perceptual and cognitive behaviors could be adequately predicted by modeling the behavior of others. However, personalized tuning was in many cases beneficial for capturing more accurately individual behavior.ConclusionsThere is clearly an interaction between radiologists' gaze, diagnostic decision, and image content which can be modeled with machine learning algorithms. JF - Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association AU - Tourassi, Georgia AU - Voisin, Sophie AU - Paquit, Vincent AU - Krupinski, Elizabeth AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Biomedical Science and Engineering Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Y1 - 2013/11/20/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 20 SP - 1067 EP - 1075 PB - American Medical Informatics Association, 4915 St. Elmo Ave. Bethesda MD 20814 United States VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 1067-5027, 1067-5027 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Mammography KW - Cognitive ability KW - Perception KW - Informatics KW - Reviews KW - Image processing KW - Learning algorithms KW - Radiology KW - imaging KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1551630783?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Medical+Informatics+Association&rft.atitle=Investigating+the+link+between+radiologists%27+gaze%2C+diagnostic+decision%2C+and+image+content&rft.au=Tourassi%2C+Georgia%3BVoisin%2C+Sophie%3BPaquit%2C+Vincent%3BKrupinski%2C+Elizabeth&rft.aulast=Tourassi&rft.aufirst=Georgia&rft.date=2013-11-20&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1067&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Medical+Informatics+Association&rft.issn=10675027&rft_id=info:doi/10.1136%2Famiajnl-2012-001503 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mammography; Data processing; Informatics; Perception; Cognitive ability; Reviews; Image processing; Learning algorithms; Radiology; imaging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/amiajnl-2012-001503 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-scale characterization of pore evolution in a combustion metamorphic complex, Hatrurim Basin, Israel; combining (ultra) small angle neutron scattering and image analysis AN - 1464890263; 2013-091193 AB - Backscattered scanning electron micrograph and ultra small- and small-angle neutron scattering data have been combined to provide statistically meaningful data on the pore/grain structure and pore evolution of combustion metamorphic complexes from the Hatrurim basin, Israel. Three processes, anti-sintering roughening, alteration of protolith (dehydration, decarbonation, and oxidation) and crystallization of high-temperature minerals, occurred simultaneously, leading to significant changes in observed pore/grain structures. Pore structures in the protoliths, and in low- and high-grade metamorphic rocks show surface (D (sub s) ) and mass (D (sub m) ) pore fractal geometries with gradual increases in both D (sub s) and D (sub m) values as a function of metamorphic grade. This suggests that increases in pore volume and formation of less branching pore networks are accompanied by a roughening of pore/grain interfaces. Additionally, pore evolution during combustion metamorphism is also characterized by reduced contributions from small-scale pores to the cumulative porosity in the high-grade rocks. At high temperatures, small-scale pores may be preferentially closed by the formation of high-temperature minerals, producing a rougher morphology with increasing temperature. Alternatively, large-scale pores may develop at the expense of small-scale pores. These observations (pore fractal geometry and cumulative porosity) indicate that the evolution of pore/grain structures is correlated with the growth of high-temperature phases and is a consequence of the energy balance between pore/grain surface energy and energy arising from heterogeneous phase contacts. The apparent pore volume density further suggests that the localized time/temperature development of the high-grade Hatrurim rocks is not simply an extension of that of the low-grade rocks. The former likely represents the "hot spots (burning foci)" in the overall metamorphic terrain while the latter may represent contact aureoles. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Wang, Hsiu-Wen AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Burg, Avihu AU - Cole, David R AU - Allard, Lawrence F AU - Jackson, Andrew J AU - Stack, Andrew G AU - Rother, Gernot Y1 - 2013/11/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 15 SP - 339 EP - 362 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 121 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - lithostratigraphy KW - alteration KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - Cretaceous KW - characterization KW - Israel KW - combustion KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - high-grade metamorphism KW - temperature KW - contact metamorphism KW - mineral composition KW - metamorphic rocks KW - metasedimentary rocks KW - depositional environment KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - Middle East KW - P-T conditions KW - Mishash Formation KW - protoliths KW - decarbonation KW - Arad Israel KW - textures KW - oxidation KW - sedimentation KW - metamorphism KW - Hatrurim Basin KW - TEM data KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - Ghareb Formation KW - models KW - paleoenvironment KW - mathematical methods KW - Dead Sea KW - aureoles KW - crystallization KW - Taqiye Formation KW - low-grade metamorphism KW - dehydration KW - SEM data KW - high temperature KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464890263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Multi-scale+characterization+of+pore+evolution+in+a+combustion+metamorphic+complex%2C+Hatrurim+Basin%2C+Israel%3B+combining+%28ultra%29+small+angle+neutron+scattering+and+image+analysis&rft.au=Wang%2C+Hsiu-Wen%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BBurg%2C+Avihu%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BAllard%2C+Lawrence+F%3BJackson%2C+Andrew+J%3BStack%2C+Andrew+G%3BRother%2C+Gernot&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Hsiu-Wen&rft.date=2013-11-15&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.07.034 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; Arad Israel; Asia; aureoles; characterization; combustion; contact metamorphism; Cretaceous; crystallization; Dead Sea; decarbonation; dehydration; depositional environment; geochemistry; Ghareb Formation; Hatrurim Basin; high temperature; high-grade metamorphism; Israel; lithostratigraphy; low-grade metamorphism; mathematical methods; Mesozoic; metamorphic rocks; metamorphism; metasedimentary rocks; Middle East; mineral composition; Mishash Formation; models; oxidation; P-T conditions; paleoenvironment; porosity; protoliths; sedimentation; SEM data; Taqiye Formation; TEM data; temperature; textures; Upper Cretaceous; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.07.034 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A New Method for Calculating Generalized Response Sensitivities in Continuous-Energy Monte Carlo Applications in SCALE AN - 1671602580; 20460138 AB - The sensitivity and uncertainty analysis tools of the SCALE nuclear modeling and simulation code system that have been developed over the last decade have proven indispensible for numerous application and design studies for nuclear criticality safety and reactor physics [1]. SCALE contains tools for analyzing the uncertainty in the eigenvalue of critical systems, but until this work it could not use high-fidelity three-dimensional (3D) Monte Carlo methods to quantify uncertainty in important neutronics parameters such as fuel fission rates, isotope production/destruction rates, material activation rates, and neutron fluence rates. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Perfetti, Christopher M AU - Rearden, Bradley T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS 6170, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 perfetticm@oml.gov Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 739 EP - 742 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Uncertainty KW - Three dimensional KW - Mathematical models KW - Eigenvalues KW - Computer simulation KW - Monte Carlo methods KW - Reactor physics KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671602580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=A+New+Method+for+Calculating+Generalized+Response+Sensitivities+in+Continuous-Energy+Monte+Carlo+Applications+in+SCALE&rft.au=Perfetti%2C+Christopher+M%3BRearden%2C+Bradley+T&rft.aulast=Perfetti&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=739&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concrete Aging and Degradation in NPPs: LWRS Program R&D Progress Report AN - 1671599223; 20460047 AB - Since 2000, numerous nuclear power plants (NPPs), which were originally licensed and designed to operate up to 40 years, have undergone a license renewal process to extend their lifetime up to 60 years. However, extensions to 80 years and beyond are being considered to meet the future national energy demands. The license extension process has established a renewed focus on the long-term degradation processes in NPP materials. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Remec, Igor AU - Field, Kevin G AU - Naus, Dan J AU - Rosseel, Thomas M AU - Busby, Jeremy T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6170 remeci@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 403 EP - 406 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Ceramic Abstracts/World Ceramics Abstracts (WC); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Energy (nuclear) KW - Demand KW - Degradation KW - Licenses KW - Light water reactors KW - Concretes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671599223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Concrete+Aging+and+Degradation+in+NPPs%3A+LWRS+Program+R%26amp%3BD+Progress+Report&rft.au=Remec%2C+Igor%3BField%2C+Kevin+G%3BNaus%2C+Dan+J%3BRosseel%2C+Thomas+M%3BBusby%2C+Jeremy+T&rft.aulast=Remec&rft.aufirst=Igor&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - VERA Benchmark Calculations Using the SCALE-Polaris Lattice Physics Code AN - 1671572590; 20460317 AB - Polaris is a new in-development computational module within the SCALE code system [1] that provides 2-D lattice physics analysis capability for light water reactor (LWR) fuel designs. In this work, Polaris has been applied to a series of pin and lattice numerical benchmarks developed by and for the U.S. Department of Energy CASL Innovation Hub (Consortium of Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors). An overview of the Polaris methodology is provided, along with the results and analysis of the benchmark calculations. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Jessee, Matthew A AU - Wieselquist, William A AU - Williams, Mark L AU - Kim, Kang Seog AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA jesseema@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 1413 EP - 1415 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Consortia KW - Computer simulation KW - Design engineering KW - Series (mathematics) KW - Light water reactors KW - Benchmarking KW - Lattices KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671572590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=VERA+Benchmark+Calculations+Using+the+SCALE-Polaris+Lattice+Physics+Code&rft.au=Jessee%2C+Matthew+A%3BWieselquist%2C+William+A%3BWilliams%2C+Mark+L%3BKim%2C+Kang+Seog&rft.aulast=Jessee&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Steady State COMSOL Thermal-Hydraulics Models for ORNL's High Flux Isotope Reactor AN - 1567094514; 20460386 AB - The High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) is a beryllium-reflected, light water cooled, highly enriched uranium (HEU)-fueled research reactor operating at 85 MW power at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. HFIR is the highest flux reactor-based source of neutrons for research in the United States. The HFIR core has two fuel elements, the inner fuel element (IFE) and the outer fuel element (OFE), consisting of 171 and 369 involute fuel plates, respectively, for a total of 540 fuel plates. These involute-shaped fuel plates are uniformly spaced so as to provide equal coolant flow area for each plate within each element [1]. To remove the core heat, a highly turbulent water flow passes through involute-shaped coolant channels from the top to the bottom of the core. A total of 13,000 gal of water passes through the HFIR core every minute. Several physical phenomena - including turbulent flow, conjugate heat transfer, thermal-structure interaction, and fluid-structure interaction - are of significant interest when analyzing the thermal safety of the HFIR core. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Khane, Vaibhav AU - Jain, Prashant K AD - 143 Schrenk Hall, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409-1230 Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 1649 EP - 1651 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Turbulent flow KW - Plates KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuel elements KW - High flux isotope reactors KW - Coolants KW - Fuel elements KW - Fluid flow UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567094514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Steady+State+COMSOL+Thermal-Hydraulics+Models+for+ORNL%27s+High+Flux+Isotope+Reactor&rft.au=Khane%2C+Vaibhav%3BJain%2C+Prashant+K&rft.aulast=Khane&rft.aufirst=Vaibhav&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1649&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactor Physics Analysis of HWR Fuel Cycle Options AN - 1567089573; 20460332 AB - The Office of Fuel Cycle Technologies (FCT) of the United States Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE) is performing an evaluation and screening of potential fuel cycle options to help prioritize future research and development decisions. [1] The purpose of the study documented in this paper was to analyze Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (HWR) fuel cycle options at equilibrium in support of the DOENE/FCT efforts. The enhanced CANDU 6 (EC6) [2] reactor was chosen to represent this class of reactors. Three single-stage fuel cycle options and one two-stage HWR-PWR synergistic option were analyzed. The four HWR options were 1) HWR once-through operation with natural uranium (NU) oxide fuel "HWR-O(NU)"; 2) HWR with continuous recycle of Pu and recovered uranium (RU), where the RU is mixed with an equal mass of fresh NU oxide "HWR-R(Pu,RU)"; 3) HWR recycle of recovered transuranics (TRU) mixed with an equal mixture of RU and NU oxide "HWR-R(TRU,RU)"; and 4) HWRs feeding recovered Pu and RU into a secondstage pressurized water reactor (PWR) "HWRPWR(Pu,RU)". JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Ellis, R J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6172 ellisrj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 1472 EP - 1475 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Plutonium KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Fuel cycles KW - Offices KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Oxides KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567089573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Reactor+Physics+Analysis+of+HWR+Fuel+Cycle+Options&rft.au=Ellis%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Ellis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1472&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactor Physics Analysis of Thorium Fuel Cycles Using Molten Salt Reactors AN - 1567087570; 20460328 AB - The Office of Fuel Cycle Technologies (FCT) of the United States Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE) is performing an evaluation and screening of potential fuel cycle options to help prioritize future research and development decisions [1]. Thorium-fueled Molten Salt Reactors (MSRs) were analyzed in support of these efforts with three levels of recycling investigated: full, limited, and once-through operation. In "full recycling", all primary fuel materials undergo continuous recycling and active separations processes are permitted for other materials. "Limited recycling" options require that some of the fuel (including the primary fissile material) be discarded before any separations work, but active separations processes may be performed on the fuel being recycled. "Once-through" operation discards all fuel directly after use, without any active separations work. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Powers, J J AU - Worrall, A AU - Gehin, J C AU - Harrison, T J AU - Sunny, E E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6172 powersjj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 1457 EP - 1460 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Separation KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Fuels KW - Fuel cycles KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Recycling KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567087570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Reactor+Physics+Analysis+of+Thorium+Fuel+Cycles+Using+Molten+Salt+Reactors&rft.au=Powers%2C+J+J%3BWorrall%2C+A%3BGehin%2C+J+C%3BHarrison%2C+T+J%3BSunny%2C+E+E&rft.aulast=Powers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1457&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of Spatial Data Modeling and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) for Identification of Potential Siting Options for Small Modular Reactors AN - 1567061045; 20460554 AB - The US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Nuclear Energy (NE) tasked the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to support identification of candidate sites for new small modular reactor (SMR) power plants under its advanced SMR research and development program using a geographic information system (GIS)based tool that ORNL has developed [Ref. 1]. The tool, Oak Ridge Siting Analysis for power Generation Expansion (OR-SAGE), is a flexible system being used to evaluate power plant siting options and considerations for a variety of power sources. The objective in developing OR-SAGE was to merge industry-accepted approaches for screening sites with the array of GIS data sources at ORNL to identify candidate areas for a particular application. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Mays, G T AU - Belles, R J AU - Omitaomu, O A AU - Poore, W P, III AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road/P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6165 maysgt@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 2241 EP - 2244 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); Computer and Information Systems Abstracts (CI); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Modular KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Satellite navigation systems KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Geographic information systems KW - Tools KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567061045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Application+of+Spatial+Data+Modeling+and+Geographical+Information+Systems+%28GIS%29+for+Identification+of+Potential+Siting+Options+for+Small+Modular+Reactors&rft.au=Mays%2C+G+T%3BBelles%2C+R+J%3BOmitaomu%2C+O+A%3BPoore%2C+W+P%2C+III&rft.aulast=Mays&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Lattice Boltzmann Method Based Thermal-Hydraulics Simulation Tool for Analyses of Nuclear Reactor Transients - PRATHAM AN - 1567059520; 20460382 AB - In the recent years, ORNL has become one of the nation's leading high performance computing hubs by providing home to one of the largest computer clusters in the world - TITAN (~300,000 cores). The availability of practically unlimited computing power posed the questions of developing highly scalable computing algorithms, and improving their maturity so they can be applied to solve practical problems. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Popov, Emilian L AU - Jain, Prashant K AU - Joshi, Abhijit S AD - Reactor and Nuclear Systems Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA popove@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 1633 EP - 1635 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Hubs KW - Computation KW - Computer simulation KW - Clusters KW - Availability KW - Algorithms KW - Lattices KW - Tools UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567059520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=A+Lattice+Boltzmann+Method+Based+Thermal-Hydraulics+Simulation+Tool+for+Analyses+of+Nuclear+Reactor+Transients+-+PRATHAM&rft.au=Popov%2C+Emilian+L%3BJain%2C+Prashant+K%3BJoshi%2C+Abhijit+S&rft.aulast=Popov&rft.aufirst=Emilian&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1633&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volume labeling with Alexa Fluor dyes and surface functionalization of highly sensitive fluorescent silica (SiO2) nanoparticles. AN - 1443413870; 24056530 AB - A new synthesis approach is described that allows the direct incorporation of fluorescent labels into the volume or body of SiO2 nanoparticles. In this process, fluorescent Alexa Fluor dyes with different emission wavelengths were covalently incorporated into the SiO2 nanoparticles during their formation by the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane. The dye molecules were homogeneously distributed throughout the SiO2 nanoparticles. The quantum yields of the Alexa Fluor volume-labeled SiO2 nanoparticles were much higher than nanoparticles labeled using conventional organic dyes. The size of the resulting nanoparticles was controlled using microemulsion reaction media with sizes in the range of 20-100 nm and a polydispersity of <15%. In comparison with conventional surface tagged particles created by post-synthesis modification, this process maintains the physical and surface chemical properties that have the most pronounced effect on colloidal stability and interactions with their surroundings. These volume-labeled nanoparticles have proven to be extremely robust, showing excellent signal strength, negligible photobleaching, and minimal loss of functional organic components. The native or "free" surface of the volume-labeled particles can be altered to achieve a specific surface functionality without altering fluorescence. Their utility was demonstrated for visualizing the association of surface-modified fluorescent particles with cultured macrophages. Differences in particle agglomeration and cell association were clearly associated with differences in observed nanoparticle toxicity. The capacity to maintain particle fluorescence while making significant changes to surface chemistry makes these particles extremely versatile and useful for studies of particle agglomeration, uptake, and transport in environmental and biological systems. JF - Nanoscale AU - Wang, Wei AU - Nallathamby, Prakash D AU - Foster, Carmen M AU - Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer L AU - Mortensen, Ninell P AU - Doktycz, Mitchel J AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Retterer, Scott T AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. wangw@ornl.gov. Y1 - 2013/11/07/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 07 SP - 10369 EP - 10375 VL - 5 IS - 21 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1443413870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanoscale&rft.atitle=Volume+labeling+with+Alexa+Fluor+dyes+and+surface+functionalization+of+highly+sensitive+fluorescent+silica+%28SiO2%29+nanoparticles.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Wei%3BNallathamby%2C+Prakash+D%3BFoster%2C+Carmen+M%3BMorrell-Falvey%2C+Jennifer+L%3BMortensen%2C+Ninell+P%3BDoktycz%2C+Mitchel+J%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BRetterer%2C+Scott+T&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Wei&rft.date=2013-11-07&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=10369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanoscale&rft.issn=2040-3372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3nr02639f LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-05-14 N1 - Date created - 2013-10-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3nr02639f ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Engineering Analysis of Electrofuels Production Processes T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490525938; 6249842 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Borole, Abhijeet Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Chemical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490525938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Engineering+Analysis+of+Electrofuels+Production+Processes&rft.au=Borole%2C+Abhijeet&rft.aulast=Borole&rft.aufirst=Abhijeet&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Hot Water Flowthrough Pretreatment of Cellulosic Biomass T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490520704; 6253638 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Archambault-Leger, Veronique AU - Shao, Xiongjun AU - Lynd, Lee Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Biomass UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490520704?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Hot+Water+Flowthrough+Pretreatment+of+Cellulosic+Biomass&rft.au=Archambault-Leger%2C+Veronique%3BShao%2C+Xiongjun%3BLynd%2C+Lee&rft.aulast=Archambault-Leger&rft.aufirst=Veronique&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Thermal Annealing of P3HT:PCBM Bulk Heterojunctions for Organic Photovoltaic Applications T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490520477; 6253503 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Carrillo, Jan AU - Kumar, Rajeev AU - Goswami, Monojoy AU - Sumpter, Bobby AU - Brown, W Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Simulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490520477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Coarse-Grained+Molecular+Dynamics+Simulations+of+Thermal+Annealing+of+P3HT%3APCBM+Bulk+Heterojunctions+for+Organic+Photovoltaic+Applications&rft.au=Carrillo%2C+Jan%3BKumar%2C+Rajeev%3BGoswami%2C+Monojoy%3BSumpter%2C+Bobby%3BBrown%2C+W&rft.aulast=Carrillo&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Producing Hydrogen and Electricity From Wastewater in Biorefinery T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490518738; 6252323 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Borole, Abhijeet AU - Hamilton, Choo AU - Schell, Daniel Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Hydrogen UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490518738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Producing+Hydrogen+and+Electricity+From+Wastewater+in+Biorefinery&rft.au=Borole%2C+Abhijeet%3BHamilton%2C+Choo%3BSchell%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Borole&rft.aufirst=Abhijeet&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Structural Understanding of Key Physical Processes in the Pretreatment and Enzyme Hydrolysis of Biomass T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490518683; 6249663 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Davison, Brian Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Biomass UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490518683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Structural+Understanding+of+Key+Physical+Processes+in+the+Pretreatment+and+Enzyme+Hydrolysis+of+Biomass&rft.au=Davison%2C+Brian&rft.aulast=Davison&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Reconfigurable Assemblies With Shape Shifting Particles T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490514147; 6252534 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Nguyen, Trung AU - Glotzer, Sharon Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Particulates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490514147?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Reconfigurable+Assemblies+With+Shape+Shifting+Particles&rft.au=Nguyen%2C+Trung%3BGlotzer%2C+Sharon&rft.aulast=Nguyen&rft.aufirst=Trung&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Advancing Molecular Dynamics Models for Future Computers: A Case Study of Truncated Electrostatics T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490513719; 6252439 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Nguyen, Trung AU - Carillo, Jan-Michael AU - Dobrynin, Andrey AU - Brown, W Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Case studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490513719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Advancing+Molecular+Dynamics+Models+for+Future+Computers%3A+A+Case+Study+of+Truncated+Electrostatics&rft.au=Nguyen%2C+Trung%3BCarillo%2C+Jan-Michael%3BDobrynin%2C+Andrey%3BBrown%2C+W&rft.aulast=Nguyen&rft.aufirst=Trung&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effect of Low Lignin Content in Transgenic Populus Trichocarpa On Sugar Release T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490509628; 6250456 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Bhagia, Samarthya AU - Bali, Garima AU - Pu, Yunqiao AU - Meng, Xianzhi AU - Kumar, Rajeev AU - Ragauskas, Arthur AU - Wyman, Charles Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Sugar KW - Populus trichocarpa UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490509628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Low+Lignin+Content+in+Transgenic+Populus+Trichocarpa+On+Sugar+Release&rft.au=Bhagia%2C+Samarthya%3BBali%2C+Garima%3BPu%2C+Yunqiao%3BMeng%2C+Xianzhi%3BKumar%2C+Rajeev%3BRagauskas%2C+Arthur%3BWyman%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Bhagia&rft.aufirst=Samarthya&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Surface Corrugation Effects On the Behavior of Water Under Extreme Graphene Confinement T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490509547; 6250976 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Chialvo, Ariel AU - Vlcek, Lukas AU - Cummings, Peter Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Chemical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490509547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Surface+Corrugation+Effects+On+the+Behavior+of+Water+Under+Extreme+Graphene+Confinement&rft.au=Chialvo%2C+Ariel%3BVlcek%2C+Lukas%3BCummings%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Chialvo&rft.aufirst=Ariel&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Understanding Li Transport At Interfaces to Enable Tough Solid Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490509377; 6250675 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Tenhaeff, Wyatt AU - Dudney, Nancy AU - Kalnaus, Sergiy Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Lithium UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490509377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Understanding+Li+Transport+At+Interfaces+to+Enable+Tough+Solid+Electrolytes+for+Lithium+Metal+Batteries&rft.au=Tenhaeff%2C+Wyatt%3BDudney%2C+Nancy%3BKalnaus%2C+Sergiy&rft.aulast=Tenhaeff&rft.aufirst=Wyatt&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Large-Scale Molecular Dynamics Study of Dewetting of Thin Liquid Films On Solid Substrates T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490509053; 6250973 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Nguyen, Trung AU - Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel AU - Fowlkes, Jason AU - Diez, Javier AU - Gonzalez, Alejandro AU - Kondic, Lou AU - Rack, Philip Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Molecular dynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490509053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Large-Scale+Molecular+Dynamics+Study+of+Dewetting+of+Thin+Liquid+Films+On+Solid+Substrates&rft.au=Nguyen%2C+Trung%3BFuentes-Cabrera%2C+Miguel%3BFowlkes%2C+Jason%3BDiez%2C+Javier%3BGonzalez%2C+Alejandro%3BKondic%2C+Lou%3BRack%2C+Philip&rft.aulast=Nguyen&rft.aufirst=Trung&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Biomass Digestion By a Clostridium Thermocellum Model Consolidated Bioprocess Compared to Free Enzyme Systems T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490509029; 6250089 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Lutzke, Vanessa AU - Almario, Anna AU - Kumar, Rajeev AU - Wyman, Charles Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Biomass KW - Clostridium thermocellum UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490509029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Biomass+Digestion+By+a+Clostridium+Thermocellum+Model+Consolidated+Bioprocess+Compared+to+Free+Enzyme+Systems&rft.au=Lutzke%2C+Vanessa%3BAlmario%2C+Anna%3BKumar%2C+Rajeev%3BWyman%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Lutzke&rft.aufirst=Vanessa&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Strategies to Generate Biofuels From Cellulosic Biomass By Overcoming Biomass Recalcitrance At the Bioenergy Science Center T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490509027; 6250413 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Davison, Brian Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Biomass UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490509027?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Strategies+to+Generate+Biofuels+From+Cellulosic+Biomass+By+Overcoming+Biomass+Recalcitrance+At+the+Bioenergy+Science+Center&rft.au=Davison%2C+Brian&rft.aulast=Davison&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Nonlinear Elasticity: From Single Chain to Networks and Gels T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490508874; 6250291 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Carrillo, Jan AU - MacKintosh, Frederick AU - Dobrynin, Andrey Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Gels UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490508874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Nonlinear+Elasticity%3A+From+Single+Chain+to+Networks+and+Gels&rft.au=Carrillo%2C+Jan%3BMacKintosh%2C+Frederick%3BDobrynin%2C+Andrey&rft.aulast=Carrillo&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Soft-Templated Mesoporous Carbon From Natural and Renewable Precursor T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490506576; 6251148 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Saha, Dipendu AU - Naskar, Amit Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Carbon UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490506576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Soft-Templated+Mesoporous+Carbon+From+Natural+and+Renewable+Precursor&rft.au=Saha%2C+Dipendu%3BNaskar%2C+Amit&rft.aulast=Saha&rft.aufirst=Dipendu&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Adsorption of Uranium From Seawater T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490504452; 6251154 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Kim, Jungseung AU - Tsouris, Costas AU - Oyola, Yatsandra AU - Mayes, Richard AU - Janke, Christopher AU - Dai, Sheng Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Adsorption UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490504452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Adsorption+of+Uranium+From+Seawater&rft.au=Kim%2C+Jungseung%3BTsouris%2C+Costas%3BOyola%2C+Yatsandra%3BMayes%2C+Richard%3BJanke%2C+Christopher%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Jungseung&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Encapsulated Quantum Dots in Sol-Gel and Polymer Matrices As Optical Filtering and Wavelength-Shifting Materials T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490503273; 6251032 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Hu, Michael AU - Bell, Zane Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Polymers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490503273?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Encapsulated+Quantum+Dots+in+Sol-Gel+and+Polymer+Matrices+As+Optical+Filtering+and+Wavelength-Shifting+Materials&rft.au=Hu%2C+Michael%3BBell%2C+Zane&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scalable economic extracellular synthesis of CdS nanostructured particles by a non-pathogenic thermophile AN - 1458539984; 18733157 AB - We report microbially facilitated synthesis of cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanostructured particles (NP) using anaerobic, metal-reducing Thermoanaerobacter sp. The extracellular CdS crystallites were <10 nm in size with yields of ~3 g/L of growth medium/month with demonstrated reproducibility and scalability up to 24 L. During synthesis, Thermoanaerobacter cultures reduced thiosulfate and sulfite salts to H sub(2)S, which reacted with Cd super(2+) cations to produce thermodynamically favored NP in a single step at 65 degree C with catalytic nucleation on the cell surfaces. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis of dry CdS NP revealed an exciton-dominated PL peak at 440 nm, having a narrow full width at half maximum of 10 nm. A PL spectrum of CdS NP produced by dissimilatory sulfur reducing bacteria was dominated by features associated with radiative exciton relaxation at the surface. High reproducibility of CdS NP PL features important for scale-up conditions was confirmed from test tubes to 24 L batches at a small fraction of the manufacturing cost associated with conventional inorganic NP production processes. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology AU - Moon, Ji-Won AU - Ivanov, Ilia N AU - Duty, Chad E AU - Love, Lonnie J AU - Rondinone, Adam J AU - Wang, Wei AU - Li, Yi-Liang AU - Madden, Andrew S AU - Mosher, Jennifer J AU - Hu, Michael Z AU - Suresh, Anil K AU - Rawn, Claudia J AU - Jung, Hyunsung AU - Lauf, Robert J AU - Phelps, Tommy J AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, moonj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/11// PY - 2013 DA - Nov 2013 SP - 1263 EP - 1271 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 40 IS - 11 SN - 1367-5435, 1367-5435 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Sulfur KW - Cell surface KW - Photons KW - Cell culture KW - Thermoanaerobacter KW - Crystals KW - Hydrogen sulfide KW - sulfite KW - cadmium sulfide KW - Nucleation KW - Salts KW - Cations KW - Economics KW - thiosulfate KW - Luminescence KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1458539984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Scalable+economic+extracellular+synthesis+of+CdS+nanostructured+particles+by+a+non-pathogenic+thermophile&rft.au=Moon%2C+Ji-Won%3BIvanov%2C+Ilia+N%3BDuty%2C+Chad+E%3BLove%2C+Lonnie+J%3BRondinone%2C+Adam+J%3BWang%2C+Wei%3BLi%2C+Yi-Liang%3BMadden%2C+Andrew+S%3BMosher%2C+Jennifer+J%3BHu%2C+Michael+Z%3BSuresh%2C+Anil+K%3BRawn%2C+Claudia+J%3BJung%2C+Hyunsung%3BLauf%2C+Robert+J%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J&rft.aulast=Moon&rft.aufirst=Ji-Won&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.issn=13675435&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10295-013-1321-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfur; Cell surface; Photons; Cell culture; Crystals; Hydrogen sulfide; sulfite; cadmium sulfide; Nucleation; Salts; Cations; Economics; thiosulfate; Luminescence; Thermoanaerobacter DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10295-013-1321-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pb(II) and Cr(VI) sorption by biochars pyrolyzed from the municipal wastewater sludge under different heating conditions. AN - 1437583493; 24013292 AB - To optimize the pyrolysis process of municipal wastewater sludge for metal sorption, this study investigated the characteristics of the produced biochar under different heating conditions with particular interest in Pb(II) or Cr(VI) sorption. Results indicate that the biochar pyrolyzed at 400 °C for 2 h obtained the largest BET surface area and was rich of organic functional groups, owning the highest Pb(II) (at pH 5.0) and Cr(VI) (at pH 2.0) sorption capacity. The Pb sorption is dominated by the rate-limited chemical processes, and a longer residence during pyrolysis significantly reinforces its sorption bonds. The Cr(VI) sorption is highly pH-dependent, and the optimal occurs at pH 2, where the transformation of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) makes a significant contribution as confirmed by the XPS spectra. Similarly, a longer residence during pyrolysis also facilitates the Cr(VI) sorption in terms of capacity and affinity, likely due to the greater reducing potential of biochar. JF - Bioresource technology AU - Zhang, Weihua AU - Mao, Shengyao AU - Chen, Hao AU - Huang, Long AU - Qiu, Rongliang AD - School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China. Electronic address: zhangwh5@mail.sysu.edu.cn. Y1 - 2013/11// PY - 2013 DA - November 2013 SP - 545 EP - 552 VL - 147 KW - Sewage KW - 0 KW - Waste Water KW - biochar KW - Chromium KW - 0R0008Q3JB KW - Charcoal KW - 16291-96-6 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Index Medicus KW - Pyrolysis KW - Sorption KW - Heavy metals KW - Biochar KW - Sludge KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Chromium -- metabolism KW - Lead -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1437583493?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresource+technology&rft.atitle=Pb%28II%29+and+Cr%28VI%29+sorption+by+biochars+pyrolyzed+from+the+municipal+wastewater+sludge+under+different+heating+conditions.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Weihua%3BMao%2C+Shengyao%3BChen%2C+Hao%3BHuang%2C+Long%3BQiu%2C+Rongliang&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Weihua&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=&rft.spage=545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresource+technology&rft.issn=1873-2976&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biortech.2013.08.082 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-04-30 N1 - Date created - 2013-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.082 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Simulation of Coupled Surface-Subsurface Hydrologic and Terrestrial Ecosystem Processes Using Pflotran and CLM T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AN - 1490505425; 6246695 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AU - Mills, Richard AU - Bisht, Gautam AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Cheng, Chu-Lin AU - Tang, Guoping AU - Hammond, Glenn AU - Andre, Benjamin AU - Watson, David AU - Brooks, Scott Y1 - 2013/10/27/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 27 KW - Terrestrial ecosystems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490505425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+Coupled+Surface-Subsurface+Hydrologic+and+Terrestrial+Ecosystem+Processes+Using+Pflotran+and+CLM&rft.au=Mills%2C+Richard%3BBisht%2C+Gautam%3BKumar%2C+Jitendra%3BCheng%2C+Chu-Lin%3BTang%2C+Guoping%3BHammond%2C+Glenn%3BAndre%2C+Benjamin%3BWatson%2C+David%3BBrooks%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2013-10-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Deploying Carbon Fiber in High Volume Energy Applications T2 - 52nd Annual Conference of Metallurgists (COM 2013) AN - 1450168534; 6244771 JF - 52nd Annual Conference of Metallurgists (COM 2013) AU - Eberle, Cliff AU - Boeman, Raymond Y1 - 2013/10/27/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 27 KW - Fibers KW - Carbon KW - Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1450168534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=52nd+Annual+Conference+of+Metallurgists+%28COM+2013%29&rft.atitle=Deploying+Carbon+Fiber+in+High+Volume+Energy+Applications&rft.au=Eberle%2C+Cliff%3BBoeman%2C+Raymond&rft.aulast=Eberle&rft.aufirst=Cliff&rft.date=2013-10-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=52nd+Annual+Conference+of+Metallurgists+%28COM+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.programmaster.org/PM/PM.nsf/SessionSheetView?OpenForm&ParentUNID=1C64FCABE1A1E644852576C30062C9E9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2013-11-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of porosity and geochemistry in Marcellus Formation black shale during weathering AN - 1464891672; 2013-091430 AB - Soils developed on the Oatka Creek member of the Marcellus Formation in Huntingdon, Pennsylvania were analyzed to understand the evolution of black shale matrix porosity and the associated changes in elemental and mineralogical composition during infiltration of water into organic-rich shale. Making the reasonable assumption that soil erosion rates are the same as those measured in a nearby location on a less organic-rich shale, we suggest that soil production rates have on average been faster for this black shale compared to the gray shale in similar climate settings. This difference is attributed to differences in composition: both shales are dominantly quartz, illite, and chlorite, but the Oatka Creek member at this location has more organic matter (1.25 wt.% organic carbon in rock fragments recovered from the bottom of the auger cores and nearby outcrops) and accessory pyrite. During weathering, the extremely low-porosity bedrock slowly disaggregates into shale chips with intergranular pores and fractures. Some of these pores are either filled with organic matter or air-filled but remain unconnected, and thus inaccessible to water. Based on weathering bedrock/soil profiles, disintegration is initiated with oxidation of pyrite and organic matter, which increases the overall porosity and most importantly allows water penetration. Water infiltration exposes fresh surface area and thus promotes dissolution of plagioclase and clays. As these dissolution reactions proceed, the porosity in the deepest shale chips recovered from the soil decrease from 9 to 7% while kaolinite and Fe oxyhydroxides precipitate. Eventually, near the land surface, mineral precipitation is outcompeted by dissolution or particle loss of illite and chlorite and porosity in shale chips increases to 20%. As imaged by computed tomographic analysis, weathering causes i) greater porosity, ii) greater average length of connected pores, and iii) a more branched pore network compared to the unweathered sample. This work highlights the impact of shale-water-O (sub 2) interactions in near-surface environments: (1) black shale weathering is important for global carbon cycles as previously buried organic matter is quickly oxidized; and (2) black shales weather more quickly than less organic- and sulfide-rich shales, leading to high porosity and mineral surface areas exposed for clay weathering. The fast rates of shale gas exploitation that are ongoing in Pennsylvania, Texas and other regions in the United States may furthermore lead to release of metals to the environment if reactions between water and black shale are accelerated by gas development activities in the subsurface just as they are by low-temperature processes in our field study. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Jin, Lixin AU - Mathur, Ryan AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Cole, David AU - Bazilevskaya, Ekaterina AU - Williams, Jennifer AU - Carone, Alex AU - Brantley, Susan Y1 - 2013/10/09/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 09 SP - 50 EP - 63 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 356 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - neutron methods KW - natural gas KW - mass spectra KW - petroleum KW - oil shale KW - black shale KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - Oatka Creek Member KW - major elements KW - water-rock interaction KW - Marcellus Shale KW - carbon KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - chemical weathering KW - pollutants KW - Paleozoic KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - gas shale KW - migration of elements KW - kaolinite KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - clay minerals KW - ICP mass spectra KW - hydroxides KW - organic compounds KW - Middle Devonian KW - Devonian KW - Huntingdon County Pennsylvania KW - infiltration KW - sheet silicates KW - pyrite KW - trace metals KW - mobilization KW - Pennsylvania KW - computed tomography data KW - sulfides KW - clastic rocks KW - Jackson Corner Pennsylvania KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464891672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+porosity+and+geochemistry+in+Marcellus+Formation+black+shale+during+weathering&rft.au=Jin%2C+Lixin%3BMathur%2C+Ryan%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BCole%2C+David%3BBazilevskaya%2C+Ekaterina%3BWilliams%2C+Jennifer%3BCarone%2C+Alex%3BBrantley%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=Lixin&rft.date=2013-10-09&rft.volume=356&rft.issue=&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2013.07.012 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 92 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - black shale; carbon; chemical composition; chemical weathering; clastic rocks; clay minerals; computed tomography data; Devonian; gas shale; Huntingdon County Pennsylvania; hydroxides; ICP mass spectra; infiltration; Jackson Corner Pennsylvania; kaolinite; major elements; Marcellus Shale; mass spectra; Middle Devonian; migration of elements; mineral composition; mobilization; natural gas; neutron methods; Oatka Creek Member; oil shale; organic carbon; organic compounds; oxidation; oxides; Paleozoic; Pennsylvania; petroleum; pollutants; pollution; porosity; pyrite; sedimentary rocks; sheet silicates; silicates; spectra; sulfides; trace metals; United States; water-rock interaction; weathering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.07.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Near-term acceleration of hydroclimatic change in the western U.S. AN - 1611639740; 20764538 AB - Given its large population, vigorous and water-intensive agricultural industry, and important ecological resources, the western United States presents a valuable case study for examining potential near-term changes in regional hydroclimate. Using a high-resolution, hierarchical, five-member ensemble modeling experiment that includes a global climate model (Community Climate System Model), a regional climate model (RegCM), and a hydrological model (Variable Infiltration Capacity model), we find that increases in greenhouse forcing over the next three decades result in an acceleration of decreases in spring snowpack and a transition to a substantially more liquid-dominated water resources regime. These hydroclimatic changes are associated with increases in cold-season days above freezing and decreases in the cold-season snow-to-precipitation ratio. The changes in the temperature and precipitation regime in turn result in shifts toward earlier snowmelt, base flow, and runoff dates throughout the region, as well as reduced annual and warm-season snowmelt and runoff. The simulated hydrologic response is dominated by changes in temperature, with the ensemble members exhibiting varying trends in cold-season precipitation over the next three decades but consistent negative trends in cold-season freeze days, cold-season snow-to-precipitation ratio, and 1 April snow water equivalent. Given the observed impacts of recent trends in snowpack and snowmelt runoff, the projected acceleration of hydroclimatic change in the western U.S. has important implications for the availability of water for agriculture, hydropower, and human consumption, as well as for the risk of wildfire, forest die-off, and loss of riparian habitat. Key Points * Acceleration of decreases in western U.S. spring snowpack in next three decades * Shifts toward earlier snowmelt, base flow, and runoff dates throughout the region * Hydrological response is dominated by changes in temperature JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Ashfaq, Moetasim AU - Ghosh, Subimal AU - Kao, Shih-Chieh AU - Bowling, Laura C AU - Mote, Philip AU - Touma, Danielle AU - Rauscher, Sara A AU - Diffenbaugh, Noah S AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - 10 EP - 10,693 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 118 IS - 19 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Snowpack KW - Hydrological Regime KW - Base Flow KW - Water resources KW - Forests KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Potential resources KW - Hydroclimate KW - Regional climate models KW - Precipitation regime KW - Agricultural runoff KW - Rivers KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Climate models KW - Rainfall runoff KW - Snow KW - Infiltration capacity KW - Base flow KW - Climates KW - Temperature KW - Snowmelt runoff KW - Environmental impact KW - Precipitation KW - Snow cover KW - Acceleration KW - USA KW - Snow cover water equivalent KW - Snowmelt KW - Global warming KW - Temperature trends KW - Runoff KW - Water Resources KW - Climate and water resources KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1611639740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Near-term+acceleration+of+hydroclimatic+change+in+the+western+U.S.&rft.au=Ashfaq%2C+Moetasim%3BGhosh%2C+Subimal%3BKao%2C+Shih-Chieh%3BBowling%2C+Laura+C%3BMote%2C+Philip%3BTouma%2C+Danielle%3BRauscher%2C+Sara+A%3BDiffenbaugh%2C+Noah+S&rft.aulast=Ashfaq&rft.aufirst=Moetasim&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjgrd.50816 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Potential resources; Snow; Hydroclimate; Environmental impact; Forests; Water resources; Acceleration; Agricultural runoff; Climate models; Hydrologic analysis; Rainfall runoff; Base flow; Infiltration capacity; Snowmelt runoff; Precipitation; Snow cover; Snow cover water equivalent; Global warming; Regional climate models; Temperature trends; Precipitation regime; Climate and water resources; Snowpack; Hydrological Regime; Hydrologic Models; Base Flow; Climates; Temperature; Snowmelt; Runoff; Water Resources; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50816 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Grafting density effects, optoelectrical properties and nano-patterning of poly(para-phenylene) brushes AN - 1562673535; 20518991 AB - Well-defined conjugated polymers in confined geometries are challenging to synthesize and characterize, yet they are potentially useful in a broad range of organic optoelectronic devices such as transistors, light emitting diodes, solar cells, sensors, and nanocircuits. Herein we report a systematic study of optoelectrical properties, grafting density effects, and nanopatterning of a model, end-tethered conjugated polymer system. Specifically, poly(para-phenylene) (PPP) brushes of various grafting density are created in situby aromatizing well-defined, end-tethered poly(1,3-cyclohexadiene) (PCHD) "precursor brushes". This novel precursor brush approach provides a convenient way to make and systematically control the grafting density of high molecular weight conjugated polymer brushes that would otherwise be insoluble. This allows us to examine how grafting density impacts the effective conjugation length of the conjugated PPP brushes and to adapt the fabrication method to develop spatially patterned conjugated brush systems, which is important for practical applications of conjugated polymer brushes. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Chen, Jihua AU - Alonzo, Jose AU - Yu, Xiang AU - Hong, Kunlun AU - Messman, Jamie M AU - Ivanov, Ilia AU - Lavrik, Nickolay V AU - Banerjee, Moloy AU - Rathore, Rajendra AU - Sun, Zhenzhong AU - Li, Dawen AU - Mays, Jimmy W AU - Sumpter, Bobby G AU - Kilbey, SMichael II AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA; , chenj1@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 13426 EP - 13432 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 1 IS - 43 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Sensors KW - Energy KW - Solar cells KW - Polymers KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562673535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Grafting+density+effects%2C+optoelectrical+properties+and+nano-patterning+of+poly%28para-phenylene%29+brushes&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jihua%3BAlonzo%2C+Jose%3BYu%2C+Xiang%3BHong%2C+Kunlun%3BMessman%2C+Jamie+M%3BIvanov%2C+Ilia%3BLavrik%2C+Nickolay+V%3BBanerjee%2C+Moloy%3BRathore%2C+Rajendra%3BSun%2C+Zhenzhong%3BLi%2C+Dawen%3BMays%2C+Jimmy+W%3BSumpter%2C+Bobby+G%3BKilbey%2C+SMichael+II&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jihua&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=43&rft.spage=13426&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta12745a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensors; Solar cells; Energy; Polymers; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta12745a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An adaptive sparse-grid high-order stochastic collocation method for Bayesian inference in groundwater reactive transport modeling AN - 1492636094; 18926509 AB - Bayesian analysis has become vital to uncertainty quantification in groundwater modeling, but its application has been hindered by the computational cost associated with numerous model executions required by exploring the posterior probability density function (PPDF) of model parameters. This is particularly the case when the PPDF is estimated using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling. In this study, a new approach is developed to improve the computational efficiency of Bayesian inference by constructing a surrogate of the PPDF, using an adaptive sparse-grid high-order stochastic collocation (aSG-hSC) method. Unlike previous works using first-order hierarchical basis, this paper utilizes a compactly supported higher-order hierarchical basis to construct the surrogate system, resulting in a significant reduction in the number of required model executions. In addition, using the hierarchical surplus as an error indicator allows locally adaptive refinement of sparse grids in the parameter space, which further improves computational efficiency. To efficiently build the surrogate system for the PPDF with multiple significant modes, optimization techniques are used to identify the modes, for which high-probability regions are defined and components of the aSG-hSC approximation are constructed. After the surrogate is determined, the PPDF can be evaluated by sampling the surrogate system directly without model execution, resulting in improved efficiency of the surrogate-based MCMC compared with conventional MCMC. The developed method is evaluated using two synthetic groundwater reactive transport models. The first example involves coupled linear reactions and demonstrates the accuracy of our high-order hierarchical basis approach in approximating high-dimensional posteriori distribution. The second example is highly nonlinear because of the reactions of uranium surface complexation, and demonstrates how the iterative aSG-hSC method is able to capture multimodal and non-Gaussian features of PPDF caused by model nonlinearity. Both experiments show that aSG-hSC is an effective and efficient tool for Bayesian inference. High-order stochastic collocation method is used for Bayesian inference . Adaptive sparse grids are employed to reduce computational cost . An iterative algorithm is proposed for simulating PPDF with multiple modes JF - Water Resources Research AU - Zhang, Guannan AU - Lu, Dan AU - Ye, Ming AU - Gunzburger, Max AU - Webster, Clayton AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - 6871 EP - 6892 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 49 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - uncertainty quantification KW - adaptive sparse grid KW - surrogate modeling KW - groundwater reactive transport KW - high-order hierarchical basis KW - Algorithms KW - Statistical analysis KW - Water resources KW - Monte Carlo method KW - Costs KW - Uranium KW - Ground water KW - Nonlinearity KW - Sampling KW - Modelling KW - Mathematical models KW - Stochastic models in hydrology KW - Density KW - Probability density function KW - Stochastic methods in hydrology KW - Model Studies KW - Methodology KW - Markov Process KW - Probability theory KW - Groundwater KW - Water resources research KW - Optimization KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) KW - Q2 09391:Tools, rigging and deck machinery KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492636094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=An+adaptive+sparse-grid+high-order+stochastic+collocation+method+for+Bayesian+inference+in+groundwater+reactive+transport+modeling&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Guannan%3BLu%2C+Dan%3BYe%2C+Ming%3BGunzburger%2C+Max%3BWebster%2C+Clayton&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Guannan&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=6871&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20467 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Uranium; Probability theory; Ground water; Statistical analysis; Water resources; Nonlinearity; Methodology; Modelling; Stochastic models in hydrology; Algorithms; Monte Carlo method; Probability density function; Stochastic methods in hydrology; Water resources research; Costs; Markov Process; Density; Sampling; Groundwater; Optimization; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20467 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of irradiation facility options for fusion materials research and development AN - 1475562497; 18867346 AB - Successful development of fusion energy will require the design of high-performance structural materials that exhibit dimensional stability and good resistance to fusion neutron degradation of mechanical and physical properties. The high levels of gaseous (H, He) transmutation products associated with deuterium-tritium (D-T) fusion neutron transmutation reactions, along with displacement damage dose requirements up to 50-200displacements per atom (dpa) for a fusion demonstration reactor (DEMO), pose an extraordinary challenge. One or more intense neutron source(s) are needed to address two complementary missions: (1) scientific investigations of radiation degradation phenomena and micro-structural evolution under fusion-relevant irradiation conditions (to provide the foundation for designing improved radiation resistant materials), and (2) engineering database development for design and licensing of next-step fusion energy machines such as a fusion DEMO. A wide variety of irradiation facilities have been proposed to investigate materials science phenomena and to test and qualify materials for a DEMO reactor. Some of the key technical considerations for selecting the most appropriate fusion materials irradiation source are summarized. Currently available and proposed facilities include fission reactors (including isotopic and spectral tailoring techniques to modify the rate of H and He production per dpa), dual- and triple-ion accelerator irradiation facilities that enable greatly accelerated irradiation studies with fusion-relevant H and He production rates per dpa within microscopic volumes, D-Li stripping reaction and spallation neutron sources, and plasma-based sources. The advantages and limitations of the main proposed fusion materials irradiation facility options are reviewed. Evaluation parameters include irradiation volume, potential for performing accelerated irradiation studies, capital and operating costs, similarity of neutron irradiation spectrum to fusion reactor conditions, temperature and irradiation flux stability/control, ability to perform multiple-effect tests (e.g., irradiation in the presence of a flowing coolant, or in the presence of complex applied stress fields), and technical maturity/risk of the concept. Ultimately, it is anticipated that heavy utilization of ion beam and fission neutron irradiation facilities along with sophisticated materials models, in addition to a dedicated fusion-relevant neutron irradiation facility, will be necessary to provide a comprehensive and cost-effective understanding of anticipated materials evolution in a fusion DEMO and to therefore provide a timely and robust materials database. JF - Fusion Engineering and Design AU - Zinkle, S J AU - Moeslang, A AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6249, USA zinklesj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 472 EP - 482 PB - North-Holland, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 88 IS - 6-8 SN - 0920-3796, 0920-3796 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Databases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475562497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fusion+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+irradiation+facility+options+for+fusion+materials+research+and+development&rft.au=Zinkle%2C+S+J%3BMoeslang%2C+A&rft.aulast=Zinkle&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=6-8&rft.spage=472&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fusion+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=09203796&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implementation and assessment of high-resolution numerical methods in TRACE AN - 1464547521; 18718773 AB - The 1st-order upwind differencing numerical scheme is widely employed to discretize the convective terms of the two-phase flow transport equations in reactor systems analysis codes such as TRACE and RELAP. While very robust and efficient, 1 st-order upwinding leads to excessive numerical diffusion. Standard 2nd-order numerical methods (e.g., Lax-Wendroff and Beam-Warming) can effectively reduce numerical diffusion but often produce spurious oscillations for steep gradients. To overcome the difficulties with the standard higher-order schemes, high-resolution schemes such as nonlinear flux limiters have been developed and successfully applied in numerical simulation of fluid-flow problems in recent years. The present work contains a detailed study on the implementation and assessment of six nonlinear flux limiters in TRACE. These flux limiters selected are MUSCL, Van Leer (VL), OSPRE, Van Albada (VA), ENO, and Van Albada 2 (VA2). The assessment is focused on numerical stability, convergence, and accuracy of the flux limiters and their applicability for boiling water reactor (BWR) stability analysis. It is found that VA and MUSCL work best among of the six flux limiters. Both of them not only have better numerical accuracy than the 1 st-order upwind scheme but also preserve great robustness and efficiency. JF - Nuclear Engineering and Design AU - Wang, Dean AU - Mahaffy, John H AU - Staudenmeier, Joseph AU - Thurston, Carl G AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley RD #6167, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA wangda@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 327 EP - 341 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 263 SN - 0029-5493, 0029-5493 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Numerical analysis KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Assessments KW - Flux KW - Standards KW - Nonlinearity KW - Diffusion KW - Nuclear reactor components UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464547521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Implementation+and+assessment+of+high-resolution+numerical+methods+in+TRACE&rft.au=Wang%2C+Dean%3BMahaffy%2C+John+H%3BStaudenmeier%2C+Joseph%3BThurston%2C+Carl+G&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=263&rft.issue=&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=00295493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas evolution from cathode materials: A pathway to solvent decomposition concomitant to SEI formation AN - 1448754404; 18681268 AB - This work reports a method to explore the catalytic reactivity of electrode surfaces toward the decomposition of carbonate solvents [ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and EC/DMC]. We show that the decomposition of a 1:1 wt% EC/DMC mixture is accelerated over certain commercially available LiCoO sub(2) materials resulting in the formation of CO sub(2) while over pure EC or DMC the reaction is much slower or negligible. The solubility of the produced CO sub(2) in carbonate solvents is high (0.025 g mL super(-1)) which masks the effect of electrolyte decomposition during storage or use. The origin of this decomposition is not clear but it is expected to be present on other cathode materials and may affect the analysis of SEI products as well as the safety of Li-ion batteries. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Browning, K L AU - Baggetto, L AU - Unocic, R R AU - Dudney, N J AU - Veith, G M AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, veithgm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/10/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 01 SP - 341 EP - 346 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 239 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Storage KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - Electrodes KW - Solvents KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Decomposition KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448754404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Gas+evolution+from+cathode+materials%3A+A+pathway+to+solvent+decomposition+concomitant+to+SEI+formation&rft.au=Browning%2C+K+L%3BBaggetto%2C+L%3BUnocic%2C+R+R%3BDudney%2C+N+J%3BVeith%2C+G+M&rft.aulast=Browning&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=239&rft.issue=&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Electrolytes; Batteries; Electrodes; Solvents; Carbon dioxide; Decomposition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental proteomics reveals early microbial community responses to biostimulation at a uranium- and nitrate-contaminated site AN - 1443377872; 18677036 AB - High-performance MS instrumentation coupled with improved protein extraction techniques enables metaproteomics to identify active members of soil and groundwater microbial communities. Metaproteomics workflows were applied to study the initial responses (i.e. 4 days post treatment) of the indigenous aquifer microbiota to biostimulation with emulsified vegetable oil ( EVO ) at a uranium-contaminated site. Members of the B etaproteobacteria (i.e. D echloromonas, R alstonia, R hodoferax, P olaromonas, D elftia, C hromobacterium) and the F irmicutes dominated the biostimulated aquifer community. Proteome characterization revealed distinct differences between the microbial biomass collected from groundwater influenced by biostimulation and groundwater collected upgradient of the EVO injection points. In particular, proteins involved in ammonium assimilation, EVO degradation, and polyhydroxybutyrate granule formation were prominent following biostimulation. Interestingly, the atypical N os Z of D echloromonas spp. was highly abundant, suggesting active nitrous oxide ( N sub(2) O ) respiration. c-Type cytochromes were barely detected, as was citrate synthase, a biomarker for hexavalent uranium reduction activity, suggesting that uranium reduction has not commenced 4 days post EVO amendment. Environmental metaproteomics identified microbial community responses to biostimulation and elucidated active pathways demonstrating the value of this technique as a monitoring tool and for complementing nucleic acid-based approaches. JF - Proteomics AU - Chourey, Karuna AU - Nissen, Silke AU - Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana AU - Shah, Manesh AU - Pfiffner, Susan AU - Hettich, Robert L AU - Loffler, Frank E AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 2921 EP - 2930 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 13 IS - 18-19 SN - 1615-9853, 1615-9853 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Ammonium KW - Alstonia KW - Ground water KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1443377872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics&rft.atitle=Environmental+proteomics+reveals+early+microbial+community+responses+to+biostimulation+at+a+uranium-+and+nitrate-contaminated+site&rft.au=Chourey%2C+Karuna%3BNissen%2C+Silke%3BVishnivetskaya%2C+Tatiana%3BShah%2C+Manesh%3BPfiffner%2C+Susan%3BHettich%2C+Robert+L%3BLoffler%2C+Frank+E&rft.aulast=Chourey&rft.aufirst=Karuna&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=18-19&rft.spage=2921&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics&rft.issn=16159853&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpmic.201300155 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ground water; Alstonia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201300155 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Representativeness-based sampling network design for the State of Alaska AN - 1443374832; 18685470 AB - Resource and logistical constraints limit the frequency and extent of environmental observations, particularly in the Arctic, necessitating the development of a systematic sampling strategy to maximize coverage and objectively represent environmental variability at desired scales. A quantitative methodology for stratifying sampling domains, informing site selection, and determining the representativeness of measurement sites and networks is described here. Multivariate spatiotemporal clustering was applied to down-scaled general circulation model results and data for the State of Alaska at 4 km super(2) resolution to define multiple sets of ecoregions across two decadal time periods. Maps of ecoregions for the present (2000-2009) and future (2090-2099) were produced, showing how combinations of 37 characteristics are distributed and how they may shift in the future. Representative sampling locations are identified on present and future ecoregion maps. A representativeness metric was developed, and representativeness maps for eight candidate sampling locations were produced. This metric was used to characterize the environmental similarity of each site. This analysis provides model-inspired insights into optimal sampling strategies, offers a framework for up-scaling measurements, and provides a down-scaling approach for integration of models and measurements. These techniques can be applied at different spatial and temporal scales to meet the needs of individual measurement campaigns. JF - Landscape Ecology AU - Hoffman, Forrest M AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Mills, Richard T AU - Hargrove, William W AD - Computer Science & Mathematics Division, Climate Change Science Institute (CCSI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, forrest@climatemodeling.orgaff2 Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - 1567 EP - 1586 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 28 IS - 8 SN - 0921-2973, 0921-2973 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Site selection KW - Integration KW - Data processing KW - Landscape KW - Sampling KW - Models KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1443374832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+Ecology&rft.atitle=Representativeness-based+sampling+network+design+for+the+State+of+Alaska&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+Forrest+M%3BKumar%2C+Jitendra%3BMills%2C+Richard+T%3BHargrove%2C+William+W&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Forrest&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+Ecology&rft.issn=09212973&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10980-013-9902-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Site selection; Integration; Data processing; Landscape; Sampling; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-013-9902-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An integrated toolkit for accurate prediction and analysis of cis-regulatory motifs at a genome scale AN - 1434016541; 18516496 AB - Motivation: We present an integrated toolkit, BoBro2.0, for prediction and analysis of cis-regulatory motifs. This toolkit can (i) reliably identify statistically significant cis-regulatory motifs at a genome scale; (ii) accurately scan for all motif instances of a query motif in specified genomic regions using a novel method for P-value estimation; (iii) provide highly reliable comparisons and clustering of identified motifs, which takes into consideration the weak signals from the flanking regions of the motifs; and (iv) analyze co-occurring motifs in the regulatory regions.Results: We have carried out systematic comparisons between motif predictions using BoBro2.0 and the MEME package. The comparison results on Escherichia coli K12 genome and the human genome show that BoBro2.0 can identify the statistically significant motifs at a genome scale more efficiently, identify motif instances more accurately and get more reliable motif clusters than MEME. In addition, BoBro2.0 provides correlational analyses among the identified motifs to facilitate the inference of joint regulation relationships of transcription factors.Availability: The source code of the program is freely available for noncommercial uses at http://code.google.com/p/bobro/.Contact: xynmb.uga.eduSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Ma, Qin AU - Liu, Bingqiang AU - Zhou, Chuan AU - Yin, Yanbin AU - Li, Guojun AU - Xu, Ying AD - super(1)Computational Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA, super(2)School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China, super(3)Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115-2857, USA, super(4)BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge, TN, USA and super(5)College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China Y1 - 2013/09/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Sep 15 SP - 2261 EP - 2268 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 29 IS - 18 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Computer programs KW - Data processing KW - Escherichia coli KW - Statistical analysis KW - Bioinformatics KW - genomics KW - Internet KW - Joints KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434016541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=An+integrated+toolkit+for+accurate+prediction+and+analysis+of+cis-regulatory+motifs+at+a+genome+scale&rft.au=Ma%2C+Qin%3BLiu%2C+Bingqiang%3BZhou%2C+Chuan%3BYin%2C+Yanbin%3BLi%2C+Guojun%3BXu%2C+Ying&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Qin&rft.date=2013-09-15&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=2261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtt397 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Computer programs; Data processing; Statistical analysis; genomics; Bioinformatics; Internet; Joints; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt397 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Traps to Avoid When Modeling Relationships Between Hydropower, Habitat and the Viability of Riverine Fishes T2 - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AN - 1412157336; 6225350 JF - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AU - Jager, Henriette Y1 - 2013/09/08/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Sep 08 KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Traps KW - Fish KW - Habitat UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412157336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.atitle=Traps+to+Avoid+When+Modeling+Relationships+Between+Hydropower%2C+Habitat+and+the+Viability+of+Riverine+Fishes&rft.au=Jager%2C+Henriette&rft.aulast=Jager&rft.aufirst=Henriette&rft.date=2013-09-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - US Hydrologic Classification Applied to Fish Traits: A Framework for Developing Flow-Ecology Hypotheses T2 - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AN - 1412153564; 6225371 JF - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AU - McManamay, Ryan AU - Bevelhimer, Mark AU - Kao, Shih-Chieh AU - Frimpong, Emmanuel Y1 - 2013/09/08/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Sep 08 KW - Classification KW - Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412153564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.atitle=US+Hydrologic+Classification+Applied+to+Fish+Traits%3A+A+Framework+for+Developing+Flow-Ecology+Hypotheses&rft.au=McManamay%2C+Ryan%3BBevelhimer%2C+Mark%3BKao%2C+Shih-Chieh%3BFrimpong%2C+Emmanuel&rft.aulast=McManamay&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2013-09-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidation and methylation of dissolved elemental mercury by anaerobic bacteria AN - 1687669074; PQ0001429702 AB - Methylmercury is a neurotoxin that poses significant health risks to humans. Some anaerobic sulphate- and iron-reducing bacteria can methylate oxidized forms of mercury, generating methylmercury. One strain of sulphate-reducing bacteria (Desulfovibrio desulphuricans ND132) can also methylate elemental mercury. The prevalence of this trait among different bacterial strains and species remains unclear, however. Here, we compare the ability of two strains of the sulphate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio and one strain of the iron-reducing bacterium Geobacter to oxidize and methylate elemental mercury in a series of laboratory incubations. Experiments were carried out under dark, anaerobic conditions, in the presence of environmentally relevant concentrations of elemental mercury. We report differences in the ability of these organisms to oxidize and methylate elemental mercury. In line with recent findings, we show that D.desulphuricans ND132 can both oxidize and methylate elemental mercury. We find that the rate of methylation of elemental mercury is about one-third the rate of methylation of oxidized mercury. We also show that Desulfovibrio alaskensis G20 can oxidize, but not methylate, elemental mercury. Geobacter sulphurreducens PCA is able to oxidize and methylate elemental mercury in the presence of cysteine. We suggest that the activity of methylating and non-methylating bacteria may together enhance the formation of methylmercury in anaerobic environments. JF - Nature Geoscience AU - Hu, Haiyan AU - Lin, Hui AU - Zheng, Wang AU - Tomanicek, Stephen J AU - Johs, Alexander AU - Feng, Xinbin AU - Elias, Dwayne A AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Gu, Baohua AD - 1] Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA [2] State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - September 2013 SP - 751 EP - 754 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 9 SN - 1752-0894, 1752-0894 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - iron-reducing bacteria KW - Bacteria KW - Geobacter KW - Anaerobic conditions KW - Anaerobic environments KW - Cysteine KW - Desulfovibrio KW - Oxidation KW - Dimethylmercury KW - Mercury KW - Neurotoxins KW - Methylation KW - Anaerobic bacteria KW - J 02400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1687669074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Geoscience&rft.atitle=Oxidation+and+methylation+of+dissolved+elemental+mercury+by+anaerobic+bacteria&rft.au=Hu%2C+Haiyan%3BLin%2C+Hui%3BZheng%2C+Wang%3BTomanicek%2C+Stephen+J%3BJohs%2C+Alexander%3BFeng%2C+Xinbin%3BElias%2C+Dwayne+A%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BGu%2C+Baohua&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Haiyan&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=751&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Geoscience&rft.issn=17520894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fngeo1894 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - iron-reducing bacteria; Anaerobic environments; Cysteine; Oxidation; Dimethylmercury; Mercury; Neurotoxins; Anaerobic conditions; Methylation; Anaerobic bacteria; Bacteria; Geobacter; Desulfovibrio DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1894 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-year Content Analysis of User Facility Related Publications AN - 1622284994; 201410093 AB - Scientific user facilities provide resources and support that enable scientists to conduct experiments or simulations pertinent to their respective research. Consequently, it is critical to have an informed understanding of the impact and contributions that these facilities have on scientific discoveries. Leveraging insight into scientific publications that acknowledge the use of these facilities enables more informed decisions by facility management and sponsors in regard to policy, resource allocation, and influencing the direction of science, as well as a more effective understanding of the impact of a scientific user facility. This work discusses preliminary results of mining scientific publications that utilized resources at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). These results show promise in identifying and leveraging multi-year trends and providing a higher resolution view of the impact that a scientific user facility may have on scientific discoveries. Adapted from the source document. JF - D-Lib Magazine AU - Patton, Robert M AU - Stahl, Christopher G AU - Hines, Jayson B AU - Potok, Thomas E AU - Wells, Jack C AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory pattonrm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - September 2013 PB - Corporation for National Research Initiatives, Reston, VA VL - 19 IS - 9-10 SN - 1082-9873, 1082-9873 KW - Scientific User Facility KW - Trend Analysis KW - Text Analysis KW - Algorithms KW - Design KW - Research centers KW - Content analysis KW - Grey literature KW - Text analysis KW - Space KW - article KW - 5.14: GREY LITERATURE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1622284994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=D-Lib+Magazine&rft.atitle=Multi-year+Content+Analysis+of+User+Facility+Related+Publications&rft.au=Patton%2C+Robert+M%3BStahl%2C+Christopher+G%3BHines%2C+Jayson+B%3BPotok%2C+Thomas+E%3BWells%2C+Jack+C&rft.aulast=Patton&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=9-10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=D-Lib+Magazine&rft.issn=10829873&rft_id=info:doi/10.1045%2Fseptember2013-patton L2 - http://www.dlib.org LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - DLMAF7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Content analysis; Text analysis; Research centers; Space; Grey literature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1045/september2013-patton ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition of high silica SiO sub(2)-TiO sub(2) antireflective thin films for glass based solar panels AN - 1620045343; 20694736 AB - The atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) of SiO sub(2)-TiO sub(2) thin films on glass by employing a [[( super()tuO) sub(3)SiO] sub(2)-Ti(O super()ir) sub(2)] single-source precursor, which can be prepared from commercially available materials, results in antireflective thin films with high silica SiO sub(2) : TiO sub(2) ratio (i.e.SiO sub(2) > 1) on float glass under industrially relevant manufacturing conditions. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. C, Materials for optical and electronic devices. AU - Klobukowski, Erik R AU - Tenhaeff, Wyatt E AU - McCamy, James W AU - Harris, Caroline S AU - Narula, Chaitanya K AD - Materials Science & Technology Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; P.O. Box 2008; Oak Ridge; TN 37831-6133; USA Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - Sep 2013 SP - 6188 EP - 6190 PB - R S C Publications, Thomas Graham House (290) Cambridge CB4 0WF United Kingdom VL - 1 IS - 39 SN - 2050-7526, 2050-7526 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); METADEX (MD); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Titanium dioxide KW - Precursors KW - Atmospheric pressure KW - Glass KW - Barometric pressure KW - Chemical vapor deposition KW - Thin films KW - Silicon dioxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1620045343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+C%2C+Materials+for+optical+and+electronic+devices.&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+pressure+chemical+vapor+deposition+of+high+silica+SiO+sub%282%29-TiO+sub%282%29+antireflective+thin+films+for+glass+based+solar+panels&rft.au=Klobukowski%2C+Erik+R%3BTenhaeff%2C+Wyatt+E%3BMcCamy%2C+James+W%3BHarris%2C+Caroline+S%3BNarula%2C+Chaitanya+K&rft.aulast=Klobukowski&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=39&rft.spage=6188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+C%2C+Materials+for+optical+and+electronic+devices.&rft.issn=20507526&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3tc31465k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-02 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3tc31465k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Permafrost and organic layer interactions over a climate gradient in a discontinuous permafrost zone AN - 1492586263; 2014-005869 AB - Permafrost is tightly coupled to the organic soil layer, an interaction that mediates permafrost degradation in response to regional warming. We analyzed changes in permafrost occurrence and organic layer thickness (OLT) using more than 3000 soil pedons across a mean annual temperature (MAT) gradient. Cause and effect relationships between permafrost probability (PF), OLT, and other topographic factors were investigated using structural equation modeling in a multi-group analysis. Groups were defined by slope, soil texture type, and shallow ( or =28 cm) layers. The probability of observing permafrost sharply increased by 0.32 for every 10-cm OLT increase in shallow OLT soils (OLTs) due to an insulation effect, but PF decreased in deep OLT soils (OLTd) by 0.06 for every 10-cm increase. Across the MAT gradient, PF in sandy soils varied little, but PF in loamy and silty soils decreased substantially from cooler to warmer temperatures. The change in OLT was more heterogeneous across soil texture types-in some there was no change while in others OLTs soils thinned and/or OLTd soils thickened at warmer locations. Furthermore, when soil organic carbon was estimated using a relationship with thickness, the average increase in carbon in OLTd soils was almost four times greater compared to the average decrease in carbon in OLTs soils across all soil types. If soils follow a trajectory of warming that mimics the spatial gradients found today, then heterogeneities of permafrost degradation and organic layer thinning and thickening should be considered in the regional carbon balance. Copyright 2013 IOP Publishing Ltd JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Johnson, Kristofer D AU - Harden, Jennifer W AU - McGuire, A David AU - Clark, Mark AU - Yuan, Fengming AU - Finley, Andrew O Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - September 2013 EP - Paper No. 035028 PB - Institute of Physics and IOP Publishing, Bristol VL - 8 IS - 3 KW - United States KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - slopes KW - layered materials KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - spatial distribution KW - topography KW - mass balance KW - carbon KW - thickness KW - probability KW - heterogeneity KW - climate KW - soils KW - textures KW - drainage KW - statistical analysis KW - pedons KW - depth KW - models KW - univariate analysis KW - organic compounds KW - Alaska KW - landscapes KW - active layer KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492586263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Permafrost+and+organic+layer+interactions+over+a+climate+gradient+in+a+discontinuous+permafrost+zone&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Kristofer+D%3BHarden%2C+Jennifer+W%3BMcGuire%2C+A+David%3BClark%2C+Mark%3BYuan%2C+Fengming%3BFinley%2C+Andrew+O&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Kristofer&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=1748-9326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F8%2F3%2F035028 L2 - http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by IOP Publishing Ltd., London, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; Alaska; carbon; climate; climate change; degradation; depth; drainage; heterogeneity; landscapes; layered materials; mass balance; models; organic compounds; pedons; permafrost; probability; slopes; soils; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; temperature; textures; thickness; topography; United States; univariate analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extending the Arabidopsis flowering paradigm to a mass flowering phenomenon in the tropics AN - 1458540425; 18738716 AB - Flowering time is a critical life history trait, one that is shaped by evolution to maximize fecundity, reproductive success and fitness (Amasino ). This is especially true of annual plants where the cycle of floral initiation, pollination and seed production occur at regular intervals to ensure the survival of the species. In long-lived perennials, however, flowering can be an intermittent phenomenon and thus a challenge to understand. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Kobayashi et al. () tackle this particular challenge by applying modern-day molecular techniques to the 'spectacular and mysterious' mass flowering that takes places in mixed dipterocarp forests of South-East Asia. Here, amidst an almost unimaginable diversity of forbs, shrubs and trees, these authors used next-generation sequencing technology to characterize what they refer to as the 'ecological transcriptome' in an attempt to glimpse into the functional genomic reprogramming of Shorea beccariana at pre- and postflowering developmental transitions. They encountered many of the challenges that are often underappreciated yet typical for tropical ecological research including sample collection within a ~40-m high tree canopy, unpredictable flowering intervals and determining the most appropriate preflowering state for sampling. Despite these challenges, the authors were able to integrate gene ontology relationships with gene-clustering algorithms and environmental data to support the hypothesis that drought is a key trigger for flowering in S. beccariana. The cloning and transgenic expression of selected S. beccariana genes to corroborate presumed protein function is a key feature of their work and seldom applied within an ecological framework. As illustrated by Kobayashi et al. (), the inclusion of molecular biology, genomics and bioinformatics has the potential to shed light on long-standing questions of ecological concern. JF - Molecular Ecology AU - Weston, David J AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Tuskan, Gerald A AD - Biosciences Division. Oak Ridge National Laboratory PY - 2013 SP - 4603 EP - 4605 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 22 IS - 18 SN - 0962-1083, 0962-1083 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Fitness KW - Flowering KW - Pollination KW - Shrubs KW - Seeds KW - Data processing KW - Forbs KW - Algorithms KW - Forests KW - Survival KW - Gene expression KW - Fecundity KW - Life history KW - Arabidopsis KW - Bioinformatics KW - Canopies KW - Sampling KW - genomics KW - Shorea KW - Droughts KW - Breeding success KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1458540425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology&rft.atitle=Extending+the+Arabidopsis+flowering+paradigm+to+a+mass+flowering+phenomenon+in+the+tropics&rft.au=Weston%2C+David+J%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BTuskan%2C+Gerald+A&rft.aulast=Weston&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=4603&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology&rft.issn=09621083&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fmec.12473 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shrubs; Pollination; Flowering; Fitness; Seeds; Data processing; Forbs; Algorithms; Survival; Forests; Gene expression; Life history; Fecundity; genomics; Sampling; Canopies; Bioinformatics; Droughts; Breeding success; Arabidopsis; Shorea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.12473 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bicyclic imidazolium ionic liquids as potential electrolytes for rechargeable lithium ion batteries AN - 1448762347; 18680380 AB - A bicyclic imidazolium ionic liquids, 1-ethyl-2,3-trimethyleneimidazolium bis(tri fluoromethane sulfonyl) imide ([ETMIm][TFSI]), and reference imidazolium compounds, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide ([EMIm][TFSI]) and 1,2-dimethyl-3-butylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide ([DMBIm][TFSI]), were synthesized and investigated as solvents for lithium ion batteries. Although the alkylation at the C-2 position of the imidazolium ring does not affect the thermal stability of the ionic liquids, the stereochemical structure of the molecules has shown profound influences on the electrochemical properties of the corresponding ionic liquids. [ETMIm][TFSI] has better reduction stability than both [EMIm][TFSI] and [DMBIm][TFSI], as confirmed by both linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and theoretical calculation. Also, a relatively stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is formed in [ETMIm][TFSI], suggested by the time dependence of the impedance spectra of the Li parallel parallel Li cell. Furthermore, the Li parallel parallel graphite half-cell based on [BTMIm][TFSI] exhibits reversible capacity of 250 mA h g super(-1)and 70 mA h g super(-1) at 25 degree C, which increases to 330 mA h g super(-1) and 250 mA h g super(-1) at 50 degree C, under the current rate of C/20 and C/10, respectively. For comparison, the half-cell based on [DMBIm][TFSI] exhibits poor capacity retention under the same current rates at both temperatures. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Sun, X-G AU - Liao, C AU - Shao, N AU - Bell, J R AU - Guo, B AU - Luo, H AU - Jiang, D-E AU - Dai, S AD - Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6201, USA, sunx@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/09/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Sep 01 SP - 5 EP - 12 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 237 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - Temperature KW - Solvents KW - Voltammetry KW - Electrochemistry KW - Lithium KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448762347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Bicyclic+imidazolium+ionic+liquids+as+potential+electrolytes+for+rechargeable+lithium+ion+batteries&rft.au=Sun%2C+X-G%3BLiao%2C+C%3BShao%2C+N%3BBell%2C+J+R%3BGuo%2C+B%3BLuo%2C+H%3BJiang%2C+D-E%3BDai%2C+S&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=X-G&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=237&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electrolytes; Batteries; Solvents; Temperature; Electrochemistry; Voltammetry; Lithium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating traveler populations at airport and cruise terminals for population distribution and dynamics AN - 1443368377; 18669463 AB - In recent years, uses of high-resolution population distribution databases are increasing steadily for environmental, socioeconomic, public health, and disaster-related research and operations. With the development of daytime population distribution, temporal resolution of such databases has been improved. However, the lack of incorporation of transitional population, namely business and leisure travelers, leaves a significant population unaccounted for within the critical infrastructure networks, such as at transportation hubs. This paper presents two general methodologies for estimating passenger populations in airport and cruise port terminals at a high temporal resolution which can be incorporated into existing population distribution models. The methodologies are geographically scalable and are based on, and demonstrate how, two different transportation hubs with disparate temporal population dynamics can be modeled utilizing publicly available databases including novel data sources of flight activity from the Internet which are updated in near-real time. The airport population estimation model shows great potential for rapid implementation for a large collection of airports on a national scale, and the results suggest reasonable accuracy in the estimated passenger traffic. By incorporating population dynamics at high temporal resolutions into population distribution models, we hope to improve the estimates of populations exposed to or at risk to disasters, thereby improving emergency planning and response, and leading to more informed policy decisions. JF - Natural Hazards AU - Jochem, Warren C AU - Sims, Kelly AU - Bright, Edward A AU - Urban, Marie L AU - Rose, Amy N AU - Coleman, Phillip R AU - Bhaduri, Budhendra L AD - Geographic Information Science and Technology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS 6017, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6017, USA, bhaduribl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - Sep 2013 SP - 1325 EP - 1342 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 68 IS - 3 SN - 0921-030X, 0921-030X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Population Dynamics KW - Population dynamics KW - Population distribution KW - Public health KW - Infrastructure KW - Hazards KW - Public Health KW - Transportation KW - Populations KW - Temporal Distribution KW - Policies KW - Estimating KW - Disasters KW - Airports KW - Model Studies KW - Databases KW - Emergency preparedness KW - Emergencies KW - Internet KW - National planning KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - H 2000:Transportation KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - Q2 09124:Coastal zone management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1443368377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+Hazards&rft.atitle=Estimating+traveler+populations+at+airport+and+cruise+terminals+for+population+distribution+and+dynamics&rft.au=Jochem%2C+Warren+C%3BSims%2C+Kelly%3BBright%2C+Edward+A%3BUrban%2C+Marie+L%3BRose%2C+Amy+N%3BColeman%2C+Phillip+R%3BBhaduri%2C+Budhendra+L&rft.aulast=Jochem&rft.aufirst=Warren&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Natural+Hazards&rft.issn=0921030X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11069-012-0441-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazards; Policies; Disasters; Emergencies; Airports; Population dynamics; National planning; Public health; Infrastructure; Transportation; Emergency preparedness; Internet; Population distribution; Databases; Public Health; Estimating; Population Dynamics; Populations; Temporal Distribution; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012-0441-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Linked Science investigation: enhancing climate change data discovery with semantic technologies AN - 1434022682; 18476586 AB - Linked Science is the practice of inter-connecting scientific assets by publishing, sharing and linking scientific data and processes in end-to-end loosely coupled workflows that allow the sharing and re-use of scientific data. Much of this data does not live in the cloud or on the Web, but rather in multi-institutional data centers that provide tools and add value through quality assurance, validation, curation, dissemination, and analysis of the data. In this paper, we make the case for the use of scientific scenarios in Linked Science. We propose a scenario in river-channel transport that requires biogeochemical experimental data and global climate-simulation model data from many sources. We focus on the use of ontologies-formal machine-readable descriptions of the domain-to facilitate search and discovery of this data. Mercury, developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, is a tool for distributed metadata harvesting, search and retrieval. Mercury currently provides uniform access to more than 100,000 metadata records; 30,000 scientists use it each month. We augmented search in Mercury with ontologies, such as the ontologies in the Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology (SWEET) collection by prototyping a component that provides access to the ontology terms from Mercury. We evaluate the coverage of SWEET for the ORNL Distributed Active Archive Center (ORNL DAAC). JF - Earth Science Informatics AU - Pouchard, Line C AU - Branstetter, Marcia L AU - Cook, Robert B AU - Devarakonda, Ranjeet AU - Green, Jim AU - Palanisamy, Giri AU - Alexander, Paul AU - Noy, Natalya F AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, pouchardlc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - September 2013 SP - 175 EP - 185 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1865-0473, 1865-0473 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Informatics KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Quality assurance KW - Climate change KW - Data centers KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Clouds KW - Mercury KW - Environmental terminology KW - Harvesting KW - Technology KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434022682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+Science+Informatics&rft.atitle=A+Linked+Science+investigation%3A+enhancing+climate+change+data+discovery+with+semantic+technologies&rft.au=Pouchard%2C+Line+C%3BBranstetter%2C+Marcia+L%3BCook%2C+Robert+B%3BDevarakonda%2C+Ranjeet%3BGreen%2C+Jim%3BPalanisamy%2C+Giri%3BAlexander%2C+Paul%3BNoy%2C+Natalya+F&rft.aulast=Pouchard&rft.aufirst=Line&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+Science+Informatics&rft.issn=18650473&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12145-013-0118-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Climate change; Data centers; Biogeochemistry; Informatics; Quality assurance; Mercury; Harvesting; Environmental terminology; Technology; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12145-013-0118-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional Ion Defects in Transition Metal Oxides AN - 1559693690; 20374500 AB - Transition metal oxides exhibit an astonishing array of functionalities that result from a combination of the strongly polarizable metal-oxygen bond and the so-called strong correlations between the localized transition metal valence electrons. The polarizability of transition metal oxides causes a heightened sensitivity to external electric fields, which can be exploited in applications such as highly insulating dielectrics in microcapacitors. Strong electron correlations, which cause each valence electron to explicitly affect the response of all other valence electrons in the system, are believed to underlie exotic phenomena such as high-temperature superconductivity. The coexistence and cross-couplings between these functionalities (see the figure, panel A) enables materials properties that have led to the widespread use of oxides-for example, as piezoelectric transducers that convert mechanical energy to electrical energy-and may form the basis of new device paradigms, such as the control of magnetism with electric fields. JF - Science AU - Kalinin, Sergei V AU - Spaldin, Nicola A AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2013/08/23/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 23 SP - 858 EP - 859 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW Washington DC 20005 United States VL - 341 IS - 6148 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC) KW - Energy use KW - Transition metal oxides KW - Electric fields KW - Transition metals KW - Correlation KW - Superconductivity KW - Piezoelectric transducers KW - Arrays UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1559693690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Functional+Ion+Defects+in+Transition+Metal+Oxides&rft.au=Kalinin%2C+Sergei+V%3BSpaldin%2C+Nicola+A&rft.aulast=Kalinin&rft.aufirst=Sergei&rft.date=2013-08-23&rft.volume=341&rft.issue=6148&rft.spage=858&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1243098 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1243098 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In-situ observation of inhomogeneous degradation in large format Li-ion cells by neutron diffraction AN - 1448762335; 18680356 AB - This work presents a non-destructive in-situ method for probing degradation mechanisms in large format, operating, commercial lithium-ion batteries by neutron diffraction. A fresh battery (15 Ah capacity) was shown to have a uniform (homogeneous) local state of charge (SOC) at 4.0 V (9 Ah SOC) and 4.2 V (15 Ah SOC), with 1.33 C and 2.67 C charging rates, respectively. This battery was then aggressively cycled until it retained only a 9 Ah capacity, 60% of its original value. Inhomogeneous deterioration in the battery was observed: near the edges, both the graphite anode and the spinel-based cathode showed a significant loss of capacity, while near the central area, both electrodes functioned properly. An SOC mapping measurement of the degraded battery in the fully charged state (4.2 V) indicated that the loss of local capacity of the anode and cathode is coupled. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Cai, L AU - An, K AU - Feng, Z AU - Liang, C AU - Harris, S J AD - Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, kean@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/08/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 15 SP - 163 EP - 168 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 236 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Batteries KW - Degradation KW - Electrodes KW - Mapping KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448762335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=In-situ+observation+of+inhomogeneous+degradation+in+large+format+Li-ion+cells+by+neutron+diffraction&rft.au=Cai%2C+L%3BAn%2C+K%3BFeng%2C+Z%3BLiang%2C+C%3BHarris%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Cai&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-08-15&rft.volume=236&rft.issue=&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Degradation; Batteries; Electrodes; Mapping ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sipros/ProRata: a versatile informatics system for quantitative community proteomics AN - 1427004188; 18315497 AB - Summary: Sipros/ProRata is an open-source software package for end-to-end data analysis in a wide variety of community proteomics measurements. A database-searching program, Sipros 3.0, was developed for accurate general-purpose protein identification and broad-range post-translational modification searches. Hybrid Message Passing Interface/OpenMP parallelism of the new Sipros architecture allowed its computation to be scalable from desktops to supercomputers. The upgraded ProRata 3.0 performs label-free quantification and isobaric chemical labeling quantification in addition to metabolic labeling quantification. Sipros/ProRata is a versatile informatics system that enables identification and quantification of proteins and their variants in many types of community proteomics studies.Availability: Both programs are freely available under the GNU GPL license at Sipros.omicsbio.org and ProRata.omicsbio.org. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Wang, Yingfeng AU - Ahn, Tae-Hyuk AU - Li, Zhou AU - Pan, Chongle AD - super(1)Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory and super(2)Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, 37831 TN, USA Y1 - 2013/08/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 15 SP - 2064 EP - 2065 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 29 IS - 16 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Data processing KW - Post-translation KW - Informatics KW - Hybrids KW - proteomics KW - Bioinformatics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1427004188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Sipros%2FProRata%3A+a+versatile+informatics+system+for+quantitative+community+proteomics&rft.au=Wang%2C+Yingfeng%3BAhn%2C+Tae-Hyuk%3BLi%2C+Zhou%3BPan%2C+Chongle&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Yingfeng&rft.date=2013-08-15&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=2064&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtt329 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; software; Data processing; Post-translation; Informatics; Hybrids; Bioinformatics; proteomics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt329 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Spatial and temporal variation in peat pore water chemistry of a northern peatland: Reference conditions of a large-scale climate change experiment (SPRUCE) T2 - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AN - 1496736041; 6258298 JF - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AU - Griffiths, Natalie AU - Sebestyen, Stephen Y1 - 2013/08/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 04 KW - Climatic changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1496736041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.atitle=Spatial+and+temporal+variation+in+peat+pore+water+chemistry+of+a+northern+peatland%3A+Reference+conditions+of+a+large-scale+climate+change+experiment+%28SPRUCE%29&rft.au=Griffiths%2C+Natalie%3BSebestyen%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Griffiths&rft.aufirst=Natalie&rft.date=2013-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Seasonal and spatial carbon assimilation patterns in black spruce; assessing temperature impacts at canopy level T2 - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AN - 1493791310; 6257456 JF - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AU - Jensen, Anna AU - Warren, Jeffrey AU - Hanson, Paul AU - Childs, Joanne AU - Gunderson, Carla AU - Weston, David AU - Wullschleger, Stan Y1 - 2013/08/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 04 KW - Seasonal variations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1493791310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.atitle=Seasonal+and+spatial+carbon+assimilation+patterns+in+black+spruce%3B+assessing+temperature+impacts+at+canopy+level&rft.au=Jensen%2C+Anna%3BWarren%2C+Jeffrey%3BHanson%2C+Paul%3BChilds%2C+Joanne%3BGunderson%2C+Carla%3BWeston%2C+David%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan&rft.aulast=Jensen&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2013-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Whole-ecosystem warming and CO2 manipulation to assess ombrotrophic bog responses to hypothetical future environments T2 - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AN - 1493788222; 6258301 JF - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AU - Hanson, Paul AU - Barbier, Charlotte AU - Riggs, Jeff AU - Kolka, Randall AU - Sebestyen, Steven AU - Griffiths, Natalie AU - Hook, Les AU - Iversen, Colleen AU - Warren, Jeffrey AU - Weston, David AU - Norby, Richard Y1 - 2013/08/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 04 KW - Carbon dioxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1493788222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.atitle=Whole-ecosystem+warming+and+CO2+manipulation+to+assess+ombrotrophic+bog+responses+to+hypothetical+future+environments&rft.au=Hanson%2C+Paul%3BBarbier%2C+Charlotte%3BRiggs%2C+Jeff%3BKolka%2C+Randall%3BSebestyen%2C+Steven%3BGriffiths%2C+Natalie%3BHook%2C+Les%3BIversen%2C+Colleen%3BWarren%2C+Jeffrey%3BWeston%2C+David%3BNorby%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2013-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Belowground considerations in defining plant functional types: Can we characterize and represent root functional types? T2 - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AN - 1493787148; 6256853 JF - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AU - Iversen, Colleen Y1 - 2013/08/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 04 KW - Roots UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1493787148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.atitle=Belowground+considerations+in+defining+plant+functional+types%3A+Can+we+characterize+and+represent+root+functional+types%3F&rft.au=Iversen%2C+Colleen&rft.aulast=Iversen&rft.aufirst=Colleen&rft.date=2013-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Remote sensing of tundra plant functional types T2 - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AN - 1493786652; 6256856 JF - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AU - Goswami, Santonu AU - Huemmrich, Karl AU - Gamon, John AU - Tweedie, Craig Y1 - 2013/08/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 04 KW - Remote sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1493786652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.atitle=Remote+sensing+of+tundra+plant+functional+types&rft.au=Goswami%2C+Santonu%3BHuemmrich%2C+Karl%3BGamon%2C+John%3BTweedie%2C+Craig&rft.aulast=Goswami&rft.aufirst=Santonu&rft.date=2013-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Spatial and temporal heterogeneity in bog enzymes and their temperature responses T2 - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AN - 1493786072; 6257896 JF - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AU - Steinweg, J AU - Kostka, Joel AU - Hanson, Paul AU - Schadt, Christopher Y1 - 2013/08/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 04 KW - Temperature effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1493786072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.atitle=Spatial+and+temporal+heterogeneity+in+bog+enzymes+and+their+temperature+responses&rft.au=Steinweg%2C+J%3BKostka%2C+Joel%3BHanson%2C+Paul%3BSchadt%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Steinweg&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - 'From near to far, from here to there, funny things are everywhere' T2 - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AN - 1493785745; 6258123 JF - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AU - Iversen, Colleen AU - Walker, Anthony AU - Childs, Joanne AU - Norby, Richard Y1 - 2013/08/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 04 KW - Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1493785745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.atitle=%27From+near+to+far%2C+from+here+to+there%2C+funny+things+are+everywhere%27&rft.au=Iversen%2C+Colleen%3BWalker%2C+Anthony%3BChilds%2C+Joanne%3BNorby%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Iversen&rft.aufirst=Colleen&rft.date=2013-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Imputation of continuous tree suitability over the Continental United States from sparse measurements T2 - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AN - 1493783743; 6257015 JF - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Hargrove, William AU - Hoffman, Forrest AU - Potter, Kevin Y1 - 2013/08/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 04 KW - USA UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1493783743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.atitle=Imputation+of+continuous+tree+suitability+over+the+Continental+United+States+from+sparse+measurements&rft.au=Kumar%2C+Jitendra%3BHargrove%2C+William%3BHoffman%2C+Forrest%3BPotter%2C+Kevin&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Jitendra&rft.date=2013-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Plant and soil nitrogen relationships across polygonal ground at Barrow, Alaska T2 - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AN - 1493783612; 6256859 JF - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AU - Norby, Richard AU - Sloan, Victoria AU - Iversen, Colleen AU - Childs, Joanne Y1 - 2013/08/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 04 KW - USA, Alaska, Barrow UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1493783612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.atitle=Plant+and+soil+nitrogen+relationships+across+polygonal+ground+at+Barrow%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Norby%2C+Richard%3BSloan%2C+Victoria%3BIversen%2C+Colleen%3BChilds%2C+Joanne&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2013-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Substrate and environmental controls on microbial assimilation of soil organic carbon: A modeling framework T2 - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AN - 1493782097; 6257680 JF - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AU - Xu, Xiaofeng AU - Schimel, Joshua AU - Thornton, Peter AU - Yuan, Fengming AU - Song, Xia AU - Goswami, Santonu Y1 - 2013/08/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 04 KW - Organic carbon UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1493782097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.atitle=Substrate+and+environmental+controls+on+microbial+assimilation+of+soil+organic+carbon%3A+A+modeling+framework&rft.au=Xu%2C+Xiaofeng%3BSchimel%2C+Joshua%3BThornton%2C+Peter%3BYuan%2C+Fengming%3BSong%2C+Xia%3BGoswami%2C+Santonu&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Xiaofeng&rft.date=2013-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Representativeness-based sampling network design for the Arctic T2 - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AN - 1493781278; 6256728 JF - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AU - Hoffman, Forrest AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Mills, Richard AU - Hargrove, William Y1 - 2013/08/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 04 KW - Arctic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1493781278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.atitle=Representativeness-based+sampling+network+design+for+the+Arctic&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+Forrest%3BKumar%2C+Jitendra%3BMills%2C+Richard%3BHargrove%2C+William&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Forrest&rft.date=2013-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The vicious cycles of a changing Arctic: Global-scale ecosystem-climate feedbacks T2 - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AN - 1493780338; 6258118 JF - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AU - Hayes, Daniel Y1 - 2013/08/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 04 KW - Arctic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1493780338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.atitle=The+vicious+cycles+of+a+changing+Arctic%3A+Global-scale+ecosystem-climate+feedbacks&rft.au=Hayes%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2013-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Arctic landscapes in a warming climate - Witnessing the big thaw T2 - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AN - 1493780265; 6258122 JF - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AU - Wullschleger, Stan Y1 - 2013/08/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 04 KW - Arctic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1493780265?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.atitle=Arctic+landscapes+in+a+warming+climate+-+Witnessing+the+big+thaw&rft.au=Wullschleger%2C+Stan&rft.aulast=Wullschleger&rft.aufirst=Stan&rft.date=2013-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Plant functional types in Earth System Models: Progress, plans, and future directions T2 - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AN - 1493779556; 6256857 JF - 98th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2013) AU - Wullschleger, Stan AU - Xu, Xiaofeng AU - Epstein, Howard Y1 - 2013/08/04/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 04 KW - Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1493779556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.atitle=Plant+functional+types+in+Earth+System+Models%3A+Progress%2C+plans%2C+and+future+directions&rft.au=Wullschleger%2C+Stan%3BXu%2C+Xiaofeng%3BEpstein%2C+Howard&rft.aulast=Wullschleger&rft.aufirst=Stan&rft.date=2013-08-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=98th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical and geophysical responses during the infiltration of fresh water into the contaminated saprolite of the Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge site, Tennessee AN - 1464885064; 2013-095560 AB - At the Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) site, Tennessee, the saprolitic aquifer was contaminated by leaks from the former S-3 disposal ponds between 1951 and 1983. The chemistry of the contaminant plume is also episodically impacted by fresh meteoritic water infiltrating vertically from a shallow variably saturated perched zone and the ditch surrounding the former S-3 ponds. We performed a column experiment using saprolite from the contaminated aquifer to understand the geochemical and complex electrical conductivity signatures associated with such events. The changes in the pH and pore water ionic strength are responsible for measurable changes in both the in-phase and quadrature conductivities. The pore water conductivity can be related to the nitrate concentration (the main ionic species in the plume) while the release of uranium is controlled by the pH. We developed a simple model to determine the pore water conductivity and pH from the recorded complex conductivity. This model is applied to time-lapse resistivity data at the IFRC site. Time-lapse inversion of resistivity data, performed with an active time constrain approach, shows the occurrence of an infiltration event during the winter of 2008-2009 with a dilution of the pore water chemistry and an increase of the pH. A simple numerical simulation of the infiltration of fresh water into the unconfined contaminated aquifer is consistent with this scenario. Abstract Copyright (2013), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Revil, A AU - Wu, Y AU - Karaoulis, M AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Watson, D B AU - Eppehimer, J D Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 4952 EP - 4970 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 49 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - electrical conductivity KW - numerical models KW - contaminant plumes KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - fresh water KW - resistivity KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - saprolite KW - infiltration KW - digital simulation KW - time-lapse methods KW - Tennessee KW - induced polarization KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464885064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Geochemical+and+geophysical+responses+during+the+infiltration+of+fresh+water+into+the+contaminated+saprolite+of+the+Oak+Ridge+Integrated+Field+Research+Challenge+site%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Revil%2C+A%3BWu%2C+Y%3BKaraoulis%2C+M%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BWatson%2C+D+B%3BEppehimer%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Revil&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4952&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20380 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anderson County Tennessee; aquifers; contaminant plumes; data processing; digital simulation; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; fresh water; geophysical methods; ground water; induced polarization; infiltration; numerical models; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pH; pollution; resistivity; saprolite; Tennessee; time-lapse methods; United States; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20380 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forward prediction of height-averaged capillary pressure-saturation parameters using the BC-vG Upscaler AN - 1434006982; 2013-073791 AB - There is ongoing interest in approaches for upscaling point (e.g., pixel or voxel scale) measurements of soil hydraulic properties to predict column-scale behavior in the laboratory, or even field-scale processes. We have developed the BC-vG Upscaler for estimating the height-averaged capillary pressure-saturation relationship, theta (lambda ) , for a given porous medium based on equations used in the TrueCell program. Whereas TrueCell inversely estimates point Brooks and Corey (BC) equation parameters from theta (lambda ) data, the BC-vG Upscaler uses point BC parameters as inputs for the forward prediction of height-averaged van Genuchten (vG) parameters. The BC-vG Upscaler was verified using previously published, independent point and height-averaged capillary pressure-saturation data sets for silica sand. The capability of the BC-vG Upscaler was demonstrated in three separate applications. The first showed how the program can be used to predict height-averaged vG equation parameters using three different relationships between n and m. The second explored the effects of varying column height on the predicted vG parameters for a hypothetical porous medium. The third used the BC-vG Upscaler to predict height-averaged vG parameters for a 50-cm-tall column based on previously published point BC parameters for a wide range of porous media. The BC-vG Upscaler is available free upon request. It should prove useful for converting point BC parameters into height-averaged vG parameters suitable for inclusion in numerical models for simulating variably saturated flow. The program could also be used to develop new scale-dependent relationships between the parameters of the BC and vG equations. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Cheng, C L AU - Perfect, E AU - Mills, R T Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 9 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 12 IS - 3 KW - United States KW - sand KW - Washington KW - numerical models KW - capillary pressure KW - clastic sediments KW - Paleozoic KW - Berea Sandstone KW - unsaturated zone KW - TrueCell KW - Hanford Site KW - porous materials KW - Brooks and Corey-van Genuchten Upscaler KW - Brooks and Corey equation KW - saturation KW - sediments KW - hydrodynamics KW - water content KW - van Genuchten parameters KW - BC-vG Upscaler KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434006982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Forward+prediction+of+height-averaged+capillary+pressure-saturation+parameters+using+the+BC-vG+Upscaler&rft.au=Cheng%2C+C+L%3BPerfect%2C+E%3BMills%2C+R+T&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2012.0174 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - PEDOFRACT 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BC-vG Upscaler; Berea Sandstone; Brooks and Corey equation; Brooks and Corey-van Genuchten Upscaler; capillary pressure; clastic sediments; Hanford Site; hydrodynamics; numerical models; Paleozoic; porous materials; sand; saturation; sediments; TrueCell; United States; unsaturated zone; van Genuchten parameters; Washington; water content DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2012.0174 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diffusivity and sorptivity of Berea Sandstone determined using neutron radiography AN - 1434005707; 2013-073793 AB - Neutron radiography is increasingly being used to study the dynamics of water movement in variably saturated porous media. It has been applied to visualize water imbibition in both natural and engineered materials, including soil, rock, brick, concrete, and glass. The sorptivity, S, and unsaturated diffusivity, D(theta ), are important parameters for describing water movement under partially saturated conditions. Estimates of S and D(theta ) have been obtained using a variety of techniques, including neutron imaging. However, we could find no previous reports of such measurements for the Berea sandstone, regardless of the method employed. Berea sandstone is a widespread, medium- to fine-grained terrestrial sandstone of Mississippian age that is used extensively as a standard porous medium in the geology and petroleum engineering fields. We used the CG-1D neutron imaging facility at the High Flux Isotope Reactor of Oak Ridge National Laboratory to estimate S and D(theta ) from radiographs acquired every 26 s. A 25 mu m thick LiF/ZnS scintillator was employed in conjunction with a DW936 IkonL ANDOR charge coupled device (CCD) camera system, giving a spatial imaging resolution of approximately 75 mu m. Four replicate cores were investigated. The positions of the observed wetting fronts were linearly regressed against the square root of time. Sorptivity values calculated from the slopes of these relations ranged from 0.89 to 1.46 mm s (super -1/2) . Further analysis yielded D(theta ) functions. These functions were very reproducible and showed good agreement with independent D(theta ) values calculated from relative permeability and capillary pressure-saturation data for Berea sandstone. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first published estimates of S and D(theta ) for Berea sandstone. Our results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of neutron imaging in providing high quality, quantitative data for the computation of unsaturated flow parameters. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Kang, M AU - Perfect, E AU - Cheng, C L AU - Bilheux, H Z AU - Gragg, M AU - Wright, D M AU - Lamanna, J M AU - Horita, J AU - Warren, J M Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 8 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 12 IS - 3 KW - United States KW - Mississippian KW - sorption KW - imagery KW - neutron methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - sandstone KW - sorptivity KW - cores KW - visualization KW - spatial distribution KW - sedimentary rocks KW - movement KW - hydrodynamics KW - wetting fronts KW - geochemistry KW - diffusivity KW - water KW - Paleozoic KW - Carboniferous KW - Berea Sandstone KW - porous materials KW - equations KW - radiography KW - imbibition KW - clastic rocks KW - wetting KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434005707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Diffusivity+and+sorptivity+of+Berea+Sandstone+determined+using+neutron+radiography&rft.au=Kang%2C+M%3BPerfect%2C+E%3BCheng%2C+C+L%3BBilheux%2C+H+Z%3BGragg%2C+M%3BWright%2C+D+M%3BLamanna%2C+J+M%3BHorita%2C+J%3BWarren%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Kang&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2012.0135 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - PEDOFRACT 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Berea Sandstone; Carboniferous; clastic rocks; cores; diffusivity; equations; geochemistry; hydrodynamics; imagery; imbibition; Mississippian; movement; neutron methods; Paleozoic; porous materials; radiography; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; sorption; sorptivity; spatial distribution; United States; unsaturated zone; visualization; water; wetting; wetting fronts DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2012.0135 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probing the deep critical zone beneath the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico AN - 1429840707; 2013-070615 AB - Recent work has suggested that weathering processes occurring in the subsurface produce the majority of silicate weathering products discharged to the world's oceans, thereby exerting a primary control on global temperature via the well-known positive feedback between silicate weathering and CO (sub 2) . In addition, chemical and physical weathering processes deep within the critical zone create aquifers and control groundwater chemistry, watershed geometry and regolith formation rates. Despite this, most weathering studies are restricted to the shallow critical zone (e.g. soils, outcrops). Here we investigate the chemical weathering, fracturing and geomorphology of the deep critical zone in the Bisley watershed in the Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory, Puerto Rico, from two boreholes drilled to 37.2 and 27.0 m depth, from which continuous core samples were taken. Corestones exposed aboveground were also sampled. Weathered rinds developed on exposed corestones and along fracture surfaces on subsurface rocks slough off of exposed corestones once rinds attain a thickness up to approximately 1 cm, preventing the corestones from rounding due to diffusion limitation. Such corestones at the land surface are assumed to be what remains after exhumation of similar, fractured bedrock pieces that were observed in the drilled cores between thick layers of regolith. Some of these subsurface corestones are massive and others are highly fractured, whereas aboveground corestones are generally massive with little to no apparent fracturing. Subsurface corestones are larger and less fractured in the borehole drilled on a road where it crosses a ridge compared with the borehole drilled where the road crosses the stream channel. Both borehole profiles indicate that the weathering zone extends to well below the stream channel in this upland catchment; hence weathering depth is not controlled by the stream level within the catchment and not all of the water in the watershed is discharged to the stream. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms AU - Buss, H L AU - Brantley, S L AU - Scatena, F N AU - Bazilievskaya, E A AU - Blum, A AU - Schulz, M AU - Jimenez, R AU - White, A F AU - Rother, G AU - Cole, D Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 1170 EP - 1186 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 38 IS - 10 SN - 0197-9337, 0197-9337 KW - silicates KW - Greater Antilles KW - physical weathering KW - Luquillo Mountains KW - Puerto Rico KW - mass movements KW - drainage basins KW - drilling KW - geochemistry KW - processes KW - bedrock KW - chemical weathering KW - landform evolution KW - West Indies KW - Caribbean region KW - Luquillo Experimental Forest KW - weathering KW - models KW - saprolite KW - landslides KW - Antilles KW - boreholes KW - geomorphology KW - regolith KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429840707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+Surface+Processes+and+Landforms&rft.atitle=Probing+the+deep+critical+zone+beneath+the+Luquillo+Experimental+Forest%2C+Puerto+Rico&rft.au=Buss%2C+H+L%3BBrantley%2C+S+L%3BScatena%2C+F+N%3BBazilievskaya%2C+E+A%3BBlum%2C+A%3BSchulz%2C+M%3BJimenez%2C+R%3BWhite%2C+A+F%3BRother%2C+G%3BCole%2C+D&rft.aulast=Buss&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1170&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+Surface+Processes+and+Landforms&rft.issn=01979337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fesp.3409 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/117935722/grouphome/home.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - CODEN - ESPRDT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antilles; bedrock; boreholes; Caribbean region; chemical weathering; drainage basins; drilling; geochemistry; geomorphology; Greater Antilles; landform evolution; landslides; Luquillo Experimental Forest; Luquillo Mountains; mass movements; models; physical weathering; processes; Puerto Rico; regolith; saprolite; silicates; weathering; West Indies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.3409 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic development of the protein corona on silica nanoparticles: composition and role in toxicity. AN - 1372702058; 23736871 AB - The formation and composition of the protein corona on silica (SiO2) nanoparticles (NP) with different surface chemistries was evaluated over time. Native SiO2, amine (-NH2) and carboxy (-COO(-)) modified NP were examined following incubation in mammalian growth media containing fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 1, 4, 24 and 48 hours. The protein corona transition from its early dynamic state to the later more stable corona was evaluated using mass spectrometry. The NP diameter was 22.4 ± 2.2 nm measured by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Changes in hydrodynamic diameter and agglomeration kinetics were studied using dynamic light scattering (DLS). The initial surface chemistry of the NP played an important role in the development and final composition of the protein corona, impacting agglomeration kinetics and NP toxicity. Particle toxicity, indicated by changes in membrane integrity and mitochondrial activity, was measured by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and tetrazolium reduction (MTT), respectively, in mouse alveolar macrophages (RAW264.7) and mouse lung epithelial cells (C10). SiO2-COO(-) NP had a slower agglomeration rate, formed smaller aggregates, and exhibited lower cytotoxicity compared to SiO2 and SiO2-NH2. Composition of the protein corona for each of the three NP was unique, indicating a strong dependence of corona development on NP surface chemistry. This work underscores the need to understand all aspects of NP toxicity, particularly the influence of agglomeration on effective dose and particle size. Furthermore, the interplay between materials and local biological environment is emphasized and highlights the need to conduct toxicity profiling under physiologically relevant conditions that provide an appropriate estimation of material modifications that occur during exposure in natural environments. JF - Nanoscale AU - Mortensen, Ninell P AU - Hurst, Gregory B AU - Wang, Wei AU - Foster, Carmen M AU - Nallathamby, Prakash D AU - Retterer, Scott T AD - Biological and Nanoscale Systems Group, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. Y1 - 2013/07/21/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jul 21 SP - 6372 EP - 6380 VL - 5 IS - 14 KW - Proteins KW - 0 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Mitochondria -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Cell Line KW - Proteins -- chemistry KW - Metal Nanoparticles -- toxicity KW - Metal Nanoparticles -- chemistry KW - Proteins -- metabolism KW - Silicon Dioxide -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372702058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanoscale&rft.atitle=Dynamic+development+of+the+protein+corona+on+silica+nanoparticles%3A+composition+and+role+in+toxicity.&rft.au=Mortensen%2C+Ninell+P%3BHurst%2C+Gregory+B%3BWang%2C+Wei%3BFoster%2C+Carmen+M%3BNallathamby%2C+Prakash+D%3BRetterer%2C+Scott+T&rft.aulast=Mortensen&rft.aufirst=Ninell&rft.date=2013-07-21&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=6372&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanoscale&rft.issn=2040-3372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3nr33280b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-01-30 N1 - Date created - 2013-06-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3nr33280b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards the selective modification of soft-templated mesoporous carbon materials by elemental fluorine for energy storage devices AN - 1562674010; 20518645 AB - Graphite fluoride is classified into (CF) sub(n) and (C sub(2)F) sub(n) types based on its structure and composition. The former (CF) sub(n) has been widely prepared and commercially utilized as electrodes in primary lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Porous electrodes, i.e.templated mesoporous carbons, can greatly improve first Coulombic efficiencies. For achieving the highest discharge potentials and rate capabilities, the extent of fluorination reactions and the retention of a conductive carbon backbone are required. Hence, the choice of the starting carbon nanomaterial and of the fluorination conditions is detrimental to the design of future energy storage and conversion devices, namely LIBs and pseudosupercapacitors. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Adcock, Jamie L AU - Fulvio, Pasquale F AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Department of Chemistry; University of Tennessee; Knoxville; Tennessee 37996; USA; , fulviopf@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - Jul 2013 SP - 9327 EP - 9331 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 1 IS - 33 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Storage KW - Fluorine KW - Batteries KW - Fluoride KW - Energy KW - Electrodes KW - Sustainability KW - Lithium KW - Nanotechnology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562674010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Towards+the+selective+modification+of+soft-templated+mesoporous+carbon+materials+by+elemental+fluorine+for+energy+storage+devices&rft.au=Adcock%2C+Jamie+L%3BFulvio%2C+Pasquale+F%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Adcock&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=33&rft.spage=9327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta10700k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fluorine; Storage; Batteries; Fluoride; Energy; Electrodes; Lithium; Sustainability; Nanotechnology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta10700k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modern approaches to studying gas adsorption in nanoporous carbons AN - 1562673980; 20518646 AB - Conventional approaches to understanding the gas adsorption capacity of nanoporous carbons have emphasized the relationship with the effective surface area, but more recent work has demonstrated the importance of local structures and pore-size-dependent adsorption. These developments provide new insights into local structures in nanoporous carbon and their effect on gas adsorption and uptake characteristics. Experiments and theory show that appropriately tuned pores can strongly enhance local adsorption, and that pore sizes can be used to tune adsorption characteristics. In the case of H sub(2) adsorbed on nanostructured carbon, quasielastic and inelastic neutron scattering probes demonstrate novel quantum effects in the motion of adsorbed molecules. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Morris, J R AU - Contescu, C I AU - Chisholm, M F AU - Cooper, V R AU - Guo, J AU - He, L AU - Ihm, Y AU - Mamontov, E AU - Melnichenko, Y B AU - Olsen, R J AU - Pennycook, S J AU - Stone, M B AU - Zhang, H AU - Gallego, N C AD - Materials Science and Technology Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA; , morrisj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - Jul 2013 SP - 9341 EP - 9350 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 1 IS - 33 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Energy KW - Surface area KW - Adsorption KW - Uptake KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562673980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Modern+approaches+to+studying+gas+adsorption+in+nanoporous+carbons&rft.au=Morris%2C+J+R%3BContescu%2C+C+I%3BChisholm%2C+M+F%3BCooper%2C+V+R%3BGuo%2C+J%3BHe%2C+L%3BIhm%2C+Y%3BMamontov%2C+E%3BMelnichenko%2C+Y+B%3BOlsen%2C+R+J%3BPennycook%2C+S+J%3BStone%2C+M+B%3BZhang%2C+H%3BGallego%2C+N+C&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=33&rft.spage=9341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta10701a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Surface area; Energy; Adsorption; Uptake; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta10701a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluorination of "brick and mortar" soft-templated graphitic ordered mesoporous carbons for high power lithium-ion battery AN - 1562672419; 20518647 AB - Ordered mesoporous carbon-graphitic carbon composites prepared by the "brick and mortar" method were fluorinated using F sub(2) and investigated as cathodes for primary lithium batteries. The resulting materials have a rich array of C-F species, as measured by XPS, which influence conduction and voltage profiles. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Fulvio, Pasquale F AU - Veith, Gabriel M AU - Adcock, Jamie L AU - Brown, Suree S AU - Mayes, Richard T AU - Wang, Xiqing AU - Mahurin, Shannon M AU - Guo, Bingkun AU - Sun, Xiao-Guang AU - Puretzky, Alex A AU - Rouleau, Christopher M AU - Geohegan, David B AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Chemical Sciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; Tennessee 37831; USA; +1-865-576-5235; +1-865-576-7307; , dais@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - Jul 2013 SP - 9414 EP - 9417 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 1 IS - 33 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Composite materials KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Lithium KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562672419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Fluorination+of+%22brick+and+mortar%22+soft-templated+graphitic+ordered+mesoporous+carbons+for+high+power+lithium-ion+battery&rft.au=Fulvio%2C+Pasquale+F%3BVeith%2C+Gabriel+M%3BAdcock%2C+Jamie+L%3BBrown%2C+Suree+S%3BMayes%2C+Richard+T%3BWang%2C+Xiqing%3BMahurin%2C+Shannon+M%3BGuo%2C+Bingkun%3BSun%2C+Xiao-Guang%3BPuretzky%2C+Alex+A%3BRouleau%2C+Christopher+M%3BGeohegan%2C+David+B%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Fulvio&rft.aufirst=Pasquale&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=33&rft.spage=9414&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta10710h LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Composite materials; Batteries; Energy; Sustainability; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta10710h ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeophysical investigations of the former S-3 ponds contaminant plumes, Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge Site, Tennessee AN - 1477832940; 2014-004284 AB - At the Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge site, near Oak Ridge, Tennessee, contaminants from the former S-3 ponds have infiltrated the shallow saprolite for over 60 years. Two- and three-dimensional DC-resistivity tomography is used to characterize the number and location of the main contaminant plumes, which include high concentration of nitrate. These contaminant plumes have typically an electrical resistivity in the range 2-20 ohm-m while the background saprolite resistivity is in the range 60-120 ohm-m, so the difference of resistivity can be easily mapped using DC-resistivity tomography to locate the contaminant pathways. We develop a relationship to derive the in situ nitrate concentrations from the 3D resistivity tomograms accounting for the effect of surface conductivity. The footprint of the contamination upon the resistivity is found to be much stronger than the local variations associated with changes in the porosity and the clay content. With this method, we identified a total of five main plumes (termed CP1 to CP5). Plume CP2 corresponds to the main plume in terms of nitrate concentration ( approximately 50,000 mL (super -1) ). We also used an active time constrained approach to perform time-lapse resistivity tomography over a section crossing the plumes CP1 and CP2. The sequence of tomograms is used to determine the changes in the nitrate concentrations associated with infiltration of fresh (meteoritic) water from a perched aquifer. This study highlights the importance of accounting for surface conductivity when characterizing plume distributions in clay-rich subsurface systems. JF - Geophysics AU - Revil, A AU - Skold, M AU - Karaoulis, M AU - Schmutz, M AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Mehlhorn, T L AU - Watson, D B Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - July 2013 SP - EN29 EP - EN41 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 78 IS - 4 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - electrical conductivity KW - geophysical surveys KW - contaminant plumes KW - data acquisition KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - resistivity KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - saprolite KW - ponds KW - direct-current methods KW - time-lapse methods KW - Tennessee KW - surveys KW - water pollution KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477832940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Hydrogeophysical+investigations+of+the+former+S-3+ponds+contaminant+plumes%2C+Oak+Ridge+Integrated+Field+Research+Challenge+Site%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Revil%2C+A%3BSkold%2C+M%3BKaraoulis%2C+M%3BSchmutz%2C+M%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BMehlhorn%2C+T+L%3BWatson%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Revil&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=EN29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2012-0177.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; contaminant plumes; data acquisition; data processing; direct-current methods; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; nitrates; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollution; ponds; resistivity; saprolite; surveys; Tennessee; time-lapse methods; tomography; United States; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0177.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Spatially Disaggregated Areal Interpolation Model Using Light Detection and Ranging-Derived Building Volumes AN - 1419364860; 18281140 AB - Dasymetric areal interpolation is the process by which data are transferred from a spatial unit system for which they are available (source units) to another system for which they are required (target units) with the aid of ancillary information (control units). We propose a spatially disaggregated areal interpolation model for population data using light detection and ranging (LiDAR)-derived building volumes as an ancillary variable. Innovative methods are proposed for model initialization, iterative regression and adjustment, and stopping criteria to deal effectively with control units of unequal size. The model is derived and applied at the control unit level to minimize the modifiable areal unit problem, and an iterative adjustment process is utilized to overcome the spatial heterogeneity problem encountered in earlier approaches. The use of building volume to disaggregate the population into finer scales ensures maximum correspondence with the unit at which the original population data were collected and models not only the horizontal but also the vertical population distribution. A case study for Round Rock, Texas, demonstrates that the proposed spatially disaggregated model using LiDAR-derived building volumes outperforms earlier areal interpolation models using traditional area- and length-based ancillary variables.Original Abstract: 密 度 区 域 插 值 是 在 ๚ 1; 助 信 息 的 帮 助 下 (控 & #21046; 元 ),从 一 个 可 测 空  8388; 单 元 系 统 (源 单 元 )ů 16; 换 至 所 需 空 间 单 元 & #31995; 统 (目 标 元 )的 过 程  6412; 文 提 出 了 一 个 利 用 ; 激 光 雷 达 (LiDAR)测 量 建  569; 物 体 积 作 为 辅 助 变 量 的 人 口 数 据 空 间  998; 解 区 域 插 值 模 型 (SDAIM), 一 系 列 创 新 方 法 用  110; 模 型 初 始 化 迭 代 回 归 和 调 整 方  7861; ,并 给 出 了 可 有 效 处 理 不 等 大 小 控  1046; 单 元 的 停 止 准 则 该 模 型 从 控 制 单 元  3618; 次 来 最 小 化 可 变 区 ; 域 单 元 问 题 (MAUP), 并 通 过 迭 代 调 整 过  1243; 来 克 服 现 有 方 法 中 ; 的 空 间 异 质 性 问 题  1033; 用 建 筑 物 体 积 将 从 更 精 细 尺 度 进 行  0154; 口 空 间 分 解 ,保 证 了 原 始 人 口 数 据 与  7169; 型 的 符 合 度 达 到 最 ; 大 ,且 模 型 可 同 时 反 &# 26144; 人 口 的 水 平 与 垂 直 分 布 特 征 以 德 克  3832; 斯 州 的 Round Rock城 市 为 例 ,验 证 了 SDAIM& #26041; 法 优 于 已 有 基 于 ƃ 54; 积 和 长 度 辅 助 变 量 & #30340; 区 域 插 值 方 法 JF - Geographical Analysis AU - Sridharan, Harini AU - Qiu, Fang AD - Geographic Information Science & Technology. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - Jul 2013 SP - 238 EP - 258 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 45 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7363, 0016-7363 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Case studies KW - USA, Texas KW - Population distribution KW - Innovations KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1419364860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geographical+Analysis&rft.atitle=A+Spatially+Disaggregated+Areal+Interpolation+Model+Using+Light+Detection+and+Ranging-Derived+Building+Volumes&rft.au=Sridharan%2C+Harini%3BQiu%2C+Fang&rft.aulast=Sridharan&rft.aufirst=Harini&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=238&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geographical+Analysis&rft.issn=00167363&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgean.12010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Case studies; Population distribution; Innovations; USA, Texas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gean.12010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - STABLE AND RADIOACTIVE METAL CONTAMINATION IN BANGS LAKE, GRAND BAY NATIONAL ESTUARINE RESEARCH RESERVE AN - 1412552633; 18229377 AB - Heavy metals such as aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, vanadium, and zinc, together with TENORM (technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials) such as uranium, thorium, and their decay products, are common constituents of phosphate mining and processing wastes. Phosphate rock is processed to make phosphoric acid. For every tonne of phosphoric acid produced, approximately 4.5 tonnes of the byproduct phosphogypsum is produced. The Missisippi Phosphate fertilizer plant, located in the vicinity of Bangs Lake in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, produces tonnes of phosphogypsum waste. This waste is stored in stacks near the factory, and the metals of concern are constituents of such waste. Due to close proximity of the stacks to the core area of the estuary, the metal constituents of the waste can migrate to the estuary and be adsorbed into the sediment. The accumulation of contaminants in the sediment can be a result of atmospheric deposition, runoff, or waste water discharge. Industrial activities and manmade and natural disasters can also lead to migration of the pollutants into the estuary. A report on the ecological characterization of the Grand Bay estuary also indicates the need for baseline data on heavy metals to evaluate the existing conditions and for the evaluation of any future change in contaminant levels. The purpose of this research is to assess the level of contaminants in the salt marsh plant Spartina alterniflora and the concentrations of contaminants in sediment that could be transferred to plants. This research will provide useful baseline data for existing contaminant levels in Bangs Lake and will help establish the present status of the ecosystem. Neutron activation analysis, a nondestructive multi-elemental analysis technique, was employed for metals analysis. Thermal neutrons with a fluence rate of approximately 4x 10 super(14) neutrons cm super(-2) s super(-1) at the High Flux Isotope Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory were used to irradiate the samples and NIST reference materials. The sediment and plant samples were irradiated for 10 and 20s, respectively, and counted using a high purity germanium detector. The comparator and absolute methods were employed to establish the concentration of metals in sediment and in Spartina alterniflora. The activity of TENORM in sediment and plant samples was established using a N-type high purity germanium detector. Aluminum and manganese were analyzed using the comparator method, and vanadium and zinc were analyzed using absolute method. The transfer factor was the lowest for aluminum at 0.12 plus or minus 0.01 and the highest for zinc at 2.29 plus or minus 1.62. The results of the transfer factor for metals indicate that the transfer follows the order Zn>Mn>V>Al. The transfer factors were calculated for metals based on the assumption that steady state equilibrium existed in the lake. Based on the results obtained, the presenters can conclude that there was a linear dependency of metals in the sediment and in Spartina alterniflora. This suggests that absorption of metals by Spartina alterniflora is controlled primarily by the metal content that is bioavailable for uptake by the plant. The analysis of TENORM in sediment and in Spartina alterniflora facilitated establishing the background concentrations in Bangs Lake in the sample locations picked. The results obtained in this research were for the conditions existing at the time of sampling. The mean activity of super(226)Ra in the three locations was less than 37 Bq kg super(-1). JF - Health Physics AU - Kurgatt, S AU - Johnson, E AU - Essien, F AU - Glasgow, D AD - Florida A&M University, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - Jul 2013 SP - S83 EP - S84 PB - Williams & Wilkins, 351 W. Camden St. Baltimore MD 21201 United States VL - 105 IS - 1 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Aluminum KW - Spartina alterniflora KW - Metals KW - ASW, USA, Mississippi, Grand Bay KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412552633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=STABLE+AND+RADIOACTIVE+METAL+CONTAMINATION+IN+BANGS+LAKE%2C+GRAND+BAY+NATIONAL+ESTUARINE+RESEARCH+RESERVE&rft.au=Kurgatt%2C+S%3BJohnson%2C+E%3BEssien%2C+F%3BGlasgow%2C+D&rft.aulast=Kurgatt&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=S83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-10 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Spartina alterniflora; ASW, USA, Mississippi, Grand Bay ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expert assessment of vulnerability of permafrost carbon to climate change AN - 1400630278; 676985-12 AB - Approximately 1700 Pg of soil carbon (C) are stored in the northern circumpolar permafrost zone, more than twice as much C than in the atmosphere. The overall amount, rate, and form of C released to the atmosphere in a warmer world will influence the strength of the permafrost C feedback to climate change. We used a survey to quantify variability in the perception of the vulnerability of permafrost C to climate change. Experts were asked to provide quantitative estimates of permafrost change in response to four scenarios of warming. For the highest warming scenario (RCP 8.5), experts hypothesized that C release from permafrost zone soils could be 19-45 Pg C by 2040, 162-288 Pg C by 2100, and 381-616 Pg C by 2300 in CO (sub 2) equivalent using 100-year CH (sub 4) global warming potential (GWP). These values become 50 % larger using 20-year CH (sub 4) GWP, with a third to a half of expected climate forcing coming from CH (sub 4) even though CH (sub 4) was only 2.3 % of the expected C release. Experts projected that two-thirds of this release could be avoided under the lowest warming scenario (RCP 2.6). These results highlight the potential risk from permafrost thaw and serve to frame a hypothesis about the magnitude of this feedback to climate change. However, the level of emissions proposed here are unlikely to overshadow the impact of fossil fuel burning, which will continue to be the main source of C emissions and climate forcing. Copyright 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and The Author(s) JF - Climatic Change AU - Schuur, E A G AU - Abbott, B W AU - Bowden, W B AU - Brovkin, V AU - Camill, P AU - Canadell, J G AU - Chanton, J P AU - Chapin, F S, III AU - Christensen, T R AU - Ciais, P AU - Crosby, B T AU - Czimczik, C I AU - Grosse, G AU - Harden, J AU - Hayes, D J AU - Hugelius, G AU - Jastrow, J D AU - Jones, J B AU - Kleinen, T AU - Koven, C D AU - Krinner, G AU - Kuhry, P AU - Lawrence, D M AU - McGuire, A D AU - Natali, S M AU - O'Donnell, J A AU - Ping, C L AU - Riley, W J AU - Rinke, A AU - Romanovsky, V E AU - Sannel, A B K AU - Schadel, C AU - Schaefer, K AU - Sky, J AU - Subin, Z M AU - Tarnocai, C AU - Turetsky, M R AU - Waldrop, M P AU - Walter Anthony, K M AU - Wickland, K P AU - Wilson, C J AU - Zimov, S A Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - July 2013 SP - 359 EP - 374 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 119 IS - 2 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - soils KW - experts KW - permafrost KW - prediction KW - atmosphere KW - global change KW - carbon release KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - feedback KW - future KW - carbon KW - natural hazards KW - risk assessment KW - climate KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400630278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Expert+assessment+of+vulnerability+of+permafrost+carbon+to+climate+change&rft.au=Schuur%2C+E+A+G%3BAbbott%2C+B+W%3BBowden%2C+W+B%3BBrovkin%2C+V%3BCamill%2C+P%3BCanadell%2C+J+G%3BChanton%2C+J+P%3BChapin%2C+F+S%2C+III%3BChristensen%2C+T+R%3BCiais%2C+P%3BCrosby%2C+B+T%3BCzimczik%2C+C+I%3BGrosse%2C+G%3BHarden%2C+J%3BHayes%2C+D+J%3BHugelius%2C+G%3BJastrow%2C+J+D%3BJones%2C+J+B%3BKleinen%2C+T%3BKoven%2C+C+D%3BKrinner%2C+G%3BKuhry%2C+P%3BLawrence%2C+D+M%3BMcGuire%2C+A+D%3BNatali%2C+S+M%3BO%27Donnell%2C+J+A%3BPing%2C+C+L%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BRinke%2C+A%3BRomanovsky%2C+V+E%3BSannel%2C+A+B+K%3BSchadel%2C+C%3BSchaefer%2C+K%3BSky%2C+J%3BSubin%2C+Z+M%3BTarnocai%2C+C%3BTuretsky%2C+M+R%3BWaldrop%2C+M+P%3BWalter+Anthony%2C+K+M%3BWickland%2C+K+P%3BWilson%2C+C+J%3BZimov%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Schuur&rft.aufirst=E+A&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-013-0730-7 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon release; climate; climate change; experts; feedback; future; global change; global warming; natural hazards; permafrost; prediction; risk assessment; soils DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0730-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A landscape perspective on sustainability of agricultural systems AN - 1399919265; 18215894 AB - Agricultural sustainability considers the effects of farm activities on social, economic, and environmental conditions at local and regional scales. Adoption of more sustainable agricultural practices entails defining sustainability, developing easily measured indicators of sustainability, moving toward integrated agricultural systems, and offering incentives or imposing regulations to affect farmer behavior. Landscape ecology is an informative discipline in considering sustainability because it provides theory and methods for dealing with spatial heterogeneity, scaling, integration, and complexity. To move toward more sustainable agriculture, we propose adopting a systems perspective, recognizing spatial heterogeneity, integrating landscape-design principles and addressing the influences of context, such as the particular products and their distribution, policy background, stakeholder values, location, temporal influences, spatial scale, and baseline conditions. Topics that need further attention at local and regional scales include (1) protocols for quantifying material and energy flows; (2) standard specifications for management practices and corresponding effects; (3) incentives and disincentives for enhancing economic, environmental, and social conditions (including financial, regulatory and other behavioral motivations); (4) integrated landscape planning and management; (5) monitoring and assessment; (6) effects of societal demand; and (7) integrative policies for promoting agricultural sustainability. JF - Landscape Ecology AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Kline, Keith L AU - Kaffka, Stephen R AU - Langeveld, JWAHans AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Center for Bioenergy Sustainability and Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge, TN, 38731, USA, dalevh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - July 2013 SP - 1111 EP - 1123 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 28 IS - 6 SN - 0921-2973, 0921-2973 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Stakeholders KW - Farms KW - Spatial distribution KW - Motivation KW - Landscape KW - Adoption KW - Incentives KW - Sustainability KW - Integration KW - Social conditions KW - Energy flow KW - Agricultural practices KW - Spatial heterogeneity KW - Economics KW - Sustainable agriculture KW - Environmental conditions KW - Scaling KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1399919265?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+Ecology&rft.atitle=A+landscape+perspective+on+sustainability+of+agricultural+systems&rft.au=Dale%2C+Virginia+H%3BKline%2C+Keith+L%3BKaffka%2C+Stephen+R%3BLangeveld%2C+JWAHans&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+Ecology&rft.issn=09212973&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10980-012-9814-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 101 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Integration; Agricultural practices; Energy flow; Farms; Motivation; Economics; Spatial heterogeneity; Landscape; Sustainable agriculture; Adoption; Environmental conditions; Scaling; Stakeholders; Social conditions; Spatial distribution; Incentives; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-012-9814-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial Communities Involved in Biological Ammonium Removal from Coal Combustion Wastewaters AN - 1372061811; 18153466 AB - The efficiency of a novel integrated treatment system for biological removal of ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and heavy metals from fossil power plant effluent was evaluated. Microbial communities were analyzed using bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA gene clone libraries (Sanger sequences) and 454 pyrosequencing technology. While seasonal changes in microbial community composition were observed, the significant (P=0.001) changes in bacterial and archaeal communities were consistent with variations in ammonium concentration. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed an increase of potential ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Planctomycetes, and OD1, in samples with elevated ammonium concentration. Other bacteria, such as Nitrospira, Nitrococcus, Nitrobacter, Thiobacillus, epsilon -Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Acidobacteria, which play roles in nitrification and denitrification, were also detected. The AOB oxidized 56 % of the ammonium with the concomitant increase in nitrite and ultimately nitrate in the trickling filters at the beginning of the treatment system. Thermoprotei within the phylum Crenarchaeota thrived in the splitter box and especially in zero-valent iron extraction trenches, where an additional 25 % of the ammonium was removed. The potential ammonium-oxidizing Archaea (AOA) (Candidatus Nitrosocaldus) were detected towards the downstream end of the treatment system. The design of an integrated treatment system consisting of trickling filters, zero-valent iron reaction cells, settling pond, and anaerobic wetlands was efficient for the biological removal of ammonium and several other contaminants from wastewater generated at a coal burning power plant equipped with selective catalytic reducers for nitrogen oxide removal. JF - Microbial Ecology AU - Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A AU - Fisher, LSuzanne AU - Brodie, Greg A AU - Phelps, Tommy J AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, MS-6036, 1 Bethel Valley Rd., Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6036, USA, phelpstj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - July 2013 SP - 49 EP - 59 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 66 IS - 1 SN - 0095-3628, 0095-3628 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Archaea KW - Heavy metals KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Nitrospira KW - Ponds KW - Planctomycetes KW - Nitrobacter KW - Wetlands KW - Nitrite KW - Seasonal variations KW - Ammonium compounds KW - Phylogeny KW - Ammonium KW - Microbial activity KW - Firmicutes KW - Trickling Filters KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - Effluents KW - Combustion KW - Community composition KW - Nitrites KW - Nitrification KW - Microorganisms KW - Burning KW - Contaminants KW - Iron KW - Technology KW - Nitrogen KW - Nitrate KW - Coal KW - Trickling filters KW - Powerplants KW - Nitrosococcus KW - Fossils KW - Thiobacillus KW - Denitrification KW - Power plants KW - oxides KW - Bacteria KW - Nitrates KW - Crenarchaeota KW - Nitrosomonas KW - Waste water KW - Wastewater Treatment KW - rRNA 16S KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372061811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Ecology&rft.atitle=Microbial+Communities+Involved+in+Biological+Ammonium+Removal+from+Coal+Combustion+Wastewaters&rft.au=Vishnivetskaya%2C+Tatiana+A%3BFisher%2C+LSuzanne%3BBrodie%2C+Greg+A%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J&rft.aulast=Vishnivetskaya&rft.aufirst=Tatiana&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Ecology&rft.issn=00953628&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00248-012-0152-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nitrification; Nucleotide sequence; Power plants; Wetlands; Coal; Effluents; Seasonal variations; Ponds; Ammonium compounds; Phylogeny; Ammonium; Nitrate; Heavy metals; Trickling filters; Combustion; Community composition; Fossils; Denitrification; oxides; Burning; Contaminants; Nitrite; Waste water; Iron; rRNA 16S; Nitrogen; Nitrates; Microbial activity; Nitrogen oxides; Nitrites; Technology; Powerplants; Bacteria; Microorganisms; Trickling Filters; Wastewater Treatment; Planctomycetes; Crenarchaeota; Archaea; Nitrosococcus; Thiobacillus; Nitrosomonas; Nitrospira; Nitrobacter; Firmicutes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-012-0152-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Where fast weathering creates thin regolith and slow weathering creates thick regolith AN - 1400621011; 2013-057460 AB - Weathering disaggregates rock into regolith - the fractured or granular earth material that sustains life on the continental land surface. Here, we investigate what controls the depth of regolith formed on ridges of two rock compositions with similar initial porosities in Virginia (USA). A priori, we predicted that the regolith on diabase would be thicker than on granite because the dominant mineral (feldspar) in the diabase weathers faster than its granitic counterpart. However, weathering advanced 20X deeper into the granite than the diabase. The 20 X -thicker regolith is attributed mainly to connected micron-sized pores, microfractures formed around oxidizing biotite at 20 m depth, and the lower iron (Fe) content in the felsic rock. Such porosity allows pervasive advection and deep oxidation in the granite. These observations may explain why regolith worldwide is thicker on felsic compared to mafic rock under similar conditions. To understand regolith formation will require better understanding of such deep oxidation reactions and how they impact fluid flow during weathering. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms AU - Bazilevskaya, Ekaterina AU - Lebedeva, Marina AU - Pavich, Milan AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Parkinson, Dilworth Y AU - Cole, David AU - Brantley, Susan L Y1 - 2013/06/30/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jun 30 SP - 847 EP - 858 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 38 IS - 8 SN - 0197-9337, 0197-9337 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - neutron methods KW - erosion KW - microcracks KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - Appalachians KW - erosion rates KW - solution KW - plutonic rocks KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - mica group KW - thickness KW - framework silicates KW - chemical composition KW - soils KW - North America KW - diffusion KW - Virginia KW - oxidation KW - advection KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - saprolite KW - cracks KW - biotite KW - sheet silicates KW - weathering rates KW - feldspar group KW - diabase KW - regolith KW - Piedmont KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400621011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+Surface+Processes+and+Landforms&rft.atitle=Where+fast+weathering+creates+thin+regolith+and+slow+weathering+creates+thick+regolith&rft.au=Bazilevskaya%2C+Ekaterina%3BLebedeva%2C+Marina%3BPavich%2C+Milan%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BParkinson%2C+Dilworth+Y%3BCole%2C+David%3BBrantley%2C+Susan+L&rft.aulast=Bazilevskaya&rft.aufirst=Ekaterina&rft.date=2013-06-30&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=847&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+Surface+Processes+and+Landforms&rft.issn=01979337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fesp.3369 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/117935722/grouphome/home.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - CODEN - ESPRDT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; Appalachians; biotite; chemical composition; chemical reactions; cracks; diabase; diffusion; erosion; erosion rates; feldspar group; framework silicates; granites; igneous rocks; mica group; microcracks; mineral composition; neutron methods; North America; oxidation; Piedmont; plutonic rocks; porosity; regolith; saprolite; sheet silicates; silicates; soils; solution; thickness; United States; Virginia; weathering; weathering rates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.3369 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrogen-Enriched Carbons from Alkali Salts with High Coulombic Efficiency for Energy Storage Applications AN - 1770334556; 18479216 AB - A new type of nitrogen-enriched carbon materials is synthesized from nitrile-rich alkali salts. High nitrogen content is obtained for these alkali salts precursors after annealing at 850 degree C. These nitrogen-enriched carbons exhibit high coulombic efficiency, high reversible capacity and good cycling stability as anode materials for both mature lithium ion batteries and newly rejuvenated sodium ion batteries. JF - Advanced Energy Materials AU - Guo, Bingkun AU - Sun, Xiao-Guang AU - Veith, Gabriel M AU - Bi, Zhonghe AU - Mahurin, Shannon M AU - Liao, Chen AU - Bridges, Craig AU - Paranthaman, Mariappan Parans AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA. Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - June 2013 SP - 708 EP - 712 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 3 IS - 6 SN - 1614-6832, 1614-6832 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - alkali tricyanomethanide KW - coulombic efficiency KW - lithium ion batteries KW - nitrogen-doped carbon KW - sodium ion batteries KW - Sodium KW - Rechargeable batteries KW - Cycles KW - Carbon KW - Precursors KW - Electric batteries KW - Energy storage KW - Lithium batteries KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770334556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.atitle=Nitrogen-Enriched+Carbons+from+Alkali+Salts+with+High+Coulombic+Efficiency+for+Energy+Storage+Applications&rft.au=Guo%2C+Bingkun%3BSun%2C+Xiao-Guang%3BVeith%2C+Gabriel+M%3BBi%2C+Zhonghe%3BMahurin%2C+Shannon+M%3BLiao%2C+Chen%3BBridges%2C+Craig%3BParanthaman%2C+Mariappan+Parans%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=Bingkun&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=708&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.issn=16146832&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Faenm.201200925 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201200925 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatiotemporal patterns of evapotranspiration in response to multiple environmental factors simulated by the Community Land Model AN - 1705065532; PQ0001831555 AB - Spatiotemporal patterns of evapotranspiration (ET) over the period from 1982 to 2008 are investigated and attributed to multiple environmental factors using the Community Land Model version 4 (CLM4). Our results show that CLM4 captures the spatial distribution and interannual variability of ET well when compared to observation-based estimates. We find that climate dominates the predicted variability in ET. Elevated atmospheric CO sub(2) concentration also plays an important role in modulating the trend of predicted ET over most land areas, and replaces climate to function as the dominant factor controlling ET changes over the North America, South America and Asia regions. Compared to the effect of climate and CO sub(2) concentration, the roles of other factors such as nitrogen deposition, land use change and aerosol deposition are less pronounced and regionally dependent. The aerosol deposition contribution is the third most important factor for trends of ET over Europe, while it has the smallest impact over other regions. As ET is a dominant component of the terrestrial water cycle, our results suggest that environmental factors like elevated CO sub(2), nitrogen and aerosol depositions, and land use change, in addition to climate, could have significant impact on future projections of water resources and water cycle dynamics at global and regional scales. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Shi, Xiaoying AU - Mao, Jiafu AU - Thornton, Peter E AU - Huang, Maoyi AD - Climate Change Science Institute/Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, shix@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - June 2013 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - evapotranspiration (ET) KW - Community Land Model (CLM) KW - model tree ensembles (MTE) KW - Land Use KW - Variability KW - Resource management KW - Spatial distribution KW - Climate change KW - Water resources KW - Environmental factors KW - Hydrologic Cycle KW - ANE, Europe KW - Asia KW - North America KW - Aerosols KW - Climate KW - Environmental impact KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Land use KW - Model Studies KW - ASW, South America KW - Pollutant deposition KW - Deposition KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Nitrogen KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09123:Conservation KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705065532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Spatiotemporal+patterns+of+evapotranspiration+in+response+to+multiple+environmental+factors+simulated+by+the+Community+Land+Model&rft.au=Shi%2C+Xiaoying%3BMao%2C+Jiafu%3BThornton%2C+Peter+E%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Xiaoying&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F8%2F2%2F024012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Aerosols; Climate change; Environmental impact; Carbon dioxide; Hydrologic cycle; Environmental factors; Land use; Ecosystem disturbance; Pollutant deposition; Spatial distribution; Climate; Water resources; Evapotranspiration; Nitrogen; Land Use; Hydrologic Cycle; Variability; Deposition; Model Studies; Carbon Dioxide; North America; ASW, South America; ANE, Europe; Asia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and Applications of a Modern ORIGEN Code Architecture AN - 1671545065; 18278286 AB - The ORIGEN (Oak Ridge Isotope GENeration) package serves as the nuclear fuel depletion and decay module within the SCALE code system is a state-of-the-art isotopic tracking tool with the capability to track over 2200 nuclides and subject to extensive validation and testing. However until recently the outdated architecture of ORIGEN functioned effectively as a "black box," whereby methods used for ORIGEN calculations were hidden from external applications. As a triage measure, this lead to the proliferation of several "standalone" branches of ORIGEN in an attempt to accommodate the need for a more open architecture in order to incorporate ORIGEN depletion and decay functions into other applications. While such branches fulfill the immediate needs of the project in question, they inherently involve a maintenance penalty, namely in that they are now divorced from the main ORIGEN development trunk. As a part of an overall code modernization effort of the SCALE code base, a recent major refactor to the ORIGEN code architecture has both greatly enhanced its maintainability as well as afforded several new capabilities useful for incorporating depletion analysis into other code frameworks. These capabilities include an open, fully modern application programming interface (API) which allows for direct access to ORIGEN calculation functions through other codes, along with interface layers in both FORTRAN and C++. This paper will present an overview of improved ORIGEN code architecture (including the methods and datastructures introduced) as well as current and potential future applications utilizing the new ORIGEN framework. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Skutnik, Steven AU - Havluj, Frantisek AU - Lago, Daniel AU - Gauld, Ian AD - University of Tennessee, 1508 Middle Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996 Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 775 EP - 776 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 108 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Depletion KW - Architecture KW - Decay KW - Tools KW - Open architectures KW - Maintenance KW - Maintainability KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671545065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Development+and+Applications+of+a+Modern+ORIGEN+Code+Architecture&rft.au=Skutnik%2C+Steven%3BHavluj%2C+Frantisek%3BLago%2C+Daniel%3BGauld%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Skutnik&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=775&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Propagation of Uncertainty from a Source Computed with Monte Carlo AN - 1671535283; 18278250 AB - The lower bound of the uncertainty of a Monte Carlo derived source used in a subsequent transport calculation can be found using a single adjoint calculation. This new method can give the practitioner some measure of the source uncertainty in the final response calculation without a series of brute force calculations. The accuracy of the adjoint uncertainty estimate is dependent on the accuracy of the adjoint flux solution and on the correlation between source voxels. For a simple neutron activation/photon dose rate calculation, the adjoint estimate was a factor of two lower than the observed uncertainty. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Peplow Douglas, E AU - Ibrahim Ahmad, M AU - Grove Robert, E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P O Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6170 peplowde@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 643 EP - 646 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 108 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Uncertainty KW - Estimates KW - Computer simulation KW - Photons KW - Monte Carlo methods KW - Accuracy KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Adjoints UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671535283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Propagation+of+Uncertainty+from+a+Source+Computed+with+Monte+Carlo&rft.au=Peplow+Douglas%2C+E%3BIbrahim+Ahmad%2C+M%3BGrove+Robert%2C+E&rft.aulast=Peplow+Douglas&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=643&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic thermodynamic and kinetic properties of Sb electrodes for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries: experiment and theory AN - 1567118563; 20518525 AB - A detailed comparative study between the electrochemical lithiation and sodiation of pure antimony (Sb), relating changes in structural, thermodynamic, kinetic and electrochemical properties has been carried out. For this purpose, a wide range of measurements using electrochemical (galvanostatic cycling, GITT, PITT), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) methods as well as density functional theory (DFT) based investigations have been undertaken. Assessment of the thermodynamics reveals that the reaction proceeds identically during the first and second cycles for Li whereas it differs between the first and subsequent cycles for Na as the reaction with Na proceeds through a different pathway associated with the formation of amorphous Na sub(x)Sb phases. For the first time we rationalize the amorphization of Na sub(x)Sb phases by the long ranged strain propagation due to Na-vacancy compared to Li-Sb. At full discharge, our XRD results show for the first time that a minor fraction of hexagonal Li sub(3)Sb forms concomitantly with cubic Li sub(3)Sb. The XRD results confirm that Sb crystallizes into hexagonal Na sub(3)Sb at full sodiation. The kinetics of the reaction is assessed by rate performance tests which highlight that both Li and Na can diffuse rapidly throughout micron thick films at room temperature. However, it is found that the (de)insertion of Li provides lower overpotentials and larger storage capacities compared to Na. The difference in rate performance is complemented by diffusion coefficient determinations near the 0 V region where both materials are crystallized into M sub(3)Sb (M = Li, Na). Interestingly, calculations show that the energy barrier for near-neighbor vacancy migration, predominant in these close-packed phases, is about twice for Na than for Li. Our analysis tries to relate the lower intrinsic diffusivity of Na compared to Li with the long-range strain propagation induced by the former, thereby leading to an intrinsic origin of differences in rates, mechanical properties and amorphization. Finally, the surface chemistry of Sb electrodes cycled in NaClO sub(4) dissolved in pure PC with(out) the addition of 5 wt% EC or FEC shows presence of ethers and NaF for the EC- and FEC-based electrolytes, respectively, and SEI films rich in Na-based carbonates. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Baggetto, Loic AU - Ganesh, P AU - Sun, Che-Nan AU - Meisner, Roberta A AU - Zawodzinski, Thomas A AU - Veith, Gabriel M AD - Materials Science and Technology Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 1 Bethel Valley Rd; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA; , baggettol@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 7985 EP - 7994 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 1 IS - 27 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Thermodynamics KW - Temperature KW - Spectroscopy KW - Sustainability KW - Comparative studies KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Kinetics KW - Electrodes KW - Antimony KW - Diffusion KW - Ethers KW - Electrochemistry KW - Surface chemistry KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567118563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+thermodynamic+and+kinetic+properties+of+Sb+electrodes+for+Li-ion+and+Na-ion+batteries%3A+experiment+and+theory&rft.au=Baggetto%2C+Loic%3BGanesh%2C+P%3BSun%2C+Che-Nan%3BMeisner%2C+Roberta+A%3BZawodzinski%2C+Thomas+A%3BVeith%2C+Gabriel+M&rft.aulast=Baggetto&rft.aufirst=Loic&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=27&rft.spage=7985&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta11568b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thermodynamics; Temperature; Spectroscopy; Sustainability; Comparative studies; Batteries; Kinetics; Energy; Electrodes; Antimony; Diffusion; Ethers; Electrochemistry; Surface chemistry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta11568b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermomechanical treatment for improved neutron irradiation resistance of austenitic alloy (Fe-21Cr-32Ni) AN - 1475541578; 18796697 AB - An optimized thermomechanical treatment (TMT) applied to austenitic alloy 800H (Fe-21Cr-32Ni) had shown significant improvements in corrosion resistance and basic mechanical properties. This study examined its effect on radiation resistance by irradiating both the solution-annealed (SA) and TMT samples at 500 degree C for 3 dpa. Microstructural characterization using transmission electron microscopy revealed that the radiation-induced Frank loops, voids, and gamma'-Ni(3)(Ti,Al) precipitates had similar sizes between the SA and TMT samples. The amounts of radiation-induced defects and more significantly gamma' precipitates, however, were reduced in the TMT samples. These reductions would approximately reduce by 40.9% the radiation hardening compared to the SA samples. This study indicates that optimized-TMT is an economical approach for effective overall property improvements. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Tan, L AU - Busby, J T AU - Chichester, H J M AU - Sridharan, K AU - Allen, T R AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States, tanl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 70 EP - 74 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 437 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Ferrous alloys KW - Superalloys KW - Intermetallic compounds KW - 800H KW - Alloy 800H KW - TiAl KW - Irradiation KW - Economics KW - Radioactive materials KW - Microscopy KW - Corrosion KW - Alloys KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475541578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Thermomechanical+treatment+for+improved+neutron+irradiation+resistance+of+austenitic+alloy+%28Fe-21Cr-32Ni%29&rft.au=Tan%2C+L%3BBusby%2C+J+T%3BChichester%2C+H+J+M%3BSridharan%2C+K%3BAllen%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Tan&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=437&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=70&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Irradiation; Microscopy; Radioactive materials; Economics; Corrosion; Alloys ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atom probe tomography characterizations of high nickel, low copper surveillance RPV welds irradiated to high fluences AN - 1475531930; 18796703 AB - The Ringhals Units 3 and 4 reactors in Sweden are pressurized water reactors (PWRs) designed and supplied by Westinghouse Electric Company, with commercial operation in 1981 and 1983, respectively. The reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) for both reactors were fabricated with ring forgings of SA 508 class 2 steel. Surveillance blocks for both units were fabricated using the same weld wire heat, welding procedures, and base metals used for the RPVs. The primary interest in these weld metals is because they have very high nickel contents, with 1.58 and 1.66 wt.% for Unit 3 and Unit 4, respectively. The nickel content in Unit 4 is the highest reported nickel content for any Westinghouse PWR. Although both welds contain less than 0.10 wt.% copper, the weld metals have exhibited high irradiation-induced Charpy 41-J transition temperature shifts in surveillance testing. The Charpy impact 41-J shifts and corresponding fluences are 192 degree C at 5.0 x 10(23) n/m(2)(>1 MeV) for Unit 3 and 162 degree C at 6.0 x 10(23) n/m(2) (>1 MeV) for Unit 4. These relatively low-copper, high-nickel, radiation-sensitive welds relate to the issue of so-called late-blooming nickel-manganese-silicon phases. Atom probe tomography measurements have revealed ~2 nm-diameter irradiation-induced precipitates containing manganese, nickel, and silicon, with phosphorus evident in some of the precipitates. However, only a relatively few number of copper atoms are contained within the precipitates. The larger increase in the transition temperature shift in the higher copper weld metal from the Ringhals R3 Unit is associated with copper-enriched regions within the manganese-nickel-silicon-enriched precipitates rather than changes in their size or number density. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Miller, M K AU - Powers, K A AU - Nanstad, R K AU - Efsing, P AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6139, USA, millermk@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 107 EP - 115 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 437 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Metals KW - Silicon KW - Nickel KW - Transition temperatures KW - Phosphorus KW - Copper KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Pressure vessels KW - Radioactive materials KW - Welding KW - Steel KW - Manganese KW - Sweden KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475531930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Atom+probe+tomography+characterizations+of+high+nickel%2C+low+copper+surveillance+RPV+welds+irradiated+to+high+fluences&rft.au=Miller%2C+M+K%3BPowers%2C+K+A%3BNanstad%2C+R+K%3BEfsing%2C+P&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=437&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Silicon; Nuclear reactors; Pressure vessels; Radioactive materials; Transition temperatures; Nickel; Phosphorus; Welding; Steel; Copper; Manganese; Sweden ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Closeout of the Cf-252 Loan/Lease Program AN - 1429882703; 18278163 AB - Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), is responsible for the Cf-252 Loan/Lease Program and its program assets. The program has been in place since the late 1960's and was created to provide low-cost access by government agencies, qualified government contractors and universities to Cf-252 sealed sources for educational, research, and medical applications. Examples of sealed Cf-252 sources are shown in Figure 1. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Sherman Steven, R AU - Patton Bradley, D AD - Fuel Cycle and Isotopes Division, P O Box 2008, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, OakRidge, TN 37831 shermansr@ornl.sov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 303 EP - 304 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 108 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Education KW - Energy (nuclear) KW - Loans KW - Medical KW - Governments KW - Leases KW - Research facilities KW - Government agencies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429882703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Closeout+of+the+Cf-252+Loan%2FLease+Program&rft.au=Sherman+Steven%2C+R%3BPatton+Bradley%2C+D&rft.aulast=Sherman+Steven&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - super(235)U Resolved Resonance Evaluation for Benchmark Calculations in the Intermediate Energy Region AN - 1429877612; 18278218 AB - The Working Party on International Nuclear Data Evaluation Co-operation (WPEC) subgroup 29 (SG 29) was established to investigate an issue with the super(235)U capture cross-section in the energy range 0.1 to 2.25 keV. The WPEC criticality calculation results indicated an overestimation of the super(235)U capture cross-section of 10% or more. To understand and solve the problem, a recommendation was made to perform new capture cross-section measurements followed by a resonance evaluation. Hence, time-of-flight capture cross-section measurements were done at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) and at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). These new measurements were used together with the computer code SAMMY to reevaluate the super(235)U resonance parameters in the energy range from thermal to 2.25 keV. The impact of the new evaluation in benchmark calculations was done for the critical benchmark sensitive to the 0.1 to 2.25 keV energy range. The purpose of this work is to describe the super(235)U SAMMY evaluation and present the critical benchmark results. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Leal, L C AU - Danon, Y AU - Williams, D AU - Jandel, M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P O Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN leallc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 495 EP - 497 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 108 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Energy use KW - Computer programs KW - Energy (nuclear) KW - Capture (nuclear) KW - Capture cross sections KW - Benchmarking KW - Cross sections KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429877612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=super%28235%29U+Resolved+Resonance+Evaluation+for+Benchmark+Calculations+in+the+Intermediate+Energy+Region&rft.au=Leal%2C+L+C%3BDanon%2C+Y%3BWilliams%2C+D%3BJandel%2C+M&rft.aulast=Leal&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of Generalized Linear Least-Squares for Uncertainty Quantification in Inverse Transport Problems AN - 1429876867; 18278204 AB - The generalized linear least-squares method has been applied for uncertainty quantification in spherical and cylindrical inverse transport problems. The GLLS methodology is the second step in a two-step process now employed by Los Alamos National Laboratory's inverse transport analysis code INVERSE. In the first step, INVERSE identifies the unknown parameters of the radioactive source/shield system without quantifying the parameter uncertainties. In the second step, the GLLS method is used to further adjust the calculated parameters and quantify the uncertainties of these parameters. In two numerical test problems, the GLLS method correctly identified the calculated parameters for which we should have a high degree of confidence and those for which we should have a low degree of confidence. The GLLS method assumes that variations in the measured responses depend linearly on the physical parameters in the system. This assumption leads to a computationally inexpensive approach for uncertainty quantification. While the linearity assumption was valid for the numerical test problems considered here, it is not valid for all inverse problems. A method of nonlinear uncertainty analysis, the Data Assimilation technique, was also recently shown to be successful in uncertainty quantification of inverse problems. Therefore, our future work will include determining the classes of inverse transport problems where the linearity assumption breaks down and examining the application of nonlinear uncertainty quantification methods to those problems. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Bledsoe Keith, C AU - Jessee Matthew, A AU - Favorite Jeffrey, A AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P O Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA bledsoekc@.ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 445 EP - 448 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 108 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Confidence KW - Uncertainty KW - Mathematical models KW - Transport KW - Inverse KW - Least squares method KW - Inverse problems KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429876867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Application+of+Generalized+Linear+Least-Squares+for+Uncertainty+Quantification+in+Inverse+Transport+Problems&rft.au=Bledsoe+Keith%2C+C%3BJessee+Matthew%2C+A%3BFavorite+Jeffrey%2C+A&rft.aulast=Bledsoe+Keith&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=445&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - RELAP5 Model of a Two-phase ThermoSyphon Experimental Facility for Fuels and Materials Irradiation AN - 1429876251; 18278350 AB - The RELAP5-3D code has been used to model and design this unique experimental facility. Different dimensions and conditions have been examined to select the final design of the facility. The selected final dimensions are total height: 1.423 m; condenser height: 0.813 m; downcomer-boiler height: 0.61 m; evaporator/downcomer flow area ratio: 1.8. Condenser diameter is 0.1 m, and downcomer diameter is 0.06 m. Three heaters will provide 80 kW of power. The resulting surface temperature of the heaters will be between 567 K and 570 K (294 degree C and 297 degree C). The facility can tolerate powers up to 99 kW before CHF occurs on the heaters. The TSTL, a prototype of this facility to be tested outside the reactor, is under fabrication and will be tested in the summer of 2013. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Carbajo Juan, J AU - McDuffee Joel, L AD - Reactor and Nuclear Systems Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P O Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6167 carbajojj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 1026 EP - 1028 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 108 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Heaters KW - Evaporation KW - Heating equipment KW - Thermosyphons KW - Summer KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429876251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=RELAP5+Model+of+a+Two-phase+ThermoSyphon+Experimental+Facility+for+Fuels+and+Materials+Irradiation&rft.au=Carbajo+Juan%2C+J%3BMcDuffee+Joel%2C+L&rft.aulast=Carbajo+Juan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1026&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anomaly Detection for High Fidelity Core Simulators AN - 1429875371; 18278288 AB - At present, most nuclear simulation data is analyzed manually. Such analyses have limitations, especially when dealing with large and complex data. Such data will become increasingly common with the advent of high fidelity core simulators (CASL, NEAMS). We propose that automated analysis of such data using data mining techniques will provide better quantitative and qualitative knowledge and allow experts to focus on smaller, more important areas of interest within the analyzed data set. This paper presents preliminary efforts in knowledge discovery for nuclear reactor fuel simulation data, focusing on the identification and analysis of anomalies. We find that anomaly detection algorithms are efficient in detecting anomalous points in the data, which are meaningful and potential points of interest. We show that cluster analysis of the data helps define what is normal behavior, deviations from which can be termed anomalous. This paper attempts to assist in the development of a method for evaluating thousands of data points against benchmarks to identify possible code deficiencies such as global biases and trends for different core/lattice configurations. Our data comes from a fuel assembly calculation performed by CASL. The model consists of a typical PWR 17x17 assembly at typical reactor start-up conditions of uniform coolant and fuel temperature and without any isotopic changes due to fuel depletion. The axial discretization of the fuel stack is performed in 49 axial levels. Each simulation estimates fission rate data for each fuel rod on this axial level. The fission rates are normalized such that the average fuel rod power is 1.0. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Pokhriyal, Neeti AU - Mertyurek, Ugur AU - Godfrey, Andrew AU - Billings, Jay Jay AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN pokhriyaln@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 781 EP - 784 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 108 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Computer simulation KW - Simulators KW - Fuels KW - Anomalies KW - Assembly KW - Fission UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429875371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Anomaly+Detection+for+High+Fidelity+Core+Simulators&rft.au=Pokhriyal%2C+Neeti%3BMertyurek%2C+Ugur%3BGodfrey%2C+Andrew%3BBillings%2C+Jay+Jay&rft.aulast=Pokhriyal&rft.aufirst=Neeti&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=781&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neutronics Analyses of NpO(2) Single Pellet Irradiations at HFIR to Support the Pu-238 Production Project AN - 1429875182; 18278279 AB - The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has initiated a (238)Pu production technology demonstration project in order to establish a qualified infrastructure for the routine production of (238)Pu. Since the current supply of (238)Pu is nearly exhausted, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Department of Energy (DOE) have been tasked to reestablish a domestic (238)Pu production program. Both the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at ORNL and the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) will be utilized to produce approximately 1.5 kg/year. An irradiation test plan at HFIR has been subdivided into several phases to establish the target fabrication process, examine and reduce uncertainties, examine pellet swelling and pellet clad interaction, benchmark and validate codes and data, and etc. in order to demonstrate that all reactor safety requirements are being met and to minimize the potential for and consequences of target failures. Neutronics safety analyses being performed to support the irradiation of NpO(2) single pellets in HFIR, which is the first of several irradiation test phases, are discussed herein. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Chandler, David AU - Hobbs Randy, W AD - Research Reactors Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6399 chandlerd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 753 EP - 755 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 108 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Infrastructure KW - Phases KW - Cladding KW - Irradiation KW - High flux isotope reactors KW - Failure KW - Reactor safety KW - Pellets UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429875182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Neutronics+Analyses+of+NpO%282%29+Single+Pellet+Irradiations+at+HFIR+to+Support+the+Pu-238+Production+Project&rft.au=Chandler%2C+David%3BHobbs+Randy%2C+W&rft.aulast=Chandler&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=753&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Corrected User Guidance to Perform Three-Dimensional Criticality Accident Alarm System Modeling with SCALE AN - 1429874965; 18278219 AB - SCALE includes a three-dimensional criticality safety calculation sequence, CSAS6, which is based on the KENO-VI Monte Carlo code, as well as a three-dimensional shielding sequence, MAVRIC, which is based on the Monaco Monte Carlo code. Guidance is provided with SCALE to use the two sequences together for the analysis of criticality accident alarm systems (CAAS). Through a two-step process, a spatially varying fission source is generated with CSAS6 using a mesh tally, and then detector responses are calculated with MAVRIC based on the mesh source provided. As discussed in reference 4, having Monaco add fission photons to the neutron mesh source created by KENO can accelerate the shielding portion of the CAAS analysis. The shielding portion of the CAAS analysis is accelerated because the sampling of source fission photons is biased, consistent with the input weight windows, to optimize the convergence of the photon tallies. The addition of the fission photons to the neutron mesh source results in accurately modeling the neutron and photon fission source at each initial source location in the Monaco simulation. To avoid producing too many fission neutrons and photons, subsequent fission events must be treated as absorption producing no fission neutrons or photons because all fission events are accounted for in the KENO-generated mesh source. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Miller Thomas, M AU - Peplow Douglas, E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P O Box 2008 MS-6170, Oak Ridge TN, 37831 USA millertm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 498 EP - 501 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 108 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Finite element method KW - Three dimensional KW - Computer simulation KW - Photons KW - Monte Carlo methods KW - Monaco KW - Shielding KW - Fission UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429874965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Corrected+User+Guidance+to+Perform+Three-Dimensional+Criticality+Accident+Alarm+System+Modeling+with+SCALE&rft.au=Miller+Thomas%2C+M%3BPeplow+Douglas%2C+E&rft.aulast=Miller+Thomas&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=498&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel Hybrid Monte Carlo/Deterministic Technique for Shutdown Dose Rate Calculations AN - 1429874811; 18278251 AB - A novel hybrid MC/deterministic technique that dramatically speeds up the MC transport simulations of the SDDR R2S calculations is currently under development and investigation. Using a simplified example, preliminarily results showed that the use of the hybrid MC/deterministic technique enhanced the efficiency of the neutron MC simulation of the SDDR calculation by a factor of >550 compared to the standard FW-CADIS/CADIS approach and that the increase over analog MC is higher than 10,000. The application of this hybrid technique to realistic SDDR problems and the development of methods for propagating the uncertainties from the photon source to the final SDDR are currently under way. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Ibrahim Ahmad, M AU - Peplow Douglas, E AU - Grove Robert, E AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P O Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 ibrahimam@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 647 EP - 650 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 108 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Computer simulation KW - Photons KW - Monte Carlo methods KW - Transport KW - Standards KW - Shutdowns KW - Computational efficiency KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429874811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Novel+Hybrid+Monte+Carlo%2FDeterministic+Technique+for+Shutdown+Dose+Rate+Calculations&rft.au=Ibrahim+Ahmad%2C+M%3BPeplow+Douglas%2C+E%3BGrove+Robert%2C+E&rft.aulast=Ibrahim+Ahmad&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=647&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Graphite Compressive Creep Capsule Design for Irradiation in the HFIR AN - 1429867128; 18278174 AB - The subject of graphite irradiation creep characteristics is of great interest to the nuclear industry. Designing experiments for graphite creep is problematic because of the very substantial dimensional evolutions that occur in the material during radiation which makes maintaining specimen conditions (load and temperature) difficult without actively controlling the experiment. The work described in this paper proposes a new capsule design that does not rely on active control for specimen loading or temperature control. Active control methods may provide finer tuned parameters within the creep capsule, but these systems require complex and extensive infrastructure that can fail during usage. The passive system described in this paper suggests a more reliable and robust approach. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Howard, R H AU - Mcduffee, J L AU - Katoh, Y AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P O Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 339 EP - 342 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 108 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Creep (materials) KW - Cold flow KW - Graphite KW - Design engineering KW - Irradiation KW - Active control KW - Temperature control KW - Evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429867128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Graphite+Compressive+Creep+Capsule+Design+for+Irradiation+in+the+HFIR&rft.au=Howard%2C+R+H%3BMcduffee%2C+J+L%3BKatoh%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Howard&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Virtual probes of mineral-water interfaces; the more flops, the better! AN - 1420519915; 2013-066169 AB - New approaches are allowing computer simulations to be compared quantitatively with experimental results, and they are also raising new questions about reactivity at mineral-water interfaces. Molecular simulations not only help us to understand experimental observations, they can also be used to test hypotheses about the properties of geochemical systems. These new approaches include rigorous calibration of simulation models against thermodynamic properties and atomic structure. They also encompass rare event theory methods that allow simulation of slow, complex mineral surface reactions. Here, we give an overview of how these techniques have been applied to simulate mineral-water interface structure, growth/dissolution mechanisms, and cluster formation. JF - Elements AU - Stack, Andrew G AU - Gale, Julian D AU - Raiteri, Paolo Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - June 2013 SP - 211 EP - 216 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland and Mineralogical Association of Canada and Geochemical Society and Clay Minerals Society VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1811-5209, 1811-5209 KW - sulfates KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - mineral-water interface KW - rates KW - free energy KW - crystal growth KW - simulation KW - calcite KW - activation energy KW - chemical reactions KW - virtual reality KW - molecular dynamics KW - barite KW - thermodynamic properties KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - mineral surface KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1420519915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Elements&rft.atitle=Virtual+probes+of+mineral-water+interfaces%3B+the+more+flops%2C+the+better%21&rft.au=Stack%2C+Andrew+G%3BGale%2C+Julian+D%3BRaiteri%2C+Paolo&rft.aulast=Stack&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Elements&rft.issn=18115209&rft_id=info:doi/10.2113%2Fgselements.9.3.211 L2 - http://www.elementsmagazine.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activation energy; barite; calcite; carbonates; chemical reactions; crystal growth; free energy; geochemistry; kinetics; mineral surface; mineral-water interface; molecular dynamics; Monte Carlo analysis; rates; simulation; statistical analysis; sulfates; thermodynamic properties; virtual reality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gselements.9.3.211 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative metagenomic and rRNA microbial diversity characterization using archaeal and bacterial synthetic communities AN - 1399916380; 18142701 AB - Next-generation sequencing has dramatically changed the landscape of microbial ecology, large-scale and in-depth diversity studies being now widely accessible. However, determining the accuracy of taxonomic and quantitative inferences and comparing results obtained with different approaches are complicated by incongruence of experimental and computational data types and also by lack of knowledge of the true ecological diversity. Here we used highly diverse bacterial and archaeal synthetic communities assembled from pure genomic DNAs to compare inferences from metagenomic and SSU rRNA amplicon sequencing. Both Illumina and 454 metagenomic data outperformed amplicon sequencing in quantifying the community composition, but the outcome was dependent on analysis parameters and platform. New approaches in processing and classifying amplicons can reconstruct the taxonomic composition of the community with high reproducibility within primer sets, but all tested primers sets lead to significant taxon-specific biases. Controlled synthetic communities assembled to broadly mimic the phylogenetic richness in target environments can provide important validation for fine-tuning experimental and computational parameters used to characterize natural communities. JF - Environmental Microbiology AU - Shakya, Migun AU - Quince, Christopher AU - Campbell, James H AU - Yang, Zamin K AU - Schadt, Christopher W AU - Podar, Mircea AD - Biosciences Division. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 1882 EP - 1899 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 15 IS - 6 SN - 1462-2912, 1462-2912 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Phylogeny KW - Bacteria KW - rRNA KW - Community composition KW - Data processing KW - Landscape KW - Primers KW - genomics KW - Computer applications KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1399916380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Comparative+metagenomic+and+rRNA+microbial+diversity+characterization+using+archaeal+and+bacterial+synthetic+communities&rft.au=Shakya%2C+Migun%3BQuince%2C+Christopher%3BCampbell%2C+James+H%3BYang%2C+Zamin+K%3BSchadt%2C+Christopher+W%3BPodar%2C+Mircea&rft.aulast=Shakya&rft.aufirst=Migun&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1882&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=14622912&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F1462-2920.12086 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; rRNA; Community composition; Data processing; Landscape; Primers; genomics; Computer applications; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12086 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of the ELOHA Framework to Regulated Rivers in the Upper Tennessee River Basin: A Case Study AN - 1372060291; 18153203 AB - In order for habitat restoration in regulated rivers to be effective at large scales, broadly applicable frameworks are needed that provide measurable objectives and contexts for management. The Ecological Limits of Hydrologic Alteration (ELOHA) framework was created as a template to assess hydrologic alterations, develop relationships between altered streamflow and ecology, and establish environmental flow standards. We tested the utility of ELOHA in informing flow restoration applications for fish and riparian communities in regulated rivers in the Upper Tennessee River Basin (UTRB). We followed the steps of ELOHA to generate univariate relationships between altered flows and ecology within the UTRB. By comparison, we constructed multivariate models to determine improvements in predictive capacity with the addition of non-flow variables. We then determined whether those relationships could predict fish and riparian responses to flow restoration in the Cheoah River, a regulated system within the UTRB. Although ELOHA provided a robust template to construct hydrologic information and predict hydrology for ungaged locations, our results do not suggest that univariate relationships between flow and ecology (step 4, ELOHA process) can produce results sufficient to guide flow restoration in regulated rivers. After constructing multivariate models, we successfully developed predictive relationships between flow alterations and fish/riparian responses. In accordance with model predictions, riparian encroachment displayed consistent decreases with increases in flow magnitude in the Cheoah River; however, fish richness did not increase as predicted 4 years after restoration. Our results suggest that altered temperature and substrate and the current disturbance regime may have reduced opportunities for fish species colonization. Our case study highlights the need for interdisciplinary science in defining environmental flows for regulated rivers and the need for adaptive management approaches once flows are restored. JF - Environmental Management AU - McManamay, Ryan A AU - Orth, Donald J AU - Dolloff, Charles A AU - Mathews, David C AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, mcmanamayra@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 1210 EP - 1235 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 51 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - River Basins KW - Regulated Rivers KW - Freshwater KW - Environmental factors KW - Models KW - Ecology KW - Colonization KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Case studies KW - Interspecific relationships KW - USA, Alabama, Tennessee R. KW - Riparian environments KW - Hydrology KW - River Flow KW - Temperature effects KW - Rivers KW - Case Studies KW - Temperature KW - River discharge KW - Adaptive management KW - River basins KW - Templates KW - Habitat KW - Habitat improvement KW - Fish KW - Disturbance KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372060291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Application+of+the+ELOHA+Framework+to+Regulated+Rivers+in+the+Upper+Tennessee+River+Basin%3A+A+Case+Study&rft.au=McManamay%2C+Ryan+A%3BOrth%2C+Donald+J%3BDolloff%2C+Charles+A%3BMathews%2C+David+C&rft.aulast=McManamay&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-013-0055-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 105 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Rivers; Colonization; Interspecific relationships; Habitat improvement; River discharge; River basins; Templates; Environmental factors; Temperature effects; Hydrology; Disturbance; Habitat; Models; Ecology; Case studies; Riparian environments; Adaptive management; Fish; River Basins; Hydrologic Models; Regulated Rivers; Case Studies; Temperature; River Flow; USA, Alabama, Tennessee R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-013-0055-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A global analysis of soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in terrestrial ecosystems AN - 1356930288; 18022002 AB - To estimate the concentrations, stoichiometry and storage of soil microbial biomass carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) at biome and global scales. We collected 3422 data points to summarize the concentrations and stoichiometry of C, N and P in soils, soil microbial biomass at global and biome levels, and to estimate the global storage of soil microbial biomass C and N. The results show that concentrations of C, N and P in soils and soil microbial biomass vary substantially across biomes; the fractions of soil elements C, N and P in soil microbial biomass are 1.2, 2.6 and 8.0%, respectively. The best estimates of C:N:P stoichiometry for soil elements and soil microbial biomass are 287:17:1 and 42:6:1, respectively, at global scale, and they vary in a wide range among biomes. The vertical distribution of soil microbial biomass follows the distribution of roots up to 1 m depth. The global storage of soil microbial biomass C and N were estimated to be 16.7 Pg C and 2.6 Pg N in the 0-30 cm soil profiles, and 23.2 Pg C and 3.7 Pg N in the 0-100 cm soil profiles. We did not estimate P in soil microbial biomass due to insufficient data and insignificant correlation between soil total P and climate variables used for spatial extrapolation. The spatial patterns of soil microbial biomass C and N were consistent with those of soil organic C and total N, i.e. high density in northern high latitude, and low density in low latitudes and the Southern Hemisphere.Original Abstract: Global. JF - Global Ecology and Biogeography AU - Xu, Xiaofeng AU - Thornton, Peter E AU - Post, Wilfred M AD - Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Science Division. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 737 EP - 749 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 22 IS - 6 SN - 1466-822X, 1466-822X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Vertical distribution KW - Data processing KW - Spatial distribution KW - Biogeography KW - Climate KW - Phosphorus KW - Roots KW - Soils (organic) KW - Biomass KW - Soil KW - Storage KW - Carbon KW - Terrestrial ecosystems KW - Soil profiles KW - Latitude KW - Nitrogen KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1356930288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Ecology+and+Biogeography&rft.atitle=A+global+analysis+of+soil+microbial+biomass+carbon%2C+nitrogen+and+phosphorus+in+terrestrial+ecosystems&rft.au=Xu%2C+Xiaofeng%3BThornton%2C+Peter+E%3BPost%2C+Wilfred+M&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Xiaofeng&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=737&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Ecology+and+Biogeography&rft.issn=1466822X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgeb.12029 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vertical distribution; Terrestrial ecosystems; Data processing; Carbon; Biogeography; Climate; Soil profiles; Phosphorus; Roots; Soils (organic); Biomass; Nitrogen; Storage; Soil; Spatial distribution; Latitude DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.12029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Porosity and surface area evolution during weathering of two igneous rocks AN - 1434007707; 2013-072199 AB - During weathering, rocks release nutrients and store water vital for growth of microbial and plant life. Thus, the growth of porosity as weathering advances into bedrock is a life-sustaining process for terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we use small-angle and ultra small-angle neutron scattering to show how porosity develops during initial weathering under tropical conditions of two igneous rock compositions, basaltic andesite and quartz diorite. The quartz diorite weathers spheroidally while the basaltic andesite does not. The weathering advance rates of the two systems also differ, perhaps due to this difference in mechanism, from 0.24 to 100 mm kyr (super -1) , respectively. The scattering data document how surfaces inside the feldspar-dominated rocks change as weathering advances into the protolith. In the unaltered rocks, neutrons scatter from two types of features whose dimensions vary from 6 nm to 40 mu m: pores and bumps on pore-grain surfaces. These features result in scattering data for both unaltered rocks that document multi-fractal behavior: scattering is best described by a mass fractal dimension (D (sub m) ) and a surface fractal dimension (D (sub s) ) for features of length scales greater than and less than approximately 1mu m, respectively. In the basaltic andesite, D (sub m) is approximately 2.9 and D (sub s) is approximately 2.7. The mechanism of solute transport during weathering of this rock is diffusion. Porosity and surface area increase from approximately 1.5% to 8.5% and 3 to 23 m (super 2) g (super -1) respectively in a relatively consistent trend across the mm-thick plagioclase reaction front. Across this front, both fractal dimensions decrease, consistent with development of a more monodisperse pore network with smoother pore surfaces. Both changes are consistent largely with increasing connectivity of pores without significant surface roughening, as expected for transport-limited weathering. In contrast, porosity and surface area increase from 1.3% to 9.5% and 1.5 to 13 m (super 2) g (super -1) respectively across a many cm-thick reaction front in the spheroidally weathering quartz diorite. In that rock, D (sub m) is approximately 2.8 and D (sub s) is approximately 2.5 prior to weathering. These two fractals transform during weathering to multiple surface fractals as micro-cracking reduces the size of diffusion-limited subzones of the matrix. Across the reaction front of plagioclase in the quartz diorite, the specific surface area and porosity change very little until the point where the rock disaggregates into saprolite. The different patterns in porosity development of the two rocks are attributed to advective infiltration plus diffusion in the rock that spheroidally fractures versus diffusion-only in the rock that does not. Fracturing apparently diminishes the size of the diffusion-limited parts of the spheroidally weathering rock system to promote infiltration of meteoric fluids, therefore explaining the faster weathering advance rate into that rock. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K AU - Cole, David R AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Jin, Lixin AU - Buss, Heather L AU - Brantley, Susan L Y1 - 2013/05/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 May 15 SP - 400 EP - 413 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 109 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - bedrock KW - meteoric water KW - chemical weathering KW - experimental studies KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - Costa Rica KW - connectivity KW - weathering KW - TEM data KW - samples KW - porosity KW - saprolite KW - plutonic rocks KW - chemical reactions KW - infiltration KW - geochemistry KW - fractals KW - Central America KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434007707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Porosity+and+surface+area+evolution+during+weathering+of+two+igneous+rocks&rft.au=Navarre-Sitchler%2C+Alexis+K%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BJin%2C+Lixin%3BBuss%2C+Heather+L%3BBrantley%2C+Susan+L&rft.aulast=Navarre-Sitchler&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft.date=2013-05-15&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=400&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.02.012 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; Central America; chemical reactions; chemical weathering; connectivity; Costa Rica; experimental studies; fractals; geochemistry; igneous rocks; infiltration; meteoric water; plutonic rocks; porosity; samples; saprolite; TEM data; volcanic rocks; weathering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.02.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Unified North American Soil Map and its implication on the soil organic carbon stock in North America AN - 1372058536; 18147572 AB - The Unified North American Soil Map (UNASM) was developed to provide more accurate regional soil information for terrestrial biosphere modeling. The UNASM combines information from state-of-the-art US STATSGO2 and Soil Landscape of Canada (SLCs) databases. The area not covered by these datasets is filled by using the Harmonized World Soil Database version 1.21 (HWSD1.21). The UNASM contains maximum soil depth derived from the data source as well as seven soil attributes (including sand, silt, and clay content, gravel content, organic carbon content, pH, and bulk density) for the topsoil layer (0-30 cm) and the subsoil layer (30-100 cm), respectively, of the spatial resolution of 0.25 degrees in latitude and longitude. There are pronounced differences in the spatial distributions of soil properties and soil organic carbon between UNASM and HWSD, but the UNASM overall provides more detailed and higher-quality information particularly in Alaska and central Canada. To provide more accurate and up-to-date estimate of soil organic carbon stock in North America, we incorporated Northern Circumpolar Soil Carbon Database (NCSCD) into the UNASM. The estimate of total soil organic carbon mass in the upper 100 cm soil profile based on the improved UNASM is 365.96 Pg, of which 23.1% is under trees, 14.1% is in shrubland, and 4.6% is in grassland and cropland. This UNASM data will provide a resource for use in terrestrial ecosystem modeling both for input of soil characteristics and for benchmarking model output. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Liu, S AU - Wei, Y AU - Post, WM AU - Cook, R B AU - Schaefer, K AU - Thornton, M M AD - Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2013/05/02/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 May 02 SP - 2915 EP - 2930 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 10 IS - 5 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Spatial distribution KW - Trees KW - Organic carbon KW - Soil characteristics KW - spatial discrimination KW - Biosphere KW - Clays KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Sand KW - Soil profiles KW - Soil properties KW - Sandy soils KW - pH effects KW - USA, Alaska KW - Clay KW - Data processing KW - Landscape KW - Subsoils KW - Soils (organic) KW - Soil depth KW - Grasslands KW - Databases KW - Terrestrial ecosystems KW - Canada KW - Longitude KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372058536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=The+Unified+North+American+Soil+Map+and+its+implication+on+the+soil+organic+carbon+stock+in+North+America&rft.au=Liu%2C+S%3BWei%2C+Y%3BPost%2C+WM%3BCook%2C+R+B%3BSchaefer%2C+K%3BThornton%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-05-02&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2915&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fbg-10-2915-2013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Spatial distribution; Trees; Landscape; Soil characteristics; Soils (organic); spatial discrimination; Biosphere; Clays; Databases; Grasslands; Soil depth; Carbon; Terrestrial ecosystems; Sand; Soil properties; Soil profiles; pH effects; Soil; Clay; Organic carbon; Subsoils; Sandy soils; Longitude; USA, Alaska; Canada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2915-2013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Involvement of auxin pathways in modulating root architecture during beneficial plant-microorganism interactions AN - 1694973349; 17926053 AB - The community of researchers studying molecular plant-microbe interactions under the banners of fundamental plant science, biofuel-bioenergy, and crop productivity and sustainability research is expanding rapidly. The review summarizes multiple, separate lines of evidences linking auxin transport, signaling, and synthesis pathways to beneficial plant-microbe interactions and modulations in host root architecture. Compelling physiology and functional genomics-based evidence was found in support of a delicate and precise orchestration of distinct root phenotypic effects achieved via a shared auxin biosynthesis and signaling machinery involving signaling crosstalk. A hypothetical and simplified model on role of auxin in beneficial plant-microbe interactions is presented, and outstanding research challenges and potential future directions are discussed. A wide variety of microorganisms known to produce auxin and auxin precursors form beneficial relationships with plants and alter host root development. Moreover, other signals produced by microorganisms affect auxin pathways in host plants. However, the precise role of auxin and auxin-signalling pathways in modulating plant-microbe interactions is unknown. Dissecting out the auxin synthesis, transport and signalling pathways resulting in the characteristic molecular, physiological and developmental response in plants will further illuminate upon how these intriguing inter-species interactions of environmental, ecological and economic significance occur. The present review seeks to survey and summarize the scattered evidence in support of known host root modifications brought about by beneficial microorganisms and implicate the role of auxin synthesis, transport and signal transduction in modulating beneficial effects in plants. Finally, through a synthesis of the current body of work, we present outstanding challenges and potential future research directions on studies related to auxin signalling in plant-microbe interactions. JF - Plant, Cell & Environment AU - Sukumar, Poornima AU - LEGUE, VALERIE AU - VAYSSIERES, ALICE AU - Martin, Francis AU - Tuskan, Gerald A AU - Kalluri, Udaya C AD - Biosciences Division. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 909 EP - 919 PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., 1105 N Market St Wilmington DE 19801 VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0140-7791, 0140-7791 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Reviews KW - Economics KW - Microorganisms KW - Plant communities KW - Roots KW - Host plants KW - Auxins KW - Crops KW - Signal transduction KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1694973349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant%2C+Cell+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Involvement+of+auxin+pathways+in+modulating+root+architecture+during+beneficial+plant-microorganism+interactions&rft.au=Sukumar%2C+Poornima%3BLEGUE%2C+VALERIE%3BVAYSSIERES%2C+ALICE%3BMartin%2C+Francis%3BTuskan%2C+Gerald+A%3BKalluri%2C+Udaya+C&rft.aulast=Sukumar&rft.aufirst=Poornima&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=909&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant%2C+Cell+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01407791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fpce.12036 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews; Economics; Plant communities; Microorganisms; Roots; Host plants; Crops; Auxins; Signal transduction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pce.12036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unraveling structural evolution of LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) by in situneutron diffraction AN - 1562669415; 20518393 AB - The electrochemical properties of the spinel LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) cathode material are influenced by the synthesis processes, which determines the impurity phase and the distribution of Ni and Mn in the spinel structure. Taking advantage of neutron's high sensitivity to Ni and Mn, in situneutron diffraction has been employed to quantify the phase formation/structural evolution process under continuous heating/cooling and isothermal annealing conditions. The results show that the subtle Ni and Mn ordering process occurs slowly at 700 degree C and the degree of ordering can be controlled by the annealing time. At temperatures above 750 degree C, the LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) spinel phase starts to decompose into the rock-salt impurity phase accompanied by the release of O sub(2). The rock-salt phase reverts back to the spinel phase upon cooling along with the oxygen uptake. The dynamic process of structural evolution of LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) that was unraveled by in situneutron diffraction is valuable for guiding the synthesis of cathode materials with desirable properties. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Cai, Lu AU - Liu, Zengcai AU - An, Ke AU - Liang, Chengdu AD - Chemical and Engineering Materials Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN 3783; USA; , kean@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 6908 EP - 6914 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 1 IS - 23 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Oxygen KW - Sensitivity KW - Energy KW - Temperature KW - Uptake KW - Electrochemistry KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562669415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Unraveling+structural+evolution+of+LiNi+sub%280.5%29Mn+sub%281.5%29O+sub%284%29+by+in+situneutron+diffraction&rft.au=Cai%2C+Lu%3BLiu%2C+Zengcai%3BAn%2C+Ke%3BLiang%2C+Chengdu&rft.aulast=Cai&rft.aufirst=Lu&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=6908&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta00145h LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensitivity; Oxygen; Energy; Temperature; Uptake; Electrochemistry; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta00145h ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavioral Responses of Representative Freshwater Fish Species to Electromagnetic Fields AN - 1412562435; 18248023 AB - Hydrokinetic energy is proposed as an environmentally preferred means of generating electricity from river and tidal currents. To resolve environmental concerns, it is important to investigate potential effects on aquatic organisms from the electromagnetic fields (EMFs) that are created by underwater generators and transmission cables. We evaluated the behavioral responses of some representative freshwater fishes to static and variable EMFs in a series of laboratory experiments. Fish were exposed for 46 h to a static (DC) EMF with a permanent bar magnet or to a variable (AC) EMF with an electromagnet. Fish locations were recorded with a digital imaging system, and changes in activity level and distribution relative to the magnet position were quantified at 5-min intervals. Experiments with Fathead Minnow Pimephales promelas, Redear Sunfish Lepomis microlophus, Striped Bass Morone saxatilis, Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens, and Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus produced mixed results. Except for Fathead Minnow, there was no effect on fish activity level. Only Redear Sunfish and Channel Catfish exhibited a change in distribution relative to the position of the magnet, with both species showing an apparent attraction to the EMF source. In a separate experiment, rapid behavioral responses of Paddlefish Polyodon spathula and Lake Sturgeon to the onset of an AC field were recorded with high-speed video. Paddlefish did not react to a variable, 60-Hz magnetic field (i.e., like that emitted by an AC generator or cable), but Lake Sturgeon consistently responded with a variety of altered swimming behaviors. These results will be useful for positioning cables or generators to minimize interactions with EMF-sensitive species. Received August 10, 2012; accepted February 16, 2013 JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Bevelhimer, Mark S AU - Cada, Glenn F AU - Fortner, Allison M AU - Schweizer, Peter E AU - Riemer, Kristina AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Post Office Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA, bevelhimerms@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/05/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 May 01 SP - 802 EP - 813 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 United States VL - 142 IS - 3 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Animal Behavior Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Electricity KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Environmental perception KW - Environmental factors KW - Acipenser fulvescens KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - Lakes KW - Acipenser KW - Adenylate cyclase KW - Rivers KW - Fish detection KW - Audiovisual materials KW - Freshwater environments KW - Swimming behavior KW - Environmental impact KW - Lepomis microlophus KW - Polyodon spathula KW - imaging KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - Imaging techniques KW - Magnetic fields KW - Pimephales promelas KW - Morone saxatilis KW - Magnets KW - Electric power generation KW - Energy KW - Fish KW - Cables KW - Q1 08345:Genetics and evolution KW - Y 25150:General/Miscellaneous KW - Q2 09102:Institutes and organizations KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412562435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Behavioral+Responses+of+Representative+Freshwater+Fish+Species+to+Electromagnetic+Fields&rft.au=Bevelhimer%2C+Mark+S%3BCada%2C+Glenn+F%3BFortner%2C+Allison+M%3BSchweizer%2C+Peter+E%3BRiemer%2C+Kristina&rft.aulast=Bevelhimer&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=142&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=802&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00028487.2013.778901 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fish detection; Audiovisual materials; Magnetic fields; Magnets; Environmental impact; Electricity; Cables; Freshwater fish; Environmental factors; Imaging techniques; Rivers; Aquatic organisms; Swimming behavior; Freshwater environments; Energy; imaging; Electromagnetic fields; Adenylate cyclase; Lakes; Electric power generation; Fish; Environmental perception; Pimephales promelas; Morone saxatilis; Acipenser; Polyodon spathula; Lepomis microlophus; Ictalurus punctatus; Acipenser fulvescens; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2013.778901 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Population Model to Assess Influences on the Viability of the Shortnose Sturgeon Population in the Ogeechee River, Georgia AN - 1412561590; 18248009 AB - Southern populations of the federally endangered Shortnose Sturgeon Acipenser brevirostrum are considered to be at greater risk of extirpation than northern populations. Our study focused on the Ogeechee River, Georgia, a small, undeveloped, coastal river that supports a population with fewer than 300 Shortnose Sturgeon. We designed a population viability analysis (PVA) model to represent and quantify the demographic influences of three factors (poor water quality, intrusion of saline water via rice canals, and incidental harvest) on the viability of this population. As an isolated population, only 75% of simulated populations persisted beyond a 20-year time horizon with all factors simulated. However, immigration from the Altamaha River may help to support the population. We quantified population persistence with and without simulating each factor and found that (1) incidental harvest had no effect on simulated persistence, (2) poor water quality decreased simulated persistence by 29%, primarily due to low oxygen conditions in summer, and (3) roughly one-third of this effect was attributed to rice canals (premature exposure of juveniles to high salinities). Simulated recruitment to age 1 was limited by a habitat squeeze between density-dependent starvation upstream near the spawning grounds and premature exposure to salinity downstream. These results highlight a need for research on availability of summer refuge and freshwater rearing habitat. As these results derived from a PVA model, which required many assumptions, they should be considered preliminary. Further field research is needed to confirm those results where it is possible to test intermediate predictions. We conclude by suggesting that efforts to maintain or increase the number of viable populations of Shortnose Sturgeon in southern U.S. rivers will probably require an understanding of (1) source-sink dynamics between populations in rivers with access to adequate freshwater rearing habitat and those without, and (2) the effects of climate change. Received January 19, 2012; accepted December 25, 2012 JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Jager, Henriette I AU - Peterson, Douglas L AU - Farrae, Daniel AU - Bevelhimer, Mark S AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6038, USA, jagerhi@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/05/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 May 01 SP - 731 EP - 746 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 United States VL - 142 IS - 3 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Age KW - Climatic changes KW - Climate change KW - Summer KW - Freshwater KW - Water quality KW - Models KW - Demography KW - Salinity KW - Acipenser KW - Salinity effects KW - Environmental effects KW - Upstream KW - Saline water KW - USA, Georgia, Ogeechee R. KW - Downstream KW - Acipenser brevirostrum KW - Starvation KW - Rivers KW - Immigration KW - Refuges KW - Freshwater environments KW - Spawning grounds KW - Recruitment KW - USA, Georgia, Altamaha R. KW - Oryza sativa KW - Habitat KW - Inland water environment KW - Oxygen KW - Canals KW - ASW, USA, Georgia KW - Freshwater aquaculture KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms KW - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412561590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=A+Population+Model+to+Assess+Influences+on+the+Viability+of+the+Shortnose+Sturgeon+Population+in+the+Ogeechee+River%2C+Georgia&rft.au=Jager%2C+Henriette+I%3BPeterson%2C+Douglas+L%3BFarrae%2C+Daniel%3BBevelhimer%2C+Mark+S&rft.aulast=Jager&rft.aufirst=Henriette&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=142&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00028487.2013.763853 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canals; Refuges; Climate change; Recruitment; Environmental effects; Saline water; Freshwater aquaculture; Water quality; Inland water environment; Rivers; Starvation; Age; Immigration; Freshwater environments; Spawning grounds; Climatic changes; Habitat; Models; Demography; Oxygen; Salinity effects; Prediction; Salinity; Upstream; Downstream; Summer; Acipenser brevirostrum; Acipenser; Oryza sativa; ASW, USA, Georgia; USA, Georgia, Altamaha R.; USA, Georgia, Ogeechee R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2013.763853 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kernel Density Estimation Method for Monte Carlo Point Detector and Surface Crossing Flux Tallies AN - 1372628774; 18099433 AB - Monte Carlo point detector and surface crossing flux tallies are two widely used tallies, but they suffer from an unbounded variance. As a result, the central limit theorem cannot be used for these tallies to estimate confidence intervals. By construction, kernel density estimator (KDE) tallies can be directly used to estimate flux at a point, but the variance of this point estimate does not converge as 1/N, which is not unexpected for a point quantity. However, an improved approach is to modify both point detector and surface crossing flux tallies directly by using KDE within a variance reduction approach and taking advantage of the fact that KDE estimates the underlying probability density function. This methodology is illustrated by several numerical examples and shows numerically that both the surface crossing tally and the point detector tally converge as 1/N (in variance), and both are asymptotically unbiased. JF - Nuclear Science and Engineering AU - Banerjee, Kaushik AU - Martin, William R AD - University of Michigan, Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 banerjeek@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 30 EP - 45 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc., 555 N. Kensington Ave. La Grange Park IL 60525 United States VL - 174 IS - 1 SN - 0029-5639, 0029-5639 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Estimates KW - Variance KW - Monte Carlo methods KW - Flux KW - Detectors KW - Density KW - Kernels KW - Asymptotic properties UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372628774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Science+and+Engineering&rft.atitle=Kernel+Density+Estimation+Method+for+Monte+Carlo+Point+Detector+and+Surface+Crossing+Flux+Tallies&rft.au=Banerjee%2C+Kaushik%3BMartin%2C+William+R&rft.aulast=Banerjee&rft.aufirst=Kaushik&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=174&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Science+and+Engineering&rft.issn=00295639&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neutron imaging reveals internal plant water dynamics AN - 1352285166; 17949839 AB - Background and aims: Knowledge of plant water fluxes is critical for assessing mechanistic processes linked to biogeochemical cycles, yet resolving root water transport dynamics has been a particularly daunting task. Our objectives were to demonstrate the ability to non-invasively monitor individual root functionality and water fluxes within Zea mays L. (maize) and Panicum virgatum L. (switchgrass) seedlings using neutron imaging. Methods: Seedlings were propagated for 1-3 weeks in aluminum chambers containing sand. Pulses of water or deuterium oxide were then tracked through the root systems by collecting consecutive radiographs during exposure to a cold-neutron source. Water flux was manipulated by cycling on a growth lamp to alter foliar demand for water. Results: Neutron radiography readily illuminated root structure, root growth, and relative plant and soil water content. After irrigation there was rapid root water uptake from the newly wetted soil, followed by hydraulic redistribution of water through the root system to roots terminating in dry soil. Water flux within individual roots responded differentially to foliar illumination based on supply and demand of water within the root system. Conclusions: Sub-millimeter scale image resolution revealed timing and magnitudes of root water uptake, redistribution within the roots, and root-shoot hydraulic linkages-relationships not well characterized by other techniques. JF - Plant and Soil AU - Warren, Jeffrey M AU - Bilheux, Hassina AU - Kang, Misun AU - Voisin, Sophie AU - Cheng, Chu-Lin AU - Horita, Juske AU - Perfect, Edmund AD - Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6301, USA, warrenjm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 683 EP - 693 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 366 IS - 1-2 SN - 0032-079X, 0032-079X KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - Deuterium KW - Roots KW - Water uptake KW - Soil KW - Growth KW - Zea mays KW - Sand KW - Absorption KW - oxides KW - Panicum virgatum KW - Plant Growth KW - Irrigation KW - Image processing KW - Water content KW - imaging KW - Imaging techniques KW - Neutrons KW - Illumination KW - Aluminum KW - Aluminium KW - Uptake KW - Seedlings KW - Radiography KW - Fluctuations KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 1030:Use of water of impaired quality KW - Q2 09283:Soil mechanics KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1352285166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+and+Soil&rft.atitle=Neutron+imaging+reveals+internal+plant+water+dynamics&rft.au=Warren%2C+Jeffrey+M%3BBilheux%2C+Hassina%3BKang%2C+Misun%3BVoisin%2C+Sophie%3BCheng%2C+Chu-Lin%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BPerfect%2C+Edmund&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=366&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=683&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+and+Soil&rft.issn=0032079X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11104-012-1579-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth; Aluminium; Irrigation; Deuterium; Uptake; Roots; Seedlings; Radiography; Imaging techniques; Hydraulics; Image processing; Water content; imaging; Soil; Neutrons; Water uptake; Illumination; Sand; Aluminum; oxides; Plant Growth; Absorption; Fluctuations; Panicum virgatum; Zea mays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1579-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vanadium L (sub 2,3) XANES experiments and first-principles multielectron calculations; impact of second-nearest neighboring cations on vanadium-bearing fresnoites AN - 1347457774; 2013-036659 AB - Transition-metal L (sub 2,3) XANES spectra are widely used to determine coordination and valence of the target ion. For decades, experimental fingerprinting, i.e., the comparison with spectra obtained from known reference compounds was the way to interpret spectral features. This approach was based on the common understanding that only anions in the first coordination sphere would determine the near-edge structure, and crystalline references were selected accordingly. Using ab initio charge-transfer multiplet calculations, we demonstrate that there is also a significant impact on spectral features from the second-nearest neighbor cations. This finding is exemplified for three fresnoite-type vanadates, namely Ba (sub 2) VSi (sub 2) O (sub 8) (BVS), K (sub 2) VV (sub 2) O (sub 8) (KVV), and Rb (sub 2) VV (sub 2) O (sub 8) (RVV). The theoretical treatment provides evidence that for the three compounds studied it is not variable bond lengths or bond angles between vanadium and oxygen that make the V-L (sub 2) (sub ,) (sub 3) XANES spectra different, but the interaction of the target vanadium ions with its neighboring cations (Si for BVS, V for KVV and RVV), which dominates. Therefore, we conclude that simple fingerprinting can result in misleading interpretations when interactions with second-nearest neighboring cations are not taken into account. Ab initio charge-transfer multiplet calculations of spectral shapes (theoretical fingerprinting) should be employed instead to get a deeper understanding of structure-spectra relationships, or the choice of reference spectra should take into account second-nearest neighbors. Our findings are similarly important for the interpretation of electron energy-loss near-edge (ELNES) spectra. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Hoeche, Thomas AU - Ikeno, Hidekazu AU - Maeder, Marisa AU - Henderson, Grant S AU - Blyth, Robert I R AU - Sales, Brian C AU - Tanaka, Isao Y1 - 2013/04// PY - 2013 DA - April 2013 SP - 665 EP - 670 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 98 IS - 4 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - numerical analysis KW - crystal structure KW - X-ray spectra KW - XANES spectra KW - fresnoite KW - theoretical studies KW - vanadium KW - vanadates KW - metals KW - oxides KW - cations KW - valency KW - spectra KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1347457774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Vanadium+L+%28sub+2%2C3%29+XANES+experiments+and+first-principles+multielectron+calculations%3B+impact+of+second-nearest+neighboring+cations+on+vanadium-bearing+fresnoites&rft.au=Hoeche%2C+Thomas%3BIkeno%2C+Hidekazu%3BMaeder%2C+Marisa%3BHenderson%2C+Grant+S%3BBlyth%2C+Robert+I+R%3BSales%2C+Brian+C%3BTanaka%2C+Isao&rft.aulast=Hoeche&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2013-04-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=665&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam.2013.4335 L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-02 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cations; crystal structure; experimental studies; fresnoite; metals; numerical analysis; oxides; silicates; spectra; theoretical studies; valency; vanadates; vanadium; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2013.4335 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GROMACS 4.5: a high-throughput and highly parallel open source molecular simulation toolkit AN - 1328519648; 17871508 AB - Motivation: Molecular simulation has historically been a low-throughput technique, but faster computers and increasing amounts of genomic and structural data are changing this by enabling large-scale automated simulation of, for instance, many conformers or mutants of biomolecules with or without a range of ligands. At the same time, advances in performance and scaling now make it possible to model complex biomolecular interaction and function in a manner directly testable by experiment. These applications share a need for fast and efficient software that can be deployed on massive scale in clusters, web servers, distributed computing or cloud resources.Results: Here, we present a range of new simulation algorithms and features developed during the past 4 years, leading up to the GROMACS 4.5 software package. The software now automatically handles wide classes of biomolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, and comes with all commonly used force fields for these molecules built-in. GROMACS supports several implicit solvent models, as well as new free-energy algorithms, and the software now uses multithreading for efficient parallelization even on low-end systems, including windows-based workstations. Together with hand-tuned assembly kernels and state-of-the-art parallelization, this provides extremely high performance and cost efficiency for high-throughput as well as massively parallel simulations. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Pronk, Sander AU - Pall, Szilard AU - Schulz, Roland AU - Larsson, Per AU - Bjelkmar, Paer AU - Apostolov, Rossen AU - Shirts, Michael R AU - Smith, Jeremy C AU - Kasson, Peter M AU - van der Spoel, David AU - Hess, Berk AU - Lindahl, Erik AD - super(1)Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm and Uppsala, 171 21 Stockholm, Sweden, super(2)Theoretical and Computational Biophysics, Dept. Theoretical Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden, super(3)UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831 Oak Ridge, TN, USA, super(4)Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA, super(5)Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, super(6)Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA, super(7)Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Biomembrane Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden, super(8)Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA and super(9[/supersc) Y1 - 2013/04/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Apr 01 SP - 845 EP - 854 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 29 IS - 7 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Lipids KW - Computers KW - Algorithms KW - Solvents KW - Free energy KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - nucleic acids KW - Kernels KW - Bioinformatics KW - genomics KW - Scaling KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328519648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=GROMACS+4.5%3A+a+high-throughput+and+highly+parallel+open+source+molecular+simulation+toolkit&rft.au=Pronk%2C+Sander%3BPall%2C+Szilard%3BSchulz%2C+Roland%3BLarsson%2C+Per%3BBjelkmar%2C+Paer%3BApostolov%2C+Rossen%3BShirts%2C+Michael+R%3BSmith%2C+Jeremy+C%3BKasson%2C+Peter+M%3Bvan+der+Spoel%2C+David%3BHess%2C+Berk%3BLindahl%2C+Erik&rft.aulast=Pronk&rft.aufirst=Sander&rft.date=2013-04-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=845&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtt055 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; software; nucleic acids; Computers; Lipids; Solvents; Algorithms; Kernels; genomics; Bioinformatics; Scaling; Free energy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt055 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources of mercury in a contaminated stream--implications for the timescale of recovery. AN - 1318093188; 23297245 AB - Mercury contamination in East Fork Poplar Creek in Tennessee arises from dissolved mercury exiting a headwater industrial complex and residual mercury in the streambed and soil throughout the watershed downstream. The headwater inputs generate chronic base flow concentrations of total mercury of about 1,000 ng/L, but most of the annual export of mercury from the system appears to originate farther downstream. Effective targeting of remedial efforts requires determining how long downstream sources might continue to contaminate the system following elimination of the headwater mercury inputs. The authors calculations suggest that (1) contaminated soils and sediments account for >80% of the annual mercury export from the entire watershed, with most export occurring during wet weather events; (2) bank erosion and resuspension of streambed particulates are the major mercury sources maintaining high annual mercury export rates; and (3) the inventory of particle-associated mercury in the streambed was not large enough to sustain the estimated export rates for more than a few years. The authors findings imply that to prevent waterborne mercury contamination in this system from continuing for decades, remedial actions will have to control the headwater mercury source that sustains day-to-day base flow mercury concentrations and the riparian stream-bank sources that generate most of the mercury export from the system. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Southworth, George AU - Mathews, Teresa AU - Greeley, Mark AU - Peterson, Mark AU - Brooks, Scott AU - Ketelle, Dick AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2013/04// PY - 2013 DA - April 2013 SP - 764 EP - 772 VL - 32 IS - 4 KW - Soil KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Tennessee KW - Soil -- chemistry KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Rivers -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1318093188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Sources+of+mercury+in+a+contaminated+stream--implications+for+the+timescale+of+recovery.&rft.au=Southworth%2C+George%3BMathews%2C+Teresa%3BGreeley%2C+Mark%3BPeterson%2C+Mark%3BBrooks%2C+Scott%3BKetelle%2C+Dick&rft.aulast=Southworth&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2013-04-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=1552-8618&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fetc.2115 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2013-07-18 N1 - Date created - 2013-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2115 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effects of Surface Modification Conditions on Hydrophobicity of Silica-Based Coating Additives T2 - 68th Annual Meeting of the National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2013) AN - 1369229219; 6214764 JF - 68th Annual Meeting of the National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2013) AU - Pawel, Steven AU - Hillesheim, Daniel AU - Armstrong, Beth AU - Hunter, Scott AU - Haynes, J Y1 - 2013/03/17/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Mar 17 KW - Coating materials KW - Hydrophobicity KW - Additives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1369229219?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=68th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2013%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Surface+Modification+Conditions+on+Hydrophobicity+of+Silica-Based+Coating+Additives&rft.au=Pawel%2C+Steven%3BHillesheim%2C+Daniel%3BArmstrong%2C+Beth%3BHunter%2C+Scott%3BHaynes%2C+J&rft.aulast=Pawel&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2013-03-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=68th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.nace.org/cstm/Events/Schedule.aspx?id=3c0b3545-0379-e111-ba5a-0050569a007b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-31 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-19 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Cyclic Oxidation Behavior and Durability of ODS-FeCrAl Alloys in H2O and CO2 Rich Environments T2 - 68th Annual Meeting of the National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2013) AN - 1369227869; 6214655 JF - 68th Annual Meeting of the National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2013) AU - Dryepondt, Sebastien AU - Rouaix-Vande Put, Aurelie AU - Pint, Bruce Y1 - 2013/03/17/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Mar 17 KW - Oxidation KW - Toughness KW - Alloys KW - alloys KW - Carbon dioxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1369227869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=68th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2013%29&rft.atitle=Cyclic+Oxidation+Behavior+and+Durability+of+ODS-FeCrAl+Alloys+in+H2O+and+CO2+Rich+Environments&rft.au=Dryepondt%2C+Sebastien%3BRouaix-Vande+Put%2C+Aurelie%3BPint%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Dryepondt&rft.aufirst=Sebastien&rft.date=2013-03-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=68th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.nace.org/cstm/Events/Schedule.aspx?id=3c0b3545-0379-e111-ba5a-0050569a007b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-31 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Genetic Basis for Bacterial Mercury Methylation AN - 1551628118; 20373389 AB - Mercury Methylating Microbes. Mercury (Hg) most commonly becomes bioavailable and enters the food web as the organic form methylmercury, where it induces acute toxicity effects that can be magnified up the food chain. But most natural and anthropogenic Hg exists as inorganic Hg2+ and is only transformed into methylmercury by anaerobic microorganisms-typically sulfur-reducing bacteria. Using comparative genomics, Parks et al. (p. 1332, published online 7 February; see the Perspective by Poulain and Barkay) identified two genes that encode a corrinoid and iron-sulfur proteins in six known Hg-methylating bacteria but were absent in nonmethylating bacteria. In two distantly related model Hg-methylating bacteria, deletion of either gene-or both genes simultaneously-reduced the ability for the bacteria to produce methylmercury but did not impair cellular growth. The presence of this two-gene cluster in several other bacterial and lineages for which genome sequences are available suggests the ability to produce methylmercury may be more broadly distributed in the microbial world than previously recognized. JF - Science AU - Parks, Jerry M AU - Johs, Alexander AU - Podar, Mircea AU - Bridou, Romain AU - Hurt, Richard A AU - Smith, Steven D AU - Tomanicek, Stephen J AU - Qian, Yun AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Brandt, Craig C AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Smith, Jeremy C AU - Wall, Judy D AU - Elias, Dwayne A AU - Liang, Liyuan AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, liangl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/03/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Mar 15 SP - 1332 EP - 1335 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW Washington DC 20005 United States VL - 339 IS - 6125 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Bacteria KW - Food chains KW - Anaerobic microorganisms KW - Acute toxicity KW - sulfur-reducing bacteria KW - corrinoids KW - Dimethylmercury KW - iron-sulfur proteins KW - Mercury KW - genomics KW - Methylation KW - Food webs KW - Internet KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - X 24360:Metals KW - G 07770:Bacteria KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1551628118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=The+Genetic+Basis+for+Bacterial+Mercury+Methylation&rft.au=Parks%2C+Jerry+M%3BJohs%2C+Alexander%3BPodar%2C+Mircea%3BBridou%2C+Romain%3BHurt%2C+Richard+A%3BSmith%2C+Steven+D%3BTomanicek%2C+Stephen+J%3BQian%2C+Yun%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D%3BBrandt%2C+Craig+C%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BSmith%2C+Jeremy+C%3BWall%2C+Judy+D%3BElias%2C+Dwayne+A%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan&rft.aulast=Parks&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft.date=2013-03-15&rft.volume=339&rft.issue=6125&rft.spage=1332&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1230667 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sulfur-reducing bacteria; Food chains; corrinoids; iron-sulfur proteins; Dimethylmercury; Mercury; Anaerobic microorganisms; Acute toxicity; genomics; Methylation; Internet; Food webs; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1230667 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Catching the PHEVer: Simulating Electric Vehicle Diffusion with an Agent-Based Mixed Logit Model of Vehicle Choice AN - 1364702434; 201322731 AB - This research develops then merges two separate models to simulate electric vehicle diffusion through recreation of the Boston metropolitan statistical area vehicle market place. The first model is a mixed (random parameters) logistic regression applied to data from the US Department of Transportation's 2009 National Household Travel Survey. The second, agent-based model simulates social network interactions through which agents' vehicle choice sets are endogenously determined. Parameters from the first model are applied to the choice sets determined in the second. Results indicate that electric vehicles as a percentages of vehicle stock range from 1% to 22% in the Boston metropolitan statistical area in the year 2030, percentages being highly dependent on scenario specifications. A lower price is the main source of competitive advantage for vehicles but other characteristics, such as vehicle classification and range, are demonstrated to influence consumer choice. Government financial incentive availability leads to greater market shares in the beginning years and helps to spread diffusion in later years due to an increased base of initial adopters. Although seen as a potential hindrance to EV diffusion, battery cost scenarios have relatively small impacts on EV diffusion in comparison to policy, range, miles per gallon (MPG), and vehicle miles travelled (VMT) as a percentage of range assumptions. Pessimistic range assumptions decrease overall PHEV and BEV percentages of vehicle stock by 50% and 30%, respectively, relative to the EPA-estimated range scenarios. Fuel cost scenarios do not considerably alter estimated BEV and PHEV stock but increase the ratio of car stock to light truck stock in the internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle spectrum. Specifically, cars are estimated at 55% of ICE vehicle stock in the default fuel price scenario but increase to 62% of ICE vehicle stock in the high world oil price scenario, with LTs covering the appropriate differences. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation AU - Brown, Maxwell AD - Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education's Advanced Short Term Research Opportunity at the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States maxwell.l.brown@gmail.com Y1 - 2013/03// PY - 2013 DA - March 2013 PB - University of Surrey, Guildford UK VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 1460-7425, 1460-7425 KW - Electric Vehicle, Diffusion, Mixed Logit, Vehicle Choice, Network Effects KW - Recreation KW - Transportation KW - Petroleum KW - Fuels KW - Boston, Massachusetts KW - Choices KW - United States of America KW - Consumers KW - Markets KW - article KW - 0161: methodology and research technology; models: mathematical & other UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1364702434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Artificial+Societies+and+Social+Simulation&rft.atitle=Catching+the+PHEVer%3A+Simulating+Electric+Vehicle+Diffusion+with+an+Agent-Based+Mixed+Logit+Model+of+Vehicle+Choice&rft.au=Brown%2C+Maxwell&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Maxwell&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Artificial+Societies+and+Social+Simulation&rft.issn=14607425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.soc.surrey.ac.uk/JASSS/JASSS.html LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Choices; Boston, Massachusetts; Markets; Fuels; Transportation; Petroleum; Recreation; Consumers; United States of America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating Pore-size Distributions of Moderately Hydrophobic Mesoporous Solids AN - 1349464954; 17905736 AB - In this paper, standard reduced data for adsorption of nitrogen on moderately hydrophobic surface are reported. This surface was obtained by chemical modification of macroporous silica with 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane. In addition, the statistical film thickness, t curve, is derived using these data and nitrogen adsorption isotherms measured on two large-pore ordered mesoporous silica MCM-41 samples modified with the same organosilane. The application of these reference adsorption data is shown in the evaluation of pore-size distribution and in the related characterization of mesoporous materials with moderate surface hydrophobicity. JF - Adsorption Science and Technology AU - Gierszal, Kamil AU - Kruk, Michal AU - Jaroniec, Mietek AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.A. Y1 - 2013/03// PY - 2013 DA - Mar 2013 SP - 153 EP - 164 PB - Multi-Science Publishing Co. Ltd. VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0263-6174, 0263-6174 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Estimating KW - Solids KW - Evaluation KW - Silica KW - Adsorption KW - Standards KW - Isotherms KW - Nitrogen KW - Films KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1349464954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Adsorption+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Estimating+Pore-size+Distributions+of+Moderately+Hydrophobic+Mesoporous+Solids&rft.au=Gierszal%2C+Kamil%3BKruk%2C+Michal%3BJaroniec%2C+Mietek&rft.aulast=Gierszal&rft.aufirst=Kamil&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Adsorption+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02636174&rft_id=info:doi/10.1260%2F0263-6174.31.2-3.153 L2 - http://multi-science.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&;id=3MRT118116774K83 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Isotherms; Evaluation; Silica; Estimating; Adsorption; Solids; Standards; Films; Nitrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0263-6174.31.2-3.153 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodesulfobacterium geofontis sp. nov., a hyperthermophilic, sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from Obsidian Pool, Yellowstone National Park AN - 1318696481; 17769633 AB - A novel sulfate-reducing bacterium designated OPF15 super(T) was isolated from Obsidian Pool, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. The phylogeny of 16S rRNA and functional genes (dsrAB) placed the organism within the family Thermodesulfobacteriaceae. The organism displayed hyperthermophilic temperature requirements for growth with a range of 70-90 degree C and an optimum of 83 degree C. Optimal pH was around 6.5-7.0 and the organism required the presence of H sub(2) or formate as an electron donor and CO sub(2) as a carbon source. Electron acceptors supporting growth included sulfate, thiosulfate, and elemental sulfur. Lactate, acetate, pyruvate, benzoate, oleic acid, and ethanol did not serve as electron donors. Membrane lipid analysis revealed diacyl glycerols and acyl/ether glycerols which ranged from C sub(14:0) to C sub(20:0). Alkyl chains present in acyl/ether and diether glycerol lipids ranged from C sub(16:0) to C sub(18:0). Straight, iso- and anteiso-configurations were found for all lipid types. The presence of OPF15 super(T) was also shown to increase cellulose consumption during co-cultivation with Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis, a fermentative, cellulolytic extreme thermophile isolated from the same environment. On the basis of phylogenetic, phenotypic, and structural analyses, Thermodesulfobacterium geofontis sp. nov. is proposed as a new species with OPF15 super(T) representing the type strain. JF - Extremophiles AU - Hamilton-Brehm, Scott D AU - Gibson, Robert A AU - Green, Stefan J AU - Hopmans, Ellen C AU - Schouten, Stefan AU - Meer, Marcel TJ AU - Shields, John P AU - Damste, Jaap SS AU - Elkins, James G AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, BioEnergy Science Center, MS6038, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, elkinsjg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/03// PY - 2013 DA - Mar 2013 SP - 251 EP - 263 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 1431-0651, 1431-0651 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Sulfur KW - Benzoic acid KW - Sulphur KW - Lipids KW - Cellulose KW - Structural analysis KW - National parks KW - Carbon sources KW - Phenotypes KW - Growth KW - Pyruvic acid KW - Thermodesulfobacterium KW - thiosulfate KW - Caldicellulosiruptor KW - Ethers KW - pH effects KW - Phylogenetics KW - Ethanol KW - Phylogeny KW - Bacteria KW - USA, Wyoming KW - Lactate KW - Temperature requirements KW - Acetic acid KW - Sulfate KW - Glycerol KW - USA, Wyoming, Yellowstone Natl. Park, Obsidian Pool KW - Obsidian KW - Lactic acid KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Oleic acid KW - rRNA 16S KW - New species KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - Q1 08202:Geographical distribution KW - Q4 27700:Molecular Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1318696481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Extremophiles&rft.atitle=Thermodesulfobacterium+geofontis+sp.+nov.%2C+a+hyperthermophilic%2C+sulfate-reducing+bacterium+isolated+from+Obsidian+Pool%2C+Yellowstone+National+Park&rft.au=Hamilton-Brehm%2C+Scott+D%3BGibson%2C+Robert+A%3BGreen%2C+Stefan+J%3BHopmans%2C+Ellen+C%3BSchouten%2C+Stefan%3BMeer%2C+Marcel+TJ%3BShields%2C+John+P%3BDamste%2C+Jaap+SS%3BElkins%2C+James+G&rft.aulast=Hamilton-Brehm&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Extremophiles&rft.issn=14310651&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00792-013-0512-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth; Sulphur; Lactate; Structural analysis; Obsidian; Carbon dioxide; Phenotypes; Phylogenetics; New species; Phylogeny; Sulfur; Benzoic acid; Lipids; Cellulose; National parks; Temperature requirements; Carbon sources; Acetic acid; Sulfate; Glycerol; Pyruvic acid; thiosulfate; Lactic acid; Ethers; rRNA 16S; pH effects; Oleic acid; Ethanol; Bacteria; Thermodesulfobacterium; Caldicellulosiruptor; USA, Wyoming; USA, Wyoming, Yellowstone Natl. Park, Obsidian Pool DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00792-013-0512-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Layer-by-layer templated assembly of silica at the nanoscale. AN - 1289476577; 23360298 AB - Bioinspired bottom-up assembly and layer-by-layer (LbL) construction of inorganic materials from lithographically defined organic templates enables the fabrication of nanostructured systems under mild temperature and pH conditions. Such processes open the door to low-impact manufacturing and facile recycling of hybrid materials for energy, biology, and information technologies. Here, templated LbL assembly of silica was achieved using a combination of electron beam lithography, chemical lift-off, and aqueous solution chemistry. Nanopatterns of lines, honeycomb-lattices, and dot arrays were defined in polymer resist using electron beam lithography. Following development, exposed areas of silicon were functionalized with a vapor deposited amine-silane monolayer. Silicic acid solutions of varying pH and salt content were reacted with the patterned organic amine-functional templates. Vapor treatment and solution reaction could be repeated, allowing LbL deposition. Conditions for the silicic acid deposition had a strong effect on thickness of each layer, and the morphology of the amorphous silica formed. "Defects" in the arrays of silica nanostructures were minor and do not affect the overall organization of the layers. The bioinspired method described here facilitates the bottom-up assembly of inorganic nanostructures defined in three dimensions and provides a path, via LbL processing, for the construction of layered hybrid materials under mild conditions. JF - Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids AU - Hinestrosa, Juan Pablo AU - Sutton, Jonathan E AU - Allison, David P AU - Doktycz, Mitchel J AU - Messman, Jamie M AU - Retterer, Scott T AD - Center for Nanophase Material Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. Y1 - 2013/02/19/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Feb 19 SP - 2193 EP - 2199 VL - 29 IS - 7 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Microscopy, Atomic Force KW - Nanotechnology KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Nanostructures -- chemistry KW - Silicon Dioxide -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1289476577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Langmuir+%3A+the+ACS+journal+of+surfaces+and+colloids&rft.atitle=Layer-by-layer+templated+assembly+of+silica+at+the+nanoscale.&rft.au=Hinestrosa%2C+Juan+Pablo%3BSutton%2C+Jonathan+E%3BAllison%2C+David+P%3BDoktycz%2C+Mitchel+J%3BMessman%2C+Jamie+M%3BRetterer%2C+Scott+T&rft.aulast=Hinestrosa&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft.date=2013-02-19&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Langmuir+%3A+the+ACS+journal+of+surfaces+and+colloids&rft.issn=1520-5827&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fla3042204 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2013-08-30 N1 - Date created - 2013-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la3042204 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Direct Imaging of Atomic Structures T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2013) AN - 1369226798; 6213158 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2013) AU - Pennycook, Stephen Y1 - 2013/02/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Feb 14 KW - Imaging techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1369226798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2013%29&rft.atitle=Direct+Imaging+of+Atomic+Structures&rft.au=Pennycook%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Pennycook&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2013-02-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2013/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-31 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Indicators of Biofuel Sustainability: What About Context? AN - 1770341308; 17683548 AB - Indicators of the environmental sustainability of biofuel production, distribution, and use should be selected, measured, and interpreted with respect to the context in which they are used. The context of a sustainability assessment includes the purpose, the particular biofuel production and distribution system, policy conditions, stakeholder values, location, temporal influences, spatial scale, baselines, and reference scenarios. We recommend that biofuel sustainability questions be formulated with respect to the context, that appropriate indicators of environmental sustainability be developed or selected from more generic suites, and that decision makers consider context in ascribing meaning to indicators. In addition, considerations such as technical objectives, varying values and perspectives of stakeholder groups, indicator cost, and availability and reliability of data need to be understood and considered. Sustainability indicators for biofuels are most useful if adequate historical data are available, information can be collected at appropriate spatial and temporal scales, organizations are committed to use indicator information in the decision-making process, and indicators can effectively guide behavior toward more sustainable practices. JF - Environmental Management AU - Efroymson, Rebecca A AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Kline, Keith L AU - McBride, Allen C AU - Bielicki, Jeffrey M AU - Smith, Raymond L AU - Parish, Esther S AU - Schweizer, Peter E AU - Shaw, Denice M AD - Center for BioEnergy Sustainability, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA efroymsonra@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/02// PY - 2013 DA - February 2013 SP - 291 EP - 306 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 51 IS - 2 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Decision making KW - Temporal logic KW - Assessments KW - Availability KW - Fuels KW - Indicators KW - Environment management KW - Sustainability UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770341308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Environmental+Indicators+of+Biofuel+Sustainability%3A+What+About+Context%3F&rft.au=Efroymson%2C+Rebecca+A%3BDale%2C+Virginia+H%3BKline%2C+Keith+L%3BMcBride%2C+Allen+C%3BBielicki%2C+Jeffrey+M%3BSmith%2C+Raymond+L%3BParish%2C+Esther+S%3BSchweizer%2C+Peter+E%3BShaw%2C+Denice+M&rft.aulast=Efroymson&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-012-9907-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 130 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9907-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying and relating land-surface and subsurface variability in permafrost environments using LiDAR and surface geophysical datasets AN - 1400618499; 2013-055343 AB - The value of remote sensing and surface geophysical data for characterizing the spatial variability and relationships between land-surface and subsurface properties was explored in an Alaska (USA) coastal plain ecosystem. At this site, a nested suite of measurements was collected within a region where the land surface was dominated by polygons, including: LiDAR data; ground-penetrating radar, electromagnetic, and electrical-resistance tomography data; active-layer depth, soil temperature, soil-moisture content, soil texture, soil carbon and nitrogen content; and pore-fluid cations. LiDAR data were used to extract geomorphic metrics, which potentially indicate drainage potential. Geophysical data were used to characterize active-layer depth, soil-moisture content, and permafrost variability. Cluster analysis of the LiDAR and geophysical attributes revealed the presence of three spatial zones, which had unique distributions of geomorphic, hydrological, thermal, and geochemical properties. The correspondence between the LiDAR-based geomorphic zonation and the geophysics-based active-layer and permafrost zonation highlights the significant linkage between these ecosystem compartments. This study suggests the potential of combining LiDAR and surface geophysical measurements for providing high-resolution information about land-surface and subsurface properties as well as their spatial variations and linkages, all of which are important for quantifying terrestrial-ecosystem evolution and feedbacks to climate. Copyright 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg and 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg (outside the USA) JF - Hydrogeology Journal AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Gangodagamage, C AU - Dafflon, B AU - Wainwright, H AU - Peterson, J AU - Gusmeroli, A AU - Ulrich, C AU - Wu, Y AU - Wilson, C J AU - Rowland, J AU - Tweedie, C AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Hinzman, Larry D AU - Destouni, Georgia AU - Woo, Ming-ko Y1 - 2013/02// PY - 2013 DA - February 2013 SP - 149 EP - 169 PB - Springer, Berlin - Heidelberg VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 1431-2174, 1431-2174 KW - United States KW - terrestrial environment KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - apparent resistivity KW - laser methods KW - spatial data KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - ecosystems KW - coastal plains KW - Barrow Alaska KW - cluster analysis KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - Arctic Ocean KW - ecology KW - interpretation KW - buried features KW - hydrology KW - soil mechanics KW - high-resolution methods KW - drainage KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - porous materials KW - Arctic Coastal Plain KW - measurement KW - lidar methods KW - frost action KW - Alaska KW - Brooks Range KW - active layer KW - remote sensing KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400618499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.atitle=Quantifying+and+relating+land-surface+and+subsurface+variability+in+permafrost+environments+using+LiDAR+and+surface+geophysical+datasets&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+S+S%3BGangodagamage%2C+C%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BWainwright%2C+H%3BPeterson%2C+J%3BGusmeroli%2C+A%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BWu%2C+Y%3BWilson%2C+C+J%3BRowland%2C+J%3BTweedie%2C+C%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BHinzman%2C+Larry+D%3BDestouni%2C+Georgia%3BWoo%2C+Ming-ko&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.issn=14312174&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10040-012-0939-y L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/102028/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 86 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; Alaska; Arctic Coastal Plain; apparent resistivity; Arctic Ocean; Barrow Alaska; Brooks Range; buried features; cluster analysis; coastal plains; data acquisition; data processing; degradation; drainage; ecology; ecosystems; electromagnetic methods; frost action; geophysical methods; ground-penetrating radar; high-resolution methods; hydrology; interpretation; laser methods; lidar methods; measurement; moisture; permafrost; porous materials; radar methods; remote sensing; sediments; soil mechanics; spatial data; statistical analysis; terrestrial environment; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-012-0939-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sonochemical functionalization of mesoporous carbon for uranium extraction from seawater AN - 1372657597; 18158495 AB - Extracting uranium from seawater is challenging due to its low concentration (3.3 ppb) and the myriad of competing ions. Mesoporous carbon materials provide a high surface area alternative to the traditional polymeric fiber braids developed for seawater extractions, specifically uranium extraction. In this work, sonochemical grafting of acrylonitrile onto the pores of soft-templated mesoporous carbons followed by its conversion to amidoxime functionalities was used to prepare an effective sorbent material with a high density of binding sites. Pore blockage, often observed for free radical polymerization, leads to poor adsorbent performance but can be easily overcome by the use of ultrasound during polymerization. Parameters such as surface area and surface pre-treatment, sonication intensity, solvent system, and monomer/initiator ratios were varied to optimize the polymerization and uranium adsorption capacity while not blocking the porosity, a significant hurdle in the utilization of functionalized porous materials. The results show that neither the surface oxidation with nitric acid nor CO sub(2) activation alone is sufficient to cause significant improvement in grafting and uranium uptake. However, when coupled together, a greatly enhanced performance of the adsorbent materials was observed. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Gorka, Joanna AU - Mayes, Richard T AU - Baggetto, Loic AU - Veith, Gabriel M AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Chemical Sciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA; +1 865-576-5235; +1 865-576-730; , dais@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/02// PY - 2013 DA - Feb 2013 SP - 3016 EP - 3026 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 1 IS - 9 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Uranium KW - Seawater KW - Surface area KW - Porosity KW - Solvents KW - Nitric acid KW - Uptake KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372657597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Sonochemical+functionalization+of+mesoporous+carbon+for+uranium+extraction+from+seawater&rft.au=Gorka%2C+Joanna%3BMayes%2C+Richard+T%3BBaggetto%2C+Loic%3BVeith%2C+Gabriel+M%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Gorka&rft.aufirst=Joanna&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3016&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2ta01008a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Surface area; Seawater; Uranium; Porosity; Solvents; Uptake; Nitric acid; Carbon dioxide; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2ta01008a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remote monitoring of freeze-thaw transitions in arctic soils using the complex resistivity method AN - 1320158922; 2013-030633 AB - Our ability to monitor freeze-thaw transitions is critical to developing a predictive understanding of biogeochemical transitions and carbon dynamics in high latitude environments. In this study, we conducted laboratory column experiments to explore the potential of the complex resistivity method for monitoring the freeze-thaw transitions of the arctic permafrost soils. Samples for the experiment were collected from the upper active layer of Gelisol soils at the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) in Barrow, Alaska. Freeze-thaw transitions were induced through exposing the soil column to controlled temperature environments at 4 and -20 degrees C. Complex resistivity and temperature measurements were collected regularly during the freeze-thaw transitions using electrodes and temperature sensors installed along the column. During the experiments, over two orders of magnitude of resistivity variations were observed when the temperature was increased or decreased between -20 and 0 degrees C. Smaller resistivity variations were also observed during the isothermal thawing or freezing processes that occurred near 0 degrees C. Single frequency electrical phase response and imaginary conductivity at 1 Hz were found to be exclusively related to the unfrozen water in the soil matrix, suggesting that these geophysical attributes can be used as a proxy for the monitoring of the onset and progression of the freeze-thaw transitions. Spectral electrical responses and fitted Cole-Cole parameters contained additional information about the freeze-thaw transition affected by the soil grain size distribution. Specifically, a shift of the observed spectral response to lower frequency was observed during the isothermal thawing process, which we interpret to be due to sequential thawing, first from fine particles and then to coarse particles within the soil matrix. Our study demonstrates the potential of the complex resistivity method for remote monitoring of freeze-thaw transitions in arctic soils. Although conducted at the laboratory scale, this study provides the foundation for exploring the potential of the complex resistivity signals for monitoring spatiotemporal variations of freeze-thaw transitions over field-relevant scales. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Wu, Yuxin AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Wullschleger, Stan D Y1 - 2013/02// PY - 2013 DA - February 2013 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 12 IS - 1 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - permafrost KW - Barrow Environmental Observatory KW - Arctic region KW - northern Alaska KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - Barrow Quadrangle KW - resistivity KW - freezing KW - Arctic Coastal Plain KW - thawing KW - Barrow Alaska KW - laboratory studies KW - frost action KW - direct-current methods KW - Alaska KW - active layer KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1320158922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Remote+monitoring+of+freeze-thaw+transitions+in+arctic+soils+using+the+complex+resistivity+method&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yuxin%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BUlrich%2C+Craig%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yuxin&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2012.0062 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 84 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-03-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; Alaska; Arctic Coastal Plain; Arctic region; Barrow Alaska; Barrow Environmental Observatory; Barrow Quadrangle; direct-current methods; electrical methods; experimental studies; freezing; frost action; geophysical methods; laboratory studies; northern Alaska; permafrost; resistivity; soils; thawing; tomography; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2012.0062 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diagenetic changes in macro to nanoscale porosity in the St. Peter Sandstone; an (ultra) small angle neutron scattering and backscattered electron imaging analysis AN - 1320156933; 2013-030449 AB - Small- and ultra-small angle neutron scattering (SANS and USANS) provide powerful tools for quantitative analysis of porous rocks, yielding bulk statistical information over a wide range of length scales. This study utilized (U)SANS to characterize shallowly buried quartz arenites from the St. Peter Sandstone. Backscattered electron imaging was also used to extend the data to larger scales. These samples contain significant volumes of large-scale porosity, modified by quartz overgrowths, and neutron scattering results show significant sub-micron porosity. While previous scattering data from sandstones suggest scattering is dominated by surface fractal behavior over many orders of magnitude, careful analysis of our data shows both fractal and pseudo-fractal behavior. The scattering curves are composed of subtle steps, modeled as polydispersed assemblages of pores with log-normal distributions. However, in some samples an additional surface-fractal overprint is present, while in others there is no such structure, and scattering can be explained by summation of non-fractal structures. Combined with our work on other rock-types, these data suggest that nanoporosity is more prevalent, and may play a much more important role than previously thought in fluid/rock interactions. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Cole, D R AU - Rother, G AU - Allard, L F AU - Jackson, A J AU - Littrell, K C Y1 - 2013/02/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Feb 01 SP - 280 EP - 305 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 102 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - silica minerals KW - Middle Ordovician KW - sandstone KW - crystal growth KW - Ordovician KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - water-rock interaction KW - southwestern Wisconsin KW - framework silicates KW - Wisconsin KW - Saint Peter Sandstone KW - fractals KW - textures KW - Paleozoic KW - TEM data KW - porosity KW - models KW - physical properties KW - diagenesis KW - mathematical methods KW - volume KW - quartz KW - nanoparticles KW - clastic rocks KW - SEM data KW - backscattering KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1320156933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Diagenetic+changes+in+macro+to+nanoscale+porosity+in+the+St.+Peter+Sandstone%3B+an+%28ultra%29+small+angle+neutron+scattering+and+backscattered+electron+imaging+analysis&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+L+M%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BRother%2C+G%3BAllard%2C+L+F%3BJackson%2C+A+J%3BLittrell%2C+K+C&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=&rft.spage=280&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2012.07.035 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-03-28 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - backscattering; clastic rocks; crystal growth; diagenesis; fractals; framework silicates; mathematical methods; Middle Ordovician; mineral composition; models; nanoparticles; Ordovician; Paleozoic; physical properties; porosity; quartz; Saint Peter Sandstone; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; silica minerals; silicates; southwestern Wisconsin; TEM data; textures; United States; volume; water-rock interaction; Wisconsin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.07.035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Petrophysical properties of saprolites from the Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge Site, Tennessee AN - 1320154792; 2013-030493 AB - At the Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge site, near Oak Ridge, Tennessee, the shallow saprolitic aquifer is contaminated by nitric acid, uranium, and metals originating from the former S3 settling ponds. To interpret low-frequency geophysical methods used to image contaminant plumes, we have characterized the petrophysical properties of three representative saprolite core samples. Their hydraulic conductivity ranges from 10 (super -7) to 10 (super -6) in agreement with field data. Complex conductivity measurements, in the frequency range of 1 mHz to 45 kHz, were performed with NaCl solutions with electrical conductivities in the range 5 X 10 (super -3) to 2.35 S m (super -1) , a range representative of field conditions. The electrical conductivity data were well reproduced with a simple linear conductivity model between the saprolite conductivity and the pore water conductivity. The conductivity plots were used to estimate the formation factor (the cementation exponent was about 2.2 + or - 0.3) and the surface conductivity (0.007-0.040 S m (super -1) ). The magnitude of the surface conductivity depended on the degree of weathering and therefore on the amount of smectite and mixed layer (illite-smectite) clays present in the saprolite. The chargeability of the core samples was in the range of 20 to 800 mV V (super -1) and is strongly dependent on the salinity. We also performed streaming potential measurements with the same pore fluid composition as that used for the complex conductivity measurements. We found an excess of movable electrical charges on the order of 100 to 500 C m (super -3) in agreement with previous investigations connecting the movable excess charge density to permeability. The zeta potential was in the range of -10 to -20mV independent on the salinity. The electrical measurements were consistent with an average cation exchange capacity in the range of 1.4 to 11 cmol kg (super -1) and a specific surface area on the order of 4000 to about 30,000 m (super 2) kg (super -1) . JF - Geophysics AU - Revil, Andre AU - Skold, Magnus AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Wu, Yuxin AU - Watson, David B AU - Karaoulis, Marios Y1 - 2013/02// PY - 2013 DA - February 2013 SP - D21 EP - D40 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 78 IS - 1 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - electrical conductivity KW - nitric acid KW - contaminant plumes KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - cores KW - ground water KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - Tennessee KW - water pollution KW - inorganic acids KW - heavy metals KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - measurement KW - aquifers KW - saprolite KW - physical properties KW - metals KW - uranium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - actinides KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1320154792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Petrophysical+properties+of+saprolites+from+the+Oak+Ridge+Integrated+Field+Research+Challenge+Site%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Revil%2C+Andre%3BSkold%2C+Magnus%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BWu%2C+Yuxin%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BKaraoulis%2C+Marios&rft.aulast=Revil&rft.aufirst=Andre&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=D21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2012-0176.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; contaminant plumes; cores; electrical conductivity; geophysical methods; ground water; heavy metals; hydraulic conductivity; inorganic acids; measurement; metals; nitric acid; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; permeability; physical properties; pollution; pore water; Roane County Tennessee; saprolite; Tennessee; United States; uranium; water pollution; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0176.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Communicating About Bioenergy Sustainability AN - 1291614785; 17683545 AB - Defining and measuring sustainability of bioenergy systems are difficult because the systems are complex, the science is in early stages of development, and there is a need to generalize what are inherently context-specific enterprises. These challenges, and the fact that decisions are being made now, create a need for improved communications among scientists as well as between scientists and decision makers. In order for scientists to provide information that is useful to decision makers, they need to come to an agreement on how to measure and report potential risks and benefits of diverse energy alternatives in a way that allows decision makers to compare options. Scientists also need to develop approaches that contribute information about problems and opportunities relevant to policy and decision making. The need for clear communication is especially important at this time when there is a plethora of scientific papers and reports and it is difficult for the public or decision makers to assess the merits of each analysis. We propose three communication guidelines for scientists whose work can contribute to decision making: (1) relationships between the question and the analytical approach should be clearly defined and make common sense; (2) the information should be presented in a manner that non-scientists can understand; and (3) the implications of methods, assumptions, and limitations should be clear. The scientists' job is to analyze information to build a better understanding of environmental, cultural, and socioeconomic aspects of the sustainability of energy alternatives. The scientific process requires transparency, debate, review, and collaboration across disciplines and time. This paper serves as an introduction to the papers in the special issue on "Sustainability of Bioenergy Systems: Cradle to Grave" because scientific communication is essential to developing more sustainable energy systems. Together these four papers provide a framework under which the effects of bioenergy can be assessed and compared to other energy alternatives to foster sustainability. JF - Environmental Management AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Kline, Keith L AU - Perla, Donna AU - Lucier, Al AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6036, USA, dalevh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/02// PY - 2013 DA - Feb 2013 SP - 279 EP - 290 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 51 IS - 2 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Risk Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Culture KW - Communication KW - Socioeconomics KW - Decision Making KW - Cost-benefit analysis KW - Environmental Policy KW - Transparency KW - Guidelines KW - Developmental stages KW - Sustainability KW - Risk KW - Decision making KW - Socio-economic aspects KW - Communications KW - Energy KW - Reviews KW - Standards KW - Benefits KW - Biofuels KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - R2 23070:Economics, organization KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1291614785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Communicating+About+Bioenergy+Sustainability&rft.au=Dale%2C+Virginia+H%3BKline%2C+Keith+L%3BPerla%2C+Donna%3BLucier%2C+Al&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-012-0014-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cost-benefit analysis; Socio-economic aspects; Decision making; Reviews; Energy; Communication; Developmental stages; Transparency; Culture; Communications; Guidelines; Socioeconomics; Biofuels; Sustainability; Risk; Environmental Policy; Standards; Decision Making; Benefits DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-0014-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparing Scales of Environmental Effects from Gasoline and Ethanol Production AN - 1291614319; 17683556 AB - Understanding the environmental effects of alternative fuel production is critical to characterizing the sustainability of energy resources to inform policy and regulatory decisions. The magnitudes of these environmental effects vary according to the intensity and scale of fuel production along each step of the supply chain. We compare the spatial extent and temporal duration of ethanol and gasoline production processes and environmental effects based on a literature review and then synthesize the scale differences on space-time diagrams. Comprehensive assessment of any fuel-production system is a moving target, and our analysis shows that decisions regarding the selection of spatial and temporal boundaries of analysis have tremendous influences on the comparisons. Effects that strongly differentiate gasoline and ethanol-supply chains in terms of scale are associated with when and where energy resources are formed and how they are extracted. Although both gasoline and ethanol production may result in negative environmental effects, this study indicates that ethanol production traced through a supply chain may impact less area and result in more easily reversed effects of a shorter duration than gasoline production. JF - Environmental Management AU - Parish, Esther S AU - Kline, Keith L AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Efroymson, Rebecca A AU - McBride, Allen C AU - Johnson, Timothy L AU - Hilliard, Michael R AU - Bielicki, Jeffrey M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Center for BioEnergy Sustainability, Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6036, USA, parishes@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/02// PY - 2013 DA - Feb 2013 SP - 307 EP - 338 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 51 IS - 2 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Environmental Effects KW - Fuel technology KW - Gasoline KW - Fuels KW - Assessments KW - Environmental effects KW - Environmental Policy KW - Literature Review KW - Fuel KW - Ethanol KW - Sustainability KW - Literature reviews KW - Energy resources KW - Boundaries KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1291614319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Comparing+Scales+of+Environmental+Effects+from+Gasoline+and+Ethanol+Production&rft.au=Parish%2C+Esther+S%3BKline%2C+Keith+L%3BDale%2C+Virginia+H%3BEfroymson%2C+Rebecca+A%3BMcBride%2C+Allen+C%3BJohnson%2C+Timothy+L%3BHilliard%2C+Michael+R%3BBielicki%2C+Jeffrey+M&rft.aulast=Parish&rft.aufirst=Esther&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-012-9983-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 233 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Literature reviews; Gasoline; Fuels; Energy resources; Boundaries; Environmental effects; Ethanol; Fuel technology; Sustainability; Environmental Effects; Assessments; Environmental Policy; Literature Review; Fuel DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9983-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relating nanomaterial properties and microbial toxicity. AN - 1273458914; 23203029 AB - Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles are among the most commonly used nanomaterials and their potential for adversely affecting environmental systems raises concern. Complex microbial consortia underlie environmental processes, and the potential toxicity of nanoparticles to microbial systems, and the consequent impacts on trophic balances, is particularly worrisome. The diverse array of metal and metal oxides, the different sizes and shapes that can be prepared and the variety of possible surface coatings complicate assessments of toxicity. Further muddling biocidal interpretations are the diversity of microbes and their intrinsic tolerances to stresses. Here, we review a range of studies focused on nanoparticle-microbial interactions in an effort to correlate the physical-chemical properties of engineered metal and metal oxide nanoparticles to their biological response. General conclusions regarding the parent material of the nanoparticle and the nanoparticle's size and shape on potential toxicity can be made. However, the surface coating of the material, which can be altered significantly by environmental conditions, can ameliorate or promote microbial toxicity. Understanding nanoparticle transformations and how the nanoparticle surface can be designed to control toxicity represents a key area for further study. Additionally, the vast array of microbial species and the structuring of these species within communities complicate extrapolations of nanoparticle toxicity in real world settings. Ultimately, to interpret the effect and eventual fate of engineered materials in the environment, an understanding of the relationship between nanoparticle properties and responses at the molecular, cellular and community levels will be essential. JF - Nanoscale AU - Suresh, Anil K AU - Pelletier, Dale A AU - Doktycz, Mitchel J AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. asuresh@coh.org Y1 - 2013/01/21/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jan 21 SP - 463 EP - 474 VL - 5 IS - 2 KW - Anti-Infective Agents KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - Oxides KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Silver KW - 3M4G523W1G KW - Gold KW - 7440-57-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Agriculture -- methods KW - Particle Size KW - Nanotechnology -- methods KW - Anti-Infective Agents -- pharmacology KW - Cadmium -- chemistry KW - Silver -- chemistry KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Ecosystem KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Equipment Design KW - Microscopy, Electron, Transmission -- methods KW - Materials Testing KW - Gold -- chemistry KW - Microbial Sensitivity Tests KW - Nanoparticles -- chemistry KW - Nanostructures -- chemistry KW - Metal Nanoparticles -- chemistry KW - Metals -- chemistry KW - Oxides -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1273458914?