TY - CPAPER T1 - New York City sea level rise vulnerability assessment T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412161982; 6222527 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Whitehead, Matthew Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - USA, New York, New York City KW - Vulnerability KW - Urban areas KW - Sea level changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412161982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=New+York+City+sea+level+rise+vulnerability+assessment&rft.au=Whitehead%2C+Matthew&rft.aulast=Whitehead&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Building Standards-based Web Applications using Open-Source Technology and Web Services T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412161972; 6223162 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Myers, Aaron AU - Nugent, Phil Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Internet KW - Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412161972?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.atitle=Vaclav+Havel%3B+A+man+for+all+seasons%2C+on+behalf+of+liberty.&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2011-12-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal+%28Online%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Rural Housing in Yemen: Distribution, Composition and Structural Patterns T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412160349; 6222832 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Weaver, Jeanette Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Housing KW - Yemen KW - Rural areas UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412160349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=Rural+Housing+in+Yemen%3A+Distribution%2C+Composition+and+Structural+Patterns&rft.au=Weaver%2C+Jeanette&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=Jeanette&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Estimating Land Use Land Cover Change in Iowa due to Bioenergy T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412160214; 6223326 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Singh, Nagendra AU - Bhaduri, Budhendra AU - Kline, Keith AU - Efroymson, Rebecca AU - Oladosu, Gbadebo Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Resource management KW - USA, Iowa KW - Biofuels KW - Land use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412160214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=Estimating+Land+Use+Land+Cover+Change+in+Iowa+due+to+Bioenergy&rft.au=Singh%2C+Nagendra%3BBhaduri%2C+Budhendra%3BKline%2C+Keith%3BEfroymson%2C+Rebecca%3BOladosu%2C+Gbadebo&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Nagendra&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterization of formal and informal neighborhoods in an urban landscape T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412159218; 6223583 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Graesser, Jordan AU - Cheriyadat, Anil AU - Bright, Eddie Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Landscape UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412159218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+formal+and+informal+neighborhoods+in+an+urban+landscape&rft.au=Graesser%2C+Jordan%3BCheriyadat%2C+Anil%3BBright%2C+Eddie&rft.aulast=Graesser&rft.aufirst=Jordan&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Framework to Support Open Source Population Density Modeling and Development T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412158002; 6222948 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Urban, Marie Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Population density UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412158002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=Framework+to+Support+Open+Source+Population+Density+Modeling+and+Development&rft.au=Urban%2C+Marie&rft.aulast=Urban&rft.aufirst=Marie&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Raster Analysis using the LandScan Population Distribution Database: Issues & Solutions T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412152342; 6223442 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Sims, Kelly Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Databases KW - Population distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412152342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=Raster+Analysis+using+the+LandScan+Population+Distribution+Database%3A+Issues+%26amp%3B+Solutions&rft.au=Sims%2C+Kelly&rft.aulast=Sims&rft.aufirst=Kelly&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Energy Awareness and Resiliency Standardized Services (EARSS) - All Hazard Situational Awareness T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412151686; 6218984 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Omitaomu, Olufemi AU - Fernandez, Steven AU - Chinthavali, Supriya AU - Kodysh, Jeffrey Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Hazards KW - Energy KW - Standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412151686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=Energy+Awareness+and+Resiliency+Standardized+Services+%28EARSS%29+-+All+Hazard+Situational+Awareness&rft.au=Omitaomu%2C+Olufemi%3BFernandez%2C+Steven%3BChinthavali%2C+Supriya%3BKodysh%2C+Jeffrey&rft.aulast=Omitaomu&rft.aufirst=Olufemi&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Truth or Li(DAR)? How accurate is LiDAR derived estimation? T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412151651; 6220409 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Moehl, Jessica AU - Bright, Eddie Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Lidar UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412151651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=Truth+or+Li%28DAR%29%3F+How+accurate+is+LiDAR+derived+estimation%3F&rft.au=Moehl%2C+Jessica%3BBright%2C+Eddie&rft.aulast=Moehl&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Enriching Metadata with Ontologies: a Case Study for GNIS T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412146845; 6219551 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Sorokine, Alexandre AU - Barnwell, Laurie Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Case studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412146845?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=Enriching+Metadata+with+Ontologies%3A+a+Case+Study+for+GNIS&rft.au=Sorokine%2C+Alexandre%3BBarnwell%2C+Laurie&rft.aulast=Sorokine&rft.aufirst=Alexandre&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - CoNNECT: A Computational Framework for Energy Efficient Communities T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412145042; 6218284 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Bhaduri, Budhendra AU - Omitaomu, Olufemi AU - Kramer, Ian AU - Kodysh, Jeffrey Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Energy efficiency KW - Computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412145042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=CoNNECT%3A+A+Computational+Framework+for+Energy+Efficient+Communities&rft.au=Bhaduri%2C+Budhendra%3BOmitaomu%2C+Olufemi%3BKramer%2C+Ian%3BKodysh%2C+Jeffrey&rft.aulast=Bhaduri&rft.aufirst=Budhendra&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Toward Facility-level Spatiotemporal Human Activity Signatures T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412143432; 6219561 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Rose, Amy Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Human factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412143432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=Toward+Facility-level+Spatiotemporal+Human+Activity+Signatures&rft.au=Rose%2C+Amy&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Building a Web Application for Future Energy Infrastructure Planning through the Synthesis of Open Source Technologies T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AN - 1412142811; 6218260 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG 2012) AU - Nugent, Phil Y1 - 2012/02/24/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 24 KW - Infrastructure KW - Energy KW - Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412142811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.atitle=Building+a+Web+Application+for+Future+Energy+Infrastructure+Planning+through+the+Synthesis+of+Open+Source+Technologies&rft.au=Nugent%2C+Phil&rft.aulast=Nugent&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers+%28AAG+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meridian.aag.org/callforpapers/program/index.cfm?mtgID=57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Social Vulnerability, Climate Change, and Population Dynamics: An Agent-based Approach T2 - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Eastern Sociological Society AN - 1354784820; 6212295 JF - 2012 Annual Meeting of the Eastern Sociological Society AU - Santos-Hernandez, Jenniffer Y1 - 2012/02/23/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 23 KW - Climatic changes KW - Vulnerability KW - Population dynamics KW - Social interactions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1354784820?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Eastern+Sociological+Society&rft.atitle=Social+Vulnerability%2C+Climate+Change%2C+and+Population+Dynamics%3A+An+Agent-based+Approach&rft.au=Santos-Hernandez%2C+Jenniffer&rft.aulast=Santos-Hernandez&rft.aufirst=Jenniffer&rft.date=2012-02-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Eastern+Sociological+Society&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.essnet.org/FinalPrograms/2012_Final_Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy for microfluidic pillar arrayed separation chips AN - 1019652241; 16447893 AB - Numerous studies have addressed the challenges of implementing miniaturized microfluidic platforms for chemical and biological separation applications. However, the integration of real time detection schemes capable of providing valuable sample information under continuous, ultra low volume flow regimes has not fully been addressed. In this report we present a chip based chromatography system comprising of a pillar array separation column followed by a reagent channel for passive mixing of a silver colloidal solution into the eluent stream to enable surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection. Our design is the first integrated chip based microfluidic device to combine pressure driven separation capability with real time SERS detection. With this approach we demonstrate the ability to collect distinctive SERS spectra with or without complete resolution of chromatographic bands. Computational fluidic dynamic (CFD) simulations are used to model the diffusive mixing behaviour and velocity profiles of the two confluent streams in the microfluidic channels. We evaluate the SERS spectral band intensity and chromatographic efficiency of model analytes with respect to kinetic factors as well as signal acquisition rates. Additionally, we discuss the use of a pluronic modified silver colloidal solution as a means of eliminating contamination generally caused by nanoparticle adhesion to channel surfaces. JF - Analyst (Cambridge UK) AU - Taylor, L C AU - Kirchner, T B AU - Lavrik, N V AU - Sepaniak, MJ AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA, lavriknv@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/02/21/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 21 SP - 1005 EP - 1012 PB - The Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, Milton Road Science Park Cambridge CB4 0WF United Kingdom VL - 137 IS - 4 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Reagents KW - Contamination KW - Chromatographic techniques KW - Spectroscopy KW - Mixing KW - Streams KW - British Isles KW - Velocity KW - Adhesion KW - Model Studies KW - Channels KW - Velocity profiles KW - Kinetics KW - Stream KW - Analytical techniques KW - Silver KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1019652241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.atitle=Surface+enhanced+Raman+spectroscopy+for+microfluidic+pillar+arrayed+separation+chips&rft.au=Taylor%2C+L+C%3BKirchner%2C+T+B%3BLavrik%2C+N+V%3BSepaniak%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2012-02-21&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1005&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc2an16239c LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Velocity profiles; Contamination; Chromatographic techniques; Stream; Analytical techniques; Adhesion; Channels; Reagents; Kinetics; Velocity; Spectroscopy; Silver; Streams; Mixing; Model Studies; British Isles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2an16239c ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Framboidal iron oxide; chondrite-like material from the black mat, Murray Springs, Arizona AN - 1026857952; 2012-064762 AB - At the end of the Pleistocene a Younger Dryas "black mat" was deposited on top of the Pleistocene sediments in many parts of North America. A study of the magnetic fraction ( approximately 10,900+ or -50B.P.) from the basal section of the black mat at Murray Springs, AZ revealed the presence of amorphous iron oxide framboids in a glassy iron-silica matrix. These framboids are very similar in appearance and chemistry to those reported from several types of carbonaceous chondrites. The glass contains iron, silicon, oxygen, vanadium and minor titanium, while the framboidal particles contain calcium as well. The major element chemistry of both the spherules and the glass matrix are consistent with the chemistry of material associated with meteorite impact sites and meteorites. Electron microscopy confirms that the glassy material is indeed amorphous, and also shows that what appear to be individual oxide particles are amorphous as well. The latter appears consistent with their overall morphology that, while euhedral, typically shows significant fracture. Based on these data, we argue that these particles are the product of a hypervelocity impact. JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Allard, Lawrence F AU - Hull, Sharon Y1 - 2012/02/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 15 SP - 251 EP - 258 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 319-320 SN - 0012-821X, 0012-821X KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - black mats KW - stony meteorites KW - iron oxides KW - electron probe data KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Murray Springs KW - Cenozoic KW - upper Weichselian KW - meteorites KW - major elements KW - hypervelocity impacts KW - Weichselian KW - framboidal texture KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - Younger Dryas KW - chondrites KW - spherules KW - Quaternary KW - amorphous materials KW - textures KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - impacts KW - metamorphism KW - TEM data KW - morphology KW - Arizona KW - Pleistocene KW - shock metamorphism KW - SEM data KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1026857952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.atitle=Framboidal+iron+oxide%3B+chondrite-like+material+from+the+black+mat%2C+Murray+Springs%2C+Arizona&rft.au=Fayek%2C+Mostafa%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BAllard%2C+Lawrence+F%3BHull%2C+Sharon&rft.aulast=Fayek&rft.aufirst=Mostafa&rft.date=2012-02-15&rft.volume=319-320&rft.issue=&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.issn=0012821X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2011.11.033 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0012821X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-19 N1 - CODEN - EPSLA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; Arizona; black mats; carbonaceous chondrites; Cenozoic; chondrites; electron probe data; fractured materials; framboidal texture; hypervelocity impacts; impacts; iron oxides; major elements; metamorphism; meteorites; morphology; Murray Springs; oxides; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sediments; SEM data; shock metamorphism; spherules; stony meteorites; TEM data; textures; United States; upper Pleistocene; upper Weichselian; Weichselian; Younger Dryas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytotoxicity induced by engineered silver nanocrystallites is dependent on surface coatings and cell types. AN - 920369430; 22216981 AB - Due to their unique antimicrobial properties silver nanocrystallites have garnered substantial attention and are used extensively for biomedical applications as an additive to wound dressings, surgical instruments and bone substitute materials. They are also released into unintended locations such as the environment or biosphere. Therefore it is imperative to understand the potential interactions, fate and transport of nanoparticles with environmental biotic systems. Numerous factors including the composition, size, shape, surface charge, and capping molecule of nanoparticles are known to influence cell cytotoxicity. Our results demonstrate that the physical/chemical properties of the silver nanoparticles including surface charge, differential binding and aggregation potential, which are influenced by the surface coatings, are a major determining factor in eliciting cytotoxicity and in dictating potential cellular interactions. In the present investigation, silver nanocrystallites with nearly uniform size and shape distribution but with different surface coatings, imparting overall high negativity to high positivity, were synthesized. These nanoparticles included poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride-Ag, biogenic-Ag, colloidal-Ag (uncoated), and oleate-Ag with zeta potentials +45 ± 5, -12 ± 2, -42 ± 5, and -45 ± 5 mV, respectively; the particles were purified and thoroughly characterized so as to avoid false cytotoxicity interpretations. A systematic investigation on the cytotoxic effects, cellular response, and membrane damage caused by these four different silver nanoparticles was carried out using multiple toxicity measurements on mouse macrophage (RAW-264.7) and lung epithelial (C-10) cell lines. Our results clearly indicate that the cytotoxicity was dependent on various factors such as surface charge and coating materials used in the synthesis, particle aggregation, and the cell-type for the different silver nanoparticles that were investigated. Poly(diallyldimethylammonium)-coated Ag nanoparticles were found to be the most toxic, followed by biogenic-Ag and oleate-Ag nanoparticles, whereas uncoated or colloidal silver nanoparticles were found to be the least toxic to both macrophage and lung epithelial cells. Also, based on our cytotoxicity interpretations, lung epithelial cells were found to be more resistant to the silver nanoparticles than the macrophage cells, regardless of the surface coating. JF - Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids AU - Suresh, Anil K AU - Pelletier, Dale A AU - Wang, Wei AU - Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer L AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Doktycz, Mitchel J AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831 United States. asuresh@coh.org Y1 - 2012/02/07/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 07 SP - 2727 EP - 2735 VL - 28 IS - 5 KW - Silver KW - 3M4G523W1G KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Particle Size KW - Mice KW - Cell Line KW - Surface Properties KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Silver -- chemistry KW - Epithelial Cells -- drug effects KW - Silver -- pharmacology KW - Metal Nanoparticles -- chemistry KW - Macrophages -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/920369430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Langmuir+%3A+the+ACS+journal+of+surfaces+and+colloids&rft.atitle=Cytotoxicity+induced+by+engineered+silver+nanocrystallites+is+dependent+on+surface+coatings+and+cell+types.&rft.au=Suresh%2C+Anil+K%3BPelletier%2C+Dale+A%3BWang%2C+Wei%3BMorrell-Falvey%2C+Jennifer+L%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BDoktycz%2C+Mitchel+J&rft.aulast=Suresh&rft.aufirst=Anil&rft.date=2012-02-07&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2727&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Langmuir+%3A+the+ACS+journal+of+surfaces+and+colloids&rft.issn=1520-5827&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fla2042058 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2012-07-09 N1 - Date created - 2012-02-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la2042058 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Climate Change Vulnerabilities of US Infrastructures and Built Environments T2 - 2012 Carbon Management Technology Conference AN - 1313056044; 6159618 JF - 2012 Carbon Management Technology Conference AU - Wilbanks, T Y1 - 2012/02/07/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 07 KW - Infrastructure KW - Climatic changes KW - Vulnerability UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313056044?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Carbon+Management+Technology+Conference&rft.atitle=Climate+Change+Vulnerabilities+of+US+Infrastructures+and+Built+Environments&rft.au=Wilbanks%2C+T&rft.aulast=Wilbanks&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2012-02-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Carbon+Management+Technology+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.carbonmgmt.org/pages/schedule/tech%20program/index.php LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Managing the Risks T2 - 2012 Carbon Management Technology Conference AN - 1313039874; 6159600 JF - 2012 Carbon Management Technology Conference AU - Wilbanks, T Y1 - 2012/02/07/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Feb 07 KW - Environmental engineering: KW - Technology KW - Carbon UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313039874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Carbon+Management+Technology+Conference&rft.atitle=Managing+the+Risks&rft.au=Wilbanks%2C+T&rft.aulast=Wilbanks&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2012-02-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Carbon+Management+Technology+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.carbonmgmt.org/pages/schedule/tech%20program/index.php LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Price projections of feedstocks for biofuels and biopower in the US AN - 921291334; 4268612 AB - The economic availability of biomass resources is a critical component in evaluating the commercial viability of biofuels. To evaluate projected farmgate prices and grower payments needed to procure 295 million dry Mg (325 million dry tons) of biomass in the U.S. by 2022, this research employs POLYSYS, an economic model of the U.S. agriculture sector. A price-run simulation suggests that a farmgate price of $58.42Mg-1 ($53.00dryton-1) is needed to procure this supply, while a demand-run simulation suggests that prices of $34.56 and $71.61Mg-1 ($30.00 and $62.00dryton-1) in are needed in 2012 and 2022, respectively, to procure the same supply, under baseline yield assumptions. Grower payments are reported as farmgate price minus resource-specific harvest costs. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy policy AU - Langholtz, Matthew AU - Graham, R AU - Eaton, L AU - Perlack, R AU - Hellwinkel, C AU - Torre Ugarte, D.G. de la AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/02// PY - 2012 DA - Feb 2012 SP - 484 EP - 493 VL - 41 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Economics KW - Biomass energy KW - Forecasts KW - Energy prices KW - Economic models KW - Simulation KW - U.S.A. KW - Agricultural prices KW - Power generation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/921291334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+policy&rft.atitle=Price+projections+of+feedstocks+for+biofuels+and+biopower+in+the+US&rft.au=Langholtz%2C+Matthew%3BGraham%2C+R%3BEaton%2C+L%3BPerlack%2C+R%3BHellwinkel%2C+C%3BTorre+Ugarte%2C+D.G.+de+la&rft.aulast=Langholtz&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2012-02-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=484&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2011.11.009 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 1616 4246; 4263 10107; 5163; 792 10107; 3969 8163; 9971 4163 4246; 11670; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.11.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rebound 2007: analysis of US light-duty vehicle travel statistics AN - 921290644; 4268569 AB - U.S. national time series data on vehicle travel by passenger cars and light trucks covering the period 1966-2007 are used to test for the existence, size and stability of the rebound effect for motor vehicle fuel efficiency on vehicle travel. The data show a statistically significant effect of gasoline price on vehicle travel but do not support the existence of a direct impact of fuel efficiency on vehicle travel. Additional tests indicate that fuel price effects have not been constant over time, although the hypothesis of symmetry with respect to price increases and decreases is not rejected. Small and Van Dender (2007) model of a declining rebound effect with income is tested and similar results are obtained. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy policy AU - Greene, David L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2012/02// PY - 2012 DA - Feb 2012 SP - 14 EP - 28 VL - 41 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Economics KW - Energy efficiency KW - Petrol KW - Energy prices KW - Price level KW - Time series KW - Statistical analysis KW - Road transport KW - U.S.A. KW - Modelling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/921290644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+policy&rft.atitle=Rebound+2007%3A+analysis+of+US+light-duty+vehicle+travel+statistics&rft.au=Greene%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2012-02-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2010.03.083 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 11086 12937; 12224 971; 4255 4276 4249 2805 3872 554 971; 9450 9451; 4263 10107; 12759 12228 10919; 10090; 8162 8163; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.03.083 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multimetric spatial optimization of switchgrass plantings across a watershed AN - 1113229373; 17209335 AB - The increasing demand for bioenergy crops presents our society with the opportunity to design more sustainable landscapes. We have created a Biomass Location for Optimal Sustainability Model (BLOSM) to test the hypothesis that landscape design of cellulosic bioenergy crop plantings may simultaneously improve water quality (i.e. decrease concentrations of sediment, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen) and increase profits for farmer-producers while achieving a feedstock-production goal. BLOSM was run using six scenarios to identify switchgrass (Panicum virga-tum) planting locations that might supply a commercial-scale biorefinery planned for the Lower Little Tennessee (LLT) watershed. Each scenario sought to achieve different sustainability goals: improving water quality through reduced nitrogen, phosphorus, or sediment concentrations; maximizing profit; a balance of these conditions; or a balance of these conditions with the additional constraint of converting no more than 25% of agricultural land. Scenario results were compared to a baseline case of no land-use conversion. BLOSM results indicate that a combined economic and environmental optimization approach can achieve multiple objectives simultaneously when a small proportion (1.3%) of the LLT watershed is planted with perennial switchgrass. The multimetric optimization approach described here can be used as a research tool to consider bioenergy plantings for other feedstocks, sustainability criteria, and regions. JF - Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining AU - Parish, Esther S AU - Hilliard, Michael R AU - Baskaran, Latha M AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Griffiths, Natalie A AU - Mulholland, Patrick J AU - Sorokine, Alexandre AU - Thomas, Neil A AU - Downing, Mark E AU - Middleton, Richard S AD - Center for BioEnergy Sustainability, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, PO Box 2008, MS-6036, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, parishes@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/02// PY - 2012 DA - Feb 2012 SP - 58 EP - 72 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1932-104X, 1932-104X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Landscape KW - Phosphorus KW - Refining KW - Watersheds KW - Water quality KW - Biomass KW - Sustainability KW - Crops KW - Sediments KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Panicum KW - Agricultural land KW - Planting KW - Economics KW - Profits KW - Biofuels KW - Nitrogen KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1113229373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.atitle=Multimetric+spatial+optimization+of+switchgrass+plantings+across+a+watershed&rft.au=Parish%2C+Esther+S%3BHilliard%2C+Michael+R%3BBaskaran%2C+Latha+M%3BDale%2C+Virginia+H%3BGriffiths%2C+Natalie+A%3BMulholland%2C+Patrick+J%3BSorokine%2C+Alexandre%3BThomas%2C+Neil+A%3BDowning%2C+Mark+E%3BMiddleton%2C+Richard+S&rft.aulast=Parish&rft.aufirst=Esther&rft.date=2012-02-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.issn=1932104X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbbb.342 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agricultural land; Economics; Landscape; Phosphorus; Refining; Biomass; Water quality; Watersheds; Biofuels; Sediments; Crops; Nitrogen; Planting; Profits; Sustainability; Panicum; USA, Tennessee DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.342 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Massively parallel rRNA gene sequencing exacerbates the potential for biased community diversity comparisons due to variable library sizes AN - 1024647408; 16384196 AB - Technologies for massively parallel sequencing are revolutionizing microbial ecology and are vastly increasing the scale of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene studies. Although pyrosequencing has increased the breadth and depth of possible rRNA gene sampling, one drawback is that the number of reads obtained per sample is difficult to control. Pyrosequencing libraries typically vary widely in the number of sequences per sample, even within individual studies, and there is a need to revisit the behaviour of richness estimators and diversity indices with variable gene sequence library sizes. Multiple reports and review papers have demonstrated the bias in non-parametric richness estimators (e.g. Chao1 and ACE) and diversity indices when using clone libraries. However, we found that biased community comparisons are accumulating in the literature. Here we demonstrate the effects of sample size on Chao1, ACE, CatchAll, Shannon, Chao-Shen and Simpson's estimations specifically using pyrosequencing libraries. The need to equalize the number of reads being compared across libraries is reiterated, and investigators are directed towards available tools for making unbiased diversity comparisons. JF - Environmental Microbiology AU - Gihring, Thomas M AU - Green, Stefan J AU - Schadt, Christopher W AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA PY - 2012 SP - 285 EP - 290 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 1462-2912, 1462-2912 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Diversity indices KW - rRNA KW - Reviews KW - Sampling KW - N 14815:Nucleotide Sequence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1024647408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Massively+parallel+rRNA+gene+sequencing+exacerbates+the+potential+for+biased+community+diversity+comparisons+due+to+variable+library+sizes&rft.au=Gihring%2C+Thomas+M%3BGreen%2C+Stefan+J%3BSchadt%2C+Christopher+W&rft.aulast=Gihring&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2012-02-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=14622912&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1462-2920.2011.02550.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Document feature - figure 2 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diversity indices; rRNA; Reviews; Sampling DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02550.x ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Experimental Analysis of 10Gbps Transfers Over Physical and Emulated Dedicated Connections T2 - 2012 International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC 2012) AN - 1313072593; 6148801 JF - 2012 International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC 2012) AU - Settlemyer, Bradley AU - Rao, Nageswara AU - Poole, Stephen AU - Hodson, Stephen AU - Hicks, Susan AU - Newman, Paul Y1 - 2012/01/30/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jan 30 KW - Networking KW - Computer science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313072593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+International+Conference+on+Computing%2C+Networking+and+Communications+%28ICNC+2012%29&rft.atitle=Experimental+Analysis+of+10Gbps+Transfers+Over+Physical+and+Emulated+Dedicated+Connections&rft.au=Settlemyer%2C+Bradley%3BRao%2C+Nageswara%3BPoole%2C+Stephen%3BHodson%2C+Stephen%3BHicks%2C+Susan%3BNewman%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Settlemyer&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.date=2012-01-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+International+Conference+on+Computing%2C+Networking+and+Communications+%28ICNC+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.conf-icnc.org/2012/program.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Cloud Computing Infrastructure Robustness: A Game Theory Approach T2 - 2012 International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC 2012) AN - 1312987699; 6148813 JF - 2012 International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC 2012) AU - Rao, Nageswara AU - Ma, Chris AU - He, Fei AU - Zhuang, Jun AU - Yau, David Y1 - 2012/01/30/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jan 30 KW - Infrastructure KW - Clouds KW - Game theory UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312987699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+International+Conference+on+Computing%2C+Networking+and+Communications+%28ICNC+2012%29&rft.atitle=Cloud+Computing+Infrastructure+Robustness%3A+A+Game+Theory+Approach&rft.au=Rao%2C+Nageswara%3BMa%2C+Chris%3BHe%2C+Fei%3BZhuang%2C+Jun%3BYau%2C+David&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=Nageswara&rft.date=2012-01-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+International+Conference+on+Computing%2C+Networking+and+Communications+%28ICNC+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.conf-icnc.org/2012/program.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Tram Methodology for Predicting Chemical Plant Production T2 - 58th Annual Reliability & Maintainability Symposium (RAMS 2012) AN - 1312988645; 6109684 JF - 58th Annual Reliability & Maintainability Symposium (RAMS 2012) AU - Nutaro, James AU - Schryver, Jack AU - Haire, Marvin Y1 - 2012/01/23/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jan 23 KW - Chemical plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312988645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=58th+Annual+Reliability+%26+Maintainability+Symposium+%28RAMS+2012%29&rft.atitle=The+Tram+Methodology+for+Predicting+Chemical+Plant+Production&rft.au=Nutaro%2C+James%3BSchryver%2C+Jack%3BHaire%2C+Marvin&rft.aulast=Nutaro&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2012-01-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=58th+Annual+Reliability+%26+Maintainability+Symposium+%28RAMS+2012%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://rams.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/RAMS_Program_1-13-11.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Future Hydrological Predictions: Does Dynamical Downscaling Add Any Value? T2 - 24th Conference on Climate Variability and Change AN - 1313006779; 6102412 JF - 24th Conference on Climate Variability and Change AU - Ashfaq, Moetasim AU - Kao, S AU - Diffenbaugh, N Y1 - 2012/01/22/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jan 22 KW - Prediction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313006779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=24th+Conference+on+Climate+Variability+and+Change&rft.atitle=Future+Hydrological+Predictions%3A+Does+Dynamical+Downscaling+Add+Any+Value%3F&rft.au=Ashfaq%2C+Moetasim%3BKao%2C+S%3BDiffenbaugh%2C+N&rft.aulast=Ashfaq&rft.aufirst=Moetasim&rft.date=2012-01-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=24th+Conference+on+Climate+Variability+and+Change&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://ams.confex.com/ams/92Annual/webprogram/24CVC.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Self-aligned Cu--Si core--shell nanowire array as a high-performance anode for Li-ion batteries AN - 918055011; 16068274 AB - Silicon nanowires (NWs) have been reported as a promising anode that demonstrated high capacity without pulverization during cycling, however, they present some technical issues that remain to be solved. The high aspect ratio of the NWs and their small contact areas with the current collector cause high electrical resistance, which results in inefficient electron transport. The nano-size interface between a NW and the substrate experiences high shear stress during lithiation, causing the wire to separate from the current collector. In addition, most reported methods for producing silicon NWs involve high-temperature processing and require catalysts that later become contaminants. This study developed a new self-aligned Cu--Si core--shell NW array using a low-temperature, catalyst-free process to address the issues described. The silicon shell is amorphous as synthesized and accommodates Li-ions without phase transformation. The copper core functions as a built-in current collector to provide very short (nm) electron transport pathways as well as backbone to improve mechanical strength. Initial electrochemical evaluation has demonstrated good capacity retention and high Coulombic efficiency for this new anode material in a half-cell configuration. No wire fracture or core--shell separation was observed after cycling. However, electrolyte decomposition products largely covered the top surface of the NW array, restricting electrolyte access and causing capacity reduction at high charging rates. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Qu, Jun AU - Li, Huaqing AU - Henry, John J, Jr AU - Martha, Surendra K AU - Dudney, Nancy J AU - Xu, Hanbing AU - Chi, Miaofang AU - Lance, Michael J AU - Mahurin, Shannon M AU - Besmann, Theodore M AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, United States Y1 - 2012/01/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jan 15 SP - 312 EP - 317 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 198 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Silicon KW - Batteries KW - electrolytes KW - Copper KW - Catalysts KW - Electrochemistry KW - Decomposition KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918055011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Self-aligned+Cu--Si+core--shell+nanowire+array+as+a+high-performance+anode+for+Li-ion+batteries&rft.au=Qu%2C+Jun%3BLi%2C+Huaqing%3BHenry%2C+John+J%2C+Jr%3BMartha%2C+Surendra+K%3BDudney%2C+Nancy+J%3BXu%2C+Hanbing%3BChi%2C+Miaofang%3BLance%2C+Michael+J%3BMahurin%2C+Shannon+M%3BBesmann%2C+Theodore+M%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Qu&rft.aufirst=Jun&rft.date=2012-01-15&rft.volume=198&rft.issue=&rft.spage=312&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2011.10.004 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775311019537?_rdoc=48&_fmt=high&_origin=browse&_srch=hubEid(1-s2.0-S0378775311X00228)&_docanchor=&_ct=65&_refLink=Y&_zone=rslt_list_item&md5=d3e6964253fb20009e1c4aed1e3a61b9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Silicon; Batteries; electrolytes; Catalysts; Copper; Electrochemistry; Decomposition DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.10.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The fundamental equation of eddy covariance and its application in flux measurements AN - 911161887; 16076914 AB - A fundamental equation of eddy covariance (FQEC) is derived that allows the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) N s super(-) (N sub(s)) of a specified atmospheric constituent sto be measured with the constraint of conservation of any other atmospheric constituent (e.g. N2, argon, or dry air). It is shown that if the condition N s super(-) >> chi s super(-) N CO 2 (|N sub(s)| >> | chi sub(s)| |N sub(CO2)|) is true, the conservation of mass can be applied with the assumption of no net ecosystem source or sinkof dry air and the FQEC is reduced to the following equation and its approximation for horizontally homogeneous mass fluxes: N s super(-) = c d super(-) w ' chi ' s super(-) h + integral of 0 h c d super(-) (z) partial differential chi s partial differential t super(-) d z + integral of 0 h [ chi s super(-) ( z ) - chi s super(-) ( h ) ] partial differential c d partial differential t super(-) d z approximately c d super(-) ( h ) w ' chi ' s super(-) h + integral of 0 h partial differential chi s partial differential t super(-) d z . Here w is vertical velocity, c molar density, t time, h eddy flux measurement height, z vertical distance and chi s = c s / c d molar mixing ratio relative to dry air. Subscripts s, d and CO2 are for the specified constituent, dry air and carbon dioxide, respectively. Primes and overbars refer to turbulent fluctuations and time averages, respectively. This equation and its approximation are derived for non-steady state conditions that build on the steady-state theory of Webb, Pearman and Leuning (WPL; Webb et al., 1980. Quart. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 106, 85-100), theory that is widely used to calculate the eddy fluxes of CO2 and other trace gases. The original WPL constraint of no vertical flux of dry air across the EC measurement plane, which is valid only for steady-state conditions, is replaced with the requirement of no net ecosystem source or sink of dry air for non-steady state conditions. This replacement does not affect the 'eddy flux' term c d super(-) w ' chi ' s super(-) but requires the change in storage to be calculated as the 'effective change in storage' as follows: integral of 0 h partial differential c s partial differential t super(-) d z - chi s super(-) ( h ) integral of 0 h partial differential c d partial differential t super(-) d z = integral of 0 h c d super(-) ( z ) partial differential chi s partial differential td z + integral of 0 h [ chi s super(-) ( z ) - chi s super(-) ( h ) ] partial differential c d partial differential t super(-) d z approximately c d super(-) ( h ) integral of 0 h partial differential chi s partial differential t super(-) d z . Without doing so, significant diurnal and seasonal biases may occur. We demonstrate that the effective change in storage can be estimated accurately with a properly designed profile of mixing ratio measurements made at multiple heights. However further simplification by using a single measurement at the EC instrumentation height is shown to produce substantial biases. It is emphasized that an adequately designed profile system for measuring the effective change in storage in proper units is as important as the eddy flux term for determining NEE. When the EC instrumentation measures densities rather than mixing ratios, it is necessary to use: N s super(-) approximately w ' c ' s super(-) h + chi s super(-) w ' c ' v super(-) + c super(-) w ' T ' super(-) T super(-) h + c d super(-) ( h ) integral of 0 h partial differential chi s partial differential t super(-) d z . Here T is temperature and c v and c are the molar densities of water vapor and moist air, respectively. For some atmospheric gas species such as N2 and O2, the condition N s super(-) >> chi s super(-) N CO 2 super(-) is not satisfied and additional information is needed in order to apply the EC technique with the constraint of conservation of dry air. JF - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AU - Gu, Lianhong AU - Massman, William J AU - Leuning, Ray AU - Pallardy, Stephen G AU - Meyers, Tilden AU - Hanson, Paul J AU - Riggs, Jeffery S AU - Hosman, Kevin P AU - Yang, Bai AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, lianhong-gu@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012/01/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jan 15 SP - 135 EP - 148 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 152 SN - 0168-1923, 0168-1923 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Fundamental equation of eddy covariance KW - WPL corrections KW - No net ecosystem source or sink of dry air KW - Effective change in storage KW - Instrumentation KW - Ecosystems KW - Mixing KW - Eddy flux KW - Eddy covariance KW - Dry air KW - Turbulent fluctuations KW - Mixing ratio KW - Vertical velocities KW - Eddy flux measurements KW - Density KW - Storage KW - Eddies KW - Conservation KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Fluctuations KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/911161887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.atitle=The+fundamental+equation+of+eddy+covariance+and+its+application+in+flux+measurements&rft.au=Gu%2C+Lianhong%3BMassman%2C+William+J%3BLeuning%2C+Ray%3BPallardy%2C+Stephen+G%3BMeyers%2C+Tilden%3BHanson%2C+Paul+J%3BRiggs%2C+Jeffery+S%3BHosman%2C+Kevin+P%3BYang%2C+Bai&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Lianhong&rft.date=2012-01-15&rft.volume=152&rft.issue=&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.issn=01681923&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agrformet.2011.09.014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eddy covariance; Dry air; Turbulent fluctuations; Conservation; Vertical velocities; Mixing ratio; Carbon dioxide; Eddy flux; Eddy flux measurements; Storage; Eddies; Ecosystems; Instrumentation; Density; Mixing; Fluctuations; Carbon Dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.09.014 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - What we did not know about E. coli chemotaxis T2 - 2012 Gordon Research Conference on Sensory Transduction In Microorganisms AN - 1313092776; 6109491 JF - 2012 Gordon Research Conference on Sensory Transduction In Microorganisms AU - Zhulin, Igor Y1 - 2012/01/15/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jan 15 KW - Chemotaxis KW - Escherichia coli UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313092776?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2012+Gordon+Research+Conference+on+Sensory+Transduction+In+Microorganisms&rft.atitle=What+we+did+not+know+about+E.+coli+chemotaxis&rft.au=Zhulin%2C+Igor&rft.aulast=Zhulin&rft.aufirst=Igor&rft.date=2012-01-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2012+Gordon+Research+Conference+on+Sensory+Transduction+In+Microorganisms&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.grc.org/programs.aspx?year=2012&program=senstrans LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Post-GWAS in-silico and molecular validation of genic and Intergenic loci associated with cell-wall recalcitrance in Populus T2 - International Plant & Animal Genome XX (PAG XX) AN - 1313114341; 6129945 JF - International Plant & Animal Genome XX (PAG XX) AU - Muchero, Wellington AU - Guo, Jim AU - Chen, Jay AU - Ranjan, Priya AU - Gunter, Lee AU - DiFazio, Stephen AU - Slavov, Gancho AU - Tuskan, Gerald Y1 - 2012/01/14/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jan 14 KW - Plants KW - Animals KW - Genetics KW - Genomes KW - Paleontology KW - Populus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313114341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=International+Plant+%26+Animal+Genome+XX+%28PAG+XX%29&rft.atitle=Post-GWAS+in-silico+and+molecular+validation+of+genic+and+Intergenic+loci+associated+with+cell-wall+recalcitrance+in+Populus&rft.au=Muchero%2C+Wellington%3BGuo%2C+Jim%3BChen%2C+Jay%3BRanjan%2C+Priya%3BGunter%2C+Lee%3BDiFazio%2C+Stephen%3BSlavov%2C+Gancho%3BTuskan%2C+Gerald&rft.aulast=Muchero&rft.aufirst=Wellington&rft.date=2012-01-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Plant+%26+Animal+Genome+XX+%28PAG+XX%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://pag.confex.com/pag/xx/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Functional Genomic Approach for Identifying Regulators of Plant Biomass Recalcitrance in the Woody Bioenergy Crop Populus T2 - International Plant & Animal Genome XX (PAG XX) AN - 1313113881; 6129851 JF - International Plant & Animal Genome XX (PAG XX) AU - Chen, Jay AU - Jawdy, Sara AU - Czarnecki, Olaf AU - Guo, Jim AU - Jin, Zhaoqing AU - Ranjan, Priya AU - Gunter, Lee AU - Engle, Nancy AU - Davis, Mark AU - Tschaplinski, Timothy AU - Tuskan, Gerald Y1 - 2012/01/14/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jan 14 KW - Plant biomass KW - Crops KW - Biofuels KW - Biomass KW - genomics KW - Populus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313113881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=International+Plant+%26+Animal+Genome+XX+%28PAG+XX%29&rft.atitle=A+Functional+Genomic+Approach+for+Identifying+Regulators+of+Plant+Biomass+Recalcitrance+in+the+Woody+Bioenergy+Crop+Populus&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jay%3BJawdy%2C+Sara%3BCzarnecki%2C+Olaf%3BGuo%2C+Jim%3BJin%2C+Zhaoqing%3BRanjan%2C+Priya%3BGunter%2C+Lee%3BEngle%2C+Nancy%3BDavis%2C+Mark%3BTschaplinski%2C+Timothy%3BTuskan%2C+Gerald&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft.date=2012-01-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Plant+%26+Animal+Genome+XX+%28PAG+XX%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://pag.confex.com/pag/xx/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combined inactivation of the Clostridium cellulolyticum lactate and malate dehydrogenase genes substantially increases ethanol yield from cellulose and switchgrass fermentations AN - 923209752; 16303441 AB - The model bacterium Clostridium cellulolyticum efficiently degrades crystalline cellulose and hemicellulose, using cellulosomes to degrade lignocellulosic biomass. Although it imports and ferments both pentose and hexose sugars to produce a mixture of ethanol, acetate, lactate, H2 and CO2, the proportion of ethanol is low, which impedes its use in consolidated bioprocessing for biofuels production. Therefore genetic engineering will likely be required to improve the ethanol yield. Plasmid transformation, random mutagenesis and heterologous expression systems have previously been developed for C. cellulolyticum, but targeted mutagenesis has not been reported for this organism, hindering genetic engineering. The first targeted gene inactivation system was developed for C. cellulolyticum, based on a mobile group II intron originating from the Lactococcus lactis L1.LtrB intron. This markerless mutagenesis system was used to disrupt both the paralogous L-lactate dehydrogenase (Ccel_2485; ldh) and L-malate dehydrogenase (Ccel_0137; mdh) genes, distinguishing the overlapping substrate specificities of these enzymes. Both mutations were then combined in a single strain, resulting in a substantial shift in fermentation toward ethanol production. This double mutant produced 8.5-times more ethanol than wild-type cells growing on crystalline cellulose. Ethanol constituted 93% of the major fermentation products, corresponding to a molar ratio of ethanol to organic acids of 15, versus 0.18 in wild-type cells. During growth on acid-pretreated switchgrass, the double mutant also produced four times as much ethanol as wild-type cells. Detailed metabolomic analyses identified increased flux through the oxidative branch of the mutant's tricarboxylic acid pathway. The efficient intron-based gene inactivation system produced the first non-random, targeted mutations in C. cellulolyticum. As a key component of the genetic toolbox for this bacterium, markerless targeted mutagenesis enables functional genomic research in C. cellulolyticum and rapid genetic engineering to significantly alter the mixture of fermentation products. The initial application of this system successfully engineered a strain with high ethanol productivity from cellobiose, cellulose and switchgrass. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Li, Yongchao AU - Tschaplinski, Timothy J AU - Engle, Nancy L AU - Hamilton, Choo Y AU - Rodriguez, Miguel AU - Liao, James C AU - Schadt, Christopher W AU - Guss, Adam M AU - Yang, Yunfeng AU - Graham, David E AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS-6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, Yongchao.Li-1@ou.edu Y1 - 2012/01/04/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jan 04 SP - 2 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 5 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cellulose KW - ethanol KW - biofuel KW - Clostridium cellulolyticum KW - metabolic engineering KW - fermentation KW - Transformation KW - Lactococcus lactis KW - random mutagenesis KW - cellobiose KW - Fermentation KW - Malate dehydrogenase KW - Substrate specificity KW - dehydrogenase KW - Mutagenesis KW - genomics KW - Ethanol KW - Sugar KW - Enzymes KW - Plasmids KW - Biomass KW - Acetic acid KW - hemicellulose KW - L-Lactate dehydrogenase KW - organic acids KW - cellulosomes KW - Hexose KW - Genetic engineering KW - Lactic acid KW - Introns KW - targeted mutagenesis KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Mutation KW - metabolomics KW - Biofuels KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/923209752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Combined+inactivation+of+the+Clostridium+cellulolyticum+lactate+and+malate+dehydrogenase+genes+substantially+increases+ethanol+yield+from+cellulose+and+switchgrass+fermentations&rft.au=Li%2C+Yongchao%3BTschaplinski%2C+Timothy+J%3BEngle%2C+Nancy+L%3BHamilton%2C+Choo+Y%3BRodriguez%2C+Miguel%3BLiao%2C+James+C%3BSchadt%2C+Christopher+W%3BGuss%2C+Adam+M%3BYang%2C+Yunfeng%3BGraham%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Yongchao&rft.date=2012-01-04&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=1754-6834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-5-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transformation; random mutagenesis; cellobiose; Fermentation; Cellulose; Malate dehydrogenase; Substrate specificity; dehydrogenase; Mutagenesis; genomics; Ethanol; Sugar; Enzymes; Biomass; Plasmids; Acetic acid; L-Lactate dehydrogenase; hemicellulose; cellulosomes; organic acids; Hexose; Genetic engineering; Introns; Lactic acid; targeted mutagenesis; Carbon dioxide; Mutation; Biofuels; metabolomics; Lactococcus lactis; Clostridium cellulolyticum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-5-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Layered binary-dielectrics for energy applications: Limitations and potentials AN - 963857787; 15950080 AB - In this short paper, an attempt is made to illustrate how performance of an electrically insulating material, a dielectric, can be improved by constructing a layered binary-dielectric structure that employs a weak insulator with high dielectric permittivity. It is shown that layered binary-dielectrics could have a significant impact on energy storage and electrical insulation. JF - Current Applied Physics AU - Tuncer, Enis AD - Applied Superconductivity Group, Fusion Energy Division, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6122, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6122, United States enis.tuncer@physics.org Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - Jan 2012 SP - 337 EP - 340 PB - Elsevier B.V. VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 1567-1739, 1567-1739 KW - Ceramic Abstracts/World Ceramics Abstracts (WC); Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN) KW - Dielectric constant KW - Dielectric strength KW - Electric potential KW - Electrical insulation KW - Energy storage KW - Insulating materials KW - Insulators KW - Permittivity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/963857787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Applied+Physics&rft.atitle=Layered+binary-dielectrics+for+energy+applications%3A+Limitations+and+potentials&rft.au=Tuncer%2C+Enis&rft.aulast=Tuncer&rft.aufirst=Enis&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Applied+Physics&rft.issn=15671739&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cap.2011.07.028 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2011.07.028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The biokinetics of ruthenium in the human body AN - 954658586; 16407625 AB - The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is updating its biokinetic and dosimetric models for workers and subsequently will revisit its models for members of the public. This paper summarises the biokinetic database for ruthenium and proposes a new biokinetic model for systemic ruthenium. In contrast to the ICRP's current model, the proposed model depicts recycling of ruthenium between tissues and blood and a non-uniform distribution of systemic ruthenium. The paper also points out inconsistencies between the ICRP's respiratory model for RuO4 vapour and reported data, and inconsistencies between the ICRP's default gastrointestinal (GI) uptake value and data for some forms of ruthenium. Dosimetric implications of the proposed systemic model and the findings for inhaled RuO4 vapour and GI uptake of ruthenium are examined. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Leggett, R W AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 545TPK, MS6495, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 389 EP - 402 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 148 IS - 4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Dosimetry KW - Recycling KW - Ruthenium KW - Vapors KW - Waste management KW - commissions KW - ENA 17:Waste Management-Solid KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954658586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=The+biokinetics+of+ruthenium+in+the+human+body&rft.au=Leggett%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=148&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - commissions; Vapors; Dosimetry; Ruthenium; Recycling; Waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Worker inhalation dose coefficients for radionuclides not previously identified in ICRP publication 68 AN - 954658562; 16407621 AB - While inhalation dose coefficients are provided for about 800 radionuclides in International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Publication 68, many radionuclides of practical dosimetric interest for facilities such as high-energy proton accelerators are not specifically addressed, nor are organ-specific dose coefficients tabulated. The ICRP Publication 68 dosimetry concepts are used, along with updated radiological decay data and metabolic data, to calculate committed equivalent dose coefficients [hT(50)] and committed effective dose coefficients [e(50)] for radionuclides produced at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - McLaughlin, David A AU - Schwahn, Scott O AD - UT-Battelle, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge TN 37830, USA Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 428 EP - 430 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 148 IS - 4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Decay KW - Dose-response effects KW - Dosimetry KW - Inhalation KW - Radioisotopes KW - commissions KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - ENA 08:International UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954658562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=Worker+inhalation+dose+coefficients+for+radionuclides+not+previously+identified+in+ICRP+publication+68&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+David+A%3BSchwahn%2C+Scott+O&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=148&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=428&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; commissions; Dose-response effects; Dosimetry; Radioisotopes; Decay; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose conversion coefficients for neutron exposure to the lens of the human eye AN - 954646660; 16407608 AB - Dose conversion coefficients for the lens of the human eye have been calculated for neutron exposure at energies from 1x10-9 to 20 MeV and several standard orientations: anterior-to-posterior, rotational and right lateral. MCNPX version 2.6.0, a Monte Carlo-based particle transport package, was used to determine the energy deposited in the lens of the eye. The human eyeball model was updated by partitioning the lens into sensitive and insensitive volumes as the anterior portion (sensitive volume) of the lens being more radiosensitive and prone to cataract formation. The updated eye model was used with the adult UF-ORNL mathematical phantom in the MCNPX transport calculations. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Manger, R P AU - Bellamy, M B AU - Eckerman, K F AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 545Oak Ridge Turnpike, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 507 EP - 513 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 148 IS - 4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Dosimetry KW - Eye KW - Packaging KW - Particulates KW - cataracts KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954646660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=Dose+conversion+coefficients+for+neutron+exposure+to+the+lens+of+the+human+eye&rft.au=Manger%2C+R+P%3BBellamy%2C+M+B%3BEckerman%2C+K+F&rft.aulast=Manger&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=148&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=507&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eye; cataracts; Dosimetry; Particulates; Packaging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Evolution of the Bacterial Luciferase Gene Cassette (lux) as a Real-Time Bioreporter AN - 923196357; 16282307 AB - The bacterial luciferase gene cassette (lux) is unique among bioluminescent bioreporter systems due to its ability to synthesize and/or scavenge all of the substrate compounds required for its production of light. As a result, the lux system has the unique ability to autonomously produce a luminescent signal, either continuously or in response to the presence of a specific trigger, across a wide array of organismal hosts. While originally employed extensively as a bacterial bioreporter system for the detection of specific chemical signals in environmental samples, the use of lux as a bioreporter technology has continuously expanded over the last 30 years to include expression in eukaryotic cells such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and even human cell lines as well. Under these conditions, the lux system has been developed for use as a biomedical detection tool for toxicity screening and visualization of tumors in smalls anirnal models. As the technologies for to signal detection continue to improve, it is poised to become one of the first fully implantable detection systems for intra-organismal optical detection through direct marriage to an implantable photon-detecting digital chip. This review presents the basic biochemical background that allows the lux system to continuously autobioluminesce and highlights the important milestones in the use of lux-based bioreporters as they have evolved from chemical detection platforms in prokaryotic bacteria to rodent-based tumorigenesis study targets. In addition, the future of lux imaging using integrated circuit microluminometry to image directly within a living host in real-time will be introduced and its role in the development of dose/response therapeutic systems will be highlighted. JF - Sensors AU - Dan Close, AU - Xu, T AU - Smartt, A AU - Rogers, A AU - Crossley, R AU - Price, S AU - Ripp, S AU - Sayler, G AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, The Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, 676 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - Jan 2012 SP - 732 EP - 752 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 1424-8220, 1424-8220 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Bacteria KW - integrated circuits KW - Tumorigenesis KW - Toxicity KW - Evolutionary genetics KW - imaging KW - Evolution KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - Light effects KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/923196357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sensors&rft.atitle=The+Evolution+of+the+Bacterial+Luciferase+Gene+Cassette+%28lux%29+as+a+Real-Time+Bioreporter&rft.au=Dan+Close%2C%3BXu%2C+T%3BSmartt%2C+A%3BRogers%2C+A%3BCrossley%2C+R%3BPrice%2C+S%3BRipp%2C+S%3BSayler%2C+G&rft.aulast=Dan+Close&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=732&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sensors&rft.issn=14248220&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Fs120100732 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - integrated circuits; Tumorigenesis; Evolutionary genetics; Toxicity; imaging; Evolution; Light effects; Bacteria; Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s120100732 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethanol-tolerant gene identification in Clostridium thermocellum using pyro-resequencing for metabolic engineering. AN - 909290489; 22144357 AB - Classic strain development that combines random mutagenesis and selection has a long history of success in generation of biocatalysts with industrially designed traits. However, the genetic loci contributing to the phenotypic strain changes are difficult to identify prior to genome sequencing technology advancement. In this chapter, we present the approach using Roche 454 next-generation pyro-resequencing to identify the genotypic changes such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associated with an ethanol-tolerant strain of Clostridium thermocellum. The parameters used to filter the pyro-resequencing output for SNP identification are also discussed. These can help researchers to identify the genotypic change of other biocatalysts for strain improvement through metabolic engineering. JF - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) AU - Yang, Shihui AU - Klingeman, Dawn M AU - Brown, Steven D AD - Biosciences Division and BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 111 EP - 136 VL - 834 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Index Medicus KW - Metabolic Networks and Pathways -- genetics KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide KW - Genome, Bacterial KW - Genomic Library KW - Molecular Sequence Annotation KW - Metabolic Engineering -- methods KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA -- methods KW - Genes, Bacterial KW - Ethanol -- metabolism KW - Clostridium thermocellum -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/909290489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Methods+in+molecular+biology+%28Clifton%2C+N.J.%29&rft.atitle=Ethanol-tolerant+gene+identification+in+Clostridium+thermocellum+using+pyro-resequencing+for+metabolic+engineering.&rft.au=Yang%2C+Shihui%3BKlingeman%2C+Dawn+M%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Shihui&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=834&rft.issue=&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Methods+in+molecular+biology+%28Clifton%2C+N.J.%29&rft.issn=1940-6029&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2F978-1-61779-483-4_9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2012-04-06 N1 - Date created - 2011-12-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-483-4_9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying and relating subsurface and land-surface variability in permafrost environments using surface geophysical and lidar datasets AN - 1832582285; 650152-90 JF - Geophysical Research Abstracts AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Gangodagamage, C AU - Dafflon, B AU - Wainwright, H AU - Ulrich, C AU - Gusmeroli, A AU - Wu, Y AU - Doetsch, J AU - Peterson, J E AU - Wilson, C AU - Tweedie, C AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - Abstract EGU2012 EP - 5902-3 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Geosciences Union (EGU), Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 14 SN - 1029-7006, 1029-7006 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - terrestrial environment KW - permafrost KW - laser methods KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - characterization KW - ecosystems KW - variations KW - temperature KW - nitrogen KW - cluster analysis KW - spatial variations KW - quantitative analysis KW - carbon KW - electromagnetic methods KW - chemical properties KW - zoning KW - polygons KW - soils KW - high-resolution methods KW - thermal properties KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - properties KW - resistivity KW - measurement KW - lidar methods KW - cations KW - Alaska KW - glacial geology KW - active layer KW - pore water KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832582285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Quantifying+and+relating+subsurface+and+land-surface+variability+in+permafrost+environments+using+surface+geophysical+and+lidar+datasets&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+S+S%3BGangodagamage%2C+C%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BWainwright%2C+H%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BGusmeroli%2C+A%3BWu%2C+Y%3BDoetsch%2C+J%3BPeterson%2C+J+E%3BWilson%2C+C%3BTweedie%2C+C%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Abstracts&rft.issn=10297006&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2012/EGU2012-5902-3.pdf http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/gra/gra.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - European Geosciences Union general assembly 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; Alaska; carbon; cations; characterization; chemical properties; cluster analysis; ecosystems; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; glacial geology; ground-penetrating radar; high-resolution methods; laser methods; lidar methods; measurement; moisture; nitrogen; permafrost; polygons; pore water; properties; quantitative analysis; radar methods; resistivity; soils; spatial variations; statistical analysis; temperature; terrestrial environment; thermal properties; tomography; United States; variations; zoning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling U(VI) reduction in a field test with emusified vegetable oil (EVO) as the electron donor AN - 1752576991; 2016-000350 AB - A one-time 2-hour EVO injection in a fast flowing aquifer resulted in decreased U(VI) flux to an surface stream for over a year. A model was developed to couple EVO hydrolysis, production and oxidation of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA), glycerol, acetate and H (sub 2) , reduction of nitrate, Fe(III), U(VI) and sulfate, and methanogenesis with growth and decay of microbial functional groups. Literature values were used for U(VI) sorption and microbially-mediated reduction reactions with acetate and H (sub 2) . Microcosm test data were used to estimate hydrolysis, glycerol fermentation, and LCFA oxidation parameters. The model was implemented in PHT3D to model coupled processes in the field test. The model approximately matched the observed aqueous acetate, nitrate, Fe, U (Figure 1), and sulfate concentrations, and described the trends of growth and decay of microbial functional groups. While the lab-determined parameters were generally applicable for the field-scale simulation, the hydrolysis rate constant was estimated to be an order of magnitude faster in the field than in the microcosms. Sulfate reducer biomass was predicted to accumulate near the injection wells and along the side boundaries of the treatment zone where electron donors (LCFA) and electron acceptors (sulfate) from the surrounding environment met. Consequently, biogenic U(IV) accumulation in these locations was predicted (Figure 2). While EVO retention and hydrolysis characteristics were expected to control the treatment longevity, these modeling results indicated that electron acceptors such as sulfate not only compete for electrons but also may play a conducive role in degrading LCFA and enhancing U(VI) reduction and immobilization. The models could be useful for further research and bioremediation design. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Tang, G AU - Watson, D B AU - Wu, W M AU - Schadt, C W AU - Parker, J C AU - Brooks, S C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2438 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - sorption KW - fatty acids KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - hydrolysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - carboxylic acids KW - hydrodynamics KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752576991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Modeling+U%28VI%29+reduction+in+a+field+test+with+emusified+vegetable+oil+%28EVO%29+as+the+electron+donor&rft.au=Tang%2C+G%3BWatson%2C+D+B%3BWu%2C+W+M%3BSchadt%2C+C+W%3BParker%2C+J+C%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tang&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2438&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2435.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; carboxylic acids; chemical reactions; fatty acids; ground water; hydrodynamics; hydrolysis; metals; organic acids; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sorption; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution and stable isotopic composition of ClO (sub 4) (super -) in the Atacama Desert AN - 1729847910; 2015-105292 AB - High concentrations of atmospheric ClO (sub 4) (super -) , ClO (sub 3) (super -) , and NO (sub 3) (super -) occur in the Atacama Desert where dry and oxic conditions allow oxyanions to accumulate near the surface over long periods. We collected sediment samples from vertical profiles ( approximately 1-3 m depth) over a 1000 km longitudinal transect along the central depression in the Atacama. ClO (sub 4) (super -) /NO (sub 3) (super -) molar ratios (350-3,500) and NO (sub 3) (super -) stable isotopes were relatively consistent both with depth and along the longitudinal transect except for locations receiving >2 cm of annual precipitation. ClO (sub 4) (super -) /ClO (sub 3) (super -) molar ratios were similar for most sites ( approximately 1). In contrast, ClO (sub 4) (super -) exhibited substantial variation in its stable isotopic composition (delta (super 18) O and Delta (super 17) O) with respect to location along the longitudinal transect. In addition, the delta (super 18) O and Delta (super 17) O of O in ClO (sub 4) (super -) were strongly correlated (r (super 2) =0.89). Elevated Delta (super 17) O values indicate ClO (sub 4) (super -) formed largely by O (sub 3) mediated oxidation of Cl, possibly in the stratosphere. However, substantial variation in delta (super 18) O (-25 to -3 per mil) and Delta (super 17) O (+4 to +10 per mil) of ClO (sub 4) (super -) is intriguing given the long salt accumulation times ( approximately 10 (super 6) years). This isotopic variation may indicate some unknown process is controlling deposition over a large area for long time periods, atmospheric ClO (sub 4) (super -) isotopic composition has varied in geologic time, or some surface process (generation or alteration) that varies spatially is affecting the ClO (sub 4) (super -) isotope composition by transformation, exchange, or dilution. Insights from our work are relevant to models of oxyanion production and accumulation in areas with little biologic activity. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Jackson, W Andrew AU - Rao, Balaji AU - Boehlke, J K AU - Hatzinger, Paul B AU - Sturchio, Neil AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Davilia, Alfonso AU - Clair, Mark AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1889 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - oxidation KW - atmosphere KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Chile KW - stable isotopes KW - South America KW - Atacama Desert KW - chemical composition KW - O-17/O-16 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729847910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Distribution+and+stable+isotopic+composition+of+ClO+%28sub+4%29+%28super+-%29+in+the+Atacama+Desert&rft.au=Jackson%2C+W+Andrew%3BRao%2C+Balaji%3BBoehlke%2C+J+K%3BHatzinger%2C+Paul+B%3BSturchio%2C+Neil%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BDavilia%2C+Alfonso%3BClair%2C+Mark%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1889&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1886.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atacama Desert; atmosphere; chemical composition; Chile; isotope ratios; isotopes; O-17/O-16; O-18/O-16; oxidation; oxygen; South America; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neutron scattering reveals conformations of the transcriptional regulator MerR in complex with its operator DNA AN - 1729846663; 2015-105332 AB - Bacterial resistance to heavy metals is controlled by metal-responsive transcriptional regulators. For example, bacterial resistance to inorganic and organic mercury compounds is conferred by the mer operon, which is typically located on transposons or plasmids. These proteins are involved in Hg(II) import, proteolysis of organomercurials and Hg(II) reduction to Hg(0). Expression of the mer operon genes is controlled by the transcriptional repressor-activator MerR. How Hg(II) binding affects the changes in the conformation of MerR, which in turn propagate through DNA contacts to its operator DNA (MerOP) is unknown. In this study we investigate Hg(II)-induced conformational changes of MerOP in complex with its regulator MerR to reveal the transcription control mechanism conferred by MerR. Experimentally, we purified MerR and prepared a complex with a 23bp MerOP dsDNA construct. In vivo, MerR tightly binds to MerOP in a region of dyad symmetry between the 10 and -35 RNA polymerase recognition sites. In the absence of Hg(II), RNA polymerase binds to its promoter and forms a stable pre-initiation complex with dimeric MerR acting as a repressor preventing RNA polymerase from accessing the -10 recognition site. In the experiments, we examined the MerR-MerOP complex in the presence and absence of Hg(II) using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) (Fig. 1). A contrast variation series allowed us to detect changes in the conformation of MerR and MerOP, respectively. Homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulations were used to generate atomic resolution models to interpret the data. The results provide insights on the allosteric change in MerR triggered by Hg(II), which causes a reorientation of the -10 recognition site and ultimately initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Johs, Alexander AU - Tomanicek, Stephen J AU - Guo, Hao-Bo AU - Summers, Anne O AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1904 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - nucleic acids KW - RNA KW - pollutants KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - DNA KW - pollution KW - heavy metals KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729846663?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Neutron+scattering+reveals+conformations+of+the+transcriptional+regulator+MerR+in+complex+with+its+operator+DNA&rft.au=Johs%2C+Alexander%3BTomanicek%2C+Stephen+J%3BGuo%2C+Hao-Bo%3BSummers%2C+Anne+O%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Johs&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1904&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1886.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; DNA; heavy metals; mercury; metals; nucleic acids; pollutants; pollution; RNA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Causes of spring vegetation growth trends in the northern mid-high latitudes from 1982 to 2004 AN - 1694972050; PQ0001620611 AB - The Community Land Model version 4 (CLM4) is applied to explore the spatial-temporal patterns of spring (April-May) vegetation growth trends over the northern mid-high latitudes (NMH) (>25[degrees]N) between 1982 and 2004. During the spring season through the 23 yr period, both the satellite-derived and simulated normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) anomalies show a statistically significant correlation and an overall greening trend within the study area. Consistently with the observed NDVI-temperature relation, the CLM4 NDVI shows a significant positive association with the spring temperature anomaly for the NMH, North America and Eurasia. Large study areas experience temperature discontinuity associated with contrasting NDVI trends. Before and after the turning point (TP) of the temperature trends, climatic variability plays a dominant role, while the other environmental factors exert minor effects on the NDVI tendencies. Simulated vegetation growth is broadly stimulated by the increasing atmospheric CO sub(2). Trends show that nitrogen deposition increases NDVI mostly in southeastern China, and decreases NDVI mainly in western Russia after the temperature TP. Furthermore, land use-induced NDVI trends vary roughly with the respective changes in land management practices (crop areas and forest coverage). Our results highlight how non-climatic factors mitigate or exacerbate the impact of temperature on spring vegetation growth, particularly across regions with intensive human activity. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Mao, Jiafu AU - Shi, Xiaoying AU - Thornton, Peter E AU - Piao, Shilong AU - Wang, Xuhui AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Building 2040, Room E277, MS6301, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6301, USA, maoj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012///0, PY - 2012 DA - 0, 2012 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - vegetation growth trends KW - temperature turning point KW - NDVI KW - CLM4 KW - North America KW - Land management KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Forests KW - Vegetation KW - Environmental factors KW - Crops KW - Growth KW - INW, Russia KW - Green development KW - Eurasia KW - Latitude KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Human factors KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Nitrogen KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1694972050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Causes+of+spring+vegetation+growth+trends+in+the+northern+mid-high+latitudes+from+1982+to+2004&rft.au=Mao%2C+Jiafu%3BShi%2C+Xiaoying%3BThornton%2C+Peter+E%3BPiao%2C+Shilong%3BWang%2C+Xuhui&rft.aulast=Mao&rft.aufirst=Jiafu&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F7%2F1%2F014010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Land management; Climate; Temperature; Vegetation; Forests; Environmental factors; Crops; Growth; Green development; Latitude; Human factors; Carbon dioxide; Nitrogen; North America; INW, Russia; Eurasia; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/1/014010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volcano impacts on climate and biogeochemistry in a coupled carbon-climate model AN - 1689588769; 2015-053363 AB - Volcanic eruptions induce a dynamical response in the climate system characterized by short-term global reductions in both surface temperature and precipitation, as well as a response in biogeochemistry. The available observations of these responses to volcanic eruptions, such as to Pinatubo, provide a valuable method to compare against model simulations. Here, the Community Climate System Model Version 3 (CCSM3) reproduces the physical climate response to volcanic eruptions in a realistic way, as compared to direct observations from the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo. The model's biogeochemical response to eruptions is smaller in magnitude than observed, but because of the lack of observations, it is not clear why or where the modeled carbon response is not strong enough. Comparison to other models suggests that this model response is much weaker over tropical land; however, the precipitation response in other models is not accurate, suggesting that other models could be getting the right response for the wrong reason. The underestimated carbon response in the model compared to observations could also be due to the ash and lava input of biogeochemically important species to the ocean, which are not included in the simulation. A statistically significant reduction in the simulated carbon dioxide growth rate is seen at the 90% level in the average of 12 large eruptions over the period 1870-2000, and the net uptake of carbon is primarily concentrated in the tropics, with large spatial variability. In addition, a method for computing the volcanic response in model output without using a control ensemble is tested against a traditional methodology using two separate ensembles of runs; the method is found to produce similar results in the global average. These results suggest that not only is simulating volcanoes a good test of coupled carbon-climate models, but also that this test can be performed without a control simulation in cases where it is not practical to run separate ensembles with and without volcanic eruptions. JF - Earth System Dynamics (ESD) AU - Rothenberg, D AU - Mahowald, N AU - Lindsay, K AU - Doney, S C AU - Moore, J K AU - Thornton, P Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 121 EP - 136 PB - Copernicus Publications, Gottingen VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 2190-4979, 2190-4979 KW - coupling KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - simulation KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - transport KW - volcanism KW - carbon KW - ground-surface temperature KW - climate forcing KW - geochemistry KW - world ocean KW - climate KW - productivity KW - fixation KW - time series analysis KW - biochemistry KW - statistical analysis KW - atmosphere KW - anomalies KW - geochemical cycle KW - models KW - atmospheric transport KW - eruptions KW - latitude KW - carbon cycle KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689588769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+System+Dynamics+%28ESD%29&rft.atitle=Volcano+impacts+on+climate+and+biogeochemistry+in+a+coupled+carbon-climate+model&rft.au=Rothenberg%2C+D%3BMahowald%2C+N%3BLindsay%2C+K%3BDoney%2C+S+C%3BMoore%2C+J+K%3BThornton%2C+P&rft.aulast=Rothenberg&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+System+Dynamics+%28ESD%29&rft.issn=21904979&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fesd-3-121-2012 L2 - http://www.earth-system-dynamics.net/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anomalies; atmosphere; atmospheric precipitation; atmospheric transport; biochemistry; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; climate forcing; coupling; eruptions; fixation; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; ground-surface temperature; latitude; models; productivity; simulation; statistical analysis; time series analysis; transport; volcanism; world ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-3-121-2012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neutron diffraction, excess sorption and infrared study of CO (sub 2) interaction with Na-rich montmorillonite at CCS P-T conditions AN - 1680754599; 2015-042654 AB - The interaction of CO (sub 2) with Na-rich montmorillonite clay (Na-mont) as an analog for a clay-rich caprock was studied to better understand how CO (sub 2) might interact with caprock at P-T conditions relevant to carbon capture and storage (CCS). Neutron diffraction, excess sorption and Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) analyses of Na-mont at 35 degrees C and 50 degrees C, and pressures relevant to CCS, were conducted. Neutron diffraction and excess sorption measurements were conducted on Na-montmorillonite at CO (sub 2) pressures from 0-200 bars. Neutron diffraction measurements show a shift in the d(001) spacing from 12.10 A to 12.55 A and a decrease in the intensity of the d(001) peak, both of which are consistent with CO (sub 2) entering the interlayer region of the clay. Excess sorption isotherms were determined gravimetrically to provide a better understanding of changes in the density of CO (sub 2) near clay surfaces. Maxima in the excess sorption isotherms were observed at a bulk density nearly equal 0.15 g/cm (super 3) and pressures of 58 bars (35 degrees C) and 64 bars (50 degrees C). As the bulk density of the CO (sub 2) increases, the amount of CO (sub 2) sorbed to the clay decreases. To better understand the specific structural locations of CO (sub 2) interaction with the Na-mont, the same clay sample examined by neutron diffraction and excess sorption was studied using ATR-FTIR. Measurements were conducted on both dried and hydrated Na-mont from 1-82 bars at 35 degrees and 50 degrees C. ATR-FTIR data show that the asymmetric stretch and bending mode of sorbed CO (sub 2) is impacted by the presence of interlayer water, but the absorption bands due to adsorbed water between 3564 and 2975 cm (super -1) are not affected by the presence of CO (sub 2) . Specifically, the frequency of the asymmetric sorbed CO (sub 2) band is at 2339 cm (super -1) in dehydrated clay, but at 2344 cm (super -1) in hydrated clay. The sorbed CO (sub 2) bands increase in intensity with increasing CO (sub 2) pressure. The stretching mode for the isolated inner hydroxyl groups at 3623 cm (super -1) is present in both the hydrated and dehydrated clay and is not affected by the presence of CO (sub 2) . Analysis of the data indicates that sorbed CO (sub 2) enters the interlayer space and potentially sorbs onto the edges of octahedral sheets in the Na-mont structure. If CO (sub 2) does enter the Na-mont interlayer it could affect the rheological properties of the caprock, but further work is needed to determine if this might lead to a degradation or enhancement of seal quality. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Krukowski, Elizabeth AU - Goodman, Angela AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Ilton, Eugene S AU - Guthrie, George AU - Bodnar, Robert J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1958 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - bulk density KW - alkali metals KW - sodium KW - infrared spectra KW - clay minerals KW - carbon dioxide KW - FTIR spectra KW - isotherms KW - rheology KW - metals KW - cap rocks KW - sheet silicates KW - spectra KW - P-T conditions KW - montmorillonite KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680754599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Neutron+diffraction%2C+excess+sorption+and+infrared+study+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+interaction+with+Na-rich+montmorillonite+at+CCS+P-T+conditions&rft.au=Krukowski%2C+Elizabeth%3BGoodman%2C+Angela%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BIlton%2C+Eugene+S%3BGuthrie%2C+George%3BBodnar%2C+Robert+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Krukowski&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1958&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1912.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; bulk density; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; clay minerals; FTIR spectra; infrared spectra; isotherms; metals; montmorillonite; P-T conditions; rheology; sheet silicates; silicates; sodium; sorption; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Earth science data; cyberinfrastructure, education, and multi-organizational collaborations AN - 1673368391; 2015-032829 AB - Addressing grand environmental science challenges requires unprecedented access to easily understood data that cross the breadth of temporal, spatial, and thematic scales. From a scientist's perspective, the big challenges lie in discovering the relevant data, dealing with extreme data heterogeneity, and converting data to information and knowledge. Addressing these challenges requires new approaches for managing, preserving, analyzing, and sharing data. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Science Foundation (NSF) are actively involved in developing infrastructure, tools, standards, best practices, and educational modules in support of the creation of a virtual data network that will serve as the foundation of new innovative environmental research that addresses these questions relevant to science and society. This activity, Data Observation Network for Earth (DataONE), is bringing together multiple domain scientists and cyberinfrastructure to enable this paradigm shift. The session will discuss and demonstrate the current activities underway within the DataONE and USGS networks as it relates to such issues as continental scale patterns of bird migration; long-term preservation of research data needs; educating and engaging domain scientists; establishing infrastructure tools and services across multiple institutional organizations; and how best to involve other organizations and complementary initiatives. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Frame, Michael AU - Michener, William AU - Cook, Robert AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 207 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 34 KW - DataONE KW - geoscience KW - data processing KW - data bases KW - Data Observation Network for Earth KW - education KW - information management KW - data management KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673368391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Earth+science+data%3B+cyberinfrastructure%2C+education%2C+and+multi-organizational+collaborations&rft.au=Frame%2C+Michael%3BMichener%2C+William%3BCook%2C+Robert%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Frame&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 34th international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data bases; data management; Data Observation Network for Earth; data processing; DataONE; education; geoscience; information management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature, charge and radius dependence of multivalent cation adsorption on rutile (alpha -TiO (sub 2) ) in aqueous 1:1 electrolytes AN - 1612262277; 2014-079954 AB - Sorption isotherms - percent adsorption of trace amounts (typically 10 (super -3) molal) of multivalent cations (Ca (super 2+) , Sr (super 2+) , Co (super 2+) , Ni (super 2+) , Zn (super 2+) , Nd (super 3+) , Y (super 3+) ) in 0.03 to 0.3 molal aqueous, non-complexing 1:1 electrolytes (NaCl, RbCl, NaTrifluormethanesulfonate) - on (Tioxide Corp.) rutile submicron powder suspensions were collected at approximately constant solution/solid ratio ( approximately 50 g solution/1 g of 15 m (super 2) /g rutile). The pH at temperature was measured using a hydrogen-electrode concentration cell, and samples were taken through an in situ, submicron filter for analysis of unadsorbed cation concentration by ICP-AES. Under these conditions, the pH of 50% adsorption, readily extracted from the sigmoidal sorption isotherms, represents a model-independent measure of the relative sorption affinity of the multivalent cations, which are shown in the figure below to be remarkably systematic and increase strongly (lower pH (sub 50%) ) with increasing cation charge and temperature (linear with inverse temperature) and decreasing ionic radius. Alkaline earth cations sorb weakly and show ionic strength dependence, while smaller divalent transition metals and especially trivalent rare earths sorb much more strongly and do not exhibit significant ionic strength dependence. Multiplication of the pH (sub 50%) sorption value by (Z (super 2) /R) (super 1/2) , (Z=cation charge; R=bare cation radius in pm), greatly reduces the total variance at a given temperature. This behavior is also found for uraninite (UO (sub 2) ) and may be typical of multivalent ion sorption on high-bulk-dielectric solids that exhibit inner-sphere cation sorption, as we have demonstrated for rutile by combined X-ray reflectivity and molecular modeling studies. The results have important implications for contaminant migration in subsurface environments and suggest a simple approach for recovery of rare earth elements from phosphate production waste streams, and separation from actinides. Research sponsored by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Predota, Milan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2536 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - sorption KW - isotherms KW - rutile KW - oxides KW - cations KW - electrolytes KW - spectra KW - adsorption KW - temperature KW - emission spectra KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612262277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Temperature%2C+charge+and+radius+dependence+of+multivalent+cation+adsorption+on+rutile+%28alpha+-TiO+%28sub+2%29+%29+in+aqueous+1%3A1+electrolytes&rft.au=Wesolowski%2C+David+J%3BMachesky%2C+Michael+L%3BRidley%2C+Moira+K%3BPredota%2C+Milan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wesolowski&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2536&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2504.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; cations; electrolytes; emission spectra; isotherms; oxides; rutile; sorption; spectra; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The fate of mercury at a contaminated site AN - 1612261774; 2014-079935 AB - Soils contaminated with mercury present unique challenges for remediation due to the variety of chemical forms in which mercury occurs. Mercury, like many other heavy metals, cannot be degraded in the environment and its remediation must therefore involve either removal or immobilization. The characteristics of the mercury in sediment, i.e., Hg(0) beads with or without coatings of HgO and Hg(OH) (sub 2) , or oxidized Hg(II) that is attached to sediment minerals, or precipitated Hg as mercury sulfide (HgS), underpins the technologies that can be effective for clean up. When selecting mercury remediation technologies at a given contaminated site it is essential that the form of mercury-especially speciation-is well understood. During the mercury use era at the Y-12 National Security Complex, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, large quantities of mercury were lost to the subsurface environment. Spilled elemental mercury has undergone complex biogeochemical transformations under both saturated and unsaturated conditions. High-levels of mercury have recently been found in soil collected from a Hg use area (which housed a mercury retort furnace from 1957 until 1962). Hg concentrations, determined by atomic absorption following core collection, sampling and soil digestion, ranged from 0.2 to 19000 ppm. Hg(0) was the dominant form in sediment samples where mercury beads were visually present. Additionally micron-sized Hg(0) beads were also observed. Although the formation process is under investigation, the observed micron-sized beads may have formed in situ due to high vapor pressure and/or disintegrated from the original Hg(0) beads over the last 50 years in the subsurface. New SEM and XRD evidence shows that the coatings of the mercury beads are predominantly HgO, but that native clay minerals are also present. These results are being incorporated into further laboratory tests focused on evaluating the fate and transport of mercury as well as the development of new remediation strategies. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Watson, David AU - Miller, Carrie AU - Howe, Jane AU - He, Feng AU - Pierce, Eric AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - technology KW - soil pollution KW - pollutants KW - metals KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612261774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+fate+of+mercury+at+a+contaminated+site&rft.au=Watson%2C+David%3BMiller%2C+Carrie%3BHowe%2C+Jane%3BHe%2C+Feng%3BPierce%2C+Eric%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2504.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; mercury; metals; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil pollution; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diffusion/deposition/remobilization of uranium in bioreduced zones AN - 1612261542; 2014-079934 AB - It is common practice to inject substrates and other reactants to reduce the mobility and/or toxicity of subsurface contaminants through bioreduction and other remediation techniques. These injections result in manipulated zones that are in a state of chemical disequilibrium. For example, bioreduction can significantly reduce the concentration of contaminants (like U) and other inorganics in groundwater but increase the concentration on the solid phase. Due to preferential transport through subsurface heterogeneities, there will be abrupt aqueous concentration gradients between well connected high permeability zones that receive a high concentration of treatment media (low U zone) and adjacent lower permeability zones that do not receive treatment media (high U zone). The objective of this study is to assess the diffusion of U into bioreduced zones from adjacent unreduced zones, deposition of the U in the bioreduced zone and remobilization of U after the bioreduction has stopped. Laboratory bottle tests, field observations at the U.S. DOE Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge site during U bioreduction experiments and numerical modelling were employed to meet these objectives. U contaminated soils encapsulated in polyacrylamide hydrogels (Spalding and Brooks, 2005) were used in the lab and the field to determine U release and diffusion rates (Figure 1). A two site kinetic model was used to predict release and diffusion of U from unreduced zones to adjacent reduced zones. Loss of U in bioreduced bottle test The results of our study suggest that U will migrate from unreduced zones into reduced zones when bioreduction is active resulting in "extra" U being deposited in high permeability transport pathways. However, if bioreduction conditions are not maintained, an unintended consequence may be an increase in the U flux (relative to pre-bioreduced conditions) as the "extra" U is released as a result of oxygenated groundwater entering the previously reduced zone. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Watson, David AU - Tang, Guoping AU - Earles, Jennifer AU - Brooks, Scott AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2528 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - remediation KW - observations KW - models KW - substrates KW - laboratory studies KW - toxicity KW - transport KW - deposition KW - metals KW - uranium KW - heterogeneity KW - kinetics KW - actinides KW - permeability KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612261542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Diffusion%2Fdeposition%2Fremobilization+of+uranium+in+bioreduced+zones&rft.au=Watson%2C+David%3BTang%2C+Guoping%3BEarles%2C+Jennifer%3BBrooks%2C+Scott%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2528&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2504.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; deposition; diffusion; experimental studies; heterogeneity; kinetics; laboratory studies; metals; models; observations; permeability; remediation; substrates; toxicity; transport; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solid-solution interfacial reactions; effect of solution saturation state AN - 1535203238; 2014-037875 AB - Solid-solution interfacial reactions-specifically silica-rich inorganic surface coatings-play a critical role in the evolution of natural and engineered systems and the transport of radionuclides in the environment. For example, Nugent et al. has shown that development of silica-rich inorganic surface coatings form quickly on albite samples in the field and suggests the formation of these coatings are the reason for the discrepancy between laboratory and field measured weathering rates. Similar surface-layers have been observed in weathering studies conducted with mineral-based glasses, French and Roman glass samples, and surrogate nuclear waste glasses. Knowledge gaps in the fundamental understanding of alteration layer formation impede the ability to link macroscopic reaction kinetics to nanometer scale interfacial processes that occur at the surface of mineral and glasses, especially under near-saturated conditions. Therefore to address the scientific challenge of deciphering the complex reactions controlling the formation and evolution of silica-rich surface layers; a series of flow-through experiments were conducted as a function of a[SiO (sub 2) (aq)], from dilute to near-saturated conditions with respect SiO (sub 2) (am), at pH(23 degrees C) = 9.0 and T = 90 degrees C. Results illustrate that as the saturation state of the solution increases the dissolution rate decreases by approximately two to three orders of magnitude. Furthermore, analysis of reacted grains illustrate significant changes in the elemental composition and structure of the hydrated-surface. In addition to the afore-mentioned experimental measurements, Monte Carlo simulations are being used to gain additional insight into the evolution of the elemental profiles. Recent advances to the code developed by Kerisit and Pierce enable visualization of the history of the Si sites in a reacted glass sample to determine the origin of elements that comprise the hydrated-surface layer. Although the data collected to-date provide key information on the processes occurring at the glass-water interface, additional experimentation and modeling will be required to develop a more robust understanding of these reactions. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Pierce, Eric M AU - Kerisit, Sebastien N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2232 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - silicates KW - plagioclase KW - volcanic rocks KW - glasses KW - igneous rocks KW - albite KW - solid solution KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - saturation KW - silica KW - framework silicates KW - geochemistry KW - feldspar group KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535203238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Solid-solution+interfacial+reactions%3B+effect+of+solution+saturation+state&rft.au=Pierce%2C+Eric+M%3BKerisit%2C+Sebastien+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pierce&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2232&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2198.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - albite; chemical reactions; feldspar group; framework silicates; geochemistry; glasses; igneous rocks; mineral composition; plagioclase; saturation; silica; silicates; solid solution; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - (U)SANS analysis of experimental dissolution and formation of quartz overgrowths in St. Peter Sandstone AN - 1535200991; 2014-037741 AB - The microstructure and evolution of porosity in time and space play a critical role in many geologic processes, including migration and retention of water, gas and hydrocarbons, the evolution of hydrothermal systems, weathering, diagenesis and metamorphism, as well as technological processes such as CO (sub 2) sequestration, shale gas and secondary oil recovery. The size, distribution and connectivity of these confined geometries collectively dictate how fluids migrate into and through these micro- and nanoenvironments, wet and react with mineral surfaces. To interpret the time-temperature-pressure history of a geological system the physical and chemical "fingerprints" of this evolution in the rock should be interrogated from the nanoscale to the macroscale. We have performed a series of experiments to understand the effects of quartz overgrowths on nanometer to centimeter scale pore structures of sandstones. Blocks from two samples of St. Peter Sandstone with different initial porosities (5.8 and 18.3 %) were reacted from 3 days to 7.5 months at 100 and 200 degrees C in aqueous solutions supersaturated with respect to quartz by reaction with amorphous silica. Porosity in the resultant samples was analyzed using small and ultrasmall angle neutron scattering and SEM/BSE-based image processing techniques. Significant changes were observed in the multiscale pore structures. By 3 days the overgrowths in the low-porosity sample dissolved away. The reason for this is uncertain, but the overgrowths can be clearly distinguished from the cores in the BSE images. At longer times the larger pores are observed to fill with needle-like precipitates. As with the unreacted sandstones, porosity is a step function of size. Grain boundaries are typically fractal, but no evidence of mass fractal or fuzzy interface behavior was observed [cf.1] suggesting a structural difference between chemical and clastic sediments. After the initial loss of the overgrowths image scale porosity (> approximately 1 mm) decreases with time, while submicron porosity (typically approximately 25 % of the total) is relatively constant or slightly decreasing, and the fraction of small pores increases. Research sponsored by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Anovitz, Lawrene M AU - Cole, David R AU - Jackson, Andrew AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Littrell, Ken AU - Allard, Lawrence F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1428 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - silicates KW - silica minerals KW - shale gas KW - natural gas KW - Middle Ordovician KW - microstructure KW - sandstone KW - petroleum KW - carbon dioxide KW - Ordovician KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - framework silicates KW - Saint Peter Sandstone KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - Paleozoic KW - enhanced recovery KW - porosity KW - secondary recovery KW - quartz KW - clastic rocks KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535200991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=%28U%29SANS+analysis+of+experimental+dissolution+and+formation+of+quartz+overgrowths+in+St.+Peter+Sandstone&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+Lawrene+M%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BJackson%2C+Andrew%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BLittrell%2C+Ken%3BAllard%2C+Lawrence+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=Lawrene&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1428&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1401.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; enhanced recovery; experimental studies; framework silicates; laboratory studies; microstructure; Middle Ordovician; mineral composition; natural gas; Ordovician; Paleozoic; petroleum; porosity; quartz; Saint Peter Sandstone; sandstone; secondary recovery; sedimentary rocks; shale gas; silica minerals; silicates; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface complexation modeling of Na (super +) and Rb (super +) adsorption by rutile to 250 degrees C AN - 1524612581; 2014-032593 AB - Surface complexation models (SCMs) provide the means to rationalize and extend (to uncharacterized conditions) cation adsorption data, and increasing use is being made of molecular level experimental and/or modeling results to constrain SCM parameter space. One rather surprising finding of this molecular-level information is that monovalent alkali metal cations can bind in inner-sphere fashion to oxides such as rutile. Given the very common use of alkali metal salts as background electrolyte media for adsorption experiments, it therefore becomes necessary to incorporate inner-sphere adsorption of alkali metal cations into SCMs to best represent molecular-level reality. Ridley et al demonstrated that the CD-MUSIC model of Hiemstra, van Riemsdijk and co-workers can successfully accommodate inner-sphere binding of Na (super +) , K (super +) , and Rb (super +) , as gleaned from ab initio constrained classical molecular dynamics (CMD) simulations (for Na (super +) , Rb (super +) ) and X-ray reflectivity measurements (for Rb (super +) ) in fitting 25 degrees C rutile surface titration data. We have extended this CD-MUSIC approach to rutile surface titration data collected to 250 degrees C in NaCl, NaTr(Tr=triflate) and RbCl electrolyte solutions. CMD results that track Na (super +) and Rb (super +) adsorption by the 110 surface of rutile at 25, 150, and 250 degrees C and several charge states are used to constrain the allowable CD-MUSIC model parameters and it is shown that the resulting SCM can adequately mirror most of the CMD results over the broad ambient to hydrothermal temperature range. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Predota, Milan AU - Ridley, Moira K AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2050 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - experimental studies KW - complexing KW - rubidium KW - alkali metals KW - aqueous solutions KW - adsorption KW - sodium KW - temperature KW - models KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - rutile KW - oxides KW - chemical composition KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524612581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Surface+complexation+modeling+of+Na+%28super+%2B%29+and+Rb+%28super+%2B%29+adsorption+by+rutile+to+250+degrees+C&rft.au=Machesky%2C+Michael+L%3BPredota%2C+Milan%3BRidley%2C+Moira+K%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Machesky&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2050&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2045.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkali metals; aqueous solutions; chemical composition; chemical reactions; complexing; experimental studies; laboratory studies; metals; models; oxides; rubidium; rutile; sodium; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GOLIATH; a systems biology, geochemical and physiological approach to discern microbial transformations of mercury and methylmercury AN - 1524612086; 2014-030952 AB - BACKGROUND: Mercury (Hg) contamination is a global concern. Hg methylation is an important biogeochemical process, which generates the potent neurotoxin monomethylmercury (MeHg). Net MeHg production in aquatic ecosystems is linked to environmental and geochemical parameters along with electron donor and acceptor availability. Recently we found that methylating communities contained high populations of Desulfobulbus and Geobacter spp. To gain a deeper understanding of the microbial community populations involved in, and geochemical influences on, Hg methylation, physiological and meta-omic analyses were performed. METHODS: Intact sediment cores from two methylating sites (NOAA, upstream; New Horizon, downstream) and a background site were collected and used to construct sediment microcosms from different depths with 6 different carbon/electron sources. All microcosms were spiked with Hg stable isotope tracers to enable quantification of both Hg methylation and MeHg demethylation and incubated under anaerobic conditions in the dark for 48 hours at room temperature. DNA from the original core material and incubations were hybridized to functional gene arrays and sequenced via 454 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. RESULTS: Functional gene array results revealed a greater relative abundance of Hg(II)-reduction genes at NOAA while actual methylation was higher downstream at New Horizon. Each of the latter two sites displayed approximately 15X more methylation than the background site. Upstream at NOAA, methylation was moderately stimulated by methanol and ethanol but not by acetate, lactate, propionate or cellobiose, while downstream at New Horizon cellobiose stimulated methylation relative to unamended controls. Meta-genomic, -transcriptomic, and -proteomic analyses as well as 454 pyrosequencing are currently underway. CONCLUSIONS: The multidisciplinary combination of the above approaches are being employed together for the first time in order to more comprehensively ascertain the influence of geochemistry on the microorganisms, genes, and gene products that are differentially present, abundant and expressed in active MeHg generating ecosystems. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Moberly, James G AU - Miller, Carrie L AU - Hurt, Richard A, Jr AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Brandt, Craig C AU - Podar, Mircea AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Elias, Dwayne A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2120 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - organo-metallics KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - nucleic acids KW - methylmercury KW - metals KW - sediments KW - DNA KW - ecology KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524612086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=GOLIATH%3B+a+systems+biology%2C+geochemical+and+physiological+approach+to+discern+microbial+transformations+of+mercury+and+methylmercury&rft.au=Moberly%2C+James+G%3BMiller%2C+Carrie+L%3BHurt%2C+Richard+A%2C+Jr%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BBrandt%2C+Craig+C%3BPodar%2C+Mircea%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BElias%2C+Dwayne+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moberly&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/2045.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; DNA; ecology; experimental studies; geochemistry; ground water; laboratory studies; mercury; metals; methylmercury; microorganisms; nucleic acids; organo-metallics; pollutants; pollution; sediments; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ionization of H (sub 2) O; saturated CO (sub 2) at PT conditions relevant to CCS AN - 1507177268; 2014-017462 AB - Recent studies have shown that mineral carbonation reactions proceed rapidly in the presence of CO (sub 2) -rich ("supercritical") H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) fluids at temperatures and pressures relevant to Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). These earlier studies suggest that reactions are occurring on the mineral surface (or in a thin film of aqueous fluid), rather than as dissolution-precipitation mediated by the bulk fluid, as is the case in aqueous geochemistry. This has important implications for CCS in saline aquifers, as the CO (sub 2) -rich phase is positively buoyant with respect to existing brine and will be the fluid in contact with cap rock. Reactions between the CO (sub 2) -rich phase and the cap rock can enhance storage security (if carbonate minerals form) or degrade security (if the fluid corrodes the cap rock). It is well known that in aqueous solutions, H (sub 2) O and CO (sub 2) react to form H (sub 2) CO (sub 3) which ionizes and promotes dissolution-precipitation reactions. If significant ionization occurs in CO (sub 2) -rich fluids under geologically relevant conditions, understanding reactions between H (sub 2) O-saturated CO (sub 2) and mineral phases present in the aquifer will be important when assessing risk associated with CCS. When ionization occurs in a fluid, such as due to dissociation of H (sub 2) CO (sub 3) , it allows the fluid to conduct electricity. The conductivity of the fluid is related to the concentration of ions, their charge, solvation, and the physical properties of the fluid. In this study we measure the conductivity of H (sub 2) O-saturated CO (sub 2) solutions from 25 to 200 degrees C and 7.39 to 20 MPa using a flow-through conductivity cell. Flow conductivity experiments reduce error associated with sorption to the walls of the cell and accumulation of impurities. Combined with a low cell constant (0.03/cm) we are able to detect conductivity on the order of pS to nS/cm. In this study we show that conductivity of H (sub 2) O-saturated CO (sub 2) does not exceed 3nS/cm from 25-200 degrees C and 7.39 to 20MPa. These conductivity values are comparable to "dry" CO (sub 2) (< 3ppmw H (sub 2) O ), and indicate that little or no ionization is occurring. In addition, we show that there is no detectable relationship between H (sub 2) O content and conductivity from < 1ppmw H (sub 2) O to saturation. We conclude that at these conditions "wet" CO (sub 2) has no significant ability to ionize. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Capobianco, Ryan M AU - Gruszkiewicz, Miroslaw S AU - Bodnar, Robert J AU - Rimstidt, J Donald AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1543 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - water KW - carbon sequestration KW - pressure KW - aqueous solutions KW - ions KW - hydrochemistry KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - chemical reactions KW - geochemistry KW - P-T conditions KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1507177268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Ionization+of+H+%28sub+2%29+O%3B+saturated+CO+%28sub+2%29+at+PT+conditions+relevant+to+CCS&rft.au=Capobianco%2C+Ryan+M%3BGruszkiewicz%2C+Miroslaw+S%3BBodnar%2C+Robert+J%3BRimstidt%2C+J+Donald%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Capobianco&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1543&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1534.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; aquifers; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical reactions; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; ions; P-T conditions; pressure; temperature; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogeochemistry of mercury in contaminated sediments of East Fork Poplar Creek AN - 1492585477; 2014-005304 AB - Mercury use at the Oak Ridge Y-12 National Security Complex (Y-12 NSC) between 1950 - 1963 resulted in contamination of the East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC) ecosystem. Hg continues to be released from point sources and diffuse contaminated soil and groundwater sources within the Y-12 NSC and outside the facility boundary. In general, methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in water and in fish have not declined in response to improvements in water quality and exhibit trends of increasing concentration in some cases. Therefore, our study focuses on identifying ecosystem compartments and/or characteristics that favor the production, as well as degradation, of MeHg in EFPC. Detailed geochemical characterization of the surface water, interstitial pore water, and creek sediments were performed during quarterly sampling campaigns in 2010 and 2011 at two locations. One site is 3.7 km (NOAA) and the other 20 km (NH) downstream of the headwaters and source of the point discharges. Vertical profiles of interstitial pore water collected from fine-grained deposits at the creek margin showed decreases in nitrate, sulfate, and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) with depth as well as increases in dissolved manganese, iron, and small increases in sulfide. The results indicate the progression of terminal electron accepting processes with depth in the upper 30 cm of these fine grained sediments. Dissolved (passing 0.2 mu m pore) MeHg concentration was positively correlated with depth suggesting these areas served as a source of MeHg. MeHg in the surface water is associated with phases small enough to pass a 3 kiloDalton filter. In contrast, interstitial water collected from the cobbly center channel of the creek did not exhibit these redox gradients. The observed constant or decreasing MeHg concentrations with depth suggest that the interstitial water in the fast flowing sections of the creek is rapidly exchanging with the surface water and these sections do not serve as MeHg sources. Total Hg concentration in sediment cores from the creek margin was variable, 0.057-24 mg/kg and 0.02-155 mg/kg, at NH and NOAA respectively. MeHg measured on a subset of these sectioned cores ranged from 0.71-17.5 mu g/kg at NH and 1.08-46.7 mu g/kg at NOAA. Large intra- and inter-site variability of Hg distribution in these samples is partly attributed to the very heterogeneous sediment texture that ranged from coarse- to fine-grained. Methylation potential, measured using enriched stable isotopes of Hg on intact sediment cores, was significantly correlated with ambient MeHg concentration at both sites. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Kocman, David AU - Miller, Carrie AU - Yin, Xiangping AU - Riscassi, Ami AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1518 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hydrology KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Poplar Creek KW - ecosystems KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - metals KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - discharge KW - geochemistry KW - pore water KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492585477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Biogeochemistry+of+mercury+in+contaminated+sediments+of+East+Fork+Poplar+Creek&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Scott+C%3BKocman%2C+David%3BMiller%2C+Carrie%3BYin%2C+Xiangping%3BRiscassi%2C+Ami%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1518&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/files/Goldschmidt2012_Conference_Abstracts_B.pdf http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anderson County Tennessee; biochemistry; discharge; ecosystems; geochemistry; hydrology; mercury; metals; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; Poplar Creek; pore water; Roane County Tennessee; sediments; stream sediments; surface water; Tennessee; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tc(IV) complexation with organic ligands; an overview AN - 1477832384; 2014-003530 AB - 99Tc represents a significant environmental contaminant because of its long half-life of 2.1 x 10 (super 5) y, complex chemistry, and potential high mobility. Although the anionic and highly mobile Tc(VII) is stable under oxic environments, it can be reduced to the sparingly soluble Tc(IV) and reductive precipitation of Tc has been proposed as one of the promising remedial approaches to impede Tc migration offsite. However, at environmentally relevant pH Tc(IV) forms cationic and neutral species, which can complex to soluble organic ligands and induce Tc(IV) solubilization. It is therefore necessary to assess Tc(IV) complexation with relevant organic ligands, including ligands commonly found in nuclear wastes (e.g. EDTA) and those ubiquitous in the environment (e.g. humic acids). The stability constants of Tc(IV) with acetate, citrate, EDTA, and a variety of humic acids were experimentally determined using a solvent extraction method; a summary of these stability constants is presented in Table 1. Additionally, the influence of selected organic ligands (EDTA and humic acids) on Tc(IV) solubity was experimentally measured [6]. The addition of 2.5 mM EDTA leads to an increase of Tc(IV) solubility by over two folds, reaching a Tc(IV) concentration of 4 x 10 (super -7) M at pH 6, in good agreement with modeling calculations performed based on the EDTA stability constants, which predicts a Tc(IV) solubility of 4.6 x 10 (super -7) M in the presence of the same EDTA concentration and at same pH. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Wall, Nathalie A AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2506 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - technetium KW - isotopes KW - oxidation KW - complexing KW - Tc-99 KW - organic compounds KW - ligands KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477832384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Tc%28IV%29+complexation+with+organic+ligands%3B+an+overview&rft.au=Wall%2C+Nathalie+A%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wall&rft.aufirst=Nathalie&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2506&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/files/Goldschmidt2012_Conference_Abstracts_W.pdf http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical composition; chemical reactions; complexing; geochemistry; isotopes; ligands; metals; organic compounds; oxidation; pH; radioactive isotopes; Tc-99; technetium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does anisotropy in fracture clustering translate into anisotropy in intrinsic permeability? AN - 1438972895; 2013-076781 AB - Lacunarity is a parameter that can quantify the clustering of spatial patterns. Two of the authors have previously used it to differentiate between a set of 7 nested natural fracture maps with the same fractal dimension, but different visual appearances. In the present study, we investigate the use of lacunarity for determining if differences in clustering of fractures along the NS and EW directions of the same maps control the differences in steady-state 2-dimensional Darcy flow along those directions. Directional lacunarity was found by computing the average lacunarity values of scanlines laid every 10 pixels in these respective directions. PFLOTRAN, an open-source, massively parallel simulator for reactive flows in geologic porous media, was used to compute steady-state Darcy flows. Structured computational grids were constructed from rasterized fracture maps. Each pixel of a map was considered a cell which was assigned porosity and permeability values based on whether it represented a fracture or matrix such that a 1042 X 1042 pixel map was modeled as a domain comprising 1042 X 1042 X 1 cells. In order to determine the effective intrinsic permeability in the EW direction, a pressure gradient was set up in that direction, while the NS edges were considered no-flow boundaries. The flow system was then rotated to give the NS values. The simulations were run using 120 processor cores on Jaguar, a Cray XT5 system housed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The results from these flow simulations and lacunarity analyses indicate a relationship between anisotropy in clustering of fractures in a network and anisotropy in the intrinsic permeability values. JF - Abstracts: Annual Meeting - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Roy, Ankur AU - Perfect, Edmund AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Mills, Richard T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - unpaginated PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society for Sedimentary Geology, Tulsa, OK VL - 2012 KW - fractured materials KW - imagery KW - spatial data KW - Darcy's law KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - two-dimensional models KW - cluster analysis KW - computer programs KW - fractures KW - reservoir properties KW - permeability KW - anisotropy KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1438972895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Does+anisotropy+in+fracture+clustering+translate+into+anisotropy+in+intrinsic+permeability%3F&rft.au=Roy%2C+Ankur%3BPerfect%2C+Edmund%3BKumar%2C+Jitendra%3BMills%2C+Richard+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=Ankur&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/abstracts/html/2012/90142ace/abstracts/roy.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 AAPG annual convention & exhibition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-03 N1 - CODEN - #06983 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; cluster analysis; computer programs; Darcy's law; data processing; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; fractures; imagery; permeability; porosity; reservoir properties; simulation; spatial data; statistical analysis; two-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The reduction and surface complexation of mercury by Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA AN - 1420502892; 2013-063031 AB - Understanding the biogeochemical processes that control mercury (Hg) redox transformations is necessary to predict Hg availability for microbial methylation, its fate and transport in the environment. Previous studies have shown that a wide variety of microorganisms are capable of reducing the mercuric Hg(II) to elemental Hg(0) under anaerobic conditions, but others have indicated an inverse correlation between microbial biomass and Hg(0) production. In this study, we systematically examined the reduction kinetics and surface interactions between Hg(II) and washed cells of G. sulfurreducens, as influenced by the growth stage of cells, cell density, the presence or absence of various complexing ligands, including glutathione and naturally dissolved organic matter (DOM). We found that Hg(II) can be rapidly reduced to Hg(0) upon contact with washed cells, but reduction rates and extent are influenced by the growth stage, cell density and Hg(II)/cell ratio. The initial reduction rates can generally be described by a pseudo-first order kinetics with half-lives on the order of minutes to less than 2 hr. An optimal reduction of Hg(II) at a fixed concentration of 50 nM was observed at a cell density of approximately 10 (super 11) L (super -1) ; an increase in cell density inhibited the reduction of Hg(II) due to surface adsorption and complexation of Hg(II) on bacterial cells. Similarly, the presence of complexing organic ligands inhibited the Hg(II) reduction at varying degrees, with glutathione among the most effective in inhibiting Hg(II) reduction and surface complexation by Geobacter cells. Our findings explain some previously observed inconsistencies with respect to the roles of microorganisms in Hg(II) reduction and may have important implications to the availability and bioaccumulation of Hg in the aquatic food web. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Hu, Haiyan AU - Zheng, Wang AU - Schaefer, J AU - Feng, Xinbin AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Elias, Dwayne AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1865 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - biomass KW - biochemistry KW - bioremediation KW - Geobacter sulfurreducens KW - remediation KW - mitigation KW - metals KW - anaerobic environment KW - ecology KW - Eh KW - productivity KW - microorganisms KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1420502892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+reduction+and+surface+complexation+of+mercury+by+Geobacter+sulfurreducens+PCA&rft.au=Hu%2C+Haiyan%3BZheng%2C+Wang%3BSchaefer%2C+J%3BFeng%2C+Xinbin%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BElias%2C+Dwayne%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Haiyan&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1865&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1794.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-17 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; biochemistry; biomass; bioremediation; ecology; Eh; Geobacter sulfurreducens; mercury; metals; microorganisms; mitigation; productivity; remediation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accessibility of pores in gas shale to methane, water, and brine AN - 1371766261; 2013-051548 AB - Shale gas is an increasingly important source of natural gas with the advent of innovative hydrofracturing and horizontal drilling techniques, yet fundamental questions remain about how and where methane is stored in shale reservoirs. TEM, SEM, and other instruments can be used to image size ranges and connectivity of pores in shale, but samples must be dry, and in situ shales are commonly brine-wet. In a pilot study of the accessibility of methane in wet shale, we have studied the penetrability of methane, water, and brine solution into Mississippian Barnett Shale samples using small-angle neutron scattering diffractometers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, that, combined, can determine pore size distribution over the range 1-10,000 nm. The fraction of pores that were inaccessible to water, brine, and methane was determined using a zero contrast technique. Results show that most of the pores are accessible to both methane and water over a wide size range (10 mu m-10 nm) and that water appears to access more of the <30 nm pores than methane. Most of the pores are associated with a material with a scattering length density of about 3.7-3.8 X 10-6 Aa-2 which is consistent with the pores being located in illite or hydrogen-poor organic material, most likely inertinite. Examination of the samples with high resolution SEM shows that the pores almost exclusively occur in organic material. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Ruppert, Leslie F AU - Sakurov, Richard AU - Blach, Tomasz P AU - Mildner, David F R AU - He, Lilin AU - Melinichenko, Yuri B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 2679 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 34 KW - United States KW - Mississippian KW - petroleum engineering KW - natural gas KW - Barnett Shale KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - petroleum KW - reservoir rocks KW - sedimentary rocks KW - small-angle neutron scattering diffractometry KW - accessibility KW - water KW - high-resolution methods KW - methane KW - shale KW - Paleozoic KW - connectivity KW - Carboniferous KW - Texas KW - gas shale KW - alkanes KW - wet samples KW - TEM data KW - samples KW - porosity KW - size KW - organic compounds KW - brines KW - hydrocarbons KW - clastic rocks KW - SEM data KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - image analysis KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1371766261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Accessibility+of+pores+in+gas+shale+to+methane%2C+water%2C+and+brine&rft.au=Ruppert%2C+Leslie+F%3BSakurov%2C+Richard%3BBlach%2C+Tomasz+P%3BMildner%2C+David+F+R%3BHe%2C+Lilin%3BMelinichenko%2C+Yuri+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ruppert&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 34th international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-27 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accessibility; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Barnett Shale; brines; Carboniferous; clastic rocks; connectivity; gas shale; high-resolution methods; hydrocarbons; image analysis; methane; Mississippian; natural gas; organic compounds; Paleozoic; permeability; petroleum; petroleum engineering; pore water; porosity; reservoir rocks; samples; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; shale; size; small-angle neutron scattering diffractometry; TEM data; Texas; United States; water; wet samples ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanometer to centimeter scale porosity in geologic CO (sub 2) storage formations and caprocks AN - 1356359802; 2013-043832 AB - Porosity and permeability are the key variables that link the thermal, hydrological, geochemical and geomechanical processes that redistribute mass and energy in response to injection of CO (sub 2) into the subsurface. The size, shape, distribution and connectivity of rock pores dictate how fluids migrate into and through these micro- and nanoenvironments, wet and react with the solid. The overarching goal of this effort is to characterize the nano- to macropore features, quantify sorption of CO (sub 2) and CO (sub 2) -brine, and determine how pores evolve in reacted systems at temperature-pressure-composition conditions relevant to CO (sub 2) injection. Representative caprocks and reservoir rocks associated with CO (sub 2) injection activities (e.g. shallow buried quartz arenites from the St. Peter Sandstone and the deeper Mt. Simon quartz arenite in Ohio as well as the Eau Claire shale, Ohio and mudrocks from the Cranfield MS CO (sub 2) injection test) are being interrogated with an array of complementary methods - e.g. SEM, TEM, neutron scattering, X-ray CT, neutron tomography as well as conventional petrophysics. (Ultra)small-angle neutron scattering and autocorrelations derived from BSE imaging provide a powerful method of quantifying pore structures in a statistically significant manner from the nanometer to the centimeter scale. Results will be described comparing shale and mudrocks that indicate there are significant variations not only in terms of total nano- to micro-porosity and pore interconnectivity, but also in terms of pore surface fractal (roughness) and mass fractal (pore distributions) dimensions as well as size distributions. New data on sandstones suggest that nano- and microporosity are more prevalent in nominally coarse-grained lithologies and may play a more important role than previously thought in fluid/rock interactions. Information from imaging and scattering are being used to constrain computer-generated, random, three-dimensional porous structures. The results integrate various sources of experimental information and are statistically compatible with the real rock. These computerized porous matrices will then be used in CO (sub 2) sorption MD simulations. JF - Abstracts: Annual Meeting - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Cole, David R AU - Anovitz, Lawrence AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Vlcek, Lukas AU - Sheets, Julie AU - Welch, Sue AU - Murphy, Michael AU - Daniels, Jeffrey AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 EP - unpaginated PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society for Sedimentary Geology, Tulsa, OK VL - 2012 KW - sorption KW - engineering properties KW - site exploration KW - gas storage KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - fluid injection KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - autocorrelation KW - experimental studies KW - sealing KW - carbon sequestration KW - pressure KW - three-dimensional models KW - shale KW - grain size KW - statistical analysis KW - connectivity KW - porosity KW - physical properties KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1356359802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Nanometer+to+centimeter+scale+porosity+in+geologic+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+formations+and+caprocks&rft.au=Cole%2C+David+R%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BVlcek%2C+Lukas%3BSheets%2C+Julie%3BWelch%2C+Sue%3BMurphy%2C+Michael%3BDaniels%2C+Jeffrey%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=2012&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/abstracts/html/2012/90142ace/abstracts/cole.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 AAPG annual convention and exhibition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-30 N1 - CODEN - #06983 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - autocorrelation; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; connectivity; engineering properties; experimental studies; fluid injection; gas storage; grain size; laboratory studies; permeability; physical properties; porosity; pressure; reservoir rocks; sealing; sedimentary rocks; shale; site exploration; sorption; statistical analysis; temperature; three-dimensional models; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the bioconversion of genetically modified switchgrass using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation and a consolidated bioprocessing approach AN - 1328515257; 17401156 AB - Background: The inherent recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass is one of the major economic hurdles for the production of fuels and chemicals from biomass. Additionally, lignin is recognized as having a negative impact on enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass, and as a result much interest has been placed on modifying the lignin pathway to improve bioconversion of lignocellulosic feedstocks. Results: Down-regulation of the caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene in the lignin pathway yielded switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) that was more susceptible to bioconversion after dilute acid pretreatment. Here we examined the response of these plant lines to milder pretreatment conditions with yeast-based simultaneous saccharification and fermentation and a consolidated bioprocessing approach using Clostridium thermocellum, Caldicellulosiruptor bescii and Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis. Unlike the S. cerevisiae SSF conversions, fermentations of pretreated transgenic switchgrass with C. thermocellum showed an apparent inhibition of fermentation not observed in the wild-type switchgrass. This inhibition can be eliminated by hot water extraction of the pretreated biomass, which resulted in superior conversion yield with transgenic versus wild-type switchgrass for C. thermocellum, exceeding the yeast-based SSF yield. Further fermentation evaluation of the transgenic switchgrass indicated differential inhibition for the Caldicellulosiruptor sp. strains, which could not be rectified by additional processing conditions. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolite profiling was used to examine the fermentation broth to elucidate the relative abundance of lignin derived aromatic compounds. The types and abundance of fermentation-derived-lignin constituents varied between C. thermocellum and each of the Caldicellulosiruptor sp. strains. Conclusions: The down-regulation of the COMT gene improves the bioconversion of switchgrass relative to the wild-type regardless of the pretreatment condition or fermentation microorganism. However, bacterial fermentations demonstrated strain-dependent sensitivity to the COMT transgenic biomass, likely due to additional soluble lignin pathway-derived constituents resulting from the COMT gene disruption. Removal of these inhibitory constituents permitted completion of fermentation by C. thermocellum, but not by the Caldicellulosiruptor sp. strains. The reason for this difference in performance is currently unknown. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Yee, Kelsey L AU - Rodriguez, Miguel Jr AU - Tschaplinski, Timothy J AU - Engle, Nancy L AU - Martin, Madhavi Z AU - Fu, Chunxiang AU - Wang, Zeng-Yu AU - Hamilton-Brehm, Scott D AU - Mielenz, Jonathan R AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6226, USA Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 81 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Transgenic KW - Switchgrass KW - Fermentation KW - Consolidated bioprocessing KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - Clostridium thermocellum KW - Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis KW - Caldicellulosiruptor bescii KW - Chemicals KW - Fuel technology KW - Fuels KW - Abundance KW - Metabolites KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Gas chromatography KW - Economics KW - bioconversion KW - Caldicellulosiruptor KW - Panicum virgatum KW - Gene disruption KW - Biomass KW - Hydrolysis KW - Caffeic acid KW - Spectrometry KW - Lignin KW - Microorganisms KW - Biotechnology KW - Biofuels KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328515257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+bioconversion+of+genetically+modified+switchgrass+using+simultaneous+saccharification+and+fermentation+and+a+consolidated+bioprocessing+approach&rft.au=Yee%2C+Kelsey+L%3BRodriguez%2C+Miguel+Jr%3BTschaplinski%2C+Timothy+J%3BEngle%2C+Nancy+L%3BMartin%2C+Madhavi+Z%3BFu%2C+Chunxiang%3BWang%2C+Zeng-Yu%3BHamilton-Brehm%2C+Scott+D%3BMielenz%2C+Jonathan+R&rft.aulast=Yee&rft.aufirst=Kelsey&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-5-81 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/5/1/81 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene disruption; Fermentation; Fuels; Abundance; Metabolites; Biomass; Hydrolysis; Mass spectroscopy; Caffeic acid; Aromatic compounds; Gas chromatography; Lignin; bioconversion; Economics; Microorganisms; Biofuels; Chemicals; Fuel technology; Biotechnology; Spectrometry; Panicum virgatum; Caldicellulosiruptor; Clostridium thermocellum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-5-81 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clostridium thermocellum ATCC27405 transcriptomic, metabolomic and proteomic profiles after ethanol stress AN - 1328510418; 17390692 AB - Background: Clostridium thermocellum is a candidate consolidated bioprocessing biocatalyst, which is a microorganism that expresses enzymes for both cellulose hydrolysis and its fermentation to produce fuels such as lignocellulosic ethanol. However, C. thermocellum is relatively sensitive to ethanol compared to ethanologenic microorganisms such as yeast and Zymomonas mobilis that are used in industrial fermentations but do not possess native enzymes for industrial cellulose hydrolysis. Results: In this study, C. thermocellum was grown to mid-exponential phase and then treated with ethanol to a final concentration of 3.9 g/L to investigate its physiological and regulatory responses to ethanol stress. Samples were taken pre-shock and 2, 12, 30, 60, 120, and 240 min post-shock, and from untreated control fermentations for systems biology analyses. Cell growth was arrested by ethanol supplementation with intracellular accumulation of carbon sources such as cellobiose, and sugar phosphates, including fructose-6-phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate. The largest response of C. thermocellum to ethanol shock treatment was in genes and proteins related to nitrogen uptake and metabolism, which is likely important for redirecting the cells physiology to overcome inhibition and allow growth to resume. Conclusion: This study suggests possible avenues for metabolic engineering and provides comprehensive, integrated systems biology datasets that will be useful for future metabolic modeling and strain development endeavors. JF - BMC Genomics AU - Yang, Shihui AU - Giannone, Richard J AU - Dice, Lezlee AU - Yang, Zamin K AU - Engle, Nancy L AU - Tschaplinski, Timothy J AU - Hettich, Robert L AU - Brown, Steven D AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 336 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB United Kingdom VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 1471-2164, 1471-2164 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts KW - Sugar KW - cellobiose KW - Fermentation KW - biocatalysts KW - Fuels KW - Cellulose KW - metabolic engineering KW - Stress KW - Enzymes KW - Glucose-6-phosphate KW - Carbon sources KW - Clostridium thermocellum KW - Hydrolysis KW - Zymomonas mobilis KW - Supplementation KW - Shock KW - Phosphate KW - Microorganisms KW - Fructose-6-phosphate KW - proteomics KW - metabolomics KW - Ethanol KW - Nitrogen KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - G 07780:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328510418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Genomics&rft.atitle=Clostridium+thermocellum+ATCC27405+transcriptomic%2C+metabolomic+and+proteomic+profiles+after+ethanol+stress&rft.au=Yang%2C+Shihui%3BGiannone%2C+Richard+J%3BDice%2C+Lezlee%3BYang%2C+Zamin+K%3BEngle%2C+Nancy+L%3BTschaplinski%2C+Timothy+J%3BHettich%2C+Robert+L%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Shihui&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=336&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Genomics&rft.issn=14712164&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2164-13-336 L2 - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/13/336 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; cellobiose; Fermentation; Fuels; biocatalysts; Cellulose; Glucose-6-phosphate; Enzymes; Stress; metabolic engineering; Carbon sources; Hydrolysis; Supplementation; Phosphate; Shock; Microorganisms; Fructose-6-phosphate; proteomics; metabolomics; Nitrogen; Ethanol; Clostridium thermocellum; Zymomonas mobilis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-13-336 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for Detector Placement and Analysis of Criticality Accident Alarm Systems AN - 1283709597; 17431961 AB - Determining the optimum placement to minimize the number of detectors for a criticality accident alarm system (CAAS) in a large manufacturing facility is a complex problem. There is typically a target for the number of detectors that can be used over a given zone of the facility. A study to optimize detector placement typically begins with some initial guess at the placement of the detectors and is followed by either predictive calculations of accidents at specific locations or adjoint calculations based on preferred detector locations. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Peplow, Douglas E AU - Wetzel, Larry L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6170, peplowde@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 497 EP - 500 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 106 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Manufacturing industry KW - Accidents KW - Alarm systems KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1283709597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Methods+for+Detector+Placement+and+Analysis+of+Criticality+Accident+Alarm+Systems&rft.au=Peplow%2C+Douglas+E%3BWetzel%2C+Larry+L&rft.aulast=Peplow&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=&rft.spage=497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Manufacturing industry; Accidents; Alarm systems ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of Energy Use by Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Validating Gamma Distribution for Representing Random Daily Driving Distance AN - 1283651945; 17526099 AB - The fuel and electricity consumptions of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are sensitive to the variation of daily vehicle miles traveled (DVMT). Although some researchers have assumed that DVMT follows a gamma distribution, such an assumption has yet to be validated. On the basis of continuous travel data from the Global Positioning System for 382 vehicles, each tracked for at least 183 days, the authors of this study validated the gamma assumption in the context of PHEV energy analysis. Small prediction errors caused by the gamma assumption were found in PHEV fuel use, electricity use, and energy cost Validating the reliability of the gamma distribution paves the way for its application in energy use analysis of PHEVs in the real world. The gamma distribution can be easily specified with few pieces of driver information and is relatively easy for mathematical manipulation. Validation with real world travel data enables confident use of the gamma distribution in a variety of applications, such as the development of vehicle consumer choice models, the quantification of range anxiety for battery electric vehicles, the investigation of the role of charging infrastructure, and the construction of online calculators that provide personal estimates of PHEV energy use. JF - Transportation Research Record AU - Lin, Zhenhong AU - Dong, Jing AU - Liu, Changzheng AU - Greene, David AD - National Transportation Research Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2360 Cherahala Boulevard, Knoxville, TN 37932 linz@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 37 EP - 43 PB - Transportation Research Board IS - 2287 SN - 0361-1981, 0361-1981 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Battery UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1283651945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+Energy+Use+by+Plug-In+Hybrid+Electric+Vehicles+Validating+Gamma+Distribution+for+Representing+Random+Daily+Driving+Distance&rft.au=Lin%2C+Zhenhong%3BDong%2C+Jing%3BLiu%2C+Changzheng%3BGreene%2C+David&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Zhenhong&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=2287&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.issn=03611981&rft_id=info:doi/10.3141%2F2287-05 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-12 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2287-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aggregate Freight Generation Modeling Assessing Temporal Effect of Economic Activity on Freight Volumes with Two-Period Cross-Sectional Data AN - 1272735447; 17566234 AB - The most comprehensive publicly available freight databases are the Commodity Flow Survey and FHWA's Freight Analysis Framework. These two sources contain the dollar value and weight of freight movements at high geographic levels, such as states or metropolitan areas. Because of the difficulty of obtaining freight data at lower geographic levels, various practitioners and researchers have suggested estimating freight models on the basis of aggregate data. Following recent practice, a methodology is presented to estimate a nationwide production and attraction model for U.S. domestic trade of goods. To this end, a Commodity Flow Survey data set provided by the U.S. Census Bureau and composed of a 2-nonconsecutive-year period (2002 and 2007) of goods movement between U.S. states for 27 industry sectors was used. The state payroll by industry sector, obtained from the County Business Patterns of the U.S. census, was the variable used to estimate freight generation models. The main objective of this study was to analyze the temporal stability and predictability of the proposed aggregate models. The results indicate that payroll alone explains a significant portion of the freight production and attraction at the state level. However, such simplification in the model process did not result in reasonable predictions of freight for a future-year horizon. It is recommended that time-dependent factors (e.g., variables related to changes in industry productivity) affecting freight demand be considered in the modeling process. JF - Transportation Research Record AU - Oliveira-Neto, Francisco Moraes AU - Chin, Shih Miao AU - Hwang, Ho-Ling AD - 2360 Cherahala Boulevard, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville, TN 37932, oliveiranefm@oml.gov Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 145 EP - 154 PB - Transportation Research Board IS - 2285 SN - 0361-1981, 0361-1981 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Transportation KW - Economics KW - Census KW - Metropolitan areas KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1272735447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.atitle=Aggregate+Freight+Generation+Modeling+Assessing+Temporal+Effect+of+Economic+Activity+on+Freight+Volumes+with+Two-Period+Cross-Sectional+Data&rft.au=Oliveira-Neto%2C+Francisco+Moraes%3BChin%2C+Shih+Miao%3BHwang%2C+Ho-Ling&rft.aulast=Oliveira-Neto&rft.aufirst=Francisco&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=2285&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.issn=03611981&rft_id=info:doi/10.3141%2F2285-17 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Transportation; Economics; Census; Metropolitan areas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2285-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of transport pathway and geographical source location of light absorbing species and co-pollutants AN - 1270179569; 664658-35 AB - Ground observations of light absorption and aerosol-borne species are analyzed and digested in a hybrid receptor-modelling framework called the Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) (super 1) . The analytic method establishes the relevant events based on observations using a number of time-series techniques to separate various frequency components; then the PSCF algorithm computes the probability of the overloading probability of identifiable polluting events for each grid cell in the modeling domain. The calculated probability is then an indication of a grid cell being an emission source of a particular pollutant under investigation. Multiple pollutants and or co-pollutants are used in the combined/joint probability analysis to enhance the identification power. We have analyzed the assembled time-series observations made at Barrow, Alaska for the past 15 years. Similar to many previous data taken at other site such as Alert, NWT, periodic pattern of light absorption, CNC, and other ground aerosol species concentrations were observed. Many data from Barrow are ran off by low-frequency component in the time-series analysis. For those detectable, the correlation between light absorption and black carbon measurements were analyzed to show that there are other light absorption components existing in the Arctic particles. Backward trajectories segregated by season show different transport pathways to the two receptor sites suggesting alternative control strategies. Ongoing PSCF modeling will identify the geographical locations of various pollutants modeled and show the uncertainty of the identification, which will be presented in the conference. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Cheng, Meng-Dawn AU - Storey, John M E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - areal geology KW - 13:Areal geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1270179569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Identification+of+transport+pathway+and+geographical+source+location+of+light+absorbing+species+and+co-pollutants&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Meng-Dawn%3BStorey%2C+John+M+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Meng-Dawn&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1534.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - areal geology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO (sub 2) rich environments under silica confinement AN - 1270168933; 664658-42 AB - A potential approach toward the mitigation of the greenhouse effects of CO (sub 2) release into the atmosphere is based on its geological capture and sequestration, a process that relies on the low hydraulic permeability of caprocks resulting from fluid-substrate interfacial and confinement behavior. Current studies have mainly focused on the interactions of either water-rich CO (sub 2) or pure CO (sub 2) environments with representative caprock substrates, and the concomitant modeling is based on that assumption, i.e., the impact of the CO (sub 2) -contaminants has rarely been addressed. In fact, due to its source, CO (sub 2) always carries small quantities of "contaminants" including SO (sub 2) , N (sub 2) , NO (sub x) whose impact in terms of fluid-rock interactions must be considered. Obviously, the presence of SO (sub 2) inaqueous solution may trigger the formation of sulfurous/sulfuric acids, whose immediate consequence is the increase in acidity and the potential for dissolution/precipitation of secondary mineral phases that results in significant changes in substrate porosity and permeability. Unfortunately, thermophysical properties for these mixtures at reservoir conditions are scarce or nonexistent, and our microscopic understanding of their interaction with caprock is extremely limited. For that reason, we carried out a molecular-based study of the behavior of CO (sub 2) -rich environments containing common contaminants when in contact with and under severe confinement of silica surfaces, to address fundamental issues, including (a) how the degree of surface hydrophobicity affects the interfacial structure and dynamics, (b) how the overlap of interfacial structures affects the confined fluid composition, and (c) how contaminants affect the preferential adsorption and composition of the interfacial fluid layers. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Chialvo, Ariel A AU - Vlcek, Lukas AU - Cole, David R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - areal geology KW - 13:Areal geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1270168933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=CO+%28sub+2%29+rich+environments+under+silica+confinement&rft.au=Chialvo%2C+Ariel+A%3BVlcek%2C+Lukas%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chialvo&rft.aufirst=Ariel&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/76/6/1534.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2012 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - areal geology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Down-regulation of the caffeic acid O-methyltransferase gene in switchgrass reveals a novel monolignol analog AN - 1268653081; 17488535 AB - Background: Down-regulation of the caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase EC 2.1.1.68 (COMT) gene in the lignin biosynthetic pathway of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) resulted in cell walls of transgenic plants releasing more constituent sugars after pretreatment by dilute acid and treatment with glycosyl hydrolases from an added enzyme preparation and from Clostridium thermocellum. Fermentation of both wild-type and transgenic switchgrass after milder hot water pretreatment with no water washing showed that only the transgenic switchgrass inhibited C. thermocellum. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS)-based metabolomics were undertaken on cell wall aqueous extracts to determine the nature of the microbial inhibitors. Results: GCMS confirmed the increased concentration of a number of phenolic acids and aldehydes that are known inhibitors of microbial fermentation. Metabolomic analyses of the transgenic biomass additionally revealed the presence of a novel monolignol-like metabolite, identified as trans-3, 4-dimethoxy-5-hydroxycinnamyl alcohol (iso-sinapyl alcohol) in both non-pretreated, as well as hot water pretreated samples. iso-Sinapyl alcohol and its glucoside were subsequently generated by organic synthesis and the identity of natural and synthetic materials were confirmed by mass spectrometric and NMR analyses. The additional novel presence of iso-sinapic acid, iso-sinapyl aldehyde, and iso-syringin suggest the increased activity of a para-methyltransferase, concomitant with the reduced COMT activity, a strict meta-methyltransferase. Quantum chemical calculations were used to predict the most likely homodimeric lignans generated from dehydration reactions, but these products were not evident in plant samples. Conclusions: Down-regulation of COMT activity in switchgrass resulted in the accumulation of previously undetected metabolites resembling sinapyl alcohol and its related metabolites, but that are derived from para-methylation of 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol, and related precursors and products; the accumulation of which suggests altered metabolism of 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol in switchgrass. Given that there was no indication that iso-sinapyl alcohol was integrated in cell walls, it is considered a monolignol analog. Diversion of substrates from sinapyl alcohol to free iso-sinapyl alcohol, its glucoside, and associated upstream lignin pathway changes, including increased phenolic aldehydes and acids, are together associated with more facile cell wall deconstruction, and to the observed inhibitory effect on microbial growth. However, iso-sinapyl alcohol and iso-sinapic acid, added separately to media, were not inhibitory to C. thermocellum cultures. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Tschaplinski, Timothy J AU - Standaert, Robert F AU - Engle, Nancy L AU - Martin, Madhavi Z AU - Sangha, Amandeep K AU - Parks, Jerry M AU - Smith, Jeremy C AU - Samuel, Reichel AU - Jiang, Nan AU - Pu, Yunqiao AU - Ragauskas, Arthur J AU - Hamilton, Choo Y AU - Fu, Chunxiang AU - Wang, Zeng-Yu AU - Davison, Brian H AU - Dixon, Richard A AU - Mielenz, Jonathan R AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6341, USA Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 71 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - trans-3 KW - 4-Dimethoxy-5-hydroxycinnamyl alcohol KW - iso-Sinapyl alcohol KW - Monolignol KW - Switchgrass KW - Bioenergy KW - Recalcitrance KW - Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase KW - Transgenic KW - Fuel technology KW - Fermentation KW - sinapyl alcohol KW - Metabolites KW - Cell culture KW - glucosides KW - Transgenic plants KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - alcohols KW - Upstream KW - Glycosyl hydrolase KW - N.M.R. KW - caffeic acid O-methyltransferase KW - Panicum virgatum KW - Alcohol KW - Sugar KW - Enzymes KW - Clostridium thermocellum KW - Biomass KW - Caffeic acid KW - Spectrometry KW - Lignin KW - Aldehydes KW - Biotechnology KW - Biofuels KW - metabolomics KW - Cell walls KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1268653081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Down-regulation+of+the+caffeic+acid+O-methyltransferase+gene+in+switchgrass+reveals+a+novel+monolignol+analog&rft.au=Tschaplinski%2C+Timothy+J%3BStandaert%2C+Robert+F%3BEngle%2C+Nancy+L%3BMartin%2C+Madhavi+Z%3BSangha%2C+Amandeep+K%3BParks%2C+Jerry+M%3BSmith%2C+Jeremy+C%3BSamuel%2C+Reichel%3BJiang%2C+Nan%3BPu%2C+Yunqiao%3BRagauskas%2C+Arthur+J%3BHamilton%2C+Choo+Y%3BFu%2C+Chunxiang%3BWang%2C+Zeng-Yu%3BDavison%2C+Brian+H%3BDixon%2C+Richard+A%3BMielenz%2C+Jonathan+R&rft.aulast=Tschaplinski&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-5-71 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/5/1/71 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Fermentation; sinapyl alcohol; Enzymes; Cell culture; Metabolites; glucosides; Biomass; Caffeic acid; Mass spectroscopy; Transgenic plants; Lignin; alcohols; N.M.R.; Glycosyl hydrolase; Aldehydes; metabolomics; caffeic acid O-methyltransferase; Cell walls; Fuel technology; Alcohol; Upstream; Biofuels; Biotechnology; Spectrometry; Panicum virgatum; Clostridium thermocellum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-5-71 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MELCOR Sensitivity Study for a PWR Containment AN - 1257747956; 17431975 AB - This paper presents a sensitivity study on the calculated pressures and temperatures inside the containment of a large pressurized water reactor (PWR) after a loss of coolant accident (LOCA). The sensitivity parameters varied are: starting time of a second set of sprays and size and timing of a containment opening. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Carbajo, Juan J AD - Reactor and Nuclear Systems Division, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6167, carbajojj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 552 EP - 554 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 106 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Sensitivity KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Sprays KW - Temperature KW - Loss of coolant accidents KW - Containment KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1257747956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=MELCOR+Sensitivity+Study+for+a+PWR+Containment&rft.au=Carbajo%2C+Juan+J&rft.aulast=Carbajo&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=&rft.spage=552&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensitivity; Nuclear reactors; Sprays; Temperature; Loss of coolant accidents; Containment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contaminant source characterization in water distribution systems using binary signals AN - 1125234601; 17287263 AB - This paper presents a simulation--optimization-based method for identification of contamination source characteristics in a water distribution system using filtered data from threshold-based binary water quality signals. The effects of quality and quantity of the data on the accuracy of the source identification methodology are investigated. This study also addresses the issue of non-uniqueness in contaminant source identification under various data availability conditions. To establish the robustness and applicability of the methodology, numerous scenarios are investigated for a wide range of contamination incidents associated with two different networks. Results indicate that, even though use of lower resolution sensors lead to more non-unique solutions, the true source location is always included among these solutions. JF - Journal of Hydroinformatics AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Brill, E Downey AU - Mahinthakumar, G AU - Ranjithan, S Ranji AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, PO Box 2008, MS 6016, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, kumarj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 585 EP - 602 PB - IWA Publishing, Alliance House London SW1H 0QS United Kingdom VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1464-7141, 1464-7141 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Pollution detection KW - Contamination KW - Sensors KW - Water Quality KW - Water quality KW - Water supplies KW - Pollutants KW - Numerical simulations KW - Water Distribution Systems KW - Networks KW - Contaminants KW - Q2 09387:Navigation KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1125234601?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydroinformatics&rft.atitle=Contaminant+source+characterization+in+water+distribution+systems+using+binary+signals&rft.au=Kumar%2C+Jitendra%3BBrill%2C+E+Downey%3BMahinthakumar%2C+G%3BRanjithan%2C+S+Ranji&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Jitendra&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=585&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydroinformatics&rft.issn=14647141&rft_id=info:doi/10.2166%2Fhydro.2012.073 L2 - http://www.iwaponline.com/jh/014/jh0140585.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution detection; Sensors; Contamination; Water quality; Numerical simulations; Contaminants; Water supplies; Pollutants; Water Distribution Systems; Water Quality; Networks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2012.073 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the Deltaproteobacteria in contaminated and uncontaminated stream sediments and identification of potential mercury methylators AN - 1113223160; 17248600 AB - Microbial communities were examined in surface stream sediments at 5 contaminated sites and 1 control site near Oak Ridge, TN, USA, to identify bacteria that could be contributing to mercury (Hg) methylation. The phylogenetic composition of the sediment bacterial community was examined over 3 quarterly sampling periods (36 samples) using 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. Only 3064 sequences (0.85% of the total community) were identified as Deltaproteobacteria, the only group known to methylate Hg, using the Ribosomal Database Project classifier at the 99% confidence threshold. Constrained ordination techniques indicated statistically significant positive linear correlations between Desulfobulbus spp., Desulfonema spp. and Desulfobacca spp. and methyl-Hg concentrations at the Hg-contaminated sites. In contrast, the distribution of organisms related to Byssovorax spp. was significantly correlated to inorganic carbon, nitrate and uranium concentrations but not to Hg or methyl-Hg. Overall, the abundance and richness of Deltaproteobacteria sequences were higher in uncontaminated sediments, while the majority of the members present at the contaminated sites were either known potential metal-reducers/methylators or metal tolerant species. Given the abundance relative to other known Hg methylators and the association with methyl-Hg, Desulfobulbus spp. is considered a prime candidate for involvement in Hg methylation in these streams. JF - Aquatic Microbial Ecology AU - Mosher, Jennifer J AU - Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A AU - Elias, Dwayne A AU - Podar, Mircea AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Brandt, Craig C AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AD - Biosciences Division, and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA, palumboav@ornl.gov Y1 - 2012///0, PY - 2012 DA - 0, 2012 SP - 271 EP - 282 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 66 IS - 3 SN - 0948-3055, 0948-3055 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Deltaproteobacteria KW - Mercury KW - Methylmercury KW - Stream sediments KW - Desulfobulbus KW - Nitrate KW - Heavy metals KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Abundance KW - Statistical analysis KW - Relative abundance KW - Streams KW - Carbon KW - Uranium KW - Sampling KW - Inorganic carbon KW - Phylogenetics KW - Desulfonema KW - Phylogeny KW - Metals KW - Sediment pollution KW - Nitrates KW - Microbial activity KW - Sediments KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Databases KW - USA KW - Stream KW - Species diversity KW - Ordination KW - Methylation KW - rRNA 16S KW - Q1 08203:Taxonomy and morphology KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1113223160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Microbial+Ecology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+Deltaproteobacteria+in+contaminated+and+uncontaminated+stream+sediments+and+identification+of+potential+mercury+methylators&rft.au=Mosher%2C+Jennifer+J%3BVishnivetskaya%2C+Tatiana+A%3BElias%2C+Dwayne+A%3BPodar%2C+Mircea%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D%3BBrandt%2C+Craig+C%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V&rft.aulast=Mosher&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Microbial+Ecology&rft.issn=09483055&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fame01563 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Uranium; Nucleotide sequence; Stream; Species diversity; Mercury; Inorganic carbon; Phylogenetics; Phylogeny; Nitrate; Heavy metals; Abundance; Statistical analysis; Streams; Sediments; Databases; Carbon; Sampling; Ordination; rRNA 16S; Methylation; Metals; Nitrates; Relative abundance; Microbial activity; Desulfonema; Desulfobulbus; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ame01563 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiscale Bayesian fusion approach using geophysical and remote sensing data for characterizing Arctic tundra hydrogeochemical properties AN - 1080608640; 2012-084061 JF - International Conference on Permafrost (ICOP) Proceedings AU - Wainwright, H M AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Dafflon, B AU - Ulrich, C AU - Wu, Y AU - Gangodagamage, C AU - Rowland, J AU - Wilson, C AU - Tweedie, C AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 630 EP - 631 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 10, Volume 4 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - permafrost KW - laser methods KW - geophysical surveys KW - Bayesian analysis KW - tundra KW - Arctic region KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - Barrow Alaska KW - temperature KW - lidar methods KW - ice KW - surveys KW - ground ice KW - Alaska KW - active layer KW - frozen ground KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1080608640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+%28ICOP%29+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Multiscale+Bayesian+fusion+approach+using+geophysical+and+remote+sensing+data+for+characterizing+Arctic+tundra+hydrogeochemical+properties&rft.au=Wainwright%2C+H+M%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BWu%2C+Y%3BGangodagamage%2C+C%3BRowland%2C+J%3BWilson%2C+C%3BTweedie%2C+C%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wainwright&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=10%2C+Volume+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=630&rft.isbn=9785911280566&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+%28ICOP%29+Proceedings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipa.arcticportal.org/meetings/international-conferences.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Tenth international conference on Permafrost N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-27 N1 - CODEN - #00164 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; Alaska; Arctic region; Barrow Alaska; Bayesian analysis; frozen ground; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground ice; hydrology; ice; laser methods; lidar methods; permafrost; radar methods; soils; statistical analysis; surveys; temperature; tundra; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE Arctic); a new project focused on improved climate prediction AN - 1039340180; 2012-082062 JF - International Conference on Permafrost (ICOP) Proceedings AU - Hinzman, Larry D AU - Wilson, Cathy J AU - Rowland, Joel C AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Torn, Margaret S AU - Riley, William J AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Graham, David E AU - Liang, Liyuan AU - Norby, Richard J AU - Thornton, Peter E AU - Rogers, Alistair AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 213 EP - 214 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 10, Volume 4 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - Arctic region KW - prediction KW - thermal regime KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - ice KW - climate effects KW - Arctic Ocean KW - ground ice KW - active layer KW - frozen ground KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1039340180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+%28ICOP%29+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Next-Generation+Ecosystem+Experiment+%28NGEE+Arctic%29%3B+a+new+project+focused+on+improved+climate+prediction&rft.au=Hinzman%2C+Larry+D%3BWilson%2C+Cathy+J%3BRowland%2C+Joel+C%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S%3BRiley%2C+William+J%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BGraham%2C+David+E%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan%3BNorby%2C+Richard+J%3BThornton%2C+Peter+E%3BRogers%2C+Alistair%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hinzman&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=10%2C+Volume+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=9785911280505&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+%28ICOP%29+Proceedings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipa.arcticportal.org/meetings/international-conferences.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Tenth international conference on Permafrost N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-14 N1 - CODEN - #00164 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; Arctic Ocean; Arctic region; climate change; climate effects; degradation; frozen ground; ground ice; hydrology; ice; permafrost; prediction; soils; temperature; thermal regime ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cost optimization of DNAPL remediation at Dover Air Force Base site AN - 1030490177; 2012-069321 AB - This study investigates stochastic optimization of dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) remediation design at Dover Air Force Base Area 5 using emulsified vegetable oil (EVO) injection. The Stochastic Cost Optimization Toolkit (SCOToolkit) is used for the study, which couples semianalytical DNAPL source depletion and transport models with parameter estimation, error propagation, and stochastic optimization modules that can consider multiple sources and remediation strategies. Model parameters are calibrated to field data conditions on prior estimates of parameters and their uncertainty. Monte Carlo simulations are then performed to identify optimal remediation decisions that minimize the expected net present value (NPV) cleanup cost while maintaining concentrations at compliance wells under the maximum contaminant level (MCL). The results show that annual operating costs could be reduced by approximately 50% by implementing the identified optimal remediation strategy. We also show that recalibration and reoptimization after 50 years using additional monitoring data could lead to a further 60% reduction in annual operating cost increases the reliability of the proposed remediation actions. Abstract Copyright (2012), National Ground Water Association. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Lee, Jonghyun AU - Liu, Xiaoyi AU - Kitanidis, Peter K AU - Kim, Ungtae AU - Parker, Jack AU - Bloom, Aleisa AU - Lyon, Robert Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 48 EP - 56 PB - Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of National Ground Water Association, Malden, MA VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - United States KW - Delaware KW - Kent County Delaware KW - contaminant plumes KW - injection KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - mathematical models KW - calibration KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - environmental analysis KW - cost KW - remediation KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - case studies KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - errors KW - stochastic processes KW - decontamination KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1030490177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Cost+optimization+of+DNAPL+remediation+at+Dover+Air+Force+Base+site&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jonghyun%3BLiu%2C+Xiaoyi%3BKitanidis%2C+Peter+K%3BKim%2C+Ungtae%3BParker%2C+Jack%3BBloom%2C+Aleisa%3BLyon%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Jonghyun&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1745-6592.2011.01382.x L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; case studies; contaminant plumes; cost; decontamination; Delaware; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; design; Dover Air Force Base; environmental analysis; errors; injection; Kent County Delaware; mathematical models; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; optimization; pollution; remediation; stochastic processes; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01382.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The maximum clique enumeration problem: algorithms, applications, and implementations AN - 1024663230; 16858172 AB - Background: The maximum clique enumeration (MCE) problem asks that we identify all maximum cliques in a finite, simple graph. MCE is closely related to two other well-known and widely-studied problems: the maximum clique optimization problem, which asks us to determine the size of a largest clique, and the maximal clique enumeration problem, which asks that we compile a listing of all maximal cliques. Naturally, these three problems are [Formulaomitted].-hard, given that they subsume the classic version of the [Formulaomitted].-complete clique decision problem. MCE can be solved in principle with standard enumeration methods due to Bron, Kerbosch, Kose and others. Unfortunately, these techniques are ill-suited to graphs encountered in our applications. We must solve MCE on instances deeply seeded in data mining and computational biology, where high-throughput data capture often creates graphs of extreme size and density. MCE can also be solved in principle using more modern algorithms based in part on vertex cover and the theory of fixed-parameter tractability (FPT). While FPT is an improvement, these algorithms too can fail to scale sufficiently well as the sizes and densities of our datasets grow. Results: An extensive testbed of benchmark graphs are created using publicly available transcriptomic datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Empirical testing reveals crucial but latent features of such high-throughput biological data. In turn, it is shown that these features distinguish real data from random data intended to reproduce salient topological features. In particular, with real data there tends to be an unusually high degree of maximum clique overlap. Armed with this knowledge, novel decomposition strategies are tuned to the data and coupled with the best FPT MCE implementations. Conclusions: Several algorithmic improvements to MCE are made which progressively decrease the run time on graphs in the testbed. Frequently the final runtime improvement is several orders of magnitude. As a result, instances which were once prohibitively time-consuming to solve are brought into the domain of realistic feasibility. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Eblen, John D AU - Phillips, Charles A AU - Rogers, Gary L AU - Langston, Michael A AD - Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2012 PY - 2012 DA - 2012 SP - 1 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB United Kingdom VL - 13 IS - Suppl 10 SN - 1471-2105, 1471-2105 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Algorithms KW - Bioinformatics KW - Computer applications KW - Data processing KW - Decomposition KW - Gene expression KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1024663230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=The+maximum+clique+enumeration+problem%3A+algorithms%2C+applications%2C+and+implementations&rft.au=Eblen%2C+John+D%3BPhillips%2C+Charles+A%3BRogers%2C+Gary+L%3BLangston%2C+Michael+A&rft.aulast=Eblen&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=Suppl+10&rft.spage=S5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=14712105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-13-S10-S5 L2 - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/13/S10/S5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Data processing; Algorithms; Bioinformatics; Computer applications; Decomposition DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-13-S10-S5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interpreting temperature-strain data from mesoscale clathrate experiments AN - 1017951131; 2012-051389 AB - Gas hydrates may play an important role in global climate change, carbon sequestration, energy production and seafloor stability. However, formation and dissociation pathways in geologically complex systems are poorly defined. We present a new approach to processing large amounts of data from a LUNA distributed sensing system (DSS) in the seafloor process simulator (SPS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory to monitor and visualize gas hydrate formation and dissociation in heterogeneous sediments. The DSS measures relative temperature/strain change with a high spatial resolution allowing the heat of reaction during gas hydrate formation/dissociation to be used to locate clathrate processes in space and time within the vessel. Optical fibers are placed in the sediment following an Archimedean spiral design and the position of each sensor is determined iteratively over the arc length using Newton's method. The DSS data are then gridded with a natural neighbor interpolation algorithm to allow contouring. The locations of sensors on the fiber were verified with hot and cold stimuli in known locations. Software was developed to produce temperature/strain linear and polar plots, which aid in locating significant hydrate formation/dissociation events. Results from an experiment using a vertically split column of sand and silt clearly showed initial hydrate formation in the sand, followed by slow encroachment into the silt. Similar systems and data processing techniques could be used for monitoring of hydrates in natural environments or in any situation where a hybrid temperature/strain index is useful. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Leeman, J R AU - Rawn, C J AU - Ulrich, S AU - Madden, M Elwood AU - Phelps, T J Y1 - 2012/01// PY - 2012 DA - January 2012 SP - 62 EP - 67 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - United States KW - gas hydrates KW - strain KW - data processing KW - petroleum KW - global change KW - gas storage KW - production KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - visualization KW - Tennessee KW - algorithms KW - ocean floors KW - climate KW - global warming KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - stabilization KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - clathrates KW - organic compounds KW - mathematical methods KW - hydrocarbons KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1017951131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Interpreting+temperature-strain+data+from+mesoscale+clathrate+experiments&rft.au=Leeman%2C+J+R%3BRawn%2C+C+J%3BUlrich%2C+S%3BMadden%2C+M+Elwood%3BPhelps%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Leeman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=62&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2011.05.004 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GGEOD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; carbon sequestration; clathrates; climate; climate change; data processing; experimental studies; gas hydrates; gas storage; global change; global warming; hydrocarbons; mathematical methods; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; ocean floors; organic compounds; petroleum; production; stabilization; strain; temperature; Tennessee; United States; visualization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2011.05.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic studies of the outer membrane cytochrome OmcA from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 AN - 1010895109; 16237139 AB - The outer membrane cytochrome OmcA functions as a terminal metal reductase in the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. The ten-heme centers shuttle electrons from the transmembrane donor complex to extracellular electron acceptors. Here, the crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of OmcA are reported. Crystals of OmcA were grown by the sitting-drop vapor-diffusion method using PEG 20000 as a precipitant. The OmcA crystals belonged to space group P21, with unit-cell parameters a = 93.0, b = 246.0, c = 136.6Aa, alpha = 90, beta = 97.8, gamma = 90 degree . X-ray diffraction data were collected to a maximum resolution of 3.25Aa. JF - Acta Crystallographica Section F AU - Tomanicek, S J AU - Johs, A AU - Sawhney AU - Shi, L AU - Liang, L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2012/01/01/ PY - 2012 DA - 2012 Jan 01 SP - 53 EP - 55 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 1744-3091, 1744-3091 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Crystallization KW - Cytochromes KW - Metals KW - reductase KW - Data processing KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - Outer membranes KW - Crystals KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Polyethylene glycol KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1010895109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Crystallographica+Section+F&rft.atitle=Crystallization+and+preliminary+X-ray+crystallographic+studies+of+the+outer+membrane+cytochrome+OmcA+from+Shewanella+oneidensis+MR-1&rft.au=Tomanicek%2C+S+J%3BJohs%2C+A%3BSawhney%3BShi%2C+L%3BLiang%2C+L&rft.aulast=Tomanicek&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+Crystallographica+Section+F&rft.issn=17443091&rft_id=info:doi/10.1107%2FS1744309111046082 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-06-01 N1 - Document feature - figure 0 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crystallization; Metals; Cytochromes; Data processing; reductase; Ionizing radiation; Outer membranes; Crystals; X-ray diffraction; Polyethylene glycol; Shewanella oneidensis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1744309111046082 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra; comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions AN - 959096411; 2012-036003 AB - Although Arctic tundra has been estimated to cover only 8% of the global land surface, the large and potentially volatile carbon pools currently stored in Arctic soils have the potential for large emissions of radiatively active greenhouse gases in the form of both CO2 and CH4 under warmer conditions, resulting in a positive feedback to global warming. Given the potential sensitivity of Arctic tundra to climate change and the expectation that the Arctic will experience appreciable warming over the next century, it is important to assess whether responses of carbon storage in Arctic tundra are likely to enhance or mitigate warming. In this analysis we compare estimates of carbon dynamics of Arctic tundra between 1990 and the late 2000s among observations, process-based models, and inversion models. A synthesis of compiled flux observations for Arctic tundra indicates that the annual exchange of CO2 cannot be distinguished from neutral balance across the range of studies that have been conducted. The process-based models indicate that the net ecosystem production of Arctic tundra ranged between 10 and 30 g C m-2 yr-1 from 1990-2006. Only one of the process-based models estimates that NEP is increasing in the 1990s and 2000s. Three of the four process-based models have a similar range of interannual variability in GPP, NPP, RH, and NEP. GPP, NPP, and RH are generally well correlated among the models, but the interannual variability in NEP is poorly correlated among the models. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - McGuire, A D AU - Christensen, Torben R AU - Hayes, D J AU - Heroult, Arnaud AU - Kimball, John S AU - Koven, C D AU - Lafleur, P AU - Miller, Paul AU - Oechel, W C AU - Sitch, S AU - Williams, Mat D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract GC41F EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - soils KW - methane KW - tundra KW - Arctic region KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - atmosphere KW - global change KW - alkanes KW - climate change KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - hydrocarbons KW - greenhouse gases KW - carbon cycle KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/959096411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+the+carbon+balance+of+Arctic+tundra%3B+comparisons+among+observations%2C+process+models%2C+and+atmospheric+inversions&rft.au=McGuire%2C+A+D%3BChristensen%2C+Torben+R%3BHayes%2C+D+J%3BHeroult%2C+Arnaud%3BKimball%2C+John+S%3BKoven%2C+C+D%3BLafleur%2C+P%3BMiller%2C+Paul%3BOechel%2C+W+C%3BSitch%2C+S%3BWilliams%2C+Mat+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McGuire&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Arctic region; atmosphere; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; climate change; geochemical cycle; global change; global warming; greenhouse gases; hydrocarbons; methane; models; organic compounds; soils; tundra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integration of sequence-similarity and functional association information can overcome intrinsic problems in orthology mapping across bacterial genomes AN - 920792118; 16173369 AB - Existing methods for orthologous gene mapping suffer from two general problems: (i) they are computationally too slow and their results are difficult to interpret for automated large-scale applications when based on phylogenetic analyses; or (ii) they are too prone to making mistakes in dealing with complex situations involving horizontal gene transfers and gene fusion due to the lack of a sound basis when based on sequence similarity information. We present a novel algorithm, Global Optimization Strategy (GOST), for orthologous gene mapping through combining sequence similarity and contextual (working partners) information, using a combinatorial optimization framework. Genome-scale applications of GOST show substantial improvements over the predictions by three popular sequence similarity-based orthology mapping programs. Our analysis indicates that our algorithm overcomes the intrinsic issues faced by sequence similarity-based methods, when orthology mapping involves gene fusions and horizontal gene transfers. Our program runs as efficiently as the most efficient sequence similarity-based algorithm in the public domain. GOST is freely downloadable at http://csbl.bmb.uga.edu/~maqin/GOST. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Li, Guojun AU - Ma, Qin AU - Mao, Xizeng AU - Yin, Yanbin AU - Zhu, Xiaoran AU - Xu, Ying AD - super(1)Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Bioinformatics, Computational Systems Biology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA, super(2)School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China, super(3)BioEnergy Science Center (http://bioenergycenter.org/), USA and super(4)College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China, xyn@bmb.uga.edu Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - Dec 2011 SP - e150 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 39 IS - 22 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Algorithms KW - Gene fusion KW - Gene mapping KW - Gene transfer KW - Integration KW - Phylogeny KW - orthology KW - Bacteria KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - N 14810:Methods KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/920792118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=Integration+of+sequence-similarity+and+functional+association+information+can+overcome+intrinsic+problems+in+orthology+mapping+across+bacterial+genomes&rft.au=Li%2C+Guojun%3BMa%2C+Qin%3BMao%2C+Xizeng%3BYin%2C+Yanbin%3BZhu%2C+Xiaoran%3BXu%2C+Ying&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Guojun&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=e150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgkr766 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Integration; Gene transfer; Gene fusion; Algorithms; orthology; Gene mapping; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkr766 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monodispersed biocompatible silver sulfide nanoparticles: facile extracellular biosynthesis using the γ-proteobacterium, Shewanella oneidensis. AN - 901304152; 21798382 AB - Interest in engineered metal and semiconductor nanocrystallites continues to grow due to their unique size- and shape-dependent optoelectronic, physicochemical and biological properties. Therefore identifying novel non-hazardous nanoparticle synthesis routes that address hydrophilicity, size and shape control and production costs has become a priority. In the present article we report for the first time on the efficient generation of extracellular silver sulfide (Ag₂S) nanoparticles by the metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis. The particles are reasonably monodispersed and homogeneously shaped. They are produced under ambient temperatures and pressures at high yield, 85% theoretical maximum. UV-visible and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements confirmed the formation, optical and surface properties, purity and crystallinity of the synthesized particles. Further characterization revealed that the particles consist of spheres with a mean diameter of 9±3.5 nm, and are capped by a detachable protein/peptide surface coat. Toxicity assessments of these biogenic Ag₂S nanoparticles on Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and S. oneidensis) and Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) bacterial systems, as well as eukaryotic cell lines including mouse lung epithelial (C 10) and macrophage (RAW-264.7) cells, showed that the particles were non-inhibitory and non-cytotoxic to any of these systems. Our results provide a facile, eco-friendly and economical route for the fabrication of technologically important semiconducting Ag₂S nanoparticles. These particles are dispersible and biocompatible, thus providing excellent potential for use in optical imaging, electronic devices and solar cell applications. JF - Acta biomaterialia AU - Suresh, Anil K AU - Doktycz, Mitchel J AU - Wang, Wei AU - Moon, Ji-Won AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Meyer, Harry M AU - Hensley, Dale K AU - Allison, David P AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Pelletier, Dale A AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. sureshak@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - 4253 EP - 4258 VL - 7 IS - 12 KW - Biocompatible Materials KW - 0 KW - Silver Compounds KW - silver sulfide KW - 9ZB10YHC1C KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared KW - Photoelectron Spectroscopy KW - X-Ray Diffraction KW - Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet KW - Shewanella -- metabolism KW - Silver Compounds -- metabolism KW - Metal Nanoparticles UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/901304152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+biomaterialia&rft.atitle=Monodispersed+biocompatible+silver+sulfide+nanoparticles%3A+facile+extracellular+biosynthesis+using+the+%CE%B3-proteobacterium%2C+Shewanella+oneidensis.&rft.au=Suresh%2C+Anil+K%3BDoktycz%2C+Mitchel+J%3BWang%2C+Wei%3BMoon%2C+Ji-Won%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BMeyer%2C+Harry+M%3BHensley%2C+Dale+K%3BAllison%2C+David+P%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BPelletier%2C+Dale+A&rft.aulast=Suresh&rft.aufirst=Anil&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+biomaterialia&rft.issn=1878-7568&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.actbio.2011.07.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2012-02-24 N1 - Date created - 2011-10-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2011.07.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis of LiNiO sub(2 cathode materials with homogeneous Al doping at the atomic level) AN - 1777114427; 15795414 AB - Aluminum doped LiNiO sub(2 cathode materials are synthesized by using Raney nickel as the starting material. The structure and composition are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with elemental mapping. The lithium deficiency is analyzed by Rieveld refinement. The initial capacity and retention of capacity are correlated to the lithium deficiency of the resulting cathode material. Using strong oxidant of Li) sub(2)O sub(2 in the synthesis results in materials with improved electrochemical cyclability. The improvement is related to the diminishing of lithium deficiency in strong oxidizing synthesis conditions.) JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Liu, Zengcai AU - Zhen, Honghe AU - Kim, Yoongu AU - Liang, Chengdu AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, United States liuz@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/12/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Dec 01 SP - 10201 EP - 10206 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 196 IS - 23 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Raney nickel KW - Homogeneous doping KW - LiNiO2 KW - Lithium-ion batteries KW - Cathodes KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - X-rays KW - Atomic structure KW - Aluminum KW - Diffraction KW - Synthesis KW - Lithium UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777114427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Synthesis+of+LiNiO+sub%282+cathode+materials+with+homogeneous+Al+doping+at+the+atomic+level%29&rft.au=Liu%2C+Zengcai%3BZhen%2C+Honghe%3BKim%2C+Yoongu%3BLiang%2C+Chengdu&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Zengcai&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=196&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=10201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2011.08.059 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.08.059 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Post-glacial ocean acidification and the decline of reefal microbial crusts AN - 1765874451; 2016-010902 AB - Data from Pacific, Indian Ocean and Caribbean coral reefs indicate marked Late Pleistocene to Holocene decline in the maximum thickness of microbial carbonate crusts in reef cavities. Using estimated values of pH, temperature, CO2, and ionic composition, we calculated calcite saturation ratio (Omega calcite) of tropical surface seawater for the past 16 Ka. This shows a declining trend of Omega calcite, paralleling that of reefal microbial crust thickness. We suggest that thinning of reefal microbial crusts could reflect decrease in seawater carbonate saturation due to ocean acidification in response to deglacial CO2 increase. Previously, decline in reefal microbial crusts, for example at Tahiti in the Pacific Ocean, has mainly been attributed to changes in nutrient supply associated with ocean upwelling and/or terrestrial run-off. Ocean acidification does not preclude such effects on microbial crust development produced by localized changes, but two features in particular are consistent with a global link with carbonate saturation state. Firstly, post-glacial decline in reefal microbial crust thickness affected tropical coral reefs in several oceans. Secondly, seawater carbonate saturation is a major long-term control on microbial carbonate abundance; microbially-induced biocalcification requires elevated seawater saturation for CaCO3 minerals and can be expected to fluctuate with carbonate saturation. In addition to compiling published crust thickness data, we measured thicknesses of microbial carbonate crusts in cavities in Tahiti reefs sampled by Integrated Ocean Drilling Program coring in 2005. This indicates halving of maximum crust thickness, during the same period as steep decline in mean-ocean calcite saturation, near the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. Reefal microbial crusts have been common since skeletal reefs became widespread during the Ordovician Period, 475 Ma ago. The habitat for cryptic crusts expanded as scleractinian corals developed cavernous frameworks. These typically form late-stage stromatolitic veneers on coral and other reef skeletons in framework cavities, and can make a substantial contribution to reef structure. In some tropical reefs of the past 10 Ma, microbial crusts constitute up to 80% of the CaCO3 framework. The thinning and/or elimination of crusts affects the wave-resistance and mechanical stability of skeletal frames, and can be expected to influence overall patterns of coral reef growth and architecture. If the deglacial decline in reefal microbial crusts recorded by our data does reflect reduction in carbonate saturation ratio due to CO2 increase, then this natural ocean acidification can be expected to have occurred with similar effects during earlier interglacial periods. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Riding, R AU - Liang, L AU - Braga, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract OS41C EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - tropical environment KW - postglacial environment KW - ions KW - Holocene KW - temperature KW - paleoecology KW - carbon dioxide KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - Indian Ocean KW - Zoantharia KW - French Polynesia KW - Anthozoa KW - thickness KW - Invertebrata KW - calcium carbonate KW - sedimentary structures KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - encrustations KW - Tahiti KW - reef environment KW - Quaternary KW - interglacial environment KW - biogenic structures KW - calcification KW - Integrated Ocean Drilling Program KW - hydrochemistry KW - calcite KW - Scleractinia KW - stromatolites KW - saturation KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Oceania KW - Pleistocene KW - acidification KW - stratigraphic boundary KW - Society Islands KW - Polynesia KW - microbial crusts KW - Cnidaria KW - North Atlantic KW - Caribbean Sea KW - carbonates KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - microorganisms KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765874451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Post-glacial+ocean+acidification+and+the+decline+of+reefal+microbial+crusts&rft.au=Riding%2C+R%3BLiang%2C+L%3BBraga%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Riding&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; Anthozoa; Atlantic Ocean; biogenic structures; calcification; calcite; calcium carbonate; carbon dioxide; carbonates; Caribbean Sea; Cenozoic; Cnidaria; encrustations; French Polynesia; geochemistry; Holocene; hydrochemistry; Indian Ocean; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program; interglacial environment; Invertebrata; ions; microbial crusts; microorganisms; North Atlantic; Oceania; Pacific Ocean; paleoecology; pH; Pleistocene; Polynesia; postglacial environment; Quaternary; reef environment; saturation; Scleractinia; sedimentary structures; Society Islands; stratigraphic boundary; stromatolites; Tahiti; temperature; thickness; tropical environment; upper Pleistocene; Zoantharia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporating 3-D subsurface hydrologic processes within the Community Land Surface Model (CLM); coupling PFLOTRAN and CLM AN - 1707528691; 2015-079462 AB - Numerous studies have shown a positive soil moisture-rainfall feedback through observational data, as well as, modeling studies. Spatial variability of topography, soils, and vegetation play a significant role in determining the response of land surface states (soil moisture) and fluxes (runoff, evapotranspirtiaon); but their explicit accounting within Land Surface Models (LSMs) is computationally expensive. Additionally, anthropogenic climate change is altering the hydrologic cycle at global and regional scales. Characterizing the sensitivity of groundwater recharge is critical for understanding the effects of climate change on water resources. In order to explicitly represent lateral redistribution of soil moisture and unified treatment of the unsaturated-saturated zone in the subsurface within the CLM, we propose coupling PFLOTRAN and CLM. PFLOTRAN is a parallel multiphase-multicomponent subsurface reactive flow and transport code for modeling subsurface processes and has been developed under a DOE SciDAC-2 project. PFLOTRAN is written in Fortran 90 using a modular, object-oriented approach. PFLOTRAN utilizes fully implicit time-stepping and is built on top of the Portable, Extensible Toolkit for Scientific Computation (PETSc). The PFLOTRAN model is capable of simulating fluid flow through porous media with fluid phases of air, water, and supercritical CO2. PFLOTRAN has been successfully employed on up to 131,072 cores on Jaguar, the massively parallel Cray XT4/XT5 at ORNL, for problems composed of up to 2 billion degrees of freedom. In this work, we will present a strategy of coupling the two models, CLM and PFLOTRAN, along with a few preliminary results obtained from the coupled model. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bisht, G AU - Mills, R T AU - Hoffman, F M AU - Thornton, P E AU - Lichtner, P C AU - Hammond, G E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract H41C EP - 1046 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - Everglades KW - rainfall KW - biochemistry KW - phosphorus KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - simulation KW - Florida KW - evapotranspiration KW - ground water KW - geochemical cycle KW - recharge KW - wetlands KW - sensitivity analysis KW - water treatment KW - climate effects KW - hydrodynamics KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707528691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Incorporating+3-D+subsurface+hydrologic+processes+within+the+Community+Land+Surface+Model+%28CLM%29%3B+coupling+PFLOTRAN+and+CLM&rft.au=Bisht%2C+G%3BMills%2C+R+T%3BHoffman%2C+F+M%3BThornton%2C+P+E%3BLichtner%2C+P+C%3BHammond%2C+G+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bisht&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; climate effects; ecosystems; evapotranspiration; Everglades; Florida; geochemical cycle; ground water; hydrodynamics; hydrology; phosphorus; rainfall; recharge; sensitivity analysis; simulation; United States; vegetation; water quality; water treatment; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecosystem impacts of geoengineering; a review for developing a science plan AN - 1707523220; 2015-082951 AB - Geoengineering methods are intended to reduce the magnitude of climate change, which is already having demonstrable effects on ecosystem structure and functioning. A recent workshop sponsored by the International Geosphere Biosphere Program evaluated the possible impacts of the two different types of activities that have been proposed: carbon dioxide removal (CDR) and sunlight reflection methods (SRM). SRM involves reflecting a small percentage of solar light back into space to offset the warming due to greenhouse gases, and CDR includes a range of engineered and biological processes to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. We looked at their impact on the physical climate and their subsequent influence on ecosystems, which include the risks and uncertainties associated with these proposed purposeful perturbations to the Earth. The question considered in our review is whether CDR and SRM methods would exacerbate or alleviate the deleterious impacts on ecosystems associated with climate changes that might occur in the foreseeable future. Because research on this topic is just beginning, our report summarizes what is known, but also suggests the type of research that will be necessary to answer the question we posed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Leinen, M AU - Russell, L M AU - Rasch, P AU - Mace, G AU - Jackson, R B AU - Shepherd, J AU - Liss, P S AU - Schimel, D AU - Vaughan, N AU - Janetos, A C AU - Boyd, P W AU - Norby, R AU - Caldeira, K AU - Merikanto, J AU - Artaxo, P AU - Melillo, J M AU - Morgan, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract U44B EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - mitigation KW - geoengineering KW - human activity KW - solar radiation KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - ecology KW - greenhouse effect KW - climate change KW - global warming KW - carbon dioxide KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707523220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Ecosystem+impacts+of+geoengineering%3B+a+review+for+developing+a+science+plan&rft.au=Leinen%2C+M%3BRussell%2C+L+M%3BRasch%2C+P%3BMace%2C+G%3BJackson%2C+R+B%3BShepherd%2C+J%3BLiss%2C+P+S%3BSchimel%2C+D%3BVaughan%2C+N%3BJanetos%2C+A+C%3BBoyd%2C+P+W%3BNorby%2C+R%3BCaldeira%2C+K%3BMerikanto%2C+J%3BArtaxo%2C+P%3BMelillo%2C+J+M%3BMorgan%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Leinen&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2011/FM/sections/U/sessions/U44B/abstracts/U44B-03.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 10, 2014 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; climate change; ecology; ecosystems; geoengineering; global change; global warming; greenhouse effect; human activity; mitigation; solar radiation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanometer to centimeter scale analysis and modeling of pore structures AN - 1703687078; 2015-077253 AB - The microstructure and evolution of pore space in rocks is a critically important factor controlling fluid flow. The size, distribution and connectivity of these confined geometries dictate how fluids including H2O and CO2, migrate into and through these micro- and nano-environments, wet and react with the solid. (Ultra)small-angle neutron scattering and autocorrelations derived from BSE imaging provide a method of quantifying pore structures in a statistically significant manner from the nanometer to the centimeter scale. Multifractal analysis provides additional constraints. These methods were used to characterize the pore features of a variety of potential CO2 geological storage formations and geothermal systems such as the shallow buried quartz arenites from the St. Peter Sandstone and the deeper Mt. Simon quartz arenite in Ohio as well as the Eau Claire Shale and mudrocks from the Cranfield MS CO2 injection test and the normal temperature and high-temperature vapor-dominated parts of the Geysers geothermal system in California. For example, analyses of samples of St. Peter Sandstone show total porosity correlates with changes in pores structure including pore size ratios, surface fractal dimensions, and lacunarity. These samples contain significant large-scale porosity, modified by quartz overgrowths, and neutron scattering results show significant sub-micron porosity, which may make up fifty percent or more of the total pore volume. While previous scattering data from sandstones suggest scattering is dominated by surface fractal behavior, our data are both fractal and pseudo-fractal. The scattering curves are composed of steps, modeled as polydispersed assemblages of pores with log-normal distributions. In some samples a surface-fractal overprint is present. There are also significant changes in the mono and multifractal dimensions of the pore structure as the pore fraction decreases. There are strong positive correlations between D(0) and image and total scattering porosities, and strong negative correlations between these and multifractality, which increases as pore fraction decreases and the percent of (U)SANS porosity increases. Individual fractal dimensions at all q values from the BSE images decrease during silcrete formation. These data suggest that microporosity is more prevalent and may play a much more important role than previously thought in fluid/rock interactions in coarse-grained sandstone. Preliminary results from shale and mudrocks indicate there are dramatic differences not only in terms of total micro- to nano-porosity, but also in terms of pore surface fractal (roughness) and mass fractal (pore distributions) dimensions as well as size distributions. Information from imaging and scattering data can also be used to constrain computer-generated, random, three-dimensional porous structures. The results integrate various sources of experimental information and are statistically compatible with the real rock. This allows a more detailed multiscale analysis of structural correlations in the material. Acknowledgements. Research sponsored by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Vlcek, L AU - Rother, G AU - Cole, D R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract V13E EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - United States KW - Cranfield Field KW - Middle Ordovician KW - sandstone KW - Natchez Mississippi KW - Mount Simon Sandstone KW - Cambrian KW - carbon dioxide KW - Upper Cambrian KW - California KW - Ordovician KW - Adams County Mississippi KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Eau Claire Formation KW - Sonoma County California KW - Saint Peter Sandstone KW - fractals KW - Ohio KW - carbon sequestration KW - mudstone KW - shale KW - Paleozoic KW - Mississippi KW - porosity KW - geothermal fields KW - The Geysers KW - clastic rocks KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703687078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Nanometer+to+centimeter+scale+analysis+and+modeling+of+pore+structures&rft.au=Wesolowski%2C+D+J%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BVlcek%2C+L%3BRother%2C+G%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wesolowski&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2011/FM/sections/V/sessions/V13E/abstracts/V13E-07.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 24, 2014 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams County Mississippi; California; Cambrian; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; Cranfield Field; Eau Claire Formation; fractals; geothermal fields; Middle Ordovician; Mississippi; Mount Simon Sandstone; mudstone; Natchez Mississippi; Ohio; Ordovician; Paleozoic; porosity; Saint Peter Sandstone; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; shale; Sonoma County California; The Geysers; United States; Upper Cambrian ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of the properties of pore-confined supercritical CO2 by vibrating tube and gravimetric adsorption methods AN - 1703685921; 2015-077273 AB - Accurate properties of multicomponent CO2-rich fluids are needed to understand and control the processes occurring during subsurface storage of CO2, enhanced coalbed methane recovery, and proposed geothermal heat mining using CO2 instead of water. While fluid transport in macroscopic fractures is mainly affected by bulk fluid properties, mineral dissolution and fluid-rock reactions occur at the solid-fluid interface located largely in mesopore and micropore networks. Densities, mineral solubilities, ionic and phase equilibria, and transport properties of multicomponent fluids change significantly in close proximity to mineral surfaces. Accurate modeling of the behavior of CO2-rich fluids and their effect on the evolution of the reservoir and caprock permeability depend on accurate properties of both bulk and confined phases. Although manometric, volumetric, and gravimetric techniques have been used successfully to investigate adsorption of low-density subcritical gases and vapors, they are not capable of complete characterization of interfacial processes at higher, liquid-like densities of supercritical fluids. As the density of bulk fluid becomes comparable to that of the pore fluid, excess adsorption is no longer a good estimate of total adsorption capacity of the formation and the properties of the pore fluid remain unknown. In this work vibrating tube densimetry of pore fluids was used for the first time as a novel method capable of providing the total amount of fluid contained within a pore system through a direct measurement of the mass of a fluid-saturated porous solid. The method is first demonstrated using propane at subcritical and supercritical temperatures between 35 degrees C and 97 degrees C confined in silica aerogel (density 0.2 g/cm3, porosity 90%) that was synthesized inside Hastelloy U-tubes. Sorption and desorption of carbon dioxide on the same solid was measured between 31 degrees C (the critical temperature of CO2) and 50 degrees C at pressures to 140 bar (density to approximately 0.77 g/cm3). The total adsorption results obtained by vibrating tube densimetry are compared with gravimetric adsorption isotherms for CO2 and the same porous solid obtained using a precise microbalance with magnetic suspension (Rubotherm). The total adsorption isotherms monotonically increase as a function of bulk fluid density (pressure) and are in quantitative agreement with the gravimetric data showing a maximum at subcritical bulk fluid density, and approaching zero at higher pressures. The results of this work are also consistent with the results of direct measurements of the properties of the adsorbed phase in direct vicinity of fluid-solid interface using small angle neutron scattering (SANS) techniques. Analysis of the properties of confined fluids in a range of porous materials obtained by different approaches is expected to improve the accuracy of the experimental methods and advance the fundamental understanding of the effects of fluid confinement. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gruszkiewicz, M S AU - Rother, G AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Cole, D R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract V14A EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - experimental studies KW - density KW - supercritical materials KW - propane KW - vibrating tube densimetry KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - porous materials KW - alkanes KW - adsorption KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - silica KW - hydrocarbons KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703685921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+the+properties+of+pore-confined+supercritical+CO2+by+vibrating+tube+and+gravimetric+adsorption+methods&rft.au=Gruszkiewicz%2C+M+S%3BRother%2C+G%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gruszkiewicz&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2011/FM/sections/V/sessions/V14A/abstracts/V14A-03.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 24, 2014 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; carbon dioxide; density; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; organic compounds; porous materials; propane; silica; supercritical materials; vibrating tube densimetry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of pore networks in caprocks at geologic storage sites; a combined study using high temperature and pressure reaction experiments, small angle neutron scattering, and focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy AN - 1703685875; 2015-077254 AB - Low permeability rock units, often shales or mudstones, that overlie geologic formations under consideration for CO2 sequestration will help contain injected CO2. CO2 that does flow through these rocks will dissolve into the porewaters, creating carbonic acid lowering the pH. This perturbation of the system may result in mineral dissolution or precipitation, which can change the pore structure and impact the flow properties of the caprocks. In order to investigate the impacts that reaction can have on caprock pore structure, we performed a combination of high pressure high temperature reaction experiments, small angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments and high resolution focused ion beam-scanning electron microscope (FIB-SEM) imaging on samples from the Gothic Shale and Marine Tuscaloosa Group. Small angle neutron scattering was performed on unreacted and reacted caprocks at the High Flux Isotope Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. New precipitates and pores are observed in high-resolution images of the reacted samples. The precipitates have been preliminarily identified as gypsum or anhydrite, and sulfide minerals. Results from small angle neutron scattering, a technique that provides information about pores and pore/mineral interfaces at scales approximately 5 to 300 nm, show an increased porosity and specific surface area after reaction with brine and CO2. However, there appear to be differences in how the pore networks change between the two samples that are related to sample mineralogy and original pore network structure. Changes to pores and formation of new pores may lead to different capillary sealing behavior and permeability. This combination of controlled laboratory experiments, neutron scattering and high-resolution imaging provides detailed information about the geochemical processes that occur at the pore scale as CO2 reacts with rocks underground. Such information is integral to the evaluation of large-scale CO2 sequestration as a feasible technology for reducing anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mouzakis, K M AU - Sitchler, A AU - Wang, X AU - McCray, J E AU - Kaszuba, J P AU - Rother, G AU - Dewers, T A AU - Heath, J E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract V13E EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - United States KW - neutron methods KW - Pennsylvanian KW - Cretaceous KW - Gothic Shale KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Tuscaloosa Formation KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - pressure KW - mudstone KW - shale KW - Paleozoic KW - Carboniferous KW - electron microscopy data KW - high pressure KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - Middle Pennsylvanian KW - small angle neutron scattering KW - brines KW - clastic rocks KW - SEM data KW - permeability KW - high temperature KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703685875?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+pore+networks+in+caprocks+at+geologic+storage+sites%3B+a+combined+study+using+high+temperature+and+pressure+reaction+experiments%2C+small+angle+neutron+scattering%2C+and+focused+ion+beam-scanning+electron+microscopy&rft.au=Mouzakis%2C+K+M%3BSitchler%2C+A%3BWang%2C+X%3BMcCray%2C+J+E%3BKaszuba%2C+J+P%3BRother%2C+G%3BDewers%2C+T+A%3BHeath%2C+J+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mouzakis&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2011/FM/sections/V/sessions/V13E/abstracts/V13E-08.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 24, 2014 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; Carboniferous; clastic rocks; Cretaceous; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; Gothic Shale; high pressure; high temperature; laboratory studies; Mesozoic; Middle Pennsylvanian; mudstone; neutron methods; Paleozoic; Pennsylvanian; permeability; porosity; pressure; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; shale; small angle neutron scattering; temperature; Tuscaloosa Formation; United States; Upper Cretaceous ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and thermodynamics of carbon dioxide sorption in silica pores from experiments and computer models AN - 1703685776; 2015-077278 AB - Injection of CO2 into geologic formations has been proposed as a key element to reduce the impact of greenhouse gases emissions. Quantitative understanding of CO2 adsorption in porous mineral environments at thermodynamic conditions relevant to proposed sequestration sites is thus a prerequisite for the assessment of their viability. In this study we use a combination of neutron scattering, adsorption experiments, and computer modeling to investigate the thermodynamics of near-critical carbon dioxide in the pores of SiO2 aerogel, which serves as a model of a high-porosity reservoir rock. Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments provide input for the optimization of the computer model of the aerogel matrix, and also serve as a sensitive probe of local density changes of confined CO2 as a function of external pressure. Additional details of the aerogel basic building blocks and SiO2 surface are derived from TEM images. An independent source of global adsorption data is obtained from gravimetric experiments. The structural and thermodynamic aspects of CO2 sorption are linked using computer simulations, which include the application of the optimized diffusion limited cluster-cluster aggregation algorithm (DLCA), classical density functional theory (DFT) modeling of large-scale CO2 density profiles, and molecular dynamics simulations of the details of interactions between CO2 molecules and the amorphous silica surfaces. This integrated approach allows us to span scales ranging from 1Aa to 1mu m, as well as to infer the detailed structure of silica threads forming the framework of the silica matrix. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Vlcek, L AU - Rother, G AU - Chialvo, A A AU - Cole, D R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract V14A EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - gas storage KW - electron microscopy data KW - TEM data KW - porosity KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - silica KW - small angle neutron scattering KW - thermodynamic properties KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703685776?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Structure+and+thermodynamics+of+carbon+dioxide+sorption+in+silica+pores+from+experiments+and+computer+models&rft.au=Vlcek%2C+L%3BRother%2C+G%3BChialvo%2C+A+A%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vlcek&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2011/FM/sections/V/sessions/V14A/abstracts/V14A-08.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 24, 2014 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; gas storage; laboratory studies; numerical models; porosity; silica; small angle neutron scattering; sorption; TEM data; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactions of supercritical carbon dioxide with porous silica and montmorillonite clay AN - 1703685471; 2015-077275 AB - The high and increasing level of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere resulting from burning of fossil fuels is likely to cause global warming. Large-scale carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) of CO2 produced in power plants may play an important role in controlling the level of this greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. In this process, CO2 is stripped from the emissions, compressed, and stored in subsurface reservoirs in very large quantities. The specific CO2-rock interactions control the storage capacity of the reservoir and the fluid mobility. The dominant interactions of supercritical CO2 with reservoir rocks over the first couple of years after injection are sorption and capillary trapping. By combining sorption measurements and neutron scattering data in the Adsorbed Phase Model we obtain a full microstructural characterization of the pore fluid. We studied mesoporous CPG-10 silica materials with pore sizes of 75 Aa and 350 Aa at pressures from 0-200 bars and temperatures of 35 degrees C and 50 degrees C, covering a range typical for carbon storage sites. Porous silica glass serves as a proxy for quartz-rich rocks, including sandstones that may serve as reservoir rocks. The CO2 excess sorption isotherms were measured using a high-pressure sorption balance. Strong adsorption of CO2 to the silica was found at low fluid pressure and density, followed by formation of a maximum in the excess sorption isotherm. The excess sorption exhibited small or even negative values at high pressure. An inverse temperature dependence of the sorption strength was found in the adsorption region at low and intermediate pressure, while the excess sorption showed little temperature dependence at high pressure. A shift of the excess sorption maximum to higher fluid density was observed with increasing pore width. From small-angle neutron scattering data the density and volume of the sorption phase of CO2 is calculated. Caprocks overlying the porous reservoir rock serve to retain buoyant plumes of CO2. Caprocks can be comprised of thick layers of clay or mudstones, thought to be impenetrable to CO2. To quantify the interactions of caprock with CO2, we measured the excess sorption of supercritical CO2 at Na-montmorillonite clay, a proxy for cap rock materials. Very limited amounts of CO2 adsorbed to this clay mineral at low fluid densities. Using neutron diffraction, the change of the clay interlayer spacing was measured as a function of the CO2 density. A jump-like increase of the interlayer spacing upon CO2 addition was found at low pressures, and remained constant with further additions of CO2. These results indicate suitability of montmorillonite clay for carbon storage caprock applications. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rother, G AU - Cole, D R AU - Ilton, E S AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Krukowski, E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract V14A EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - supercritical materials KW - porous materials KW - clay minerals KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - silica KW - neutron diffraction data KW - sheet silicates KW - montmorillonite KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703685471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Interactions+of+supercritical+carbon+dioxide+with+porous+silica+and+montmorillonite+clay&rft.au=Rother%2C+G%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BIlton%2C+E+S%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BKrukowski%2C+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rother&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2011/FM/sections/V/sessions/V14A/abstracts/V14A-05.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 24, 2014 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical reactions; clay minerals; experimental studies; laboratory studies; montmorillonite; neutron diffraction data; porous materials; sheet silicates; silica; silicates; sorption; supercritical materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of U(VI) reduction in contaminated sediments with slow-degrading electron donor source AN - 1673367222; 2015-034672 AB - In order to select sustainable, high efficiency and cost effective electron donor source, oleate and emulsified vegetable oil (EVO) were tested uranium (VI) reduction in comparison with ethanol in microcosms using uranium contaminated sediments and groundwater from the US DOE Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge (ORIFRC) site. The effect of initial sulfate concentration on U(VI) reduction was also tested. Both oleate and EVO were effective electron donor sources for U(VI) reduction. Accumulation of acetate as a major product and the removal of aqueous U(VI) were observed and were associated with sulfate reduction. Both oleate and EVO supported U(VI) reduction but at slower rates with a comparable but slightly lower extent of reduction than ethanol. X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) analysis confirmed reduction of U(VI) to U(IV). The extent of U(VI) reduction in solid phase was negatively influenced by aqueous calcium concentration. The majority of electrons of the three substrates were consumed by sulfate reduction, Fe(III) reduction, and methanogenesis. Initial U(VI) concentration in the aqueous phase increased with increased sulfate concentration (1 versus 5 mM), likely due to U(VI) desorption from the solid phase. At the higher initial sulfate concentration more U(VI) was reduced and fewer electrons were used in methanogenesis. Analysis of bacterial and archeal populations using 16S rRNA gene libraries showed a significant increase in Deltaproteobacteria after biostimulation. The microbial community structures developed with oleate and EVO were significantly distinct from those developed with ethanol. Bacteria similar to Desulforegula spp. was predominant for oleate and EVO degradation but were not observed in ethanol-amended microcosms. Known U(VI)-reducing bacteria in the microcosms amended with the three electron donor sources included iron(III) reducing Geobacter spp. but in lower abundances than sulfate-reducing Desulfovibrio spp. The test results were used for the design a field test by one-time injection of EVO to the subsurface for U(VI) reduction in Area 2 of the ORIFRC site. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wu, W AU - Watson, D B AU - Zhang, G AU - Mehlhorn, T AU - Lowe, K AU - Earles, J AU - Phillips, J AU - Kelly, S D AU - Boyanov, M AU - Kemner, K M AU - Schadt, C AU - Criddle, C S AU - Jardine, P M AU - Brooks, S C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract H21A EP - 1059 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - biodegradation KW - Geobacter KW - characterization KW - pollution KW - X-ray spectra KW - iron KW - ground water KW - XANES spectra KW - ethanol KW - organic compounds KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - Desulfovibrio KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - alcohols KW - uranium KW - spectra KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673367222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+U%28VI%29+reduction+in+contaminated+sediments+with+slow-degrading+electron+donor+source&rft.au=Wu%2C+W%3BWatson%2C+D+B%3BZhang%2C+G%3BMehlhorn%2C+T%3BLowe%2C+K%3BEarles%2C+J%3BPhillips%2C+J%3BKelly%2C+S+D%3BBoyanov%2C+M%3BKemner%2C+K+M%3BSchadt%2C+C%3BCriddle%2C+C+S%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alcohols; bacteria; biodegradation; characterization; Desulfovibrio; ethanol; Geobacter; ground water; iron; metals; organic compounds; pollution; sediments; soil pollution; spectra; uranium; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogeochemical modeling of in situ U(VI) reduction and immobilization with emulsified vegetable oil as the electron donor at a field site in Oak Ridge, Tennessee AN - 1673366958; 2015-034681 AB - A comprehensive biogeochemical model was developed to quantitatively describe the coupled hydrologic, geochemical and microbiological processes that occurred following injection of emulsified vegetable oil (EVO) as the electron donor to immobilize U(VI) at the Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge site (ORIFRC) in Tennessee. The model couples the degradation of EVO, production and oxidation of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA), glycerol, hydrogen and acetate, reduction of nitrate, manganese, ferrous iron, sulfate and uranium, and methanoganesis with growth of multiple microbial groups. The model describes the evolution of geochemistry and microbial populations not only in the aqueous phase as typically observed, but also in the mineral phase and therefore enables us to evaluate the applicability of rates from the literature for field scale assessment, estimate the retention and degradation rates of EVO and LCFA, and assess the influence of the coupled processes on fate and transport of U(VI). Our results suggested that syntrophic bacteria or metal reducers might catalyze LCFA oxidation in the downstream locations when sulfate was consumed, and competition between methanogens and others for electron donors and slow growth of methanogen might contribute to the sustained reducing condition. Among the large amount of hydrologic, geochemical and microbiological parameter values, the initial biomass, and the interactions (e.g., inhibition) of the microbial functional groups, and the rate and extent of Mn and Fe oxide reduction appear as the major sources of uncertainty. Our model provides a platform to conduct numerical experiments to study these interactions, and could be useful for further iterative experimental and modeling investigations into the bioreductive immobiliztion of radionuclide and metal contaminants in the subsurface. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tang, G AU - Parker, J AU - Wu, W AU - Schadt, C W AU - Watson, D B AU - Brooks, S C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract H21A EP - 1070 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - United States KW - sulfate ion KW - fatty acids KW - radioactivity KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - Oak Ridge Tennessee KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - metals KW - Tennessee KW - retention KW - hydrocarbons KW - carboxylic acids KW - field studies KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673366958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Biogeochemical+modeling+of+in+situ+U%28VI%29+reduction+and+immobilization+with+emulsified+vegetable+oil+as+the+electron+donor+at+a+field+site+in+Oak+Ridge%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Tang%2C+G%3BParker%2C+J%3BWu%2C+W%3BSchadt%2C+C+W%3BWatson%2C+D+B%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tang&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; carboxylic acids; fatty acids; field studies; hydrocarbons; metals; Oak Ridge Tennessee; organic acids; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; radioactivity; retention; sulfate ion; Tennessee; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field- and laboratory-scale evaluation of uranium sequestration; the role of sulfur and iron species AN - 1664439104; 2015-024819 AB - Over the past decade, field and laboratory studies have revealed the critical role of sulfur and iron species in uranium sequestration. Pilot-scale studies of in-situ U(VI) reduction were conducted at a site adjacent to the former S3 ponds (source zone) of the U.S. Department of Energy Oak Ridge Field Research Center, Oak Ridge, TN. The site contains uranium concentrations up to 800 mg/kg in soil and 250 mu M (60 mg/L) in groundwater. In field tests, flushing and pH adjustment decreased aqueous U concentrations by more than 1000 fold from 30-40 to nearly equal 1 mg/L. Ethanol addition stimulated microbial reduction of U(VI) and decreased U concentrations below the U.S. EPA maximum contaminant level for drinking water (30 ppb). U(VI) reduction was concomitant with iron(III)- and sulfate respiration. Spectroscopic analyses indicated sequential changes in the solid-associated uranium: U(VI) initially bound to mineral-surface and organic-bound complexes containing phosphate and carbonate, or as hydroxide and phosphate precipitates, was reduced mainly to a U(IV)-Fe complex. The U(IV) was stable under anaerobic conditions, but partially remobilized upon exposure to oxygen. In separate experiments, nitrate was injected into a reduced region of the subsurface containing previously immobilized U(IV). The nitrate was reduced to nitrite, ammonium, and nitrogen gas; sulfide levels decreased; and Fe(II) levels increased then deceased. Re-reduction of oxidized sediments released Fe(II) and soluble U(VI), suggesting that the decrease in soluble U during reoxidation was due to U(VI) sorption to Fe(III) oxides. Follow-up laboratory studies established that both biotically-generated hydrogen sulfide and soluble ferrous iron species reduce U(VI). For a sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from the Oak Ridge site, microbially-generated sulfide could explain the observed rate of U(VI) reduction. Laboratory studies established that soluble Fe(II) was able to reduce soluble U(VI) at rapid rates when conditions were thermodynamically favorable, resulting in formation of U(IV)-Fe precipitate. Finally, U(IV) formed by sulfate- and iron-reducing enrichments was evaluated for re-oxidation. In a sulfate-reducing enrichment, oxygen oxidized and mobilized U(IV), but less mobilization occurred in the Fe(III)-reducing enrichment, and the mobilized U(VI) was ultimately removed from solution. In three-year batch microcosm experiments, uranium remained immobilized in re-oxidized sediment at pH 6.5-7 and DO 5-6 mg/L. Addition of nitrate did not mobilize uranium. The results suggest that long-term sequestration of uranium is feasible and may be achievable through sequential reduction and oxidation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Criddle, C S AU - Wu, W AU - Bargar, J R AU - Fendorf, S E AU - Kitanidis, P K AU - Du, X AU - Boonchayaanant, B AU - Luo, J AU - Carley, J AU - Kelly, S D AU - Kemner, K M AU - Brooks, S C AU - Watson, D B AU - Jardine, P M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract H23I EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - oxidation KW - ammonium ion KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - drinking water KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - models KW - ferric iron KW - metals KW - Tennessee KW - sequential extraction KW - uranium KW - nitrate ion KW - actinides KW - microorganisms KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664439104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Field-+and+laboratory-scale+evaluation+of+uranium+sequestration%3B+the+role+of+sulfur+and+iron+species&rft.au=Criddle%2C+C+S%3BWu%2C+W%3BBargar%2C+J+R%3BFendorf%2C+S+E%3BKitanidis%2C+P+K%3BDu%2C+X%3BBoonchayaanant%2C+B%3BLuo%2C+J%3BCarley%2C+J%3BKelly%2C+S+D%3BKemner%2C+K+M%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BWatson%2C+D+B%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Criddle&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2011/FM/sections/H/sessions/H23I/abstracts/H23I-03.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; ammonium ion; aquifers; bioremediation; drinking water; ferric iron; geochemical cycle; ground water; iron; metals; microorganisms; models; monitoring; nitrate ion; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; oxidation; pollution; remediation; sequential extraction; Tennessee; United States; uranium; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Injection of emulsified vegetable oil for long-term bioreduction of uranium AN - 1664436288; 2015-024821 AB - In situ bioremediation of a uranium and nitrate-contaminated aquifer with the slow-release electron donor, emulsified vegetable oil (EVO), was tested at the US DOE Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program (SBR) Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) site, in Oak Ridge, TN. The EVO injection took place in Area 2 of the IFRC located about 300 m downgradient of the former S-3 disposal ponds. Liquid wastes, disposed in the ponds from 1951 to 1983, were primarily composed of nitric acid, plating wastes containing various metals (Cr, Ni) radionuclides (U, Tc), inorganics (nitrate, sulfate) and organic contaminants (tetrachloroethylene, acetone). Prior pond closure in 1987, large volumes of waste fluids migrated into the subsurface, down Bear Creek Valley and into Bear Creek. Contaminants detected at Area 2 were transported through a high permeability gravelly fill that is considered a preferred transport pathway for U to Bear Creek. Groundwater in the gravelly fill is contaminated with U (1-3 mg/L), sulfate (95-130 mg/L), and nitrate (20-40 mg/L) and 500 mg/kg or higher U has been detected on the solid phase of the fill material. The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility and long-term sustainability of U(VI) reduction and immobilization, and nitrate degradation in the high permeability, high flow gravel fill using EVO as the electron donor. A one-time EVO injection was conducted over a 2 hour period in the highly permeable gravel (hydraulic conductivity 0.08 cm/sec) in the well instrumented IFRC Area 2 field plot. Extensive monitoring of geochemical parameters, dissolved gases and microbial populations were conducted during the test. A bromide tracer test was conducted prior to the injection of the EVO to assess transport pathways and rates. Geochemical analysis of site groundwater demonstrated the sequential bioreduction of oxygen, nitrate, Mn(IV), Fe(III) and sulfate. Transient accumulation of acetate was observed as an intermediate in the oil degradation. Reduction and removal of U and nitrate from groundwater was observed in all wells in hydraulic connection to the injection wells after 2-4 weeks. U concentrations in groundwater were reduced to below 30 ppb (US EPA drinking water standard) at some well locations and nitrate was reduced to below detectable levels. Rebound of U in groundwater was observed together with the rebound of sulfate concentrations as the EVO was consumed. The flux of U and nitrate contamination from groundwater to the surface water receptor (Bear Creek) was significantly reduced by the EVO injection over a one year period. Uranium (VI) reduction to U(IV) in the field tests was confirmed by X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) analysis. The reduced U(IV) was determined by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) to be in an Fe-U complex, not uraninite. The activities of major Fe(III)- and sulfate-reducing bacteria with U(VI)-reducing capability as well as methanogens was stimulated after injection of the oil. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Brooks, S C AU - Watson, D B AU - Schadt, C W AU - Jardine, P M AU - Gihring, T M AU - Zhang, G AU - Mehlhorn, T AU - Lowe, K AU - Tarver, J R AU - Earles, J AU - Wu, W AU - Criddle, C S AU - Kemner, K M AU - Boyanov, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract H23I EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - water quality KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - nitric acid KW - degradation KW - in situ KW - oxidation KW - injection KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - vegetable oil KW - organic compounds KW - Tennessee KW - nitrate ion KW - inorganic acids KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664436288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Injection+of+emulsified+vegetable+oil+for+long-term+bioreduction+of+uranium&rft.au=Brooks%2C+S+C%3BWatson%2C+D+B%3BSchadt%2C+C+W%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BGihring%2C+T+M%3BZhang%2C+G%3BMehlhorn%2C+T%3BLowe%2C+K%3BTarver%2C+J+R%3BEarles%2C+J%3BWu%2C+W%3BCriddle%2C+C+S%3BKemner%2C+K+M%3BBoyanov%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2011/FM/sections/H/sessions/H23I/abstracts/H23I-06.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bioremediation; degradation; drinking water; experimental studies; ground water; in situ; injection; inorganic acids; nitrate ion; nitric acid; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; organic compounds; oxidation; permeability; pollution; remediation; sulfate ion; Tennessee; United States; vegetable oil; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of freeze-and-thaw on solute migration and structure of arctic soils by neutron tomography AN - 1648908356; 2015-010135 AB - The biogeochemical characteristics of permafrost soils are intimately coupled to water and its distribution in the subsurface. Spatiotemporal variability in water content and water phase is a controlling factor in the thermal response of arctic soils. The freezing process sequesters water in ice crystals, while ions are expelled and concentrated in the remaining liquid phase. Thus, even at subzero ambient temperatures liquid water is present within permafrost, existing as a very thin film surrounding soil and ice. As neutrons are particularly sensitive to hydrogen, neutron imaging can reveal the distribution of liquid water and ice in soil samples. Here we used neutron tomography to examine the phase transition from ice to liquid water and subsequent migration of water and solutes in soil core samples. Based on a comparison with baseline tomographic data of frozen samples, we attempt to characterize the associated changes in porosity, channel formation, and thawing-induced water and particle migration. We present current results on active layer and permafrost soil samples obtained from Fairbanks, Alaska, and a model soil system. The solute migration as a function of temperature and ionic strength was investigated. Our results indicate that salinity and the kinetics of the freezing process are important factors influencing water migration and metabolite redistribution in the active layer and transition zone. Thawing of permafrost can lead to the formation of interconnected pores and channels, which facilitate transport of nutrients and metabolites in the active layer and transition zone. Microscopic changes can also cause weakening or settlement of the soil, resulting in the formation of macroscopic thermokarst features. Soil structure changes may shift the composition of microbial communities, which combined with higher temperatures can accelerate degradation of organic matter. These processes facilitate net release of CO2 and CH4, which potentially exert positive feedback to global climate change. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Johs, A AU - Bilheux, H AU - Walker, L AU - Liang, L AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract B33F EP - 0530 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - metabolites KW - permafrost KW - salinity KW - freezing KW - cores KW - temperature KW - spatial variations KW - reactivity KW - transport KW - carbon KW - water content KW - kinetics KW - biogeochemical methods KW - baseline studies KW - soils KW - liquid phase KW - migration KW - Fairbanks Alaska KW - Arctic region KW - solutes KW - thawing KW - porosity KW - geochemical cycle KW - nutrients KW - neutrons KW - thermokarst KW - geochemical methods KW - Alaska KW - temporal distribution KW - carbon cycle KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1648908356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Impact+of+freeze-and-thaw+on+solute+migration+and+structure+of+arctic+soils+by+neutron+tomography&rft.au=Johs%2C+A%3BBilheux%2C+H%3BWalker%2C+L%3BLiang%2C+L%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Johs&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2011/FM/sections/B/sessions/B33F/abstracts/B33F-0530.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 Fall Meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; Arctic region; baseline studies; biogeochemical methods; carbon; carbon cycle; cores; Fairbanks Alaska; freezing; geochemical cycle; geochemical methods; kinetics; liquid phase; metabolites; migration; neutrons; nutrients; permafrost; porosity; reactivity; salinity; soils; solutes; spatial variations; temperature; temporal distribution; thawing; thermokarst; tomography; transport; United States; water content ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous leaching and carbon sequestration in constrained aqueous solutions AN - 1629945276; 2014-095140 AB - The behavior of metal ions' leaching and precipitated mineral phases of metal-rich fly ash (FA) was examined in order to evaluate microbial impacts on carbon sequestration and metal immobilization. The leaching solutions consisted of aerobic deionized water (DW) and artificial eutrophic water (AEW) that was anaerobic, organic- and mineral-rich, and higher salinity as is typical of bottom water in eutrophic algae ponds. The Fe- and Ca-rich FAs were predominantly composed of quartz, mullite, portlandite, calcite, hannebachite, maghemite, and hematite. After 86 days, only Fe and Ca contents exhibited a decrease in leaching solutions while other major and trace elements showed increasing or steady trends in preference to the type of FA and leaching solution. Ca-rich FA showed strong carbon sequestration efficiency ranging up to 32.3 g CO (sub 2) /kg FA after 86 days, corresponding to almost 65% of biotic carbon sequestration potential under some conditions. Variations in the properties of FAs such as chemical compositions, mineral constituents as well as the type of leaching solution impacted CO (sub 2) capture. Even though the relative amount of calcite increased sixfold in the AEW and the relative amount of mineral phase reached 37.3 wt% using Ca-rich FA for 86 days, chemical sequestration did not accomplish simultaneous precipitation and sequestration of several heavy metals. Copyright 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. JF - Environmental Geochemistry and Health AU - Moon, Ji-Won AU - Cho, Kyu-Seong AU - Moberly, James G AU - Roh, Yul AU - Phelps, Tommy J Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - 543 EP - 557 PB - Springer, London VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0269-4042, 0269-4042 KW - calcium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - carbon sequestration KW - aqueous solutions KW - iron KW - mineral composition KW - ash KW - major elements KW - quantitative analysis KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - trace elements KW - leaching KW - heavy metals KW - microorganisms KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629945276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geochemistry+and+Health&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+leaching+and+carbon+sequestration+in+constrained+aqueous+solutions&rft.au=Moon%2C+Ji-Won%3BCho%2C+Kyu-Seong%3BMoberly%2C+James+G%3BRoh%2C+Yul%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J&rft.aulast=Moon&rft.aufirst=Ji-Won&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=543&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geochemistry+and+Health&rft.issn=02694042&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10653-010-9370-2 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100162/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aqueous solutions; ash; calcium; carbon sequestration; heavy metals; iron; leaching; major elements; metals; microorganisms; mineral composition; precipitation; quantitative analysis; trace elements DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-010-9370-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating predictability in nonlinear climate systems using the Mount Pinatubo eruption AN - 1612262239; 2014-079607 AB - Volcanic eruptions serve as a benchmark for assessing aspects of predictability because they provide a sudden global impulse to the Earth's climate system. In particular, the 1991 eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines is of interest since it was the largest aerosol perturbation to the stratosphere in the twentieth century and the most intensely observed eruption on record. Using instrumental measurements during the eruption, the predictive skill of climate models may be evaluated and information about the earth's climate sensitivity may be inferred. In this study, weather records from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) Reanalysis project and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts 40 Year Re-analysis (ERA-40) are compared to simulations from the atmospheric component of the Community Earth System Model, CESM1.0. For all data sets, monthly averages of 2m air temperature are evaluated for the years preceding and following the eruption. The time series of the temperature response for all data sets are plotted against aerosol optical depth. This method generates a trajectory in phase space that characterizes the evolution of the system under forcing. The temporal pattern of response to forcing for the model and reanalysis data is discussed qualitatively and quantified statistically. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gaddis, A L AU - Drake, J AU - Evans, K J AU - Gentry, R W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract V11F EP - 2578 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - albedo KW - sulfur dioxide KW - Luzon KW - Far East KW - geoengineering KW - solar forcing KW - climate change KW - stratosphere KW - Mount Pinatubo KW - Philippine Islands KW - eruptions KW - solar radiation KW - volcanoes KW - aerosols KW - climate forcing KW - Asia KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612262239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Evaluating+predictability+in+nonlinear+climate+systems+using+the+Mount+Pinatubo+eruption&rft.au=Gaddis%2C+A+L%3BDrake%2C+J%3BEvans%2C+K+J%3BGentry%2C+R+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gaddis&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; albedo; Asia; climate change; climate forcing; eruptions; Far East; geoengineering; Luzon; Mount Pinatubo; Philippine Islands; solar forcing; solar radiation; stratosphere; sulfur dioxide; volcanoes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas flux dynamics in high arctic permafrost polygon and ice wedge active layer soil; microbial feedback implications AN - 1542639167; 2014-045298 AB - Temperatures in the Arctic may increase 4-8 degrees C over the next 100 years, thereby increasing the depth of the active layer (AL) and thawing the underlying permafrost, with ice wedges in particular acting as an early indicator, a bellwether, for changing permafrost. Although data on CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) fluxes have been studied along with microbial diversity of AL and permafrost environments, the relationship between methanogenic, methanotrophic and heterotrophic in situ activities within the AL and CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) fluxes as a function of temperature has not been delineated. Defining these relationships is critical for accurately modeling the extent and rate of + / - feedback in global climate models. Initial field investigations of diurnal CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) flux from permafrost and ice-wedge AL soils were conducted during July on Axel Heiberg Island in the Canadian high arctic. The AL soils (68-69 cm depth) were completely thawed while ambient air temperatures were between 9 and 27 degrees C. The AL soils above the ice wedges had a higher water content and finer texture than the polygon AL soils. Diurnal patterns using in situ flux chambers and a Picarro C-13 CO (sub 2) cavity ring-down spectrometer recorded net outward flux of CO (sub 2) (3.2 to 8.8 g/m (super 2) /day) and consumption of atmospheric CH (sub 4) (-2.2 mg/m (super 2) /day) from the AL surfaces. Gas flux from the ice wedge soil surface were in a similar range as the polygon soil surface, having slightly higher maximal flux of CO (sub 2) (10.4 g/m (super 2) /day) and net efflux of CH (sub 4) (-2.2 to 14 mg/m (super 2) /day). Using a vertical probe, gas flux below the surface measured higher amounts of CO (sub 2) with increasing depth ranging from 10.4 to 21.4 g/m (super 2) /day in the polygon soils vs. 10 to 28.5 g/m (super 2) /day in the ice wedge soils. Through the same profile, the CH (sub 4) concentration decreased from 0.59 ppmv to < 0.1 ppmv within 30 cm of the surface in the ice wedge and from 1.1 to 0.54 ppmv at the base of the polygon AL. The delta 13C of the CO (sub 2) efflux from the surface were consistent with microbial activity, ranging from -8.9 to -15 ppm and -14 to -17 ppm for the polygon and ice wedge soils, respectively. Below the surface, the delta 13C of CO (sub 2) was more C-13 depleted, reaching -18.9 ppm and -21.3 ppm at the base of the AL in the polygon and ice wedge soils, respectively. The H (sub 2) concentration ranged from 0.4 to 1.3 ppmv in the polygon vs. 0.5 to 4.4. ppmv in the ice-wedge soils with increasing depth. These data suggest that the more saturated ice wedge soils may have a more favorable environment for fermentative and methanogenic bacterial activity deeper in the ice wedge soil with greater stratification in microbial communities and fluxes of gases through the profile with net efflux of CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) into the atmosphere. Whereas the polygon AL soils appear to support greater methanotrophic populations through the AL depth with moderate CO (sub 2) flux and net CH (sub 4) consumption. Future work will aim to define microbial feedback under warming trends and to help define the influence of climate change on fragile polar ecosystems on a global scale. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mykytczuk, N C AU - Stackhouse, B T AU - Bennett, P C AU - Lamarche-Gagnon, G AU - Hettich, R L AU - Phelps, T J AU - Layton, A AU - Pfiffner, S M AU - Allan, J AU - Vishnivetskaya, T A AU - Chourey, K AU - Whyte, L AU - Onstott, T C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract GC43C EP - 0953 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - soil dynamics KW - permafrost KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ecosystems KW - periglacial features KW - climate change KW - Axel Heiberg Island KW - carbon dioxide KW - Queen Elizabeth Islands KW - Sverdrup Islands KW - arctic environment KW - Nunavut KW - methanogenesis KW - soils KW - methane KW - in situ KW - alkanes KW - ice wedges KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - bacteria KW - soil quality KW - hydrocarbons KW - active layer KW - microorganisms KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542639167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Gas+flux+dynamics+in+high+arctic+permafrost+polygon+and+ice+wedge+active+layer+soil%3B+microbial+feedback+implications&rft.au=Mykytczuk%2C+N+C%3BStackhouse%2C+B+T%3BBennett%2C+P+C%3BLamarche-Gagnon%2C+G%3BHettich%2C+R+L%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BLayton%2C+A%3BPfiffner%2C+S+M%3BAllan%2C+J%3BVishnivetskaya%2C+T+A%3BChourey%2C+K%3BWhyte%2C+L%3BOnstott%2C+T+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mykytczuk&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2011/FM/sections/GC/sessions/GC43C/abstracts/GC43C-0953.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; arctic environment; Axel Heiberg Island; bacteria; Canada; carbon dioxide; climate change; ecosystems; hydrocarbons; ice wedges; in situ; methane; methanogenesis; microorganisms; Nunavut; organic compounds; periglacial features; permafrost; Queen Elizabeth Islands; soil dynamics; soil quality; soils; Sverdrup Islands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial activity in active and upper permafrost layers in Axel Heiberg Island AN - 1542639117; 2014-045296 AB - Data on microbial communities and their metabolic activity in Arctic wetlands and underlying permafrost sediments is lacking. Samples were collected from different depths of a cryosol (D1, D2) and upper permafrost (D3) at the Axel Heiberg Island in July 2009. Upper cryosol has lower H (sub 2) O but higher C and N content when compared to deeper horizons including upper permafrost layer. Deep cryosol and upper permafrost contained SO (sub 4) (super 2-) (155 and 132 ppm) and NO (sub 3) (super -) (0.12 and 0.10 ppm), respectively. The phylogenetic analyses of the environmental 16S rRNA genes showed the putative SRB were more abundant in permafrost (8%) than in cryosols, D1 (0.2%) and D2 (1.1%). Putative denitrifying bacteria varied along depth with near 0.1% in D1 and a significant increase in D2 (2.7%) and D3 (2.2%). Methanogens were not detected; methanotrophs were present at low levels in D3 (1%). Two sets of microcosms were set up. Firstly, anaerobic microcosms, amended with 10 mM glucose, sulfate or nitrate, were cultivated at varying temperatures (15 degrees , 6 degrees , and 0 degrees C) for 10 months. Metabolic activity was monitored by measuring CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) every 3 months. A total of 89.5% of the D3-originated microcosms showed higher activity in comparison to cryosols in first 3 months. CH (sub 4) was not detected in these microcosms, whereas CO (sub 2) production was higher at 15 degrees C or with glucose. Metaproteomics analyses of microcosms with higher levels of CO (sub 2) production indicated the presence of stress responsive proteins (e.g. DnaK, GroEL) and proteins essential for energy production and survival under carbon starvation (e.g. F0F1 ATP synthase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase). These proteins have been previously shown to be up-regulated at low temperatures by permafrost bacteria. Metaproteomics data based on the draft sequences indicated the presence of proteins from the genera Bradyrhizobium, Sphingomonas, Lysinibacillus and Methylophilaceae and these bacteria were also detected by pyrosequencing. Secondly, a duplicate set of anaerobic microcosms inoculated with substrates (80:20 H (sub 2) /CO (sub 2) , 30 mM acetate or methanol) were prepared from replicate samples of D2 and D3 and monitored for CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) production during incubation at either 4 (super degrees ) or 22 degrees C for 60-80 days. Both CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) production were highest at 22 degrees C and using the CO (sub 2) /H (sub 2) substrate. 16S pyrosequencing analyses of the archaeal diversity indicated Thermoproteales dominated in all microcosms (80-90% of reads) while methanogens belonging to Methanobacteriaceae were also found (0.6 to 11.5%), with the highest amount in the D3 amended with methanol at 22 degrees C. This sample had the highest CH (sub 4) production (2.8 nmol g (super -1) day (super -1) ) as well as the only appearance of Methanosarcinaceae (1.4%). Twelve microcosms unresponsive to amendments were transferred to aerobic conditions with a subsequent increase in respiration rate up to 0.4 mmol CO (sub 2) g (super -1) day (super -1) . The current study indicates that increase in temperature, changes in oxygen and nutrition availability enhances metabolic activity in permafrost microbial communities. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Vishnivetskaya, T A AU - Allan, J AU - Cheng, K AU - Chourey, K AU - Hettich, R L AU - Layton, A AU - Liu, X AU - Murphy, J AU - Mykytczuk, N C AU - Phelps, T J AU - Pfiffner, S M AU - Saarunya, G AU - Stackhouse, B T AU - Whyte, L AU - Onstott, T C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract GC43C EP - 0951 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - permafrost KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - Axel Heiberg Island KW - carbon dioxide KW - substrates KW - Queen Elizabeth Islands KW - Sverdrup Islands KW - carbon KW - arctic environment KW - Nunavut KW - ecology KW - activity KW - productivity KW - soils KW - biodiversity KW - methane KW - phylogeny KW - metabolism KW - alkanes KW - geochemical cycle KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - wetlands KW - hydrocarbons KW - carbon cycle KW - active layer KW - Cryosols KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542639117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Microbial+activity+in+active+and+upper+permafrost+layers+in+Axel+Heiberg+Island&rft.au=Vishnivetskaya%2C+T+A%3BAllan%2C+J%3BCheng%2C+K%3BChourey%2C+K%3BHettich%2C+R+L%3BLayton%2C+A%3BLiu%2C+X%3BMurphy%2C+J%3BMykytczuk%2C+N+C%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BPfiffner%2C+S+M%3BSaarunya%2C+G%3BStackhouse%2C+B+T%3BWhyte%2C+L%3BOnstott%2C+T+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vishnivetskaya&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2011/FM/sections/GC/sessions/GC43C/abstracts/GC43C-0951.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; activity; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; arctic environment; Axel Heiberg Island; biodiversity; Canada; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; Cryosols; ecology; geochemical cycle; hydrocarbons; metabolism; methane; microorganisms; Nunavut; nutrients; organic compounds; permafrost; phylogeny; productivity; Queen Elizabeth Islands; soils; substrates; Sverdrup Islands; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organo-mineral interaction on the adsorption hysteresis, transport and vulnerability of soil organic carbon AN - 1282826881; 2013-015197 AB - Interactions between natural soil organic matter and mineral surfaces are of primary importance in determining the partitioning, transport, and preservation or storage of soil organic matter (SOM) in the natural environment. SOM is a complex mixture of a variety of polyfunctional organic moieties with a range of chemical and structural properties, such as pKa values, functional groups, aromaticities, and molecular sizes. These organic compounds exhibit varying affinities and capacities during interactions with mineral surfaces, resulting in sorption-desorption hysteresis, fractionation and competitive reactions, and degrative transformation during transport over time and depth. In this study, fractionation reactions, sorption mechanisms, and competitive reactions were investigated using advanced spectroscopic techniques and microcosm flow experiments. We show that strongly-binding organic moieties of SOM can competitively interact with minerals such as iron oxide and displace those weakly-bound organics during the reaction. These reactions lead to the adsorption and desorption hysteresis of SOM on minerals and kinetically limited exchange among different organic moieties during the transport of SOM under a controlled column flow system. Those strong-binding organic moieties of SOM are generally characterized by high molecular weight and poly-condensed, conjugated aromatics, which are sorbed onto iron oxide minerals primarily through surface complexation or ligand exchange processes. These observations highlight the importance of soil organo-mineral interactions on transformation, mobilization and decomposition of SOM and their controls on soil carbon balance, cycling, and vulnerability to climate change. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gu, B AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Liang, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract B22E EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - soils KW - mineral composition KW - hysteresis KW - carbon KW - carbon cycle KW - adsorption KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - geochemical cycle KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1282826881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Organo-mineral+interaction+on+the+adsorption+hysteresis%2C+transport+and+vulnerability+of+soil+organic+carbon&rft.au=Gu%2C+B%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BLiang%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; carbon; carbon cycle; chemical composition; geochemical cycle; hysteresis; mineral composition; organic carbon; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-resolution, parallel, continental ice sheet modelling using nonlinearly consistent solution algorithms AN - 1020540115; 2012-056430 AB - A parallel capability and Jacobian-Free Newton-Krylov solution method has been implemented into the higher-order velocity dynamical core within the Community Ice Sheet Model (CISM), a three dimensional, thermomechanical, continental scale ice sheet model coupled to the Community Earth System Model (CESM). Using these new capabilities, we present an analysis of the accuracy, convergence behavior, and efficiency gains for several standard test cases as well as for high-resolution Greenland simulations. Progress toward high-resolution simulations using the parallel CISM within the CESM will be discussed, including an outline of existing and future algorithmic and logistical challenges. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Evans, K J AU - Price, S F AU - Salinger, A G AU - Worley, P H AU - Nichols, J A AU - Norman, M AU - Lipscomb, W H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/12// PY - 2011 DA - December 2011 SP - Abstract DI14A EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - models KW - Greenland KW - three-dimensional models KW - ice KW - Arctic region KW - Greenland ice sheet KW - ice cover KW - thermomechanical properties KW - glacial geology KW - algorithms KW - ice sheets KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020540115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=High-resolution%2C+parallel%2C+continental+ice+sheet+modelling+using+nonlinearly+consistent+solution+algorithms&rft.au=Evans%2C+K+J%3BPrice%2C+S+F%3BSalinger%2C+A+G%3BWorley%2C+P+H%3BNichols%2C+J+A%3BNorman%2C+M%3BLipscomb%2C+W+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2011-12-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Arctic region; glacial geology; Greenland; Greenland ice sheet; ice; ice cover; ice sheets; models; thermomechanical properties; three-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonlinear phenomena in multiferroic nanocapacitors: joule heating and electromechanical effects. AN - 905871772; 21955139 AB - We demonstrate an approach for probing nonlinear electromechanical responses in BiFeO(3) thin film nanocapacitors using half-harmonic band excitation piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). Nonlinear PFM images of nanocapacitor arrays show clearly visible clusters of capacitors associated with variations of local leakage current through the BiFeO(3) film. Strain spectroscopy measurements and finite element modeling point to significance of the Joule heating and show that the thermal effects caused by the Joule heating can provide nontrivial contributions to the nonlinear electromechanical responses in ferroic nanostructures. This approach can be further extended to unambiguous mapping of electrostatic signal contributions to PFM and related techniques. JF - ACS nano AU - Kim, Yunseok AU - Kumar, Amit AU - Tselev, Alexander AU - Kravchenko, Ivan I AU - Han, Hee AU - Vrejoiu, Ionela AU - Lee, Woo AU - Hesse, Dietrich AU - Alexe, Marin AU - Kalinin, Sergei V AU - Jesse, Stephen AD - The Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. kimy4@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/11/22/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Nov 22 SP - 9104 EP - 9112 VL - 5 IS - 11 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905871772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=Nonlinear+phenomena+in+multiferroic+nanocapacitors%3A+joule+heating+and+electromechanical+effects.&rft.au=Kim%2C+Yunseok%3BKumar%2C+Amit%3BTselev%2C+Alexander%3BKravchenko%2C+Ivan+I%3BHan%2C+Hee%3BVrejoiu%2C+Ionela%3BLee%2C+Woo%3BHesse%2C+Dietrich%3BAlexe%2C+Marin%3BKalinin%2C+Sergei+V%3BJesse%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Yunseok&rft.date=2011-11-22&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=9104&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fnn203342v LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2012-03-20 N1 - Date created - 2011-11-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn203342v ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Two-Phase Flow Simulations of Protective Gas Layer for Spallation Neutron Source Target T2 - 2011 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2011) AN - 1313059098; 6113257 JF - 2011 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2011) AU - Abdou, Ashraf AU - Wendel, Mark AU - Riemer, Bernard AU - Volpenhein, Eric AU - Brewster, Robert Y1 - 2011/11/11/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Nov 11 KW - Simulation KW - Neutrons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313059098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2011+ASME+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2011%29&rft.atitle=Two-Phase+Flow+Simulations+of+Protective+Gas+Layer+for+Spallation+Neutron+Source+Target&rft.au=Abdou%2C+Ashraf%3BWendel%2C+Mark%3BRiemer%2C+Bernard%3BVolpenhein%2C+Eric%3BBrewster%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Abdou&rft.aufirst=Ashraf&rft.date=2011-11-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2011+ASME+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asmeconferences.org/Congress2011/TechnicalProgramOverview.cfm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Diesel Oxidation Catalyst Control of Hydrocarbon Aerosols from Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition Combustion T2 - 2011 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2011) AN - 1313052209; 6114248 JF - 2011 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2011) AU - Prikhodko, Vitaly AU - Curran, Scott AU - Barone, Teresa AU - Lewis, Samuel AU - Storey, John AU - Cho, Kukwon AU - Wagner, Robert AU - Parks II, James Y1 - 2011/11/11/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Nov 11 KW - Combustion KW - Oxidation KW - Catalysts KW - Aerosols KW - Diesel KW - Compression KW - Hydrocarbons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313052209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2011+ASME+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2011%29&rft.atitle=Diesel+Oxidation+Catalyst+Control+of+Hydrocarbon+Aerosols+from+Reactivity+Controlled+Compression+Ignition+Combustion&rft.au=Prikhodko%2C+Vitaly%3BCurran%2C+Scott%3BBarone%2C+Teresa%3BLewis%2C+Samuel%3BStorey%2C+John%3BCho%2C+Kukwon%3BWagner%2C+Robert%3BParks+II%2C+James&rft.aulast=Prikhodko&rft.aufirst=Vitaly&rft.date=2011-11-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2011+ASME+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asmeconferences.org/Congress2011/TechnicalProgramOverview.cfm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Texture Modification and Ductility Enhancement in Mg alloy through Friction Stir Processing T2 - 2011 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2011) AN - 1313045633; 6114049 JF - 2011 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2011) AU - Yu, Zhenzhen AU - Choo, Hahn AU - Feng, Zhili AU - Vogel, Sven Y1 - 2011/11/11/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Nov 11 KW - Alloys KW - alloys UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313045633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2011+ASME+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2011%29&rft.atitle=Texture+Modification+and+Ductility+Enhancement+in+Mg+alloy+through+Friction+Stir+Processing&rft.au=Yu%2C+Zhenzhen%3BChoo%2C+Hahn%3BFeng%2C+Zhili%3BVogel%2C+Sven&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Zhenzhen&rft.date=2011-11-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2011+ASME+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asmeconferences.org/Congress2011/TechnicalProgramOverview.cfm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Mixtures of CO2-SF6 as Working Fluids for Geothermal Plants T2 - 2011 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2011) AN - 1312963849; 6112388 JF - 2011 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2011) AU - Sabau, Adrian AU - Yin, Hebi AU - Gruszkiewicz, Miroslaw AU - McFarlane, Joanna AU - Conklin, James AU - Qualls, Lou AU - Pawel, Steven Y1 - 2011/11/11/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Nov 11 KW - Mechanical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312963849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2011+ASME+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2011%29&rft.atitle=Mixtures+of+CO2-SF6+as+Working+Fluids+for+Geothermal+Plants&rft.au=Sabau%2C+Adrian%3BYin%2C+Hebi%3BGruszkiewicz%2C+Miroslaw%3BMcFarlane%2C+Joanna%3BConklin%2C+James%3BQualls%2C+Lou%3BPawel%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Sabau&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft.date=2011-11-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2011+ASME+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asmeconferences.org/Congress2011/TechnicalProgramOverview.cfm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparing Cr, and N only doping with (Cr, N)-codoping for enhancing visible light reactivity of TiO sub(2) AN - 963864504; 15910464 AB - The photoreactivity of titania (TiO sub(2) nanoclusters with varying levels of N or Cr-doping, or (Cr, N)-codoping, was systematically investigated using photodegradation of methyl orange in aqueous suspensions. The shifting of the TiO) sub(2) absorption edge into the visible spectral region that is primarily attributable to band gap narrowing was found to be a reliable metric for estimating the photoreactivity of the doped nanoclusters. Compared to the weak response with undoped and N-doped TiO sub(2, Cr-doping and (Cr, N)-codoping were found to significantly enhance photodegradation of methyl orange under visible light. The initial reaction rates increase from about 0 to above 1.6 x 10) super(-)2 min super(-1 when the doping concentration of Cr in TiO) sub(2) increases from 0 to 5%. In stark contrast, under UV irradiation, doping is not only ineffective but also detrimental to the photoreactivity, and all doping including N or Cr only and (Cr, N)-codoping were found to reduce photoreactivity. JF - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental AU - Li, Yuan AU - Wang, Wei AU - Qiu, Xiaofeng AU - Song, Liang AU - Meyer, Harry M AU - Paranthaman, MParans AU - Eres, Gyula AU - Zhang, Zhenyu AU - Gu, Baohua AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States liy1@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/11/02/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Nov 02 SP - 148 EP - 153 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 110 SN - 0926-3373, 0926-3373 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); METADEX (MD); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Chromium KW - Doping KW - Dyes KW - Nanocomposites KW - Nanomaterials KW - Nanostructure KW - Photodegradation KW - Titanium dioxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/963864504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Catalysis+B%3A+Environmental&rft.atitle=Comparing+Cr%2C+and+N+only+doping+with+%28Cr%2C+N%29-codoping+for+enhancing+visible+light+reactivity+of+TiO+sub%282%29&rft.au=Li%2C+Yuan%3BWang%2C+Wei%3BQiu%2C+Xiaofeng%3BSong%2C+Liang%3BMeyer%2C+Harry+M%3BParanthaman%2C+MParans%3BEres%2C+Gyula%3BZhang%2C+Zhenyu%3BGu%2C+Baohua&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Yuan&rft.date=2011-11-02&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=148&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Catalysis+B%3A+Environmental&rft.issn=09263373&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apcatb.2011.08.037 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-10-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.08.037 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of neutron irradiation on nanoclusters in MA957 ferritic alloys AN - 918065641; 16136500 AB - The effects of neutron irradiation to a dose of 3 dpa at 600 degree C and creep for 38,555 h at 800 degree C on the microstructure of a commercial MA957 alloy were investigated by atom probe tomography. The size, number density and composition of the 2-nm-diameter Ti-, Y-, O-enriched nanoclusters were similar in the unirradiated, crept and neutron irradiated conditions indicating that the microstructure of this nanostructured ferritic alloy has remarkable tolerance to radiation damage. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Miller, M K AU - Hoelzer, D T AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37871-6136, USA, millermk@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/11// PY - 2011 DA - Nov 2011 SP - 307 EP - 310 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 418 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Ferrous alloys KW - Superalloys KW - MA957 KW - Irradiation KW - creep KW - Radioactive materials KW - Alloys KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918065641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Effect+of+neutron+irradiation+on+nanoclusters+in+MA957+ferritic+alloys&rft.au=Miller%2C+M+K%3BHoelzer%2C+D+T&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2011-11-01&rft.volume=418&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2011.07.031 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - creep; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Alloys DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.07.031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular dynamics study of influence of vacancy types defects on thermal conductivity of beta -SiC AN - 918052595; 16136483 AB - A molecular dynamics technique has been used to study the impact of single vacancies and small vacancy clusters/microvoids on thermal conductivity of Si and beta -SiC. It is found that single vacancies reduce thermal conductivity more significantly than do microvoids with the same total number of vacancies in the crystal. The vacancy concentration dependence of the relative change of thermal resistivity of both Si and SiC changes from linear at low concentrations to square-root at higher values. In contrast, the dependence on the volume fraction of microvoids switches from square-root at small swelling values to nearly linear dependence at higher swelling. In the case of SiC the results obtained for vacancies and microvoids agree reasonably well with experimental values. The computational results are compared with the commonly used Debye-Callaway model. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Samolyuk, G D AU - Golubov, SI AU - Osetsky, Y N AU - Stoller, R E AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA, samolyukgd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/11// PY - 2011 DA - Nov 2011 SP - 174 EP - 181 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 418 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - thermal conductivity KW - Radioactive materials KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918052595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Molecular+dynamics+study+of+influence+of+vacancy+types+defects+on+thermal+conductivity+of+beta+-SiC&rft.au=Samolyuk%2C+G+D%3BGolubov%2C+SI%3BOsetsky%2C+Y+N%3BStoller%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Samolyuk&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2011-11-01&rft.volume=418&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=174&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2011.06.036 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - thermal conductivity; Radioactive materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.06.036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct observation of ion-irradiation-induced chemical mixing AN - 918047263; 16068195 AB - Irradiation-induced dissolution of particles and mixing at heterogeneous interfaces in materials is of importance for ion beam processing and radiation materials sciences. Modeling has predicted dissolution of particles and homogenization at sharp chemical interfaces; imaging and depth profiling techniques have also been used to observe damage and mixing resulting from ion or neutron bombardment. Analytical scanning transmission electron microscopy has been used to directly observe the ion-irradiation induced elemental mixing and dissolution of ~25--50 nm titanium oxycarbonitrides in a nanostructured ferritic alloy irradiated at 173 K. The magnitude of the mixed zone is consistent with radiation damage theory. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Parish, C M AU - Edmondson, P D AU - Zhang, Y AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6064, USA Y1 - 2011/11// PY - 2011 DA - Nov 2011 SP - 106 EP - 109 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 418 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Titanium KW - Radioactive materials KW - Microscopy KW - Alloys KW - Particulates KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918047263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Direct+observation+of+ion-irradiation-induced+chemical+mixing&rft.au=Parish%2C+C+M%3BEdmondson%2C+P+D%3BZhang%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Parish&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2011-11-01&rft.volume=418&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2011.07.035 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002231151100746X?_rdoc=14&_fmt=high&_origin=browse&_srch=hubEid(1-s2.0-S0022311511X00235)&_docanchor=&_ct=40&_refLink=Y&_zone=rslt_list_item&md5=2c6ae308369cdf13ded94e1aadc36219 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Titanium; Microscopy; Radioactive materials; Alloys; Particulates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.07.035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combustion and emission characteristics of converging group-hole nozzle under lean engine operating conditions AN - 918046533; 15706576 AB - This paper describes the combustion and emission characteristics of converging group-hole nozzles and compares the results to those of a single hole nozzle with the same overall nozzle exit hole area. Engine experiments were performed using a single-cylinder diesel engine operating under overall lean conditions (i.e., equivalence ratio 0.45). The considered nozzle configurations in the experiments included a converging group-hole nozzle (cGHN) with 3 degree converging angle, 0.090 mm hole diameter, and a single hole nozzle (SHN) of 0.128 mm hole diameter. The CFD calculations used the KIVA engine simulation code integrated with a Gasjet superposition model. Using the validated calculation models, the test conditions were also expanded to consider wider converging angle cGHNs (up to 12 degree ). The results show that the evaporation of sprays from the cGHN-3 degree nozzle is more delayed than that of the SHN case and the cGHNs entrain more ambient gas due to smaller droplet sizes in the outer spray periphery. In addition, an increase in the converging angle of the cGHNs promotes fuel evaporation and produces a more homogeneous fuel-air mixture. JF - Fuel AU - Park, Sungwook AU - Reitz, Rolf D AU - Kim, Junghwan Y1 - 2011/11// PY - 2011 DA - Nov 2011 SP - 3259 EP - 3267 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 90 IS - 11 SN - 0016-2361, 0016-2361 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Converging group-hole nozzle KW - Gasjet superposition model KW - Combustion and emissions KW - Evaporation KW - Fuels KW - Sprays KW - Emissions KW - Simulation KW - Diesel engines KW - Combustion KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918046533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fuel&rft.atitle=Combustion+and+emission+characteristics+of+converging+group-hole+nozzle+under+lean+engine+operating+conditions&rft.au=Park%2C+Sungwook%3BReitz%2C+Rolf+D%3BKim%2C+Junghwan&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Sungwook&rft.date=2011-11-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fuel&rft.issn=00162361&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fuel.2011.06.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Evaporation; Fuels; Sprays; Emissions; Simulation; Diesel engines; Combustion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.06.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HPC-EPIC for high resolution simulations of environmental and sustainability assessment AN - 915484958; 16076934 AB - Multiple concerns over the impact of wide scale changes in land management have motivated comprehensive analyses of environmental sustainability of food and biofuel production. These call for high-resolution land management tools that enable comprehensive analyses of natural resources for decision-making. The agroecosystem simulation models with the most biophysical detail are point models, which often have a user interface that allows users to provide inputs and examine results for agricultural field scale analyses. These are not able to meet the needs of high-resolution regional or national simulations. We describe an efficient computational approach for deployment of the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) model at high-resolution spatial scales using high performance computing (HPC) techniques. We developed an integrated procedure for executing the millions of simulations required for high-resolution, regional studies, and also address building databases for model initialization, model forcing data, and model outputs. We first ported EPIC from Windows to an HPC platform and validated output from both platforms. We then developed methods of packaging simulations for efficient, unattended parallel execution on the HPC cluster. The job queuing system, Portable Batch System (PBS) is employed to control job submission. Simulation outputs are extracted to PostgreSQL database for analysis. In a case study covering four counties in central Wisconsin using HPC-EPIC, we finished over 140K simulations in a total of 10h on an HPC cluster using 20 nodes. This is a speedup of 40 times. More nodes could be used to achieve larger speedups. The HPC-EPIC model developed in this study is anticipated to provide information useful for high-resolution land use management and decision making. The framework for high-performance computing can be extended to other traditional, point-based biophysical simulation models. JF - Computers and Electronics in Agriculture AU - Nichols, J AU - Kang, S AU - Post, W AU - Wang, D AU - Bandaru, V AU - Manowitz, D AU - Zhang, X AU - Izaurralde, R AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, nicholsja2@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/11// PY - 2011 DA - Nov 2011 SP - 112 EP - 115 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 79 IS - 2 SN - 0168-1699, 0168-1699 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - EPIC model KW - High-resolution spatial simulation KW - Sustainability assessment modeling KW - Agroecosystem KW - High performance computing (HPC) KW - Fuel technology KW - spatial distribution KW - Land management KW - Natural resources KW - biofuels KW - Simulation KW - sustainability KW - agricultural land KW - USA, Wisconsin KW - Packaging KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/915484958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+and+Electronics+in+Agriculture&rft.atitle=HPC-EPIC+for+high+resolution+simulations+of+environmental+and+sustainability+assessment&rft.au=Nichols%2C+J%3BKang%2C+S%3BPost%2C+W%3BWang%2C+D%3BBandaru%2C+V%3BManowitz%2C+D%3BZhang%2C+X%3BIzaurralde%2C+R&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2011-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+and+Electronics+in+Agriculture&rft.issn=01681699&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.compag.2011.08.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - spatial distribution; Fuel technology; Land management; Natural resources; biofuels; Simulation; agricultural land; sustainability; Packaging; USA, Wisconsin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2011.08.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources of corn for ethanol production in the United States: a decomposition analysis of the empirical data AN - 1017973304; 16718877 AB - The use of corn for ethanol production in the United States quintupled between 2001 and 2009, generating concerns that this could lead to the conversion of forests and grasslands around the globe, known as indirect land-use change (iLUC). Estimates of iLUC and related 'food versus fuel' concerns rest on the assumption that the corn used for ethanol production in the United States would come primarily from displacing corn exports and land previously used for other crops. A number of modeling efforts based on these assumptions have projected significant iLUC from the increases in the use of corn for ethanol production. The current study tests the veracity of these assumptions through a systematic decomposition analysis of the empirical data from 2001 to 2009. The logarithmic mean divisia index decomposition method (Type I) was used to estimate contributions of different factors to meeting the corn demand for ethanol production. Results show that about 79% of the change in corn used for ethanol production can be attributed to changes in the distribution of domestic corn consumption among different uses. Increases in the domestic consumption share of corn supply contributed only about 5%. The remaining contributions were 19% from added corn production, and -2% from stock changes. Yield change accounted for about two-thirds of the contributions from production changes. Thus, the results of this study provide little support for large land-use changes or diversion of corn exports because of ethanol production in the United States during the past decade. ? 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd JF - Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining AU - Oladosu, Gbadebo AU - Kline, Keith AU - Uria-Martinez, Rocio AU - Eaton, Laurence Y1 - 2011/11// PY - 2011 DA - Nov 2011 SP - 640 EP - 653 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 5 IS - 6 SN - 1932-1031, 1932-1031 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Grasslands KW - Data processing KW - Fuels KW - Food KW - Forests KW - Refining KW - Decomposition KW - Biofuels KW - Crops KW - Ethanol KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1017973304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.atitle=Sources+of+corn+for+ethanol+production+in+the+United+States%3A+a+decomposition+analysis+of+the+empirical+data&rft.au=Oladosu%2C+Gbadebo%3BKline%2C+Keith%3BUria-Martinez%2C+Rocio%3BEaton%2C+Laurence&rft.aulast=Oladosu&rft.aufirst=Gbadebo&rft.date=2011-11-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=640&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.issn=19321031&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbbb.305 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bbb.305/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Grasslands; Data processing; Food; Fuels; Forests; Refining; Decomposition; Crops; Biofuels; Ethanol DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.305 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Asset Revitalization for Cleaned-up Department of Energy Sites T2 - 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2011) AN - 1312963260; 6078856 JF - 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2011) AU - Robinson, Sharon Y1 - 2011/10/16/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Oct 16 KW - Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312963260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2011+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2011%29&rft.atitle=Asset+Revitalization+for+Cleaned-up+Department+of+Energy+Sites&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Sharon&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.date=2011-10-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2011+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.aiche.org/conferences/annualmeeting/meetingprogram/2011topical.aspx LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scientific analysis is essential to assess biofuel policy effects: In response to the paper by Kim and Dale on 'Indirect land-use change for biofuels: Testing predictions and improving analytical methodologies' AN - 902376788; 15910157 AB - Land-use change (LUC) estimated by economic models has sparked intense international debate. Models estimate how much LUC might be induced under prescribed scenarios and rely on assumptions to generate LUC values. It is critical to test and validate underlying assumptions with empirical evidence. Furthermore, this modeling approach cannot answer if any specific indirect effects are actually caused by biofuel policy. The best way to resolve questions of causation is via scientific methods. Kim and Dale attempt to address the question of if, rather than how much, market-induced land-use change is currently detectable based on the analysis of historic evidence, and in doing so, explore some modeling assumptions behind the drivers of change. Given that there is no accepted approach to estimate the global effects of biofuel policy on land-use change, it is critical to assess the actual effects of policies through careful analysis and interpretation of empirical data. Decision makers need a valid scientific basis for policy decisions on energy choices. JF - Biomass and Bioenergy AU - Kline, Keith L AU - Oladosu, Gbadebo A AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - McBride, Allen C AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, klinekl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/10/15/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Oct 15 SP - 4488 EP - 4491 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 35 IS - 10 SN - 0961-9534, 0961-9534 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biofuels KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902376788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomass+and+Bioenergy&rft.atitle=Scientific+analysis+is+essential+to+assess+biofuel+policy+effects%3A+In+response+to+the+paper+by+Kim+and+Dale+on+%27Indirect+land-use+change+for+biofuels%3A+Testing+predictions+and+improving+analytical+methodologies%27&rft.au=Kline%2C+Keith+L%3BOladosu%2C+Gbadebo+A%3BDale%2C+Virginia+H%3BMcBride%2C+Allen+C&rft.aulast=Kline&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2011-10-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=4488&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomass+and+Bioenergy&rft.issn=09619534&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biombioe.2011.08.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biofuels DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.08.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanical properties of advanced SiC fiber composites irradiated at very high temperatures AN - 918068864; 16136449 AB - Six different composite materials of various near-stoichiometric silicon carbide (SiC) fiber reinforcements and pyrolytic carbon or SiC/pyrolytic carbon multilayer interphases were neutron-irradiated to ~6 x 10 super(25 n/m) super(2) (E > 0.1 MeV) at nominal temperatures of 800 degree C and 1300 degree C, and tested for tensile properties at room temperature. Only insignificant or very minor modifications to the tensile strength were realized. However, statistical analysis on relatively large specimen populations revealed minor but statistically significant strength degradation for some composites. From 50 to 150 nm appeared to be within the optimum PyC interphase thickness range for the SiC fibers used in terms of tensile properties. The misfit stresses present in the unirradiated samples were significantly reduced after irradiation. The change in misfit stress may be attributed to the irradiation-induced modification of coefficient of thermal expansion or potential differential swelling between the fibers and the matrix. True matrix cracking stress estimated from the proportional limit stress and misfit stress did not appear to degrade by neutron irradiation. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Katoh, Yutai AU - Ozawa, Kazumi AU - Hinoki, Tatsuya AU - Choi, Yongbum AU - Snead, Lance L AU - Hasegawa, Akira AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA, hinoki@iae.kyoto-u.ac.jp Y1 - 2011/10/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Oct 01 SP - 416 EP - 420 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 417 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fibers KW - Silicon KW - composite materials KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Stress KW - high temperature KW - thermal expansion KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918068864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Mechanical+properties+of+advanced+SiC+fiber+composites+irradiated+at+very+high+temperatures&rft.au=Katoh%2C+Yutai%3BOzawa%2C+Kazumi%3BHinoki%2C+Tatsuya%3BChoi%2C+Yongbum%3BSnead%2C+Lance+L%3BHasegawa%2C+Akira&rft.aulast=Katoh&rft.aufirst=Yutai&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=417&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=416&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2011.02.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fibers; Silicon; composite materials; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Stress; high temperature; thermal expansion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.02.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Silicon carbide composites as fusion power reactor structural materials AN - 918067136; 16136465 AB - Silicon carbide was first proposed as a low activation fusion reactor material in the mid 1970s. However, serious development of this material did not begin until the early 1990s, driven by the emergence of composite materials that provided enhanced toughness and an implied ability to use these typically brittle materials in engineering application. In the decades that followed, SiC composite system was successfully transformed from a poorly performing curiosity into a radiation stable material of sufficient maturity to be considered for near term nuclear and non-nuclear systems. In this paper the recent progress in the understanding and of basic phenomenon related to the use of SiC and SiC composite in fusion applications will be presented. This work includes both fundamental radiation effects in SiC and engineering issues such as joining and general materials properties. Additionally, this paper will briefly discuss the technological gaps remaining for the practical application of this material system in fusion power devices such as DEMO and beyond. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Snead, L L AU - Nozawa, T AU - Ferraris, M AU - Katoh, Y AU - Shinavski, R AU - Sawan, M AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, SneadLL@ORNL.gov Y1 - 2011/10/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Oct 01 SP - 330 EP - 339 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 417 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Silicon KW - composite materials KW - Nuclear reactors KW - maturity KW - Radioactive materials KW - Fusion reactors KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918067136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Silicon+carbide+composites+as+fusion+power+reactor+structural+materials&rft.au=Snead%2C+L+L%3BNozawa%2C+T%3BFerraris%2C+M%3BKatoh%2C+Y%3BShinavski%2C+R%3BSawan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Snead&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=417&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=330&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2011.03.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Silicon; maturity; Nuclear reactors; composite materials; Radioactive materials; Fusion reactors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.03.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prospects for accelerated development of high performance structural materials AN - 918065313; 16136472 AB - We present an overview of key aspects for development of steels for fission and fusion energy applications, by linking material fabrication to thermo-mechanical properties through a physical understanding of microstructure evolution. Numerous design constraints (e.g. reduced activation, low ductile-brittle transition temperature, low neutron-induced swelling, good creep resistance, and weldability) need to be considered, which in turn can be controlled through material composition and processing techniques. Recent progress in the development of high-performance steels for fossil and fusion energy systems is summarized, along with progress in multiscale modeling of mechanical behavior in metals. Prospects for future design of optimum structural steels in nuclear applications by utilization of the hierarchy of multiscale experimental and computational strategies are briefly described. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Zinkle, Steven J AU - Ghoniem, Nasr M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, zinklesj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/10/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Oct 01 SP - 2 EP - 8 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 417 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Metals KW - creep KW - transition temperatures KW - Radioactive materials KW - Steel KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918065313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Prospects+for+accelerated+development+of+high+performance+structural+materials&rft.au=Zinkle%2C+Steven+J%3BGhoniem%2C+Nasr+M&rft.aulast=Zinkle&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=417&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2011.05.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; creep; Radioactive materials; transition temperatures; Steel DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.05.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of neutron irradiation on fracture resistance of advanced SiC/SiC composites AN - 918065076; 16136219 AB - In order to identify the neutron irradiation effects on fracture resistance of advanced SiC/SiC composites, unloading-reloading single edge notched bend tests were conducted and an analytical model based on non-linear fracture mechanics was applied. As a result of the analysis, energy release rate contributed by macro-crack initiation of 3.1 kJ/m super(2 for both unirradiated and irradiated advanced SiC/SiC composites (Hi-Nicalon Type-S (0 degree /90 degree plain woven)/multilayer/chemically vapor infiltration) is estimated. This result indicates no significant degradation in fracture resistance after neutron irradiation to 5.9 x 10) super(2)5 n/m super(2 at 800 degree C.) JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Ozawa, Kazumi AU - Katoh, Yutai AU - Nozawa, Takashi AU - Snead, Lance L AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA, ozawak@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/10/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Oct 01 SP - 411 EP - 415 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 417 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Vapors KW - composite materials KW - Degradation KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Infiltration KW - plains KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918065076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Effect+of+neutron+irradiation+on+fracture+resistance+of+advanced+SiC%2FSiC+composites&rft.au=Ozawa%2C+Kazumi%3BKatoh%2C+Yutai%3BNozawa%2C+Takashi%3BSnead%2C+Lance+L&rft.aulast=Ozawa&rft.aufirst=Kazumi&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=417&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.12.085 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vapors; composite materials; Degradation; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Infiltration; plains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.12.085 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of coatings on the compatibility of Fe-Cr steels with Pb-Li AN - 918063705; 16136384 AB - To inhibit the dissolution and mass transfer of ferritic-martensitic steels in Pb-Li above 500 degree C, the behavior of Al-rich diffusion coatings was explored in isothermal capsule exposures. After 1 kh at 600 degree C or 700 degree C, thin (~40 mu m) coatings made by chemical vapor deposition significantly reduced the mass loss of commercial Fe-9Cr-2 W substrates. At both temperatures, the surface reaction product was LiAlO sub(2) but at 700 degree C a significant Al depletion occurred in the coating reducing the surface Al content from ~18 at.% to 600 degree C. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Pint, BA AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6156, USA, pintba@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/10/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Oct 01 SP - 1195 EP - 1199 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 417 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Austenitic stainless steels KW - Ferritic stainless steels KW - Fe-9Cr-2W KW - Metals KW - Vapors KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Alloys KW - Diffusion KW - Steel KW - Lead KW - Coatings KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918063705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+coatings+on+the+compatibility+of+Fe-Cr+steels+with+Pb-Li&rft.au=Pint%2C+BA&rft.aulast=Pint&rft.aufirst=BA&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=417&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=1195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.12.286 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Vapors; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Alloys; Diffusion; Steel; Lead; Coatings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.12.286 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of high performance cast stainless steels for ITER shield module applications AN - 918063648; 16136286 AB - Casting of austenitic stainless steels offers the possibility of directly producing large and/or relatively complex structures, such as the first wall shield modules or the divertor cassette for the ITER, which may lead to simpler component fabrication and major cost savings. Past efforts to use cast steel for these large components were unsuccessful due to lower than acceptable strength in the test components. To improve and validate cast stainless steel as a substitute for wrought stainless steel for shield module applications, a series of test cast steels based on the commercially available CF3M specification have been designed and fabricated. These modifications utilize combinations of Mn and N, which result in significant increases in strength, fracture toughness, and impact properties. These mechanical performance improvements have been achieved without any loss of irradiation performance, corrosion performance, or weldability. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Busby, J T AU - Maziasz, P J AU - Rowcliffe, A F AU - Santella, M AU - Sokolov, M AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, busbyjt@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/10/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Oct 01 SP - 866 EP - 869 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 417 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Corrosion KW - Steel KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918063648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Development+of+high+performance+cast+stainless+steels+for+ITER+shield+module+applications&rft.au=Busby%2C+J+T%3BMaziasz%2C+P+J%3BRowcliffe%2C+A+F%3BSantella%2C+M%3BSokolov%2C+M&rft.aulast=Busby&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=417&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=866&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.12.152 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Corrosion; Steel DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.12.152 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stability of 3-D carbon fiber composite to high neutron fluence AN - 918062190; 16136233 AB - The dimensional stability, elastic modulus, and flexural strength of a high quality, three-dimensional balanced weave carbon fiber composite has been evaluated over a range of neutron fluence to ~32 dpa at ~800 degree C. Results indicate that while the composite exhibits continuous strengthening over this dose range, this occurs with measurable loss of mass, increased volume, and for the highest dose studied, a large reduction in elastic modulus. While the balanced-weave composite was orthogonally isotropic, a significant anisotropic dimensional change occurred under irradiation. Dimensional change was dominated by fiber dimensional change and the overall shrinkage or swelling in a direction was determined by the extent to which intrinsic fiber shrinkage was capable of restraining swelling of matrix and fiber bundles. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Snead, L L AU - Katoh, Y AU - Ozawa, K AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, SneadLL@ORNL.gov Y1 - 2011/10/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Oct 01 SP - 629 EP - 632 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 417 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fibers KW - composite materials KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918062190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Stability+of+3-D+carbon+fiber+composite+to+high+neutron+fluence&rft.au=Snead%2C+L+L%3BKatoh%2C+Y%3BOzawa%2C+K&rft.aulast=Snead&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=417&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=629&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.12.099 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fibers; composite materials; Irradiation; Radioactive materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.12.099 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atomistic studies of formation and diffusion of helium clusters and bubbles in BCC iron AN - 918052524; 16136350 AB - In fusion applications, helium created by transmutation plays an important role in the response of reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels to neutron radiation damage. We have performed extensive atomistic simulations using the ORNL three-body Fe-He interatomic potential combined with three interatomic potentials for the iron matrix. Some of the results obtained are summarized in this review. Interstitial helium is very mobile and coalesces together to form interstitial clusters. We have investigated the mobility of these clusters. When an interstitial He cluster reaches sufficient size, it punches out an Fe interstitial, creating an immobile helium-vacancy cluster. If more helium atoms join it, more Fe interstitials can be created; the He-V defect is a nascent bubble. These mechanisms are investigated together in simulations that examine the nucleation of He defects. Mobile interstitial He clusters and helium bubbles 1-6 nm across are also simulated separately. Results are compared based on temperature and interatomic potentials used. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Stewart, David AU - Osetskiy, Yuri AU - Stoller, Roger AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA, stewartdm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/10/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Oct 01 SP - 1110 EP - 1114 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 417 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Mobility KW - Reviews KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Helium KW - Simulation KW - Diffusion KW - Steel KW - Iron KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918052524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Atomistic+studies+of+formation+and+diffusion+of+helium+clusters+and+bubbles+in+BCC+iron&rft.au=Stewart%2C+David%3BOsetskiy%2C+Yuri%3BStoller%2C+Roger&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=417&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=1110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.12.217 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mobility; Reviews; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Simulation; Helium; Diffusion; Steel; Iron DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.12.217 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An atomistic study of helium resolution in bcc iron AN - 918052520; 16136349 AB - The evolution of gas-stabilized bubbles in irradiated materials can be a significant factor in the microstructural processes that lead to mechanical property and dimensional changes in structural materials exposed to high-energy neutrons. Helium generation and accumulation is particularly important under DT fusion irradiation conditions. Although the process of ballistic resolutioning of gas from bubbles has been long-discussed in the literature, there have been few computational studies of this mechanism. Resolutioning could limit bubble growth by ejecting gas atoms back into the metal matrix. A detailed atomistic study of ballistic He resolutioning from bubbles in bcc iron has been carried out using molecular dynamics. A newly-developed Fe-He interatomic potential was employed, with the iron matrix described by the potential of Ackland and co-workers from 1997. The primary variables examined were: irradiation temperature (100 and 600 K), iron knock-on atom energy (5 and 20 keV), bubble radius (~0.5 and 1.0 nm), and He-to-vacancy ratio in the bubble (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0) in order to obtain an assessment of this dynamic resolutioning mechanism. The results presented here focus on the 5 keV cascades which indicate a modest, but potentially significant level of He removal by this process. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Stoller, Roger E AU - Stewart, David M AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA, rkn@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/10/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Oct 01 SP - 1106 EP - 1109 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 417 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Metals KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Helium KW - Iron KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918052520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=An+atomistic+study+of+helium+resolution+in+bcc+iron&rft.au=Stoller%2C+Roger+E%3BStewart%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Stoller&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=417&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=1106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.12.216 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Helium; Iron DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.12.216 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concentric ring on ring test for unirradiated and irradiated miniature SiC specimens AN - 918049439; 16136217 AB - The flexure strength of miniature disk specimens was evaluated for both the unirradiated and irradiated CVD SiC by equibiaxial flexural test developed in this work. The results for the unirradiated specimens indicated no stress magnification at the loading point, which is often concerned in the biaxial tests for the disk specimens. Although the strength was retained after the irradiation at 1100 and 1300 degree C, ~20% of reduction was observed for the samples irradiated at 1500 degree C. It is clearly seen that the smooth cleavage of large grains were frequently observed in the sample irradiated at 1500 degree C comparing to specimens irradiated at lower temperatures. A substantially lower population of finer defect clusters such as loops, vacancy, and vacancy clusters may be attributed to the inhibition of the strengthening at the higher irradiation temperatures. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Kondo, Sosuke AU - Katoh, Yutai AU - Snead, Lance L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, USA, kondo@iae.kyoto-u.ac.jp Y1 - 2011/10/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Oct 01 SP - 406 EP - 410 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 417 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Stress KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918049439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Concentric+ring+on+ring+test+for+unirradiated+and+irradiated+miniature+SiC+specimens&rft.au=Kondo%2C+Sosuke%3BKatoh%2C+Yutai%3BSnead%2C+Lance+L&rft.aulast=Kondo&rft.aufirst=Sosuke&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=417&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=406&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.12.083 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Stress DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.12.083 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Landscape Influences on Headwater Streams on Fort Stewart, Georgia, USA AN - 899171567; 15690254 AB - Military landscapes represent a mixture of undisturbed natural ecosystems, developed areas, and lands that support different types and intensities of military training. Research to understand water-quality influences of military landscapes usually involves intensive sampling in a few watersheds. In this study, we developed a survey design of accessible headwater watersheds intended to improve our ability to distinguish land-water relationships in general, and training influences, in particular, on Fort Stewart, GA. We sampled and analyzed water from watershed outlets. We successfully developed correlative models for total suspended solids (TSS), total nitrogen (TN), organic carbon (OC), and organic nitrogen (ON), which dominated in this blackwater ecosystem. TSS tended to be greater in samples after rainfall and during the growing season, and models that included %Wetland suggested a "build-and-flush" relationship. We also detected a positive association between TSS and tank-training, which suggests a need to intercept sediment-laden runoff from training areas. Models for OC showed a negative association with %Grassland. TN and ON both showed negative associations with %Grassland, %Wetland, and %Forest. Unexpected positive associations were observed between OC and equipment-training activity and between ON and %Bare ground + Roads. Future studies that combine our survey-based approach with more intensive monitoring of the timing and intensity of training would be needed to better understand the mechanisms for these empirical relationships involving military training. Looking beyond local effects on Fort Stewart streams, we explore questions about how exports of OC and nitrogen from coastal military installations ultimately influence estuaries downstream. JF - Environmental Management AU - Jager, Henriette I AU - Bevelhimer, Mark S AU - King, Roy L AU - Smith, Katy A AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6036, USA Y1 - 2011/10// PY - 2011 DA - Oct 2011 SP - 795 EP - 807 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 48 IS - 4 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Ecosystems KW - Rainfall KW - Organic carbon KW - Forests KW - Malaria KW - Watersheds KW - Streams KW - Models KW - Carbon KW - Wetlands KW - Sampling KW - Military KW - Topography KW - Growing season KW - Organic nitrogen KW - Training KW - Estuaries KW - Landscape KW - USA, Georgia KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - Grasslands KW - Runoff KW - Nitrogen KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/899171567?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Landscape+Influences+on+Headwater+Streams+on+Fort+Stewart%2C+Georgia%2C+USA&rft.au=Jager%2C+Henriette+I%3BBevelhimer%2C+Mark+S%3BKing%2C+Roy+L%3BSmith%2C+Katy+A&rft.aulast=Jager&rft.aufirst=Henriette&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=795&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-011-9722-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Organic nitrogen; Organic carbon; Wetlands; Suspended particulate matter; Watersheds; Streams; Runoff; Rainfall; Landscape; Estuaries; Forests; Malaria; Models; Grasslands; Carbon; Sampling; Nitrogen; Growing season; Ecosystems; Topography; Training; Military; USA, Georgia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-011-9722-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A study of lithium ion intercalation induced fracture of silicon particles used as anode material in Li-ion battery AN - 1777127606; 15614373 AB - The fracture of Si particles due to internal stresses formed during the intercalation of lithium ions was described by means of a thermal analogy model and brittle fracture damage parameter. The stresses were calculated following the diffusion equation and equations of elasticity with an appropriate volumetric expansion term. The results were compared with the acoustic emission data from the experiments on electrochemical cycling of Li ion half-cells with silicon electrodes. A good correlation between experiment and prediction was observed. The results of computations with different particle sizes show the existence of a critical size below which fracture during the lithiation is not expected to occur. Such a critical size appears to be within micrometer scale. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Kalnaus, S AU - Rhodes, K AU - Daniel, C Y1 - 2011/10/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Oct 01 SP - 8116 EP - 8124 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 196 IS - 19 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Lithium ion battery KW - Anode KW - Damage KW - Fracture KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Silicon KW - Mathematical models KW - Electrodes KW - Battery KW - Intercalation KW - Micrometers KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777127606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=A+study+of+lithium+ion+intercalation+induced+fracture+of+silicon+particles+used+as+anode+material+in+Li-ion+battery&rft.au=Kalnaus%2C+S%3BRhodes%2C+K%3BDaniel%2C+C&rft.aulast=Kalnaus&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=196&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=8116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2011.05.049 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.05.049 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of the Differential Evolution Method to Solving Inverse Transport Problems AN - 1671329065; 16005012 AB - The differential evolution method, a powerful stochastic optimization algorithm that mimics the process of evolution in nature, is applied to inverse transport problems with several unknown parameters of mixed types, including interface location identification, source composition identification, and material mass density identification, in spherical and cylindrical radioactive source/shield systems. In spherical systems, measurements of leakages of discrete gamma-ray lines are assumed, while in cylindrical systems, measurements of scalar fluxes of discrete lines at points outside the system are assumed. The performance of the differential evolution algorithm is compared to the Levenberg-Marquardt method, a standard gradient-based technique, and the covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy, another stochastic technique, on a variety of numerical test problems with several (i.e., three or more) unknown parameters. Numerical results indicate that differential evolution is the most adept method for finding the global optimum for these problems. In spherical geometry, differential evolution implemented serially is run-time competitive with gradient-based methods, while a parallel version of differential evolution would be run-time competitive with gradient-based techniques in cylindrical geometry. A hybrid differential evolution/Levenberg-Marquardt method is also introduced, and numerical results indicate that it can be a fast and robust optimizer for inverse transport problems. JF - Nuclear Science and Engineering AU - Bledsoe, Keith C AU - Favorite, Jeffrey A AU - Aldemir, Tunc AD - Los Alamos National Laboratory, XCP-7, MS P365, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 bledsoekc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/10// PY - 2011 DA - Oct 2011 SP - 208 EP - 221 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc., 555 N. Kensington Ave. La Grange Park IL 60525 United States VL - 169 IS - 2 SN - 0029-5639, 0029-5639 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Mathematical models KW - Transport KW - Inverse KW - Algorithms KW - Run time (computers) KW - Differential geometry KW - Stochasticity KW - Evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671329065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Science+and+Engineering&rft.atitle=Application+of+the+Differential+Evolution+Method+to+Solving+Inverse+Transport+Problems&rft.au=Bledsoe%2C+Keith+C%3BFavorite%2C+Jeffrey+A%3BAldemir%2C+Tunc&rft.aulast=Bledsoe&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=169&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Science+and+Engineering&rft.issn=00295639&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A service oriented Web-based system for finding and retrieving geological data AN - 1371766998; 2013-051390 AB - Mercury http://mercury.ornl.gov/http://mercury.ornl.gov is a set of tools for federated harvesting, searching, and retrieving biogeochemical metadata. Mercury toolset provides orders of magnitude improvements in search speed, support for additional metadata formats, integration with Google Maps for spatial queries, faceted type search, support for RSS (Really Simple Syndication) delivery of search results, and enhanced customization to meet the needs of the multiple projects that use Mercury. It provides a single portal to very quickly search for data and information contained in disparate data management systems, each of which may use different metadata formats including FGDC, Dublin-Core, Darwin-Core, EML, and ISO-19115. Mercury harvests metadata and key data from contributing project servers distributed around the world and builds a centralized index. The search interfaces then allow the users to perform a variety of fielded, spatial, and temporal searches across these metadata sources. This centralized repository of metadata with distributed data sources provides extremely fast search results to the user, while allowing data providers to advertise the availability of their data and maintain complete control and ownership of that data. Mercury is being used in 14 different projects across 4 federal agencies. It was originally developed for NASA, with continuing development funded by NASA, USGS, and DOE for a consortium of projects. References: [1] R. Devarakonda, G. Palanisamy, B. E. Wilson, J. M. Green, "Mercury: reusable metadata management, data discovery and access system, Mercury: reusable metadata management, data discovery and access system", Earth Science Informatics, v. 3, n. 1, p. 87-94, 2010 [2] R. Devarakonda, G. Palanisamy, J. M. Green, B. E. Wilson, "Data sharing and retrieval using OAI-PMH", Earth Science Informatics, v. 4 n. 1, p. 1-5, 2010 [3] R. Devarakonda, G. Palanisamy, J. Green, "Next-Generation Search Engines for Information Retrieval", International Journal of Software Engineering (IJSE), v. 2, n. 1, p. 131, 2011 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Devarakonda, Ranjeet AU - Palanisamy, Giri AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/10// PY - 2011 DA - October 2011 SP - 631 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 43 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - World Wide Web KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1371766998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=A+service+oriented+Web-based+system+for+finding+and+retrieving+geological+data&rft.au=Devarakonda%2C+Ranjeet%3BPalanisamy%2C+Giri%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Devarakonda&rft.aufirst=Ranjeet&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=631&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2011 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-27 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data acquisition; data processing; World Wide Web ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sol-gel synthesis of nanocrystalline fayalite (Fe (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) ) AN - 1371762886; 2013-049022 AB - Fayalite (Fe (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) ), and other Fe-rich olivine, is often found in the reducing environments of the Moon, Mars, and other extraterrestrial bodies, but the oxidation state of the terrestrial mantle restricts the amount of Fe found in olivine on Earth. For this reason, synthetic fayalite is needed for use in planetary-analog and other studies. Here we present a method for the synthesis of nanocrystalline fayalite (nanofayalite) using a sol-gel technique. Iron(II) chloride, sodium ethoxide, and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) were reacted to produce a precursor gel, which was subsequently calcined under reducing conditions to crystallize nanofayalite. Powder X-ray diffraction analyses indicate that the produced nanofayalite is nearly pure, with minor amounts (0.5-3%) of metallic Fe in some batches. Scanning electron microscope images of nanofayalite crystals show euhedral to subhedral crystals that range in size between 100 and 150 nm. Estimates of specific surface area were determined by both the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Langmuir adsorption methods and indicate average surface areas of 27.7 m (super 2) /g and 45.3 m (super 2) /g, respectively. Regulation of the redox environment was the critical challenge for this synthesis, but careful control of oxygen fugacity during reactant addition and mixing, sol-gel drying, and calcination ensured fayalite crystallization. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - DeAngelis, Michael T AU - Rondinone, Adam J AU - Pawel, Michelle D AU - Labotka, Theodore C AU - Anovitz, Lawrence AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/10// PY - 2011 DA - October 2011 SP - 597 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 43 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - silicates KW - oxidation KW - olivine group KW - adsorption KW - iron KW - fugacity KW - nesosilicates KW - fayalite KW - mixing KW - metals KW - orthosilicates KW - nanofayalite KW - crystallization KW - Eh KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1371762886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Sol-gel+synthesis+of+nanocrystalline+fayalite+%28Fe+%28sub+2%29+SiO+%28sub+4%29+%29&rft.au=DeAngelis%2C+Michael+T%3BRondinone%2C+Adam+J%3BPawel%2C+Michelle+D%3BLabotka%2C+Theodore+C%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=DeAngelis&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2011 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-27 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; crystallization; Eh; fayalite; fugacity; iron; metals; mixing; nanofayalite; nesosilicates; olivine group; orthosilicates; oxidation; silicates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The chemotaxis-like Che1 pathway has an indirect role in adhesive cell properties of Azospirillum brasilense AN - 1348481568; 15929817 AB - The Azospirillum brasilense chemotaxis-like Che1 signal transduction pathway was recently shown to modulate changes in adhesive cell surface properties that, in turn, affect cell-to-cell aggregation and flocculation behaviors rather than flagellar-mediated chemotaxis. Attachment to surfaces and root colonization may be functions related to flocculation. Here, the conditions under which A. brasilense wild-type Sp7 and che1 mutant strains attach to abiotic and biotic surfaces were examined using in vitro attachment and biofilm assays combined with atomic force microscopy and confocal microscopy. The nitrogen source available for growth is found to be a major modulator of surface attachment by A. brasilense and could be promoted in vitro by lectins, suggesting that it depends on interaction with surface-exposed residues within the extracellular matrix of cells. However, Che1-dependent signaling is shown to contribute indirectly to surface attachment, indicating that distinct mechanisms are likely underlying flocculation and attachment to surfaces in A. brasilense. JF - FEMS Microbiology Letters AU - Siuti, Piro AU - Green, Calvin AU - Edwards, Amanda Nicole AU - Doktycz, Mitchel J AU - Alexandre, Gladys AD - Biosciences Division. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2011/10// PY - 2011 DA - Oct 2011 SP - 105 EP - 112 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 323 IS - 2 SN - 0378-1097, 0378-1097 KW - Chemoreception Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Cell surface KW - Nitrogen sources KW - atomic force microscopy KW - Roots KW - Lectins KW - Flocculation KW - Chemotaxis KW - Cell adhesion KW - Colonization KW - Aggregation behavior KW - Extracellular matrix KW - Confocal microscopy KW - Azospirillum brasilense KW - Biofilms KW - Signal transduction KW - R 18003:Chemotaxis KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1348481568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.atitle=The+chemotaxis-like+Che1+pathway+has+an+indirect+role+in+adhesive+cell+properties+of+Azospirillum+brasilense&rft.au=Siuti%2C+Piro%3BGreen%2C+Calvin%3BEdwards%2C+Amanda+Nicole%3BDoktycz%2C+Mitchel+J%3BAlexandre%2C+Gladys&rft.aulast=Siuti&rft.aufirst=Piro&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=323&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.issn=03781097&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1574-6968.2011.02366.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell surface; Nitrogen sources; atomic force microscopy; Roots; Lectins; Flocculation; Chemotaxis; Cell adhesion; Colonization; Aggregation behavior; Extracellular matrix; Confocal microscopy; Biofilms; Signal transduction; Azospirillum brasilense DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2011.02366.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proteogenomics; understanding microbial community function during uranium bioremediation AN - 1011394081; 2012-045404 AB - While it is known that indigenous microbial communities can be stimulated to transform and remediate a range of environmental contaminants through carbon substrate amendment, community response can be complex. Recent advancements in genomic sequencing technologies make it possible to couple community genomics (metagenomics) with proteomics to assess whole community function and better inform bioremediation strategies. Current research at the Rifle IFRC site aims to highlight this point. Proteogenomic analyses of groundwater and sediment communities during acetate stimulated Fe(III), sulfate and uranium reduction, has yielded new insights into biogeochemical cycling, and the function of multiple novel taxa. Near-complete and partial bacterial genomes were reconstructed from metagenomic data generated using 454 and Illumina platforms. Proteomes were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and spectra were searched against peptides predicted from genomic sequences. Communities enriched during Fe(III) reduction contained Geobacter spp., uncultivated candidate divisions (e.g. BD1-5, OD1, OP11), Proteoboacteria, Bacteriodetes, Chloroflexi and Spirochaetes. While Geobacter are well characterized Fe(III) and U(VI) reducers, genomics suggest the other novel bacteria are capable of acetate utilization, glycolysis, anaerobic fermentation, and sulfite and nitrate reduction. Peptides also revealed use of an alternate genetic code by candidate division BD1-5. In comparison, analysis of Desulfobacter- (FC09-1), Sulfurovum- (FC09-2) and Sulfurimonas-like (FC09-3) organisms that dominate the sulfate-reducing community, revealed the expression of proteins used in sulfate reduction (Dsr and APS) and nitrogen-fixation (Nif) by FC09-1, and nitrate, nitrite, and nitrous oxide reduction (Nap, Nir, and Nos) and the sulfur oxidation (Sox proteins) by FC09-2 and FC09-3. These results indicate a feedback loop between sulfate reduction and nitrate-dependent sulfur oxidation. As such, including geochemical characterizations of these processes in future experimental designs at the site would likely improve geochemical models. Sulfur oxidation may also have implications for uranium mobility post-reduction owing to spatial association of U(IV) with sulfide minerals. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Handley, Kim M AU - Wrighton, Kelly C AU - Wilkins, Michael J AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - VerBerkmoes, Nathan C AU - Thomas, Brian C AU - Sharon, Itai AU - Hettich, Robert AU - Long, Philip E AU - Banfield, Jill F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/10// PY - 2011 DA - October 2011 SP - 230 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 43 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - esters KW - acetates KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - genome KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - genetics KW - waste management KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - sediments KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - water pollution KW - actinides KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1011394081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Proteogenomics%3B+understanding+microbial+community+function+during+uranium+bioremediation&rft.au=Handley%2C+Kim+M%3BWrighton%2C+Kelly+C%3BWilkins%2C+Michael+J%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BVerBerkmoes%2C+Nathan+C%3BThomas%2C+Brian+C%3BSharon%2C+Itai%3BHettich%2C+Robert%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BBanfield%2C+Jill+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Handley&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2011AM/finalprogram/abstract_197855.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2011 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetates; actinides; bioremediation; esters; genetics; genome; ground water; metals; microorganisms; organic compounds; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; remediation; sediments; uranium; waste disposal; waste management; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controlling the velocity of jumping nanodroplets via their initial shape and temperature. AN - 894817222; 21800918 AB - Controlling the movement of nanoscale objects is a significant goal of nanotechnology. Dewetting-induced ejection of nanodroplets could provide another means of achieving that goal. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the dewetting-induced ejection of nanoscale liquid copper nanostructures that were deposited on a graphitic substrate. Nanostructures in the shape of a circle, square, equilateral, and isosceles triangle dewet and form nanodroplets that are ejected from the substrate with a velocity that depends on the initial shape and temperature. The dependence of the ejected velocity on shape is ascribed to the temporal asymmetry of the mass coalescence during the droplet formation; the dependence on temperature is ascribed to changes in the density and viscosity. The results suggest that dewetting induced by nanosecond laser pulses could be used to control the velocity of ejected nanodroplets. JF - ACS nano AU - Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel AU - Rhodes, Bradley H AU - Baskes, Michael I AU - Terrones, Humberto AU - Fowlkes, Jason D AU - Simpson, Michael L AU - Rack, Philip D AD - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, and Computer Sciences and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6494, USA. fuentescabma@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/09/27/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Sep 27 SP - 7130 EP - 7136 VL - 5 IS - 9 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/894817222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=Controlling+the+velocity+of+jumping+nanodroplets+via+their+initial+shape+and+temperature.&rft.au=Fuentes-Cabrera%2C+Miguel%3BRhodes%2C+Bradley+H%3BBaskes%2C+Michael+I%3BTerrones%2C+Humberto%3BFowlkes%2C+Jason+D%3BSimpson%2C+Michael+L%3BRack%2C+Philip+D&rft.aulast=Fuentes-Cabrera&rft.aufirst=Miguel&rft.date=2011-09-27&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=7130&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fnn2018254 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2012-01-25 N1 - Date created - 2011-09-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn2018254 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Singular Value Decomposition Utilizing Parallel Algorithms on Graphical Processors T2 - OCEANS 2011 MTS/IEEE (OCEANS 2011) AN - 1312939275; 6036166 JF - OCEANS 2011 MTS/IEEE (OCEANS 2011) AU - Kotas, Charlotte AU - Barhen, Jacob Y1 - 2011/09/19/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Sep 19 KW - Decomposition KW - Algorithms KW - Degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312939275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=OCEANS+2011+MTS%2FIEEE+%28OCEANS+2011%29&rft.atitle=Singular+Value+Decomposition+Utilizing+Parallel+Algorithms+on+Graphical+Processors&rft.au=Kotas%2C+Charlotte%3BBarhen%2C+Jacob&rft.aulast=Kotas&rft.aufirst=Charlotte&rft.date=2011-09-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=OCEANS+2011+MTS%2FIEEE+%28OCEANS+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.oceans11mtsieeekona.org/technical_program.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A biokinetic model for manganese AN - 1671414165; 15619647 AB - The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is updating its biokinetic models used to derive dose coefficients and assess bioassay data for intake of radionuclides. This paper reviews biokinetic data for manganese and proposes a biokinetic model for systemic manganese in adult humans. The proposed model provides a more detailed and physiologically meaningful description of the behavior of absorbed manganese in the body than the current ICRP model. The proposed model and current ICRP model yield broadly similar estimates of dose per unit activity of inhaled or ingested radio-manganese but differ substantially with regard to interpretation of bioassay data. The model is intended primarily for use in radiation protection but can also serve as a baseline model for evaluation of potentially excessive intakes of stable manganese in occupational settings. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Leggett, R W Y1 - 2011/09/15/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Sep 15 SP - 4179 EP - 4186 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 409 IS - 20 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Estimates KW - Mathematical models KW - Occupational KW - Human KW - Intakes KW - Adults KW - Manganese KW - Bioassay UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671414165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=A+biokinetic+model+for+manganese&rft.au=Leggett%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2011-09-15&rft.volume=409&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=4179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2011.07.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.07.003 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Importance of Behavior in Fish Passage (and Bycatch Reduction?) T2 - 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2011) AN - 1313068940; 6075400 JF - 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2011) AU - Coutant, Charles Y1 - 2011/09/04/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Sep 04 KW - Fish KW - Mortality KW - Fishways KW - By catch KW - Environmental protection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313068940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2011+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2011%29&rft.atitle=Importance+of+Behavior+in+Fish+Passage+%28and+Bycatch+Reduction%3F%29&rft.au=Coutant%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Coutant&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2011-09-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2011+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://afs.confex.com/afs/2011/webprogram/meeting.html#2011-09-05 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Scientific Paradigm for Shaping Seasonal Flows to Favor Salmon and Energy T2 - 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2011) AN - 1312982753; 6076014 JF - 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2011) AU - Jager, Henriette Y1 - 2011/09/04/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Sep 04 KW - Seasonal variations KW - Salmon KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Energy KW - Anadromous species KW - Salmonidae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312982753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2011+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2011%29&rft.atitle=A+Scientific+Paradigm+for+Shaping+Seasonal+Flows+to+Favor+Salmon+and+Energy&rft.au=Jager%2C+Henriette&rft.aulast=Jager&rft.aufirst=Henriette&rft.date=2011-09-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2011+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://afs.confex.com/afs/2011/webprogram/meeting.html#2011-09-05 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Modeling Probability of Encounter of Freshwater and Marine Organisms with Hydrokinetic Devices in Riverine and Ocean Currents T2 - 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2011) AN - 1312958636; 6073723 JF - 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2011) AU - Schweizer, Peter AU - Cada, Glenn AU - Bevelhimer, S Y1 - 2011/09/04/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Sep 04 KW - Marine organisms KW - ocean currents KW - Oceans UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312958636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2011+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2011%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+Probability+of+Encounter+of+Freshwater+and+Marine+Organisms+with+Hydrokinetic+Devices+in+Riverine+and+Ocean+Currents&rft.au=Schweizer%2C+Peter%3BCada%2C+Glenn%3BBevelhimer%2C+S&rft.aulast=Schweizer&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2011-09-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2011+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://afs.confex.com/afs/2011/webprogram/meeting.html#2011-09-05 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Behavioral Responses of Paddlefish, Lake Sturgeon, and Fathead Minnows to Electromagnetic Fields T2 - 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2011) AN - 1312931647; 6073733 JF - 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2011) AU - Bevelhimer, Mark AU - Fortner, Allison AU - Cada, Glenn AU - Riemer, Kristina Y1 - 2011/09/04/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Sep 04 KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - Lakes KW - Freshwater fish KW - Acipenser UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312931647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2011+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2011%29&rft.atitle=Behavioral+Responses+of+Paddlefish%2C+Lake+Sturgeon%2C+and+Fathead+Minnows+to+Electromagnetic+Fields&rft.au=Bevelhimer%2C+Mark%3BFortner%2C+Allison%3BCada%2C+Glenn%3BRiemer%2C+Kristina&rft.aulast=Bevelhimer&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2011-09-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2011+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://afs.confex.com/afs/2011/webprogram/meeting.html#2011-09-05 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indicators to support environmental sustainability of bioenergy systems AN - 918053041; 16181438 AB - Indicators are needed to assess environmental sustainability of bioenergy systems. Effective indicators will help in the quantification of benefits and costs of bioenergy options and resource uses. We identify 19 measurable indicators for soil quality, water quality and quantity, greenhouse gases, biodiversity, air quality, and productivity, building on existing knowledge and on national and international programs that are seeking ways to assess sustainable bioenergy. Together, this suite of indicators is hypothesized to reflect major environmental effects of diverse feedstocks, management practices, and post-production processes. The importance of each indicator is identified. Future research relating to this indicator suite is discussed, including field testing, target establishment, and application to particular bioenergy systems. Coupled with such efforts, we envision that this indicator suite can serve as a basis for the practical evaluation of environmental sustainability in a variety of bioenergy systems. JF - Ecological Indicators AU - McBride, Allen C AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Baskaran, Latha M AU - Downing, Mark E AU - Eaton, Laurence M AU - Efroymson, Rebecca A AU - Garten, Charles T AU - Kline, Keith L AU - Jager, Henriette I AU - Mulholland, Patrick J AU - Parish, Esther S AU - Schweizer, Peter E AU - Storey, John M AD - Center for Bioenergy Sustainability, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, dalevh@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/09// PY - 2011 DA - Sep 2011 SP - 1277 EP - 1289 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 1470-160X, 1470-160X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Bioenergy KW - Biofuel KW - Sustainability KW - Environment KW - Indicator KW - Feedstock KW - water quality KW - biofuels KW - Sustainable development KW - Biological diversity KW - Biodiversity KW - Air quality KW - Water quality KW - Soil KW - Environmental effects KW - sustainability KW - Greenhouse gases KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918053041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Indicators&rft.atitle=Indicators+to+support+environmental+sustainability+of+bioenergy+systems&rft.au=McBride%2C+Allen+C%3BDale%2C+Virginia+H%3BBaskaran%2C+Latha+M%3BDowning%2C+Mark+E%3BEaton%2C+Laurence+M%3BEfroymson%2C+Rebecca+A%3BGarten%2C+Charles+T%3BKline%2C+Keith+L%3BJager%2C+Henriette+I%3BMulholland%2C+Patrick+J%3BParish%2C+Esther+S%3BSchweizer%2C+Peter+E%3BStorey%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=McBride&rft.aufirst=Allen&rft.date=2011-09-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Indicators&rft.issn=1470160X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecolind.2011.01.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Environmental effects; Biodiversity; Water quality; Greenhouse gases; water quality; biofuels; Biological diversity; Sustainable development; Air quality; sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.01.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Challenges of the utilization of wood polymers: how can they be overcome? AN - 910679083; 15605285 AB - Diminishing fossil fuel resources as well as growing environmental and energy security concerns, in parallel with growing demands on raw materials and energy, have intensified global efforts to utilize wood biopolymers as a renewable resource to produce biofuels and biomaterials. Wood is one of the most abundant biopolymer composites on earth that can be converted into biofuels as well as used as a platform to produce bio-based materials. The major biopolymers in wood are cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin which account for >90% of dry weight. These polymers are generally associated with each other in wood cell walls resulting in an intricate and dynamic cell wall structure. This mini-review provides an overview of major wood biopolymers, their structure, and recent developments in their utilization to develop biofuels. Advances in genetic modifications to overcome the recalcitrance of woody biomass for biofuels are discussed and point to a promising future. JF - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Pu, Yunqiao AU - Kosa, Matyas AU - Kalluri, Udaya C AU - Tuskan, Gerald A AU - Ragauskas, Arthur J AD - BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge, TN, USA PY - 2011 SP - 1525 EP - 1536 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 91 IS - 6 SN - 0175-7598, 0175-7598 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Sustainable yield KW - Fossil fuels KW - Cellulose KW - Biopolymers KW - Biomass KW - hemicellulose KW - Reviews KW - Energy KW - Lignin KW - Biomaterials KW - Biofuels KW - Cell walls KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/910679083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Challenges+of+the+utilization+of+wood+polymers%3A+how+can+they+be+overcome%3F&rft.au=Pu%2C+Yunqiao%3BKosa%2C+Matyas%3BKalluri%2C+Udaya+C%3BTuskan%2C+Gerald+A%3BRagauskas%2C+Arthur+J&rft.aulast=Pu&rft.aufirst=Yunqiao&rft.date=2011-09-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01757598&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00253-011-3350-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sustainable yield; Fossil fuels; Energy; Reviews; Lignin; Cellulose; Biomaterials; Biopolymers; Biomass; Biofuels; hemicellulose; Cell walls DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-011-3350-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate Change Modeling: Computational Opportunities and Challenges AN - 902367832; 15619823 AB - High-fidelity climate models are the workhorses of modern climate change sciences. In this article, the authors focus on several computational issues associated with climate change modeling, covering simulation methodologies, temporal and spatial modeling restrictions, the role of high-end computing, as well as the importance of data-driven regional climate impact modeling. JF - Computing in Science & Engineering AU - Wang, Dali AU - Post, Wilfred AU - Wilson, Bruce AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2011/09// PY - 2011 DA - September 2011 SP - 36 EP - 42 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., USA United States VL - 13 IS - 5 SN - 1521-9615, 1521-9615 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Climate change KW - Simulation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902367832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computing+in+Science+%26+Engineering&rft.atitle=Climate+Change+Modeling%3A+Computational+Opportunities+and+Challenges&rft.au=Wang%2C+Dali%3BPost%2C+Wilfred%3BWilson%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Dali&rft.date=2011-09-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computing+in+Science+%26+Engineering&rft.issn=15219615&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FMCSE.2010.147 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; Simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MCSE.2010.147 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial growth phase influences methylmercury production by the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ND132 AN - 899169902; 15583416 AB - The effect of bacterial growth phase is an aspect of mercury (Hg) methylation that previous studies have not investigated in detail. Here we consider the effect of growth phase (mid-log, late-log and late stationary phase) on Hg methylation by the known methylator Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ND132. We tested the addition of Hg alone (chloride-complex), Hg with Suwannee River natural organic matter (SRNOM) (unequilibrated), and Hg equilibrated with SRNOM on monomethylmercury (MMHg) production by ND132 over a growth curve in pyruvate-fumarate media. This NOM did not affect MMHg production even under very low Hg:SRNOM ratios, where Hg binding is predicted to be dominated by high energy sites. Adding Hg or Hg-NOM to growing cultures 24h before sampling (late addition) resulted in ~2 greater net fraction of Hg methylated than for comparably aged cultures exposed to Hg from the initial culture inoculation (early addition). Mid- and late-log phase cultures produced similar amounts of MMHg, but late stationary phase cultures (both under early and late Hg addition conditions) produced up to ~3 more MMHg, indicating the potential importance of growth phase in studies of MMHg production. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Biswas, Abir AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Miller, Carrie L AU - Mosher, Jennifer J AU - Yin, Xiangping L AU - Drake, Meghan M Y1 - 2011/09/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Sep 01 SP - 3943 EP - 3948 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 409 IS - 19 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Chlorophylls KW - Environmental factors KW - USA, Florida, Suwannee R. KW - stationary phase KW - Growth KW - Growth curves KW - Dimethylmercury KW - Sampling KW - Media (culture) KW - Rivers KW - Bacteria KW - Methylmercury KW - Methyl mercury KW - Organic matter KW - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans KW - Energy KW - Inoculation KW - Mercury KW - Methylation KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/899169902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Bacterial+growth+phase+influences+methylmercury+production+by+the+sulfate-reducing+bacterium+Desulfovibrio+desulfuricans+ND132&rft.au=Biswas%2C+Abir%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BMiller%2C+Carrie+L%3BMosher%2C+Jennifer+J%3BYin%2C+Xiangping+L%3BDrake%2C+Meghan+M&rft.aulast=Biswas&rft.aufirst=Abir&rft.date=2011-09-01&rft.volume=409&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=3943&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2011.06.037 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methyl mercury; Chlorophylls; Growth; Growth curves; Organic matter; Mercury; Environmental factors; Rivers; stationary phase; Energy; Dimethylmercury; Inoculation; Sampling; Methylation; Media (culture); Methylmercury; Bacteria; Desulfovibrio desulfuricans; USA, Florida, Suwannee R. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.06.037 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the utility of identification schemes for digital earth science data; an assessment and recommendations AN - 1464883725; 2013-094545 AB - In recent years, a number of data identification technologies have been developed which purport to permanently identify digital objects. In this paper, nine technologies and systems for assigning persistent identifiers are assessed for their applicability to Earth science data (ARKs, DOIs, XRIs, Handles, LSIDs, OIDs, PURLs, URIs/URNs/URLs, and UUIDs). The evaluation used four use cases that focused on the suitability of each scheme to provide Unique Identifiers for Earth science data objects, to provide Unique Locators for the objects, to serve as Citable Locators, and to uniquely identify the scientific contents of data objects if the data were reformatted. Of all the identifier schemes assessed, the one that most closely meets all of the requirements for an Unique Identifier is the UUID scheme. Any of the URL/URI/IRI-based identifier schemes assessed could be used for Unique Locators. Since there are currently no strong market leaders to help make the choice among them, the decision must be based on secondary criteria. While most publications now allow the use of URLs in citations, so that all of the URL/URI/IRI based identification schemes discussed in this paper could potentially be used as a Citable Locator, DOIs are the identification scheme currently adopted by most commercial publishers. None of the identifier schemes assessed here even minimally address identification of scientifically identical numerical data sets under reformatting. Copyright 2011 Springer-Verlag JF - Earth Science Informatics AU - Duerr, Ruth E AU - Downs, Robert R AU - Tilmes, Curt AU - Barkstrom, Bruce AU - Lenhardt, W Christopher AU - Glassy, Joseph AU - Bermudez, Luis E AU - Slaughter, Peter Y1 - 2011/09// PY - 2011 DA - September 2011 SP - 139 EP - 160 PB - Springer, Heidelberg-Berlin VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 1865-0473, 1865-0473 KW - Archival Resource Keys KW - digital data KW - citable locators KW - Life Sciences Unique Identifiers KW - data handling KW - unique identifiers KW - data processing KW - data KW - URLs KW - data reformatting KW - URNs KW - ARKs KW - unique locators KW - data management KW - Universally Unique Identifiers KW - PURLs KW - Persistent Uniform Resource Locators KW - information technology KW - geoscience KW - data bases KW - permanent identifiers KW - Object Identifiers KW - XRIs KW - UUIDs KW - digital identifiers KW - registration KW - information management KW - Digital Object Identifiers KW - LSIDs KW - OIDs KW - URIs KW - Uniform Resource Identifiers KW - Handle System KW - DOIs KW - identification KW - Uniform Resource Names KW - information systems KW - Uniform Resource Locators KW - Extensible Resource Identifiers KW - Handles KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464883725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+Science+Informatics&rft.atitle=On+the+utility+of+identification+schemes+for+digital+earth+science+data%3B+an+assessment+and+recommendations&rft.au=Duerr%2C+Ruth+E%3BDowns%2C+Robert+R%3BTilmes%2C+Curt%3BBarkstrom%2C+Bruce%3BLenhardt%2C+W+Christopher%3BGlassy%2C+Joseph%3BBermudez%2C+Luis+E%3BSlaughter%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Duerr&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft.date=2011-09-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+Science+Informatics&rft.issn=18650473&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12145-011-0083-6 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1865-0481 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 105 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Archival Resource Keys; ARKs; citable locators; data; data bases; data handling; data management; data processing; data reformatting; digital data; digital identifiers; Digital Object Identifiers; DOIs; Extensible Resource Identifiers; geoscience; Handle System; Handles; identification; information management; information systems; information technology; Life Sciences Unique Identifiers; LSIDs; Object Identifiers; OIDs; permanent identifiers; Persistent Uniform Resource Locators; PURLs; registration; Uniform Resource Identifiers; Uniform Resource Locators; Uniform Resource Names; unique identifiers; unique locators; Universally Unique Identifiers; URIs; URLs; URNs; UUIDs; XRIs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12145-011-0083-6 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Firing range soils yield a diverse fungal community capable of pb-mineral solubilization and organic acid secretion T2 - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AN - 1313068450; 6098477 JF - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AU - Sullivan-Guest, T AU - Schadt, C AU - Basta, N AU - Jardine, P Y1 - 2011/08/07/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Aug 07 KW - Soil KW - Organic acids KW - Secretion KW - organic acids KW - Solubilization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313068450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.atitle=Firing+range+soils+yield+a+diverse+fungal+community+capable+of+pb-mineral+solubilization+and+organic+acid+secretion&rft.au=Sullivan-Guest%2C+T%3BSchadt%2C+C%3BBasta%2C+N%3BJardine%2C+P&rft.aulast=Sullivan-Guest&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2011-08-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.esa.org/austin/info/2011_ESA_Annual_Meeting_%28Austin%29_program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The consequences of deeper rooting distributions under elevated [CO2]: Testing a conceptual model T2 - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AN - 1313052362; 6099068 JF - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AU - Iversen, C AU - Keller, J AU - Garten Jr., C Y1 - 2011/08/07/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Aug 07 KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Rooting KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313052362?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.atitle=The+consequences+of+deeper+rooting+distributions+under+elevated+%5BCO2%5D%3A+Testing+a+conceptual+model&rft.au=Iversen%2C+C%3BKeller%2C+J%3BGarten+Jr.%2C+C&rft.aulast=Iversen&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2011-08-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.esa.org/austin/info/2011_ESA_Annual_Meeting_%28Austin%29_program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Carbon dynamics in an oldfield ecosystem: Was a multi-factor experiment the best approach for revealing responses to atmospheric and climatic change? T2 - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AN - 1313045965; 6098101 JF - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AU - Norby, R AU - Weltzin, J AU - Kardol, P AU - Iversen, C AU - Wan, S AU - Garten Jr., C AU - Classen, A Y1 - 2011/08/07/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Aug 07 KW - Carbon KW - Climatic changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313045965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.atitle=Carbon+dynamics+in+an+oldfield+ecosystem%3A+Was+a+multi-factor+experiment+the+best+approach+for+revealing+responses+to+atmospheric+and+climatic+change%3F&rft.au=Norby%2C+R%3BWeltzin%2C+J%3BKardol%2C+P%3BIversen%2C+C%3BWan%2C+S%3BGarten+Jr.%2C+C%3BClassen%2C+A&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2011-08-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.esa.org/austin/info/2011_ESA_Annual_Meeting_%28Austin%29_program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Towards better-constrained assessments of the carbon balance of North America in the 21st Century: A comparison of recent model and inventory-based estimates T2 - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AN - 1313045839; 6097823 JF - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AU - Hayes, D AU - Turner, D AU - Stinson, G AU - Wei, Y AU - West, T AU - deJong, B AU - McGuire, A AU - Cook, R AU - Post III, W Y1 - 2011/08/07/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Aug 07 KW - North America KW - Carbon KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313045839?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.atitle=Towards+better-constrained+assessments+of+the+carbon+balance+of+North+America+in+the+21st+Century%3A+A+comparison+of+recent+model+and+inventory-based+estimates&rft.au=Hayes%2C+D%3BTurner%2C+D%3BStinson%2C+G%3BWei%2C+Y%3BWest%2C+T%3BdeJong%2C+B%3BMcGuire%2C+A%3BCook%2C+R%3BPost+III%2C+W&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2011-08-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.esa.org/austin/info/2011_ESA_Annual_Meeting_%28Austin%29_program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Ecophysiology of woody plants in an ombrotrophic spruce bog - potential impacts with climate change T2 - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AN - 1313042276; 6099638 JF - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AU - Warren, J AU - Childs, J AU - Gunderson, C AU - Hanson, P AU - Wullschleger, S Y1 - 2011/08/07/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Aug 07 KW - Woody plants KW - Climatic changes KW - ecophysiology KW - Ecophysiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313042276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.atitle=Ecophysiology+of+woody+plants+in+an+ombrotrophic+spruce+bog+-+potential+impacts+with+climate+change&rft.au=Warren%2C+J%3BChilds%2C+J%3BGunderson%2C+C%3BHanson%2C+P%3BWullschleger%2C+S&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2011-08-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.esa.org/austin/info/2011_ESA_Annual_Meeting_%28Austin%29_program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The potential of technological innovations to cope with threats to biodiversity T2 - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AN - 1313040897; 6098336 JF - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AU - Cada, G Y1 - 2011/08/07/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Aug 07 KW - Innovations KW - Biological diversity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313040897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.atitle=The+potential+of+technological+innovations+to+cope+with+threats+to+biodiversity&rft.au=Cada%2C+G&rft.aulast=Cada&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2011-08-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.esa.org/austin/info/2011_ESA_Annual_Meeting_%28Austin%29_program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Impacts of environmental and atmospheric changes on carbon storage and exchange in upland deciduous forests: Current patterns and future possibilities T2 - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AN - 1313011600; 6098098 JF - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AU - Hanson, P AU - Wullschleger, S AU - Norby, R AU - Gunderson, C Y1 - 2011/08/07/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Aug 07 KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Deciduous forests KW - Climatic changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313011600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+environmental+and+atmospheric+changes+on+carbon+storage+and+exchange+in+upland+deciduous+forests%3A+Current+patterns+and+future+possibilities&rft.au=Hanson%2C+P%3BWullschleger%2C+S%3BNorby%2C+R%3BGunderson%2C+C&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2011-08-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.esa.org/austin/info/2011_ESA_Annual_Meeting_%28Austin%29_program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Delineating a hierarchal definition of marginal land using simulation results T2 - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AN - 1312991002; 6100307 JF - 96th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2011) AU - Kang, S AU - Post III, W AU - Nichols, J AU - Wang, D AU - Izaurralde, C AU - West, T AU - Bandaru, P AU - Zhang, X AU - Manowitz, D AU - Thomson, A Y1 - 2011/08/07/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Aug 07 KW - Simulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312991002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.atitle=Delineating+a+hierarchal+definition+of+marginal+land+using+simulation+results&rft.au=Kang%2C+S%3BPost+III%2C+W%3BNichols%2C+J%3BWang%2C+D%3BIzaurralde%2C+C%3BWest%2C+T%3BBandaru%2C+P%3BZhang%2C+X%3BManowitz%2C+D%3BThomson%2C+A&rft.aulast=Kang&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2011-08-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=96th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.esa.org/austin/info/2011_ESA_Annual_Meeting_%28Austin%29_program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ separation of root hydraulic redistribution of soil water from liquid and vapor transport AN - 968183682; 16469633 AB - Nocturnal increases in water potential ( psi ) and water content ([thetas]) in the upper soil profile are often attributed to root water efflux, a process termed hydraulic redistribution (HR). However, unsaturated liquid or vapor flux of water between soil layers independent of roots also contributes to the daily recovery in [thetas] ( Delta [thetas]), confounding efforts to determine the actual magnitude of HR. We estimated liquid (J sub(l)) and vapor (J sub(v)) soil water fluxes and their impacts on quantifying HR in a seasonally dry ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forest by applying existing datasets of psi , [thetas] and temperature (T) to soil water transport equations. As soil drying progressed, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity declined rapidly such that J sub(l) was irrelevant (<2E-05 mm h super(-1) at 0-60 cm depths) to total water flux by early August. Vapor flux was estimated to be the highest in upper soil (0-15 cm), driven by large T fluctuations, and confounded the role of HR, if any, in nocturnal [thetas] dynamics. Within the 15-35 cm layer, J sub(v) contributed up to 40% of hourly increases in nocturnal soil moisture. While both HR and net soil water flux between adjacent layers contribute to [thetas] in the 15-65 cm soil layer, HR was the dominant process and accounted for at least 80% of the daily recovery in [thetas]. The absolute magnitude of HR is not easily quantified, yet total diurnal fluctuations in upper soil water content can be quantified and modeled, and remain highly applicable for establishing the magnitude and temporal dynamics of total ecosystem water flux. JF - Oecologia AU - Warren, Jeffrey M AU - Brooks, JRenee AU - Dragila, Maria I AU - Meinzer, Frederick C AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6301, USA, warrenjm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/08// PY - 2011 DA - Aug 2011 SP - 899 EP - 911 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 166 IS - 4 SN - 0029-8549, 0029-8549 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - Mathematical models KW - Pinus ponderosa KW - Water potential KW - Roots KW - Drying KW - Forests KW - Soil temperature KW - Water content KW - Vapors KW - Soil profiles KW - Soil moisture KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/968183682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=In+situ+separation+of+root+hydraulic+redistribution+of+soil+water+from+liquid+and+vapor+transport&rft.au=Warren%2C+Jeffrey+M%3BBrooks%2C+JRenee%3BDragila%2C+Maria+I%3BMeinzer%2C+Frederick+C&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2011-08-01&rft.volume=166&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=899&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oecologia&rft.issn=00298549&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00442-011-1953-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydraulics; Vapors; Mathematical models; Soil profiles; Water potential; Soil temperature; Forests; Drying; Roots; Soil moisture; Water content; Pinus ponderosa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-1953-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical processes governing the fate and transport of chromium(III) and chromium(VI) in soils AN - 911676757; 2012-004902 AB - Chromium has served as an exceptional and necessary elemental component of many industrial processes and consumer products. Its prevalence in the global environment as both a dissolved and wind-borne constituent has prompted concern during the last several decades due to the large migration potential and biological toxicity of various Cr chemical species. The objective of this study was to develop an improved understanding and predictive capability of the rates and mechanisms of competing geochemical redox and sorption reactions that govern the fate and transport of Cr(III) and C(VI) in heterogeneous subsurface environments. Batch and miscible displacement experiments, coupled with solid-phase spectroscopy methods, were utilized to quantify the interaction of Cr with subsurface materials acquired from three geographically distinct locations within the continental United States that represented soils from different Department of Energy facilities known to have issues regarding Cr contamination. Soil chemical and mineralogical properties were found to be important factors controlling the mechanisms of Cr-solid phase interactions, with many of the reactive processes being time dependent. Both sorption and redox reactions impacted Cr(III)- and Cr(VI)-solid phase interactions and were modeled as nonlinear, nonequilibrium or equilibrium, reversible or nonreversible reactive processes. The research investigations within this study highlight the environmental significance of Cr speciation and solid-phase reactivity in heterogeneous subsurface soil systems with contrasting geochemical and mineralogical properties. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Jardine, P M AU - Mehlhorn, T L AU - Bailey, W B AU - Brooks, S C AU - Fendorf, S AU - Gentry, R W AU - Phelps, T J AU - Saiers, J E Y1 - 2011/08// PY - 2011 DA - August 2011 SP - 1058 EP - 1070 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 10 IS - 3 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - South Carolina KW - Ultisols KW - miscible displacement KW - eastern Tennessee KW - southern South Carolina KW - mechanism KW - Aiken County South Carolina KW - Aiken South Carolina KW - mineral composition KW - transport KW - Tennessee KW - reactive transport KW - valency KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - chromium KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - Washington KW - numerical models KW - physicochemical properties KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - southeastern Washington KW - organic compounds KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - residence time KW - Savannah River Site KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/911676757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Geochemical+processes+governing+the+fate+and+transport+of+chromium%28III%29+and+chromium%28VI%29+in+soils&rft.au=Jardine%2C+P+M%3BMehlhorn%2C+T+L%3BBailey%2C+W+B%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BFendorf%2C+S%3BGentry%2C+R+W%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BSaiers%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2011-08-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1058&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2010.0102 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aiken County South Carolina; Aiken South Carolina; Atlantic Coastal Plain; chemical fractionation; chromium; eastern Tennessee; effluents; geochemistry; Hanford Site; kinetics; mechanism; metals; mineral composition; miscible displacement; numerical models; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; organic compounds; physicochemical properties; pollution; reactive transport; residence time; Savannah River Site; soil pollution; soils; solute transport; South Carolina; southeastern Washington; southern South Carolina; Tennessee; transport; Ultisols; United States; valency; Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2010.0102 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acoustically induced streaming flows near a model cod otolith and their potential implications for fish hearing AN - 893269669; 15669842 AB - The ears of fishes are remarkable sensors for the small acoustic disturbances associated with underwater sound. For example, each ear of the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) has three dense bony bodies (otoliths) surrounded by fluid and tissue, and detects sounds at frequencies from 30 to 500 Hz. Atlantic cod have also been shown to localize sounds. However, how their ears perform these functions is not fully understood. Steady streaming, or time-independent, flows near a 350% scale model Atlantic cod otolith immersed in a viscous fluid were studied to determine if these fluid flows contain acoustically relevant information that could be detected by the ear's sensory hair cells. The otolith was oscillated sinusoidally at various orientations at frequencies of 8-24 Hz, corresponding to an actual frequency range of 280-830 Hz. Phase-locked particle pathline visualizations of the resulting flows give velocity, vorticity, and rate of strain fields over a single plane of this mainly two-dimensional flow. Although the streaming flows contain acoustically relevant information, the displacements due to these flows are likely too small to explain Atlantic cod hearing abilities near threshold. The results, however, may suggest a possible mechanism for detection of ultrasound in some fish species. JF - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Kotas, C W AU - Rogers, PH AU - Yoda, M AD - Center for Engineering Science Advanced Research, Computer Sciences and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6015, USA, charlotte.kotas@gatech.edu Y1 - 2011/08// PY - 2011 DA - Aug 2011 SP - 1049 EP - 1059 VL - 130 IS - 2 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Streaming KW - Acoustic data KW - Sensors KW - Fluid Flow KW - Ear KW - Strain KW - Orientation behaviour KW - Marine fish KW - Scale models KW - Hair cells KW - Fishery surveys KW - Sounds KW - Ultrasound KW - Marine KW - Acoustics KW - Stock assessment KW - Gadus morhua KW - Velocity KW - A, Atlantic KW - Underwater sound KW - Model Studies KW - Otoliths KW - Underwater KW - Scales KW - Vorticity KW - Fish KW - Auditory organs KW - Hearing KW - Fluid flow KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09205:Noise and bioacoustics KW - Y 25150:General/Miscellaneous KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q1 08602:Surveying and prospecting KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/893269669?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Acoustically+induced+streaming+flows+near+a+model+cod+otolith+and+their+potential+implications+for+fish+hearing&rft.au=Kotas%2C+C+W%3BRogers%2C+PH%3BYoda%2C+M&rft.aulast=Kotas&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2011-08-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1049&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/10.1121%2F1.3605295 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Acoustic data; Scale models; Otoliths; Fishery surveys; Stock assessment; Auditory organs; Fluid flow; Orientation behaviour; Streaming; Hair cells; Acoustics; Scales; Ear; Hearing; Ultrasound; Vorticity; Underwater sound; Underwater; Sensors; Fluid Flow; Sounds; Velocity; Fish; Strain; Model Studies; Gadus morhua; A, Atlantic; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3605295 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An experimental study of the diffusion of C and O in calcite in mixed CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O fluid AN - 890670131; 2011-076468 AB - The diffusivity of C and O in calcite in mixed CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O fluid was determined over the range in x (sub CO2) from 1.0 to about 0.2 at 700 degrees C, 100 MPa, with selected experiments conducted at pressures to 250 MPa and temperatures of 600 and 800 degrees C. The diffusivity of C, D (sub C) , varies little with x (sub CO2) , although there is some evidence for a slight increase in D (sub C) from approximately 5X10 (super -18) to approximately 5X10 (super -17) cm (super 2) /s with decreasing x (sub CO2) . Our data and those of others are consistent with a model for D (sub C) varies as 1/f (sub CO2) . Despite the large uncertainty, we observed that the diffusivity of O, D (sub O) , increases from approximately 2X10 (super -16) to approximately 5X10 (super -14) cm (super 2) /s with x (sub CO2) decreasing from 1.0 to 0. There is a good correlation at 700 degrees C between log D (sub O) and log f (sub H2O) regardless of the total pressure, matching the observations of previous workers. The data are consistent with a simple two-component model for the diffusion of O in calcite, one component for diffusion in the presence of CO (sub 2) and one in the presence of H (sub 2) O: D (sub O) =D (sub O) (super CO2) + D (sub O) (super H2O) a (sub H2O) . The activity of H (sub 2) O is relative to the fugacity at 100 MPa, 700 degrees C. D (sub O) (super CO2) is 3.45X10 (super -16) , and D (sub O) (super H2O) is 3.8X10 (super -14) cm (super 2) /s. The data indicate that the rate of diffusion of C and O in calcite is controlled by reactions at the surface of calcite. Adsorption of H (sub 2) O and the creation of vacancies at the surface account for the dependence of the diffusivity on the fugacity of the fluid components. There is little evidence that H itself diffuses into calcite. With this model and the values of D (sub O) in pure CO (sub 2) (Labotka et al. 2000) and in pure H (sub 2) O (Farver 1994), the value of D (sub O) is predicted over the temperature range 600-800 degrees C and p (sub H2O) up to 300 MPa, the range of the data. Calculated closure temperatures for diffusive exchange of O between calcite and fluid are reduced by about 150 degrees C in the presence of an aqueous fluid. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Labotka, T C AU - Cole, D R AU - Fayek, M J AU - Chacko, T Y1 - 2011/08// PY - 2011 DA - August 2011 SP - 1262 EP - 1269 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 96 IS - 8-9 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - pressure KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - fluid phase KW - high pressure KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - calcite KW - carbon KW - carbonates KW - high temperature KW - diffusivity KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/890670131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=An+experimental+study+of+the+diffusion+of+C+and+O+in+calcite+in+mixed+CO+%28sub+2%29+-H+%28sub+2%29+O+fluid&rft.au=Labotka%2C+T+C%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BFayek%2C+M+J%3BChacko%2C+T&rft.aulast=Labotka&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2011-08-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=8-9&rft.spage=1262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam.2011.3738 L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13/C-12; calcite; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbonates; diffusion; diffusivity; experimental studies; fluid phase; high pressure; high temperature; isotope ratios; isotopes; oxygen; pressure; stable isotopes; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2011.3738 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Micro/nanofabricated environments for synthetic biology AN - 888118218; 15586751 AB - A better understanding of how confinement, crowding and reduced dimensionality modulate reactivity and reaction dynamics will aid in the rational and systematic discovery of functionality in complex biological systems. Artificial microfabricated and nanofabricated structures have helped elucidate the effects of nanoscale spatial confinement and segregation on biological behavior, particularly when integrated with microfluidics, through precise control in both space and time of diffusible signals and binding interactions. Examples of nanostructured interfaces for synthetic biology include the development of cell-like compartments for encapsulating biochemical reactions, nanostructured environments for fundamental studies of diffusion, molecular transport and biochemical reaction kinetics, and regulation of biomolecular interactions as functions of microfabricated and nanofabricated topological constraints. JF - Current Opinion in Biotechnology AU - Collier, C Patrick AU - Simpson, Michael L Y1 - 2011/08// PY - 2011 DA - August 2011 SP - 516 EP - 526 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0958-1669, 0958-1669 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Microfluidics KW - Crowding KW - Reviews KW - Kinetics KW - Diffusion KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/888118218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Micro%2Fnanofabricated+environments+for+synthetic+biology&rft.au=Collier%2C+C+Patrick%3BSimpson%2C+Michael+L&rft.aulast=Collier&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2011-08-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=516&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Opinion+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=09581669&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.copbio.2011.05.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Microfluidics; Crowding; Kinetics; Reviews; Diffusion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineral ecophysiological data provide growing evidence for microbial activity in banded-iron formations AN - 884415821; 2011-069056 AB - The phosphorus composition of banded-iron formations (BIFs) has been used as a proxy for Precambrian seawater composition and the paleoeredox state of Earth's surface environment. However, it is unclear whether the phosphorus in BIFs originally entered the sediment as a sorbed component of the iron oxyhydroxide particles, or whether it was incorporated into the biomass of marine phytoplankton. We conducted high-resolution mineral analyses and report here the first detection of an Fe(III) acetate salt, as well as nanocrystals of apatite in association with magnetite, in the 2.48 Ga Dales Gorge Member of the Brockman Iron Formation (a BIF), Hamersley, Western Australia. The clusters of apatite are similar in size and morphology to biogenic apatite crystals resulting from biomass decay in Phanerozoic marine sediments, while the formation of an Fe(III) acetate salt and magnetite not only implies the original presence of biomass in the BIF sediments, but also that organic carbon likely served as an electron donor during bacterial Fe(III) reduction. This study is important because it suggests that phytoplankton may have played a key role in the transfer of phosphorus (and other trace elements) from the photic zone to the seafloor. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Li, Yi-Liang AU - Konhauser, Kurt O AU - Cole, David R AU - Phelps, Tommy J Y1 - 2011/08// PY - 2011 DA - August 2011 SP - 707 EP - 710 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 39 IS - 8 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - crystal form KW - upper Precambrian KW - banded iron formations KW - Paleoproterozoic KW - Western Australia KW - paleo-oceanography KW - crystal growth KW - enzymes KW - iron KW - paleoecology KW - ferric iron KW - sedimentary rocks KW - oxides KW - Australia KW - depositional environment KW - Dales Gorge Member KW - Hamersley Basin KW - esters KW - apatite KW - high-resolution methods KW - experimental studies KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - acetates KW - Precambrian KW - Australasia KW - Brockman Iron Formation KW - Proterozoic KW - phosphorus KW - phosphates KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - iron formations KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - diagenesis KW - proteins KW - nanoparticles KW - microorganisms KW - magnetite KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/884415821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Mineral+ecophysiological+data+provide+growing+evidence+for+microbial+activity+in+banded-iron+formations&rft.au=Li%2C+Yi-Liang%3BKonhauser%2C+Kurt+O%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Yi-Liang&rft.date=2011-08-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=707&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FG32003.1 L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - With GSA Data Repository Item 2011217 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetates; apatite; Australasia; Australia; banded iron formations; biogenic processes; Brockman Iron Formation; chemically precipitated rocks; crystal form; crystal growth; Dales Gorge Member; depositional environment; diagenesis; enzymes; esters; experimental studies; ferric iron; Hamersley Basin; high-resolution methods; iron; iron formations; magnetite; marine environment; metals; microorganisms; nanoparticles; organic compounds; oxides; paleo-oceanography; paleoecology; Paleoproterozoic; phosphates; phosphorus; Precambrian; proteins; Proterozoic; sedimentary rocks; upper Precambrian; Western Australia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G32003.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complete genome sequence and updated annotation of Desulfovibrio alaskensis G20. AN - 880135914; 21685289 AB - Desulfovibrio alaskensis G20 (formerly Desulfovibrio desulfuricans G20) is a Gram-negative mesophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium (SRB), known to corrode ferrous metals and to reduce toxic radionuclides and metals such as uranium and chromium to sparingly soluble and less toxic forms. We present the 3.7-Mb genome sequence to provide insights into its physiology. JF - Journal of bacteriology AU - Hauser, Loren J AU - Land, Miriam L AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Larimer, Frank AU - Keller, Kimberly L AU - Rapp-Giles, Barbara J AU - Price, Morgan N AU - Lin, Monica AU - Bruce, David C AU - Detter, John C AU - Tapia, Roxanne AU - Han, Cliff S AU - Goodwin, Lynne A AU - Cheng, Jan-Fang AU - Pitluck, Samuel AU - Copeland, Alex AU - Lucas, Susan AU - Nolan, Matt AU - Lapidus, Alla L AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Wall, Judy D AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. Y1 - 2011/08// PY - 2011 DA - August 2011 SP - 4268 EP - 4269 VL - 193 IS - 16 KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Desulfovibrio -- physiology KW - Genome, Bacterial KW - Desulfovibrio -- classification KW - Desulfovibrio -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/880135914?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.atitle=Complete+genome+sequence+and+updated+annotation+of+Desulfovibrio+alaskensis+G20.&rft.au=Hauser%2C+Loren+J%3BLand%2C+Miriam+L%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D%3BLarimer%2C+Frank%3BKeller%2C+Kimberly+L%3BRapp-Giles%2C+Barbara+J%3BPrice%2C+Morgan+N%3BLin%2C+Monica%3BBruce%2C+David+C%3BDetter%2C+John+C%3BTapia%2C+Roxanne%3BHan%2C+Cliff+S%3BGoodwin%2C+Lynne+A%3BCheng%2C+Jan-Fang%3BPitluck%2C+Samuel%3BCopeland%2C+Alex%3BLucas%2C+Susan%3BNolan%2C+Matt%3BLapidus%2C+Alla+L%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BWall%2C+Judy+D&rft.aulast=Hauser&rft.aufirst=Loren&rft.date=2011-08-01&rft.volume=193&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=4268&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.issn=1098-5530&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.05400-11 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2011-09-27 N1 - Date created - 2011-07-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - CP000112; GENBANK N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1992 Mar;58(3):850-6 [1575486] BMC Bioinformatics. 2010;11:119 [20211023] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Oct 17;103(42):15280-7 [17030797] J Bacteriol. 1993 Jul;175(13):4121-8 [8320227] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.05400-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome sequence of the mercury-methylating and pleomorphic Desulfovibrio africanus Strain Walvis Bay. AN - 877406074; 21642452 AB - Desulfovibrio africanus strain Walvis Bay is an anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacterium capable of producing methylmercury (MeHg), a potent human neurotoxin. The mechanism of methylation by this and other organisms is unknown. We present the 4.2-Mb genome sequence to provide further insight into microbial mercury methylation and sulfate-reducing bacteria. JF - Journal of bacteriology AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Wall, Judy D AU - Kucken, Amy M AU - Gilmour, Cynthia C AU - Podar, Mircea AU - Brandt, Craig C AU - Teshima, Hazuki AU - Detter, John C AU - Han, Cliff S AU - Land, Miriam L AU - Lucas, Susan AU - Han, James AU - Pennacchio, Len AU - Nolan, Matt AU - Pitluck, Sam AU - Woyke, Tanja AU - Goodwin, Lynne AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Elias, Dwayne A AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. brownsd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/08// PY - 2011 DA - August 2011 SP - 4037 EP - 4038 VL - 193 IS - 15 KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Namibia KW - Methylation KW - Desulfovibrio africanus -- metabolism KW - Desulfovibrio africanus -- isolation & purification KW - Genome, Bacterial KW - Geologic Sediments -- microbiology KW - Desulfovibrio africanus -- genetics KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/877406074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.atitle=Genome+sequence+of+the+mercury-methylating+and+pleomorphic+Desulfovibrio+africanus+Strain+Walvis+Bay.&rft.au=Brown%2C+Steven+D%3BWall%2C+Judy+D%3BKucken%2C+Amy+M%3BGilmour%2C+Cynthia+C%3BPodar%2C+Mircea%3BBrandt%2C+Craig+C%3BTeshima%2C+Hazuki%3BDetter%2C+John+C%3BHan%2C+Cliff+S%3BLand%2C+Miriam+L%3BLucas%2C+Susan%3BHan%2C+James%3BPennacchio%2C+Len%3BNolan%2C+Matt%3BPitluck%2C+Sam%3BWoyke%2C+Tanja%3BGoodwin%2C+Lynne%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BElias%2C+Dwayne+A&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2011-08-01&rft.volume=193&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=4037&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.issn=1098-5530&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.05223-11 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2011-09-26 N1 - Date created - 2011-07-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - AFHE00000000; GENBANK N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2010 Apr;60(Pt 4):880-6 [19661495] Science. 2009 Oct 9;326(5950):236-7 [19815760] J Bacteriol. 2011 Apr;193(8):2078-9 [21357488] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Jun;77(12):3938-51 [21515733] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Sep;69(9):5414-22 [12957930] Pharmacogenomics. 2004 Jun;5(4):433-8 [15165179] J Bacteriol. 1966 Oct;92(4):1122-7 [5927208] Arch Mikrobiol. 1971;80(1):78-86 [5126869] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1993 Jan;59(1):290-5 [8439155] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1998 Jun;64(6):1987-90 [9603804] Nature. 2005 Sep 15;437(7057):376-80 [16056220] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 Jan;72(1):457-64 [16391078] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 Dec;72(12):7919-21 [17056699] J Microbiol Methods. 2009 Oct;79(1):23-31 [19631701] J Bacteriol. 2010 Nov;192(22):6099-100 [20851897] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.05223-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What is greener than a VMT tax? The case for an indexed energy user fee to finance us surface transportation AN - 1777118180; 15160940 AB - Charging highway users per mile has been proposed as a replacement for the US motor fuel tax. A miles traveled user fee, however, does not encourage energy efficiency in vehicle design, purchase and operation, as would a user fee levied on all forms of commercial energy used for transportation and indexed to the average efficiency of vehicles on the road. An indexed roadway user toll on energy would induce two to four times as much reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and petroleum use as a pure mileage fee. However, it is not a substitute for pricing greenhouse gas emissions and would make only a small but useful contribution to reducing petroleum dependence. An indexed energy user fee cannot adequately address the problems of traffic congestion and heavy vehicle cost responsibility but it could be a component of a system of financing surface transportation that would eventually also include time and place specific monitoring of miles traveled for congestion pricing, externality charges and heavy vehicle user fees. JF - Transportation Research, Part D: Transport and Environment AU - Greene, David L AD - Howard H. Baker, Jr. Center for Public Policy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-3340, USA dlgreene@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/08// PY - 2011 DA - August 2011 SP - 451 EP - 458 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 1361-9209, 1361-9209 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Vehicle mile taxation KW - Indexed user tolls on energy KW - Second best environmental pricing KW - Road finance KW - Energy use KW - Air pollution KW - Pricing KW - Transportation KW - Crude oil KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Heavy vehicles KW - Natural gas UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777118180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+Research%2C+Part+D%3A+Transport+and+Environment&rft.atitle=What+is+greener+than+a+VMT+tax%3F+The+case+for+an+indexed+energy+user+fee+to+finance+us+surface+transportation&rft.au=Greene%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2011-08-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+Research%2C+Part+D%3A+Transport+and+Environment&rft.issn=13619209&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.trd.2011.05.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2011.05.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computational Thermodynamics for Interpreting Oxidation of Structural Materials in Supercritical Water AN - 1671461308; 17725561 AB - Supercritical water-cooled reactor (SCWR) is one of the advanced nuclear reactors being developed to meet the soaring energy demand. The corrosion resistance of structural materials used in SCWR becomes one of the major concerns as the operation conditions being raised up to ~600 degree C and ~25 MPa. Oxidation has been observed as the major corrosion behavior. To mitigate the oxidation corrosion, stabilities of metals and oxides need to be understood with respect to environmental temperature and oxygen partial pressure. Computational thermodynamics provides a practical approach to assess phase stabilities of such multi-component multi-variable systems. In this study, calculated phase stability diagrams of alloys and corresponding oxides were used to guide the interpretation of oxidation behaviors of SCW-exposed structural materials. Examples include ferritic-martensitic steel, austenitic steels and Ni-base alloy, e.g., HCM12A (Fe-12Cr), D9 (Fe-15Cr-15Ni), 800H (Fe-21Cr-32Ni), and 690 (Ni-30Cr-10Fe). Calculated results are in good overall consistence with the experimental data. AU - Tan, Lizhen AU - Yang, Ying AU - Allen, Todd AU - Busby, Jeremy AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory PY - 2011 KW - METADEX (MD); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Corrosion Abstracts (CO); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Ferrous alloys KW - Superalloys KW - Nickel base alloys KW - Austenitic stainless steels KW - Chromium molybdenum vanadium steels KW - Heat resistant steels KW - 800H KW - Alloy 690 KW - D9 KW - HCM12A KW - Phase stability KW - Structural materials KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Oxidation KW - Nuclear reactor components UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671461308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Computational+Thermodynamics+for+Interpreting+Oxidation+of+Structural+Materials+in+Supercritical+Water&rft.au=Tan%2C+Lizhen%3BYang%2C+Ying%3BAllen%2C+Todd%3BBusby%2C+Jeremy&rft.aulast=Tan&rft.aufirst=Lizhen&rft.date=2011-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9781118132418&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation-Induced Segregation and Precipitation/Transformation at Very High Fluences under Extended Service AN - 1439729780; 17725594 AB - Radiation-induced segregation (RIS) to grain boundaries and dislocation loops has been observed in a variety of austenitic alloys under light water reactor (LWR) irradiation conditions. Irradiation-induced changes of alloy microstructure have been shown to lead to embrittlement. At higher temperatures more typical of fast reactor irradiations, RIS contributions to radiation-induced/enhanced precipitation (e.g., gamma ', G and phases) and matrix phase instability ( gamma -> alpha ) are well documented. As higher dose data for LWR conditions becomes available there are indications that phase transformations may also be an important consideration for extended service. This paper will present a comprehensive review of phase transformation observations under LWR-relevant conditions and identify key operating regimes susceptible to this form of degradation. In addition, the results of new analytical characterization of austenitic stainless steels irradiated to high fluence will also be presented. AU - Kenik, Edward AU - Busby, Jeremy AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2011/08// PY - 2011 DA - Aug 2011 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Degradation KW - Irradiation KW - Segregations KW - Alloys KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Light water reactors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1439729780?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Radiation-Induced+Segregation+and+Precipitation%2FTransformation+at+Very+High+Fluences+under+Extended+Service&rft.au=Kenik%2C+Edward%3BBusby%2C+Jeremy&rft.aulast=Kenik&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2011-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9781118132418&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Copula-Based Flood Frequency Analysis at Ungauged Basin Confluences: Nashville, Tennessee AN - 1827900375; PQ0003647695 AB - Many cities are located at or near the confluence of streams where availability of water resources may be enhanced to sustain user needs while also posing an increased flooding risk from multiple tributaries. An accurate flood-frequency estimator that models the joint flood potential at a basin confluence is needed. Given that long-term flow observations are often unavailable, estimating flood-frequency at ungauged basin confluences proves challenging. Through the use of copulas, this case study demonstrates how an improved flood-frequency analysis can be performed for stream confluences at Nashville, Tennessee. The approach involves four major steps: initial data quality control, fitting of marginal distributions of tributary peak flows, construction of a suitable copula dependence structure, and identification of flood-frequency at the confluence point based on synthesized peak flows. This case study may help researchers and practitioners develop a better understanding of joint flood-frequency with consideration of upstream dam regulation among several contributing watersheds. JF - Journal of Hydrologic Engineering AU - Kao, Shih-Chieh AU - Chang, Ni-Bin AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN. Y1 - 2011/07/20/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Jul 20 SP - 790 EP - 799 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, 345 E. 47th St. New York NY 10017-2398 United States VL - 17 IS - 7 SN - 1084-0699, 1084-0699 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Case Studies KW - Case Study KW - Flood frequency KW - River basins KW - Case studies KW - Tennessee KW - Urban areas KW - Watersheds KW - Flood frequency analysis KW - Gaussian copula KW - Goodness-of-fit KW - Joint probability KW - Confluence point KW - Flow KW - Basins KW - Water resources KW - Freshwater KW - Streams KW - Engineering KW - Frequency analysis KW - Floods KW - Tributaries KW - USA, Tennessee, Nashville KW - River discharge KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Quality control KW - Flooding KW - Flood Frequency KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - SW 6010:Structures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827900375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrologic+Engineering&rft.atitle=Copula-Based+Flood+Frequency+Analysis+at+Ungauged+Basin+Confluences%3A+Nashville%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Kao%2C+Shih-Chieh%3BChang%2C+Ni-Bin&rft.aulast=Kao&rft.aufirst=Shih-Chieh&rft.date=2011-07-20&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=790&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrologic+Engineering&rft.issn=10840699&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%29HE.1943-5584.0000477 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Frequency analysis; Floods; Quality control; River discharge; Flooding; Water resources; Watersheds; Streams; Tributaries; Flow; Engineering; Case Studies; Basins; Flood Frequency; USA, Tennessee; USA, Tennessee, Nashville; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000477 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of thermal and radiation effects on microstructural and mechanical properties of Nb-1Zr AN - 901686236; 15316504 AB - The microstructural changes and corresponding effects on mechanical properties, electrical resistivity and density of Nb-1Zr were examined following neutron irradiation up to 1.8 dpa at temperatures of 1073, 1223 and 1373 K and compared with material thermally aged for similar exposure times of [not, vert, similar]1100 h. Thermally driven changes in the development of intragranular and grain boundary precipitate phases showed a greater influence on mechanical and physical properties compared to irradiation-induced defects for the examined conditions. Initial formation of the zirconium oxide precipitates was identified as cubic structured plates following a Baker-Nutting orientation relationship to the beta -Nb matrix, with particles developing a monoclinic structure on further growth. Tensile properties of the Nb-1Zr samples showed increased strength and reduced elongation following aging and irradiation below 1373 K, with the largest tensile and hardness increases following aging at 1098 K. Tensile properties at 1373 K for the aged and irradiated samples were similar to that of the as-annealed material. Total elongation was lower in the aged material due to a strain hardening response, rather than a weak strain softening observed in the irradiated materials due in part to an irregular distribution of the precipitates in the irradiated materials. Though intergranular fracture surfaces were observed on the 1248 K aged tensile specimens, the aged and irradiated material showed uniform elongations 3% and total elongation 12% for all conditions tested. Cavity formation was observed in material irradiated to 0.9 dpa at 1073 and 1223 K. However, since void densities were estimated to be below 3 x 10 super(17) m super(-3) these voids contributed little to either mechanical strengthening of the material or measured density changes. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Leonard, Keith J AU - Busby, Jeremy T AU - Zinkle, Steven J AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, leonardk@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/07/15/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Jul 15 SP - 286 EP - 302 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 414 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Niobium base alloys KW - Nb-1Zr KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Zirconium KW - Particulates KW - electrical resistivity KW - aging KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/901686236?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Influence+of+thermal+and+radiation+effects+on+microstructural+and+mechanical+properties+of+Nb-1Zr&rft.au=Leonard%2C+Keith+J%3BBusby%2C+Jeremy+T%3BZinkle%2C+Steven+J&rft.aulast=Leonard&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2011-07-15&rft.volume=414&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=286&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2011.04.018 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Zirconium; electrical resistivity; Particulates; aging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.04.018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CENTER FOR RADIATION PROTECTION KNOWLEDGE AN - 902361902; 15692017 AB - The Center for Radiation Protection Knowledge was formed in January 2010 by the Department of Energy, Department of Defense, Environmental Protection Agency, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and Occupational Safety and Health Administration under a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Under the MOU the Center is to serve as a common resource to assist the participating agencies in radiation protection matters based on the best available scientific information. This MOU is intended to help maintain and preserve U.S. expertise in radiation protection. This presentation discusses the Center's objectives with particular emphasis on an anticipated outreach program. JF - Health Physics AU - Eckerman, K AU - Leggett, R AU - Manger, R AU - Bellamy, M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA Y1 - 2011/07// PY - 2011 DA - Jul 2011 SP - 1 PB - Williams & Wilkins, 351 W. Camden St. Baltimore MD 21201 United States VL - 101 IS - 1 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - EPA KW - commissions KW - USA KW - Occupational safety KW - outreach programs KW - Nuclear energy KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902361902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=CENTER+FOR+RADIATION+PROTECTION+KNOWLEDGE&rft.au=Eckerman%2C+K%3BLeggett%2C+R%3BManger%2C+R%3BBellamy%2C+M&rft.aulast=Eckerman&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2011-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=S84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - commissions; EPA; Occupational safety; outreach programs; Nuclear energy; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monthly, global emissions of carbon dioxide from fossil fuel consumption AN - 883037236; 15159781 AB - This paper examines available data, develops a strategy and presents a monthly, global time series of fossil-fuel carbon dioxide emissions for the years 1950-2006. This monthly time series was constructed from detailed study of monthly data from the 21 countries that account for approximately 80% of global total emissions. These data were then used in a Monte Carlo approach to proxy for all remaining countries. The proportional-proxy methodology estimates by fuel group the fraction of annual emissions emitted in each country and month. Emissions from solid, liquid and gas fuels are explicitly modelled by the proportional-proxy method. The primary conclusion from this study is the global monthly time series is statistically significantly different from a uniform distribution throughout the year. Uncertainty analysis of the data presented show that the proportional-proxy method used faithfully reproduces monthly patterns in the data and the global monthly pattern of emissions is relatively insensitive to the exact proxy assignments used. The data and results presented here should lead to a better understanding of global and regional carbon cycles, especially when the mass data are combined with the stable carbon isotope data in atmospheric transport models. JF - Tellus. Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology AU - Andres, R J AU - Gregg, J S AU - Losey, L AU - Marland, G AU - Boden, T A AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6290, USA 1 Y1 - 2011/07// PY - 2011 DA - Jul 2011 SP - 309 EP - 327 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 63 IS - 3 SN - 0280-6509, 0280-6509 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Fossil fuels KW - time series analysis KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Fuels KW - Time series KW - Carbon isotopes KW - Carbon cycle KW - Statistical analysis KW - Monte Carlo method KW - Time series analysis KW - carbon isotopes KW - Atmospheric transport models KW - Emissions KW - Meteorology KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon dioxide emissions KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - Q2 09184:Composition of water KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) KW - O 2050:Chemical Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/883037236?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tellus.+Series+B%3A+Chemical+and+Physical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Monthly%2C+global+emissions+of+carbon+dioxide+from+fossil+fuel+consumption&rft.au=Andres%2C+R+J%3BGregg%2C+J+S%3BLosey%2C+L%3BMarland%2C+G%3BBoden%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Andres&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2011-07-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tellus.+Series+B%3A+Chemical+and+Physical+Meteorology&rft.issn=02806509&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0889.2011.00530.