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanoscale&rft.atitle=Relating+nanomaterial+properties+and+microbial+toxicity.&rft.au=Suresh%2C+Anil+K%3BPelletier%2C+Dale+A%3BDoktycz%2C+Mitchel+J&rft.aulast=Suresh&rft.aufirst=Anil&rft.date=2013-01-21&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanoscale&rft.issn=2040-3372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2nr32447d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2013-06-03 N1 - Date created - 2012-12-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2nr32447d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decreasing aqueous mercury concentrations to meet the water quality criterion in fish: Examining the water-fish relationship in two point-source contaminated streams AN - 1770351956; 17612521 AB - East Fork Poplar Creek (EF) and White Oak Creek (WC) are two mercury-contaminated streams located on the United States (U.S.) Department of Energy Oak Ridge Reservation in East Tennessee. East Fork Poplar Creek is the larger and more contaminated of the two, with average aqueous mercury (Hg) concentrations exceeding those in reference streams by several hundred-fold. Remedial actions over the past 20years have decreased aqueous Hg concentrations in EF by 85% (from >1600ng/L to <400ng/L). Fish fillet concentrations, however, have not responded to this decrease in aqueous Hg and remain above the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Recommended Water Quality Criteria (NRWQC) of 0.3mg/kg. The lack of correlation between aqueous and fish tissue Hg concentrations in this creek has led to questions regarding the usefulness of target aqueous Hg concentrations and strategies for future remediation efforts. White Oak Creek has a similar contamination history but aqueous Hg concentrations in WC are an order of magnitude lower than in EF. Despite the lower aqueous Hg concentrations (<100ng/L), fish fillet concentrations in WC have also been above the NRWQC, making the aqueous Hg remediation goal of 200ng/L in EF seem unlikely to result in an effective decrease in fillet Hg concentrations. Recent monitoring efforts in WC, however, suggest an aqueous total Hg threshold above which Hg bioaccumulation in fish may not respond. This new information could be useful in guiding remedial actions in EF and in other point-source contaminated streams. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Mathews, Teresa J AU - Southworth, George AU - Peterson, Mark J AU - Roy, WKelly AU - Ketelle, Richard H AU - Valentine, Charles AU - Gregory, Scott AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, 1 Bethel Valley Road, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States mathewstj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/01/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jan 15 SP - 836 EP - 843 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 443 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Poplar KW - Contamination KW - Remediation KW - Fillets KW - Mercury KW - Fish KW - Criteria KW - Streams UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770351956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Decreasing+aqueous+mercury+concentrations+to+meet+the+water+quality+criterion+in+fish%3A+Examining+the+water-fish+relationship+in+two+point-source+contaminated+streams&rft.au=Mathews%2C+Teresa+J%3BSouthworth%2C+George%3BPeterson%2C+Mark+J%3BRoy%2C+WKelly%3BKetelle%2C+Richard+H%3BValentine%2C+Charles%3BGregory%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Mathews&rft.aufirst=Teresa&rft.date=2013-01-15&rft.volume=443&rft.issue=&rft.spage=836&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2012.11.042 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.042 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photochemical transformation of the insensitive munitions compound 2,4-dinitroanisole AN - 1285099499; 17612525 AB - The insensitive munitions compound 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) is increasingly being used as a replacement for traditional, sensitive munitions compounds (e.g., trinitrotoluene [TNT]), but the environmental fate and photo-transformation of DNAN in natural water systems are currently unknown. In this study, we investigated the photo-transformation rates of DNAN with both ultraviolet (UV) and sunlight irradiation under different environmentally relevant conditions. Sunlight photo-transformation of DNAN in water was found to follow predominantly pseudo-first-order decay kinetics with an average half-life (t sub(1/2)) of approximately 0.70d and activation energy (E sub(a)) of 53 kJ mol super(-1). Photo-transformation rates of DNAN were dependent on the wavelength of the light source: irradiation with UV-B light (280-315 nm) resulted in a greater quantum yield of transformation ( phi sub(UV-B) = 3.7 x 10 super(-4)) than rates obtained with UV-A light ( phi sub(UV-A) = 2.9 x 10 super(-4) at 316-400 nm) and sunlight ( phi sub(sun) = 1.1 x 10 super(-4)). Photo-oxidation was the dominant mechanism for DNAN photo-transformation, based on the formation of nitrite (NO super(-) sub(2)) and nitrate (NO super(-) sub(3)) as major N species and 2,4-dinitrophenol as the minor species. Environmental factors (e.g., temperature, pH, and the presence or absence of naturally dissolved organic matter) displayed modest to little effects on the rate of DNAN photo-transformation. These observations indicate that sunlight-induced photo-transformation of DNAN may represent a significant abiotic degradation pathway in surface water, which may have important implications in evaluating the potential impacts and risks of DNAN in the environment. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Rao, Balaji AU - Wang, Wei AU - Cai, Qingsong AU - Anderson, Todd AU - Gu, Baohua AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States, anandharaob@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/01/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jan 15 SP - 692 EP - 699 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 443 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental degradation KW - Degradation KW - Surface water KW - Irradiation KW - Dissolved organic matter KW - Temperature KW - Sunlight KW - Decay KW - pH KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - R2 23010:General: Models, forecasting UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1285099499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Photochemical+transformation+of+the+insensitive+munitions+compound+2%2C4-dinitroanisole&rft.au=Rao%2C+Balaji%3BWang%2C+Wei%3BCai%2C+Qingsong%3BAnderson%2C+Todd%3BGu%2C+Baohua&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=Balaji&rft.date=2013-01-15&rft.volume=443&rft.issue=&rft.spage=692&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2012.11.033 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental degradation; Degradation; Surface water; Dissolved organic matter; Irradiation; Temperature; Sunlight; Decay; pH DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controlled synthesis of mesoporous carbon nanostructures via a "silica-assisted" strategy. AN - 1273347645; 23256449 AB - We have established a facile and generalizable "silica-assisted" synthesis for diverse carbon spheres-a category that covers mesoporous carbon nanospheres, hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres, and yolk-shell mesoporous carbon nanospheres-by using phenolic resols as a polymer precursor, silicate oligomers as an inorganic precursor, and hexadecyl trimethylammoniumchloride as a template. The particle sizes of the carbon nanospheres are uniform and easily controlled in a wide range of 180-850 nm by simply varying the ethanol concentrations. All three types of mesoporous carbon nanospheres have high surface areas and large pore volumes and exhibit promising properties for supercapacitors with high capacitance and favorable capacitance retention. JF - Nano letters AU - Qiao, Zhen-An AU - Guo, Bingkun AU - Binder, Andrew J AU - Chen, Jihua AU - Veith, Gabriel M AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. Y1 - 2013/01/09/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jan 09 SP - 207 EP - 212 VL - 13 IS - 1 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1273347645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nano+letters&rft.atitle=Controlled+synthesis+of+mesoporous+carbon+nanostructures+via+a+%22silica-assisted%22+strategy.&rft.au=Qiao%2C+Zhen-An%3BGuo%2C+Bingkun%3BBinder%2C+Andrew+J%3BChen%2C+Jihua%3BVeith%2C+Gabriel+M%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Qiao&rft.aufirst=Zhen-An&rft.date=2013-01-09&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nano+letters&rft.issn=1530-6992&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fnl303889h LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2013-06-05 N1 - Date created - 2013-01-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl303889h ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Examination of inconsistencies in the surface-observed cloud amount record over China: 1954-2008 T2 - 93rd American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting (AMS 2013) AN - 1369230836; 6217169 JF - 93rd American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting (AMS 2013) AU - Kaiser, Dale AU - Qian, Y Y1 - 2013/01/06/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jan 06 KW - Clouds KW - China, People's Rep. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1369230836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=93rd+American+Meteorological+Society+Annual+Meeting+%28AMS+2013%29&rft.atitle=Examination+of+inconsistencies+in+the+surface-observed+cloud+amount+record+over+China%3A+1954-2008&rft.au=Kaiser%2C+Dale%3BQian%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Kaiser&rft.aufirst=Dale&rft.date=2013-01-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=93rd+American+Meteorological+Society+Annual+Meeting+%28AMS+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://ams.confex.com/ams/93Annual/webprogram/meeting.html# LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-31 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-19 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The International Land Model Benchmarking Project (ILAMB) T2 - 93rd American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting (AMS 2013) AN - 1369230543; 6216216 JF - 93rd American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting (AMS 2013) AU - Hoffman, Forrest AU - Randerson, J AU - Lawrence, D AU - Blythe, E AU - Mu, M. Y1 - 2013/01/06/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jan 06 KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1369230543?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=93rd+American+Meteorological+Society+Annual+Meeting+%28AMS+2013%29&rft.atitle=The+International+Land+Model+Benchmarking+Project+%28ILAMB%29&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+Forrest%3BRanderson%2C+J%3BLawrence%2C+D%3BBlythe%2C+E%3BMu%2C+M.&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Forrest&rft.date=2013-01-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=93rd+American+Meteorological+Society+Annual+Meeting+%28AMS+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://ams.confex.com/ams/93Annual/webprogram/meeting.html# LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-31 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO (sub 2) -clay interaction; results from in-situ neutron diffraction and supercritical CO (sub 2) sorption measurements AN - 1832681133; 768086-13 JF - Program and Abstracts - Annual Meeting of the Clay Minerals Society AU - Bertier, Pieter AU - Busch, Andreas AU - Gensterblum, Yves AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Weniger, Philipp AU - Stanjek, Helge AU - ? Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 13 EP - 14 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Aurora, CO VL - 50 SN - 1550-2244, 1550-2244 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832681133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.atitle=CO+%28sub+2%29+-clay+interaction%3B+results+from+in-situ+neutron+diffraction+and+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+sorption+measurements&rft.au=Bertier%2C+Pieter%3BBusch%2C+Andreas%3BGensterblum%2C+Yves%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BWeniger%2C+Philipp%3BStanjek%2C+Helge%3B%3F&rft.aulast=Bertier&rft.aufirst=Pieter&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.issn=15502244&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Annual meeting of the Clay Minerals Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Montmorillonite interactions with supercritical CO (sub 2) ; neutron scattering and excess sorption AN - 1832679722; 768087-82 JF - Program and Abstracts - Annual Meeting of the Clay Minerals Society AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Ilton, Eugene S AU - Krukowski, Elizabeth G AU - Bodnar, Robert J Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 214 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Aurora, CO VL - 50 SN - 1550-2244, 1550-2244 KW - silicates KW - mineral interlayer KW - clay KW - sorption KW - density KW - clastic sediments KW - fluid phase KW - crystal structure KW - adsorption KW - porosity KW - clay minerals KW - carbon dioxide KW - water-rock interaction KW - sediments KW - cap rocks KW - sheet silicates KW - neutron diffraction analysis KW - montmorillonite KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832679722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.atitle=Montmorillonite+interactions+with+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+%3B+neutron+scattering+and+excess+sorption&rft.au=Rother%2C+Gernot%3BIlton%2C+Eugene+S%3BKrukowski%2C+Elizabeth+G%3BBodnar%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Rother&rft.aufirst=Gernot&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=214&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.issn=15502244&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; clastic sediments; clay; clay minerals; crystal structure; density; fluid phase; mineral interlayer; montmorillonite; neutron diffraction analysis; porosity; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; sorption; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental analysis and modeling of PFT and SF (sub 6) transport in organic rich vadose zones; implications for monitoring CO (sub 2) leakage at CCS sites AN - 1566811970; 2014-075529 AB - Perfluorocarbon tracer compounds (PFTs) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF (sub 6) ) are commonly proposed tracers for use in carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) leak detection and vadose zone monitoring programs. During a tracer test, tracers are co-injected with supercritical CO (sub 2) and monitored in the vadose zone to calculate leakage rates. These calculations rely on the assumption that tracers exhibit 'ideal' tracer behavior- i.e. the tracer is conservative, inert and not partitioned into or sorbed onto geologic media. This assumption has been brought into question by lab and field evaluations- e.g. Zhong and Amonette (2012) showed PFT retardation in smectite-rich sediments while Deeds et al. (2000) showed that four perfluorocarbon tracers (C (sub 7) F (sub 14) , C (sub 8) F (sub 16) , C (sub 9) F (sub 18) , C (sub 10) F (sub 18) ) partitioned differentially into an unidentified LNAPL in contaminated soil in column studies with partition coefficients ranging from 8.8 +/- 0.6 to 71 +/-3. SF (sub 6) , in contrast, is shown to be an ideal tracer in many different substrates. The objective of this study is to identify substrates and applications where PFT and SF (sub 6) behave conservatively. We compare tracer break-through curves for PFT and SF (sub 6) in one dimensional flow through columns packed with acid-washed silica beads or calcite plus organic carbon. Based on previous studies, we expect both tracers to behave conservatively in columns packed with silica beads or calcite and but only SF (sub 6) to behave conservatively in columns with added organic carbon. Dry nitrogen is used as the carrier gas and constant flow rate (2 mls/min) and temperature (26 degrees ) are maintained. A known mass of tracer is injected at the head of the 1 m-long column (1.27 cm diameter) and the effluent analyzed at regular intervals for tracers at picogram levels by a gas chromatograph with an electron capture detector. Preliminary results of laboratory column experiments are consistent with analytical modeling and confirm the conservative behavior of the control tracer, SF (sub 6) , in columns packed with silica beads, calcite or left empty. JF - Abstracts: Annual Meeting - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Gawey, Marlo R AU - Larson, Toti AU - Romanak, Katherine AU - Hovorka, Susan AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society for Sedimentary Geology, Tulsa, OK VL - 2013 KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - sulfur hexafluoride KW - gas chromatograms KW - unsaturated zone KW - gas storage KW - seepage KW - porosity KW - perfluorocarbon KW - nitrogen KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - substrates KW - chromatograms KW - tracers KW - reservoir properties KW - breakthrough curves KW - field studies KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566811970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Experimental+analysis+and+modeling+of+PFT+and+SF+%28sub+6%29+transport+in+organic+rich+vadose+zones%3B+implications+for+monitoring+CO+%28sub+2%29+leakage+at+CCS+sites&rft.au=Gawey%2C+Marlo+R%3BLarson%2C+Toti%3BRomanak%2C+Katherine%3BHovorka%2C+Susan%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gawey&rft.aufirst=Marlo&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/abstracts/html/2013/90163ace/abstracts/gaw.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG 2013 annual convention & exhibition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #06983 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - breakthrough curves; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chromatograms; experimental studies; field studies; gas chromatograms; gas storage; models; monitoring; nitrogen; perfluorocarbon; porosity; reservoir properties; seepage; substrates; sulfur hexafluoride; tracers; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anatomy of pore networks in caprock relevant to geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration AN - 1553085128; 2014-063713 AB - A number of factors dictate how CO (sub 2) -bearing fluids, and with them reactants and products of intrapore transformations, migrate into and through both reservoir rocks and caprocks, wet and ultimately adsorb and react with the solid surfaces. These include the size, shape, distribution and interconnectivity of the porous matrix, the mineralogy and surface chemistry of the pore network, the chemistry of the fluids and their physical properties. While there may be a general tendency for more clay-rich lithologies to have lower porosity and permeability, the link between pore size distribution and connectivity and pore-wall mineralogy is still poorly constrained. Further, the distribution, size and chemistry of pores may influence the nature of secondary mineral formation. In order to more accurately predict the reactive-transport behavior of CO (sub 2) -bearing brines in both reservoir rocks and caprocks, we have begun testing the following key hypotheses: i) connected nano- to microscale pores and fractures constitute a non-trivial contribution to total rock porosity, ii) the mineralogy of the pore and fracture network - i.e., potential reactive surface area - is markedly different compared to bulk mineralogy, iii) reactions by scCO (sub 2) -brine fluids with caprocks will alter both the porosity and permeability, thus impacting caprock integrity. Efforts have focused primarily on testing the first two hypotheses for caprocks. Detailed characterization studies using neutron scattering, electron microscopy and conventional petrophysics of representative examples of regionally extensive mid-continent mudstone and shale caprock to the Mt. Simon Formation (a sandstone target for CO (sub 2) injection) indicate the following: (a) total porosity exhibiting bimodality may be typical of shale and mudstones, (b) connected porosity exhibiting bimodal tendencies may not be uncommon in shale and mudstone caprocks, (c) as expected, fissile shale contains far greater abundance of nanopores than do mudstones, (d) connected porosity also mimics the bimodal total porosity trends with connected nanopores observed below about 400 nm and connected micropores between 50 and 100 mu m, and (e) pore mineralogy (hence potential reactive surface area) is generally very different than the bulk mineralogy, especially for mudstones where phases present in minor abundances in the bulk may contribute more to the connected pore network. JF - Abstracts: Annual Meeting - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Cole, David R AU - Sheets, Julie AU - Swift, Alex AU - Murphy, Michael AU - Welch, Sue AU - Anovitz, Lawrence AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Vlcek, Lukas AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society for Sedimentary Geology, Tulsa, OK VL - 2013 KW - Mount Simon Sandstone KW - Cambrian KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - Upper Cambrian KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - transport KW - reactive transport KW - chemical composition KW - sealing KW - carbon sequestration KW - mudstone KW - shale KW - Paleozoic KW - matrix KW - connectivity KW - fluid flow KW - porosity KW - physical properties KW - reservoir properties KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1553085128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Anatomy+of+pore+networks+in+caprock+relevant+to+geologic+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration&rft.au=Cole%2C+David+R%3BSheets%2C+Julie%3BSwift%2C+Alex%3BMurphy%2C+Michael%3BWelch%2C+Sue%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BVlcek%2C+Lukas%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/abstracts/html/2013/90163ace/abstracts/col.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG 2013 annual convention & exhibition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-14 N1 - CODEN - #06983 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cambrian; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical composition; clastic rocks; connectivity; fluid flow; fractures; matrix; mineral composition; Mount Simon Sandstone; mudstone; Paleozoic; permeability; physical properties; porosity; reactive transport; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sealing; sedimentary rocks; shale; transport; Upper Cambrian ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volatilization of Hg from HgS minerals mediated by the coupled activity of thiosulfate and a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium AN - 1549619938; 2014-059329 AB - Soils and sediments, where mercury (Hg) can exist as the Hg sulfide mineral metacinnabar (beta -HgS), represent major Hg reservoirs in aquatic environments. Due to its low solubility, metacinnabar has historically been considered an insignificant source of Hg to the aqueous environment. Our previous work has shown that bacterial colonization of metacinnabar incubated in the shallow sediments of the Hg-contaminated East Fork Poplar Creek (Oak Ridge, TN) is dominated by genera known to use reduced sulfur compounds as electron donors during growth. Based on 16S rRNA pyrosequencing, Thiobacillus thioparus, an obligate autotrophic neutrophilic sulfur oxidizer, is among the most abundant colonizers. Here we show that T. thioparus incubated aerobically in the presence of metacinnabar and thiosulfate (0.1-20 mM) results in substantial metacinnabar dissolution and release of Hg. Upon reaction, sulfate concentrations are higher than can be attributed to oxidation of thiosulfate alone, yet aqueous Hg(II) concentrations remain below detection limit. We show that in the presence of live cultures of T. thioparus aqueous Hg(II) released following HgS dissolution is rapidly volatilized forming Hg(0). In control incubations (media with thiosulfate and metacinnabar, and no viable cells) thiosulfate concentrations correlate with levels of dissolved Hg(II), suggesting that thiosulfate, a strong Hg-binding ligand, abiotically induces HgS dissolution. T. thioparus posseses genes involved in the Mer detoxification pathway, and we are currently investigating mer expression in this system. These findings have important implications for environmental Hg cycling, highlighting the unappreciated potential of Hg release from assumed permanent solid-phase Hg sinks. It further introduces new pathways for solid-phase Hg to enter the global atmospheric mercury pool. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Vazquez-Rodriguez, A I AU - Zhang, T AU - Lamborg, C H AU - Santelli, C M AU - Brooks, S C AU - Hansel, C M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 2404 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - thiosulfates KW - Thiobaciluus thioparus KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - Poplar Creek KW - solution KW - Oak Ridge Tennessee KW - volatilization KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - nucleic acids KW - RNA KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - sulfur KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1549619938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Volatilization+of+Hg+from+HgS+minerals+mediated+by+the+coupled+activity+of+thiosulfate+and+a+sulfur-oxidizing+bacterium&rft.au=Vazquez-Rodriguez%2C+A+I%3BZhang%2C+T%3BLamborg%2C+C+H%3BSantelli%2C+C+M%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BHansel%2C+C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vazquez-Rodriguez&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2404&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.22 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anderson County Tennessee; bacteria; mercury; metals; nucleic acids; Oak Ridge Tennessee; oxidation; pollution; Poplar Creek; RNA; Roane County Tennessee; sediments; soil pollution; solution; sulfur; Tennessee; Thiobaciluus thioparus; thiosulfates; United States; volatilization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Provenance studies of Cu-bearing feldspar using Cu isotopes analysis by SIMS AN - 1542645525; 2014-050611 AB - Red-colored, Cu-rich andesine (labradorite) was discovered in 1980 in Oregon, USA. In 2002, diffusion-treated red feldspar appeared in markets and sold as untreated gem-quality material. The starting material for the diffusion process was pale-yellow andesine from Inner Mongolia, China. Researchers have sought various techniques to distinguish between diffusion-treated and natural red andesine. Several researchers have used Ar-Ar, and trace- and major-element analysis to distinguish between red andesine from Oregon, Mexico, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Inner Mongolia and Tibet. Ar-isotope studies showed that diffusion-treated andesine is significantly depleted in (super 40) Ar but were not able to determine the sources of Cu-rich andesine. Andesine from Oregon, Mexico and Asia can be distinguished by their major-element contents. However, trace- and major-elements could not distinguish between DRC, Tibetan or Inner Mongolian, diffusion-treated minerals. A LA-ICP-MS study analyzed Cu isotopes in red andesine and reported up to 3 ppm variation in diffusion-treated feldspar and high intra-sample variability of Cu-isotope ratios in samples from Tibet, and concluded that Cu-isotopes can be used, in conjunction with trace elements, to source Cu-rich andesine and distinguish between diffusion-treated and natural red feldspar. We measured Cu-isotope ratios using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) in four uncut pieces and three faceted stones. Our uncut pieces range in color from pale green to deep blue or purple. Although one of our faceted stones consists of alternating bands of light and dark red, the other two faceted stones are a deep-red color. This work can also be considered a blind study as we have no provenance information on these minerals. Cu isotopes varied within a single grain by up to 3.3 ppm. Cu isotopes in one uncut sample varied by 12.8 ppm, indicating that naturally occurring Cu-rich feldspar may be isotopically zoned. Regardless, Cu isotopes can be used to distinguish between sources of Cu-rich andesine. In addition, SIMS is relatively non-destructive with exceptional spatial resolution and is ideally suited for provenance studies of gem minerals. Faceted stones can be analyzed (and returned to the owners) with minimal visible damage. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Hawthorne, Frank AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 82 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542645525?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Provenance+studies+of+Cu-bearing+feldspar+using+Cu+isotopes+analysis+by+SIMS&rft.au=Fayek%2C+Mostafa%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BHawthorne%2C+Frank%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fayek&rft.aufirst=Mostafa&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper227167.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2013 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Parallel adaptive fluid-structure interaction simulation of explosions impacting on building structures AN - 1541447280; 19899309 AB - We pursue a level set approach to couple an Eulerian shock-capturing fluid solver with space-time refinement to an explicit solid dynamics solver for large deformations and fracture. The coupling algorithms considering recursively finer fluid time steps as well as overlapping solver updates are discussed. Our ideas are implemented in the AMROC adaptive fluid solver framework and are used for effective fluid-structure coupling to the general purpose solid dynamics code DYNA3D. Beside simulations verifying the coupled fluid-structure solver and assessing its parallel scalability, the detailed structural analysis of a reinforced concrete column under blast loading and the simulation of a prototypical blast explosion in a realistic multistory building are presented. JF - Computers & Fluids AU - Deiterding, R AU - Wood, S AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6367, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, deiterdingr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013///0, PY - 2013 DA - 0, 2013 SP - 719 EP - 729 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 88 SN - 0045-7930, 0045-7930 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Fluid-structure interaction KW - Adaptive mesh refinement KW - Cartesian embedded boundary method KW - Building structures KW - Parallelization KW - Reinforced Concrete KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Computers KW - Structural analysis KW - Algorithms KW - Fractures KW - Solids KW - Buildings KW - Explosions KW - Reinforced concrete KW - Deformation KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1541447280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Fluids&rft.atitle=Parallel+adaptive+fluid-structure+interaction+simulation+of+explosions+impacting+on+building+structures&rft.au=Deiterding%2C+R%3BWood%2C+S&rft.aulast=Deiterding&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=&rft.spage=719&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Fluids&rft.issn=00457930&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.compfluid.2013.05.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Structural analysis; Fractures; Reinforced concrete; Explosions; Deformation; Reinforced Concrete; Simulation Analysis; Computers; Algorithms; Solids; Buildings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2013.05.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of coupled surface-subsurface hydrologic and terrestrial ecosystem processes using PFLOTRAN and CLM AN - 1535206106; 2014-041259 AB - Current Earth system models greatly simplify or completely omit some key physical processes, such as lateral flow of water and heat, surface-subsurface interactions, realistic groundwater-vadose zone interactions, and freeze-thaw dynamics. Capturing the effects of such processes is critically important for improving our understanding of climate change impacts on hydrology and associated climate feedbacks. Towards this end, we have added non-isothermal coupled surface-water groundwater interactions and a multi-phase ice model to PFLOTRAN--an open-source, massively parallel hydrologic flow and reactive transport model--and have developed a framework for coupling it with the Community Land Model (CLM), the state-of-the-art LSM component of the Community Earth System Model (CESM). In the coupled CLM-PFLOTRAN model, PFLOTRAN replaces the CLM treatment of surface and subsurface thermal hydrology. CLM provides sources and sinks of water (evapotranspiration, snowmelt, and precipitation) and heat flux; while PFLOTRAN evolves the subsurface soil moisture and thermal states (including freeze-thaw dynamics). This allows a unified treatment of the unsaturated and saturated zones (which are decoupled in standalone CLM) and enables lateral redistribution of surface and subsurface water and heat. In addition to hydrologic coupling, we are developing a biogeochemistry linkage to enable interaction between CLM plant functional types and PFLOTRAN subsurface biogeochemistry. We will describe the development of our model and demonstrate its application at two very different locations: The permafrost-affected landscape of the Barrow Environmental Observatory research reserve on the North Slope of Alaska, and the Walker Branch Watershed on the U.S. Department of Energy's Oak Ridge Reservation, located in the humid subtropical environment of the Valley and Ridge Appalachians of East Tennessee. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Mills, Richard Tran AU - Bisht, Gautam AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Cheng, Chu-Lin AU - Tang, Guoping AU - Hammond, Glenn E AU - Andre, Benjamin J AU - Watson, David B AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 264 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535206106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+coupled+surface-subsurface+hydrologic+and+terrestrial+ecosystem+processes+using+PFLOTRAN+and+CLM&rft.au=Mills%2C+Richard+Tran%3BBisht%2C+Gautam%3BKumar%2C+Jitendra%3BCheng%2C+Chu-Lin%3BTang%2C+Guoping%3BHammond%2C+Glenn+E%3BAndre%2C+Benjamin+J%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=264&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper226286.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2013 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO (sub 2) induced geochemical reactions at the pore scale AN - 1535204528; 2014-038232 AB - In many geologic systems pore space is conceptualized as a containment and delivery system for fluids, not unlike a pipe network that delivers water though a city. However, in rocks exposed to reactive fluids, pore networks are not static. The pore network undergoes constant reshaping as minerals dissolve and precipitate. Despite the importance of pore network structure on many fundamental geologic processes, the physical characteristics of pore networks in rocks are poorly understood, in part due to their dynamic nature. Sub-micron sized pores in fine-grained rocks, such as shales and mudstones, require advanced techniques for quantification and characterization. Small angle neutron scattering, a technique that provides statistical data on the topology and architecture of pore networks, was combined with high-resolution imaging, and gas sorption measurements to characterize and quantify the pore network structure in 5 fine-grained rocks. In these rocks a large fraction (up to 80%) of the pore volume and surface area is contained within pores <20 nm in diameter. When two of these rocks were reacted with CO (sub 2) under conditions relevant to CO (sub 2) sequestration or enhanced oil recovery, mineral dissolution and precipitation changed the structure of the pore network with an overall loss of pore connectivity. This study demonstrates the application of neutron scattering to the study of pore networks in fine-grained rocks and the reshaping of these pore networks by mineral reaction. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Navarre-Sitchler, A AU - Mouzakis, K AU - Rother, G AU - Banuelos, J L AU - Wang, X AU - Kaszuba, J AU - McCray, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1831 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - water KW - sorption KW - carbon sequestration KW - mudstone KW - shale KW - connectivity KW - characterization KW - solution KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - carbon dioxide KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chemical reactions KW - quantitative analysis KW - precipitation KW - geochemistry KW - clastic rocks KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535204528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=CO+%28sub+2%29+induced+geochemical+reactions+at+the+pore+scale&rft.au=Navarre-Sitchler%2C+A%3BMouzakis%2C+K%3BRother%2C+G%3BBanuelos%2C+J+L%3BWang%2C+X%3BKaszuba%2C+J%3BMcCray%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Navarre-Sitchler&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1831&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.14 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; characterization; chemical reactions; clastic rocks; connectivity; geochemistry; measurement; mudstone; porosity; precipitation; quantitative analysis; sedimentary rocks; shale; solution; sorption; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-performance computing cooperative in support of inter-disciplinary research at the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) AN - 1535202034; 2014-041808 AB - Addressing grand environmental science challenges requires unprecedented access to easily understood data that cross the breadth of temporal, spatial, and thematic scales. From a scientist's perspective, the big challenges lie in discovering the relevant data, dealing with extreme data heterogeneity, large data volumes, and converting data to information and knowledge. Improved high performance computing methods, capabilities, and access allows USGS scientists to perform these complex analyses in significantly less time and with greater breath/scale. The USGS Core Science Analytics and Synthesis (CSAS) organization is leading this research effort to investigate the most effective and sustainable approaches to support these data-intensive science research, analysis, and management requirements. Through this effort, it is anticipated that USGS scientists will gain access to internal and partner organizations' high performance computing resources and thereby helping to eliminate computational barriers to science within the USGS. The effort aims to provide value to science through expertise in research computing; increasing accessibility to high performance computing resources (such as one of the worlds fastest computer, Titan, housed at the U.S Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory); offering educational and user support services; growth of partnerships and community collaborations; and leadership and advocacy within the USGS for sustainability of computational science capabilities. The session will discuss the current pilot project undertaken, status of educational/outreach activities, and the future evolution of this USGS data intensive scientific computing effort. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Frame, Michael T AU - Falgout, Jeff AU - Palanisamy, Giri AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 648 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535202034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=High-performance+computing+cooperative+in+support+of+inter-disciplinary+research+at+the+U.+S.+Geological+Survey+%28USGS%29&rft.au=Frame%2C+Michael+T%3BFalgout%2C+Jeff%3BPalanisamy%2C+Giri%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Frame&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=648&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper225257.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2013 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of hafnium on glass structure and dissolution AN - 1529797063; 2014-034268 AB - Reactions that occur at the solid-water interface control the composition of the worlds fresh water, soil development and nutrient distribution, the cycling of elements in the Earth's Critical Zone, and to predict the impact from the disposal of vitrified nuclear waste. Recently, multi-scale or hybrid models, which capitalize on advancements in the understanding of solid-water interfacial reactions, have been used to better describe the macroscopic interactions occurring in the systems. However, knowledge gaps in the fundamental understanding of solid-water reactions impede the ability to accurately describe microscopic processes (e.g., sorption, surface layer formation, etc.) that represent the underlying phenomena controlling macroscopic reaction kinetics. An important step in improving our ability to accurately forecast radionuclide release from vitrified waste is to establish a link between the glass atomic-level structure and macroscopic dissolution behavior. This study extends the previous work by Pierce et al., by evaluating the effect the high-valence cation hafnium has on the structure and chemical durability of alkali aluminoborosilicate glass. Results from flow-through experiments show a approximately 100X decrease in the dissolution rate with increasing Hf content from 0 to 20 mol% HfO (sub 2) . The results also reveal a divergence in the magnitude between the average steady state rates measured in dilute and near-saturated conditions. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the divergence in glass dissolution behavior results from the formation of a low coordination Si sites when Si from the saturated solution adsorbs to Hf on the glass surface. The residence time of the low coordination Si site is longer at the glass surface and increases the density of anchor sites from which altered layers with higher Si densities can form than in the absence of Hf. These results illustrate the importance of understanding solid-water/solid-fluid interactions by linking macroscopic reaction kinetics to nanometer scale interfacial processes. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Pierce, E M AU - Kerisit, S N AU - Angeli, F AU - Charpentier, T AU - Icenhower, J P AU - Hopf, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1968 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - coordination KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - solution KW - simulation KW - silicon KW - radioactive waste KW - geochemical cycle KW - hafnium KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - kinetics KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529797063?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Effect+of+hafnium+on+glass+structure+and+dissolution&rft.au=Pierce%2C+E+M%3BKerisit%2C+S+N%3BAngeli%2C+F%3BCharpentier%2C+T%3BIcenhower%2C+J+P%3BHopf%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pierce&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1968&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.16 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; coordination; geochemical cycle; hafnium; kinetics; metals; Monte Carlo analysis; radioactive waste; silicon; simulation; solution; statistical analysis; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermochemical modeling of the U sub(1-y)Gd sub(y)O sub(2 + or -x) phase AN - 1524420406; 19562539 AB - A thermodynamic model for the U sub(1-y)Gd sub(y)O sub(2 + or -x) phase was developed using the compound energy formalism (CEF) with a three sublattice approach and is an extension of the already successful CEF representation of the fluorite UO sub(2 + or -x) phase. The Gibbs energies for the end-members created by the addition of Gd to the cation sublattice are estimated using the lattice stability of a Active gadolinium oxide fluorite structure compound from density functional theory. The model interaction parameters are determined from reported oxygen potential-temperature-composition measurements. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data and the trends are consistent. The CEF for the U sub(1-y)Gd sub(y)O sub(2 + or -x) solid solution can be combined with other representations of actinide and fission product containing fluorite UO sub(2) phases to develop multi-component models within the CEF framework. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - McMurray, J W AU - Shin, D AU - Slone, B W AU - Besmann, T M AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6063, United States, besmanntm@oml.gov Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 588 EP - 595 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 443 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fission products KW - Oxygen KW - Cations KW - Thermodynamics KW - Energy KW - Gadolinium KW - Radioactive materials KW - Actinides KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524420406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Thermochemical+modeling+of+the+U+sub%281-y%29Gd+sub%28y%29O+sub%282+%2B+or+-x%29+phase&rft.au=McMurray%2C+J+W%3BShin%2C+D%3BSlone%2C+B+W%3BBesmann%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=McMurray&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=443&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=588&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.08.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fission products; Oxygen; Thermodynamics; Cations; Energy; Radioactive materials; Gadolinium; Actinides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.08.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alloying effect of Ni and Cr on irradiated microstructural evolution of type 304 stainless steels AN - 1524420120; 19562511 AB - Life extension of the existing nuclear power plants imposes significant challenges to core structural materials that suffer increased fluences. This paper presents the microstructural evolution of a type 304 stainless steel and its variants alloyed with extra Ni and Cr under neutron irradiation at similar to 320 degree C for up to 10.2 dpa. Similar to the reported data of type 304 variants, a large amount of Frank loops, ultrafine G-phase/M sub(23)C sub(6) particles, and limited amount of cavities were observed in the irradiated samples. The irradiation promoted the growth of pre-existing M sub(23)C sub(6) at grain boundaries and resulted in some phase transformation to CrC in the alloy with both extra Ni and Cr. A new type of ultrafine precipitates, possibly (Ti,Cr)N, was observed in all the samples, and its amount was increased by the irradiation. Additionally, alpha -ferrite was observed in the type 304 steel but not in the Ni or Ni + Cr alloyed variants. The effect of Ni and Cr alloying on the microstructural evolution is discussed. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Tan, L AU - Busby, J T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States, tanl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 351 EP - 358 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 443 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Austenitic stainless steels KW - 304 KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Alloys KW - Steel KW - Particulates KW - Grains KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524420120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Alloying+effect+of+Ni+and+Cr+on+irradiated+microstructural+evolution+of+type+304+stainless+steels&rft.au=Tan%2C+L%3BBusby%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Tan&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=443&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.07.054 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear power plants; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Alloys; Particulates; Steel; Grains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.07.054 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of sintering effects on SiC-incorporated UO sub(2) kernels under Ar and Ar-4%H sub(2) environments AN - 1524418106; 19562540 AB - Silicon carbide (SiC) is suggested as an oxygen getter in UO sub(2) kernels used for tristructural isotropic (TRISO) particle fuels and to prevent kernel migration during irradiation. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry analyses performed on sintered kernels verified that an internal gelation process can be used to incorporate SiC in UO sub(2) fuel kernels. Even though the presence of UC in either argon (Ar) or Ar-4%H sub(2) sintered samples suggested a lowering of the SiC up to 3.5-1.4 mol%, respectively, the presence of other silicon-related chemical phases indicates the preservation of silicon in the kernels during sintering process. UC formation was presumed to occur by two reactions. The first was by the reaction of SiC with its protective SiO sub(2) oxide layer on SiC grains to produce volatile SiO and free carbon that subsequently reacted with UO sub(2) to form UC. The second process was direct UO sub(2) reaction with SiC grains to form SiO, CO, and UC. A slightly higher density and UC content were observed in the sample sintered in Ar-4%H sub(2), but both atmospheres produced kernels with ~95% of theoretical density. It is suggested that incorporating CO in the sintering gas could prevent UC formation and preserve the initial SiC content. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Silva, Chinthaka M AU - Lindemer, Terrence B AU - Hunt, Rodney D AU - Collins, Jack L AU - Terrani, Kurt A AU - Snead, Lance L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee TN 37831-6223, United States; Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee Knoxville, TN 37996-2100, United States., silvagw@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 596 EP - 602 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 443 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Oxygen KW - Silicon KW - Argon KW - Fuels KW - Irradiation KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Microscopy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Particulates KW - Grains KW - Migration KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524418106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+sintering+effects+on+SiC-incorporated+UO+sub%282%29+kernels+under+Ar+and+Ar-4%25H+sub%282%29+environments&rft.au=Silva%2C+Chinthaka+M%3BLindemer%2C+Terrence+B%3BHunt%2C+Rodney+D%3BCollins%2C+Jack+L%3BTerrani%2C+Kurt+A%3BSnead%2C+Lance+L&rft.aulast=Silva&rft.aufirst=Chinthaka&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=443&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=596&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.08.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen; Silicon; Argon; Irradiation; Fuels; Radioactive materials; Microscopy; Nuclear fuels; Particulates; Grains; Migration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.08.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cascade defect evolution processes: Comparison of atomistic methods AN - 1524417235; 19562477 AB - Determining defect evolution beyond the molecular dynamics (MD) time scale is critical to bridging the gap between atomistic simulations and experiments. The recently developed self-evolving atomistic kinetic Monte Carlo (SEAKMC) method provides new opportunities to simulate long-term defect evolution with MD-like fidelity to the atomistic processes involved. To demonstrate this capability, three examples are presented in which SEAKMC has been used to investigate the evolution of typical radiation-induced defects in bcc iron. Depending on the particular example, SEAKMC results are compared with those obtained using two other on-the-fly KMC techniques, object KMC, and MD. The three examples are: (1) evolution of a vacancy-rich region similar to the core of a displacement cascade, (2) the stability of recently reported interstitial clusters with a structure similar to the Cl5 Laves phase, and (3) long-term aging of atomic displacement cascade debris. In the various examples, the SEAKMC approach provides better agreement with MD simulations, highlights the importance of the underlying atomistic processes, and provides new information on long-term defect evolution in iron. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Xu, Haixuan AU - Stoller, Roger E AU - Osetsky, Yury N AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA, xuh1@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 66 EP - 70 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 443 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Kinetics KW - Aging KW - Radioactive materials KW - Simulation KW - Iron KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524417235?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Cascade+defect+evolution+processes%3A+Comparison+of+atomistic+methods&rft.au=Xu%2C+Haixuan%3BStoller%2C+Roger+E%3BOsetsky%2C+Yury+N&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Haixuan&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=443&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=66&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.107.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Monte Carlo simulation; Kinetics; Radioactive materials; Aging; Simulation; Iron DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.107.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 'Big Data' collaboration: Exploring, recording and sharing enterprise knowledge AN - 1520332600; 201404485 AB - As data sources and data size proliferate, knowledge discovery from Big Data is starting to pose several challenges. In this paper, we address a specific challenge in the practice of enterprise knowledge management while extracting actionable nuggets from diverse data sources of seemingly related information. In particular, we address the challenge of archiving knowledge gained through collaboration, dissemination and visualization as part of the data analysis inference and decision-making lifecycle. We motivate the implementation of an enterprise data discovery and knowledge recorder tool called SEEKER based on a real-world case study. We motivate the implementation of an enterprise data discovery and knowledge recorder tool called SEEKER (Schema Exploration and Evolving Knowledge Entity Recorder) based on the queries and the analytical artifacts that are being created by analysts as they use the data. We show how the tool serves as a digital record of institutional domain knowledge and as documentation for the evolution of data elements, queries and schemas over time. As a knowledge management service, a tool like SEEKER saves enterprise resources and time by (1) avoiding analytic silos (i.e., a separate set of data that is not included in an enterprise's data administration), (2) expediting the process of multi-source data integration and (3) intelligently documenting discoveries from collaborating analysts. Adapted from the source document. JF - Information Services & Use AU - Sukumar, Sreenivas R AU - Ferrell, Regina K AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, TN 37830, USA sukumarsr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013///0, PY - 2013 DA - 0, 2013 SP - 257 EP - 270 PB - IOS Press, Amsterdam, The Netherlands VL - 33 IS - 3-4 SN - 0167-5265, 0167-5265 KW - Big Data integration KW - knowledge management KW - digitizing domain knowledge KW - Software KW - Knowledge management KW - Datasets KW - Implementation KW - Digital curation KW - article KW - 10.1: INFORMATION WORK UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520332600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Information+Services+%26+Use&rft.atitle=%27Big+Data%27+collaboration%3A+Exploring%2C+recording+and+sharing+enterprise+knowledge&rft.au=Sukumar%2C+Sreenivas+R%3BFerrell%2C+Regina+K&rft.aulast=Sukumar&rft.aufirst=Sreenivas&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Information+Services+%26+Use&rft.issn=01675265&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - ISUSDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Software; Implementation; Datasets; Knowledge management; Digital curation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hot CD-MUSIC AN - 1510395133; 2014-019420 AB - Among the many seminal contributions of Professor van Riemsdijk is the CD-MUSIC model, which was developed in collaboration with Professor Hiemstra, and has remained the state-of-the-art Surface Complexation Model since its publication in 1996[1]. Also in the mid-1990's our group began investigating ion adsorption phenomena (primarily cations) over a wide range of temperatures extending into the hydrothermal regime (10-250 degrees C), mostly on rutile, but also on several other metal oxides[2]. More recently, we have also complimented these macroscopic data with a variety of molecular-level information, including X-ray synchotron experiments, and static DFT as well as classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. CD-MUSIC has proven to be a sturdy framework within which we have been able to coherently interpret this assortment of data[3,4]. This contribution will summarize our efforts to rationalize adsorption data for rutile to 250 degrees C within the CD-MUSIC model framework with particular focus on Sr (super 2+) and Zn (super 2+) . Our classical MD simulations suggest that the enhanced adsorption observed macroscopically as temperature increases is due to adsorbed cations moving closer to the surface and shedding more bulk hydration water in the process. CD-MUSIC can mimic this behavior although the agreement is not perfect, suggesting extensions to CD-MUSIC may be warranted. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Machesky, M L AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Ridley, M K AU - Predota, M AU - Zhang, Z AU - Fenter, P A AU - Kubicki, J D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1663 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - zinc KW - alkaline earth metals KW - complexing KW - adsorption KW - simulation KW - CD-MUSIC model KW - temperature KW - models KW - metals KW - rutile KW - oxides KW - cations KW - strontium KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1510395133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Hot+CD-MUSIC&rft.au=Machesky%2C+M+L%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BRidley%2C+M+K%3BPredota%2C+M%3BZhang%2C+Z%3BFenter%2C+P+A%3BKubicki%2C+J+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Machesky&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.13 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkaline earth metals; cations; CD-MUSIC model; complexing; metals; models; oxides; rutile; simulation; strontium; temperature; zinc DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling of TiO (sub 2) nanoparticles interactions with water and ions AN - 1507185501; 2014-016016 AB - Although TiO (sub 2) is not a major rock-forming mineral, it is an important technological material, and it has been used extensively as a model for oxide-water studies. Because the surfaces of the common TiO (sub 2) phases, rutile and anatase, have been characterized experimentally and modeled with density functional theory (DFT), they serve as good model systems for understanding the size and shape effects of nanoparticles on the oxide-water interface. In this talk, we will present results of DFT calculations on rutile and anatase surfaces and nanoparticles interactions with H (sub 2) O. The relationship of surface site defects (i.e., corner and edge sites) to H (sub 2) O adsorption energy is investigated. DFT calculations on anatase surfaces with adsorbed ions are also presented. These DFT calculations were then used in developing a reactive classical force field, ReaxFF, for the Ti-O-H system. The ReaxFF was used to perform molecular dynamics simulations of rutile and anatase particles in water and aqueous salt solutions. Differences in the electrical double layer around finite nanoparticles as compared with flat, infinite surfaces will be discussed. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Kubicki, James D AU - Kim, Sung-Yup AU - van Duin, Adri C AU - Ridley, Moira AU - Machesky, Mike AU - Hummer, Daniel AU - Kent, Paul R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1517 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - water KW - models KW - anatase KW - rutile KW - oxides KW - adsorption KW - simulation KW - nanoparticles KW - ions KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1507185501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+TiO+%28sub+2%29+nanoparticles+interactions+with+water+and+ions&rft.au=Kubicki%2C+James+D%3BKim%2C+Sung-Yup%3Bvan+Duin%2C+Adri+C%3BRidley%2C+Moira%3BMachesky%2C+Mike%3BHummer%2C+Daniel%3BKent%2C+Paul+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kubicki&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.11 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; anatase; ions; models; nanoparticles; oxides; rutile; simulation; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global transcriptome analysis of Clostridium thermocellum ATCC 27405 during growth on dilute acid pretreated Populus and switchgrass AN - 1492625486; 18987129 AB - Background: The thermophilic anaerobe Clostridium thermocellum is a candidate consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) biocatalyst for cellulosic ethanol production. The aim of this study was to investigate C. thermocellum genes required to ferment biomass substrates and to conduct a robust comparison of DNA microarray and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analytical platforms. Results: C. thermocellum ATCC 27405 fermentations were conducted with a 5 g/L solid substrate loading of either pretreated switchgrass or Populus. Quantitative saccharification and inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-ES) for elemental analysis revealed composition differences between biomass substrates, which may have influenced growth and transcriptomic profiles. High quality RNA was prepared for C. thermocellum grown on solid substrates and transcriptome profiles were obtained for two time points during active growth (12 hours and 37 hours postinoculation). A comparison of two transcriptomic analytical techniques, microarray and RNA-seq, was performed and the data analyzed for statistical significance. Large expression differences for cellulosomal genes were not observed. We updated gene predictions for the strain and a small novel gene, Cthe_3383, with a putative AgrD peptide quorum sensing function was among the most highly expressed genes. RNA-seq data also supported different small regulatory RNA predictions over others. The DNA microarray gave a greater number (2,351) of significant genes relative to RNA-seq (280 genes when normalized by the kernel density mean of M component (KDMM) method) in an analysis of variance (ANOVA) testing method with a 5% false discovery rate (FDR). When a 2-fold difference in expression threshold was applied, 73 genes were significantly differentially expressed in common between the two techniques. Sulfate and phosphate uptake/utilization genes, along with genes for a putative efflux pump system were some of the most differentially regulated transcripts when profiles for C. thermocellum grown on either pretreated switchgrass or Populus were compared. Conclusions: Our results suggest that a high degree of agreement in differential gene expression measurements between transcriptomic platforms is possible, but choosing an appropriate normalization regime is essential. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Wilson, Charlotte M AU - Rodriguez, Miguel Jr AU - Johnson, Courtney M AU - Martin, Stanton L AU - Chu, Tzu Ming AU - Wolfinger, Russ D AU - Hauser, Loren J AU - Land, Miriam L AU - Klingeman, Dawn M AU - Syed, Mustafa H AU - Ragauskas, Arthur J AU - Tschaplinski, Timothy J AU - Mielenz, Jonathan R AU - Brown, Steven D AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 179 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genome KW - Reannotation KW - Biomass KW - Elemental composition KW - RNA-seq KW - Microarray KW - Phosphate KW - Normalization KW - Transcriptomics KW - Statistics KW - Data processing KW - Populus KW - Fermentation KW - quorum sensing KW - biocatalysts KW - Clostridium thermocellum KW - Spectroscopy KW - DNA microarrays KW - Sulfate KW - Gene expression KW - RNA KW - Kernels KW - Biofuels KW - Ethanol KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492625486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Global+transcriptome+analysis+of+Clostridium+thermocellum+ATCC+27405+during+growth+on+dilute+acid+pretreated+Populus+and+switchgrass&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Charlotte+M%3BRodriguez%2C+Miguel+Jr%3BJohnson%2C+Courtney+M%3BMartin%2C+Stanton+L%3BChu%2C+Tzu+Ming%3BWolfinger%2C+Russ+D%3BHauser%2C+Loren+J%3BLand%2C+Miriam+L%3BKlingeman%2C+Dawn+M%3BSyed%2C+Mustafa+H%3BRagauskas%2C+Arthur+J%3BTschaplinski%2C+Timothy+J%3BMielenz%2C+Jonathan+R%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Charlotte&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-6-179 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/6/1/179 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Statistics; Fermentation; biocatalysts; quorum sensing; Biomass; Spectroscopy; DNA microarrays; Sulfate; Gene expression; Phosphate; RNA; Kernels; Biofuels; Ethanol; Populus; Clostridium thermocellum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-6-179 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytical chemistry, natural organic matter and climate change; linking chemical signatures and microbial communities that affect carbon cycling in northern peatlands AN - 1492587724; 2014-005721 AB - Global peatlands sequester half as much carbon as that contained in the atmosphere. However, the response of these large carbon reservoirs to global warming remains uncertain. In this presentation the results of experiments designed to identify the reactive and refractory dissolved organic matter (DOM) pools from peatlands in the Marcell Experimental Forest, northern Minnesota, will be described, along with accompanying differences in microbial communities. These experiments included advanced analytical techniques (super 1) (ultrahigh resolution (UHR) mass spectrometry, PARAFAC-modeled 3-D excitation-emission matrix [EEM] fluorescence spectroscopy) and a combination of next generation sequencing and metagenomics. (super 2) Surface peat (0-10 cm) was characterized by high DOC concentrations and relatively low aromaticity. In more decomposed layers at 30-50 cm depth, UHR mass spectra identified distinctly different reactive and refractory DOM pools, as well as the appearance of lipid-like compounds of apparent microbial origin. PARAFAC-modeled EEM revealed fluorescent components (products and reactants) that were consistent with microbial processing. Below 75 cm, results indicate slower degradation of organic matter under anaerobic conditions and stable enzymatic activity. Microbial community structure corresponded strongly to the vertical stratification of dissolved organic matter (DOM) quantity and composition. Atmospheric pressure photoionization was used to selectively observe mass spectra of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), and changes in DON were correlated to nitrogen-specific enzymatic activity in the solid phase peat. These results have important implications for predicting the fate of carbon storage in peatlands, since warming may lead to an increase in deposition of more labile DOM and enhanced phenol oxidase activity, the net effect being a release of a significant store of soil carbon to the atmosphere. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Cooper, W T AU - Tfaily, M M AU - Chanton, J P AU - Kostka, J E AU - Lin, X AU - Chanton, P AU - Steinweg, J M AU - Schadt, C W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 915 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - peatlands KW - communities KW - global change KW - effects KW - ecosystems KW - climate change KW - biota KW - geochemical cycle KW - mires KW - carbon KW - ecology KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - geochemistry KW - global warming KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492587724?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Analytical+chemistry%2C+natural+organic+matter+and+climate+change%3B+linking+chemical+signatures+and+microbial+communities+that+affect+carbon+cycling+in+northern+peatlands&rft.au=Cooper%2C+W+T%3BTfaily%2C+M+M%3BChanton%2C+J+P%3BKostka%2C+J+E%3BLin%2C+X%3BChanton%2C+P%3BSteinweg%2C+J+M%3BSchadt%2C+C+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=915&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.3 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biota; carbon; carbon cycle; climate change; communities; ecology; ecosystems; effects; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; global change; global warming; mires; organic carbon; peatlands DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The relationship of goethite surface structure, habit and adsorption capacity AN - 1477832582; 2014-004100 AB - It is well established that the adsorption capacity of goethite (alpha -FeOOH) per m (super 2) increases significantly with decreasing specific surface area (SSA, determined by N (sub 2) -adsorption). For example, the adsorption of chromate increases three-fold as SSA decreases from 94 to 50 m (super 2) .g (super -1) . This has led to recent explanations postulating the possible roles of different faces with different surface site densities and affinities. The current model assumes that small particles with SSA > 80 m (super 2) /g are "ideal" prismatic crystals elongated parallel to the b-axis (Pnma setting) with {101} and/or {001} forms. It is assumed that the more reactive goethites, which have larger particles and SSA < 80 m (super 2) /g, may have different crystal face distributions to the "ideal" crystals. We report electron microscopy observations on a suite of synthetic goethites with SSA ranging from 40 to 100 m (super 2) .g (super -1) . Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) confirms that the crystals are well-formed elongate blades: the 40 m (super 2) .g (super -1) and the 100 m (super 2) .g (super -1) crystals have length modes of about 1 mu m and 100 nm, respectively. The 40 m (super 2) .g (super -1) sample has single-domain crystals elongated parallel to the b-axis as expected. However, the 100 m (super 2) .g (super -1) sample contains numerous crystals that have mosaic-domain structure and are instead elongated parallel to the [610] direction. Atomic-Resolution Scanning TEM analysis of the steps on the long edges of two crystals of the 40 m (super 2) .g (super -1) sample revealed only 66% terraces parallel to either {001} or {101} forms and 33% parallel to {210}. In contrast, steps on two crystals of the 100 m (super 2) .g (super -1) sample with [610] habit were 96% {210}-type and 4% {110}. The change in habit and increase in {210}-type steps in high SSA samples, although surprising, must now be taken into account in assessing the adsorption behavior of goethites. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Livi, K J T AU - Villalobos, M AU - Varela, M AU - Villacis-Garcia, M AU - Vaca-Escobar, K AU - Sverjensky, D A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1633 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - crystal form KW - habit KW - goethite KW - oxides KW - electron microscopy data KW - crystal structure KW - adsorption KW - TEM data KW - mineral surface KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477832582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+relationship+of+goethite+surface+structure%2C+habit+and+adsorption+capacity&rft.au=Livi%2C+K+J+T%3BVillalobos%2C+M%3BVarela%2C+M%3BVillacis-Garcia%2C+M%3BVaca-Escobar%2C+K%3BSverjensky%2C+D+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Livi&rft.aufirst=K+J&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1633&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.12 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; crystal form; crystal structure; electron microscopy data; goethite; habit; mineral surface; oxides; TEM data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acid gases in CO (sub 2) -rich subsurface geologic environments AN - 1477829750; 2014-002442 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Chialvo, Ariel A AU - Vlcek, Lukas AU - Cole, David R Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 361 EP - 398 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 77 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - carbon sequestration KW - solutions KW - surface tension KW - solubility KW - gases KW - carbon dioxide KW - enthalpy KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - viscosity KW - phase equilibria KW - isotherms KW - acidic composition KW - molecular dynamics KW - greenhouse gases KW - thermodynamic properties KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477829750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Acid+gases+in+CO+%28sub+2%29+-rich+subsurface+geologic+environments&rft.au=Chialvo%2C+Ariel+A%3BVlcek%2C+Lukas%3BCole%2C+David+R&rft.aulast=Chialvo&rft.aufirst=Ariel&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=9780939950928&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.77.10 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 215 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical reactions; enthalpy; gases; greenhouse gases; isotherms; molecular dynamics; phase equilibria; solubility; solutions; surface tension; thermodynamic properties; viscosity; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.77.10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Grain boundary engineering for structure materials of nuclear reactors AN - 1475542293; 18796985 AB - Grain boundary engineering (GBE), primarily implemented by thermomechanical processing, is an effective and economical method of enhancing the properties of polycrystalline materials. Among the factors affecting grain boundary character distribution, literature data showed definitive effect of grain size and texture. GBE is more effective for austenitic stainless steels and Ni-base alloys compared to other structural materials of nuclear reactors, such as refractory metals, ferritic and ferritic-martensitic steels, and Zr alloys. GBE has shown beneficial effects on improving the strength, creep strength, and resistance to stress corrosion cracking and oxidation of austenitic stainless steels and Ni-base alloys. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Tan, L AU - Allen, T R AU - Busby, J T AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, United States, tanl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 661 EP - 666 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 441 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Particle size KW - Metals KW - Creep KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Economics KW - Radioactive materials KW - Oxidation KW - Corrosion KW - Alloys KW - Steel KW - Grains KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475542293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Grain+boundary+engineering+for+structure+materials+of+nuclear+reactors&rft.au=Tan%2C+L%3BAllen%2C+T+R%3BBusby%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Tan&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=441&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=661&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Metals; Creep; Nuclear reactors; Oxidation; Radioactive materials; Economics; Corrosion; Alloys; Steel; Grains ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of U-frame bending system for studying the vibration integrity of spent nuclear fuel AN - 1475539188; 18796846 AB - A bending fatigue system developed to evaluate the response of spent nuclear fuel rods to vibration loads is presented. A U-frame testing setup is used for imposing bending loads on the fuel rod specimen. The U-frame setup consists of two rigid arms, side connecting plates to the rigid arms, and linkages to a universal testing machine. The test specimen's curvature is obtained through a three-point deflection measurement method. The tests using surrogate specimens with stainless steel cladding revealed increased flexural rigidity under unidirectional cyclic bending, significant effect of cladding-pellets bonding on the response of surrogate rods, and substantial cyclic softening in reverse bending mode. These phenomena may cast light on the expected response of a spent nuclear fuel rod. The developed U-frame system is thus verified and demonstrated to be ready for further pursuit in hot-cell tests. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Wang, Hong AU - Wang, Jy-An John AU - Tan, Ting AU - Jiang, Hao AU - Cox, Thomas S AU - Howard, Rob L AU - Bevard, Bruce B AU - Flanagan, Michelle AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States, wangja@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 201 EP - 213 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 440 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fatigue KW - Vibration KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Radioactive materials KW - Steel KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475539188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Development+of+U-frame+bending+system+for+studying+the+vibration+integrity+of+spent+nuclear+fuel&rft.au=Wang%2C+Hong%3BWang%2C+Jy-An+John%3BTan%2C+Ting%3BJiang%2C+Hao%3BCox%2C+Thomas+S%3BHoward%2C+Rob+L%3BBevard%2C+Bruce+B%3BFlanagan%2C+Michelle&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Hong&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=440&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fatigue; Fuels; Vibration; Radioactive materials; Nuclear fuels; Steel ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled thermochemical, isotopic evolution and heat transfer simulations in highly irradiated UO(2) nuclear fuel AN - 1475534175; 18796932 AB - Predictive capabilities for simulating irradiated nuclear fuel behavior are enhanced in the current work by coupling thermochemistry, isotopic evolution and heat transfer. Thermodynamic models that are incorporated into this framework not only predict the departure from stoichiometry of UO(2), but also consider dissolved fission and activation products in the fluorite oxide phase, noble metal inclusions, secondary oxides including uranates, zirconates, molybdates and the gas phase. Thermochemical computations utilize the spatial and temporal evolution of the fission and activation product inventory in the pellet, which is typically neglected in nuclear fuel performance simulations. Isotopic computations encompass the depletion, decay and transmutation of more than 2000 isotopes that are calculated at every point in space and time. These computations take into consideration neutron flux depression and the increased production of fissile plutonium near the fuel pellet periphery (i.e., the so-called "rim effect"). Thermochemical and isotopic predictions are in very good agreement with reported experimental measurements of highly irradiated UO(2) fuel with an average burnup of 102 GW d t(U)(-1). Simulation results demonstrate that predictions are considerably enhanced when coupling thermochemical and isotopic computations in comparison to empirical correlations. Notice: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Piro, M H A AU - Banfield, J AU - Clarno, K T AU - Simunovic, S AU - Besmann, T M AU - Lewis, B J AU - Thompson, W T AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, markuspiro@gmail.com Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 240 EP - 251 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 441 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Metals KW - Isotopes KW - Plutonium KW - Depression KW - Thermodynamics KW - Contracts KW - Fuels KW - Simulation KW - Heat transfer KW - USA KW - Energy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Decay KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475534175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Coupled+thermochemical%2C+isotopic+evolution+and+heat+transfer+simulations+in+highly+irradiated+UO%282%29+nuclear+fuel&rft.au=Piro%2C+M+H+A%3BBanfield%2C+J%3BClarno%2C+K+T%3BSimunovic%2C+S%3BBesmann%2C+T+M%3BLewis%2C+B+J%3BThompson%2C+W+T&rft.aulast=Piro&rft.aufirst=M+H&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=441&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Metals; Isotopes; Depression; Plutonium; Contracts; Thermodynamics; Fuels; Simulation; Heat transfer; Energy; Nuclear fuels; Radioactive materials; Decay; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of thermomechanical treatment on 9Cr ferritic-martensitic steels AN - 1475532753; 18796992 AB - High-Cr (9 wt.%) ferritic-martensitic steels are important materials for use in nuclear reactors. This study shows a development activity for this category of steels via thermomechanical treatment (TMT) optimization and alloying element adjustment based on Grade 92 steels. Vickers microhardness and tensile tests were employed to assess the mechanical properties of the materials in the normalized-tempered (N&T) and optimized TMT conditions. The treatment of one of the modified heats produced ~29% and ~47% increases in hardness and yield strength, respectively, compared to the Grade 92 in the N&T condition. The TMT-treated alloys showed comparable or superior strength relative to the oxide-dispersion-strengthened steel PM2000. Microstructure analyses by optical and transmission electron microscopy together with thermodynamic calculations identified the strengthening mechanisms of the TMT and precipitates. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Tan, L AU - Busby, J T AU - Maziasz, P J AU - Yamamoto, Y AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, United States, tanl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 713 EP - 717 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 441 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Chromium molybdenum steels KW - Chromium steels KW - Ferrous alloys KW - Superalloys KW - 92 KW - 9Cr KW - PM2000 KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Thermodynamics KW - Radioactive materials KW - Microscopy KW - Alloys KW - Steel KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475532753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Effect+of+thermomechanical+treatment+on+9Cr+ferritic-martensitic+steels&rft.au=Tan%2C+L%3BBusby%2C+J+T%3BMaziasz%2C+P+J%3BYamamoto%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Tan&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=441&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=713&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear reactors; Thermodynamics; Microscopy; Radioactive materials; Alloys; Steel ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Properties of zirconium carbide for nuclear fuel applications AN - 1475531879; 18796993 AB - Zirconium carbide (ZrC) is a potential coating, oxygen-gettering, or inert matrix material for advanced high temperature reactor fuels. ZrC has demonstrated attractive properties for these fuel applications including excellent resistance against fission product corrosion and fission product retention capabilities. However, fabrication of ZrC results in a range of stable sub-stoichiometric and carbon-rich compositions with or without substantial microstructural inhomogeneity, textural anisotropy, and a phase separation, leading to variations in physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties. The effects of neutron irradiation at elevated temperatures, currently only poorly understood, are believed to be substantially influenced by those compositional and microstructural features further adding complexity to understanding the key ZrC properties. This article provides a survey of properties data for ZrC, as required by the United States Department of Energy's advanced fuel programs in support of the current efforts toward fuel performance modeling and providing guidance for future research on ZrC for fuel applications. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Katoh, Yutai AU - Vasudevamurthy, Gokul AU - Nozawa, Takashi AU - Snead, Lance L AD - Materials Science & Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, gvasudev@vcu.edu Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 718 EP - 742 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 441 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fuels KW - Temperature KW - Zirconium KW - Fission products KW - USA KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Energy KW - High temperature KW - Irradiation KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Radioactive materials KW - Corrosion KW - Coatings KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475531879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Properties+of+zirconium+carbide+for+nuclear+fuel+applications&rft.au=Katoh%2C+Yutai%3BVasudevamurthy%2C+Gokul%3BNozawa%2C+Takashi%3BSnead%2C+Lance+L&rft.aulast=Katoh&rft.aufirst=Yutai&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=441&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=718&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 126 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fission products; Nuclear reactors; Irradiation; High temperature; Energy; Fuels; Radioactive materials; Nuclear fuels; Temperature; Corrosion; Zirconium; Coatings; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High temperature oxidation of fuel cladding candidate materials in steam-hydrogen environments AN - 1475531747; 18796869 AB - Alternative fuel cladding materials to Zr alloys are being investigated for enhanced accident tolerance, which specifically involves oxidation resistance to steam or steam-H(2) environments at (greater-than or equal to) 1200 degree C for short times. Based on a comparison of a range of commercial and model alloys, conventional austenitic steels do not have sufficient oxidation resistance with only ~18Cr-10Ni. Higher alloyed type 310 stainless steel is protective but Ni is not a desirable alloy addition for this application. Results at 1350 degree C indicated that FeCrAl alloys and CVD SiC remain oxidation resistant in steam. At 1200 degree C, high ((greater-than or equal to)25% Cr) ferritic alloys appear to be good candidates for this application. Higher pressures (up to 20.7 bar) and H(2) additions appeared to have a limited effect on the oxidation behavior of the most oxidation resistant alloys, but higher pressures accelerated the maximum metal loss for less oxidation resistant steels and less metal loss was observed for type 317 L tubing in a H(2)-50%H(2)O environment at 10.3 bar compared to 100% H(2)O. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Pint, B A AU - Terrani, K A AU - Brady, M P AU - Cheng, T AU - Keiser, J R AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6156, USA, pintba@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 420 EP - 427 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 440 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Austenitic stainless steels KW - Ferrous alloys KW - 310 KW - 317 KW - Fe-Cr-Al KW - Metals KW - Fuel technology KW - Accidents KW - Fuels KW - High temperature KW - Oxidation KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Radioactive materials KW - Alloys KW - Steel KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475531747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=High+temperature+oxidation+of+fuel+cladding+candidate+materials+in+steam-hydrogen+environments&rft.au=Pint%2C+B+A%3BTerrani%2C+K+A%3BBrady%2C+M+P%3BCheng%2C+T%3BKeiser%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Pint&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=440&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=420&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuel technology; Metals; Accidents; High temperature; Fuels; Radioactive materials; Nuclear fuels; Oxidation; Alloys; Steel ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamic modeling and experimental study of the Fe-Cr-Zr system AN - 1475531634; 18796926 AB - This work developed thermodynamic models for describing phase stability and thermodynamic property of the Fe-Cr-Zr system using the Calphad approach coupled with experimental study. Thermodynamic descriptions of the Fe-Cr and Cr-Zr systems were either directly adopted or slightly modified from literature. The Fe-Zr system has been remodeled to accommodate recent ab-initio calculation of formation enthalpies of various Fe-Zr compounds. Reliable ternary experimental data and thermodynamic models were mainly available in the Zr-rich region. Therefore, selected ternary alloys located in the vicinity of the eutectic valley of beta(Fe, Cr, Zr) and (Fe, Cr)(2)Zr laves phase in the Fe-rich region have been experimentally investigated in this study. Microstructure has been examined by using scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. These experimental results, along with the literature data were then used to develop thermodynamic models for phases in the Fe-Cr-Zr system. Calculated phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties of the ternary system yield satisfactory agreements with available experimental data. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Yang, Ying AU - Tan, Lizhen AU - Bei, Hongbin AU - Busby, Jeremy T AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, yangying@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 190 EP - 202 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 441 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Thermodynamics KW - Radioactive materials KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - Alloys KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Valleys KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475531634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Thermodynamic+modeling+and+experimental+study+of+the+Fe-Cr-Zr+system&rft.au=Yang%2C+Ying%3BTan%2C+Lizhen%3BBei%2C+Hongbin%3BBusby%2C+Jeremy+T&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Ying&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=441&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=190&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thermodynamics; Radioactive materials; X-ray spectroscopy; Alloys; X-ray diffraction; Valleys ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporation of a pertechnetate analog, perrhenate, by sodalite in competition with other anions AN - 1469616622; 2013-100660 AB - Spent nuclear fuel/waste is dubbed "one of the most hazardous substances ever created by humans" and the U.S. is credited with 104 nuclear power plants that have already generated 70,000 metric tons of radioactive waste. Currently these spent nuclear fuel/wastes are being stored in swimming- pool-like tanks, and steel/concrete tanks at reactor sites in 33 U.S. States due to lack of permanent repository (C&EN, 2012). Radionuclide contamination at nuclear sites and power plants are a worldwide hazardous waste problem. Technetium-99 ( (super 99) Tc), a long-lived radionuclide at select DOE waste sites, presents a major concern due to its long half-life (211,000 y) and high mobility in oxidized subsurface environments. 99Tc contamination has been found in the sediments beneath the Washington State Hanford Site Tank Farms after leakage of caustic, Al-rich, and high ionic strength high-level waste (HLW) solutions. Due to these releases, (super 99) Tc inventory (5.31X10 (sub 3) Ci) is predicted to leach into the ground water table at concentrations in excess of the MCL of 53 mu g L (super -1) . Interestingly, nearly 50 years after the release of the contaminant into the environment, most of the (super 99) Tc persists in the deep subsurface sediment. We hypothesize that the formation of feldspathoid- type minerals within native Hanford sediment is sequestering (super 99) Tc. Previous studies demonstrated (super 90) Sr and (super 137) Cs incorporation into feldspathoid minerals, such as sodalite, that formed as a result of contact between Hanford primary silicate minerals and HLW solutions.To elucidate the role of competing anions on TcO - incorporation, we used ReO - as an analog to synthesize various anionic sodalites. The pure and mixed anion-bearing sodalites were characterized by XRD, XRF, electron microprobe, and wet digestion. ReO - concentrations in the resulting sodalite samples ranged from 13 mmol kg (super -1) in the mixed-anionic sodalites to 760 mmol kg (super -1) in the pure ReO - sodalite. Prolonged aging appeared to increase crystallinity; however, enclathration of ReO - into the sodalite framework with time was inconsistent. Using the 211 x-ray diffraction peak of sodalite, the unit cell parameter linearly increased with increasing anionic radius. These data imply that (super 99) Tc found in Hanford tank waste stream loaded with smaller competing anions (NO -, NO -Cl-, SO (super 2-) etc.) is unlikely to be sequestered into sodalite. As sodalite group mineral can deform to host guest anions of varying ionic sizes, detailed information on the structural refinements for these various mixed anion-bearing sodalites will shed light on the tilting/deformation of sodalite framework structure. Our future work will be directed at elucidating these structural changes and conditions under which Tc incorporation might be favored. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Dickson, Johnbull AU - Harsh, James AU - Pierce, Eric AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 987 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - silicates KW - technetium KW - anions KW - Washington KW - lattice KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - pollutants KW - unit cell KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - crystal structure KW - pertechnetate KW - radioactive waste KW - metals KW - perrhenate KW - sodalite group KW - framework silicates KW - sodalite KW - waste disposal KW - water pollution KW - mobility KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1469616622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Incorporation+of+a+pertechnetate+analog%2C+perrhenate%2C+by+sodalite+in+competition+with+other+anions&rft.au=Dickson%2C+Johnbull%3BHarsh%2C+James%3BPierce%2C+Eric%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dickson&rft.aufirst=Johnbull&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=987&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.4 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anions; crystal structure; framework silicates; Hanford Site; lattice; metals; mobility; perrhenate; pertechnetate; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; silicates; sodalite; sodalite group; technetium; unit cell; United States; Washington; waste disposal; water pollution; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reply to: Comment on 'neutron imaging reveals internal plant water dynamics' AN - 1443369056; 18684924 AB - Background: Our recent publication (Warren et al., Plant Soil 366:683-693, 2013) described how pulses of deuterium oxide (D sub(2)O) or H sub(2)O combined with neutron radiography can be used to indicate root water uptake and hydraulic redistribution in maize. This technique depends on the large inherent differences in neutron cross-section between D and H atoms resulting in strong image contrast. Scope and Conclusions: However, as illustrated by Carminati and Zarebanadkouki (2013) there can be a change in total water content without a change in contrast simply by a change in the relative proportions of D sub(2)O and H sub(2)O. We agree with their premise and detailed calculations (Zarebanadkouki at al. 2012, 2013), and present further evidence that mixing of D sub(2)O and H sub(2)O did not confound evidence of hydraulic redistribution in our study. JF - Plant and Soil AU - Warren, Jeffrey M AU - Bilheux, Hassina AU - Cheng, Chu-Lin AU - Perfect, Edmund AD - Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 737831-6301, USA, warrenjm@ornl.gov PY - 2013 SP - 15 EP - 17 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 371 IS - 1-2 SN - 0032-079X, 0032-079X KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Neutrons KW - Water uptake KW - Soil KW - Hydraulics KW - Zea mays KW - Roots KW - oxides KW - Radiography KW - Water content KW - imaging KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1443369056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+and+Soil&rft.atitle=Reply+to%3A+Comment+on+%27neutron+imaging+reveals+internal+plant+water+dynamics%27&rft.au=Warren%2C+Jeffrey+M%3BBilheux%2C+Hassina%3BCheng%2C+Chu-Lin%3BPerfect%2C+Edmund&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=371&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+and+Soil&rft.issn=0032079X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11104-013-1858-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Water uptake; Neutrons; Hydraulics; oxides; Roots; Radiography; Water content; imaging; Zea mays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1858-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clostridium thermocellum transcriptomic profiles after exposure to furfural or heat stress AN - 1443367532; 18636106 AB - Background: The thermophilic anaerobe Clostridium thermocellum is a candidate consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) biocatalyst for cellulosic ethanol production. It is capable of both cellulose solubilization and its fermentation to produce lignocellulosic ethanol. Intolerance to stresses routinely encountered during industrial fermentations may hinder the commercial development of this organism. A previous C. thermocellum ethanol stress study showed that the largest transcriptomic response was in genes and proteins related to nitrogen uptake and metabolism. Results: In this study, C. thermocellum was grown to mid-exponential phase and treated with furfural or heat to a final concentration of 3 g.L super(-1) or 68 degree C respectively to investigate general and specific physiological and regulatory stress responses. Samples were taken at 10, 30, 60 and 120 min post-shock, and from untreated control fermentations, for transcriptomic analyses and fermentation product determinations and compared to a published dataset from an ethanol stress study. Urea uptake genes were induced following furfural stress, but not to the same extent as ethanol stress and transcription from these genes was largely unaffected by heat stress. The largest transcriptomic response to furfural stress was genes for sulfate transporter subunits and enzymes in the sulfate assimilatory pathway, although these genes were also affected late in the heat and ethanol stress responses. Lactate production was higher in furfural treated culture, although the lactate dehydrogenase gene was not differentially expressed under this condition. Other redox related genes such as a copy of the rex gene, a bifunctional acetaldehyde-CoA/alcohol dehydrogenase and adjacent genes did show lower expression after furfural stress compared to the control, heat and ethanol fermentation profiles. Heat stress induced expression from chaperone related genes and overlap was observed with the responses to the other stresses. This study suggests the involvement of C. thermocellum genes with functions in oxidative stress protection, electron transfer, detoxification, sulfur and nitrogen acquisition, and DNA repair mechanisms in its stress responses and the use of different regulatory networks to coordinate and control adaptation. Conclusions: This study has identified C. thermocellum gene regulatory motifs and aspects of physiology and gene regulation for further study. The nexus between future systems biology studies and recently developed genetic tools for C. thermocellum offers the potential for more rapid strain development and for broader insights into this organism's physiology and regulation. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Wilson, Charlotte M AU - Yang, Shihui AU - Rodriguez, Miguel Jr AU - Ma, Qin AU - Johnson, Courtney M AU - Dice, Lezlee AU - Xu, Ying AU - Brown, Steven D AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, 37831 TN, USA Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 131 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biomass KW - Recalcitrance KW - Inhibitor KW - Stress KW - DNA microarray KW - Regulation KW - Regulatory motif KW - Sulfur KW - Detoxification KW - Fermentation KW - biocatalysts KW - Cellulose KW - Cell culture KW - Urea KW - Electron transfer KW - Gene expression KW - Oxidative stress KW - Solubilization KW - sulfate transporter KW - Ethanol KW - Furfural KW - Adaptations KW - Alcohol dehydrogenase KW - Transcription KW - Enzymes KW - Clostridium thermocellum KW - DNA repair KW - L-Lactate dehydrogenase KW - Sulfate KW - Heat KW - Gene regulation KW - Lactic acid KW - Chaperones KW - Intolerance KW - Metabolism KW - Biofuels KW - Nitrogen KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1443367532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Clostridium+thermocellum+transcriptomic+profiles+after+exposure+to+furfural+or+heat+stress&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Charlotte+M%3BYang%2C+Shihui%3BRodriguez%2C+Miguel+Jr%3BMa%2C+Qin%3BJohnson%2C+Courtney+M%3BDice%2C+Lezlee%3BXu%2C+Ying%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Charlotte&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-6-131 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/6/1/131 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Detoxification; Sulfur; Fermentation; biocatalysts; Cellulose; Urea; Cell culture; Electron transfer; Gene expression; Oxidative stress; Solubilization; sulfate transporter; Furfural; Ethanol; Adaptations; Alcohol dehydrogenase; Enzymes; Transcription; Stress; DNA repair; Sulfate; L-Lactate dehydrogenase; Heat; Gene regulation; Lactic acid; Chaperones; Biofuels; Metabolism; Intolerance; Nitrogen; Clostridium thermocellum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-6-131 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental and Socioeconomic Indicators for Bioenergy Sustainability as Applied to Eucalyptus AN - 1439237628; 18576454 AB - Eucalyptus is a fast-growing tree native to Australia and could be used to supply biomass for bioenergy and other purposes along the coastal regions of the southeastern United States (USA). At a farmgate price of $66 dry Mg super(-1) , a potential supply of 27 to 41.3 million dry Mg year super(-1) of Eucalyptus could be produced on about 1.75 million ha in the southeastern USA. A proposed suite of indicators provides a practical and consistent way to measure the sustainability of a particular situation where Eucalyptus might be grown as a feedstock for conversion to bioenergy. Applying this indicator suite to Eucalyptus culture in the southeastern USA provides a basis for the practical evaluation of socioeconomic and environmental sustainability in those systems. Sustainability issues associated with using Eucalyptus for bioenergy do not differ greatly from those of other feedstocks, for prior land-use practices are a dominant influence. Particular concerns focus on the potential for invasiveness, water use, and social acceptance. This paper discusses opportunities and constraints of sustainable production of Eucalyptus in the southeastern USA. For example, potential effects on sustainability that can occur in all five stages of the biofuel life cycle are depicted. JF - International Journal of Forestry Research AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Langholtz, Matthew H AU - Wesh, Beau M AU - Eaton, Laurence M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Center for BioEnergy Sustainability, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, dalevh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - Jan 2013 PB - Hindawi Publishing Corporation, P.O. Box 3079 Cuyahoga Falls OH 44223 United States VL - 2013 SN - 1687-9368, 1687-9368 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Land Use KW - Fuel technology KW - Invasiveness KW - Trees KW - Prices KW - Indicators KW - Socioeconomics KW - Life cycle KW - Forestry research KW - USA, Southeast KW - Sustainability KW - Eucalyptus KW - Evaluation KW - USA KW - Coastal zone KW - Cultures KW - Australia KW - Life Cycles KW - Biofuels KW - Forestry KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1439237628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Forestry+Research&rft.atitle=Environmental+and+Socioeconomic+Indicators+for+Bioenergy+Sustainability+as+Applied+to+Eucalyptus&rft.au=Dale%2C+Virginia+H%3BLangholtz%2C+Matthew+H%3BWesh%2C+Beau+M%3BEaton%2C+Laurence+M&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Forestry+Research&rft.issn=16879368&rft_id=info:doi/10.1155%2F2013%2F215276 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuel technology; Coastal zone; Invasiveness; Trees; Forestry research; Life cycle; Socioeconomics; Biofuels; Sustainability; Land Use; Evaluation; Prices; Cultures; Indicators; Life Cycles; Forestry; Eucalyptus; USA; Australia; USA, Southeast DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/215276 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disk-cylinder and disk-sphere nanoparticles via a block copolymer blend solution construction. AN - 1418647569; 23921650 AB - Researchers strive to produce nanoparticles with complexity in composition and structure. Although traditional spherical, cylindrical and membranous, or planar, nanostructures are ubiquitous, scientists seek more complicated geometries for potential functionality. Here we report the simple solution construction of multigeometry nanoparticles, disk-sphere and disk-cylinder, through a straightforward, molecular-level, blending strategy with binary mixtures of block copolymers. The multigeometry nanoparticles contain disk geometry in the core with either spherical patches along the disk periphery in the case of disk-sphere particles or cylindrical edges and handles in the case of the disk-cylinder particles. The portions of different geometry in the same nanoparticles contain different core block chemistry, thus also defining multicompartments in the nanoparticles. Although the block copolymers chosen for the blends are important for the definition of the final hybrid particles, the control of the kinetic pathway of assembly is critical for successful multigeometry particle construction. JF - Nature communications AU - Zhu, Jiahua AU - Zhang, Shiyi AU - Zhang, Ke AU - Wang, Xiaojun AU - Mays, Jimmy W AU - Wooley, Karen L AU - Pochan, Darrin J AD - Center of Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 2297 VL - 4 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1418647569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+communications&rft.atitle=Disk-cylinder+and+disk-sphere+nanoparticles+via+a+block+copolymer+blend+solution+construction.&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Jiahua%3BZhang%2C+Shiyi%3BZhang%2C+Ke%3BWang%2C+Xiaojun%3BMays%2C+Jimmy+W%3BWooley%2C+Karen+L%3BPochan%2C+Darrin+J&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Jiahua&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+communications&rft.issn=2041-1723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fncomms3297 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-02-27 N1 - Date created - 2013-08-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3297 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PoPLAR: Portal for Petascale Lifescience Applications and Research AN - 1399922085; 18227238 AB - Background: We are focusing specifically on fast data analysis and retrieval in bioinformatics that will have a direct impact on the quality of human health and the environment. The exponential growth of data generated in biology research, from small atoms to big ecosystems, necessitates an increasingly large computational component to perform analyses. Novel DNA sequencing technologies and complementary high-throughput approaches--such as proteomics, genomics, metabolomics, and meta-genomics--drive data-intensive bioinformatics. While individual research centers or universities could once provide for these applications, this is no longer the case. Today, only specialized national centers can deliver the level of computing resources required to meet the challenges posed by rapid data growth and the resulting computational demand. Consequently, we are developing massively parallel applications to analyze the growing flood of biological data and contribute to the rapid discovery of novel knowledge. Methods: The efforts of previous National Science Foundation (NSF) projects provided for the generation of parallel modules for widely used bioinformatics applications on the Kraken supercomputer. We have profiled and optimized the code of some of the scientific community's most widely used desktop and small-cluster-based applications, including BLAST from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), HMMER, and MUSCLE; scaled them to tens of thousands of cores on high-performance computing (HPC) architectures; made them robust and portable to next-generation architectures; and incorporated these parallel applications in science gateways with a web-based portal. Results: This paper will discuss the various developmental stages, challenges, and solutions involved in taking bioinformatics applications from the desktop to petascale with a front-end portal for very-large-scale data analysis in the life sciences. Conclusions: This research will help to bridge the gap between the rate of data generation and the speed at which scientists can study this data. The ability to rapidly analyze data at such a large scale is having a significant, direct impact on science achieved by collaborators who are currently using these tools on supercomputers. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Rekapalli, Bhanu AU - Giblock, Paul AU - Reardon, Christopher AD - Joint Institute for Computational Sciences, The University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd., Bldg. 5100, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6173, USA Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB United Kingdom VL - 14 IS - Suppl 9 SN - 1471-2105, 1471-2105 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - DNA sequencing KW - Data processing KW - Floods KW - Muscles KW - Developmental stages KW - Bioinformatics KW - genomics KW - proteomics KW - Computer applications KW - metabolomics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1399922085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=PoPLAR%3A+Portal+for+Petascale+Lifescience+Applications+and+Research&rft.au=Rekapalli%2C+Bhanu%3BGiblock%2C+Paul%3BReardon%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Rekapalli&rft.aufirst=Bhanu&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=Suppl+9&rft.spage=S3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=14712105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-14-S9-S3 L2 - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/14/S9/S3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA sequencing; Data processing; Floods; Muscles; Developmental stages; proteomics; genomics; Bioinformatics; Computer applications; metabolomics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-14-S9-S3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - OBSERVATION AND POSSIBLE MECHANISM OF IRRADIATION INDUCED CREEP IN CERAMICS AN - 1349464538; 17902075 AB - Stress relaxation of elastically strained silicon carbide samples during high flux neutron irradiation to about 2 displacements per atom at intermediate (390-540 C) to high (790-1180 C) temperatures is presented. The magnitude of stress relaxation normalised to the initial stress magnitude is independent of the initial stress magnitude, indicating a stress exponent of unity for irradiation creep in SiC. The creep strain increases with the increasing fluence while the strain rate significantly decreases. A linear relationship was found between the creep strain and the transient swelling that occurs due to irradiation defect accumulation. The apparent irradiation creep compliances for SiC are substantially smaller than those associated with pure metals and alloys. Microstructural examination suggests that incoherent grain boundaries probably play a major role in determining the primary transient irradiation creep of these materials at high temperatures with a potential additional contribution from basal slip at very high temperatures. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Katoh, Y AU - Snead, L L AU - Parish, C M AU - Hinoki, T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 141 EP - 151 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 434 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - ALLOY KW - ATOM KW - BASAL SLIP KW - CALCULATION KW - CHARACTERISATION KW - CREEP KW - CREEP DEFORMATION KW - CREEP RATE KW - CREEP STRAIN KW - DEFECT KW - DEFORMATION KW - DISPLACEMENT KW - ELASTIC CONSTANT KW - ELASTIC PROPERTIES KW - ELASTIC STRAIN KW - ENGINEERING CERAMIC KW - EVALUATION KW - FLUENCE KW - GRAIN KW - GRAIN BOUNDARY KW - HIGH TEMPERATURE KW - HIGH-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES KW - LINEAR RELATIONSHIP KW - MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS KW - MEASUREMENT KW - MECHANICAL PROPERTIES KW - MECHANISM KW - METAL KW - MICROSTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS KW - MICROSTRUCTURE KW - NEUTRON FLUX KW - NEUTRON IRRADIATION KW - NUCLEAR APPLICATION KW - NUCLEAR RADIATION KW - RUPTURE KW - SILICON CARBIDE KW - STRAIN KW - STRAIN RATE KW - STRESS KW - STRESS ANALYSIS KW - STRESS EXPONENT KW - STRESS RELAXATION KW - STRESS-STRAIN PROPERTIES KW - STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONSHIP KW - SWELLING KW - TECHNICAL KW - TEMPERATURE RANGE KW - TEST KW - TEST METHOD KW - TEST SPECIMEN KW - TESTING KW - TRANSIENT KW - TRANSIENT CREEP KW - Ceramics KW - Metals KW - Creep KW - Silicon KW - Irradiation KW - High temperature KW - Radioactive materials KW - Stress KW - Alloys KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1349464538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=OBSERVATION+AND+POSSIBLE+MECHANISM+OF+IRRADIATION+INDUCED+CREEP+IN+CERAMICS&rft.au=Katoh%2C+Y%3BSnead%2C+L+L%3BParish%2C+C+M%3BHinoki%2C+T&rft.aulast=Katoh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=434&rft.issue=&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ceramics; Metals; Silicon; Creep; High temperature; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Alloys; Stress ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of microbial-enzyme-mediated decomposition model parameters through steady-state and dynamic analyses AN - 1323806728; 17840531 AB - We developed a microbial-enzyme-mediated decomposition (MEND) model, based on the Michaelis-Menten kinetics, that describes the dynamics of physically defined pools of soil organic matter (SOC). These include paniculate, mineral-associated, dissolved organic matter (POC, MOC, and DOC, respectively), microbial biomass, and associated exoenzymes. The ranges and/or distributions of parameters were determined by both analytical steady-state and dynamic analyses with SOC data from the literature. We used an improved multi-objective parameter sensitivity analysis (MOPSA) to identify the most important parameters for the full model: maintenance of microbial biomass, turnover and synthesis of enzymes, and carbon use efficiency (CUE). The model predicted that an increase of 2 degree C (baseline temperature 12 degree C) caused the pools of POC-cellulose, MOC, and total SOC to increase with dynamic CUE and decrease with constant CUE, as indicated by the 50% confidence intervals. Regardless of dynamic or constant CUE, the changes in pool size of POC, MOC, and total SOC varied from -8% to 8% under +2 degree C. The scenario analysis using a single parameter set indicates that higher temperature with dynamic CUE might result in greater net increases in both POC-cellulose and MOC pools. Different dynamics of various SOC pools reflected the catalytic functions of specific enzymes targeting specific substrates and the interactions between microbes, enzymes, and SOC. With the feasible parameter values estimated in this study, models incorporating fundamental principles of microbial-enzyme dynamics can lead to simulation results qualitatively different from traditional models with fast/slow/passive pools. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Wang, G AU - Post, WM AU - Mayes, MA AD - Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6301 USA, wangg@ornl.gov A2 - Sinsabaugh, RL (ed) Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - Jan 2013 SP - 255 EP - 272 PB - Ecological Society of America, 1707 H Street, N.W., Suite 400 Washington DC 20006 United States VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Data processing KW - dissolved organic matter KW - Organic matter KW - Enzymes KW - Soils (organic) KW - Biomass KW - Decomposition KW - Models KW - Carbon KW - Kinetics KW - Dissolved organic carbon KW - D 04030:Models, Methods, Remote Sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1323806728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Development+of+microbial-enzyme-mediated+decomposition+model+parameters+through+steady-state+and+dynamic+analyses&rft.au=Wang%2C+G%3BPost%2C+WM%3BMayes%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Data processing; Carbon; dissolved organic matter; Kinetics; Organic matter; Enzymes; Soils (organic); Dissolved organic carbon; Biomass; Decomposition; Models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adsorption tests AN - 1291605072; 17650474 AB - Seawater has vast amounts of trace metals at low concentrations (Table 1). Although the concentration is low (3.32 ppb), the total amount of uranium in seawater is estimated at 4.5 billion tonnes, nearly a thousand times larger than the estimated conventional reserves [1]. JF - Nuclear Engineering International AU - Kim, J AU - Tsouris, C AU - Oyola, Y AU - Mayes, R AU - Hexel, C AU - Janke, C AU - Dai, S AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6181 USA Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - Jan 2013 SP - 34 EP - 35 PB - Wilmington Publishing, Wilmington House Sidcup Kent DA14 5HZ United Kingdom VL - 58 IS - 702 SN - 0029-5507, 0029-5507 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Seawater KW - Uranium KW - Adsorption KW - Trace metals KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - ENA 08:International UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1291605072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Engineering+International&rft.atitle=Adsorption+tests&rft.au=Kim%2C+J%3BTsouris%2C+C%3BOyola%2C+Y%3BMayes%2C+R%3BHexel%2C+C%3BJanke%2C+C%3BDai%2C+S&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=702&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Engineering+International&rft.issn=00295507&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Uranium; Seawater; Adsorption; Trace metals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies for Energy-Efficient Resource Management of Hybrid Programming Models AN - 1283710488; 17456769 AB - Many scientific applications are programmed using hybrid programming models that use both message passing and shared memory, due to the increasing prevalence of large-scale systems with multicore, multisocket nodes. Previous work has shown that energy efficiency can be improved using software-controlled execution schemes that consider both the programming model and the power-aware execution capabilities of the system. However, such approaches have focused on identifying optimal resource utilization for one programming model, either shared memory or message passing, in isolation. The potential solution space, thus the challenge, increases substantially when optimizing hybrid models since the possible resource configurations increase exponentially. Nonetheless, with the accelerating adoption of hybrid programming models, we increasingly need improved energy efficiency in hybrid parallel applications on large-scale systems. In this work, we present new software-controlled execution schemes that consider the effects of dynamic concurrency throttling (DCT) and dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) in the context of hybrid programming models. Specifically, we present predictive models and novel algorithms based on statistical analysis that anticipate application power and time requirements under different concurrency and frequency configurations. We apply our models and methods to the NPB MZ benchmarks and selected applications from the ASC Sequoia codes. Overall, we achieve substantial energy savings (8.74 percent on average and up to 13.8 percent) with some performance gain (up to 7.5 percent) or negligible performance loss. JF - IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems AU - Li, Dong AU - de Supinski, Bronis R AU - Schulz, Martin AU - Nikolopoulos, Dimitrios S AU - Cameron, Kirk W AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge and Virginia Tech, Blacksburg Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - Jan 2013 SP - 144 EP - 157 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 345 E. 47th St. NY NY 10017-2394 United States VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 1045-9219, 1045-9219 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Resource management KW - Hybrids KW - Prediction models KW - Energy conservation KW - Benchmarks KW - Scaling KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1283710488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Transactions+on+Parallel+and+Distributed+Systems&rft.atitle=Strategies+for+Energy-Efficient+Resource+Management+of+Hybrid+Programming+Models&rft.au=Li%2C+Dong%3Bde+Supinski%2C+Bronis+R%3BSchulz%2C+Martin%3BNikolopoulos%2C+Dimitrios+S%3BCameron%2C+Kirk+W&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Dong&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+Transactions+on+Parallel+and+Distributed+Systems&rft.issn=10459219&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FTPDS.2012.95 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-09-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Resource management; Hybrids; Energy conservation; Prediction models; Benchmarks; Scaling DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPDS.2012.95 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neutron reflectometry reveals the internal structure of organic compounds deposited on aluminum oxide AN - 1282825237; 2013-016078 AB - Organic carbon (OC) stabilization in soils plays a significant role in the global C cycle, therefore understanding the structure and function of the OC-soil mineral interface is of high importance. To study the interface, films of simple OC compounds and natural organic matter (NOM) were deposited onto a soil mineral analogue (Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) ) using spin coating and were exposed to humidity. The thickness, density and structure of the films were studied using a depth-sensitive, nano-scale technique of neutron reflectometry. A single homogenous layer was observed when NOM and glucose (GL) were adsorbed onto Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) . However, when stearic acid (SA) was added to either NOM or GL, separate layers attributed to SA and either NOM or GL were detected. The formation of distinct, immiscible layers is due to insolubility of SA with NOM and GL. In contrast, GL and NOM are both water-soluble, and therefore soluble with each other, forming a homogenous layer on the mineral surface. Our results suggest that the extent of complex layering formed on the OC-mineral interface may depend on the relative solubility of the compounds. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geoderma AU - Mayes, Melanie AU - Jagadamma, Sindhu AU - Ambaye, Haile AU - Petridis, Loukas AU - Lauter, Valeria Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - January 2013 SP - 182 EP - 188 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 192 SN - 0016-7061, 0016-7061 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - neutron methods KW - density KW - geochemical cycle KW - organic compounds KW - aluminum oxides KW - carbon KW - neutron diffraction data KW - thickness KW - oxides KW - applications KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - mineral surface KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1282825237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoderma&rft.atitle=Neutron+reflectometry+reveals+the+internal+structure+of+organic+compounds+deposited+on+aluminum+oxide&rft.au=Mayes%2C+Melanie%3BJagadamma%2C+Sindhu%3BAmbaye%2C+Haile%3BPetridis%2C+Loukas%3BLauter%2C+Valeria&rft.aulast=Mayes&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=192&rft.issue=&rft.spage=182&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoderma&rft.issn=00167061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geoderma.2012.07.025 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167061 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-05 N1 - CODEN - GEDMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum oxides; applications; carbon; carbon cycle; density; experimental studies; geochemical cycle; mineral surface; neutron diffraction data; neutron methods; organic carbon; organic compounds; oxides; soils; thickness DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.07.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - H/D isotope effects in brucite at low temperatures AN - 1270038457; 2013-010944 AB - Joint refinement of powder neutron diffraction data of hydrogenated and deuterated brucite over the temperature range of 10-295 K clearly shows significant isotope effects in the structural parameters. Mg(OH) (sub 2) has a 0.31% larger volume than that of Mg(OD) (sub 2) at room temperature, which is mostly due to the c-axis expansion of Mg(OH) (sub 2) as compared to Mg(OD) (sub 2) . The isotope effect in the a-axis has the opposite, but smaller, behavior as compared to the c-axis. These differences are slightly enhanced with reduction of the cell volume upon cooling. The temperature dependence of the isotropic atomic displacement parameters (ADPs) with the single site model show that the ADP of the H atom is approximately larger than that of the D atom by the amount expected from the reduced-mass difference, but this difference is not evident with the split site model. Despite the shorter c-axis of the deuterated form, nearest-neighbor D...D distances are longer than the H...H distances, because the O-H distances are longer than the O-D distances, which necessarily places the H atoms closer together by 0.03 Aa or more within the interlayer space. This study showcases an example of when a joint Rietveld refinement is ideally suited, by combining data for the deuterated and hydrogenated forms of brucite. The approach reduces the number of least-squares variables, and reduces the systematic errors. It can be a general method to analyze isotope effects in materials studied by neutron diffraction. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Chakoumakos, Bryan C AU - Horita, Juske AU - Garlea, Vasile O Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - January 2013 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 98 IS - 1 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - isotope fractionation KW - cell dimensions KW - experimental studies KW - isotopes KW - Rietveld refinement KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - brucite KW - hydrogen KW - neutron diffraction data KW - low temperature KW - oxides KW - heating KW - isotope effect KW - deuterium KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1270038457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=H%2FD+isotope+effects+in+brucite+at+low+temperatures&rft.au=Chakoumakos%2C+Bryan+C%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BGarlea%2C+Vasile+O&rft.aulast=Chakoumakos&rft.aufirst=Bryan&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam.2013.4202 L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-01-17 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brucite; cell dimensions; deuterium; experimental studies; heating; hydrogen; isotope effect; isotope fractionation; isotopes; low temperature; neutron diffraction data; oxides; Rietveld refinement; stable isotopes; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2013.4202 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Doping-based stabilization of the M2 phase in free-standing VO₂ nanostructures at room temperature. AN - 1238104018; 23145774 AB - A new high-yield method of doping VO(2) nanostructures with aluminum is proposed, which renders possible stabilization of the monoclinic M2 phase in free-standing nanoplatelets in ambient conditions and opens an opportunity for realization of a purely electronic Mott transition field-effect transistor without an accompanying structural transition. The synthesized free-standing M2-phase nanostructures are shown to have very high crystallinity and an extremely sharp temperature-driven metal-insulator transition. A combination of X-ray microdiffraction, micro-Raman spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and four-probe electrical measurements allowed thorough characterization of the doped nanostructures. Light is shed onto some aspects of the nanostructure growth, and the temperature-doping level phase diagram is established. JF - Nano letters AU - Strelcov, Evgheni AU - Tselev, Alexander AU - Ivanov, Ilia AU - Budai, John D AU - Zhang, Jie AU - Tischler, Jonathan Z AU - Kravchenko, Ivan AU - Kalinin, Sergei V AU - Kolmakov, Andrei AD - The Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. strelcove@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/12/12/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 12 SP - 6198 EP - 6205 VL - 12 IS - 12 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1238104018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nano+letters&rft.atitle=Doping-based+stabilization+of+the+M2+phase+in+free-standing+VO%E2%82%82+nanostructures+at+room+temperature.&rft.au=Strelcov%2C+Evgheni%3BTselev%2C+Alexander%3BIvanov%2C+Ilia%3BBudai%2C+John+D%3BZhang%2C+Jie%3BTischler%2C+Jonathan+Z%3BKravchenko%2C+Ivan%3BKalinin%2C+Sergei+V%3BKolmakov%2C+Andrei&rft.aulast=Strelcov&rft.aufirst=Evgheni&rft.date=2012-12-12&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=6198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nano+letters&rft.issn=1530-6992&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fnl303065h LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-02-05 N1 - Date created - 2012-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl303065h ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Data Standardization for Carbon Cycle Modeling: Lessons Learned T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313116137; 6195019 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Wei, Yaxing AU - Liu, Shishi AU - Cook, Robert AU - Post, Wilfred AU - Huntzinger, Deborah AU - Schwalm, Christopher AU - Schaefer, Kevin AU - Jacobson, Andrew AU - Michalak, Anna Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Standardization KW - Carbon cycle KW - Energy flow KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313116137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Data+Standardization+for+Carbon+Cycle+Modeling%3A+Lessons+Learned&rft.au=Wei%2C+Yaxing%3BLiu%2C+Shishi%3BCook%2C+Robert%3BPost%2C+Wilfred%3BHuntzinger%2C+Deborah%3BSchwalm%2C+Christopher%3BSchaefer%2C+Kevin%3BJacobson%2C+Andrew%3BMichalak%2C+Anna&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=Yaxing&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Impacts of Permafrost Thaw on Land-Atmosphere Greenhouse Gas Exchange in Recent Decades over the Northern High Latitudes T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313116077; 6190747 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Hayes, Daniel AU - Kicklighter, David AU - McGuire, Anthony AU - Chen, Min AU - Zhuang, Qianlai AU - Melillo, Jerry AU - Wullschleger, Stan Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Latitude KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Permafrost KW - Climatic changes KW - Gas exchange UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313116077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=The+Impacts+of+Permafrost+Thaw+on+Land-Atmosphere+Greenhouse+Gas+Exchange+in+Recent+Decades+over+the+Northern+High+Latitudes&rft.au=Hayes%2C+Daniel%3BKicklighter%2C+David%3BMcGuire%2C+Anthony%3BChen%2C+Min%3BZhuang%2C+Qianlai%3BMelillo%2C+Jerry%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Neutron imaging of root water uptake, transport and hydraulic redistribution T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313108270; 6188584 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Warren, Jeff AU - Bilheux, Hassina AU - Kang, Misun AU - Voisin, Sophie AU - Cheng, Chu-Lin AU - Horita, Juske AU - Perfect, Edmund Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Hydraulics KW - Imaging techniques KW - Neutrons KW - Water uptake KW - Roots UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313108270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Neutron+imaging+of+root+water+uptake%2C+transport+and+hydraulic+redistribution&rft.au=Warren%2C+Jeff%3BBilheux%2C+Hassina%3BKang%2C+Misun%3BVoisin%2C+Sophie%3BCheng%2C+Chu-Lin%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BPerfect%2C+Edmund&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effects of Rock Type and Geologic Process on the Structure and Evolution of Nano, Meso and Micro-Scale Porosity: A (U)SANS, SEM/BSE Analysis T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313101461; 6190116 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Anovitz, Larry AU - Wang, Hsiu-Wen AU - Cole, David AU - Rother, Gernot Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Bovine spongiform encephalopathy KW - Geology KW - Porosity KW - Evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313101461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Rock+Type+and+Geologic+Process+on+the+Structure+and+Evolution+of+Nano%2C+Meso+and+Micro-Scale+Porosity%3A+A+%28U%29SANS%2C+SEM%2FBSE+Analysis&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+Larry%3BWang%2C+Hsiu-Wen%3BCole%2C+David%3BRother%2C+Gernot&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The role of phosphorus dynamics in tropical forests - a modeling study using CLM-CNP T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313093587; 6188385 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Yang, Xiaojuan AU - Post, Wilfred AU - Thornton, Peter AU - Ricciuto, Daniel Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Phosphorus KW - Tropical forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313093587?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=The+role+of+phosphorus+dynamics+in+tropical+forests+-+a+modeling+study+using+CLM-CNP&rft.au=Yang%2C+Xiaojuan%3BPost%2C+Wilfred%3BThornton%2C+Peter%3BRicciuto%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Xiaojuan&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Hydration of Rhyolitic Glasses: Comparison Between High- and Low-Temperature Processes T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313080967; 6184279 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Anovitz, Larry AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Cole, David AU - Carter, Tristan Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Hydration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313080967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Hydration+of+Rhyolitic+Glasses%3A+Comparison+Between+High-+and+Low-Temperature+Processes&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+Larry%3BFayek%2C+Mostafa%3BCole%2C+David%3BCarter%2C+Tristan&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Simulating CO2 and CH4 production and consumption from incubated permafrost soils: how important are the microbial mechanisms T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313080686; 6184127 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Xu, Xiaofeng AU - Elias, Dwayne AU - Graham, David AU - Phelps, Tommy AU - Thornton, Peter Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Soil KW - Methane KW - Permafrost KW - Carbon dioxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313080686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Simulating+CO2+and+CH4+production+and+consumption+from+incubated+permafrost+soils%3A+how+important+are+the+microbial+mechanisms&rft.au=Xu%2C+Xiaofeng%3BElias%2C+Dwayne%3BGraham%2C+David%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy%3BThornton%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Xiaofeng&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Distributed data discovery, access and visualization services to Improve Data Interoperability across different data holdings T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313076480; 6183079 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Palanisamy, Giri AU - Krassovski, Misha AU - Devarakonda, Ranjeet AU - Vannan, Suresh Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313076480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Distributed+data+discovery%2C+access+and+visualization+services+to+Improve+Data+Interoperability+across+different+data+holdings&rft.au=Palanisamy%2C+Giri%3BKrassovski%2C+Misha%3BDevarakonda%2C+Ranjeet%3BVannan%2C+Suresh&rft.aulast=Palanisamy&rft.aufirst=Giri&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Recent advances in high pressure neutron scattering at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313068333; 6181563 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Tulk, Chris AU - dos Santos, Antonio AU - Klug, Dennis AU - Guthrie, Malcolm AU - Machida, Shinichi AU - Molaison, Jamie Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Neutrons KW - Neutron scattering KW - Pressure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313068333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Recent+advances+in+high+pressure+neutron+scattering+at+the+Spallation+Neutron+Source+at+Oak+Ridge+National+Laboratory&rft.au=Tulk%2C+Chris%3Bdos+Santos%2C+Antonio%3BKlug%2C+Dennis%3BGuthrie%2C+Malcolm%3BMachida%2C+Shinichi%3BMolaison%2C+Jamie&rft.aulast=Tulk&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Site Characterization at a Tidal Energy Site in the East River, NY (USA) T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313060319; 6180292 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Gunawan, Budi AU - Neary, Vincent AU - Colby, Jonathan Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - USA KW - Canada, Nova Scotia, East R. KW - Siting criteria KW - Tidal energy KW - Rivers KW - Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313060319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Site+Characterization+at+a+Tidal+Energy+Site+in+the+East+River%2C+NY+%28USA%29&rft.au=Gunawan%2C+Budi%3BNeary%2C+Vincent%3BColby%2C+Jonathan&rft.aulast=Gunawan&rft.aufirst=Budi&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Improved Climate Prediction through a System Level Understanding of Arctic Terrestrial Ecosystems T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313059682; 6188894 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Wullschleger, Stan AU - Graham, David AU - Hinzman, Larry AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Liljedahl, Anna AU - Norby, Richard AU - Rogers, Alistair AU - Rowland, Joel AU - Thornton, Peter AU - Torn, Margaret AU - Riley, William AU - Wilson, Cathy Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Arctic KW - Polar environments KW - Terrestrial ecosystems KW - Climate prediction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313059682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Improved+Climate+Prediction+through+a+System+Level+Understanding+of+Arctic+Terrestrial+Ecosystems&rft.au=Wullschleger%2C+Stan%3BGraham%2C+David%3BHinzman%2C+Larry%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BLiljedahl%2C+Anna%3BNorby%2C+Richard%3BRogers%2C+Alistair%3BRowland%2C+Joel%3BThornton%2C+Peter%3BTorn%2C+Margaret%3BRiley%2C+William%3BWilson%2C+Cathy&rft.aulast=Wullschleger&rft.aufirst=Stan&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Science Data Enterprise: What Might the Future Look Like? T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313054526; 6182301 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Lenhardt, W Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313054526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=The+Science+Data+Enterprise%3A+What+Might+the+Future+Look+Like%3F&rft.au=Lenhardt%2C+W&rft.aulast=Lenhardt&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Model Synthesis of Data from Free-Air CO2 Enrichment Experiments T2 - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AN - 1313027884; 6194560 JF - 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting (AGU 2012) AU - Norby, Richard Y1 - 2012/12/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Dec 03 KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Data processing KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313027884?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.atitle=Model+Synthesis+of+Data+from+Free-Air+CO2+Enrichment+Experiments&rft.au=Norby%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting+%28AGU+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fallmeeting.agu.org/2012/scientific-program/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situtracking of the nanoscale expansion of porous carbon electrodes AN - 1701054003; 20516533 AB - Electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLC) are rapidly emerging as a promising energy storage technology offering extremely large power densities. Despite significant experimental progress, nanoscale operation mechanisms of the EDLCs remain poorly understood and it is difficult to separate processes at multiple time and length scales involved in operation including that of double layer charging and ionic mass transport. Here we explore the functionality of EDLC microporous carbon electrodes using a combination of classical electrochemical measurements and scanning probe microscopy based dilatometry, thus separating individual stages in charge/discharge processes based on strain generation. These methods allowed us to observe two distinct modes of EDLC charging, one fast charging of the double layer unassociated with strain, and another much slower mass transport related charging exhibiting significant sample volume changes. These studies open the pathway for the exploration of electrochemical systems with multiple processes involved in the charge and discharge, and investigation of the kinetics of those processes. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Arruda, Thomas M AU - Heon, Min AU - Presser, Volker AU - Hillesheim, Patrick C AU - Dai, Sheng AU - Gogotsi, Yury AU - Kalinin, Sergei V AU - Balke, Nina AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; Tennessee; 37831; USA Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - Dec 2012 SP - 225 EP - 231 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Discharge KW - Charging KW - Double layer KW - Carbon KW - Transport KW - Density KW - Electrodes KW - Strain UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701054003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=In+situtracking+of+the+nanoscale+expansion+of+porous+carbon+electrodes&rft.au=Arruda%2C+Thomas+M%3BHeon%2C+Min%3BPresser%2C+Volker%3BHillesheim%2C+Patrick+C%3BDai%2C+Sheng%3BGogotsi%2C+Yury%3BKalinin%2C+Sergei+V%3BBalke%2C+Nina&rft.aulast=Arruda&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2ee23707e LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2ee23707e ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular visualization of methane-carbon dioxide solid solution in gas hydrates by high resolution neutron powder diffraction AN - 1656035720; 2015-012574 AB - The exchange of CO2 for CH4 in natural gas hydrates could produce energy from untapped sources while at the same time sequestering CO2. In addition to the energy and environmental aspects the solid solution of (CH4)1-x(CO2) X 5.75H2O provides a framework inclusion structure that enables the scientific study of how two molecules that differ greatly in their bonding, shape, coordination and molecular weight can influence the structure and properties of the compound and interact with the framework that occludes the molecules. Samples synthesized by cooling liquid water pressurized with either pure CH4 or CO2 or mixtures of the two gases to temperatures where hydrate formation occurs have been studied using high-resolution neutron diffraction. Static images of the nuclear scattering density of the free moving gas molecules have been determined. Cage occupants and occupancies, the volume change of the unit cell and the individual cages based on composition have been determined. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Everett, M AU - Rawn, C AU - Huq, A AU - Chakoumakos, B C AU - Phelps, T J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract OS43D EP - 1854 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656035720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Molecular+visualization+of+methane-carbon+dioxide+solid+solution+in+gas+hydrates+by+high+resolution+neutron+powder+diffraction&rft.au=Everett%2C+M%3BRawn%2C+C%3BHuq%2C+A%3BChakoumakos%2C+B+C%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Everett&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Data standardization for carbon cycle modeling; lessons learned AN - 1648908459; 2015-008747 AB - Terrestrial biogeochemistry modeling is a crucial component of carbon cycle research and provides unique capabilities to understand terrestrial ecosystems. The Multi-scale Synthesis and Terrestrial Model Intercomparison Project (MsTMIP) aims to identify key differences in model formulation that drive observed differences in model predictions of biospheric carbon exchange. To do so, the MsTMIP framework provides standardized prescribed environmental driver data and a standard model protocol to facilitate comparisons of modeling results from nearly 30 teams. Model performance is then evaluated against a variety of carbon-cycle related observations (remote sensing, atmospheric, and flux tower-based observations) using quantitative performance measures and metrics in an integrated evaluation framework. As part of this effort, we have harmonized highly diverse and heterogeneous environmental driver data, model outputs, and observational benchmark data sets to facilitate use and analysis by the MsTMIP team. In this presentation, we will describe the lessons learned from this data-intensive carbon cycle research. The data harmonization activity itself can be made more efficient with the consideration of proper tools, version control, workflow management, and collaboration within the whole team. The adoption of on-demand and interoperable protocols (e.g. OPeNDAP and Open Geospatial Consortium) makes data visualization and distribution more flexible. Users can customize and download data in specific spatial extent, temporal period, and different resolutions. The effort to properly organize data in an open and standard format (e.g. Climate & Forecast compatible netCDF) allows the data to be analysed by a dispersed set of researchers more efficiently, and maximizes the longevity and utilization of the data. The lessons learned from this specific experience can benefit efforts by the broader community to leverage diverse data resources more efficiently in scientific research. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wei, Y AU - Liu, S AU - Cook, R B AU - Post, W M AU - Huntzinger, D N AU - Schwalm, C AU - Schaefer, K M AU - Jacobson, A R AU - Michalak, A M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract IN34A EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1648908459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Data+standardization+for+carbon+cycle+modeling%3B+lessons+learned&rft.au=Wei%2C+Y%3BLiu%2C+S%3BCook%2C+R+B%3BPost%2C+W+M%3BHuntzinger%2C+D+N%3BSchwalm%2C+C%3BSchaefer%2C+K+M%3BJacobson%2C+A+R%3BMichalak%2C+A+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent advances in high pressure neutron scattering at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory AN - 1641013380; 2015-002077 AB - There have been significant improvements in the operation of the high pressure diffractometer, SNAP, at the Spallation Neutron Source over the past two years. This talk will highlight the current capacities which include low temperature systems, high temperature systems, and the introduction of new pressure cell technology that is based on supported diamond anvils and, with advances in software, is particularly suited for powder diffraction. Specific examples of our recent research will focus on high pressure transitions in hydrogen bonded systems such as methane and CO2 hydrate. The high pressure hexagonal phase of methane hydrate is studied to determine the nature of the hydrate cage loading, this provides detailed experimental data that will lead to better intermolecular potentials for methane - methane interactions, particularly when methane molecules are in close contact and strongly repelling. The high pressure structural systematics of carbon dioxide hydrate is reported. While the structural transformation sequence of most hydrates progress from sI (or sII) to the hexagonal form then to a flied ice structure, CO2 hydrate is an example of a system that skips the hexagonal phase and transforms directly into the filled ice structure. Finally examples of using SNAP to study disorder in amorphous systems will be given. Particularly amorphous vapor co-deposits of water, known as amorphous solid water, and clathrate forming molecules such as CO2, and the structural response of these systems to increased pressure at low temperature. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tulk, C AU - dos Santos, A AU - Klug, D AU - Guthrie, M AU - Machida, S AU - Molaison, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract MR41A EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1641013380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Recent+advances+in+high+pressure+neutron+scattering+at+the+Spallation+Neutron+Source+at+Oak+Ridge+National+Laboratory&rft.au=Tulk%2C+C%3Bdos+Santos%2C+A%3BKlug%2C+D%3BGuthrie%2C+M%3BMachida%2C+S%3BMolaison%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tulk&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating climate predictability signals in response to forcing; Mount Pinatubo as a case study AN - 1641010404; 2015-000759 AB - Volcanic eruptions serve as a benchmark for assessing aspects of predictability because they provide a sudden global impulse to the Earth's climate system. In particular, the 1991 eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines is of interest since it was the largest aerosol perturbation to the stratosphere in the twentieth century and the most intensely observed eruption on record. Using instrumental measurements during the eruption, the predictive capabilities of climate models may be evaluated and the predictability of climate variables under forcing may be inferred. In this study, the evolution of the climate response to volcanic forcing is simulated in the Community Earth System Model, CESM1.0, using ensembles of forced and unforced global climate model runs. The predictability signals of all atmospheric climate model variables are systematically calculated using a unitless signal to noise ratio. The signals are compared to determine the most sensitive variables. Additionally, this work examines spatial predictability patterns, important for regional predictability, by mapping the signals globally and using empirical orthogonal functions. Phase plots are employed to highlight the response of variables to forcing, and comparisons with observations of the eruption are made to provide validation of the results. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gaddis, A L AU - Drake, J AU - Evans, K J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract GC43C EP - 1044 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1641010404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Evaluating+climate+predictability+signals+in+response+to+forcing%3B+Mount+Pinatubo+as+a+case+study&rft.au=Gaddis%2C+A+L%3BDrake%2C+J%3BEvans%2C+K+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gaddis&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An efficient sparse-grid-based bayesian method for uncertainty analysis in groundwater reactive transport modeling AN - 1637527700; 2014-100960 AB - Uncertainty is one of the greatest obstacles in groundwater reactive transport modeling, because of incomplete knowledge of the groundwater system, variability in system properties, measurement errors, and disparity among sampling, simulation, and actual scales of the system. Whereas Bayesian analysis is vital to quantify uncertainty in groundwater reactive transport modeling, its application has been hindered by high-dimensionality in parameter space and computational cost of the models that numerically solve groundwater flow, solute transport, and biogeochemical reactions. To alleviate the computational burden in the standard Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, we develop a sparse-grid-based surrogate system for the likelihood function with a relatively small number of model executions; the sparse-grid method has been demonstrated to be effective and efficient in approximating multi-dimensional complex systems. Two advanced numerical algorithms are used to further reduce the number of necessary model executions. The first is a local adaptive sparse-grid scheme used to take into account different levels of importance of model parameters; the other is to use high-order polynomial basis functions (e.g. quadratic and cubic basis) to improve the accuracy of the surrogate system. Once the surrogate system is constructed, the likelihood function can be estimated by evaluating the surrogate system without executing the computationally expensive reactive transport model. Several numerical examples show that, in the MCMC sampling framework, our method can attain the same result much more efficiently than standard MCMC algorithms. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zhang, G AU - Lu, D AU - Ye, M AU - Gunzburger, M AU - Webster, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H32F EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637527700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=An+efficient+sparse-grid-based+bayesian+method+for+uncertainty+analysis+in+groundwater+reactive+transport+modeling&rft.au=Zhang%2C+G%3BLu%2C+D%3BYe%2C+M%3BGunzburger%2C+M%3BWebster%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Progress towards coupled simulation of surface/subsurface hydrologic processes and terrestrial ecosystem dynamics using the community models PFLOTRAN and CLM AN - 1637526862; 2014-101020 AB - Accurately simulating regional water cycle dynamics is challenging because of strong soil moisture-rainfall feedbacks and large uncertainties associated with vegetation and energy interactions. Earth system models of today cannot accurately capture such interactions, because current-generation land surface models (LSMs) 1) do not explicitly represent the fine-scale spatial variability of topography, soils, and vegetation that play a significant role in determining the response of hydrologic states (soil moisture) and fluxes (interception, infiltration, runoff, evapotranspiration) and 2) over-simplify or completely omit some key physical processes, such as lateral flow of water and heat, surface-subsurface interactions, realistic groundwater-vadose zone interactions, and freeze-thaw dynamics. Capturing such processes is critically important for predicting regional precipitation, vegetation productivity, and the disposition of carbon stored in potentially vulnerable permafrost under scenarios of climate change. Towards this end, we have added coupled surface water-groundwater interactions to the the open-source, massively parallel flow and reactive transport model PFLOTRAN, and have been developing a framework for coupling PFLOTRAN with the Community Land Model (CLM). PFLOTRAN is an open-source (LGPL-licensed) code -- with a growing community of users -- developed for simulation of multiscale, multiphase, multicomponent subsurface flow and reactive transport problems on machines ranging from laptops to leadership-class supercomputers. It has been applied in studies of contaminant fate and transport, geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration, and geothermal energy production, among others, and has been run using up to 262,144 processor cores on Jaguar, the Cray XK6 supercomputer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. We have recently added a surface flow component in PFLOTRAN that is integrated with the subsurface. The underlying solver framework employed allows significant flexibility in how the governing equations are solved, and we will compare different surface flow formulations as well as coupling strategies between the surface and subsurface domains. Additionally, for studies of hydrology in Arctic regions, we have added a three-phase ice model. We will present some demonstrations of this capability and discuss solver strategies for handling the strong nonlinearities that arise. To provide a unified treatment of the unsaturated and saturated zones and to enable lateral redistribution of soil moisture (and eventually surface water, heat, and nutrients) in regional climate models, we have developed an approach for coupling PFLOTRAN with CLM. CLM is the global land model component used within the Community Earth System Model (CESM) to simulate an extensive set of biogeophysical and biogeochemical processes occurring at or near the terrestrial surface. We will describe our approach for replacing the existing CLM hydrology using PFLOTRAN and present some preliminary simulations undertaken with the CLM-PFLOTRAN coupled model. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mills, R T AU - Bisht, G AU - Karra, S AU - Hoffman, F M AU - Hammond, G E AU - Kumar, J AU - Painter, S AU - Thornton, P E AU - Lichtner, P C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H33H EP - 1426 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637526862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Progress+towards+coupled+simulation+of+surface%2Fsubsurface+hydrologic+processes+and+terrestrial+ecosystem+dynamics+using+the+community+models+PFLOTRAN+and+CLM&rft.au=Mills%2C+R+T%3BBisht%2C+G%3BKarra%2C+S%3BHoffman%2C+F+M%3BHammond%2C+G+E%3BKumar%2C+J%3BPainter%2C+S%3BThornton%2C+P+E%3BLichtner%2C+P+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of neutron imaging in pore structure of hydrated wellbore cement; comparison of hydration of H20 with D2O based Portland Cements AN - 1629942484; 2014-093247 AB - Wellbore Cement studies have been ongoing for decades. The studies vary from efforts to reduce permeability and resistance to corrosive environment to issues with gas migration also known as Sustained Casing Pressure (SCP). These practical issues often lead to health and safety problems as well as huge economic loss in oil and gas industry. Several techniques have been employed to reduce the impact of gas leakage. In this study we purely focus on expandable liners, which are introduced as part of oil well reconstruction and work-overs and as well abandonment procedures that help in prevention of SCP. Expandable liner is a tube that after application of a certain tool can increase its diameter. The increase in diameter creates extra force on hydrated cement that results in reducing width of interface fractures and cement-tube de-bonding. Moreover, this also causes cement to change its microstructure and other porous medium properties, primarily hydraulic conductivity. In order to examine changes before and after operations, cement pore structure must be well characterized and correlated to cement slurry design as well as chemical and physical environmental conditions. As modern oil well pipes and tubes contain iron, it is difficult to perform X-ray tomography of a bulk measurement of the cement in its wellbore conditions, which are tube wall-cement-tube wall. Neutron imaging is a complementary technique to x-ray imaging and is well suited for detection of light elements imbedded in metallic containers. Thus, Neutron Imaging (NI) is investigated as a tool for the detection of pore structure of hydrated wellbore cement. Recent measurements were conducted at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) neutron imaging facility. NI is is highly sensitive to light elements such as Hydrogen (H). Oil well cements that have undergone a full hydration contain on average 30%-40% of free water in its pore structure. The unreacted water is the main storage of the hydrogen atom. In such case, neutron tomography does not give information of the pore structure as neutrons will strongly scatter of H and the data have low count and low statistics or low neutron transmission. Hence, as the comparison and the possible tuning technique, neutron tomography measurements are performed on a Deuterium Oxide (D2O) or heavy water samples the same dimensions, cement composition, cement/liquid content and hydration time as the H2O samples. The advantage of using heavy water is that the total neutron cross-section for Deuterium is approximately four times smaller than Hydrogen's and, thus, permits better neutron transmission, i.e. better statistics. D2O does not alter cement properties or its chemical composition; therefore, the samples are almost identical. Comparison of the measurements using water and heavy water samples and the preparation of the measurement cement samples are discussed in this JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Dussenova, D AU - Bilheux, H AU - Radonjic, Mileva AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H11C EP - 1200 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629942484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Application+of+neutron+imaging+in+pore+structure+of+hydrated+wellbore+cement%3B+comparison+of+hydration+of+H20+with+D2O+based+Portland+Cements&rft.au=Dussenova%2C+D%3BBilheux%2C+H%3BRadonjic%2C+Mileva%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dussenova&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2012/FM/sections/H/sessions/H11C/abstracts/H11C-1200.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Whole hillslope irrigation reveals differential interflow behavior of dye tracers, conservative solutes and nutrients AN - 1629941080; 2014-098244 AB - Previous investigations of perching and interflow behavior in low angle hillslopes in the SC Coastal Plain have suggested a high threshold for interflow occurrence. Here we report a new irrigation experiment designed to quantify interflow thresholds and reveal subsurface mixing processes during steady state flow conditions over a 12 mX16.5 m plot draining to an interflow interception trench. Dye tracers were applied on surface transects prior to irrigation, and bromide (conservative tracer), nitrate, ammonium, and phosphorus (reactive tracers) were added at constant concentrations to the irrigation water drawn from a deep aquifer with a distinct isotopic signature. 417 mm of water were applied over 51 hours, and drainage conditions were monitored for a week following irrigation. Interflow in the two drains commenced after 131 and 178 mm, and flow rates diminished immediately after irrigation ceased, although interflow continued for four more days. Over the experiment, 199 mm of water (49% of applied water) appeared as interflow. Dye tracers moved rapidly with the wetting front, with peak concentrations measured shortly after flow commencement, suggesting saturated topsoil conductivities of 0.5 to 1.5 m/hr. No preferential flow was observed during this experiment or previously during rainfall events at the trench face. Bromide concentrations and the new water fraction rose steadily throughout irrigation, peaking about 16 hours after irrigation ceased. Ammonium and phosphorus concentrations at the trench face were low, suggesting rapid uptake or sorption, while nitrate concentrations were higher, suggesting more conservative transport. Our two collection drains showed identical temporal variation in bromide concentrations but consistently different new/old water fractions, indicating differences in flow paths and storages within the plot. These data suggest that tightly bound soil water exchanged with new water throughout the experiment, and that a significant portion of flowing old water must have originated from the argillic layer beneath the sandy loam topsoil. Inferences from the isotopic signature of the outflow water were consistent with the bromide data. Piezometric and outflow data all point to fill and spill effects on interflow generation in this low relief site. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jackson, C R AU - Du, E AU - Klaus, Julian AU - Griffiths, N A AU - McDonnell, Jeffrey J AU - Blake, J I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract H23B EP - 1348 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629941080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Whole+hillslope+irrigation+reveals+differential+interflow+behavior+of+dye+tracers%2C+conservative+solutes+and+nutrients&rft.au=Jackson%2C+C+R%3BDu%2C+E%3BKlaus%2C+Julian%3BGriffiths%2C+N+A%3BMcDonnell%2C+Jeffrey+J%3BBlake%2C+J+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2012/FM/sections/H/sessions/H23B/abstracts/H23B-1348.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydration of rhyolitic glasses; comparison between high- and low-temperature processes AN - 1629940295; 2014-096131 AB - While a great deal is known about the interaction between water and rhyolitic glasses and melts at temperatures above the glass transition, the nature of this interaction at lower temperatures is more obscure. Comparisons between high- and low-temperature diffusive studies suggest that several factors play an important role under lower-temperatures conditions that are not significant at higher temperatures. Surface concentrations, which equilibrate quickly at high temperature, change far more slowly as temperatures decrease, and may not equilibrate at room temperature for hundreds or thousands of years. Coupled with temperature-dependent diffusion coefficients this complicates calculation of diffusion profiles as a function of time. A key factor in this process appears to be the inability of "self-stress", caused by the in-diffusing species, to relax at lower temperatures, a result expected below the glass transition. Regions of the glass hydrated at low temperatures are strongly optically anisotropic, and preliminary calculations suggest that the magnitude of stress involved may be very high. On the microstuctural scale, extrapolations of high-temperature FTIR data to lower temperatures suggests there should be little or no hydroxyl present in glasses "hydrated" at low temperatures. Analyses of both block and powder samples suggest that this is generally true in the bulk of the hydrated glass, excluding hydroxyl groups that formed during the initial cooling of the melt. However, hydroxyl do groups appear to be present at the glass surface, where both SIMS and neutron reflectometry data suggest hydration levels may be higher than projected from the bulk of the glass. Isotopic exchange experiments also suggest that bonding is relatively weak, as hydration water exchanges readily with the environment. All of these observations lead to the conclusion that the observed stress is due to the presence of interstructural, rather than bonded, water. This likely explains the "onion-skin" texture observed in weathered obsidians, with large hydration stresses leading to spheroidal fracture. Long-term experiments derived from archaeological samples, however, suggest that there remain significant uncertainties. Analysis of younger samples (<2500 years) from the Chalco site in Mexico yield results consistent with laboratory experients where diffusion rates are proportional to t0.4235, and suggest small changes in the average paleo-hydration temperature. Older samples, however, from the complexly stratified site of Catalhoyuk, central Anatolia, Turkey, suggest near linear-with-time rates. This is consistent with other observations of relatively old samples. The two trends observed in the latter, however, do not necessarily correlate with sourcing data. The origin of these differences remains unexplained. Effort by LMA and DRC was supported by research sponsored by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Anovitz, L AU - Fayek, M AU - Cole, D R AU - Carter, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract V24B EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629940295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Hydration+of+rhyolitic+glasses%3B+comparison+between+high-+and+low-temperature+processes&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+L%3BFayek%2C+M%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BCarter%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging active layer and permafrost variability in the Arctic using electromagnetic induction data AN - 1623264747; 2014-090338 AB - Characterizing the spatial variability of active layer and permafrost properties is critical for gaining an understanding of Arctic ecosystem functioning and for parameterizing process-rich models that simulate feedbacks to a changing climate. Due to the sensitivity of electrical conductivity measurements to moisture content, salinity and freeze state in the active layer and permafrost and the ease of collecting electromagnetic induction (EMI) data with portable tools over large regions, EMI holds great potential for characterization of permafrost systems. However, inversion of such EMI data to estimate the subsurface electrical conductivity distribution is challenging. The challenges are due to the insufficient amount of information (even when using multiple configurations that vary coil spacing, orientation and elevation and signal frequency) needed to find a unique solution. The non-uniqueness problem is typically approached by invoking prior information, such as inversion constraints and initial models. Unfortunately, such prior information can significantly influence the obtained inversion result. We describe the development and implementation of a new grid search based method for estimating electrical conductivity from EMI data that evaluates the influence of priors and the information contained in such data. The new method can be applied to investigate two or three layer 1-D models reproducing the recorded data within a specified range of uncertainty at each measurement location over a large surveyed site. Importantly, the method can quickly evaluate multiple priors and data from numerous measurement locations, since the time-consuming simulation of the EMI signals from the multi-dimension search grid needs to be performed only once. We applied the developed approach to EMI data acquired in Barrow, AK at the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE Arctic) study site on the Barrow Environmental Observatory. Our specific focus was on a 475-meter linear transect that spanned a range of low- to high-centered polygons. Comparison with collocated point measurements (including deep core), electrical resistivity tomography data, and information from ground penetrating radar data demonstrates that the inverted EMI data permits reliable estimation of electrical conductivity variations in the active layer and permafrost. In particular, we find that electrical conductivity in the active layer correlate to variations in moisture content, whereas deeper imaging responds to the distribution of ice wedges, massive ice and regions of higher salinity. The developed approach represents a significant advance in parameter estimation methods to explore electrical conductivity models that reproduce EMI data and to evaluate the need for and influence of priors. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Dafflon, B AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Ulrich, C AU - Peterson, J E AU - Wu, Y AU - Chen, J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract C22B EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623264747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Imaging+active+layer+and+permafrost+variability+in+the+Arctic+using+electromagnetic+induction+data&rft.au=Dafflon%2C+B%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BPeterson%2C+J+E%3BWu%2C+Y%3BChen%2C+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dafflon&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scaling of hydrologic flows due to polygonal ground features in Arctic ecosystem AN - 1623264111; 2014-087786 AB - Arctic and sub-Arctic soils currently contain approximately 1700 billion metric tones of frozen organic carbon, approximately 200 times current annual anthropogenic. This carbon is vulnerable to release to the atmosphere as CO2 and CH4 as high-latitude temperatures warm. Polygonal ground, with a characteristic length scale of approximately 15 m, is a common landscape type that occurs over large parts of Arctic tundra. These ground structures, with high or low centers, dominate the local hydrologic environment, thereby impacting the energy balance, biogeochemical dynamics, vegetation communities, and carbon releases from the subsurface. A recent simulation study by Liljedahl et al. (2012) has shown the importance of low- and high-centered microtropgraphic features on Arctic basin water balance. In spite of their importance to local hydrologic processes, the impact of these microtopographic features at larger spatial scales is not well understood. In this study, we perform coupled surface-subsurface simulations for synthetic polygonal domains using PFLOTRAN, a parallel, multi-phase, multi-component reactive flow and transport model. Additionally, results from simulations at various model resolutions for the synthetic domains to investigate the effect of spatial scale on simulated infiltration and lateral flow quantities are presented. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bisht, G AU - Kumar, J AU - Liljedahl, A K AU - Riley, W J AU - Thornton, P E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B53E EP - 0712 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623264111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Scaling+of+hydrologic+flows+due+to+polygonal+ground+features+in+Arctic+ecosystem&rft.au=Bisht%2C+G%3BKumar%2C+J%3BLiljedahl%2C+A+K%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BThornton%2C+P+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bisht&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High resolution characterization of heterogeneous Arctic tundra subsurface properties using a multiscale Bayesian fusion approach with geophysical datasets AN - 1623260920; 2014-087789 AB - Recent findings suggest that climate change has a significant impact on the arctic landscape, which could in turn cause feedback to the climate system due to the large amount of carbon stored in permafrost. A new Department of Energy, Office of Science project-called the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE Arctic)-will develop a process-rich predictive model for understanding how permafrost thaw and degradation changes landscape, hydrology, biogeochemical processes and vegetation, and predicting how these changes affect the feedbacks to the climate system. The subsurface properties-such as active layer thickness (ALT), soil moisture, snow depth and geochemical parameters-are key parameters for such modeling; especially for simulation of the hydrological and geochemical processes that control microbial carbon decomposition. Although models require a large-scale domain to represent a system, these subsurface properties are known to be highly heterogeneous over small spatial scales due to the influence of factors such as microtopography and drainage network distribution. This work presents a data fusion method based on a hierarchical Bayesian model for integrating multiscale, multi-type datasets and prior knowledge to provide estimates of heterogeneous subsurface properties and their associated uncertainty. The surface geophysical data are non-invasive and spatially extensive, which increases the spatial coverage in subsurface and reveals the fine-scale variability. Remote sensing data can further increase the spatial coverage through the subsurface-surface property correlation. The model consists of two sub-models: data model and process model. First, the process model describes the heterogeneous field of each subsurface property mathematically; it can be a mechanistic model (e.g., land evolution model, hydrological model) or data-driven model. The data-driven process model - developed based on the prior knowledge and exploratory data analysis - is particularly powerful to constrain the estimation of heterogeneous fields in the arctic tundra system, where the mechanistic process models are highly complex. Second, the data model connects the heterogeneous field to multiscale datasets. Once we establish the data and process models, we estimate the heterogeneous fields using the Markov Chain Monte-Carlo method. We demonstrate our approach using co-located datasets collected at the Barrow Environmental Observatory, Alaska, including thaw depth, soil temperature, snow depth, aqueous geochemistry, ground penetrating radar data, electrical resistivity tomography, and airborne LIDAR. We obtain high-resolution estimates of ALT, soil water content, snow depth and other subsurface properties over a several hundred meter-scale domain, which allows us to closely examine the controls of, for example, microtopography on snow accumulation and resulting thaw depth and thermal profiles. We discuss the value and utility of the method and each dataset for parameterizing NGEE Arctic process-resolving reactive transport simulators and understanding linkages between land surface and subsurface variability. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wainwright, H AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Gangodagamage, C AU - Rowland, J C AU - Liljedahl, A K AU - Gusmeroli, A AU - Dafflon, B AU - Ulrich, C AU - Wu, Y AU - Tweedie, C E AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B53E EP - 0715 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623260920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=High+resolution+characterization+of+heterogeneous+Arctic+tundra+subsurface+properties+using+a+multiscale+Bayesian+fusion+approach+with+geophysical+datasets&rft.au=Wainwright%2C+H%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BGangodagamage%2C+C%3BRowland%2C+J+C%3BLiljedahl%2C+A+K%3BGusmeroli%2C+A%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BWu%2C+Y%3BTweedie%2C+C+E%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wainwright&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Horizontal and vertical profiling of microbial communities across landscape features at NGEE site, Barrow, AK AN - 1623260485; 2014-087849 AB - Low- and high-centered polygons in permafrost-dominated ecosystems have distinct geochemical and hydrological characteristics that are expected to alter microbial processes that govern carbon cycle dynamics in Arctic landscapes. Key questions that must be answered if we are to represent these dynamics and their underlying controls into Earth System Models include: 1) Through which pathways is carbon processed in different areas of these polygons? 2) What regulates the release of C as CO2, or methane, and 3) Which microorganisms are responsible? As part of the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE Arctic) project, we collected samples across a transect of polygon features near Barrow, Alaska. The transect included samples from centers, edges and troughs of high-centered and low-centered polygons, including organic and deeper mineral soil layers. In addition, we took a 1.6 m deep core from our field site and sectioned it vertically to determine the microbial composition at different depths from active layer through upper layers of permafrost. Prior to sectioning, the core was CT-scanned to determine the physical heterogeneity throughout the core. Total DNA was extracted from sub-samples and the microbial community composition in the samples was determined by sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. The resulting microbial profiles were related to corresponding environmental variables. We found that microbial community composition varied according to location across the polygons. Differences in elevation and moisture content were identified as the primary drivers of the observed changes in microbial composition. Methanogenic archaea were more abundant in the centers of low-centered and wetter polygons than high-centered polygons. These data suggest a potential for increased methane production towards the centers of polygons. By contrast, polygon edges had a greater relative abundance of typically aerobic soil microbes that suggests C loss as CO2 would predominate in these environments. A majority of the sequences found could not be reliably classified. Therefore, a current goal is to isolate novel representative organisms from these communities. In addition, we are sequencing the total metagenomic DNA to obtain information about the functional gene composition across the polygon transects. This information will be valuable for prediction of microbial responses to changes in environmental conditions including temperature, moisture, and resource stoichiometry. The long-term goal is to use this information to parameterize or constrain trait-based models of soil biogeochemistry to improve predictions of C flux in thawing permafrost. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jansson, J K AU - Tas, N AU - Brodie, E L AU - Graham, D E AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Torn, M S AU - Wu, Y AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract C31C EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623260485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Horizontal+and+vertical+profiling+of+microbial+communities+across+landscape+features+at+NGEE+site%2C+Barrow%2C+AK&rft.au=Jansson%2C+J+K%3BTas%2C+N%3BBrodie%2C+E+L%3BGraham%2C+D+E%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BWu%2C+Y%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jansson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linking vegetation composition to geomorphic units in a polygonal tundra landscape; a framework for improving estimates of plant functional type coverage in ecosystem models AN - 1623259899; 2014-087790 AB - Fractional coverage of plant functional types within a grid-cell is a key parameter in broad-scale carbon and nutrient cycle models, but the heterogeneity of Arctic landscapes, where plant communities dominated by differing plant functional types vary at scales of tens of meters, makes this challenging to estimate. Here, we quantify plant community composition in relation to geomorphic units (centers, ridges and troughs) associated with a gradient from low-center to high-center polygons in the coastal tundra at Barrow, Alaska. We surveyed plant communities in 1 X 1 m plots across four polygon types, and also undertook destructive harvests to characterize leaf area index, above and below-ground biomass and plant carbon and nitrogen stocks. We hypothesized that the functional type composition of plant communities is readily predictable from elevation throughout the gradient, with higher productivity, sedge-dominated communities at wet, low elevation positions and low-productivity lichen-dominated communities at drier, higher elevation positions. Our results support this hypothesis with respect to center and trough communities, but suggest that further classification of polygon type is required to accurately predict ridge community composition. Overall, improving understanding of the links between plant community composition and recognizable geomorphic units in these complex tundra landscapes provides a framework from which to upscale ecosystem functional measurements, and also to predict the effects of a changing climate. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Sloan, V L AU - Iversen, C AU - Childs, J AU - Euskirchen, E S AU - McGuire, A D AU - Norby, R J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B53E EP - 0716 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623259899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Linking+vegetation+composition+to+geomorphic+units+in+a+polygonal+tundra+landscape%3B+a+framework+for+improving+estimates+of+plant+functional+type+coverage+in+ecosystem+models&rft.au=Sloan%2C+V+L%3BIversen%2C+C%3BChilds%2C+J%3BEuskirchen%2C+E+S%3BMcGuire%2C+A+D%3BNorby%2C+R+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sloan&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Permafrost degradation and organic layer thickening over a climate gradient in a discontinuous permafrost region AN - 1623258915; 2014-087718 AB - How permafrost will respond to climate change remains a challenging question, in part due to the complex spatial distribution of permafrost in discontinuous regions. In this study, over 3,200 observations of permafrost occurrence within the top 1 m of soil and their organic layer thicknesses in Interior Alaska were investigated for their relationships with climate variables and topographical and soil texture gradients. Permafrost and organic layer thickness are tightly coupled in a nonlinear pattern. Permafrost occurrence increases sharply as the organic layer thickens from 0 to 37 cm, but then decreases slowly after 37 cm, indicating a change from drained to saturated conditions (see figure). As growing season length increased, the probability of permafrost occurrence decreased for all landform types. In contrast, organic layer thickness tended to increase in flat and low sloped areas as growing season length increased, but upland areas had no change or slightly decreasing organic layer thickness. Further, organic layer thickness in sandy soil types showed less sensitivity to growing season length than other soil types. Predicted quantities of permafrost occurrence and organic layer thickness are much less certain than their direction. Nonetheless, if it is assumed that the observations represent all of Interior Alaska, extrapolating the results shows that when growing season length increases by 5 days, the percent area with permafrost within Interior Alaska decreases from 39% to 23%. Under the same conditions, mean organic layer depth increases by 3.5 cm and the percent area with saturated soils (i.e. >37 cm organic layer thickness) increases from 12% to 15%. Our results indicate obvious consequences for the carbon cycle in this region under warming conditions where increased carbon storage in the organic layer may offset an unknown carbon loss in the mineral soil as permafrost thaws. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Johnson, Kristofer D AU - Harden, J W AU - McGuire, A D AU - Yuan, F AU - Clark, Mark AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B21D EP - 0406 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623258915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Permafrost+degradation+and+organic+layer+thickening+over+a+climate+gradient+in+a+discontinuous+permafrost+region&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Kristofer+D%3BHarden%2C+J+W%3BMcGuire%2C+A+D%3BYuan%2C+F%3BClark%2C+Mark%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Kristofer&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impacts of permafrost thaw on land-atmosphere greenhouse gas exchange in recent decades over the northern high latitudes AN - 1623258539; 2014-087667 AB - Coupled climate-carbon models project that the northern high latitudes will serve as a substantial land carbon sink during the 21st century because both climate warming and elevated global [CO2] favor increased productivity and carbon uptake in the region. However, these models lack many of the key processes governing high-latitude ecosystem processes, and none have accounted for soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition associated with permafrost thaw. In contrast, results based on incorporating all of the major factors controlling the high-latitude C budget in process model simulations suggest that the land-based sink of arctic and boreal ecosystems is currently weakening in part due to temperature-driven increases in SOM decomposition. We hypothesize that climate-driven warming will lead to increasing active layer thickness (ALT) and the thawing of previously frozen SOM, thus accelerating C and N cycling throughout the system. Competing mechanisms analyzed here include the positive feedback to warming through the decomposition and release of previously frozen SOM as CO2 and CH4, and the negative feedback associated with the uptake of atmospheric CO2 through net primary production (NPP) stimulated by increased vegetation N uptake. To parse out these mechanisms, we compared results from experimental simulations using the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM), which include explicit simulations of climate-driven ALT dynamics, with a 'control' simulation where ALT was held constant through the transient period. Across the Pan-Arctic domain over the 1990 to 2006 time period, model results show a wide-spread increase in the depth to permafrost, with a stronger trend over the discontinuous permafrost zone (3.9 mm/yr) than that over the continuous zone (2.5 mm/yr). Simulated ALT shows good agreement with observational data from the Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM) network in terms of annual means, the range of spatial variability, and temporal patterns. Analysis of the simulation experiments provides an estimate of 280 TgC/yr thawed from previously frozen SOM. Despite the greater rate of thaw over the discontinuous permafrost zone, the majority (60%) of the thawed SOM (170 TgC/yr) was found in the continuous zone, reflecting the larger area and higher density of SOM of this zone. Of this thawed SOM, the TEM estimates that 615 MtCO2eq/yr was released to the atmosphere, with 71% (436 MtCO2eq/yr) from the continuous zone and 8.6% (52.9 MtCO2eq/yr) of the total forcing as CH4. While the impact of ALT dynamics on SOM decomposition resulted in a consistently strong increase in CO2 and CH4 emissions, the magnitude and even sign of the impact on NPP was more variable across sub-region and year. Compared to the control, TEM estimates an increase of 80 MtCO2eq/yr in NPP, which represents a 13% negative feedback relative to CO2 and CH4 emissions. With all components combined, our simulation experiment estimates a net greenhouse gas forcing of 535 MtCO2eq/yr directly tied to ALT dynamics modeled over the Pan-Arctic domain between 1990 and 2006. This represents a significant factor in the overall land-based greenhouse gas source of 640 MtCO2eq/yr, and an additional 6.8% contribution on top of the combined 7792 MtCO2eq/yr fossil fuel emissions from the eight Arctic nations over this time period. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hayes, D J AU - Kicklighter, D W AU - McGuire, A D AU - Chen, M AU - Zhuang, Q AU - Melillo, J M AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B14D EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623258539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+impacts+of+permafrost+thaw+on+land-atmosphere+greenhouse+gas+exchange+in+recent+decades+over+the+northern+high+latitudes&rft.au=Hayes%2C+D+J%3BKicklighter%2C+D+W%3BMcGuire%2C+A+D%3BChen%2C+M%3BZhuang%2C+Q%3BMelillo%2C+J+M%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Active layer and permafrost thermal regimes in ice wedge polygon dominated regions of Alaska AN - 1623258138; 2014-087787 AB - Large areas of Alaskan Arctic tundra are covered by the patterned ground features created by repeated freezing and thawing of soil underlain by aerially continuous permafrost. Polygonal ground structures play an important role in controlling the surface-subsurface hydrology and thermal regimes of this dynamic landscape. Micro-topographic variations in these polygonal feature-dominated areas drive the surface-subsurface hydrologic flows which, in turn, have a strong influence on the subsurface thermal hydrology. Advective heat transport by surface flows and lateral movement of groundwater in the subsurface leads to complex heterogeneous subsurface thermal regimes. Differential heat transport mediated by lateral flows in the subsurface often leads to connectivity among the otherwise isolated polygons, thus changing the local scale hydrology in these systems. We investigate the soil thermal regimes and their control on local scale hydrology in areas of patterned ground using conceptual models and for sites near Barrow, Alaska, through simulations at sub-meter scale resolution for low-centered, high-centered and transition polygons. We also study the thermal and hydrologic characteristics of low- and high-centered polygons and develop schemes for representation, parameterization and scaling in the control of these localized processes for the larger landscape. We achieve this through characterization of the patterned ground using high resolution LiDAR and high fidelity simulations at various scales and resolutions combined with the coupled multiscale-multiphase-multicomponent surface-subsurface reactive flow and transport model PFLOTRAN. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kumar, J AU - Bisht, G AU - Karra, S AU - Liljedahl, A K AU - Hoffman, F M AU - Mills, R T AU - Painter, S AU - Thornton, P E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B53E EP - 0713 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623258138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Active+layer+and+permafrost+thermal+regimes+in+ice+wedge+polygon+dominated+regions+of+Alaska&rft.au=Kumar%2C+J%3BBisht%2C+G%3BKarra%2C+S%3BLiljedahl%2C+A+K%3BHoffman%2C+F+M%3BMills%2C+R+T%3BPainter%2C+S%3BThornton%2C+P+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying active methane-oxidizers in thawed Arctic permafrost by proteomics AN - 1618134525; 2014-083762 AB - The rate of CH4 release from thawing permafrost in the Arctic has been regarded as one of the determining factors on future global climate. It is uncertain how indigenous microorganisms would interact with such changing environmental conditions and hence their impact on the fate of carbon compounds that are sequestered in the cryosol. Multitudinous studies of pristine surface cryosol (top 5 cm) and microcosm experiments have provided growing evidence of effective methanotrophy. Cryosol samples corresponding to active layer were sampled from a sparsely vegetated, ice-wedge polygon at the McGill Arctic Research Station at Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut, Canada (N79 degrees 24, W90 degrees 45) before the onset of annual thaw. Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene indicated the occurrence of methanotroph-containing bacterial families as minor components ( approximately 5%) in pristine cryosol including Bradyrhizobiaceae, Methylobacteriaceae and Methylocystaceae within alpha-Proteobacteria, and Methylacidiphilaceae within Verrucomicrobia. The potential of methanotrophy is supported by preliminary analysis of metagenome data, which indicated putative methane monooxygenase gene sequences relating to Bradyrhizobium sp. and Pseudonocardia sp. are present. Proteome profiling in general yielded minute traces of proteins, which likely hints at dormant nature of the soil microbial consortia. The lack of specific protein database for permafrost posted additional challenge to protein identification. Only 35 proteins could be identified in the pristine cryosol and of which 60% belonged to Shewanella sp. Most of the identified proteins are known to be involved in energy metabolism or post-translational modification of proteins. Microcosms amended with sodium acetate exhibited a net methane consumption of approximately 65 ngC-CH4 per gram (fresh weight) of soil over 16 days of aerobic incubation at room temperature. The pH in microcosm materials remained acidic (decreased from initial 4.7 to 4.5). Protein extraction and characterization identified approximately 350 proteins, confirmed enhanced microbial activities and significant shift in community structure within the microcosms. Although the activity of Shewanella sp. was suppressed by the incubation conditions, other bacteria were activated. This was shown by at least 3-fold increase in the number of identified proteins, which were primarily players in cellular energy metabolism. Among them, Geobacter sp. and methane-oxidizers, Bradyrhizobium sp., Methylosinus sp. and Methylocystis sp. appear dominant. In order to advance the protein database for better biodiversity and functional identification, we are currently using duo extraction protocols and consolidating metagenome data obtained from the same soil samples. A depth profile (from active to permafrost layer) for methanotrophs is being determined by examining pristine cores, thawed cryosols as well as enrichment cultures. The proteome information from these samples will be presented, which will be complemented by molecular studies. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lau, C M AU - Stackhouse, B T AU - Chourey, K AU - Hettich, R L AU - Vishnivetskaya, T A AU - Pfiffner, S M AU - Layton, A C AU - Mykytczuk, Nadia C AU - Whyte, Lyle AU - Onstott, Tullis C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract C13B EP - 0611 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618134525?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Identifying+active+methane-oxidizers+in+thawed+Arctic+permafrost+by+proteomics&rft.au=Lau%2C+C+M%3BStackhouse%2C+B+T%3BChourey%2C+K%3BHettich%2C+R+L%3BVishnivetskaya%2C+T+A%3BPfiffner%2C+S+M%3BLayton%2C+A+C%3BMykytczuk%2C+Nadia+C%3BWhyte%2C+Lyle%3BOnstott%2C+Tullis+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lau&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative metagenomic analysis of microbial communities from active layer and permafrost after short-term thaw AN - 1618134389; 2014-083769 AB - Permafrost areas occupy 20-25% of the Earth and extend of 1 km depths. The total number of prokaryotes and their biomass in cold regions are estimated to be 1X10 (super 30) cells and 140X10 (super 15) g of C, respectively. Thus these environments serve as a reservoir of microbial and biogeochemical activity, which is likely to increase upon thawing. We are currently performing long-term thawing experiments at 4 degrees C on 18, geochemically well-characterized, 1 meter long, intact cores consisting of active-layer (0-70 cm depth) and permafrost, collected from a 7 meter diameter ice-wedge polygon located at the McGill Arctic Research Station on Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut, Canada. The organic carbon content of these cores averages approximately 1% at depth but increases to 5.4% in the top 10 cm. The cores were subdivided into four treatment groups: saturated cores (thawed while receiving artificial rain), drained cores (being thawed under natural hydrological conditions), dark cores (thawed under natural hydrological conditions with no light input) and control cores (maintain permafrost table at 70 cm depth). Over the course of 10 weeks the cores were progressively thawed from -4 degrees C to 4 degrees C from the top down to simulate spring thaw conditions in the Arctic. The temperatures at 5 cm, 35 cm, 65 cm, and below the permafrost table in the core were recorded continuously. Pore water and gas samples from 4 depths in each core were collected every two weeks and analyzed for pH, anions, cations, H (sub 2) , CH (sub 4) , CO, O (sub 2) , N (sub 2) , CO (sub 2) and delta (super 13) C of CO (sub 2) . Headspace gas samples were collected weekly and analyzed for the same gases as the pore gases. Sediment sub-samples from the 4 depths were collected and total community genomic DNA (gDNA) was isolated using FastDNA SPIN kit followed by Qiagen column purification. The average yield of gDNA was approximately 3.5 mu g/g of soil for the upper 5 cm active layers and decreased to approximately 1.5 mu g/g of soil in the permafrost. The bacterial 16S copy numbers estimated by real-time quantitative PCR decreased with depth from 7X10 (super 8) to 1X10 (super 8) copies/g of soil. Characterization of the metagenomic sequences derived from the samples before thawing elucidated differences between the permafrost and active-layer with Acidobacteria and Alpha-Proteobacteria are being significantly higher in active layer than in permafrost, on the contrary permafrost had higher abundance of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes than active layer. Currently additional metagenomic DNA illumina libraries for 20 samples after 1 week thawing are in preparation and will be analyzed to determine whether variations in the metagenomic sequences are correlated to the geochemical data. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Vishnivetskaya, T A AU - Chauhan, A AU - Saarunya, G AU - Murphy, J AU - Williams, D AU - Layton, A C AU - Pfiffner, S M AU - Stackhouse, B T AU - Sanders, R AU - Lau, C M AU - Myneni, S AU - Phelps, T J AU - Fountain, A G AU - Onstott, Tullis C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract C13B EP - 0620 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618134389?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Comparative+metagenomic+analysis+of+microbial+communities+from+active+layer+and+permafrost+after+short-term+thaw&rft.au=Vishnivetskaya%2C+T+A%3BChauhan%2C+A%3BSaarunya%2C+G%3BMurphy%2C+J%3BWilliams%2C+D%3BLayton%2C+A+C%3BPfiffner%2C+S+M%3BStackhouse%2C+B+T%3BSanders%2C+R%3BLau%2C+C+M%3BMyneni%2C+S%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BFountain%2C+A+G%3BOnstott%2C+Tullis+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vishnivetskaya&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) production and consumption from incubated permafrost soils; how important are the microbial mechanisms AN - 1618134279; 2014-083632 AB - An incubation experiment was conducted to examine the production and consumption of the greenhouse gases CO2 and CH4 in soils of the top layer, active layer, and permafrost layer under various moisture and temperature conditions using soil cores extracted from the Alaskan permafrost region. The incubation results confirmed the production of hydrogen gas and acetic acid resulting in a decreased soil pH. Three key mechanisms for production and consumption of CH4 are suspected; CH4 production from acetic acid and H2 and CO2, and aerobic CH4 oxidation. We translated these mechanisms into a subroutine program which was then combined with decomposition subroutines in the community land model (CLM4) to evaluate the performance of these mechanisms in simulating CO2 and CH4 production and consumption from the incubated permafrost soils. Two guilds of microorganisms for methanogenesis and one group for methanotrophy were simulated. The simulation results confirmed that microbial mechanisms are critically important in reconstructing the observed changes in temporal CO2 and CH4 concentrations. There are large variations in CO2 and CH4 production and consumption among the different soil layers. Acetic acid production caused the observed drop in soil pH, which in turn exerted a substantial effect on CO2 and CH4 dynamics. The moisture and temperature had significant effects on microbial mechanisms and further on CO2 and CH4 production and consumption. Further efforts will be incorporating microbial dynamics and these mechanisms into the Community Earth System Model for a global scale investigation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Xu, X AU - Elias, D A AU - Graham, D E AU - Phelps, T J AU - Thornton, P E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B31G EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618134279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Simulating+CO+%28sub+2%29+and+CH+%28sub+4%29+production+and+consumption+from+incubated+permafrost+soils%3B+how+important+are+the+microbial+mechanisms&rft.au=Xu%2C+X%3BElias%2C+D+A%3BGraham%2C+D+E%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BThornton%2C+P+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and modeling of microbial carbon metabolism in thawing permafrost AN - 1618134261; 2014-083771 AB - Increased annual temperatures in the Arctic are warming the surface and subsurface, resulting in thawing permafrost. Thawing exposes large pools of buried organic carbon to microbial degradation, increasing greenhouse gas generation and emission. Most global-scale land-surface models lack depth-dependent representations of carbon conversion and GHG transport; therefore they do not adequately describe permafrost thawing or microbial mineralization processes. The current work was performed to determine how permafrost thawing at moderately elevated temperatures and anoxic conditions would affect CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) generation, while parameterizing depth-dependent GHG production processes with respect to temperature and pH in biogeochemical models. These enhancements will improve the accuracy of GHG emission predictions and identify key biochemical and geochemical processes for further refinement. Three core samples were obtained from discontinuous permafrost terrain in Fairbanks, AK with a mean annual temperature of -3.3 degrees C. Each core was sectioned into surface/near surface (0-0.8 m), active layer (0.8-1.6 m), and permafrost (1.6-2.2 m) horizons, which were homogenized for physico-chemical characterization and microcosm construction. Surface samples had low pH values (6.0), low water content (18% by weight), low organic carbon (0.8%), and high C:N ratio (43). Active layer samples had higher pH values (6.4), higher water content (34%), more organic carbon (1.4%) and a lower C:N ratio (24). Permafrost samples had the highest pH (6.5), highest water content (46%), high organic carbon (2.5%) and the lowest C:N ratio (19). Most organic carbon was quantified as labile or intermediate pool versus stable pool in each sample, and all samples had low amounts of carbonate. Surface layer microcosms, containing 20 g sediment in septum-sealed vials, were incubated under oxic conditions, while similar active and permafrost layer samples were anoxic. These microcosms were incubated at -2, +3, or +5 degrees C for 6 months. The pH decreased in all samples (5.5 to 5.9). The proportions of carbon in labile and intermediate turnover pools from permafrost samples decreased during incubation, while microbial biomass carbon increased in all cases. Microcosm samples and original core material were analyzed by 16S rDNA pyrosequencing and showed increased populations of bacteria that ferment simple and complex carbohydrates, as well as acidophilic bacteria. Microbial diversity declined in permafrost samples. Concentrations of CO (sub 2) and CH4 were measured monthly by gas chromatography. CO (sub 2) production was highest in the surface/near surface incubations (4-14%) while CH (sub 4) was undetectable. Active layer sediments produced considerably less CO (sub 2) (0.2-0.7%) but CH (sub 4) was detected up to 0.25%. Concentrations of CO (sub 2) found in the deep permafrost incubations were comparable to those in the active layer, while CH (sub 4) was considerably higher ranging from 0.2-0.6%. Overall, the CO (sub 2) generation rate (0.02-0.12 mu mol/g/month) was roughly 50 times that of methanogenesis (0.002-0.007 mu mol/g/month). GHG levels peaked after 4 months, and the decreasing pH suggested that organic acid accumulation could control GHG biogenesis. Surprisingly, increasing temperature and water content did not necessarily increase GHG emission rates or proportions of CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) . JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Graham, D E AU - Phelps, T J AU - Xu, X AU - Carroll, S AU - Jagadamma, S AU - Shakya, M AU - Thornton, P E AU - Elias, D A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract C13B EP - 0623 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618134261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+modeling+of+microbial+carbon+metabolism+in+thawing+permafrost&rft.au=Graham%2C+D+E%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BXu%2C+X%3BCarroll%2C+S%3BJagadamma%2C+S%3BShakya%2C+M%3BThornton%2C+P+E%3BElias%2C+D+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring freeze thaw transitions in Arctic soils using complex resistivity method AN - 1618134257; 2014-083786 AB - The Arctic region, which is a sensitive system that has emerged as a focal point for climate change studies, is characterized by a large amount of stored carbon and a rapidly changing landscape. Seasonal freeze-thaw transitions in the Arctic alter subsurface biogeochemical processes that control greenhouse gas fluxes from the subsurface. Our ability to monitor freeze thaw cycles and associated biogeochemical transformations is critical to the development of process rich ecosystem models, which are in turn important for gaining a predictive understanding of Arctic terrestrial system evolution and feedbacks with climate. In this study, we conducted both laboratory and field investigations to explore the use of the complex resistivity method to monitor freeze thaw transitions of arctic soil in Barrow, AK. In the lab studies, freeze thaw transitions were induced on soil samples having different average carbon content through exposing the arctic soil to temperature controlled environments at +4 degrees C and -20 degrees C. Complex resistivity and temperature measurements were collected using electrical and temperature sensors installed along the soil columns. During the laboratory experiments, resistivity gradually changed over two orders of magnitude as the temperature was increased or decreased between -20 degrees C and 0 degrees C. Electrical phase responses at 1 Hz showed a dramatic and immediate response to the onset of freeze and thaw. Unlike the resistivity response, the phase response was found to be exclusively related to unfrozen water in the soil matrix, suggesting that this geophysical attribute can be used as a proxy for the monitoring of the onset and progression of the freeze-thaw transitions. Spectral electrical responses contained additional information about the controls of soil grain size distribution on the freeze thaw dynamics. Based on the demonstrated sensitivity of complex resistivity signals to the freeze thaw transitions, field complex resistivity data were collected over time at the DOE Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment study site in Barrow, AK. This presentation will discuss the use of the laboratory and field experiments to gain a better understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of freeze-thaw processes that critically control subsurface biogeochemical functioning in Artic systems. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wu, Y AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Ulrich, C AU - Dafflon, B AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract C13C EP - 0640 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618134257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Monitoring+freeze+thaw+transitions+in+Arctic+soils+using+complex+resistivity+method&rft.au=Wu%2C+Y%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial mediators of carbon fate in thawing permafrost; connecting microbial activity to geochemistry across an in situ thaw gradient AN - 1618134096; 2014-083770 AB - Permafrost holds approximately one third of global soil carbon in a relatively unavailable form. Climate change is predicted to virtually eliminate permafrost by the end of the century. The fate of the stored carbon will be driven by local geohydrology and mediated by microbial carbon transformations. Predicting thaw-induced feedbacks to climate change requires improving our understanding of concomitant changes in microbial activity, particularly in CO (sub 2) fixation, organic matter degradation, and CH (sub 4) cycling. Our team is using diverse geochemical and molecular measurements to track changes in carbon cycling and microbial communities across a natural permafrost thaw gradient. The gradient habitats are highly instrumented for ecological, hydrologic, and biogeochemical monitoring, and the thaw progression has been documented over decades. Permafrost thaw has caused slumping ground level and progressive changes in hydrology and plant composition, culminating in sedge-dominated fen wetland. Although this endpoint habitat supports higher plant productivity, there is a net increase in radiative forcing due to high methane emissions. This natural laboratory permits the examination of in situ changes in microbial composition and activity across thaw-induced habitat change. Specifically, taxonomic and metabolic profiling (16S rRNA gene amplicon, metagenomic and metaproteomic sequencing) is linking microbial metabolisms to synoptic geochemistry. Community data have revealed the presence of a novel highly active methanogen from the euryarchaeal lineage Rice Cluster-II. The abundance and distribution of RC-II across the thaw gradient habitats correlate to methane emission. The 2.1Mb RC-II genome (in 117 contigs, median 47 kb, longest 135 kb) was assembled from metagenomic data. The genome suggests the ability to perform hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. To link resident microbes to active carbon cycling, we determined in situ community global protein expression profiles (i.e. metaproteomes). High resolution mass spectral data acquired on an automated LTQ-Orbitrap using a 2D LC-MS/MS approach revealed abundant proteins involved in hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, and strong representation of RC-II. As we generate a portrait of how thawing permafrost alters microbial community activity, particularly carbon cycling, we are working with ecosystem process modelers to integrate this new understanding into prognostic models of climate change feedbacks. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kim, Eun Hae AU - Mondav, R AU - Woodcroft, B J AU - Hodgkins, S B AU - McCalley, C K AU - Wehr, R A AU - Logan, Tyler AU - VerBerkmoes, N C AU - Crill, Patrick M AU - Chanton, J AU - Saleska, S R AU - Rich, V I AU - Tyson, G W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract C13B EP - 0622 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618134096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Microbial+mediators+of+carbon+fate+in+thawing+permafrost%3B+connecting+microbial+activity+to+geochemistry+across+an+in+situ+thaw+gradient&rft.au=Kim%2C+Eun+Hae%3BMondav%2C+R%3BWoodcroft%2C+B+J%3BHodgkins%2C+S+B%3BMcCalley%2C+C+K%3BWehr%2C+R+A%3BLogan%2C+Tyler%3BVerBerkmoes%2C+N+C%3BCrill%2C+Patrick+M%3BChanton%2C+J%3BSaleska%2C+S+R%3BRich%2C+V+I%3BTyson%2C+G+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Eun&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating soil warming on a permafrost ecosystem in Fairbanks, Alaska AN - 1618133007; 2014-083751 AB - In order to understand how increased soil temperatures, due to climate change, will affect arctic ecosystems, it is necessary to have a way to control temperatures within the environment to be studied. A soil warming prototype was developed, installed, and tested, to simulate increased soil temperature scenarios, using an automatically controlled heater array. The prototype is installed at the U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Permafrost Experiment Station, in Fairbanks, Alaska. A plot area of 30 m-by-30 m was chosen in a spruce, birch, and willow stand. Trees were cleared, with care taken to minimize disturbance to the understory. The soil consists of ice-rich permafrost, generally present to a depth of 60 m, with an active layer that varies from 55 to 85 cm. Soils consist of tan and grey silt with permafrost moisture contents ranging from 26 to 41 percent by mass, which is relatively low moisture content for permafrost. The warming system consists of a hexagonal array of 127 vertically-installed heating elements arranged in a 25-by-29 m area. Heaters are spaced at a distance of 2.4 m apart, and at a depth of 4 m, with the effective heating depth at the bottom 0.6 m. Three heat zones within the array can be adjusted to a set-point above the current ambient ground temperature. Using integrated feedback loops, the system is able to monitor real time temperature data and automatically adjust the output of 6 separate heater circuits to maintain the desired set-point. Over temperature protection is included to cut power to a zone in the event that the zone temperature overshoots the desired set-point by a specified amount. Temperature monitoring stations are strategically placed throughout the plot area to collect temperature data at different depths. By compiling the temperature data, a three dimensional thermal picture of the area can be created. Power usage data is collected for each heater circuit so that performance can be monitored. Scenarios of 2, 4, 6, and 8 degree Celsius set-points above ambient soil temperatures have been successfully tested and collected data shows that temperatures can be tightly controlled. Results show that this system provides a promising means to simulate a soil warming scenario, and sets the stage for larger test plots to be installed in the future. The system will be useful in future studies such as comparing computer models, analyzing the effects on organisms within the environment, and ice transitions within the permafrost. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Beede, Marc C AU - Wagner, Anna M AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Zufelt, Jon E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract C13A EP - 0597 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618133007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Simulating+soil+warming+on+a+permafrost+ecosystem+in+Fairbanks%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Beede%2C+Marc+C%3BWagner%2C+Anna+M%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BZufelt%2C+Jon+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Beede&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Association between permafrost degradation and soil greenhouse gas fluxes in the Alaskan Arctic AN - 1553089790; 2014-063578 AB - The Arctic is projected to warm at nearly twice the rate of the global average in the coming century. Climate change can generate both negative and positive feedbacks with Arctic ecosystems: As atmospheric carbon dioxide increases, plants grow more quickly, thus absorbing more carbon. As temperatures rise however, Arctic permafrost thaw could make more soil carbon susceptible to microbial degradation, leading to the release of more greenhouse gases (positive feedback) or more nitrogen for plant growth (negative feedback). Therefore, to accurately predict the effects of climate change, we must understand how the amount of greenhouse gas flux from the soil surface changes with soil temperature, soil moisture, depth to frozen ground, microtopography and permafrost degradation. We conducted fieldwork in the Alaskan Arctic, at the Barrow Environmental Observatory as part of the U.S. DOE Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE-Arctic). We sampled from areas that are representative of three levels of permafrost degradation: low-centered, transitional, and high-centered. Each sampling area may be further decomposed into three microtopographic components: troughs, edges, and centers. We measured the soil greenhouse gas fluxes and flux variability of each treatment over the growing season (using static chambers), soil moisture, soil temperature, and depth to frozen ground. As permafrost thaws during the growing season, we observe how greenhouse gas fluxes change as depth to permafrost increases. This may allow us to extrapolate how greenhouse gas fluxes would change due to a climate-change-induced temperature increase. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hahn, Melanie Sarah AU - Curtis, J B AU - Sloan, V L AU - Torn, M S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B21D EP - 0410 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1553089790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Association+between+permafrost+degradation+and+soil+greenhouse+gas+fluxes+in+the+Alaskan+Arctic&rft.au=Hahn%2C+Melanie+Sarah%3BCurtis%2C+J+B%3BSloan%2C+V+L%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hahn&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A synthesis of thermokarst and thermo-erosion process rates AN - 1553086430; 2014-061417 AB - Permafrost stores substantial amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC) and is increasingly vulnerable to thaw in a warming climate. More than 1000 Pg C were sequestered for millennia in Yedoma, in peat, or in Arctic deltaic deposits below 1 m depth and are thus buffered by permafrost from current biogeochemical cycling. However, projections of future permafrost status indicate a substantial decline in permafrost extent, increase in active layer thickness, and warming of soils across the Northern SOC. These gradual processes can be readily incorporated into models. However, the late Quaternary history of Arctic permafrost regions provides ample evidence that permafrost thaw in phases of rapid warming and wetting is dominated by non-linear processes, rather than gradual top-down thaw. A core factor for this is the presence of spatially inhomogeneously distributed ground ice. Disturbances affecting permafrost with excess ice content can readily result in thermokarst or thermo-erosion through feedbacks between ground ice thawing, subsidence and geomorphic change, surface and subsurface hydrology, and vegetation change. Modeling the SOC feedbacks of thermokarst and thermo-erosion dynamics has been confined to local scales thus far, but modelers strive to make progress and start incorporating thermokarst as a disturbance process into land surface schemes or ecosystem models. For successful implementation, the natural variability in the magnitude, extent, rate, and frequency of thermokarst and thermo-erosion, and their connection to various environmental settings and variables, requires refined characterization. To understand and quantify this variability, we synthesized rates of thermokarst and thermo-erosion processes associated with a variety of permafrost degradation features, including thermokarst lakes, taliks, retrogressive thaw slumps, and peat plateaus. In addition to >180 references we analyzed, we bolstered the number and spatial distribution of thermokarst lake expansion rate measurements using own field and remotely sensed observations. Our database indicates that average shore erosion rates for thermokarst lakes range from 0.1 to 2 m/yr, while some maximum rates reach >12 m/yr. Measured and modeled talik growth under lakes or following disturbances indicates very rapid rates in the initial phase of talik formation (vertical thaw up to 1 m/yr) and a substantial reduction with increasing talik thickness. Headwall retreat rates in retrogressive thaw slumps were found to range from 1 to 10 m/yr, while maximum rates may reach 10-20 m/yr and exceed 40 m/yr in some extreme cases. Overall, we found that it is challenging to compare data reported in the literature due to widely different observation methods and periods as well as the lack of existing reporting standards for key parameters. However, despite these challenges, a general picture of thermokarst and thermo-erosion process rates begins to emerge that may be useful to better constrain boundary conditions for such processes in models and eventually allow better assessments of carbon mobilization from permafrost thaw. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Grosse, G AU - Jones, B M AU - Sannel, Britta A AU - Arp, C D AU - Walter, K M AU - Romanovsky, V E AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract B13H EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1553086430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+synthesis+of+thermokarst+and+thermo-erosion+process+rates&rft.au=Grosse%2C+G%3BJones%2C+B+M%3BSannel%2C+Britta+A%3BArp%2C+C+D%3BWalter%2C+K+M%3BRomanovsky%2C+V+E%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Grosse&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of the structure and stability of SnO (sub 2) nanocrystal and its surface-bound water AN - 1549620026; 2014-057203 AB - Driven partly by a myriad use of engineered metal oxide nanoparticles, understanding their stabilities and interactions with environmental matrix during and after applications are desired. SnO (sub 2) (cassiterite) is one of the frequently used oxides in solid-state gas sensors and oxidation catalysts. A close relationship between the gas sensitivity and catalysis of oxides with their surface chemistry ensures continuous interests in the study of SnO (sub 2) -water interfacial complexity (unavoidable "contamination" in which water can potentially participate in reactions and change SnO (sub 2) conductivity). Such information is important, as the existence of hydration layers on the surface of SnO (sub 2) nanoparticles not only play a critical role in stabilizing the nanoparticle but also affect its selectivity/sensitivity, as a nanosensor. SnO (sub 2) nanoparticles (2-5 nm) synthesized by a wet chemical route are dominated by {110} faces and are capped with H (sub 2) O or D (sub 2) O water molecules (after purification), depending on isotopic composition of water used for syntheses. When water is in direct contact with terminal Sn and O atoms, there is a controversial argument as to whether or not dissociative adsorption occurs (i.e., formation of hydroxyl groups). Although theoretical studies point toward a tendency for dissociative configuration in the direct contact layer, experimental studies have not unambiguously confirmed this conclusion. We present combined investigations using neutron total scattering (NPDF at the NOMAD beamline, SNS) and inelastic neutron scattering (INS at the SEQUOIA beamline, SNS) techniques as static and dynamic probes to reveal structure and dynamics of water and SnO (sub 2) nanocrystalline stability upon dehydration. The NPDF results (measured with deuterated samples) suggest layered water configurations with G(r) signals dominated by O-D bonds at approximately 0.98 Aa, and the second hydration layer that gives a broad peak at approximately 2.5-4 Aa. There is no evidence of a third hydration layer at approximately 5-7 Aa as shown by our previous molecular dynamic (MD) simulations, perhaps because this outermost hydration layer is not laterally-ordered parallel to the oxide surface and thus contributes a much weaker G(r) signal than the first two layers. Additionally, due to the relatively broad distribution of D-D distances and Fourier termination ripples, NPDF results cannot provide unambiguous evidence about the formation of hydroxylated surfaces, even though the dissociative MD model gives a better fitted result. Upon heating to 250 degrees C (at 10 (super -7) bar), SnO (sub 2) nanoparticles start to show surface transformation and increased crystallinity before completion of dehydration. This likely corresponds to the minimum concentration of surface-bound groups required to stabilize the nanoparticles (i.e., < approximately 0.7 monolayer coverage). Attempts to remove D (sub 2) O/OD (super -) groups below this threshold lead to rapidly increase of crystallinity. INS experiments on SnO (sub 2) nanoparticles with a minimum threshold coverage and with those from a fully hydrated sample clearly suggested dissociated water configurations with no observations of H (sub 2) O bending modes in the sample with a minimum threshold coverage. Corresponding ab initio MD simulation on SnO (sub 2) (110) surface for a comparison with INS results is underway to provide a complete picture of SnO (sub 2) -water surface dynamics. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wang, H AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Proffen, T E AU - Kolesnikov, A I AU - Vlcek, L AU - Wang, W AU - Feygenson, M AU - Sofo, J O AU - Anovitz, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract V51A EP - 2769 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1549620026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+the+structure+and+stability+of+SnO+%28sub+2%29+nanocrystal+and+its+surface-bound+water&rft.au=Wang%2C+H%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BProffen%2C+T+E%3BKolesnikov%2C+A+I%3BVlcek%2C+L%3BWang%2C+W%3BFeygenson%2C+M%3BSofo%2C+J+O%3BAnovitz%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nano-scale structure of geofluids in porous silica and montmorillonite clay AN - 1549619973; 2014-057192 AB - Earth's crust, composed of different rocks with varying degrees of nm- micron scale porosity, is source and reservoir of geofluids, and target for geologic carbon storage (GCS). The specific fluid-rock interactions control formation of fluid deposits, subsurface fluid mobility and mixing, and enhanced recovery processes. Rock pore characterization includes surface chemical identity, pore size distribution, ratio of connected to unconnected porosity and surface roughness. The properties of fluids confined in these pores are altered from bulk due to surface-fluid interactions and confined geometry effects. Changes in density, freezing temperature, and diffusion properties of pore fluids have been observed. Using a combination of neutron scattering and excess sorption measurements the physical properties of pore fluids can be quantified. We study both model systems with well-defined pore morphologies and natural rocks with fractal pore characteristics. Synthetic Porous silica glasses possessing tunable pore sizes of 8-50 nm serve as proxies for quartz-rich rocks, including sandstones. Natural rocks studied are sandstone, limestone, and shale. Excess sorption isotherms to silica aerogel and mesoporous CPG10 were measured using a high-pressure sorption balance and a vibrating tube densimeter. Strong adsorption of CO2 to the silica surfaces was found at low fluid pressure, followed by formation of a maximum in the excess sorption isotherm. The excess sorption took small and finally even negative values at high pressure. An inverse temperature dependence of the sorption strength was found in the adsorption region at low and intermediate pressure, while the excess sorption showed little temperature dependence at high pressure. A shift of the excess sorption maximum to higher fluid density was observed with increasing pore width. From small-angle neutron scattering data the density and volume of the sorption phase of pore CO2 was calculated using the Adsorbed Phase Model. The sorption behaviour was modelled using Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulation, which exactly reproduced the excess sorption isotherm data under the assumption of a weakly attractive solid-fluid interaction potential. Caprocks overlying the porous reservoir rock serve to retain buoyant plumes of CO2. Caprocks can be comprised of thick layers of clay or mudstones, thought to be impenetrable to CO2. To quantify the interactions of caprock with CO2, we measured the excess sorption of supercritical CO2 at Na-montmorillonite clay, a proxy for cap rock materials. Very limited amounts of CO2 adsorbed to this clay mineral at low fluid densities. Using neutron diffraction, the change of the clay interlayer spacing was measured as a function of the CO2 density. A jump-like increase of the interlayer spacing upon CO2 addition was found at low pressures, and remained constant with further additions of CO2. These results indicate suitability of montmorillonite clay for carbon storage caprock applications. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rother, G AU - Gruszkiewicz, M S AU - Vlcek, L AU - Cole, D R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract V51A EP - 2758 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1549619973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Nano-scale+structure+of+geofluids+in+porous+silica+and+montmorillonite+clay&rft.au=Rother%2C+G%3BGruszkiewicz%2C+M+S%3BVlcek%2C+L%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rother&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nucleation and growth of minerals: atomic-, meso- and pore-scale perspectives AN - 1542646856; 2014-047640 AB - The ability to predict and control the nucleation and growth of minerals is important in a variety of applications such as disposal of spent nuclear fuel, scale formation during oil, gas and geothermal production, remediation of contaminants such as toxic metals and sequestration of carbon dioxide. Macroscopic net reaction rates and mineral/material morphologies all are ultimately driven by atomic-scale reactions on surfaces. While our ability to determine and detect atomic-scale processes has improved, significant challenges remain in relating these to macroscopic observables. The meso-scale offers us a potential ability to bridge these disparate time- and length-scales. In this talk, I will discuss our recent work to relate atomic-level reactions to macroscopic rates via the meso-scale on two common sparingly-soluble ionically-bonded salts: calcite (CaCO3) and barite (BaSO4),. First, I will discuss our efforts to use rare event theories (e.g., metadynamics, umbrella sampling, reactive flux) coupled to molecular dynamics simulations to determine the mechanisms and rates of mineral growth reactions that are too slow to simulate directly. Specifically I will discuss 'kink site nucleation' reactions, thought to be rate limiting under many conditions close to equilibrium during crystal growth. Second, I will discuss our efforts to infer the rates of attachment and detachment to these sites during from atomic force microscopy experiments of monomolecular step velocities as a function of saturation index and aqueous cation-to-anion ratio. I will conclude with studies of the nucleation of calcium carbonate in a synthetic porous media, controlled pore glass. Here I show that pore-scale processes and the interaction between substrate and solute can change not just rates, but in which pores precipitation preferentially occurs. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Stack, A G AU - Bracco, J N AU - Rother, G AU - Anovitz, L AU - Fernandez-Martinez, A AU - Waychunas, G AU - Gale, J D AU - Raiteri, P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract V54A EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542646856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Nucleation+and+growth+of+minerals%3A+atomic-%2C+meso-+and+pore-scale+perspectives&rft.au=Stack%2C+A+G%3BBracco%2C+J+N%3BRother%2C+G%3BAnovitz%2C+L%3BFernandez-Martinez%2C+A%3BWaychunas%2C+G%3BGale%2C+J+D%3BRaiteri%2C+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stack&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of rock type and geologic process on the structure and evolution of nano, meso and micro-scale porosity; a (U)SANS, SEM/BSE analysis AN - 1542646024; 2014-047615 AB - The microstructure and evolution of porosity in time and space play a critical role in many geologic processes, including the migration and retention of water, gas and hydrocarbons, the evolution of hydrothermal systems, weathering, diagenesis and metamorphism, as well as technological processes such as CO2 sequestration, shale gas and secondary oil recovery. The size, distribution and connectivity of these confined geometries collectively dictate how fluids migrate into and through these micro- and nanoenvironments, wet and react with mineral surfaces. (Ultra)small-angle neutron scattering and autocorrelations derived from SEM/BSE imaging provide a method of quantifying pore structures in a statistically significant manner from the nanometer to the centimeter scale. Data from this approach suggests that there are significant primary and evolutionary differences between the multiscale pore structures of carbonate and clastic rocks. Our work on the St. Peter sandstone shows total porosity correlates with changes in pores structure including pore size ratios, surface fractal dimensions, and lacunarity. There is no evidence of mass-fractal scattering and while previous scattering data from sandstones suggest scattering is dominated by surface fractal behavior over many orders of magnitude, our data show both fractal and pseudo-fractals. Larger pores fill at a faster rate than small pores as overgrowths form, leading to an increase in the small/large pore ratio. Overall, therefore, the relative importance of fluid reactions in confined geometries is likely to increase with increased silcrete formation. The changes observed with overgrowth formation in sandstones contrast with available data for metamorphism of chemical sediments (limestones) in both the Marble Canyon contact aureole, TX (Anovitz et al., 2009), and the Hatrurim Fm. (the Mottled Zone), Israel. The unmetamorphosed limestones both show distinct multifractal scattering patterns at larger scales, and true surface fractals at smaller scales. Total porosity increases with metamorphism, as does the surface area to volume ratio. The mass fractal dimension increases with metamorphic grade. In the Hatrurim the surface fractal dimension also increase suggesting that increases in pore mass density and formation of less branching pore networks are accompanied by a roughening of pore/grain interfaces. Ds changes are more complex at Marble Canyon, possibly due to hydrothermal processes. Pore evolution during combustion metamorphism is also characterized by reduced contributions from small-scale pores to the cumulative porosity in the high-grade rocks. The evolution of pore/grain microstructures may be correlated to the growth (nucleation) of high-temperature phases that preferentially close small pores, producing a rougher morphology with increasing temperature. The transition to a rough morphology may be a consequence of pore/grain surface free energies that are smaller than those that arise from heterogeneous phase contacts. Large-scale pores may also develop at the expense of small-scale pores. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Anovitz, L AU - Wang, H AU - Cole, D R AU - Rother, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract V53F EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542646024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Effects+of+rock+type+and+geologic+process+on+the+structure+and+evolution+of+nano%2C+meso+and+micro-scale+porosity%3B+a+%28U%29SANS%2C+SEM%2FBSE+analysis&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+L%3BWang%2C+H%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BRother%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using neutron scattering to understand how porosity opens in weathering rocks to form regolith AN - 1542644643; 2014-047611 AB - At the Earth's surface, bedrock formed at high temperature and pressure re-equilibrates to surficial conditions. During this equilibration, a mantle of disaggregated rock known as regolith forms due to interactions between minerals, water, biota, organic matter, and gas. To understand the initial stages of regolith formation, we are making observations showing how pores open and become connected in low porosity rocks during weathering. Pores ranging in size from nanometers to microns are probed using neutron scattering to investigate the mineral - pore interface. For example, we have used neutron scattering to analyze the interface between unweathered and weathered shale, andesite, diabase, and granite. Scattering intensity increases with extent of weathering as the porosity and surface area increases. The interface inside rocks that scatters neutrons can sometimes be characterized as a mass fractal while in other cases the interface is a surface fractal. Furthermore, in basaltic and granitic material, scattering occurs from both, i.e., from pores (mass fractal) and bumps on pore surfaces (surface fractal). In contrast, in scattering from shale, only one fractal is observed. The fractal dimensions also vary with the extent of weathering. For example, in several cases we have observed that weathering causes the mass fractal to transform to a surface fractal as pores become interconnected. We also hypothesize that surface fractal dimensions may decrease when weathering reactions are transport-limited. As we use neutrons to explore the interface of pores inside rocks during weathering, we hope to develop models for predicting these processes quantitatively. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Brantley, S L AU - Bazilevskaya, E AU - Jin, L AU - Rother, G AU - Cole, D R AU - Sitchler, A AU - Gu, X AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - December 2012 SP - Abstract V53F EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2012 KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542644643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Using+neutron+scattering+to+understand+how+porosity+opens+in+weathering+rocks+to+form+regolith&rft.au=Brantley%2C+S+L%3BBazilevskaya%2C+E%3BJin%2C+L%3BRother%2C+G%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BSitchler%2C+A%3BGu%2C+X%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brantley&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2012 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Management opportunities for enhancing terrestrial carbon dioxide sinks AN - 1315617283; 17718286 AB - The potential for mitigating increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations through the use of terrestrial biological carbon (C) sequestration is substantial. Here, we estimate the amount of C being sequestered by natural processes at global. North American, and national US scales. We present and quantify, where possible, the potential for deliberate human actions - through forestry, agriculture, and use of biomass-based fuels - to augment these natural sinks. Carbon sequestration may potentially be achieved through some of these activities but at the expense of substantial changes in land-use management. Some practices (eg reduced tillage, improved silviculture, woody bioenergy crops) are already being cellulosic bioenergy crops) require further evaluation to determine whether widespread implementation is warranted. JF - Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment AU - Post, WM AU - Izaurralde, R C AU - West, TO AU - Liebig, MA AU - King, A W AD - Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, wpost@utk.edu Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - Dec 2012 SP - 554 EP - 561 VL - 10 IS - 10 SN - 1540-9295, 1540-9295 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - North America KW - Carbon KW - Carbon dioxide KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1315617283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+Ecology+and+the+Environment&rft.atitle=Management+opportunities+for+enhancing+terrestrial+carbon+dioxide+sinks&rft.au=Post%2C+WM%3BIzaurralde%2C+R+C%3BWest%2C+TO%3BLiebig%2C+MA%3BKing%2C+A+W&rft.aulast=Post&rft.aufirst=WM&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=554&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Frontiers+in+Ecology+and+the+Environment&rft.issn=15409295&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon; Carbon dioxide; North America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - North American carbon dioxide sources and sinks: magnitude, attribution, and uncertainty AN - 1315613980; 17718281 AB - North America is both a source and sink of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)). Continental sources - such as fossil-fuel combustion in the US and deforestation in Mexico - and sinks - including most ecosystems, and particularly secondary forests - add and remove CO sub(2) from the atmosphere, respectively. Photosynthesis converts CO sub(2) into carbon as biomass, which is stored in vegetation, soils, and wood products. However, ecosystem sinks compensate for only similar to 35% of the continent's fossil-fuel-based CO sub(2) emissions: North America therefore represents a net CO sub(2) source. Estimating the magnitude of ecosystem sinks, even though the calculation is confounded by uncertainty as a result of individual inventory- and model-based alternatives, has improved through the use of a combined approach. JF - Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment AU - King, A W AU - Hayes, D J AU - Huntzlnger, D N AU - West, TO AU - Post, WM AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, kingaw@oml.gov Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - Dec 2012 SP - 512 EP - 519 VL - 10 IS - 10 SN - 1540-9295, 1540-9295 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Atmosphere KW - Carbon dioxide KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1315613980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+Ecology+and+the+Environment&rft.atitle=North+American+carbon+dioxide+sources+and+sinks%3A+magnitude%2C+attribution%2C+and+uncertainty&rft.au=King%2C+A+W%3BHayes%2C+D+J%3BHuntzlnger%2C+D+N%3BWest%2C+TO%3BPost%2C+WM&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=512&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Frontiers+in+Ecology+and+the+Environment&rft.issn=15409295&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon dioxide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of boreal forest historical C dynamics in the Yukon River Basin: relative roles of warming and fire regime change AN - 1272736269; 17573640 AB - Carbon (C) dynamics of boreal forest ecosystems have substantial implications for efforts to mitigate the rise of atmospheric CO sub(2) and may be substantially influenced by warming and changing wildfire regimes. In this study we applied a large-scale ecosystem model that included dynamics of organic soil horizons and soil organic matter characteristics of multiple pools to assess forest C stock changes of the Yukon River Basin (YRB) in Alaska, USA, and Canada from 1960 through 2006, a period characterized by substantial climate warming and increases in wildfire. The model was calibrated for major forests with data from long-term research sites and evaluated using a forest inventory database. The regional assessment indicates that forest vegetation C storage increased by 46 Tg C, but that total soil C storage did not change appreciably during this period. However, further analysis suggests that C has been continuously lost from the mineral soil horizon since warming began in the 1970s, but has increased in the amorphous organic soil horizon. Based on a factorial experiment, soil C stocks would have increased by 158 Tg C if the YRB had not undergone warming and changes in fire regime. The analysis also identified that warming and changes in fire regime were approximately equivalent in their effects on soil C storage, and interactions between these two suggests that the loss of organic horizon thickness associated with increases in wildfire made deeper soil C stocks more vulnerable to loss via decomposition. Subbasin analyses indicate that C stock changes were primarily sensitive to the fraction of burned forest area within each subbasin and that boreal forest ecosystems in the YRB are currently transitioning from being sinks to sources at similar to 0.7% annual area burned. We conclude that it is important for international mitigation efforts focused on controlling atmospheric CO sub(2) to consider how climate warming and changes in fire regime may concurrently affect the CO sub(2) sink strength of boreal forests. It is also important for large-scale biogeochemical and earth system models to include organic soil dynamics in applications to assess regional C dynamics of boreal forests responding to warming and changes in fire regime. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Yuan, F-M AU - Yi, S-H AU - McGuire, AD AU - Johnson, K D AU - Liang, J AU - Harden, J W AU - Kasischke, E S AU - Kurz, WA AD - Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 USA, yuanf@ornl.gov A2 - Schimel, DS (ed) Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - Dec 2012 SP - 2091 EP - 2109 PB - Ecological Society of America, 1707 H Street, N.W., Suite 400 Washington DC 20006 United States VL - 22 IS - 8 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Forests KW - Decomposition KW - Ecosystem models KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Canada, Yukon Terr., Yukon R. basin KW - Organic soils KW - USA, Alaska KW - Inventories KW - Fires KW - Forest ecosystems KW - Data processing KW - Organic matter KW - Climate KW - Vegetation KW - River basins KW - Soils (organic) KW - Storage KW - Databases KW - Wildfire KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Minerals KW - Soil horizons KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1272736269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+boreal+forest+historical+C+dynamics+in+the+Yukon+River+Basin%3A+relative+roles+of+warming+and+fire+regime+change&rft.au=Yuan%2C+F-M%3BYi%2C+S-H%3BMcGuire%2C+AD%3BJohnson%2C+K+D%3BLiang%2C+J%3BHarden%2C+J+W%3BKasischke%2C+E+S%3BKurz%2C+WA&rft.aulast=Yuan&rft.aufirst=F-M&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2091&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Inventories; Data processing; Organic matter; Climate; Vegetation; Forests; Soils (organic); River basins; Decomposition; Ecosystem models; Databases; Wildfire; Carbon; Carbon dioxide; Minerals; Soil horizons; Storage; Soil; Forest ecosystems; Organic soils; USA, Alaska; Canada, Yukon Terr., Yukon R. basin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interannual Tropospheric Aerosol Variability in the Late Twentieth Century and Its Impact on Tropical Atlantic and West African Climate by Direct and Semidirect Effects AN - 1257782639; 17464606 AB - A new high-resolution global tropospheric aerosol dataset with monthly resolution is generated using version 4 of the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM4) coupled to a bulk aerosol model and forced with recent estimates of surface emissions for the period 1961-2000 to identify tropospheric aerosol-induced interannual climate variations. The surface emissions dataset is constructed from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) decadal-resolution surface emissions dataset to include reanalysis of tropospheric chemical composition [40-yr Reanalysis of Tropospheric Chemical Composition (RETRO)] wildfire monthly emissions data. A four-member ensemble run is conducted using the spectral configuration of CAM4, forced with the new tropospheric aerosol dataset and prescribed with observed sea surface temperature, sea ice, and greenhouse gases. CAM4 only simulates the direct and semidirect effects of aerosols on the climate. The simulations reveal that variations in tropospheric aerosol levels can induce significant regional climate variability on the interannual time scales. Regression analyses over tropical Atlantic and Africa suggest that increasing dust aerosols can cool the North African landmass and shift convection southward from West Africa into the Gulf of Guinea in the spring season. Further, it is found that carbonaceous aerosols emanating from the southwestern African savannas can significantly cool the region and increase the marine stratocumulus cloud cover over the southeast tropical Atlantic Ocean by aerosol-induced diabatic heating of the free troposphere above the low clouds. Experiments conducted with CAM4 coupled to a slab ocean model suggest that present-day aerosols can cool the tropical North Atlantic and shift the intertropical convergence zone southward and can reduce the ocean mixed layer temperature beneath the increased marine stratocumulus clouds in the southeastern tropical Atlantic. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Mahajan, Salil AU - Evans, Katherine J AU - Truesdale, John E AU - Hack, James J AU - Lamarque, Jean-Francois AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - Dec 2012 SP - 8031 EP - 8056 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 25 IS - 23 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Convection KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Ocean models KW - AS, Atlantic, Intertropical Convergence Zone KW - Data reanalysis KW - Climatic variability KW - Guinea KW - Emissions KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Seasonal variability KW - Marine KW - Aerosols KW - Climate models KW - Chemical composition KW - Marine stratocumulus KW - Mixed layer KW - Temperature KW - Troposphere KW - Greenhouse effect KW - AN, North Atlantic KW - PSW, Africa KW - AS, Tropical Atlantic KW - Clouds KW - Sea ice KW - Interannual variability KW - ASE, Africa KW - Oceans KW - Tropical environment KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Eolian dust KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - M2 551.326:Floating Ice (551.326) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1257782639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Interannual+Tropospheric+Aerosol+Variability+in+the+Late+Twentieth+Century+and+Its+Impact+on+Tropical+Atlantic+and+West+African+Climate+by+Direct+and+Semidirect+Effects&rft.au=Mahajan%2C+Salil%3BEvans%2C+Katherine+J%3BTruesdale%2C+John+E%3BHack%2C+James+J%3BLamarque%2C+Jean-Francois&rft.aulast=Mahajan&rft.aufirst=Salil&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=8031&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-12-00029.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Aerosols; Chemical composition; Mixed layer; Tropical environment; Ocean-atmosphere system; Troposphere; Greenhouse effect; Eolian dust; Clouds; Interannual variability; Climate models; Atmospheric pollution models; Climatic variability; Marine stratocumulus; Ocean models; Seasonal variability; Data reanalysis; Sea ice; Oceans; Temperature; Emissions; Greenhouse gases; ASE, Africa; Guinea; AS, Atlantic, Intertropical Convergence Zone; AN, North Atlantic; PSW, Africa; AS, Tropical Atlantic; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00029.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Turning renewable resources into value-added polymer: development of lignin-based thermoplastic AN - 1257753238; 17439100 AB - Productive uses of lignin, the third most abundant natural polymer, have been sought for decades. One especially attractive possibility is that of developing value-added products including thermoplastics based on lignin. This possibility warrants special attention due to growth of the modern biofuel industries. However, the polydisperse molecular weight and hyper-branched structure of lignin has hindered the creation of high-performance biopolymers. Here, we report the preparation and characterization of novel lignin-based, partially carbon-neutral thermoplastics. We first altered the molecular weight of lignin, either by fractionation with methanol, or by formaldehyde crosslinking. Crosslinking of lignin increases the molecular weight, exhibiting M sub(n) = 31 000 g mol super(-1), whereas that of as-received lignin is 1840 g mol super(-1). Tuning the molecular weight of lignin enabled successful preparation of novel lignin-derived thermoplastics, when coupled with telechelic polybutadiene soft-segments at proper feed ratios. Characteristic to thermoplastic rubbers, free-standing films of the resulting copolymers exhibit two-phase morphology and associated relaxations in the dynamic mechanical loss spectrum. To the best of our knowledge this article is the first report to demonstrate phase immiscibility, melt-processibility, and biphasic morphology of soft and hard segments in a lignin-based copolymer for all feed ratios of two macromolecular components. The use of higher molecular weight lignin enhanced the resulting shear modulus due to efficient network formation of telechelic polybutadiene bridges. The storage modulus in the rubbery plateau region increased with increasing lignin content. The successful synthesis of novel lignin-based thermoplastics will open a new pathway to biomass utilization and will help conserve petrochemicals. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Saito, Tomonori AU - Brown, Rebecca H AU - Hunt, Marcus A AU - Pickel, Deanna L AU - Pickel, Joseph M AU - Messman, Jamie M AU - Baker, Frederick S AU - Keller, Martin AU - Naskar, Amit K AD - Polymer Matrix Composites Group; Materials Science and Technology Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN 37831-6053; USA; +1 865-574-8257; +1 865-576-0309; , naskarak@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - Dec 2012 SP - 3295 EP - 3303 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 14 IS - 12 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Fuel technology KW - Renewable resources KW - Fractionation KW - Morphology KW - Green development KW - Biopolymers KW - Polymers KW - Biofuels KW - Feeds KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1257753238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Turning+renewable+resources+into+value-added+polymer%3A+development+of+lignin-based+thermoplastic&rft.au=Saito%2C+Tomonori%3BBrown%2C+Rebecca+H%3BHunt%2C+Marcus+A%3BPickel%2C+Deanna+L%3BPickel%2C+Joseph+M%3BMessman%2C+Jamie+M%3BBaker%2C+Frederick+S%3BKeller%2C+Martin%3BNaskar%2C+Amit+K&rft.aulast=Saito&rft.aufirst=Tomonori&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2gc35933b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 77 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuel technology; Renewable resources; Fractionation; Green development; Morphology; Biopolymers; Polymers; Biofuels; Feeds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2gc35933b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pretreatment and Lignocellulosic Chemistry AN - 1171890136; 17346594 AB - Lignocellulosic materials such as wood, grass, and agricultural and forest residues are promising alternative energy resources that can be utilized to produce ethanol. The yield of ethanol production from native lignocellulosic material is relatively low due to its native recalcitrance, which is attributed to, in part, lignin content/structure, hemicelluloses, cellulose crystallinity, and other factors. Pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials is required to overcome this recalcitrance. The goal of pretreatment is to alter the physical features and chemical composition/structure of lignocellulosic materials, thus making cellulose more accessible to enzymatic hydrolysis for sugar conversion. Various pretreatment technologies to reduce recalcitrance and to increase sugar yield have been developed during the past two decades. This review examines the changes in lignocellulosic structure primarily in cellulose and hemicellulose during the most commonly applied pretreatment technologies including dilute acid pretreatment, hydrothermal pretreatment, and alkaline pretreatment. JF - BioEnergy Research AU - Hu, Fan AU - Ragauskas, Art AD - BioEnergy Science Center, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Paper Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA, arthur.ragauskas@chemistry.gatech.edu Y1 - 2012/12// PY - 2012 DA - Dec 2012 SP - 1043 EP - 1066 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 1939-1234, 1939-1234 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Residues KW - Reviews KW - Cellulose KW - Forests KW - Wood KW - Hydrolysis KW - Biofuels KW - Ethanol KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1171890136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEnergy+Research&rft.atitle=Pretreatment+and+Lignocellulosic+Chemistry&rft.au=Hu%2C+Fan%3BRagauskas%2C+Art&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Fan&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1043&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEnergy+Research&rft.issn=19391234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12155-012-9208-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Residues; Reviews; Cellulose; Wood; Forests; Hydrolysis; Biofuels; Technology; Ethanol DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-012-9208-0 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - CoNNECT: Data Analytics for Energy Efficient Communities T2 - 2012 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition AN - 1313087095; 6171193 JF - 2012 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition AU - Omitaomu, Olufemi AU - Bhaduri, Budhendra AU - Maness, Christopher AU - Kodysh, Jeffrey AU - Noranzyk, Amanda Y1 - 2012/11/09/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Nov 09 KW - Energy efficiency KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313087095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+ASME+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition&rft.atitle=CoNNECT%3A+Data+Analytics+for+Energy+Efficient+Communities&rft.au=Omitaomu%2C+Olufemi%3BBhaduri%2C+Budhendra%3BManess%2C+Christopher%3BKodysh%2C+Jeffrey%3BNoranzyk%2C+Amanda&rft.aulast=Omitaomu&rft.aufirst=Olufemi&rft.date=2012-11-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+ASME+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asmeconferences.org/Congress2012/ConferenceSchedule.cfm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Modeling and Analysis of Solar Radiation Potentials on Building Rooftops T2 - 2012 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition AN - 1313026091; 6173431 JF - 2012 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition AU - Omitaomu, Olufemi AU - Kodysh, Jeffrey AU - Bhaduri, Budhendra Y1 - 2012/11/09/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Nov 09 KW - Solar radiation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313026091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+ASME+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition&rft.atitle=Modeling+and+Analysis+of+Solar+Radiation+Potentials+on+Building+Rooftops&rft.au=Omitaomu%2C+Olufemi%3BKodysh%2C+Jeffrey%3BBhaduri%2C+Budhendra&rft.aulast=Omitaomu&rft.aufirst=Olufemi&rft.date=2012-11-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+ASME+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asmeconferences.org/Congress2012/ConferenceSchedule.cfm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Oil-Miscible and Non-Corrosive Ionic Liquids as Multifunctional Ashless Lubricant Additives T2 - 2012 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition AN - 1313009822; 6170727 JF - 2012 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition AU - Qu, Jun AU - Luo, Huimin AU - Dai, Sheng AU - Blau, Peter AU - Bunting, Bruce AU - Mordukhovich, Gregory AU - Smolenski, Donald Y1 - 2012/11/09/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Nov 09 KW - Additives KW - Lubricants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313009822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+ASME+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition&rft.atitle=Oil-Miscible+and+Non-Corrosive+Ionic+Liquids+as+Multifunctional+Ashless+Lubricant+Additives&rft.au=Qu%2C+Jun%3BLuo%2C+Huimin%3BDai%2C+Sheng%3BBlau%2C+Peter%3BBunting%2C+Bruce%3BMordukhovich%2C+Gregory%3BSmolenski%2C+Donald&rft.aulast=Qu&rft.aufirst=Jun&rft.date=2012-11-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+ASME+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asmeconferences.org/Congress2012/ConferenceSchedule.cfm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perchlorate production by photodecomposition of aqueous chlorine solutions. AN - 1141535591; 22962844 AB - Aqueous chlorine solutions (defined as chlorine solutions (Cl(2,T)) containing solely or a combination of molecular chlorine (Cl(2)), hypochlorous acid (HOCl), and hypochlorite (OCl(-))) are known to produce toxic inorganic disinfection byproduct (e.g., chlorate and chlorite) through photoactivated transformations. Recent reports of perchlorate (ClO(4)(-)) production-a well-known thyroid hormone disruptor- from stored bleach solutions indicates the presence of unexplored transformation pathway(s). The evaluation of this potential ClO(4)(-) source is important given the widespread use of aqueous chlorine as a disinfectant. In this study, we perform detailed rate analysis of ClO(4)(-) generation from aqueous chlorine under varying environmental conditions including ultraviolet (UV) light sources, intensity, solution pH, and Cl(2,T) concentrations. Our results show that ClO(4)(-) is produced upon UV exposure of aqueous chlorine solutions with yields ranging from 0.09 × 10(-3) to 9.2 × 10(-3)% for all experimental conditions. The amount of ClO(4)(-) produced depends on the starting concentrations of Cl(2,T) and ClO(3)(-), UV source wavelength, and solution pH, but it is independent of light intensity. We hypothesize a mechanistic pathway derived from known reactions of Cl(2,T) photodecomposition that involves the reaction of Cl radicals with ClO(3)(-) to produce ClO(4)(-) with calculated rate coefficient (k(ClO4-)) of (4-40) × 10(5) M(-1) s(-1) and (3-250) × 10(5) M(-1) s(-1) for UV-B/C and UV-A, respectively. The measured ClO(4)(-) concentrations for both UV-B and UV-C experiments agreed well with our model (R(2) = 0.88-0.99), except under UV-A light exposure (R(2) = 0.52-0.93), suggesting the possible involvement of additional pathways at higher wavelengths. Based on our results, phototransformation of aqueous chlorine solutions at concentrations relevant to drinking water treatment would result in ClO(4)(-) concentrations (~0.1 μg L(-1)) much below the proposed drinking water limits. The importance of the hypothesized mechanism is discussed in relation to natural ClO(4)(-) formation by atmospheric transformations. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Rao, Balaji AU - Estrada, Nubia AU - McGee, Shelly AU - Mangold, Jerry AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Jackson, W Andrew AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Y1 - 2012/11/06/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Nov 06 SP - 11635 EP - 11643 VL - 46 IS - 21 KW - Disinfectants KW - 0 KW - Perchlorates KW - Solutions KW - Chlorine KW - 4R7X1O2820 KW - perchlorate KW - VLA4NZX2P4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Photolysis KW - Kinetics KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Models, Chemical KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Disinfectants -- radiation effects KW - Perchlorates -- radiation effects KW - Disinfectants -- chemistry KW - Perchlorates -- chemistry KW - Chlorine -- radiation effects KW - Chlorine -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1141535591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Perchlorate+production+by+photodecomposition+of+aqueous+chlorine+solutions.&rft.au=Rao%2C+Balaji%3BEstrada%2C+Nubia%3BMcGee%2C+Shelly%3BMangold%2C+Jerry%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BJackson%2C+W+Andrew&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=Balaji&rft.date=2012-11-06&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=11635&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes3015277 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2013-04-18 N1 - Date created - 2012-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es3015277 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long term electrical resistivity monitoring of recharge-induced contaminant plume behavior AN - 1769964113; 2016-017209 AB - Geophysical measurements, and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data in particular, are sensitive to properties that are related (directly or indirectly) to hydrological processes. The challenge is in extracting information from geophysical data at a relevant scale that can be used to gain insight about subsurface behavior and to parameterize or validate flow and transport models. Here, we consider the use of ERT data for examining the impact of recharge on subsurface contamination at the S-3 ponds of the Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) site in Tennessee. A large dataset of time-lapse cross-well and surface ERT data, collected at the site over a period of 12 months, is used to study time variations in resistivity due to changes in total dissolved solids (primarily nitrate). The electrical resistivity distributions recovered from cross-well and surface ERT data agrees well, and both of these datasets can be used to interpret spatiotemporal variations in subsurface nitrate concentrations due to rainfall, although the sensitivity of the electrical resistivity response to dilution varies with nitrate concentration. Using the time-lapse surface ERT data interpreted in terms of nitrate concentrations, we find that the subsurface nitrate concentration at this site varies as a function of spatial position, episodic heavy rainstorms (versus seasonal and annual fluctuations), and antecedent rainfall history. These results suggest that the surface ERT monitoring approach is potentially useful for examining subsurface plume responses to recharge over field-relevant scales. Abstract Copyright (2012) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Gasperikova, Erika AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Watson, David B AU - Baker, Gregory S AU - Peterson, John E AU - Kowalsky, Michael B AU - Smith, Meagan AU - Brooks, Scott Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 33 EP - 49 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 142-143 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - solute transport KW - electrical resistivity tomography KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - geophysical surveys KW - contaminant plumes KW - government agencies KW - hydrogeology KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Bear Creek valley KW - transport KW - time-lapse methods KW - Tennessee KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - electromagnetic induction KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - rainfall KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - resistivity KW - hydrochemistry KW - models KW - recharge KW - mathematical methods KW - surveys KW - seasonal variations KW - Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge site KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769964113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Long+term+electrical+resistivity+monitoring+of+recharge-induced+contaminant+plume+behavior&rft.au=Gasperikova%2C+Erika%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BBaker%2C+Gregory+S%3BPeterson%2C+John+E%3BKowalsky%2C+Michael+B%3BSmith%2C+Meagan%3BBrooks%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Gasperikova&rft.aufirst=Erika&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=142-143&rft.issue=&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2012.09.007 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bear Creek valley; contaminant plumes; electrical methods; electrical resistivity tomography; electromagnetic induction; geochemistry; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; government agencies; ground water; hydrochemistry; hydrogeology; mathematical methods; models; nitrates; Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge site; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; rainfall; recharge; remediation; resistivity; seasonal variations; solute transport; surveys; Tennessee; time-lapse methods; tomography; transport; U. S. Department of Energy; United States; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2012.09.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Magadiite templated high surface area graphene-type carbons from metal-halide based ionic liquids AN - 1562670049; 20517996 AB - Dispersible graphene-type carbon powders were prepared with metal halide-ionic liquids as the carbon source and Magadiite, a layered sodium silicate, as the template. The metal halide has a major impact on the graphene yield, ordering of the carbon lattice, and adsorption properties. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Fulvio, Pasquale Fernando AU - Hillesheim, Patrick Christopher AU - Bauer, John Christopher AU - Mahurin, Shannon Mark AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Chemical Sciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; Tennessee 37831; USA; , fulviopf@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - Nov 2012 SP - 59 EP - 62 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 1 IS - 1 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Sodium KW - Metals KW - Energy KW - Surface area KW - Adsorption KW - Carbon sources KW - Halides KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562670049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Magadiite+templated+high+surface+area+graphene-type+carbons+from+metal-halide+based+ionic+liquids&rft.au=Fulvio%2C+Pasquale+Fernando%3BHillesheim%2C+Patrick+Christopher%3BBauer%2C+John+Christopher%3BMahurin%2C+Shannon+Mark%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Fulvio&rft.aufirst=Pasquale&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2ta00634k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sodium; Metals; Surface area; Energy; Adsorption; Carbon sources; Halides; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2ta00634k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Event detection and sub-state discovery from biomolecular simulations using higher-order statistics: Application to enzyme adenylate kinase AN - 1529945715; 19893577 AB - Biomolecular simulations at millisecond and longer time-scales can provide vital insights into functional mechanisms. Because post-simulation analyses of such large trajectory datasets can be a limiting factor in obtaining biological insights, there is an emerging need to identify key dynamical events and relating these events to the biological function online, that is, as simulations are progressing. Recently, we have introduced a novel computational technique, quasi-anharmonic analysis (QAA) (Ramanathan et al., PLoS One 2011; 6:e15827), for partitioning the conformational landscape into a hierarchy of functionally relevant sub-states. The unique capabilities of QAA are enabled by exploiting anharmonicity in the form of fourth-order statistics for characterizing atomic fluctuations. In this article, we extend QAA for analyzing long time-scale simulations online. In particular, we present HOST4MD-a higher-order statistical toolbox for molecular dynamics simulations, which (1) identifies key dynamical events as simulations are in progress, (2) explores potential sub-states, and (3) identifies conformational transitions that enable the protein to access those sub-states. We demonstrate HOST4MD on microsecond timescale simulations of the enzyme adenylate kinase in its apo state. HOST4MD identifies several conformational events in these simulations, revealing how the intrinsic coupling between the three subdomains (LID, CORE, and NMP) changes during the simulations. Further, it also identifies an inherent asymmetry in the opening/closing of the two binding sites. We anticipate that HOST4MD will provide a powerful and extensible framework for detecting biophysically relevant conformational coordinates from long time-scale simulations. Proteins 2012. copyright 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Proteins: Structure, Function and Bioinformatics AU - Ramanathan, Arvind AU - Savol, Andrej J AU - Agarwal, Pratul K AU - Chennubhotla, Chakra S AD - Computational Biology Institute & Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830. Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - Nov 2012 SP - 2536 EP - 2551 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 United States VL - 80 IS - 11 SN - 0887-3585, 0887-3585 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Protein structure KW - Statistics KW - Asymmetry KW - Adenylate kinase KW - Statistical analysis KW - Enzymes KW - Bioinformatics KW - Limiting factors KW - Computer applications KW - Internet KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529945715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+and+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Event+detection+and+sub-state+discovery+from+biomolecular+simulations+using+higher-order+statistics%3A+Application+to+enzyme+adenylate+kinase&rft.au=Ramanathan%2C+Arvind%3BSavol%2C+Andrej+J%3BAgarwal%2C+Pratul+K%3BChennubhotla%2C+Chakra+S&rft.aulast=Ramanathan&rft.aufirst=Arvind&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2536&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+and+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=08873585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fprot.24135 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protein structure; Statistics; Asymmetry; Statistical analysis; Adenylate kinase; Enzymes; Limiting factors; Bioinformatics; Computer applications; Internet DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.24135 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavior of carbon-bearing fluids at nanoscale interfaces AN - 1469625479; 2013-097322 AB - It is becoming increasingly clear that organic molecules present as gas species, in aqueous and mixed volatile fluids--ranging from simple hydrocarbons and carboxylic acids to branched and cyclic compounds, to proteins and humic substances--play major roles in controlling geochemical processes, not just at Earth's surface, but also deep within the crust and mantle. The origin of life may be partly attributable to the properties of such molecules in complex fluids under extreme conditions, as they appear to play an important role in mineral reactivity and templating of mineral precipitates. The behavior of C-O-H fluids at mineral surfaces or in confined geometries (pores, fractures) typically differs from their bulk behavior in many ways due to the effects of large internal surfaces and geometrical confinement. Phase transitions (i.e., freezing and capillary condensation), sorption and wetting, and dynamical properties, including diffusion, relaxation and chemical reactivity, may be modified, with the strongest changes observed for pores ranging in size from 2 to 50 nm. Important factors influencing the structure and dynamics of confined fluids include the average pore size and pore size distribution, the degree of pore interconnection, and the character of the liquid-surface interaction. The confining matrices of interest to earth and materials sciences usually contain oxide structural units and thus are typically hydrophilic. The properties of neutrons make them an ideal probe for comparing the properties of bulk fluids with those in confined geometries. In this presentation, we provide an overview of research performed on fluids at nanoscale interfaces in materials of interest to the earth and material sciences (e.g., silica, alumina, zeolites, clays, rocks, etc.), emphasizing those techniques that assess both structural modification and dynamical behavior such as small-angle (SANS) and quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS), and neutron reflectivity (NR). Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations will be described that provide atomistic characterization of interfacial and confined fluid behavior as well as aid in the interpretation of the neutron scattering results. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Cole, David R AU - Striolo, A AU - Phan, A AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Mamontov, E AU - Ok, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 502 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - processes KW - behavior KW - mantle KW - phase transitions KW - properties KW - porosity KW - controls KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - carbon KW - hydrocarbons KW - carboxylic acids KW - proteins KW - geochemistry KW - crust KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1469625479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Behavior+of+carbon-bearing+fluids+at+nanoscale+interfaces&rft.au=Cole%2C+David+R%3BStriolo%2C+A%3BPhan%2C+A%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BMamontov%2C+E%3BOk%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=502&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2012 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-20 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - behavior; carbon; carboxylic acids; controls; crust; geochemistry; hydrocarbons; mantle; organic acids; organic compounds; phase transitions; porosity; processes; properties; proteins; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of mercury in sediment cores from the Y-12 National Security Complex in Oak Ridge, TN, USA AN - 1442372193; 2013-081102 AB - The Y-12 National Security Complex (Y-12 NSC), a Department of Energy facility in Oak Ridge, TN, USA, used 11 million kg of liquid mercury (Hg (super 0) ) between 1950 and 1963 for lithium isotope separation processes. Mercury released during this period still remains in soils, sediment, groundwater, and in and under buildings at the facility. Mercury speciation in sediment cores collected within Y-12 NSC was examined to understand the reactivity and mobility of the Hg and to provide information to help design of efficient remediation strategies. A combination of total Hg (HgT) analysis, gaseous Hg(0) headspace analysis and Hg sequential extractions was applied to obtain the speciation of Hg in soil cores. HgT concentrations in the soil ranged from 0.05 to 8400 mg/kg and the highest concentrations were associated with deposits of liquid Hg (super 0) . However, Hg was also found in the divalent state, Hg(II), likely as Hg-sulfide species and associated with organic matter in the solid phase. Groundwater appears to influence the concentration and speciation of Hg in the sediment. At depths below the groundwater table, where reducing conditions prevail, concentrations of Hg are higher than in the sediment zones above and solid phase Hg-sulfide species are the dominate Hg form in these environments. This suggests that the groundwater can be a source of Hg in the sediments. Using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy we found that the Hg (super 0) beads in the core samples were coated with mercury oxide, HgO. When added to water, Hg(0) beads containing these oxide coatings released 4 to 30 times more Hg relative to Hg(0) beads without the coating. The formation of HgO around the Hg (super 0) beads in-situ likely enhances the mobility of mercury since the solubility of HgO in water is greater than Hg (super 0) . The knowledge gained with regard to how mercury speciates in the contaminated soil sediments will help guide the development of effective remediation strategies since technologies can be tailored to specific Hg species. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Miller, Carrie L AU - Watson, David B AU - Howe, Jane AU - Lester, Brian AU - Phillips, Debra AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Pierce, Eric AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 408 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - pollutants KW - characterization KW - Y-12 National Security Complex KW - pollution KW - Oak Ridge Tennessee KW - X-ray spectra KW - cores KW - remediation KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - reactivity KW - metals KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - SEM data KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1442372193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+mercury+in+sediment+cores+from+the+Y-12+National+Security+Complex+in+Oak+Ridge%2C+TN%2C+USA&rft.au=Miller%2C+Carrie+L%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BHowe%2C+Jane%3BLester%2C+Brian%3BPhillips%2C+Debra%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BPierce%2C+Eric%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Carrie&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=408&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2012 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-17 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - characterization; cores; mercury; metals; Oak Ridge Tennessee; pollutants; pollution; reactivity; remediation; Roane County Tennessee; sediments; SEM data; spectra; Tennessee; United States; X-ray spectra; Y-12 National Security Complex ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does hydro-fracking affect local surface waters? A test for chemical signatures AN - 1438971057; 2013-075090 AB - Hydraulic fracturing ("hydro-fracking") is an increasingly common method of extracting natural gas from the geologic deposits of the Appalachian region. This method injects highly pressurized fluids into hydrocarbon-containing reservoir rocks in order to accelerate the extraction of hydrocarbons such as methane and petroleum compounds. Hydro-fracking is controversial because of its potential impact in the contamination of ground waters and surface waters. Several previous studies have raised concern that this is a problem. However, it is often difficult to conclusively prove that a particular hydro-fracking operation is in fact causing contamination. Hydro-fracking operations are widespread in several watersheds to the northwest of the University of Tennessee. In many cases, these watersheds are relatively pristine and still maintain a very rich aquatic biodiversity. This would include the South Fork of the Cumberland River, Clear Fork, the Clinch River and the Powell River. We examined the hypothesis that hydro-fracking operations can be detected in downstream surface waters using chemical analyses. If true, this could be a very useful tool as an environmental indicator to study the impact of these increasingly common operations. We took water samples from several areas downstream of hydro-fracking operations and analyzed them for traces of methane and other hydrocarbons, heavy metals including arsenic, biocides and detergents. Water samples were analyzed with gas chromatography, inductively coupled plasma and a field meter. Our findings are very tentative but they are suggestive of the possibility that a geochemical signature may in fact exist although much further work is required. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Corrier, Kristen Lee AU - Brown, Terri AU - McKinney, Michael L AU - Hren, Michael AU - Tschaplinski, Timothy J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 236 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Powell River KW - Clinch River KW - Clear Fork KW - natural gas KW - gas chromatograms KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - mass spectra KW - Appalachians KW - petroleum KW - reservoir rocks KW - Tennessee KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - Knox County Tennessee KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - North America KW - methane KW - Cumberland River KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - hydrochemistry KW - samples KW - ICP mass spectra KW - organic compounds KW - chromatograms KW - hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1438971057?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Does+hydro-fracking+affect+local+surface+waters%3F+A+test+for+chemical+signatures&rft.au=Corrier%2C+Kristen+Lee%3BBrown%2C+Terri%3BMcKinney%2C+Michael+L%3BHren%2C+Michael%3BTschaplinski%2C+Timothy+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Corrier&rft.aufirst=Kristen&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2012 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-03 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Appalachians; chromatograms; Clear Fork; Clinch River; Cumberland River; gas chromatograms; geochemistry; hydraulic fracturing; hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; ICP mass spectra; Knox County Tennessee; mass spectra; methane; natural gas; North America; organic compounds; petroleum; pollution; Powell River; reservoir rocks; samples; spectra; surface water; Tennessee; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled simulation of surface-subsurface hydrologic processes with the open-source flow and reactive transport code PFLOTRAN AN - 1438969224; 2013-075246 AB - Advances in subsurface biogeochemical research and advanced computing capabilities have enabled the development of sophisticated, three-dimensional groundwater models employing multiple fluid phases and chemical components, coupled through a suite of biological and geochemical reactions at multiple scales. Such tools have enabled incredibly detailed simulations of contaminant fate and transport, but significant challenges remain in applying them to locations such as the Department of Energy Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) in East Tennessee where strong interactions between surface and groundwater exist. For example, in Bear Creek valley in Oak Ridge, losing reaches of Bear Creek may deliver nutrients (e.g., labile organic carbon) that are the limiting reactant for microbial consumption of nitrate contamination in the groundwater, and gaining reaches deliver contaminants to surface water. Besides studies of environmental contaminants, the ability to capture coupled surface/subsurface hydrologic interactions is important in eco-hydro-climatological studies, where accurately modeling soil moisture is critical for capturing vegetation dynamics and soil moisture-rainfall feedbacks. To address such challenges, we have added a surface water component to PFLOTRAN. PFLOTRAN is an open-source (LGPL-licensed) code developed for simulation of multiscale, multiphase, multicomponent subsurface flow and reactive transport problems on machines ranging from laptops to leadership-class supercomputers. We have coupled the Richards equation treatment of the subsurface domain with shallow overland flow equations by enforcing continuity of pressure and flux at the ground surface. The underlying solver framework allows significant flexibility in how the governing equations are solved, and we will compare different surface flow formulations and strategies for coupling the surface and subsurface flow domains. We will also present some preliminary coupled surface-subsurface simulations at the ORR, where explicit treatment of overland flow could further improve understanding of the influence of heavy precipitation events on contaminant transport. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Mills, Richard Tran AU - Bisht, Gautam AU - Hammond, Glenn E AU - Lichtner, Peter AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Watson, David B AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 262 EP - 263 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - processes KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hydrology KW - PFLOTRAN KW - three-dimensional models KW - biochemistry KW - eastern Tennessee KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - equations KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - Bear Creek valley KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - Richards equation KW - Tennessee KW - nitrate ion KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1438969224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Coupled+simulation+of+surface-subsurface+hydrologic+processes+with+the+open-source+flow+and+reactive+transport+code+PFLOTRAN&rft.au=Mills%2C+Richard+Tran%3BBisht%2C+Gautam%3BHammond%2C+Glenn+E%3BLichtner%2C+Peter%3BKumar%2C+Jitendra%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2012 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-03 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bear Creek valley; biochemistry; chemical reactions; eastern Tennessee; equations; ground water; hydrology; nitrate ion; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; PFLOTRAN; pollution; processes; Richards equation; Roane County Tennessee; simulation; surface water; Tennessee; three-dimensional models; transport; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors influencing sediment methylmercury concentrations in a mercury contaminated creek AN - 1434006319; 2013-073240 AB - East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC) in Oak Ridge, TN, originating within the Y-12 National Security Complex (Y-12), has elevated mercury concentrations as a result of historical Hg use at Y-12. Streamwater total mercury (HgT) concentrations decrease downstream but methylmercury (MeHg), produced in-situ by microorganisms, increases downstream. To evaluate processes controlling the concentration of MeHg in this system, sediment cores were collected quarterly at two locations 17 km apart in EFPC between October 2010 and August 2012. MeHg sediment concentrations are most strongly correlated with organic carbon content, confirming the known influence of carbon in the production and storage of MeHg. Significant correlations (p< 0.001) were observed between MeHg and HgT, Fe(II) and reduced inorganic sulfide. Methylation and demethylation potentials were determined in sediment cores beginning in August 2011. Strong correlations (p< 0.001) exist between methylation potentials and ambient MeHg concentrations at both sampling locations, suggesting that sediment MeHg is partially due to an active MeHg production. Demethylation potentials were not correlated with ambient MeHg concentrations but average demethylation potentials were significantly higher at the upstream sampling location. Sediment cores were also collected from an ephemeral stream running through the EFPC floodplain and these cores were collected even when the stream was stagnant or dry. In core samples collected in October 2011 and January 2012, high concentration of MeHg were measured but methylation potentials were low indicating MeHg must be accumulating (e.g. not exported to the stream). In April 2012 MeHg concentrations were lower but methylation potentials were higher suggesting that MeHg had been transported out of the floodplain soils. Within the ephemeral stream, seasonally driven differences in temperature and water accumulation appear to strongly influence the cycling of MeHg. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Miller, Carrie L AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Riscassi, Ami L AU - Kocman, David AU - Yin, Xiangping AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 209 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - methylation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - organo-metallics KW - Oak Ridge Tennessee KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - East Fork Poplar Creek KW - methylmercury KW - sampling KW - metals KW - Tennessee KW - water pollution KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434006319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Factors+influencing+sediment+methylmercury+concentrations+in+a+mercury+contaminated+creek&rft.au=Miller%2C+Carrie+L%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BRiscassi%2C+Ami+L%3BKocman%2C+David%3BYin%2C+Xiangping%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Carrie&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2012 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - East Fork Poplar Creek; mercury; metals; methylation; methylmercury; Oak Ridge Tennessee; organo-metallics; pollutants; pollution; Roane County Tennessee; sampling; Tennessee; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO (sub 2) sorption to ALALOH, ALMGOH and interlayer sites in Na-rich montmorillonite at CCS P-T conditions AN - 1429837647; 2013-067197 AB - Carbon capture and storage (CCS) in confined sedimentary formations has the potential to reduce the impact of fossil fuel combustion by storing CO (sub 2) in perpetuity. At PT conditions relevant to CCS, CO (sub 2) is less dense than the pre-existing brine the more buoyant CO (sub 2) will migrate to the top of the formation to be in contact with cap rock. Shale cap rocks are typically clay-rich and interactions between shales and CO (sub 2) is poorly understood at relevant PT conditions. In this study we use Na-rich montmorillonite (mont) as an analog for clay-rich shale. We use neutron diffraction, excess sorption and Attenuated Total Reflectance - Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR -FTIR) analyses of mont at 35 degrees C and 50 degrees C and from 0-200 bars to examine CO (sub 2) interactions with mont under conditions relevant to CCS. Excess sorption isotherms, determined gravimetrically, provide an understanding of changes in the density of CO (sub 2) near the mineral surface. Maxima in the excess sorption isotherms were observed at a bulk density nearly equal 0.15 g/cm (super 3) and pressures of 58 bars (35 degrees C) and 64 bars (50 degrees C). Above this maxima, as the bulk density of the CO (sub 2) increases, the amount of CO (sub 2) sorbed to the clay decreases. Neutron diffraction measurements reveal a shift in the d(001) spacing from 12.10 Aa to 12.55 Aa and a decrease in the intensity of the d(001) peak, both of which are consistent with CO (sub 2) entering the interlayer region of the clay. The same clay sample was studied using ATR-FTIR to identify the crystallographic sites on which CO (sub 2) interacts with mont. Measurements were conducted on both hydrated and dried mont from 1-82 bars at 35 degrees and 50 degrees C. ATR-FTIR data show that the asymmetric stretch and bending mode of sorbed CO (sub 2) is modified by the presence of interlayer water, but the absorption bands representing adsorbed water (3564 and 2975 cm (super -1) ) are not affected by the presence of CO (sub 2) . Analysis of the data indicates that CO (sub 2) adsorbs in the interlayer space and potentially sorbs onto the edges of octahedral sheets of the mont structure, depending on hydration state. The rheological properties of the caprock are likely to be affected by CO (sub 2) - mont interactions, but further work is needed to determine if seal quality is more likely to be degraded or enhanced by this interaction. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Krukowski, Elizabeth G AU - Goodman, Angela AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Ilton, Eugene S AU - Bodnar, Robert J AU - Guthrie, George AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 108 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - silicates KW - soil mechanics KW - sorption KW - carbon sequestration KW - sheet silicates KW - P-T conditions KW - montmorillonite KW - clay minerals KW - carbon dioxide KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429837647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=CO+%28sub+2%29+sorption+to+ALALOH%2C+ALMGOH+and+interlayer+sites+in+Na-rich+montmorillonite+at+CCS+P-T+conditions&rft.au=Krukowski%2C+Elizabeth+G%3BGoodman%2C+Angela%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BIlton%2C+Eugene+S%3BBodnar%2C+Robert+J%3BGuthrie%2C+George%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Krukowski&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2012 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clay minerals; montmorillonite; P-T conditions; sheet silicates; silicates; soil mechanics; sorption ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using high-frequency in-situ optical sensors to understand seasonal and event-driven variability in mercury transport and transformations in a heavily contaminated creek AN - 1420515199; 2013-064854 AB - Historic activity within the Y-12 National Security Complex (Y-12 NSC) resulted in the release of large amounts (peak of 30,000 kg/year) of Hg into East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC) in Oak Ridge, TN and subsequently into the adjacent floodplain sediments during high-flow events. Currently, EFPC receives inorganic Hg directly from a pipe outfall at its headwaters in the Y-12 NSC, though at considerably lower levels (2-3 kg/year). Recent characterization of creek water during baseflow conditions identified a downstream pattern of decreasing inorganic Hg and increasing methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations, with the source and controls on mercury methylation currently being examined. In March 2012, in-situ sensors to measure turbidity, fluorescing chromophoric dissolved organic matter (FDOM) and other basic water quality parameters were installed at a field site approximately 21 km downstream from creek headwaters. Sonde data are being coupled with monthly seasonal and high-frequency storm sampling to investigate relationships between optical parameters, particulate and dissolved organic carbon and Hg and MeHg concentrations. Capturing variability in these parameters with changes in hydrologic connectivity between the creek and surrounding floodplains, which contain contaminated sediments, may help elucidate origins of MeHg contributions to the stream. A storm event sampled bi-hourly on March 24, 2012 (discharge increased from 70 to 900 cfs) demonstrated order of magnitude increases in particulate Hg (from approximately 30 to approximately 5,000 ng/L) and MeHg (from approximately 0.2 to approximately 4 ng/L) and both had strong correlations with particulate organic carbon (r (super 2) = 0.99 and 0.97, respectively). Turbidity also had strong correlations with the particulate fractions of Hg and MeHg during the event, showing promise for its use as a viable proxy during high-flow periods when Hg concentrations are not measured. Dissolved Hg concentrations also increased during the event, though not as dramatically (from approximately 8 to 45 ng/L) and were significantly correlated with DOC (r (super 2) = 0.74). Unlike DOC, dissolved MeHg did not increase during the event, but remained stable. Preliminary comparisons of seasonal patterns of dissolved and particulate Hg with FDOM and turbidity will also be addressed within this presentation. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Riscassi, Ami L AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Miller, Carrie L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - November 2012 SP - 81 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - technology KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - transport KW - metals KW - Tennessee KW - East Fork Popular Creek KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - water pollution KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1420515199?