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-08-01 N1 - Document feature - figure 13 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fossil fuels; Biogeochemical cycle; Time series; Fuels; Carbon isotopes; Statistical analysis; Carbon cycle; Atmospheric transport models; Atmospheric pollution models; Monte Carlo method; Carbon dioxide; Time series analysis; Carbon dioxide emissions; Monte Carlo simulation; time series analysis; Emissions; Meteorology; carbon isotopes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2011.00530.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Putting vulnerability to climate change on the map: a review of approaches, benefits, and risks AN - 883022867; 15087561 AB - There is growing demand among stakeholders across public and private institutions for spatially-explicit information regarding vulnerability to climate change at the local scale. However, the challenges associated with mapping the geography of climate change vulnerability are non-trivial, both conceptually and technically, suggesting the need for more critical evaluation of this practice. Here, we review climate change vulnerability mapping in the context of four key questions that are fundamental to assessment design. First, what are the goals of the assessment? A review of published assessments yields a range of objective statements that emphasize problem orientation or decision-making about adaptation actions. Second, how is the assessment of vulnerability framed? Assessments vary with respect to what values are assessed (vulnerability of what) and the underlying determinants of vulnerability that are considered (vulnerability to what). The selected frame ultimately influences perceptions of the primary driving forces of vulnerability as well as preferences regarding management alternatives. Third, what are the technical methods by which an assessment is conducted? The integration of vulnerability determinants into a common map remains an emergent and subjective practice associated with a number of methodological challenges. Fourth, who participates in the assessment and how will it be used to facilitate change? Assessments are often conducted under the auspices of benefiting stakeholders, yet many lack direct engagement with stakeholders. Each of these questions is reviewed in turn by drawing on an illustrative set of 45 vulnerability mapping studies appearing in the literature. A number of pathways for placing vulnerability mapping on a more robust footing are also identified. JF - Sustainability Science AU - Preston, Benjamin L AU - Yuen, Emma J AU - Westaway, Richard M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS-6038, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6253, USA Y1 - 2011/07// PY - 2011 DA - July 2011 SP - 177 EP - 202 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1862-4065, 1862-4065 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Perception KW - Reviews KW - Climate change KW - vulnerability KW - sustainability KW - Mapping KW - Geography KW - stakeholders KW - adaptability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/883022867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sustainability+Science&rft.atitle=Putting+vulnerability+to+climate+change+on+the+map%3A+a+review+of+approaches%2C+benefits%2C+and+risks&rft.au=Preston%2C+Benjamin+L%3BYuen%2C+Emma+J%3BWestaway%2C+Richard+M&rft.aulast=Preston&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2011-07-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sustainability+Science&rft.issn=18624065&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11625-011-0129-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Perception; Reviews; Climate change; sustainability; vulnerability; Mapping; Geography; stakeholders; adaptability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11625-011-0129-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The land use-climate change-energy nexus AN - 883015743; 15165331 AB - Landscape ecology focuses on the spatial patterns and processes of ecological and human interactions. These patterns and processes are being altered by both changing resource-management practices of humans and changing climate conditions associated, in part, with increases in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. Dominant resource-extraction and land-management activities involve energy, and the use of fossil energy is one of the key drivers behind increasing greenhouse gas emissions as well as land-use changes. Alternative energy sources (such as wind, solar, nuclear, and bioenergy) are being explored to reduce greenhouse gas emission rates. Yet, energy production, including alternative-energy options, can have a wide range of effects on land productivity, surface cover, albedo, and other factors that affect carbon, water, and energy fluxes and, in turn, climate. Meanwhile, climate influences the potential output, relative efficiencies, and sustainability of alternative energy sources. Thus, land use, climate change, and energy choices are linked, and any comprehensive analysis in landscape ecology that considers one of these factors should be cognizant of these interactions. This analysis explores the implications of linkages between land use, climate hange, and energy and points out ecological patterns and processes that may be affected by their interactions. JF - Landscape Ecology AU - Dale, Virginia H AU - Efroymson, Rebecca A AU - Kline, Keith L AD - Center for Bioenergy Sustainability, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Building 1505, Room 200, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6036, USA Y1 - 2011/07// PY - 2011 DA - Jul 2011 SP - 755 EP - 773 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 26 IS - 6 SN - 0921-2973, 0921-2973 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - albedo KW - Climate change KW - Climatic changes KW - Energy sources KW - Ecology KW - Carbon KW - Fossils KW - Emissions KW - sustainability KW - Solar energy KW - Wind KW - Topography KW - Solar emissions KW - Solar wind KW - Albedo KW - Landscape KW - Land use KW - Greenhouses KW - Wind energy KW - Energy KW - Greenhouse gases KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/883015743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+Ecology&rft.atitle=The+land+use-climate+change-energy+nexus&rft.au=Dale%2C+Virginia+H%3BEfroymson%2C+Rebecca+A%3BKline%2C+Keith+L&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=2011-07-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=755&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+Ecology&rft.issn=09212973&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10980-011-9606-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon; Fossils; Albedo; Energy; Climatic changes; Landscape; Greenhouse gases; Wind; Land use; Greenhouses; Ecology; Solar emissions; Solar wind; Climate change; Solar energy; Topography; albedo; Wind energy; Emissions; sustainability; Energy sources DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-011-9606-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - O and H diffusion in uraninite; implications for fluid-uraninite interactions, nuclear waste disposal, and nuclear forensics AN - 877843644; 2011-061451 AB - Diffusion coefficients for oxygen and hydrogen were determined from a series of natural uraninite-H (sub 2) O experiments between 50 and 700 degrees C. Under hydrous conditions there are two diffusion mechanisms: (1) an initial extremely fast-path diffusion mechanism that overprinted the oxygen isotopic composition of the entire crystals regardless of temperature and (2) a slower volume-diffusive mechanism dominated by defect clusters that displace or eject nearest neighbor oxygen atoms to form two interstitial sites and two partial vacancies, and by vacancy migration. Using the volume diffusion coefficients in the temperature range of 400-600 degrees C, diffusion coefficients for oxygen can be represented by D=1.90e (super -5) exp (-123,382J/RT) cm (super 2) /s and for temperatures between 100 and 300 degrees C the diffusion coefficients can be represented by D=1.95e (super -10) exp (-62484J/RT) cm (super 2) /s, where the activation energies for uraninite are 123.4 and 62.5 kJ/mol, respectively. Hydrogen diffusion in uraninite appears to be controlled by similar mechanisms as oxygen. Using the volume diffusion coefficients for temperatures between 50 and 700 degrees C, diffusion coefficients for hydrogen can be represented by D=9.28e (super -6) exp (-156,528J/RT) cm (super 2) /s for temperatures between 450 and 700 degrees C and D=1.39e (super -14) exp (-34518J/RT) cm (super 2) /s for temperatures between 50 and 400 degrees C, where the activation energies for uraninite are 156.5 and 34.5 kJ/mol, respectively. Results from these new experiments have implications for isotopic exchange during natural UO (sub 2) -water interactions. The exceptionally low delta (super 18) O values of natural uraninites (i.e. -32 ppm to -19.5 ppm) from unconformity-type uranium deposits in Saskatchewan, in conjunction with theoretical and experimental uraninite-water and UO (sub 3) -water fractionation factors, suggest that primary uranium mineralization is not in oxygen isotopic equilibrium with coeval clay and silicate minerals. The low delta (super 18) O values have been interpreted as resulting from the low temperature overprinting of primary uranium mineralization in the presence of relatively modern meteoric fluids having delta (super 18) O values of ca. -18 ppm, despite petrographic and U-Pb isotope data that indicate limited alteration. Our data show that the anomalously low oxygen isotopic composition of the uraninite from the Athabasca Basin can be due to meteoric water overprinting under reducing conditions, and meteoric water or groundwater can significantly affect the oxygen isotopic composition of spent nuclear fuel in a geologic repository, with minimal change to the chemical composition or texture. Moreover, the rather fast oxygen and hydrogen diffusion coefficients for uraninite, especially at low temperatures, suggest that oxygen and hydrogen diffusion may impart characteristic isotopic signals that can be used to track the route of fissile material. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Cole, David R AU - Bostick, Debra A Y1 - 2011/07// PY - 2011 DA - July 2011 SP - 3677 EP - 3686 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 75 IS - 13 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - hazardous waste KW - isotope fractionation KW - alteration KW - U/Pb KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - environmental analysis KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - water-rock interaction KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - forensic geology KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - O-18/O-16 KW - hydrochemistry KW - samples KW - D/H KW - soil pollution KW - hydrogen KW - waste disposal KW - uraninite KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/877843644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=O+and+H+diffusion+in+uraninite%3B+implications+for+fluid-uraninite+interactions%2C+nuclear+waste+disposal%2C+and+nuclear+forensics&rft.au=Fayek%2C+Mostafa%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BBostick%2C+Debra+A&rft.aulast=Fayek&rft.aufirst=Mostafa&rft.date=2011-07-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=3677&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2011.03.040 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; chemical composition; D/H; diffusion; Eh; environmental analysis; experimental studies; forensic geology; geochemistry; hazardous waste; hydrochemistry; hydrogen; ion probe data; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; O-18/O-16; oxides; oxygen; pollution; radioactive waste; samples; soil pollution; spectra; stable isotopes; temperature; U/Pb; uraninite; waste disposal; water pollution; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2011.03.040 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inducing transformational energy technological change AN - 873118523; 4204203 AB - Reducing risks of severe climate change in the latter part of the 20th Century is likely to require not only incremental improvements in known energy technologies, but the discovery of transformational new energy technologies. This paper reviews current knowledge about both demand and supply aspects of the challenge of accelerating transformational change, considering both economic and policy incentives, including targeted government funding of research and development, and several other schools of thought about drivers of scientific discovery and innovation. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy economics AU - Wilbanks, Thomas J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2011/07// PY - 2011 DA - Jul 2011 SP - 699 EP - 708 VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0140-9883, 0140-9883 KW - Economics KW - Scientific research KW - Innovation KW - Energy resources KW - Climate change KW - Technological change KW - Economic incentives KW - Supply and demand UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873118523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+economics&rft.atitle=Inducing+transformational+energy+technological+change&rft.au=Wilbanks%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Wilbanks&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2011-07-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=699&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+economics&rft.issn=01409883&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.eneco.2010.12.019 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4268 4246 8570; 12616 12622; 2382 2381 8560 9511 4309 4313; 12402 4025 3934; 3944 3889 6071 1542 11325; 6564 12622; 11347 10902 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2010.12.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty, loss aversion, and markets for energy efficiency AN - 873118517; 4204197 AB - Increasing energy efficiency is critical to mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from fossil-fuel combustion, reducing oil dependence, and achieving a sustainable global energy system. The tendency of markets to neglect apparently cost-effective energy efficiency options has been called the 'efficiency gap' or 'energy paradox.' The market for energy efficiency in new, energy-using durable goods, however, appears to have a bias that leads to undervaluation of future energy savings relative to their expected value. This paper argues that the bias is chiefly produced by the combination of substantial uncertainty about the net value of future fuel savings and the loss aversion of typical consumers. This framework relies on the theory of context-dependent preferences. The uncertainty-loss aversion bias against energy efficiency is quantifiable, making it potentially correctible by policy measures. The welfare economics of such policies remains unresolved. Data on the costs of increased fuel economy of new passenger cars, taken from a National Research Council study, illustrate how an apparently cost-effective increase in energy efficiency would be uninteresting to loss-averse consumers. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Energy economics AU - Greene, David L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Y1 - 2011/07// PY - 2011 DA - Jul 2011 SP - 608 EP - 616 VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0140-9883, 0140-9883 KW - Economics KW - Risk aversion KW - Consumer preferences KW - Uncertainty KW - Energy efficiency KW - Cost-effectiveness KW - Market analysis KW - Energy conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873118517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+economics&rft.atitle=Uncertainty%2C+loss+aversion%2C+and+markets+for+energy+efficiency&rft.au=Greene%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2011-07-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=608&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+economics&rft.issn=01409883&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.eneco.2010.08.009 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4255 4276 4249 2805 3872 554 971; 13078; 11036 11040 11035; 7715 3883 971; 2795; 2933 2920 971 2934 3883; 4248 10956 2729 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2010.08.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactions among bioenergy feedstock choices, landscape dynamics, and land use AN - 879482859; 15204284 AB - Landscape implications of bioenergy feedstock choices are significant and depend on land-use practices and their environmental impacts. Although land-use changes and carbon emissions associated with bioenergy feedstock production are dynamic and complicated, lignocellulosic feedstocks may offer opportunities that enhance sustainability when compared to other transportation fuel alternatives. For bioenergy sustainability, major drivers and concerns revolve around energy security, food production, land productivity, soil carbon and erosion, greenhouse gas emissions, biodiversity, air quality, and water quantity and quality. The many implications of bioenergy feedstock choices require several indicators at multiple scales to provide a more complete accounting of effects. Ultimately, the long-term sustainability of bioenergy feedstock resources (as well as food supplies) throughout the world depends on land-use practices and landscape dynamics. Land-management decisions often invoke trade-offs among potential environmental effects and social and economic factors as well as future opportunities for resource use. The hypothesis being addressed in this paper is that sustainability of bioenergy feedstock production can be achieved via appropriately designed crop residue and perennial lignocellulosic systems. We find that decision makers need scientific advancements and adequate data that both provide quantitative and qualitative measures of the effects of bioenergy feedstock choices at different spatial and temporal scales and allow fair comparisons among available options for renewable liquid fuels. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Dale, V H AU - Kline, K L AU - Wright, L L AU - Perlack, R D AU - Downing, M AU - Graham, R L AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 USA, dalevh@ornl.gov A2 - Townsend, AR (ed) Y1 - 2011/06// PY - 2011 DA - Jun 2011 SP - 1039 EP - 1054 PB - Ecological Society of America, 1707 H Street, N.W., Suite 400 Washington DC 20006 United States VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Food supply KW - Data processing KW - Food KW - Fuels KW - Landscape KW - biofuels KW - Environmental impact KW - Biological diversity KW - Biodiversity KW - Air quality KW - security KW - Crop residues KW - Land use KW - Greenhouses KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Economics KW - Emissions KW - Environmental effects KW - sustainability KW - Food quality KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/879482859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Interactions+among+bioenergy+feedstock+choices%2C+landscape+dynamics%2C+and+land+use&rft.au=Dale%2C+V+H%3BKline%2C+K+L%3BWright%2C+L+L%3BPerlack%2C+R+D%3BDowning%2C+M%3BGraham%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1039&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Fuels; Food; Landscape; Environmental impact; Biodiversity; Crop residues; Land use; Greenhouses; Soil; Carbon; Economics; Environmental effects; Food quality; Food supply; Emissions; biofuels; Biological diversity; Air quality; sustainability; security ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of a Comprehensive Toxicity Assessment and Monitoring Program in the Management and Ecological Recovery of a Wastewater Receiving Stream AN - 876234557; 14926568 AB - National Pollution Discharge Elimination Permit (NPDES)-driven effluent toxicity tests using Ceriodaphnia dubia and fathead minnows were conducted for more than 20years to assess and monitor the effects of wastewaters at the United States (U.S.) Department of Energy Y-12 National Security Complex (Y-12 Complex) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Toxicity testing was also conducted on water samples from East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC), the wastewater receiving stream, as part of a comprehensive biological monitoring and assessment program. In this paper, we evaluate the roles of this long-term toxicity assessment and monitoring program in the management and ecological recovery of EFPC. Effluent toxicity testing, associated toxicant evaluation studies, and ambient toxicity monitoring were instrumental in identifying toxicant sources at the Y-12 Complex, guiding modifications to wastewater treatment procedures, and assessing the success of various pollution-abatement actions. The elimination of untreated wastewater discharges, the dechlorination of remaining wastewater streams, and the implementation of flow management at the stream headwaters were the primary actions associated with significant reductions in the toxicity of stream water in the upper reaches of EFPC from the late 1980s through mid 1990s. Through time, as regulatory requirements changed and water quality improved, emphasis shifted from comprehensive toxicity assessments to more focused toxicity monitoring efforts. Ambient toxicity testing with C. dubia and fathead minnows was supplemented with less-standardized but more sensitive alternative laboratory toxicity tests and in situ bioassays. The Y-12 Complex biological monitoring experience demonstrates the value of toxicity studies to the management of a wastewater receiving stream. JF - Environmental Management AU - Greeley, Mark S AU - Kszos, Lynn A AU - Morris, Gail W AU - Smith, John G AU - Stewart, Arthur J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, Greeleyms@ORNL.gov Y1 - 2011/06// PY - 2011 DA - June 2011 SP - 1033 EP - 1046 PB - Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - water quality KW - Toxicants KW - Freshwater fish KW - Water quality KW - Toxicity tests KW - Sewage disposal KW - Pollution indicators KW - Testing Procedures KW - USA Tennessee, Oak Ridge, East Fork Poplar Creek KW - Fathead Minnows KW - Effluents KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Stream KW - Monitoring KW - Wastewater Analysis KW - Toxicity testing KW - Wastewater KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Streams KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Ceriodaphnia dubia KW - Assessments KW - Biological monitoring KW - Pollution KW - Dechlorination KW - Toxicity KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Energy KW - Wastewater discharges KW - Waste water KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876234557?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Role+of+a+Comprehensive+Toxicity+Assessment+and+Monitoring+Program+in+the+Management+and+Ecological+Recovery+of+a+Wastewater+Receiving+Stream&rft.au=Greeley%2C+Mark+S%3BKszos%2C+Lynn+A%3BMorris%2C+Gail+W%3BSmith%2C+John+G%3BStewart%2C+Arthur+J&rft.aulast=Greeley&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1033&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-011-9679-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sewage disposal; Pollution monitoring; Bioaccumulation; Stream; Toxicity; Water quality; Freshwater fish; Pollution indicators; Toxicity tests; Dechlorination; Toxicants; Energy; Effluents; Waste water; Wastewater treatment; Toxicity testing; Streams; Pollution; toxicity testing; water quality; Wastewater discharges; Biological monitoring; Wastewater; Testing Procedures; Assessments; Water Pollution Effects; Fathead Minnows; Wastewater Analysis; Monitoring; Ceriodaphnia dubia; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge; USA, Tennessee; USA Tennessee, Oak Ridge, East Fork Poplar Creek DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-011-9679-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-Term Water-Quality Changes in East Fork Poplar Creek, Tennessee: Background, Trends, and Potential Biological Consequences AN - 876234538; 14926565 AB - We review long-term changes that have occurred in factors affecting water quality in East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC; in East Tennessee) over a nearly 25-year monitoring period. Historically, the stream has received wastewaters and pollutants from a major United States Department of Energy (DOE) facility on the headwaters of the stream. Early in the monitoring program, EFPC was perturbed chemically, especially within its headwaters; evidence of this perturbation extended downstream for many kilometers. The magnitude of this perturbation, and the concentrations of many biologically significant water-quality factors, has lessened substantially through time. The changes in water-quality factors resulted from a large number of operational changes and remedial actions implemented at the DOE facility. Chief among these were consolidation and elimination of many effluents, elimination of an unlined settling/flow equalization basin, reduction in amount of blow-down from cooling tower operations, dechlorination of effluents, and implementation of flow augmentation. Although many water-quality characteristics in upper EFPC have become more similar to those of reference streams, conditions remain far from pristine. Nutrient enrichment may be one of the more challenging problems remaining before further biological improvements occur. JF - Environmental Management AU - Stewart, Arthur J AU - Smith, John G AU - Loar, James M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, smithjg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/06// PY - 2011 DA - June 2011 SP - 1021 EP - 1032 PB - Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Basins KW - Nutrients KW - Water quality KW - Cooling towers KW - Stream Pollution KW - Sedimentation KW - Enrichment KW - Cooling systems KW - USA Tennessee, Oak Ridge, East Fork Poplar Creek KW - Effluents KW - Creek KW - Stream KW - Monitoring KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Nutrient enrichment KW - Streams KW - Consolidation KW - Pollutants KW - Flow Augmentation KW - Headwaters KW - Dechlorination KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Long-term changes KW - Reviews KW - Energy KW - Remediation KW - downstream KW - Waste water KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning KW - SW 0810:General KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876234538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Long-Term+Water-Quality+Changes+in+East+Fork+Poplar+Creek%2C+Tennessee%3A+Background%2C+Trends%2C+and+Potential+Biological+Consequences&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Arthur+J%3BSmith%2C+John+G%3BLoar%2C+James+M&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1021&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-011-9630-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dechlorination; Pollution monitoring; Pollutants; Long-term changes; Stream; Water quality; Creek; Effluents; Consolidation; Cooling towers; Nutrient enrichment; Energy; Reviews; Basins; Waste water; Streams; water quality; Remediation; downstream; Cooling systems; Headwaters; Flow Augmentation; Nutrients; Stream Pollution; Enrichment; Sedimentation; Monitoring; USA, Tennessee; USA Tennessee, Oak Ridge, East Fork Poplar Creek DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-011-9630-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-Term Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community Monitoring to Assess Pollution Abatement Effectiveness AN - 876227642; 14926562 AB - The benthic macroinvertebrate community of East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC) in East Tennessee was monitored for 18years to evaluate the effectiveness of a water pollution control program implemented at a major United States (U.S.) Department of Energy facility. Several actions were implemented to reduce and control releases of pollutants into the headwaters of the stream. Four of the most significant actions were implemented during different time periods, which allowed assessment of each action. Macroinvertebrate samples were collected annually in April from three locations in EFPC (EFK24, EFK23, and EFK14) and two nearby reference streams from 1986 through 2003. Significant improvements occurred in the macroinvertebrate community at the headwater sites (EFK24 and EFK23) after implementation of each action, while changes detected 9km further downstream (EFK14) could not be clearly attributed to any of the actions. Because the stream was impacted at its origin, invertebrate recolonization was primarily limited to aerial immigration, thus, recovery has been slow. As recovery progressed, abundances of small pollution-tolerant taxa (e.g., Orthocladiinae chironomids) decreased and longer lived taxa colonized (e.g., hydropsychid caddisflies, riffle beetles, Baetis). While assessments lasting three to four years may be long enough to detect a response to new pollution controls at highly impacted locations, more time may be needed to understand the full effects. Studies on the effectiveness of pollution controls can be improved if impacted and reference sites are selected to maximize spatial and temporal trending, and if a multidisciplinary approach is used to broadly assess environmental responses (e.g., water quality trends, invertebrate and fish community assessments, toxicity testing, etc.). JF - Environmental Management AU - Smith, John G AU - Brandt, Craig C AU - Christensen, Sigurd W AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1504, MS-6351, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, smithjg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/06// PY - 2011 DA - June 2011 SP - 1077 EP - 1095 PB - Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Macroinvertebrates KW - Water quality KW - invertebrates KW - recolonization KW - Water Pollution Control KW - Stream Pollution KW - Baetis KW - USA Tennessee, Oak Ridge, East Fork Poplar Creek KW - Control programs KW - Environmental impact KW - Orthocladiinae KW - Water pollution control KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Stream KW - Fish KW - Toxicity testing KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Pollution effects KW - Invertebrates KW - taxa KW - Streams KW - Environmental factors KW - Assessments KW - Pollutants KW - Headwaters KW - Immigration KW - Environmental assessment KW - Recolonization KW - Toxicity KW - Water pollution KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Energy KW - Zoobenthos KW - Pollution control KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876227642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Long-Term+Benthic+Macroinvertebrate+Community+Monitoring+to+Assess+Pollution+Abatement+Effectiveness&rft.au=Smith%2C+John+G%3BBrandt%2C+Craig+C%3BChristensen%2C+Sigurd+W&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1077&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-010-9610-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; Pollutants; Environmental assessment; Stream; Environmental impact; Pollution effects; Zoobenthos; Environmental factors; Pollution control; Immigration; Energy; Control programs; Recolonization; Water quality; Toxicity testing; Streams; Water pollution; Water pollution control; water quality; Fish; taxa; Toxicity; invertebrates; recolonization; Headwaters; Water Pollution Control; Assessments; Water Pollution Effects; Stream Pollution; Invertebrates; Macroinvertebrates; Orthocladiinae; Baetis; USA, Tennessee; USA Tennessee, Oak Ridge, East Fork Poplar Creek DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-010-9610-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring Granger causality between global average observed time series of carbon dioxide and temperature AN - 876227332; 14886920 AB - Detection and attribution methodologies have been developed over the years to delineate anthropogenic from natural drivers of climate change and impacts. A majority of prior attribution studies, which have used climate model simulations and observations or reanalysis datasets, have found evidence for human-induced climate change. This papers tests the hypothesis that Granger causality can be extracted from the bivariate series of globally averaged land surface temperature (GT) observations and observed CO sub(2) in the atmosphere using a reverse cumulative Granger causality test. This proposed extension of the classic Granger causality test is better suited to handle the multisource nature of the data and provides further statistical rigor. The results from this modified test show evidence for Granger causality from a proxy of total radiative forcing (RC), which in this case is a transformation of atmospheric CO sub(2), to GT. Prior literature failed to extract these results via the standard Granger causality test. A forecasting test shows that a holdout set of GT can be better predicted with the addition of lagged RC as a predictor, lending further credibility to the Granger test results. However, since second-order-differenced RC is neither normally distributed nor variance stationary, caution should be exercised in the interpretation of our results. JF - Theoretical and Applied Climatology AU - Kodra, Evan AU - Chatterjee, Snigdhansu AU - Ganguly, Auroop R AD - Geographic Information Science and Technology Group, Computer Science and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6017, USA, gangulyar@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/06// PY - 2011 DA - June 2011 SP - 325 EP - 335 PB - Springer-Verlag, Sachsenplatz 4-6 Vienna A-1201 Austria VL - 104 IS - 3-4 SN - 0177-798X, 0177-798X KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Surface temperatures KW - Climate change KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Man-induced effects KW - Time series analysis KW - Atmosphere KW - Data reanalysis KW - Applied climatology KW - Radiative forcing KW - Forecasting KW - Climatology KW - Testing Procedures KW - Climate models KW - Temperature KW - Model Studies KW - Numerical simulations KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Standards KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Q2 09403:Chemicals from sea water KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876227332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Theoretical+and+Applied+Climatology&rft.atitle=Exploring+Granger+causality+between+global+average+observed+time+series+of+carbon+dioxide+and+temperature&rft.au=Kodra%2C+Evan%3BChatterjee%2C+Snigdhansu%3BGanguly%2C+Auroop+R&rft.aulast=Kodra&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Theoretical+and+Applied+Climatology&rft.issn=0177798X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00704-010-0342-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Atmospheric forcing; Climate change; Anthropogenic factors; Man-induced effects; Climatology; Carbon dioxide; Surface temperatures; Applied climatology; Climate models; Radiative forcing; Numerical simulations; Time series analysis; Data reanalysis; Testing Procedures; Temperature; Forecasting; Standards; Atmosphere; Model Studies; Carbon Dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00704-010-0342-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Importance of data management in a long-term biological monitoring program. AN - 869570087; 21337020 AB - The long-term Biological Monitoring and Abatement Program (BMAP) has always needed to collect and retain high-quality data on which to base its assessments of ecological status of streams and their recovery after remediation. Its formal quality assurance, data processing, and data management components all contribute to meeting this need. The Quality Assurance Program comprehensively addresses requirements from various institutions, funders, and regulators, and includes a data management component. Centralized data management began a few years into the program when an existing relational database was adapted and extended to handle biological data. The database's main data tables and several key reference tables are described. One of the most important related activities supporting long-term analyses was the establishing of standards for sampling site names, taxonomic identification, flagging, and other components. The implemented relational database supports the transmittal of data to the Oak Ridge Environmental Information System (OREIS) as the permanent repository. We also discuss some limitations to our implementation. Some types of program data were not easily accommodated in the central systems, and many possible data-sharing and integration options are not easily accessible to investigators. From our experience we offer data management advice to other biologically oriented long-term environmental sampling and analysis programs. JF - Environmental management AU - Christensen, Sigurd W AU - Brandt, Craig C AU - McCracken, Mary K AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, TN 37831, USA. christensen1@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/06// PY - 2011 DA - June 2011 SP - 1112 EP - 1124 VL - 47 IS - 6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Restoration and Remediation KW - Water Pollution, Chemical -- statistics & numerical data KW - Automatic Data Processing KW - Archives KW - Information Storage and Retrieval KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Database Management Systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869570087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+management&rft.atitle=Importance+of+data+management+in+a+long-term+biological+monitoring+program.&rft.au=Christensen%2C+Sigurd+W%3BBrandt%2C+Craig+C%3BMcCracken%2C+Mary+K&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=Sigurd&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+management&rft.issn=1432-1009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-010-9576-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2011-10-12 N1 - Date created - 2011-05-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-010-9576-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-Term Biological Monitoring of an Impaired Stream: Synthesis and Environmental Management Implications AN - 1777138761; 14926567 AB - The long-term ecological recovery of an impaired stream in response to an industrial facility's pollution abatement actions and the implications of the biological monitoring effort to environmental management is the subject of this special issue of Environmental Management. This final article focuses on the synthesis of the biological monitoring program's components and methods, the efficacy of various biological monitoring techniques to environmental management, and the lessons learned from the program that might be applicable to the design and application of other programs. The focus of the 25-year program has been on East Fork Poplar Creek, an ecologically impaired stream in Oak Ridge, Tennessee with varied and complex stressors from a Department of Energy facility in its headwaters. Major components of the long-term program included testing and monitoring of invertebrate and fish toxicity, bioindicators of fish health, fish contaminant accumulation, and instream communities (including periphyton, benthic macroinvertebrate, and fish). Key parallel components of the program include water chemistry sampling and data management. Multiple lines of evidence suggested positive ecological responses during three major pollution abatement periods. Based on this case study and the related literature, effective environmental management of impaired streams starts with program design that is consistent across space and time, but also adaptable to changing conditions. The biological monitoring approaches used for the program provided a strong basis for assessments of recovery from remedial actions, and the likely causes of impairment. This case study provides a unique application of multidisciplinary and quantitative techniques to address multiple and complex regulatory and programmatic goals, environmental stressors, and remedial actions. JF - Environmental Management AU - Peterson, Mark J AU - Efroymson, Rebecca A AU - Adams, SMarshall AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1505, MS-6038, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA petersonmj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/06// PY - 2011 DA - June 2011 SP - 1125 EP - 1140 PB - Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Ecology KW - Management KW - Recovery KW - Pollution abatement KW - Biological monitoring KW - Fish KW - Synthesis KW - Streams UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777138761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Long-Term+Biological+Monitoring+of+an+Impaired+Stream%3A+Synthesis+and+Environmental+Management+Implications&rft.au=Peterson%2C+Mark+J%3BEfroymson%2C+Rebecca+A%3BAdams%2C+SMarshall&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-011-9665-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-011-9665-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introduction to the Biological Monitoring and Abatement Program AN - 1777137246; 14926564 AB - This paper provides an introduction to a long-term biological monitoring program and the Environmental Management special issue titled Long-term Biological Monitoring of an Impaired Stream: Implications for Environmental Management. The Biological Monitoring and Abatement Program, or BMAP, was implemented to assess biological impairment downstream of U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) facilities in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, beginning in 1985. Several of the unique aspects of the program include its long-term consistent sampling, a focus on evaluating the effectiveness of specific facility abatement and remedial actions, and the use of quantitative sampling protocols using a multidisciplinary approach. This paper describes the need and importance of long-term watershed-based biological monitoring strategies, in particular for addressing long-term stewardship goals at DOE sites, and provides a summary of the BMAP's objectives, spatial and temporal extent, and overall focus. The primary components of the biological monitoring program for East Fork Poplar Creek in Oak Ridge, Tennessee are introduced, as are the additional 9 papers in this Environmental Management special issue. JF - Environmental Management AU - Peterson, Mark J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1504, MS-6351, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA petersonmj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/06// PY - 2011 DA - June 2011 SP - 1005 EP - 1009 PB - Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Management KW - Temporal logic KW - Strategy KW - Oak KW - Impairment KW - Biological monitoring KW - Sampling KW - Ridges UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777137246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Introduction+to+the+Biological+Monitoring+and+Abatement+Program&rft.au=Peterson%2C+Mark+J&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1005&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-011-9627-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-011-9627-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Twenty-Five Years of Ecological Recovery of East Fork Poplar Creek: Review of Environmental Problems and Remedial Actions AN - 1709787799; 14926563 AB - In May 1985, a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit was issued for the Department of Energy's Y-12 National Security Complex (Y-12 Complex) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA, allowing discharge of effluents to East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC). The effluents ranged from large volumes of chlorinated once-through cooling water and cooling tower blow-down to smaller discharges of treated and untreated process wastewaters, which contained a mixture of heavy metals, organics, and nutrients, especially nitrates. As a condition of the permit, a Biological Monitoring and Abatement Program (BMAP) was developed to meet two major objectives: demonstrate that the established effluent limitations were protecting the classified uses of EFPC, and document the ecological effects resulting from implementing a Water Pollution Control Program at the Y-12 Complex. The second objective is the primary focus of the other papers in this special series. This paper provides a history of pollution and the remedial actions that were implemented; describes the geographic setting of the study area; and characterizes the physicochemical attributes of the sampling sites, including changes in stream flow and temperature that occurred during implementation of the BMAP. Most of the actions taken under the Water Pollution Control Program were completed between 1986 and 1998, with as many as four years elapsing between some of the most significant actions. The Water Pollution Control Program included constructing nine new wastewater treatment facilities and implementation of several other pollution-reducing measures, such as a best management practices plan; area-source pollution control management; and various spill-prevention projects. Many of the major actions had readily discernable effects on the chemical and physical conditions of EFPC. As controls on effluents entering the stream were implemented, pollutant concentrations generally declined and, at least initially, the volume of water discharged from the Y-12 Complex declined. This reduction in discharge was of ecological concern and led to implementation of a flow management program for EFPC. Implementing flow management, in turn, led to substantial changes in chemical and physical conditions of the stream: stream discharge nearly doubled and stream temperatures decreased, becoming more similar to those in reference streams. While water quality clearly improved, meeting water quality standards alone does not guarantee protection of a waterbody's biological integrity. Results from studies on the ecological changes stemming from pollution-reduction actions, such as those presented in this series, also are needed to understand how best to restore or protect biological integrity and enhance ecological recovery in stream ecosystems. With a better knowledge of the ecological consequences of their decisions, environmental managers can better evaluate alternative actions and more accurately predict their effects. JF - Environmental Management AU - Loar, James M AU - Stewart, Arthur J AU - Smith, John G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA smithjg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/06// PY - 2011 DA - June 2011 SP - 1010 EP - 1020 PB - Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Discharge KW - Management KW - Ecological effects KW - Yttrium KW - Effluents KW - Streams KW - Water pollution KW - Pollution control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709787799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Twenty-Five+Years+of+Ecological+Recovery+of+East+Fork+Poplar+Creek%3A+Review+of+Environmental+Problems+and+Remedial+Actions&rft.au=Loar%2C+James+M%3BStewart%2C+Arthur+J%3BSmith%2C+John+G&rft.aulast=Loar&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1010&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-011-9625-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-011-9625-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of Biochemical and Physiological Indicators for Assessing Recovery of Fish Populations in a Disturbed Stream AN - 1709786360; 14926561 AB - Recovery dynamics in a previously disturbed stream were investigated to determine the influence of a series of remedial actions on stream recovery and to evaluate the potential application of bioindicators as an environmental management tool. A suite of bioindicators, representing five different functional response groups, were measured annually for a sentinel fish species over a 15year period during which a variety of remedial and pollution abatement actions were implemented. Trends in biochemical, physiological, condition, growth, bioenergetic, and nutritional responses demonstrated that the health status of a sentinel fish species in the disturbed stream approached that of fish in the reference stream by the end of the study. Two major remedial actions, dechlorination and water flow management, had large effects on stream recovery resulting in an improvement in the bioenergetic, disease, nutritional, and organ condition status of the sentinel fish species. A subset of bioindicators responded rather dramatically to temporal trends affecting all sites, but some indicators showed little response to disturbance or to restoration activities. In assessing recovery of aquatic systems, application of appropriate integrative structural indices along with a variety of sensitive functional bioindicators should be used to understand the mechanistic basis of stress and recovery and to reduce the risk of false positives. Understanding the mechanistic processes involved between stressors, stress responses of biota, and the recovery dynamics of aquatic systems reduces the uncertainty involved in environmental management and regulatory decisions resulting in an increased ability to predict the consequences of restoration and remedial actions for aquatic systems. JF - Environmental Management AU - Adams, SMarshall AU - Ham, Kenneth D AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA adamssm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/06// PY - 2011 DA - June 2011 SP - 1047 EP - 1063 PB - Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Management KW - Recovery KW - Dynamical systems KW - Indicators KW - Fish KW - Streams KW - Dynamics KW - Restoration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709786360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Application+of+Biochemical+and+Physiological+Indicators+for+Assessing+Recovery+of+Fish+Populations+in+a+Disturbed+Stream&rft.au=Adams%2C+SMarshall%3BHam%2C+Kenneth+D&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=SMarshall&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1047&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-010-9599-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-010-9599-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recovery of Fish Communities in a Warm Water Stream Following Pollution Abatement AN - 1671551194; 14926560 AB - The long-term recovery process for fish communities in a warm water stream in East Tennessee was studied using quantitative measurements over 20years. The stream receives effluents from a U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) facility, but since 1985 these effluents have been greatly reduced, eliminated, or diluted as part of a substantial long-term pollution abatement program. The resulting changes in water quantity and quality led to a recovery of the fish communities, evidenced by significant changes in species richness, abundance (density and biomass), and community composition (e.g., number of fish species sensitive to stress). The fish community changes occurred over a spatial gradient (downstream from the headwater release zone nearest the DOE facility) and temporally, at multiple sampling locations in the stream. Changes in measured parameters were associated with specific remedial actions and the intervening steps within the recovery process are discussed with regard to changes in treatment processes. JF - Environmental Management AU - Ryon, Michael G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA ryonmg@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/06// PY - 2011 DA - June 2011 SP - 1096 EP - 1111 PB - Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Communities KW - Recovery KW - Density KW - Warm water KW - Pollution abatement KW - Fish KW - Effluents KW - Streams UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671551194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Recovery+of+Fish+Communities+in+a+Warm+Water+Stream+Following+Pollution+Abatement&rft.au=Ryon%2C+Michael+G&rft.aulast=Ryon&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1096&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-010-9596-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-010-9596-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring Fish Contaminant Responses to Abatement Actions: Factors that Affect Recovery AN - 1671543005; 14926566 AB - Monitoring of contaminant accumulation in fish has been conducted in East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee since 1985. Bioaccumulation trends are examined over a twenty year period coinciding with major pollution abatement actions by a Department of Energy facility at the stream's headwaters. Although EFPC is enriched in many contaminants relative to other local streams, only polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and mercury (Hg) were found to accumulate in the edible portions of fish to levels of human health concern. Mercury concentrations in redbreast sunfish were found to vary with season of collection, sex and size of individual fish. Over the course of the monitoring, waterborne Hg concentrations were reduced >80%; however, this did not translate into a comparable decrease in Hg bioaccumulation at most sites. Mercury bioaccumulation in fish did respond to decreased inputs in the industrialized headwater reach, but paradoxically increased in the lowermost reach of EFPC. As a result, the downstream pattern of Hg concentration in fish changed from one resembling dilution of a headwater point source in the 1980s to a uniform distribution in the 2000s. The reason for this remains unknown, but is hypothesized to involve changes in the chemical form and reactivity of waterborne Hg associated with the removal of residual chlorine and the addition of suspended particulates to the streamflow. PCB concentrations in fish varied greatly from year-to-year, but always exhibited a pronounced downstream decrease, and appeared to respond to management practices that limited episodic inputs from legacy sources within the facility. JF - Environmental Management AU - Southworth, George R AU - Peterson, Mark J AU - Roy, WKelly AU - Mathews, Teresa J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA petersonmj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/06// PY - 2011 DA - June 2011 SP - 1064 EP - 1076 PB - Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Headwaters KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Management KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Mercury KW - Fish KW - Monitoring KW - Contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671543005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Monitoring+Fish+Contaminant+Responses+to+Abatement+Actions%3A+Factors+that+Affect+Recovery&rft.au=Southworth%2C+George+R%3BPeterson%2C+Mark+J%3BRoy%2C+WKelly%3BMathews%2C+Teresa+J&rft.aulast=Southworth&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1064&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-011-9637-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-011-9637-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrokinetic properties of the rutile/water interface; zeta-potential prediction from computer simulations AN - 1151914189; 2012-096686 AB - In the last 10 years we have been studying by molecular dynamics (MD) the structural and dynamic properties of aqueous solutions in contact with metal-oxide surfaces, mainly rutile [1-3]. We will present the results of our non-equilibrium MD simulations focusing on the molecular level origin of electrokinetic phenomena - electroosmosis and electro-phoresis. We will comment on the asymmetry of the density profiles of cations and anions at positive and negative surfaces, discuss the properties of the diffuse and shear layers, if definable at all on the molecular scale, and present our zeta potential predictions from molecular simulations. Our results of zeta potential are in qualitative agreement with experimental data [5]. However, our molecular explanation is rather contradictory to at least some of the commonly used theories of the solid-liquid interface including the common double- or triple-layer models. We observe that the composition and structure at the interface, influenced by the surface charge, are the key factors, while the electrostatics of the aqueous solution is rather independent of the surface charge. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Predota, Milan AU - Machesky, Michael L AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Cummings, P T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/06// PY - 2011 DA - June 2011 SP - 1666 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - electro-osmosis KW - electrophoresis KW - digital simulation KW - rutile KW - data processing KW - oxides KW - mineral-water interface KW - molecular dynamics KW - electrokinetics KW - electrochemical properties KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1151914189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Electrokinetic+properties+of+the+rutile%2Fwater+interface%3B+zeta-potential+prediction+from+computer+simulations&rft.au=Predota%2C+Milan%3BMachesky%2C+Michael+L%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BCummings%2C+P+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Predota&rft.aufirst=Milan&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1666&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/75/3/1584.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt2011 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data processing; digital simulation; electro-osmosis; electrochemical properties; electrokinetics; electrophoresis; mineral-water interface; molecular dynamics; oxides; rutile ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The structure and lability of Re(VII)-sodalite AN - 1151913000; 2012-096636 AB - (super 99) Tc (Tc), a long-lived radionuclide, is one of the most widespread contaminants within the Hanford subsurface with an estimated inventory of 5.31 X 10 (super 3) curies. For example, Tc contamination has been found in the sediments beneath the C, S, SX, T, and TX Tank Farms as a result of high-level waste (HLW) solutions that have leaked or spilled from Hanford Tanks. The HLW solutions are characterized as highly alkaline (hydroxide ion concentration > 8.5 M) and high ionic strength solutions (up to saturation with respect to NaNO (sub 3) ). Previous research focused on (super 90) Sr and (super 137) Cs has demonstrated that these elements are incorporated into feldspathoid minerals, such as sodalite [Na (sub 8) (Al (sub 6) Si (sub 6) O (sub 24) )Cl (sub 2) ], that formed as a result of the contact between Hanford sediments and the HLW solutions [1, 2]. The desire to immobilize Tc in aluminosilicate minerals through the application of subsurface amendments for contaminated sediments as well as the production of mineralized wasteforms further emphasizes the need to understand the long-term stability and release of Tc from aluminosilicate minerals, specifically the feldspathoid mineral sodalite. In an attempt to determine the structure and reactivity of Re-sodalite (as a chemical analogue for Tc-sodalite), a combination of spectroscopy analyses along with single-pass flow-through experiments were performed under dilute and near saturated conditions at pH (23 degrees C) = 9.0 and 40 degrees C. These initial experimental results suggest the release of elements from Re-sodalite is complex; the saturation state of the solution changes and this behavior may be associated with the formation of other mineral phases. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Pierce, Eric M AU - Harsh, James B AU - Dickson, Johnbull O AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011/06// PY - 2011 DA - June 2011 SP - 1641 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - silicates KW - isotopes KW - analog simulation KW - rhenium KW - crystal structure KW - laboratory studies KW - reactivity KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sodalite group KW - framework silicates KW - applications KW - pH KW - technetium KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Tc-99 KW - metals KW - sodalite KW - crystal chemistry KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1151913000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+structure+and+lability+of+Re%28VII%29-sodalite&rft.au=Pierce%2C+Eric+M%3BHarsh%2C+James+B%3BDickson%2C+Johnbull+O%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pierce&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/75/3/1584.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt2011 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - analog simulation; applications; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; experimental studies; framework silicates; Hanford Site; isotopes; laboratory studies; metals; pH; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; reactivity; rhenium; silicates; sodalite; sodalite group; Tc-99; technetium; toxic materials; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stabilization of Carboxylate Surface Species on Pd(111) AN - 1010896494; 16170862 AB - The stabilization of formate and acetate surface species on Pd(111) has been studied by temperature-programmed desorption and infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS). In addition to the previously reported stabilization of carboxylate species by the pre-adsorption of oxygen, an even bigger stabilizing effect was observed upon the adsorption of carbon monoxide onto formate- and acetate-covered surfaces. The presence of carbon monoxide delays the decomposition of carboxylate species by blocking surrounding sites. Proper use of co-adsorbed species could help to improve selectivity or activity in heterogeneous catalytic reactions. JF - Adsorption Science and Technology AU - Calaza, Florencia AU - Tysoe, Wilfred T AU - Stacchiola, Dario J AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6201, U. S. A Y1 - 2011/06// PY - 2011 DA - Jun 2011 SP - 603 EP - 612 PB - Multi-Science Publishing Co. Ltd. VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0263-6174, 0263-6174 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Desorption KW - Degradation KW - Spectroscopy KW - Decomposition KW - Stabilizing KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Oxygen KW - Absorption spectroscopy KW - Carbon KW - Acetate KW - Adsorption KW - Absorption KW - Selectivity KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1010896494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Adsorption+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Stabilization+of+Carboxylate+Surface+Species+on+Pd%28111%29&rft.au=Calaza%2C+Florencia%3BTysoe%2C+Wilfred+T%3BStacchiola%2C+Dario+J&rft.aulast=Calaza&rft.aufirst=Florencia&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=603&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Adsorption+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02636174&rft_id=info:doi/10.1260%2F0263-6174.29.6.603 L2 - http://multi-science.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&;id=6257W257VK5N3432 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon monoxide; Absorption spectroscopy; Degradation; Acetate; Stabilizing; Oxygen; Desorption; Carbon; Absorption; Adsorption; Spectroscopy; Decomposition; Selectivity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0263-6174.29.6.603 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural formation of huntingtin exon 1 aggregates probed by small-angle neutron scattering. AN - 867476750; 21575585 AB - In several neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington's disease, aspects concerning the earliest of protein structures that form along the aggregation pathway have increasingly gained attention because these particular species are likely to be neurotoxic. We used time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering to probe in solution these transient structures formed by peptides having the N-terminal sequence context of mutant huntingtin exon 1. We obtained snapshots of the formed aggregates as the kinetic reaction ensued to yield quantitative information on their size and mass. At the early stage, small precursor species with an initial radius of gyration of 16.1 ± 5.9 Å and average mass of a dimer to trimer were monitored. Structural growth was treated as two modes with a transition from three-dimensional early aggregate formation to two-dimensional fibril growth and association. Our small-angle neutron scattering results on the internal structure of the mature fibrils demonstrate loose packing with ~1 peptide per 4.75 Åβ-sheet repeat distance, which is shown to be quantitatively consistent with a β-helix model. This research provides what we believe to be new insights into the structures forming along the pathway of huntingtin exon 1 aggregation and should assist in determining the role that precursors play in neuronal toxicity. JF - Biophysical journal AU - Stanley, Christopher B AU - Perevozchikova, Tatiana AU - Berthelier, Valerie AD - Neutron Scattering Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. stanleycb@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/05/18/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 May 18 SP - 2504 EP - 2512 VL - 100 IS - 10 KW - Amyloid KW - 0 KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins KW - Glutamine KW - 0RH81L854J KW - Index Medicus KW - Kinetics KW - Amyloid -- chemistry KW - Glutamine -- chemistry KW - Amyloid -- ultrastructure KW - Time Factors KW - Protein Structure, Quaternary KW - Exons -- genetics KW - Neutron Diffraction -- methods KW - Scattering, Small Angle KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins -- ultrastructure KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins -- genetics KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/867476750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biophysical+journal&rft.atitle=Structural+formation+of+huntingtin+exon+1+aggregates+probed+by+small-angle+neutron+scattering.&rft.au=Stanley%2C+Christopher+B%3BPerevozchikova%2C+Tatiana%3BBerthelier%2C+Valerie&rft.aulast=Stanley&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2011-05-18&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2504&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biophysical+journal&rft.issn=1542-0086&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bpj.2011.04.022 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2011-09-05 N1 - Date created - 2011-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Ann Neurol. 1999 Dec;46(6):842-9 [10589536] Biochemistry. 2007 Jul 3;46(26):7694-705 [17559191] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Apr 16;99(8):5591-5 [11960014] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Apr 16;99(8):5596-600 [11960015] J Biol Chem. 2002 Oct 25;277(43):41032-7 [12171927] Methods Mol Biol. 2003;217:295-303 [12491942] Sci STKE. 2003 Nov 4;2003(207):pe48 [14600292] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Aug 24;101(34):12497-502 [15314216] Biopolymers. 1996 Nov;39(5):619-26 [8875817] FEBS Lett. 1998 Jan 16;421(3):273-6 [9468321] Cell. 1998 Oct 2;95(1):55-66 [9778247] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Apr 13;96(8):4604-9 [10200309] Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2004 Dec;11(12):1215-22 [15543156] Biomacromolecules. 2005 Jan-Feb;6(1):425-32 [15638548] Hum Mol Genet. 2007 Oct 15;16 Spec No. 2:R115-23 [17911155] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Nov 25;105(47):18349-54 [19015532] Proteins. 2009 Feb 15;74(3):556-65 [18655073] Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2009 Apr;16(4):380-9 [19270701] Structure. 2009 Sep 9;17(9):1205-12 [19748341] J Biol Chem. 2010 May 7;285(19):14777-90 [20220138] Biophys J. 2010 Jun 16;98(12):3078-85 [20550921] J Biol Chem. 2010 Jul 9;285(28):21807-16 [20444706] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Aug 9;102(32):11402-7 [16076956] Proteins. 2005 Nov 1;61(2):398-411 [16114051] Neurobiol Dis. 2005 Nov;20(2):267-74 [15890517] Annu Rev Biochem. 2006;75:333-66 [16756495] Cell. 2006 Jun 16;125(6):1179-91 [16777606] Biophys J. 2007 May 15;92(10):3448-58 [17325005] PLoS Biol. 2007 May;5(5):e134 [17472440] Nature. 2007 May 24;447(7143):453-7 [17468747] J Mol Biol. 2001 Aug 3;311(1):173-82 [11469866] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2011.04.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biofabrication of discrete spherical gold nanoparticles using the metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis AN - 918053610; 16182423 AB - Nanocrystallites have garnered substantial interest due to their various applications, including catalysis and medical research. Consequently important aspects of synthesis related to control of shape and size through economical and non-hazardous means are desirable. Highly efficient bioreduction-based fabrication approaches that utilize microbes and/or plant extracts are poised to meet these needs. Here we show that the gamma -proteobacterium Shewanella oneidensis can reduce tetrachloroaurate (III) ions to produce discrete extracellular spherical gold nanocrystallites. The particles were homogeneously shaped with multiple size distributions and produced under ambient conditions at high yield, 88% theoretical maximum. Further characterization revealed that the particles consist of spheres in the size range of ~2-50 nm, with an average size of 12 +/- 5 nm. The nanoparticles were hydrophilic and resisted aggregation even after several months. Based on our experiments, the particles are likely fabricated by the aid of reducing agents present in the bacterial cell membrane and are capped by a detachable protein/peptide coat. Ultraviolet-visible and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectra and transmission electron microscopy measurements confirmed the formation, surface characteristics and crystalline nature of the nanoparticles. The antibacterial activity of these gold nanoparticles was assessed using Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and S. oneidensis) and Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) bacterial species. Toxicity assessments showed that the particles were neither toxic nor inhibitory to any of these bacteria. JF - Acta Biomaterialia AU - Suresh, Anil K AU - Pelletier, Dale A AU - Wang, Wei AU - Broich, Michael L AU - Moon, Ji-Won AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Allison, David P AU - Joy, David C AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Doktycz, Mitchel J AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6445, USA, sureshak@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/05// PY - 2011 DA - May 2011 SP - 2148 EP - 2152 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1742-7061, 1742-7061 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biosynthesis KW - Gold KW - Hydrophilic KW - Shewanella KW - Nanoparticles KW - Ions KW - Bacillus subtilis KW - Antibacterial activity KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Toxicity KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Cell membranes KW - I.R. spectroscopy KW - Energy KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - Reducing agents KW - Escherichia coli KW - Plant extracts KW - nanoparticles KW - Size distribution KW - Catalysis KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering KW - J 02340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918053610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Biomaterialia&rft.atitle=Biofabrication+of+discrete+spherical+gold+nanoparticles+using+the+metal-reducing+bacterium+Shewanella+oneidensis&rft.au=Suresh%2C+Anil+K%3BPelletier%2C+Dale+A%3BWang%2C+Wei%3BBroich%2C+Michael+L%3BMoon%2C+Ji-Won%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BAllison%2C+David+P%3BJoy%2C+David+C%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BDoktycz%2C+Mitchel+J&rft.aulast=Suresh&rft.aufirst=Anil&rft.date=2011-05-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2148&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+Biomaterialia&rft.issn=17427061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.actbio.2011.01.023 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ions; Antibacterial activity; Transmission electron microscopy; Toxicity; X-ray diffraction; Cell membranes; I.R. spectroscopy; Ionizing radiation; Energy; Reducing agents; Gold; Plant extracts; nanoparticles; Size distribution; Catalysis; Bacillus subtilis; Shewanella oneidensis; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2011.01.023 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistence of hydrologic variables and reactive stream solute concentrations in an east Tennessee watershed AN - 872122849; 2011-053878 AB - Time and frequency domain analyses were conducted on weekly time series of water chemistry (nitrate, sulfate and calcium concentrations) collected from November 1995 to December 2005 at the West Fork of Walker Branch in Oak Ridge, Tennessee to evaluate the extent of their persistence and the relationship of this persistence to discharge and rainfall. In this study, spectral and wavelet analyses provided a theoretical basis for insights into long-term water chemistry behavior. All water chemistry parameters showed some level of persistence that was influenced by rainfall and/or discharge. Short-term persistence (less than a year) was related to the persistence of rainfall and discharge, whereas long-term persistence (more than a year) was related to the persistence of discharge. The Walker Branch conceptual hydrology model is augmented by these results that relate characteristic periodicities with flowpaths through different zones: the vadose zone (50 week period) with implications for reactive chemistries within the watershed. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Koirala, Shesh R AU - Gentry, Randall W AU - Mulholland, Patrick J AU - Perfect, Edmund AU - Schwartz, John S AU - Sayler, Gary S Y1 - 2011/05// PY - 2011 DA - May 2011 SP - 221 EP - 230 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 401 IS - 3-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - reactivity KW - wavelets KW - transport KW - autocorrelation KW - Tennessee KW - drainage basins KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - spectra KW - discharge KW - geochemistry KW - hydrology KW - West Fork Creek KW - Walker Branch River KW - rainfall KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - hydrochemistry KW - frequency domain analysis KW - models KW - theoretical models KW - streams KW - periodicity KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/872122849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Persistence+of+hydrologic+variables+and+reactive+stream+solute+concentrations+in+an+east+Tennessee+watershed&rft.au=Koirala%2C+Shesh+R%3BGentry%2C+Randall+W%3BMulholland%2C+Patrick+J%3BPerfect%2C+Edmund%3BSchwartz%2C+John+S%3BSayler%2C+Gary+S&rft.aulast=Koirala&rft.aufirst=Shesh&rft.date=2011-05-01&rft.volume=401&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2011.02.022 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anderson County Tennessee; autocorrelation; discharge; drainage basins; frequency domain analysis; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrology; models; periodicity; rainfall; reactivity; solute transport; spectra; statistical analysis; streams; surface water; Tennessee; theoretical models; transport; United States; Walker Branch River; wavelets; West Fork Creek DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.02.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using a phenomenological computer model to investigate advanced combustion trajectories in a CIDI engine AN - 869839214; 14612037 AB - This paper summarizes results from simulations of conventional, high-dilution, and high-efficiency clean combustion in a diesel engine based on a two-zone phenomenological model. The two-zone combustion model is derived from a previously published multi-zone model, but it has been further simplified to increase computational speed by a factor of over 100. The results demonstrate that this simplified model is still able to track key aspects of the combustion trajectory responsible for NO sub(x) and soot production. In particular, the two-zone model in combination with highly simplified global kinetics correctly predicts the importance of including oxygen mass fraction (in addition to equivalence ratio and temperature) in lowering emissions from high-efficiency clean combustion. The methodology also provides a convenient framework for extracting information directly from in-cylinder pressure measurements. This feature is likely to be useful for on-board combustion diagnostics and controls. Because of the possibility for simulating large numbers of engine cycles in a short time, models of this type can provide insight into multi-cycle and transient combustion behavior not readily accessible to more computationally intensive models. Also the representation of the combustion trajectory in 3D space corresponding to equivalence ratio, flame temperature, and oxygen fraction provides new insight into optimal combustion management. JF - Fuel AU - Gao, Z AU - Wagner, R M AU - Sluder, C S AU - Daw, C S AU - Green, J B AD - Fuels, Engines, and Emissions Research Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2360 Cherahala Blvd., Knoxville, TN 37932, United States, gaoz@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/05// PY - 2011 DA - May 2011 SP - 1907 EP - 1918 PB - Elsevier, Ltd., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 90 IS - 5 SN - 0016-2361, 0016-2361 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Diesel KW - Emissions KW - High-efficiency clean combustion KW - Combustion trajectory KW - Phenomenological model KW - Oxygen KW - pressure measurement KW - Temperature KW - Emission measurements KW - computer models KW - Simulation KW - Diesel engines KW - Combustion KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869839214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fuel&rft.atitle=Using+a+phenomenological+computer+model+to+investigate+advanced+combustion+trajectories+in+a+CIDI+engine&rft.au=Gao%2C+Z%3BWagner%2C+R+M%3BSluder%2C+C+S%3BDaw%2C+C+S%3BGreen%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2011-05-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1907&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fuel&rft.issn=00162361&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fuel.2010.12.030 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen; pressure measurement; computer models; Emission measurements; Emissions; Temperature; Simulation; Diesel engines; Combustion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2010.12.030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical and microbial effects of atmospheric particles on the performance of steep-slope roofing materials AN - 1777113981; 14361773 AB - The reflectivity of a roof is a critical component in design of strategy to reduce overall building energy usage. Airborne particulate matter that settles on a roof can either reflect or absorb incoming solar radiation. The light scattering and absorption processes occur within a few microns of the surface that affects the solar reflectance of the roof. The long-term loss of roof reflectivity appears driven by the ability of the atmospheric particulate matter to cling onto the roof and resist being washed off by wind and or rain. Contaminants collected from samples of roof products exposed at seven California sites for about one and a half years were analysed for major and trace elements and carbons to assist characterization of the chemical profile of the atmospheric particles that soil each roof sample. The chemical composition of the accumulated particles was very similar across the state of California; there was no clear distinction from one region to another. Elemental carbon did not contribute significantly to the loss of solar reflectance as initially expected. Dust particles and organic carbon compensated for the loss of solar reflectance due to elemental carbon possibly because some crystalline forms of these elements were light reflecting and contributed to the solar reflectance. Differences in microbial communities and biomass were seen between the various materials. Abundance of microbial biomass on roof tiles appears to be related to the composition/surface structure of the tile. Cyanobacteria or fungi represent the dominant player. JF - Building and Environment AU - Cheng, Meng-Dawn AU - Pfiffner, Susan M AU - Miller, William A AU - Berdahl, Paul AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States Y1 - 2011/05// PY - 2011 DA - May 2011 SP - 999 EP - 1010 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 46 IS - 5 SN - 0360-1323, 0360-1323 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Aerosol KW - Carbon KW - Composition KW - Deposition KW - Emittance KW - Lipids KW - Reflectance KW - Reflectivity KW - Tiles KW - Roofs KW - Microorganisms KW - Atmospherics KW - Biomass KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777113981?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Chemical+and+microbial+effects+of+atmospheric+particles+on+the+performance+of+steep-slope+roofing+materials&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Meng-Dawn%3BPfiffner%2C+Susan+M%3BMiller%2C+William+A%3BBerdahl%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Meng-Dawn&rft.date=2011-05-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=999&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Building+and+Environment&rft.issn=03601323&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.buildenv.2010.10.025 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.10.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate adaptation planning in practice: an evaluation of adaptation plans from three developed nations AN - 864963181; 14457890 AB - Formal planning for climate change adaptation is emerging rapidly at a range of geo-political scales. This first generation of adaptation plans provides useful information regarding how institutions are framing the issue of adaptation and the range of processes that are recognized as being part of an adaptation response. To better understand adaptation planning among developed nations, a set of 57 adaptation plans from Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States was evaluated against a suite of 19 planning processes identified from existing guidance instruments for adaptation planning. Total scores among evaluated plans ranged from 16% of the maximum possible score to 61%, with an average of 37%. These results suggest adaptation plans are largely under-developed. Critical weaknesses in adaptation planning are related to limited consideration for non-climatic factors as well as neglect for issues of adaptive capacity including entitlements to various forms of capital needed for effective adaptation. Such gaps in planning suggest there are opportunities for institutions to make better use of existing guidance for adaptation planning and the need to consider the broader governance context in which adaptation will occur. In addition, the adaptation options prescribed by adaptation plans reflect a preferential bias toward low-risk capacity-building (72% of identified options) over the delivery of specific actions to reduce vulnerability. To the extent these findings are representative of the state of developed nation adaptation planning, there appear to be significant deficiencies in climate change preparedness, even among those nations often assumed to have the greatest adaptive capacity. JF - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change AU - Preston, Benjamin L AU - Westaway, Richard M AU - Yuen, Emma J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, PO Box2008, MS-6301, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6253, USA, prestonbl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/04// PY - 2011 DA - April 2011 SP - 407 EP - 438 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 1381-2386, 1381-2386 KW - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - USA KW - Climate change KW - Australia KW - vulnerability KW - carrying capacity KW - adaptability KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/864963181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.atitle=Climate+adaptation+planning+in+practice%3A+an+evaluation+of+adaptation+plans+from+three+developed+nations&rft.au=Preston%2C+Benjamin+L%3BWestaway%2C+Richard+M%3BYuen%2C+Emma+J&rft.aulast=Preston&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2011-04-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=407&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.issn=13812386&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11027-010-9270-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; vulnerability; carrying capacity; adaptability; USA; Australia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11027-010-9270-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of deep weathering and nanoporosity development in shale; a neutron study AN - 861988729; 2011-036736 AB - We used small-angle and ultra-small-angle neutron scattering (SANS/USANS) to characterize the evolution of nanoscale features in weathering Rose Hill shale within the Susquehanna/Shale Hills Observatory (SSHO). The SANS/USANS techniques, here referred to as neutron scattering (NS), characterize porosity comprised of features ranging from approximately 3 nm to several micrometers in dimension. NS was used to investigate shale chips sampled by gas-powered drilling ("saprock") or by hand-augering ("regolith") at ridgetop. At about 20 m depth, dissolution is inferred to have depleted the bedrock of ankerite and all the chips investigated with NS are from above the ankerite dissolution zone. NS documents that 5-6% of the total ankerite-free rock volume is comprised of isolated, intraparticle pores. At 5 m depth, an abrupt increase in porosity and surface area corresponds with onset of feldspar dissolution in the saprock and is attributed mainly to peri-glacial processes from 15000 years ago. At tens of centimeters below the saprock-regolith interface, the porosity and surface area increase markedly as chlorite and illite begin to dissolve. These clay reactions contribute to the transformation of saprock to regolith. Throughout the regolith, intraparticle pores in chips connect to form larger interparticle pores and scattering changes from a mass fractal at depth to a surface fractal near the land surface. Pore geometry also changes from anisotropic at depth, perhaps related to pencil cleavage created in the rock by previous tectonic activity, to isotropic at the uppermost surface as clays weather. In the most weathered regolith, kaolinite and Fe-oxyhydroxides precipitate, blocking some connected pores. These precipitates, coupled with exposure of more quartz by clay weathering, contribute to the decreased mineral-pore interfacial area in the uppermost samples. These observations are consistent with conversion of bedrock to saprock to regolith at SSHO due to: (1) transport of reactants (e.g., water, O (sub 2) ) into primary pores and fractures created by tectonic events and peri-glacial effects; (2) mineral-water reactions and particle loss that increase porosity and the access of water into the rock. From deep to shallow, mineral-water reactions may change from largely transport-limited where porosity was set largely by ancient tectonic activity to kinetic-limited where porosity is changing due to climate-driven processes. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Jin, Lixin AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Cole, David R AU - Mildner, David F R AU - Duffy, Christopher J AU - Brantley, Susan L Y1 - 2011/04// PY - 2011 DA - April 2011 SP - 498 EP - 512 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 96 IS - 4 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - United States KW - silicates KW - neutron methods KW - Susquehanna River basin KW - sedimentary rocks KW - oxides KW - fractals KW - surface properties KW - shale KW - Paleozoic KW - periglacial environment KW - Susquehanna County Pennsylvania KW - Susquehanna Shale Hills Observatory KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - iron hydroxides KW - Silurian KW - clay minerals KW - hydroxides KW - sheet silicates KW - Rose Hill Formation KW - Pennsylvania KW - Middle Silurian KW - clastic rocks KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/861988729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+deep+weathering+and+nanoporosity+development+in+shale%3B+a+neutron+study&rft.au=Jin%2C+Lixin%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BMildner%2C+David+F+R%3BDuffy%2C+Christopher+J%3BBrantley%2C+Susan+L&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=Lixin&rft.date=2011-04-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=498&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam.2011.3598 L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 78 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic rocks; clay minerals; fractals; hydroxides; iron hydroxides; Middle Silurian; neutron methods; oxides; Paleozoic; Pennsylvania; periglacial environment; porosity; Rose Hill Formation; sedimentary rocks; shale; sheet silicates; silicates; Silurian; surface properties; Susquehanna County Pennsylvania; Susquehanna River basin; Susquehanna Shale Hills Observatory; United States; weathering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2011.3598 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhancement in current density and energy conversion efficiency of 3-dimensional MFC anodes using pre-enriched consortium and continuous supply of electron donors AN - 1777118813; 14611337 AB - Using a pre-enriched microbial consortium as the inoculum and continuous supply of carbon source, improvement in performance of a three-dimensional, flow-through MFC anode utilizing ferricyanide cathode was investigated. The power density increased from 170 W/m[super]3 (1800 mW/m[super]2) to 580 W/m[super]3 (6130 mW/m[super]2), when the carbon loading increased from 2.5 g/l-day to 50 g/l-day. The coulombic efficiency (CE) decreased from 90% to 23% with increasing carbon loading. The CEs are among the highest reported for glucose and lactate as the substrate with the maximum current density reaching 15.1 A/m[super]2. This suggests establishment of a very high performance exoelectrogenic microbial consortium at the anode. A maximum energy conversion efficiency of 54% was observed at a loading of 2.5 g/l-day. Biological characterization of the consortium showed presence of Burkholderiales and Rhodocyclales as the dominant members. Imaging of the biofilms revealed thinner biofilms compared to the inoculum MFC, but a 1.9-fold higher power density. JF - Bioresource Technology AU - Borole, Abhijeet P AU - Hamilton, Choo Y AU - Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A AD - BioSciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6226, USA borolea@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/04// PY - 2011 DA - April 2011 SP - 5098 EP - 5104 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 102 IS - 8 SN - 0960-8524, 0960-8524 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Microbial fuel cell KW - Shear flow KW - Biofilm-forming KW - Direct electron transfer KW - Electro-active KW - Energy conversion efficiency KW - Carbon KW - Lactates KW - Current density KW - Density KW - Anodes KW - Microorganisms KW - Inoculum KW - Biofilms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777118813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresource+Technology&rft.atitle=Enhancement+in+current+density+and+energy+conversion+efficiency+of+3-dimensional+MFC+anodes+using+pre-enriched+consortium+and+continuous+supply+of+electron+donors&rft.au=Borole%2C+Abhijeet+P%3BHamilton%2C+Choo+Y%3BVishnivetskaya%2C+Tatiana+A&rft.aulast=Borole&rft.aufirst=Abhijeet&rft.date=2011-04-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=5098&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresource+Technology&rft.issn=09608524&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biortech.2011.01.045 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.045 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Oxidation Behavior of Super-Bainitic 3Cr Steel T2 - 66th Annual Meeting of the National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2011) AN - 1312992047; 6044383 JF - 66th Annual Meeting of the National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2011) AU - Pint, Bruce AU - Haynes, J Y1 - 2011/03/13/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Mar 13 KW - Oxidation KW - Steel UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312992047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=66th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2011%29&rft.atitle=Oxidation+Behavior+of+Super-Bainitic+3Cr+Steel&rft.au=Pint%2C+Bruce%3BHaynes%2C+J&rft.aulast=Pint&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2011-03-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=66th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://nace.confex.com/nace/2011/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Performance of Diffusion Aluminide Coatings Applied on Alloy CF8C-Plus at 800 degree C T2 - 66th Annual Meeting of the National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2011) AN - 1312983462; 6044387 JF - 66th Annual Meeting of the National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2011) AU - Kumar, Deepak AU - Dryepondt, Sebastien AU - Haynes, James AU - Pint, Bruce AU - Armstrong, Beth AU - Shyam, Amit AU - Curzio, Edgar AU - Zhang, Ying Y1 - 2011/03/13/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Mar 13 KW - Coating materials KW - Alloys KW - Diffusion KW - alloys UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312983462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=66th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2011%29&rft.atitle=Performance+of+Diffusion+Aluminide+Coatings+Applied+on+Alloy+CF8C-Plus+at+800+degree+C&rft.au=Kumar%2C+Deepak%3BDryepondt%2C+Sebastien%3BHaynes%2C+James%3BPint%2C+Bruce%3BArmstrong%2C+Beth%3BShyam%2C+Amit%3BCurzio%2C+Edgar%3BZhang%2C+Ying&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Deepak&rft.date=2011-03-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=66th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2011%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://nace.confex.com/nace/2011/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High tunability of the surface-enhanced Raman scattering response with a metal-multiferroic composite. AN - 856407892; 21322613 AB - We demonstrate active control of the plasmonic response from Au nanostructures by the use of a novel multiferroic substrate-LuFe(2)O(4) (LFO)-to tune the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) response in real time. From both experiments and numerical simulations based on the finite-difference time-domain method, a threshold field is observed, above which the optical response of the metal nanostructure can be strongly altered through changes in the dielectric properties of LFO. This offers the potential of optimizing the SERS detection sensitivity in real time as well as the unique functionality of detecting multiple species of Raman active molecules with the same template. JF - Nano letters AU - Xu, Xiaoying AU - Seal, Katyayani AU - Xu, Xiaoshan AU - Ivanov, Ilia AU - Hsueh, Chun-Hway AU - Hatab, Nahla Abu AU - Yin, Lifeng AU - Zhang, Xiangqun AU - Cheng, Zhaohua AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Zhang, Zhenyu AU - Shen, Jian AD - Materials Science and Technology Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. Y1 - 2011/03/09/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Mar 09 SP - 1265 EP - 1269 VL - 11 IS - 3 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856407892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nano+letters&rft.atitle=High+tunability+of+the+surface-enhanced+Raman+scattering+response+with+a+metal-multiferroic+composite.&rft.au=Xu%2C+Xiaoying%3BSeal%2C+Katyayani%3BXu%2C+Xiaoshan%3BIvanov%2C+Ilia%3BHsueh%2C+Chun-Hway%3BHatab%2C+Nahla+Abu%3BYin%2C+Lifeng%3BZhang%2C+Xiangqun%3BCheng%2C+Zhaohua%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BZhang%2C+Zhenyu%3BShen%2C+Jian&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Xiaoying&rft.date=2011-03-09&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nano+letters&rft.issn=1530-6992&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fnl104291g LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2011-06-17 N1 - Date created - 2011-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl104291g ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating reaction rate coefficients within a travel-time modeling framework AN - 875011946; 2011-054801 JF - Ground Water AU - Gong, R AU - Lu, C AU - Wu, W M AU - Cheng, H AU - Gu, B AU - Watson, D AU - Jardine, P M AU - Brooks, S C AU - Criddle, C S AU - Kitanidis, Peter K AU - Luo, Jian Y1 - 2011/03// PY - 2011 DA - March 2011 SP - 209 EP - 218 PB - Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of National Ground Water Association, Westerville, OH VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - dispersivity KW - degradation KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - rates KW - advection KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - reactivity KW - heterogeneous materials KW - deconvolution KW - chemical reactions KW - traveltime KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/875011946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Estimating+reaction+rate+coefficients+within+a+travel-time+modeling+framework&rft.au=Gong%2C+R%3BLu%2C+C%3BWu%2C+W+M%3BCheng%2C+H%3BGu%2C+B%3BWatson%2C+D%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BCriddle%2C+C+S%3BKitanidis%2C+Peter+K%3BLuo%2C+Jian&rft.aulast=Gong&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2011-03-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1745-6584.2010.00683.x L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; aquifers; chemical reactions; contaminant plumes; deconvolution; degradation; dispersivity; ground water; heterogeneous materials; in situ; kinetics; pollution; rates; reactivity; remediation; techniques; traveltime DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00683.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of hydraulic conductivity determinations in co-located conventional and direct-push monitoring wells AN - 868009180; 2011-046109 JF - ERDC/CRREL Technical Report AU - Parker, Louise V AU - McCall, Wesley AU - Mulherin, Nathan D AU - Bigl, Susan R AU - Williams, Dale Y1 - 2011/03// PY - 2011 DA - March 2011 SP - 80 PB - U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center, Hanover, NH KW - United States KW - water quality KW - slug tests KW - Kent County Delaware KW - Hanscom Air Force Base KW - Middlesex County Massachusetts KW - Florida KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - Hanover New Hampshire KW - ground water KW - Grafton County New Hampshire KW - New Hampshire KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - mitigation KW - Massachusetts KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - Delaware KW - Bay County Florida KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - Tyndall Air Force Base KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - military facilities KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/868009180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Parker%2C+Louise+V%3BMcCall%2C+Wesley%3BMulherin%2C+Nathan+D%3BBigl%2C+Susan+R%3BWilliams%2C+Dale&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Louise&rft.date=2011-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Comparison+of+hydraulic+conductivity+determinations+in+co-located+conventional+and+direct-push+monitoring+wells&rft.title=Comparison+of+hydraulic+conductivity+determinations+in+co-located+conventional+and+direct-push+monitoring+wells&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - NH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 14 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes 3 appendices, final report N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - CODEN - #05435 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Bay County Florida; Delaware; Dover Air Force Base; environmental analysis; Florida; Grafton County New Hampshire; ground water; Hanover New Hampshire; Hanscom Air Force Base; hydraulic conductivity; Kent County Delaware; Massachusetts; Middlesex County Massachusetts; military facilities; mitigation; monitoring; New Hampshire; pollutants; pollution; remediation; slug tests; soils; Tyndall Air Force Base; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Life cycle assessment of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites AN - 864962421; 14444930 AB - Purpose: The use of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites is gaining momentum with the pressure to lightweight vehicles; however energy intensity and cost remain major barriers to the wide-scale adoption of this material for automotive applications. This study determines the relative life cycle benefits of two precursor types (conventional textile-type acrylic fibers and renewable-based lignin), part manufacturing technologies (conventional SMC and P4), and a fiber recycling technology. Materials and methods: A representative automotive part, i.e., a 30.8-kg steel floor pan having a 17% weight reduction potential with stringent crash performance requirements, has been considered for the life cycle energy and emissions analysis. Four scenarios--combinations of the precursor types and manufacturing technologies--are compared to the stamped steel baseline part. Results and discussion: The analysis finds the lignin-based part made through P4 technology to offer the greatest life cycle energy and CO sub(2) emissions benefits. Carbon fiber production is estimated to be about 14 times more energy-intensive than conventional steel production; however, life cycle primary energy use is estimated to be quite similar to the conventional part, i.e., 18,500MJ/part, especially when considering the uncertainty in LCI data that exist from using numerous sources in the literature. Conclusions: The sensitivity analysis concludes that with a 20% reduction in energy use in the conversion of lignin to carbon fiber and no energy use incurred in lignin production since lignin is a by-product of ethanol and paper production, a 30% reduction in life cycle energy use could be obtained. A similar level of life cycle energy savings could also be obtained with a higher part weight reduction potential of 43%. JF - International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment AU - Das, Sujit AD - Energy and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxeville, TN, 37934, USA, dass@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/03// PY - 2011 DA - Mar 2011 SP - 268 EP - 282 PB - Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Justus-von-Liebig-Strasse 1 Landsberg D-86899 Germany VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0948-3349, 0948-3349 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - life cycle analysis KW - Byproducts KW - Carbon KW - Assessments KW - Weight KW - Emissions KW - Steel KW - composite materials KW - Energy consumption KW - Fibers KW - Performance Evaluation KW - life cycle KW - Life Cycles KW - Polymers KW - Benefits KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 0540:Properties of water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/864962421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Life+Cycle+Assessment&rft.atitle=Life+cycle+assessment+of+carbon+fiber-reinforced+polymer+composites&rft.au=Das%2C+Sujit&rft.aulast=Das&rft.aufirst=Sujit&rft.date=2011-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=268&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Life+Cycle+Assessment&rft.issn=09483349&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11367-011-0264-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fibers; composite materials; life cycle; life cycle analysis; Emissions; Steel; Energy consumption; Polymers; Technology; Performance Evaluation; Carbon; Weight; Assessments; Byproducts; Life Cycles; Benefits DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11367-011-0264-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the stabilization of ribose by silicate minerals AN - 1542644660; 2014-048264 AB - The RNA-world theory hypothesizes that early Earth life was based on the RNA molecule. However, the notion that ribose, the sugar in RNA, is unstable still casts a serious doubt over this theory. Recently, it has been found that the silicate-mediated formose reaction facilitates the stabilization of ribose. Using accurate quantum chemical calculations, we determined the relative stability of the silicate complexes of arabinose, lyxose, ribose, and xylose with the intent to determine which would form predominantly from a formose-like reaction. Five stereoisomers were investigated for each complex. The stereoisomers of 2:1 ribose-silicate are the more stable ones, to the extent that the least stable of these is even more stable than the most stable stereoisomer of the other 2:1 sugar-silicate complexes. Thus, thermodynamically, a formose-like reaction in the presence of silicate minerals should preferentially form the silicate complex of ribose over the silicate complex of arabinose, lyxose, and xylose. JF - Astrobiology AU - Vazquez-Mayagoitia, Alvaro AU - Horton, Scott R AU - Sponer, Bobby G AU - Sponer, Jiri AU - Sponer, Judit E AU - Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel Y1 - 2011/03// PY - 2011 DA - March 2011 SP - 115 EP - 121 PB - Mary Ann Liebert, Larchmont, NY VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 1531-1074, 1531-1074 KW - silicates KW - stabilization KW - xylose KW - biochemistry KW - complexing KW - arabinose KW - life origin KW - sugars KW - molecular structure KW - organic compounds KW - lyxose KW - nucleic acids KW - RNA KW - chemical reactions KW - ribose KW - carbohydrates KW - formose KW - thermodynamic properties KW - 08:General paleontology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542644660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astrobiology&rft.atitle=On+the+stabilization+of+ribose+by+silicate+minerals&rft.au=Vazquez-Mayagoitia%2C+Alvaro%3BHorton%2C+Scott+R%3BSponer%2C+Bobby+G%3BSponer%2C+Jiri%3BSponer%2C+Judit+E%3BFuentes-Cabrera%2C+Miguel&rft.aulast=Vazquez-Mayagoitia&rft.aufirst=Alvaro&rft.date=2011-03-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Astrobiology&rft.issn=15311074&rft_id=info:doi/10.1089%2Fast.2010.0508 L2 - http://www.liebertpub.com/publication.aspx?pub_id=99 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arabinose; biochemistry; carbohydrates; chemical reactions; complexing; formose; life origin; lyxose; molecular structure; nucleic acids; organic compounds; ribose; RNA; silicates; stabilization; sugars; thermodynamic properties; xylose DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ast.2010.0508 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ammonia-activated mesoporous carbon membranes for gas separations AN - 856768344; 14181937 AB - Porous carbon membranes, which generally show improved chemical and thermal stability compared to polymer membranes, have been used in gas separations for many years. In this work, we show that the post-synthesis ammonia treatment of porous carbon at elevated temperature can improve the permeance and selectivity of these membranes for the separation of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons from permanent gases. Hierarchically structured porous carbon membranes were exposed to ammonia gas at temperatures ranging from 850 degree C to 950 degree C for up to 10 min and the N sub(2), CO sub(2), and C sub(3)H sub(6) permeances were measured for these different membranes. Higher treatment temperatures and longer exposure times resulted in higher gas permeance values. In addition, CO sub(2)/N sub(2) and C sub(3)H sub(6)/N sub(2) selectivities increased by a factor of 2 as the treatment temperature and time increased up to a temperature and time of 900 degree C, 10 min. Higher temperatures showed increased permeance but decreased selectivity indicating excess pore activation. Nitrogen adsorption measurements show that the ammonia treatment increased the porosity of the membrane while elemental analysis revealed the presence of nitrogen-containing surface functionalities in the treated carbon membranes. Thus, ammonia treatment at high temperature provides a controlled method to introduce both added microporosity and surface functionality to enhance gas separations performance of porous carbon membranes. JF - Journal of Membrane Science AU - Mahurin, Shannon M AU - Lee, Je Seung AU - Wang, Xiqing AU - Dai, Sheng AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States Y1 - 2011/02/15/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Feb 15 SP - 41 EP - 47 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 368 IS - 1-2 SN - 0376-7388, 0376-7388 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Membranes KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Ammonia KW - Porosity KW - Temperature KW - Carbon KW - Polymers KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Selectivity KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Nitrogen KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856768344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Membrane+Science&rft.atitle=Ammonia-activated+mesoporous+carbon+membranes+for+gas+separations&rft.au=Mahurin%2C+Shannon+M%3BLee%2C+Je+Seung%3BWang%2C+Xiqing%3BDai%2C+Sheng&rft.aulast=Mahurin&rft.aufirst=Shannon&rft.date=2011-02-15&rft.volume=368&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Membrane+Science&rft.issn=03767388&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.memsci.2010.11.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydrocarbons; Porosity; Carbon dioxide; Carbon; Membranes; Ammonia; Temperature; Polymers; Selectivity; Nitrogen; Carbon Dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2010.11.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the water content in the cathode of enzyme fuel cells via neutron imaging AN - 855720585; 14253025 AB - Neutron imaging was used to study cathode water content over time in a three-dimensional-cathode enzyme fuel cell (EFC). A porous carbon felt cathode allowed air to flow through the electrode. A solution with laccase and a mediator formed an aqueous layer on the electrode surface. Water loss was observed in situ via neutron imaging for varying experimental conditions, including flow rates of hydrogen and air, cathode inlet humidity, volume of enzyme solution, and its composition. Cathode water loss occurred for all experimental conditions, but the loss rate was noticeably reduced when a high-salt-concentration enzyme solution was used in the cathode in conjunction with increased humidity in the air feed stream. Results from neutron imaging and power density analysis were used in analyzing the causes that could contribute to EFC water loss. An increase in temperature due to the exothermic cathode reaction is considered a plausible cause of cathode water loss via evaporation. This is the first reported application of neutron imaging as a technique to study EFC water management. The results suggest that neutron imaging can be employed to provide a better understanding of EFC phenomena and thereby contribute to design and operational improvements of EFCs. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Aaron, D S AU - Borole AU - Hussey, D S AU - Jacobson, D L AU - Yiacoumi, S AU - Tsouris, C AD - School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA, tsourisc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/02/15/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Feb 15 SP - 1769 EP - 1775 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 196 IS - 4 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Enzyme fuel cell KW - Neutron imaging KW - Laccase KW - Three-dimensional cathode KW - Water management KW - Cathodes KW - Evaporation KW - Fuels KW - Streams KW - Carbon KW - Coastal inlets KW - Fuel KW - Humidity KW - Enzymes KW - Water content KW - Imaging techniques KW - Stream KW - Electrodes KW - Water Loss KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 0810:General KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855720585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+water+content+in+the+cathode+of+enzyme+fuel+cells+via+neutron+imaging&rft.au=Aaron%2C+D+S%3BBorole%3BHussey%2C+D+S%3BJacobson%2C+D+L%3BYiacoumi%2C+S%3BTsouris%2C+C&rft.aulast=Aaron&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2011-02-15&rft.volume=196&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1769&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2010.09.095 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cathodes; Water management; Stream; Fuels; Enzymes; Humidity; Coastal inlets; Water content; Imaging techniques; Carbon; Evaporation; Electrodes; Water Loss; Streams; Fuel DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.09.095 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combined inelastic neutron scattering and solid-state density functional theory study of dynamics of hydrogen atoms in muscovite 2M (sub 1) AN - 855184419; 2011-026522 AB - Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) was used to study dynamics of the hydrogen atoms in natural 2M (sub 1) muscovite in the 150-1200 cm (super -1) energy range. The resultant INS spectra are interpreted by means of solid-state density functional theory calculations covering both normal mode analysis and molecular dynamics. While signatures of the Al-O-H bending modes were found over the whole energy transfer range, the dominant contributions were observed between 800-1000 cm (super -1) . The modes assigned to the in-plane movements of the respective hydrogen atoms are well defined and always appear at high energies. In contrast, the modes corresponding to the out-of-plane movements are spread over large energy transfer ranges, extending down to the region of external (lattice) modes. The positions of the high-energy modes contributing to the INS band at approximately 907 cm (super -1) depend on the distance of respective hydrogen atoms to the nearest oxygen atom of the basal net and its polarity. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Smrcok, L'ubomir AU - Rieder, Milan AU - Kolesnikov, Alexander I AU - Granroth, Garrett E Y1 - 2011/02// PY - 2011 DA - February 2011 SP - 301 EP - 307 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 96 IS - 2-3 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - density functional theory KW - muscovite KW - inelastic neutron scattering KW - vibrational spectra KW - mica group KW - hydrogen KW - neutron diffraction data KW - sheet silicates KW - spectra KW - molecular dynamics KW - crystal chemistry KW - formula KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855184419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Combined+inelastic+neutron+scattering+and+solid-state+density+functional+theory+study+of+dynamics+of+hydrogen+atoms+in+muscovite+2M+%28sub+1%29&rft.au=Smrcok%2C+L%27ubomir%3BRieder%2C+Milan%3BKolesnikov%2C+Alexander+I%3BGranroth%2C+Garrett+E&rft.aulast=Smrcok&rft.aufirst=L%27ubomir&rft.date=2011-02-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam.2011.3618 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal chemistry; density functional theory; formula; hydrogen; inelastic neutron scattering; mica group; molecular dynamics; muscovite; neutron diffraction data; sheet silicates; silicates; spectra; vibrational spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2011.3618 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A method for experimental heating of intact soil profiles for application to climate change experiments AN - 853485813; 14172265 JF - Global Change Biology AU - Hanson, Paul J AU - Childs, Kenneth W AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Riggs, Jeffery S AU - Thomas, Warren K AU - Todd, Donald E AU - Warren, Jeffrey M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA Y1 - 2011/02// PY - 2011 DA - February 2011 SP - 1083 EP - 1096 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Soil KW - Climate change KW - Climatic changes KW - Soil profiles KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853485813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=A+method+for+experimental+heating+of+intact+soil+profiles+for+application+to+climate+change+experiments&rft.au=Hanson%2C+Paul+J%3BChilds%2C+Kenneth+W%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BRiggs%2C+Jeffery+S%3BThomas%2C+Warren+K%3BTodd%2C+Donald+E%3BWarren%2C+Jeffrey+M&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2011-02-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1083&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2486.2010.02221.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Document feature - figure 9 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil profiles; Climatic changes; Climate change; Soil DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02221.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of carboxylic and thiol ligands (oxalate, cysteine) on the kinetics of desorption of Hg(II) from kaolinite AN - 1524610863; 2014-030781 AB - Sorption and desorption of Hg(II) on clay minerals can impact the biogeochemical cycle and bio-uptake of Hg in the environment. We studied the kinetics of the desorption of Hg(II) from kaolinite as affected by oxalate and cysteine, representing the ligands with carboxylic and thiol groups of different affinities for Hg(II). The effects of pH (3, 5, and 7), ligand concentration (0.25 and 1.0 mM), and temperature (15 degrees C, 25 degrees C, and 35 degrees C) on the Hg(II) desorption were investigated through desorption kinetics. Our study showed that the Hg(II) desorption was pH dependent. In the absence of any organic ligand, >90% of the previously adsorbed Hg(II) desorbed at pH 3 within 2 h, compared to <10% at pH 7. Similar results were observed in the presence of oxalate, showing that it hardly affected the Hg(II) desorption. Cysteine inhibited the Hg(II) desorption significantly at all the pH tested, especially in the first 80 min with the desorption less than 20%, but the inhibition of the desorption appeared to be less prominent afterwards. The effect of the ligand concentration on the Hg(II) desorption was small, especially in the presence of oxalate. The effect of temperature on the Hg(II) desorption was nearly insignificant. The effect of the organic acids on the Hg(II) sorption and desorption is explained by the formation of the ternary surface complexes involving the mineral, ligand, and Hg(II). The competition for Hg(II) between the cysteine molecules adsorbed on the particle surfaces and in the solution phase probably can also affect the Hg(II) desorption. Copyright 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Senevirathna, Wasana U AU - Zhang, Hong AU - Gu, Baohua Y1 - 2011/02// PY - 2011 DA - February 2011 SP - 573 EP - 584 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 215 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - desorption KW - oxalates KW - remediation KW - bioaccumulation KW - ligands KW - kinetics KW - mercury KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - food chains KW - pollution KW - kaolinite KW - organo-metallics KW - clay minerals KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - methylmercury KW - isotherms KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524610863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Effect+of+carboxylic+and+thiol+ligands+%28oxalate%2C+cysteine%29+on+the+kinetics+of+desorption+of+Hg%28II%29+from+kaolinite&rft.au=Senevirathna%2C+Wasana+U%3BZhang%2C+Hong%3BGu%2C+Baohua&rft.aulast=Senevirathna&rft.aufirst=Wasana&rft.date=2011-02-01&rft.volume=215&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11270-010-0500-3 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11270-010-0500-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; bioaccumulation; clay minerals; desorption; food chains; humic substances; isotherms; kaolinite; kinetics; ligands; mercury; metals; methylmercury; organic acids; organic compounds; organo-metallics; oxalates; pollution; remediation; sheet silicates; silicates; soils; sorption; toxic materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-010-0500-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving energy efficiency and enabling water recycling in biorefineries using bioelectrochemical systems AN - 1323806600; 15038821 AB - Improving biofuel yield and water reuse are two important issues in the further development of biorefineries. An alternative to the typical combustion-based approach to handle residual organics stream by implementation of bioelectrochemical systems such as microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and/or microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) to improve energy recovery from biomass is presented. The potential advantages of this alternative scheme in a biorefinery include minimization of heat loss and generation of a higher-value product: electricity (in MFC) or hydrogen (MEC). The need for 5-15 gallons of water per gallon of ethanol can be reduced significantly via recycling of water after MEC treatment. Removal of inhibitory byproducts such as furans, phenolics, and acetate in MFC/MECs to generate energy, thus, has dual advantages: improvements in energy efficiency and ability to recycle water. Conversion of the sugar- and lignin-degradation products to hydrogen is synergistic with biorefinery hydrogen requirements for upgrading Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) liquids and other byproducts to high-octane fuels and/or high-value products. Some of these products include sorbitol, succinic acid, furan and levulinate derivatives, glycols, polyols, 1,4-butenadiol, phenolics polymers, etc. Potential process alternatives utilizing MECs in biorefineries capable of improving energy efficiency by up to 30% are discussed. Published in 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd JF - Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining AU - Borole, Abhijeet P Y1 - 2011/02// PY - 2011 DA - Feb 2011 SP - 28 EP - 36 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA, [mailto:info@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Brand/id-35.html] VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1932-104X, 1932-104X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Acetic acid KW - Biofuels KW - Biomass KW - Electricity KW - Electrolysis KW - Ethanol KW - Fuels KW - Furans KW - Heat loss KW - Hydrogen KW - Recycling KW - Refining KW - Sorbitol KW - Streams KW - Succinic acid KW - fuel cells KW - phenolic compounds KW - polyols KW - W 30940:Products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1323806600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.atitle=Improving+energy+efficiency+and+enabling+water+recycling+in+biorefineries+using+bioelectrochemical+systems&rft.au=Borole%2C+Abhijeet+P&rft.aulast=Borole&rft.aufirst=Abhijeet&rft.date=2011-02-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+and+Biorefining&rft.issn=1932104X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbbb.265 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bbb.265/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fuel cells; Fuels; Sorbitol; Refining; Hydrogen; Electricity; Recycling; Furans; Biomass; Streams; Acetic acid; polyols; Heat loss; phenolic compounds; Electrolysis; Succinic acid; Biofuels; Ethanol DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.265 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of "Alamo" switchgrass tissue chemistry and biomass to nitrogen fertilization in West Tennessee, USA AN - 864418060; 14363483 AB - a- High N fertilization decreased root:shoot ratios in 5-year old switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). a- Nitrogen fertilization increased root nitrogen concentrations and decreased root C:N ratios. a- There was more carbon and nitrogen stored in belowground biomass than aboveground. a- Fertilization impacted tissue chemistry in ways that potentially affect soil carbon storage. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is a perennial, warm-season grass that has been identified as a potential biofuel feedstock over a large part of North America. We examined above- and belowground responses to nitrogen fertilization in "Alamo" switchgrass grown in West Tennessee, USA. The fertilizer study included a spring and fall sampling of 5-year old switchgrass grown under annual applications of 0, 67, and 202kgNhaa degree 1 (as ammonium nitrate). Fertilization changed switchgrass biomass allocation as indicated by root:shoot ratios. End-of-growing season root:shoot ratios (meanA plus or minus SE) declined significantly (P a[control][curren]0.05) at the highest fertilizer nitrogen treatment (2.16A plus or minus 0.08, 2.02A plus or minus 0.18, and 0.88A plus or minus 0.14, respectively, at 0, 67, and 202kgNhaa degree 1). Fertilization also significantly increased above- and belowground nitrogen concentrations and decreased plant C:N ratios. Data are presented for coarse live roots, fine live roots, coarse dead roots, fine dead roots, and rhizomes. At the end of the growing season, there was more carbon and nitrogen stored in belowground biomass than aboveground biomass. Fertilization impacted switchgrass tissue chemistry and biomass allocation in ways that potentially impact soil carbon cycle processes and soil carbon storage. JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment AU - Garten, Charles T AU - Brice, Deanne J AU - Castro, Hector F AU - Graham, Robin L AU - Mayes, Melanie A AU - Phillips, Jana R AU - Post, Wilfred M AU - Schadt, Christopher W AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Tyler, Donald D AU - Jardine, Phillip M AU - Jastrow, Julie D AU - Matamala, Roser AU - Miller, RMichael AU - Moran, Kelly K AU - Vugteveen, Timothy W AU - Izaurralde, RCesar AU - Thomson, Allison M AU - West, Tristram O AU - Amonette, James E AU - Bailey, Vanessa L AU - Metting, FBlaine AU - Smith, Jeffrey L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States, gartenctjr@ornl.gov gartenctjr@ornl.gov gartenctjr@ornl.gov gartenctjr@ornl.gov gartenctjr@ornl.gov gartenctjr@ornl.gov gartenctjr@ornl.gov gartenctjr@ornl.gov gartenctjr@ornl.gov gartenctjr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/01/30/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Jan 30 SP - 289 EP - 297 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 140 IS - 1-2 SN - 0167-8809, 0167-8809 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Switchgrass KW - Nitrogen fertilization KW - Shoot biomass KW - Root biomass KW - Carbon stocks KW - Nitrogen stocks KW - Tissue chemistry KW - Nitrogen balance KW - Root:shoot ratio KW - C:N ratio KW - Tissues KW - Fuel technology KW - Grasses KW - Roots KW - Soil KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Fertilizers KW - Fertilization KW - Sampling KW - ammonium nitrate KW - Panicum virgatum KW - Data processing KW - Rhizomes KW - Carbon cycle KW - Biomass KW - Agrochemicals KW - USA, Tennessee KW - fertilization KW - Biofuels KW - Nitrogen KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/864418060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Response+of+%22Alamo%22+switchgrass+tissue+chemistry+and+biomass+to+nitrogen+fertilization+in+West+Tennessee%2C+USA&rft.au=Garten%2C+Charles+T%3BBrice%2C+Deanne+J%3BCastro%2C+Hector+F%3BGraham%2C+Robin+L%3BMayes%2C+Melanie+A%3BPhillips%2C+Jana+R%3BPost%2C+Wilfred+M%3BSchadt%2C+Christopher+W%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BTyler%2C+Donald+D%3BJardine%2C+Phillip+M%3BJastrow%2C+Julie+D%3BMatamala%2C+Roser%3BMiller%2C+RMichael%3BMoran%2C+Kelly+K%3BVugteveen%2C+Timothy+W%3BIzaurralde%2C+RCesar%3BThomson%2C+Allison+M%3BWest%2C+Tristram+O%3BAmonette%2C+James+E%3BBailey%2C+Vanessa+L%3BMetting%2C+FBlaine%3BSmith%2C+Jeffrey+L&rft.aulast=Garten&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2011-01-30&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01678809&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agee.2010.12.016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Grasses; Rhizomes; Carbon cycle; Roots; Biomass; Soil; Fertilization; Fertilizers; Sampling; Biofuels; Nitrogen; ammonium nitrate; Fuel technology; Tissues; Carbon sequestration; fertilization; Agrochemicals; Panicum virgatum; USA, Tennessee DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.12.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury reduction and complexation by natural organic matter in anoxic environments AN - 1464886385; 2013-094815 AB - Mercuric Hg(II) species form complexes with natural dissolved organic matter (DOM) such as humic acid (HA), and this binding is known to affect the chemical and biological transformation and cycling of mercury in aquatic environments. Dissolved elemental mercury, Hg(0), is also widely observed in sediments and water. However, reactions between Hg(0) and DOM have rarely been studied in anoxic environments. Here, under anoxic dark conditions we show strong interactions between reduced HA and Hg(0) through thiolate ligand-induced oxidative complexation with an estimated binding capacity of approximately 3.5 mu mol Hg/g HA and a partitioning coefficient >10 (super 6) mL/g. We further demonstrate that Hg(II) can be effectively reduced to Hg(0) in the presence of as little as 0.2 mg/L reduced HA, whereas production of Hg(0) is inhibited by complexation as HA concentration increases. This dual role played by DOM in the reduction and complexation of mercury is likely widespread in anoxic sediments and water and can be expected to significantly influence the mercury species transformations and biological uptake that leads to the formation of toxic methylmercury. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Bian, Yongrong AU - Miller, Carrie L AU - Dong, Wenming AU - Jiang, Xin AU - Liang, Liyuan Y1 - 2011/01/25/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Jan 25 SP - 1479 EP - 1483 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 108 IS - 4 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - complexing KW - humic acids KW - bioaccumulation KW - partitioning KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - sediments KW - valency KW - reduction KW - Eh KW - mercury KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - organo-metallics KW - geochemical cycle KW - gases KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - methylmercury KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - anaerobic environment KW - aquatic environment KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464886385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Mercury+reduction+and+complexation+by+natural+organic+matter+in+anoxic+environments&rft.au=Gu%2C+Baohua%3BBian%2C+Yongrong%3BMiller%2C+Carrie+L%3BDong%2C+Wenming%3BJiang%2C+Xin%3BLiang%2C+Liyuan&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Baohua&rft.date=2011-01-25&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1479&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1008747108 L2 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/journals/2/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - PNASA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aquatic environment; bioaccumulation; chemical reactions; complexing; Eh; experimental studies; gases; geochemical cycle; humic acids; humic substances; laboratory studies; mercury; metals; methylmercury; organic acids; organic compounds; organo-metallics; partitioning; pollution; reduction; sediments; soil pollution; solutes; valency; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1008747108 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ion Selectivity Mechanism in a Bacterial Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channel AN - 855714423; 14258297 AB - The proton-gated ion channel from Gloeobacter violaceus (GLIC) is a prokaryotic homolog of the eukaryotic nicotinic acetylcholine receptor that responds to the binding of neurotransmitter acetylcholine and mediates fast signal transmission. Recent emergence of a high-resolution crystal structure of GLIC captured in a potentially open state allowed detailed, atomic-level insight into ion conduction and selectivity mechanisms in these channels. Herein, we have examined the barriers to ion conduction and origins of ion selectivity in the GLIC channel by the construction of potential-of-mean-force profiles for sodium and chloride ions inside the transmembrane region. Our calculations reveal that the GLIC channel is open for a sodium ion to transport, but presents a [inline image]11 kcal/mol free energy barrier for a chloride ion. Our collective findings identify three distinct contributions to the observed preference for the permeant ions. First, there is a substantial contribution due to a ring of negatively charged glutamate residues (E-2') at the narrow intracellular end of the channel. The negative electrostatics of this region and the ability of the glutamate side chains to directly bind cations would strongly favor the passage of sodium ions while hindering translocation of chloride ions. Second, our results imply a significant hydrophobic contribution to selectivity linked to differences in the desolvation penalty for the sodium versus chloride ions in the central hydrophobic region of the pore. This hydrophobic contribution is evidenced by the large free energy barriers experienced by Cl super(-) in the middle of the pore for both GLIC and the E-2'A mutant. Finally, there is a distinct contribution arising from the overall negative electrostatics of the channel. JF - Biophysical Journal AU - Fritsch, Sebastian AU - Ivanov, Ivaylo AU - Wang, Hailong AU - Cheng, Xiaolin Y1 - 2011/01/19/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Jan 19 SP - 390 EP - 398 PB - Biophysical Society VL - 100 IS - 2 SN - 0006-3495, 0006-3495 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Bacteria KW - Channel pores KW - Electrostatic properties KW - Hydrophobicity KW - Chloride KW - Gloeobacter violaceus KW - Free energy KW - Acetylcholine receptors (nicotinic) KW - Sodium KW - Neurotransmission KW - Ion channels KW - Crystal structure KW - Ion channels (ligand-gated) KW - Neurotransmitters KW - Glutamic acid KW - Conduction KW - Translocation KW - J 02330:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855714423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biophysical+Journal&rft.atitle=Ion+Selectivity+Mechanism+in+a+Bacterial+Pentameric+Ligand-Gated+Ion+Channel&rft.au=Fritsch%2C+Sebastian%3BIvanov%2C+Ivaylo%3BWang%2C+Hailong%3BCheng%2C+Xiaolin&rft.aulast=Fritsch&rft.aufirst=Sebastian&rft.date=2011-01-19&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=390&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biophysical+Journal&rft.issn=00063495&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bpj.2010.11.077 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Channel pores; Chloride; Hydrophobicity; Electrostatic properties; Acetylcholine receptors (nicotinic); Free energy; Sodium; Neurotransmission; Ion channels; Crystal structure; Ion channels (ligand-gated); Glutamic acid; Neurotransmitters; Conduction; Translocation; Bacteria; Gloeobacter violaceus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2010.11.077 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of lean/rich high temperature aging on NO oxidation and NO sub(x) storage/release of a fully formulated lean NO sub(x) trap AN - 1671262632; 14182163 AB - Commercial-intent lean NO sub(x) traps (LNTs) containing Pt, Pd, Rh, Ba, Ce, Zr, and other proprietary additives were thermally aged at 750, 880, 930, and 1070 degree C using lean/rich cycling and then investigated for effects of aging on NO sub(x) storage capacity, NO oxidation, NO sub(x) reduction, and materials properties. Additionally, DRIFTS analysis was used to determine the effects of high temperature aging on surface chemistry and NO sub(x) storage. As platinum group metal (PGM) dispersion decreases with aging, the NO turnover frequency (TOF) for NO oxidation at 200, 300, and 400 degree C is shown to increase. The fraction of stored NO sub(x) that is successfully reduced also increases with aging, and it is suggested that this is accounted for by a slower release of more stable NO sub(x) species resulting from thermal aging. NO sub(x) storage and NO sub(x) release experiments performed with DRIFTS at 200, 300, and 400 degree C indicate that a substantial amount of NO sub(x) is stored on Al sub(2)O sub(3) as nitrates at 200 and 300 degree C before aging. However, almost no nitrates are seen on alumina after aging at 900 and 1000 degree C, resulting in a significant reduction in NO sub(x) storage capacity. This is most likely due to a 45% reduction in total surface area and a high temperature redispersion of Ba over remaining alumina sites. No evidence of BaAl sub(2)O sub(4) was observed with XRD. JF - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental AU - Ottinger, Nathan A AU - Toops, Todd J AU - Nguyen, Ke AU - Bunting, Bruce G AU - Howe, Jane AD - Fuels, Engines and Emissions Research Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2360 Cherahala Blvd., Knoxville, TN 37932, USA Y1 - 2011/01/14/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Jan 14 SP - 486 EP - 494 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 101 IS - 3-4 SN - 0926-3373, 0926-3373 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); METADEX (MD); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - DRIFTS KW - Lean NOx trap KW - Thermal aging KW - Fully formulated KW - PGM dispersion KW - NOx storage capacity KW - NOx release KW - STEM KW - XRD KW - Storage capacity KW - Dispersions KW - Reduction KW - Nitrates KW - Drift KW - Aluminum oxide KW - Oxidation KW - Platinum KW - Surface chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671262632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Catalysis+B%3A+Environmental&rft.atitle=Effect+of+lean%2Frich+high+temperature+aging+on+NO+oxidation+and+NO+sub%28x%29+storage%2Frelease+of+a+fully+formulated+lean+NO+sub%28x%29+trap&rft.au=Ottinger%2C+Nathan+A%3BToops%2C+Todd+J%3BNguyen%2C+Ke%3BBunting%2C+Bruce+G%3BHowe%2C+Jane&rft.aulast=Ottinger&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.date=2011-01-14&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=486&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Catalysis+B%3A+Environmental&rft.issn=09263373&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apcatb.2010.10.020 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2010.10.020 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feebates and Fuel Economy Standards Impacts on Fuel Use in Light-Duty Vehicles and Greenhouse Gas Emissions AN - 968166464; 16436366 AB - This study evaluates the potential impacts of a national feebate system, a market-based policy that consists of graduated fees on low-fuel-economy (or high-emitting) vehicles and rebates for high-fuel-economy (or low-emitting) vehicles. In their simplest form, feebate systems operate under three conditions: a benchmark divides all vehicles into two categories those charged fees and those eligible for rebates; the sizes of the fees and rebates are a function of a vehicle's deviation from its benchmark; and placement of the benchmark ensures revenue neutrality or a desired level of subsidy or revenue. A model developed by the University of California for the California Air Resources Board was revised and used to estimate the effects of six feebate structures on fuel economy and sales of new light-duty vehicles, given existing and anticipated future fuel economy and emission standards. These estimates for new vehicles were then entered into a vehicle stock model that simulated the evolution of the entire vehicle stock. The results indicate that feebates could produce large, additional reductions in emissions and fuel consumption, in large part by encouraging market acceptance of technologies with advanced fuel economy, such as hybrid electric vehicles. JF - Transportation Research Record AU - Liu, Changzheng AU - Cooke, Elizabeth C AU - Greene, David L AU - Bunch, David S AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Transportation Research Center, 2360 Cherahala Boulevard, Knoxville, TN 37932, liuc2@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 23 EP - 30 PB - Transportation Research Board IS - 2252 SN - 0361-1981, 0361-1981 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Transportation KW - hybrids KW - benchmarks KW - fuel economy KW - Fuels KW - Emissions KW - Emission standards KW - fees KW - Greenhouse gases KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/968166464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.atitle=Feebates+and+Fuel+Economy+Standards+Impacts+on+Fuel+Use+in+Light-Duty+Vehicles+and+Greenhouse+Gas+Emissions&rft.au=Liu%2C+Changzheng%3BCooke%2C+Elizabeth+C%3BGreene%2C+David+L%3BBunch%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Changzheng&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=2252&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.issn=03611981&rft_id=info:doi/10.3141%2F2252-04 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hybrids; Transportation; benchmarks; fuel economy; Fuels; Emission standards; Emissions; fees; Greenhouse gases DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2252-04 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discovery of glassy carbon in meteoritic nanodiamond residues; implications for nanodiamond origins AN - 959098775; 2012-034819 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Stroud, Rhonda M AU - Chisholm, M F AU - Heck, P R AU - Alexander, C M O AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Paper no. 1940 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 42 KW - STEM data KW - stony meteorites KW - glassy carbon KW - scanning transmission electron microscopy KW - crystal structure KW - CV chondrites KW - Murchison Meteorite KW - Allende Meteorite KW - meteorites KW - carbon KW - diamond KW - spectra KW - chondrites KW - nanodiamond KW - bulk density KW - impurities KW - supernovas KW - nucleosynthesis KW - native elements KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - TEM data KW - order-disorder KW - ultrastructure KW - stars KW - CM chondrites KW - electron energy loss spectra KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/959098775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Discovery+of+glassy+carbon+in+meteoritic+nanodiamond+residues%3B+implications+for+nanodiamond+origins&rft.au=Stroud%2C+Rhonda+M%3BChisholm%2C+M+F%3BHeck%2C+P+R%3BAlexander%2C+C+M+O%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stroud&rft.aufirst=Rhonda&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2011/pdf/1940.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Forty-second lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Jan. 17, 2012 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Allende Meteorite; bulk density; carbon; carbonaceous chondrites; chondrites; CM chondrites; crystal structure; CV chondrites; diamond; electron energy loss spectra; glassy carbon; impurities; meteorites; Murchison Meteorite; nanodiamond; native elements; nucleosynthesis; order-disorder; scanning transmission electron microscopy; spectra; stars; STEM data; stony meteorites; supernovas; TEM data; ultrastructure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Review and model-based analysis of factors influencing soil carbon sequestration under hybrid poplar AN - 954596280; 14184382 AB - The potential for soil carbon (C) sequestration under short-rotation woody crops, like hybrid poplar (Populus spp.), is a significant uncertainty in our understanding of how managed tree plantations might be used to partially offset increasing atmospheric CO sub(2) concentrations. Through development of a multi-compartment model, we reviewed information from studies on hybrid poplar and analyzed the potential impact of changes in plant traits and nitrogen (N) fertilization on soil C storage. For a hypothetical setting in the southeastern U.S.A., and starting from soils that are relatively depleted in organic matter (2.5 kg C m super(-2)), the model predicted an increase in mineral soil C stocks (1.7 kg C m super(-2)) over four 7-year rotations of hybrid poplar. However, at the end of the fourth rotation, both cumulative soil C gains and annual rates of soil C accrual (23-93 g C m super(-2) yr super(-1)) varied widely depending on fertilization rate, biomass yield, and rates of dead root decomposition (three factors that were examined in a factorial model-based experiment). Our analysis indicated that processes linked to genetically modifiable poplar traits (aboveground biomass production, belowground C allocation, root decomposition) are potential controls on soil C sequestration. Key measures of model performance were sensitive to how aboveground biomass production responded to N fertilization. Site specific properties that were independent of plant traits were also important to predicted soil C accumulation and point to possible genotype x site interactions that may explain contradictory data from both empirical and theoretical studies of C sequestration under hybrid poplar plantations. JF - Biomass and Bioenergy AU - Garten, C T AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Classen, A T AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Mail Stop 6036, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036, USA, gartenctjr@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 214 EP - 226 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0961-9534, 0961-9534 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Bioenergy crops KW - Short-rotation woody crops KW - Tree plantations KW - Hybrid poplar KW - Soil carbon sequestration KW - Populus KW - Trees KW - Roots KW - Genotypes KW - Decomposition KW - Crops KW - plantations KW - Soil KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Fertilization KW - Carbon KW - Hybrids KW - Data processing KW - Organic matter KW - Biomass KW - Plantations KW - hybrids KW - fertilization KW - Reviews KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Minerals KW - Nitrogen KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954596280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomass+and+Bioenergy&rft.atitle=Review+and+model-based+analysis+of+factors+influencing+soil+carbon+sequestration+under+hybrid+poplar&rft.au=Garten%2C+C+T%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BClassen%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Garten&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=214&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomass+and+Bioenergy&rft.issn=09619534&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biombioe.2010.08.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Trees; Organic matter; Roots; Genotypes; Biomass; Plantations; Decomposition; Crops; Soil; Fertilization; Carbon; Hybrids; Reviews; Carbon dioxide; Minerals; Nitrogen; plantations; Carbon sequestration; fertilization; hybrids; Populus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.08.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological Lessons from Free-Air CO sub(2) Enrichment (FACE) Experiments AN - 920796361; 16259625 AB - Free-air CO sub(2) enrichment (FACE) experiments have provided novel insights into the ecological mechanisms controlling the cycling and storage of carbon in terrestrial ecosystems and contribute to our ability to project how ecosystems respond to increasing CO sub(2) in the Earth's atmosphere. Important lessons emerge by evaluating a set of hypotheses that initially guided the design and longevity of forested FACE experiments. Net primary productivity is increased by elevated CO sub(2), but the response can diminish over time. Carbon accumulation is driven by the distribution of carbon among plant and soil components with differing turnover rates and by interactions between the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Plant community structure may change, but elevated CO sub(2) has only minor effects on microbial community structure. FACE results provide a strong foundation for next-generation experiments in unexplored ecosystems and inform coupled climate-biogeochemjcal models of the ecological mechanisms controlling ecosystem response to the rising atmospheric CO sub(2) concentration. JF - Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics AU - Norby, R J AU - Zak AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA, norbyrj@ornl.gov PY - 2011 SP - 181 EP - 203 VL - 42 SN - 1543-592X, 1543-592X KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Terrestrial ecosystems KW - Community structure KW - Reviews KW - Plant communities KW - Carbon cycle KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Atmosphere KW - Longevity KW - Nitrogen KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/920796361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Ecology%2C+Evolution+and+Systematics&rft.atitle=Ecological+Lessons+from+Free-Air+CO+sub%282%29+Enrichment+%28FACE%29+Experiments&rft.au=Norby%2C+R+J%3BZak&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Ecology%2C+Evolution+and+Systematics&rft.issn=1543592X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev-ecolsys-102209-144647 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Terrestrial ecosystems; Carbon; Community structure; Reviews; Carbon cycle; Plant communities; Carbon dioxide; Atmosphere; Longevity; Nitrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102209-144647 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A generic biokinetic model for Carbon-14 AN - 918041877; 14220858 AB - The generic biokinetic model currently recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) for the treatment of systemic radiocarbon assumes uniform distribution of activity in tissues and a biological half-time of 40 d. This model is intended to generate cautiously high estimates of dose per unit intake of C-14 and, in fact, generally predicts a much higher effective dose than systemic models that have been developed on the basis of biokinetic studies of specific carbon compounds. The simplistic model formulation precludes its application as a bioassay model or adjustment to fit case-specific bioassay data. This paper proposes a new generic biokinetic model for systemic radiocarbon that is less conservative than the current ICRP model but maintains sufficient conservatism to overestimate the effective dose coefficients generated by most radiocarbon-compound-specific models. The proposed model includes two systemic pools with different biological half-times representing an initial systemic form of absorbed radiocarbon, a submodel describing the behaviour of labelled carbon dioxide produced in vivo, and three excretion pathways: breath, urine and faeces. Generic excretion rates along each path are based on multi-phase excretion curves observed in experimental studies of radiocarbons. The generic model structure is designed so that the user may adjust the level of dosimetric conservatism to fit the information at hand and may adjust parameter values for consistency with subject-specific or site-specific bioassay data. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Manger, R P AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 42 EP - 51 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK VL - 143 IS - 1 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Bioassays KW - Carbon compounds KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Dose-response effects KW - Dosimetry KW - Excretion KW - Urine KW - commissions KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918041877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=A+generic+biokinetic+model+for+Carbon-14&rft.au=Manger%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Manger&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=143&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - commissions; Bioassays; Carbon compounds; Urine; Dose-response effects; Dosimetry; Excretion; Carbon dioxide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reliance of the rate of dissolution of the SON68 glass on SiO (sub 2) (aq); new quantification using interferometry AN - 885303006; 610500-3 AB - At present, one of the most vexing problems confronting experimentalists and modelers alike is how nuclear waste glasses will react long-term in the repository environment. Many of the experiments that underpin modeling efforts have been conducted at conditions that are not germane to answering these questions. One of the most important constituents in natural subsurface waters is dissolved silica [SiO (sub 2) (aq)], and efforts are underway to understand the dependence of the dissolution rate on this component. A method to determine rates accurately in solutions containing high concentrations of SiO (sub 2) (aq) is needed. We present evidence that rates of glass dissolution can be quantified by using a Vertical Scanning Interferometer (VSI) over a range of SiO (sub 2) (aq) concentrations. Polished glass monoliths (SON68) were exposed to solutions containing 0 to 5.46X10 (super -3) mol/L SiO (sub 2) (aq) at 90 degrees C and pH = 9. Both batch (static) and flow-through reactor systems were employed. In the former, the surface area of glass to volume of solution ratio (SA/V) was kept at a low value, ensuring that the system maintained a constant chemical affinity. In the flow-through systems, the SA/V ratio was higher and the release of elements into solution was monitored to ensure steady-state values. Dissolution rates by VSI were determined by comparing the height of the reacted surface to that of a pristine reference surface, and these rates were compared against those determined by assaying the effluent solutions from the flow-through experiments. The results revealed a close correspondence between the two methods for determining rates, and both methods indicated a linear dependence of the rates upon the concentration of SiO (sub 2) (aq) in solution [log R = -1.37 X 10 (super -2) (Si) - 5.41]. This linear dependence shows that the rate can be quantified at conditions pertinent to the disposal environment and that a mechanistic basis for predicting rates can be realized. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Icenhower, Jonathan P AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Luttge, Andreas AU - Ryan, Joe AU - Pierce, Eric M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 1077 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - experimental studies KW - pollution KW - mineral-water interface KW - solution KW - interferometry KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - quantitative analysis KW - dissolved materials KW - silica KW - waste disposal KW - water pollution KW - glass materials KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/885303006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Reliance+of+the+rate+of+dissolution+of+the+SON68+glass+on+SiO+%28sub+2%29+%28aq%29%3B+new+quantification+using+interferometry&rft.au=Icenhower%2C+Jonathan+P%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BLuttge%2C+Andreas%3BRyan%2C+Joe%3BPierce%2C+Eric+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Icenhower&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1077&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/75/3/1076.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2011 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dissolved materials; experimental studies; geochemistry; glass materials; ground water; interferometry; laboratory studies; mineral-water interface; pollution; quantitative analysis; radioactive waste; silica; solution; waste disposal; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogas potential and microbial population distributions in flushed dairy manure and implications on anaerobic digestion technology AN - 883032026; 15245435 AB - BACKGROUND: There remain technological deficiencies in the economical anaerobic digestion of the entire flow of flushed dairy manure on farms within cold climates. In order to develop an anaerobic digester tailored for this purpose, this study investigated the distributions of biomass and biogas generated in three particle-size-characterized zones of flushed dairy manure. RESULTS: Results demonstrate that comparable biogas generations are equally distributed between the solids and liquid phases of flushed dairy manure, implying that at least 50% of methane generation might be lost when utilizing existing processes that only selectively handle the liquid or solids phases. Microscopic and kinetic studies show that the majority of microorganisms in the manure are attached to the surface of undigested dairy manure fibrous solids. In particular, greater than 70% of acetate-utilizing methanogens were found closely associated with the indigestible solids. This high microbial affinity to the dairy manure solids phase can be traced back to the selection pressure driven bacterial immobilization mechanism in cattle rumen. CONCLUSION: This study shows that dairy manure fibrous solids have the potential to act as effective natural biomass carriers for high rate and simultaneous methanation of both solids and liquid phases of flushed dairy manure in one digester. JF - Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology AU - Frear, Craig AU - Wang, Zhi-Wu AU - Li, Chenlin AU - Chen, Shulin AD - Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, P.O. Box 646120, Pullman, WA 99164-6120, USA, wangz2@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 145 EP - 152 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 86 IS - 1 SN - 1097-4660, 1097-4660 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Methane KW - Farms KW - Manure KW - Rumen KW - Climate KW - biogas KW - Methanogenic bacteria KW - Biomass KW - Anaerobic digestion KW - Acetic acid KW - Dairies KW - Kinetics KW - Microorganisms KW - Immobilization KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/883032026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chemical+Technology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Biogas+potential+and+microbial+population+distributions+in+flushed+dairy+manure+and+implications+on+anaerobic+digestion+technology&rft.au=Frear%2C+Craig%3BWang%2C+Zhi-Wu%3BLi%2C+Chenlin%3BChen%2C+Shulin&rft.aulast=Frear&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chemical+Technology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10974660&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjctb.2484 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jctb.2484/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Manure; Farms; Rumen; biogas; Climate; Anaerobic digestion; Biomass; Methanogenic bacteria; Acetic acid; Dairies; Kinetics; Microorganisms; Immobilization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.2484 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Litterfall super(15)N abundance indicates declining soil nitrogen availability in a free-air CO sub(2) enrichment experiment AN - 867742004; 14806194 AB - Forest productivity increases in response to carbon dioxide (CO2) enrichment of the atmosphere. However, in nitrogen-limited ecosystems, increased productivity may cause a decline in soil nitrogen (N) availability and induce a negative feedback on further enhancement of forest production. In a free-air CO sub(2) enrichment (FACE) experiment, the response of sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) productivity to elevated CO sub(2) concentrations [CO sub(2)] has declined over time, but documenting an associated change in soil N availability has been difficult. Here we assess the time history of soil N availability through analysis of natural super(15)N abundance in archived samples of freshly fallen leaf litterfall. Litterfall delta super(15)N declined from 1998 to 2005, and the rate of decline was significantly faster in elevated [CO sub(2)]. Declining leaf litterfall delta super(15)N is indicative of a tighter ecosystem N cycle and more limited soil N availability. By integrating N availability over time and throughout the soil profile, temporal dynamics in leaf litterfall delta super(15)N provide a powerful tool for documenting changes in N availability and the critical feedbacks between C and N cycles that will control forest response to elevated atmospheric CO sub(2) concentrations. JF - Ecology AU - Garten, CT Jr AU - Iversen, C M AU - Norby, R J AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 USA, gartenctjr@ornl.gov A2 - Henry, HAL (ed) Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 133 EP - 139 VL - 92 IS - 1 SN - 0012-9658, 0012-9658 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Abundance KW - Soil profiles KW - Leaves KW - Forests KW - Liquidambar styraciflua KW - Feedback KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Atmosphere KW - Nitrogen KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/867742004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=Litterfall+super%2815%29N+abundance+indicates+declining+soil+nitrogen+availability+in+a+free-air+CO+sub%282%29+enrichment+experiment&rft.au=Garten%2C+CT+Jr%3BIversen%2C+C+M%3BNorby%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Garten&rft.aufirst=CT&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology&rft.issn=00129658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil profiles; Abundance; Leaves; Forests; Feedback; Carbon dioxide; Atmosphere; Nitrogen; Liquidambar styraciflua ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impact of water flow configuration on crystallisation in LiBr-H2O absorption water heater AN - 867738322; 14625797 AB - Lithium Bromide (LiBr) strong solution entering the absorber tends to crystallise when the absorber temperature is increased for a fixed evaporating pressure. This is considered the key technical barrier for the development of a LiBr absorption heat pump water heater. There are several approaches to avoid the crystallisation problem, such as chemical crystallisation inhibitors, heat and mass transfer enhancement and thermodynamic cycle modification. This paper investigates and compares two flow configurations of LiBr absorption heat pump water heater to evaluate the allowable operating conditions for each. The simulation results indicated that introducing the process water through the absorber first results in lower absorber temperature and hence less tendency for crystallisation. JF - International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy AU - Wang, Kai AU - Abdelaziz, Omar AU - Vineyard, Edward A AD - Building Equipment Research Group, Energy and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6070, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6070, USA. Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 393 EP - 404 PB - Inderscience Publishers Ltd., PO Box 735 Olney Bucks MK46 5WB UK VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 1472-8923, 1472-8923 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT KW - MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS KW - Energy KW - Infrastructures KW - Policy and Organisational Management KW - Technology Management KW - Thermodynamics KW - Heat exchangers KW - Absorption KW - Temperature KW - water flow KW - Simulation KW - Lithium KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/867738322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Energy+Technology+and+Policy&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+water+flow+configuration+on+crystallisation+in+LiBr-H2O+absorption+water+heater&rft.au=Wang%2C+Kai%3BAbdelaziz%2C+Omar%3BVineyard%2C+Edward+A&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Kai&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Energy+Technology+and+Policy&rft.issn=14728923&rft_id=info:doi/10.1504%2FIJETP.2011.039221 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thermodynamics; Heat exchangers; Temperature; Absorption; Simulation; water flow; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJETP.2011.039221 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solubility and near-equilibrium dissolution rates of quartz in dilute NaCl solutions at 398-473 K under alkaline conditions AN - 864943462; 2011-039743 AB - The dissolution-precipitation of quartz controls porosity and permeability in many lithologies and may be the best studied mineral-water reaction. However, the rate of quartz-water reaction is relatively well characterized far from equilibrium but relatively unexplored near equilibrium. We present kinetic data for quartz as equilibrium is approached from undersaturation and more limited data on the approach from supersaturated conditions in 0.1 molal NaCl+NaOH+NaSiO(OH) (sub 3) solutions with pH 8.2-9.7 at 398, 423, 448, and 473 K. We employed a potentiometric technique that allows precise determination of solution speciation within 2 kJ mol (super -1) of equilibrium without the need for to perturb the system through physical sampling and chemical analysis. Slightly higher equilibrium solubilities between 423 and 473 K were found than reported in recent compilations. Apparent activation energies of 29 and 37 kJ mol (super -1) are inferred for rates of dissolution at two surface sites with different values of connectedness: dissolution at Q (super 1) or Q (super 2) silicon sites, respectively. The dissolution mechanism varies with Delta G such that reactions at both sites control dissolution up until a critical free energy value above which only reactions at Q (super 1) sites are important. When our near-equilibrium dissolution rates are extrapolated far from equilibrium, they agree within propagated uncertainty at 398 K with a recently published model by Bickmore et al. (2008). However, our extrapolated rates become progressively slower than model predictions with increasing temperature. Furthermore, we see no dependence of the postulated Q (super 1) reaction rate on pH, and a poorly-constrained pH dependence of the postulated Q (super 2) rate. Our slow extrapolated rates are presumably related to the increasing contribution of dissolution at Q (super 3) sites far from equilibrium. The use of the potentiometric technique for rate measurement will yield both rate data and insights into the mechanisms of dissolution over a range of chemical affinity. Such measurements are needed to model the evolution of many natural systems quantitatively. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Davis, Michael C AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Rosenqvist, Joergen AU - Brantley, Susan L AU - Mueller, Karl T Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - January 2011 SP - 401 EP - 415 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 75 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - sodium chloride KW - solutions KW - silica minerals KW - solubility KW - temperature KW - alkalic composition KW - models KW - activation energy KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - phase equilibria KW - dilution KW - precipitation KW - mathematical methods KW - quartz KW - framework silicates KW - crystal chemistry KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - SEM data KW - pH KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/864943462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Solubility+and+near-equilibrium+dissolution+rates+of+quartz+in+dilute+NaCl+solutions+at+398-473+K+under+alkaline+conditions&rft.au=Davis%2C+Michael+C%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BRosenqvist%2C+Joergen%3BBrantley%2C+Susan+L%3BMueller%2C+Karl+T&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2010.10.023 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activation energy; alkalic composition; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; dilution; framework silicates; geochemistry; kinetics; mathematical methods; models; pH; phase equilibria; precipitation; quartz; SEM data; silica minerals; silicates; sodium chloride; solubility; solutions; temperature; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2010.10.023 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Finite integral transform method to solve asymmetric heat conduction in a multilayer annulus with time-dependent boundary conditions AN - 855706069; 14183465 AB - The separation of variables (SOV) method has recently been applied to solve time-dependent heat conduction problem in a multilayer annulus. It is observed that the transverse (radial) eigenvalues for the solution in polar (r-[theta]) coordinate system are always real numbers (unlike in the case of similar multidimensional Cartesian problems where they may be imaginary) allowing one to obtain the solution analytically. However, the SOV method cannot be applied when the boundary conditions and/or the source terms are time-dependent, for example, in a nuclear fuel rod subjected to time-dependent boundaries or heat sources. In this paper, we present an alternative approach using the finite integral transform method to solve the asymmetric heat conduction problem in a multilayer annulus with time-dependent boundary conditions and/or heat sources. An eigenfunction expansion approach satisfying periodic boundary condition in the angular direction is used. After integral transformation and subsequent weighted summation over the radial layers, partial derivative with respect to r-variable is eliminated and, first order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are formed for the transformed temperatures. Solutions of ODEs are then inverted to obtain the temperature distribution in each layer. Since the proposed solution requires the same eigenfunctions as those in the similar problem with time-independent sources and/or boundary conditions - a problem solved using the SOV method - it is also "free" from imaginary eigenvalues. JF - Nuclear Engineering and Design AU - Singh, Suneet AU - Jain, Prashant K AU - Rizwan-Uddin, Rizwan-Uddin AD - Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay, Mumbai, India Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 144 EP - 154 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 241 IS - 1 SN - 0029-5493, 0029-5493 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Asymmetry KW - Boundary conditions KW - Conduction KW - Eigenfunctions KW - Eigenvalues KW - Heat conduction KW - Heat transfer KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Multilayers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855706069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Finite+integral+transform+method+to+solve+asymmetric+heat+conduction+in+a+multilayer+annulus+with+time-dependent+boundary+conditions&rft.au=Singh%2C+Suneet%3BJain%2C+Prashant+K%3BRizwan-Uddin%2C+Rizwan-Uddin&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Suneet&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=241&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=00295493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.nucengdes.2010.10.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-10-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2010.10.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - History of mercury use and environmental contamination at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant AN - 851466592; 14039800 AB - Between 1950 and 1963 approximately 11 million kilograms of mercury (Hg) were used at the Oak Ridge Y-12 National Security Complex (Y-12 NSC) for lithium isotope separation processes. About 3% of the Hg was lost to the air, soil and rock under facilities, and East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC) which originates in the plant site. Smaller amounts of Hg were used at other Oak Ridge facilities with similar results. Although the primary Hg discharges from Y-12 NSC stopped in 1963, small amounts of Hg continue to be released into the creek from point sources and diffuse contaminated soil and groundwater sources within Y-12 NSC. Mercury concentration in EFPC has decreased 85% from a arrow right 42000ng/L in the 1980s. In general, methylmercury concentrations in water and in fish have not declined in response to improvements in water quality and exhibit trends of increasing concentration in some cases. Mercury discharges from an industrial plant have created a legacy contamination problem exhibiting complex and at times counter-intuitive patterns in Hg cycling. JF - Environmental Pollution AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Southworth, George R AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA, brookssc@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 219 EP - 228 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 159 IS - 1 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Heavy metals KW - Multiple stress KW - Stress ecology KW - Vegetation KW - water quality KW - Industrial plants KW - USA Tennessee, Oak Ridge, East Fork Poplar Creek KW - Isotopes KW - Contamination KW - Soil contamination KW - Water quality KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Soil pollution KW - Soil KW - Dimethylmercury KW - Ground water KW - Mercury KW - Fish KW - Industrial pollution KW - Groundwater KW - Pollution KW - Lithium KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - X 24360:Metals KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851466592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution&rft.atitle=History+of+mercury+use+and+environmental+contamination+at+the+Oak+Ridge+Y-12+Plant&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Scott+C%3BSouthworth%2C+George+R&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envpol.2010.09.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Soil pollution; Isotopes; Contamination; Ground water; Dimethylmercury; Mercury; Water quality; Lithium; Pollution; Industrial plants; water quality; Fish; Soil contamination; Groundwater; Industrial pollution; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge; USA Tennessee, Oak Ridge, East Fork Poplar Creek DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2010.09.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Online Support Vector Regression With Varying Parameters for Time-Dependent Data AN - 849456671; 13968789 AB - Support vector regression (SVR) is a machine learning technique that continues to receive interest in several domains, including manufacturing, engineering, and medicine. In order to extend its application to problems in which data sets arrive constantly and in which batch processing of the data sets is infeasible or expensive, an accurate online SVR (AOSVR) technique was proposed. The AOSVR technique efficiently updates a trained SVR function whenever a sample is added to or removed from the training set without retraining the entire training data. However, the AOSVR technique assumes that the new samples and the training samples are of the same characteristics; hence, the same value of SVR parameters is used for training and prediction. This assumption is not applicable to data samples that are inherently noisy and nonstationary, such as sensor data. As a result, we propose AOSVR with varying parameters that uses varying SVR parameters rather than fixed SVR parameters and hence accounts for the variability that may exist in the samples. To accomplish this objective, we also propose a generalized weight function to automatically update the weights of SVR parameters in online monitoring applications. The proposed function allows for lower and upper bounds for SVR parameters. We tested our proposed approach and compared results with the conventional AOSVR approach using two benchmark time-series data and sensor data from a nuclear power plant. The results show that using varying SVR parameters is more applicable to time-dependent data. JF - IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans AU - Omitaomu, Olufemi A AU - Jeong, Myong K AU - Badiru, Adedeji B AD - Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 191 EP - 197 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 345 E. 47th St. NY NY 10017-2394 USA VL - 41 IS - 1 SN - 1083-4427, 1083-4427 KW - Risk Abstracts KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Sensors KW - benchmarks KW - Training KW - time series analysis KW - R2 23020:Technological risks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/849456671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Transactions+on+Systems%2C+Man+and+Cybernetics%2C+Part+A%3A+Systems+and+Humans&rft.atitle=Online+Support+Vector+Regression+With+Varying+Parameters+for+Time-Dependent+Data&rft.au=Omitaomu%2C+Olufemi+A%3BJeong%2C+Myong+K%3BBadiru%2C+Adedeji+B&rft.aulast=Omitaomu&rft.aufirst=Olufemi&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+Transactions+on+Systems%2C+Man+and+Cybernetics%2C+Part+A%3A+Systems+and+Humans&rft.issn=10834427&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FTSMCA.2010.2055156 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear power plants; benchmarks; Sensors; time series analysis; Training DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TSMCA.2010.2055156 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disseminated and circulating tumor cells: Role in effective cancer management. AN - 821488475; 20570170 AB - Dissemination of tumor cells from primary tumors in the circulatory system is an early event in carcinogenesis. The presence of these single disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in peripheral blood, bone marrow and distant organs is the rationale for adjuvant systemic treatment. Detection of DTC in bone marrow aspirates from breast cancer patients and other solid tumors at the primary diagnosis impacts the prognosis of disease. In peripheral blood these cells are termed as circulating tumor cells (CTC). Due to technical difficulties the clinical significance of CTC detection at early stages is less established. This review focuses on available techniques for detection of DTC and CTC, recent technical advances in development of more sensitive microfluidic methods for capture of DTC and CTC and possibilities for further detection and their potential molecular characterization. Not only the clinical significance of DTC but also the presence of cancer stem cells in dissemination clearly demonstrates the need for development of sensitive technologies allowing for definition of biomarkers and molecular targets on cells in dissemination, thus eventually leading to optimization of systemic therapies. JF - Critical reviews in oncology/hematology AU - Lin, Henry AU - Balic, Marija AU - Zheng, Siyang AU - Datar, Ram AU - Cote, Richard J AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6123, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - January 2011 SP - 1 EP - 11 VL - 77 IS - 1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Bone Marrow -- pathology KW - Humans KW - Disease Management KW - Neoplasms -- diagnosis KW - Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Cytological Techniques -- methods KW - Neoplastic Cells, Circulating UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/821488475?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+reviews+in+oncology%2Fhematology&rft.atitle=Disseminated+and+circulating+tumor+cells%3A+Role+in+effective+cancer+management.&rft.au=Lin%2C+Henry%3BBalic%2C+Marija%3BZheng%2C+Siyang%3BDatar%2C+Ram%3BCote%2C+Richard+J&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+reviews+in+oncology%2Fhematology&rft.issn=1879-0461&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.critrevonc.2010.04.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2011-05-11 N1 - Date created - 2010-12-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.critrevonc.2010.04.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automobile proximity and indoor residential concentrations of BTEX and MTBE AN - 759314474; 13668128 AB - Attached garages have been identified as important sources of indoor residential air pollution. However, the literature lacks information on (1) how the proximity of cars to the living area affects indoor concentrations of gasoline-related compounds, such as benzene; and (2) the origin of these pollutants, i.e., vapor or tailpipe emissions. We analyzed data from the Relationships of Indoor, Outdoor, and Personal Air (RIOPA) study to evaluate indoor (C in) and outdoor (C out) concentrations for 114 residences with cars either in an attached garage, a detached garage or carport, or without cars. Results indicate that single-family detached homes with cars in attached garages were affected the most by parked vehicles, followed by homes with vehicles in carports. Concentrations in homes with cars in detached garages were similar to those in residences without cars. Low ventilation rates exacerbated C in in homes with attached garages. In general, the contribution from gasoline-related sources to indoor benzene and MTBE concentrations appeared to have been dominated by car exhaust, or by a combination of tailpipe and gasoline vapor emissions. Residing in a home with an attached garage could lead to benzene exposures that are an order of magnitude higher than exposures from commuting in a car in heavy traffic, with a risk of 17 excess cancers in a population of a million. Strategies to lower exposure to gasoline-related contaminants in homes include improving construction practices to prevent the infiltration of pollutants into the living quarters or incorporating detached garages. JF - Building and Environment AU - Hun, Diana E AU - Corsi, Richard L AU - Morandi, Maria T AU - Siegel, Jeffrey A AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 45 EP - 53 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0360-1323, 0360-1323 KW - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Attached garages KW - Benzene KW - Exposure KW - Gasoline KW - RIOPA KW - Vapors KW - traffic KW - Commuting KW - MTBE KW - Emissions KW - Infiltration KW - Automotive exhaust emissions KW - Cancer KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759314474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Automobile+proximity+and+indoor+residential+concentrations+of+BTEX+and+MTBE&rft.au=Hun%2C+Diana+E%3BCorsi%2C+Richard+L%3BMorandi%2C+Maria+T%3BSiegel%2C+Jeffrey+A&rft.aulast=Hun&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Building+and+Environment&rft.issn=03601323&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.buildenv.2010.06.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vapors; traffic; Commuting; MTBE; Infiltration; Emissions; Automotive exhaust emissions; Cancer; Benzene DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.06.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of cell surface and extracellular matrix remodeling of Azospirillum brasilense chemotaxis-like 1 signal transduction pathway mutants by atomic force microscopy AN - 1762357914; 14193540 JF - FEMS Microbiology Letters AU - Edwards, Amanda Nicole AU - Siuti, Piro AU - Bible, Amber N AU - Alexandre, Gladys AU - Retterer, Scott T AU - Doktycz, Mitchel J AU - Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - January 2011 SP - 131 EP - 139 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 314 IS - 2 SN - 0378-1097, 0378-1097 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Cell surface KW - Extracellular matrix KW - atomic force microscopy KW - Azospirillum brasilense KW - Signal transduction KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1762357914?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+cell+surface+and+extracellular+matrix+remodeling+of+Azospirillum+brasilense+chemotaxis-like+1+signal+transduction+pathway+mutants+by+atomic+force+microscopy&rft.au=Edwards%2C+Amanda+Nicole%3BSiuti%2C+Piro%3BBible%2C+Amber+N%3BAlexandre%2C+Gladys%3BRetterer%2C+Scott+T%3BDoktycz%2C+Mitchel+J%3BMorrell-Falvey%2C+Jennifer+L&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=314&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.issn=03781097&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1574-6968.2010.02156.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Document feature - figure 5 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell surface; Extracellular matrix; atomic force microscopy; Signal transduction; Azospirillum brasilense DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2010.02156.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphorus transformations as a function of pedogenesis; a synthesis of soil phosphorus data using Hedley fractionation method AN - 1739084614; 2015-115886 AB - In spite of the importance of phosphorus (P) as a limiting nutrient in terrestrial ecosystems, our understanding of terrestrial P dynamics and our ability to model P cycling are hampered by the lack of consistent measurements of soil P. The Hedley fractionation method provides a comprehensive assessment of soil P and has been widely used in recent decades. Here we expand an earlier study that summarized Hedley P data from the literature to create a larger Hedley P database and further investigate the relationships between distributions of different forms of P and the stages of soil development. Our expanded Hedley P database generally supports what the Walker and Syers (1976) conceptual model predicts: the gradual decrease and eventual depletion of primary mineral P (mainly apatite P); the continual increase and eventual dominance of occluded P; and the overall decrease of total P during soil development. However the analysis disagrees with Walker and Syers (1976) in that we found labile inorganic P(Pi) and secondary mineral Pi (non-occluded P in Walker and Syers' model) to be a significant fraction of total P throughout all soil orders with different weathering stages. By analyzing the Hedley-labile P and vegetation P demand, we found that the amount of labile P is much greater than vegetation demand, even in highly weathered soils commonly considered P limited. We conclude that labile P measured by Hedley fractionation method should not be defined as plant available P since most of this labile P likely ends up as immobilized by microbes. Our analysis of the database also shows that carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in soil organic matter are closely linked in all soil orders, but P is decoupled from C and N in highly weathered soils with larger variations of nitrogen:organic P (N:Po) ratio and higher mean values of N:Po ratio, compared to slightly and intermediately weathered soils. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Yang, Xiaojuan AU - Post, W M Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 2907 EP - 2916 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Union, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 8 IS - 10 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - respiration KW - Oxisols KW - terrestrial environment KW - Ultisols KW - data processing KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - Hedley method KW - nitrogen KW - carbon KW - weathered materials KW - data bases KW - organic carbon KW - stoichiometry KW - geochemistry KW - depletion KW - pH KW - soils KW - apatite KW - Histosols KW - pedogenesis KW - Andisols KW - secondary minerals KW - biochemistry KW - phosphorus KW - phosphates KW - weathering KW - Spodosols KW - inorganic materials KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - microorganisms KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739084614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Phosphorus+transformations+as+a+function+of+pedogenesis%3B+a+synthesis+of+soil+phosphorus+data+using+Hedley+fractionation+method&rft.au=Yang%2C+Xiaojuan%3BPost%2C+W+M&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Xiaojuan&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2907&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.biogeosciences.net/8/2907/2011/bg-8-2907-2011.pdf http://www.biogeosciences.net LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes supplement, http://www.biogeosciences.net/8/2907/2011/bg-8-2907-2011-supplement.zip; Published in Biogeosciences Discussion: 28 June 2011, http://www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/8/5907/2011/bgd-8-5907-2011.html; accessed in Oct., 2012 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Andisols; apatite; biochemistry; carbon; chemical fractionation; data bases; data processing; depletion; ecosystems; geochemistry; Hedley method; Histosols; inorganic materials; microorganisms; nitrogen; nutrients; organic carbon; organic compounds; Oxisols; pedogenesis; pH; phosphates; phosphorus; respiration; secondary minerals; soils; Spodosols; stoichiometry; terrestrial environment; Ultisols; vegetation; weathered materials; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The HadGEM2-ES implementation of CMIP5 centennial simulations AN - 1689588557; 2015-053355 AB - The scientific understanding of the Earth's climate system, including the central question of how the climate system is likely to respond to human-induced perturbations, is comprehensively captured in GCMs and Earth System Models (ESM). Diagnosing the simulated climate response, and comparing responses across different models, is crucially dependent on transparent assumptions of how the GCM/ESM has been driven - especially because the implementation can involve subjective decisions and may differ between modelling groups performing the same experiment. This paper outlines the climate forcings and setup of the Met Office Hadley Centre ESM, HadGEM2-ES for the CMIP5 set of centennial experiments. We document the prescribed greenhouse gas concentrations, aerosol precursors, stratospheric and tropospheric ozone assumptions, as well as implementation of land-use change and natural forcings for the HadGEM2-ES historical and future experiments following the Representative Concentration Pathways. In addition, we provide details of how HadGEM2-ES ensemble members were initialised from the control run and how the palaeoclimate and AMIP experiments, as well as the "emission-driven" RCP experiments were performed. JF - Geoscientific Model Development (GMD) AU - Jones, C D AU - Hughes, J K AU - Bellouin, N AU - Hardiman, S C AU - Jones, G S AU - Knight, J AU - Liddicoat, S AU - O'Connor, F M AU - Andres, R J AU - Bell, C AU - Boo, K O AU - Bozzo, A AU - Butchart, N AU - Cadule, P AU - Corbin, K D AU - Doutriaux-Boucher, M AU - Friedlingstein, P AU - Gornall, J AU - Gray, L AU - Halloran, P R AU - Hurtt, G AU - Ingram, W J AU - Lamarque, J F AU - Law, R M AU - Meinshausen, M AU - Osprey, S AU - Palin, E J AU - Chini, L Parsons AU - Raddatz, T AU - Sanderson, M G AU - Sellar, A A AU - Schurer, A AU - Valdes, P AU - Wood, N AU - Woodward, S AU - Yoshioka, M AU - Zerroukat, M Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 543 EP - 570 PB - Copernicus Publications, Gottingen VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 1991-959X, 1991-959X KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - simulation KW - paleoclimatology KW - climate change KW - variations KW - carbon dioxide KW - atmospheric circulation KW - ozone KW - mitigation KW - carbon KW - climate forcing KW - climate KW - systems KW - ocean circulation KW - methane KW - atmosphere KW - alkanes KW - boundary conditions KW - geochemical cycle KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - aerosols KW - greenhouse gases KW - carbon cycle KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689588557?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoscientific+Model+Development+%28GMD%29&rft.atitle=The+HadGEM2-ES+implementation+of+CMIP5+centennial+simulations&rft.au=Jones%2C+C+D%3BHughes%2C+J+K%3BBellouin%2C+N%3BHardiman%2C+S+C%3BJones%2C+G+S%3BKnight%2C+J%3BLiddicoat%2C+S%3BO%27Connor%2C+F+M%3BAndres%2C+R+J%3BBell%2C+C%3BBoo%2C+K+O%3BBozzo%2C+A%3BButchart%2C+N%3BCadule%2C+P%3BCorbin%2C+K+D%3BDoutriaux-Boucher%2C+M%3BFriedlingstein%2C+P%3BGornall%2C+J%3BGray%2C+L%3BHalloran%2C+P+R%3BHurtt%2C+G%3BIngram%2C+W+J%3BLamarque%2C+J+F%3BLaw%2C+R+M%3BMeinshausen%2C+M%3BOsprey%2C+S%3BPalin%2C+E+J%3BChini%2C+L+Parsons%3BRaddatz%2C+T%3BSanderson%2C+M+G%3BSellar%2C+A+A%3BSchurer%2C+A%3BValdes%2C+P%3BWood%2C+N%3BWoodward%2C+S%3BYoshioka%2C+M%3BZerroukat%2C+M&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=543&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoscientific+Model+Development+%28GMD%29&rft.issn=1991959X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/4/543/2011/gmd-4-543-2011.pdf http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/volumes_and_issues.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 93 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; atmosphere; atmospheric circulation; boundary conditions; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; climate forcing; geochemical cycle; greenhouse gases; hydrocarbons; land use; methane; mitigation; models; ocean circulation; organic compounds; ozone; paleoclimatology; simulation; systems; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical controls on the fate of nitroaromatic compounds in soils from operational ranges AN - 1623258741; 2014-087441 AB - Contamination of soils/groundwater by nitroaromatic compounds (NAC) such as TNT and RDX is of significant concern at many U.S. Department of Defense sites. Mobility of these NACs in soils/groundwater is primarily controlled by adsorption to clay minerals and soil organic carbon (OC). To study this, we collected soils from two horizons (E and B) containing different clay and OC content from a soil profile at Massachusetts Military Range (MMR). MMR-E horizon contained <1% clay and 3% OC whereas MMR- B contained 10% clay and 0.2% OC. Sorption (batch) experiments showed higher sorption of TNT (500 mg/kg vs 180 mg/kg) and RDX (80 mg/kg vs 25 mg/kg) in MMR-E compared to MMR-B in the linear range of the distribution coefficients (TNT: 0-60 mg/L, RDX: 0-15 mg/L). In sorption experiments, separation of samples into dissolved (<2 nm) and colloidal (<0.45 mu m) fractions showed that 60-80% of TNT and 85-100% of RDX were in dissolved fraction versus colloidal fraction at sorption equilibrium for both the soils. In column experiments, we found breakthrough of dissolved TNT and RDX was approximately twice as rapid in columns with MMR-B compared to MMR-E. Results demonstrate i) enhanced sorption of TNT and RDX in OC rich soil, (i.e. MMR-E), ii) OC in MMR-E soil may have delayed breakthrough of TNT and RDX in transport experiments and iii) dissolved NACs primarily stayed in the dissolved phase at similar proportions regardless of the soil OC content. The effect of OC in soils and the association of TNT and RDX with the dissolved fraction therefore should be taken into consideration while studying the fate of NACs at contaminated field sites such as MMR. Current results will be compared with column experiments in which particles (<10 mu m) of Composition B are applied to repacked columns of MMR-E and MMR-B. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Sharma, P AU - Mayes, M A AU - Tang, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - Abstract H41A EP - 0999 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - United States KW - clay KW - water quality KW - colloidal materials KW - clastic sediments KW - site exploration KW - pollution KW - trinitrotoluene KW - RDX KW - adsorption KW - ground water KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - explosives KW - transport KW - Massachusetts KW - soil pollution KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - Massachusetts Military Range Site KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623258741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Geochemical+controls+on+the+fate+of+nitroaromatic+compounds+in+soils+from+operational+ranges&rft.au=Sharma%2C+P%3BMayes%2C+M+A%3BTang%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aromatic hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; clay; colloidal materials; explosives; ground water; hydrocarbons; Massachusetts; Massachusetts Military Range Site; organic compounds; pollution; RDX; sediments; site exploration; soil pollution; transport; triazines; trinitrotoluene; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled interpretation of geoelectrical surveying results in environmental site investigations AN - 1623258149; 2014-087416 AB - Geoelectric methods are sensitive to material properties which can be used to investigate subsurficial processes at contaminated sites. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) measures the electrical resistivity distribution in the ground; the self-potential (SP) method is based on source current densities resulting from ground water flow; and induced polarization (IP) responds to geochemical interactions between mineral surfaces and pore fluids. Ground water flow patterns and contaminant migration may be better understood if the results of these survey methods are interpreted jointly rather than separately. The purpose of this project is to jointly interpret results of geophysical surveying and laboratory characterization of soil and ground water samples to assess ground water flow patterns and contaminant migration at a site within the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Historical disposal of liquid waste containing nitric acid and uranium in unlined ponds has resulted in contamination of soil and ground water. ERT, SP, and IP surveying was performed downgradient of the source area and the geophysical behavior of sediment and ground water samples was investigated in the laboratory. Measured electrical conductivity and self-potential anomalies coincided with elevated nitrate and uranium concentrations indicating preferential flow from the source area. The self-potential response can be related to ground water flow either by calculating the excess of charge in the diffuse layer surrounding mineral surfaces or by the streaming potential coupling coefficient. Geochemical reactions between pore water and minerals and their surfaces were modeled using the contaminant transport software TOUGHREACT. Surface complexation modeling using the Gouy-Chapman diffuse double layer was used to simulate charge density-surface potential relationship. Laboratory measurements of the streaming potential coupling coefficient of sediment samples at various pH and salt concentrations were used to interpret the ground water flow from SP and ERT signals. The method qualitatively explained the observed variations in geophysical responses. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Skold, M AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Karaoulis, M AU - Revil, A AU - Spycher, N AU - Watson, D B AU - Wu, Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - Abstract H34B EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2011 KW - solute transport KW - water quality KW - site exploration KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - flows KW - transport KW - liquid waste KW - soil pollution KW - waste disposal KW - water pollution KW - pore water KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623258149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Coupled+interpretation+of+geoelectrical+surveying+results+in+environmental+site+investigations&rft.au=Skold%2C+M%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BKaraoulis%2C+M%3BRevil%2C+A%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BWatson%2C+D+B%3BWu%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Skold&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2011 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - electrical methods; environmental analysis; flows; geophysical methods; ground water; liquid waste; pollution; pore water; site exploration; soil pollution; solute transport; transport; waste disposal; water pollution; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cellulases: ambiguous nonhomologous enzymes in a genomic perspective AN - 1520361963; 19655649 AB - The key material for bioethanol production is cellulose, which is one of the main components of the plant cell wall. Enzymatic depolymerization of cellulose is an essential step in bioethanol production, and can be accomplished by fungal and bacterial cellulases. Most of the biochemically characterized bacterial cellulases come from only a few cellulose-degrading bacteria, thus limiting our knowledge of a range of cellulolytic activities that exist in nature. The recent explosion of genomic data offers a unique opportunity to search for novel cellulolytic activities; however, the absence of clear understanding of structural and functional features that are important for reliable computational identification of cellulases precludes their exploration in the genomic datasets. Here, we explore the diversity of cellulases and propose a genomic approach to overcome this bottleneck. JF - Trends in Biotechnology AU - Sukharnikov, Leonid O AU - Cantwell, Brian J AU - Podar, Mircea AU - Zhulin, Igor B AD - BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA PY - 2011 SP - 473 EP - 479 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 29 IS - 10 SN - 0167-7799, 0167-7799 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Data processing KW - Depolymerization KW - Cellulose KW - Enzymes KW - Computer applications KW - Cellulase KW - Plant cells KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Reviews KW - Exploration KW - genomics KW - Biofuels KW - Ethanol KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520361963?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Cellulases%3A+ambiguous+nonhomologous+enzymes+in+a+genomic+perspective&rft.au=Sukharnikov%2C+Leonid+O%3BCantwell%2C+Brian+J%3BPodar%2C+Mircea%3BZhulin%2C+Igor+B&rft.aulast=Sukharnikov&rft.aufirst=Leonid&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01677799&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tibtech.2011.04.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Depolymerization; Cellulose; Enzymes; Computer applications; Cellulase; Plant cells; Structure-function relationships; Reviews; Exploration; genomics; Biofuels; Ethanol DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.04.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineral growth and dissolution from rare event methods AN - 1492588229; 2014-006592 AB - Computational theory and hardware have advanced sufficiently to allow in-depth examination of free energy landscapes for complex, geologically important reactions. Here, we used two rare event theories, metadynamics and reactive flux, to probe the attachment and detachment of barium ions to the [120]-oriented monomolecular step on barite and compare these reaction rates and mechanisms to those measured experimentally. This reaction was chosen because attachment and detachment of barium ions to these step-edges is thought to be rate limiting and barite scale has been found to inhibit production of oil and geothermal energy in some cases. Using metadynamics, we found that detachment and attachment of ions does not occur directly to and from solution, but several intermediate states are observed. Starting from a barium kink site making five bonds to three surface sulfates, detachment first proceeds to a bidentate state containing two bonds to two surface sulfates, followed by an inner-sphere adsorbed species (making one bond), then an outer-sphere adsorbed species before completely dissolving. Reactive flux calculations of the transitions between each of these states revealed that moving from the inner-sphere adsorbed species to outer-sphere adsorbed is limiting the rate of detachment. For attachment, the transition from inner-sphere adsorbed to the bidentate species is rate limiting. Arrehenius activation energies of each of these rate limiting steps were calculated by performing the reactive flux calculations at multiple temperatures. The activation energies and rate constants, compare favorably to those measured experimentally by atomic force microscopy in the case of dissolution. The implications this study are two-fold. Firstly, the observation of multiple intermediates states implies that mineral growth and dissolution reactions can lead to pools of labile or recalcitrant material in various states of adsorption onto mineral surfaces. This addresses the longstanding issue of non-steady state dissolution rates. Secondly, the ability to quantitatively probe complex reaction mechanisms on surfaces accurately will be a powerful technique in addressing mineral reactivity and mechanisms. This research was sponsored by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Stack, Andrew G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 1927 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sulfates KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - solution KW - ions KW - barium KW - metals KW - barite KW - crystal chemistry KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492588229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Mineral+growth+and+dissolution+from+rare+event+methods&rft.au=Stack%2C+Andrew+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stack&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1927&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/75/3/1772.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt2011 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; barite; barium; chemical composition; crystal chemistry; crystal growth; crystal structure; geochemistry; ions; metals; solution; sulfates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic effects in the energy spectrum of molecules sputtered from carbon AN - 1464585119; 18782119 AB - We investigate the translational and rovibrational energy spectra of sputtered molecules resulting from bombardment of hydrogen-supersaturated carbon by hydrogen isotopes H, D, and T at energies of 1-20 eV using classical molecular dynamics simulations. The chemical erosion yields and mass spectra of sputtered molecules are found to be quite sensitive to the isotope mass of the impinging projectiles. However, the mean translational and rovibrational energies of the sputtered molecules are found to be nearly mass independent especially near the sputtering thresholds. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Reinhold, C O AU - Krstic, P S AD - Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6372, USA, reinhold@orni.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - S121 EP - S124 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 415 IS - 1S SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Isotopes KW - Erosion KW - Energy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Simulation KW - Hydrogen isotopes KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464585119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Isotopic+effects+in+the+energy+spectrum+of+molecules+sputtered+from+carbon&rft.au=Reinhold%2C+C+O%3BKrstic%2C+P+S&rft.aulast=Reinhold&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=415&rft.issue=1S&rft.spage=S121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.07.046 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Erosion; Isotopes; Energy; Radioactive materials; Simulation; Hydrogen isotopes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.07.046 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Erosion of a-C:D thin films by low energy D(+), D(2)(+), and D(3)(+) ion beam irradiation AN - 1464584690; 18782120 AB - We report measurements of total C sputtering yields for room temperature a-C:D thin films irrradiated by equal velocity D(+), D(2)(+), and D(3)(+) beams in the energy range 30-200 eV/D. The C sputtering yields were deduced from crater volumes determined from 2-D ellipsometry scans, the known thin film C density, and the measured total number of incident D particles during the beam exposures. While our results for incident D(3)(+) ions are in good agreement with mass loss measurements for D(3)(+), our results for D(2)(+) and D(+) incident ions fall systematically below the D(3)(+) results, indicating a significant molecular size effect. A molecular size effect has been previously found for CD(4) production during low energy impact of same velocity D(+), D(2)(+), and D(3)(+) ions incident on ATJ graphite, which, however, was smaller in magnitude. The ellipsometry-based total C sputtering yields are compared with recently deduced total C production yields based on a mass spectroscopy approach. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Meyer, F W AU - Harris, P R AU - Zhang, H AU - Jacob, W AU - Schwarz-Selinger, T AU - Von Toussaint, U AD - Physics Division. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6372, USA, meyerfw@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - S125 EP - S128 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 415 IS - 1S SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Ions KW - Erosion KW - Craters KW - Energy KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Velocity KW - Particulates KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464584690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Erosion+of+a-C%3AD+thin+films+by+low+energy+D%28%2B%29%2C+D%282%29%28%2B%29%2C+and+D%283%29%28%2B%29+ion+beam+irradiation&rft.au=Meyer%2C+F+W%3BHarris%2C+P+R%3BZhang%2C+H%3BJacob%2C+W%3BSchwarz-Selinger%2C+T%3BVon+Toussaint%2C+U&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=415&rft.issue=1S&rft.spage=S125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.08.037 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ions; Craters; Erosion; Irradiation; Energy; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Velocity; Particulates; Mass spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.08.037 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantification of chemical erosion in the DIII-D divertor and implications for ITER AN - 1464584497; 18782124 AB - The Porous Plug Injector (PPI) has proven to be an invaluable diagnostic for in situ characterization and quantification of erosion phenomena in DIII-D. Previous work has led to derivation of three primary figures of merit for chemical erosion (CE) in attached and cold divertor conditions: relative intensity of C(+) chemical and physical sources, the CE yield (Y(chem)). and effective photon efficiencies for chemically eroded products. Application of these figures for accounting of observed absolutely calibrated CI and CII emission intensities is demonstrated to produce a self-consistent solution at the DIII-D targets. Rein-terpretation of the CI (C(0)) spectral lineshape profile supports the relative roles of local chemical versus physical sputtering as previously determined for CII (C(+)). Comparison of calculated in situ Y(chem) to that measured ex situ suggests a tokamak-specific lower energy threshold for CE and has potentially major implications for prediction of tritium co-deposition near the divertor targets in ITER. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Mclean, A G AU - Stangeby, P C AU - Bray, B D AU - Brezinsek, S AU - Brooks, N H AU - Davis, J W AU - Isler, R C AU - Kirschner, A AU - Laengner, R AU - Lasnier, C J AU - Mu, Y AU - Munoz, J AU - Rudakov, D L AU - Schmitz, O AU - Unterberg, E A AU - Watkins, J G AU - Whyte, D G AU - Wong, C P C AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, amclean@pppl.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - S141 EP - S144 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 415 IS - 1S SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Erosion KW - Tritium KW - Energy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Emissions KW - Accounting KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464584497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Quantification+of+chemical+erosion+in+the+DIII-D+divertor+and+implications+for+ITER&rft.au=Mclean%2C+A+G%3BStangeby%2C+P+C%3BBray%2C+B+D%3BBrezinsek%2C+S%3BBrooks%2C+N+H%3BDavis%2C+J+W%3BIsler%2C+R+C%3BKirschner%2C+A%3BLaengner%2C+R%3BLasnier%2C+C+J%3BMu%2C+Y%3BMunoz%2C+J%3BRudakov%2C+D+L%3BSchmitz%2C+O%3BUnterberg%2C+E+A%3BWatkins%2C+J+G%3BWhyte%2C+D+G%3BWong%2C+C+P+C&rft.aulast=Mclean&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=415&rft.issue=1S&rft.spage=S141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2011.01.044 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Erosion; Tritium; Energy; Radioactive materials; Emissions; Accounting DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.01.044 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurements and 2-D modeling of recycling and edge transport in discharges with lithium-coated PFCs in NSTX AN - 1464504133; 18782185 AB - The application of lithium coatings on plasma facing components has been shown to profoundly affect plasma performance in the National Spherical Torus Experiment, improving energy confinement and eliminating edge-localized modes. The edge particle balance during these ELM-free discharges has been studied through 2-D plasma-neutrais modeling, constrained by measurements of the upstream plasma density and temperature profiles and the divertor heat flux and D sub( alpha ) emission. The calculations indicate that the reduction in divertor D sub( alpha ) emission with lithium coatings applied is consistent with a drop in recycling coefficient from R similar to 0.98 to R similar to 0.9. The change in recycling is not sufficient to account for the change in edge density profiles: interpretive modeling indicates similar transport coefficients within the edge transport barrier (D/ Chi sub(e) similar to 0.2/1.0 m super(2)/s), but a widening of the barrier with lithium. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Canik, J M AU - Maingi, R AU - Soukhanovskii, V A AU - Bell, R E AU - Kugel, H W AU - Leblanc, B P AU - Osborne, T H AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, canikjm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - S409 EP - S412 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 415 IS - 1S SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Energy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Emissions KW - Emission measurements KW - Temperature KW - Upstream KW - Particulates KW - Recycling KW - Lithium KW - Waste management KW - Coatings KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464504133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Measurements+and+2-D+modeling+of+recycling+and+edge+transport+in+discharges+with+lithium-coated+PFCs+in+NSTX&rft.au=Canik%2C+J+M%3BMaingi%2C+R%3BSoukhanovskii%2C+V+A%3BBell%2C+R+E%3BKugel%2C+H+W%3BLeblanc%2C+B+P%3BOsborne%2C+T+H&rft.aulast=Canik&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=415&rft.issue=1S&rft.spage=S409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.11.084 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Emission measurements; Emissions; Upstream; Particulates; Recycling; Lithium; Coatings; Waste management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.11.084 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aqueous CO (sub 2) solutions at silica surfaces and confined environments AN - 1447101881; 2013-082570 AB - The CO (sub 2) capture and sequestration in geological reservoirs have been considered as a potential approach to mitigate its release into the atmosphere and reduce its contribution to the greenhouse effect on climate change. The feasibility and safety of this process for long-term storage of CO (sub 2) depends on the low hydraulic permeability of the caprock and its ability to hold the aqueous fluid in its porous structure, i.e., its interfacial and confinement properties. Interfacial and confined fluids exhibit microstructural, dynamical, and thermophysical behavior that differ dramatically from their bulk counterparts. The immediate consequence is the inherent inability of current modeling approaches to capture the actual (aqueous-caprock) fluid-solid and fluid-fluid interfacial mechanisms underlying the geological CO (sub 2) sequestration. Here we present a molecular-based study of the microstructural and dynamical behavior of CO (sub 2) -aqueous solutions at silica surfaces and under extreme confinement, to address fundamental issues, including (a) how the degree of surface hydrophobicity affects the interfacial structure, (b) how the overlapping of interfacial structures affects the confined fluid composition (relative solubility), and (c) how to account for the effect of medium polarization on the species solubilities. Toward those goals we developed (i) a synergistic approach to calibrate the CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O interactions for the accurate and simultaneous prediction of the compositions of the two phases in liquid (waterrich)-liquid (CO (sub 2) rich) equilibrium at realistic well conditions [1]; and (ii) we applied a molecular dynamics protocol that allows the simultaneous study of the behavior of the aqueous system at interfaces and within confinement between silica surfaces, while the fluid remains in equilibrium with its own bulk at isobaric-isothermal conditions. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Chialvo, Ariel A AU - Vlcek, Lukas AU - Cole, David R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 663 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - carbon sequestration KW - underground storage KW - aqueous solutions KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - mitigation KW - silica KW - cap rocks KW - risk assessment KW - greenhouse effect KW - geochemistry KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1447101881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Aqueous+CO+%28sub+2%29+solutions+at+silica+surfaces+and+confined+environments&rft.au=Chialvo%2C+Ariel+A%3BVlcek%2C+Lukas%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chialvo&rft.aufirst=Ariel&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/75/3/609.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt2011 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-31 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; climate change; geochemistry; greenhouse effect; mitigation; permeability; risk assessment; silica; underground storage ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elucidating the functions of the active microbial community of iron snow in an acidic lake AN - 1434006394; 2013-071350 AB - Lignite mine lakes are characterized by low pH, low nutrient status, and high concentrations of Fe (II) and sulfate. In lignite mine lake 77, located in Brandenburg, Germany, microbial oxidation of Fe (II) at redoxclines with opposing Fe (II) and oxygen gradients leads to the formation of iron-rich macroscopic aggregates (Iron Snow, IS). The IS provides an important input for the reduction of Fe (III) in the anoxic hypolimnion which shows different pH values ranging from 3.3-4 to 3.4-5.9 in the center basin (CB) or north basin (NB), respectively. Thus, the diversity and function of the IS microbial communities responsible for Fe-cycling may be dissimilar. This study aimed to i) characterize microbial communities from CB and NB and ii) explore active Fe-cycling microorganisms through RNA- and proteomic-based methods. Fe (III) mineral schwertmannite was the dominating iron oxide in CB and NB samples using SEM, EDX and Raman spectroscopy. Metaproteomics analyses was performed using detergent-based cellular lysis for total protein extraction followed by LC-MS/MS interrogation. Spectral matches were accomplished using an artificial metagenome, (assembled using 175 genomes of sequenced reference isolates) and yielded a total of 390 different proteins representing 43 microorganisms in NB samples, and 105 proteins tracing back to 27 genus from CB samples. Proteins of Chlorobium, Acidiphilium, Acidovarax, Azoarcus, Burkhoderia and Geobacter species were detected in both NB and CB samples. Acidothiobacillus related proteins were only determined in NB while those related to Ferroplasma and Sulfolobus were discovered in CB primarily. Detections of cytochrome c class I of Acidiphilium JF5 in both NB and CB indicated its active role in Fe (III) reduction among the lake. Carboxysome proteins were found in Acidimicrobium ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus species, suggesting their capacity of CO (super 2) -fixation coupled to Fe (II) oxidation in the upper oxic water epilimnion in Lake 77. 16S rRNA gene libraries and q-PCR for functional proteins will further provide insights into the ecophysiology of the Fe-cycling microorganisms in acidic environments. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Lu, Shipeng AU - Chourey, K AU - Reiche, M AU - Ciobota, V AU - Nietzsche, S AU - Hettich, R L AU - Kuesel, K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 1360 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - Europe KW - crystal structure KW - iron KW - sedimentary rocks KW - metals KW - coal KW - Central Europe KW - Brandenburg Germany KW - lignite KW - Germany KW - crystal chemistry KW - pH KW - microorganisms KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434006394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Elucidating+the+functions+of+the+active+microbial+community+of+iron+snow+in+an+acidic+lake&rft.au=Lu%2C+Shipeng%3BChourey%2C+K%3BReiche%2C+M%3BCiobota%2C+V%3BNietzsche%2C+S%3BHettich%2C+R+L%3BKuesel%2C+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Shipeng&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1360&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/75/3/1261.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt2011 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brandenburg Germany; Central Europe; coal; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; Europe; Germany; iron; lignite; metals; microorganisms; pH; sedimentary rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A USANS/GP-SANS study of the accessibility of pores in gas shale to methane, water, and brine AN - 1316374451; 2013-026251 JF - Abstracts and Program - Society for Organic Petrology. Meeting AU - Ruppert, Leslie F AU - Sakurovs, Richard AU - Blach, Tomasz P AU - Mildner, David F R AU - He, Lilin AU - Melnichenko, Yuri B Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 69 PB - The=Society for Organic Petrology (TSOP), [location varies] VL - 28 SN - 1060-7250, 1060-7250 KW - United States KW - Mississippian KW - horizontal drilling KW - neutron methods KW - natural gas KW - Barnett Shale KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - petroleum KW - production KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - directional drilling KW - drilling KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - methane KW - Paleozoic KW - Carboniferous KW - optimization KW - porous materials KW - gas shale KW - alkanes KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - organic compounds KW - brines KW - neutron diffraction data KW - hydrocarbons KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1316374451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+and+Program+-+Society+for+Organic+Petrology.+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+USANS%2FGP-SANS+study+of+the+accessibility+of+pores+in+gas+shale+to+methane%2C+water%2C+and+brine&rft.au=Ruppert%2C+Leslie+F%3BSakurovs%2C+Richard%3BBlach%2C+Tomasz+P%3BMildner%2C+David+F+R%3BHe%2C+Lilin%3BMelnichenko%2C+Yuri+B&rft.aulast=Ruppert&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+and+Program+-+Society+for+Organic+Petrology.+Meeting&rft.issn=10607250&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Twenty-eighth annual meeting of the Society for Organic Petrology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2013-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Barnett Shale; brines; Carboniferous; concentration; directional drilling; drilling; experimental studies; gas shale; horizontal drilling; hydraulic fracturing; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; measurement; methane; Mississippian; natural gas; neutron diffraction data; neutron methods; optimization; organic compounds; Paleozoic; petroleum; porosity; porous materials; production; sedimentary rocks; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desert dust and anthropogenic aerosol interactions in the Community Climate System Model coupled-carbon-climate model AN - 1316373369; 2013-024303 AB - Coupled-carbon-climate simulations are an essential tool for predicting the impact of human activity onto the climate and biogeochemistry. Here we incorporate prognostic desert dust and anthropogenic aerosols into the CCSM3.1 coupled carbon-climate model and explore the resulting interactions with climate and biogeochemical dynamics through a series of transient anthropogenic simulations (20th and 21st centuries) and sensitivity studies. The inclusion of prognostic aerosols into this model has a small net global cooling effect on climate but does not significantly impact the globally averaged carbon cycle; we argue that this is likely to be because the CCSM3.1 model has a small climate feedback onto the carbon cycle. We propose a mechanism for including desert dust and anthropogenic aerosols into a simple carbon-climate feedback analysis to explain the results of our and previous studies. Inclusion of aerosols has statistically significant impacts on regional climate and biogeochemistry, in particular through the effects on the ocean nitrogen cycle and primary productivity of altered iron inputs from desert dust deposition. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Mahowald, Natalie M AU - Lindsay, Keith AU - Rothenberg, Daniel AU - Doney, Scott C AU - Moore, J K AU - Thornton, Peter AU - Randerson, James T AU - Jones, Chris D Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 387 EP - 414 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Union, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - terrestrial environment KW - solar forcing KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - simulation KW - iron KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - nitrogen KW - carbon dioxide KW - Community Climate System Model KW - TRAJ KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - denitrification KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - ground-surface temperature KW - climate forcing KW - world ocean KW - climate KW - NONEQ KW - numerical models KW - clastic sediments KW - human activity KW - biochemistry KW - arid environment KW - geochemical cycle KW - nitrogen cycle KW - atmospheric transport KW - metals KW - biosphere KW - dust KW - aerosols KW - greenhouse gases KW - carbon cycle KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1316373369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Desert+dust+and+anthropogenic+aerosol+interactions+in+the+Community+Climate+System+Model+coupled-carbon-climate+model&rft.au=Mahowald%2C+Natalie+M%3BLindsay%2C+Keith%3BRothenberg%2C+Daniel%3BDoney%2C+Scott+C%3BMoore%2C+J+K%3BThornton%2C+Peter%3BRanderson%2C+James+T%3BJones%2C+Chris+D&rft.aulast=Mahowald&rft.aufirst=Natalie&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.biogeosciences.net/8/387/2011/bg-8-387-2011.pdf www.copernicus.org/EGU/bg.bg.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes two appendices; published in Biogeosciences Discussion: 1 September 2010, http://www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/7/6617/2010/bgd-7-6617-2010.html; accessed in Jan., 2012 N1 - Last updated - 2013-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; arid environment; atmospheric precipitation; atmospheric transport; biochemistry; biosphere; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; clastic sediments; climate; climate change; climate forcing; Community Climate System Model; denitrification; dust; environmental effects; geochemical cycle; greenhouse gases; ground-surface temperature; human activity; iron; metals; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; NONEQ; numerical models; sediments; sensitivity analysis; simulation; solar forcing; terrestrial environment; TRAJ; transport; world ocean ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled modeling of hydrogeochemical and electrical resistivity data for exploring the impact of recharge on subsurface contamination AN - 1282823375; 2013-012701 AB - The application of geophysical methods, in particular, electrical resistivity measurements, may be useful for monitoring subsurface contamination. However, interpreting geophysical data without additional data and without considering the associated hydrogeochemical processes is challenging since the geophysical response is sensitive to not only heterogeneity in rock properties but also to the saturation and chemical composition of pore fluids. We present an inverse modeling framework that incorporates the simulation of hydrogeochemical processes and time-lapse electrical resistivity data and apply it to various borehole and cross-borehole data sets collected in 2008 near the S-3 Ponds at the U.S. Department of Energy's Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge site, where efforts are underway to better understand freshwater recharge and associated contaminant dilution. Our goal is to show that the coupled hydrogeochemical-geophysical modeling framework can be used to (1) develop a model that honors all the available data sets, (2) help understand the response of the geophysical data to subsurface properties and processes at the site, and (3) allow for the estimation of petrophysical parameters needed for interpreting the geophysical data. We present a series of cases involving different data sets and increasingly complex models and find that the approach provides useful information about soil properties, recharge-related transport processes, and the geophysical response. Spatial heterogeneity of the petrophysical model can be described sufficiently with two layers, and its parameters can be estimated concurrently with the hydrogeochemical parameters. For successful application of the approach, the parameters of interest must be sensitive to the available data, and the experimental conditions must be carefully modeled. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Kowalsky, M B AU - Gasperikova, E AU - Finsterle, S AU - Watson, D AU - Baker, G AU - Hubbard, S S Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation W02509 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - electrical properties KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - resistivity KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - ponds KW - recharge KW - boreholes KW - Tennessee KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1282823375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Coupled+modeling+of+hydrogeochemical+and+electrical+resistivity+data+for+exploring+the+impact+of+recharge+on+subsurface+contamination&rft.au=Kowalsky%2C+M+B%3BGasperikova%2C+E%3BFinsterle%2C+S%3BWatson%2C+D%3BBaker%2C+G%3BHubbard%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Kowalsky&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2009WR008947 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-05 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; crosshole methods; electrical methods; electrical properties; geochemistry; geophysical methods; ground water; hydrochemistry; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollution; ponds; recharge; resistivity; Tennessee; United States; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009WR008947 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-resolution metabolomics reveals unusual N-methyl lyso phosphatidylethanolamines as abundant and strain-specific lipids in acid mine drainage biofilms AN - 1151913030; 2012-096729 AB - High-resolution untargeted metabolomics was applied to 14 distinct biofilm samples retrieved from the air-solution interface of acid mine drainage (AMD) solutions within the Richmond Mine (Iron Mountain, Redding, CA). Among the detected metabolites, we identified and characterized a group of lyso phosphatidylethanolamine lipids which were highly abundant. The unusual polar head group structure of these molecules is similar to lipids found in phylogenetically unrelated acidophilic chemoautolithotrophs and may be related to the affinity of these lipids for iron and calcium ions. Correlations of lyso phospholipid and strain-resolved protein abundance patterns suggest a link between the lyso phospholipids and the UBA-type substrain of Leptospirillum group II. By combining high-resolution molecular "omic" technologies, we demonstrat Focusing of upward fluid migration due to mineral grain size variation e the ability to identify cryptic but organism-specific small molecules that may be of paramount importance to biogeochemical processes occurring in mining impacted environments. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Wilmes, P AU - Fischer, C R AU - Bowen, B P AU - Thomas, B C AU - Mueller, R S AU - Denef, V J AU - Verberkmoes, N C AU - Hettich, R L AU - Northen, T R AU - Banfield, J F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 2165 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - metabolites KW - Iron Mountain KW - high-resolution methods KW - affinities KW - acid mine drainage KW - lipids KW - biochemistry KW - grain size KW - pollution KW - molecular structure KW - California KW - Redding California KW - organic compounds KW - identification KW - Richmond Mine KW - biofilms KW - Shasta County California KW - proteins KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1151913030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=High-resolution+metabolomics+reveals+unusual+N-methyl+lyso+phosphatidylethanolamines+as+abundant+and+strain-specific+lipids+in+acid+mine+drainage+biofilms&rft.au=Wilmes%2C+P%3BFischer%2C+C+R%3BBowen%2C+B+P%3BThomas%2C+B+C%3BMueller%2C+R+S%3BDenef%2C+V+J%3BVerberkmoes%2C+N+C%3BHettich%2C+R+L%3BNorthen%2C+T+R%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wilmes&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=2165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/75/3/2106.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt2011 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; affinities; biochemistry; biofilms; California; geochemistry; grain size; high-resolution methods; identification; Iron Mountain; lipids; metabolites; molecular structure; organic compounds; pollution; proteins; Redding California; Richmond Mine; Shasta County California; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - US DOE NCSP Training and Education Program Plan AN - 1136416518; 17177464 AB - The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) was tasked by the US Department of Energy (DOE) Nuclear Criticality Safety Program (NCSP) to coordinate the development of a new and extended two-week US DOE Nuclear Criticality Safety Engineer (NCSE) Hands-on Training and Education course. This paper provides the description of the development, execution, and refinement of the new course that will be offered in 2012. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Hopper, Calvin M AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory: 1 Bethel Valley Road/P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6170, hoppercm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 599 EP - 600 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 105 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - USA KW - Education KW - Training KW - Nuclear energy KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1136416518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=US+DOE+NCSP+Training+and+Education+Program+Plan&rft.au=Hopper%2C+Calvin+M&rft.aulast=Hopper&rft.aufirst=Calvin&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=&rft.spage=599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Education; Training; Nuclear energy; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonproliferation-Focused Laboratory Internships as a Catalyst for University Safeguards Education AN - 1125225730; 17177306 AB - Given the identified need to recruit and train the next generation of nuclear safeguards and security specialists, a complementary approach is being undertaken in coordination with universities and national laboratories such as Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to support such initiatives. Laboratories such as ORNL have a strong interest in human capital development at universities, particularly in the field of nuclear safeguards and security. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Kirk, Bernadette AU - Skutnik, Steven AU - Eipeldauer, Dawn AU - Whitaker, Michael AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6315, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-631, kirkbl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 175 EP - 176 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 105 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Security KW - Education KW - Human capital KW - Catalysts KW - H 6000:Natural Disasters/Civil Defense/Emergency Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1125225730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Nonproliferation-Focused+Laboratory+Internships+as+a+Catalyst+for+University+Safeguards+Education&rft.au=Kirk%2C+Bernadette%3BSkutnik%2C+Steven%3BEipeldauer%2C+Dawn%3BWhitaker%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Kirk&rft.aufirst=Bernadette&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Security; Human capital; Education; Catalysts; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamic properties of hydration layers on surfaces of metal oxide nanoparticles AN - 1112665806; 2012-091365 AB - Water is ubiquitous on the surface of oxide nanoparticles and can exert a profound influence on the thermodynamic properties of the oxide [1]. We have measured inelastic neutron scattering (INS) spectra for several hydrated metal oxide nanoparticles systems, including 6nm SnO (sub 2) , 7nm rutile-TiO (sub 2) , 16nm Co (sub 3) O (sub 4) , and 10nm CoO, and determined the isochoric heat capacity and vibrational entropy of the water confined to their surfaces [2-4]. The results from these studies have been combined with complementary calorimetric data and show that the surface energy of the underlying metal oxide particles exerts a strong influence on the heat capacity of the hydration layers. The surface water adsorbed on metal oxide nanoparticles with higher surface energies have lower heat capacities and vibrational entropies. For example, isostructural SnO (sub 2) and rutile-TiO (sub 2) have surface energies of 1.72+ or -0.01 and 2.22+ or -0.07 Jm (super -2) , respectively, with S (sub 298) values of their hydration layers equal to 37.17 and 32.34 JK (super -1) mol (super -1) , respectively [3, 5]. In addition, Co (sub 3) O (sub 4) spinel and CoO rocksalt nanoparticles, although chemically similar, have surface energies of 1.96+ or -0.05 and 3.57+ or -0.20 Jm (super -2) , respectively, with S (sub 298) values of their hydration layers equal to 38.13 and 37.03 JK (super -1) mol (super -1) , respectively [4, 5]. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Ross, N L AU - Spencer, E C AU - Woodfield, B F AU - Navrotsky, A AU - Parker, S F AU - Kolesnikov, A I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 1756 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - neutron scattering method KW - experimental studies KW - entropy KW - mineral-water interface KW - heat capacity KW - tin KW - laboratory studies KW - hydration KW - titanium KW - metals KW - rutile KW - neutron diffraction data KW - oxides KW - particulate materials KW - thermodynamic properties KW - nanoparticles KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - calorimetry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1112665806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Thermodynamic+properties+of+hydration+layers+on+surfaces+of+metal+oxide+nanoparticles&rft.au=Ross%2C+N+L%3BSpencer%2C+E+C%3BWoodfield%2C+B+F%3BNavrotsky%2C+A%3BParker%2C+S+F%3BKolesnikov%2C+A+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1756&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/75/3/1685.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt2011 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2012-10-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calorimetry; entropy; experimental studies; geochemistry; heat capacity; hydration; laboratory studies; metals; mineral surface; mineral-water interface; nanoparticles; neutron diffraction data; neutron scattering method; oxides; particulate materials; rutile; thermodynamic properties; tin; titanium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes to porosity and pore structure of mudstones resulting from reaction with CO (sub 2) and brine AN - 1080607413; 2012-083244 AB - Modeling transport and reactivity of CO (sub 2) at multiple scales is important for evaluating CO (sub 2) sequestration or containment in geological formations. One limitation of modeling complex coupled reaction and flow processes at the pore scale is the challenge of describing the dynamic complex 3D pore structures of real rocks in a reactive environment. Stacked scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, 3D pore reconstructions and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) provide quantitative information on pore networks at length scales inaccessible by other techniques such as x-ray computed tomography. Data from five CCS carock samples demonstrate the complex nature of the pore network. Fractal dimensions (determined from SANS data) describing the pore network are similar for four of the five mudstones. These samples are described by a combination of mass and surface fractal dimensions. In contrast, a single mass fractal dimension describes the fifth sample. Differences in pore network geometry appear to be related to lithologic variations. Calculated volume, surface area and pore size distributions from SANS, image analysis and mercury intrusion porosimetry are in agreement. Two of the caprock samples were reacted with CO (sub 2) and brine at 160C and 150 bars for approximately 50 days to evaluate pore network changes in a reactive environment. Field-emission SEM images show a marked increase in pores at length scales ranging from 10s of nm to >1 mm. In some cases new precipitates have grown into this porespace. Dissolution features such as pitting and etching is observed on mineral grain faces. Changes in porosity and surface area are quantified with SANS, image analysis and gas adsorption techniques. SANS also provides a measure of changes to the fractal structure of the pore network at nm to 100's of nm length scales. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. DOE under contract DE-ACOC4-94AL85000. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis AU - Mouzakis, Katherine AU - Heath, Jason AU - Dewers, Tom AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Wang, Xiuyu AU - Kaszuba, John AU - McCray, John AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 1527 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - carbon sequestration KW - mudstone KW - three-dimensional models KW - SANS data KW - small-angle neutron scattering data KW - porosity KW - carbon dioxide KW - reactivity KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - brines KW - neutron diffraction data KW - fractals KW - clastic rocks KW - SEM data KW - image analysis KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1080607413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Changes+to+porosity+and+pore+structure+of+mudstones+resulting+from+reaction+with+CO+%28sub+2%29+and+brine&rft.au=Navarre-Sitchler%2C+Alexis%3BMouzakis%2C+Katherine%3BHeath%2C+Jason%3BDewers%2C+Tom%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BWang%2C+Xiuyu%3BKaszuba%2C+John%3BMcCray%2C+John%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Navarre-Sitchler&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/75/3/1521.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt2011 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; fractals; image analysis; mudstone; neutron diffraction data; porosity; reactivity; SANS data; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; small-angle neutron scattering data; three-dimensional models; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paleometeorology; high resolution Northern Hemisphere wintertime mid-latitude dynamics during the last glacial maximum AN - 1037241095; 2012-078112 AB - Hourly winter weather of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) is simulated using the Community Climate Model version 3 (CCM3) on a globally resolved T170 ( approximately 75 km) grid. Results are compared to a longer LGM climatological run with the same boundary conditions and monthly saves. Hourly-scale animations are used to enhance interpretations. The purpose of the study is to explore whether additional insights into ice age conditions can be gleaned by going beyond the standard employment of monthly average model statistics to infer ice age weather and climate. Results for both LGM runs indicate a decrease in North Atlantic and increase in North Pacific cyclogenesis. Storm trajectories react to the mechanical forcing of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, with Pacific storms tracking over middle Alaska and northern Canada, terminating in the Labrador Sea. This result is coincident with other model results in also showing a significant reduction in Greenland wintertime precipitation - a response supported by ice core evidence. Higher-temporal resolution puts in sharper focus the close tracking of Pacific storms along the west coast of North America. This response is consistent with increased poleward heat transport in the LGM climatological run and could help explain "early" glacial warming inferred in this region from proxy climate records. Additional analyses shows a large increase in central Asian surface gustiness that support observational inferences that upper-level winds associated with Asian-Pacific storms transported Asian dust to Greenland during the LGM. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Unterman, M B AU - Crowley, T J AU - Hodges, K I AU - Kim, S J AU - Erickson, D J Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation L23702 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 23 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - ice cores KW - Laurentide ice sheet KW - last glacial maximum KW - Quaternary KW - paleoatmosphere KW - glaciers KW - paleocirculation KW - global change KW - paleoclimatology KW - ice sheets KW - climate change KW - Cenozoic KW - Northern Hemisphere KW - storms KW - glacial geology KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1037241095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Paleometeorology%3B+high+resolution+Northern+Hemisphere+wintertime+mid-latitude+dynamics+during+the+last+glacial+maximum&rft.au=Unterman%2C+M+B%3BCrowley%2C+T+J%3BHodges%2C+K+I%3BKim%2C+S+J%3BErickson%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Unterman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011GL049599 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-31 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; climate change; glacial geology; glaciers; global change; ice cores; ice sheets; last glacial maximum; Laurentide ice sheet; Northern Hemisphere; paleoatmosphere; paleocirculation; paleoclimatology; Quaternary; storms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049599 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial and fungal communities colonizing mercury sulfide surfaces AN - 1037239106; 2012-077871 AB - Soils and sediments, where mercury (Hg) can exist as Hg sulfide minerals (HgS), represent major reservoirs of Hg in aquatic environments. Due to their low solubility, primary and authigenic HgS (e.g. cinnabar and metacinnabar) have historically been considered insignificant sources of soluble Hg(II) to the environment. Recently however, the solubility of HgS was shown to be greatly enhanced in the presence of a natural microbial consortium [1]. The mechanisms for this enhanced solubility have yet to be assessed. Moreover, bacteria and fungi capable of colonizing HgS surfaces in the environment have not been identified, yet their proximity and association with the mineral makes them likely key players in effecting chemical changes that can impact dissolution. To this end, we assessed the microbial diversity on HgS surfaces in the Hg-contaminated sediments and floodplain soils of the East Fork Poplar Creek in Oak Ridge, TN. Cinnabar and metacinnabar mineral sections were incubated at various depths, and hence redox conditions, in the creek channel, bank, and floodplain. Other metal sulfides, namely pyrite (FeS (sub 2) ) and sphalerite (ZnS), were also incubated to distinguish the host metal effects on the colonizing community composition. Composition and diversity were determined after 6 weeks of incubation, via pyrosequencing using bacterial (16S rRNA) and fungal (ITS) primers. Our results reveal a high diversity of microorganisms colonizing all the metal sulfide surfaces. The microbial community composition and phylogenetic diversity vary as a function of the host metal within the sulfide, as well as between the HgS polymophs, cinnabar and metacinnabar. Oxidation rinds are observed on metacinnabar surfaces, the extent of which decreases with depth within the sediment. These communities have been cultivated and are being investigated for their ability to solubilize HgS. The results from this study will have large implications on the role that microbial communities play in the dissolution of HgS phases and hence mobility of Hg within the environment. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Vazquez-Rodriguez, A I AU - Santelli, C M AU - Brooks, S C AU - Hansel, C M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 2075 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - floodplains KW - pollution KW - Poplar Creek KW - solubility KW - mercury sulfides KW - biogenic processes KW - fungi KW - decontamination KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - fluvial features KW - applications KW - sulfides KW - mineral surface KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1037239106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Bacterial+and+fungal+communities+colonizing+mercury+sulfide+surfaces&rft.au=Vazquez-Rodriguez%2C+A+I%3BSantelli%2C+C+M%3BBrooks%2C+S+C%3BHansel%2C+C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vazquez-Rodriguez&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=2075&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/75/3/2056.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt2011 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; bacteria; biodegradation; biogenic processes; decontamination; floodplains; fluvial features; fungi; mercury; mercury sulfides; metals; mineral surface; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; Poplar Creek; sediments; soil pollution; soils; solubility; sulfides; Tennessee; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption properties of supercritical carbon dioxide in nano-porous synthetic rocks AN - 1033533406; 2012-074430 AB - Carbon dioxide (CO (super 2) ) generated in fossil-fuel powered plants is a concern due to its potential contributions to global warming. Large-scale carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) can help to slow the rise of atmospheric CO (super 2) levels. In this process, CO (super 2) is stripped from the plant emissions, compressed and injected into subsurface reservoirs. Directly after injection, the dominant processes to contain the supercritical CO (super 2) in the reservoir are sorption and capillary trapping. Quantification and understanding of these processes is needed to estimate reservoir capacities and model long-term storage security. In this study, gravimetric sorption experiments were conducted from 0-200 bars and 35-50 degrees C, using mesoporous silica, a synthetic proxy for quartz-rich rock. The CO (super 2) excess sorption isotherms were measured for samples with different pore sizes and morphologies. Strong adsorption of CO (super 2) to silica was found at low pressure, with the formation of a maximum in the excess sorption isotherm. The excess sorption is small or negative at high pressure. An inverse temperature dependence of the sorption strength was found in the adsorption region at low pressure, while the excess sorption showed little temperature dependence at high pressure. Our data suggest the existence of an optimum pressure, between 75-100 bars depending on temperature and pore size, for carbon storage in dry quartz-rich rocks. We also studied the sorption of supercritical CO (super 2) to Na-montmorillonite clay, a proxy for cap rock materials. Limited amounts of CO (super 2) adsorbed to this clay mineral. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Krukowski, Elizabeth G AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Bodnar, Robert J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 1245 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - silica minerals KW - analog simulation KW - injection KW - porosity KW - rock mechanics KW - reservoir rocks KW - clay minerals KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - isotherms KW - quartz KW - sheet silicates KW - reservoir properties KW - framework silicates KW - supercritical fluids KW - compression KW - synthetic materials KW - P-T conditions KW - montmorillonite KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1033533406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Sorption+properties+of+supercritical+carbon+dioxide+in+nano-porous+synthetic+rocks&rft.au=Krukowski%2C+Elizabeth+G%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BBodnar%2C+Robert+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Krukowski&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/75/3/1133.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt2011 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - analog simulation; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clay minerals; compression; experimental studies; framework silicates; injection; isotherms; laboratory studies; montmorillonite; P-T conditions; porosity; quartz; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; rock mechanics; sheet silicates; silica minerals; silicates; sorption; supercritical fluids; synthetic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using the Uranyl Nitrate Calibration Loop Equipment (UNCLE) at ORNL for Safeguards Instrumentation AN - 1022881612; 16120838 AB - Historically, safeguarding nuclear material at the front end of the fuel cycle has been implemented only at the stage when UF(6) has been declared as feedstock for enrichment plants. Recent International Atomic Energy Agency circulars and policy papers have sought to implement safeguards when any purified aqueous uranium solution or uranium oxides suitable for isotopic enrichment or fuel fabrication exist [1]. The Uranyl Nitrate Calibration Loop Equipment (UNCLE) system was designed in a joint effort by Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) to quantify natural uranium throughput in a natural uranium conversion plant (NUCP). The safeguards system consists of a passive neutron monitor and a volume/mass flowmeter. The industrial Coriolis flowmeter, manufactured by Endress-Ilauser, measures the mass and volumetric flow rate of the uranyl nitrate solution. The product of these two measurements (the neutron monitor providing uranium concentration and the mass flowmeter providing flow rate) is the rate of uranium flow through the processing pipe [2]. The objective of UNCLE is to provide a facility for the calibration of neutron monitors and flowmeters for measuring uranium flow in an NUCP, as well as a variety of additional instruments for safeguards monitoring. UNCLE was designed to reproduce the conditions of the purified aqueous uranyl nitrate stream exiting the solvent extraction process in an NUCP operating at approximately 6000 MTU/year [3]. However. UNCLE is not limited to applications involving purified natural uranium; adding solvent to the system, changing the concentration, and changing the enrichment arc all possible in the facility. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Lee, D L AU - Ladd-Lively, J L AU - Ranch, E B AU - Chapman, J A AU - Dewji, S A AD - Fuel Cycle and Isotopes Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory P O Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, SchuhDL@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011///0, PY - 2011 DA - 0, 2011 SP - 258 EP - 259 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 105 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Solvent extraction KW - Fuels KW - USA, New Mexico, Los Alamos KW - Streams KW - Calibrations KW - Uranium KW - Enrichment KW - Fuel KW - Policies KW - Nitrates KW - Laboratories KW - Solvents KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Stream KW - Flowmeters KW - Nuclear energy KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1022881612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Using+the+Uranyl+Nitrate+Calibration+Loop+Equipment+%28UNCLE%29+at+ORNL+for+Safeguards+Instrumentation&rft.au=Lee%2C+D+L%3BLadd-Lively%2C+J+L%3BRanch%2C+E+B%3BChapman%2C+J+A%3BDewji%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Policies; Solvent extraction; Nitrates; Stream; Fuels; Uranium; Solvents; Nuclear energy; Flowmeters; Calibrations; Laboratories; Enrichment; Streams; Fuel; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge; USA, New Mexico, Los Alamos ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing Energy Impact of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Significance of Daily Distance Variation over Time and Among Drivers AN - 1019654006; 16436375 AB - Accurate assessment of the impact of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) on petroleum and electricity consumption is a necessary step toward effective policies. Variations in daily vehicle miles traveled (VMT) over time and among drivers affect PHEV energy impact, but the significance is not well understood. This paper uses a graphical illustration, a mathematical derivation, and an empirical study to examine the cause and significance of such an effect The first two methods reveal that ignoring daily variation in VMT always causes underestimation of petroleum consumption and overestimation of electricity consumption by PHEVs; both biases increase as the assumed PHEV charge-depleting (CD) range moves closer to the average daily VMT. The empirical analysis based on national travel survey data shows that the assumption of uniform daily VMT over time and among drivers causes nearly 68% underestimation of expected petroleum use and nearly 48% overestimation of expected electricity use by PHEVs with a 40-mi CD range (PHEV40s). Also for PHEV40s, consideration of daily variation in VMT over time but not among drivers-similar to the way the utility factor curve is derived in SAE Standard SAE J2841-causes underestimation of expected petroleum use by more than 24% and overestimation of expected electricity use by about 17%. Underestimation of petroleum use and overestimation of electricity use increase with larger-battery PHEVs. JF - Transportation Research Record AU - Lin, Zhenhong AU - Greene, David L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Transportation Research Center, 2360 Cherahala Boulevard, Knoxville, TN 37932 linz@ornl.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 99 EP - 106 PB - Transportation Research Board IS - 2252 SN - 0361-1981, 0361-1981 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Transportation KW - Crude oil KW - Electricity KW - Empirical analysis KW - Electricity consumption KW - Drivers KW - Hybrid vehicles KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1019654006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.atitle=Assessing+Energy+Impact+of+Plug-In+Hybrid+Electric+Vehicles+Significance+of+Daily+Distance+Variation+over+Time+and+Among+Drivers&rft.au=Lin%2C+Zhenhong%3BGreene%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Zhenhong&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=2252&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.issn=03611981&rft_id=info:doi/10.3141%2F2252-13 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-06 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2252-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of rock pore features in geothermal systems using small angle neutron scattering (SANS) AN - 1008819699; 2012-039615 JF - Proceedings - Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Cole, David R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 PB - Stanford University, Stanford Geothermal Program, Stanford, CA VL - 191 SN - 1058-2525, 1058-2525 KW - pressure KW - thermal conductivity KW - geothermal wells KW - enhanced recovery KW - porosity KW - temperature KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - small-angle neutron scattering methods KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - fluid injection KW - geothermal exploration KW - energy sources KW - heat flow KW - theoretical models KW - reservoir properties KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1008819699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+Workshop+on+Geothermal+Reservoir+Engineering&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+rock+pore+features+in+geothermal+systems+using+small+angle+neutron+scattering+%28SANS%29&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=191&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+Workshop+on+Geothermal+Reservoir+Engineering&rft.issn=10582525&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pangea.stanford.edu/ERE/pdf/IGAstandard/SGW/2011/anovitz.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 36th workshop on Geothermal reservoir engineering N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Stanford Geothermal Program workshop report SGP-TR-191 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - energy sources; enhanced recovery; fluid injection; geothermal energy; geothermal exploration; geothermal reservoirs; geothermal wells; heat flow; hydraulic conductivity; models; permeability; porosity; pressure; reservoir properties; small-angle neutron scattering methods; temperature; theoretical models; thermal conductivity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanometer to centimeter scale analysis and modeling of pore structures in geologic CO (sub 2) storage formations and caprocks AN - 1008818914; 2012-040990 AB - The microstructure and evolution of pore space in rocks is a critically important factor controlling fluid flow. The size, distribution and connectivity of these confined geometries dictate how fluids migrate into and through these micro- and nano-environments, wet and react with the solid. (Ultra)small-angle neutron scattering and autocorrelations derived from BSE imaging provide a method of quantifying pore structures in a statistically significant manner from the nanometer to the centimeter scale. These methods were used to characterize the pore features of a variety of potential CO (sub 2) geological storage formations such as the shallow buried quartz arenites from the St. Peter Sandstone and the deeper Mt. Simon quartz arenite in Ohio as well as the Eau Claire shale and mudrocks from the Cranfield MS CO (sub 2) injection test. For example, analyses of experimental and natural samples of St. Peter sandstone show total porosity correlates with changes in pores structure including pore size ratios, surface fractal dimensions, and lacunarity. These new data suggest that microporosity is more prevalent in nominally coarse-grained sandstone and may play a much more important role than previously thought in fluid/rock interactions. The preliminary results from shale and mudrocks indicate there are dramatic differences not only in terms of total micro- to nano-porosity, but also in terms of pore surface fractal (roughness) and mass fractal (pore distributions) dimensions as well as size distributions. Information from imaging and scattering data can also be used to constrain computer-generated, random, three-dimensional porous structures. The results integrate various sources of experimental information and are statistically compatible with the real rock. This allows a more detailed multiscale analysis of structural correlations in the material. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Vlcek, Lukas AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Cole, David R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 444 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - scale factor KW - engineering properties KW - Middle Ordovician KW - data processing KW - Mount Simon Sandstone KW - Cambrian KW - carbon dioxide KW - Upper Cambrian KW - Ordovician KW - sedimentary rocks KW - digital simulation KW - Eau Claire Formation KW - quartz arenite KW - Saint Peter Sandstone KW - fractals KW - carbon sequestration KW - mudstone KW - three-dimensional models KW - shale KW - Paleozoic KW - host rocks KW - statistical analysis KW - porosity KW - arenite KW - cap rocks KW - reservoir properties KW - clastic rocks KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1008818914?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Nanometer+to+centimeter+scale+analysis+and+modeling+of+pore+structures+in+geologic+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+formations+and+caprocks&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BVlcek%2C+Lukas%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=444&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://minmag.geoscienceworld.org/content/75/3/398.full.pdf+html http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt2011 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arenite; Cambrian; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; data processing; digital simulation; Eau Claire Formation; engineering properties; fractals; host rocks; Middle Ordovician; Mount Simon Sandstone; mudstone; Ordovician; Paleozoic; porosity; quartz arenite; reservoir properties; Saint Peter Sandstone; scale factor; sedimentary rocks; shale; statistical analysis; three-dimensional models; Upper Cambrian ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermophysical properties of pore-confined supercritical CO (sub 2) by vibrating tube densimetry AN - 1008818761; 2012-039598 JF - Proceedings - Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering AU - Gruszkiewicz, Miroslaw S AU - Wesolowski, David J AU - Cole, David R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 PB - Stanford University, Stanford Geothermal Program, Stanford, CA VL - 191 SN - 1058-2525, 1058-2525 KW - thermal properties KW - structural controls KW - enhanced recovery KW - porosity KW - carbon dioxide KW - geothermal energy KW - physical properties KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - fluid injection KW - geothermal exploration KW - energy sources KW - thermomechanical properties KW - reservoir properties KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1008818761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+Workshop+on+Geothermal+Reservoir+Engineering&rft.atitle=Thermophysical+properties+of+pore-confined+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+by+vibrating+tube+densimetry&rft.au=Gruszkiewicz%2C+Miroslaw+S%3BWesolowski%2C+David+J%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gruszkiewicz&rft.aufirst=Miroslaw&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=191&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+Workshop+on+Geothermal+Reservoir+Engineering&rft.issn=10582525&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pangea.stanford.edu/ERE/pdf/IGAstandard/SGW/2011/gruszkiewicz.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 36th workshop on Geothermal reservoir engineering N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Stanford Geothermal Program workshop report SGP-TR-191 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; energy sources; enhanced recovery; fluid injection; geothermal energy; geothermal exploration; geothermal reservoirs; physical properties; porosity; reservoir properties; structural controls; thermal properties; thermomechanical properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tensile fracture characteristics of nanostructured ferritic alloy 14YWT AN - 855718589; 14204954 AB - High temperature tensile fracture behavior has been characterized for the nanostructured ferritic alloy 14YWT (SM10 heat). Uniaxial tensile tests were performed at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 1000 degree C in vacuum at a nominal strain rate of 10 super(-3) s super(-1). Comparing with the existing oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steels such as Eurofer 97 and PM2000, the nanostructured alloy showed much higher yield and tensile strength, but with lower elongation. Microstructural characterization for the tested specimens was focused on the details of fracture morphology and mechanism to provide a feedback for process improvement. Below 600 degree C, the fracture surfaces exhibited a quasi-brittle behavior presented by a mixture of dimples and cleavage facets. At or above 600 degree C, however, the fracture surfaces were fully covered with fine dimples. Above 700 degree C dimple formation occurred by sliding and decohesion of grain boundaries. It was notable that numerous microcracks were observed on the side surface of broken specimens. Formation of these microcracks is believed to be the main origin of the poor ductility of 14YWT alloy. It is suggested that a grain boundary strengthening measure is essential to improve the fracture property of the alloy. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Kim, Jeoung Han AU - Byun, Thak Sang AU - Hoelzer, D T AD - Special Alloys Group, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, South Korea, byunts@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/12/31/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Dec 31 SP - 143 EP - 150 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 407 IS - 3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Steels KW - Structural steels KW - Ferrous alloys KW - Superalloys KW - 14YWT KW - Eurofer KW - PM2000 KW - Morphology KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Alloys KW - Steel KW - high temperature KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855718589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Tensile+fracture+characteristics+of+nanostructured+ferritic+alloy+14YWT&rft.au=Kim%2C+Jeoung+Han%3BByun%2C+Thak+Sang%3BHoelzer%2C+D+T&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Jeoung&rft.date=2010-12-31&rft.volume=407&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.09.054 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioactive materials; Morphology; Temperature; Alloys; Steel; high temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.09.054 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolome-Proteome Differentiation Coupled to Microbial Divergence AN - 907151805; 14170086 AB - ABSTRACT: Tandem high-throughput proteomics and metabolomics were employed to functionally characterize natural microbial biofilm communities. Distinct molecular signatures exist for each analyzed sample. Deconvolution of the high-resolution molecular data demonstrates that identified proteins and detected metabolites exhibit organism-specific correlation patterns. These patterns are reflective of the functional differentiation of two bacterial species that share the same genus and that co-occur in the sampled microbial communities. Our analyses indicate that the two species have similar niche breadths and are not in strong competition with one another. IMPORTANCE Natural microbial assemblages represent dynamic consortia that exhibit extensive complexity at all levels. In the present study, we demonstrate that correlations between protein and metabolite abundances allow the deconvolution of complex molecular data sets into shared and organism-specific contingents. We demonstrate that evolutionary divergence is associated with the restructuring of cellular metabolic networks, which in turn allows bacterial species to occupy distinct ecological niches. The apparent lack of interspecific competition may explain the extensive population-level genetic heterogeneity observed extensively within microbial communities. The reported findings have broad implications for the in-depth investigation of the ecology and evolution of distinct microbial community members and for leveraging the solution of cryptic metabolic processes in the future. IMPORTANCE: Natural microbial assemblages represent dynamic consortia that exhibit extensive complexity at all levels. In the present study, we demonstrate that correlations between protein and metabolite abundances allow the deconvolution of complex molecular data sets into shared and organism-specific contingents. We demonstrate that evolutionary divergence is associated with the restructuring of cellular metabolic networks, which in turn allows bacterial species to occupy distinct ecological niches. The apparent lack of interspecific competition may explain the extensive population-level genetic heterogeneity observed extensively within microbial communities. The reported findings have broad implications for the in-depth investigation of the ecology and evolution of distinct microbial community members and for leveraging the solution of cryptic metabolic processes in the future. JF - mBio AU - Wilmes, Paul AU - Bowen, Benjamin P AU - Thomas, Brian C AU - Mueller, Ryan S AU - Denef, Vincent J AU - VerBerkmoes, Nathan C AU - Hettich, Robert L AU - Northen, Trent R AU - Banfield, Jillian F AD - Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2010/12/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Dec 30 SP - e00246 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 1 IS - 5 SN - 2150-7511, 2150-7511 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Biofilms KW - Evolution KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/907151805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=mBio&rft.atitle=Metabolome-Proteome+Differentiation+Coupled+to+Microbial+Divergence&rft.au=Wilmes%2C+Paul%3BBowen%2C+Benjamin+P%3BThomas%2C+Brian+C%3BMueller%2C+Ryan+S%3BDenef%2C+Vincent+J%3BVerBerkmoes%2C+Nathan+C%3BHettich%2C+Robert+L%3BNorthen%2C+Trent+R%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F&rft.aulast=Wilmes&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2010-12-30&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=e00246&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=mBio&rft.issn=21507511&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Evolution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Engineered Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Bacterial Growth and Viability AN - 879470812; 14044306 AB - Interest in engineered nanostructures has risen in recent years due to their use in energy conservation strategies and biomedicine. To ensure prudent development and use of nanomaterials, the fate and effects of such engineered structures on the environment should be understood. Interactions of nanomaterials with environmental microorganisms are inevitable, but the general consequences of such interactions remain unclear, due to a lack of standard methods for assessing such interactions. Therefore, we have initiated a multianalytical approach to understand the interactions of synthesized nanoparticles with bacterial systems. These efforts are focused initially on cerium oxide nanoparticles and model bacteria in order to evaluate characterization procedures and the possible fate of such materials in the environment. The growth and viability of the Gram-negative species Escherichia coli and Shewanella oneidensis, a metal-reducing bacterium, and the Gram-positive species Bacillus subtilis were examined relative to cerium oxide particle size, growth media, pH, and dosage. A hydrothermal synthesis approach was used to prepare cerium oxide nanoparticles of defined sizes in order to eliminate complications originating from the use of organic solvents and surfactants. Bactericidal effects were determined from MIC and CFU measurements, disk diffusion tests, and live/dead assays. For E. coli and B. subtilis, clear strain- and size-dependent inhibition was observed, whereas S. oneidensis appeared to be unaffected by the particles. Transmission electron microscopy along with microarray-based transcriptional profiling was used to understand the response mechanism of the bacteria. Use of multiple analytical approaches adds confidence to toxicity assessments, while the use of different bacterial systems highlights the potential wide-ranging effects of nanomaterial interactions in the environment. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Pelletier, Dale A AU - Suresh, Anil K AU - Holton, Gregory A AU - McKeown, Catherine K AU - Wang, Wei AU - Gu, Baohua AU - Mortensen, Ninell P AU - Allison, David P AU - Joy, David C AU - Allison, Martin R AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Doktycz, Mitchel J AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6445 Y1 - 2010/12/15/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Dec 15 SP - 7981 EP - 7989 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 76 IS - 24 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Cerium KW - Models KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - Escherichia coli KW - oxides KW - Diffusion KW - Cadmium KW - pH effects KW - Diffusion tests KW - Particle size KW - Bacillus subtilis KW - Solvents KW - Energy conservation KW - Transcription KW - Toxicity KW - Minimum inhibitory concentration KW - complications KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Microscopy KW - Microorganisms KW - nanoparticles KW - Surfactants KW - nanotechnology KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - J 02340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/879470812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Engineered+Cerium+Oxide+Nanoparticles+on+Bacterial+Growth+and+Viability&rft.au=Pelletier%2C+Dale+A%3BSuresh%2C+Anil+K%3BHolton%2C+Gregory+A%3BMcKeown%2C+Catherine+K%3BWang%2C+Wei%3BGu%2C+Baohua%3BMortensen%2C+Ninell+P%3BAllison%2C+David+P%3BJoy%2C+David+C%3BAllison%2C+Martin+R%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BDoktycz%2C+Mitchel+J&rft.aulast=Pelletier&rft.aufirst=Dale&rft.date=2010-12-15&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=7981&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Transmission electron microscopy; Energy conservation; Solvents; Transcription; Toxicity; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Models; Colony-forming cells; Microorganisms; oxides; Cadmium; Surfactants; pH effects; nanoparticles; Diffusion tests; nanotechnology; complications; Microscopy; Cerium; Diffusion; Bacillus subtilis; Shewanella oneidensis; Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome Sequence of the Obligate Methanotroph Methylosinus trichosporium Strain OB3b AN - 864952516; 14045458 AB - Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b (for "oddball" strain 3b) is an obligate aerobic methane-oxidizing alphaproteobacterium that was originally isolated in 1970 by Roger Whittenbury and colleagues. This strain has since been used extensively to elucidate the structure and function of several key enzymes of methane oxidation, including both particulate and soluble methane monooxygenase (sMMO) and the extracellular copper chelator methanobactin. In particular, the catalytic properties of soluble methane monooxygenase from M. trichosporium OB3b have been well characterized in context with biodegradation of recalcitrant hydrocarbons, such as trichloroethylene. The sequence of the M. trichosporium OB3b genome is the first reported from a member of the Methylocystaceae family in the order RHIZOBIALES: JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Stein, Lisa Y AU - Yoon, Sukhwan AU - Semrau, Jeremy D AU - DiSpirito, Alan A AU - Crombie, Andrew AU - Murrell, JColin AU - Vuilleumier, Stephane AU - Kalyuzhnaya, Marina G AU - Op den Camp, Huub JM AU - Bringel, Francoise AU - Bruce, D AU - Cheng, J-F AU - Copeland, A AU - Goodwin, Lynne AU - Han, Shunsheng AU - Hauser, Loren AU - Jetten, Mike SM AU - Lajus, Aurelie AU - Land, M L AU - Lapidus, A AU - Lucas, S AU - Medigue, Claudine AU - Pitluck, S AU - Woyke, Tanja AU - Zeytun, Ahmet AU - Klotz, Martin G AD - Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Michigan, 1351 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2125. Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Ames, Iowa 50011. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom. Universite de Strasbourg, UMR 7156 CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France. Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195. Department of Microbiology, IWWR, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Joint Genome Institute, Biosciences Division Genome Science B6, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545. U.S. DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive B310, Walnut Creek, California 94598-1698. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831. Laboratoire d'Analyses Bioinformat Y1 - 2010/12/15/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Dec 15 SP - 6497 EP - 6498 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 192 IS - 24 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - Methane KW - Biodegradation KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - soluble methane monooxygenase KW - Enzymes KW - Methylocystaceae KW - Copper KW - Chelating agents KW - Methanotrophic bacteria KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Oxidation KW - Trichloroethylene KW - Methylosinus trichosporium KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - N 14845:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/864952516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Genome+Sequence+of+the+Obligate+Methanotroph+Methylosinus+trichosporium+Strain+OB3b&rft.au=Stein%2C+Lisa+Y%3BYoon%2C+Sukhwan%3BSemrau%2C+Jeremy+D%3BDiSpirito%2C+Alan+A%3BCrombie%2C+Andrew%3BMurrell%2C+JColin%3BVuilleumier%2C+Stephane%3BKalyuzhnaya%2C+Marina+G%3BOp+den+Camp%2C+Huub+JM%3BBringel%2C+Francoise%3BBruce%2C+D%3BCheng%2C+J-F%3BCopeland%2C+A%3BGoodwin%2C+Lynne%3BHan%2C+Shunsheng%3BHauser%2C+Loren%3BJetten%2C+Mike+SM%3BLajus%2C+Aurelie%3BLand%2C+M+L%3BLapidus%2C+A%3BLucas%2C+S%3BMedigue%2C+Claudine%3BPitluck%2C+S%3BWoyke%2C+Tanja%3BZeytun%2C+Ahmet%3BKlotz%2C+Martin+G&rft.aulast=Stein&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft.date=2010-12-15&rft.volume=192&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=6497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Methane; Biodegradation; Hydrocarbons; soluble methane monooxygenase; Nucleotide sequence; Enzymes; Copper; Chelating agents; Methanotrophic bacteria; Structure-function relationships; Oxidation; Trichloroethylene; Methylocystaceae; Methylosinus trichosporium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High temperature fracture characteristics of a nanostructured ferritic alloy (NFA) AN - 849473592; 13998109 AB - The nanostructured ferritic alloys (NFAs) have been developed to improve high temperature strength and radiation resistance by refining grains and including nanoclusters. Among the key properties of NFAs needed to be assessed for advanced reactor applications the cracking resistance at high temperatures has not been well known. In this work, therefore, the high temperature fracture behavior has been investigated for the latest nanostructured ferritic alloy 14YWT (SM10). The fracture toughness of the alloy was above 140 MPa [sqrt]m at low temperatures, room temperature (RT) and 200 C, but decreased to a low fracture toughness range of 52-82 MPa [sqrt]m at higher temperatures up to 700 C. This behavior was explained by the fractography results indicating that the unique nanostructure of 14YWT alloy produced shallow plasticity layers at high temperatures and a low-ductility grain boundary debonding occurred at 700 C. The discussion also proposes methods to improve resistance to cracking. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Byun, Thak Sang AU - Kim, Jeoung Han AU - Yoon, Ji Hyun AU - Hoelzer, David T AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, byunts@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/12/15/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Dec 15 SP - 78 EP - 82 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 407 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - low temperature KW - Alloys KW - high temperature KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/849473592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=High+temperature+fracture+characteristics+of+a+nanostructured+ferritic+alloy+%28NFA%29&rft.au=Byun%2C+Thak+Sang%3BKim%2C+Jeoung+Han%3BYoon%2C+Ji+Hyun%3BHoelzer%2C+David+T&rft.aulast=Byun&rft.aufirst=Thak&rft.date=2010-12-15&rft.volume=407&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=78&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.09.031 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear reactors; Radioactive materials; low temperature; Temperature; Alloys; high temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.09.031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in lignocellulosic supramolecular and ultrastructure during dilute acid pretreatment of Populus and switchgrass AN - 954590381; 13934991 AB - Dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) is commonly employed prior to enzymatic deconstruction of cellulose to increase overall sugar and subsequent ethanol yields from downstream bioconversion processes. Typically optimization of pretreatment is evaluated by determining hemicellulose removal, subsequent reactivity towards enzymatic deconstruction, and recoverable polysaccharide yields. In this study, the affect of DAP on the supramolecular and ultrastructure of lignocellulosic biomass was evaluated. A series of dilute acidic pretreatments, employing [inline image]0.10-0.20 mol/m super(3) H sub(2)SO sub(4) at [inline image]160-180 C, for varying residence times were conducted on both Populus and switchgrass samples. The untreated and pretreated biomass samples were characterized by carbohydrate and lignin analysis, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and super(13)C cross polarization magic angle spinning (CPMAS) NMR spectroscopy. GPC analysis shows a reduction in the molecular weight of cellulose and change in its polydispersity index (PDI) with increasing residence time, indicating that pretreatment is actually degrading the cellulose chains. super(13)C CPMAS and non-linear line-fitting of the C sub(4) region in the carbon spectrum of the isolated cellulose not only showed that the crystallinity index increases with residence time, but that the lateral fibril dimension (LFD) and lateral fibril aggregate dimension (LFAD) increase as well. JF - Biomass and Bioenergy AU - Foston, Marcus AU - Ragauskas, Art J AD - BioEnergy Science Center, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Paper Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th St., Atlanta, GA 30332, USA, Art.Ragauskas@chemistry.gatech.edu Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 1885 EP - 1895 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 34 IS - 12 SN - 0961-9534, 0961-9534 KW - Environment Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Dilute acid pretreatment KW - Cellulose KW - Supramolecular structure KW - Populus KW - Switchgrass KW - Crystallinity KW - Spectroscopy KW - Polysaccharides KW - Spinning KW - Carbon KW - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy KW - Molecular weight KW - bioconversion KW - NMR KW - Carbohydrates KW - Ultrastructure KW - Ethanol KW - Sugar KW - Chromatography KW - biofuels KW - Polarization KW - Biomass KW - hemicellulose KW - Lignin KW - downstream KW - Fibrils KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954590381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomass+and+Bioenergy&rft.atitle=Changes+in+lignocellulosic+supramolecular+and+ultrastructure+during+dilute+acid+pretreatment+of+Populus+and+switchgrass&rft.au=Foston%2C+Marcus%3BRagauskas%2C+Art+J&rft.aulast=Foston&rft.aufirst=Marcus&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1885&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomass+and+Bioenergy&rft.issn=09619534&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biombioe.2010.07.023 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Crystallinity; Chromatography; Cellulose; Polysaccharides; Biomass; Polarization; hemicellulose; Spinning; Carbon; Molecular weight; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; bioconversion; Lignin; Carbohydrates; Ultrastructure; Fibrils; Ethanol; downstream; biofuels; NMR; Spectroscopy; Populus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.07.023 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Woody energy crops in the southeastern United States: Two centuries of practitioner experience AN - 899135008; 13934959 AB - Forest industry experts were consulted on the potential for hardwood tree species to serve as feedstock for bioenergy in the southeastern United States. Hardwoods are of interest for bioenergy because of desirable physical qualities, genetic research advances, and growth potential. Yet little data is available regarding potential productivity and costs. This paper describes required operations and provides a realistic estimate of the costs of producing bioenergy feedstock based on commercial experiences. Forestry practitioners reported that high productivity rates in southeastern hardwood plantations are confined to narrow site conditions or require costly inputs. Eastern cottonwood and American sycamore grow quickly on rich bottomlands, but are also prone to pests and disease. Sweetgum is frost hardy, has few pest or disease problems, and grows across a broad range of sites, yet growth rates are relatively low. Eucalypts require fewer inputs than do other species and offer high potential productivity but are limited by frost to the lower Coastal Plain and Florida. Further research is required to study naturally regenerated hardwood biomass resources. Loblolly pine has robust site requirements, growth rates rivaling hardwoods, and lower costs of production. More time and investment in silviculture, selection, and breeding will be needed to develop hardwoods as competitive biofuel feedstock species. Because of existing stands and fully developed operations, the forestry community considers loblolly pine to be a prime candidate for plantation bioenergy in the Southeast. JF - Biomass and Bioenergy AU - Kline, Keith L AU - Coleman, Mark D AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6038, USA Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 1655 EP - 1666 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 34 IS - 12 SN - 0961-9534, 0961-9534 KW - Environment Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Biofuels KW - ASW, USA, Florida KW - hardwoods KW - Hardwoods KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture KW - M3:1010 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/899135008?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomass+and+Bioenergy&rft.atitle=Woody+energy+crops+in+the+southeastern+United+States%3A+Two+centuries+of+practitioner+experience&rft.au=Kline%2C+Keith+L%3BColeman%2C+Mark+D&rft.aulast=Kline&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1655&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomass+and+Bioenergy&rft.issn=09619534&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biombioe.2010.05.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hardwoods; hardwoods; ASW, USA, Florida DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.05.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling and analysis of alternative concept of ITER vacuum vessel primary heat transfer system AN - 869800396; 14443480 AB - A RELAP5-3D model of the ITER (Latin for "the way") vacuum vessel (VV) primary heat transfer system has been developed to evaluate a proposed design change that relocates the heat exchangers (HXs) from the exterior of the tokamak building to the interior. This alternative design protects the HXs from external hazards such as wind, tornado, and aircraft crash. The proposed design integrates the VV HXs into a VV pressure suppression system (VVPSS) tank that contains water to condense vapour in case of a leak into the plasma chamber. The proposal is to also use this water as the ultimate sink when removing decay heat from the VV system. The RELAP5-3D model has been run under normal operating and abnormal (decay heat) conditions. Results indicate that this alternative design is feasible, with no effects on the VVPSS tank under normal operation and with tank temperature and pressure increasing under decay heat conditions resulting in a requirement to remove steam generated if the VVPSS tank low pressure must be maintained. JF - Fusion Engineering and Design AU - Carbajo, Juan AU - Yoder, Graydon AU - Dell'Orco, G AU - Curd, Warren AU - Kim, Seokho AD - U.S. ITER, ORNL, 1055 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6483, USA, kims@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 1852 EP - 1858 PB - North-Holland, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 85 IS - 10-12 SN - 0920-3796, 0920-3796 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Heat transfer KW - Alternative concept KW - Safety KW - Accidents KW - Vapors KW - Aircraft KW - Heat exchangers KW - Temperature KW - heat transfer KW - Decay KW - H 2000:Transportation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869800396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fusion+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Modeling+and+analysis+of+alternative+concept+of+ITER+vacuum+vessel+primary+heat+transfer+system&rft.au=Carbajo%2C+Juan%3BYoder%2C+Graydon%3BDell%27Orco%2C+G%3BCurd%2C+Warren%3BKim%2C+Seokho&rft.aulast=Carbajo&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=10-12&rft.spage=1852&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fusion+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=09203796&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fusengdes.2010.06.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vapors; Accidents; Aircraft; Heat exchangers; Temperature; heat transfer; Decay DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2010.06.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of Reanalysis Daily Extreme Temperatures with China's Homogenized Historical Dataset during 1979-2001 Using Probability Density Functions AN - 856787449; 14308960 AB - Using a recently homogenized observational daily maximum (T sub(MAX)) and minimum temperature (T sub(MIN)) dataset for China, the extreme temperatures from the 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40), the Japanese 25-year Reanalysis (JRA-25), the NCEP/Department of Energy Global Reanalysis 2 (NCEP-2), and the ECMWF's ERA-Interim (ERAIn) reanalyses for summer (June-August) and winter (December-February) are assessed by probability density functions for the periods 1979-2001 and 1990-2001. For 1979-2001, no single reanalysis appears to be consistently accurate across eight areas examined over China. The ERA-40 and JRA-25 reanalyses show similar representations and close skill scores over most of the regions of China for both seasons. NCEP-2 generally has lower skill scores, especially over regions with complex topography. The regional and seasonal differences identified are commonly associated with different geographical locations and the methods used to diagnose these quantities. All the selected reanalysis products exhibit better performance for winter compared to summer over most regions of China. The T sub(MAX) values from the reanalysis tend to be systematically underestimated, while T sub(MIN) is systematically closer to observed values than T sub(MAX). Comparisons of the reanalyses to reproduce the 99.7 percentiles for T sub(MAX) and 0.3 percentiles for T sub(MIN) show that most reanalyses tend to underestimate the 99.7 percentiles in maximum temperature both in summer and winter. For the 0.3 percentiles in T sub(MIN), NCEP-2 is relatively inaccurate with a -12 degree C cold bias over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in winter. ERA-40 and JRA-25 generally overestimate the extreme T sub(MIN), and the extreme percentage differences of ERA-40 and JRA-25 are quite similar over all of the regions. The results are generally similar for 1990-2001, but in contrast to the other three reanalysis products the newly released ERAIn is very reasonable, especially for wintertime T sub(MIN), with a skill score greater than 0.83 for each region of China. This demonstrates the great potential of this product for use in future impact assessments on continental scales where those impacts are based on extreme temperatures. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Mao, Jiafu AU - Shi, Xiaoying AU - Ma, Lijuan AU - Kaiser, Dale P AU - Li, Qingxiang AU - Thornton, Peter E AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6301, USA, maoj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 6605 EP - 6623 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 23 IS - 24 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Skill scores KW - Data reanalysis KW - Maximum temperatures KW - Assessments KW - European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts KW - Seasonal variability KW - Topography KW - Density KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Minimum temperatures KW - Probability density function KW - Extreme values KW - Methodology KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Extreme temperatures KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Japan KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856787449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+Reanalysis+Daily+Extreme+Temperatures+with+China%27s+Homogenized+Historical+Dataset+during+1979-2001+Using+Probability+Density+Functions&rft.au=Mao%2C+Jiafu%3BShi%2C+Xiaoying%3BMa%2C+Lijuan%3BKaiser%2C+Dale+P%3BLi%2C+Qingxiang%3BThornton%2C+Peter+E&rft.aulast=Mao&rft.aufirst=Jiafu&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=6605&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JCLI3581.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate; Extreme values; Methodology; Maximum temperatures; Skill scores; Extreme temperatures; European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts; Minimum temperatures; Seasonal variability; Probability density function; Data reanalysis; Topography; Performance Evaluation; Assessments; Density; Climates; Temperature; China, People's Rep.; Japan DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3581.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new pivoting and iterative text detection algorithm for biomedical images AN - 855689388; 14042006 AB - There is interest to expand the reach of literature mining to include the analysis of biomedical images, which often contain a paper's key findings. Examples include recent studies that use Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to extract image text, which is used to boost biomedical image retrieval and classification. Such studies rely on the robust identification of text elements in biomedical images, which is a non-trivial task. In this work, we introduce a new text detection algorithm for biomedical images based on iterative projection histograms. We study the effectiveness of our algorithm by evaluating the performance on a set of manually labeled random biomedical images, and compare the performance against other state-of-the-art text detection algorithms. We demonstrate that our projection histogram-based text detection approach is well suited for text detection in biomedical images, and that the iterative application of the algorithm boosts performance to an F score of .60. We provide a C++ implementation of our algorithm freely available for academic use. JF - Journal of Biomedical Informatics AU - Xu, Songhua AU - Krauthammer, Michael AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 924 EP - 931 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 43 IS - 6 SN - 1532-0464, 1532-0464 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Text detection KW - Histogram analysis for text detection KW - Pivoting and iterative text region detection KW - Biomedical image mining KW - Classification KW - Algorithms KW - Mining KW - Bioinformatics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855689388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomedical+Informatics&rft.atitle=A+new+pivoting+and+iterative+text+detection+algorithm+for+biomedical+images&rft.au=Xu%2C+Songhua%3BKrauthammer%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Songhua&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=924&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biomedical+Informatics&rft.issn=15320464&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jbi.2010.09.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Classification; Algorithms; Bioinformatics; Mining DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2010.09.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A study of extractive and remote-sensing sampling and measurement of emissions from military aircraft engines AN - 815540485; 13892163 AB - Aircraft emissions contribute to the increased atmospheric burden of particulate matter (PM) that plays an important role in air quality, human health, visibility, contrail formation and climate change. Sampling and measurement of modern aircraft emissions at the engine exhaust plane (EEP) for engine and fuel certification remains challenging, as no agency-certified method is available. In this paper we summarize the results of three recent field studies devoted to investigate the consistency and applicability of "extractive" and "optical remote-sensing" (ORS) technologies in the sampling and measurement of gaseous and PM emitted by a number of military aircraft engines. Three classes of military engines were investigated; these include T56, TF33, and T700 & T701C types of engines, which consume 70-80% of the military aviation fuel each year. JP-8 and Fischer-Tropsch (FT)-derived paraffinic fuels were used to study the effect of fuels. It was found that non-volatile particles in the engine emissions were in the 20nm range for the low power condition of new helicopter engines to 80nm for the high power condition of legacy engines. Elemental analysis indicated little metals were present on particles, while most of the materials on the exhaust particles were carbon and sulfate based. Alkanes, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, formaldehyde, ethylene, acetylene and propylene were detected. The last five species were most noticeable only under low engine power. The emission indices calculated based on the ORS data deviate significantly from those based on the extractive data. Nevertheless, the ORS techniques were useful in the sense that it provided non-intrusive real-time detection of species in the exhaust plume, which warrants further development. The results obtained in this program help validate sampling methodology and measurement techniques used for non-volatile PM aircraft emissions as described in the SAE AIR6037 (2009). JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Cheng, Meng-Dawn AU - Corporan, Edwin AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Division of Environmental Research, PO Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, chengmd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 4867 EP - 4878 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 44 IS - 38 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Fuels KW - Climate change KW - Air quality KW - Particulates KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Particulate matter in atmosphere KW - Carbon KW - Aircraft KW - Emissions KW - Aircraft engine exhaust emission KW - Sampling KW - Military KW - Plumes KW - Fuel KW - Exhaust emissions KW - Air Pollution KW - Metals KW - Aviation KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Aircraft observations KW - Particulate matter emissions KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Oxides KW - Nitrogen KW - Technology KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815540485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=A+study+of+extractive+and+remote-sensing+sampling+and+measurement+of+emissions+from+military+aircraft+engines&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Meng-Dawn%3BCorporan%2C+Edwin&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Meng-Dawn&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=38&rft.spage=4867&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2010.08.033 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aviation; Particulate matter in atmosphere; Atmospheric pollution; Particulate matter emissions; Climate change; Aircraft observations; Air quality; Aircraft engine exhaust emission; Carbon dioxide; Carbon monoxide; Aircraft; Fuels; Emissions; Particulates; Military; Technology; Exhaust emissions; Air Pollution; Metals; Carbon; Sampling; Plumes; Oxides; Fuel; Nitrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.08.033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-pressure neutron diffraction study on H-D isotope effects in brucite AN - 1502297506; 2014-011921 AB - A neutron powder diffraction study of hydrogenated and deuterated brucite was conducted at ambient temperature and at pressures up to 9 GPa, using a Paris-Edinburgh high-pressure cell at the WAND instrument of the ORNL High Flux Isotope Reactor. The two materials were synthesized by the same method and companion measurements of neutron diffraction were conducted under the same conditions. Our refinement results show that the lattice-parameters of the a axis, parallel to the sheets of Mg-O octahedra, decrease only slightly with pressure with no effect of H-D substitution. However, the c axis of Mg(OD) (sub 2) is shorter and may exhibit greater compressibility with pressure than that of Mg(OH) (sub 2) . Consequently, the unit-cell volume of deuterated brucite is slightly, but systematically smaller than that of hydrogenated brucite. When fitted to a third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation in terms of the normalized unit-cell volume, values of the bulk modulus for hydrogenated and deuterated brucite (K (sub 0) = 39.0 + or - 2.8 and 40.4 + or - 1.3 GPa, respectively) are, however, indistinguishable from each other within the experimental errors. The measured effect of H-D substitution on the unit-cell volume also demonstrates that brucite (and other hydrous minerals) preferentially incorporate deuterium over hydrogen under pressure, suggesting that the distribution of hydrogen isotopes in deep-earth conditions may differ significantly from that in near-surface environments. Copyright 2010 Springer-Verlag JF - Physics and Chemistry of Minerals AU - Horita, Juske AU - dos Santos, Antonio M AU - Tulk, Christopher A AU - Chakoumakos, Bryan C AU - Polyakov, Veniamin B Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 741 EP - 749 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin - New York VL - 37 IS - 10 SN - 0342-1791, 0342-1791 KW - cell dimensions KW - pressure KW - isotopes KW - high pressure KW - stable isotopes KW - hydroxides KW - brucite KW - hydrogen KW - neutron diffraction data KW - oxides KW - deuterium KW - synthetic materials KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1502297506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.atitle=High-pressure+neutron+diffraction+study+on+H-D+isotope+effects+in+brucite&rft.au=Horita%2C+Juske%3Bdos+Santos%2C+Antonio+M%3BTulk%2C+Christopher+A%3BChakoumakos%2C+Bryan+C%3BPolyakov%2C+Veniamin+B&rft.aulast=Horita&rft.aufirst=Juske&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=741&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=03421791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00269-010-0372-5 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100449/?p=e597e977f1914094b3810f7e67f0a453&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-27 N1 - CODEN - PCMIDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brucite; cell dimensions; deuterium; high pressure; hydrogen; hydroxides; isotopes; neutron diffraction data; oxides; pressure; stable isotopes; synthetic materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-010-0372-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complete Genome Sequence of the Cellulolytic Thermophile Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis OB47T AN - 864952202; 13917847 AB - Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis OB47T (ATCC BAA-2073, JCM 16842) is an extremely thermophilic, anaerobic bacterium capable of hydrolyzing plant-derived polymers through the expression of multidomain/multifunctional hydrolases. The complete genome sequence reveals a diverse set of carbohydrate-active enzymes and provides further insight into lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysis at high temperatures. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Elkins, James G AU - Lochner, Adriane AU - Hamilton-Brehm, Scott D AU - Davenport, Karen Walston AU - Podar, Mircea AU - Brown, Steven D AU - Land, Miriam L AU - Hauser, Loren J AU - Klingeman, Dawn M AU - Raman, Babu AU - Goodwin, Lynne A AU - Tapia, Roxanne AU - Meincke, Linda J AU - Detter, JChris AU - Bruce, David C AU - Han, Cliff S AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Cottingham, Robert W AU - Keller, Martin AU - Graham, David E AD - BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 Y1 - 2010/11/15/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Nov 15 SP - 6099 EP - 6100 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 192 IS - 22 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - Temperature effects KW - hydrolase KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Plants KW - Enzymes KW - Caldicellulosiruptor KW - Biomass KW - Hydrolysis KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - N 14845:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/864952202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Complete+Genome+Sequence+of+the+Cellulolytic+Thermophile+Caldicellulosiruptor+obsidiansis+OB47T&rft.au=Elkins%2C+James+G%3BLochner%2C+Adriane%3BHamilton-Brehm%2C+Scott+D%3BDavenport%2C+Karen+Walston%3BPodar%2C+Mircea%3BBrown%2C+Steven+D%3BLand%2C+Miriam+L%3BHauser%2C+Loren+J%3BKlingeman%2C+Dawn+M%3BRaman%2C+Babu%3BGoodwin%2C+Lynne+A%3BTapia%2C+Roxanne%3BMeincke%2C+Linda+J%3BDetter%2C+JChris%3BBruce%2C+David+C%3BHan%2C+Cliff+S%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BCottingham%2C+Robert+W%3BKeller%2C+Martin%3BGraham%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Elkins&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2010-11-15&rft.volume=192&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=6099&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrolase; Temperature effects; Genomes; Nucleotide sequence; Plants; Enzymes; Biomass; Hydrolysis; Caldicellulosiruptor ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reliable estimation of biochemical parameters from C3 leaf photosynthesis-intercellular carbon dioxide response curves AN - 918041552; 13888064 AB - The Farquhar-von Caemmerer-Berry (FvCB) model of photosynthesis is a change-point model and structurally overparameterized for interpreting the response of leaf net assimilation (A) to intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci). The use of conventional fitting methods may lead not only to incorrect parameters but also several previously unrecognized consequences. For example, the relationships between key parameters may be fixed computationally and certain fits may be produced in which the estimated parameters result in contradictory identification of the limitation states of the data. Here we describe a new approach that is better suited to the FvCB model characteristics. It consists of four main steps: (1) enumeration of all possible distributions of limitation states; (2) fitting the FvCB model to each limitation state distribution by minimizing a distribution-wise cost function that has desirable properties for parameter estimation; (3) identification and correction of inadmissible fits; and (4) selection of the best fit from all possible limitation state distributions. The new approach implemented theoretical parameter resolvability with numerical procedures that maximally use the information content of the data. It was tested with model simulations, sampled A/Ci curves, and chlorophyll fluorescence measurements of different tree species. The new approach is accessible through the automated website leafweb.ornl.gov. JF - Plant, Cell & Environment AU - Gu, Lianhong AU - Pallardy, Stephen G AU - Tu, Kevin AU - Law, Beverly E AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AD - 1Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 1852 EP - 1874 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 33 IS - 11 SN - 0140-7791, 0140-7791 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Biochemistry KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Chlorophyll KW - Fluorescence KW - Photosynthesis KW - Simulation KW - Trees KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918041552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant%2C+Cell+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Reliable+estimation+of+biochemical+parameters+from+C3+leaf+photosynthesis-intercellular+carbon+dioxide+response+curves&rft.au=Gu%2C+Lianhong%3BPallardy%2C+Stephen+G%3BTu%2C+Kevin%3BLaw%2C+Beverly+E%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Lianhong&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1852&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant%2C+Cell+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01407791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3040.2010.02192.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlorophyll; Fluorescence; Biochemistry; Photosynthesis; Trees; Simulation; Carbon dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02192.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Initial characterization of mudstone nanoporosity with small angle neutron scattering using caprocks from carbon sequestration sites AN - 902076032; 2011-093381 AB - Geological carbon sequestration relies on the principle that CO (sub 2) injected deep into the subsurface is unable to leak to the atmosphere. Structural trapping by a relatively impermeable caprock (often mudstone such as a shale) is the main trapping mechanism that is currently relied on for the first hundreds of years. Many of the pores of the caprock are of micrometer to nanometer scale. However, the distribution, geometry and volume of porosity at these scales are poorly characterized. Differences in pore shape and size can cause variation in capillary properties and fluid transport resulting in fluid pathways with different capillary entry pressures in the same sample. Prediction of pore network properties for distinct geologic environments would result in significant advancement in our ability to model subsurface fluid flow. Specifically, prediction of fluid flow through caprocks of geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration reservoirs is a critical step in evaluating the risk of leakage to overlying aquifers. The micro- and nanoporosity was analyzed in four mudstones using small angle neutron scattering (SANS). These mudstones are caprocks of formations that are currently under study or being used for carbon sequestration projects and include the Marine Tuscaloosa Group, the Lower Tuscaloosa Group, the upper and lower shale members of the Kirtland Formation, and the Pennsylvanian Gothic shale. Total organic carbon varies from <0.3% to 4% by weight. Expandable clay contents range from 10% to approximately 40% in the Gothic Shale and Kirtland Formation, respectively. Neutrons effectively scatter from interfaces between materials with differing scattering length density (i.e. minerals and pores). The intensity of scattered neutrons, I(Q), where Q is the scattering vector, gives information about the volume of pores and their arrangement in the sample. The slope of the scattering data when plotted as log I(Q) vs. log Q provides information about the fractality or geometry of the pore network. Results from this study, combined with high-resolution TEM imaging, provide insight into the differences in volume and geometry of porosity between these various mudstones. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-ACOC4-94AL85000. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Mouzakis, Katherine M AU - Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis AU - McCray, John E AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Dewers, Thomas AU - Heath, Jason AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 452 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - carbon sequestration KW - mudstone KW - Cretaceous KW - shale KW - Kirtland Shale KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - fluid injection KW - sedimentary rocks KW - total organic carbon KW - small angle neutron scattering KW - volume KW - cap rocks KW - Tuscaloosa Formation KW - Gothic Formation KW - clastic rocks KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902076032?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Initial+characterization+of+mudstone+nanoporosity+with+small+angle+neutron+scattering+using+caprocks+from+carbon+sequestration+sites&rft.au=Mouzakis%2C+Katherine+M%3BNavarre-Sitchler%2C+Alexis%3BMcCray%2C+John+E%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BDewers%2C+Thomas%3BHeath%2C+Jason%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mouzakis&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=452&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; Cretaceous; fluid injection; geometry; Gothic Formation; ground water; Kirtland Shale; Mesozoic; mudstone; organic compounds; physical properties; porosity; sedimentary rocks; shale; small angle neutron scattering; total organic carbon; Tuscaloosa Formation; Upper Cretaceous; volume ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas-brine-rock interactions following CO (super 2) injection into the Tuscaloosa Sandstone; results from SECARB Phase III at Cranfield, MS AN - 902076016; 2011-093380 AB - The SECARB Phase III test at Cranfield, MS, is a multi-laboratory field experiment funded by DOE to investigate the potential for the geologic storage of large volumes of CO (sub 2) in saline aquifers. The experiment uses a CO (sub 2) injection well and two observation wells, perforated into an 18-m interval of heterogeneous sandstones of the lower Tuscaloosa Formation at approximately 3000 m depth. The wells are located in the downdip water leg of the antiformal Cranfield oil field that was recently subjected to CO (sub 2) EOR. Injection of CO (sub 2) at 5000 ft (super 3) /day began in December 2009, and brine and gas samples were collected during the initial 18 days of CO (sub 2) injection using installed u-tubes and downhole Kuster samplers. Baseline brine, oil, and gas samples were also collected from Denbury-Cranfield production wells in March and December, 2009. Field (pH, EC, alkalinity and fluorescein tracer) and laboratory chemical and isotopic analyses were conducted to characterize geochemical changes in response to CO (sub 2) injection. Tuscaloosa brine is Na-Ca-Cl type of relatively uniform salinity ( approximately 152,000 mg/L TDS) and solute concentrations; the brine is CH (sub 4) saturated ( approximately 60 mM), CO (sub 2) is 5-7 wt%, and H (sub 2) S is negligible. Geochemical modeling indicates calcite and disordered dolomite are near saturation at subsurface conditions ( approximately 125 degrees C; approximately 350 bars). Brine salinity and monovalent solute concentrations were unchanged following CO (sub 2) breakthrough; however pH decreased (from approximately 5.7 to 5.0), and alkalinity increased (from approximately 375 to 500 mg/L as HCO (sub 3) ). Divalent cations show modest increases--Ca (8%), Mg (9%), Sr (8%), Fe (28%), and Zn (27%)--with lower pH and higher pCO (sub 2) . Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios are virtually constant as concentrations increase, which strongly suggests congruent carbonate dissolution. Initial results from this experiment suggest only minimal water-rock interaction, which contrasts sharply with results from the Frio pilot, where pH decreased sharply and alkalinity and Fe concentrations greatly increased. The minor chemical changes at Cranfield may be due to: 1) the experiment design--use of fiberglass-lined casing and non-corrosive well components; 2) slow-reacting host rocks; and 3) advance of CO (sub 2) primarily in high permeability zones that, in the Tuscaloosa, tend to be carbonate poor, and contain minerals coated with non-reactive Fe-chlorite. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Thordsen, James J AU - Kharaka, Yousif K AU - Ambats, Gil AU - Manning, Michael A AU - Cole, David R AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Horita, Juske AU - Lu, Jiemin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 451 EP - 452 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Cretaceous KW - Cranfield Field KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - sandstone KW - observation wells KW - salinity KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - iron KW - carbon dioxide KW - SECARB Phase III KW - fluid injection KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - alkalinity KW - Tuscaloosa Formation KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - experimental studies KW - methane KW - carbon sequestration KW - Mississippi KW - solutes KW - alkanes KW - Mesozoic KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - brines KW - hydrocarbons KW - clastic rocks KW - field studies KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902076016?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Gas-brine-rock+interactions+following+CO+%28super+2%29+injection+into+the+Tuscaloosa+Sandstone%3B+results+from+SECARB+Phase+III+at+Cranfield%2C+MS&rft.au=Thordsen%2C+James+J%3BKharaka%2C+Yousif+K%3BAmbats%2C+Gil%3BManning%2C+Michael+A%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BHorita%2C+Juske%3BLu%2C+Jiemin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thordsen&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkalinity; alkanes; aquifers; brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; Cranfield Field; Cretaceous; experimental studies; field studies; fluid injection; geochemistry; hydrocarbons; iron; Mesozoic; metals; methane; Mississippi; observation wells; organic compounds; pH; salinity; sandstone; SECARB Phase III; sedimentary rocks; solutes; Tuscaloosa Formation; United States; Upper Cretaceous; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanoscale control of geologic CO (sub 2) ; a DOE energy frontier research center AN - 898205609; 2011-089263 AB - The objective of the Center is to use new investigative tools, combined with experiments and computational methods, to build a next-generation understanding of molecular-to-pore-scale processes in fluid-rock systems, and to demonstrate the ability to control critical aspects of flow and transport in porous rock media, in particular as applied to geologic sequestration of CO (sub 2) . The objectives address fundamental science challenges related to far-from equilibrium systems, nanoscale processes at interfaces, and emergent phenomena. The specific overarching goals are to (1) establish, within 10 years, novel molecular, nanoscale, and pore-network scale approaches for controlling flow, dissolution, and precipitation in deep subsurface rock formations to achieve the efficient filling of pore space with injected supercritical CO (sub 2) , with maximum solubility and mineral trapping and near-zero leakage, and (2) develop a predictive capability for reactive transport of CO (sub 2) -rich fluid that is applicable for 100-1000 years into the future. The major technological gaps to controlling and ultimately sequestering subsurface CO (sub 2) can be traced to far-from-equilibrium processes that originate at the molecular and nanoscale, but are expressed as complex emergent behavior at larger scales. Essential knowledge gaps involve the effects of nanoscale confinement on material properties, flow and chemical reactions, the effects of nanoparticles, mineral surface dynamics, and microbiota on mineral dissolution/precipitation and fluid flow, and the dynamics of fluid-fluid and fluid-mineral interfaces. The construction of quantitative macroscale process models based on nanoscale process descriptions is a critical additional fundamental knowledge gap. A combination of carefully integrated experiments and modeling approaches are used to evaluate essential molecular and nanoscale processes, and to treat the transition from the nanoscale to pore scale, and the effects that arise at that scale. Multiscale computational models and lab-scale experiments are used to understand the emergence of macroscale properties and processes. This presentation will highlight key results from three thrust efforts: mineral nucleation, fluids in nanopores and pore-scale fluid-solid interactions. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Cole, David R AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - DeYoreo, James J AU - Sposito, Garrison AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 345 EP - 346 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - controls KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - carbon sequestration KW - water-rock interaction KW - government agencies KW - research KW - geochemistry KW - rock mechanics KW - carbon dioxide KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/898205609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Nanoscale+control+of+geologic+CO+%28sub+2%29+%3B+a+DOE+energy+frontier+research+center&rft.au=Cole%2C+David+R%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BDeYoreo%2C+James+J%3BSposito%2C+Garrison%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; controls; geochemistry; government agencies; research; rock mechanics; U. S. Department of Energy; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aqueous dissolution and alteration of olivine in low temperature and pressure environments AN - 898205555; 2011-089245 AB - Many olivine experiments at low temperature and pressure either focus on surface dissolution rate determination at ambient conditions (T = 25 degrees C, P = 0.1 MPa) or surface alteration characterization at conditions analogous to shallow crustal environments (e.g. mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal environments at T = 250-400 degrees C, P = 100-200 MPa). We conducted fluid-solid experiments with single crystal olivine under conditions that bridge this dissolution-alteration transition to investigate the physical, chemical and mineralogical changes to the mineral surface. Experiments were performed over a range of temperature (25-300 degrees C), pressure (0.1-200 MPa), and duration (1-90 d), with solutions that included deionized, distilled water (pH = 7), HCl (pH = 2, 0.01 M) and H (sub 2) SO (sub 4) (pH = 2, 0.005 M). Starting material for experiments were single crystals of San Carlos olivine (Fo90) that were cut into plates approximately 4 mm in diameter and approximately 1 mm thick and polished to ensure a uniform surface layer. To characterize surface topography, all plates were examined by profilometry before and after each experiment. These examinations indicated an increase in etching, pitting, and overall surface roughness resulting from experiment. To characterize chemical changes, each olivine was examined using SIMS and XPS depth profiling. XPS analysis of dissolution-dominated experiments showed surface depletion of Mg, with the depth of depletion varying with starting solution (e.g. approximately 100 nm Mg depletion zone for H (sub 2) O vs. >400 nm Mg depletion zone for HCl at 150 degrees C, 0.1 MPa, 28 d). SIMS depth profiles of (super 1) H, (super 24) Mg, (super 30) Si, and (super 54) Fe concentrations show protonation of surfaces in the lower T and P experiments, and formation of alteration rinds in the higher T and P experiments. Surface dissolution rates for olivine vary with pH, with acidic systems having the fastest rates. Our experiments do not fix pH, but instead olivine buffers pH to values of 6-8. Increased pH results in slower dissolution rates and partly affects whether dissolution or alteration is the dominant process, since the formation of alteration phases (e.g. talc, antigorite, brucite) also depends on available cations. Our experiments show that temperature and pressure provide the initial kinetic control on dissolution, but the transition to alteration is a function of pH and concentration of Mg (super 2+) in solution. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - DeAngelis, Michael T AU - Labotka, Theodore C AU - Cole, David R AU - Fayek, Mostafa AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 342 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - silicates KW - nesosilicates KW - experimental studies KW - solutions KW - phase equilibria KW - olivine KW - orthosilicates KW - olivine group KW - P-T conditions KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/898205555?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Aqueous+dissolution+and+alteration+of+olivine+in+low+temperature+and+pressure+environments&rft.au=DeAngelis%2C+Michael+T%3BLabotka%2C+Theodore+C%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BFayek%2C+Mostafa%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=DeAngelis&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=342&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - experimental studies; nesosilicates; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; silicates; solutions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atomic force microscopy of biological samples AN - 869585745; 14821171 AB - The ability to evaluate structural-functional relationships in real time has allowed scanning probe microscopy (SPM) to assume a prominent role in post genomic biological research. In this mini-review, we highlight the development of imaging and ancillary techniques that have allowed SPM to permeate many key areas of contemporary research. We begin by examining the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) by Binnig and Rohrer in 1982 and discuss how it served to team biologists with physicists to integrate high-resolution microscopy into biological science. We point to the problems of imaging nonconductive biological samples with the STM and relate how this led to the evolution of the atomic force microscope (AFM) developed by Binnig, Quate, and Gerber, in 1986. Commercialization in the late 1980s established SPM as a powerful research tool in the biological research community. Contact mode AFM imaging was soon complemented by the development of non-contact imaging modes. These non-contact modes eventually became the primary focus for further new applications including the development of fast scanning methods. The extreme sensitivity of the AFM cantilever was recognized and has been developed into applications for measuring forces required for indenting biological surfaces and breaking bonds between biomolecules. Further functional augmentation to the cantilever tip allowed development of new and emerging techniques including scanning ion-conductance microscopy (SICM), scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM), Kelvin force microscopy (KFM) and scanning near field ultrasonic holography (SNFUH). WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2010 2 618-634 JF - Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology AU - Allison, David P AU - Mortensen, Ninell P AU - Sullivan, Claretta J AU - Doktycz, Mitchel J AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, TN 37831-6445, USA, doktyczmj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/11/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Nov 01 SP - 618 EP - 634 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK VL - 2 IS - 6 SN - 1939-0041, 1939-0041 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Scanning KW - Ultrasonics KW - Microscopes KW - Reviews KW - DNA probes KW - Computed tomography KW - atomic force microscopy KW - genomics KW - Short term memory KW - Evolution KW - nanotechnology KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869585745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wiley+Interdisciplinary+Reviews%3A+Nanomedicine+and+Nanobiotechnology&rft.atitle=Atomic+force+microscopy+of+biological+samples&rft.au=Allison%2C+David+P%3BMortensen%2C+Ninell+P%3BSullivan%2C+Claretta+J%3BDoktycz%2C+Mitchel+J&rft.aulast=Allison&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=618&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wiley+Interdisciplinary+Reviews%3A+Nanomedicine+and+Nanobiotechnology&rft.issn=19390041&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwnan.104 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Scanning; Ultrasonics; DNA probes; Reviews; Microscopes; Computed tomography; atomic force microscopy; genomics; Short term memory; Evolution; nanotechnology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wnan.104 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemistry of geologic sequestration of CO (sub 2) ; sources of major uncertainties AN - 868008079; 2011-044059 AB - Combustion of fossil fuels currently releases approximately 30 Gt CO (sub 2) to the atmosphere annually, and this is projected to increase to approximately 43 Gt by 2030. Increased anthropogenic emissions of CO (sub 2) have raised its atmospheric concentrations in the last 100 years from approximately 280 ppmv to 390 ppmv, and based on several defined scenarios, CO (sub 2) concentrations could increase to 1,100 ppmv by 2100. There is now a broad scientific consensus that global warming and the resulting climate changes are caused mainly by these atmospheric CO (sub 2) increases. Carbon dioxide sequestration, especially its geologic storage in sedimentary basins is now considered necessary to stabilize atmospheric levels of greenhouse gases and global temperatures at acceptable values. Successful sequestration of large volumes of anthropogenic CO (sub 2) , however, requires an in depth understanding and accurate predictions of CO (sub 2) -brine-oil-mineral interactions from pore space to basin scales. These geochemical and biogeochemical interactions would determine the long-term storage security, reservoir performance and environmental impacts. In this introduction, we discuss recent results and insights obtained from many laboratory and pilot field experiments, natural analogs, EOR and commercial CO (sub 2) sequestration operations. Considerable uncertainties and scientific gaps, however, still exist in understanding and predicting CO (sub 2) phases, transport and interactions in heterogeneous reservoirs and cap rocks, because supercritical CO (sub 2) is buoyant, displaces huge volumes of formation water and becomes reactive to minerals, well pipes and cements when dissolved in brine. A major gap in geochemical knowledge relates to obtaining accurate kinetic rate laws for mineral dissolution, precipitation, and transformation reactions under the full range of subsurface and CO (sub 2) -saturation conditions. Detailed site characterization and a comprehensive measurements, monitoring and validation (MMV) program are also needed to minimize environmental impacts, including contaminating underground sources of drinking water. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Kharaka, Yousif K AU - Cole, David R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 210 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - cement materials KW - biochemistry KW - connate waters KW - solution KW - environmental effects KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - precipitation KW - transformations KW - geochemistry KW - uncertainty KW - construction materials KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/868008079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Geochemistry+of+geologic+sequestration+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+%3B+sources+of+major+uncertainties&rft.au=Kharaka%2C+Yousif+K%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kharaka&rft.aufirst=Yousif&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; cement materials; connate waters; construction materials; environmental effects; geochemistry; ground water; monitoring; precipitation; solution; transformations; uncertainty ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms of iron oxide transformations in hydrothermal systems AN - 861985536; 2011-034143 AB - Coexistence of magnetite and hematite in hydrothermal systems has often been used to constrain the redox potential of fluids, assuming that the redox equilibrium is attained among all minerals and aqueous species. However, as temperature decreases, disequilibrium mineral assemblages may occur due to the slow kinetics of reaction involving the minerals and fluids. In this study, we conducted a series of experiments in which hematite or magnetite was reacted with an acidic solution under H (sub 2) -rich hydrothermal conditions (T=100-250 degrees C, P (sub H2) =0.05-5 MPa) to investigate the kinetics of redox and non-redox transformations between hematite and magnetite, and the mechanisms of iron oxide transformation under hydrothermal conditions. The formation of euhedral crystals of hematite in 150 and 200 degrees C experiments, in which magnetite was used as the starting material, indicates that non-redox transformation of magnetite to hematite occurred within 24 h. The chemical composition of the experimental solutions was controlled by the non-redox transformation between magnetite and hematite throughout the experiments. While solution compositions were controlled by the non-redox transformation in the first 3 days in a 250 degrees C experiment, reductive dissolution of magnetite became important after 5 days and affected the solution chemistry. At 100 degrees C, the presence of maghemite was indicated in the first 7 days. Based on these results, equilibrium constants of non-redox transformation between magnetite and hematite and those of non-redox transformation between magnetite and maghemite were calculated. Our results suggest that the redox transformation of hematite to magnetite occurs in the following steps: (1) reductive dissolution of hematite to Fe (sub (aq)) (super 2+) and (2) non-redox transformation of hematite and Fe (sub (aq)) (super 2+) to magnetite. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Otake, T AU - Wesolowski, D J AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Allard, L F AU - Ohmoto, H Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 6141 EP - 6156 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 74 IS - 21 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - iron oxides KW - hydrothermal vents KW - aqueous solutions KW - temperature KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - hematite KW - oxides KW - crystallization KW - acidic composition KW - transformations KW - crystal chemistry KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - SEM data KW - Eh KW - P-T conditions KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/861985536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+of+iron+oxide+transformations+in+hydrothermal+systems&rft.au=Otake%2C+T%3BWesolowski%2C+D+J%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BAllard%2C+L+F%3BOhmoto%2C+H&rft.aulast=Otake&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=6141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2010.07.024 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; aqueous solutions; chemical composition; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystallization; Eh; experimental studies; geochemistry; hematite; hydrothermal conditions; hydrothermal vents; iron oxides; kinetics; magnetite; oxides; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; SEM data; temperature; transformations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2010.07.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO2 enhancement of forest productivity constrained by limited nitrogen availability AN - 860375146; 14021472 AB - Stimulation of terrestrial plant production by rising CO sub(2) concentration is projected to reduce the airborne fraction of anthropogenic CO sub(2) emissions. Coupled climate-carbon cycle models are sensitive to this negative feedback on atmospheric CO sub(2), but model projections are uncertain because of the expectation that feedbacks through the nitrogen (N) cycle will reduce this so-called CO sub(2) fertilization effect. We assessed whether N limitation caused a reduced stimulation of net primary productivity (NPP) by elevated atmospheric CO sub(2) concentration over 11 y in a free-air CO sub(2) enrichment (FACE) experiment in a deciduous Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum) forest stand in Tennessee. During the first 6 y of the experiment, NPP was significantly enhanced in forest plots exposed to 550 ppm CO sub(2) compared with NPP in plots in current ambient CO sub(2), and this was a consistent and sustained response. However, the enhancement of NPP under elevated CO sub(2) declined from 24% in 2001-2003 to 9% in 2008. Global analyses that assume a sustained CO sub(2) fertilization effect are no longer supported by this FACE experiment. N budget analysis supports the premise that N availability was limiting to tree growth and declining over time -an expected consequence of stand development, which was exacerbated by elevated CO sub(2). Leaf- and stand-level observations provide mechanistic evidence that declining N availability constrained the tree response to elevated CO sub(2); these observations are consistent with stand-level model projections. This FACE experiment provides strong rationale and process understanding for incorporating N limitation and N feedback effects in ecosystem and global models used in climate change assessments. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Norby, Richard J AU - Warren, Jeffrey M AU - Iversen, Colleen M AU - Medlyn, Belinda E AU - McMurtrie, Ross E AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 19368 EP - 19373 PB - National Academy of Sciences, 2101 Constitution Ave. Washington DC 20418 USA VL - 107 IS - 45 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Emissions KW - Forests KW - Nitrogen KW - Terrestrial environments KW - Trees KW - budgets KW - fertilization KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Liquidambar styraciflua KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860375146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=CO2+enhancement+of+forest+productivity+constrained+by+limited+nitrogen+availability&rft.au=Norby%2C+Richard+J%3BWarren%2C+Jeffrey+M%3BIversen%2C+Colleen+M%3BMedlyn%2C+Belinda+E%3BMcMurtrie%2C+Ross+E&rft.aulast=Norby&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=45&rft.spage=19368&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1006463107 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fertilization; Terrestrial environments; Trees; Emissions; Forests; Carbon dioxide; budgets; Nitrogen; Liquidambar styraciflua; USA, Tennessee DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1006463107 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new role for coenzyme F420 in aflatoxin reduction by soil mycobacteria. AN - 762028666; 21038477 AB - Hepatotoxic aflatoxins have found a worthy adversary in two new families of bacterial oxidoreductases. These enzymes use the reduced coenzyme F420 to initiate the degradation of furanocoumarin compounds, including the major mycotoxin products of Aspergillus flavus. Along with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate synthases and aryl nitroreductases, these proteins form a large and versatile superfamily of flavin and deazaflavin-dependent oxidoreductases. F420-dependent members of this family appear to share a common mechanism of hydride transfer from the reduced, low-potential deazaflavin to the electron-deficient ring systems of their substrates. JF - Molecular microbiology AU - Graham, David E AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, USA. grahamde@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 533 EP - 536 VL - 78 IS - 3 KW - Aflatoxins KW - 0 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - coenzyme F420 KW - 64885-97-8 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Riboflavin KW - TLM2976OFR KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Bacterial Proteins -- chemistry KW - Bacterial Proteins -- metabolism KW - Oxidoreductases -- chemistry KW - Biocatalysis KW - Mycobacterium -- chemistry KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Riboflavin -- chemistry KW - Aflatoxins -- metabolism KW - Riboflavin -- metabolism KW - Mycobacterium -- metabolism KW - Riboflavin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Aflatoxins -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762028666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+microbiology&rft.atitle=A+new+role+for+coenzyme+F420+in+aflatoxin+reduction+by+soil+mycobacteria.&rft.au=Graham%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=533&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+microbiology&rft.issn=1365-2958&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2011-02-17 N1 - Date created - 2010-10-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring Made Simple AN - 1038278300; 14291733 AB - Groundwater in many U.S. historical legacy sites is contaminated with dense non-aqueous phase liquids, most of which are chlorinated hydrocarbons such as trichloroethylene (TCE). Due to migration in the subsurface over time, it is practically impossible to completely remove these contaminants. In order to assess the status of the pollutants and to address public concern, technologies for long-term monitoring of groundwater contaminants are needed. JF - Water Quality Products AU - Xu, J Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 14 EP - 15 PB - Scranton Gillette Communications, Inc. VL - 15 IS - 11 SN - 1092-0978, 1092-0978 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Water Quality KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Water quality KW - Migration KW - Chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Chlorinated Hydrocarbons KW - USA KW - Pollutants KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Trichloroethylene KW - Groundwater KW - Monitoring KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1038278300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Quality+Products&rft.atitle=Monitoring+Made+Simple&rft.au=Xu%2C+J&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Quality+Products&rft.issn=10920978&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; Pollutants; Groundwater pollution; Trichloroethylene; Water quality; Chlorinated hydrocarbons; Chlorinated Hydrocarbons; Water Quality; Groundwater Pollution; Monitoring; Groundwater; Migration; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of a hybrid MPI/OpenMP approach for parallel ground water model calibration using multi-core computers AN - 1011391116; 2012-042495 AB - Calibration of groundwater models involves hundreds to thousands of forward solutions, each of which may solve many transient coupled nonlinear partial differential equations, resulting in a computationally intensive problem. We describe a hybrid MPI/OpenMP approach to exploit two levels of parallelisms in software and hardware to reduce calibration time on multi-core computers. HydroGeoChem 5.0 (HGC5) is parallelized using OpenMP for direct solutions for a reactive transport model application, and a field-scale coupled flow and transport model application. In the reactive transport model, a single parallelizable loop is identified to account for over 97% of the total computational time using GPROF. Addition of a few lines of OpenMP compiler directives to the loop yields a speedup of about 10 on a 16-core compute node. For the field-scale model, parallelizable loops in 14 of 174 HGC5 subroutines that require 99% of the execution time are identified. As these loops are parallelized incrementally, the scalability is found to be limited by a loop where Cray PAT detects over 90% cache missing rates. With this loop rewritten, similar speedup as the first application is achieved. The OpenMP-parallelized code can be run efficiently on multiple workstations in a network or multiple compute nodes on a cluster as slaves using parallel PEST to speedup model calibration. To run calibration on clusters as a single task, the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is added to HGC5 with the Jacobian calculation and lambda search parallelized using MPI. With this hybrid approach, 100-200 compute cores are used to reduce the calibration time from weeks to a few hours for these two applications. This approach is applicable to most of the existing groundwater model codes for many applications. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Tang, Guoping AU - D'Azevedo, Eduardo F AU - Zhang, Fan AU - Parker, Jack C AU - Watson, David B AU - Jardine, Philip M Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 1451 EP - 1460 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 36 IS - 11 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - United States KW - Nolichucky Shale KW - isotopes KW - data processing KW - calibration KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - Bear Creek valley KW - sedimentary rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - Tennessee KW - algorithms KW - water pollution KW - shale KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - models KW - ponds KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1011391116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Application+of+a+hybrid+MPI%2FOpenMP+approach+for+parallel+ground+water+model+calibration+using+multi-core+computers&rft.au=Tang%2C+Guoping%3BD%27Azevedo%2C+Eduardo+F%3BZhang%2C+Fan%3BParker%2C+Jack+C%3BWatson%2C+David+B%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M&rft.aulast=Tang&rft.aufirst=Guoping&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2010.04.013 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GGEOD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Bear Creek valley; calibration; clastic rocks; data processing; ground water; isotopes; mathematical methods; metals; models; nitrates; Nolichucky Shale; pollutants; pollution; ponds; radioactive isotopes; reservoir rocks; sedimentary rocks; shale; statistical analysis; Tennessee; transport; United States; waste disposal; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2010.04.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ammonia permeability of the soybean nodulin 26 channel AN - 918041501; 13891927 AB - Soybean nodulin 26 (nod26), a member of the aquaporin superfamily, is the major protein component of the symbiosome membrane that encloses nitrogen-fixing bacteroids in root nodules. Previous work has demonstrated that nod26 facilitates the transport of water and glycerol, although a potential additional role as a channel for fixed ammonia efflux has been hypothesized. In the present study it is shown that recombinant nod26 reconstituted into proteoliposomes facilitates NH3 transport in an Hg2+-sensitive manner with a reduced activation energy, hallmarks of protein-facilitated transport characteristic of aquaporins. Comparison of the predicted single-channel transport rates of nod26 suggests a 4.9-fold preference for ammonia compared to water. JF - FEBS Letters AU - Hwang, Jin Ha AU - Ellingson, Sally R AU - Roberts, Daniel M AD - Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA, drobert2@utk.edu Y1 - 2010/10/22/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Oct 22 SP - 4339 EP - 4343 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 584 IS - 20 SN - 0014-5793, 0014-5793 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Channels KW - Permeability KW - Membranes KW - Nitrogen fixation KW - Ammonia KW - Proteins KW - soybeans KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918041501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEBS+Letters&rft.atitle=Ammonia+permeability+of+the+soybean+nodulin+26+channel&rft.au=Hwang%2C+Jin+Ha%3BEllingson%2C+Sally+R%3BRoberts%2C+Daniel+M&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=Jin&rft.date=2010-10-22&rft.volume=584&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=4339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEBS+Letters&rft.issn=00145793&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.febslet.2010.09.033 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Channels; Permeability; Membranes; Nitrogen fixation; Ammonia; Proteins; soybeans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2010.09.033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dihydro-resveratrol - A potent dietary polyphenol AN - 954591529; 13941661 AB - Dihydro-resveratrol (dihydro- R), a prominent polyphenol component of red wine, has a profound proliferative effect on hormone-sensitive tumor cell lines such as breast cancer cell line MCF7. We found a significant increase in MCF7 tumor cells growth rates in the presence of picomolar concentrations of this compound. The proliferative effect of dihydro- R was not observed in cell lines that do not express hormone receptors (MDA-MB-231, BT-474, and [character removed]-562). JF - Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters AU - Gakh, Andrei A AU - Anisimova, Natalia Yu AU - Kiselevsky, Mikhail V AU - Sadovnikov, Sergey V AU - Stankov, Ivan N AU - Yudin, Mikhail V AU - Rufanov, Konstantin A AU - Krasavin, Mikhail Yu AU - Sosnov, Andrey V AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd., Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6242, USA, gakhaa@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/10/15/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Oct 15 SP - 6149 EP - 6151 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 20 IS - 20 SN - 0960-894X, 0960-894X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Breast cancer KW - Tumor cell lines KW - Vitaceae KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954591529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioorganic+and+Medicinal+Chemistry+Letters&rft.atitle=Dihydro-resveratrol+-+A+potent+dietary+polyphenol&rft.au=Gakh%2C+Andrei+A%3BAnisimova%2C+Natalia+Yu%3BKiselevsky%2C+Mikhail+V%3BSadovnikov%2C+Sergey+V%3BStankov%2C+Ivan+N%3BYudin%2C+Mikhail+V%3BRufanov%2C+Konstantin+A%3BKrasavin%2C+Mikhail+Yu%3BSosnov%2C+Andrey+V&rft.aulast=Gakh&rft.aufirst=Andrei&rft.date=2010-10-15&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=6149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioorganic+and+Medicinal+Chemistry+Letters&rft.issn=0960894X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bmcl.2010.08.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tumor cell lines; Vitaceae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.08.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment techniques to prevent cracking of amorphous microspheres made by the internal gelation process AN - 849478602; 13943345 AB - The internal gelation process has been used to make plutonium gel spheres and zirconium gel spheres with stabilized yttrium. However, attempts to convert these amorphous gel spheres into kernels have failed due to cracking during the subsequent heat treatments. The porosity of the amorphous microspheres is typically not sufficient to permit the gases that are formed during subsequent heat treatments to escape. The microspheres will crack when the internal pressure becomes too great. In this study, several treatment techniques were applied to zirconium microspheres stabilized with yttrium in an effort to reduce or eliminate cracking. A combination of water washes, a pressurized water treatment at 473 K for 3 h, and a Dowanol PM treatment was shown to eliminate the cracking problem with the zirconium microspheres, which were heated to 1438 K. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Hunt, R D AU - Montgomery, F C AU - Collins, J L AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6223, United States, huntrd@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/10/15/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Oct 15 SP - 160 EP - 164 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 405 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Gases KW - Plutonium KW - Water treatment KW - Radioactive materials KW - Yttrium KW - Zirconium KW - porosity KW - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/849478602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Treatment+techniques+to+prevent+cracking+of+amorphous+microspheres+made+by+the+internal+gelation+process&rft.au=Hunt%2C+R+D%3BMontgomery%2C+F+C%3BCollins%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2010-10-15&rft.volume=405&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.08.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plutonium; Gases; Water treatment; Radioactive materials; Yttrium; Zirconium; porosity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.08.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Next generation models for storage and representation of microbial biological annotation AN - 918045732; 14323782 AB - Traditional genome annotation systems were developed in a very different computing era, one where the World Wide Web was just emerging. Consequently, these systems are built as centralized black boxes focused on generating high quality annotation submissions to GenBank/EMBL supported by expert manual curation. The exponential growth of sequence data drives a growing need for increasingly higher quality and automatically generated annotation. Typical annotation pipelines utilize traditional database technologies, clustered computing resources, Perl, C, and UNIX file systems to process raw sequence data, identify genes, and predict and categorize gene function. These technologies tightly couple the annotation software system to hardware and third party software (e.g. relational database systems and schemas). This makes annotation systems hard to reproduce, inflexible to modification over time, difficult to assess, difficult to partition across multiple geographic sites, and difficult to understand for those who are not domain experts. These systems are not readily open to scrutiny and therefore not scientifically tractable. The advent of Semantic Web standards such as Resource Description Framework (RDF) and OWL Web Ontology Language (OWL) enables us to construct systems that address these challenges in a new comprehensive way. Here, we develop a framework for linking traditional data to OWL-based ontologies in genome annotation. We show how data standards can decouple hardware and third party software tools from annotation pipelines, thereby making annotation pipelines easier to reproduce and assess. An illustrative example shows how TURTLE (Terse RDF Triple Language) can be used as a human readable, but also semantically-aware, equivalent to GenBank/EMBL files. The power of this approach lies in its ability to assemble annotation data from multiple databases across multiple locations into a representation that is understandable to researchers. In this way, all researchers, experimental and computational, will more easily understand the informatics processes constructing genome annotation and ultimately be able to help improve the systems that produce them. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Quest, Daniel J AU - Land, Miriam L AU - Brettin, Thomas S AU - Cottingham, Robert W AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6420, USA Y1 - 2010/10/07/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Oct 07 SP - S15 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB UK VL - 11 IS - 6 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Data processing KW - Informatics KW - Computer applications KW - World Wide Web KW - Semantics KW - Models KW - Computer programs KW - Databases KW - software KW - Language KW - Bioinformatics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918045732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Next+generation+models+for+storage+and+representation+of+microbial+biological+annotation&rft.au=Quest%2C+Daniel+J%3BLand%2C+Miriam+L%3BBrettin%2C+Thomas+S%3BCottingham%2C+Robert+W&rft.aulast=Quest&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2010-10-07&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-11-S6-S15 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Databases; Computer programs; software; Data processing; Informatics; Language; Bioinformatics; Computer applications; World Wide Web; Models; Semantics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-11-S6-S15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reflections on the origins and evolution of genetic toxicology and the environmental mutagen society AN - 968162220; 15033734 AB - This article traces the development of the field of mutagenesis and its metamorphosis into the research area we now call genetic toxicology. In 1969, this transitional event led to the founding of the Environmental Mutagen Society (EMS). The charter of this new Society was to 'encourage interest in and study of mutagens in the human environment, particularly as these may be of concern to public health.' As the mutagenesis field unfolded and expanded, new wording appeared to better describe this evolving area of research. The term 'genetic toxicology' was coined and became an important subspecialty of the broad area of toxicology. Genetic toxicology is now set for a thorough reappraisal of its methods, goals, and priorities to meet the challenges of the 21st Century. To better understand these challenges, we have revisited the primary goal that the EMS founders had in mind for the Society's main mission and objective, namely, the quantitative assessment of genetic (hereditary) risks to human populations exposed to environmental agents. We also have reflected upon some of the seminal events over the last 40 years that have influenced the advancement of the genetic toxicology discipline and the extent to which the Society's major goal and allied objectives have been achieved. Additionally, we have provided suggestions on how EMS can further advance the science of genetic toxicology in the postgenome era. Any oversight or failure to make proper acknowledgment of individuals, events, or the citation of relevant references in this article is unintentional. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2010. copyright 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - Wassom, John S AU - Malling, Heinrich V AU - Sankaranarayanan, K AU - Lu, Po-Yung AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory (retired), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, lupy@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 746 EP - 760 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 51 IS - 8-9 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Mutagens KW - Metamorphosis KW - human populations KW - metamorphosis KW - Toxicology KW - Evolution KW - Mutagenesis KW - Public health KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/968162220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Reflections+on+the+origins+and+evolution+of+genetic+toxicology+and+the+environmental+mutagen+society&rft.au=Wassom%2C+John+S%3BMalling%2C+Heinrich+V%3BSankaranarayanan%2C+K%3BLu%2C+Po-Yung&rft.aulast=Wassom&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=8-9&rft.spage=746&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fem.20589 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/em.20589/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mutagens; Metamorphosis; Evolution; Public health; Mutagenesis; human populations; metamorphosis; Toxicology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.20589 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale production of magnetic nanoparticles using bacterial fermentation AN - 839697626; 13774404 AB - Production of both nano-sized particles of crystalline pure phase magnetite and magnetite substituted with Co, Ni, Cr, Mn, Zn or the rare earths for some of the Fe has been demonstrated using microbial processes. This microbial production of magnetic nanoparticles can be achieved in large quantities and at low cost. In these experiments, over 1kg (wet weight) of Zn-substituted magnetite (nominal composition of Zn sub(0.6)Fe sub(2.4)O sub(4)) was recovered from 30l fermentations. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to confirm that the extracellular magnetites exhibited good mono-dispersity. TEM results also showed a highly reproducible particle size and corroborated average crystallite size (ACS) of 13.1c0.8nm determined through X-ray diffraction (N=7) at a 99% confidence level. Based on scale-up experiments performed using a 35-l reactor, the increase in ACS reproducibility may be attributed to a combination of factors including an increase of electron donor input, availability of divalent substitution metal ions and fewer ferrous ions in the case of substituted magnetite, and increased reactor volume overcoming differences in each batch. Commercial nanometer sized magnetite (25-50nm) may cost $500/kg. However, microbial processes are potentially capable of producing 5-90nm pure or substituted magnetites at a fraction of the cost of traditional chemical synthesis. While there are numerous approaches for the synthesis of nanoparticles, bacterial fermentation of magnetite or metal-substituted magnetite may represent an advantageous manufacturing technology with respect to yield, reproducibility and scalable synthesis with low costs at low energy input. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology AU - Moon, Ji-Won AU - Rawn, Claudia J AU - Rondinone, Adam J AU - Love, Lonnie J AU - Roh, Yul AU - Everett, SMichelle AU - Lauf, Robert J AU - Phelps, Tommy J AD - Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA, phelpstj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 1023 EP - 1031 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 37 IS - 10 SN - 1367-5435, 1367-5435 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bacteria KW - Metals KW - Ions KW - Chromium KW - Fermentation KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Crystals KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Energy KW - Bioreactors KW - Zinc KW - Manganese KW - nanoparticles KW - magnetite KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - A 01310:Products of Microorganisms KW - J 02300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839697626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Large-scale+production+of+magnetic+nanoparticles+using+bacterial+fermentation&rft.au=Moon%2C+Ji-Won%3BRawn%2C+Claudia+J%3BRondinone%2C+Adam+J%3BLove%2C+Lonnie+J%3BRoh%2C+Yul%3BEverett%2C+SMichelle%3BLauf%2C+Robert+J%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J&rft.aulast=Moon&rft.aufirst=Ji-Won&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1023&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.issn=13675435&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10295-010-0749-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ions; Metals; Chromium; Fermentation; Transmission electron microscopy; Crystals; X-ray diffraction; Bioreactors; Energy; Zinc; nanoparticles; Manganese; magnetite; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10295-010-0749-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GolgiP: prediction of Golgi-resident proteins in plants AN - 831149049; 13812992 AB - SUMMARY: We present a novel Golgi-prediction server, GolgiP, for computational prediction of both membrane- and non-membrane-associated Golgi-resident proteins in plants. We have employed a support vector machine-based classification method for the prediction of such Golgi proteins, based on three types of information, dipeptide composition, transmembrane domain(s) (TMDs) and functional domain(s) of a protein, where the functional domain information is generated through searching against the Conserved Domains Database, and the TMD information includes the number of TMDs, the length of TMD and the number of TMDs at the N-terminus of a protein. Using GolgiP, we have made genome-scale predictions of Golgi-resident proteins in 18 plant genomes, and have made the preliminary analysis of the predicted data. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Chou, Wen-Chi AU - Yin, Yanbin AU - Xu, Ying AD - Computational Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, BioEnergy Science Center, USA and College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China Y1 - 2010/10/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Oct 01 SP - 2464 EP - 2465 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK VL - 26 IS - 19 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Golgi apparatus KW - Databases KW - Data processing KW - Bioinformatics KW - Computer applications KW - Internet KW - N-Terminus KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/831149049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=GolgiP%3A+prediction+of+Golgi-resident+proteins+in+plants&rft.au=Chou%2C+Wen-Chi%3BYin%2C+Yanbin%3BXu%2C+Ying&rft.aulast=Chou&rft.aufirst=Wen-Chi&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=2464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Databases; Golgi apparatus; Data processing; Bioinformatics; Computer applications; Internet; N-Terminus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probing the mechanism of cellulosome attachment to the Clostridium thermocellum cell surface: computer simulation of the Type II cohesin-dockerin complex and its variants AN - 807266694; 13721538 AB - The recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass to hydrolysis is the bottleneck in cellulosic ethanol production. Efficient degradation of biomass by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium thermocellum is carried out by the multicomponent cellulosome complex. The bacterial cell-surface attachment of the cellulosome is mediated by high-affinity protein-protein interactions between the Type II cohesin domain borne by the cell envelope protein and the Type II dockerin domain, together with neighboring X-module present at the C-terminus of the scaffolding protein (Type II coh-Xdoc). Here, the Type II coh-Xdoc interaction is probed using molecular dynamics simulations, free-energy calculations and essential dynamics analyses on both the wild type and various mutants of the C. thermocellum Type II coh-Xdoc in aqueous solution. The simulations identify the hot spots, i.e. the amino acid residues that may lead to a dramatic decrease in binding affinity upon mutation and also probe the effects of mutations on the mode of binding. The results suggest that bulky and hydrophobic residues at the protein interface, which make specific contacts with their counterparts, may play essential roles in retaining a rigid cohesin-dockerin interface. Moreover, dynamical cross-correlation analysis indicates that the X-module has a dramatic effect on the cohesin-dockerin interaction and is required for the dynamical integrity of the interface. JF - Protein Engineering AU - Xu, Jiancong AU - Smith, Jeremy C AD - Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 759 EP - 768 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK VL - 23 IS - 10 SN - 0269-2139, 0269-2139 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cell surface KW - Amino acids KW - Mathematical models KW - Biodegradation KW - Cell envelopes KW - C-Terminus KW - Probes KW - Hydrophobicity KW - Clostridium thermocellum KW - Biomass KW - Hydrolysis KW - cohesin KW - Free energy KW - cellulosomes KW - Mutation KW - Protein interaction KW - Ethanol KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - W 30940:Products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807266694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Protein+Engineering&rft.atitle=Probing+the+mechanism+of+cellulosome+attachment+to+the+Clostridium+thermocellum+cell+surface%3A+computer+simulation+of+the+Type+II+cohesin-dockerin+complex+and+its+variants&rft.au=Xu%2C+Jiancong%3BSmith%2C+Jeremy+C&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Jiancong&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=759&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Protein+Engineering&rft.issn=02692139&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell surface; Biodegradation; Mathematical models; Amino acids; Cell envelopes; C-Terminus; Probes; Hydrophobicity; Biomass; cohesin; Hydrolysis; Free energy; cellulosomes; Mutation; Protein interaction; Ethanol; Clostridium thermocellum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate change effects on plant biomass alter dominance patterns and community evenness in an experimental old-field ecosystem AN - 762280994; 13822649 AB - AbstractAtmospheric and climatic change can alter plant biomass production and plant community composition. However, we know little about how climate change-induced alterations in biomass production affect plant species composition. To better understand how climate change will alter both individual plant species and community biomass, we manipulated atmospheric [CO2], air temperature, and precipitation in a constructed old-field ecosystem. Specifically, we compared the responses of dominant and subdominant species to our climatic treatments, and explored how changes in plant dominance patterns alter community evenness over 2 years. Our study resulted in four major findings: (1) all treatments, elevated [CO2], warming, and increased precipitation increased plant community biomass and the effects were additive rather than interactive, (2) plant species differed in their response to the treatments, resulting in shifts in the proportional biomass of individual species, which altered the plant community composition; however, the plant community response was largely driven by the positive precipitation response of Lespedeza, the most dominant species in the community, (3) precipitation explained most of the variation in plant community composition among treatments, and (4) changes in precipitation caused a shift in the dominant species proportional biomass that resulted in lower community evenness in the wet relative to dry treatments. Interestingly, compositional and evenness responses of the subdominant community to the treatments did not always follow the responses of the whole plant community. Our data suggest that changes in plant dominance patterns and community evenness are an important part of community responses to climatic change, and generally, that such compositional shifts can alter ecosystem biomass production and nutrient inputs. JF - Global Change Biology AU - KARDOL, PAUL AU - Campany, Courtney E AU - Souza, Lara AU - Norby, Richard J AU - Weltzin, Jake F AU - Classen, Aimee T AD - *Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 SP - 2676 EP - 2687 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 16 IS - 10 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - community composition KW - diversity KW - drought KW - elevated [CO2] KW - Lespedeza cuneata KW - old-fields KW - precipitation KW - soil moisture KW - temperature KW - warming KW - dominance KW - Rainfall KW - Climatic changes KW - Climate change KW - Nutrients KW - Air temperature KW - Species Composition KW - Lespedeza KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Species composition KW - plant biomass KW - Data processing KW - dominant species KW - Climate KW - Environmental impact KW - Precipitation KW - Biomass KW - Dominance KW - Dominant species KW - Community composition KW - plant communities KW - Plant communities KW - Carbon dioxide KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762280994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Climate+change+effects+on+plant+biomass+alter+dominance+patterns+and+community+evenness+in+an+experimental+old-field+ecosystem&rft.au=KARDOL%2C+PAUL%3BCampany%2C+Courtney+E%3BSouza%2C+Lara%3BNorby%2C+Richard+J%3BWeltzin%2C+Jake+F%3BClassen%2C+Aimee+T&rft.aulast=KARDOL&rft.aufirst=PAUL&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2486.2010.02162.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 78 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dominant species; Community composition; Interspecific relationships; Climate change; Environmental impact; Carbon dioxide; Species Composition; Air temperature; Data processing; Climatic changes; Plant communities; Nutrients; Species composition; Precipitation; Biomass; Dominance; dominance; dominant species; plant communities; Rainfall; Climate; plant biomass; Lespedeza DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02162.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of acid-chlorite delignification on cellulose degree of polymerization AN - 753683275; 13256052 AB - Two types of pure cellulose, Avicel PH-101 and Whatman filter paper, were treated with an acid-chlorite delignification procedure in the presence of varying amounts of incorporated lignin, and the molecular weight distributions and degrees of polymerization (DP) of derivatized cellulose were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Avicel samples with 0% added lignin showed a DP reduction of nearly 5% during acid-chlorite delignification, compared to a 1% drop in DP with 30% added lignin. Lignin-free filter paper samples showed a DP reduction of nearly 35% after hollocellulose delignification. This drop in DP was reduced to less than 12% for samples which contained 30% lignin. Thus, the presence of lignin in biomass samples minimized the DP reduction of cellulose due to acid catalyzed cleavage during acid-chlorite delignification. JF - Bioresource Technology AU - Hubbell, Christopher A AU - Ragauskas, Arthur J AD - BioEnergy Science Center, Institute of Paper Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA, arthur.ragauskas@chemistry.gatech.edu Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 7410 EP - 7415 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 101 IS - 19 SN - 0960-8524, 0960-8524 KW - Environment Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cellulose KW - Degree of polymerization (DP) KW - Delignification KW - GPC KW - Molecular weight KW - Filters KW - Polymerization KW - Chromatography KW - Lignin KW - Filter paper KW - Biomass KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753683275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresource+Technology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+acid-chlorite+delignification+on+cellulose+degree+of+polymerization&rft.au=Hubbell%2C+Christopher+A%3BRagauskas%2C+Arthur+J&rft.aulast=Hubbell&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=7410&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresource+Technology&rft.issn=09608524&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biortech.2010.04.029 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polymerization; Chromatography; Molecular weight; Cellulose; Lignin; Filter paper; Biomass; Filters DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Turbulent flame-wall interaction: a direct numerical simulation study AN - 759317447; 13740317 AB - A turbulent flame-wall interaction (FWI) configuration is studied using three-dimensional direct numerical simulation (DNS) and detailed chemical kinetics. The simulations are used to investigate the effects of the wall turbulent boundary layer (i) on the structure of a hydrogen-air premixed flame, (ii) on its near-wall propagation characteristics and (iii) on the spatial and temporal patterns of the convective wall heat flux. Results show that the local flame thickness and propagation speed vary between the core flow and the boundary layer, resulting in a regime change from flamelet near the channel centreline to a thickened flame at the wall. This finding has strong implications for the modelling of turbulent combustion using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes or large-eddy simulation techniques. Moreover, the DNS results suggest that the near-wall coherent turbulent structures play an important role on the convective wall heat transfer by pushing the hot reactive zone towards the cold solid surface. At the wall, exothermic radical recombination reactions become important, and are responsible for approximately 70% of the overall heat release rate at the wall. Spectral analysis of the convective wall heat flux provides an unambiguous picture of its spatial and temporal patterns, previously unobserved, that is directly related to the spatial and temporal characteristic scalings of the coherent near-wall turbulent structures. JF - Journal of Fluid Mechanics AU - Gruber, A AU - Sankaran, R AU - Hawkes, E R AU - Chen, J H AD - National Center for Computational Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831, USA, andrea.gruber@sintef.no Y1 - 2010/09/10/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 10 SP - 5 EP - 32 PB - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU United Kingdom VL - 658 SN - 0022-1120, 0022-1120 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Spectral Analysis KW - Ecological distribution KW - Boundary Layers KW - Heat Transfer KW - Chemical kinetics KW - Fluid mechanics KW - Recombination KW - Numerical analysis KW - Turbulent boundary layer KW - Heat flux KW - Spectral analysis KW - Large eddy simulations KW - Fluid Mechanics KW - Heat transfer KW - Channels KW - Numerical simulations KW - Heat KW - Kinetics KW - Boundary layers KW - Convective activity KW - Fluctuations KW - M2 551.511:Mechanics and Thermodynamics of the Atmosphere (551.511) KW - SW 6010:Structures KW - Q2 09146:TSD distribution, water masses and circulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759317447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fluid+Mechanics&rft.atitle=Turbulent+flame-wall+interaction%3A+a+direct+numerical+simulation+study&rft.au=Gruber%2C+A%3BSankaran%2C+R%3BHawkes%2C+E+R%3BChen%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Gruber&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2010-09-10&rft.volume=658&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fluid+Mechanics&rft.issn=00221120&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS0022112010001278 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fluid mechanics; Numerical analysis; Recombination; Boundary layers; Ecological distribution; Spectral analysis; Chemical kinetics; Turbulent boundary layer; Heat transfer; Heat flux; Numerical simulations; Convective activity; Large eddy simulations; Channels; Heat; Kinetics; Spectral Analysis; Boundary Layers; Heat Transfer; Fluctuations; Fluid Mechanics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112010001278 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pneumatic drop-on-demand generation for production of metal oxide microspheres by internal gelation AN - 889388900; 14916738 AB - Drop-on-demand generation is an alternative approach to the traditional vibrating nozzle used for the production of nuclear fuel microspheres via the internal gelation method. We integrated a low-cost pneumatic setup and demonstrated that the drop-on-demand approach has some advantages, such as low inventory of feed solution (attractive for laboratory-scale research), improved drop diameter control, reproducibility, scale-up to desired throughput by simple multiplication of the number of dispensing units, and simple remote operation. However, limitations on reproducibility and drop diameter control still exist due to the intrinsic variation of physical properties, viscosity, and dispensing-tip wettability during the internal gelation process. These adverse effects can be mitigated, to a certain extent, by carefully controlling the temperature of the feed as uniformly as possible. We validated the drop-on-demand generation method by producing solid kernels of yttrium-stabilized zirconia and soft gel microspheres of iron hydroxide. In addition, we have measured the diameter change at each principal process stage. Based on the observed gas entrainment/absorption in the gel spheres, we conjectured that aging and washing are likely the critical stages determining the final precision to which microspheres can be made. Finally, we comment on potential improvements that add robustness to the method for handling other metal precursors in aqueous solutions. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - De Almeida, Valmor F AU - Hunt, Rodney D AU - Collins, Jack L AD - Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6181, USA Y1 - 2010/09/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 01 SP - 44 EP - 49 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 404 IS - 1 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - hydroxides KW - Metals KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Radioactive materials KW - Absorption KW - Iron KW - Side effects KW - Feeds KW - aging KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/889388900?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Pneumatic+drop-on-demand+generation+for+production+of+metal+oxide+microspheres+by+internal+gelation&rft.au=De+Almeida%2C+Valmor+F%3BHunt%2C+Rodney+D%3BCollins%2C+Jack+L&rft.aulast=De+Almeida&rft.aufirst=Valmor&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=404&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.06.024 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydroxides; Metals; Radioactive materials; Nuclear fuels; Absorption; Iron; Side effects; aging; Feeds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.06.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Elusive Minimum Viable Population Size for White Sturgeon AN - 807285913; 13848038 AB - Damming of large rivers in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and Canada has divided the historical population of white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus into more than 36 fragmented populations, few of which are thriving. We now face the challenge of managing these populations to avoid extirpation. Two goals of this study were to identify extinction thresholds related to small size and inadequate habitat for this species. The minimum viable population size (MVP) is the threshold size above which populations support recruitment and grow and below which populations fail to support recruitment and decline. We estimated a single, cross-population MVP using data from multiple populations and quantile regression, which removed the effects of factors other than population size. Only two populations (those in the Bonneville and Dalles reservoirs on the Columbia River), both with significant increasing trends, were larger than our MVP estimate. We detected significant decreasing trends in two populations--those below Bonneville Dam and in the Kootenai River. To discover how site-specific differences in river habitat influence MVP, we used a population viability analysis (PVA) model that incorporated Allee mechanisms. The PVA model identified a river segment length below which extinction was certain regardless of initial population size. Above this threshold, simulated populations in river segments that were longer or that provided more frequent recruitment opportunities were able to persist with smaller initial sizes. Two priorities emerged for white sturgeon: monitoring age structure and understanding the circumstances preventing recruitment to age 1. Our results ultimately guided us toward thresholds in rearing habitat and age structure that promise to develop into more useful conservation tools than MVP for this and similar long-lived species. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Jager, Henriette I AU - Lepla, Ken B AU - Winkle, Webb Van AU - James, Brad W AU - McAdam, Steven O AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Post Office Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6036, USA, jagerhi@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 1551 EP - 1565 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 139 IS - 5 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Sturgeons KW - White sturgeon KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - population number KW - Historical account KW - Age KW - Anadromous species KW - Larval development KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Models KW - Habitats KW - Acipenser KW - Dams KW - recruitment KW - extinction KW - Sturgeon KW - Reservoirs KW - Size KW - Rivers KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Age composition KW - Acipenser transmontanus KW - Data processing KW - Extinction KW - Recruitment KW - ANW, Canada KW - Rare species KW - Habitat KW - Model Studies KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - USA, Columbia R., Bonneville Dam KW - Nature conservation KW - Conservation KW - Monitoring KW - Species extinction KW - SW 6090:Fisheries engineering KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807285913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=The+Elusive+Minimum+Viable+Population+Size+for+White+Sturgeon&rft.au=Jager%2C+Henriette+I%3BLepla%2C+Ken+B%3BWinkle%2C+Webb+Van%3BJames%2C+Brad+W%3BMcAdam%2C+Steven+O&rft.aulast=Jager&rft.aufirst=Henriette&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FT09-069.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Anadromous species; Recruitment; Nature conservation; Rare species; Larval development; Species extinction; Size; Rivers; Age; Age composition; Data processing; Extinction; Conservation; Habitat; Models; Historical account; population number; extinction; recruitment; Reservoirs; Habitats; Dams; Aquatic Habitats; Sturgeon; Monitoring; Model Studies; Acipenser transmontanus; Acipenser; USA, Columbia R., Bonneville Dam; ANW, Canada; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T09-069.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure of the endonuclease IV homologue from Thermotoga maritima in the presence of active-site divalent metal ions AN - 807280267; 13821654 AB - The most frequent lesion in DNA is at apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites resulting from DNA-base losses. These AP-site lesions can stall DNA replication and lead to genome instability if left unrepaired. The AP endonucleases are an important class of enzymes that are involved in the repair of AP-site intermediates during damage-general DNA base-excision repair pathways. These enzymes hydrolytically cleave the 5'-phosphodiester bond at an AP site to generate a free 3'-hydroxyl group and a 5'-terminal sugar phosphate using their AP nuclease activity. Specifically, Thermotoga maritima endonuclease IV is a member of the second conserved AP endonuclease family that includes Escherichia coli endonuclease IV, which is the archetype of the AP endonuclease superfamily. In order to more fully characterize the AP endonuclease family of enzymes, two X-ray crystal structures of the T. maritima endonuclease IV homologue were determined in the presence of divalent metal ions bound in the active-site region. These structures of the T. maritima endonuclease IV homologue further revealed the use of the TIM-barrel fold and the trinuclear metal binding site as important highly conserved structural elements that are involved in DNA-binding and AP-site repair processes in the AP endonuclease superfamily. JF - Acta Crystallographica Section F AU - Tomanicek, Stephen J AU - Hughes, Ronny C AU - Ng, Joseph D AU - Coates, Leighton AD - aOak Ridge National Laboratory, Neutron Scattering Science Division, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, coatesl@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/09/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 01 SP - 1003 EP - 1012 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 66 IS - 9 SN - 1744-3091, 1744-3091 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - apurinic/apyrimidinic endonucleases KW - endonuclease IV KW - DNA-repair proteins KW - Thermotoga maritima KW - Genomes KW - DNA biosynthesis KW - Ions KW - Sugar KW - Replication KW - Heavy metals KW - Nuclease KW - Enzymes KW - DNA repair KW - Phosphate KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Escherichia coli KW - Crystal structure KW - AP endonuclease KW - Endonuclease KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807280267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Crystallographica+Section+F&rft.atitle=Structure+of+the+endonuclease+IV+homologue+from+Thermotoga+maritima+in+the+presence+of+active-site+divalent+metal+ions&rft.au=Tomanicek%2C+Stephen+J%3BHughes%2C+Ronny+C%3BNg%2C+Joseph+D%3BCoates%2C+Leighton&rft.aulast=Tomanicek&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1003&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+Crystallographica+Section+F&rft.issn=17443091&rft_id=info:doi/10.1107%2FS1744309110028575 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Sugar; Ions; DNA biosynthesis; Heavy metals; Replication; Enzymes; Nuclease; DNA repair; Phosphate; Ionizing radiation; Crystal structure; AP endonuclease; Endonuclease; Escherichia coli; Thermotoga maritima DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1744309110028575 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CXTFIT/Excel-A modular adaptable code for parameter estimation, sensitivity analysis and uncertainty analysis for laboratory or field tracer experiments AN - 787191741; 13637481 AB - We implemented the widely used CXTFIT code in Excel to provide flexibility and added sensitivity and uncertainty analysis functions to improve transport parameter estimation and to facilitate model discrimination for multi-tracer experiments on structured soils. Analytical solutions for one-dimensional equilibrium and nonequilibrium convection dispersion equations were coded as VBA functions so that they could be used as ordinary math functions in Excel for forward predictions. Macros with user-friendly interfaces were developed for optimization, sensitivity analysis, uncertainty analysis, error propagation, response surface calculation, and Monte Carlo analysis. As a result, any parameter with transformations (e.g., dimensionless, log-transformed, species-dependent reactions, etc.) could be estimated with uncertainty and sensitivity quantification for multiple tracer data at multiple locations and times. Prior information and observation errors could be incorporated into the weighted nonlinear least squares method with a penalty function. Users are able to change selected parameter values and view the results via embedded graphics, resulting in a flexible tool applicable to modeling transport processes and to teaching students about parameter estimation. The code was verified by comparing to a number of benchmarks with CXTFIT 2.0. It was applied to improve parameter estimation for four typical tracer experiment data sets in the literature using multi-model evaluation and comparison. Additional examples were included to illustrate the flexibilities and advantages of CXTFIT/Excel. The VBA macros were designed for general purpose and could be used for any parameter estimation/model calibration when the forward solution is implemented in Excel. A step-by-step tutorial, example Excel files and the code are provided as supplemental material. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Tang, Guoping AU - Mayes, Melanie A AU - Parker, Jack C AU - Jardine, Philip M AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS-6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 1200 EP - 1209 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 36 IS - 9 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Equilibrium/nonequilibrium convection dispersion equation KW - Weighted nonlinear least squares KW - Penalty function KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - Response surface KW - Prediction KW - Convection KW - Mathematical models KW - Flexibility KW - Least Squares Method KW - Statistical analysis KW - Least squares method KW - Errors KW - Model Studies KW - Sensitivity Analysis KW - Evaluation KW - Tracers KW - Education KW - Calibrations KW - Transport processes KW - Dispersion KW - Q2 09283:Soil mechanics KW - SW 7060:Research facilities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/787191741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=CXTFIT%2FExcel-A+modular+adaptable+code+for+parameter+estimation%2C+sensitivity+analysis+and+uncertainty+analysis+for+laboratory+or+field+tracer+experiments&rft.au=Tang%2C+Guoping%3BMayes%2C+Melanie+A%3BParker%2C+Jack+C%3BJardine%2C+Philip+M&rft.aulast=Tang&rft.aufirst=Guoping&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2010.01.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Tracers; Education; Mathematical models; Statistical analysis; Least squares method; Transport processes; Dispersion; Evaluation; Prediction; Sensitivity Analysis; Calibrations; Flexibility; Least Squares Method; Errors; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2010.01.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial Community Changes in Response to Ethanol or Methanol Amendments for U(VI) Reduction AN - 755132662; 13628090 AB - Microbial community responses to ethanol, methanol, and methanol plus humics amendments in relationship to U(VI) bioreduction were studied in laboratory microcosm experiments using sediments and ground water from a uranium-contaminated site in Oak Ridge, TN. The type of carbon source added, the duration of incubation, and the sampling site influenced the bacterial community structure upon incubation. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene clone libraries indicated that (i) bacterial communities found in ethanol- and methanol-amended samples with U(VI) reduction were similar due to the presence of Deltaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria (members of the families Burkholderiaceae, Comamonadaceae, Oxalobacteraceae, and Rhodocyclaceae); (ii) methanol-amended samples without U(VI) reduction exhibited the lowest diversity and the bacterial community contained 69.2 to 92.8% of the family Methylophilaceae; and (iii) the addition of humics resulted in an increase of phylogenetic diversity of Betaproteobacteria (Rodoferax, Polaromonas, Janthinobacterium, Methylophilales, and unclassified) and Firmicutes (Desulfosporosinus and Clostridium). JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A AU - Brandt, Craig C AU - Madden, Andrew S AU - Drake, Meghan M AU - Kostka, Joel E AU - Akob, Denise M AU - Kuesel, Kirsten AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, palumboav@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 5728 EP - 5735 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA VL - 76 IS - 17 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Carbon sources KW - Clostridium KW - Methanol KW - A 01390:Forestry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755132662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Microbial+Community+Changes+in+Response+to+Ethanol+or+Methanol+Amendments+for+U%28VI%29+Reduction&rft.au=Vishnivetskaya%2C+Tatiana+A%3BBrandt%2C+Craig+C%3BMadden%2C+Andrew+S%3BDrake%2C+Meghan+M%3BKostka%2C+Joel+E%3BAkob%2C+Denise+M%3BKuesel%2C+Kirsten%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V&rft.aulast=Vishnivetskaya&rft.aufirst=Tatiana&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=5728&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.00308-10 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methanol; Clostridium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00308-10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal expansion behavior of Ce (sub 2) Zr (sub 2) O (sub 7) up to 898 K in conjunction with structural analyses by neutron diffraction AN - 1502298187; 2014-011912 AB - The thermal expansion of cubic pyrochlore Ce (sub 2) Zr (sub 2) O (sub 7) has been measured from room temperature to 898 K on polycrystalline material in conjunction with structural analyses using neutron diffraction. This compound has a thermal expansion coefficient in line with the other comparable lanthanoide pyrochlore oxides. The coefficient can be expressed as alpha (T) = 8.418 X 10 (super -6) + 0.9861 X 10 (super -9) X T. The structural refinements performed for each measured temperature showed a comparable linear evolution of the Ce-O/Zr-O distances (within 0.57%). Copyright 2010 Springer-Verlag JF - Physics and Chemistry of Minerals AU - Raison, Philippe E AU - Pavel, Claudiu C AU - Jardin, Regis AU - Suard, Emmanuelle AU - Haire, Richard G AU - Popa, Karin Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 555 EP - 559 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin - New York VL - 37 IS - 8 SN - 0342-1791, 0342-1791 KW - metals KW - thermal properties KW - neutron diffraction data KW - oxides KW - zirconium KW - rare earths KW - synthetic materials KW - thermal expansion KW - cerium KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1502298187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.atitle=Thermal+expansion+behavior+of+Ce+%28sub+2%29+Zr+%28sub+2%29+O+%28sub+7%29+up+to+898+K+in+conjunction+with+structural+analyses+by+neutron+diffraction&rft.au=Raison%2C+Philippe+E%3BPavel%2C+Claudiu+C%3BJardin%2C+Regis%3BSuard%2C+Emmanuelle%3BHaire%2C+Richard+G%3BPopa%2C+Karin&rft.aulast=Raison&rft.aufirst=Philippe&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=555&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=03421791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00269-010-0356-5 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100449/?p=e597e977f1914094b3810f7e67f0a453&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-27 N1 - CODEN - PCMIDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cerium; metals; neutron diffraction data; oxides; rare earths; synthetic materials; thermal expansion; thermal properties; zirconium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-010-0356-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Moist multi-scale models for the hurricane embryo AN - 754888794; 13454561 AB - Determining the finite-amplitude preconditioned states in the hurricane embryo, which lead to tropical cyclogenesis, is a central issue in contemporary meteorology. In the embryo there is competition between different preconditioning mechanisms involving hydrodynamics and moist thermodynamics, which can lead to cyclogenesis. Here systematic asymptotic methods from applied mathematics are utilized to develop new simplified moist multi-scale models starting from the moist anelastic equations. Three interesting multi-scale models emerge in the analysis. The balanced mesoscale vortex (BMV) dynamics and the microscale balanced hot tower (BHT) dynamics involve simplified balanced equations without gravity waves for vertical vorticity amplification due to moist heat sources and incorporate nonlinear advective fluxes across scales. The BMV model is the central one for tropical cyclogenesis in the embryo. The moist mesoscale wave (MMW) dynamics involves simplified equations for mesoscale moisture fluctuations, as well as linear hydrostatic waves driven by heat sources from moisture and eddy flux divergences. A simplified cloud physics model for deep convection is introduced here and used to study moist axisymmetric plumes in the BHT model. A simple application in periodic geometry involving the effects of mesoscale vertical shear and moist microscale hot towers on vortex amplification is developed here to illustrate features of the coupled multi-scale models. These results illustrate the use of these models in isolating key mechanisms in the embryo in a simplified content. JF - Journal of Fluid Mechanics AU - Majda, Andrew J AU - Xing, Yulong AU - Mohammadian, Majid AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, majda@cims.nyu.edu Y1 - 2010/08/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 25 SP - 478 EP - 501 PB - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU UK VL - 657 SN - 0022-1120, 0022-1120 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Gravity Waves KW - Convection KW - Moisture KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Cloud Physics KW - Convection development KW - Vortexes KW - Cloud physics KW - Eddy flux KW - Heat sources KW - Fluid mechanics KW - Cyclogenesis KW - Waves KW - Mesoscale vortexes KW - Meteorology KW - Plumes KW - Heat flux KW - Mathematical models KW - Embryonic development KW - Tropical cyclogenesis KW - Applied mathematics KW - Model Studies KW - Vertical vorticity KW - Hurricanes KW - Heat KW - Vertical shear KW - Gravity waves KW - Mesoscale waves KW - Hydrostatics KW - Mesoscale models KW - Fluctuations KW - M2 551.515.2:Cyclones Hurricanes Typhoons (551.515.2) KW - Q2 09267:Gravity and geodesy KW - SW 6050:Rock mechanics and geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754888794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fluid+Mechanics&rft.atitle=Moist+multi-scale+models+for+the+hurricane+embryo&rft.au=Majda%2C+Andrew+J%3BXing%2C+Yulong%3BMohammadian%2C+Majid&rft.aulast=Majda&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2010-08-25&rft.volume=657&rft.issue=&rft.spage=478&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fluid+Mechanics&rft.issn=00221120&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS0022112010001515 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Hurricanes; Mathematical models; Cyclogenesis; Vertical shear; Gravity waves; Embryonic development; Hydrostatics; Cloud physics; Heat flux; Hydrodynamics; Convection development; Tropical cyclogenesis; Vortexes; Applied mathematics; Heat sources; Eddy flux; Vertical vorticity; Fluid mechanics; Mesoscale waves; Meteorology; Mesoscale vortexes; Mesoscale models; Gravity Waves; Moisture; Heat; Cloud Physics; Waves; Plumes; Fluctuations; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112010001515 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Physiological Systems Model for Iodine for Use in Radiation Protection AN - 876224734; 14136271 AB - This paper summarizes the biokinetic database for iodine in the human body and proposes a biokinetic model for systemic iodine for use in dose assessments for internally deposited radioiodine. The model consolidates and extends existing physiological systems models describing three subsystems of the iodine cycle in the body: circulating inorganic iodide, thyroidal iodine (trapping and organic binding of iodide and synthesis, storage and secretion of thyroid hormones), and extrathyroidal organic iodine. Thyroidal uptake of inorganic iodide is described as a function of stable iodine intake (Y, mu gday-1) and thyroidal secretion of hormonal iodine (S, mu gday-1). Baseline parameter values are developed for reference adults with typical iodine intake. Compared with the current systemic biokinetic model of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) for occupational intake of radioiodine, the proposed model predicts higher absorbed doses to the thyroid per unit uptake to blood for very short-lived iodine isotopes, similar absorbed doses to thyroid for iodine isotopes with half-life of at least a few hours, and substantially higher estimates of absorbed dose to stomach wall, salivary gland and kidneys for most iodine isotopes. Absorbed dose estimates for intravenous administration of radioiodine-labeled thyroid hormones based on the proposed model differ substantially in some cases from current ICRP values. JF - Radiation Research AU - Leggett, R W Y1 - 2010/08/12/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 12 SP - 496 EP - 516 PB - Radiation Research Society VL - 174 IS - 4 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Blood KW - Iodine KW - X:24390 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876224734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Research&rft.atitle=A+Physiological+Systems+Model+for+Iodine+for+Use+in+Radiation+Protection&rft.au=Leggett%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Leggett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2010-08-12&rft.volume=174&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=496&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/10.1667%2FRR2243.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Iodine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/RR2243.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermophysical and mechanical properties of near-stoichiometric fiber CVI SiC/SiC composites after neutron irradiation at elevated temperatures AN - 918039209; 13401810 AB - Thermophysical and mechanical properties of high purity chemically vapor-deposited (CVD) SiC and chemically vapor-infiltrated SiC matrix, pyrocarbon/SiC multilayered interphase composites with Hi-Nicalon[TM] Type-S and Tyranno[TM]-SA3 SiC fibers were evaluated following neutron irradiation. Specimens including statistically significant population of tensile bars were irradiated up to 5.3 displacement-per-atom at [not, vert, similar]220 to [not, vert, similar]1080 C in the Advanced Test Reactor at Idaho National Laboratory and High Flux Isotope Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Thermal diffusivity/conductivity of all materials decreased during irradiation. The reciprocal thermal diffusivity linearly increased with temperature from ambient to the irradiation temperature. The magnitude of defect thermal resistance was distinctively different among materials and its ranking was Hi-Nicalon[TM] Type-S > Tyranno[TM]-SA3 > CVD SiC regardless of irradiation condition. Dynamic Young's modulus decrease for the irradiated CVD SiC exhibited explicit correlation with swelling. No significant effects of neutron irradiation on tensile properties of the composites were revealed, except for an anomaly case for the Hi-Nicalon[TM] Type-S composite irradiated in a specific condition. According to the single filament tensile evaluation, fibers of both types retained the original strength during irradiation at intermediate temperatures but significantly deteriorated during bare fiber irradiation at [not, vert, similar]910 C. However, fiber strength deterioration was not observed when irradiated in composite form. Irradiation effects on the fiber-matrix interface properties were discussed based on results from the composite and single filament tensile tests, the hysteresis analysis, and the fracture surface examination. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Katoh, Yutai AU - Snead, Lance L AU - Nozawa, Takashi AU - Kondo, Sosuke AU - Busby, Jeremy T AD - Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6138, United States, katohy@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 48 EP - 61 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 403 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Fibers KW - USA, Idaho KW - Isotopes KW - composite materials KW - Nuclear reactors KW - hysteresis KW - thermal diffusivity KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - ENA 13:Population Planning & Control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918039209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Thermophysical+and+mechanical+properties+of+near-stoichiometric+fiber+CVI+SiC%2FSiC+composites+after+neutron+irradiation+at+elevated+temperatures&rft.au=Katoh%2C+Yutai%3BSnead%2C+Lance+L%3BNozawa%2C+Takashi%3BKondo%2C+Sosuke%3BBusby%2C+Jeremy+T&rft.aulast=Katoh&rft.aufirst=Yutai&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=403&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.06.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fibers; Isotopes; hysteresis; Nuclear reactors; composite materials; thermal diffusivity; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Temperature; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge; USA, Idaho DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.06.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Processing effects on microstructure in Er and ErD sub(2) thin-films AN - 918037943; 13401803 AB - Erbium metal thin-films have been deposited on molybdenum-on-silicon substrates and then converted to erbium dideuteride (ErD sub(2)). Here, we study the effects of deposition temperature ([asymptotic to]300 or 723 K) and deposition rate (1 or 20 nm/s) upon the initial Er metal microstructure and subsequent ErD sub(2) microstructure. We find that low deposition temperature and low deposition rate lead to small Er metal grain sizes, and high deposition temperature and deposition rate led to larger Er metal grain sizes, consistent with published models of metal thin-film growth. ErD sub(2) grain sizes are strongly influenced by the prior-metal grain size, with small metal grains leading to large ErD sub(2) grains. A novel sample preparation technique for electron backscatter diffraction of air-sensitive ErD sub(2) was developed, and allowed the quantitative measurement of ErD sub(2) grain size and crystallographic texture. Finer-grained ErD sub(2) showed a strong (1 1 1) fiber texture, whereas larger grained ErD sub(2) had only weak texture. We hypothesize that this inverse correlation may arise from improved hydrogen diffusion kinetics in the more defective fine-grained metal structure or due to improved nucleation in the textured large-grain Er. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Parish, Chad M AU - Snow, Clark S AU - Kammler, Daniel R AU - Brewer, Luke N AD - Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA, parishcm@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 191 EP - 197 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 403 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Particle size KW - Metals KW - Fibers KW - Kinetics KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Diffusion KW - Hydrogen KW - Erbium KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918037943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Processing+effects+on+microstructure+in+Er+and+ErD+sub%282%29+thin-films&rft.au=Parish%2C+Chad+M%3BSnow%2C+Clark+S%3BKammler%2C+Daniel+R%3BBrewer%2C+Luke+N&rft.aulast=Parish&rft.aufirst=Chad&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=403&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2010.06.026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Fibers; Metals; Kinetics; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Diffusion; Hydrogen; Erbium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.06.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accuracy Analysis of a Spectral Element Atmospheric Model Using a Fully Implicit Solution Framework AN - 869587742; 14809976 AB - A fully implicit (FI) time integration method has been implemented into a spectral finite-element shallow-water equation model on a sphere, and it is compared to existing fully explicit leapfrog and semi-implicit methods for a suite of test cases. This experiment is designed to determine the time step sizes that minimize simulation time while maintaining sufficient accuracy for these problems. For test cases without an analytical solution from which to compare, it is demonstrated that time step sizes 30-60 times larger than the gravity wave stability limits and 6-20 times larger than the advective-scale stability limits are possible using the FI method without a loss in accuracy, depending on the problem being solved. For a steady-state test case, the FI method produces error within machine accuracy limits as with existing methods, but using an arbitrarily large time step size. JF - Monthly Weather Review AU - Evans, Katherine J AU - Taylor, Mark A AU - Drake, John B AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd., P.O. Box 2008, MS 6016, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA, evanskj@ornl.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - August 2010 SP - 3333 EP - 3341 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 138 IS - 8 SN - 0027-0644, 0027-0644 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Spectral models KW - Gravity Waves KW - Model Testing KW - Atmospheric models KW - Finite-element methods KW - Spheres KW - Modelling KW - Testing Procedures KW - Weather KW - Mathematical models KW - Spectral analysis KW - Shallow water equations KW - Errors KW - Model Studies KW - Numerical simulations KW - Shallow water KW - Reviews KW - Gravity waves KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - M2 551.511:Mechanics and Thermodynamics of the Atmosphere (551.511) KW - SW 0540:Properties of water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869587742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Monthly+Weather+Review&rft.atitle=Accuracy+Analysis+of+a+Spectral+Element+Atmospheric+Model+Using+a+Fully+Implicit+Solution+Framework&rft.au=Evans%2C+Katherine+J%3BTaylor%2C+Mark+A%3BDrake%2C+John+B&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Monthly+Weather+Review&rft.issn=00270644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010MWR3288.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Shallow water; Spheres; Gravity waves; Modelling; Finite-element methods; Numerical simulations; Spectral analysis; Shallow water equations; Atmospheric models; Gravity Waves; Testing Procedures; Weather; Reviews; Model Testing; Errors; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010MWR3288.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Analysis of Field-Aged Diesel Particulate Filter Performance: Particle Emissions before, during, and after Regeneration AN - 817609982; 13982595 AB - A field-aged, passive diesel particulate filter (DPF) used in a school bus retrofit program was evaluated for emissions of particle mass and number concentration before, during, and after regeneration. For the particle mass measurements, filter samples were collected for gravimetric analysis with a partial flow sampling system, which sampled proportionally to the exhaust flow. A condensation particle counter and scanning mobility particle sizer measured total number concentration and number-size distributions, respectively. The results of the evaluation show that the number concentration emissions decreased as the DPF became loaded with soot. However, after soot removal by regeneration, the number concentration emissions were approximately 20 times greater, which suggests the importance of the soot layer in helping to trap particles. Contrary to the number concentration results, particle mass emissions decreased from 6 1 mg/hp-hr before regeneration to 3 2 mg/hp-hr after regeneration. This indicates that nanoparticles with diameters less than 50 nm may have been emitted after regeneration because these particies contribute little to the total mass Overall, average particle emission reductions of 95% by mass and 10,000-fold by number concentration after 4 yr of use provided evidence of the durability of a field-aged DPF. In contrast to previous reports for new DPFs in which elevated number concentrations occurred during the first 200 sec of a transient cycle, the number concentration emissions were elevated during the second half of the heavy-duty Federal Test Procedure (FTP) when high speed was sustained. This information is relevant for the analysis of mechanisms by which particles are emitted from field-aged DPFs. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Barone, T L AU - Storey, JME AU - Domingo, N AD - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Fuels, Engines and Emissions Research Center Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 PB - Air & Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, 3rd Fl Pittsburgh PA 15222-1435 USA VL - 60 IS - 8 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Durability KW - Waste Management KW - Mobility KW - Particulates KW - Evaluation KW - Emissions KW - Emission measurements KW - Sampling KW - Testing Procedures KW - Pollutant removal KW - regeneration KW - Emission control KW - Exhausts KW - Filters KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Soot KW - Scanning KW - Regeneration KW - Diesel KW - Condensation KW - nanoparticles KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/817609982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=An+Analysis+of+Field-Aged+Diesel+Particulate+Filter+Performance%3A+Particle+Emissions+before%2C+during%2C+and+after+Regeneration&rft.au=Barone%2C+T+L%3BStorey%2C+JME%3BDomingo%2C+N&rft.aulast=Barone&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Filters; Mobility; Scanning; Condensation; Diesel; Sampling; nanoparticles; Exhausts; Pollutant removal; Soot; regeneration; Emission measurements; Emissions; Emission control; Particulates; Testing Procedures; Evaluation; Durability; Performance Evaluation; Waste Management; Regeneration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental controls on water use efficiency during severe drought in an Ozark Forest in Missouri, USA AN - 746310880; 13191073 AB - AbstractTo accurately predict ecosystem responses induced by climate warming at local-to-global scales, models are in need of more precise knowledge of response during periods of environmental stress such as drought. In this paper, we studied environmental control of canopy-level water use efficiency (WUE) during drought at an eddy flux site in an oak-hickory forest in central Missouri, USA. Two consecutive severe droughts in the summers of 2006 and 2007 afforded coverage of a broad range of environmental conditions. We stratified data to obtain subranges that minimized cross-correlations among putative WUE-controlling factors. Our results showed that WUE was subject to control by atmospheric saturation deficit (ASD), soil water potential (SWP) and the ratio of diffuse to total photosynthetically active radiation (If-It). Generally, WUE was found to scale with 1-(ASD)0.5, consistent with predictions from stomatal optimization theory. In contrast, SWP and If-It were related to WUE in a linear fashion. ASD was better correlated with WUE than either of the other two factors. It was also observed that the relationship between WUE and any single controlling factor was subject to influence of the other two. One such example was an opposite response of WUE to SWP between low and high ASD values, suggesting a breakdown of stomatal optimality under severe environmental stresses and a shift from optimal stomatal regulation to nonstomatal regulation at leaf scale. We have demonstrated that different data handling (stratified vs. nonstratified) or selection (hourly vs. daily) could lead to different conclusions on the relationship between WUE and its controls. For this reason, we recommend modelers to be cautious when applying WUE-response formulas at environmental conditions or at time scales different from those at which they are derived. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Yang, Bai AU - Pallardy, Stephen G AU - Meyers, Tilden P AU - Gu, Lian-Hong AU - Hanson, Paul J AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Heuer, Mark AU - Hosman, Kevin P AU - Riggs, Jeffery S AU - Sluss, Daniel W AD - *Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Building 1509, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, USA Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 2252 EP - 2271 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 16 IS - 8 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Climate models KW - USA, Missouri KW - Drought KW - Droughts KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - M2 556.14:Infiltration/Soil Moisture (556.14) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746310880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Environmental+controls+on+water+use+efficiency+during+severe+drought+in+an+Ozark+Forest+in+Missouri%2C+USA&rft.au=Yang%2C+Bai%3BPallardy%2C+Stephen+G%3BMeyers%2C+Tilden+P%3BGu%2C+Lian-Hong%3BHanson%2C+Paul+J%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BHeuer%2C+Mark%3BHosman%2C+Kevin+P%3BRiggs%2C+Jeffery+S%3BSluss%2C+Daniel+W&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Bai&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2252&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2486.2009.02138.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Droughts; Drought; USA, Missouri DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02138.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal plasticity of photosynthesis: the role of acclimation in forest responses to a warming climate AN - 746310021; 13191082 AB - The increasing air temperatures central to climate change predictions have the potential to alter forest ecosystem function and structure by exceeding temperatures optimal for carbon gain. Such changes are projected to threaten survival of sensitive species, leading to local extinctions, range migrations, and altered forest composition. This study investigated photosynthetic sensitivity to temperature and the potential for acclimation in relation to the climatic provenance of five species of deciduous trees, Liquidambar styraciflua, Quercus rubra, Quercus falcata, Betula alleghaniensis, and Populus grandidentata. Open-top chambers supplied three levels of warming (+0, +2, and +4 C above ambient) over 3 years, tracking natural temperature variability. Optimal temperature for CO2 assimilation was strongly correlated with daytime temperature in all treatments, but assimilation rates at those optima were comparable. Adjustment of thermal optima was confirmed in all species, whether temperatures varied with season or treatment, and regardless of climate in the species' range or provenance of the plant material. Temperature optima from 17 to 34 were observed. Across species, acclimation potentials varied from 0.55 C to 1.07 C per degree change in daytime temperature. Responses to the temperature manipulation were not different from the seasonal acclimation observed in mature indigenous trees, suggesting that photosynthetic responses should not be modeled using static temperature functions, but should incorporate an adjustment to account for acclimation. The high degree of homeostasis observed indicates that direct impacts of climatic warming on forest productivity, species survival, and range limits may be less than predicted by existing models. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Gunderson, Carla A AU - O'Hara, Keiran H AU - Campion, Christina M AU - Walker, Ashley V AU - Edwards, Nelson T AD - *Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6422, USA Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - August 2010 SP - 2272 EP - 2286 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 16 IS - 8 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - climate change KW - CO2 assimilation KW - deciduous forests KW - global warming KW - optimal temperature KW - photosynthesis KW - range shifts KW - temperature acclimation KW - air temperature KW - Photosynthesis KW - Trees KW - Quercus falcata KW - Climate change KW - Forests KW - Survival KW - Data assimilation KW - Migration KW - Air temperature KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Daytime KW - forest productivity KW - extinction KW - Seasonal variability KW - Seasonal variations KW - Temperature effects KW - Sensitivity KW - deciduous trees KW - migration KW - Forest ecosystems KW - Extinction KW - Temperature KW - Forest productivity KW - Acclimation KW - Quercus rubra KW - Global warming KW - Liquidambar styraciflua KW - Temperature variability KW - Betula alleghaniensis KW - survival KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Forest composition KW - Populus grandidentata KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746310021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Thermal+plasticity+of+photosynthesis%3A+the+role+of+acclimation+in+forest+responses+to+a+warming+climate&rft.au=Gunderson%2C+Carla+A%3BO%27Hara%2C+Keiran+H%3BCampion%2C+Christina+M%3BWalker%2C+Ashley+V%3BEdwards%2C+Nelson+T&rft.aulast=Gunderson&rft.aufirst=Carla&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2272&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2486.2009.02090.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 82 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Acclimation; Daytime; Trees; Survival; Forests; Carbon dioxide; Migration; Air temperature; Forest ecosystems; Extinction; Photosynthesis; Climate change; Forest productivity; Global warming; Seasonal variability; Temperature variability; Forest composition; Data assimilation; migration; deciduous trees; Sensitivity; air temperature; Temperature; Sulfur dioxide; forest productivity; extinction; survival; Seasonal variations; Quercus rubra; Quercus falcata; Liquidambar styraciflua; Betula alleghaniensis; Populus grandidentata DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02090.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution of organic carbon in physical fractions of soils as affected by agricultural management AN - 745644778; 13209442 AB - Soil organic carbon (SOC) is distributed heterogeneously among different-sized primary particles and aggregates. Further, the SOC associated with different physical fractions respond differently to managements. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objective to quantify the SOC associated with all the three structural levels of SOC (particulate organic matter, soil separates and aggregate-size fractions) as influenced by long-term change in management. The study also aims at reevaluating the concept that the SOC sink capacity of individual size-fractions is limited. Long-term tillage and crop rotation effects on distribution of SOC among fractions were compared with soil from adjacent undisturbed area under native vegetation for the mixed, mesic, Typic Fragiudalf of Wooster, OH. Forty five years of no-till (NT) management resulted in more SOC accumulation in soil surface (0-7.5cm) than in chisel tillage and plow tillage (PT) treatments.