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Using+high-frequency+in-situ+optical+sensors+to+understand+seasonal+and+event-driven+variability+in+mercury+transport+and+transformations+in+a+heavily+contaminated+creek&rft.au=Riscassi%2C+Ami+L%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BMiller%2C+Carrie+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Riscassi&rft.aufirst=Ami&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2012 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-17 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anderson County Tennessee; East Fork Popular Creek; mercury; metals; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; Roane County Tennessee; technology; Tennessee; transport; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Host genetic and environmental effects on mouse intestinal microbiota AN - 1221144353; 17282276 AB - The mammalian gut harbors complex and variable microbial communities, across both host phylogenetic space and conspecific individuals. A synergy of host genetic and environmental factors shape these communities and account for their variability, but their individual contributions and the selective pressures involved are still not well understood. We employed barcoded pyrosequencing of V1-2 and V4 regions of bacterial small subunit ribosomal RNA genes to characterize the effects of host genetics and environment on cecum assemblages in 10 genetically distinct, inbred mouse strains. Eight of these strains are the foundation of the Collaborative Cross (CC), a panel of mice derived from a genetically diverse set of inbred founder strains, designed specifically for complex trait analysis. Diversity of gut microbiota was characterized by complementing phylogenetic and distance-based, sequence-clustering approaches. Significant correlations were found between the mouse strains and their gut microbiota, reflected by distinct bacterial communities. Cohabitation and litter had a reduced, although detectable effect, and the microbiota response to these factors varied by strain. We identified bacterial phylotypes that appear to be discriminative and strain-specific to each mouse line used. Cohabitation of different strains of mice revealed an interaction of host genetic and environmental factors in shaping gut bacterial consortia, in which bacterial communities became more similar but retained strain specificity. This study provides a baseline analysis of intestinal bacterial communities in the eight CC progenitor strains and will be linked to integrated host genotype, phenotype and microbiota research on the resulting CC panel. JF - ISME Journal AU - Campbell, James H AU - Foster, Carmen M AU - Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana AU - Campbell, Alisha G AU - Yang, Zamin K AU - Wymore, Ann AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Chesler, Elissa J AU - Podar, Mircea AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DA - Nov 2012 SP - 2033 EP - 2044 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 11 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Cecum KW - Conspecifics KW - Digestive tract KW - Environmental effects KW - Environmental factors KW - Genotypes KW - Inbreeding KW - Intestinal microflora KW - Intestine KW - Litter KW - Phylogeny KW - Stem cells KW - rRNA KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1221144353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISME+Journal&rft.atitle=Host+genetic+and+environmental+effects+on+mouse+intestinal+microbiota&rft.au=Campbell%2C+James+H%3BFoster%2C+Carmen+M%3BVishnivetskaya%2C+Tatiana%3BCampbell%2C+Alisha+G%3BYang%2C+Zamin+K%3BWymore%2C+Ann%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BChesler%2C+Elissa+J%3BPodar%2C+Mircea&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2033&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2012.54 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Litter; Genotypes; Environmental factors; rRNA; Intestinal microflora; Stem cells; Digestive tract; Conspecifics; Intestine; Environmental effects; Cecum; Inbreeding DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2012.54 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS) Investigation of Porous Monolithic Carbons From Phenolic Precursor T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313122173; 6167796 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Saha, Dipendu AU - Payzant, Andrew AU - Naskar, Amit Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - phenolic compounds KW - Carbon KW - X-ray scattering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313122173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Small-Angle+X-Ray+Scattering+%28SAXS%29+Investigation+of+Porous+Monolithic+Carbons+From+Phenolic+Precursor&rft.au=Saha%2C+Dipendu%3BPayzant%2C+Andrew%3BNaskar%2C+Amit&rft.aulast=Saha&rft.aufirst=Dipendu&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Plant-Level Modeling and Simulation of Fuel Recycling Processes: Commonality and Integration T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313121404; 6166756 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - de Almeida, Valmor Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Recycling KW - Waste management KW - Simulation KW - Fuels KW - Integration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313121404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Plant-Level+Modeling+and+Simulation+of+Fuel+Recycling+Processes%3A+Commonality+and+Integration&rft.au=de+Almeida%2C+Valmor&rft.aulast=de+Almeida&rft.aufirst=Valmor&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Aqueous Carbon Dioxide Environments Under Silica Nano Confinement T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313120711; 6169719 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Chialvo, Ariel AU - Vlcek, Lukas AU - Cole, David Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Silica KW - Carbon dioxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313120711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Aqueous+Carbon+Dioxide+Environments+Under+Silica+Nano+Confinement&rft.au=Chialvo%2C+Ariel%3BVlcek%2C+Lukas%3BCole%2C+David&rft.aulast=Chialvo&rft.aufirst=Ariel&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Self-Assembly of Polystyrene-Polyisoprene STAR Copolymers T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313112592; 6170483 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Hinestrosa, Juan AU - Kilbey, S AU - Messman, Jamie Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Self-assembly KW - Copolymers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313112592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Self-Assembly+of+Polystyrene-Polyisoprene+STAR+Copolymers&rft.au=Hinestrosa%2C+Juan%3BKilbey%2C+S%3BMessman%2C+Jamie&rft.aulast=Hinestrosa&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Oxygen Vacancy-Promoted Formation of Enolate Species On Reduced CeO2-x(111) Surfaces T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313112190; 6167933 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Xu, Ye AU - Calaza, Florencia AU - Mullins, David AU - Overbury, Steven Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Oxygen UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313112190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Oxygen+Vacancy-Promoted+Formation+of+Enolate+Species+On+Reduced+CeO2-x%28111%29+Surfaces&rft.au=Xu%2C+Ye%3BCalaza%2C+Florencia%3BMullins%2C+David%3BOverbury%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Ye&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterization of the Interactions of Cellulose, Hemicellulose, and Lignin During Pretreatment Through the Use of Flowthrough Pretreatment T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313108439; 6166750 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - McKenzie, Heather AU - DeMartini, Jaclyn AU - Engle, Nancy AU - Foston, Marcus AU - Pattathil, Sivakumar AU - Tomkins, Bruce AU - Hahn, Michael AU - Ragauskas, Arthur AU - Tschaplinski, Timothy AU - Van Berkel, Gary AU - Wyman, Charles Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Cellulose KW - hemicellulose KW - Lignin UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313108439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+Interactions+of+Cellulose%2C+Hemicellulose%2C+and+Lignin+During+Pretreatment+Through+the+Use+of+Flowthrough+Pretreatment&rft.au=McKenzie%2C+Heather%3BDeMartini%2C+Jaclyn%3BEngle%2C+Nancy%3BFoston%2C+Marcus%3BPattathil%2C+Sivakumar%3BTomkins%2C+Bruce%3BHahn%2C+Michael%3BRagauskas%2C+Arthur%3BTschaplinski%2C+Timothy%3BVan+Berkel%2C+Gary%3BWyman%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=McKenzie&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Testing of Amidoxime-Based Adsorbent for the Recovery of Uranium From Seawater T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313107267; 6168240 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Tsouris, Costas AU - Kim, Jungseung AU - Oyola, Yatsandra AU - Mayes, Richard AU - Janke, Christopher AU - Dai, Sheng Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Adsorption KW - Seawater KW - Uranium KW - Marine environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313107267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Testing+of+Amidoxime-Based+Adsorbent+for+the+Recovery+of+Uranium+From+Seawater&rft.au=Tsouris%2C+Costas%3BKim%2C+Jungseung%3BOyola%2C+Yatsandra%3BMayes%2C+Richard%3BJanke%2C+Christopher%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Tsouris&rft.aufirst=Costas&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Integrated Experimental and Computational Studies of Energy-Relevant Interfaces T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313104856; 6166915 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Cummings, Peter Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313104856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Integrated+Experimental+and+Computational+Studies+of+Energy-Relevant+Interfaces&rft.au=Cummings%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Electrode Designs Incorporating Low Cost Carbon Fibers to Eliminate Inactive Components in Lithium Ion Battery Anodes T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313094267; 6169997 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Tenhaeff, Wyatt AU - Rios, Orlando Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Lithium KW - Electrodes KW - Batteries KW - Anodes KW - Carbon KW - Fibers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313094267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Electrode+Designs+Incorporating+Low+Cost+Carbon+Fibers+to+Eliminate+Inactive+Components+in+Lithium+Ion+Battery+Anodes&rft.au=Tenhaeff%2C+Wyatt%3BRios%2C+Orlando&rft.aulast=Tenhaeff&rft.aufirst=Wyatt&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Role of a Transformed National Defense Stockpile in U.S. Strategic Materials Security T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313081781; 6168189 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Lowden, Richard Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - USA KW - Security UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313081781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+a+Transformed+National+Defense+Stockpile+in+U.S.+Strategic+Materials+Security&rft.au=Lowden%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Lowden&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Electrosorption of Ions by Mesoporous Carbon Materials T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313079505; 6167782 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Tsouris, Costas AU - Sharma, Ketki AU - Yiacoumi, Sotira AU - Gabitto, Jorge AU - Mayes, Richard AU - Kiggans, Jim AU - DePaoli, David AU - Dai, Sheng Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Ions KW - Carbon UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313079505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Electrosorption+of+Ions+by+Mesoporous+Carbon+Materials&rft.au=Herman%2C+Tom&rft.aulast=Herman&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.date=2011-12-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Quantum Dot Nanocrystals for Efficient Solid-State Lighting T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313078472; 6166967 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Hu, Michael Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Lighting KW - Crystals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313078472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Quantum+Dot+Nanocrystals+for+Efficient+Solid-State+Lighting&rft.au=Hu%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Metallic Based Aqueous Amine Membranes for the Separation of Carbon Dioxide From Fossil Fuel Flue Gas T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313072349; 6168382 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Bischoff, Brian AU - Powell, Lawrence Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Flue gas KW - Fossil fuels KW - Membranes KW - Amines KW - Carbon dioxide KW - amines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313072349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Metallic+Based+Aqueous+Amine+Membranes+for+the+Separation+of+Carbon+Dioxide+From+Fossil+Fuel+Flue+Gas&rft.au=Bischoff%2C+Brian%3BPowell%2C+Lawrence&rft.aulast=Bischoff&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - NOx Reduction and Ammonia Generation Over Three-Way Catalysts and LNTs for Use in Lean Gasoline Vehicles Equipped with SCR T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313043849; 6167486 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Toops, Todd AU - Digiulio, Chris AU - Parks, James AU - Pihl, Josh AU - Amiridis, Michael Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Catalysts KW - Ammonia KW - Air pollution control KW - Gasoline KW - Nitrogen compounds KW - Oxides UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313043849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=NOx+Reduction+and+Ammonia+Generation+Over+Three-Way+Catalysts+and+LNTs+for+Use+in+Lean+Gasoline+Vehicles+Equipped+with+SCR&rft.au=Toops%2C+Todd%3BDigiulio%2C+Chris%3BParks%2C+James%3BPihl%2C+Josh%3BAmiridis%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Toops&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Water Under Extreme Graphene Confinement: Surface Corrugation Effects On the Wet-Dry Transition T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313027463; 6168560 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Chialvo, Ariel AU - Vlcek, Lukas AU - Cummings, Peter Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Chemical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313027463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.atitle=The+Benefits+of+Intrafamily+Loans&rft.au=Tergesen%2C+Anne&rft.aulast=Tergesen&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2011-12-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development of Force Field for Salts and Their Aqueous Solutions T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313020110; 6169457 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Vlcek, Lukas AU - Chialvo, Ariel AU - Simonson, John Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Salts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313020110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Development+of+Force+Field+for+Salts+and+Their+Aqueous+Solutions&rft.au=Vlcek%2C+Lukas%3BChialvo%2C+Ariel%3BSimonson%2C+John&rft.aulast=Vlcek&rft.aufirst=Lukas&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Plausible Implications of Hemicellulose Precipitation On Cellulose Digestibility for Hydrothermal and Low Severity Dilute Acid Pretreatments of Cellulosic Biomass T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313019488; 6166078 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Kumar, Rajeev AU - Wyman, Charles Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Cellulose KW - Biomass KW - Digestibility KW - hemicellulose KW - Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313019488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Plausible+Implications+of+Hemicellulose+Precipitation+On+Cellulose+Digestibility+for+Hydrothermal+and+Low+Severity+Dilute+Acid+Pretreatments+of+Cellulosic+Biomass&rft.au=Kumar%2C+Rajeev%3BWyman%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Rajeev&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Roundtable Discussion On Critical Materials Supply Chain and Sustainability T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313014457; 6168192 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Robinson, Sharon Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Sustainability KW - Resource management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313014457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.atitle=Roundtable+Discussion+On+Critical+Materials+Supply+Chain+and+Sustainability&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Sharon&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.date=2012-10-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Factors Affecting the Catalytic Activation of the Carboxylate C-O-C Bond T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AN - 1313009474; 6170392 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2012) AU - Xu, Ye AU - Xu, Lijun Y1 - 2012/10/28/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 28 KW - Chemical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313009474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.atitle=Tools+to+Help+You+Sift+Through+All+Those+ETFs&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2011-12-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2012/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface speciation of yttrium and neodymium sorbed on rutile; interpretations using the charge distribution model AN - 1244676408; 2013-008475 AB - The adsorption of Y (super 3+) and Nd (super 3+) onto rutile has been evaluated over a wide range of pH (3-11) and surface loading conditions, as well as at two ionic strengths (0.03 and 0.3m), and temperatures (25 and 50 degrees C). The experimental results reveal the same adsorption behavior for the two trivalent ions onto the rutile surface, with Nd (super 3+) first adsorbing at slightly lower pH values. The adsorption of both Y (super 3+) and Nd (super 3+) commences at pH values below the pH (sub znpc) of rutile. The experimental results were evaluated using a charge distribution (CD) and multisite complexation (MUSIC) model, and Basic Stern layer description of the electric double layer (EDL). The coordination geometry of possible surface complexes were constrained by molecular-level information obtained from X-ray standing wave measurements and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation studies. X-ray standing wave measurements showed an inner-sphere tetradentate complex for Y (super 3+) adsorption onto the (110) rutile surface (Zhang et al., 2004b). The MD simulation studies suggest additional bidentate complexes may form. The CD values for all surface species were calculated based on a bond valence interpretation of the surface complexes identified by X-ray and MD. The calculated CD values were corrected for the effect of dipole orientation of interfacial water. At low pH, the tetradentate complex provided excellent fits to the Y (super 3+) and Nd (super 3+) experimental data. The experimental and surface complexation modeling results show a strong pH dependence, and suggest that the tetradentate surface species hydrolyze with increasing pH. Furthermore, with increased surface loading of Y (super 3+) on rutile the tetradentate binding mode was augmented by a hydrolyzed-bidentate Y (super 3+) surface complex. Collectively, the experimental and surface complexation modeling results demonstrate that solution chemistry and surface loading impacts Y (super 3+) surface speciation. The approach taken of incorporating molecular-scale information into surface complexation models (SCMs) should aid in elucidating a fundamental understating of ion-adsorption reactions. Abstract Copyright (2012) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Hiemstra, Tjisse AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - van Riemsdijk, Willem H Y1 - 2012/10/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 15 SP - 227 EP - 240 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 95 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - surface properties KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - complexing KW - adsorption KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - models KW - X-ray data KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - rutile KW - oxides KW - valency KW - rare earths KW - neodymium KW - crystal chemistry KW - chemical composition KW - pH KW - yttrium KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1244676408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Surface+speciation+of+yttrium+and+neodymium+sorbed+on+rutile%3B+interpretations+using+the+charge+distribution+model&rft.au=Ridley%2C+Moira+K%3BHiemstra%2C+Tjisse%3BMachesky%2C+Michael+L%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3Bvan+Riemsdijk%2C+Willem+H&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft.date=2012-10-15&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2012.07.033 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-27 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; chemical composition; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; complexing; crystal chemistry; experimental studies; metals; models; neodymium; oxides; pH; rare earths; rutile; simulation; sorption; surface properties; temperature; valency; X-ray data; yttrium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.07.033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diffusive release of uranium from contaminated sediments into capillary fringe pore water AN - 1769967146; 2016-019330 AB - Despite remediation efforts at the former nuclear weapons facility, leaching of uranium (U) from contaminated sediments to the ground water persists at the Hanford site 300 Area. Flooding of contaminated capillary fringe sediments due to seasonal changes in the Columbia River stage has been identified as a source for U supply to ground water. We investigated U release from Hanford capillary fringe sediments by packing sediments into reservoirs of centrifugal filter devices and saturating them with Columbia River water for 3 to 84 days at varying solution-to-solid ratios. After specified times, samples were centrifuged. Within the first three days, there was an initial rapid release of 6-9% of total U, independent of the solution-to-solid ratio. After 14 days of reaction, however, the experiments with the narrowest solution-to-solid ratios showed a decline in dissolved U concentrations. The removal of U from the solution phase was accompanied by removal of Ca and HCO (sub 3) (super -) . Geochemical modeling indicated that calcite could precipitate in the narrowest solution-to-solid ratio experiment. After the rapid initial release in the first three days for the wide solution-to-solid ratio experiments, there was sustained release of U into the pore water. This sustained release of U from the sediments had diffusion-limited kinetics. Abstract Copyright (2012) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Rod, Kenton A AU - Wellman, Dawn M AU - Flury, Markus AU - Pierce, Eric M AU - Harsh, James B Y1 - 2012/10// PY - 2012 DA - October 2012 SP - 164 EP - 172 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 140-141 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - reservoir rocks KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - sediments KW - floods KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - kinetics KW - water supply KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - Columbia River KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - capillary water KW - aquifers KW - ICP mass spectra KW - ion chromatograms KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - chromatograms KW - mathematical methods KW - reservoir properties KW - nuclear facilities KW - uranium KW - leaching KW - water resources KW - actinides KW - unconfined aquifers KW - pore water KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769967146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Diffusive+release+of+uranium+from+contaminated+sediments+into+capillary+fringe+pore+water&rft.au=Rod%2C+Kenton+A%3BWellman%2C+Dawn+M%3BFlury%2C+Markus%3BPierce%2C+Eric+M%3BHarsh%2C+James+B&rft.aulast=Rod&rft.aufirst=Kenton&rft.date=2012-10-01&rft.volume=140-141&rft.issue=&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2012.09.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; capillary water; chemical reactions; chromatograms; Columbia River; diffusion; experimental studies; floods; ground water; Hanford Site; ICP mass spectra; ion chromatograms; isotopes; kinetics; leaching; mass spectra; mathematical methods; metals; nuclear facilities; pollutants; pollution; pore water; radioactive isotopes; remediation; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sediments; soil pollution; spectra; unconfined aquifers; United States; uranium; Washington; water pollution; water resources; water supply; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2012.09.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore size distribution and accessible pore size distribution in bituminous coals AN - 1312834705; 2013-020577 AB - The porosity and pore size distribution of coals determine many of their properties, from gas release to their behavior on carbonization, and yet most methods of determining pore size distribution can only examine a restricted size range. Even then, only accessible pores can be investigated with these methods. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and ultra small-angle neutron scattering (USANS) are increasingly used to characterize the size distribution of all of the pores non-destructively. Here we have used USANS/SANS to examine 24 well-characterized bituminous and subbituminous coals: three from the eastern US, two from Poland, one from New Zealand and the rest from the Sydney and Bowen Basins in Eastern Australia, and determined the relationships of the scattering intensity corresponding to different pore sizes with other coal properties. The range of pore radii examinable with these techniques is 2.5nm to 7mu m. We confirm that there is a wide range of pore sizes in coal. The pore size distribution was found to be strongly affected by both rank and type (expressed as either hydrogen or vitrinite content) in the size range 250nm to 7mu m and 5 to 10nm, but weakly in intermediate regions. The results suggest that different mechanisms control coal porosity on different scales. Contrast-matching USANS and SANS were also used to determine the size distribution of the fraction of the pores in these coals that are inaccessible to deuterated methane, CD (sub 4) , at ambient temperature. In some coals most of the small ( approximately 10nm) pores were found to be inaccessible to CD (sub 4) on the time scale of the measurement ( approximately 30min-16h). This inaccessibility suggests that in these coals a considerable fraction of inherent methane may be trapped for extended periods of time, thus reducing the effectiveness of methane release from (or sorption by) these coals. Although the number of small pores was less in higher rank coals, the fraction of total pores that was inaccessible was not rank dependent. In the Australian coals, at the 10nm to 50nm size scales the pores in inertinites appeared to be completely accessible to CD (sub 4) , whereas the pores in the vitrinite were about 75% inaccessible. Unlike the results for total porosity that showed no regional effects on relationships between porosity and coal properties, clear regional differences in the relationships between fraction of closed porosity and coal properties were found. The 10 to 50nm-sized pores of inertinites of the US and Polish coals examined appeared less accessible to methane than those of the inertinites of Australian coals. This difference in pore accessibility in inertinites may explain why empirical relationships between fluidity and coking properties developed using Carboniferous coals do not apply to Australian coals. Abstract Copyright (2012) Elsevier, B.V. JF - International Journal of Coal Geology AU - Sakurovs, Richard AU - He, Lilin AU - Melnichenko, Yuri B AU - Radlinski, Andrzej P AU - Blach, Tomas AU - Lemmel, Hartmut AU - Mildner, David F R Y1 - 2012/10/01/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Oct 01 SP - 51 EP - 64 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 100 SN - 0166-5162, 0166-5162 KW - United States KW - neutron methods KW - Bowen Basin KW - vitrinite KW - natural gas KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - inertinite KW - petroleum KW - Europe KW - coal fields KW - bituminous coal KW - size distribution KW - sedimentary rocks KW - coal KW - Central Europe KW - macerals KW - Australia KW - methane KW - Australasia KW - textures KW - Paleozoic KW - Carboniferous KW - Eastern U.S. KW - alkanes KW - porosity KW - organic compounds KW - Poland KW - hydrocarbons KW - coalbed methane KW - Sydney Basin KW - New Zealand KW - coal deposits KW - 06B:Petrology of coal UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312834705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Coal+Geology&rft.atitle=Pore+size+distribution+and+accessible+pore+size+distribution+in+bituminous+coals&rft.au=Sakurovs%2C+Richard%3BHe%2C+Lilin%3BMelnichenko%2C+Yuri+B%3BRadlinski%2C+Andrzej+P%3BBlach%2C+Tomas%3BLemmel%2C+Hartmut%3BMildner%2C+David+F+R&rft.aulast=Sakurovs&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2012-10-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Coal+Geology&rft.issn=01665162&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.coal.2012.06.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01665162 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Australasia; Australia; bituminous coal; Bowen Basin; Carboniferous; Central Europe; coal; coal deposits; coal fields; coalbed methane; Eastern U.S.; Europe; hydrocarbons; inertinite; macerals; methane; natural gas; neutron methods; New Zealand; organic compounds; Paleozoic; petroleum; Poland; porosity; sedimentary rocks; size distribution; Sydney Basin; textures; United States; vitrinite DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2012.06.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combined inelastic neutron scattering and solid-state DFT study of dynamics of hydrogen atoms in trioctahedral 1M phlogopite AN - 1220564707; 2013-002152 AB - Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) was used to study the vibrational dynamics of the hydrogen atoms in natural trioctahedral phlogopite, K (sub 0.93) Na (sub 0.03) (Mg (sub 2.47) Fe (sub 0.22) Al (sub 0.16) Fe (sub 0.04) Tl (sub 0.06) )[Si (sub 2 .84) Al (sub 1.16) ]O (sub 10) OH (sub 1.71) F (sub 0.28) Cl (sub 0.01) , within the 50-1,000 cm (super -1) energy range. The INS spectra collected using direct geometry spectrometer SEQUOIA (ORNL) were interpreted by means of the solid-state DFT calculations covering both normal mode analysis and molecular dynamics. To optimize the structure and to calculate the vibrational modes under harmonic approximation, both a hybrid PBE0 and the AM05 functional were used, while the molecular dynamics calculations (60 ps/1 fs) were performed only with the computationally less-demanding AM05 functional. The main contributions to the dominant band within approximately 750-550 cm (super -1) are symmetric and antisymmetric Mg-O-H bending modes, overlapping with the skeletal stretching and bending modes causing weaker secondary movements of H atoms of inner hydroxyl groups. Signatures of the Mg-O-H bending modes appear down to approximately 400 cm (super -1) , where a region of octahedra deformation modes starts. These deformations cause just shallow movements of the hydrogen atoms and are mirrored by the modes with close vibrational energies. The region from approximately 330 cm (super -1) down to the low-energy end of the spectrum portrays induced vibrations of the H atoms caused by deformation of individual polyhedra, translational vibrations of the parts of the 2:1 layer relative one to another, and librational and translational vibrations of the layer. The main difference between the INS spectrum of dioctahedral Al-muscovite and trioctahedral Mg-phlogopite is that the Mg-O-H modes are all assigned to in-plane vibrations of the respective hydrogen atoms. Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag JF - Physics and Chemistry of Minerals AU - Smrcok, L'ubomir AU - Kolesnikov, Alexander I AU - Rieder, Milan Y1 - 2012/10// PY - 2012 DA - October 2012 SP - 779 EP - 787 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin - New York VL - 39 IS - 9 SN - 0342-1791, 0342-1791 KW - silicates KW - density functional theory KW - octahedra KW - bonding KW - inelastic neutron scattering KW - polyhedra KW - mica group KW - hydrogen KW - vibration KW - sheet silicates KW - molecular dynamics KW - phlogopite KW - crystal chemistry KW - chemical composition KW - energy KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1220564707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.atitle=Combined+inelastic+neutron+scattering+and+solid-state+DFT+study+of+dynamics+of+hydrogen+atoms+in+trioctahedral+1M+phlogopite&rft.au=Smrcok%2C+L%27ubomir%3BKolesnikov%2C+Alexander+I%3BRieder%2C+Milan&rft.aulast=Smrcok&rft.aufirst=L%27ubomir&rft.date=2012-10-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=779&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100449/?p=e597e977f1914094b3810f7e67f0a453&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - PCMIDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; chemical composition; crystal chemistry; density functional theory; energy; hydrogen; inelastic neutron scattering; mica group; molecular dynamics; octahedra; phlogopite; polyhedra; sheet silicates; silicates; vibration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-012-0532-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term solid-phase fate of co-precipitated U(VI)-Fe(III) following biological iron reduction by Thermoanaerobacter AN - 1220563015; 2013-001129 AB - The texture and mineralogy of solid phases resulting from biogeochemical metal reduction of U(VI)-FeOOH slurries was investigated over a period of four years. Solid-phase reaction products were analyzed with EXAFS, TEM, and XRD following fermentative reduction of uranium-loaded ferric hydroxide precursors with 0.01 and 0.05 cation mole fraction (CMF) U by cultures of Thermoanaerobacter sp. strain TOR-39. Only minor changes could be distinguished between 3 and 51 months for most slurries. Magnetite, goethite, uraninite, and minor akaganeite were present after 3 months at both U-CMFs. Akaganeite was not detected by XRD after 3 months, but was still observed by TEM after 50 months. Increasing uranium in the starting slurries led to a greater proportion of oxidized iron in the solid-phase products. Euhedral goethite and subhedral to euhedral magnetite were observed at all times. Uraninite was observed in clusters of <10 nm particles without any particular relationship to the iron minerals. HRTEM imaging indicated that even the smallest uraninite particles were well crystallized, with textures that remained consistent throughout the duration of experiments. X-ray absorption spectra after 3 months indicated 100% and 96.4% U(IV) in 0.01 and 0.05 CMF U slurries, respectively. EXAFS spectra were consistent with uraninite at both uranium levels, plus additional non-uraninite U(IV) for 0.05 CMF U. One 0.05 CMF U culture slurry was found to have a lower pH and a more oxidized final iron mineral assemblage; in this case uraninite was not observed by XRD, but large (101 nm average diameter) rounded uraninite grains were observed by TEM. These grains were observed in chains or aggregates often connected by necks, in textures suggestive of biological influence. HRTEM demonstrated each grain was composed of poorly oriented, primary, 2-5 nm uraninite crystallites. Uraninite crystal growth occurred by nanoparticle aggregation, but ripening was not observed even though incubation temperatures were held at 65 degrees C for 20 days. Thus, previous studies of biogenic nanoparticulate uraninite short-term reactivity are likely to be representative of systems aged over a period of years. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Madden, Andrew S AU - Swindle, Andrew L AU - Beazley, Melanie J AU - Moon, Ji-Won AU - Ravel, Bruce AU - Phelps, Tommy J Y1 - 2012/10// PY - 2012 DA - October 2012 SP - 1641 EP - 1652 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 97 IS - 10 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - crystal form KW - goethite KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - iron KW - laboratory studies KW - akaganeite KW - oxides KW - valency KW - reduction KW - experimental studies KW - geomicrobiology KW - Thermoanaerobacter KW - uranium minerals KW - TEM data KW - biogenic processes KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - EXAFS data KW - uranium KW - uraninite KW - nanoparticles KW - actinides KW - microorganisms KW - magnetite KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1220563015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Long-term+solid-phase+fate+of+co-precipitated+U%28VI%29-Fe%28III%29+following+biological+iron+reduction+by+Thermoanaerobacter&rft.au=Madden%2C+Andrew+S%3BSwindle%2C+Andrew+L%3BBeazley%2C+Melanie+J%3BMoon%2C+Ji-Won%3BRavel%2C+Bruce%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J&rft.aulast=Madden&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2012-10-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam.2012.4122 L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 97 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-29 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; akaganeite; bacteria; biogenic processes; crystal form; EXAFS data; experimental studies; geomicrobiology; goethite; iron; laboratory studies; magnetite; metals; microorganisms; nanoparticles; oxides; precipitation; reduction; TEM data; Thermoanaerobacter; uraninite; uranium; uranium minerals; valency; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2012.4122 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Local ammonia storage and ammonia inhibition in a monolithic copper-beta zeolite SCR catalyst AN - 1671430700; 17907533 AB - Selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH(3) was studied on a Cu-beta zeolite catalyst, with specific focus on the distributed NH(3) capacity utilization and inhibition. In addition, several other relevant catalyst parameter distributions were quantified including the SCR zone, or catalyst region where SCR occurs, and NO and NH(3) oxidation. We show that the full NH(3) capacity (100% coverage) is used within the SCR zone for a range of temperatures. By corollary, unused NH(3) capacity exists downstream of the SCR zone. Consequently, the unused capacity relative to the total capacity is indicative of the portion of the catalyst unused for SCR. Dynamic NH(3) inhibition distributions, which create local transient conversion inflections, are measured. Dynamic inhibition is observed where the gas phase NH(3) and NO concentrations are high, driving rapid NH(3) coverage buildup and SCR. Accordingly, we observe dynamic inhibition at low temperatures and in hydrothermally aged states, but predict its existence very near the catalyst front in higher conversion conditions where we did not specifically monitor its impact. While this paper addresses some general distributed SCR performance parameters including Oxidation and SCR zone, our major new contributions are associated with the NH(3) capacity saturation within the SCR zone and dynamic inhibition distributions and the associated observations. These new insights are relevant to developing accurate models, designs and control strategies for automotive SCR catalyst applications. JF - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental AU - Auvray, Xavier AU - Partridge, William P AU - Choi, Jae-Soon AU - Pihl, Josh A AU - Yezerets, Aleksey AU - Kamasamudram, Krishna AU - Currier, Neal W AU - Olsson, Louise AD - Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden PY - 2012 SP - 144 EP - 152 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 126 SN - 0926-3373, 0926-3373 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); METADEX (MD); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Mathematical models KW - Construction KW - Ammonia KW - Oxidation KW - Selective catalytic reduction KW - Zeolites KW - Catalysts KW - Inhibition KW - Dynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671430700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Catalysis+B%3A+Environmental&rft.atitle=Local+ammonia+storage+and+ammonia+inhibition+in+a+monolithic+copper-beta+zeolite+SCR+catalyst&rft.au=Auvray%2C+Xavier%3BPartridge%2C+William+P%3BChoi%2C+Jae-Soon%3BPihl%2C+Josh+A%3BYezerets%2C+Aleksey%3BKamasamudram%2C+Krishna%3BCurrier%2C+Neal+W%3BOlsson%2C+Louise&rft.aulast=Auvray&rft.aufirst=Xavier&rft.date=2012-09-05&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Catalysis+B%3A+Environmental&rft.issn=09263373&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apcatb.2012.07.019 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-06 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.07.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forest greenness after the massive 2008 Chinese ice storm: integrated effects of natural processes and human intervention AN - 1705079101; PQ0001812619 AB - About 10% of China's forests were impacted by a destructive ice storm and subsequently subjected to poorly planned salvage logging in 2008. We used the remote-sensing products of Enhanced Vegetation Indexes (EVI) corroborated with information gathered from ground visits to examine the spatial patterns and temporal trajectories of greenness of these nearly 20 million hectares of forests. We found (1) the EVI of about 50% of the impacted forests returned to normal status (i.e., within the 95% confidence interval of the long-term mean) within five months, and about 80% within one year after the storm, (2) the higher the pre-storm EVI (relative to the long-term mean), the slower the rebound of post-storm EVI, and (3) the rebound of greenness was slowest in forests that were moderately impacted by the ice storm only (i.e. before the occurrences of logging), resulting in a nonlinear relationship between greenness rebound time (GRT) and ice storm impact severity (IS). Ground visits suggested a hypothesis that the region-wide rebound in greenness was a consequence of resprouting of physically damaged trees and growth of understory plants including shrub, herbaceous and epiphytic species. These processes were facilitated by the rapid increase in temperature and ample moisture after the ice storm. Gap-phase dynamics could be responsible for the counterintuitive relationship between IS and GRT that was obtained. However, a more parsimonious explanation appears to be biased salvage logging, which may have selectively targeted lightly to moderately impacted forests for economic and accessibility reasons and thus adversely affected the GRT of these forests. Although a purely natural disturbance may result in forest greenness patterns different than those reported here, we suggest that remote-sensing-based dynamic analyses of greenness can play a major role in evaluating disturbance theories and in developing testable hypotheses to guide ground-based studies of the integrated effects of large extreme events and human intervention on forest ecosystems. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Sun, Ying AU - Gu, Lianhong AU - Dickinson, Robert E AU - Zhou, Benzhi AD - Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station #C9000, Austin, TX 78712, USA, lianhong-gu@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - ice storm KW - large extreme events KW - forests KW - remote sensing KW - human intervention KW - Shrubs KW - Ice KW - Forest ecosystems KW - Spatial distribution KW - Trees KW - Intervention KW - Forests KW - Vegetation KW - Storms KW - Logging KW - Economics KW - Plants KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Disturbance KW - Understory KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705079101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Forest+greenness+after+the+massive+2008+Chinese+ice+storm%3A+integrated+effects+of+natural+processes+and+human+intervention&rft.au=Sun%2C+Ying%3BGu%2C+Lianhong%3BDickinson%2C+Robert+E%3BZhou%2C+Benzhi&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Ying&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F7%2F3%2F035702 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shrubs; Ice; Forest ecosystems; Spatial distribution; Trees; Vegetation; Forests; Intervention; Storms; Logging; Economics; Plants; Disturbance; Understory; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/035702 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gene and translation initiation site prediction in metagenomic sequences AN - 1434027417; 18513610 AB - Motivation: Gene prediction in metagenomic sequences remains a difficult problem. Current sequencing technologies do not achieve sufficient coverage to assemble the individual genomes in a typical sample; consequently, sequencing runs produce a large number of short sequences whose exact origin is unknown. Since these sequences are usually smaller than the average length of a gene, algorithms must make predictions based on very little data.Results: We present MetaProdigal, a metagenomic version of the gene prediction program Prodigal, that can identify genes in short, anonymous coding sequences with a high degree of accuracy. The novel value of the method consists of enhanced translation initiation site identification, ability to identify sequences that use alternate genetic codes and confidence values for each gene call. We compare the results of MetaProdigal with other methods and conclude with a discussion of future improvements. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Hyatt, Doug AU - LoCascio, Philip F AU - Hauser, Loren J AU - Uberbacher, Edward C AD - super(1)Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA and super(2)Genome Science and Technology School, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA Y1 - 2012/09/01/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Sep 01 SP - 2223 EP - 2230 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 28 IS - 17 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Data processing KW - Translation initiation KW - Algorithms KW - Bioinformatics KW - Internet KW - Genetic code KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434027417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Gene+and+translation+initiation+site+prediction+in+metagenomic+sequences&rft.au=Hyatt%2C+Doug%3BLoCascio%2C+Philip+F%3BHauser%2C+Loren+J%3BUberbacher%2C+Edward+C&rft.aulast=Hyatt&rft.aufirst=Doug&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=2223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbts429 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Computer programs; software; Data processing; Translation initiation; Algorithms; Bioinformatics; Internet; Genetic code DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts429 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large methane emission upon spring thaw from natural wetlands in the northern permafrost region AN - 1320155383; 2013-029685 AB - The permafrost carbon-climate feedback is one of the major mechanisms in controlling the climate-ecosystem interactions in northern high latitudes. Of this feedback, methane (CH (sub 4) ) emission from natural wetlands is critically important due to its high warming potential. The freeze-thaw transition has been confirmed to play an important role in annual CH (sub 4) budget, yet the magnitude of this effect is uncertain. An intensive field campaign was carried out in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China to estimate the CH (sub 4) emission in the spring freeze-thaw transition period. The observation concluded that a large CH (sub 4) source was caused by spring thaw; the maximum hourly emission rate was 48.6 g C m (super -2) h (super -1) , more than three orders of the regularly observed CH (sub 4) emission rate in the growing season. In some sporadically observed 'hot spots', the spring thawing effect contributed to a large CH (sub 4) source of 31.3+ or - 10.1 g C m (super -2) , which is approximately 80% of the previously calculated annual CH (sub 4) emission in the same study area. If our results are typical for natural wetlands in the Northern Hemisphere permafrost region, we estimate a global CH (sub 4) source strength of 0.5-1.0 Tg C (1 Tg =10 (super 12) g) caused by spring thaw in the Northern Hemisphere permafrost region in the year 2011. Combining with available satellite and flask data, a regional extrapolation reaches a temporal pattern of CH (sub 4) emission during 2003-2009 which is consistent with recently observed changes in atmospheric CH (sub 4) concentration in the high latitudes. This suggests that the CH (sub 4) emission upon spring thaw in the high latitudes might be enhanced by the projected climate warming. These findings indicate that the spring thawing effect is an important mechanism in the permafrost carbon-climate feedback and needs to be incorporated in Earth system models. Copyright 2012 IOP Publishing Ltd JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Song, Changchun AU - Xu, Xiaofeng AU - Sun, Xiaoxin AU - Tian, Hanqin AU - Sun, Li AU - Miao, Yuqing AU - Wang, Xianwei AU - Guo, Yuedong Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - September 2012 EP - Citation 034009 PB - Institute of Physics and IOP Publishing, Bristol VL - 7 IS - 3 KW - extrapolation KW - permafrost KW - methane KW - Arctic region KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - alkanes KW - satellite methods KW - thawing KW - climate change KW - feedback KW - spatial distribution KW - organic compounds KW - wetlands KW - carbon KW - hydrocarbons KW - Northern Hemisphere KW - seasonal variations KW - greenhouse gases KW - climate KW - remote sensing KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1320155383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Large+methane+emission+upon+spring+thaw+from+natural+wetlands+in+the+northern+permafrost+region&rft.au=Song%2C+Changchun%3BXu%2C+Xiaofeng%3BSun%2C+Xiaoxin%3BTian%2C+Hanqin%3BSun%2C+Li%3BMiao%2C+Yuqing%3BWang%2C+Xianwei%3BGuo%2C+Yuedong&rft.aulast=Song&rft.aufirst=Changchun&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=1748-9326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F7%2F3%2F034009 L2 - http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by IOP Publishing Ltd., London, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-03-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Arctic region; carbon; climate; climate change; ecosystems; extrapolation; feedback; global change; global warming; greenhouse gases; hydrocarbons; methane; Northern Hemisphere; organic compounds; permafrost; remote sensing; satellite methods; seasonal variations; spatial distribution; thawing; wetlands DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/034009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The percentage of bacterial genes on leading versus lagging strands is influenced by multiple balancing forces AN - 1113221266; 17256786 AB - The majority of bacterial genes are located on the leading strand, and the percentage of such genes has a large variation across different bacteria. Although some explanations have been proposed, these are at most partial explanations as they cover only small percentages of the genes and do not even consider the ones biased toward the lagging strand. We have carried out a computational study on 725 bacterial genomes, aiming to elucidate other factors that may have influenced the strand location of genes in a bacterium. Our analyses suggest that (i) genes of some functional categories such as ribosome have higher preferences to be on the leading strands; (ii) genes of some functional categories such as transcription factor have higher preferences on the lagging strands; (iii) there is a balancing force that tends to keep genes from all moving to the leading and more efficient strand and (iv) the percentage of leading-strand genes in an bacterium can be accurately explained based on the numbers of genes in the functional categories outlined in (i) and (ii), genome size and gene density, indicating that these numbers implicitly contain the information about the percentage of genes on the leading versus lagging strand in a genome. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Mao, Xizeng AU - Zhang, Han AU - Yin, Yanbin AU - Xu, Ying AD - super(1)Computational Systems Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA, super(2)Department of Automation, Nankai University, Tianjin, China, super(3)Department of BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA and super(4)College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China, xyn@bmb.uga.edu Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - Sep 2012 SP - 8210 EP - 8218 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 40 IS - 17 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Computer applications KW - Genomes KW - Lead KW - Place preferences KW - Ribosomes KW - Transcription factors KW - Bacteria KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - N 14810:Methods KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1113221266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=The+percentage+of+bacterial+genes+on+leading+versus+lagging+strands+is+influenced+by+multiple+balancing+forces&rft.au=Mao%2C+Xizeng%3BZhang%2C+Han%3BYin%2C+Yanbin%3BXu%2C+Ying&rft.aulast=Mao&rft.aufirst=Xizeng&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=8210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgks605 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Place preferences; Transcription factors; Ribosomes; Computer applications; Lead; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks605 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A theoretical reassessment of microbial maintenance and implications for microbial ecology modeling AN - 1038601966; 17083455 AB - We attempted to reconcile three microbial maintenance models (Herbert, Pirt, and Compromise) through a theoretical reassessment. We provided a rigorous proof that the true growth yield coefficient (YG) is the ratio of the specific maintenance rate (a in Herbert) to the maintenance coefficient (m in Pirt). Other findings from this study include: (1) the Compromise model is identical to the Herbert for computing microbial growth and substrate consumption, but it expresses the dependence of maintenance on both microbial biomass and substrate; (2) the maximum specific growth rate in the Herbert ( mu max,H) is higher than those in the other two models ( mu max,P and mu max,C), and the difference is the physiological maintenance factor (mq = a); and (3) the overall maintenance coefficient (mT) is more sensitive to mq than to the specific growth rate ( mu G) and YG. Our critical reassessment of microbial maintenance provides a new approach for quantifying some important components in soil microbial ecology models. JF - FEMS Microbiology Ecology AU - Wang, Gangsheng AU - Post, Wilfred M AD - Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/09// PY - 2012 DA - Sep 2012 SP - 610 EP - 617 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 81 IS - 3 SN - 0168-6496, 0168-6496 KW - Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Ecology KW - Growth rate KW - Soil KW - Physiology KW - Biomass KW - Maintenance KW - Models KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1038601966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Ecology&rft.atitle=A+theoretical+reassessment+of+microbial+maintenance+and+implications+for+microbial+ecology+modeling&rft.au=Wang%2C+Gangsheng%3BPost%2C+Wilfred+M&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Gangsheng&rft.date=2012-09-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=610&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Ecology&rft.issn=01686496&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1574-6941.2012.01389.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Growth rate; Biomass; Models; Ecology; Physiology; Maintenance DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01389.x ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Are We Still In "Hot Water" Over Thermal Discharges? T2 - 142nd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2012) AN - 1313090757; 6138605 JF - 142nd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2012) AU - Coutant, Charles Y1 - 2012/08/19/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 19 KW - Thermal discharges UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313090757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=142nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2012%29&rft.atitle=Are+We+Still+In+%22Hot+Water%22+Over+Thermal+Discharges%3F&rft.au=Coutant%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Coutant&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2012-08-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=142nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2012/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Environmental Attribution for the National Hydropower Asset Assessment Program T2 - 142nd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2012) AN - 1313082220; 6138243 JF - 142nd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2012) AU - McManamay, Ryan AU - Bevelhimer, Mark AU - Hetrick, Shelaine Y1 - 2012/08/19/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 19 KW - Hydroelectric power UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313082220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=142nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2012%29&rft.atitle=Environmental+Attribution+for+the+National+Hydropower+Asset+Assessment+Program&rft.au=McManamay%2C+Ryan%3BBevelhimer%2C+Mark%3BHetrick%2C+Shelaine&rft.aulast=McManamay&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2012-08-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=142nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2012/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Hydro-GIS: A Web-Based Interface with the National Hydropower Asset Assessment Program T2 - 142nd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2012) AN - 1313082190; 6138242 JF - 142nd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2012) AU - Hetrick, Shelaine AU - Bevelhimer, Mark AU - Kao, Shih-Chieh Y1 - 2012/08/19/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 19 KW - Hydroelectric power UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313082190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=142nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2012%29&rft.atitle=Hydro-GIS%3A+A+Web-Based+Interface+with+the+National+Hydropower+Asset+Assessment+Program&rft.au=Hetrick%2C+Shelaine%3BBevelhimer%2C+Mark%3BKao%2C+Shih-Chieh&rft.aulast=Hetrick&rft.aufirst=Shelaine&rft.date=2012-08-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2012/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Use of Traits-Based Assessment to Estimate Effects of Hydropower Projects on Fish Populations T2 - 142nd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2012) AN - 1313071857; 6138224 JF - 142nd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2012) AU - Cada, Glenn AU - Schweizer, Peter Y1 - 2012/08/19/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 19 KW - Fish KW - Hydroelectric power UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313071857?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=142nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2012%29&rft.atitle=The+Use+of+Traits-Based+Assessment+to+Estimate+Effects+of+Hydropower+Projects+on+Fish+Populations&rft.au=Cada%2C+Glenn%3BSchweizer%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Cada&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=2012-08-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=142nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2012/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Laboratory Studies to Evaluate Survivorship of Fish Early Life Stages Upon Passage by Hydrokinetic Rotor-Blade Profiles T2 - 142nd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2012) AN - 1313033221; 6137878 JF - 142nd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2012) AU - Schweizer, Peter AU - Cada, Glenn Y1 - 2012/08/19/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 19 KW - Fish KW - Developmental stages KW - Survival KW - Survivorship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313033221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=142nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2012%29&rft.atitle=Laboratory+Studies+to+Evaluate+Survivorship+of+Fish+Early+Life+Stages+Upon+Passage+by+Hydrokinetic+Rotor-Blade+Profiles&rft.au=Schweizer%2C+Peter%3BCada%2C+Glenn&rft.aulast=Schweizer&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2012-08-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=142nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2012/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Getting the most out of rivers: Sustainable hydropower development T2 - 97th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2012) AN - 1313090912; 6152262 JF - 97th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2012) AU - Jager, Henriette AU - Efroymson, Rebecca AU - Opperman, Jeff Y1 - 2012/08/05/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 05 KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Sustainable development KW - Rivers KW - Environment management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313090912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2012%29&rft.atitle=Getting+the+most+out+of+rivers%3A+Sustainable+hydropower+development&rft.au=Jager%2C+Henriette%3BEfroymson%2C+Rebecca%3BOpperman%2C+Jeff&rft.aulast=Jager&rft.aufirst=Henriette&rft.date=2012-08-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2012/webprogrampreliminary/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Roles of genotype-by-environment interactions in shaping the root-associated microbiome of Populus T2 - 97th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2012) AN - 1313083797; 6153573 JF - 97th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2012) AU - Schadt, Christopher AU - Shakya, Migun AU - Gottel, Neil AU - Castro, Hector AU - Yang, Zamin AU - Kerley, Marilyn AU - Bonito, Gregory AU - Labbe, Jesse AU - Muchero, Wellington AU - Vilgalys, Rytas AU - Tuskan, Gerald AU - Podar, Mircea AU - Doktycz, Mitchel Y1 - 2012/08/05/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 05 KW - Ecology KW - Populus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313083797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.atitle=Fine+Print+for+%27Gifts%27+to+Home+Buyers&rft.au=Hoak%2C+Amy&rft.aulast=Hoak&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2011-12-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2012/webprogrampreliminary/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Environmental and socioeconomic indicators of bioenergy sustainability T2 - 97th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2012) AN - 1313077298; 6153665 JF - 97th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2012) AU - Dale, Virginia Y1 - 2012/08/05/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 05 KW - Socio-economic aspects KW - Sustainability KW - Biofuels KW - Resource management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313077298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2012%29&rft.atitle=Environmental+and+socioeconomic+indicators+of+bioenergy+sustainability&rft.au=Dale%2C+Virginia&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=2012-08-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2012/webprogrampreliminary/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Mapping soil lead speciation and soil microbial response at an abandoned firing range in Oak Ridge, TN T2 - 97th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2012) AN - 1313067801; 6151616 JF - 97th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2012) AU - Sullivan-Guest, Tarah AU - Schadt, Christopher AU - Basta, Nick AU - Jardine, Philip Y1 - 2012/08/05/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 05 KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Soil KW - Lead KW - Mapping KW - Speciation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313067801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2012%29&rft.atitle=Mapping+soil+lead+speciation+and+soil+microbial+response+at+an+abandoned+firing+range+in+Oak+Ridge%2C+TN&rft.au=Sullivan-Guest%2C+Tarah%3BSchadt%2C+Christopher%3BBasta%2C+Nick%3BJardine%2C+Philip&rft.aulast=Sullivan-Guest&rft.aufirst=Tarah&rft.date=2012-08-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2012/webprogrampreliminary/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Methods for understanding land-use change dynamics and improving assessment of sustainable service provision: Models, science and causal analysis T2 - 97th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2012) AN - 1312994045; 6152850 JF - 97th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2012) AU - Kline, Keith Y1 - 2012/08/05/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Aug 05 KW - Sustainable development KW - Land use KW - Models KW - Resource management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312994045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2012%29&rft.atitle=Methods+for+understanding+land-use+change+dynamics+and+improving+assessment+of+sustainable+service+provision%3A+Models%2C+science+and+causal+analysis&rft.au=Kline%2C+Keith&rft.aulast=Kline&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2012-08-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2012/webprogrampreliminary/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - AGE-DEPENDENT ORGAN DOSE FROM A MONOENERGETIC SEMI-INFINITE CLOUD SOURCE OF GAMMAS AN - 1257738667; 16966819 AB - The Dosimetry Research Team at Oak Ridge National Laboratory is currently working on updating Federal Guidance Report Number 12. As a part of that effort, several environmental exposure scenarios are being reconsidered to add age dependence. One of these exposure scenarios considers the organ dose from a monoenergetic semi-infinite cloud source of gammas. The Monte Carlo radiation transport code, MCNPX, was used to calculate the dose to the organs of a newborn, 1 y, 5 y, 10 y, 15 y, and adult hermaphrodite mathematical phantom. Note, the current version of FGR 12 only addresses adults. The semi-infinite cloud was represented by a cylinder of air with a radius and height of 10 mean free paths in air, corresponding to the gamma source energy. The phantom was positioned on a cylindrical slab of soil, 5 mean free paths deep and with the radius equal to that of the air cylinder. Variance reduction techniques were employed to more efficiently calculate the dose to the organs of the human body. JF - Health Physics AU - Manger, R AU - Eckerman, K AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville, TN 37922, USA Y1 - 2012/08// PY - 2012 DA - Aug 2012 SP - S64 EP - S65 PB - Williams & Wilkins, 351 W. Camden St. Baltimore MD 21201 United States VL - 103 IS - 2 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Clouds KW - Soil KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Age KW - Dosimetry KW - Organs KW - H 2000:Transportation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1257738667?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.atitle=Pick+a+Stock+for+Contest&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2011-12-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Monte Carlo simulation; Soil; Clouds; Age; Dosimetry; Organs; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multivariate and multiscale dependence in the global climate system revealed through complex networks AN - 1069197045; 17133234 AB - A systematic characterization of multivariate dependence at multiple spatio-temporal scales is critical to understanding climate system dynamics and improving predictive ability from models and data. However, dependence structures in climate are complex due to nonlinear dynamical generating processes, long-range spatial and long-memory temporal relationships, as well as low-frequency variability. Here we utilize complex networks to explore dependence in climate data. Specifically, networks constructed from reanalysis-based atmospheric variables over oceans and partitioned with community detection methods demonstrate the potential to capture regional and global dependence structures within and among climate variables. Proximity-based dependence as well as long-range spatial relationships are examined along with their evolution over time, yielding new insights on ocean meteorology. The tools are implicitly validated by confirming conceptual understanding about aggregate correlations and teleconnections. Our results also suggest a close similarity of observed dependence patterns in relative humidity and horizontal wind speed over oceans. In addition, updraft velocity, which relates to convective activity over the oceans, exhibits short spatiotemporal decorrelation scales but long-range dependence over time. The multivariate and multi-scale dependence patterns broadly persist over multiple time windows. Our findings motivate further investigations of dependence structures among observations, reanalysis and model-simulated data to enhance process understanding, assess model reliability and improve regional climate predictions. JF - Climate Dynamics AU - Steinhaeuser, Karsten AU - Ganguly, Auroop R AU - Chawla, Nitesh V AD - Geographic Information Science and Technology Group, Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, PO Box 2008, MS-6017, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, gangulyar@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/08// PY - 2012 DA - August 2012 SP - 889 EP - 895 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 39 IS - 3-4 SN - 0930-7575, 0930-7575 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Relative humidity KW - Variability KW - Climate prediction KW - Climate change KW - Regional climates KW - Data reanalysis KW - Updrafts KW - Relative Humidity KW - Wind speed KW - Networks KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Meteorology KW - Teleconnections KW - Marine KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Model Studies KW - Community composition KW - Oceans KW - Convective activity KW - Wind speed over oceans KW - Evolution KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1069197045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Dynamics&rft.atitle=Multivariate+and+multiscale+dependence+in+the+global+climate+system+revealed+through+complex+networks&rft.au=Steinhaeuser%2C+Karsten%3BGanguly%2C+Auroop+R%3BChawla%2C+Nitesh+V&rft.aulast=Steinhaeuser&rft.aufirst=Karsten&rft.date=2012-08-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=889&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Dynamics&rft.issn=09307575&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00382-011-1135-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Relative humidity; Prediction; Community composition; Climate prediction; Climate change; Ocean-atmosphere system; Meteorology; Teleconnections; Climate models; Wind speed over oceans; Convective activity; Regional climates; Updrafts; Data reanalysis; Variability; Oceans; Climates; Networks; Evolution; Relative Humidity; Model Studies; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-011-1135-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validation of new depletion capabilities and ENDF/B-VII data libraries in SCALE AN - 1028025907; 16816479 AB - New isotopic depletion capabilities and ENDF/B-VII data libraries have been implemented in the recent release 6.1 of SCALE, a comprehensive modeling and simulation suite for nuclear safety analysis and design developed and maintained by Oak Ridge National Laboratory. An assessment of the effect of the new developments on the code performance is the subject of this paper. The analysis is focused on evaluating the code performance in predicting isotopic compositions in spent nuclear fuel by using an extensive, measured isotopic assay database. The analysis results obtained using the latest ENDF/B-VII cross-section data and different resonance processing methods in SCALE are compared to the results of previous validation studies that used ENDF/B-V data. The performance of SCALE depletion capabilities with respect to other computational systems is assessed based on recent published results that were obtained using ENDF/B-VII libraries. JF - Annals of Nuclear Energy AU - Ilas, Germina AU - Gauld, Ian C AU - Radulescu, Georgeta AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6172, United States, ilasg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/08// PY - 2012 DA - Aug 2012 SP - 43 EP - 55 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 46 SN - 0306-4549, 0306-4549 KW - Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - SCALE KW - ORIGEN KW - Depletion KW - ENDF/B-VII KW - Isotopic validation KW - Spent fuel KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Simulation KW - Nuclear energy KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1028025907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Nuclear+Energy&rft.atitle=Validation+of+new+depletion+capabilities+and+ENDF%2FB-VII+data+libraries+in+SCALE&rft.au=Ilas%2C+Germina%3BGauld%2C+Ian+C%3BRadulescu%2C+Georgeta&rft.aulast=Ilas&rft.aufirst=Germina&rft.date=2012-08-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Nuclear+Energy&rft.issn=03064549&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.anucene.2012.03.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear power plants; Nuclear fuels; Simulation; Nuclear energy; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2012.03.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exhaustive database searching for amino acid mutations in proteomes AN - 1434031107; 18513531 AB - Motivation: Amino acid mutations in proteins can be found by searching tandem mass spectra acquired in shotgun proteomics experiments against protein sequences predicted from genomes. Traditionally, unconstrained searches for amino acid mutations have been accomplished by using a sequence tagging approach that combines de novo sequencing with database searching. However, this approach is limited by the performance of de novo sequencing.Results: The Sipros algorithm v2.0 was developed to perform unconstrained database searching using high-resolution tandem mass spectra by exhaustively enumerating all single non-isobaric mutations for every residue in a protein database. The performance of Sipros for amino acid mutation identification exceeded that of an established sequence tagging algorithm, Inspect, based on benchmarking results from a Rhodopseudomonas palustris proteomics dataset. To demonstrate the viability of the algorithm for meta-proteomics, Sipros was used to identify amino acid mutations in a natural microbial community in acid mine drainage. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Hyatt, Doug AU - Pan, Chongle AD - super(1)BioSciences Division and super(2)Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN Y1 - 2012/07/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jul 15 SP - 1895 EP - 1901 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 28 IS - 14 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Databases KW - Amino acids KW - Data processing KW - Algorithms KW - Bioinformatics KW - proteomics KW - Rhodopseudomonas palustris KW - Mutation KW - Internet KW - Amino acid sequence KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434031107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Exhaustive+database+searching+for+amino+acid+mutations+in+proteomes&rft.au=Hyatt%2C+Doug%3BPan%2C+Chongle&rft.aulast=Hyatt&rft.aufirst=Doug&rft.date=2012-07-15&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1895&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbts274 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Databases; Data processing; Amino acids; Algorithms; proteomics; Bioinformatics; Mutation; Internet; Amino acid sequence; Rhodopseudomonas palustris DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts274 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decomposition of maize leaves and grasses in restored agricultural streams AN - 1034814705; 17047272 AB - Headwater streams draining row-crop agriculture receive allochthonous inputs of maize detritus and grasses, but organic matter (OM) processing is not well studied in agricultural streams. Agricultural streams in the midwestern USA have incised, trapezoidal channels that retain less particulate OM than forested streams. The 2-stage ditch is a restoration strategy in which small floodplains are constructed and connected to stream channels to increase channel stability and decrease erosion. Microbial decomposition may be higher on restored floodplains because water residence times are longer than on the steep banks of trapezoidal streams. We examined decomposition of maize leaves (Zea mays), native rice cutgrass (Leersia oryzoides), and invasive reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) in 4 restored streams. We measured breakdown rates in the main channel of upstream control reaches (incised, trapezoidal channel), the main channel of downstream treatment reaches (restored with constructed floodplains), steep control banks, and treatment floodplains. OM decomposed faster in channels than on banks and floodplains, and maize decomposed faster (stream k = 0.0160/d, riparian k = 0.0040/d) than rice cutgrass (stream k = 0.0065/d, riparian k = 0.0018/d) and reed canary grass (stream k = 0.0036/d, riparian k = 0.0014/d) probably because lignin and N content differed. Breakdown rates varied among streams because of differences in shredder density (primarily Isopoda: Lirceus and Caecidotea) and water temperature. Floodplain restoration did not affect breakdown rates. Floodplains of 3 streams were inundated longer than steep banks in upstream control reaches, but breakdown rate and inundation duration were not related. However, OM must be retained within the stream to be available for decomposition. Thus, the floodplains may promote the retention of OM, and ultimately, incorporation of maize and grasses into headwater-stream food webs. JF - Freshwater Science AU - Griffiths, Natalie A AU - Tank, Jennifer L AU - Roley, Sarah S AU - Stephen, Mia L AD - Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 USA, griffithsna@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/07/10/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jul 10 SP - 848 EP - 864 PB - North American Benthological Society VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 2161-9549, 2161-9549 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - allochthonous inputs KW - organic matter KW - detritus KW - litter KW - corn KW - breakdown KW - decomposition KW - agriculture KW - restoration KW - floodplain KW - isopods KW - Agriculture KW - Degradation KW - Grasses KW - Residence time KW - Freshwater KW - Decomposition KW - Streams KW - Restoration KW - Isopoda KW - Phalaris arundinacea KW - Zea mays KW - Detritus KW - Food webs KW - Rivers KW - Leersia oryzoides KW - Organic matter KW - Leaves KW - Oryza sativa KW - Water temperature KW - USA KW - Flood plains KW - Lignin KW - Caecidotea KW - Lirceus KW - Introduced species KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1034814705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Freshwater+Science&rft.atitle=Decomposition+of+maize+leaves+and+grasses+in+restored+agricultural+streams&rft.au=Griffiths%2C+Natalie+A%3BTank%2C+Jennifer+L%3BRoley%2C+Sarah+S%3BStephen%2C+Mia+L&rft.aulast=Griffiths&rft.aufirst=Natalie&rft.date=2012-07-10&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=848&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Freshwater+Science&rft.issn=21619549&rft_id=info:doi/10.1899%2F11-095.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 83 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Flood plains; Degradation; Residence time; Organic matter; Introduced species; Streams; Food webs; Restoration; Agriculture; Grasses; Lignin; Leaves; Water temperature; Detritus; Decomposition; Isopoda; Leersia oryzoides; Phalaris arundinacea; Zea mays; Caecidotea; Oryza sativa; Lirceus; USA; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1899/11-095.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aberration-corrected stem of Q-rich separates from the Saratov (L4) Meteorite AN - 1849307363; 2016-107598 JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Stroud, Rhonda M AU - Chisholm, Matthew F AU - Amari, Sachiko AU - Matsuda, Jun-ichi AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012/07// PY - 2012 DA - July 2012 EP - Abstract no. 5229 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 47, Suppl. SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - STEM data KW - ordinary chondrites KW - stony meteorites KW - electron diffraction data KW - chromite KW - Saratov Meteorite KW - electron microscopy data KW - thermal metamorphism KW - native elements KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - phase Q KW - metamorphism KW - L chondrites KW - TEM data KW - crystallinity KW - meteorites KW - graphite KW - graphene KW - noble gases KW - diamond KW - oxides KW - chondrites KW - nanoparticles KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849307363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Aberration-corrected+stem+of+Q-rich+separates+from+the+Saratov+%28L4%29+Meteorite&rft.au=Stroud%2C+Rhonda+M%3BChisholm%2C+Matthew+F%3BAmari%2C+Sachiko%3BMatsuda%2C+Jun-ichi%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stroud&rft.aufirst=Rhonda&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.volume=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/metsoc2012/pdf/5229.pdf http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 75th annual meeting of the Meteorological Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Dec. 31, 2015 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonaceous chondrites; chondrites; chromite; crystallinity; diamond; electron diffraction data; electron microscopy data; graphene; graphite; L chondrites; metamorphism; meteorites; nanoparticles; native elements; noble gases; ordinary chondrites; oxides; phase Q; Saratov Meteorite; STEM data; stony meteorites; TEM data; thermal metamorphism ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of User Facility Related Publications AN - 1266144467; 201300784 AB - Scientific user facilities provide physical resources and technical support that enable scientists to conduct experiments or simulations pertinent to their respective research. One metric for evaluating the scientific value or impact of a facility is the number of publications by users as a direct result of using that facility. Unfortunately, for a variety of reasons, capturing accurate values for this metric proves time consuming and error-prone. This work describes a new approach that leverages automated browser technology combined with text analytics to reduce the time and error involved in identifying publications related to user facilities. With this approach, scientific user facilities gain more accurate measures of their impact as well as insight into policy revisions for user access. Adapted from the source document. JF - D-Lib Magazine AU - Patton, Robert M AU - Stahl, Christopher G AU - Potok, Thomas E AU - Wells, Jack C AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory pattonrm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/07// PY - 2012 DA - July 2012 PB - Corporation for National Research Initiatives, Reston, VA VL - 18 IS - 7-8 SN - 1082-9873, 1082-9873 KW - Scientific user facility, automated browsing, text analytics KW - Research centers KW - Methods KW - Laboratories KW - Automatic text analysis KW - Publication output KW - Identification KW - article KW - 17.1: RESEARCH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1266144467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=D-Lib+Magazine&rft.atitle=Identification+of+User+Facility+Related+Publications&rft.au=Patton%2C+Robert+M%3BStahl%2C+Christopher+G%3BPotok%2C+Thomas+E%3BWells%2C+Jack+C&rft.aulast=Patton&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=D-Lib+Magazine&rft.issn=10829873&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.dlib.org LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - DLMAF7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Automatic text analysis; Laboratories; Methods; Identification; Publication output; Research centers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - super(13)C cell wall enrichment and ionic liquid NMR analysis: progress towards a high-throughput detailed chemical analysis of the whole plant cell wall AN - 1038249401; 17012316 AB - The ability to accurately and rapidly measure plant cell wall composition, relative monolignol content and lignin-hemicellulose inter-unit linkage distributions has become essential to efforts centered on reducing the recalcitrance of biomass by genetic engineering. Growing super(13)C enriched transgenic plants is a viable route to achieve the high-throughput, detailed chemical analysis of whole plant cell wall before and after pretreatment and microbial or enzymatic utilization by super(13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in a perdeuterated ionic liquid solvent system not requiring component isolation. 1D super(13)C whole cell wall ionic liquid NMR of natural abundant and super(13)C enriched corn stover stem samples suggest that a high level of uniform labeling (>97%) can significantly reduce the total NMR experiment times up to similar to 220 times. Similarly, significant reduction in total NMR experiment time ( similar to 39 times) of the super(13)C enriched corn stover stem samples for 2D super(13)C- super(1)H heteronuclear single quantum coherence NMR was found. JF - Analyst (Cambridge UK) AU - Foston, Marcus AU - Samuel, Reichel AU - Ragauskas, Arthur J AD - BioEnergy Science Center; School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Institute of Paper Science and Technology; Georgia Institute of Technology; 500 10th St.; Atlanta; GA 30332; USA; , arthur.ragauskas@chemistry.gatech.edu Y1 - 2012/07// PY - 2012 DA - Jul 2012 SP - 3904 EP - 3909 PB - The Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, Milton Road Cambridge CB4 0WF United Kingdom VL - 137 IS - 17 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - British Isles KW - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance KW - Chemical Analysis KW - Solvents KW - Isolation KW - Biomass KW - Engineering KW - Corn KW - Microorganisms KW - Enrichment KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1038249401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.atitle=super%2813%29C+cell+wall+enrichment+and+ionic+liquid+NMR+analysis%3A+progress+towards+a+high-throughput+detailed+chemical+analysis+of+the+whole+plant+cell+wall&rft.au=Foston%2C+Marcus%3BSamuel%2C+Reichel%3BRagauskas%2C+Arthur+J&rft.aulast=Foston&rft.aufirst=Marcus&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=3904&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2an35344j LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Engineering; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; Corn; Microorganisms; Solvents; Chemical Analysis; Enrichment; Biomass; Isolation; British Isles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2an35344j ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Spreadsheet Program for Two-Well Tracer Test Data Analysis AN - 1028032802; 16908669 AB - Two-well tracer tests are often conducted to investigate subsurface solute transport in the field. Analyzing breakthrough curves in extraction and monitoring wells using numerical methods is nontrivial due to highly nonuniform flow conditions. We extended approximate analytical solutions for the advection-dispersion equation for an injection-extraction well doublet in a homogeneous confined aquifer under steady-state flow conditions for equal injection and extraction rates with no transverse dispersion and negligible ambient flow, and implemented the solutions in Microsoft Excel using Visual Basic for Application (VBA). Functions were implemented to calculate concentrations in extraction and monitoring wells at any location due to a step or pulse injection. Type curves for a step injection were compared with those calculated by numerically integrating the solution for a pulse injection. The results from the two approaches are similar when the dispersivity is small. As the dispersivity increases, the latter was found to be more accurate but requires more computing time. The code was verified by comparing the results with published-type curves and applied to analyze data from the literature. The method can be used as a first approximation for two-well tracer test design and data analysis, and to check accuracy of numerical solutions. The code and example files are publicly available. JF - Ground Water AU - Tang, Guoping AU - Watson, David B AU - Parker, Jack C AU - Brooks, Scott C AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS-6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, watsondb@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/07// PY - 2012 DA - Jul 2012 SP - 614 EP - 620 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 50 IS - 4 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Aquifers KW - Aquifer KW - Nonuniform Flow KW - Injection KW - Tracers KW - Solutes KW - Testing Procedures KW - Mathematical models KW - Confined Aquifers KW - Solute Transport KW - Wells KW - Monitoring KW - Groundwater KW - Dispersion KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09381:Cables KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1028032802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=A+Spreadsheet+Program+for+Two-Well+Tracer+Test+Data+Analysis&rft.au=Tang%2C+Guoping%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BParker%2C+Jack+C%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C&rft.aulast=Tang&rft.aufirst=Guoping&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=614&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1745-6584.2011.00841.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Document feature - figure 6 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifer; Solutes; Tracers; Mathematical models; Dispersion; Aquifers; Groundwater; Testing Procedures; Nonuniform Flow; Solute Transport; Wells; Confined Aquifers; Monitoring; Injection DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00841.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electromechanical and elastic probing of bacteria in a cell culture medium AN - 1038251750; 16957085 AB - Rapid phenotype characterization and identification of cultured cells, which is needed for progress in tissue engineering and drug testing, requires an experimental technique that measures physical properties of cells with sub-micron resolution. Recently, band excitation piezoresponse force microscopy (BEPFM) has been proven useful for recognition and imaging of bacteria of different types in pure water. Here, the BEPFM method is performed for the first time on physiologically relevant electrolyte media, such as Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS) and Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM). Distinct electromechanical responses for Micrococcus lysodeikticus (Gram-positive) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (Gram-negative) bacteria in DPBS are demonstrated. The results suggest that mechanical properties of the outer surface coating each bacterium, as well as the electrical double layer around them, are responsible for the BEPFM image formation mechanism in electrolyte media. JF - Nanotechnology AU - Thompson, G L AU - Reukov, V V AU - Nikiforov, M P AU - Jesse, S AU - Kalinin, S V AU - Vertegel, A A AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, vertege@clemson.edu Y1 - 2012/06/22/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jun 22 SP - 245705 EP - 1-10 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 2 Huntington Quadrangle Melville NY 11747-4502 United States VL - 23 IS - 24 SN - 0957-4484, 0957-4484 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Pseudomonas fluorescens KW - Micrococcus lysodeikticus KW - Gram-negative bacteria KW - Microscopy KW - Cell culture KW - Tissue engineering KW - imaging KW - Drugs KW - Media (culture) KW - Mechanical properties KW - Coatings KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1038251750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanotechnology&rft.atitle=Electromechanical+and+elastic+probing+of+bacteria+in+a+cell+culture+medium&rft.au=Thompson%2C+G+L%3BReukov%2C+V+V%3BNikiforov%2C+M+P%3BJesse%2C+S%3BKalinin%2C+S+V%3BVertegel%2C+A+A&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2012-06-22&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=245705&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanotechnology&rft.issn=09574484&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0957-4484%2F23%2F24%2F245705 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gram-negative bacteria; Microscopy; Cell culture; Tissue engineering; Drugs; imaging; Media (culture); Coatings; Mechanical properties; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Micrococcus lysodeikticus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/23/24/245705 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The limits of the nuclear landscape AN - 1475560970; 18463729 AB - In 2011, 100 new nuclides were discovered. They joined the approximately 3,000 stable and radioactive nuclides that either occur naturally on Earth or are synthesized in the laboratory. Every atomic nucleus, characterized by a specific number of protons and neutrons, occupies a spot on the chart of nuclides, which is bounded by 'drip lines' indicating the values of neutron and proton number at which nuclear binding ends. The placement of the neutron drip line for the heavier elements is based on theoretical predictions using extreme extrapolations, and so is uncertain. However, it is not known how uncertain it is or how many protons and neutrons can be bound in a nucleus. Here we estimate these limits of the nuclear 'landscape' and provide statistical and systematic uncertainties for our predictions. We use nuclear density functional theory, several Skyrme interactions and high-performance computing, and find that the number of bound nuclides with between 2 and 120 protons is around 7,000. We find that extrapolations for drip-line positions and selected nuclear properties, including neutron separation energies relevant to astrophysical processes, are very consistent between the models used. JF - Nature AU - Erler, Jochen AU - Birge, Noah AU - Kortelainen, Markus AU - Nazarewicz, Witold AU - Olsen, Erik AU - Perhac, Alexander M AU - Stoitsov, Mario AD - 1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA [2] Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA PY - 2012 SP - 509 EP - 512 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 486 IS - 7404 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Landscape KW - Nuclear energy KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475560970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=The+limits+of+the+nuclear+landscape&rft.au=Erler%2C+Jochen%3BBirge%2C+Noah%3BKortelainen%2C+Markus%3BNazarewicz%2C+Witold%3BOlsen%2C+Erik%3BPerhac%2C+Alexander+M%3BStoitsov%2C+Mario&rft.aulast=Erler&rft.aufirst=Jochen&rft.date=2012-06-08&rft.volume=486&rft.issue=7404&rft.spage=509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature11188 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Landscape; Nuclear energy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature11188 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Temperature Sensitivity of Enzyme Activity at Depth in a Bog at Marcell Experimental Forest, Mn, Usa T2 - 9th INTECOL International Wetlands Conference AN - 1313091679; 6162263 JF - 9th INTECOL International Wetlands Conference AU - Steinweg, J AU - Kostka, Joel AU - Hanson, Paul AU - Schadt, Chris Y1 - 2012/06/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jun 03 KW - Temperature effects KW - Enzymatic activity KW - Forests KW - Sensitivity KW - Manganese UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313091679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=9th+INTECOL+International+Wetlands+Conference&rft.atitle=Temperature+Sensitivity+of+Enzyme+Activity+at+Depth+in+a+Bog+at+Marcell+Experimental+Forest%2C+Mn%2C+Usa&rft.au=Steinweg%2C+J%3BKostka%2C+Joel%3BHanson%2C+Paul%3BSchadt%2C+Chris&rft.aulast=Steinweg&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=9th+INTECOL+International+Wetlands+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.conference.ifas.ufl.edu/INTECOL/Abstracts.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Spruce-Peatland Responses under Climatic and Environmental Change: An in Situ Warming by co2 Manipulation of a Characteristic High-Carbon Ecosystem T2 - 9th INTECOL International Wetlands Conference AN - 1313041786; 6162329 JF - 9th INTECOL International Wetlands Conference AU - Iversen, Colleen AU - Hanson, Paul AU - Kolka, Randall AU - Sebestyen, Stephen AU - Norby, Richard AU - Childs, Joanne Y1 - 2012/06/03/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jun 03 KW - Environmental changes KW - Climatic changes KW - Carbon dioxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313041786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=9th+INTECOL+International+Wetlands+Conference&rft.atitle=Spruce-Peatland+Responses+under+Climatic+and+Environmental+Change%3A+An+in+Situ+Warming+by+co2+Manipulation+of+a+Characteristic+High-Carbon+Ecosystem&rft.au=Iversen%2C+Colleen%3BHanson%2C+Paul%3BKolka%2C+Randall%3BSebestyen%2C+Stephen%3BNorby%2C+Richard%3BChilds%2C+Joanne&rft.aulast=Iversen&rft.aufirst=Colleen&rft.date=2012-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=9th+INTECOL+International+Wetlands+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.conference.ifas.ufl.edu/INTECOL/Abstracts.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reference genome sequence of the model plant Setaria AN - 1032898824; 16969615 AB - We generated a high-quality reference genome sequence for foxtail millet (Setaria italica). The 400-Mb assembly covers 80% of the genome and >95% of the gene space. The assembly was anchored to a 992-locus genetic map and was annotated by comparison with >1.3 million expressed sequence tag reads. We produced more than 580 million RNA-Seq reads to facilitate expression analyses. We also sequenced Setaria viridis, the ancestral wild relative of S. italica, and identified regions of differential single-nucleotide polymorphism density, distribution of transposable elements, small RNA content, chromosomal rearrangement and segregation distortion. The genus Setaria includes natural and cultivated species that demonstrate a wide capacity for adaptation. The genetic basis of this adaptation was investigated by comparing five sequenced grass genomes. We also used the diploid Setaria genome to evaluate the ongoing genome assembly of a related polyploid, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). JF - Nature Biotechnology AU - Bennetzen, Jeffrey L AU - Schmutz, Jeremy AU - Wang, Hao AU - Percifield, Ryan AU - Hawkins, Jennifer AU - Pontaroli, Ana C AU - Estep, Matt AU - Feng, Liang AU - Vaughn, Justin N AU - Grimwood, Jane AU - Jenkins, Jerry AU - Barry, Kerrie AU - Lindquist, Erika AU - Hellsten, Uffe AU - Deshpande, Shweta AU - Wang, Xuewen AU - Wu, Xiaomei AU - Mitros, Therese AU - Triplett, Jimmy AU - Yang, Xiaohan AU - Ye, Chu-Yu AU - Mauro-Herrera, Margarita AU - Wang, Lin AU - Li, Pinghua AU - Sharma, Manoj AU - Sharma, Rita AU - Ronald, Pamela C AU - Panaud, Olivier AU - Kellogg, Elizabeth A AU - Brutnell, Thomas P AU - Doust, Andrew N AU - Tuskan, Gerald A AU - Rokhsar, Daniel AU - Devos, Katrien M AD - 1] The BioEnergy Science Center and the Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA. [2] Y1 - 2012/06// PY - 2012 DA - Jun 2012 SP - 555 EP - 561 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 30 IS - 6 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Panicum virgatum KW - Adaptations KW - Polyploidy KW - Diploids KW - Grasses KW - Setaria viridis KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - expressed sequence tags KW - Transposons KW - Setaria KW - RNA KW - Chromosome rearrangements KW - Single-nucleotide polymorphism KW - Setaria italica KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - N 14830:RNA UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1032898824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Reference+genome+sequence+of+the+model+plant+Setaria&rft.au=Bennetzen%2C+Jeffrey+L%3BSchmutz%2C+Jeremy%3BWang%2C+Hao%3BPercifield%2C+Ryan%3BHawkins%2C+Jennifer%3BPontaroli%2C+Ana+C%3BEstep%2C+Matt%3BFeng%2C+Liang%3BVaughn%2C+Justin+N%3BGrimwood%2C+Jane%3BJenkins%2C+Jerry%3BBarry%2C+Kerrie%3BLindquist%2C+Erika%3BHellsten%2C+Uffe%3BDeshpande%2C+Shweta%3BWang%2C+Xuewen%3BWu%2C+Xiaomei%3BMitros%2C+Therese%3BTriplett%2C+Jimmy%3BYang%2C+Xiaohan%3BYe%2C+Chu-Yu%3BMauro-Herrera%2C+Margarita%3BWang%2C+Lin%3BLi%2C+Pinghua%3BSharma%2C+Manoj%3BSharma%2C+Rita%3BRonald%2C+Pamela+C%3BPanaud%2C+Olivier%3BKellogg%2C+Elizabeth+A%3BBrutnell%2C+Thomas+P%3BDoust%2C+Andrew+N%3BTuskan%2C+Gerald+A%3BRokhsar%2C+Daniel%3BDevos%2C+Katrien+M&rft.aulast=Bennetzen&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=555&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnbt.2196 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transposons; Genomes; Polyploidy; Adaptations; Diploids; RNA; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Grasses; Chromosome rearrangements; Nucleotide sequence; expressed sequence tags; Setaria; Panicum virgatum; Setaria viridis; Setaria italica DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2196 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Draft Genome Sequence for Microbacterium laevaniformans Strain OR221, a Bacterium Tolerant to Metals, Nitrate, and Low pH AN - 1028026351; 16833608 AB - Microbacterium laevaniformans strain OR221 was isolated from subsurface sediments obtained from the Field Research Center (FRC) in Oak Ridge, TN. It was characterized as a bacterium tolerant to heavy metals, such as uranium, nickel, cobalt, and cadmium, as well as nitrate and low pH. We present its draft genome sequence. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Panikov, Nicolai AU - Ariyawansa, Thilini AU - Klingeman, Dawn M AU - Johnson, Courtney M AU - Land, Miriam L AU - Utturkar, Sagar M AU - Epstein, Slava S AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA, SlavaS.Epstein,s.epstein{at}neu.edu. Y1 - 2012/06// PY - 2012 DA - Jun 2012 SP - 3279 EP - 3280 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 194 IS - 12 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - Bacteria KW - Nitrate KW - Heavy metals KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Nickel KW - Sediments KW - Microbacterium KW - Uranium KW - Cobalt KW - Cadmium KW - pH effects KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - A 01390:Forestry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1028026351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Draft+Genome+Sequence+for+Microbacterium+laevaniformans+Strain+OR221%2C+a+Bacterium+Tolerant+to+Metals%2C+Nitrate%2C+and+Low+pH&rft.au=Brown%2C+Steven+D%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BPanikov%2C+Nicolai%3BAriyawansa%2C+Thilini%3BKlingeman%2C+Dawn+M%3BJohnson%2C+Courtney+M%3BLand%2C+Miriam+L%3BUtturkar%2C+Sagar+M%3BEpstein%2C+Slava+S&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.volume=194&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.00474-12 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Nitrate; Heavy metals; Cobalt; Uranium; Nucleotide sequence; Nickel; Cadmium; pH effects; Sediments; Bacteria; Microbacterium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.00474-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Draft Genome Sequences for Clostridium thermocellum Wild-Type Strain YS and Derived Cellulose Adhesion-Defective Mutant Strain AD2 AN - 1028026344; 16833607 AB - Clostridium thermocellum wild-type strain YS is an anaerobic, thermophilic, cellulolytic bacterium capable of directly converting cellulosic substrates into ethanol. Strain YS and a derived cellulose adhesion-defective mutant strain, AD2, played pivotal roles in describing the original cellulosome concept. We present their draft genome sequences. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Lamed, Raphael AU - Morag, Ely AU - Borovok, Ilya AU - Shoham, Yuval AU - Klingeman, Dawn M AU - Johnson, Courtney M AU - Yang, Zamin AU - Land, Miriam L AU - Utturkar, Sagar M AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA, EdwardA.Bayer,ed.bayer{at}weizmann.ac.il. Y1 - 2012/06// PY - 2012 DA - Jun 2012 SP - 3290 EP - 3291 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 194 IS - 12 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - cellulosomes KW - Cellulose KW - Clostridium thermocellum KW - Ethanol KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1028026344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Draft+Genome+Sequences+for+Clostridium+thermocellum+Wild-Type+Strain+YS+and+Derived+Cellulose+Adhesion-Defective+Mutant+Strain+AD2&rft.au=Brown%2C+Steven+D%3BLamed%2C+Raphael%3BMorag%2C+Ely%3BBorovok%2C+Ilya%3BShoham%2C+Yuval%3BKlingeman%2C+Dawn+M%3BJohnson%2C+Courtney+M%3BYang%2C+Zamin%3BLand%2C+Miriam+L%3BUtturkar%2C+Sagar+M&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.volume=194&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.00473-12 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; cellulosomes; Cellulose; Ethanol; Clostridium thermocellum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.00473-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pseudomonas fluorescens Induces Strain-Dependent and Strain-Independent Host Plant Responses in Defense Networks, Primary Metabolism, Photosynthesis, and Fitness AN - 1020852919; 16814165 AB - Colonization of plants by nonpathogenic Pseudomonas fluorescens strains can confer enhanced defense capacity against a broad spectrum of pathogens. Few studies, however, have linked defense pathway regulation to primary metabolism and physiology. In this study, physiological data, metabolites, and transcript profiles are integrated to elucidate how molecular networks initiated at the root-microbe interface influence shoot metabolism and whole-plant performance. Experiments with Arabidopsis thaliana were performed using the newly identified P. fluorescens GM30 or P. fluorescens Pf-5 strains. Co-expression networks indicated that Pf-5 and GM30 induced a subnetwork specific to roots enriched for genes participating in RNA regulation, protein degradation, and hormonal metabolism. In contrast, only GM30 induced a subnetwork enriched for calcium signaling, sugar and nutrient signaling, and auxin metabolism, suggesting strain dependence in network architecture. In addition, one subnetwork present in shoots was enriched for genes in secondary metabolism, photosynthetic light reactions, and hormone metabolism. Metabolite analysis indicated that this network initiated changes in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. Consistent with this, we observed strain-specific responses in tryptophan and phenylalanine abundance. Both strains reduced host plant carbon gain and fitness, yet provided a clear fitness benefit when plants were challenged with the pathogen P. syringae DC3000. JF - Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions AU - Weston, D J AU - Pelletier, DA AU - Morrell-Falvey, J L AU - Tschaplinski, T J AU - Jawdy, S S AU - Lu, T-Y AU - Allen, S M AU - Melton, S J AU - Martin, M Z AU - Schadt, C W AU - Karve, A A AU - Chen, J-G AU - Yang, X AU - Doktycz, MJ AU - Tuskan, G A AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge TN, 37831, USA, westondj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/06// PY - 2012 DA - Jun 2012 SP - 765 EP - 778 VL - 25 IS - 6 SN - 0894-0282, 0894-0282 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Abundance KW - Amino acids KW - Auxins KW - Calcium signalling KW - Carbohydrates KW - Carbon KW - Colonization KW - Data processing KW - Fitness KW - Hormones KW - Host plants KW - Light effects KW - Metabolites KW - Nutrients KW - Pathogens KW - Phenylalanine KW - Photosynthesis KW - Protein turnover KW - RNA KW - Roots KW - Shoots KW - Signal transduction KW - Sugar KW - Transcription KW - Tryptophan KW - Pseudomonas fluorescens KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020852919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Plant-Microbe+Interactions&rft.atitle=Pseudomonas+fluorescens+Induces+Strain-Dependent+and+Strain-Independent+Host+Plant+Responses+in+Defense+Networks%2C+Primary+Metabolism%2C+Photosynthesis%2C+and+Fitness&rft.au=Weston%2C+D+J%3BPelletier%2C+DA%3BMorrell-Falvey%2C+J+L%3BTschaplinski%2C+T+J%3BJawdy%2C+S+S%3BLu%2C+T-Y%3BAllen%2C+S+M%3BMelton%2C+S+J%3BMartin%2C+M+Z%3BSchadt%2C+C+W%3BKarve%2C+A+A%3BChen%2C+J-G%3BYang%2C+X%3BDoktycz%2C+MJ%3BTuskan%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Weston&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=765&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Plant-Microbe+Interactions&rft.issn=08940282&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-10 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fitness; Photosynthesis; Abundance; Roots; Nutrients; Metabolites; Phenylalanine; Hormones; Colonization; Carbon; Carbohydrates; Auxins; Sugar; Tryptophan; Amino acids; Data processing; Transcription; Pathogens; Host plants; Light effects; Shoots; RNA; Protein turnover; Calcium signalling; Signal transduction; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Arabidopsis thaliana ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forest phenology and a warmer climate - growing season extension in relation to climatic provenance AN - 1017964436; 16680211 AB - Predicting forest responses to warming climates relies on assumptions about niche and temperature sensitivity that remain largely untested. Observational studies have related current and historical temperatures to phenological shifts, but experimental evidence is sparse, particularly for autumn responses. A 4 year field experiment exposed four deciduous forest species from contrasting climates (Liquidambar styraciflua, Quercus rubra, Populus grandidentata, and Betula alleghaniensis) to air temperatures 2 and 4 degree C above ambient controls, using temperature-controlled open top chambers. Impacts of year-round warming on bud burst (BB), senescence, and abscission were evaluated in relation to thermal provenance. Leaves emerged earlier in all species by an average of 4-9 days at +2 degree C and 6-14 days at +4 degree C. Magnitude of advance varied with species and year, but was larger for the first 2 degree C increment than for the second. Effect of warming increased with early BB, favoring Liquidambar, but even BB of northern species advanced, despite temperatures exceeding those of the realized niche. Treatment differences in BB were inadequately explained by temperature sums alone. In autumn, chlorophyll was retained an average of 4 and 7 days longer in +2 and +4 degree C treatments, respectively, and abscission delayed by 8 and 13 days. Growing seasons in the warmer atmospheres averaged 5-18 days (E2) and 6-28 days (E4) longer, according to species, with the least impact in Quercus. Results are compared with a 16 years record of canopy onset and offset in a nearby upland deciduous forest, where BB showed similar responsiveness to spring temperatures (2-4 days degree C-1). Offset dates in the stand tracked August-September temperatures, except when late summer drought caused premature senescence. The common garden-like experiment provides evidence that warming alone extends the growing season, at both ends, even if stand-level impacts may be complicated by variation in other environmental factors. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Gunderson, Carla A AU - Edwards, Nelson T AU - Walker, Ashley V AU - O'Hara, Keiran H AU - Campion, Christina M AU - Hanson, Paul J AD - Environmental Sciences Division. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/06// PY - 2012 DA - Jun 2012 SP - 2008 EP - 2025 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 18 IS - 6 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Chlorophyll KW - Niches KW - Deciduous forests KW - Abscission KW - Forests KW - Environmental factors KW - Air temperature KW - Phenology KW - Liquidambar KW - Quercus KW - Canopies KW - Droughts KW - Temperature effects KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Leaves KW - Quercus rubra KW - senescence KW - Liquidambar styraciflua KW - Senescence KW - Betula alleghaniensis KW - Populus grandidentata KW - niches KW - canopies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1017964436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Forest+phenology+and+a+warmer+climate+-+growing+season+extension+in+relation+to+climatic+provenance&rft.au=Gunderson%2C+Carla+A%3BEdwards%2C+Nelson+T%3BWalker%2C+Ashley+V%3BO%27Hara%2C+Keiran+H%3BCampion%2C+Christina+M%3BHanson%2C+Paul+J&rft.aulast=Gunderson&rft.aufirst=Carla&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2008&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2486.2011.02632.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Chlorophyll; Phenology; Niches; Climate; Leaves; Abscission; Senescence; Canopies; Droughts; Environmental factors; Air temperature; Deciduous forests; senescence; Temperature; Forests; canopies; niches; Quercus rubra; Liquidambar; Quercus; Liquidambar styraciflua; Betula alleghaniensis; Populus grandidentata DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02632.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Binding Motifs in Bacterial Gene Promoters Modulate Transcriptional Effects of Global Regulators CRP and ArcA AN - 1028034694; 16882242 AB - Bacterial gene regulation involves transcription factors (TF) that bind to DNA recognition sequences in operon promoters. These recognition sequences, many of which are palindromic, are known as regulatory elements or transcription factor binding sites (TFBS). Some TFs are global regulators that can modulate the expression of hundreds of genes. In this study we examine global regulator half-sites, where a half-site, which we shall call a binding motif (BM), is one half of a palindromic TFBS. We explore the hypothesis that the number of BMs plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, examining empirical data from transcriptional profiling of the CRP and ArcA regulons. We compare the power of BM counts and of full TFBS characteristics to predict induced transcriptional activity. We find that CRP BM counts have a nonlinear effect on CRP-dependent transcriptional activity and predict this activity better than full TFBS quality or location. JF - Gene Regulation and Systems Biology AU - Leuze, Michael R AU - Karpinets, Tatiana V AU - Syed, Mustafa H AU - Beliaev, Alexander S AU - Uberbacher, Edward C AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2012/05/30/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 May 30 SP - 93 EP - 107 PB - Libertas Academica, PO Box 300-874 Auckland New Zealand VL - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts KW - DNA KW - Data processing KW - Gene regulation KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Operons KW - Promoters KW - Regulatory sequences KW - Transcription factors KW - Bacteria KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - A 01490:Miscellaneous KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1028034694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gene+Regulation+and+Systems+Biology&rft.atitle=Binding+Motifs+in+Bacterial+Gene+Promoters+Modulate+Transcriptional+Effects+of+Global+Regulators+CRP+and+ArcA&rft.au=Leuze%2C+Michael+R%3BKarpinets%2C+Tatiana+V%3BSyed%2C+Mustafa+H%3BBeliaev%2C+Alexander+S%3BUberbacher%2C+Edward+C&rft.aulast=Leuze&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2012-05-30&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gene+Regulation+and+Systems+Biology&rft.issn=1177-6250&rft_id=info:doi/10.4137%2FGRSB.S9357 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Promoters; Data processing; Nucleotide sequence; Regulatory sequences; Transcription factors; Gene regulation; DNA; Operons; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/GRSB.S9357 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A synthesis of carbon dioxide emissions from fossil-fuel combustion AN - 1028025320; 16831081 AB - This synthesis discusses the emissions of carbon dioxide from fossil-fuel combustion and cement production. While much is known about these emissions, there is still much that is unknown about the details surrounding these emissions. This synthesis explores our knowledge of these emissions in terms of why there is concern about them; how they are calculated; the major global efforts on inventorying them; their global, regional, and national totals at different spatial and temporal scales; how they are distributed on global grids (i.e., maps); how they are transported in models; and the uncertainties associated with these different aspects of the emissions. The magnitude of emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels has been almost continuously increasing with time since fossil fuels were first used by humans. Despite events in some nations specifically designed to reduce emissions, or which have had emissions reduction as a byproduct of other events, global total emissions continue their general increase with time. Global total fossil-fuel carbon dioxide emissions are known to within 10 % uncertainty (95 % confidence interval). Uncertainty on individual national total fossil-fuel carbon dioxide emissions range from a few percent to more than 50 %. This manuscript concludes that carbon dioxide emissions from fossil-fuel combustion continue to increase with time and that while much is known about the overall characteristics of these emissions, much is still to be learned about the detailed characteristics of these emissions. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Andres, R J AU - Boden, T A AU - Breon, F-M AU - Ciais, P AU - Davis, S AU - Erickson, D AU - Gregg, J S AU - Jacobson, A AU - Marland, G AU - Miller, J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6290 USA Y1 - 2012/05/25/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 May 25 SP - 1845 EP - 1871 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 9 IS - 5 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Fossil fuels KW - Cement KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Combustion KW - Models KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1028025320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=A+synthesis+of+carbon+dioxide+emissions+from+fossil-fuel+combustion&rft.au=Andres%2C+R+J%3BBoden%2C+T+A%3BBreon%2C+F-M%3BCiais%2C+P%3BDavis%2C+S%3BErickson%2C+D%3BGregg%2C+J+S%3BJacobson%2C+A%3BMarland%2C+G%3BMiller%2C+J&rft.aulast=Andres&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2012-05-25&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1845&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cement; Fossil fuels; Carbon dioxide; Models; Combustion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Study of Scientometric Methods to Identify Emerging Technologies via Modeling of Milestones AN - 1347769061; 201303845 AB - This work examines a scientometric model that tracks the emergence of an identified technology from initial discovery (via original scientific and conference literature), through critical discoveries (via original scientific, conference literature and patents), transitioning through Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) and ultimately on to commercial application. During the period of innovation and technology transfer, the impact of scholarly works, patents and on-line web news sources are identified. As trends develop, currency of citations, collaboration indicators, and on-line news patterns are identified. The combinations of four distinct and separate searchable on-line networked sources (i.e., scholarly publications and citation, patents, news archives, and on-line mapping networks) are assembled to become one collective network (a dataset for analysis of relations). This established network becomes the basis from which to quickly analyze the temporal flow of activity (searchable events) for the example subject domain we investigated. Adapted from the source document. JF - Scientometrics AU - Abercrombie, Robert K AU - Udoeyop, Akaninyene W AU - Schlicher, Bob G AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Computational Sciences and Engineering, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6085, USA abercrombier@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/05// PY - 2012 DA - May 2012 SP - 327 EP - 342 PB - Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands VL - 91 IS - 2 SN - 0138-9130, 0138-9130 KW - Knowledge exchange, emerging technologies identification, technology life cycle modeling, scholarly publications and citations, patents, news archives, on-line mapping networks, normalization of disparate data sets KW - Scientometrics KW - Scholarly publishing KW - Patents KW - News KW - Product development KW - Innovations KW - article KW - 5.24: BIBLIOMETRICS, SCIENTOMETRICS, INFORMETRICS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1347769061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientometrics&rft.atitle=A+Study+of+Scientometric+Methods+to+Identify+Emerging+Technologies+via+Modeling+of+Milestones&rft.au=Abercrombie%2C+Robert+K%3BUdoeyop%2C+Akaninyene+W%3BSchlicher%2C+Bob+G&rft.aulast=Abercrombie&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2012-05-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientometrics&rft.issn=01389130&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - SCNTDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Scientometrics; Innovations; Product development; Patents; News; Scholarly publishing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computationally Evaluating and Reproducing the Beauty of Chinese Calligraphy AN - 1081858288; 201210283 AB - Training a computer to evaluate the aesthetics of Chinese characters provides a feedback mechanism to improve the quality of automatically generated calligraphy. Adapted from the source document. JF - IEEE Intelligent Systems AU - Xu, Songhua AU - Jiang, Hao AU - Lau, Francis C.M. AU - Pan, Yunhe AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/05// PY - 2012 DA - May 2012 SP - 63 EP - 72 PB - IEEE, Los Alamitos, CA VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 1541-1672, 1541-1672 KW - intelligent system for art KW - Chinese calligraphy KW - esthetic computing KW - intelligent CAD KW - Evaluation KW - Chinese characters KW - Intelligent systems KW - Feedback KW - article KW - 14.19: COMPUTER APPLICATIONS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1081858288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Intelligent+Systems&rft.atitle=Computationally+Evaluating+and+Reproducing+the+Beauty+of+Chinese+Calligraphy&rft.au=Xu%2C+Songhua%3BJiang%2C+Hao%3BLau%2C+Francis+C.M.%3BPan%2C+Yunhe&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Songhua&rft.date=2012-05-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+Intelligent+Systems&rft.issn=15411672&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FMIS.2012.46 L2 - http://csdl2.computer.org/persagen/DLPublication.jsp?pubtype=m&acronym=ex LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Intelligent systems; Chinese characters; Evaluation; Feedback DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MIS.2012.46 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating future global per capita water availability based on changes in climate and population AN - 1026856997; 2012-062931 AB - Human populations are profoundly affected by water stress, or the lack of sufficient per capita available freshwater. Water stress can result from overuse of available freshwater resources or from a reduction in the amount of available water due to decreases in rainfall and stored water supplies. Analyzing the interrelationship between human populations and water availability is complicated by the uncertainties associated with climate change projections and population projections. We present a simple methodology developed to integrate disparate climate and population data sources and develop first-order per capita water availability projections at the global scale. Simulations from the coupled land-ocean-atmosphere Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3) forced with a range of hypothetical greenhouse gas emissions scenarios are used to project grid-based changes in precipitation minus evapotranspiration as proxies for changes in runoff, or fresh water supply. Population growth changes, according to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) storylines, are used as proxies for changes in fresh water demand by 2025, 2050 and 2100. These freshwater supply and demand projections are then combined to yield estimates of per capita water availability aggregated by watershed and political unit. Results suggest that important insights might be extracted from the use of the process developed here, notably including the identification of the globe's most vulnerable regions in need of more detailed analysis and the relative importance of population growth versus climate change in altering future freshwater supplies. However, these are only exemplary insights and, as such, could be considered hypotheses that should be rigorously tested with multiple climate models, multiple observational climate datasets, and more comprehensive population change storylines. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Parish, Esther S AU - Kodra, Evan AU - Steinhaeuser, Karsten AU - Ganguly, Auroop R Y1 - 2012/05// PY - 2012 DA - May 2012 SP - 79 EP - 86 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 42 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - hydrology KW - water supply KW - rainfall KW - consumption KW - global KW - statistical analysis KW - fresh water KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - models KW - geographic information systems KW - runoff KW - information systems KW - water resources KW - uncertainty KW - climate KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1026856997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Estimating+future+global+per+capita+water+availability+based+on+changes+in+climate+and+population&rft.au=Parish%2C+Esther+S%3BKodra%2C+Evan%3BSteinhaeuser%2C+Karsten%3BGanguly%2C+Auroop+R&rft.aulast=Parish&rft.aufirst=Esther&rft.date=2012-05-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2012.01.019 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-19 N1 - CODEN - GGEOD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate; climate change; consumption; environmental effects; fresh water; geographic information systems; global; hydrology; information systems; models; rainfall; runoff; statistical analysis; uncertainty; water resources; water supply DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2012.01.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Draft Genome Sequence of Rhizobium sp. Strain PDO1-076, a Bacterium Isolated from Populus deltoides AN - 1020840625; 16765101 AB - Rhizobium sp. strain PDO1-076 is a plant-associated bacterium isolated from Populus deltoides, and its draft genome sequence is reported. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Klingeman, Dawn M AU - Lu, Tse-Yuan S AU - Johnson, Courtney M AU - Utturkar, Sagar M AU - Land, Miriam L AU - Schadt, Christopher W AU - Doktycz, Mitchel J AU - Pelletier, Dale A AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA, StevenD.Brown,brownsd{at}ornl.gov,orDaleA.Pelletier,pelletierda{at}ornl.gov. Y1 - 2012/05// PY - 2012 DA - May 2012 SP - 2383 EP - 2384 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 194 IS - 9 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - Bacteria KW - Rhizobium KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Populus deltoides KW - A 01390:Forestry KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020840625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Draft+Genome+Sequence+of+Rhizobium+sp.+Strain+PDO1-076%2C+a+Bacterium+Isolated+from+Populus+deltoides&rft.au=Brown%2C+Steven+D%3BKlingeman%2C+Dawn+M%3BLu%2C+Tse-Yuan+S%3BJohnson%2C+Courtney+M%3BUtturkar%2C+Sagar+M%3BLand%2C+Miriam+L%3BSchadt%2C+Christopher+W%3BDoktycz%2C+Mitchel+J%3BPelletier%2C+Dale+A&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2012-05-01&rft.volume=194&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.00198-12 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Nucleotide sequence; Bacteria; Rhizobium; Populus deltoides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.00198-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of morphological growth state and gene expression in Desulfovibrio africanus strain Walvis Bay mercury methylation. AN - 1010636642; 22500779 AB - The biogeochemical transformations of mercury are a complex process, with the production of methylmercury, a potent human neurotoxin, repeatedly demonstrated in sulfate- and Fe(III)-reducing as well as methanogenic bacteria. However, little is known regarding the morphology, genes, or proteins involved in methylmercury generation. Desulfovibrio africanus strain Walvis Bay is a Hg-methylating δ-proteobacterium with a sequenced genome and has unusual pleomorphic forms. In this study, a relationship between the pleomorphism and Hg methylation was investigated. Proportional increases in the sigmoidal (regular) cell form corresponded with increased net MeHg production but decreased when the pinched cocci (persister) form became the major morphotype. D. africanus microarrays indicated that the ferrous iron transport genes (feoAB), as well as ribosomal genes and several genes whose products are predicted to have metal binding domains (CxxC), were up-regulated during exposure to Hg in the exponential phase. Whereas no specific methylation pathways were identified, the finding that Hg may interfere with iron transport and the correlation of growth-phase-dependent morphology with MeHg production are notable. The identification of these relationships between differential gene expression, morphology, and the growth-phase dependence of Hg transformations suggests that actively growing cells are primarily responsible for methylation, and so areas with ample carbon and electron-acceptor concentrations may also generate a higher proportion of methylmercury than more oligotrophic environments. The observation of increased iron transporter expression also suggests that Hg methylation may interfere with iron biogeochemical cycles. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Moberly, James G AU - Miller, Carrie L AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Biswas, Abir AU - Brandt, Craig C AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Elias, Dwayne A AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. Y1 - 2012/05/01/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 May 01 SP - 4926 EP - 4932 VL - 46 IS - 9 KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - 0 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Mercury -- pharmacology KW - Desulfovibrio africanus -- metabolism KW - Desulfovibrio africanus -- growth & development KW - Desulfovibrio africanus -- drug effects KW - Desulfovibrio africanus -- genetics KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1010636642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Role+of+morphological+growth+state+and+gene+expression+in+Desulfovibrio+africanus+strain+Walvis+Bay+mercury+methylation.&rft.au=Moberly%2C+James+G%3BMiller%2C+Carrie+L%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D%3BBiswas%2C+Abir%3BBrandt%2C+Craig+C%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BElias%2C+Dwayne+A&rft.aulast=Moberly&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2012-05-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4926&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes3000933 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2012-09-10 N1 - Date created - 2012-05-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es3000933 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil carbon and nitrogen cycling and storage throughout the soil profile in a sweetgum plantation after 11 years of CO2-enrichment AN - 1008846747; 16548683 AB - Increased partitioning of carbon (C) to fine roots under elevated [CO2], especially deep in the soil profile, could alter soil C and nitrogen (N) cycling in forests. After more than 11 years of free-air CO2 enrichment in a Liquidambar styraciflua L. (sweetgum) plantation in Oak Ridge, TN, USA, greater inputs of fine roots resulted in the incorporation of new C (i.e., C with a depleted delta 13C) into root-derived particulate organic matter (POM) pools to 90-cm depth. Even though production in the sweetgum stand was limited by soil N availability, soil C and N contents were greater throughout the soil profile under elevated [CO2] at the conclusion of the experiment. Greater C inputs from fine-root detritus under elevated [CO2] did not result in increased net N immobilization or C mineralization rates in long-term laboratory incubations, possibly because microbial biomass was lower in the CO2-enriched plots. Furthermore, the delta 13CO2 of the C mineralized from the incubated soil closely tracked the delta 13C of the labile POM pool in the elevated [CO2] treatment, especially in shallower soil, and did not indicate significant priming of the decomposition of pre-experiment soil organic matter (SOM). Although potential C mineralization rates were positively and linearly related to total SOM C content in the top 30 cm of soil, this relationship did not hold in deeper soil. Taken together with an increased mean residence time of C in deeper soil pools, these findings indicate that C inputs from relatively deep roots under elevated [CO2] may increase the potential for long-term soil C storage. However, C in deeper soil is likely to take many years to accrue to a significant fraction of total soil C given relatively smaller root inputs at depth. Expanded representation of biogeochemical cycling throughout the soil profile may improve model projections of future forest responses to rising atmospheric [CO2]. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Iversen, Colleen M AU - Keller, Jason K AU - Garten, Charles T AU - Norby, Richard J AD - Environmental Sciences Division. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/05// PY - 2012 DA - May 2012 SP - 1684 EP - 1697 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 18 IS - 5 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Forests KW - Roots KW - Mineralization KW - Decomposition KW - Models KW - Soil KW - plantations KW - Carbon KW - Soil profiles KW - Detritus KW - Organic matter KW - Carbon cycle KW - Soils (organic) KW - Biomass KW - Plantations KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Storage KW - USA KW - Particulate organic matter KW - Nitrogen cycle KW - Liquidambar styraciflua KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Immobilization KW - Nitrogen KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1008846747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.atitle=Private-Equity+Firms+Rework+Yahoo+Proposal&rft.au=Chon%2C+Gina%3BDas%2C+Anupreeta&rft.aulast=Chon&rft.aufirst=Gina&rft.date=2011-12-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Organic matter; Carbon cycle; Roots; Forests; Soils (organic); Biomass; Mineralization; Decomposition; Plantations; Models; Carbon; Particulate organic matter; Soil profiles; Carbon dioxide; Detritus; Immobilization; Nitrogen; Storage; plantations; Soil; Nitrogen cycle; Liquidambar styraciflua; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02643.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Self-assembled ferromagnetic cobalt/yttria-stabilized zirconia nanocomposites for ultrahigh density storage applications. AN - 963493141; 22437151 AB - We report on a low-cost, innovative approach for synthesizing prepatterned, magnetic nanostructures, the shapes and dimensions of which can be easily tuned to meet requirements for next-generation data storage technology. The magnetic nanostructures consist of self-assembled Co nanodots and nanowires embedded in yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) matrices. The controllable size and aspect ratio of the nanostructures allows the selection of morphologies ranging from nanodots to nanowires. Co nanowires show strong shape anisotropy and large remanence at 300 K. In contrast, Co nanodots display minimal effects of magnetocrystalline anisotropy and superparamagnetic relaxation above the blocking temperature. These prepatterned magnetic nanostructures are very promising candidates for data storage technology with an ultrahigh density of 1 terabit in(-2) or higher. JF - Nanotechnology AU - Shin, Junsoo AU - Goyal, Amit AU - Cantoni, Claudia AU - Sinclair, John W AU - Thompson, James R AD - Materials Sciences and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. Y1 - 2012/04/20/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Apr 20 SP - 155602 VL - 23 IS - 15 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/963493141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanotechnology&rft.atitle=Self-assembled+ferromagnetic+cobalt%2Fyttria-stabilized+zirconia+nanocomposites+for+ultrahigh+density+storage+applications.&rft.au=Shin%2C+Junsoo%3BGoyal%2C+Amit%3BCantoni%2C+Claudia%3BSinclair%2C+John+W%3BThompson%2C+James+R&rft.aulast=Shin&rft.aufirst=Junsoo&rft.date=2012-04-20&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=155602&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanotechnology&rft.issn=1361-6528&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0957-4484%2F23%2F15%2F155602 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2012-09-27 N1 - Date created - 2012-03-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/23/15/155602 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular simulation as a tool for studying lignin AN - 1776657329; PQ0002796006 AB - Lignocellulosic biomass provides a sustainable source of sugars for biofuel and biomaterial production. However, biomass resistance to degradation imposes difficulties for economical conversion of plant carbohydrates to fermentable sugars. One of the key contributors to recalcitrance is lignin. Understanding the properties of lignin macromolecules in the cell wall matrix is useful for manipulating biomass structure to generate more easily degradable biomass. Along with experimental techniques such as 2D-NMR and mass spectrometry, computational techniques can be useful for characterizing the structural and energetic properties of the biomass assembly and its individual constituents. Here, we provide a brief introduction to lignin, review some of the recent, relevant scientific literature, and give our perspectives on the role of molecular simulation in understanding lignin structure. copyright 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2012 JF - Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy AU - Sangha, Amandeep K AU - Petridis, Loukas AU - Smith, Jeremy C AU - Ziebell, Angela AU - Parks, Jerry M AD - UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6309. Y1 - 2012/04// PY - 2012 DA - April 2012 SP - 47 EP - 54 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 1944-7442, 1944-7442 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776657329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress+%26+Sustainable+Energy&rft.atitle=Molecular+simulation+as+a+tool+for+studying+lignin&rft.au=Sangha%2C+Amandeep+K%3BPetridis%2C+Loukas%3BSmith%2C+Jeremy+C%3BZiebell%2C+Angela%3BParks%2C+Jerry+M&rft.aulast=Sangha&rft.aufirst=Amandeep&rft.date=2012-04-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress+%26+Sustainable+Energy&rft.issn=19447442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fep.10628 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ep.10628 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of carbon cycling, including dissolved organic carbon transport, in forest soil locally enriched with (super 14) C AN - 1729846477; 2015-105270 AB - The DyDOC model was used to simulate the soil carbon cycle of a deciduous forest at the Oak Ridge Reservation (Tennessee, USA). The model application relied on extensive data from the Enriched Background Isotope Study (EBIS), which exploited a short-term local atmospheric enrichment of radiocarbon to establish a large-scale manipulation experiment with different inputs of (super 14) C from both above-ground and below-ground litter. The model was first fitted to hydrological data, then observed pools and fluxes of carbon and (super 14) C data were used to fit parameters describing metabolic transformations of soil organic matter (SOM) components and the transport and sorption of dissolved organic matter (DOM). This produced a detailed quantitative description of soil C cycling in the three horizons (O, A, B) of the soil profile. According to the parameterised model, SOM turnover within the thin O-horizon rapidly produces DOM (46 gC m (super -2) a (super -1) ), which is predominantly hydrophobic. This DOM is nearly all adsorbed in the A- and B-horizons, and while most is mineralised relatively quickly, 11 gC m (super -2) a (super -1) undergoes a "maturing" reaction, producing mineral-associated stable SOM pools with mean residence times of 100-200 years. Only a small flux ( approximately 1 gC m (super -2) a (super -1) ) of hydrophilic DOM leaves the B-horizon. The SOM not associated with mineral matter is assumed to be derived from root litter, and turns over quite quickly (mean residence time 20-30 years). Although DyDOC was successfully fitted to C pools, annual fluxes and (super 14) C data, it accounted less well for short-term variations in DOC concentrations. Copyright 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. JF - Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) AU - Tipping, E AU - Chamberlain, P M AU - Froberg, M AU - Hanson, P J AU - Jardine, P M Y1 - 2012/04// PY - 2012 DA - April 2012 SP - 91 EP - 107 PB - Springer, Dordrecht - Boston - Lancaster VL - 108 IS - 1-3 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - United States KW - forest soils KW - sorption KW - isotopes KW - enrichment KW - DyDOC KW - stability KW - simulation KW - Oak Ridge Tennessee KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - carbon KW - Tennessee KW - organic carbon KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - background level KW - National Environmental Research Park KW - solutes KW - depth KW - geochemical cycle KW - organic compounds KW - residence time KW - carbon cycle KW - C-14 KW - transformations KW - 25:Soils KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729846477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+carbon+cycling%2C+including+dissolved+organic+carbon+transport%2C+in+forest+soil+locally+enriched+with+%28super+14%29+C&rft.au=Tipping%2C+E%3BChamberlain%2C+P+M%3BFroberg%2C+M%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BJardine%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Marcotti&rft.aufirst=Gabriele&rft.date=2011-12-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100244/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, chart N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - background level; C-14; carbon; carbon cycle; depth; DyDOC; enrichment; forest soils; geochemical cycle; isotopes; National Environmental Research Park; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Tennessee; organic carbon; organic compounds; radioactive isotopes; residence time; simulation; soils; solutes; sorption; stability; Tennessee; transformations; transport; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-011-9575-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Statistical significance of trends in monthly heavy precipitation over the US AN - 1008839087; 16513982 AB - Trends in monthly heavy precipitation, defined by a return period of one year, are assessed for statistical significance in observations and Global Climate Model (GCM) simulations over the contiguous United States using Monte Carlo non-parametric and parametric bootstrapping techniques. The results from the two Monte Carlo approaches are found to be similar to each other, and also to the traditional non-parametric Kendall's tau test, implying the robustness of the approach. Two different observational data-sets are employed to test for trends in monthly heavy precipitation and are found to exhibit consistent results. Both data-sets demonstrate upward trends, one of which is found to be statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. Upward trends similar to observations are observed in some climate model simulations of the twentieth century, but their statistical significance is marginal. For projections of the twenty-first century, a statistically significant upwards trend is observed in most of the climate models analyzed. The change in the simulated precipitation variance appears to be more important in the twenty-first century projections than changes in the mean precipitation. Stochastic fluctuations of the climate-system are found to be dominate monthly heavy precipitation as some GCM simulations show a downwards trend even in the twenty-first century projections when the greenhouse gas forcings are strong. JF - Climate Dynamics AU - Mahajan, Salil AU - North, Gerald R AU - Saravanan, R AU - Genton, Marc G AD - Computational Earth Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830-6301, USA, mahajans@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/04// PY - 2012 DA - April 2012 SP - 1375 EP - 1387 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 38 IS - 7-8 SN - 0930-7575, 0930-7575 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Heavy precipitation KW - Rainfall KW - Climate change KW - Statistical analysis KW - Monte Carlo method KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Testing Procedures KW - Climate models KW - Mean precipitation KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Simulation KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Precipitation KW - Projections KW - Model Studies KW - USA KW - Numerical simulations KW - General circulation models KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Fluctuations KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - O 2020:Hydrodynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1008839087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Dynamics&rft.atitle=Statistical+significance+of+trends+in+monthly+heavy+precipitation+over+the+US&rft.au=Mahajan%2C+Salil%3BNorth%2C+Gerald+R%3BSaravanan%2C+R%3BGenton%2C+Marc+G&rft.aulast=Mahajan&rft.aufirst=Salil&rft.date=2012-04-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=1375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Dynamics&rft.issn=09307575&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00382-011-1091-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; Statistical analysis; Greenhouse effect; Atmospheric circulation; Heavy precipitation; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Mean precipitation; General circulation models; Monte Carlo method; Precipitation; Greenhouse gases; Monte Carlo simulation; Rainfall; Climate; Simulation; Testing Procedures; Climates; Statistical Analysis; Projections; Fluctuations; Model Studies; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-011-1091-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reconciling estimates of the contemporary North American carbon balance among terrestrial biosphere models, atmospheric inversions, and a new approach for estimating net ecosystem exchange from inventory-based data AN - 1008830922; 16509205 AB - We develop an approach for estimating net ecosystem exchange (NEE) using inventory-based information over North America (NA) for a recent 7-year period (ca. 2000-2006). The approach notably retains information on the spatial distribution of NEE, or the vertical exchange between land and atmosphere of all non-fossil fuel sources and sinks of CO2, while accounting for lateral transfers of forest and crop products as well as their eventual emissions. The total NEE estimate of a -327 +/- 252 TgC yr-1 sink for NA was driven primarily by CO2 uptake in the Forest Lands sector (-248 TgC yr-1), largely in the Northwest and Southeast regions of the US, and in the Crop Lands sector (-297 TgC yr-1), predominantly in the Midwest US states. These sinks are counteracted by the carbon source estimated for the Other Lands sector (+218 TgC yr-1), where much of the forest and crop products are assumed to be returned to the atmosphere (through livestock and human consumption). The ecosystems of Mexico are estimated to be a small net source (+18 TgC yr-1) due to land use change between 1993 and 2002. We compare these inventory-based estimates with results from a suite of terrestrial biosphere and atmospheric inversion models, where the mean continental-scale NEE estimate for each ensemble is -511 TgC yr-1 and -931 TgC yr-1, respectively. In the modeling approaches, all sectors, including Other Lands, were generally estimated to be a carbon sink, driven in part by assumed CO2 fertilization and/or lack of consideration of carbon sources from disturbances and product emissions. Additional fluxes not measured by the inventories, although highly uncertain, could add an additional -239 TgC yr-1 to the inventory-based NA sink estimate, thus suggesting some convergence with the modeling approaches. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Hayes, Daniel J AU - Turner, David P AU - Stinson, Graham AU - McGuire, ADavid AU - Wei, Yaxing AU - West, Tristram O AU - Heath, Linda S AU - de Jong, Bernardus AU - McConkey, Brian G AU - Birdsey, Richard A AU - Kurz, Werner A AU - Jacobson, Andrew R AU - Huntzinger, Deborah N AU - Pan, Yude AU - Post, WMac AU - Cook, Robert B AD - Environmental Sciences Division. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/04// PY - 2012 DA - Apr 2012 SP - 1282 EP - 1299 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Biosphere models KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Spatial distribution KW - Fuels KW - Forests KW - spatial discrimination KW - Biosphere KW - Carbon sources KW - Atmosphere KW - Crops KW - Models KW - Fertilization KW - carbon sinks KW - Convergence KW - Emissions KW - Carbon dioxide emissions KW - Inventories KW - Data processing KW - carbon sources KW - Inversions KW - Land use KW - Livestock KW - Mexico KW - Inversion KW - Carbon dioxide KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1008830922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Reconciling+estimates+of+the+contemporary+North+American+carbon+balance+among+terrestrial+biosphere+models%2C+atmospheric+inversions%2C+and+a+new+approach+for+estimating+net+ecosystem+exchange+from+inventory-based+data&rft.au=Hayes%2C+Daniel+J%3BTurner%2C+David+P%3BStinson%2C+Graham%3BMcGuire%2C+ADavid%3BWei%2C+Yaxing%3BWest%2C+Tristram+O%3BHeath%2C+Linda+S%3Bde+Jong%2C+Bernardus%3BMcConkey%2C+Brian+G%3BBirdsey%2C+Richard+A%3BKurz%2C+Werner+A%3BJacobson%2C+Andrew+R%3BHuntzinger%2C+Deborah+N%3BPan%2C+Yude%3BPost%2C+WMac%3BCook%2C+Robert+B&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2012-04-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1282&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2486.2011.02627.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inventories; Data processing; Spatial distribution; Fuels; Forests; spatial discrimination; Carbon sources; Biosphere; Atmosphere; Crops; Land use; Models; Livestock; Fertilization; Convergence; Inversion; carbon sinks; Carbon dioxide; Biosphere models; Atmospheric pollution models; Carbon dioxide emissions; Inversions; carbon sources; Emissions; Mexico DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02627.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sol-gel synthesis of nanocrystalline fayalite (Fe (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) ) AN - 1008817519; 2012-041846 AB - Fayalite (Fe (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) ), and other Fe-rich olivine, is often found in the reducing environments of the Moon, Mars, and other extraterrestrial bodies, but the oxidation state of the terrestrial mantle restricts the amount of Fe found in olivine on Earth. For this reason, synthetic fayalite is needed for use in planetary-analog and other studies. Here we present a method for the synthesis of nanocrystalline fayalite (nanofayalite) using a sol-gel technique. Iron(II) chloride, sodium ethoxide, and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) were reacted to produce a precursor gel, which was subsequently calcined under reducing conditions to crystallize nanofayalite. Powder X-ray diffraction analyses indicate that the produced nanofayalite is nearly pure, with minor amounts (0.5-3%) of metallic Fe in some batches. Scanning electron microscope images of nanofayalite crystals show euhedral to subhedral crystals that range in size between 100 and 150 nm. Estimates of specific surface area were determined by both the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Langmuir adsorption methods and indicate average surface areas of 27.7 and 45.3 m (super 2) /g, respectively. Regulation of the redox environment was the critical challenge for this synthesis, but careful control of oxygen fugacity during reactant addition and mixing, sol-gel drying, and calcination ensured fayalite crystallization. JF - American Mineralogist AU - DeAngelis, Michael T AU - Rondinone, Adam J AU - Pawel, Michelle D AU - Labotka, Theodore C AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M Y1 - 2012/04// PY - 2012 DA - April 2012 SP - 653 EP - 656 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 97 IS - 4 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - colloidal materials KW - oxygen KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - diffractograms KW - mantle KW - techniques KW - olivine group KW - powder method KW - gels KW - fugacity KW - solid phase KW - nesosilicates KW - fayalite KW - orthosilicates KW - synthesis KW - nanoparticles KW - synthetic materials KW - SEM data KW - instruments KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1008817519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Sol-gel+synthesis+of+nanocrystalline+fayalite+%28Fe+%28sub+2%29+SiO+%28sub+4%29+%29&rft.au=DeAngelis%2C+Michael+T%3BRondinone%2C+Adam+J%3BPawel%2C+Michelle+D%3BLabotka%2C+Theodore+C%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=DeAngelis&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2012-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - colloidal materials; diffractograms; fayalite; fugacity; gels; instruments; mantle; nanoparticles; nesosilicates; olivine group; orthosilicates; oxygen; powder method; SEM data; silicates; solid phase; synthesis; synthetic materials; techniques; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2012.3899 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phase Stability and Elemental Redistribution under High-Dose Ion Irradiation in 14YWT Nanostructured Ferritic Alloy AN - 1701021792; 18029234 AB - Structural materials for advanced nuclear reactors require long-term stability and radiation tolerance at elevated temperatures over extended lifetimes. Ion irradiation can be used to simulate knock-on damage and evaluate radiation-induced microstructural instabilities that may occur as a result of accumulation of radiation damage during neutron irradiation. A 14YWT nanostructured ferritic alloy was irradiated with 10 MeV Au/Pt to a penetration depth of ~1.5 m and doses up to ~500 dpa between -100 and 750 degree C. Heavy ions are used to maximize the deposited energy and minimize the implanted ion content for a given displacement damage level. The irradiation-induced redistribution of Cr, W, C, N, O, Ti and Y and the response of the microstructure to high doses were characterized by complementary techniques of electron microscopy, atom probe tomography, X-ray diffraction, and secondary ion mass spectrometry. This research was sponsored by the U.S. DOE-BES-MSED and SUFD (SHaRE [APT and TEM]). JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Zhang, Yanwen AU - Zhu, Zihua AU - Parish, Chad AU - Edmondson, Philip AU - Miller, Michael AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); METADEX (MD); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN) KW - Steels KW - 14YWT KW - Damage KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Atomic properties KW - Stability KW - Alloying elements KW - Ion irradiation KW - Nanostructure KW - Microstructure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701021792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Phase+Stability+and+Elemental+Redistribution+under+High-Dose+Ion+Irradiation+in+14YWT+Nanostructured+Ferritic+Alloy&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Yanwen%3BZhu%2C+Zihua%3BParish%2C+Chad%3BEdmondson%2C+Philip%3BMiller%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Yanwen&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-09-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Role of Cu in an Iron-Based Bulk Metallic Glass AN - 1671430235; 18026827 AB - Low cost, iron-based bulk metallic glasses are potential materials for use as transformer cores, as they can be processed to have superior soft magnetic properties to grain-oriented silicon steels and can be cast directly in the final form for the core elements. Doping a soft magnetic Fe76-xC7.0Si3.3B5.0P8.7Cux bulk metallic glass alloy with 0.3% Cu dramatically improves the glass forming ability. The roles of Cu (x=0, 0.3 and 0.7 at.% Cu) and the other solutes on the microstructure in the as-spun state and after an isothermal anneal of 0.5 h at 729 K has been investigated by atom probe tomography. The results indicate that the microstructure has phase separated into a fine scale distribution of Fe-rich and Cu-rich precipitates and carbides during annealing.Research supported by ORNL's Shared Research Equipment (SHaRE) User Facility, which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Miller, Michael AU - Gao, J AU - Wu, Y AU - Lu, Z AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); METADEX (MD); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN) KW - Annealing KW - Amorphous materials KW - Transformers KW - Offices KW - Copper KW - Microstructure KW - Metallic glasses KW - Doping UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671430235?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+Cu+in+an+Iron-Based+Bulk+Metallic+Glass&rft.au=Miller%2C+Michael%3BGao%2C+J%3BWu%2C+Y%3BLu%2C+Z&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of High-Performance Structural Alloys for Nuclear Energy Systems AN - 1671407198; 18028832 AB - Numerous structural materials are required for the operation of fission and proposed fusion energy systems. A series of high performance pressure vessel steels, austenitic alloys, and tempered ferritic/martensitic steels have recently been designed and fabricated for aggressive operating environments such as fossil and nuclear energy systems. The alloy design utilized a variety of tools such as computational thermodynamics to rapidly converge on an optimized alloy composition. Several examples of these high-performance alloys that are tailored for specific extreme operating environments will be given, based on traditional ingot-based steel metallurgy methods and alternative techniques such as powder metallurgy production of oxide dispersion strengthened steels. Recent work to design a series of creep-resistant steels that form a self-healing alumina surface film at high temperatures will be summarized. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Zinkle, Steven AU - Brady, Michael AU - Yamamoto, Yuki AU - Santella, Michael AU - Maziasz, Phillip AU - Hoelzer, David AU - Busby, Jeremy AU - Tan, Lizhen AU - Muralidharan, Govindarajan AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); METADEX (MD); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Aluminium Industry Abstracts (AI) KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Design engineering KW - Fossils KW - Alloys KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Structural steels KW - Nuclear engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671407198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Development+of+High-Performance+Structural+Alloys+for+Nuclear+Energy+Systems&rft.au=Zinkle%2C+Steven%3BBrady%2C+Michael%3BYamamoto%2C+Yuki%3BSantella%2C+Michael%3BMaziasz%2C+Phillip%3BHoelzer%2C+David%3BBusby%2C+Jeremy%3BTan%2C+Lizhen%3BMuralidharan%2C+Govindarajan&rft.aulast=Zinkle&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of Cast Alumina-Forming Austenitic Stainless Steel Alloys AN - 1372610886; 18028391 AB - There is significant interest in the development of alumina forming creep resistant alloys for use in various industrial process environments. Earlier studies have outlined the development of wrought Alumina Forming Austenitic (AFA) alloys. These alloys achieve good high-temperature oxidation resistance due to the formation of protective Al2O3 scales while multiple second-phase precipitation strengthening contributes to excellent creep resistance. This work will summarize the results on the development of cast AFA alloys. Oxidation resistance and creep properties have been evaluated in the as-solidified condition and compared with that achieved in the wrought alloys over the temperature range of 650 degree C to 800 degree C. This talk will summarize the effect of alloying element additions on the oxidation and creep properties of cast AFA alloys.Research sponsored by the U.S. Department Of Energy, Office of EERE Industrial Technologies Program, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Muralidharan, Govindarajan AU - Yamamoto, Yukinori AU - Brady, Michael AU - Walker, Larry AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - USA KW - Creep KW - Contracts KW - Conferences KW - Oxidation KW - Temperature KW - Alloys KW - Steel KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372610886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Development+of+Cast+Alumina-Forming+Austenitic+Stainless+Steel+Alloys&rft.au=Muralidharan%2C+Govindarajan%3BYamamoto%2C+Yukinori%3BBrady%2C+Michael%3BWalker%2C+Larry&rft.aulast=Muralidharan&rft.aufirst=Govindarajan&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Creep; Conferences; Contracts; Oxidation; Temperature; Alloys; Steel; Technology; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Solder Properties on Microstructural and Damage Evolution in Au-Sn Solder Joints AN - 1372609615; 18028002 AB - There is a significant need for next-generation, high-performance power electronic packages and systems with wide band gap devices that operate at high temperatures in automotive and electric grid applications. Au-Sn solder is a candidate for use in such packages with potential operating temperatures up to 200oC and higher. The results of a study on the damage evolution occurring in large area Au-Sn solder joints between silicon carbide dies and Direct Bonded Copper (DBC) substrates subject to thermal cycling between 200 degree C and 5 degree C is presented in this paper. Differences in the damage accumulation as a function of thermal cycling characterized using high resolution x-ray radiography in Au-Sn solder will be compared to that in Sn-3.5Ag solder. Effect of geometry and solder properties on observed damage will be presented. *Work sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Muralidharan, Govindarajan AU - Kurumaddali, Kanth AU - Kercher, Andrew AU - Leslie, Scott AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Tin base alloys KW - Sn-3.5Ag KW - USA KW - Silicon KW - Conferences KW - High temperature KW - Temperature KW - Copper KW - Radiography KW - Packaging KW - Technology KW - ENA 18:Transportation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372609615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Solder+Properties+on+Microstructural+and+Damage+Evolution+in+Au-Sn+Solder+Joints&rft.au=Muralidharan%2C+Govindarajan%3BKurumaddali%2C+Kanth%3BKercher%2C+Andrew%3BLeslie%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Muralidharan&rft.aufirst=Govindarajan&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Silicon; Conferences; High temperature; Temperature; Radiography; Copper; Technology; Packaging; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Investigation of the Tempering Kinetics and Residual Stress States of a Cryogenically Treated and High Magnetic Field Processed Steel via Neutron Scattering Experiments AN - 1372609505; 18029700 AB - Commercial steel and heat-treating operations have been plagued with costly conventional processing steps (e.g., cryogenic treatments, long double-temper cycles) to reduce the amount of retained austenite (RA). Research at ORNL is investigating the application of high magnet fields to destabilize retained austenite and reduce residual stresses. Neutron scattering experiments were performed at the Spallation Neutron Source on the VULCAN instrument to investigate the residual stress state and tempering kinetics in a steel sample processed under extreme conditions (9 Tesla) alongside cryogenically processed materials. The neutron scattering experiments revealed a structural rearrangement in the tetragonal phase at temperatures below 100 degree C and indicated that the massive transformation was complete at much lower temperatures than expected. First principles calculations help identify alternative arrangements of interstitial carbon and their relationship to residual strain. Additionally, the residual stress state was examined and correlated to the structural relaxation of the metastable phases. Study funded by DOE-ITP-EERE. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Rios, Orlando AU - Watkins, Tom AU - Yang, Ling AU - Stocia, Alexandru AU - Shassere, Ben AU - Nicholoson, Don AU - Ludtka, Gerry AU - Ludtka, Gail AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Magnetic fields KW - Conferences KW - Kinetics KW - Temperature KW - Stress KW - Steel KW - Technology KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372609505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=An+Investigation+of+the+Tempering+Kinetics+and+Residual+Stress+States+of+a+Cryogenically+Treated+and+High+Magnetic+Field+Processed+Steel+via+Neutron+Scattering+Experiments&rft.au=Rios%2C+Orlando%3BWatkins%2C+Tom%3BYang%2C+Ling%3BStocia%2C+Alexandru%3BShassere%2C+Ben%3BNicholoson%2C+Don%3BLudtka%2C+Gerry%3BLudtka%2C+Gail&rft.aulast=Rios&rft.aufirst=Orlando&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Magnetic fields; Conferences; Kinetics; Temperature; Stress; Steel; Technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Localized Plasmon Enhancement at Dopant Sites in Graphene AN - 1372608697; 18026753 AB - Using Z-contrast imaging combined with electron energy-loss (EEL) spectrum imaging in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), combined with theoretical simulations, we show that a single point defect can act as an atomic antenna in the petaHertz (1015 Hz) frequency range. Stable point defect complexes consisting of substitutional Si and N atoms lead to localized surface plasmon resonances at the sub-nanometer scale. We show further that chains of defects could be used to form nanoscale plasmonic waveguides. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Pennycook, Stephen AU - Zhou, Wu AU - Lee, Jaekwang AU - Nanda, Jagjit AU - Pantelides, Sokrates AU - Oxley, Mark AU - Prange, Micah AU - Idrobo, Juan-Carlos AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Conferences KW - Microscopy KW - Simulation KW - Technology KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372608697?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Localized+Plasmon+Enhancement+at+Dopant+Sites+in+Graphene&rft.au=Pennycook%2C+Stephen%3BZhou%2C+Wu%3BLee%2C+Jaekwang%3BNanda%2C+Jagjit%3BPantelides%2C+Sokrates%3BOxley%2C+Mark%3BPrange%2C+Micah%3BIdrobo%2C+Juan-Carlos&rft.aulast=Pennycook&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Conferences; Microscopy; Simulation; Technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating the Effect of Poisson Ratio on Metallic Glasses AN - 1372608632; 18028681 AB - The Poisson ratio of a glass has been correlated with the fragility of the liquid phase and with the fracture energy of a glass. There has been little theoretical work supporting this, due to a lack of a direct method of incorporating this. We have developed an interatomic potential that allows the Poisson ratio to be tuned. Simulations of the liquid show that increasing the Poisson ratio stabilizes the liquid phase, and increases the liquid fragility. Structural and dynamic properties in the liquid phase all show changes on undercooling that indicate a change in the liquid behavior above the glass transition. Research supported by the US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Morris, James AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Conferences KW - Simulation KW - Technology KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372608632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Simulating+the+Effect+of+Poisson+Ratio+on+Metallic+Glasses&rft.au=Morris%2C+James&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Conferences; Simulation; Technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Utilizing In-Situ Neutron Diffraction for Mesoscale Simulation of Recrystallization Texture in Polycrystalline Aluminum AN - 1372608407; 18027989 AB - Direct modeling of nucleation during recrystallization is difficult because of our inability to capture the details of the complex deformation substructure and their rearrangement. Currently available nucleation models are largely empirically based. We illustrate an approach to model nucleation based on in-situ neutron diffraction to monitor the peak profile changes associated with recovery. Neutron diffraction data are obtained for straight rolled as well as cross-rolled Al-Mg alloy with or without an externally applied stress during annealing. The nucleation model is used in a mesoscale simulation of recrystallization of deformed microstructures calculated by a crystal plasticity based model in order to predict the dependence of the deformation path and the external stress on the recrystallization texture development in the alloy. Research sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. De-AC05-00OR22725. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Radhakrishnan, Bala AU - Gorti, Sarma AU - Stoica, Grigoreta AU - Stoica, Alexandru AU - Muralidharan, Govindarajan AU - Thomas, Muth AU - Wang, Xun-Li AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Conferences KW - Contracts KW - Aluminum KW - Alloys KW - Simulation KW - Stress KW - Research programs KW - Deformation KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372608407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Utilizing+In-Situ+Neutron+Diffraction+for+Mesoscale+Simulation+of+Recrystallization+Texture+in+Polycrystalline+Aluminum&rft.au=Radhakrishnan%2C+Bala%3BGorti%2C+Sarma%3BStoica%2C+Grigoreta%3BStoica%2C+Alexandru%3BMuralidharan%2C+Govindarajan%3BThomas%2C+Muth%3BWang%2C+Xun-Li&rft.aulast=Radhakrishnan&rft.aufirst=Bala&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Contracts; Conferences; Aluminum; Stress; Simulation; Alloys; Research programs; Technology; Deformation; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scientific Opportunities at the High Flux Isotope Reactor Neutron Powder Diffractometer AN - 1372608378; 18027984 AB - The neutron powder diffractometer HB2a at the High Flux Isotope Reactor was designed to achieve an optimum balance between high neutron flux and high resolution. It is equipped with a vertically focused Ge monochromator that provides one of three wavelengths: 2.41A, 1.54A, and 1.12A. Due to its versatility, the instrument can be employed for a large variety of experiments, but it is particularly adapted for determining structures with large interplanar spacing, as well as complex magnetic structures. Furthermore, studies of phase transitions, thermal expansion, quantitative analysis, and ab-initio structure solution from powder data can be undertaken. A full range of ancillary environments can be used to provide a complete control of thermodynamic variables, which are essential to unravel the complex relationship between structure and materials properties. This presentation will give an overview of the HB2a diffractometer focusing on recent parametric diffraction studies on several new materials. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Garlea, Ovidiu AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Isotopes KW - Thermal expansion KW - Thermodynamics KW - Conferences KW - Quantitative analysis KW - Technology KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372608378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Scientific+Opportunities+at+the+High+Flux+Isotope+Reactor+Neutron+Powder+Diffractometer&rft.au=Garlea%2C+Ovidiu&rft.aulast=Garlea&rft.aufirst=Ovidiu&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Isotopes; Thermal expansion; Conferences; Thermodynamics; Quantitative analysis; Technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of Synthesis of Nano-LiNi(0.5)Mn(1.5)O(4) Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Battery by In-Situ Neutron Diffraction AN - 1372606901; 18026906 AB - Nano-LiNi(0.5)Mn(1.5)O(4) is an attractive cathode material for lithium-ion batteries due to the high voltage plateaus, high discharge capacity, low cost, and non-toxicity. Different synthesis processes result in either disordered LiNi(0.5)Mn(0.5)O(4- delta ) (where Ni and Mn are randomly distributed at one crystallographic site) or ordered LiNi(0.5)Mn(0.5)O(4). Disordered LiNi(0.5)Mn(0.5)O(4- delta ) exhibit better rate capability and cycling stability than ordered LiNi(0.5)Mn(0.5)O(4). Therefore, the performance of the material is strongly dependent on the synthesis process. Neutron diffraction can easily distinguish these two phases because of the different neutron scattering factor of Ni and Mn, thus have the capability to provide direct monitoring of structural evolution during synthesis. In this study, in-situ neutron diffraction is used to study the phase formation and the order-disorder transition during heating and annealing. The correlation of structure to synthesis conditions will be discussed in details. We expect the results will provide guidance on the development of new cathode materials. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Cai, Lu AU - Liu, Zengcai AU - Liang, Chengdu AU - An, Ke AD - Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Plateaus KW - Batteries KW - Conferences KW - Technology KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372606901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+Synthesis+of+Nano-LiNi%280.5%29Mn%281.5%29O%284%29+Cathode+Material+for+Lithium-Ion+Battery+by+In-Situ+Neutron+Diffraction&rft.au=Cai%2C+Lu%3BLiu%2C+Zengcai%3BLiang%2C+Chengdu%3BAn%2C+Ke&rft.aulast=Cai&rft.aufirst=Lu&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plateaus; Conferences; Batteries; Technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Silicon Carbide Joining for Nuclear and Fusion Applications AN - 1372606369; 18027907 AB - Based on the recent development of highly radiation-resistant silicon carbide-based ceramic matrix composites, applications of these materials to nuclear and fusion energy are presently proposed and being researched. However, development of joining for these materials for use in the harsh radiation environment remains as a significant challenge. Moreover, additional requirements such as gas impermeability and corrosion resistance have to be considered for specific application environments. In the recent collaborative project among the U.S. Fusion Materials Program, Politecnico di Torino, and Kyoto University, development and evaluation of joining technologies for silicon carbide ceramics and composites for use in fusion and nuclear reactors were attempted. This paper will discuss the recent progress including 1) identifying promising joining techniques for radiation services, 2) development of small specimen test technique adequate to evaluate the shear strength of ceramic joints, 3) baseline characterization of the joint mechanical properties, and 4) progress in neutron irradiation program. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Katoh, Yutai AU - Ferraris, Monica AU - Hinoki, Tatsuya AU - Henager, Charles AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Ceramics KW - Composite materials KW - USA KW - Silicon KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Conferences KW - Corrosion KW - Nuclear energy KW - Japan, Honshu, Kyoto Prefect., Kyoto KW - Kyoto Protocol KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372606369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Silicon+Carbide+Joining+for+Nuclear+and+Fusion+Applications&rft.au=Katoh%2C+Yutai%3BFerraris%2C+Monica%3BHinoki%2C+Tatsuya%3BHenager%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Katoh&rft.aufirst=Yutai&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ceramics; Composite materials; Silicon; Nuclear reactors; Conferences; Corrosion; Nuclear energy; Kyoto Protocol; Technology; USA; Japan, Honshu, Kyoto Prefect., Kyoto ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Depth-Dependent Plastic and Elastic Strain Gradients from Polychromatic Microdiffraction AN - 1372605534; 18027507 AB - Depth-dependent (3D) measurements of the plastic and elastic strain distributions are now possible with differential-aperture X-ray microscopy (DAXM). This method is ideal for studies of mesoscale evolution of strains and defects. This talk will describe two examples of DAXM applications for 3D studies of plastic/elastic response of the materials under external stress fields: (*) The first example mainly demonstrates formation of rotational (deviatoric) strains in a twinned Ni crystal. Crystal plasticity analysis together with finite element simulations confirm the experimentally observed trends in the plastic response of the matrix and the twin. (**) The 2nd example mainly shows the 3D residual elastic strain distribution in Metal/Matrix composites (MMC). Research supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. X-ray microbeam measurements were performed at 34-ID-E at the Advanced Photon Source. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Barabash, Rozaliya AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Composite materials KW - Metals KW - Conferences KW - Microscopy KW - Stress KW - Simulation KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372605534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Depth-Dependent+Plastic+and+Elastic+Strain+Gradients+from+Polychromatic+Microdiffraction&rft.au=Barabash%2C+Rozaliya&rft.aulast=Barabash&rft.aufirst=Rozaliya&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Composite materials; Conferences; Microscopy; Simulation; Stress; Technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interface-Dominated Mechanical Properties of Layered/Fibrous Composites AN - 1372605132; 18027956 AB - Interfaces play a crucial role in materials properties, in part because interfaces themselves possess unique physical properties distinct from the bulk constituent phases. In layered/fibrous composites, the overall interface area is very large. Interfaces between the phases are the key elements responsible for the unique micro-mechanisms of plasticity in composites. A predictive understanding of the interface interactions between the matrix and the lamellae/fibers under external fields would allow interface engineering to create the best combination of the materials properties. In this study the depth-dependent strain distributed in the layered/fibrous composite and partitioned across the interfaces is directly measured at submicron length-scales using X-ray microdiffraction and compared to a detailed micromechanical stress analysis. Interface strength is estimated from the near-surface depth-dependent strain gradients. Several examples for directionally solidified composites are presented. Research supported by the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Barabash, Rozaliya AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Composite materials KW - Fibers KW - USA KW - Conferences KW - Stress KW - Technology KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372605132?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Interface-Dominated+Mechanical+Properties+of+Layered%2FFibrous+Composites&rft.au=Barabash%2C+Rozaliya&rft.aulast=Barabash&rft.aufirst=Rozaliya&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fibers; Composite materials; Conferences; Stress; Technology; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computation and Validation of Effective Diffusion Coefficient in a Magnesium Polycrystal AN - 1372604901; 18027787 AB - In tracer diffusion measurements in polycrystalline grain structures the measured diffusion profiles are hard to interpret when they results from a combination of diffusion paths in the bulk and along grain boundary surfaces and triple lines. We simulate the diffusivity in the bulk as well as along various grain boundary and triple line types using a molecular dynamics approach based on computing the mean square displacement of atoms. The computed grain boundary and bulk diffusion coefficients are used as inputs to a mesoscale computation of the diffusion profile in the three-dimensional grain structure. The calculated diffusion profiles are compared with those obtained from tracer diffusion measurements for single crystal and polycrystal magnesium specimens. Research sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies under Contract No. De-AC05-00OR22725 with Ut-Battelle, LLC. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Radhakrishnan, Bala AU - Kulkarni, Nagraj AU - Sohn, Yongho AU - Hunter, Jerry AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Tracers KW - Energy efficiency KW - USA KW - Conferences KW - Contracts KW - Renewable energy KW - Diffusion KW - Grains KW - Magnesium KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372604901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Computation+and+Validation+of+Effective+Diffusion+Coefficient+in+a+Magnesium+Polycrystal&rft.au=Radhakrishnan%2C+Bala%3BKulkarni%2C+Nagraj%3BSohn%2C+Yongho%3BHunter%2C+Jerry&rft.aulast=Radhakrishnan&rft.aufirst=Bala&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Tracers; Contracts; Conferences; Renewable energy; Diffusion; Magnesium; Grains; Technology; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal Stability and Structural Evolution of LSM/YSZ Composite Cathode for SOFC by In-Situ Neutron Diffraction AN - 1372603931; 18027442 AB - Lanthanum-strontium-manganese oxides (LSM) and yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) are widely used as cathode and electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Thermal stability and reliability of LSM/YSZ heavily depends on the concentration of Y2O3. Therefore, it is obvious to understand the degradation of ionic conductivity by studying LSM/YSZs' structural/phase evolution at elevated temperature. Neutron scattering is superior for this purpose because the large cross-section of all components makes it possible to differentiate different phases and to derive the structural evolution during annealing by Rietveld refinement. On VULCAN instrument at the world most intense pulse based Spallation Neutron Source, a series of LSM/YSZs of 6-10% Y2O3 were heated up to 1500 degree C at 2C/min, meanwhile simultaneous in-situ neutron diffraction and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were measured to correlate the structural/phase change to electrochemical degradation. The thermal stability and the structural evolution of the LSM/YSZs at elevated temperatures will be presented. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - An, Ke AU - Yang, Ling AU - Mills, Rebecca AU - Cai, Lu AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fuel technology KW - Composite materials KW - Electrolytes KW - Degradation KW - Conferences KW - Temperature KW - Electrochemistry KW - Spectroscopy KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372603931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Thermal+Stability+and+Structural+Evolution+of+LSM%2FYSZ+Composite+Cathode+for+SOFC+by+In-Situ+Neutron+Diffraction&rft.au=An%2C+Ke%3BYang%2C+Ling%3BMills%2C+Rebecca%3BCai%2C+Lu&rft.aulast=An&rft.aufirst=Ke&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Composite materials; Fuel technology; Electrolytes; Conferences; Degradation; Temperature; Spectroscopy; Electrochemistry; Technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contributions of Atom Probe Tomography to the Understanding of Steels AN - 1372603255; 18027364 AB - Since the introduction of the computer-controlled atom probe field ion microscope in the early 1970s, significant contributions to the understanding of steels have been made primarily due to its near atomic spatial resolution and the ability to detect carbon and other light elements. Some notable achievements that will be discussed are the solute partitioning between phases in pearlite, the visualization and quantification of carbon segregation to dislocations (Cottrell atmospheres), quantification of the copper-enriched precipitates responsible for the embrittlement of neutron irradiated pressure vessel steels, the low temperature phase separation responsible for the 475 degree embrittlement of Fe-Cr alloys and the ferrite phase in duplex stainless steels, and the nanoclusters responsible for the remarkable stability of nanostructured ferritic alloys to high dose irradiation. Research supported by ORNL's Shared Research Equipment (SHaRE) User Facility, which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Miller, Michael AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Intermetallic compounds KW - FeCr KW - USA KW - Low temperature KW - Conferences KW - Pressure vessels KW - Irradiation KW - Alloys KW - Steel KW - Technology KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372603255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Contributions+of+Atom+Probe+Tomography+to+the+Understanding+of+Steels&rft.au=Miller%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Low temperature; Conferences; Pressure vessels; Irradiation; Alloys; Steel; Technology; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantum Monte Carlo and Statistical Sampling Approach to Reference States for Thermodynamic and Kinetic Models AN - 1372602277; 18027329 AB - The free energy and diffusivity of reference states form the underpinning of current thermodynamic and kinetic models. As a function of temperature, T, these states may or may not be observable. A uniformly applied ab inito approach holds the greatest potential for a consistent reference state description. We demonstrate the feasibility of using Quantum Monte Carlo for reference state energies at T=0 by presenting energies for: bulk Al as a function of pressure, defects in Al (including transition state energies), and He interstitial formation and binding energies in Al. We further demonstrate the use of Wang-Landau statistical sampling of density functional energies (local approximation) to evaluate magnetic entropy as a function of T in Fe and Fe3C. Work supported by the CDP, Energy Frontier Research Center of U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, ERKCS99 by the Division of Materials Science (DOE), and Division of Scientific User Facilities (DOE). JF - AIP Conference Proceedings AU - Nicholson, D M AU - Hood, Randolph AU - Kent, P R C AU - Reboredo, Fernando AU - Eisenbach, Markus AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/03/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 15 PB - American Institute of Physics, Ste. 1NO1 Melville NY 11747-4502 United States SN - 0094-243X, 0094-243X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Feasibility studies KW - USA KW - Thermodynamics KW - Conferences KW - Kinetics KW - Statistical sampling KW - Temperature KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372602277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Quantum+Monte+Carlo+and+Statistical+Sampling+Approach+to+Reference+States+for+Thermodynamic+and+Kinetic+Models&rft.au=Nicholson%2C+D+M%3BHood%2C+Randolph%3BKent%2C+P+R+C%3BReboredo%2C+Fernando%3BEisenbach%2C+Markus&rft.aulast=Nicholson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIP+Conference+Proceedings&rft.issn=0094243X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feasibility studies; Monte Carlo simulation; Conferences; Thermodynamics; Statistical sampling; Kinetics; Temperature; Technology; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of cellulase colocalization on cellulose fiber with quantitative FRET measured by acceptor photobleaching and spectrally unmixing fluorescence microscopy AN - 1022896701; 16532376 AB - The determination of cellulase distribution on the surface of cellulose fiber is an important parameter to understand when determining the interaction between cellulase and cellulose and/or the cooperation of different types of cellulases during the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. In this communication, a strategy is presented to quantitatively determine the cellulase colocalization using the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) methodology, which is based on acceptor photobleaching and spectrally unmixing fluorescence microscopy. FRET monitoring of cellulase colocalization was achieved by labeling cellulases with an appropriate pair of FRET dyes and by adopting an appropriate FRET model. We describe here that the adapted acceptor photobleaching FRET method can be successfully used to quantify cellulase colocalization regarding their binding to a cellulose fiber at a resolution <10 nm. This developed quantitative FRET method is promising for further studying the interactions between cellulase and cellulose and between different types of cellulases. JF - Analyst (Cambridge UK) AU - Wang, L AU - Wang, Y AU - Ragauskas, A J AD - BioEnergy Science Center, Institute of Paper Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA, Arthur.Ragauskas@chemistry.gatech.edu Y1 - 2012/03/12/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 12 SP - 1319 EP - 1324 PB - The Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, Milton Road Science Park Cambridge CB4 0WF United Kingdom VL - 137 IS - 6 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - photobleaching KW - Cellulose KW - Communication KW - British Isles KW - Fluorescence KW - Energy Transfer KW - Hydrolysis KW - Model Studies KW - Dyes KW - Resonance KW - fluorescence microscopy KW - Microscopy KW - Monitoring KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1022896701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.atitle=Determination+of+cellulase+colocalization+on+cellulose+fiber+with+quantitative+FRET+measured+by+acceptor+photobleaching+and+spectrally+unmixing+fluorescence+microscopy&rft.au=Weber%2C+Lauren&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft.date=2011-12-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - photobleaching; Fluorescence; Dyes; fluorescence microscopy; Cellulose; Hydrolysis; Energy Transfer; Resonance; Microscopy; Communication; Monitoring; Model Studies; British Isles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2an15938d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Effect of Dose Rate on the Frequency of Specific-Locus Mutations Induced in Mouse Spermatogonia is Restricted to Larger Lesions; a Retrospective Analysis of Historical Data AN - 1323801977; 16825689 AB - A series of 19 large-scale germ-cell mutagenesis experiments conducted several decades ago led to the conclusion that low-LET radiation delivered to mouse spermatogonia at dose rates of 0.8 R/min and below induced only about one-third as many specific-locus mutations as did single, acute exposures at 24 R/min and above. A two-hit origin of the mutations was deemed unlikely in view of the then prevailing evidence for the small size of genetic lesions in spermatogonia. Instead, the dose-rate effect was hypothesized to be the result of a repair system that exists in spermatogonia, but not in more mature male reproductive cells. More recent genetic and molecular studies on the marker genes have identified the phenotypes associated with specific states of the mutant chromosomes, and it is now possible retrospectively to classify individual past mutations as "large lesions" or "other lesions". The mutation-frequency difference between high and low dose rates is restricted to the large lesion mutations, for which the dose-curve slopes differ by a factor exceeding 3.4. For other lesion mutations, there is essentially no difference between the slopes for protracted and acute irradiations; induced other lesions frequencies per unit dose remain similar for dose rates ranging over more than 7 orders of magnitude. For large lesions, these values rise sharply at dose rates >0.8 R/min, though they remain similar within the whole range of protracted doses, failing to provide evidence for a threshold dose rate. The downward bend at high doses that had been noted for X-ray-induced specific-locus mutations as a whole and ascribed to a positive correlation between spermatogonial death and mutation load is now found to be restricted to large lesion mutations. There is a marked difference between the mutation spectra (distributions among the seven loci) for large lesions and other lesions. Within each class, however, the spectra are similar for acute and protracted irradiation. JF - Radiation Research AU - Russell, Liane B AU - Hunsicker, Patricia R AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, lianerussell@comcast.net Y1 - 2012/03/07/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Mar 07 SP - 555 EP - 564 PB - Radiation Research Society VL - 177 IS - 5 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Chromosomes KW - Mutation KW - X:24390 KW - G:07870 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1323801977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Research&rft.atitle=The+Effect+of+Dose+Rate+on+the+Frequency+of+Specific-Locus+Mutations+Induced+in+Mouse+Spermatogonia+is+Restricted+to+Larger+Lesions%3B+a+Retrospective+Analysis+of+Historical+Data&rft.au=Russell%2C+Liane+B%3BHunsicker%2C+Patricia+R&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=Liane&rft.date=2012-03-07&rft.volume=177&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=555&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/10.1667%2FRR2853.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mutation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/RR2853.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advancing the use of minirhizotrons in wetlands AN - 968173677; 16438154 AB - Background: Wetlands store a substantial amount of carbon (C) in deep soil organic matter deposits, and play an important role in global fluxes of carbon dioxide and methane. Fine roots (i.e., ephemeral roots that are active in water and nutrient uptake) are recognized as important components of biogeochemical cycles in nutrient-limited wetland ecosystems. However, quantification of fine-root dynamics in wetlands has generally been limited to destructive approaches, possibly because of methodological difficulties associated with the unique environmental, soil, and plant community characteristics of these systems. Non-destructive minirhizotron technology has rarely been used in wetland ecosystems. Scope: Our goal was to develop a consensus on, and a methodological framework for, the appropriate installation and use of minirhizotron technology in wetland ecosystems. Here, we discuss a number of potential solutions for the challenges associated with the deployment of minirhizotron technology in wetlands, including minirhizotron installation and anchorage, capture and analysis of minirhizotron images, and upscaling of minirhizotron data for analysis of biogeochemical pools and parameterization of land surface models. Conclusions: The appropriate use of minirhizotron technology to examine relatively understudied fine-root dynamics in wetlands will advance our knowledge of ecosystem C and nutrient cycling in these globally important ecosystems. JF - Plant and Soil AU - Iversen, C M AU - Murphy, M T AU - Allen, M F AU - Childs, J AU - Eissenstat, D M AU - Lilleskov, E A AU - Sarjala, T M AU - Sloan, V L AU - Sullivan, P F AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, iversencm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DA - March 2012 SP - 23 EP - 39 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 352 IS - 1-2 SN - 0032-079X, 0032-079X KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Ecosystems KW - Roots KW - Nutrients KW - Nutrient cycles KW - Models KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Wetlands KW - Nutrient uptake KW - Deposits KW - Methane KW - Data processing KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Organic matter KW - Carbon cycle KW - Soils (organic) KW - plant communities KW - Plant communities KW - Uptake KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Technology KW - Q2 09283:Soil mechanics KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/968173677?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+and+Soil&rft.atitle=Advancing+the+use+of+minirhizotrons+in+wetlands&rft.au=Iversen%2C+C+M%3BMurphy%2C+M+T%3BAllen%2C+M+F%3BChilds%2C+J%3BEissenstat%2C+D+M%3BLilleskov%2C+E+A%3BSarjala%2C+T+M%3BSloan%2C+V+L%3BSullivan%2C+P+F&rft.aulast=Iversen&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.volume=352&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+and+Soil&rft.issn=0032079X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11104-011-0953-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Biogeochemical cycle; Biogeochemistry; Organic matter; Carbon cycle; Uptake; Wetlands; Deposits; Data processing; Roots; Soils (organic); Nutrients; Models; Soil; Carbon; Plant communities; Nutrient uptake; Carbon dioxide; Ecosystems; plant communities; Nutrient cycles; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-011-0953-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Review and Model-Based Analysis of Factors Influencing Soil Carbon Sequestration Beneath Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) AN - 954670937; 16399661 AB - A multi-compartment model was developed to summarize existing data and predict soil carbon sequestration beneath switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) in the southeastern USA. Soil carbon sequestration is an important part of sustainable switchgrass production for bioenergy because soil organic matter promotes water retention, nutrient supply, and soil properties that minimize erosion. A literature review was undertaken for the purpose of model parameterization. A sensitivity analysis of the model indicated that predictions of soil carbon sequestration were affected most by changes in aboveground biomass production, the ratio of belowground-to-aboveground biomass production, and mean annual temperature. Simulations indicated that the annual rate of soil carbon sequestration approached steady state after a decade of switchgrass growth while predicted mineral soil carbon stocks were still increasing. A model-based experiment was performed to predict rates of soil carbon sequestration at different levels of nitrogen fertilization and initial soil carbon stocks (to a 30-cm depth). At a mean annual temperature of 13 degree C, the predicted rate of soil carbon sequestration varied from -28 to 114 g C m super(-2) year super(-1) (after 30 years) and was greater than zero in 11 of 12 simulations that varied initial surface soil carbon stocks from 1 to 5 kg C m super(-2) and nitrogen fertilization from 0 to 18 g N m super(-2) year super(-1). The modeling indicated that more research is needed on the process of biomass allocation and on nitrogen loss from mature plantations, respectively, to improve our understanding of carbon and nitrogen dynamics in switchgrass agriculture. JF - BioEnergy Research AU - Garten, Charles T AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Mail Stop 6301, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, gartenctjr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DA - March 2012 SP - 124 EP - 138 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1939-1234, 1939-1234 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Panicum virgatum KW - biofuels KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - USA, Southeast KW - Biomass KW - Soil KW - Carbon sequestration KW - USA KW - fertilization KW - Literature reviews KW - Nitrogen KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954670937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEnergy+Research&rft.atitle=Review+and+Model-Based+Analysis+of+Factors+Influencing+Soil+Carbon+Sequestration+Beneath+Switchgrass+%28Panicum+virgatum%29&rft.au=Garten%2C+Charles+T&rft.aulast=Garten&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEnergy+Research&rft.issn=19391234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12155-011-9154-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Carbon sequestration; fertilization; Literature reviews; Temperature; biofuels; Simulation; Biomass; Nitrogen; Panicum virgatum; USA; USA, Southeast DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-011-9154-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heteroepitaxial film silicon solar cell grown on Ni-W foils AN - 1439730607; 18517792 AB - Heteroepitaxial semiconductor films on low-cost, flexible metal foil templates are a potential route to inexpensive, high-efficiency solar cells. Here, we report epitaxial growth of Si films on low-cost, flexible, biaxially-textured Ni-W substrates. A robust buffer architecture comprised of multiple epitaxial oxide layers has been developed to grow high quality, heteroepitaxial Si films without any undesired reaction between the Si film and the metal substrate and with a single biaxial texture. XRD analysis including omega -scans, phi -scans, and pole figures confirms that the buffers and silicon are all epitaxial, with excellent cube-on-cube epitaxy. A photo-conversion efficiency of 1.1% is demonstrated from a proof-of-concept heteroepitaxial film Si solar cell. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Wee, Sung Hun AU - Cantoni, Claudia AU - Fanning, Thomas R AU - Teplin, Charles W AU - Bogorin, Daniela F AU - Bornstein, Jon AU - Bowers, Karen AU - Schroeter, Paul AU - Hasoon, Falah AU - Branz, Howard M AU - Paranthaman, MParans AU - Goyal, Amit AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge; TN 37831; USA Y1 - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DA - Mar 2012 SP - 6052 EP - 6056 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Metals KW - Silicon KW - Solar cells KW - Buffers KW - Energy KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1439730607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Heteroepitaxial+film+silicon+solar+cell+grown+on+Ni-W+foils&rft.au=Wee%2C+Sung+Hun%3BCantoni%2C+Claudia%3BFanning%2C+Thomas+R%3BTeplin%2C+Charles+W%3BBogorin%2C+Daniela+F%3BBornstein%2C+Jon%3BBowers%2C+Karen%3BSchroeter%2C+Paul%3BHasoon%2C+Falah%3BBranz%2C+Howard+M%3BParanthaman%2C+MParans%3BGoyal%2C+Amit&rft.aulast=Wee&rft.aufirst=Sung&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=6052&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2ee03350j LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Silicon; Energy; Buffers; Solar cells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2ee03350j ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detecting fracture-driven hydrologic anisotropy using azimuthal seismic first-arrival tomography (ASFT) AN - 1039357767; 640147-48 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Edmunds, Matthew AU - Baker, Gregory S AU - Watson, David AU - Brooks, Scott AU - Momayez, Moe Y1 - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DA - March 2012 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Denver, CO VL - 2012 SN - 1554-8015, 1554-8015 KW - United States KW - seismic profiles KW - geophysical surveys KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - Oak Ridge Tennessee KW - depth KW - seismic methods KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - fractures KW - detection KW - Tennessee KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - water resources KW - anisotropy KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1039357767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Detecting+fracture-driven+hydrologic+anisotropy+using+azimuthal+seismic+first-arrival+tomography+%28ASFT%29&rft.au=Edmunds%2C+Matthew%3BBaker%2C+Gregory+S%3BWatson%2C+David%3BBrooks%2C+Scott%3BMomayez%2C+Moe&rft.aulast=Edmunds&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=15548015&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Proceedings of the 25th symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering & environmental problems on Making waves; geophysical innovations for a thirsty world N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; biochemistry; depth; detection; fractures; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; ground water; Oak Ridge Tennessee; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Roane County Tennessee; seismic methods; seismic profiles; surveys; Tennessee; United States; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global data products help assess changes to ocean carbon sink AN - 1015460810; 2012-047816 AB - Net oceanic uptake of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) reduces global warming but also leads to ocean acidification [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2007]. Understanding and predicting changes in the ocean carbon sink are critical to assessments of future climate change. Surface water CO (sub 2) measurements suggest large year-to-year variations in oceanic CO (sub 2) uptake for several regions [Doney et al., 2009]. However, there is much debate on whether these changes are cyclical or indicative of long-term trends. Sustained, globally coordinated observations of the surface ocean carbon cycle and systematic handling of such data are essential for assessing variation and trends in regional and global ocean carbon uptake, information necessary for accurate estimates of global and national carbon budgets. JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Bakker, Dorothee C E AU - Pfeil, Benjamin AU - Olsen, Are AU - Sabine, Christopher L AU - Metzl, Nicolas AU - Hankin, Steven AU - Koyuk, Heather AU - Kozyr, Alex AU - Malczyk, Jeremy AU - Manke, Ansley AU - Telszewski, Maciej Y1 - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DA - March 2012 SP - 125 EP - 126 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 93 IS - 12 SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - programs KW - sea water KW - international cooperation KW - ecosystems KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - carbon KW - SOCAT KW - Surface Ocean Carbon Dioxide Atlas KW - greenhouse gases KW - carbon cycle KW - world ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1015460810?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Global+data+products+help+assess+changes+to+ocean+carbon+sink&rft.au=Bakker%2C+Dorothee+C+E%3BPfeil%2C+Benjamin%3BOlsen%2C+Are%3BSabine%2C+Christopher+L%3BMetzl%2C+Nicolas%3BHankin%2C+Steven%3BKoyuk%2C+Heather%3BKozyr%2C+Alex%3BMalczyk%2C+Jeremy%3BManke%2C+Ansley%3BTelszewski%2C+Maciej&rft.aulast=Bakker&rft.aufirst=Dorothee+C&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2012EO120001 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; ecosystems; geochemical cycle; greenhouse gases; international cooperation; programs; sea water; SOCAT; Surface Ocean Carbon Dioxide Atlas; world ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012EO120001 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - New York City sea level rise vulnerability assessment T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412161982; 6222527 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Whitehead, Matthew Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - USA, New York, New York City KW - Vulnerability KW - Urban areas KW - Sea level changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412161982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=New+York+City+sea+level+rise+vulnerability+assessment&rft.au=Whitehead%2C+Matthew&rft.aulast=Whitehead&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Building Standards-based Web Applications using Open-Source Technology and Web Services T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412161972; 6223162 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Myers, Aaron AU - Nugent, Phil Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Internet KW - Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412161972?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.atitle=Vaclav+Havel%3B+A+man+for+all+seasons%2C+on+behalf+of+liberty.&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2011-12-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Rural Housing in Yemen: Distribution, Composition and Structural Patterns T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412160349; 6222832 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Weaver, Jeanette Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Housing KW - Yemen KW - Rural areas UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412160349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=Rural+Housing+in+Yemen%3A+Distribution%2C+Composition+and+Structural+Patterns&rft.au=Weaver%2C+Jeanette&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=Jeanette&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Raster Analysis using the LandScan Population Distribution Database: Issues & Solutions T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412152342; 6223442 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Sims, Kelly Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Databases KW - Population distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412152342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=Raster+Analysis+using+the+LandScan+Population+Distribution+Database%3A+Issues+%26amp%3B+Solutions&rft.au=Sims%2C+Kelly&rft.aulast=Sims&rft.aufirst=Kelly&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Energy Awareness and Resiliency Standardized Services (EARSS) - All Hazard Situational Awareness T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412151686; 6218984 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Omitaomu, Olufemi AU - Fernandez, Steven AU - Chinthavali, Supriya AU - Kodysh, Jeffrey Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Hazards KW - Energy KW - Standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412151686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=Energy+Awareness+and+Resiliency+Standardized+Services+%28EARSS%29+-+All+Hazard+Situational+Awareness&rft.au=Omitaomu%2C+Olufemi%3BFernandez%2C+Steven%3BChinthavali%2C+Supriya%3BKodysh%2C+Jeffrey&rft.aulast=Omitaomu&rft.aufirst=Olufemi&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Eliciting and Transforming Population Density Knowledge into a Bayesian Prior Probability Distribution T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412146043; 6219558 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Stewart, Robert Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Population density UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412146043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aabiglobal&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.atitle=Sands+China+Says+Probe+Is+Over%3B+Casino+Operator+Adds+Hong+Kong+Regulator+Won%27t+Seek+%27Further+Action%27+Against+Firm&rft.au=O%27Keeffe%2C+Kate&rft.aulast=O%27Keeffe&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft.date=2011-12-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER -