TY - JOUR T1 - Mass Spectrometric Characterization of an Acid-Labile Adduct Formed with 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine and Albumin in Humans. AN - 1851287833; 27984695 AB - 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) is a carcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amine formed during the high-temperature cooking of meats. The cytochrome P450-mediated N-hydroxylation of the exocyclic amine group of PhIP produces 2-hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, an electrophilic metabolite that forms adducts with DNA and proteins. Previous studies conducted by our laboratory showed that the reaction of N-oxidized PhIP metabolites with human albumin in vitro primarily occurs at the Cys34 residue, to produce an acid-labile linked sulfinamide adduct. On the basis of these findings, we developed a sensitive ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method to measure acid-labile albumin-PhIP adducts in human volunteers administered a dietary-relevant dose of 14C-labeled PhIP [Dingley, K. H., et al. (1999) Cancer Epidemiol., Biomarkers Prev. 8, 507-512]. Mild acid treatment of albumin (0.1 N HCl, 37 °C for 1 h) or proteolytic digestion with Pronase [50 mM ammonium bicarbonate buffer (pH 8.5) at 37 °C for 18 h] released similar amounts of covalently bound PhIP, which was characterized by multistage scanning and quantified by Orbitrap mass spectrometry. The amount of [14C]PhIP recovered by acid treatment of albumin 24 h following dosing accounted for 7.2-21.3% of the [14C]PhIP bound to albumin based on accelerator mass spectrometry measurements. 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-(5-hydroxy)phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, a hydrolysis product of the Cys34 S-N linked sulfenamide adduct of PhIP, was not detected in either acid-treated or protease-treated samples. These findings suggest that a portion of the PhIP bound to albumin in vivo probably occurs as an acid-labile sulfinamide adduct formed at the Cys34 residue. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Wang, Yi AU - Villalta, Peter W AU - Peng, Lijuan AU - Dingley, Karen AU - Malfatti, Michael A AU - Turteltaub, K W AU - Turesky, Robert J AD - School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University , ChangQing Garden, Hankou, Wuhan 430023, P. R. China. ; Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore, California 94550, United States. Y1 - 2017/02/20/ PY - 2017 DA - 2017 Feb 20 SP - 705 EP - 714 VL - 30 IS - 2 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1851287833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Mass+Spectrometric+Characterization+of+an+Acid-Labile+Adduct+Formed+with+2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo%5B4%2C5-b%5Dpyridine+and+Albumin+in+Humans.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Yi%3BVillalta%2C+Peter+W%3BPeng%2C+Lijuan%3BDingley%2C+Karen%3BMalfatti%2C+Michael+A%3BTurteltaub%2C+K+W%3BTuresky%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Yi&rft.date=2017-02-20&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=705&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=1520-5010&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.chemrestox.6b00426 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-12-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-22 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00426 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sub-ice-shelf sediments record history of twentieth-century retreat of Pine Island Glacier AN - 1863566553; 2017-008903 JF - Nature (London) AU - Smith, J A AU - Andersen, T J AU - Shortt, M AU - Gaffney, A M AU - Stanton, T P AU - Bindschadler, R AU - Dutrieux, P AU - Jenkins, A AU - Hillenbrand, C D AU - Ehrmann, W AU - Corr, Hugh F J AU - Farley, N AU - Crowhurst, S AU - Vaughan, D G Y1 - 2017/01/05/ PY - 2017 DA - 2017 Jan 05 SP - 77 EP - 80 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 541 IS - 7635 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - subglacial environment KW - Quaternary KW - glaciers KW - global change KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Antarctic ice sheet KW - sea-level changes KW - transgression KW - Antarctica KW - mass balance KW - West Antarctic ice sheet KW - sediments KW - thickness KW - reconstruction KW - Amundsen Sea KW - upper Holocene KW - Pine Island Glacier KW - global warming KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1863566553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Sub-ice-shelf+sediments+record+history+of+twentieth-century+retreat+of+Pine+Island+Glacier&rft.au=Smith%2C+J+A%3BAndersen%2C+T+J%3BShortt%2C+M%3BGaffney%2C+A+M%3BStanton%2C+T+P%3BBindschadler%2C+R%3BDutrieux%2C+P%3BJenkins%2C+A%3BHillenbrand%2C+C+D%3BEhrmann%2C+W%3BCorr%2C+Hugh+F+J%3BFarley%2C+N%3BCrowhurst%2C+S%3BVaughan%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2017-01-05&rft.volume=541&rft.issue=7635&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature20136 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-02 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amundsen Sea; Antarctic ice sheet; Antarctica; Cenozoic; cores; glaciers; global change; global warming; Holocene; mass balance; Pine Island Glacier; Quaternary; reconstruction; sea-level changes; sediments; subglacial environment; thickness; transgression; upper Holocene; West Antarctic ice sheet DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature20136 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of a U/Zn/Cu responsive global regulatory two-component system in Caulobacter crescentus. AN - 1854614284; 28035693 AB - Despite the well-known toxicity of uranium (U) to bacteria, little is known about how cells sense and respond to U. The recent finding of a U-specific stress response in Caulobacter crescentus has provided a foundation for studying the mechanisms of U- perception in bacteria. To gain insight into this process, we used a forward genetic screen to identify the regulatory components governing expression of the urcA promoter (PurcA ) that is strongly induced by U. This approach unearthed a previously uncharacterized two-component system, named UzcRS, which is responsible for U-dependent activation of PurcA . UzcRS is also highly responsive to zinc and copper, revealing a broader specificity than previously thought. Using ChIP-seq, we found that UzcR binds extensively throughout the genome in a metal-dependent manner and recognizes a noncanonical DNA-binding site. Coupling the genome-wide occupancy data with RNA-seq analysis revealed that UzcR is a global regulator of transcription, predominately activating genes encoding proteins that are localized to the cell envelope; these include metallopeptidases, multidrug-resistant efflux (MDR) pumps, TonB-dependent receptors and many proteins of unknown function. Collectively, our data suggest that UzcRS couples the perception of U, Zn and Cu with a novel extracytoplasmic stress response. JF - Molecular microbiology AU - Park, Dan M AU - Overton, K Wesley AU - Liou, Megan J AU - Jiao, Yongqin AD - Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA. Y1 - 2016/12/30/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 30 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1854614284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+microbiology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+a+U%2FZn%2FCu+responsive+global+regulatory+two-component+system+in+Caulobacter+crescentus.&rft.au=Park%2C+Dan+M%3BOverton%2C+K+Wesley%3BLiou%2C+Megan+J%3BJiao%2C+Yongqin&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft.date=2016-12-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+microbiology&rft.issn=1365-2958&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fmmi.13615 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-12-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mmi.13615 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Real-Time Imaging of Self-Organization and Mechanical Competition in Carbon Nanotube Forest Growth. AN - 1852673808; 27959511 AB - The properties of carbon nanotube (CNT) networks and analogous materials comprising filamentary nanostructures are governed by the intrinsic filament properties and their hierarchical organization and interconnection. As a result, direct knowledge of the collective dynamics of CNT synthesis and self-organization is essential to engineering improved CNT materials for applications such as membranes and thermal interfaces. Here, we use real-time environmental transmission electron microscopy (E-TEM) to observe nucleation and self-organization of CNTs into vertically aligned forests. Upon introduction of the carbon source, we observe a large scatter in the onset of nucleation of individual CNTs and the ensuing growth rates. Experiments performed at different temperatures and catalyst particle densities show the critical role of CNT density on the dynamics of self-organization; low-density CNT nucleation results in the CNTs becoming pinned to the substrate and forming random networks, whereas higher density CNT nucleation results in self-organization of the CNTs into bundles that are oriented perpendicular to the substrate. We also find that mechanical coupling between growing CNTs alters their growth trajectory and shape, causing significant deformations, buckling, and defects in the CNT walls. Therefore, it appears that CNT-CNT coupling not only is critical for self-organization but also directly influences CNT quality and likely the resulting properties of the forest. Our findings show that control of the time-distributed kinetics of CNT nucleation and bundle formation are critical to manufacturing well-organized CNT assemblies and that E-TEM can be a powerful tool to investigate the mesoscale dynamics of CNT networks. JF - ACS nano AU - Balakrishnan, Viswanath AU - Bedewy, Mostafa AU - Meshot, Eric R AU - Pattinson, Sebastian W AU - Polsen, Erik S AU - Laye, Fabrice AU - Zakharov, Dmitri N AU - Stach, Eric A AU - Hart, A John AD - Department of Mechanical Engineering and Laboratory for Manufacturing and Productivity, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States. ; Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore, California 94550, United States. ; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan , 2350 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States. ; Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton, New York 11973, United States. Y1 - 2016/12/27/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 27 SP - 11496 EP - 11504 VL - 10 IS - 12 KW - carbon nanotubes KW - self-organization KW - chemical vapor deposition KW - forces KW - electron microscopy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1852673808?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=Real-Time+Imaging+of+Self-Organization+and+Mechanical+Competition+in+Carbon+Nanotube+Forest+Growth.&rft.au=Balakrishnan%2C+Viswanath%3BBedewy%2C+Mostafa%3BMeshot%2C+Eric+R%3BPattinson%2C+Sebastian+W%3BPolsen%2C+Erik+S%3BLaye%2C+Fabrice%3BZakharov%2C+Dmitri+N%3BStach%2C+Eric+A%3BHart%2C+A+John&rft.aulast=Balakrishnan&rft.aufirst=Viswanath&rft.date=2016-12-27&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=11496&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facsnano.6b07251 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-12-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b07251 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracing the source of soil organic matter eroded from temperate forest catchments using carbon and nitrogen isotopes AN - 1861095461; 786737-15 AB - Soil erosion continuously redistributes soil and associated soil organic matter (SOM) on the Earth's surface, with important implications for biogeochemical cycling of essential elements and terrestrial carbon sequestration. Despite the importance of soil erosion, surprisingly few studies have evaluated the sources of eroded carbon (C). We used natural abundance levels of the stable and radioactive isotopes of C ( (super 13) C and (super 14) C) and stable isotope of nitrogen ( (super 15) N) to elucidate the origins of SOM eroded from low-order catchments along the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada of California, USA. Our work was conducted in two relatively undisturbed catchments (low elevation = 1800 m, and high elevation = 2300 m) of the Kings River Experimental Watersheds (KREW) in the Sierra National Forest. Sediment captured in basins at the outlet of each gauged watershed were compared to possible source materials, which included: upland surficial organic horizons (i.e., forest floor) and mineral soils (0-0.6 m) from three landform positions (i.e., crest, backslope, and toeslope), stream bank soils (0-0.6 m), and stream-bed materials (0-0.05 m). We found that most of the organic matter (OM) in the captured sediments was composed of O-horizon material that had high C concentrations. Radiocarbon analyses also showed that the captured OM is composed of modern (post-1950) C, with fraction modern values at or above 1.0. Our results suggest that surface (sheet) erosion, as opposed to channeling through established streams and episodic mass wasting events, is likely the largest source of sediment exported out of these minimally disturbed, headwater catchments. The erosional export of sediment with a high concentration of C, especially in the form of relatively undecomposed litter from the O horizon, suggests that a large fraction of the exported C is likely to be decomposed during or after erosion; hence, it is unlikely that soil erosion acts as a significant net sink for atmospheric CO (sub 2) in these low-order, temperate forest catchments. JF - Chemical Geology AU - McCorkle, Emma P AU - Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw AU - Hunsaker, Carolyn T AU - Johnson, Dale W AU - McFarlane, Karis J AU - Fogel, Marilyn L AU - Hart, Stephen C Y1 - 2016/12/16/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 16 SP - 172 EP - 184 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 445 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861095461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Tracing+the+source+of+soil+organic+matter+eroded+from+temperate+forest+catchments+using+carbon+and+nitrogen+isotopes&rft.au=McCorkle%2C+Emma+P%3BBerhe%2C+Asmeret+Asefaw%3BHunsaker%2C+Carolyn+T%3BJohnson%2C+Dale+W%3BMcFarlane%2C+Karis+J%3BFogel%2C+Marilyn+L%3BHart%2C+Stephen+C&rft.aulast=McCorkle&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft.date=2016-12-16&rft.volume=445&rft.issue=&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2016.04.025 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.04.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glacial water mass structure and rapid delta (super 18) O and delta (super 13) C changes during the last glacial termination in the Southwest Pacific AN - 1861077244; 786144-9 AB - Changes in ocean circulation are thought to have contributed to lowering glacial atmospheric CO (sub 2) levels by enhancing deep ocean sequestration of carbon that was returned to the atmosphere during glacial terminations. High-resolution benthic foraminiferal delta (super 13) C and delta (super 18) O records from a depth transect of cores in the Southwest Pacific Ocean presented here provide evidence that both wind- and thermohaline-driven circulation drove CO (sub 2) from the ocean during the last deglaciation. Shallow geochemical stratification in the glacial Southern Ocean was followed by a short pulse of rapid delta (super 13) C enrichment to intermediate water depths during Heinrich Stadial 1, indicative of better-ventilated intermediate waters co-occurring with documented wind-driven upwelling in the Southern Ocean. Intermediate depth delta (super 13) C enrichment paused at the start of the Antarctic Cold Reversal ( approximately 14.7 ka), implying a brief shallow restratification, while deeper layers were progressively flushed of delta (super 13) C-depleted and delta (super 18) O-enriched waters, likely caused by the increasing influence of deep waters sourced from the North Atlantic. The coincidence of atmospheric CO (sub 2) increases with these geochemical shifts in both shallow and deep cores suggests that shifts in both atmospheric and oceanic circulation contributed to the deglacial rise of CO (sub 2) . JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AU - Sikes, Elisabeth L AU - Elmore, Aurora C AU - Allen, Katherine A AU - Cook, Mea S AU - Guilderson, Thomas P Y1 - 2016/12/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 15 SP - 87 EP - 97 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 456 SN - 0012-821X, 0012-821X KW - upwelling KW - Antarctic Cold Reversal KW - benthic taxa KW - oxygen KW - Southwest Pacific KW - isotopes KW - paleo-oceanography KW - Holocene KW - stable isotopes KW - deglaciation KW - cores KW - West Pacific KW - carbon dioxide KW - ventilation KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Foraminifera KW - Cenozoic KW - upper Weichselian KW - Weichselian KW - transport KW - carbon KW - Invertebrata KW - Younger Dryas KW - ocean circulation KW - Protista KW - Quaternary KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - Antarctic Ocean KW - South Pacific KW - O-18/O-16 KW - depth KW - thermohaline circulation KW - stratification KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation KW - Pleistocene KW - wind transport KW - microfossils KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861077244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.atitle=Glacial+water+mass+structure+and+rapid+delta+%28super+18%29+O+and+delta+%28super+13%29+C+changes+during+the+last+glacial+termination+in+the+Southwest+Pacific&rft.au=Sikes%2C+Elisabeth+L%3BElmore%2C+Aurora+C%3BAllen%2C+Katherine+A%3BCook%2C+Mea+S%3BGuilderson%2C+Thomas+P&rft.aulast=Sikes&rft.aufirst=Elisabeth&rft.date=2016-12-15&rft.volume=456&rft.issue=&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.issn=0012821X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2016.09.043 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0012821X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 84 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - EPSLA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctic Cold Reversal; Antarctic Ocean; Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation; benthic taxa; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon dioxide; Cenozoic; cores; deglaciation; depth; Foraminifera; Holocene; Invertebrata; isotope ratios; isotopes; microfossils; O-18/O-16; ocean circulation; oxygen; Pacific Ocean; paleo-oceanography; Pleistocene; Protista; Quaternary; South Pacific; Southwest Pacific; stable isotopes; stratification; thermohaline circulation; transport; upper Pleistocene; upper Weichselian; upwelling; ventilation; Weichselian; West Pacific; wind transport; Younger Dryas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.09.043 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Moment Tensor Analysis of Very Shallow Sources AN - 1850777676; PQ0003933395 AB - An issue for moment tensor (MT) inversion of shallow seismic sources is that some components of the Green's functions have vanishing amplitudes at the free surface, which can result in bias in the MT solution. The effects of the free surface on the stability of the MT method become important as we continue to investigate and improve the capabilities of regional full MT inversion for source-type identification and discrimination. It is important to understand free-surface effects on discriminating shallow explosive sources for nuclear monitoring purposes. It may also be important in natural systems that have very shallow seismicity, such as volcanic and geothermal systems. We examine the effects of the free surface on the MT via synthetic testing and apply the MT-based discrimination method to three quarry blasts from the HUMMING ALBATROSS experiment. These shallow chemical explosions at similar to 10 m depth and recorded up to several kilometers distance represent rather severe source-station geometry in terms of free-surface effects. We show that the method is capable of recovering a predominantly explosive source mechanism, and the combined waveform and first-motion method enables the unique discrimination of these events. Recovering the design yield using seismic moment estimates from MT inversion remains challenging, but we can begin to put error bounds on our moment estimates using the network sensitivity solution technique (Ford et al., 2010).Online Material: Figures showing synthetic tests for a pure explosion and a composite source at local distances and table of moment tensor components. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. Berkeley CA AU - Chiang, Andrea AU - Dreger, Douglas S AU - Ford, Sean R AU - Walter, William R AU - Yoo, Seung-Hoon AD - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, chiang4@llnl.gov Y1 - 2016/12/11/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 11 SP - 2436 EP - 2449 PB - Seismological Society of America VL - 106 IS - 6 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Sensitivity KW - Marine birds KW - Quarrying KW - Volcanoes KW - Inversions KW - Explosions KW - Methodology KW - Green's function KW - Inversion KW - Explosives KW - Q2 09270:Seismology KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1850777676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America.+Berkeley+CA&rft.atitle=Moment+Tensor+Analysis+of+Very+Shallow+Sources&rft.au=Chiang%2C+Andrea%3BDreger%2C+Douglas+S%3BFord%2C+Sean+R%3BWalter%2C+William+R%3BYoo%2C+Seung-Hoon&rft.aulast=Chiang&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=2016-12-11&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2436&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America.+Berkeley+CA&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0120150233 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Green's function; Marine birds; Explosions; Inversions; Methodology; Sensitivity; Quarrying; Inversion; Volcanoes; Explosives; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120150233 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A persistent and dynamic East Greenland ice sheet over the past 7.5 million years AN - 1863567882; 2017-007749 JF - Nature (London) AU - Bierman, Paul R AU - Shakun, Jeremy D AU - Corbett, Lee B AU - Zimmerman, Susan R AU - Rood, Dylan H Y1 - 2016/12/08/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 08 SP - 256 EP - 260 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 540 IS - 7632 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - relative age KW - ODP Site 918 KW - glacial extent KW - isotopes KW - Leg 162 KW - Greenland ice sheet KW - Norwegian Sea KW - GISP2 KW - paleoclimatology KW - deglaciation KW - Cenozoic KW - Greenland KW - Al-26 KW - radioactive isotopes KW - geochronology KW - dynamics KW - aluminum KW - Arctic Ocean KW - ODP Site 987 KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Leg 152 KW - Quaternary KW - Be-10 KW - Arctic region KW - East Greenland ice sheet KW - Miocene KW - Tertiary KW - paleoenvironment KW - Irminger Basin KW - Neogene KW - metals KW - Pliocene KW - reconstruction KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - North Atlantic KW - East Greenland KW - beryllium KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1863567882?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=A+persistent+and+dynamic+East+Greenland+ice+sheet+over+the+past+7.5+million+years&rft.au=Bierman%2C+Paul+R%3BShakun%2C+Jeremy+D%3BCorbett%2C+Lee+B%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan+R%3BRood%2C+Dylan+H&rft.aulast=Bierman&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2016-12-08&rft.volume=540&rft.issue=7632&rft.spage=256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature20147 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-02 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Al-26; alkaline earth metals; aluminum; Arctic Ocean; Arctic region; Atlantic Ocean; Be-10; beryllium; Cenozoic; deglaciation; dynamics; East Greenland; East Greenland ice sheet; geochronology; GISP2; glacial extent; Greenland; Greenland ice sheet; Irminger Basin; isotopes; Leg 152; Leg 162; metals; Miocene; Neogene; North Atlantic; Norwegian Sea; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP Site 918; ODP Site 987; paleoclimatology; paleoenvironment; Pliocene; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; reconstruction; relative age; Tertiary DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature20147 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrate vulnerability projections from Bayesian inference of multiple ground water age tracers AN - 1873351285; 2017-015796 AB - Nitrate is a major source of contamination of groundwater in the United States and around the world. We tested the applicability of multiple groundwater age tracers ( (super 3) H, (super 3) He, (super 4) He, (super 14) C, (super 13) C, and (super 85) Kr) in projecting future trends of nitrate concentration in 9 long-screened, public drinking water wells in Turlock, California, where nitrate concentrations are increasing toward the regulatory limit. Very low (super 85) Kr concentrations and apparent (super 3) H/ (super 3) He ages point to a relatively old modern fraction (40-50 years), diluted with pre-modern groundwater, corroborated by the onset and slope of increasing nitrate concentrations. An inverse Gaussian-Dirac model was chosen to represent the age distribution of the sampled groundwater at each well. Model parameters were estimated using a Bayesian inference, resulting in the posterior probability distribution - including the associated uncertainty - of the parameters and projected nitrate concentrations. Three scenarios were considered, including combined historic nitrate and age tracer data, the sole use of nitrate and the sole use of age tracer data. Each scenario was evaluated based on the ability of the model to reproduce the data and the level of reliability of the nitrate projections. The tracer-only scenario closely reproduced tracer concentrations, but not observed trends in the nitrate concentration. Both cases that included nitrate data resulted in good agreement with historical nitrate trends. Use of combined tracers and nitrate data resulted in a narrower range of projections of future nitrate levels. However, use of combined tracer and nitrate resulted in a larger discrepancy between modeled and measured tracers for some of the tracers. Despite nitrate trend slopes between 0.56 and 1.73 mg/L/year in 7 of the 9 wells, the probability that concentrations will increase to levels above the MCL by 2040 are over 95% for only two of the wells, and below 15% in the other wells, due to a leveling off of reconstructed historical nitrate loadings to groundwater since about 1990. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Alikhani, Jamal AU - Deinhart, Amanda Lee AU - Visser, Ate AU - Bibby, Richard K AU - Purtschert, Roland AU - Moran, Jean E AU - Massoudieh, Arash AU - Esser, Bradley K Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 167 EP - 181 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 543 IS - Part A SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - Bayesian analysis KW - mass spectra KW - tritium KW - Holocene KW - environmental analysis KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - Kr-85 KW - Gaussian-Dirac model KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dates KW - noble gases KW - carbon KW - absolute age KW - helium KW - Turlock California KW - spectra KW - Stanislaus County California KW - water pollution KW - Quaternary KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - krypton KW - models KW - hydrogen KW - residence time KW - mathematical methods KW - C-14 KW - upper Holocene KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873351285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Nitrate+vulnerability+projections+from+Bayesian+inference+of+multiple+ground+water+age+tracers&rft.au=Alikhani%2C+Jamal%3BDeinhart%2C+Amanda+Lee%3BVisser%2C+Ate%3BBibby%2C+Richard+K%3BPurtschert%2C+Roland%3BMoran%2C+Jean+E%3BMassoudieh%2C+Arash%3BEsser%2C+Bradley+K&rft.aulast=Alikhani&rft.aufirst=Jamal&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=543&rft.issue=Part+A&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2016.04.028 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 101 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 10 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Bayesian analysis; C-14; California; carbon; Cenozoic; dates; environmental analysis; Gaussian-Dirac model; helium; Holocene; hydrogen; isotopes; Kr-85; krypton; mass spectra; mathematical methods; models; nitrates; noble gases; pollutants; pollution; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; residence time; spectra; Stanislaus County California; statistical analysis; tritium; Turlock California; United States; upper Holocene; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.04.028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying ground water traveltime near managed recharge operations using (super 35) S as an intrinsic tracer AN - 1873351024; 2017-015794 AB - Identifying groundwater retention times near managed aquifer recharge (MAR) facilities is a high priority for managing water quality, especially for operations that incorporate recycled wastewater. To protect public health, California guidelines for Groundwater Replenishment Reuse Projects require a minimum 2-6 month subsurface retention time for recycled water depending on the level of disinfection, which highlights the importance of quantifying groundwater travel times on short time scales. This study developed and evaluated a new intrinsic tracer method using the naturally occurring radioisotope sulfur-35 ( (super 35) S). The 87.5 day half-life of (super 35) S is ideal for investigating groundwater travel times on the <1 year timescale of interest to MAR managers. Natural concentrations of (super 35) S found in water as dissolved sulfate ( (super 35) SO (sub 4) ) were measured in source waters and groundwater at the Rio Hondo Spreading Grounds in Los Angeles County, CA, and Orange County Groundwater Recharge Facilities in Orange County, CA. (super 35) SO (sub 4) travel times are comparable to travel times determined by well-established deliberate tracer studies. The study also revealed that (super 35) SO (sub 4) in MAR source water can vary seasonally and therefore careful characterization of (super 35) SO (sub 4) is needed to accurately quantify groundwater travel time. More data is needed to fully assess whether or not this tracer could become a valuable tool for managers. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Uriostegui, Stephanie H AU - Bibby, Richard K AU - Esser, Bradley K AU - Clark, Jordan F Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 145 EP - 154 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 543 IS - Part A SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - Los Angeles County California KW - experimental studies KW - sulfates KW - isotopes KW - Orange County California KW - solutes KW - managed aquifer recharge KW - S-35 KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - California KW - laboratory studies KW - recharge KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dates KW - residence time KW - traveltime KW - tracers KW - retention KW - absolute age KW - sulfur KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873351024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Quantifying+ground+water+traveltime+near+managed+recharge+operations+using+%28super+35%29+S+as+an+intrinsic+tracer&rft.au=Uriostegui%2C+Stephanie+H%3BBibby%2C+Richard+K%3BEsser%2C+Bradley+K%3BClark%2C+Jordan+F&rft.aulast=Uriostegui&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=543&rft.issue=Part+A&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2016.04.036 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; aquifers; California; dates; experimental studies; ground water; isotopes; laboratory studies; Los Angeles County California; managed aquifer recharge; Orange County California; radioactive isotopes; recharge; residence time; retention; S-35; solutes; sulfates; sulfur; tracers; traveltime; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.04.036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional oxygen reduction and denitrification rates in ground water from multi-model residence time distributions, San Joaquin Valley, USA AN - 1873347705; 2017-015795 AB - Rates of oxygen and nitrate reduction are key factors in determining the chemical evolution of groundwater. Little is known about how these rates vary and covary in regional groundwater settings, as few studies have focused on regional datasets with multiple tracers and methods of analysis that account for effects of mixed residence times on apparent reaction rates. This study provides insight into the characteristics of residence times and rates of O (sub 2) reduction and denitrification (NO (sub 3) (super -) reduction) by comparing reaction rates using multi-model analytical residence time distributions (RTDs) applied to a data set of atmospheric tracers of groundwater age and geochemical data from 141 well samples in the Central Eastern San Joaquin Valley, CA. The RTD approach accounts for mixtures of residence times in a single sample to provide estimates of in-situ rates. Tracers included SF (sub 6) , CFCs, (super 3) H, He from (super 3) H (tritiogenic He), (super 14) C, and terrigenic He. Parameter estimation and multi-model averaging were used to establish RTDs with lower error variances than those produced by individual RTD models. The set of multi-model RTDs was used in combination with NO (sub 3) (super -) and dissolved gas data to estimate zero order and first order rates of O (sub 2) reduction and denitrification. Results indicated that O (sub 2) reduction and denitrification rates followed approximately log-normal distributions. Rates of O (sub 2) and NO (sub 3) (super -) reduction were correlated and, on an electron milliequivalent basis, denitrification rates tended to exceed O (sub 2) reduction rates. Estimated historical NO (sub 3) (super -) trends were similar to historical measurements. Results show that the multi-model approach can improve estimation of age distributions, and that relatively easily measured O (sub 2) rates can provide information about trends in denitrification rates, which are more difficult to estimate. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Green, Christopher T AU - Jurgens, Bryant C AU - Zhang, Yong AU - Starn, J Jeffrey AU - Singleton, Michael J AU - Esser, Bradley K Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 155 EP - 166 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 543 IS - Part A SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - tritium KW - environmental analysis KW - statistical distribution KW - ground water KW - California KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dates KW - noble gases KW - denitrification KW - carbon KW - tracers KW - absolute age KW - helium KW - water pollution KW - sulfur hexafluoride KW - San Joaquin Valley KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - correlation KW - models KW - hydrogen KW - residence time KW - mathematical methods KW - C-14 KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873347705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Regional+oxygen+reduction+and+denitrification+rates+in+ground+water+from+multi-model+residence+time+distributions%2C+San+Joaquin+Valley%2C+USA&rft.au=Green%2C+Christopher+T%3BJurgens%2C+Bryant+C%3BZhang%2C+Yong%3BStarn%2C+J+Jeffrey%3BSingleton%2C+Michael+J%3BEsser%2C+Bradley+K&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=543&rft.issue=Part+A&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2016.05.018 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 100 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; C-14; California; carbon; correlation; dates; denitrification; environmental analysis; ground water; helium; hydrogen; isotopes; mathematical methods; models; noble gases; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; residence time; San Joaquin Valley; solutes; statistical analysis; statistical distribution; sulfur hexafluoride; tracers; tritium; United States; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.05.018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Moment tensor analysis of very shallow sources AN - 1859791442; 2017-006001 AB - An issue for moment tensor (MT) inversion of shallow seismic sources is that some components of the Green's functions have vanishing amplitudes at the free surface, which can result in bias in the MT solution. The effects of the free surface on the stability of the MT method become important as we continue to investigate and improve the capabilities of regional full MT inversion for source-type identification and discrimination. It is important to understand free-surface effects on discriminating shallow explosive sources for nuclear monitoring purposes. It may also be important in natural systems that have very shallow seismicity, such as volcanic and geothermal systems. We examine the effects of the free surface on the MT via synthetic testing and apply the MT-based discrimination method to three quarry blasts from the HUMMING ALBATROSS experiment. These shallow chemical explosions at approximately 10 m depth and recorded up to several kilometers distance represent rather severe source-station geometry in terms of free-surface effects. We show that the method is capable of recovering a predominantly explosive source mechanism, and the combined waveform and first-motion method enables the unique discrimination of these events. Recovering the design yield using seismic moment estimates from MT inversion remains challenging, but we can begin to put error bounds on our moment estimates using the network sensitivity solution technique (Ford et al., 2010). JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Chiang, Andrea AU - Dreger, Douglas S AU - Ford, Sean R AU - Walter, William R AU - Yoo, Seung-Hoon Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 2436 EP - 2449 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 106 IS - 6 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - explosions KW - shallow-focus earthquakes KW - seismic moment KW - human activity KW - chemical explosions KW - quarries KW - petroleum KW - Green function KW - waveforms KW - seismic sources KW - depth KW - geothermal systems KW - moment tensors KW - seismicity KW - blasting KW - volcanoes KW - focus KW - earthquakes KW - faults KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859791442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Moment+tensor+analysis+of+very+shallow+sources&rft.au=Chiang%2C+Andrea%3BDreger%2C+Douglas+S%3BFord%2C+Sean+R%3BWalter%2C+William+R%3BYoo%2C+Seung-Hoon&rft.aulast=Chiang&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2436&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0120150233 L2 - http://bssa.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - blasting; chemical explosions; depth; earthquakes; explosions; faults; focus; geothermal systems; Green function; human activity; moment tensors; petroleum; quarries; seismic moment; seismic sources; seismicity; shallow-focus earthquakes; volcanoes; waveforms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120150233 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of decadal cloud variations on the Earth's energy budget AN - 1850774643; PQ0003912291 AB - Feedbacks of clouds on climate change strongly influence the magnitude of global warming. Cloud feedbacks, in turn, depend on the spatial patterns of surface warming, which vary on decadal timescales. Therefore, the magnitude of the decadal cloud feedback could deviate from the long-term cloud feedback. Here we present climate model simulations to show that the global mean cloud feedback in response to decadal temperature fluctuations varies dramatically due to time variations in the spatial pattern of sea surface temperature. We find that cloud anomalies associated with these patterns significantly modify the Earth's energy budget. Specifically, the decadal cloud feedback between the 1980s and 2000s is substantially more negative than the long-term cloud feedback. This is a result of cooling in tropical regions where air descends, relative to warming in tropical ascent regions, which strengthens low-level atmospheric stability. Under these conditions, low-level cloud cover and its reflection of solar radiation increase, despite an increase in global mean surface temperature. These results suggest that sea surface temperature pattern-induced low cloud anomalies could have contributed to the period of reduced warming between 1998 and 2013, and offer a physical explanation of why climate sensitivities estimated from recently observed trends are probably biased low. JF - Nature Geoscience AU - Zhou, Chen AU - Zelinka, Mark D AU - Klein, Stephen A AD - Cloud Processes Research Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 871 EP - 874 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 9 IS - 12 SN - 1752-0894, 1752-0894 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Surface temperatures KW - Sea surface KW - Climatic changes KW - Climate change KW - Cloud variations KW - Solar radiation KW - Low clouds KW - Models KW - Sea surface temperature anomalies KW - Feedback KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Climate models KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Cloud Cover KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Temperature fluctuations KW - Cloud cover KW - Water temperature KW - Global Warming KW - Energy budget KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Surface temperature KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Energy KW - Global warming KW - Temperature trends KW - Fluctuations KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1850774643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Geoscience&rft.atitle=Impact+of+decadal+cloud+variations+on+the+Earth%27s+energy+budget&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Chen%3BZelinka%2C+Mark+D%3BKlein%2C+Stephen+A&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Chen&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=871&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Geoscience&rft.issn=17520894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fngeo2828 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Sea surface; Climate change; Climate; Greenhouse effect; Water temperature; Ecosystem disturbance; Energy budget; Surface temperature; Clouds; Climatic changes; Global warming; Feedback; Solar radiation; Models; Surface temperatures; Climate models; Cloud variations; Cloud cover; Temperature fluctuations; Low clouds; Sea surface temperature anomalies; Numerical simulations; Temperature trends; Simulation Analysis; Energy; Climates; Cloud Cover; Temperature; Fluctuations; Global Warming; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2828 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-material closure model for high-order finite element Lagrangian hydrodynamics AN - 1846400458; PQ0003834831 AB - We present a new closure model for single fluid, multi-material Lagrangian hydrodynamics and its application to high-order finite element discretizations of these equations . The model is general with respect to the number of materials, dimension and space and time discretizations. Knowledge about exact material interfaces is not required. Material indicator functions are evolved by a closure computation at each quadrature point of mixed cells, which can be viewed as a high-order variational generalization of the method of Tipton . This computation is defined by the notion of partial non-instantaneous pressure equilibration, while the full pressure equilibration is achieved by both the closure model and the hydrodynamic motion. Exchange of internal energy between materials is derived through entropy considerations, that is, every material produces positive entropy, and the total entropy production is maximized in compression and minimized in expansion. Results are presented for standard one-dimensional two-material problems, followed by two-dimensional and three-dimensional multi-material high-velocity impact arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian calculations. We present a closure model that evolves material properties at quadrature point level. The method is general with respect to the number of materials, dimension and space and time discretizations.Material volumes are evolved by imposing partial pressure equilibration, and internal energy exchange between materials is determined by considerations of the expected behavior of the entropy production. Results are presented for standard one-dimensional two-material problems, followed by two-dimensional and three-dimensional multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian high-velocity impacts. JF - International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids AU - Dobrev, V A AU - Kolev, T V AU - Rieben, R N AU - Tomov, V Z AD - Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA. Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 689 EP - 706 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 82 IS - 10 SN - 0271-2091, 0271-2091 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Mathematical models KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Indicators KW - Expansion KW - Methodology KW - Energy KW - Fluid dynamics KW - Standards KW - Entropy KW - Modelling KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846400458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+for+Numerical+Methods+in+Fluids&rft.atitle=Multi-material+closure+model+for+high-order+finite+element+Lagrangian+hydrodynamics&rft.au=Dobrev%2C+V+A%3BKolev%2C+T+V%3BRieben%2C+R+N%3BTomov%2C+V+Z&rft.aulast=Dobrev&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=689&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+for+Numerical+Methods+in+Fluids&rft.issn=02712091&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Ffld.4236 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Hydrodynamics; Fluid dynamics; Entropy; Methodology; Modelling; Energy; Indicators; Standards; Expansion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.4236 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diagnostic Microdosing Approach to Study Gemcitabine Resistance. AN - 1835406500; 27657672 AB - Gemcitabine metabolites cause the termination of DNA replication and induction of apoptosis. We determined whether subtherapeutic "microdoses" of gemcitabine are incorporated into DNA at levels that correlate to drug cytotoxicity. A pair of nearly isogenic bladder cancer cell lines differing in resistance to several chemotherapy drugs were treated with various concentrations of 14C-labeled gemcitabine for 4-24 h. Drug incorporation into DNA was determined by accelerator mass spectrometry. A mechanistic analysis determined that RRM2, a DNA synthesis protein and a known resistance factor, substantially mediated gemcitabine toxicity. These results support gemcitabine levels in DNA as a potential biomarker of drug cytotoxicity. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Scharadin, Tiffany M AU - Zhang, Hongyong AU - Zimmermann, Maike AU - Wang, Sisi AU - Malfatti, Michael A AU - Cimino, George D AU - Turteltaub, Kenneth AU - de Vere White, Ralph AU - Pan, Chong-Xian AU - Henderson, Paul T AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California Davis , Sacramento, California 95817, United States. ; Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore, California 94550, United States. ; Accelerated Medical Diagnostics Incorporated , Berkeley, California 95618, United States. ; Department of Urology, University of California Davis Medical Center , Sacramento, California 95817, United States. Y1 - 2016/11/21/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Nov 21 SP - 1843 EP - 1848 VL - 29 IS - 11 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1835406500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Diagnostic+Microdosing+Approach+to+Study+Gemcitabine+Resistance.&rft.au=Scharadin%2C+Tiffany+M%3BZhang%2C+Hongyong%3BZimmermann%2C+Maike%3BWang%2C+Sisi%3BMalfatti%2C+Michael+A%3BCimino%2C+George+D%3BTurteltaub%2C+Kenneth%3Bde+Vere+White%2C+Ralph%3BPan%2C+Chong-Xian%3BHenderson%2C+Paul+T&rft.aulast=Scharadin&rft.aufirst=Tiffany&rft.date=2016-11-21&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1843&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=1520-5010&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synchrotron Mossbauer source technique for in situ measurement of iron-bearing inclusions in natural diamonds AN - 1873351045; 2017-015780 AB - We describe a new methodology to collect energy domain Mossbauer spectra of inclusions in natural diamonds using a Synchrotron Mossbauer Source (SMS). Measurements were carried out at the Nuclear Resonance beamline ID18 at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Grenoble, France). We applied this non-destructive approach to collect SMS spectra of a ferropericlase inclusion still contained within its diamond host from Juina (Brazil). The high spatial resolution of the measurement ( approximately 15 mu m) enabled multiple regions of the 190 X 105 mu m (super 2) inclusion to be sampled and showed that while Fe (super 3+) /Fe (sub tot) values in ferropericlase were below the detection limit (0.02) overall, there was a magnetic component whose abundance varied systematically across the inclusion. Hyperfine parameters of the magnetic component are consistent with magnesioferrite, and the absence of superparamagnetism allows the minimum particle size to be estimated as approximately 30 nm. Bulk Fe (super 3+) /Fe (sub tot) values are similar to those reported for other ferropericlase inclusions from Juina, and their variation across the inclusion can provide constraints on its history. JF - Lithos (Oslo) AU - Nestola, Fabrizio AU - Cerantola, V AU - Milani, Sula AU - Anzolini, Chiara AU - McCammon, C AU - Novella, D AU - Kupenko, I AU - Chumakov, A AU - Rueffer, R AU - Harris, J W AU - Shirey, S B Y1 - 2016/11/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Nov 15 SP - 328 EP - 333 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 265 SN - 0024-4937, 0024-4937 KW - periclase KW - oxygen KW - Juina Brazil KW - techniques KW - Sao Luiz River KW - iron KW - fugacity KW - magnetic properties KW - magnetic minerals KW - inclusions KW - diamond KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - nuclear magnetic resonance KW - chemical composition KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - diamond deposits KW - in situ KW - electron microscopy data KW - native elements KW - TEM data KW - samples KW - measurement KW - Mato Grosso Brazil KW - mineral inclusions KW - South America KW - placers KW - metals KW - Brazil KW - magnetic susceptibility KW - synchrotrons KW - anvil cells KW - spectroscopy KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873351045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lithos+%28Oslo%29&rft.atitle=Synchrotron+Mossbauer+source+technique+for+in+situ+measurement+of+iron-bearing+inclusions+in+natural+diamonds&rft.au=Nestola%2C+Fabrizio%3BCerantola%2C+V%3BMilani%2C+Sula%3BAnzolini%2C+Chiara%3BMcCammon%2C+C%3BNovella%2C+D%3BKupenko%2C+I%3BChumakov%2C+A%3BRueffer%2C+R%3BHarris%2C+J+W%3BShirey%2C+S+B&rft.aulast=Nestola&rft.aufirst=Fabrizio&rft.date=2016-11-15&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=&rft.spage=328&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lithos+%28Oslo%29&rft.issn=00244937&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.lithos.2016.06.016 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00244937 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - LITHAN N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anvil cells; Brazil; chemical composition; diamond; diamond deposits; electron microscopy data; fugacity; in situ; inclusions; iron; Juina Brazil; magnetic minerals; magnetic properties; magnetic susceptibility; Mato Grosso Brazil; measurement; metals; mineral inclusions; Mossbauer spectra; native elements; nuclear magnetic resonance; oxides; oxygen; periclase; placers; samples; Sao Luiz River; South America; spectra; spectroscopy; synchrotrons; techniques; TEM data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2016.06.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical and Sr isotopic characterization of North America uranium ores: Nuclear forensic applications AN - 1861077928; 786151-3 AB - This study reports major, minor, and trace element data and Sr isotope ratios for 11 uranium ore (uraninite, UO (sub 2+x) ) samples and one processed uranium ore concentrate (UOC) from various U.S. deposits. The uraninite investigated represent ores formed via different modes of mineralization (e.g., high- and low-temperature) and within various geological contexts, which include magmatic pegmatites, metamorphic rocks, sandstone-hosted, and roll front deposits. In situ trace element data obtained by laser ablation-ICP-MS and bulk sample Sr isotopic ratios for uraninite samples investigated here indicate distinct signatures that are highly dependent on the mode of mineralization and host rock geology. Relative to their high-temperature counterparts, low-temperature uranium ores record high U/Th ratios (>1000), low total rare earth element (REE) abundances (300 ppm) of first row transition metals (Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni), and radiogenic (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr ratios (>0.7200). Comparison of chondrite normalized REE patterns between uraninite and corresponding processed UOC from the same locality indicates identical patterns at different absolute concentrations. This result ultimately confirms the importance of establishing geochemical signatures of raw, uranium ore materials for attribution purposes in the forensic analysis of intercepted nuclear materials. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Balboni, Enrica AU - Jones, Nina AU - Spano, Tyler AU - Simonetti, Antonio AU - Burns, Peter C Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 24 EP - 32 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 74 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861077928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Chemical+and+Sr+isotopic+characterization+of+North+America+uranium+ores%3A+Nuclear+forensic+applications&rft.au=Balboni%2C+Enrica%3BJones%2C+Nina%3BSpano%2C+Tyler%3BSimonetti%2C+Antonio%3BBurns%2C+Peter+C&rft.aulast=Balboni&rft.aufirst=Enrica&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2016.08.016 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.08.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A smectic dodecagonal quasicrystal AN - 1846410060; PQ0003848088 AB - We report a solid smectic phase that exhibits dodecagonal global order. It is composed of axially stacked hexagonally ordered particle layers, and its 12-fold rotational symmetry induced by the 30 degree rotation of adjacent layers with respect to each other. A quasicrystal was produced in a molecular-dynamics simulation of a single-component system of particles interacting via a spherically-symmetric potential. It was formed as a result of a first-order phase transition from an isotropic liquid state that occurred under constant-density cooling. This finding implies that a similarly structured quasicrystal can possibly be produced by the same class of systems as those forming smectic-B crystals. This quasicrystal can also be expected to arise in a system of spherically-shaped colloidal particles with appropriately tuned potential. JF - Soft Matter AU - Metere, Alfredo AU - Oleynikov, Peter AU - Dzugutov, Mikhail AU - Lidin, Sven AD - Physical and Life Sciences Directorate; Computational Materials Science in the Condensed Matter and Materials Division; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; 7000 East Avenue L-367; Livermore; CA - 94550; USA; +1 (925) 800-9731 Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 8869 EP - 8875 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 12 IS - 43 SN - 1744-683X, 1744-683X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Phase transition KW - Crystals KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846410060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soft+Matter&rft.atitle=A+smectic+dodecagonal+quasicrystal&rft.au=Metere%2C+Alfredo%3BOleynikov%2C+Peter%3BDzugutov%2C+Mikhail%3BLidin%2C+Sven&rft.aulast=Metere&rft.aufirst=Alfredo&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=43&rft.spage=8869&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soft+Matter&rft.issn=1744683X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6sm01832g LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phase transition; Crystals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6sm01832g ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human Microdosing with Carcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: In Vivo Pharmacokinetics of Dibenzo[def,p]chrysene and Metabolites by UPLC Accelerator Mass Spectrometry. AN - 1835432584; 27494294 AB - Metabolism is a key health risk factor following exposures to pro-carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC), an IARC classified 2A probable human carcinogen. Human exposure to PAHs occurs primarily from the diet in nonsmokers. However, little data is available on the metabolism and pharmacokinetics in humans of high molecular weight PAHs (≥4 aromatic rings), including DBC. We previously determined the pharmacokinetics of DBC in human volunteers orally administered a microdose (29 ng; 5 nCi) of [14C]-DBC by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) analysis of total [14C] in plasma and urine. In the current study, we utilized a novel "moving wire" interface between ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and AMS to detect and quantify parent DBC and its major metabolites. The major [14C] product identified in plasma was unmetabolized [14C]-DBC itself (Cmax = 18.5 ±15.9 fg/mL, Tmax= 2.1 ± 1.0 h), whereas the major metabolite was identified as [14C]-(+/-)-DBC-11,12-diol (Cmax= 2.5 ±1.3 fg/mL, Tmax= 1.8 h). Several minor species of [14C]-DBC metabolites were also detected for which no reference standards were available. Free and conjugated metabolites were detected in urine with [14C]-(+/-)-DBC-11,12,13,14-tetraol isomers identified as the major metabolites, 56.3% of which were conjugated (Cmax= 35.8 ± 23.0 pg/pool, Tmax = 6-12 h pool). [14C]-DBC-11,12-diol, of which 97.5% was conjugated, was also identified in urine (Cmax = 29.4 ± 11.6 pg/pool, Tmax = 6-12 h pool). Parent [14C]-DBC was not detected in urine. This is the first data set to assess metabolite profiles and associated pharmacokinetics of a carcinogenic PAH in human volunteers at an environmentally relevant dose, providing the data necessary for translation of high dose animal models to humans for translation of environmental health risk assessment. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Madeen, Erin P AU - Ognibene, Ted J AU - Corley, Richard A AU - McQuistan, Tammie J AU - Henderson, Marilyn C AU - Baird, William M AU - Bench, Graham AU - Turteltaub, Ken W AU - Williams, David E AD - Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States. ; Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore, California 94550, United States. ; Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States. Y1 - 2016/10/17/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Oct 17 SP - 1641 EP - 1650 VL - 29 IS - 10 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1835432584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Human+Microdosing+with+Carcinogenic+Polycyclic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbons%3A+In+Vivo+Pharmacokinetics+of+Dibenzo%5Bdef%2Cp%5Dchrysene+and+Metabolites+by+UPLC+Accelerator+Mass+Spectrometry.&rft.au=Madeen%2C+Erin+P%3BOgnibene%2C+Ted+J%3BCorley%2C+Richard+A%3BMcQuistan%2C+Tammie+J%3BHenderson%2C+Marilyn+C%3BBaird%2C+William+M%3BBench%2C+Graham%3BTurteltaub%2C+Ken+W%3BWilliams%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Madeen&rft.aufirst=Erin&rft.date=2016-10-17&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=1520-5010&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-20 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-20 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The dynamics of strategic stability and instability AN - 1855325961 AB - I apply a dynamic systems approach to define strategic stability and classify strategic systems as stable, unstable, or neutral, based on the nature of forces that strategic capabilities exert under perturbation away from equilibrium. Conceptualizing stability in this manner is helpful when considering its relationship to mutual vulnerability, its role in extended deterrence relationships, and prospects for maintaining stability along proposed paths to disarmament. Traditional U.S. policy objectives do not appear to distinguish between true stability and neutral stability, and traditional definitions of strategic stability describe neutral stability. True strategic stability is an unlikely policy objective for the United States. JF - Comparative Strategy AU - Miles, Aaron R AD - Center for Global Security Research, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA ; Center for Global Security Research, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - Oct 2016 SP - 423 EP - 437 CY - New York PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd. VL - 35 IS - 5 SN - 0149-5933 KW - Political Science KW - Neutralism KW - Disarmament KW - Deterrence KW - Stability KW - United States--US KW - 9261:public policy/administration; public policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855325961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+Strategy&rft.atitle=The+dynamics+of+strategic+stability+and+instability&rft.au=Miles%2C+Aaron+R&rft.aulast=Miles&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+Strategy&rft.issn=01495933&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01495933.2016.1241005 LA - English DB - PAIS Index; Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Copyright - © 2016 Taylor & Francis N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States--US DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01495933.2016.1241005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cavity radius scaling for underground explosions in hard rock AN - 1832727539; 2016-092859 AB - The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between the explosive yield and the cavity sizes for chemical explosions in granite. We performed borehole studies in the two cavities produced by chemical explosions in Vermont, including the caliper, acoustic, and optical televiewer logs. The two irregularly shaped explosive cavities imaged during this study have the equivalent scaled radii of 8.26 and 8.34 m/kt (super 1/3) . Comparison of the cavity radii, determined in this study, with historical data from other chemical and nuclear explosions in hard rock (e.g., granite) demonstrates that the cavity radius as a function of yield obeys cube root scaling law. The empirical linear fit calculated for the nuclear cavity radii as a function of yield also provides a good approximation for the chemical cavity radii, even though the mechanisms responsible for the creation of cavities during chemical and nuclear shots are different. The depth dependence of the cavity size in hard rock appears to be weaker than proposed by the classical source theory, although there is not enough data to unambiguously resolve the depth dependence. The experimental field measurements of the cavity sizes (determined from geophysical log measurements) agree with the numerical simulations using the hydrodynamic code GEODYN (Antoun et al., 2000; Lomov et al., 2005), which confirm approximate cube root scaling with yield assuming that the quality of the rock mass is similar for all events. Online Material: Composite logs for the boreholes S1-3, S2-2, and S2-4. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Stroujkova, Anastasia AU - Carnevale, Mario AU - Vorobiev, Oleg Y1 - 2016/09/27/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Sep 27 SP - 2500 EP - 2510 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 106 IS - 6 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - United States KW - scale factor KW - fractured materials KW - imagery KW - geophysical surveys KW - igneous rocks KW - chemical explosions KW - granites KW - well-logging KW - elastic waves KW - simulation KW - plutonic rocks KW - underground cavities KW - nuclear explosions KW - yields KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - explosions KW - GEODYN KW - morphometry KW - equations KW - borehole televiewers KW - Vermont KW - depth KW - size KW - measurement KW - boreholes KW - surveys KW - seismic waves KW - amplitude KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832727539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Cavity+radius+scaling+for+underground+explosions+in+hard+rock&rft.au=Stroujkova%2C+Anastasia%3BCarnevale%2C+Mario%3BVorobiev%2C+Oleg&rft.aulast=Stroujkova&rft.aufirst=Anastasia&rft.date=2016-09-27&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2500&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0120160122 L2 - http://bssa.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; borehole televiewers; boreholes; chemical explosions; depth; elastic waves; equations; explosions; fractured materials; GEODYN; geophysical surveys; granites; igneous rocks; imagery; measurement; morphometry; nuclear explosions; numerical models; plutonic rocks; scale factor; seismic waves; simulation; size; surveys; three-dimensional models; underground cavities; United States; Vermont; well-logging; yields DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120160122 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term non-invasive interrogation of human dorsal root ganglion neuronal cultures on an integrated microfluidic multielectrode array platform. AN - 1815680934; 27351032 AB - Scientific studies in drug development and toxicology rely heavily on animal models, which often inaccurately predict the true response for human exposure. This may lead to unanticipated adverse effects or misidentified risks that result in, for example, drug candidate elimination. The utilization of human cells and tissues for in vitro physiological platforms has become a growing area of interest to bridge this gap and to more accurately predict human responses to drugs and toxins. The effects of new drugs and toxins on the peripheral nervous system are often investigated with neurons isolated from dorsal root ganglia (DRG), typically with one-time measurement techniques such as patch clamping. Here, we report the use of our multi-electrode array (MEA) platform for long-term noninvasive assessment of human DRG cell health and function. In this study, we acquired simultaneous optical and electrophysiological measurements from primary human DRG neurons upon chemical stimulation repeatedly through day in vitro (DIV) 23. Distinct chemical signatures were noted for the cellular responses evoked by each chemical stimulus. Additionally, the cell viability and function of the human DRG neurons were consistent through DIV 23. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on long-term measurements of the cell health and function of human DRG neurons on a MEA platform. Future generations will include higher electrode numbers in customized arrangements as well as integration with different tissue types on a single device. This platform will provide a valuable testing tool for both rodent and human cells, enabling a more comprehensive risk assessment for drug candidates and toxicants. JF - The Analyst AU - Enright, H A AU - Felix, S H AU - Fischer, N O AU - Mukerjee, E V AU - Soscia, D AU - Mcnerney, M AU - Kulp, K AU - Zhang, J AU - Page, G AU - Miller, P AU - Ghetti, A AU - Wheeler, E K AU - Pannu, S AD - Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA. Y1 - 2016/09/21/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Sep 21 SP - 5346 EP - 5357 VL - 141 IS - 18 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815680934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Analyst&rft.atitle=Long-term+non-invasive+interrogation+of+human+dorsal+root+ganglion+neuronal+cultures+on+an+integrated+microfluidic+multielectrode+array+platform.&rft.au=Enright%2C+H+A%3BFelix%2C+S+H%3BFischer%2C+N+O%3BMukerjee%2C+E+V%3BSoscia%2C+D%3BMcnerney%2C+M%3BKulp%2C+K%3BZhang%2C+J%3BPage%2C+G%3BMiller%2C+P%3BGhetti%2C+A%3BWheeler%2C+E+K%3BPannu%2C+S&rft.aulast=Enright&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2016-09-21&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=5346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Analyst&rft.issn=1364-5528&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5an01728a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-08-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5an01728a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A nucleosynthetic origin for the Earth's anomalous (super 142) Nd composition AN - 1828850094; 2016-087345 JF - Nature (London) AU - Burkhardt, C AU - Borg, L E AU - Brennecka, G A AU - Shollenberger, Q R AU - Dauphas, N AU - Kleine, T Y1 - 2016/09/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Sep 15 SP - 394 EP - 398 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 537 IS - 7620 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - silicates KW - solar system KW - ordinary chondrites KW - Earth KW - stony meteorites KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - differentiation KW - stable isotopes KW - models KW - meteorites KW - geodynamics KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Nd-144/Nd-142 KW - Sm/Nd KW - metals KW - geochemical anomalies KW - enstatite chondrites KW - rare earths KW - neodymium KW - chondrites KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828850094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=A+nucleosynthetic+origin+for+the+Earth%27s+anomalous+%28super+142%29+Nd+composition&rft.au=Burkhardt%2C+C%3BBorg%2C+L+E%3BBrennecka%2C+G+A%3BShollenberger%2C+Q+R%3BDauphas%2C+N%3BKleine%2C+T&rft.aulast=Burkhardt&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2016-09-15&rft.volume=537&rft.issue=7620&rft.spage=394&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature18956 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical composition; chondrites; differentiation; Earth; enstatite chondrites; geochemical anomalies; geochemistry; geodynamics; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; meteorites; models; Nd-144/Nd-142; neodymium; ordinary chondrites; radioactive isotopes; rare earths; silicates; Sm/Nd; solar system; stable isotopes; stony meteorites DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature18956 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Moment magnitudes of local/regional events from 1D coda calibrations in the broader Middle East region AN - 1828850054; 2016-087272 AB - Reliable moment magnitude estimates for seismic events in the Middle East region can be difficult to obtain due to the uneven distribution of stations, the complex tectonic structure, and regions of high attenuation. In this study, we take advantage of the many new broadband seismic stations that have become available through improved national networks and numerous temporary deployments. We make coda envelope-amplitude measurements for 2247 events recorded by 68 stations over 13 narrow frequency bands ranging between 0.03 and 8 Hz. The absolute scaling of these spectra was calculated based on independent waveform modeling solutions of the moment magnitudes for a subset of these events to avoid circularity. Using our 1D path calibrations, we determined coda-based magnitudes for a majority of the events. We obtain fairly good agreement with waveform-modeled seismic moments for the larger events (M (sub w) >4.5) at low frequencies (0.7 Hz) because of unaccounted 2D path effects, as well as mixing of both Sn coda and Lg coda, which have different attenuation behavior. This scatter leads to increased variance in the magnitudes estimated for smaller events in which low-frequency amplitudes are below the noise levels and the higher frequencies are the only signals available. We quantify the expected variance in coda envelope amplitudes as a function of frequency using interstation scatter as our metric. The net results of this study provide thousands of new 1D coda magnitude estimates for events in the broad region, as well as the necessary initial starting model for use in a new related 2D coda study (Pasyanos et al., 2016).Online Material: Table of site terms and moment magnitudes. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Goek, Rengin AU - Kaviani, Ayoub AU - Matzel, Eric M AU - Pasyanos, Michael E AU - Mayeda, Kevin AU - Yetirmishli, Gurban AU - El-Hussain, Issa AU - Al-Amri, Abdullah AU - Al-Jeri, Farah AU - Godoladze, Tea AU - Kalafat, Dogan AU - Sandvol, Eric A AU - Walter, William R Y1 - 2016/09/13/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Sep 13 SP - 1926 EP - 1938 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 106 IS - 5 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - North Anatolian Fault KW - guided waves KW - one-dimensional models KW - magnitude KW - coda waves KW - Turkey KW - elastic waves KW - models KW - surface waves KW - seismicity KW - propagation KW - tectonics KW - seismic waves KW - algorithms KW - Asia KW - earthquakes KW - seismotectonics KW - Middle East KW - amplitude KW - 19:Seismology KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828850054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Moment+magnitudes+of+local%2Fregional+events+from+1D+coda+calibrations+in+the+broader+Middle+East+region&rft.au=Goek%2C+Rengin%3BKaviani%2C+Ayoub%3BMatzel%2C+Eric+M%3BPasyanos%2C+Michael+E%3BMayeda%2C+Kevin%3BYetirmishli%2C+Gurban%3BEl-Hussain%2C+Issa%3BAl-Amri%2C+Abdullah%3BAl-Jeri%2C+Farah%3BGodoladze%2C+Tea%3BKalafat%2C+Dogan%3BSandvol%2C+Eric+A%3BWalter%2C+William+R&rft.aulast=Goek&rft.aufirst=Rengin&rft.date=2016-09-13&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1926&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0120160045 L2 - http://bssa.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; amplitude; Asia; coda waves; earthquakes; elastic waves; guided waves; magnitude; Middle East; models; North Anatolian Fault; one-dimensional models; propagation; seismic waves; seismicity; seismotectonics; surface waves; tectonics; Turkey DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120160045 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Terrestrial cosmogenic surface exposure dating of glacial and associated landforms in the Ruby Mountains-east Humboldt Range of central Nevada and along the northeastern flank of the Sierra Nevada AN - 1832669040; 781311-8 AB - Deposits near Lamoille in the Ruby Mountains-East Humboldt Range of central Nevada and at Woodfords on the eastern edge of the Sierra Nevada each record two distinct glacial advances. We compare independent assessments of terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) surface exposure ages for glacial deposits that we have determined to those obtained by others at the two sites. At each site, TCN ages of boulders on moraines of the younger advance are between 15 and 30 ka and may be associated with marine oxygen isotope stage (MIS) 2. At Woodfords, TCN ages of boulders on the moraine of the older advance are younger than nearly equal 60 ka and possibly formed during MIS 4, whereas boulders on the correlative outwash surface show ages approaching 140 ka ( nearly equal MIS 6). The TCN ages of boulders on older glacial moraine at Woodfords thus appear to severely underestimate the true age of the glacial advance responsible for the deposit. The same is possibly true at Lamoille where clasts sampled from the moraine of the oldest advance have ages ranging between 20 and 40 ka with a single outlier age of nearly equal 80 ka. The underestimations are attributed to the degradation and denudation of older moraine crests. Noting that boulder ages on the older advances at each site overlap significantly with MIS 2. We speculate that erosion of the older moraines has been episodic, with a pulse of denudation accompanying the inception of MIS 2 glaciation. JF - Geomorphology AU - Wesnousky, Steven G AU - Briggs, Richard W AU - Caffee, Marc W AU - Ryerson, F J AU - Finkel, Robert C AU - Owen, Lewis A Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 72 EP - 81 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 268 SN - 0169-555X, 0169-555X KW - United States KW - Sierra Nevada KW - glaciation KW - isotopes KW - erosion KW - paleorelief KW - landforms KW - eastern Humboldt Range KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - denudation KW - dates KW - moraines KW - absolute age KW - Nevada KW - Ruby Mountains KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Quaternary KW - Pershing County Nevada KW - Be-10 KW - central Nevada KW - Woodfords Nevada KW - glacial features KW - Lamoille Nevada KW - Humboldt Range KW - northeastern Sierra Nevada KW - metals KW - Pleistocene KW - geomorphology KW - beryllium KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832669040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomorphology&rft.atitle=Terrestrial+cosmogenic+surface+exposure+dating+of+glacial+and+associated+landforms+in+the+Ruby+Mountains-east+Humboldt+Range+of+central+Nevada+and+along+the+northeastern+flank+of+the+Sierra+Nevada&rft.au=Wesnousky%2C+Steven+G%3BBriggs%2C+Richard+W%3BCaffee%2C+Marc+W%3BRyerson%2C+F+J%3BFinkel%2C+Robert+C%3BOwen%2C+Lewis+A&rft.aulast=Wesnousky&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=268&rft.issue=&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomorphology&rft.issn=0169555X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geomorph.2016.04.027 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0169555X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. table, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; alkaline earth metals; Be-10; beryllium; Cenozoic; central Nevada; dates; denudation; eastern Humboldt Range; erosion; geomorphology; glacial features; glaciation; Humboldt Range; isotopes; Lamoille Nevada; landforms; metals; moraines; Nevada; northeastern Sierra Nevada; paleorelief; Pershing County Nevada; Pleistocene; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; Ruby Mountains; Sierra Nevada; United States; upper Pleistocene; Woodfords Nevada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.04.027 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-invasive measurement of proppant pack deformation AN - 1828846877; 2016-086907 AB - In this paper, we describe a method to non-invasively study the movement of proppant packs at the sub-fracture scale by applying three-dimensional digital image correlation techniques to X-ray tomography data. Proppant movement is tracked in a fractured core of Marcellus shale placed under a series of increasing confining pressures up to 10,000 psi. The analysis reveals the sudden failure of a region of the proppant pack, accompanied by the large-scale rearrangement of grains across the entire fracture surface. The failure of the pack coincides with the appearance of vortex-like grain motions similar to features observed in biaxial compression of two dimensional granular assemblies JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (1997) AU - Walsh, Stuart D C AU - Smith, Megan AU - Carroll, Susan A AU - Crandall, Dustin Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 39 EP - 47 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 87 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - tomography KW - fractured materials KW - hydraulics KW - three-dimensional models KW - proppant KW - biaxial tests KW - shale KW - loading KW - non-invasive methods KW - deformation KW - rock mechanics KW - measurement KW - sedimentary rocks KW - compressive strength KW - confining pressure KW - clastic rocks KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828846877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.atitle=Non-invasive+measurement+of+proppant+pack+deformation&rft.au=Walsh%2C+Stuart+D+C%3BSmith%2C+Megan%3BCarroll%2C+Susan+A%3BCrandall%2C+Dustin&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=Stuart+D&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2016.05.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13651609 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biaxial tests; clastic rocks; compressive strength; confining pressure; deformation; fractured materials; hydraulics; loading; measurement; non-invasive methods; proppant; rock mechanics; sedimentary rocks; shale; three-dimensional models; tomography DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2016.05.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large scale seismic waveform quality metric calculation using Hadoop AN - 1815667989; 2016-076539 AB - In this work we investigated the suitability of Hadoop MapReduce and Apache Spark for large-scale computation of seismic waveform quality metrics by comparing their performance with that of a traditional distributed implementation. The Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Management Center (DMC) provided 43 terabytes of broadband waveform data of which 5.1 TB of data were processed with the traditional architecture, and the full 43 TB were processed using MapReduce and Spark. Maximum performance of approximately 0.56 terabytes per hour was achieved using all 5 nodes of the traditional implementation. We noted that I/O dominated processing, and that I/O performance was deteriorating with the addition of the 5th node. Data collected from this experiment provided the baseline against which the Hadoop results were compared. Next, we processed the full 43 TB dataset using both MapReduce and Apache Spark on our 18-node Hadoop cluster. These experiments were conducted multiple times with various subsets of the data so that we could build models to predict performance as a function of dataset size. We found that both MapReduce and Spark significantly outperformed the traditional reference implementation. At a dataset size of 5.1 terabytes, both Spark and MapReduce were about 15 times faster than the reference implementation. Furthermore, our performance models predict that for a dataset of 350 terabytes, Spark running on a 100-node cluster would be about 265 times faster than the reference implementation. We do not expect that the reference implementation deployed on a 100-node cluster would perform significantly better than on the 5-node cluster because the I/O performance cannot be made to scale. Finally, we note that although Big Data technologies clearly provide a way to process seismic waveform datasets in a high-performance and scalable manner, the technology is still rapidly changing, requires a high degree of investment in personnel, and will likely require significant changes in other parts of our infrastructure. Nevertheless, we anticipate that as the technology matures and third-party tool vendors make it easier to manage and operate clusters, Hadoop (or a successor) will play a large role in our seismic data processing. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Magana-Zook, S AU - Gaylord, J M AU - Knapp, D R AU - Dodge, Douglas A AU - Ruppert, S D Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 18 EP - 30 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 94 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - Hadoop KW - data acquisition KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - prediction KW - elastic waves KW - waveforms KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - computer programs KW - mathematical methods KW - seismic waves KW - computer networks KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815667989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Large+scale+seismic+waveform+quality+metric+calculation+using+Hadoop&rft.au=Magana-Zook%2C+S%3BGaylord%2C+J+M%3BKnapp%2C+D+R%3BDodge%2C+Douglas+A%3BRuppert%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Magana-Zook&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2016.05.012 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - GGEOD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer networks; computer programs; data acquisition; data processing; elastic waves; geophysical methods; Hadoop; mathematical methods; models; prediction; seismic methods; seismic waves; statistical analysis; waveforms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2016.05.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact disruption of gravity-dominated bodies; new simulation data and scaling AN - 1812216751; 2016-068977 JF - Icarus AU - Movshovitz, N AU - Nimmo, Francis AU - Korycansky, D G AU - Asphaug, E AU - Owen, J Michael Y1 - 2016/09/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Sep 01 SP - 85 EP - 96 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 275 SN - 0019-1035, 0019-1035 KW - kinetic energy KW - accretion KW - numerical models KW - planetesimals KW - impacts KW - simulation KW - size KW - mass KW - scale models KW - oblique orientation KW - velocity KW - planetology KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812216751?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.atitle=Impact+disruption+of+gravity-dominated+bodies%3B+new+simulation+data+and+scaling&rft.au=Movshovitz%2C+N%3BNimmo%2C+Francis%3BKorycansky%2C+D+G%3BAsphaug%2C+E%3BOwen%2C+J+Michael&rft.aulast=Movshovitz&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=275&rft.issue=&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Icarus&rft.issn=00191035&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2016.04.018 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00191035 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - ICRSA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accretion; impacts; kinetic energy; mass; numerical models; oblique orientation; planetesimals; planetology; scale models; simulation; size; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2016.04.018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranus evolution models with simple thermal boundary layers AN - 1812215602; 2016-068979 JF - Icarus AU - Nettelmann, Nadine AU - Wang, K AU - Fortney, J J AU - Hamel, S AU - Yellamilli, S AU - Bethkenhagen, M AU - Redmer, R Y1 - 2016/09/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Sep 01 SP - 107 EP - 116 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 275 SN - 0019-1035, 0019-1035 KW - ammonium KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - troposphere KW - thermal history KW - temperature KW - giant planets KW - noble gases KW - ice KW - helium KW - outer planets KW - equations of state KW - thermodynamic properties KW - rocks KW - boundary layer KW - water KW - methane KW - heat flux KW - pressure KW - atmosphere KW - alkanes KW - high pressure KW - models KW - planets KW - organic compounds KW - Uranus KW - stratification KW - hydrogen KW - planetary interiors KW - hydrocarbons KW - luminosity KW - ice shells KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812215602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.atitle=Uranus+evolution+models+with+simple+thermal+boundary+layers&rft.au=Nettelmann%2C+Nadine%3BWang%2C+K%3BFortney%2C+J+J%3BHamel%2C+S%3BYellamilli%2C+S%3BBethkenhagen%2C+M%3BRedmer%2C+R&rft.aulast=Nettelmann&rft.aufirst=Nadine&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=275&rft.issue=&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Icarus&rft.issn=00191035&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2016.04.008 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00191035 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - ICRSA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; ammonium; atmosphere; boundary layer; equations of state; giant planets; heat flux; helium; high pressure; hydrocarbons; hydrogen; ice; ice shells; luminosity; methane; models; noble gases; organic compounds; outer planets; planetary interiors; planets; pressure; rocks; stratification; temperature; thermal history; thermodynamic properties; troposphere; Uranus; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2016.04.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinematic ground-motion simulations on rough faults including effects of 3D stochastic velocity perturbations AN - 1828846860; 2016-087171 AB - We describe a methodology for generating kinematic earthquake ruptures for use in 3D ground-motion simulations over the 0-5 Hz frequency band. Our approach begins by specifying a spatially random slip distribution that has a roughly wavenumber-squared fall-off. Given a hypocenter, the rupture speed is specified to average about 75%-80% of the local shear wavespeed and the prescribed slip-rate function has a Kostrov-like shape with a fault-averaged rise time that scales self-similarly with the seismic moment. Both the rupture time and rise time include significant local perturbations across the fault surface specified by spatially random fields that are partially correlated with the underlying slip distribution. We represent velocity-strengthening fault zones in the shallow (15 km) crust by decreasing rupture speed and increasing rise time in these regions. Additional refinements to this approach include the incorporation of geometric perturbations to the fault surface, 3D stochastic correlated perturbations to the P- and S-wave velocity structure, and a damage zone surrounding the shallow fault surface characterized by a 30% reduction in seismic velocity. We demonstrate the approach using a suite of simulations for a hypothetical M (sub w) 6.45 strike-slip earthquake embedded in a generalized hard-rock velocity structure. The simulation results are compared with the median predictions from the 2014 Next Generation Attenuation-West2 Project ground-motion prediction equations and show very good agreement over the frequency band 0.1-5 Hz for distances out to 25 km from the fault. Additionally, the newly added features act to reduce the coherency of the radiated higher frequency (f>1 Hz) ground motions, and homogenize radiation-pattern effects in this same bandwidth, which move the simulations closer to the statistical characteristics of observed motions as illustrated by comparison with recordings from the 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Graves, Robert AU - Pitarka, Arben Y1 - 2016/08/23/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Aug 23 SP - 2136 EP - 2153 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 106 IS - 5 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - technology KW - three-dimensional models KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - elastic waves KW - effects KW - simulation KW - Imperial Valley earthquake 1979 KW - case studies KW - California KW - kinematics KW - attenuation KW - stochastic processes KW - ground motion KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - algorithms KW - earthquakes KW - S-waves KW - faults KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828846860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Kinematic+ground-motion+simulations+on+rough+faults+including+effects+of+3D+stochastic+velocity+perturbations&rft.au=Graves%2C+Robert%3BPitarka%2C+Arben&rft.aulast=Graves&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2016-08-23&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0120160088 L2 - http://bssa.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 64 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; attenuation; body waves; California; case studies; earthquakes; effects; elastic waves; faults; ground motion; Imperial Valley earthquake 1979; kinematics; P-waves; prediction; propagation; S-waves; seismic waves; simulation; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; technology; three-dimensional models; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120160088 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2D variations in coda amplitudes in the Middle East AN - 1828846190; 2016-087260 AB - Coda amplitudes have proven to be a stable feature of seismograms, allowing one to reliably measure magnitudes for moderate-to-large (M > or = 3) earthquakes over broad regions. Because smaller (M < 3) earthquakes are only recorded at higher frequencies for which we find larger interstation scatter, amplitude and magnitude estimates for these events are more variable, regional, and path dependent. In this article, we investigate coda amplitude measurements in the Middle East for 2D variations in attenuation structure. One critical aspect of this effort is characterizing the propagation term to include scattering, which allows us to use amplitudes out to longer distances and later in the coda. We perform a tomographic inversion and find that the recovered attenuation structure is both very similar to the attenuation structure derived from direct phases and also reflective of the tectonic structure of the region. We then apply the 2D attenuation corrections to several hundred events in the region and find marked improvements to our magnitude estimates, as measured by interstation scattering, resulting in standard deviations of less than 0.025 magnitude units at all frequencies. The improvements are greatest at high frequencies, which will have the largest effect on smaller magnitude events. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Pasyanos, Michael E AU - Goek, Rengin AU - Walter, William R Y1 - 2016/08/16/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Aug 16 SP - 1915 EP - 1925 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 106 IS - 5 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - guided waves KW - magnitude KW - coda waves KW - elastic waves KW - variations KW - two-dimensional models KW - attenuation KW - surface waves KW - seismicity KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - algorithms KW - Asia KW - earthquakes KW - Middle East KW - amplitude KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828846190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=2D+variations+in+coda+amplitudes+in+the+Middle+East&rft.au=Pasyanos%2C+Michael+E%3BGoek%2C+Rengin%3BWalter%2C+William+R&rft.aulast=Pasyanos&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2016-08-16&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1915&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0120150336 L2 - http://bssa.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; amplitude; Asia; attenuation; coda waves; earthquakes; elastic waves; guided waves; magnitude; Middle East; propagation; seismic waves; seismicity; surface waves; two-dimensional models; variations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120150336 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new approach to cosmogenic corrections in (super 40) Ar/ (super 39) Ar chronometry; implications for the ages of Martian meteorites AN - 1812216756; 2016-069280 AB - Anomalously old (super 40) Ar/ (super 39) Ar ages are commonly obtained from Shergottites and are generally attributed to uncertainties regarding the isotopic composition of the trapped component and/or the presence of excess (super 40) Ar. Old ages can also be obtained if inaccurate corrections for cosmogenic (super 36) Ar are applied. Current methods for making the cosmogenic correction require simplifying assumptions regarding the spatial homogeneity of target elements for cosmogenic production and the distribution of cosmogenic nuclides relative to trapped and reactor-derived Ar isotopes. To mitigate uncertainties arising from these assumptions, a new cosmogenic correction approach utilizing the exposure age determined on an un-irradiated aliquot and step-wise production rate estimates that account for spatial variations in Ca and K is described. Data obtained from NWA 4468 and an unofficial pairing of NWA 2975, which yield anomalously old ages when corrected for cosmogenic (super 36) Ar using conventional techniques, are used to illustrate the efficacy of this new approach. For these samples, anomalous age determinations are rectified solely by the improved cosmogenic correction technique described herein. Ages of 188 + or - 17 and 184 + or - 17 Ma are obtained for NWA 4468 and NWA 2975, respectively, both of which are indistinguishable from ages obtained by other radioisotopic systems. For other Shergottites that have multiple trapped components, have experienced diffusive loss of Ar, or contain excess Ar, more accurate cosmogenic corrections may aid in the interpretation of anomalous ages. The trapped (super 40) Ar/ (super 36) Ar ratios inferred from inverse isochron diagrams obtained from NWA 4468 and NWA 2975 are significantly lower than the Martian atmospheric value, and may represent upper mantle or crustal components. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Cassata, W S AU - Borg, L E Y1 - 2016/08/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Aug 15 SP - 279 EP - 293 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 187 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - NWA 4468 KW - Northwest Africa Meteorites KW - stony meteorites KW - isotopes KW - Martian meteorites KW - Mars KW - electron probe data KW - SNC Meteorites KW - meteorites KW - dates KW - noble gases KW - absolute age KW - Archean KW - rare earths KW - geochemistry KW - Ar/Ar KW - experimental studies KW - Precambrian KW - Jurassic KW - cosmochemistry KW - achondrites KW - Mesozoic KW - argon KW - terrestrial planets KW - planets KW - shergottite KW - Sm/Nd KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - corrections KW - NWA 2975 KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812216756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=A+new+approach+to+cosmogenic+corrections+in+%28super+40%29+Ar%2F+%28super+39%29+Ar+chronometry%3B+implications+for+the+ages+of+Martian+meteorites&rft.au=Cassata%2C+W+S%3BBorg%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Cassata&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2016-08-15&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.04.045 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; achondrites; Ar/Ar; Archean; argon; corrections; cosmochemistry; dates; electron probe data; experimental studies; geochemistry; isotopes; Jurassic; Mars; Martian meteorites; mathematical methods; Mesozoic; metals; meteorites; noble gases; Northwest Africa Meteorites; NWA 2975; NWA 4468; planets; Precambrian; rare earths; shergottite; Sm/Nd; SNC Meteorites; stony meteorites; terrestrial planets DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.04.045 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular evidence of viral DNA in non-small cell lung cancer and non-neoplastic lung. AN - 1810869974; 27415011 AB - BACKGROUNDAlthough ∼20% of human cancers are caused by microorganisms, only suspicion exists for a microbial cause of lung cancer. Potential infectious agents were investigated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and non-neoplastic lung.METHODSSeventy NSCLC tumours (33 squamous cell carcinomas, 17 adenocarcinomas, 10 adenocarcinomas with lepidic spread, and 10 oligometastases) and 10 non-neoplastic lung specimens were evaluated for molecular evidence of microorganisms. Tissues were subjected to the Lawrence Livermore Microbial Detection Array, an oncovirus panel of the International Agency for Research on Cancer, and human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping. Associations were examined between microbial prevalence, clinical characteristics, and p16 and EGFR expression.RESULTSRetroviral DNA was observed in 85% squamous cell carcinomas, 47% adenocarcinomas, and 10% adenocarcinomas with lepidic spread. Human papillomavirus DNA was found in 69% of squamous cell carcinomas with 30% containing high-risk HPV types. No significant viral DNA was detected in non-neoplastic lung. Patients with tumours containing viral DNA experienced improved long-term survival compared with patients with viral DNA-negative tumours.CONCLUSIONSMost squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas contained retroviral DNA and one-third of squamous cell carcinomas contained high-risk HPV DNA. Viral DNA was absent in non-neoplastic lung. Trial results encourage further study of the viral contribution to lung carcinogenesis. JF - British journal of cancer AU - Robinson, Lary A AU - Jaing, Crystal J AU - Pierce Campbell, Christine AU - Magliocco, Anthony AU - Xiong, Yin AU - Magliocco, Genevra AU - Thissen, James B AU - Antonia, Scott AD - Department of Thoracic Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612-9416, USA. ; Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94559-9698, USA. ; Center for Infection Research in Cancer (CIRC), Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612-9416, USA. ; Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612-9416, USA. Y1 - 2016/08/09/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Aug 09 SP - 497 EP - 504 VL - 115 IS - 4 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1810869974?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+journal+of+cancer&rft.atitle=Molecular+evidence+of+viral+DNA+in+non-small+cell+lung+cancer+and+non-neoplastic+lung.&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Lary+A%3BJaing%2C+Crystal+J%3BPierce+Campbell%2C+Christine%3BMagliocco%2C+Anthony%3BXiong%2C+Yin%3BMagliocco%2C+Genevra%3BThissen%2C+James+B%3BAntonia%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Lary&rft.date=2016-08-09&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=British+journal+of+cancer&rft.issn=1532-1827&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fbjc.2016.213 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-08-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2016.213 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strong regional atmospheric super(14)C signature of respired CO sub(2) observed from a tall tower over the midwestern United States AN - 1827911765; PQ0003654051 AB - Radiocarbon in CO sub(2) ( super(14)CO sub(2)) measurements can aid in discriminating between fast (5-10years) cycling of C between the atmosphere and the terrestrial biosphere due to the super(14)C disequilibrium between atmospheric and terrestrial C. However, super(14)CO sub(2) in the atmosphere is typically much more strongly impacted by fossil fuel emissions of CO sub(2), and, thus, observations often provide little additional constraints on respiratory flux estimates at regional scales. Here we describe a data set of super(14)CO sub(2) observations from a tall tower in northern Wisconsin (USA) where fossil fuel influence is far enough removed that during the summer months, the biospheric component of the super(14)CO sub(2) budget dominates. We find that the terrestrial biosphere is responsible for a significant contribution to super(14)CO sub(2) that is 2-3 times higher than predicted by the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach terrestrial ecosystem model for observations made in 2010. This likely includes a substantial contribution from the North American boreal ecoregion, but transported biospheric emissions from outside the model domain cannot be ruled out. The super(14)CO sub(2) enhancement also appears somewhat decreased in observations made over subsequent years, suggesting that 2010 may be anomalous. With these caveats acknowledged, we discuss the implications of the observation/model comparison in terms of possible systematic biases in the model versus short-term anomalies in the observations. Going forward, this isotopic signal could be exploited as an important indicator to better constrain both the long-term carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems and the short-term impact of disturbance-based loss of carbon to the atmosphere. Key Points * The terrestrial biosphere strongly influences atmospheric super(14)CO sub(2) over northern Wisconsin, USA * Simulations for the 2010 growing season results in an underestimate of the biospheric super(14)CO sub(2) source compared to observations * An underestimate in the magnitude of heterotrophic respiration flux in the model or short-term ecosystem variability is suspected JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. G. Biogeosciences AU - LaFranchi, B W AU - McFarlane, K J AU - Miller, J B AU - Lehman, S J AU - Phillips, CL AU - Andrews, A E AU - Tans, P P AU - Chen, H AU - Liu, Z AU - Turnbull, J C AU - Xu, X AU - Guilderson, T P AD - Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA. Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 2275 EP - 2295 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 8 SN - 2169-8953, 2169-8953 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Variability KW - Ecosystems KW - Respiration KW - Indicators KW - Biosphere KW - USA, Wisconsin KW - Atmosphere KW - Carbon KW - Modelling KW - Data processing KW - Fossil fuels KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Carbon 14 KW - Carbon cycle KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Terrestrial ecosystems KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Fluctuations KW - Metabolism KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Q2 09267:Gravity and geodesy KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827911765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Strong+regional+atmospheric+super%2814%29C+signature+of+respired+CO+sub%282%29+observed+from+a+tall+tower+over+the+midwestern+United+States&rft.au=LaFranchi%2C+B+W%3BMcFarlane%2C+K+J%3BMiller%2C+J+B%3BLehman%2C+S+J%3BPhillips%2C+CL%3BAndrews%2C+A+E%3BTans%2C+P+P%3BChen%2C+H%3BLiu%2C+Z%3BTurnbull%2C+J+C%3BXu%2C+X%3BGuilderson%2C+T+P&rft.aulast=LaFranchi&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.issn=21698953&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JG003271 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon; Fossil fuels; Respiration; Carbon cycle; Carbon 14; Carbon dioxide; Metabolism; Ecosystem disturbance; Modelling; Data processing; Terrestrial ecosystems; Biosphere; Atmosphere; Variability; Ecosystems; Simulation Analysis; Indicators; Fluctuations; Carbon Dioxide; USA, Wisconsin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JG003271 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constraining the low-cloud optical depth feedback at middle and high latitudes using satellite observations AN - 1827896600; PQ0003655444 AB - The increase in cloud optical depth with warming at middle and high latitudes is a robust cloud feedback response found across all climate models. This study builds on results that suggest the optical depth response to temperature is timescale invariant for low-level clouds. The timescale invariance allows one to use satellite observations to constrain the models' optical depth feedbacks. Three passive-sensor satellite retrievals are compared against simulations from eight models from the Atmosphere Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) of the 5th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). This study confirms that the low-cloud optical depth response is timescale invariant in the AMIP simulations, generally at latitudes higher than 40 degree . Compared to satellite estimates, most models overestimate the increase in optical depth with warming at the monthly and interannual timescales. Many models also do not capture the increase in optical depth with estimated inversion strength that is found in all three satellite observations and in previous studies. The discrepancy between models and satellites exists in both hemispheres and in most months of the year. A simple replacement of the models' optical depth sensitivities with the satellites' sensitivities reduces the negative shortwave cloud feedback by at least 50% in the 40 degree -70 degree S latitude band and by at least 65% in the 40 degree -70 degree N latitude band. Based on this analysis of satellite observations, we conclude that the low-cloud optical depth feedback at middle and high latitudes is likely too negative in climate models. Key Points * We examine low-cloud optical depth sensitivity to surface temperature and EIS * Compared to satellites, optical depth in models is too sensitive to temperature * Associated feedback in middle and high latitudes is likely too negative in models JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Terai, C R AU - Klein, SA AU - Zelinka, MD AD - Cloud Processes Research Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA. Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 9696 EP - 9716 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 16 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Surface temperatures KW - Climate models KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Remote sensing KW - Atmosphere KW - Inversions KW - Project AMIP KW - Surface temperature KW - Clouds KW - Satellite sensing KW - Strength KW - Satellite data KW - Numerical simulations KW - Cloud optical depth KW - Modelling KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827896600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Constraining+the+low-cloud+optical+depth+feedback+at+middle+and+high+latitudes+using+satellite+observations&rft.au=Terai%2C+C+R%3BKlein%2C+SA%3BZelinka%2C+MD&rft.aulast=Terai&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=9696&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016JD025233 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Satellite sensing; Climate; Remote sensing; Inversions; Surface temperature; Modelling; Clouds; Surface temperatures; Satellite data; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Cloud optical depth; Project AMIP; Strength; Simulation Analysis; Climates; Temperature; Atmosphere DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025233 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground Motion Modeling in the Eastern Caucasus AN - 1815699251; PQ0003588704 AB - In this study, we analyzed the performance of a preliminary three-dimensional (3D) velocity model of the Eastern Caucasus covering most of the Azerbaijan. The model was developed in support to long-period ground motion simulations and seismic hazard assessment from regional earthquakes in Azerbaijan. The model's performance was investigated by simulating ground motion from the damaging Mw 5.9, 2012 Zaqatala earthquake, which was well recorded throughout the region by broadband seismic instruments. In our simulations, we use a parallelized finite-difference method of fourth-order accuracy. The comparison between the simulated and recorded ground motion velocity in the modeled period range of 3-20 s shows that in general, the 3D velocity model performs well. Areas in which the model needs improvements are located mainly in the central part of the Kura basin and in the Caspian Sea coastal areas. Comparisons of simulated ground motion using our 3D velocity model and corresponding 1D regional velocity model were used to locate areas with strong 3D wave propagation effects. In areas with complex underground structure, the 1D model fails to produce the observed ground motion amplitude and duration, and spatial extend of ground motion amplification caused by wave propagation effects. JF - Pure and Applied Geophysics AU - Pitarka, Arben AU - Gok, Rengin AU - Yetirmishli, Gurban AU - Ismayilova, Saida AU - Mellors, Robert AD - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA, pitarka1@llnl.gov Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 2791 EP - 2801 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 173 IS - 8 SN - 0033-4553, 0033-4553 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Earthquakes KW - Ground motion KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Eurasia, Caspian Sea KW - Velocity KW - Basins KW - Finite-difference methods KW - Wave propagation KW - Azerbaijan KW - Wave amplitude KW - Methodology KW - Wave Propagation KW - Hazards KW - Underground Structures KW - Numerical simulations KW - Seismic instruments KW - Geophysics KW - Modelling KW - Hazard assessment KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815699251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pure+and+Applied+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Ground+Motion+Modeling+in+the+Eastern+Caucasus&rft.au=Pitarka%2C+Arben%3BGok%2C+Rengin%3BYetirmishli%2C+Gurban%3BIsmayilova%2C+Saida%3BMellors%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Pitarka&rft.aufirst=Arben&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=173&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2791&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pure+and+Applied+Geophysics&rft.issn=00334553&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00024-016-1311-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Earthquakes; Ground motion; Geophysics; Wave propagation; Wave amplitude; Hazard assessment; Methodology; Modelling; Numerical simulations; Seismic instruments; Finite-difference methods; Hazards; Wave Propagation; Underground Structures; Simulation Analysis; Basins; Velocity; Eurasia, Caspian Sea; Azerbaijan DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-016-1311-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reducing disk storage of full-3D seismic waveform tomography (F3DT) through lossy online compression AN - 1815675182; 2016-074433 AB - Full-3D seismic waveform tomography (F3DT) is the latest seismic tomography technique that can assimilate broadband, multi-component seismic waveform observations into high-resolution 3D subsurface seismic structure models. The main drawback in the current F3DT implementation, in particular the scattering-integral implementation (F3DT-SI), is the high disk storage cost and the associated I/O overhead of archiving the 4D space-time wavefields of the receiver- or source-side strain tensors. The strain tensor fields are needed for computing the data sensitivity kernels, which are used for constructing the Jacobian matrix in the Gauss-Newton optimization algorithm. In this study, we have successfully integrated a lossy compression algorithm into our F3DT-SI workflow to significantly reduce the disk space for storing the strain tensor fields. The compressor supports a user-specified tolerance for bounding the error, and can be integrated into our finite-difference wave-propagation simulation code used for computing the strain fields. The decompressor can be integrated into the kernel calculation code that reads the strain fields from the disk and compute the data sensitivity kernels. During the wave-propagation simulations, we compress the strain fields before writing them to the disk. To compute the data sensitivity kernels, we read the compressed strain fields from the disk and decompress them before using them in kernel calculations. Experiments using a realistic dataset in our California statewide F3DT project have shown that we can reduce the strain-field disk storage by at least an order of magnitude with acceptable loss, and also improve the overall I/O performance of the entire F3DT-SI workflow significantly. The integration of the lossy online compressor may potentially open up the possibilities of the wide adoption of F3DT-SI in routine seismic tomography practices in the near future. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Lindstrom, Peter AU - Chen, Po AU - Lee, En-Jui Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 45 EP - 54 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 93 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - digital data KW - data processing KW - elastic waves KW - waveforms KW - simulation KW - California KW - errors KW - propagation KW - algorithms KW - compression KW - body waves KW - three-dimensional models KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - optimization KW - inverse problem KW - correlation KW - wave fields KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - lossy compression KW - Southern California KW - kernels KW - mathematical methods KW - seismic waves KW - data storage KW - S-waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815675182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Reducing+disk+storage+of+full-3D+seismic+waveform+tomography+%28F3DT%29+through+lossy+online+compression&rft.au=Lindstrom%2C+Peter%3BChen%2C+Po%3BLee%2C+En-Jui&rft.aulast=Lindstrom&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2016.04.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - GGEOD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; body waves; California; compression; correlation; data processing; data storage; digital data; elastic waves; errors; geophysical methods; inverse problem; kernels; lossy compression; mathematical methods; models; optimization; propagation; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; simulation; Southern California; statistical analysis; three-dimensional models; tomography; United States; wave fields; waveforms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2016.04.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen isotopic variations in the outer margins and Wark-Lovering rims of refractory inclusions AN - 1812216551; 2016-069261 AB - Oxygen isotopic variations across the outer margins and Wark-Lovering (WL) rims of a diverse suite of six coarse-grained Types A and B refractory inclusions from both oxidized and reduced CV3 chondrites suggest that CAIs originated from a (super 16) O-rich protosolar gas reservoir and were later exposed to both relatively (super 17,18) O-rich and (super 16) O-rich reservoirs. The O-isotope profiles of CAIs can be explained by changes in the composition of gas near the protoSun or the migration of CAIs through a heterogeneous nebula. Variability within the inclusion interiors appears to have been set prior to WL rim growth. Modeling the isotopic zoning profiles as diffusion gradients between inclusion interiors and edges establishes a range of permissible time-temperature combinations for their exposure in the nebula. At mean temperatures of 1400 K, models that match the isotope gradients in the inclusions yield timescales ranging from 5 X 10 (super 3) to 3 X 10 (super 5) years. Assuming CAIs originated with a relatively (super 16) O-rich (protosolar) isotopic composition, differences among the melilite interiors and the isotopic gradients in their margins imply the existence of a number of isotopically distinct reservoirs. Evidence at the edges of some CAIs for subsequent isotopic exchange may relate to the beginning of rim formation. In the WL rim layers surrounding the interiors, spinel is relatively (super 16) O-rich but subtly distinct among different CAIs. Melilite is often relatively (super 16) O-poor, but rare relatively (super 16) O-rich grains also exist. Pyroxene generally exhibits intermediate O-isotope compositions and isotopic zoning. Olivine in both WL and accretionary rims, when present, is isotopically heterogeneous. The extreme isotopic heterogeneity among and within individual WL rim layers and in particular, the observed trends of outward (super 16) O-enrichments, suggest that rims surrounding CAIs contained in CV3 chondrites, like the inclusions themselves, formed from a number of isotopically distinct gas reservoirs. Collectively, these results support numerical protoplanetary disk models in which CAIs were transported between several distinct nebular reservoirs multiple times prior to accretion onto a parent body. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Simon, Justin I AU - Matzel, Jennifer E P AU - Simon, Steven B AU - Hutcheon, Ian D AU - Ross, D Kent AU - Weber, Peter K AU - Grossman, Lawrence Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 242 EP - 276 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 186 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - stony meteorites KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - refractory materials KW - calcium-aluminum inclusions KW - mass spectra KW - CV chondrites KW - stable isotopes KW - variations KW - temperature KW - electron probe data KW - meteorites KW - Wark-Lovering rims KW - inclusions KW - spectra KW - mineral assemblages KW - chondrites KW - P-T conditions KW - solar system KW - isotope ratios KW - statistical analysis KW - electron microscopy data KW - O-18/O-16 KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - terrestrial planets KW - reaction rims KW - models KW - mineral inclusions KW - planets KW - mathematical methods KW - NanoSIMS KW - temporal distribution KW - crystal chemistry KW - SEM data KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812216551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Oxygen+isotopic+variations+in+the+outer+margins+and+Wark-Lovering+rims+of+refractory+inclusions&rft.au=Simon%2C+Justin+I%3BMatzel%2C+Jennifer+E+P%3BSimon%2C+Steven+B%3BHutcheon%2C+Ian+D%3BRoss%2C+D+Kent%3BWeber%2C+Peter+K%3BGrossman%2C+Lawrence&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=186&rft.issue=&rft.spage=242&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.04.025 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 87 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcium-aluminum inclusions; carbonaceous chondrites; chondrites; crystal chemistry; CV chondrites; electron microscopy data; electron probe data; inclusions; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; mathematical methods; meteorites; mineral assemblages; mineral inclusions; models; NanoSIMS; O-18/O-16; oxygen; P-T conditions; planets; reaction rims; refractory materials; SEM data; solar system; spectra; stable isotopes; statistical analysis; stony meteorites; temperature; temporal distribution; terrestrial planets; variations; Wark-Lovering rims DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.04.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Generation of shear motion from an isotropic explosion source by scattering in heterogeneous media AN - 1828846233; 2016-087244 AB - One challenging task in explosion seismology is the development of physical models for explaining the generation of S waves during underground explosions. Recent analysis of ground motion from chemical explosions during the Source Physics Experiment (Pitarka et al., 2015) suggests that, although a large component of shear motion was generated directly at the source, additional scattering from heterogeneous velocity structure and topography is necessary to better match the recorded data. In our study, we used a stochastic representation of small-scale velocity variability to produce high-frequency scattering and to analyze its implication on shear-motion generation during underground explosions. In our stochastic velocity model, the key parameters that affect scattering are the correlation length and the relative amplitude of velocity perturbations. Based on finite-difference simulations of elastic wave propagation from an isotropic explosion source, we find that higher velocity perturbations result in larger shear motion, whereas the correlation length, which controls the scatterers size, affects the frequency range at which relative transverse motion is larger. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Hirakawa, Evan AU - Pitarka, Arben AU - Mellors, Robert Y1 - 2016/07/19/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jul 19 SP - 2313 EP - 2319 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 106 IS - 5 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - technology KW - explosions KW - finite difference analysis KW - chemical explosions KW - elastic waves KW - seismic sources KW - depth KW - models KW - Nevada Test Site KW - cracks KW - stochastic processes KW - ground motion KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - earthquakes KW - Nevada KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828846233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Generation+of+shear+motion+from+an+isotropic+explosion+source+by+scattering+in+heterogeneous+media&rft.au=Hirakawa%2C+Evan%3BPitarka%2C+Arben%3BMellors%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Hirakawa&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=2016-07-19&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0120150243 L2 - http://bssa.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; chemical explosions; cracks; depth; earthquakes; elastic waves; explosions; finite difference analysis; ground motion; models; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; P-waves; propagation; seismic sources; seismic waves; stochastic processes; technology; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120150243 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Waveform inversion of acoustic waves for explosion yield estimation AN - 1869032659; 2017-010879 AB - We present a new waveform inversion technique to estimate the energy of near-surface explosions using atmospheric acoustic waves. Conventional methods often employ air blast models based on a homogeneous atmosphere, where the acoustic wave propagation effects (e.g., refraction and diffraction) are not taken into account, and therefore, their accuracy decreases with increasing source-receiver distance. In this study, three-dimensional acoustic simulations are performed with a finite difference method in realistic atmospheres and topography, and the modeled acoustic Green's functions are incorporated into the waveform inversion for the acoustic source time functions. The strength of the acoustic source is related to explosion yield based on a standard air blast model. The technique was applied to local explosions (<10 km) and provided reasonable yield estimates (< approximately 30% error) in the presence of realistic topography and atmospheric structure. The presented method can be extended to explosions recorded at far distance provided proper meteorological specifications. Abstract Copyright Published 2016. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the United States of America. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Kim, K AU - Rodgers, A Y1 - 2016/07/16/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jul 16 SP - 6883 EP - 6890 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 43 IS - 13 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - San Andreas Mountains KW - explosions KW - inverse problem KW - Green function KW - waveforms KW - refraction KW - relief KW - diffraction KW - models KW - topography KW - White sands Missile Range KW - mathematical methods KW - propagation KW - meteorology KW - accuracy KW - acoustical waves KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1869032659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Waveform+inversion+of+acoustic+waves+for+explosion+yield+estimation&rft.au=Kim%2C+K%3BRodgers%2C+A&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2016-07-16&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=6883&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016GL069624 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291944-8007/issues LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-17 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; acoustical waves; diffraction; explosions; Green function; inverse problem; mathematical methods; meteorology; models; propagation; refraction; relief; San Andreas Mountains; topography; waveforms; White sands Missile Range DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069624 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bayesian nitrate source apportionment to individual groundwater wells in the Central Valley by use of elemental and isotopic tracers AN - 1844922405; 2016-101585 AB - Groundwater quality is a concern in alluvial aquifers that underlie agricultural areas, such as in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Shallow domestic wells (less than 150 m deep) in agricultural areas are often contaminated by nitrate. Agricultural and rural nitrate sources include dairy manure, synthetic fertilizers, and septic waste. Knowledge of the relative proportion that each of these sources contributes to nitrate concentration in individual wells can aid future regulatory and land management decisions. We show that nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of nitrate, boron isotopes, and iodine concentrations are a useful, novel combination of groundwater tracers to differentiate between manure, fertilizers, septic waste, and natural sources of nitrate. Furthermore, in this work, we develop a new Bayesian mixing model in which these isotopic and elemental tracers were used to estimate the probability distribution of the fractional contributions of manure, fertilizers, septic waste, and natural sources to the nitrate concentration found in an individual well. The approach was applied to 56 nitrate-impacted private domestic wells located in the San Joaquin Valley. Model analysis found that some domestic wells were clearly dominated by the manure source and suggests evidence for majority contributions from either the septic or fertilizer source for other wells. But, predictions of fractional contributions for septic and fertilizer sources were often of similar magnitude, perhaps because modeled uncertainty about the fraction of each was large. For validation of the Bayesian model, fractional estimates were compared to surrounding land use and estimated source contributions were broadly consistent with nearby land use types. Abstract Copyright (2016), . The Authors. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Ransom, Katherine M AU - Grote, Mark N AU - Deinhart, Amanda AU - Eppich, Gary AU - Kendall, Carol AU - Sanborn, Matthew E AU - Souders, A Kate AU - Wimpenny, Joshua AU - Yin, Qing-zhu AU - Young, Megan AU - Harter, Thomas Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 5577 EP - 5597 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 52 IS - 7 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - fertilizers KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - Bayesian analysis KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - California KW - tracers KW - animal waste KW - nitrate ion KW - septic systems KW - N-15/N-14 KW - San Joaquin Valley KW - numerical models KW - isotope ratios KW - statistical analysis KW - agriculture KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Central Valley KW - B-11/B-10 KW - boron KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844922405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Bayesian+nitrate+source+apportionment+to+individual+groundwater+wells+in+the+Central+Valley+by+use+of+elemental+and+isotopic+tracers&rft.au=Ransom%2C+Katherine+M%3BGrote%2C+Mark+N%3BDeinhart%2C+Amanda%3BEppich%2C+Gary%3BKendall%2C+Carol%3BSanborn%2C+Matthew+E%3BSouders%2C+A+Kate%3BWimpenny%2C+Joshua%3BYin%2C+Qing-zhu%3BYoung%2C+Megan%3BHarter%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Ransom&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=5577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR018523 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 80 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; animal waste; B-11/B-10; Bayesian analysis; boron; California; Central Valley; fertilizers; ground water; isotope ratios; isotopes; N-15/N-14; nitrate ion; nitrogen; numerical models; O-18/O-16; oxygen; San Joaquin Valley; septic systems; stable isotopes; statistical analysis; tracers; United States; water quality; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018523 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of marine boundary layer cloud simulations in the CAM with CLUBB and updated microphysics scheme based on ARM observations from the Azores AN - 1815700255; PQ0003593025 AB - To assess marine boundary layer (MBL) cloud simulations in three versions of the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM), three sets of short-term global hindcasts are performed and compared to Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) observations on Graciosa Island in the Azores from June 2009 to December 2010. The three versions consist of CAM5.3 with default schemes (CAM5.3), CAM5.3 with Cloud Layers Unified By Binormals (CLUBB-MG1), and CAM5.3 with CLUBB and updated microphysics scheme (CLUBB-MG2). Our results show that relative to CAM5.3 default schemes, simulations with CLUBB better represent MBL cloud base height, the height of the major cloud layer, and the daily cloud cover variability. CLUBB also better simulates the relationship of cloud fraction to cloud liquid water path (LWP) most likely due to CLUBB's consistent treatment of these variables through a probability distribution function (PDF) approach. Subcloud evaporation of precipitation is substantially enhanced in simulations with CLUBB-MG2 and is more realistic based on the limited observational estimate. Despite these improvements, all model versions underestimate MBL cloud cover. CLUBB-MG2 reduces biases in in-cloud LWP (clouds are not too bright) but there are still too few of MBL clouds due to an underestimate in the frequency of overcast scenes. Thus, combining CLUBB with MG2 scheme better simulates MBL cloud processes, but because biases remain in MBL cloud cover CLUBB-MG2 does not improve the simulation of the surface shortwave cloud radiative effect (CRE sub(SW)). Key Points * Three versions of CAM short-term hindcasts are performed and compared to ARM observations from the Azores * CAM5 with CLUBB and MG2 scheme (CLUBB-MG2) better simulates MBL cloud processes * CLUBB-MG2 does not improve the surface SW CRE mainly due to its MBL cloud cover biases JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Zheng, X AU - Klein, SA AU - Ma, H-Y AU - Bogenschutz, P AU - Gettelman, A AU - Larson, V E AD - Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA. Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 8472 EP - 8492 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 14 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Variability KW - Probability Distribution KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Evaporation KW - Atmospheric radiation measurements KW - Cloud Cover KW - Boundary Layers KW - Precipitation KW - Cloud cover KW - Clouds KW - ANE, Atlantic, Azores KW - Radiation KW - Numerical simulations KW - Marine atmospheric boundary layer KW - Boundary layers KW - Evaporation of precipitation KW - Downward long wave radiation KW - Modelling KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815700255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+marine+boundary+layer+cloud+simulations+in+the+CAM+with+CLUBB+and+updated+microphysics+scheme+based+on+ARM+observations+from+the+Azores&rft.au=Zheng%2C+X%3BKlein%2C+SA%3BMa%2C+H-Y%3BBogenschutz%2C+P%3BGettelman%2C+A%3BLarson%2C+V+E&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=8472&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016JD025274 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Clouds; Boundary layers; Downward long wave radiation; Cloud cover; Modelling; Marine atmospheric boundary layer; Numerical simulations; Atmospheric radiation measurements; Evaporation of precipitation; Variability; Probability Distribution; Radiation; Evaporation; Simulation Analysis; Boundary Layers; Cloud Cover; Precipitation; ANE, Atlantic, Azores DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025274 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iterative strategies for aftershock classification in automatic seismic processing pipelines AN - 1815667831; 2016-076894 AB - Aftershock sequences following very large earthquakes present enormous challenges to near-real-time generation of seismic bulletins. The increase in analyst resources needed to relocate an inflated number of events is compounded by failures of phase-association algorithms and a significant deterioration in the quality of underlying, fully automatic event bulletins. Current processing pipelines were designed a generation ago, and, due to computational limitations of the time, are usually limited to single passes over the raw data. With current processing capability, multiple passes over the data are feasible. Processing the raw data at each station currently generates parametric data streams that are then scanned by a phase-association algorithm to form event hypotheses. We consider the scenario in which a large earthquake has occurred and propose to define a region of likely aftershock activity in which events are detected and accurately located, using a separate specially targeted semiautomatic process. This effort may focus on so-called pattern detectors, but here we demonstrate a more general grid-search algorithm that may cover wider source regions without requiring waveform similarity. Given many well-located aftershocks within our source region, we may remove all associated phases from the original detection lists prior to a new iteration of the phase-association algorithm. We provide a proof-of-concept example for the 2015 Gorkha sequence, Nepal, recorded on seismic arrays of the International Monitoring System. Even with very conservative conditions for defining event hypotheses within the aftershock source region, we can automatically remove about half of the original detections that could have been generated by Nepal earthquakes and reduce the likelihood of false associations and spurious event hypotheses. Further reductions in the number of detections in the parametric data streams are likely, using correlation and subspace detectors and/or empirical matched field processing. JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Gibbons, Steven J AU - Kvaerna, Tormod AU - Harris, David B AU - Dodge, Douglas A Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 919 EP - 929 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 87 IS - 4 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - Gorkha earthquake 2015 KW - information management KW - Nepal KW - data management KW - case studies KW - aftershocks KW - seismicity KW - Indian Peninsula KW - great earthquakes KW - classification KW - Asia KW - earthquakes KW - arrays KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815667831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Iterative+strategies+for+aftershock+classification+in+automatic+seismic+processing+pipelines&rft.au=Gibbons%2C+Steven+J%3BKvaerna%2C+Tormod%3BHarris%2C+David+B%3BDodge%2C+Douglas+A&rft.aulast=Gibbons&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=919&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0220160047 L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aftershocks; arrays; Asia; case studies; classification; data management; earthquakes; Gorkha earthquake 2015; great earthquakes; Indian Peninsula; information management; Nepal; seismicity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220160047 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ultrafast proton transport in sub-1-nm diameter carbon nanotube porins AN - 1808682111; PQ0003392226 AB - Proton transport plays an important role in many biological processes due to the ability of protons to rapidly translocate along chains of hydrogen-bonded water molecules. Molecular dynamics simulations have predicted that confinement in hydrophobic nanochannels should enhance the rate of proton transport. Here, we show that 0.8-nm-diameter carbon nanotube porins, which promote the formation of one-dimensional water wires, can support proton transport rates exceeding those of bulk water by an order of magnitude. The transport rates in these narrow nanotube pores also exceed those of biological channels and Nafion. With larger 1.5-nm-diameter nanotube porins, proton transport rates comparable to bulk water are observed. We also show that the proton conductance of these channels can be modulated by the presence of Ca super(2+) ions. Our results illustrate the potential of small-diameter carbon nanotube porins as a proton conductor material and suggest that strong spatial confinement is a key factor in enabling efficient proton transport. JF - Nature Nanotechnology AU - Tunuguntla, Ramya H AU - Allen, Frances I AU - Kim, Kyunghoon AU - Belliveau, Allison AU - Noy, Aleksandr AD - Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 639 EP - 644 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 11 IS - 7 SN - 1748-3387, 1748-3387 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Ions KW - Carbon KW - Calcium KW - Protons KW - Channel pores KW - Conductance KW - Porins KW - Hydrophobicity KW - Conductors KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808682111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Nanotechnology&rft.atitle=Ultrafast+proton+transport+in+sub-1-nm+diameter+carbon+nanotube+porins&rft.au=Tunuguntla%2C+Ramya+H%3BAllen%2C+Frances+I%3BKim%2C+Kyunghoon%3BBelliveau%2C+Allison%3BNoy%2C+Aleksandr&rft.aulast=Tunuguntla&rft.aufirst=Ramya&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Nanotechnology&rft.issn=17483387&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnnano.2016.43 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ions; Calcium; Carbon; Conductance; Channel pores; Protons; Porins; Hydrophobicity; Conductors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2016.43 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A novel solid-state NMR method for the investigation of trivalent lanthanide sorption on amorphous silica at low surface loadings AN - 1808629140; PQ0003469527 AB - The modelling of radionuclide transport in the subsurface depends on a comprehensive understanding of their interactions with mineral surfaces. Spectroscopic techniques provide important insight into these processes directly, but at high concentrations are sometimes hindered by safety concerns and limited solubilities of many radionuclides, especially the actinides. Here we use Eu(iii) as a surrogate for trivalent actinide species, and study Eu(iii) sorption on the silica surface at pH 5 where sorption is fairly limited. We have applied a novel, surface selective solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique to provide information about Eu binding at the silica surface at estimated surface loadings ranging from 0.1 to 3 nmol m-2 (<0.1% surface loading). The NMR results show that inner sphere Eu(iii) complexes are evenly distributed across the silica surface at all concentrations, but that at the highest surface loadings there are indications that precipitates may form. These results illustrate that this NMR technique may be applied in solubility-limited systems to differentiate between adsorption and precipitation to better understand the interactions of radionuclides at solid surfaces. JF - Environmental Sciences: Processes and Impacts AU - Mason, HE AU - Begg, J D AU - Maxwell, R S AU - Kersting, AB AU - Zavarin, M AD - Glenn T. Seaborg Institute; Physical and Life Sciences Directorate; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; 7000 East Ave.; Livermore; CA 94550; USA Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 802 EP - 809 PB - The Royal Society of Chemistry, Burlington House London W1J 0BA United Kingdom VL - 18 IS - 7 SN - 2050-7887, 2050-7887 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Sorption KW - Solubility KW - Safety KW - Precipitation KW - Actinides KW - Silica KW - Radioisotopes KW - Adsorption KW - Lanthanides KW - N.M.R. KW - NMR KW - pH effects KW - Minerals KW - pH KW - X 24390:Radioactive Materials KW - ENA 21:Wildlife UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808629140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Sciences%3A+Processes+and+Impacts&rft.atitle=A+novel+solid-state+NMR+method+for+the+investigation+of+trivalent+lanthanide+sorption+on+amorphous+silica+at+low+surface+loadings&rft.au=Mason%2C+HE%3BBegg%2C+J+D%3BMaxwell%2C+R+S%3BKersting%2C+AB%3BZavarin%2C+M&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=HE&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=802&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Sciences%3A+Processes+and+Impacts&rft.issn=20507887&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6em00082g LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sorption; Solubility; Silica; Adsorption; Radioisotopes; N.M.R.; Precipitation; Minerals; pH effects; Safety; Lanthanides; NMR; pH; Actinides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6em00082g ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metrics for the Diurnal Cycle of Precipitation: Toward Routine Benchmarks for Climate Models AN - 1846409616; PQ0003820220 AB - Metrics are proposed-that is, a few summary statistics that condense large amounts of data from observations or model simulations-encapsulating the diurnal cycle of precipitation. Vector area averaging of Fourier amplitude and phase produces useful information in a reasonably small number of harmonic dial plots, a procedure familiar from atmospheric tide research. The metrics cover most of the globe but down-weight high-latitude wintertime ocean areas where baroclinic waves are most prominent. This enables intercomparison of a large number of climate models with observations and with each other. The diurnal cycle of precipitation has features not encountered in typical climate model intercomparisons, notably the absence of meaningful "average model" results that can be displayed in a single two-dimensional map. Displaying one map per model guides development of the metrics proposed here by making it clear that land and ocean areas must be averaged separately, but interpreting maps from all models becomes problematic as the size of a multimodel ensemble increases. Global diurnal metrics provide quick comparisons with observations and among models, using the most recent version of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). This includes, for the first time in CMIP, spatial resolutions comparable to global satellite observations. Consistent with earlier studies of resolution versus parameterization of the diurnal cycle, the longstanding tendency of models to produce rainfall too early in the day persists in the high-resolution simulations, as expected if the error is due to subgrid-scale physics. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Covey, Curt AU - Gleckler, Peter J AU - Doutriaux, Charles AU - Williams, Dean N AU - Dai, Aiguo AU - Fasullo, John AU - Trenberth, Kevin AU - Berg, Alexis AD - Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 4461 EP - 4471 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 29 IS - 12 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Remote Sensing KW - Statistics KW - Baroclinic waves KW - Waves KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Diurnal precipitation variations KW - Modelling KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Satellite Technology KW - Climate models KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Atmospheric tides KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Vectors KW - Precipitation KW - Satellite data KW - Numerical simulations KW - Oceans KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) KW - Q2 09105:Research programmes and expeditions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846409616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Metrics+for+the+Diurnal+Cycle+of+Precipitation%3A+Toward+Routine+Benchmarks+for+Climate+Models&rft.au=Covey%2C+Curt%3BGleckler%2C+Peter+J%3BDoutriaux%2C+Charles%3BWilliams%2C+Dean+N%3BDai%2C+Aiguo%3BFasullo%2C+John%3BTrenberth%2C+Kevin%3BBerg%2C+Alexis&rft.aulast=Covey&rft.aufirst=Curt&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4461&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-15-0664.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Atmospheric tides; Climate; Vectors; Modelling; Satellite data; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Baroclinic waves; Precipitation; Diurnal precipitation variations; Remote Sensing; Satellite Technology; Statistics; Simulation Analysis; Oceans; Climates; Waves; Hydrologic Data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0664.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Significantly improving regional seismic amplitude tomography at higher frequencies by determining S-wave bandwidth AN - 1824215289; 2016-083603 AB - Characterizing regional seismic signals continues to be a difficult problem due to their variability. Calibration of these signals is very important to many aspects of monitoring underground nuclear explosions, including detecting seismic signals, discriminating explosions from earthquakes, and reliably estimating magnitude and yield. Amplitude tomography, which simultaneously inverts for source, propagation, and site effects, is a leading method of calibrating these signals. A major issue in amplitude tomography is the data quality of the input amplitude measurements. Pre-event and prephase signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) tests are typically used but can frequently include bad signals and exclude good signals. The deficiencies of SNR criteria, which are demonstrated here, lead to large calibration errors. To ameliorate these issues, we introduce a semiautomated approach to assess the bandwidth of a spectrum where it behaves physically. We determine the maximum frequency (denoted as F (sub max) ) where it deviates from this behavior due to inflections at which noise or spurious signals start to bias the spectra away from the expected decay. We compare two amplitude tomography runs using the SNR and new F (sub max) criteria and show significant improvements to the stability and accuracy of the tomography output for frequency bands higher than 2 Hz by using our assessments of valid S-wave bandwidth. We compare Q estimates, P/S residuals, and some detailed results to explain the improvements. For frequency bands higher than 4 Hz, needed for effective P/S discrimination of explosions from earthquakes, the new bandwidth criteria sufficiently fix the instabilities and errors so that the residuals and calibration terms are useful for application. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Fisk, Mark D AU - Pasyanos, Michael E Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 928 EP - 942 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 106 IS - 3 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - tomography KW - Iran KW - Iranian Plateau KW - elastic waves KW - calibration KW - data management KW - surface waves KW - Love waves KW - seismicity KW - propagation KW - algorithms KW - nuclear explosions KW - Asia KW - Middle East KW - seismograms KW - body waves KW - monitoring KW - guided waves KW - explosions KW - magnitude KW - information management KW - signal-to-noise ratio KW - seismic waves KW - seismic networks KW - earthquakes KW - S-waves KW - amplitude KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Significantly+improving+regional+seismic+amplitude+tomography+at+higher+frequencies+by+determining+S-wave+bandwidth&rft.au=Fisk%2C+Mark+D%3BPasyanos%2C+Michael+E&rft.aulast=Fisk&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=928&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0120150247 L2 - http://bssa.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; amplitude; Asia; body waves; calibration; data management; earthquakes; elastic waves; explosions; guided waves; information management; Iran; Iranian Plateau; Love waves; magnitude; Middle East; monitoring; nuclear explosions; propagation; S-waves; seismic networks; seismic waves; seismicity; seismograms; signal-to-noise ratio; surface waves; tomography DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120150247 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multifluid geo-energy systems: Using geologic CO sub(2) storage for geothermal energy production and grid-scale energy storage in sedimentary basins AN - 1808693362; PQ0003322937 AB - We present an approach that uses the huge fluid and thermal storage capacity of the subsurface, together with geologic carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) storage, to harvest, store, and dispatch energy from subsurface (geothermal) and surface (solar, nuclear, fossil) thermal resources, as well as excess energy on electric grids. Captured CO sub(2) is injected into saline aquifers to store pressure, generate artesian flow of brine, and provide a supplemental working fluid for efficient heat extraction and power conversion. Concentric rings of injection and production wells create a hydraulic mound to store pressure, CO sub(2), and thermal energy. This energy storage can take excess power from the grid and excess and/or waste thermal energy and dispatch that energy when it is demanded, and thus enable higher penetration of variable renewable energy technologies (e.g., wind and solar). CO sub(2) stored in the subsurface functions as a cushion gas to provide enormous pressure storage capacity and displace large quantities of brine, some of which can be treated for a variety of beneficial uses. Geothermal power and energy-storage applications may generate enough revenues to compensate for CO sub(2) capture costs. While our approach can use nitrogen (N sub(2)), in addition to CO sub(2), as a supplemental fluid, and store thermal energy, this study focuses on using CO sub(2) for geothermal energy production and grid-scale energy storage. We conduct a techno-economic assessment to determine the levelized cost of electricity using this approach to generate geothermal power. We present a reservoir pressure management strategy that diverts a small portion of the produced brine for beneficial consumptive use to reduce the pumping cost of fluid recirculation, while reducing the risk of seismicity, caprock fracture, and CO sub(2) leakage. JF - Geosphere AU - Buscheck, Thomas A AU - Bielicki, Jeffrey M AU - Edmunds, Thomas A AU - Hao, Yue AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Randolph, Jimmy B AU - Saar, Martin O AD - Atmospheric, Earth, and Energy Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, L-223, Livermore, California 94550, USA Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 678 EP - 696 PB - Geological Society of America, 3300 Penrose Place Boulder CO 80301 United States VL - 12 IS - 3 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Geothermal power KW - Reservoir KW - Resource management KW - Geothermal energy KW - Electricity KW - Beneficial Use KW - Storage Capacity KW - Sedimentary basins KW - Storage KW - Costs KW - Assessments KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Electric Power Production KW - Geothermal Power KW - Environment management KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Brines KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808693362?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geosphere&rft.atitle=Multifluid+geo-energy+systems%3A+Using+geologic+CO+sub%282%29+storage+for+geothermal+energy+production+and+grid-scale+energy+storage+in+sedimentary+basins&rft.au=Buscheck%2C+Thomas+A%3BBielicki%2C+Jeffrey+M%3BEdmunds%2C+Thomas+A%3BHao%2C+Yue%3BSun%2C+Yunwei%3BRandolph%2C+Jimmy+B%3BSaar%2C+Martin+O&rft.aulast=Buscheck&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=678&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geosphere&rft.issn=1553-040X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FGES01207.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reservoir; Geothermal power; Resource management; Geothermal energy; Electricity; Carbon dioxide; Environment management; Sedimentary basins; Brines; Costs; Storage; Assessments; Beneficial Use; Geothermal Power; Storage Capacity; Electric Power Production; Carbon Dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES01207.1 ER - TY - GEN T1 - These Tiny Capsules Fight Climate Change AN - 1792099674 JF - Breaking Energy AU - Anne M Stark | Senior Public Information Officer, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Y1 - 2016/05/27/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 May 27 CY - New York PB - SyndiGate Media Inc KW - Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1792099674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aabitrade&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Breaking+Energy&rft.atitle=These+Tiny+Capsules+Fight+Climate+Change&rft.au=Anne+M+Stark+%3B+Senior+Public+Information+Officer%2C+Lawrence+Livermore+National+Laboratory&rft.aulast=Anne+M+Stark+%7C+Senior+Public+Information+Officer&rft.aufirst=Lawrence+Livermore+National&rft.date=2016-05-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Breaking+Energy&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Copyright - Copyright © 2016 Breaking Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Provided by SyndiGate Media Inc. (Syndigate.info). N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermally driven advection for radioxenon transport from an underground nuclear explosion AN - 1824212968; 2016-083095 AB - Barometric pumping is a ubiquitous process resulting in migration of gases in the subsurface that has been studied as the primary mechanism for noble gas transport from an underground nuclear explosion (UNE). However, at early times following a UNE, advection driven by explosion residual heat is relevant to noble gas transport. A rigorous measure is needed for demonstrating how, when, and where advection is important. In this paper three physical processes of uncertain magnitude (oscillatory advection, matrix diffusion, and thermally driven advection) are parameterized by using boundary conditions, system properties, and source term strength. Sobol' sensitivity analysis is conducted to evaluate the importance of all physical processes influencing the xenon signals. This study indicates that thermally driven advection plays a more important role in producing xenon signals than oscillatory advection and matrix diffusion at early times following a UNE, and xenon isotopic ratios are observed to have both time and spatial dependence. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Carrigan, Charles R Y1 - 2016/05/16/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 May 16 SP - 4418 EP - 4425 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 43 IS - 9 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - United States KW - numerical models KW - underground space KW - isotopes KW - explosions KW - thermal properties KW - pumping KW - advection KW - xenon KW - gases KW - Nevada Test Site KW - Nevada National Security Site KW - physical properties KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - noble gases KW - tracers KW - nuclear explosions KW - Nevada KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824212968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Thermally+driven+advection+for+radioxenon+transport+from+an+underground+nuclear+explosion&rft.au=Sun%2C+Yunwei%3BCarrigan%2C+Charles+R&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Yunwei&rft.date=2016-05-16&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4418&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016GL068290 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291944-8007/issues LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; explosions; gases; isotopes; Nevada; Nevada National Security Site; Nevada Test Site; noble gases; nuclear explosions; numerical models; physical properties; pumping; radioactive isotopes; sensitivity analysis; thermal properties; tracers; transport; underground space; United States; xenon DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016GL068290 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alteration of natural (super 37) Ar activity concentration in the subsurface by gas transport and water infiltration AN - 1832594812; 773475-13 AB - High (super 37) Ar activity concentration in soil gas is proposed as a key evidence for the detection of underground nuclear explosion by the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty. However, such a detection is challenged by the natural background of (super 37) Ar in the subsurface, mainly due to Ca activation by cosmic rays. A better understanding and improved capability to predict (super 37) Ar activity concentration in the subsurface and its spatial and temporal variability is thus required. A numerical model integrating (super 37) Ar production and transport in the subsurface is developed, including variable soil water content and water infiltration at the surface. A parameterized equation for (super 37) Ar production in the first 15 m below the surface is studied, taking into account the major production reactions and the moderation effect of soil water content. Using sensitivity analysis and uncertainty quantification, a realistic and comprehensive probability distribution of natural (super 37) Ar activity concentrations in soil gas is proposed, including the effects of water infiltration. Site location and soil composition are identified as the parameters allowing for a most effective reduction of the possible range of (super 37) Ar activity concentrations. The influence of soil water content on (super 37) Ar production is shown to be negligible to first order, while (super 37) Ar activity concentration in soil gas and its temporal variability appear to be strongly influenced by transient water infiltration events. These results will be used as a basis for practical CTBTO concepts of operation during an OSI. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Guillon, Sophie AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Purtschert, Roland AU - Raghoo, Lauren AU - Pili, Eric AU - Carrigan, Charles R Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 89 EP - 96 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 155-156 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - geologic hazards KW - underground space KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - Ar-37 KW - ground water KW - radioactive fallout KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - noble gases KW - movement KW - cosmic rays KW - nuclear explosions KW - water pollution KW - uncertainty KW - water KW - granulometry KW - soil profiles KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - explosions KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - depth KW - argon KW - infiltration KW - mathematical methods KW - natural hazards KW - temporal distribution KW - mobilization KW - soil gases KW - Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832594812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Alteration+of+natural+%28super+37%29+Ar+activity+concentration+in+the+subsurface+by+gas+transport+and+water+infiltration&rft.au=Guillon%2C+Sophie%3BSun%2C+Yunwei%3BPurtschert%2C+Roland%3BRaghoo%2C+Lauren%3BPili%2C+Eric%3BCarrigan%2C+Charles+R&rft.aulast=Guillon&rft.aufirst=Sophie&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=155-156&rft.issue=&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvrad.2016.02.021 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ar-37; argon; Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty; cosmic rays; depth; explosions; gaseous phase; geologic hazards; granulometry; ground water; infiltration; isotopes; mathematical methods; mobilization; movement; natural hazards; noble gases; nuclear explosions; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; radioactive fallout; radioactive isotopes; radioactivity; sensitivity analysis; soil gases; soil profiles; temporal distribution; transport; uncertainty; underground space; water; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.02.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty quantification for discrimination of nuclear events as violations of the comprehensive nuclear Test Ban Treaty AN - 1832587329; 773475-18 AB - Enforcement of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) will involve monitoring for radiologic indicators of underground nuclear explosions (UNEs). A UNE produces a variety of radioisotopes which then decay through connected radionuclide chains. A particular species of interest is xenon, namely the four isotopes (super 131m) Xe, (super 133m) Xe, (super 133) Xe, and (super 135) Xe. Due to their half lives, some of these isotopes can exist in the subsurface for more than 100 days. This convenient timescale, combined with modern detection capabilities, makes the xenon family a desirable candidate for UNE detection. Ratios of these isotopes as a function of time have been studied in the past for distinguishing nuclear explosions from civilian nuclear applications. However, the initial yields from UNEs have been treated as fixed values. In reality, these independent yields are uncertain to a large degree. This study quantifies the uncertainty in xenon ratios as a result of these uncertain initial conditions to better bound the values that xenon ratios can assume. We have successfully used a combination of analytical and sampling based statistical methods to reliably bound xenon isotopic ratios. We have also conducted a sensitivity analysis and found that xenon isotopic ratios are primarily sensitive to only a few of many uncertain initial conditions. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Sloan, Jamison AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Carrigan, Charles Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 130 EP - 139 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 155-156 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - underground space KW - isotopes KW - explosions KW - radioactivity KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - radioactive decay KW - xenon KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - noble gases KW - mathematical methods KW - natural hazards KW - probability KW - nuclear explosions KW - fallout KW - uncertainty KW - Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832587329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+quantification+for+discrimination+of+nuclear+events+as+violations+of+the+comprehensive+nuclear+Test+Ban+Treaty&rft.au=Sloan%2C+Jamison%3BSun%2C+Yunwei%3BCarrigan%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Sloan&rft.aufirst=Jamison&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=155-156&rft.issue=&rft.spage=130&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvrad.2016.02.022 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty; explosions; fallout; isotopes; mathematical methods; natural hazards; noble gases; nuclear explosions; pollutants; pollution; probability; radioactive decay; radioactive isotopes; radioactivity; statistical analysis; uncertainty; underground space; xenon DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.02.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal drawdown-induced flow channeling in a single fracture in EGS AN - 1819894187; 2016-080245 AB - The evolution of flow pattern along a single fracture and its effects on heat production is a fundamental problem in the assessments of engineered geothermal systems (EGS). The channelized flow pattern associated with ubiquitous heterogeneity in fracture aperture distribution causes non-uniform temperature decrease in the rock body, which makes the flow increasingly concentrated into some preferential paths through the action of thermal stress. This mechanism may cause rapid heat production deterioration of EGS reservoirs. In this study, we investigated the effects of aperture heterogeneity on flow pattern evolution in a single fracture in a low-permeability crystalline formation. We developed a numerical model on the platform of GEOS to simulate the coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical processes in a penny-shaped fracture accessed via an injection well and a production well. We find that aperture heterogeneity generally exacerbates flow channeling and reservoir performance generally decreases with longer correlation length of aperture field. The expected production life is highly variable (5 years to beyond 30 years) when the aperture correlation length is longer than 1/5 of the well distance, whereas a heterogeneous fracture behaves similar to a homogeneous one when the correlation length is much shorter than the well distance. Besides, the mean production life decreases with greater aperture standard deviation only when the correlation length is relatively long. Although flow channeling is inevitable, initial aperture fields and well locations that enable tortuous preferential paths tend to deliver long heat production lives. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Guo, Bin AU - Fu, Pengcheng AU - Hao, Yue AU - Peters, Catherine A AU - Carrigan, Charles R Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 46 EP - 62 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 61 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - numerical models KW - statistical analysis KW - fluid flow KW - mathematical models KW - geothermal engineering KW - enhanced recovery KW - boundary conditions KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - fluid injection KW - drawdown KW - geothermal systems KW - crystalline rocks KW - thermomechanical properties KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819894187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Thermal+drawdown-induced+flow+channeling+in+a+single+fracture+in+EGS&rft.au=Guo%2C+Bin%3BFu%2C+Pengcheng%3BHao%2C+Yue%3BPeters%2C+Catherine+A%3BCarrigan%2C+Charles+R&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=Bin&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=&rft.spage=46&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2016.01.004 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 85 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; crystalline rocks; drawdown; enhanced recovery; fluid flow; fluid injection; geothermal energy; geothermal engineering; geothermal fields; geothermal systems; hydraulic conductivity; mathematical models; numerical models; permeability; statistical analysis; thermomechanical properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2016.01.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-series analysis of surface deformation at Brady Hot Springs geothermal field (Nevada) using interferometric synthetic aperture radar AN - 1819893996; 2016-080248 AB - We analyze interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data acquired between 2004 and 2014, by the ERS-2, Envisat, ALOS and TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X satellite missions to measure and characterize time-dependent deformation at the Brady Hot Springs geothermal field in western Nevada due to extraction of fluids. The long axis of the approximately 4 km by approximately 1.5 km elliptical subsiding area coincides with the strike of the dominant normal fault system at Brady. Within this bowl of subsidence, the interference pattern shows several smaller features with length scales of the order of approximately 1 km. This signature occurs consistently in all of the well-correlated interferometric pairs spanning several months. Results from inverse modeling suggest that the deformation is a result of volumetric contraction in shallow units, no deeper than 600 m, likely associated with damaged regions where fault segments mechanically interact. Such damaged zones are expected to extend downward along steeply dipping fault planes, providing a high permeability conduit to the production wells. Using time series analysis, we test the hypothesis that geothermal production drives the observed deformation. We find a good correlation between the observed deformation rate and the rate of production in the shallow wells. We also explore mechanisms that could potentially cause the observed deformation, including thermal contraction of rock, decline in pore pressure and dissolution of minerals over time. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Ali, S T AU - Akerley, J AU - Baluyut, E C AU - Cardiff, M AU - Davatzes, N C AU - Feigl, Kurt L AU - Foxall, W AU - Fratta, D AU - Mellors, R J AU - Spielman, P AU - Wang, H F AU - Zemach, E Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 114 EP - 120 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 61 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - time series analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - radar methods KW - mathematical models KW - geothermal engineering KW - Brady Hot Springs KW - thermal waters KW - ground water KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - Hot Springs Mountains KW - SAR KW - springs KW - InSAR KW - hot springs KW - Nevada KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819893996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Time-series+analysis+of+surface+deformation+at+Brady+Hot+Springs+geothermal+field+%28Nevada%29+using+interferometric+synthetic+aperture+radar&rft.au=Ali%2C+S+T%3BAkerley%2C+J%3BBaluyut%2C+E+C%3BCardiff%2C+M%3BDavatzes%2C+N+C%3BFeigl%2C+Kurt+L%3BFoxall%2C+W%3BFratta%2C+D%3BMellors%2C+R+J%3BSpielman%2C+P%3BWang%2C+H+F%3BZemach%2C+E&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=&rft.spage=114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2016.01.008 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brady Hot Springs; geothermal energy; geothermal engineering; geothermal fields; ground water; hot springs; Hot Springs Mountains; InSAR; mathematical models; Nevada; radar methods; SAR; springs; statistical analysis; thermal waters; time series analysis; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2016.01.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cyanobacterial reuse of extracellular organic carbon in microbial mats AN - 1794501745; PQ0002948878 AB - Cyanobacterial organic matter excretion is crucial to carbon cycling in many microbial communities, but the nature and bioavailability of this C depend on unknown physiological functions. Cyanobacteria-dominated hypersaline laminated mats are a useful model ecosystem for the study of C flow in complex communities, as they use photosynthesis to sustain a more or less closed system. Although such mats have a large C reservoir in the extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), the production and degradation of organic carbon is not well defined. To identify extracellular processes in cyanobacterial mats, we examined mats collected from Elkhorn Slough (ES) at Monterey Bay, California, for glycosyl and protein composition of the EPS. We found a prevalence of simple glucose polysaccharides containing either alpha or beta (1,4) linkages, indicating distinct sources of glucose with differing enzymatic accessibility. Using proteomics, we identified cyanobacterial extracellular enzymes, and also detected activities that indicate a capacity for EPS degradation. In a less complex system, we characterized the EPS of a cyanobacterial isolate from ES, ESFC-1, and found the extracellular composition of biofilms produced by this unicyanobacterial culture were similar to that of natural mats. By tracing isotopically labeled EPS into single cells of ESFC-1, we demonstrated rapid incorporation of extracellular-derived carbon. Taken together, these results indicate cyanobacteria reuse excess organic carbon, constituting a dynamic pool of extracellular resources in these mats. JF - ISME Journal AU - Stuart, Rhona K AU - Mayali, Xavier AU - Lee, Jackson Z AU - Craig Everroad, R AU - Hwang, Mona AU - Bebout, Brad M AU - Weber, Peter K AU - Pett-Ridge, Jennifer AU - Thelen, Michael P AD - Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 1240 EP - 1251 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 10 IS - 5 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Extracellular enzymes KW - Photosynthesis KW - Organic matter KW - Carbon cycle KW - Glucose KW - Cell culture KW - Polysaccharides KW - Cyanobacteria KW - Carbon KW - Protein composition KW - Excretion KW - proteomics KW - Biofilms KW - Microbial mats KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1794501745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISME+Journal&rft.atitle=Cyanobacterial+reuse+of+extracellular+organic+carbon+in+microbial+mats&rft.au=Stuart%2C+Rhona+K%3BMayali%2C+Xavier%3BLee%2C+Jackson+Z%3BCraig+Everroad%2C+R%3BHwang%2C+Mona%3BBebout%2C+Brad+M%3BWeber%2C+Peter+K%3BPett-Ridge%2C+Jennifer%3BThelen%2C+Michael+P&rft.aulast=Stuart&rft.aufirst=Rhona&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2015.180 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Extracellular enzymes; Photosynthesis; Organic matter; Glucose; Carbon cycle; Cell culture; Polysaccharides; Carbon; Protein composition; Excretion; Biofilms; proteomics; Microbial mats; Cyanobacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.180 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deflection by kinetic impact; sensitivity to asteroid properties AN - 1789753526; 2016-040209 JF - Icarus AU - Syal, Megan Bruck AU - Owen, J Michael AU - Miller, Paul L Y1 - 2016/05/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 May 01 SP - 50 EP - 61 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 269 SN - 0019-1035, 0019-1035 KW - cratering KW - shear strength KW - power law KW - asteroids KW - near-Earth asteroids KW - orbits KW - simulation KW - hypervelocity impacts KW - dynamics KW - rotation KW - deflection KW - velocity KW - hydrodynamics KW - equations of state KW - kinetics KW - uncertainty KW - orientation KW - near-Earth objects KW - numerical models KW - strength KW - damage KW - impacts KW - ejecta KW - porosity KW - natural hazards KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789753526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.atitle=Deflection+by+kinetic+impact%3B+sensitivity+to+asteroid+properties&rft.au=Syal%2C+Megan+Bruck%3BOwen%2C+J+Michael%3BMiller%2C+Paul+L&rft.aulast=Syal&rft.aufirst=Megan&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=269&rft.issue=&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Icarus&rft.issn=00191035&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2016.01.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00191035 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - ICRSA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asteroids; cratering; damage; deflection; dynamics; ejecta; equations of state; hydrodynamics; hypervelocity impacts; impacts; kinetics; natural hazards; near-Earth asteroids; near-Earth objects; numerical models; orbits; orientation; porosity; power law; rotation; shear strength; simulation; strength; uncertainty; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2016.01.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Frequency of Acentric Fragments Are Associated with Cancer Risk in Subjects Exposed to Ionizing Radiation. AN - 1785743716; 27127157 AB - BACKGROUND/AIMBiomonitoring is currently applied in the estimation of health risks after overexposure to ionizing radiation (IR). The aim of this study was to compare the association of dicentric chromosomes and acentric fragments (AF) with cancer risk in subjects exposed to IR, as well as in control subjects.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe study was performed on 3,574 subjects (2,030 subjects exposed to IR and 1,544 control subjects). The mean follow-up period was 8 years.RESULTSIn subjects reporting exposure to IR, the presence of AFs and dicentric chromosomes was associated with a significant increase in cancer risk, hazard ratio (HR)=1.78 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.01-3.13) and HR=1.73 (95% CI=1.03-2.90), respectively.CONCLUSIONAFs are associated with cancer risk and have a similar sensitivity to dicentric chromosomes in subjects exposed to IR. Because automated AF scoring can be easily introduced using fast flow cytometry combined with the pan-centromere staining, this biomarker may hold promise as a potential sensitive biomarker of exposure to IR and cancer risk. JF - Anticancer research AU - Fucic, Aleksandra AU - Bonassi, Stefano AU - Gundy, Sarolta AU - Lazutka, Juozas AU - Sram, Radim AU - Ceppi, Marcello AU - Lucas, Joe N AD - Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia afucic@imi.hr. ; Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy. ; National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary. ; Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania. ; Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic. ; IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, Genoa, Italy. ; University of California, Emeritus, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, U.S.A. Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 2451 EP - 2457 VL - 36 IS - 5 KW - Index Medicus KW - carcinogenesis KW - chromosome damage KW - Ionizing radiation KW - cancer risk KW - chromosomal aberrations KW - acentric fragments KW - Humans KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- genetics KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Radiation, Ionizing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1785743716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anticancer+research&rft.atitle=Frequency+of+Acentric+Fragments+Are+Associated+with+Cancer+Risk+in+Subjects+Exposed+to+Ionizing+Radiation.&rft.au=Fucic%2C+Aleksandra%3BBonassi%2C+Stefano%3BGundy%2C+Sarolta%3BLazutka%2C+Juozas%3BSram%2C+Radim%3BCeppi%2C+Marcello%3BLucas%2C+Joe+N&rft.aulast=Fucic&rft.aufirst=Aleksandra&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Anticancer+research&rft.issn=1791-7530&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2017-01-30 N1 - Date created - 2016-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advanced geophysical underground coal gasification monitoring AN - 1808620704; PQ0003246601 AB - Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) produces less surface impact, atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gas than traditional surface mining and combustion. Therefore, it may be useful in mitigating global change caused by anthropogenic activities. Careful monitoring of the UCG process is essential in minimizing environmental impact. Here we first summarize monitoring methods that have been used in previous UCG field trials. We then discuss in more detail a number of promising advanced geophysical techniques. These methods - seismic, electromagnetic, and remote sensing techniques - may provide improved and cost-effective ways to image both the subsurface cavity growth and surface subsidence effects. Active and passive seismic data have the promise to monitor the burn front, cavity growth, and observe cavity collapse events. Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) produces near real time tomographic images autonomously, monitors the burn front and images the cavity using low-cost sensors, typically running within boreholes. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is a remote sensing technique that has the capability to monitor surface subsidence over the wide area of a commercial-scale UCG operation at a low cost. It may be possible to infer cavity geometry from InSAR (or other surface topography) data using geomechanical modeling. The expected signals from these monitoring methods are described along with interpretive modeling for typical UCG cavities. They are illustrated using field results from UCG trials and other relevant subsurface operations. JF - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change AU - Mellors, Robert AU - Yang, X AU - White, JA AU - Ramirez, A AU - Wagoner, J AU - Camp, D W AD - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA, mellors1@llnl.gov Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 487 EP - 500 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 1381-2386, 1381-2386 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts KW - Remote Sensing KW - Burns KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Climate change KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Remote sensing KW - Coal KW - Boreholes KW - Growth KW - Monitoring methods KW - Pollutants KW - Economics KW - Gasification KW - Subsidence KW - Geophysics KW - Topography KW - Coal Gasification KW - Environmental impact KW - Collapse KW - Model Studies KW - Combustion KW - Methodology KW - Air pollution KW - Adaptability KW - Synthetic aperture radar KW - Mine Wastes KW - Monitoring KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808620704?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.atitle=Advanced+geophysical+underground+coal+gasification+monitoring&rft.au=Mellors%2C+Robert%3BYang%2C+X%3BWhite%2C+JA%3BRamirez%2C+A%3BWagoner%2C+J%3BCamp%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Mellors&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.issn=13812386&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11027-014-9584-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; Growth; Synthetic aperture radar; Climate change; Subsidence; Remote sensing; Coal; Boreholes; Methodology; Burns; Anthropogenic factors; Environmental impact; Combustion; Air pollution; Adaptability; Monitoring methods; Gasification; Economics; Geophysics; Topography; Remote Sensing; Coal Gasification; Pollutants; Collapse; Mine Wastes; Monitoring; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11027-014-9584-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Industrial-era global ocean heat uptake doubles in recent decades AN - 1787965176; PQ0002932878 AB - Formal detection and attribution studies have used observations and climate models to identify an anthropogenic warming signature in the upper (0-700m) ocean. Recently, as a result of the so-called surface warming hiatus, there has been considerable interest in global ocean heat content (OHC) changes in the deeper ocean, including natural and anthropogenically forced changes identified in observational, modelling and data re-analysis studies. Here, we examine OHC changes in the context of the Earth's global energy budget since early in the industrial era (circa 1865-2015) for a range of depths. We rely on OHC change estimates from a diverse collection of measurement systems including data from the nineteenth-century Challenger expedition, a multi-decadal record of ship-based in situ mostly upper-ocean measurements, the more recent near-global Argo floats profiling to intermediate (2,000m) depths, and full-depth repeated transoceanic sections. We show that the multi-model mean constructed from the current generation of historically forced climate models is consistent with the OHC changes from this diverse collection of observational systems. Our model-based analysis suggests that nearly half of the industrial-era increases in global OHC have occurred in recent decades, with over a third of the accumulated heat occurring below 700m and steadily rising. JF - Nature Climate Change AU - Gleckler, Peter J AU - Durack, Paul J AU - Stouffer, Ronald J AU - Johnson, Gregory C AU - Forest, Chris E AD - Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue Livermore, California 94550, USA Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 394 EP - 398 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 1758-678X, 1758-678X KW - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Climate models KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Energy budget KW - Oceans KW - Energy KW - Uptake KW - Global warming KW - Expeditions KW - Oceanographic data KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787965176?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.atitle=Industrial-era+global+ocean+heat+uptake+doubles+in+recent+decades&rft.au=Gleckler%2C+Peter+J%3BDurack%2C+Paul+J%3BStouffer%2C+Ronald+J%3BJohnson%2C+Gregory+C%3BForest%2C+Chris+E&rft.aulast=Gleckler&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=394&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.issn=1758678X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnclimate2915 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate models; Climate change; Global warming; Energy budget; Oceanographic data; Historical account; Energy; Oceans; Climate; Anthropogenic factors; Uptake; Expeditions DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2915 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of boundary-layer wind predictions during nocturnal low-level jet events using the Weather Research and Forecasting model AN - 1776656840; PQ0002776090 AB - The accuracy of boundary-layer wind profiles occurring during nocturnal low-level jet (LLJ) events, and their sensitivities to variations of user-specifiable model configuration parameters within the Weather Research and Forecasting model, was investigated. Simulations were compared against data from a wind-profiling lidar, deployed to the Northern Great Plains during the U.S. Department of Energy-supported Weather Forecast Improvement Project. Two periods during the autumn of 2011 featuring LLJs of similar magnitudes and durations occurring during several consecutive nights were selected for analysis. Simulated wind speed and direction at 80 and 180m above the surface, the former a typical wind turbine hub height, bulk vertical gradients between 40 and 120m, a typical rotor span, and the maximum wind speeds occurring at 80 and 180m, and their times of occurrence, were compared with the observations. Sensitivities of these parameters to the horizontal and vertical grid spacing, planetary boundary layer and land surface model physics options, and atmospheric forcing dataset, were assessed using ensembles encompassing changes of each of these configuration parameters. Each simulation captured the diurnal cycle of wind speed and stratification, producing LLJs during each overnight period; however, large discrepancies in relation to the observations were frequently observed, with each ensemble producing a wide range of distributions, reflecting highly variable representations of stratification during the weakly stable overnight conditions. Root mean square error and bias values computed over the LLJ cycle (late evening through the following morning) revealed that, while some configurations performed better or worse in different aspects and at different times, none exhibited definitively superior performance. The considerable root mean square error and bias values, even among the 'best' performing simulations, underscore the need for improved simulation capabilities for the prediction of near-surface winds during LLJ conditions. JF - Wind Energy AU - Mirocha, J D AU - Simpson, MD AU - Fast, J D AU - Berg, L K AU - Baskett, R L AD - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA. Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 739 EP - 762 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 19 IS - 4 SN - 1095-4244, 1095-4244 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Diurnal variations KW - Sensitivity KW - Weather KW - Plains KW - Lidar KW - Velocity KW - Simulation KW - Stratification KW - Wind energy KW - Boundary layers KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Wind KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776656840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wind+Energy&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+boundary-layer+wind+predictions+during+nocturnal+low-level+jet+events+using+the+Weather+Research+and+Forecasting+model&rft.au=Mirocha%2C+J+D%3BSimpson%2C+MD%3BFast%2C+J+D%3BBerg%2C+L+K%3BBaskett%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Mirocha&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=739&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wind+Energy&rft.issn=10954244&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwe.1862 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Weather; Sensitivity; Diurnal variations; Plains; Simulation; Velocity; Lidar; Stratification; Wind energy; Boundary layers; Atmospheric forcing; Wind DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/we.1862 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disposition of the Dietary Mutagen 2-Amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline in Healthy and Pancreatic Cancer Compromised Humans. AN - 1775178926; 26918625 AB - Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the U.S. Once diagnosed, prognosis is poor with a 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. Exposure to carcinogenic heterocyclic amines (HCAs) derived from cooked meat has been shown to be positively associated with pancreatic cancer risk. To evaluate the processes that determine the carcinogenic potential of HCAs for human pancreas, 14-carbon labeled 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), a putative human carcinogenic HCA found in well-done cooked meat, was administered at a dietary relevant dose to human volunteers diagnosed with pancreatic cancer undergoing partial pancreatectomy and healthy control volunteers. After (14)C-MeIQx exposure, blood and urine were collected for pharmacokinetic and metabolite analysis. MeIQx-DNA adducts levels were quantified by accelerator mass spectrometry from pancreatic tissue excised during surgery from the cancer patient group. Pharmacokinetic analysis of plasma revealed a rapid distribution of MeIQx with a plasma elimination half-life of approximately 3.5 h in 50% of the cancer patients and all of the control volunteers. In 2 of the 4 cancer patients, very low levels of MeIQx were detected in plasma and urine suggesting low absorption from the gut into the plasma. Urinary metabolite analysis revealed five MeIQx metabolites with 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline-8-carboxylic acid being the most abundant accounting for 25%-50% of the recovered 14-carbon/mL urine. There was no discernible difference in metabolite levels between the cancer patient volunteers and the control group. MeIQx-DNA adduct analysis of pancreas and duodenum tissue revealed adduct levels indistinguishable from background levels. Although other meat-derived HCA mutagens have been shown to bind DNA in pancreatic tissue, indicating that exposure to HCAs from cooked meat cannot be discounted as a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, the results from this current study show that exposure to a single dietary dose of MeIQx does not readily form measurable DNA adducts under the conditions of the experiment. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Malfatti, Michael A AU - Kuhn, Edward A AU - Turteltaub, Kenneth W AU - Vickers, Selwyn M AU - Jensen, Eric H AU - Strayer, Lori AU - Anderson, Kristin E AD - Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , 7000 East Avenue, L-452, Livermore, California 94550, United States. ; University of Alabama , 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, Alabama 35233, United States. ; University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States. Y1 - 2016/03/21/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Mar 21 SP - 352 EP - 358 VL - 29 IS - 3 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Quinoxalines KW - 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoxaline KW - 77500-04-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - DNA Adducts -- blood KW - Humans KW - Pancreatectomy KW - Case-Control Studies KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism KW - DNA Adducts -- urine KW - Quinoxalines -- blood KW - Pancreatic Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Pancreatic Neoplasms -- blood KW - Mutagens -- analysis KW - Quinoxalines -- urine KW - Quinoxalines -- pharmacokinetics KW - Mutagens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Quinoxalines -- administration & dosage KW - Mutagens -- administration & dosage KW - Pancreatic Neoplasms -- urine KW - Pancreatic Neoplasms -- surgery KW - Diet -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1775178926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Disposition+of+the+Dietary+Mutagen+2-Amino-3%2C8-dimethylimidazo%5B4%2C5-f%5Dquinoxaline+in+Healthy+and+Pancreatic+Cancer+Compromised+Humans.&rft.au=Malfatti%2C+Michael+A%3BKuhn%2C+Edward+A%3BTurteltaub%2C+Kenneth+W%3BVickers%2C+Selwyn+M%3BJensen%2C+Eric+H%3BStrayer%2C+Lori%3BAnderson%2C+Kristin+E&rft.aulast=Malfatti&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2016-03-21&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=1520-5010&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.chemrestox.5b00495 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2017-01-27 N1 - Date created - 2016-03-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Chem Res Toxicol. 2001 Feb;14(2):211-21 [11258970] CA Cancer J Clin. 2014 Jan-Feb;64(1):9-29 [24399786] Mutat Res. 2002 Sep 30;506-507:225-31 [12351162] Am J Epidemiol. 2003 Mar 1;157(5):434-45 [12615608] Anal Chem. 2003 May 1;75(9):2192-6 [12720362] Carcinogenesis. 1987 May;8(5):665-8 [3581424] Carcinogenesis. 1989 Mar;10(3):601-3 [2924403] Jpn J Cancer Res. 1989 Dec;80(12):1145-8 [2516840] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jul;87(14):5288-92 [2371271] Jpn J Cancer Res. 1990 May;81(5):470-6 [2116395] Cancer Res. 1992 Apr 1;52(7 Suppl):2092s-2098s [1544146] Cancer Res. 1992 Sep 1;52(17):4682-7 [1511434] Cancer Res. 1992 Nov 15;52(22):6216-23 [1423264] J Gastroenterol. 1996 Feb;31(1):81-5 [8808433] Mutat Res. 1997 May 12;376(1-2):243-52 [9202761] Cancer Res. 1997 Aug 15;57(16):3457-64 [9270013] Mutat Res. 1997 Aug 1;378(1-2):13-22 [9288881] Anal Chem. 1995 Jun 1;67(11):353A-359A [9306729] Carcinogenesis. 1997 Dec;18(12):2421-7 [9450490] Chem Res Toxicol. 1998 Mar;11(3):217-25 [9544620] Int J Cancer. 1999 Feb 9;80(4):539-45 [9935154] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005 Sep;14(9):2261-5 [16172241] J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005 Oct 5;97(19):1458-65 [16204695] Cancer Res. 2005 Dec 15;65(24):11779-84 [16357191] Biomarkers. 2006 Jul-Aug;11(4):319-28 [16908439] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007 Apr;16(4):655-61 [17416754] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007 Dec;16(12):2664-75 [18086772] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008 Nov;17(11):3098-107 [18990750] Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Nov;37(11):2123-6 [19666988] Nutr Cancer. 2009;61(4):437-46 [19838915] Mol Carcinog. 2012 Jan;51(1):128-37 [22162237] Chem Res Toxicol. 2012 Feb 20;25(2):410-21 [22118226] Carcinogenesis. 2012 Jul;33(7):1332-9 [22552404] Int J Cancer. 2013 Feb 1;132(3):617-24 [22610753] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2013 Jul;22(7):1336-9 [23632817] Nutr Cancer. 2013;65(8):1141-50 [24168237] Anticancer Res. 2014 Jan;34(1):9-21 [24403441] Mutat Res. 2002 Sep 30;506-507:175-85 [12351157] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00495 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale test of dynamic correlation processors; implications for correlation-based seismic pipelines AN - 1780805172; 2016-034554 AB - Correlation detectors are of considerable interest to seismic monitoring communities because they offer reduced detection thresholds and combine detection, location, and identification functions into a single operation. They appear to be ideal for applications requiring screening of frequent repeating events. But questions remain about how broadly empirical correlation methods are applicable. We describe the effectiveness of banks of correlation detectors in a system that combines traditional power detectors with correlation detectors in terms of efficiency, which we define to be the fraction of events detected by the correlators. This article elaborates and extends the concept of a dynamic correlation detection framework-a system that autonomously creates correlation detectors from event waveforms detected by power detectors and reports observed performance on a network of arrays in terms of efficiency. We performed a large-scale test of dynamic correlation processors on an 11 TB global dataset using 25 arrays in the 1-3 Hz frequency band. The system found over 3.2 million unique signals and produced 459,747 screened detections. A very satisfying result is that, on average, efficiency grows with time and, after nearly 16 years of operation, exceeds 47% for events observed over all distance ranges and approaches 70% for near-regional and 90% for local events. This suggests that future pipeline architectures should make extensive use of correlation detectors, principally for decluttering observations of local and near-regional events. Our results also suggest that future operations based on correlation detection will require commodity large-scale computing infrastructure, because the numbers of correlators in an autonomous system can grow into the hundreds of thousands. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Dodge, D A AU - Harris, D B Y1 - 2016/03/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Mar 15 SP - 435 EP - 452 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - United States KW - seismograms KW - precursors KW - technology KW - correlation KW - information management KW - data management KW - California KW - seismicity KW - focus KW - algorithms KW - seismic networks KW - earthquakes KW - instruments KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780805172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Large-scale+test+of+dynamic+correlation+processors%3B+implications+for+correlation-based+seismic+pipelines&rft.au=Dodge%2C+D+A%3BHarris%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Dodge&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2016-03-15&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=435&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0120150254 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; California; correlation; data management; earthquakes; focus; information management; instruments; precursors; seismic networks; seismicity; seismograms; technology; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120150254 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defects, Entropy, and the Stabilization of Alternative Phase Boundary Orientations in Battery Electrode Particles AN - 1800495332; PQ0002847291 AB - Using a novel statistical approach that efficiently explores the space of possible defect configurations, the present study investigates the chemomechanical coupling between interfacial structural defects and phase boundary alignments within phase-separating electrode particles. Applied to the battery cathode material Li sub(X)FePO sub(4) as an example, the theoretical analysis reveals that small, defect-induced deviations from an ideal interface can lead to dramatic shifts in the orientations of phase boundaries between Li-rich and Li-lean phases, stabilizing otherwise unfavorable orientations. Significantly, this stabilization arises predominantly from configurational entropic factors associated with the presence of the interfacial defects rather than from absolute energetic considerations. The specific entropic factors pertain to the diversity of defect configurations and their contributions to rotational/orientational rigidity of phase boundaries. Comparison of the predictions with experimental observations indicates that the additional entropy contributions indeed play a dominant role under actual cycling conditions, leading to the conclusion that interfacial defects must be considered when analyzing the stability and evolution kinetics of the internal phase microstructure of strongly phase-separating systems. Possible implications for tuning the kinetics of (de)lithiation based on selective defect incorporation are discussed. This understanding can be generalized to the chemomechanics of other defective solid phase boundaries. The thermodynamic and kinetic stabilization of defect-containing phase boundary orientations in energy storage materials is theoretically investigated using a statistical approach. Application to Li sub(X)FePO sub(4) produces a probability landscape of preferred Li-rich/Li-lean phase boundary orientations, which reveals two new configurational entropic factors associated with the defective interface. The importance of these entropic factors in the stabilization under actual operating conditions is identified by comparison with available experimental observations. JF - Advanced Energy Materials AU - Heo, Tae Wook AU - Tang, Ming AU - Chen, Long-Qing AU - Wood, Brandon C AD - Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA. Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - [np] PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 6 SN - 1614-6832, 1614-6832 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Phase boundaries KW - Orientation KW - Stabilization KW - Electrodes KW - Battery KW - Deviation KW - Entropy KW - Defects KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800495332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.atitle=Defects%2C+Entropy%2C+and+the+Stabilization+of+Alternative+Phase+Boundary+Orientations+in+Battery+Electrode+Particles&rft.au=Heo%2C+Tae+Wook%3BTang%2C+Ming%3BChen%2C+Long-Qing%3BWood%2C+Brandon+C&rft.aulast=Heo&rft.aufirst=Tae&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=%5Bnp%5D&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.issn=16146832&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Faenm.201501759 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201501759 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solvent-directed sol-gel assembly of 3-dimensional graphene-tented metal oxides and strong synergistic disparities in lithium storage AN - 1798737455; PQ0003133503 AB - Graphene/metal oxide (GMO) nanocomposites promise a broad range of utilities for lithium ion batteries (LIBs), pseudocapacitors, catalysts, and sensors. When applied as anodes for LIBs, GMOs often exhibit high capacity, improved rate capability and cycling performance. Numerous studies have attributed these favorable properties to a passive role played by the exceptional electronic and mechanical properties of graphene in enabling metal oxides (MOs) to achieve near-theoretical capacities. In contrast, the effects of MOs on the active lithium storage mechanisms of graphene remain enigmatic. Viaa unique two-step solvent-directed sol-gel process, we have synthesized and directly compared the electrochemical performance of several representative GMOs, namely Fe sub(2)O sub(3)/graphene, SnO sub(2)/graphene, and TiO sub(2)/graphene. We observe that MOs can play an equally important role in empowering graphene to achieve large reversible lithium storage capacity. The magnitude of capacity improvement is found to scale roughly with the surface coverage of MOs, and depend sensitively on the type of MOs. We define a synergistic factor based on the capacity contributions. Our quantitative assessments indicate that the synergistic effect is most achievable in conversion-reaction GMOs (Fe sub(2)O sub(3)/graphene and SnO sub(2)/graphene) but not in intercalation-based TiO sub(2)/graphene. However, a long cycle stability up to 2000 cycles was observed in TiO sub(2)/graphene nanocomposites. We propose a surface coverage model to qualitatively rationalize the beneficial roles of MOs to graphene. Our first-principles calculations further suggest that the extra lithium storage sites could result from the formation of Li sub(2)O at the interface with graphene during the conversion-reaction. These results suggest an effective pathway for reversible lithium storage in graphene and shift design paradigms for graphene-based electrodes. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Ye, Jianchao AU - An, Yonghao AU - Montalvo, Elizabeth AU - Campbell, Patrick G AU - Worsley, Marcus A AU - Tran, Ich C AU - Liu, Yuanyue AU - Wood, Brandon C AU - Biener, Juergen AU - Jiang, Hanqing AU - Tang, Ming AU - Wang, YMorris AD - Physical and Life Sciences Directorate; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Livermore; CA 94550; USA Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 4032 EP - 4043 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 4 IS - 11 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Metals KW - Synergistic effects KW - Sensors KW - Sustainability KW - Utilities KW - Storage KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Electrodes KW - Catalysts KW - Electrochemistry KW - Lithium KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1798737455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Solvent-directed+sol-gel+assembly+of+3-dimensional+graphene-tented+metal+oxides+and+strong+synergistic+disparities+in+lithium+storage&rft.au=Ye%2C+Jianchao%3BAn%2C+Yonghao%3BMontalvo%2C+Elizabeth%3BCampbell%2C+Patrick+G%3BWorsley%2C+Marcus+A%3BTran%2C+Ich+C%3BLiu%2C+Yuanyue%3BWood%2C+Brandon+C%3BBiener%2C+Juergen%3BJiang%2C+Hanqing%3BTang%2C+Ming%3BWang%2C+YMorris&rft.aulast=Ye&rft.aufirst=Jianchao&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=4032&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5ta10730j LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Metals; Synergistic effects; Sensors; Batteries; Energy; Electrodes; Catalysts; Electrochemistry; Utilities; Sustainability; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta10730j ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution of tritium in precipitation and surface water in California AN - 1793203309; 2016-049499 AB - The tritium concentration in the surface hydrosphere throughout California was characterized to examine the reasons for spatial variability and to enhance the applicability of tritium in hydrological investigations. Eighteen precipitation samples were analyzed and 148 samples were collected from surface waters across California in the Summer and Fall of 2013, with repeat samples from some locations collected in Winter and Spring of 2014 to examine seasonal variation. The concentration of tritium in present day precipitation varied from 4.0 pCi/L near the California coast to 17.8 pCi/L in the Sierra Nevada Mountains. Concentrations in precipitation increase in spring due to the 'Spring Leak' phenomenon. The average coastal concentration (6.3 + or - 1.2 pCi/L) in precipitation matches estimated pre-nuclear levels. Surface water samples show a trend of increasing tritium with inland distance. Superimposed on that trend, elevated tritium concentrations are found in the San Francisco Bay area compared to other coastal areas, resulting from municipal water imported from inland mountain sources and local anthropogenic sources. Tritium concentrations in most surface waters decreased between Summer/Fall 2013 and Winter/Spring 2014 likely due to an increased groundwater signal as a result of drought conditions in 2014. A relationship between tritium and electrical conductivity in surface water was found to be indicative of water provenance and anthropogenic influences such as agricultural runoff. Despite low initial concentrations in precipitation, tritium continues to be a valuable tracer in a post nuclear bomb pulse world. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Harms, Patrick A AU - Visser, Ate AU - Moran, Jean E AU - Esser, Brad K Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 63 EP - 72 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 534 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - Sierra Nevada KW - electrical conductivity KW - isotopes KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - tritium KW - California KW - spatial variations KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sampling KW - tracers KW - nuclear explosions KW - chemical composition KW - fallout KW - explosions KW - rainfall KW - human activity KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - agriculture KW - provenance KW - San Francisco Bay region KW - hydrogen KW - runoff KW - residence time KW - mathematical methods KW - seasonal variations KW - land use KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793203309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Distribution+of+tritium+in+precipitation+and+surface+water+in+California&rft.au=Harms%2C+Patrick+A%3BVisser%2C+Ate%3BMoran%2C+Jean+E%3BEsser%2C+Brad+K&rft.aulast=Harms&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=534&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2015.12.046 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; atmospheric precipitation; California; chemical composition; electrical conductivity; explosions; fallout; human activity; hydrogen; isotopes; land use; mathematical methods; nuclear explosions; provenance; radioactive isotopes; rainfall; residence time; runoff; sampling; San Francisco Bay region; seasonal variations; Sierra Nevada; spatial variations; statistical analysis; surface water; tracers; tritium; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.12.046 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Keeping the lights on for global ocean salinity observation AN - 1773859780; PQ0002721549 JF - Nature Climate Change AU - Durack, Paul J AU - Lee, Tong AU - Vinogradova, Nadya T AU - Stammer, Detlef AD - Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue Livermore, California 94550, USA Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 228 EP - 231 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1758-678X, 1758-678X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Climate change KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - O 7060:Navigation and Communications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773859780?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.atitle=Keeping+the+lights+on+for+global+ocean+salinity+observation&rft.au=Durack%2C+Paul+J%3BLee%2C+Tong%3BVinogradova%2C+Nadya+T%3BStammer%2C+Detlef&rft.aulast=Durack&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.issn=1758678X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnclimate2946 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2946 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geostatistical analysis of tritium, groundwater age and other noble gas derived parameters in California AN - 1768575825; PQ0002690025 AB - Key characteristics of California groundwater systems related to aquifer vulnerability, sustainability, recharge locations and mechanisms, and anthropogenic impact on recharge are revealed in a spatial geostatistical analysis of a unique data set of tritium, noble gases and other isotopic analyses unprecedented in size at nearly 4000 samples. The correlation length of key groundwater residence time parameters varies between tens of kilometers (3H; age) to the order of a hundred kilometers (4Heter; 14C; 3Hetrit). The correlation length of parameters related to climate, topography and atmospheric processes is on the order of several hundred kilometers (recharge temperature; delta 18O). Young groundwater ages that highlight regional recharge areas are located in the eastern San Joaquin Valley, in the southern Santa Clara Valley Basin, in the upper LA basin and along unlined canals carrying Colorado River water, showing that much of the recent recharge in central and southern California is dominated by river recharge and managed aquifer recharge. Modern groundwater is found in wells with the top open intervals below 60 m depth in the southeastern San Joaquin Valley, Santa Clara Valley and Los Angeles basin, as the result of intensive pumping and/or managed aquifer recharge operations. JF - Water Research AU - Visser, A AU - Moran, JE AU - Hillegonds, Darren AU - Singleton, MJ AU - Kulongoski, Justin T AU - Belitz, Kenneth AU - Esser, B K AD - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 314 EP - 330 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 91 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater KW - Water age KW - Geostatistics KW - Tritium KW - Noble gas KW - Aquifer KW - Resource management KW - Residence time KW - Basins KW - USA, Colorado R. KW - Vulnerability KW - Topography KW - Rivers KW - Valleys KW - Sustainability KW - Oxygen isotopes KW - Canals KW - Gases KW - Surface-groundwater Relations KW - Water management KW - Geohydrology KW - Groundwater age KW - Groundwater Recharge KW - Aquifers KW - Age KW - USA, California, San Joaquin Valley KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Correlations KW - Atmospheric processes KW - Groundwater Basins KW - Groundwater residence time KW - Rare gases KW - Climate KW - INE, USA, California, Los Angeles Basin KW - Aquifer recharge KW - Oxygen isotope ratio KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - M2 556.3:Groundwater Hydrology (556.3) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1768575825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Geostatistical+analysis+of+tritium%2C+groundwater+age+and+other+noble+gas+derived+parameters+in+California&rft.au=Visser%2C+A%3BMoran%2C+JE%3BHillegonds%2C+Darren%3BSingleton%2C+MJ%3BKulongoski%2C+Justin+T%3BBelitz%2C+Kenneth%3BEsser%2C+B+K&rft.aulast=Visser&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=&rft.spage=314&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.watres.2016.01.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rare gases; Aquifer; Resource management; Residence time; Water management; Tritium; Climate; Oxygen isotope ratio; Vulnerability; Oxygen isotopes; Aquifers; Canals; Aquifer recharge; Atmospheric processes; Correlations; Groundwater age; Groundwater residence time; Topography; Rivers; Age; Anthropogenic factors; Basins; Valleys; Sustainability; Gases; Groundwater; Surface-groundwater Relations; Geohydrology; Groundwater Basins; Groundwater Recharge; USA, Colorado R.; INE, USA, California, Los Angeles Basin; USA, California, San Joaquin Valley DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.01.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accretion time scale and impact history of Mars deduced from the isotopic systematics of Martian meteorites AN - 1793208316; 2016-047262 AB - High precision Sm-Nd isotopic analyses have been completed on a suite of 11 martian basaltic meteorites in order to better constrain the age of silicate differentiation on Mars associated with the formation of their mantle sources. These data are used to evaluate the merits and disadvantages of various mathematical approaches that have been employed in previous work on this topic. Ages determined from the Sm-Nd isotopic systematics of individual samples are strongly dependent on the assumed Nd isotopic composition of the bulk planet. This assumption is problematic given differences observed between the Nd isotopic composition of Earth and chondritic meteorites and the fact that these materials are both commonly used to represent bulk planetary Nd isotopic compositions. Ages determined from the slope of (super 146) Sm- (super 142) Nd whole rock isochrons are not dependent on the assumed (super 142) Nd/ (super 144) Nd ratio of the planet, but require the sample suite to be derived from complementary, contemporaneously-formed reservoirs. In this work, we present a mathematical expression that defines the age of formation of the source regions of such a suite of samples that is based solely on the slope of a (super 143) Nd- (super 142) Nd whole rock isochron and is also independent of any a priori assumptions regarding the bulk isotopic composition of the planet. This expression is also applicable to mineral isochrons and has been used to successfully calculate (super 143) Nd- (super 142) Nd model crystallization ages of early refractory solids as well as lunar samples. This permits ages to be obtained using only Nd isotopic measurements without the need for (super 147) Sm/ (super 144) Nd isotope dilution determinations. When used in conjunction with high-precision Nd isotopic measurements completed on martian meteorites this expression yields an age of formation of the martian basaltic meteorite source regions of 4504 + or - 6 Ma. Because the Sm-Nd model ages for the formation of martian source regions are commonly interpreted to record the age at which large scale mantle reservoirs formed during planetary differentiation associated with magma ocean solidification, the age determined here implies that magma ocean solidification occurred several tens of millions of years after the beginning of the Solar System. Recent thermal models, however, suggest that Mars-sized bodies cool rapidly in less than approximately 5 Ma after accretion ceases, even in the presence of a thick atmosphere. Assuming these models are correct, an extended period of accretion is necessary to provide a mechanism to keep portions of the martian mantle partially molten until 4504 Ma. Late accretional heating of Mars could either be associated with protracted accretion occurring at a quasi-steady state or alternatively be associated with a late giant impact. If this scenario is correct, then accretion of Mars-sized bodies takes up to 60 Ma and is likely to be contemporaneous with the core formation and possibly the onset of silicate differentiation. This further challenges the concept that isotopic equilibrium is attained during primordial evolution of planets, and may help to account for geochemical evidence implying addition of material into planetary interiors after core formation was completed. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Borg, Lars E AU - Brennecka, Gregory A AU - Symes, Steven J K Y1 - 2016/02/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Feb 15 SP - 150 EP - 167 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 175 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - stony meteorites KW - isotopes KW - Martian meteorites KW - mantle KW - Mars KW - stable isotopes KW - meteorites KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mineral composition KW - dates KW - absolute age KW - Archean KW - rare earths KW - basaltic composition KW - accretion KW - Precambrian KW - isotope ratios KW - differentiation KW - cosmochemistry KW - impacts KW - achondrites KW - terrestrial planets KW - models KW - planets KW - Nd-144/Nd-142 KW - Sm/Nd KW - metals KW - planetary interiors KW - crystallization KW - core KW - neodymium KW - 03:Geochronology KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793208316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Accretion+time+scale+and+impact+history+of+Mars+deduced+from+the+isotopic+systematics+of+Martian+meteorites&rft.au=Borg%2C+Lars+E%3BBrennecka%2C+Gregory+A%3BSymes%2C+Steven+J+K&rft.aulast=Borg&rft.aufirst=Lars&rft.date=2016-02-15&rft.volume=175&rft.issue=&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.12.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; accretion; achondrites; Archean; basaltic composition; core; cosmochemistry; crystallization; dates; differentiation; impacts; isotope ratios; isotopes; mantle; Mars; Martian meteorites; metals; meteorites; mineral composition; models; Nd-144/Nd-142; neodymium; planetary interiors; planets; Precambrian; radioactive isotopes; rare earths; silicates; Sm/Nd; stable isotopes; stony meteorites; terrestrial planets DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.12.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chlorite dissolution kinetics at pH 3-10 and temperature to 275 degrees C AN - 1789749574; 2016-042412 AB - Sheet silicates and clays are ubiquitous in geothermal environments. Their dissolution is of interest because this process contributes to scaling reactions along fluid pathways and alteration of fracture surfaces which could affect reservoir permeability. In order to better predict the geochemical impacts on long-term performance of engineered geothermal systems, we have measured chlorite dissolution and developed a generalized kinetic rate law applicable over an expanded range of solution pH and temperature. Chlorite, (Mg,Al,Fe) (sub 12) (Si,Al) (sub 8) O (sub 20) (OH) (sub 16) , commonly occurs in many geothermal host rocks as either a primary mineral or alteration product. A combination of new rate data from this study (collected using an Mg-rich chlorite variety, at 100-275 degrees C and pH >5.5) as well as all available published chlorite dissolution datasets results in a kinetic rate equation that is valid over temperatures of 25-275 degrees C and 3 < or = pH < or = 10: R=([1X10 (super -4) Xe (super -30/RT) Xa (super 0.74) (sub H+) ] + [4.7X10 (super -11) Xe (super -13/RT) ] + [1.5X10 (super -9) Xe (super -15/RT) Xa (super 0.43) (sub OH-) ])X(1-e (super Delta Gr/RT) ) The form of this equation, which includes a reaction affinity term to slow reaction as equilibrium is approached, can be incorporated into most existing reactive transport codes for use in prediction of rock-water interactions in engineered geothermal systems. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Smith, Megan M AU - Carroll, Susan A Y1 - 2016/02/10/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Feb 10 SP - 55 EP - 64 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 421 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - silicates KW - alteration KW - magnesium KW - mass spectra KW - fluid phase KW - silicon KW - temperature KW - geothermal systems KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - phase equilibria KW - aluminum KW - acidic composition KW - spectra KW - chlorite group KW - stoichiometry KW - kinetics KW - chemical ratios KW - pH KW - P-T conditions KW - alkaline earth metals KW - electron microscopy data KW - equations KW - solubility KW - TEM data KW - alkalic composition KW - ICP mass spectra KW - chlorite KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - sheet silicates KW - crystal chemistry KW - SEM data KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789749574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Chlorite+dissolution+kinetics+at+pH+3-10+and+temperature+to+275+degrees+C&rft.au=Smith%2C+Megan+M%3BCarroll%2C+Susan+A&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Megan&rft.date=2016-02-10&rft.volume=421&rft.issue=&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2015.11.022 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; alkalic composition; alkaline earth metals; alteration; aluminum; chemical ratios; chemical reactions; chlorite; chlorite group; crystal chemistry; electron microscopy data; equations; fluid phase; geothermal reservoirs; geothermal systems; ICP mass spectra; kinetics; magnesium; mass spectra; mathematical methods; metals; P-T conditions; pH; phase equilibria; SEM data; sheet silicates; silicates; silicon; solubility; spectra; stoichiometry; TEM data; temperature; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.11.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Timing and rates of Holocene normal faulting along the Black Mountains fault zone, Death Valley, USA AN - 1773799573; 2016-025798 AB - Alluvial fans displaced by normal faults of the Black Mountains fault zone at Badwater and Mormon Point in Death Valley were mapped, surveyed, and dated using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and (super 10) Be terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) methods. Applying TCN methods to Holocene geomorphic surfaces in Death Valley is challenging because sediment flux is slow and complex. However, OSL dating produces consistent surface ages, yielding ages for a regionally recognized surface (Qg3a) of 4.5+ or -1.2 ka at Badwater and 7.0+ or -1.0 ka at Mormon Point. Holocene faults offsetting Qg3a yield horizontal slip rates directed toward 323 degrees of 0.8 +0.3/-0.2 mm/yr and 1.0+ or -0.2 mm/yr for Badwater and Mormon Point, respectively. These slip rates are slower than the approximately 2 mm/yr dextral slip rate of the southern end of the northern Death Valley fault zone and are half as fast as NNW-oriented horizontal rates documented for the Panamint Valley fault zone. This indicates that additional strain is transferred southwestward from northern Death Valley and Black Mountains fault zones onto the oblique-normal dextral faults of the Panamint Valley fault zone, which is consistent with published geodetic modeling showing that current opening rates of central Death Valley along the Black Mountains fault zone are about three times slower than for Panamint Valley. This suggests that less than half of the geodetically determined approximately 9-12 mm/yr of right-lateral shear across the region at the latitude of central Death Valley is accommodated by slip on well-defined faults and that distributed deformational processes take up the remainder of this slip transferred between the major faults north of the Garlock fault. JF - Lithosphere AU - Frankel, Kurt L AU - Owen, Lewis A AU - Dolan, James F AU - Knott, Jeffrey R AU - Lifton, Zachery M AU - Finkel, Robert C AU - Wasklewicz, Thad Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 3 EP - 22 PB - Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1941-8264, 1941-8264 KW - lower Holocene KW - Basin and Range Province KW - Death Valley National Park KW - national parks KW - cosmogenic elements KW - slip rates KW - erosion features KW - California KW - Death Valley KW - absolute age KW - faults KW - North America KW - boulders KW - Quaternary KW - middle Holocene KW - erosion surfaces KW - clastic sediments KW - lithosphere KW - Pleistocene KW - earthquakes KW - United States KW - neutron activation analysis data KW - isotopes KW - erosion KW - Eastern California shear zone KW - Black Mountains fault zone KW - thermoluminescence KW - Holocene KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - Inyo County California KW - radioactive isotopes KW - optically stimulated luminescence KW - dates KW - normal faults KW - sediments KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Mormon Point KW - Be-10 KW - Great Basin KW - Badwater Fan KW - rates KW - public lands KW - luminescence KW - metals KW - alluvial fans KW - Mormon Point Formation KW - scarps KW - beryllium KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lithosphere&rft.atitle=Timing+and+rates+of+Holocene+normal+faulting+along+the+Black+Mountains+fault+zone%2C+Death+Valley%2C+USA&rft.au=Frankel%2C+Kurt+L%3BOwen%2C+Lewis+A%3BDolan%2C+James+F%3BKnott%2C+Jeffrey+R%3BLifton%2C+Zachery+M%3BFinkel%2C+Robert+C%3BWasklewicz%2C+Thad&rft.aulast=Frankel&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lithosphere&rft.issn=19418264&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FL464.1 L2 - http://lithosphere.gsapubs.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 94 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. col., 4 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; alkaline earth metals; alluvial fans; Badwater Fan; Basin and Range Province; Be-10; beryllium; Black Mountains fault zone; boulders; California; Cenozoic; clastic sediments; cosmogenic elements; dates; Death Valley; Death Valley National Park; earthquakes; Eastern California shear zone; erosion; erosion features; erosion surfaces; faults; Great Basin; Holocene; Inyo County California; isotopes; lithosphere; lower Holocene; luminescence; metals; middle Holocene; Mormon Point; Mormon Point Formation; national parks; neutron activation analysis data; normal faults; North America; optically stimulated luminescence; Pleistocene; public lands; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; rates; scarps; sediments; slip rates; thermoluminescence; United States; upper Pleistocene DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/L464.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unearthing the Antibacterial Mechanism of Medicinal Clay: A Geochemical Approach to Combating Antibiotic Resistance. AN - 1760891162; 26743034 AB - Natural antibacterial clays, when hydrated and applied topically, kill human pathogens including antibiotic resistant strains proliferating worldwide. Only certain clays are bactericidal; those containing soluble reduced metals and expandable clay minerals that absorb cations, providing a capacity for extended metal release and production of toxic hydroxyl radicals. Here we show the critical antibacterial components are soluble Fe(2+) and Al(3+) that synergistically attack multiple cellular systems in pathogens normally growth-limited by Fe supply. This geochemical process is more effective than metal solutions alone and provides an alternative antibacterial strategy to traditional antibiotics. Advanced bioimaging methods and genetic show that Al(3+) misfolds cell membrane proteins, while Fe(2+) evokes membrane oxidation and enters the cytoplasm inflicting hydroxyl radical attack on intracellular proteins and DNA. The lethal reaction precipitates Fe(3+)-oxides as biomolecular damage proceeds. Discovery of this bactericidal mechanism demonstrated by natural clays should guide designs of new mineral-based antibacterial agents. JF - Scientific reports AU - Morrison, Keith D AU - Misra, Rajeev AU - Williams, Lynda B AD - Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA. ; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. ; School of Earth &Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Y1 - 2016/01/08/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jan 08 SP - 19043 VL - 6 KW - Aluminum Silicates KW - 0 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - Cations, Divalent KW - Escherichia coli Proteins KW - Membrane Proteins KW - clay KW - 1302-87-0 KW - Hydroxyl Radical KW - 3352-57-6 KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Aluminum KW - CPD4NFA903 KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Hydroxyl Radical -- metabolism KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Humans KW - Gene Expression KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Membrane Proteins -- genetics KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Escherichia coli -- drug effects KW - Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus -- growth & development KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- drug effects KW - Mud Therapy -- methods KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Microbial Sensitivity Tests KW - Staphylococcus epidermidis -- growth & development KW - Staphylococcus epidermidis -- genetics KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- genetics KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- growth & development KW - Membrane Proteins -- chemistry KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- metabolism KW - Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus -- genetics KW - Staphylococcus epidermidis -- drug effects KW - Hydroxyl Radical -- chemistry KW - Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus -- drug effects KW - Protein Folding -- drug effects KW - Membrane Proteins -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- growth & development KW - Escherichia coli -- growth & development KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- chemistry KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- chemistry KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Drug Resistance, Bacterial -- drug effects KW - Aluminum Silicates -- pharmacology KW - Aluminum Silicates -- chemistry KW - Iron -- pharmacology KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- chemistry KW - Aluminum -- pharmacology KW - Drug Resistance, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Aluminum -- chemistry KW - Iron -- chemistry KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- pharmacology KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1760891162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Unearthing+the+Antibacterial+Mechanism+of+Medicinal+Clay%3A+A+Geochemical+Approach+to+Combating+Antibiotic+Resistance.&rft.au=Morrison%2C+Keith+D%3BMisra%2C+Rajeev%3BWilliams%2C+Lynda+B&rft.aulast=Morrison&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2016-01-08&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19043&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep19043 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-12-13 N1 - Date created - 2016-01-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Apr;69(4):2313-20 [12676715] Environ Geochem Health. 2014 Aug;36(4):613-31 [24258612] Free Radic Biol Med. 2004 Feb 1;36(3):380-7 [15036357] Mol Microbiol. 2004 May;52(3):613-9 [15101969] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1981 Aug;42(2):325-35 [7025758] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jul;81(14):4490-4 [6087326] Science. 1988 Apr 29;240(4852):640-2 [2834821] Biochem J. 1989 Mar 1;258(2):617-20 [2706005] Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 1999 Jun;51(6):730-50 [10422221] Mol Microbiol. 2005 Jun;56(5):1119-28 [15882407] BMC Microbiol. 2005;5:53 [16202124] Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Mar 1;40(5):1556-65 [16568770] Biotechniques. 2006 Apr;40(4):433-4, 436, 438 passim [16629389] Nat Rev Microbiol. 2013 Jun;11(6):371-84 [23669886] J Biochem. 1996 Nov;120(5):895-900 [8982853] J Water Health. 2015 Mar;13(1):42-53 [25719464] J Inorg Biochem. 1999 Aug 30;76(2):81-8 [10612060] Nature. 2000 Aug 17;406(6797):775-81 [10963607] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 Dec;68(12):6256-62 [12450850] J Bacteriol. 2007 Dec;189(23):8746-9 [17905994] Nat Chem Biol. 2008 May;4(5):278-86 [18421291] Environ Microbiol. 2010 Jun;12(6):1384-90 [20353438] Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Apr 15;45(8):3768-73 [21413758] Res Microbiol. 2011 May;162(4):436-45 [21349327] Methods Enzymol. 1990;186:464-78 [1978225] Biometals. 1996 Jul;9(3):311-6 [8696081] FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2003 Jun;27(2-3):215-37 [12829269] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep19043 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discovery of a major intra-oceanic subduction event revealed beneath the southern Indian Ocean AN - 1873350829; 2017-013881 AB - Global seismic tomography has unveiled numerous fast anomalies in the mantle that have been interpreted of subducted tectonic plates that have sunken deep into the Earth. Images of slabs of the ancient variety, such as the Farallon slab beneath North America, provide us with powerful information about ancient plate tectonic and dynamic processes. A new global image (Simmons et al. 2015, GRL) has recently revealed surprisingly positioned slab-like anomalies beneath the Southern Indian Ocean spanning depths from the upper mantle transition zone near the Southeast Indian Ridge (SEIR) to the deep mantle beneath the Indian Ocean and Australia. Portions of the slab anomalies bear a striking resemblance to the well-known Farallon slab anomalies and thus point to the existence of an ancient subduction event that was previous unrecognized. Based on the image and additional geoscientific observations, we postulate that the structure is an oceanic plate that sank into the mantle along a 7000-km intra-oceanic subduction zone that migrated southwestward across the ancient Tethys Ocean in the Mesozoic Era, perhaps beginning prior to 200 Ma. We refer to this new feature as the Southeast Indian Slab (or SEIS). Slab material still trapped in the transition zone is positioned near the former edge of East Gondwana ca. 140 Ma suggesting that subduction terminated near the margin of the ancient continent prior to breakup and subsequent dispersal of its subcontinents. The implications of this event are multifold including the need for re-evaluation of ancient global plate tectonic history and the likely existence of other intra-oceanic subduction events that have yet to be recognized or fully developed in global plate reconstructions. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Simmons, Nathan A AU - Myers, Stephen C AU - Johannesson, Gardar AU - Matzel, Eric AU - Grand, Stephen P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 177 EP - 1 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873350829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Discovery+of+a+major+intra-oceanic+subduction+event+revealed+beneath+the+southern+Indian+Ocean&rft.au=Simmons%2C+Nathan+A%3BMyers%2C+Stephen+C%3BJohannesson%2C+Gardar%3BMatzel%2C+Eric%3BGrand%2C+Stephen+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Merits of pressure and geochemical data as indicators of CO (sub 2) /brine leakage into a heterogeneous, sedimentary aquifer AN - 1869031982; 2017-011505 AB - Many different monitoring techniques have been evaluated both synthetically and from the field to better understand the spatial and temporal movement of CO (sub 2) and pressure plumes within and above a CO (sub 2) storage reservoir. The distance between the leak source and the nearest monitoring well or sensor location may deem certain monitoring techniques as an unviable detection method. It is important to determine the efficacy of the different possible monitoring techniques with uncertain leak locations to design optimal monitoring protocols to ensure non-endangerment to drinking waters. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the reliability of above-zone pressure and groundwater solution chemistry monitoring as leak diagnostics. We generate synthetic pressure, total dissolved solids (TDS) and pH data via many subsurface realizations and leak simulations that are based on a specific part of the High Plains Aquifer, with an average well density of 1 per km (super 2) (Carroll et al., 2014). We use a simulation approach to explore how the following principal uncertainties influence the three signals to correctly diagnose a CO (sub 2) /brine leak: The heterogeneity of the aquifer flow properties. This study uses two-facies heterogeneity models (sand/shale) to evaluate the effects of heterogeneity on spatial and temporal scales of the signals. The distance between the source leak and the monitoring well. It is possible that unknown abandoned wells or faults could serve as random leak locations unknown a priori (Gal et al., 2013). The leakage rates of CO (sub 2) and brine. The magnitude and duration of the leak will be one of the main determiners of the extent of the three signals. We explore a range of CO (sub 2) injection periods and wellbore permeability (Wainwright et al., 2013). Detection likelihoods are calculated to describe how frequently pressure, TDS, and pH signals will coincide with a leak for observations made at different distances and times from the initiation of the CO (sub 2) /brine leakage. The pressure signal gives a more spatially extensive signal than either TDS or pH. When considering the samples that only experience the highest leakage volumes, there is a 50% likelihood of detecting a pressure change 400 m away at times > or =30 years as seem. However, the TDS and pH detection likelihoods are or =30 years. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Trainor-Guitton, Whitney AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Mansoor, Kayyum AU - Carroll, Susan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 4 EP - 8 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1869031982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Merits+of+pressure+and+geochemical+data+as+indicators+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+%2Fbrine+leakage+into+a+heterogeneous%2C+sedimentary+aquifer&rft.au=Trainor-Guitton%2C+Whitney%3BSun%2C+Yunwei%3BMansoor%2C+Kayyum%3BCarroll%2C+Susan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Trainor-Guitton&rft.aufirst=Whitney&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-17 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling of chemically-induced fracture permeability evolution and its impact on geothermal energy production AN - 1869031644; 2017-011502 AB - Fluid-rock chemical interactions may potentially modify fracture permeability, and therefore influence long-term performance of enhanced geothermal system (EGS) reservoirs. Coupled fluid flow, heat transfer and reactive transport processes in fractured geothermal formations are controlled by the interplay between mineral reaction kinetics, fracture flow and matrix diffusion, leading to increase or decrease in fracture permeability, and hence flow magnitude through the fracture. Understanding and quantifying processes that affect fracture permeability evolution are critical for prediction of geothermal energy production, and may provide the key to sustainable productivity. In order to improve understanding of fluid-rock chemical interactions in fractured rocks we develop a discrete fracture model (DFM) in the GEOS framework (a LLNL-developed, massively parallel and multi-physics simulation code) to simulate fracture permeability evolution due to mineral dissolution/precipitation under geothermal reservoir conditions. In this study we apply the discrete fracture model to simulate the thermal-hydrologic-chemical (THC) behaviors of fractured geothermal reservoirs, and in particular examine effects of quartz dissolution/precipitation on overall heat recovery. Numerical results show that the strong temperature dependence of quartz reactivity and equilibrium concentration can significantly influence fracture permeability evolution. It is also found that when the injection fluid is supersaturated with respect to quartz, precipitation occurs near the injection well, resulting in a reduction in fracture aperture and energy recovery. However, if a quartz-undersaturated fluid is injected into fractured formations, dissolution dominates along fractures, and enhances fracture permeability and causes more efficient energy recovery process. Insight gained from this work will not only help develop a more accurate description of chemically-induced fracture evolution in fractured geothermal reservoirs, but also provide a useful basis for upscaling flow and reactive transport behaviors from discrete fracture to field scales. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hao, Yue AU - Settgast, Randolph R AU - Tompson, Andrew F B AU - Fu, Pengcheng AU - Morris, Joseph P AU - Ryerson, Frederick J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 4 EP - 5 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1869031644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+chemically-induced+fracture+permeability+evolution+and+its+impact+on+geothermal+energy+production&rft.au=Hao%2C+Yue%3BSettgast%2C+Randolph+R%3BTompson%2C+Andrew+F+B%3BFu%2C+Pengcheng%3BMorris%2C+Joseph+P%3BRyerson%2C+Frederick+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hao&rft.aufirst=Yue&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-17 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discovery of a major intra-oceanic subduction event revealed beneath the southern Indian Ocean AN - 1861112980; 787361-95 AB - Global seismic tomography has unveiled numerous fast anomalies in the mantle that have been interpreted of subducted tectonic plates that have sunken deep into the Earth. Images of slabs of the ancient variety, such as the Farallon slab beneath North America, provide us with powerful information about ancient plate tectonic and dynamic processes. A new global image (Simmons et al. 2015, GRL) has recently revealed surprisingly positioned slab-like anomalies beneath the Southern Indian Ocean spanning depths from the upper mantle transition zone near the Southeast Indian Ridge (SEIR) to the deep mantle beneath the Indian Ocean and Australia. Portions of the slab anomalies bear a striking resemblance to the well-known Farallon slab anomalies and thus point to the existence of an ancient subduction event that was previous unrecognized.aBased on the image and additional geoscientific observations, we postulate that the structure is an oceanic plate that sank into the mantle along a 7000-km intra-oceanic subduction zone that migrated southwestward across the ancient Tethys Ocean in the Mesozoic Era, perhaps beginning prior to 200 Ma. We refer to this new feature as the Southeast Indian Slab (or SEIS). Slab material still trapped in the transition zone is positioned near the former edge of East Gondwana ca. 140 Ma suggesting that subduction terminated near the margin of the ancient continent prior to breakup and subsequent dispersal of its subcontinents. The implications of this event are multifold including the need for re-evaluation of ancient global plate tectonic history and the likely existence of other intra-oceanic subduction events that have yet to be recognized or fully developed in global plate reconstructions. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Simmons, Nathan A AU - Myers, Stephen C AU - Johannesson, Gardar AU - Matzel, Eric AU - Grand, Stephen P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 177 EP - 1 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861112980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Discovery+of+a+major+intra-oceanic+subduction+event+revealed+beneath+the+southern+Indian+Ocean&rft.au=Simmons%2C+Nathan+A%3BMyers%2C+Stephen+C%3BJohannesson%2C+Gardar%3BMatzel%2C+Eric%3BGrand%2C+Stephen+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemistry at interfaces: In search of a new modelling approach AN - 1861112337; 782782-54 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Zavarin, Mavrik AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 3654 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861112337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Geochemistry+at+interfaces%3A+In+search+of+a+new+modelling+approach&rft.au=Zavarin%2C+Mavrik%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zavarin&rft.aufirst=Mavrik&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3654&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3654.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - (super 10) be exposure dating of Holocene moraines in the Sierra Nevada, California AN - 1861111816; 787347-82 AB - Constraining the extent and timing of Holocene glaciations is critical to addressing standing hypotheses that ascribe climatic fluctuations to changes in atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns, or anthropogenic forcing. In the terrestrial record, such constraint typically relies on chronologies obtained from 10Be exposure dating of moraine deposits. However, the short exposure time of Holocene moraines, particularly those formed during the Little Ice Age (LIA), makes obtaining precise chronologies extremely challenging. To date, only a handful of LIA deposits in three locations (New Zealand, Swiss Alps, and Peruvian Andes) have been dated with 10Be. Here, we report 10Be (and supporting 26Al) exposure ages from LIA moraines from multiple sites in the Sierra Nevada (Lyell, Maclure, Palisade, and Conness glaciers). Our Sierran LIA record is comparable to published results from other locations and supports a globally synchronous LIA deglaciation. This result is consistent with the contention that the LIA was terminated by anthropogenically-driven warming. We also report preliminary results from several older neoglacial moraines present at these sites. Chronology from the neoglacial deposits will be used to test whether the timing of the return to glacial conditions in the Sierras correlates to a southward shift in the Intertropical Convergence Zone, which has been hypothesized to increase El Nino-like conditions in the Pacific Ocean. This record should be ideal for testing this hypothesis since precipitation in the Sierras is highly sensitive to El Nino conditions. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hidy, Alan J AU - Zimmerman, Susan H AU - Finkel, Robert C AU - Schaefer, Joerg M AU - Clark, Doug AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 74 EP - 15 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861111816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=%28super+10%29+be+exposure+dating+of+Holocene+moraines+in+the+Sierra+Nevada%2C+California&rft.au=Hidy%2C+Alan+J%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan+H%3BFinkel%2C+Robert+C%3BSchaefer%2C+Joerg+M%3BClark%2C+Doug%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hidy&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linking deep mantle seismic tomography and surface/near surface tectonics; a new global tectonic revolution? AN - 1861110984; 787344-91 AB - Since the 'Plate Tectonic Revolution' some 40-50 years ago, 'traditional' plate tectonic reconstructions notably have included oceanic regions, as well as the Circumpacific, Alpine-Himalayan, and older orogenic regions preserved in continents. Simultaneous independent revolutions in transportation, imagery, communication, measurement, and presentation provide new ways to look at the Earth and its history. Recent studies provocatively linking deep mantle seismic tomography and surface-near surface plate tectonics include: L. Kellogg et al. (1999, 2013) on global interaction of a hot abyssal mantle layer with deeply subducted lithospheric.slabs; Vandermeer et al. (2012) on Circumpacific deep seismic structure and exotic terranes that originated in a pre-Pacific Panthalassa ocean; Sigloch and Mihalynuk (2013) on collision of long-lived west-dipping intra-oceanic subduction zone(s) with the North American Cordillera (cf., Moores, et al., 1970, 1998, 2002; and Schweickert and Cowan; 1975); Simmons et al. (2015) on the presence of a long-lived north-dipping subducted slab beneath the Southeast Indian Ocean, suggesting collision of one or more exotic terranes with Gondwana prior to opening of the Indian Ocean over the previously subducted slab(s); and Wu et al. (2016) on previous existence of 'East Asian Sea' plates, between the Tethyan and Pacific realms. These and other analyses provide fresh insight into and models of the tectonic history of Earth regions that sharply differ from 'traditional' plate tectonic models. The mid-lower mantle preserves a record of Earth's tectonic activity extending into Earth's past well beyond the < or =200 Ma record of Earth's oceans. Integration of the mantle's tectonic record with that from shallow/surface regions may result in a new revolution in Global Tectonics. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Moores, Eldridge M AU - Simmons, Nathan A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 55 EP - 7 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861110984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Linking+deep+mantle+seismic+tomography+and+surface%2Fnear+surface+tectonics%3B+a+new+global+tectonic+revolution%3F&rft.au=Moores%2C+Eldridge+M%3BSimmons%2C+Nathan+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moores&rft.aufirst=Eldridge&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accurate self-diffusion coefficients of hydrogen in olivine and implications for mantle electrical conductivity AN - 1861091592; 782769-14 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Novella, Davide AU - Frane, Wyatt L D U AU - Jacobsen, Benjamin AU - Weber, Peter K AU - Ryerson, Frederick J AU - Tyburczy, James A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2314 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861091592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Accurate+self-diffusion+coefficients+of+hydrogen+in+olivine+and+implications+for+mantle+electrical+conductivity&rft.au=Novella%2C+Davide%3BFrane%2C+Wyatt+L+D+U%3BJacobsen%2C+Benjamin%3BWeber%2C+Peter+K%3BRyerson%2C+Frederick+J%3BTyburczy%2C+James+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Novella&rft.aufirst=Davide&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2314&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2314.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring silicate thermodynamics and conductivity at extreme conditions with laser-driven dynamic compression AN - 1861091090; 782766-84 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Millot, M AU - Fratanduono, D E AU - Dubrovinskaia, N AU - Cernok, A AU - Blaha, S AU - Dubrovinsky, L S AU - Celliers, P M AU - Collins, G W AU - Hamel, S AU - Kraus, R AU - Spaulding, D K AU - Jeanloz, R AU - Eggert, J H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2084 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861091090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Exploring+silicate+thermodynamics+and+conductivity+at+extreme+conditions+with+laser-driven+dynamic+compression&rft.au=Millot%2C+M%3BFratanduono%2C+D+E%3BDubrovinskaia%2C+N%3BCernok%2C+A%3BBlaha%2C+S%3BDubrovinsky%2C+L+S%3BCelliers%2C+P+M%3BCollins%2C+G+W%3BHamel%2C+S%3BKraus%2C+R%3BSpaulding%2C+D+K%3BJeanloz%2C+R%3BEggert%2C+J+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Millot&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2084&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2084.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uniform yet distinct isotopic reservoirs in the early Solar System: Evidence from Er and Yb isotopes in refractory inclusions AN - 1861091076; 782774-46 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Shollenberger, Q R AU - Brennecka, G A AU - Borg, L E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2846 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861091076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Uniform+yet+distinct+isotopic+reservoirs+in+the+early+Solar+System%3A+Evidence+from+Er+and+Yb+isotopes+in+refractory+inclusions&rft.au=Shollenberger%2C+Q+R%3BBrennecka%2C+G+A%3BBorg%2C+L+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shollenberger&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2846&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2846.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controls on anthropogenic radionuclide distribution in the Sellafield near-shore AN - 1861090998; 782771-95 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Ray, D AU - Morris, K AU - Livens, F R AU - Kersting, A AU - Zavarin, M AU - Begg, J AU - Joseph, C AU - Zhao, P AU - Law, G T W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2595 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861090998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Controls+on+anthropogenic+radionuclide+distribution+in+the+Sellafield+near-shore&rft.au=Ray%2C+D%3BMorris%2C+K%3BLivens%2C+F+R%3BKersting%2C+A%3BZavarin%2C+M%3BBegg%2C+J%3BJoseph%2C+C%3BZhao%2C+P%3BLaw%2C+G+T+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ray&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2595&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2595.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New chronology for the southern Kalahari Group sediments with implications for sediment-cycle dynamics and early hominin occupation AN - 1861083312; 784689-61 AB - Kalahari Group sediments accumulated in the Kalahari , which started forming during the breakup of Gondwana in the arly Cretaceous. These sediments cover an extensive part of southern Africa and form a low-relief landscape. Current models assume that the Kalahari Group accumulated throughout the entire Cenozoic. However, chronology has been restricted to early-middle Cenozoic biostratigraphic correlations and to OSL dating of only the past approximately 300 a. We present a new chronological framework that reveals a dynamic nature of sedimentation in the southern Kalahari. Cosmogenic burial ages obtained from a 55 m section of Kalahari Group sediments from the Mamatwan Mine, southern Kalahari, indicate that the majority of deposition at this location occurred rapidly at 1-1.2 Ma. This Pleistocene sequence overlies the Archaean basement, forming a significant hiatus that permits the possibility of many Phanerozoic cycles of deposition and erosion no longer preserved in the sedimentary record. Calcretes that cement conglomerates and sands throughout the sequence ange between 300-500 a. Our data also establish the existence of a shallow early-middle Pleistocene water body that persisted for >450 a prior to this rapid period of deposition. Evidence from neighboring archaeological excavations in southern Africa suggests an association of high-density hominin occupation with this water body. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Matmon, A AU - Hidy, A J AU - Vainer, S AU - Crouvi, O AU - Fink, D AU - Erel, Y AU - ASTER, Team AU - Horwitz, L K AU - Chazan, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 EP - Abstract 5551 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 35 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861083312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=New+chronology+for+the+southern+Kalahari+Group+sediments+with+implications+for+sediment-cycle+dynamics+and+early+hominin+occupation&rft.au=Matmon%2C+A%3BHidy%2C+A+J%3BVainer%2C+S%3BCrouvi%2C+O%3BFink%2C+D%3BErel%2C+Y%3BASTER%2C+Team%3BHorwitz%2C+L+K%3BChazan%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Matmon&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.americangeosciences.org/sites/default/files/igc/5551.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 35th international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reconciling evidence from outcrops and deep-lake sediments; the conundrum of oxygen isotopes in glacial-era Mono Lake, California AN - 1855320726; 2017-002047 AB - Hydrologically closed lakes, particularly those in arid regions, are exceptional archives of past climatic changes, due to their sensitivity to the balance of precipitation and evaporation. Records of absolute past lake levels, from nearshore facies, berms, wave-cut cliffs and terraces, and high-resolution proxy records from sediment cores have different strengths and weaknesses, but ultimately they must tell the same story about the history of the lake basin. To achieve this goal, indirect proxy records must be examined and interpreted in the context of the absolute changes recorded in stratigraphy and geomorphology. Mono Lake, California is a highly sensitive closed-basin lake on the eastern (leeward) side of the Sierra Nevada, and has been shown to preserve exceptional paleoclimate records. Ground-breaking study of the Wilson Creek Formation (WCF) facies in outcrops around the basin and their relation to surficial features form the basis of the absolute lake-level curve for the last glacial period, Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 4-3-2 by K. Lajoie (unpub. UC Berkeley Ph.D. dissertation, 1968). Interpretation of the carbonate content of the correlative deep-lake sediments in the context of Lajoie's lake-level curve provided a high-resolution record of lake-level for that period (Zimmerman et al. 2011 GSAB v123 p 2320). Interpretation of oxygen isotopes on carbonates from the same samples in the framework of Lajoie's curve shows the opposite relationship between d18O and lake level between approximately 65 and 25 ka than that predicted by simple precipitation-evaporation processes, shifting heavier in times of rising lake level, rather than lighter. One possible explanation for this relationship might be changes in the balance of isotopically heavy precipitation from tropical sources. Recent work on shorelines and nearshore sediments of the last glacial maximum and deglacial period, including the last highstand, suggests the relationship between lake level and oxygen-isotope composition of carbonates likely changes through time, and may be dependent on the relative volume of a change in lake-level, the systematics of carbonate precipitation, and variations in the source of water to the lake, including seasonality of precipitation and meltwater run-off from Sierran glaciers. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zimmerman, Susan Herrgesell AU - Ali, Guleed A H AU - Hemming, Sidney R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 42 EP - 1 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855320726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Reconciling+evidence+from+outcrops+and+deep-lake+sediments%3B+the+conundrum+of+oxygen+isotopes+in+glacial-era+Mono+Lake%2C+California&rft.au=Zimmerman%2C+Susan+Herrgesell%3BAli%2C+Guleed+A+H%3BHemming%2C+Sidney+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zimmerman&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The last glacial maximum in tropical East Africa AN - 1832728241; 2016-092362 AB - The mechanisms which influenced the last glacial to interglacial transition (i.e., the last termination) and the collapse of most Northern Hemisphere ice sheets are still not well known. As proposed by Milankovitch, changes in summer insolation at high northern latitudes are generally regarded as the pacemaker of glacial-interglacial cycles. However, Denton et al. (2010) point out that rising summer insolation does not always influence terminations and some terminations occur during relatively low-amplitude insolation changes. Other proposed mechanisms for the last termination include changes in atmospheric CO (sub 2) and tropical processes, such as changes in the western Pacific warm pool. We suggest that tropical glaciers provide a means to evaluate various hypotheses for the causes of the last termination. Tropical glaciers are far from the local influences of the large ice sheets and many respond primarily to changes in air temperature. We present a record of glacier fluctuations in the Rwenzori Mountains ( approximately 1 degrees N, 30 degrees E) of tropical East Africa. Three nested moraine sets document Rwenzori glacier fluctuations during the Last Glacial Maximum. We anticipate new (super 10) Be ages on the outermost of the three moraines. The moraine just proximal to the outermost is dated at approximately 23.4 ka. Subsequently, at approximately 20.1 ka, a moraine was deposited that crosscuts the older moraines and marks the largest glacier extent during the Last Glacial Maximum. A comparison of these glacier fluctuations with tropical east African climate proxy records shows that the Rwenzori glaciers were extensive contemporaneously with dry and cold conditions, indicating a dominant influence of temperature on the glacier mass balance. We compare these glacier fluctuations with changes in summer insolation at high northern latitudes, as well as with other hypothesized causes of the last termination, such as changes in atmospheric CO (sub 2) and the western Pacific warm pool. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Kelly, Meredith A AU - Jackson, Margaret S AU - Russell, James M AU - Howley, Jennifer A AU - Zimmerman, Susan H AU - Doughty, Alice M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 25 EP - 2 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832728241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+last+glacial+maximum+in+tropical+East+Africa&rft.au=Kelly%2C+Meredith+A%3BJackson%2C+Margaret+S%3BRussell%2C+James+M%3BHowley%2C+Jennifer+A%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan+H%3BDoughty%2C+Alice+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=Meredith&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2Fabs%2F2016NE-272831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 51st annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016NE-272831 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Holocene paleoclimate history of Fallen Leaf Lake, CA, from geochemistry and sedimentology of well-dated sediment cores AN - 1832723437; 2016-091704 AB - Millennial-scale shifts in aridity patterns have been documented during the Holocene in the western United States, yet the precise timing, severity, and regional extent of these shifts prompts further study. We present lake sediment core data from Fallen Leaf Lake, a subalpine system at the southern end of the Lake Tahoe basin for which 80% of the contemporary inflow is derived from snowpack delivered by Pacific frontal storm systems. A high quality age model has been constructed using (super 14) C ages on plant macrofossils, (super 210) Pb, and the Tsoyowata tephra datum (7.74-7.95 cal kyr BP). One core captures the transition from the Late Tioga-younger Dryas glaciolacustrine package to laminated opaline clay at 11.48 cal kyr BP. Early Holocene sedimentation rates are relatively high ( approximately 1.9 mm/year) and cooler winter temperatures are inferred by the presence of pebbles interpreted to be transported out into the lake via shore ice. There is a geochemically distinct interval from approximately 4.71 to 3.65 cal kyr BP that is interpreted as a late Holocene neopluvial, characterized by depleted delta (super 13) C and lower C:N that point to reduced runoff of terrigenous organic matter, increased winter precipitation, and increased algal productivity. The largest Holocene signal in the cores occurs at the end of the neopluvial, at 3.65 cal kyr BP, and marks a shift into a climate state with variable precipitation, yet is overall more arid than the neopluvial. This new climate state persists for approximately 3 ka, until the Little Ice Age. Low sedimentation rates (0.5 mm/year), the homogeneous opaline sediment, and steadily increasing contributions of terrestrial vs. algal organic matter in these cores suggest that the lowstand state of Fallen Leaf Lake may have been the norm from 3.65 to 0.55 cal kyr BP, punctuated by short term high precipitation years or multi-year intervals capable of rapid short duration lake level rise. Fallen Leaf Lake is strongly influenced by changes in winter precipitation and temperature, manifested largely by the geochemical proxies, and highlights unique advantages of subalpine lakes in regional paleoclimate reconstructions. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Quaternary Science Reviews AU - Noble, Paula J AU - Ball, G Ian AU - Zimmerman, Susan H AU - Maloney, Jillian AU - Smith, Shane B AU - Kent, Graham AU - Adams, Kenneth D AU - Karlin, Robert E AU - Driscoll, Neal Y1 - 2016/01/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jan 01 SP - 193 EP - 210 PB - Elsevier VL - 131 IS - Part A SN - 0277-3791, 0277-3791 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - geophysical surveys KW - El Dorado County California KW - isotopes KW - lead KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - acoustical methods KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dates KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - absolute age KW - tephrochronology KW - acoustical profiles KW - Quaternary KW - chronostratigraphy KW - paleohydrology KW - Central California KW - geophysical methods KW - metals KW - lacustrine environment KW - surveys KW - Pleistocene KW - geophysical profiles KW - C-14 KW - Pb-210 KW - lake sediments KW - Fallen Leaf Lake KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+Science+Reviews&rft.atitle=Holocene+paleoclimate+history+of+Fallen+Leaf+Lake%2C+CA%2C+from+geochemistry+and+sedimentology+of+well-dated+sediment+cores&rft.au=Noble%2C+Paula+J%3BBall%2C+G+Ian%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan+H%3BMaloney%2C+Jillian%3BSmith%2C+Shane+B%3BKent%2C+Graham%3BAdams%2C+Kenneth+D%3BKarlin%2C+Robert+E%3BDriscoll%2C+Neal&rft.aulast=Noble&rft.aufirst=Paula&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=Part+A&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quaternary+Science+Reviews&rft.issn=02773791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.quascirev.2015.10.037 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02773791 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; acoustical methods; acoustical profiles; C-14; California; carbon; Cenozoic; Central California; chronostratigraphy; cores; dates; El Dorado County California; Fallen Leaf Lake; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; Holocene; isotopes; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; lead; lithostratigraphy; metals; paleoclimatology; paleohydrology; Pb-210; Pleistocene; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; sediments; surveys; tephrochronology; United States; upper Pleistocene DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.10.037 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plutonium sorption and precipitation on goethite: A question of concentration AN - 1832687433; 782747-86 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Egg, J D B AU - Zhao, P AU - Zavarin, M AU - Tumey, S J AU - Williams, R AU - Dai, Z R AU - Kips, R AU - Kersting, Nd A B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 186 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832687433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Plutonium+sorption+and+precipitation+on+goethite%3A+A+question+of+concentration&rft.au=Egg%2C+J+D+B%3BZhao%2C+P%3BZavarin%2C+M%3BTumey%2C+S+J%3BWilliams%2C+R%3BDai%2C+Z+R%3BKips%2C+R%3BKersting%2C+Nd+A+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Egg&rft.aufirst=J+D&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/186.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 182W- 142Nd constraints on the early differentiation of Mars AN - 1832670226; 782762-14 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Kruijer, T S AU - Kleine, T AU - Borg, L E AU - Brennecka, G A AU - Fischer-Goedde, M AU - Irving, A J AU - Bischoff, A AU - Agee, C B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1614 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832670226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=182W-+142Nd+constraints+on+the+early+differentiation+of+Mars&rft.au=Kruijer%2C+T+S%3BKleine%2C+T%3BBorg%2C+L+E%3BBrennecka%2C+G+A%3BFischer-Goedde%2C+M%3BIrving%2C+A+J%3BBischoff%2C+A%3BAgee%2C+C+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kruijer&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1614&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1614.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled (super 142) Nd- (super 182) W evidence for early crust formation on Mars AN - 1832659634; 777410-100 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Kruijer, Thomas S AU - Kleine, T AU - Borg, L AU - Brennecka, G A AU - Fischer-Goedde, M AU - Irving, A J AU - Bischoff, A AU - Agee, C B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 EP - Abstract no. 2115 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 47 KW - Northwest Africa Meteorites KW - stony meteorites KW - isotopes KW - Martian meteorites KW - thermal ionization mass spectra KW - mass spectra KW - Mars KW - stable isotopes KW - SNC Meteorites KW - meteorites KW - chronology KW - tungsten KW - NWA 7034 KW - spectra KW - rare earths KW - ALH 84001 KW - magma oceans KW - Hf/W KW - differentiation KW - W-182 KW - achondrites KW - early solar system KW - terrestrial planets KW - ICP mass spectra KW - planets KW - Allan Hills Meteorites KW - shergottite KW - Nd-142 KW - Sm/Nd KW - metals KW - neodymium KW - crust KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832659634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Coupled+%28super+142%29+Nd-+%28super+182%29+W+evidence+for+early+crust+formation+on+Mars&rft.au=Kruijer%2C+Thomas+S%3BKleine%2C+T%3BBorg%2C+L%3BBrennecka%2C+G+A%3BFischer-Goedde%2C+M%3BIrving%2C+A+J%3BBischoff%2C+A%3BAgee%2C+C+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kruijer&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2016/pdf/2115.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 47th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; ALH 84001; Allan Hills Meteorites; chronology; crust; differentiation; early solar system; Hf/W; ICP mass spectra; isotopes; magma oceans; Mars; Martian meteorites; mass spectra; metals; meteorites; Nd-142; neodymium; Northwest Africa Meteorites; NWA 7034; planets; rare earths; shergottite; Sm/Nd; SNC Meteorites; spectra; stable isotopes; stony meteorites; terrestrial planets; thermal ionization mass spectra; tungsten; W-182 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The psyche gamma-ray and neutron spectrometer; characterizing the composition of a metal-rich body using nuclear spectroscopy AN - 1832657543; 777378-48 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Lawrence, David J AU - Peplowski, Patrick N AU - Goldsten, John O AU - Burks, Morgan AU - Beck, Andrew W AU - Elkins-Tanton, Linda T AU - Jun, Insoo AU - McCoy, Timothy J AU - Polanskey, Carol A AU - Prettyman, Thomas H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 EP - Abstract no 1622 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 47 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832657543?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=The+psyche+gamma-ray+and+neutron+spectrometer%3B+characterizing+the+composition+of+a+metal-rich+body+using+nuclear+spectroscopy&rft.au=Lawrence%2C+David+J%3BPeplowski%2C+Patrick+N%3BGoldsten%2C+John+O%3BBurks%2C+Morgan%3BBeck%2C+Andrew+W%3BElkins-Tanton%2C+Linda+T%3BJun%2C+Insoo%3BMcCoy%2C+Timothy+J%3BPolanskey%2C+Carol+A%3BPrettyman%2C+Thomas+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 47th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. 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N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - #02179 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gamma-ray spectroscopy of asteroid 16 psyche; expected performance of the psyche gamma-ray spectrometer AN - 1832651448; 777378-47 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Peplowski, Patrick N AU - Lawrence, David J AU - Goldsten, John O AU - Burks, Morgan AU - Beck, Andrew W AU - Elkins-Tanton, Linda T AU - Jun, Insoo AU - McCoy, Timothy J AU - Prettyman, Thomas H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 EP - Abstract no 1394 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 47 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832651448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Gamma-ray+spectroscopy+of+asteroid+16+psyche%3B+expected+performance+of+the+psyche+gamma-ray+spectrometer&rft.au=Peplowski%2C+Patrick+N%3BLawrence%2C+David+J%3BGoldsten%2C+John+O%3BBurks%2C+Morgan%3BBeck%2C+Andrew+W%3BElkins-Tanton%2C+Linda+T%3BJun%2C+Insoo%3BMcCoy%2C+Timothy+J%3BPrettyman%2C+Thomas+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Peplowski&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 47th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. 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N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - #02179 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disruption in gravity-dominated impacts; simulation results and scaling AN - 1832620201; 776758-15 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Movshovitz, N AU - Nimmo, F AU - Korycasnky, D G AU - Asphaug, E AU - Owen, J M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 EP - Abstract no1531 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 47 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832620201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Disruption+in+gravity-dominated+impacts%3B+simulation+results+and+scaling&rft.au=Movshovitz%2C+N%3BNimmo%2C+F%3BKorycasnky%2C+D+G%3BAsphaug%2C+E%3BOwen%2C+J+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Movshovitz&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 47th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. 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N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - #02179 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact simulation benchmarking for the double asteroid redirect test (DART) AN - 1832605596; 777371-67 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Stickle, A M AU - Barnouin, O S AU - Syal, M Bruck AU - Cheng, A AU - El-Mir, C AU - Ernst, C M AU - Michel, P AU - Oklay, N AU - Owen, M AU - Price, M AU - Rainey, E S G AU - Ramesh, K T AU - Schwartz, S R AU - Vincent, J AU - Wuennemann, K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 EP - Abstract no2832 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 47 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832605596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Impact+simulation+benchmarking+for+the+double+asteroid+redirect+test+%28DART%29&rft.au=Stickle%2C+A+M%3BBarnouin%2C+O+S%3BSyal%2C+M+Bruck%3BCheng%2C+A%3BEl-Mir%2C+C%3BErnst%2C+C+M%3BMichel%2C+P%3BOklay%2C+N%3BOwen%2C+M%3BPrice%2C+M%3BRainey%2C+E+S+G%3BRamesh%2C+K+T%3BSchwartz%2C+S+R%3BVincent%2C+J%3BWuennemann%2C+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stickle&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 47th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - #02179 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) cycling using porewater stable isotopes in a thermokarst bog in Interior Alaska: results from three conceptual reaction networks AN - 1832603150; 772345-5 AB - Quantifying rates of microbial carbon transformation in peatlands is essential for gaining mechanistic understanding of the factors that influence methane emissions from these systems, and for predicting how emissions will respond to climate change and other disturbances. In this study, we used porewater stable isotopes collected from both the edge and center of a thermokarst bog in Interior Alaska to estimate in situ microbial reaction rates. We expected that near the edge of the thaw feature, actively thawing permafrost and greater abundance of sedges would increase carbon, oxygen and nutrient availability, enabling faster microbial rates relative to the center of the thaw feature. We developed three different conceptual reaction networks that explained the temporal change in porewater CO (sub 2) , CH (sub 4) , delta (super 13) C-CO (sub 2) and delta (super 13) C-CH (sub 4) . All three reaction-network models included methane production, methane oxidation and CO (sub 2) production, and two of the models included homoacetogenesis-a reaction not previously included in isotope-based porewater models. All three models fit the data equally well, but rates resulting from the models differed. Most notably, inclusion of homoacetogenesis altered the modeled pathways of methane production when the reaction was directly coupled to methanogenesis, and it decreased gross methane production rates by up to a factor of five when it remained decoupled from methanogenesis. The ability of all three conceptual reaction networks to successfully match the measured data indicate that this technique for estimating in situ reaction rates requires other data and information from the site to confirm the considered set of microbial reactions. Despite these differences, all models indicated that, as expected, rates were greater at the edge than in the center of the thaw bog, that rates at the edge increased more during the growing season than did rates in the center, and that the ratio of acetoclastic to hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis was greater at the edge than in the center. In both locations, modeled rates (excluding methane oxidation) increased with depth. A puzzling outcome from the effort was that none of the models could fit the porewater dataset without generating "fugitive" carbon (i.e., methane or acetate generated by the models but not detected at the field site), indicating that either our conceptualization of the reactions occurring at the site remains incomplete or our site measurements are missing important carbon transformations and/or carbon fluxes. This model-data discrepancy will motivate and inform future research efforts focused on improving our understanding of carbon cycling in permafrost wetlands. Copyright 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland JF - Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) AU - Neumann, Rebecca B AU - Blazewicz, Steven J AU - Conaway, Christopher H AU - Turetsky, Merritt R AU - Waldrop, Mark P Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 57 EP - 87 PB - Springer, Dordrecht - Boston - Lancaster VL - 127 IS - 1 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832603150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+CH+%28sub+4%29+and+CO+%28sub+2%29+cycling+using+porewater+stable+isotopes+in+a+thermokarst+bog+in+Interior+Alaska%3A+results+from+three+conceptual+reaction+networks&rft.au=Neumann%2C+Rebecca+B%3BBlazewicz%2C+Steven+J%3BConaway%2C+Christopher+H%3BTuretsky%2C+Merritt+R%3BWaldrop%2C+Mark+P&rft.aulast=Neumann&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10533-015-0168-2 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100244/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - SuppNotes - Responsible Editor: James Sickman. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10533-015-0168-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0168-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Demonstration of Protein-Based Human Identification Using the Hair Shaft Proteome. AN - 1818333408; 27603779 AB - Human identification from biological material is largely dependent on the ability to characterize genetic polymorphisms in DNA. Unfortunately, DNA can degrade in the environment, sometimes below the level at which it can be amplified by PCR. Protein however is chemically more robust than DNA and can persist for longer periods. Protein also contains genetic variation in the form of single amino acid polymorphisms. These can be used to infer the status of non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism alleles. To demonstrate this, we used mass spectrometry-based shotgun proteomics to characterize hair shaft proteins in 66 European-American subjects. A total of 596 single nucleotide polymorphism alleles were correctly imputed in 32 loci from 22 genes of subjects' DNA and directly validated using Sanger sequencing. Estimates of the probability of resulting individual non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism allelic profiles in the European population, using the product rule, resulted in a maximum power of discrimination of 1 in 12,500. Imputed non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism profiles from European-American subjects were considerably less frequent in the African population (maximum likelihood ratio = 11,000). The converse was true for hair shafts collected from an additional 10 subjects with African ancestry, where some profiles were more frequent in the African population. Genetically variant peptides were also identified in hair shaft datasets from six archaeological skeletal remains (up to 260 years old). This study demonstrates that quantifiable measures of identity discrimination and biogeographic background can be obtained from detecting genetically variant peptides in hair shaft protein, including hair from bioarchaeological contexts. JF - PloS one AU - Parker, Glendon J AU - Leppert, Tami AU - Anex, Deon S AU - Hilmer, Jonathan K AU - Matsunami, Nori AU - Baird, Lisa AU - Stevens, Jeffery AU - Parsawar, Krishna AU - Durbin-Johnson, Blythe P AU - Rocke, David M AU - Nelson, Chad AU - Fairbanks, Daniel J AU - Wilson, Andrew S AU - Rice, Robert H AU - Woodward, Scott R AU - Bothner, Brian AU - Hart, Bradley R AU - Leppert, Mark AD - Department of Biology, Utah Valley University, Orem, Utah, United States of America. ; Protein-Based Identification Technologies L.L.C., Orem, Utah, United States of America. ; Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, United States of America. ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America. ; Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America. ; Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Core Facility, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America. ; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America. ; School of Archaeological Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom. ; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America. ; Sorenson Molecular Genealogical Foundation, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America. Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1 VL - 11 IS - 9 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1818333408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PloS+one&rft.atitle=Demonstration+of+Protein-Based+Human+Identification+Using+the+Hair+Shaft+Proteome.&rft.au=Parker%2C+Glendon+J%3BLeppert%2C+Tami%3BAnex%2C+Deon+S%3BHilmer%2C+Jonathan+K%3BMatsunami%2C+Nori%3BBaird%2C+Lisa%3BStevens%2C+Jeffery%3BParsawar%2C+Krishna%3BDurbin-Johnson%2C+Blythe+P%3BRocke%2C+David+M%3BNelson%2C+Chad%3BFairbanks%2C+Daniel+J%3BWilson%2C+Andrew+S%3BRice%2C+Robert+H%3BWoodward%2C+Scott+R%3BBothner%2C+Brian%3BHart%2C+Bradley+R%3BLeppert%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Glendon&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=e0160653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PloS+one&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0160653 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-28 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Methods Mol Biol. 2010;673:189-202 [20835799] J Forensic Sci. 2005 Jan;50(1):73-80 [15830999] J Proteomics. 2010 Oct 10;73(11):2092-123 [20816881] J Invest Dermatol. 2005 Mar;124(3):536-44 [15737194] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Apr 16;99(8):5283-8 [11959979] J Forensic Sci. 2009 Sep;54(5):1198-202 [19737254] PLoS Genet. 2013;9(2):e1003296 [23459685] Nature. 2014 Sep 18;513(7518):409-13 [25230663] Forensic Sci Int. 2005 Oct 29;153(2-3):237-46 [15985352] Science. 2002 Apr 12;296(5566):261-2 [11954565] PeerJ. 2014 Aug 05;2:e506 [25165623] PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e51956 [23251662] Nature. 2013 Jan 10;493(7431):216-20 [23201682] Forensic Sci Int. 2006 Dec 1;164(1):20-32 [16360294] Nature. 2013 Jul 4;499(7456):74-8 [23803765] Methods. 2011 Aug;54(4):424-31 [21277371] Curr Biol. 2010 Feb 23;20(4):R174-83 [20178764] Nature. 2012 Nov 1;491(7422):56-65 [23128226] Naturwissenschaften. 2009 Feb;96(2):267-78 [19043689] Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2002 Feb;14(1):110-22 [11792552] Anal Chem. 2014 Jan 7;86(1):567-75 [24299235] Electrophoresis. 2013 Apr;34(8):1151-62 [23400880] Science. 2012 Jul 6;337(6090):64-9 [22604720] Forensic Sci Rev. 1990 Jun;2(1):25-36 [26266704] Anal Biochem. 2012 Feb 1;421(1):43-55 [22056946] Forensic Sci Int Genet. 2013 Jan;7(1):180-8 [23116723] Nat Genet. 2014 Jul;46(7):748-52 [24880339] Hum Genet. 2014 May;133(5):587-97 [24253421] Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2014 Mar 30;28(6):605-15 [24519823] Annu Rev Genet. 2004;38:645-79 [15568989] Bioinformatics. 2004 Jun 12;20(9):1466-7 [14976030] Mol Cell Proteomics. 2008 Sep;7(9):1748-54 [18515861] Proc R Soc Lond A Math Phys Sci. 1946;186(1007):453-61 [20998741] Differentiation. 2004 Dec;72(9-10):527-40 [15617563] Mol Cell Proteomics. 2005 Sep;4(9):1265-72 [15958392] J Forensic Sci Soc. 1985 Jan-Feb;25(1):57-66 [4009146] Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1999 Jan 29;354(1379):77-86; discussion 86-7 [10091249] Clin Chem. 1993 Apr;39(4):561-77 [8472349] J Cosmet Sci. 2011 Mar-Apr;62(2):229-36 [21635850] Ann Anat. 2012 Jan 20;194(1):17-25 [21530205] Proc Biol Sci. 2012 Dec 7;279(1748):4724-33 [23055061] Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2012 Jun 17;19(7):707-15 [22705788] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 May 24;108(21):8611-6 [21555570] Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan;42(Database issue):D7-17 [24259429] Investig Genet. 2010 Dec 01;1(1):14 [21122102] J Proteome Res. 2012 Feb 3;11(2):1009-17 [22103967] Sci Justice. 2002 Jan-Mar;42(1):29-37 [12012647] Mol Cell Proteomics. 2013 Sep;12(9):2383-93 [23720762] Nature. 2010 Sep 2;467(7311):52-8 [20811451] Int J Legal Med. 2010 Mar;124(2):125-31 [19921517] J Forensic Sci. 2005 Sep;50(5):1119-22 [16225218] Forensic Sci Int. 2005 Oct 29;153(2-3):247-59 [15998572] J Proteomics. 2011 Sep 6;74(10):1842-51 [21635977] Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2013 Feb;24(1):31-8 [23142544] J Invest Dermatol. 2005 Mar;124(3):xv-xvii [15737184] Mol Cell Proteomics. 2011 Mar;10(3):M110.000513 [21148632] Forensic Sci Int Genet. 2014 Jan;8(1):187-94 [24315607] Mass Spectrom Rev. 2014 Mar-Apr;33(2):147-56 [24178673] Am J Phys Anthropol. 2012;149 Suppl 55:24-39 [23124308] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jul 20;96(15):8426-31 [10411891] Science. 2011 Oct 7;334(6052):94-8 [21940856] Forensic Sci Int. 2002 Aug 28;128(3):108-14 [12175788] BMJ. 1994 Jul 9;309(6947):102 [8038641] Nature. 1993 Apr 22;362(6422):709-15 [8469282] Mol Cell Proteomics. 2006 May;5(5):789-800 [16446289] J Proteome Res. 2014 Jan 3;13(1):228-40 [24175627] Nat Genet. 2011 Mar;43(3):269-76 [21317889] Nature. 2001 May 10;411(6834):199-204 [11346797] J Proteome Res. 2007 Jun;6(6):2331-40 [17488105] Nature. 2010 Oct 28;467(7319):1061-73 [20981092] Toxicol Ind Health. 1999 Oct;15(6):532-51 [10560132] J Forensic Sci. 2002 Sep;47(5):964-7 [12353582] Br J Dermatol. 2007 Sep;157(3):450-7 [17553052] Nature. 2013 Nov 7;503(7474):18-9 [24201261] Am J Hum Genet. 2016 Apr 7;98 (4):728-34 [27058445] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jan 12;107(2):786-91 [20080753] Nature. 2010 Feb 11;463(7282):757-62 [20148029] Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2011 Feb;22(1):3-8 [20888217] Conflict of Interest: Patent based on the concept and some data presented in this study have been awarded (US 8,877,455 B2, Australian Patent 2011229918, Canadian Patent CA 2794248, and European Patent EP11759843.3, GJP inventor). The patent is owned by Parker Proteomics LLC. Protein-Based Identification Technologies LLC has an exclusive license to develop the intellectual property and is co-owned by Utah Valley University and GJP. This ownership of PBIT and associated intellectual property does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-28 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160653 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controls on sediment flux through the Indus submarine canyon during the last glacial cycle AN - 1815665218; 2016-076402 AB - Transport of sediment through canyons on continental margins is one of the primary processes responsible for building submarine fans in many deep-sea basins. These fans are not only of economic interest as hydrocarbon reservoirs but also are potentially high-resolution archives of changing environmental conditions in the onshore drainage basins. Earlier models for sediment transport through canyons indicated a dominant role for sea level in controlling this flux, but this largely ignored the role of climatically modulated sediment delivery. We focus on evaluating the roles played by sea level variations and sediment supply in feeding sediment through the submarine canyon to the deep-sea basin and to assess the continuity of sandy channel fills. Classic sequence stratigraphic models argue that submarine canyons and their associated deep-sea fans should become inactive during periods of rising and high sealevel as accommodation space is generated on the continental shelf. New cores from the canyon now show that sediment has been propagating deep through the shelf canyon during the entire Holocene. Sediment accumulation is known to be very rapid in recent times at the head of the canyon, but new (super 14) C ages from foraminifera show that sandy sedimentation was ongoing in much deeper water in what is now an ox-bow cut-off at approximately 7 ka. A core in the mid shelf canyon shows that sedimentation there has been rapid since at least 1000 yrs ago, and may have involved significant recycling, possibly from the depocenter at the canyon head. Nd and Sr isotopes allow us to see that sediment in the canyon is of the same composition as that in the river mouth at the time of sedimentation. This raises the possibility that the river was directly supplying sediment to the canyon since at least 5 ka, shortly after eustatic sealevel stopped rising. Our data indicate that despite sealevel rise sediment supply to the canyon was not cut-off during the deglaciation, although the volume of the flux was reduced. We suggest that enhanced sediment supply, driven by strong monsoon rains onshore compensated for the rising sealevel and allowed the connection between river and canyon to be maintained. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Li, Yuting AU - Clift, Peter D AU - Boning, Philipp AU - Giosan, Liviu AU - Guilderson, Tom AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 12 EP - 3 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815665218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Controls+on+sediment+flux+through+the+Indus+submarine+canyon+during+the+last+glacial+cycle&rft.au=Li%2C+Yuting%3BClift%2C+Peter+D%3BBoning%2C+Philipp%3BGiosan%2C+Liviu%3BGuilderson%2C+Tom%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Yuting&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2Fabs%2F2016SC-271517 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, South-Central Section, 50th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016SC-271517 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complex moraine exposure ages on Holocene moraines in the Sierra Nevada; a Neoglacial conundrum AN - 1812218823; 2016-070668 AB - In an effort to test the temporal and spatial variability of Holocene glaciation in the Sierra Nevada, CA, we have collected samples for (super 10) Be CRN exposure dating from moraines and rock glaciers below six different cirques between Lake Tahoe and Big Pine. Our preliminary results present a conundrum: although all deposits are geomorphically young (fresh unweathered boulders, unstable and unvegetated slopes) and were previously mapped as Matthes age (Little Ice Age (LIA) equivalent), only some moraines show dominantly young ages consistent with the mapping and other previous studies of Neoglaciation in the range. In contrast, some of the moraines show a majority of ages thousands of years older than LIA. For example, nearly all (super 10) Be ages on Matthes moraines below the Lyell Glacier (Yosemite NP) lie between 150-300 yr before 2015, whereas similar moraines below the adjacent Maclure Glacier have exposure ages ranging from 1900-3900 yr old. Boulders on correlative Matthes moraines to the north below Price Peak (west Lake Tahoe) have exposure ages ranging from 1900-9900 yr old, with no ages within the LIA window. The abundance of preLIA exposure ages on many of these moraines seemingly contradicts both historical photographic evidence as well as geomorphic and lake sediment evidence, which indicate that the most extensive Holocene glaciation in the Sierra Nevada was during the late LIA. Although inheritance in moraines of such small glaciers likely explains some of the discrepancy, internal consistency of ages at some sites belies that as the sole reason. Some ages, such as those below the Maclure Glacier, may reflect slow flow dynamics associated with debris covered glaciers (rock glaciers). The older ages below Price Peak, however, are more difficult to reconcile with previous studies, particularly those indicating absence of glaciers in the Sierra before approximately 3500 cal yr BP. Other possible explanations include deposition related to protalus processes or to discrete events (e.g., earthquake induced rockfall); conversely, the ages may indicate that Holocene glaciation in the range was more spatially and temporally heterogeneous than previously thought. CRN analyses of the remainder of the samples, as well as planned lake-sediment coring below select sites, may help resolve this conundrum. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Clark, Douglas H AU - Hidy, Alan J AU - Zimmerman, Susan H AU - Finkel, Robert C AU - Stock, Greg M AU - Schaefer, Joerg M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 3 EP - 2 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 4 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812218823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Complex+moraine+exposure+ages+on+Holocene+moraines+in+the+Sierra+Nevada%3B+a+Neoglacial+conundrum&rft.au=Clark%2C+Douglas+H%3BHidy%2C+Alan+J%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan+H%3BFinkel%2C+Robert+C%3BStock%2C+Greg+M%3BSchaefer%2C+Joerg+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2Fabs%2F2016CD-274799 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 112th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016CD-274799 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Explosion Aftershock Model with Application to On-Site Inspection AN - 1808378650; PQ0002587135 AB - An estimate of aftershock activity due to a theoretical underground nuclear explosion is produced using an aftershock rate model. The model is developed with data from the Nevada National Security Site, formerly known as the Nevada Test Site, and the Semipalatinsk Test Site, which we take to represent soft-rock and hard-rock testing environments, respectively. Estimates of expected magnitude and number of aftershocks are calculated using the models for different testing and inspection scenarios. These estimates can help inform the Seismic Aftershock Monitoring System (SAMS) deployment in a potential Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty On-Site Inspection (OSI), by giving the OSI team a probabilistic assessment of potential aftershocks in the Inspection Area (IA). The aftershock assessment, combined with an estimate of the background seismicity in the IA and an empirically derived map of threshold magnitude for the SAMS network, could aid the OSI team in reporting. We apply the hard-rock model to a M5 event and combine it with the very sensitive detection threshold for OSI sensors to show that tens of events per day are expected up to a month after an explosion measured several kilometers away. JF - Pure and Applied Geophysics AU - Ford, Sean R AU - Labak, Peter AD - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA, sean@llnl.gov Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 173 EP - 181 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 173 IS - 1 SN - 0033-4553, 0033-4553 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Sensors KW - USA, Nevada KW - Explosions KW - Treaties KW - Nuclear explosions KW - Nuclear Explosions KW - Geophysics KW - Inspection KW - Monitoring KW - Monitoring systems KW - Modelling KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808378650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pure+and+Applied+Geophysics&rft.atitle=An+Explosion+Aftershock+Model+with+Application+to+On-Site+Inspection&rft.au=Ford%2C+Sean+R%3BLabak%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Ford&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=173&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pure+and+Applied+Geophysics&rft.issn=00334553&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00024-015-1041-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensors; Nuclear explosions; Geophysics; Monitoring systems; Explosions; Modelling; Nuclear Explosions; Monitoring; Inspection; Treaties; USA, Nevada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-015-1041-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reconstructing the glacial history of the Hunafloi Bay region in northwest Iceland using cosmogenic (super 36) Cl surface exposure dating AN - 1807508925; 2016-067453 AB - Current knowledge of ice sheet geometry and extent in Iceland during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent deglaciation is based on a combination of marine-based records, terrestrial evidence, and glaciological model simulations. Ongoing studies, including recently published (super 36) Cl exposure ages of bedrock surfaces and moraines in the West Fjords (Vestfirdir), have continued to expand on available glacial records, but critical details regarding the timing and nature of deglaciation remain unresolved. One long-standing question concerns whether a restricted ice cap on the Vestfirdir peninsula existed independently from the main Iceland ice sheet during the LGM, or if the two ice sectors coalesced into one large ice complex. In this study, we are developing a suite of (super 36) Cl surface exposure ages on glacially scoured bedrock from Vestfirdir and around Hunafloi Bay to further define the pattern and chronology of ice sheet margin retreat in northwest Iceland during the last deglaciation. Sample sites are distributed specifically in the region where the two ice sectors may or may not have been merged during the LGM, and hence provide an opportunity to directly evaluate hypothesized ice sheet configurations. Dated ice margin positions from this study will be combined with ice sheet surface profiles derived from previously dated tuyas in the Northern Volcanic Zone, in order to place empirical constraints on ice sheet geometry across northern Iceland during the last deglaciation. Additionally, the new (super 36) Cl ages will be considered within the context of properties of streamlined landforms in the valleys of Vididalur, Vatnsdalur, and Svinadalur, south of Hunafloi Bay, which support the presence of paleo-ice stream activity in northern Iceland. The improved terrestrial chronology of glacial thinning, retreat, and ice stream activity in this region will inform future glaciological modeling studies in Iceland. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Houts, Amanda N AU - Licciardi, Joseph M AU - Principato, Sarah M AU - Zimmerman, Susan H AU - Finkel, Robert C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 9 EP - 3 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Reconstructing+the+glacial+history+of+the+Hunafloi+Bay+region+in+northwest+Iceland+using+cosmogenic+%28super+36%29+Cl+surface+exposure+dating&rft.au=Houts%2C+Amanda+N%3BLicciardi%2C+Joseph+M%3BPrincipato%2C+Sarah+M%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan+H%3BFinkel%2C+Robert+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Houts&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2Fabs%2F2016NE-272423 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 51st annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016NE-272423 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Late glacial and early Holocene glacier fluctuations in the Rwenzori Mountains, Uganda-Democratic Republic of Congo AN - 1807507781; 2016-067396 AB - The tropics are the locus of global atmospheric convergence and water vapor production, and as such have the potential to amplify - or trigger - global climate changes. However, the role of the tropics in the climate system is unclear. Both the magnitude and timing of warming in the tropics since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; approximately 26-19.5 ka) is uncertain, as is the question of whether temperatures across the tropics fluctuated synchronously following the LGM. Here we present a chronology of glaciation from the Rwenzori Mountains, Uganda-Democratic Republic of Congo, and compare these data to similar chronologies from elsewhere in the tropics. Using cosmogenic (super 10) Be to date glacial deposits, we determined the timing and magnitude of ice fluctuations following the LGM. This chronology indicates that ice was more extensive prior to the Younger Dryas (YD; approximately 12.9-11.6 ka). No YD-age moraines are identified, but ice in the Rwenzori was inboard of its pre-YD extent throughout YD time. Rapid recession occurred between approximately 11.5 and approximately 10.0 ka during the early Holocene ( approximately 11.6-8.0 ka). When compared with similar datasets from tropical South America, there is a broad synchrony in both the timing and magnitude of ice recession across the tropics during the later stages of deglaciation and the early Holocene. This suggests that glaciers in both tropical Africa and South America responded to a common driver during this time. Because the hydrologic histories of tropical South America and Africa are distinct since the LGM, we suggest that temperature was the primary driver of glacier fluctuations in both regions. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Jackson, Margaret S AU - Kelly, Meredith A AU - Russell, James M AU - Doughty, Alice M AU - Howley, Jennifer A AU - Baber, Margaret B AU - Zimmerman, Susan H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 3 EP - 8 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807507781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Late+glacial+and+early+Holocene+glacier+fluctuations+in+the+Rwenzori+Mountains%2C+Uganda-Democratic+Republic+of+Congo&rft.au=Jackson%2C+Margaret+S%3BKelly%2C+Meredith+A%3BRussell%2C+James+M%3BDoughty%2C+Alice+M%3BHowley%2C+Jennifer+A%3BBaber%2C+Margaret+B%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2Fabs%2F2016NE-271830 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 51st annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016NE-271830 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in magma storage conditions following caldera collapse at Okataina volcanic center, New Zealand AN - 1797541496; 2016-051120 AB - Large silicic volcanic centers produce both small rhyolitic eruptions and catastrophic caldera-forming eruptions. Although changes in trace element and isotopic compositions within eruptions following caldera collapse have been observed at rhyolitic volcanic centers such as Yellowstone and Long Valley, much still remains unknown about the ways in which magma reservoirs are affected by caldera collapse. We present (super 238) U- (super 230) Th age, trace element, and Hf isotopic data from individual zircon crystals from four eruptions from the Okataina Volcanic Center, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand, in order to assess changes in trace element and isotopic composition of the reservoir following the 45-ka caldera-forming Rotoiti eruption. Our data indicate that (1) mixing of magmas derived from crustal melts and mantle melts takes place within the shallow reservoir; (2) while the basic processes of melt generation likely did not change significantly between pre- and post-caldera rhyolites, post-caldera zircons show increased trace element and isotopic heterogeneity that suggests a decrease in the degree of interconnectedness of the liquid within the reservoir following collapse; and (3) post-caldera eruptions from different vents indicate different storage times of the amalgamated melt prior to eruption. These data further suggest that the timescales needed to generate large volumes of eruptible melt may depend on the timescales needed to increase interconnectedness and achieve widespread homogenization throughout the reservoir. Copyright 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg JF - Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology AU - Rubin, Allison AU - Cooper, Kari M AU - Leever, Marissa AU - Wimpenny, Josh AU - Deering, Chad AU - Rooney, Tyrone AU - Gravley, Darren AU - Yin, Qingzhu Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 EP - unpaginated PB - Springer International, Heidelberg - New York VL - 171 IS - 1 SN - 0010-7999, 0010-7999 KW - silicates KW - volcanic rocks KW - ion probe data KW - collapse structures KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - Haroharo Caldera KW - mass spectra KW - Okataina volcanic centre KW - Th/U KW - North Island KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - volcanic features KW - hafnium KW - dates KW - orthosilicates KW - absolute age KW - spectra KW - rare earths KW - trace elements KW - zircon group KW - rhyolites KW - Quaternary KW - Australasia KW - zircon KW - Taupo volcanic zone KW - volcanic centers KW - nesosilicates KW - ICP mass spectra KW - calderas KW - SHRIMP data KW - metals KW - magmas KW - eruptions KW - Rotoiti KW - volcanoes KW - Pleistocene KW - New Zealand KW - magma chambers KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797541496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contributions+to+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.atitle=Changes+in+magma+storage+conditions+following+caldera+collapse+at+Okataina+volcanic+center%2C+New+Zealand&rft.au=Rubin%2C+Allison%3BCooper%2C+Kari+M%3BLeever%2C+Marissa%3BWimpenny%2C+Josh%3BDeering%2C+Chad%3BRooney%2C+Tyrone%3BGravley%2C+Darren%3BYin%2C+Qingzhu&rft.aulast=Rubin&rft.aufirst=Allison&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=171&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contributions+to+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.issn=00107999&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00410-015-1216-6 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(zmx2wiu4y01pcgigj5i3jxf5)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100406,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - CMPEAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Australasia; calderas; Cenozoic; collapse structures; dates; eruptions; hafnium; Haroharo Caldera; ICP mass spectra; igneous rocks; ion probe data; isotopes; magma chambers; magmas; mass spectra; metals; nesosilicates; New Zealand; North Island; Okataina volcanic centre; orthosilicates; Pleistocene; Quaternary; rare earths; rhyolites; Rotoiti; SHRIMP data; silicates; spectra; Taupo volcanic zone; Th/U; trace elements; upper Pleistocene; volcanic centers; volcanic features; volcanic rocks; volcanoes; zircon; zircon group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-015-1216-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precipitation pathways for ferrihydrite formation in acidic solutions AN - 1793204608; 2016-046293 AB - Iron oxides and oxyhydroxides form via Fe (super 3+) hydrolysis and polymerization in many aqueous environments, but the pathway from Fe (super 3+) monomers to oligomers and then to solid phase nuclei is unknown. In this work, using combined X-ray, UV-vis, and Moessbauer spectroscopic approaches, we were able to identify and quantify the long-time sought ferric speciation over time during ferric oxyhydroxide formation in partially-neutralized ferric nitrate solutions ([Fe (super 3+) ] = 0.2 M, 1.8 < pH < 3). Results demonstrate that Fe exists mainly as Fe(H (sub 2) O) (sub 6) (super 3+) , mu -oxo aquo dimers and ferrihydrite, and that with time, the mu -oxo dimer decreases while the other two species increase in their concentrations. No larger Fe oligomers were detected. Given that the structure of the mu -oxo dimer is incompatible with those of all Fe oxides and oxyhydroxides, our results suggest that reconfiguration of the mu -oxo dimer structure occurs prior to further condensation leading up to the nucleation of ferrihydrite. The structural reconfiguration is likely the rate-limiting step involved in the nucleation process. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Zhu, Mengqiang AU - Frandsen, Cathrine AU - Wallace, Adam F AU - Legg, Benjamin AU - Khalid, Syed AU - Zhang, Hengzhong AU - Morup, Steen AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Waychunas, Glenn A Y1 - 2016/01/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jan 01 SP - 247 EP - 264 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 172 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - iron oxides KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - hydrolysis KW - crystal structure KW - polymerization KW - aqueous solutions KW - iron KW - water-rock interaction KW - ultraviolet spectra KW - oxides KW - acidic composition KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - ferrihydrite KW - iron hydroxides KW - hydroxides KW - nucleation KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - crystal chemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793204608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Precipitation+pathways+for+ferrihydrite+formation+in+acidic+solutions&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Mengqiang%3BFrandsen%2C+Cathrine%3BWallace%2C+Adam+F%3BLegg%2C+Benjamin%3BKhalid%2C+Syed%3BZhang%2C+Hengzhong%3BMorup%2C+Steen%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn+A&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Mengqiang&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=172&rft.issue=&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.09.015 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 86 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; aqueous solutions; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; EXAFS data; experimental studies; ferrihydrite; hydrolysis; hydroxides; iron; iron hydroxides; iron oxides; metals; Mossbauer spectra; nucleation; oxides; pH; pollutants; pollution; polymerization; precipitation; solutes; spectra; ultraviolet spectra; water pollution; water-rock interaction; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.09.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Late Quaternary slip-rate along the central Bangong-Chaxikang segment of the Karakorum Fault, western Tibet AN - 1756508371; 2016-007685 AB - Insight into the spatial and temporal changes of slip-rate is essential to understand the kinematic role of large strike-slip faults in continental collision zones. Geodetic and geologic rates from present to several million years ago along the Karakorum fault range from 0 to 11 mm/yr. Here, we determine the first late Quaternary slip-rate at the southern end of the linear Bangong-Chaxikang segment of the Karakorum fault, using cumulative offsets (20-200 m) of fans and terraces at three sites, as well as 74 new 10Be surface-exposure ages to constrain the age of these offset geomorphic markers. The rate is >3 mm/yr at sites Gun and Chaxikang, and it is >1.7-2.2 mm/yr at the Gar fan site. Together with rates obtained along the southernmost Menshi-Kailas segment, the Karakorum fault slip-rate seems to increase southeastward from south of Bangong Lake to Kailas (from >3 to >8 mm/yr). These Karakorum fault slip-rate data (>3-8 mm/yr), together with the total length of the fault (>1000 km) and its initiation age (>13-23 Ma), confirm that the Karakorum fault is the major fault accommodating dextral strike-slip motion NE of the western Himalayas. The dextral Karakorum fault in the south and the conjugate left-lateral Longmu Co-Altyn Tagh fault system in the north are thus the major strike-slip faults of western Tibet, which contribute to eastward extrusion of Tibet. JF - Geological Society of America Bulletin AU - Chevalier, Marie-Luce AU - van der Woerd, Jerome AU - Tapponnier, Paul AU - Li, Haibing AU - Ryerson, Frederick J AU - Finkel, Robert C Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 284 EP - 314 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 128 IS - 1-2 SN - 0016-7606, 0016-7606 KW - Far East KW - western Xizang China KW - isotopes KW - slip rates KW - strike-slip faults KW - displacements KW - exposure age KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dates KW - Xizang China KW - absolute age KW - tectonics KW - Asia KW - faults KW - China KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Quaternary KW - Be-10 KW - Karakoram Fault KW - kinematics KW - metals KW - upper Quaternary KW - beryllium KW - 03:Geochronology KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geological+Society+of+America+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Late+Quaternary+slip-rate+along+the+central+Bangong-Chaxikang+segment+of+the+Karakorum+Fault%2C+western+Tibet&rft.au=Chevalier%2C+Marie-Luce%3Bvan+der+Woerd%2C+Jerome%3BTapponnier%2C+Paul%3BLi%2C+Haibing%3BRyerson%2C+Frederick+J%3BFinkel%2C+Robert+C&rft.aulast=Chevalier&rft.aufirst=Marie-Luce&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=284&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geological+Society+of+America+Bulletin&rft.issn=00167606&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FB31269.1 L2 - http://gsabulletin.gsapubs.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 137 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - BUGMAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; alkaline earth metals; Asia; Be-10; beryllium; Cenozoic; China; dates; displacements; exposure age; Far East; faults; isotopes; Karakoram Fault; kinematics; metals; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; slip rates; strike-slip faults; tectonics; upper Quaternary; western Xizang China; Xizang China DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B31269.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paclitaxel Enhances Carboplatin-DNA Adduct Formation and Cytotoxicity. AN - 1751194281; 26544157 AB - This rapid report focuses on the pharmacodynamic mechanism of the carboplatin/paclitaxel combination and correlates it with its cytotoxicity. Consistent with the synergistic to additive antitumor activity (the combination index ranging from 0.53 to 0.94), cells exposed to this combination had significantly increased carboplatin-DNA adduct formation when compared to that of carboplatin alone (450 ± 30 versus 320 ± 120 adducts per 10(8) nucleotides at 2 h, p = 0.004). Removal of paclitaxel increased the repair of carboplatin-DNA adducts: 39.4 versus 33.1 adducts per 10(8) nucleotides per hour in carboplatin alone (p = 0.021). This rapid report provides the first pharmacodynamics data to support the use of carboplatin/paclitaxel combination in the clinic. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Jiang, Shuai AU - Pan, Amy W AU - Lin, Tzu-yin AU - Zhang, Hongyong AU - Malfatti, Michael AU - Turteltaub, Kenneth AU - Henderson, Paul T AU - Pan, Chong-xian AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California Davis , 4501 X Street, Room 3016, Sacramento, California 95817, United States. ; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, United States. Y1 - 2015/12/21/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Dec 21 SP - 2250 EP - 2252 VL - 28 IS - 12 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - carboplatin-DNA adduct KW - Carboplatin KW - BG3F62OND5 KW - Paclitaxel KW - P88XT4IS4D KW - Index Medicus KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- pharmacology KW - Drug Synergism KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- therapeutic use KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- toxicity KW - DNA Adducts -- toxicity KW - Carboplatin -- toxicity KW - Carboplatin -- metabolism KW - Paclitaxel -- therapeutic use KW - Paclitaxel -- pharmacology KW - Carboplatin -- therapeutic use KW - DNA Adducts -- therapeutic use KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1751194281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Paclitaxel+Enhances+Carboplatin-DNA+Adduct+Formation+and+Cytotoxicity.&rft.au=Jiang%2C+Shuai%3BPan%2C+Amy+W%3BLin%2C+Tzu-yin%3BZhang%2C+Hongyong%3BMalfatti%2C+Michael%3BTurteltaub%2C+Kenneth%3BHenderson%2C+Paul+T%3BPan%2C+Chong-xian&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=Shuai&rft.date=2015-12-21&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2250&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=1520-5010&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.chemrestox.5b00422 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-08-08 N1 - Date created - 2015-12-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2001;47(1):22-6 [11221957] Gynecol Oncol. 2013 Feb;128(2):377-82 [23168176] Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2001 Jun;67(3):223-33 [11561768] Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2001 Sep;48(3):229-34 [11592345] Anal Chem. 2003 May 1;75(9):2192-6 [12720362] Nat Rev Cancer. 2004 Apr;4(4):253-65 [15057285] Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2004 Sep;34(9):499-504 [15466821] Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1983;11(1):5-7 [6349844] Drug Metab Dispos. 1995 Apr;23(4):506-12 [7600920] Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1996;37(4):382-4 [8548886] Toxicol Lett. 1998 Dec 28;102-103:435-9 [10022292] Anticancer Drugs. 2005 Apr;16(4):417-22 [15746578] Pharmacol Rev. 2006 Sep;58(3):621-81 [16968952] Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Apr;9(4):297-308 [18285803] Cancer Res. 2010 Jan 15;70(2):440-6 [20068163] Bioanalysis. 2010 Mar;2(3):373-6 [21083245] Cancer Lett. 2001 Apr 26;165(2):147-53 [11275363] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00422 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Virtual seismometers for induced seismicity monitoring AN - 1849310857; 2016-109397 AB - Induced seismicity is associated with subsurface fluid injection, and puts at risk efforts to develop geologic carbon sequestration and enhanced geothermal systems. We are developing methods to monitor the microseismically active zone so that we can identify faults at risk of slipping. We are using the Virtual Seismometer Method (VSM), which is an interferometric technique that is very sensitive to the source parameters (location, mechanism and magnitude) and to the earth structure in the source region. Given an ideal geometry, that is, when two quakes are roughly in line with a recording station, the correlation of their waveforms provide a precise estimate of the Green's function between them, modified by their source mechanisms. When measuring microseismicity, this geometry is rarely ideal and we need to account for variations in the geometry as well. VSM enables us to virtually place seismometers inside a micro events cloud, where we can focus on properties directly between induced micro events, and doing so, monitor the evolution of the seismicity and precisely image potential fault zones. Here, we show that the cross-correlated signals recorded at the surface are a combination of the strain field between two sources times a moment tensor. Based on this relationship, we demonstrate how we can use this measured cross-correlated signal to invert for focal mechanism. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Morency, Christina AU - Matzel, Eric AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51M EP - 1565 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310857?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Virtual+seismometers+for+induced+seismicity+monitoring&rft.au=Morency%2C+Christina%3BMatzel%2C+Eric%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Morency&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of heterogeneity in proppant distribution due to engineered and natural processes during hydraulic fracturing AN - 1849310557; 2016-109491 AB - Proppant, such as sand, is injected during hydraulic fracturing to maintain fracture aperture and conductivity. Proppant performance is a complex result of fluid flow, discrete particle mechanics and geomechanical deformation. We present investigations into these phenomena at scales ranging from millimeters to meters. Traditionally, the design goal for proppant placement is uniform distribution by using viscous carrier fluids that keep the proppant suspended and maintain conductivity over the full area of the fracture. Large volume hydraulic fracturing in shales typically use low viscosity fluids, resulting in proppant settling out from the carrier fluid. Consequently, the proppant occupies the lower portion of the fracture. In addition, many shale plays host natural fractures that take up injected carrier fluid, but may not develop sufficient aperture to accommodate proppant. We present simulations investigating natural development of heterogeneity in proppant distribution within fracture networks due to settling and network flow. In addition to natural development of heterogeneity, the petroleum industry has sought to engineer heterogeneity to generate isolated propped portions of the fracture that maintain aperture in adjacent, open channels. We present two examples of such heterogeneous proppant placement (HPP) technologies. The first involves pulsating proppant at the wellhead and the second utilizes a homogenous composite fluid that develops heterogeneity spontaneously through hydrodynamic instabilities. We present simulation results that compare these approaches and conclude that spontaneous creation of heterogeneity has distinct geomechanical advantages. Finally, we present simulations at the scale of individual proppant particles that emphasize the complexity of dynamic instabilities and their influence upon proppant fate. Disclaimer: This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Morris, Joseph AU - Roy, Pratanu AU - Walsh, Stuart AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H54F EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310557?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Development+of+heterogeneity+in+proppant+distribution+due+to+engineered+and+natural+processes+during+hydraulic+fracturing&rft.au=Morris%2C+Joseph%3BRoy%2C+Pratanu%3BWalsh%2C+Stuart%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic imaging of open subsurface fractures AN - 1849310523; 2016-109394 AB - Injection of high-pressure fluid into the subsurface is proven to stimulate geothermal, oil, and gas production by opening cracks that increase permeability. The effectiveness of increasing permeability by high-pressure injection has been revolutionized by the introduction of "proppants" into the injected fluid to keep cracks open after the pressure of the stimulation activity ends. The network of fractures produced during stimulation is most commonly inferred by the location of micro-earthquakes. However, existing (closed) fractures may open aseismically, so the whole fracture network may not be imaged by micro-seismic locations alone. Further, whether all new fractures remain open and for how long remains unclear. Open cracks, even fluid-filled cracks, scatter seismic waves because traction forces are not transmitted across the gap. Numerical simulation confirms that an open crack with dimensions on the order of 10 meters can scatter enough seismic energy to change the coda of seismic signals. Our simulations show that changes in seismic coda due to newly opened fractures are only a few percent of peak seismogram amplitudes, making signals from open cracks difficult to identify. We are developing advanced signal processing methods to identify candidate signals that originate from open cracks. These methods are based on differencing seismograms that are recorded before and after high-pressure fluid injection events to identify changes in the coda. The origins of candidate signals are located using time-reversal techniques to determine if the signals are indeed associated with a coherent structure. The source of scattered energy is compared to micro-seismic event locations to determine whether cracks opened seismically or aseismically. This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-ABS-675612. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Myers, Stephen C AU - Pitarka, Arben AU - Matzel, Eric AU - Aguiar, Ana C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51M EP - 1562 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Seismic+imaging+of+open+subsurface+fractures&rft.au=Myers%2C+Stephen+C%3BPitarka%2C+Arben%3BMatzel%2C+Eric%3BAguiar%2C+Ana+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The DOE subsurface (SubTER) initiative; revolutionizing responsible use of the subsurface for energy production and storage AN - 1849310478; 2016-109393 AB - The subsurface supplies more than 80% of the U.S.'s total energy needs through geothermal and hydrocarbon strategies and also provides vast potential for safe storage of CO (sub 2) and disposal of nuclear waste. Responsible and efficient use of the subsurface poses many challenges, many of which require the capability to monitor and manipulate sub-surface stress, fractures, and fluid flow at all scales. Adaptive control of subsurface fractures and flow is a multi-disciplinary challenge that, if achieved, has the potential to transform all subsurface energy strategies. As part of the U.S. Department of Energy's SubTER (Subsurface Technology and Engineering Research development and demonstration) initiative, a multi-National Laboratory team is developing next-generation approaches that will allow for adaptive control of subsurface fractures and flow. SubTER has identified an initial suite of technical thrust areas to focus work, and has initiated a number of small projects. This presentation will describe early progress associated with the SubTER technical topic areas of wellbore integrity, subsurface stress and induced seismicity, permeability manipulation and new subsurface signals. It will also describe SubTER plans, and provide a venue to solicit suggestions and discuss potential partnerships associated with future research directions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Walck, Marianne C AU - Blankenship, Doug AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Bromhal, Grant S AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Pawar, Rajesh AU - Polsky, Yarom AU - Mattson, Earl AU - Mellors, Roberts J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51M EP - 1561 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+DOE+subsurface+%28SubTER%29+initiative%3B+revolutionizing+responsible+use+of+the+subsurface+for+energy+production+and+storage&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BWalck%2C+Marianne+C%3BBlankenship%2C+Doug%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BBromhal%2C+Grant+S%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BPawar%2C+Rajesh%3BPolsky%2C+Yarom%3BMattson%2C+Earl%3BMellors%2C+Roberts+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benthic records of seawater carbonate ion and temperature for the past 30,000 years in the Southwest Pacific Ocean AN - 1849306930; 2016-109764 AB - Records of past seawater temperature and carbonate chemistry from the interior ocean can provide insight into the role of changing ocean circulation and deep carbon storage in ice age cycles. Here we present trace element and stable isotope data from benthic foraminiferal calcite from sediment cores in New Zealand's Bay of Plenty ( approximately 37 degrees S), a region that is influenced by deep waters derived from the Pacific and Southern Oceans. Large deglacial shifts in carbonate ion ([CO (sub 3) (super 2-) ]) have been observed at approximately 1600m depth (Allen et al., 2015), likely reflecting a combination of shifting water mass boundaries and loss of CO (sub 2) from interior ocean waters. Extension of this record deeper into the ice age suggests that carbonate chemistry may also have shifted during HS2 ( approximately 23-26 ka). Mg/Ca records suggest that deep waters warmed gradually since the Last Glacial Maximum, with peak temperatures coinciding with peak [CO (sub 3) (super 2-) ] at approximately 14.5 ka during the Antarctic Cold Reversal. We discuss these records in regional context and explore the implications for ocean-climate links on millennial and ice age timescales. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Allen, Katherine A AU - Sikes, Elisabeth L AU - Hoenisch, Baerbel AU - Elmore, Aurora AU - Guilderson, Thomas P AU - Rosenthal, Yair AU - Anderson, Robert F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract PP53D EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849306930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Benthic+records+of+seawater+carbonate+ion+and+temperature+for+the+past+30%2C000+years+in+the+Southwest+Pacific+Ocean&rft.au=Allen%2C+Katherine+A%3BSikes%2C+Elisabeth+L%3BHoenisch%2C+Baerbel%3BElmore%2C+Aurora%3BGuilderson%2C+Thomas+P%3BRosenthal%2C+Yair%3BAnderson%2C+Robert+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modern measurements of uranium decay rates AN - 1849300282; 2016-106152 AB - It has been widely recognized that accurate and precise decay constants (lambda ) are critical to geochronology as highlighted by the EARTHTIME initiative, particularly the calibration benchmarks lambda (sub 235U) and lambda (sub 238U) . Alpha counting experiments in 1971 measured lambda (sub 235U) and lambda (sub 238U) with approximately 0.1% precision, but have never been independently validated. We are embarking on new direct measurements of lambda (sub 235U) , lambda (sub 238U) , lambda (sub 234Th) , and lambda (sub 234U) using independent approaches for each nuclide. For the measurement of lambda (sub 235U) , highly enriched (super 235) U samples will be chemically purified and analyzed for U concentration and isotopic composition by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). Thin films will be electrodeposited from these solutions and the alpha activity will be measured in an alpha -gamma coincidence counting apparatus, which allows reduced uncertainty in counting efficiency while achieving adequate counting statistics. For lambda (sub 238U) measurement we will measure ingrowth of (super 234) Th in chemically purified, isotopically enriched (super 238) U solutions, by quantitatively separating the Th and allowing complete decay to (super 234) U. All of the measurements will be done using MC-ICP-MS aiming at 0.05% precision. This approach is expected to result in values of lambda (sub 238U) with less than 0.1% uncertainty, if combined with improved lambda (sub 234Th) measurements. These will be achieved using direct decay measurements with an E-Delta E charged particle telescope in coincidence with a gamma detector. This system allows measurement of (super 234) Th beta -decay and simultaneous detection and identification of alpha particles emitted by the (super 234) U daughter, thus observing lambda (sub 234U) at the same time. The high-precision lambda (sub 234U) obtained by the direct activity measurements can independently verify the commonly used values obtained by indirect methods. An overarching goal of the project is to ensure the quality of results including metrological traceability in order to facilitate implementation across diverse disciplines. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Parsons-Moss, Tashi AU - Faye, Sherry A AU - Williams, Ross W AU - Wang, Tzu-Fang AU - Renne, Paul R AU - Mundil, Roland AU - Harrison, Mark AU - Bandong, Bryan B AU - Moody, Kenton AU - Knight, Kimberly B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract V51A EP - 3026 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849300282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Modern+measurements+of+uranium+decay+rates&rft.au=Parsons-Moss%2C+Tashi%3BFaye%2C+Sherry+A%3BWilliams%2C+Ross+W%3BWang%2C+Tzu-Fang%3BRenne%2C+Paul+R%3BMundil%2C+Roland%3BHarrison%2C+Mark%3BBandong%2C+Bryan+B%3BMoody%2C+Kenton%3BKnight%2C+Kimberly+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Parsons-Moss&rft.aufirst=Tashi&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scaled tests and simulation of triboelectric charging and arc discharge in an expanding dust plume AN - 1849299624; 2016-106138 AB - The arc breakdown commonly generated in volcanic eruptions is reproduced in field experiments of rapidly expanding dust clouds driven by explosive charges. The controlled format also conveniently allows us to vary particulate content and velocities and to precisely instrument the event with radiofrequency, optical and spectral sensors. We observe electrical discharges during the turbulent phase of the cloud expansion, which we use as benchmarks to validate a multiphase 3D simulation. The simulation computes electrostatic potentials by considering the hydrodynamics, chemical kinetics and charge transport for a distribution of particle sizes entrained in the expanding gas cloud. A separate hybrid fluid/kinetic plasma code is employed to simulate the avalanche breakdown between charge pockets. Finally the propagation of radiated fields through regions of strongly dispersive partially ionized gas are computed in an electromagnetic finite element solver. Insight from the model validation may help us better understand the connection between plume dynamics and volcanic lightning. Prepared by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Sears, Jason AU - Kuhl, Allen AU - Grote, Dave AU - Converse, Mark AU - Kueny, Chris AU - Larson, Dave AU - Poole, Brian AU - Schmidt, Andrea AU - Rose, David V AU - Kirkendall, Barry AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract V44B EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849299624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Scaled+tests+and+simulation+of+triboelectric+charging+and+arc+discharge+in+an+expanding+dust+plume&rft.au=Sears%2C+Jason%3BKuhl%2C+Allen%3BGrote%2C+Dave%3BConverse%2C+Mark%3BKueny%2C+Chris%3BLarson%2C+Dave%3BPoole%2C+Brian%3BSchmidt%2C+Andrea%3BRose%2C+David+V%3BKirkendall%2C+Barry%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sears&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New hydrogen self diffusion coefficients in olivine using nanosims AN - 1849298650; 2016-106264 AB - We have previously reported hydrogen self-diffusion coefficients for olivine in deuterium-hydrogen exchange experiments, but were only able to resolve diffusion profiles reliably in the 'fast' [100] orientation due to the limited spatial resolution of the Cameca 6f Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) instrument. Samples were reanalyzed using the Cameca nanoSIMS, which enabled simultaneous measurements of diffusion coefficients in the 'fast' [100] orientation and the additional 'slow' [010] and [001] orientations to gain a complete 3D view of hydrogen self-diffusion. Measurement precision of deuterium ( (super 16) O (super 2) H with a Cs+beam) is also improved by higher vacuum, better environmental control, and lower background. Deuterium-hydrogen exchange experiments were conducted at 2 GPa between 750-900 degrees C by first saturating olivine with homogenous distribution of hydrogen ( (super 1) H) and then exchanging some of this with deuterium ( (super 2) H) in a subsequent experiment. The diffusion coefficents in the [100] orientation that were measured using the nanoSIMS are in good agreement with the previous measurements on the 6f. Diffusion coefficients in the [010] and [001] orientations are very similar in magnitude to one another, ranging between 10 (super -13) to 10 (super -14) m (super 2) /s, which is over an order of magnitude lower than the [100] orientation. Hydrogen self-diffusion is highly anisotropic in this temperature range, although the activation enthalpies for diffusion in the [010] and [001] orientations are significantly higher than that of the [100] orientation, such that there will be less anisotropy at higher temperatures relevant to the upper mantle. Comparisons between chemical and self-diffusion measurements allow us to evaluate the various stoichiometric relationships that have been proposed for accommodating hydrogen into the nominally anhydrous structure of olivine. Based on these relationships, we estimate diffusivities of other point defects, small polarons and metal vacancies, as a function of orientation. Finally, we use these new high-fidelity measurements to further advance our model on the contribution of hydrogen to the electrical conductivity of olivine and the upper mantle. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Du Frane, Wyatt L AU - Novella, Davide AU - Jacobsen, Benjamin AU - Weber, Peter K AU - Ryerson, Frederik J AU - Tyburczy, James A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract V51I EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849298650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=New+hydrogen+self+diffusion+coefficients+in+olivine+using+nanosims&rft.au=Du+Frane%2C+Wyatt+L%3BNovella%2C+Davide%3BJacobsen%2C+Benjamin%3BWeber%2C+Peter+K%3BRyerson%2C+Frederik+J%3BTyburczy%2C+James+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Du+Frane&rft.aufirst=Wyatt&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - H (sub 2) O content of nominally anhydrous mineral inclusions in diamonds from the Udachnaya kimberlite AN - 1849298627; 2016-105972 AB - Nominally anhydrous minerals (such as olivine, pyroxene and garnet) present in mantle xenoliths have been found to contain up to hundreds of ppm wt H (sub 2) O, bonded as H to their mineral structure. However, it is not well understood whether these H (sub 2) O contents are representative for the hydrous state of the deep mantle where they formed, or if they are the result of interactions between the xenoliths and metasomatic fluids or magmas during their travel to the surface. Given the fact that trace amounts of H (sub 2) O can alter the physical and chemical properties of mantle materials and therefore affect Earth's dynamics, it is important to accurately determine the H (sub 2) O content of deep mantle minerals. Natural diamonds can contain mineral inclusions that formed at high depths (>5 GPa) and are representative for the deep and inaccessible portions of the mantle where they originated. This is because the strong and inert diamond prevents the inclusions to react with any fluid or melt that get in contact with it. Therefore, valuable information regarding the H (sub 2) O content of the deep mantle can be obtained by studying these minerals trapped in diamonds. In this study we measured the H (sub 2) O contents of 10 olivine and garnet inclusions in diamonds from the Udachnaya kimberlite (Siberian craton) by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Olivine crystals contain 1-5 ppm wt H (sub 2) O while garnets do not show absorption bands indicating the presence of detectable H in their structure and are therefore considered dry. The H (sub 2) O contents of olivine and garnet inclusions in diamonds presented here are considerably lower than those found in xenoliths or xenocrysts from the same locality. Based on these new results, we discuss the presence of H (sub 2) O in the cratonic mantle and its importance in stabilizing these areas during geological time, as well as the volatile signature of diamond forming melts in the Siberian craton. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Novella, D AU - Bolfan-Casanova, Nathalie AU - Nestola, Fabrizio AU - Harris, Jeff W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract V11C EP - 3077 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849298627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=H+%28sub+2%29+O+content+of+nominally+anhydrous+mineral+inclusions+in+diamonds+from+the+Udachnaya+kimberlite&rft.au=Novella%2C+D%3BBolfan-Casanova%2C+Nathalie%3BNestola%2C+Fabrizio%3BHarris%2C+Jeff+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Novella&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Significance of the cosmogenic argon correction in deciphering the (super 40) Ar/ (super 39) Ar ages of the Nakhlite (Martian) meteorites AN - 1844921047; 2016-103246 AB - All meteorites contain variable amounts of cosmogenic (super 38) Ar and (super 36) Ar produced during extraterrestrial exposure, and in order to calculate reliable (super 40) Ar/ (super 39) Ar ages this cosmogenic Ar must be removed from the total Ar budget. The amount of cosmogenic Ar has usually been calculated from the step-wise (super 38) Ar/ (super 36) Ar, minimum (super 36) Ar/ (super 37) Ar, or average (super 38) Ar cosmogenic/ (super 37) Ar from the irradiated meteorite fragment. However, if Cl is present in the meteorite, then these values will be disturbed by Ar produced during laboratory neutron irradiation of Cl. Chlorine is likely to be a particular issue for the Nakhlite group of Martian meteorites, which can contain over 1000 ppm Cl [1]. An alternative method for the cosmogenic Ar correction uses the meteorite's exposure age as calculated from an un-irradiated fragment and step-wise production rates based on the measured Ca/K [2]. This calculation is independent of the Cl concentration. We applied this correction method to seven Nakhlites, analyzed in duplicate or triplicate. Selected samples were analyzed at both Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and SUERC to ensure inter-laboratory reproducibility. We find that the cosmogenic argon correction of [2] has a significant influence on the ages calculated for individual steps, particularly for those at lower temperatures (i.e., differences of several tens of million years for some steps). The lower-temperature steps are more influenced by the alternate cosmogenic correction method of [2], as these analyses yielded higher concentrations of Cl-derived (super 38) Ar. As a result, the Nakhlite data corrected using [2] yields step-heating spectra that are flat or nearly so across >70% of the release spectra (in contrast to downward-stepping spectra often reported for Nakhlite samples), allowing for the calculation of precise emplacement ages for these meteorites. [1] Cartwright J. A. et al. (2013) GCA, 105, 255-293. [2] Cassata W. S., and Borg L. E. (2015) 46th LPSC, Abstract #2742. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Cohen, Benjamin E AU - Cassata, William AU - Mark, Darren F AU - Tomkinson, Tim AU - Lee, Martin R AU - Smith, Caroline L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract V33D EP - 3135 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844921047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Significance+of+the+cosmogenic+argon+correction+in+deciphering+the+%28super+40%29+Ar%2F+%28super+39%29+Ar+ages+of+the+Nakhlite+%28Martian%29+meteorites&rft.au=Cohen%2C+Benjamin+E%3BCassata%2C+William%3BMark%2C+Darren+F%3BTomkinson%2C+Tim%3BLee%2C+Martin+R%3BSmith%2C+Caroline+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Collisional disruption of gravity dominated bodies; new data and scaling AN - 1844920692; 2016-100866 AB - We present data from a suite of 169 hydrocode simulations of collisions between planetary bodies with radii from 100 to 1000 km. The data is used to derive a simple scaling law for the threshold for catastrophic disruption, defined as a collision that leads to half the total colliding mass escaping the system post impact. For a target radius 100< or =R (sub T) < or =1000 km and a mass M (sub T) and a projectile radius r (sub p) < or =R (sub T) and mass m (sub p) we find that a head-on impact with velocity magnitude nu is catastrophic if the kinetic energy of the system in the center of mass frame, K = 0.5M (sub T) m (sub p) /(M (sub T) +m (sub p) )nu (super 2) , exceeds K (super *) (sub RD) = (3.3+ or -0.6)U (sub R) , where U (sub R) = (3/5)GM (sub T) (super 2) /R (sub T) + (3/5)Gm (sub p) (super 2) /r (sub p) + GM (sub T) m (sub p) /(M (sub T) m (sub p) ) is the gravitational binding energy of the system at the moment of impact; G is the gravitational constant. Oblique impacts are catastrophic when the fraction of kinetic energy contained in the volume of the projectile intersecting the target at impact exceeds approximately 1.9 K (super *) (sub RD) for 30 degrees impacts and approximately 3.5 K (super *) (sub RD) for 45 degrees impacts. We compare predictions made with this scaling to those made with existing scaling laws in the literature extrapolated from numerical studies on smaller targets. We find significant divergence between predictions where in general our data suggest a lower threshold for disruption except for highly oblique impacts with r (sub p) <1 mm wide, and clasts can be >1 cm. This diverse breccia assemblage indicates formation via repeated impact events, supported by Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd and U-Pb ages ranging from 1.3 to 4.4 Ga. In this study we investigate the distribution of ages yielded by Ar/Ar, with nine aliquots analyzed to date, and additional analyses planned. In order to analyze only single phases, chips of matrix/clasts were restricted to visibly monomict fragments 2 Ga), supporting results of other chronometers that much older material is present in this sample. These results also demonstrate that some older fragments retained Ar during breccia formation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Cohen, Benjamin E AU - Mark, Darren F AU - Cassata, William AU - Lee, Martin R AU - Smith, Caroline L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract P33C EP - 2135 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840621836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=NWA+7034+Martian+breccia%3B+Ar%2FAr+ages+of+ca.+1.2+to+1.4+Ga&rft.au=Cohen%2C+Benjamin+E%3BMark%2C+Darren+F%3BCassata%2C+William%3BLee%2C+Martin+R%3BSmith%2C+Caroline+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deflection by kinetic impact or nuclear ablation; sensitivity to asteroid properties AN - 1840621796; 2016-095973 AB - Impulsive deflection of a threatening asteroid can be achieved by deploying either a kinetic impactor or a standoff nuclear device to impart a modest velocity change to the body. Response to each of these methods is sensitive to the individual asteroid's characteristics, some of which may not be well constrained before an actual deflection mission. Numerical simulations of asteroid deflection, using both hypervelocity impacts and nuclear ablation of the asteroid's surface, provide detailed information on asteroid response under a range of initial conditions. Here we present numerical results for the deflection of asteroids by both kinetic and nuclear methods, focusing on the roles of target body composition, strength, porosity, rotational state, shape, and internal structure. These results provide a framework for evaluating the planetary defense-related value of future asteroid characterization missions and capture some of the uncertainty that may be present in a real threat scenario. Part of this work was funded by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at LLNL under project tracking code 12-ERD-005, performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-ABS-675914. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bruck Syal, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract NH14B EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840621796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Deflection+by+kinetic+impact+or+nuclear+ablation%3B+sensitivity+to+asteroid+properties&rft.au=Bruck+Syal%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bruck+Syal&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phase velocity and full-waveform analysis of co-located distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) channels and geophone sensor AN - 1840621256; 2016-098418 AB - A 762-meter Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) array with a channel spacing of one meter was deployed at the Garner Valley Downhole Array in Southern California. The array was approximately rectangular with dimensions of 180 meters by 80 meters. The array also included two subdiagonals within the rectangle along which three-component geophones were co-located. Several active sources were deployed, including a 45-kN, swept-frequency, shear-mass shaker, which produced strong Rayleigh waves across the array. Both DAS and geophone traces were filtered in 2-Hz steps between 4 and 20 Hz to obtain phase velocities as a function of frequency from fitting the moveout of travel times over distances of 35 meters or longer. As an alternative to this traditional means of finding phase velocity, it is theoretically possible to find the Rayleigh-wave phase velocity at each point of co-location as the ratio of DAS and geophone responses, because DAS is sensitive to ground strain and geophones are sensitive to ground velocity, after suitable corrections for instrument response (Mikumo & Aki, 1964). The concept was tested in WPP, a seismic wave propagation program, by first validating and then using a 3D synthetic, full-waveform seismic model to simulate the effect of increased levels of noise and uncertainty as data go from ideal to more realistic. The results obtained from this study provide a better understanding of the DAS response and its potential for being combined with traditional seismometers for obtaining phase velocity at a single location. This analysis is part of the PoroTomo project (Poroelastic Tomography by Adjoint Inverse Modeling of Data from Seismology, Geodesy, and Hydrology, http://geoscience.wisc.edu/feigl/porotomo). JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Parker, Leslie AU - Mellors, Robert J AU - Thurber, Clifford H AU - Wang, Herbert F AU - Zeng, Xiangfang AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract NS41B EP - 1940 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840621256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Phase+velocity+and+full-waveform+analysis+of+co-located+distributed+acoustic+sensing+%28DAS%29+channels+and+geophone+sensor&rft.au=Parker%2C+Leslie%3BMellors%2C+Robert+J%3BThurber%2C+Clifford+H%3BWang%2C+Herbert+F%3BZeng%2C+Xiangfang%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling hydraulic fracture induced microseismicity in rock AN - 1840617166; 2016-093650 AB - The analysis of induced microseismicity is one of the few tools available for characterizing the extent of hydraulic fracturing in the field. However, the way in which the size, location, and source mechanisms of these events relate to the fracturing process is poorly understood. Using the GEOS framework, we model the large-scale hydraulic fracturing processes using a fully coupled 3D Finite Element model (Settgast et al., URTeC, 2014) and model the small-scale microseismicity using a point approximation for a population of pre-existing discontinuities distributed throughout the model domain. In our analysis, we explore the effect of the competing influences of tectonic stress change and matrix fluid flow, anisotropy and heterogeneity in the surrounding rock mass, the population of pre-existing fractures, and the design of hydraulic fracturing treatments on the generation of microseismic events. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Sherman, C AU - Morris, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H23A EP - 1548 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840617166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Modeling+hydraulic+fracture+induced+microseismicity+in+rock&rft.au=Sherman%2C+C%3BMorris%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional evaluation of groundwater age distributions using lumped parameter models with large, sparse datasets; example from the Central Valley, California, USA AN - 1840615161; 2016-093590 AB - Tracer-based, lumped parameter models (LPMs) are an appealing way to estimate the distribution of age for groundwater because the cost of sampling wells is often less than building numerical groundwater flow models sufficiently complex to provide groundwater age distributions. In practice, however, tracer datasets are often incomplete because of anthropogenic or terrigenic contamination of tracers, or analytical limitations. While age interpretations using such datsets can have large uncertainties, it may still be possible to identify key parts of the age distribution if LPMs are carefully chosen to match hydrogeologic conceptualization and the degree of age mixing is reasonably estimated. We developed a systematic approach for evaluating groundwater age distributions using LPMs with a large but incomplete set of tracer data (3H, 3Hetrit, (super 14) C, and CFCs) from 535 wells, mostly used for public supply, in the Central Valley, California, USA that were sampled by the USGS for the California State Water Resources Control Board Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment or the USGS National Water Quality Assessment Programs. In addition to mean ages, LPMs gave estimates of unsaturated zone travel times, recharge rates for pre- and post-development groundwater, the degree of age mixing in wells, proportion of young water (<60 yrs), and the depth of the boundary between post-development and predevelopment groundwater throughout the Central Valley. Age interpretations were evaluated by comparing past nitrate trends with LPM predicted trends, and whether the presence or absence of anthropogenic organic compounds was consistent with model results. This study illustrates a practical approach for assessing groundwater age information at a large scale to reveal important characteristics about the age structure of a major aquifer, and of the water supplies being derived from it. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jurgens, Bryant C AU - Bohlke, John Karl AU - Voss, Stefan AU - Fram, Miranda S AU - Esser, Brad AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H21F EP - 1444 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840615161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Regional+evaluation+of+groundwater+age+distributions+using+lumped+parameter+models+with+large%2C+sparse+datasets%3B+example+from+the+Central+Valley%2C+California%2C+USA&rft.au=Jurgens%2C+Bryant+C%3BBohlke%2C+John+Karl%3BVoss%2C+Stefan%3BFram%2C+Miranda+S%3BEsser%2C+Brad%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jurgens&rft.aufirst=Bryant&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources and residence times of groundwater in Shasta County, CA determined by isotopic tracers AN - 1840615099; 2016-093595 AB - Large-volume springs are a significant source of water to communities in Shasta County. Aquifers in this region are developed in young volcanic formations and the age and flow of groundwater is not well characterized, making predicting the impact of drought and climate change on spring flow difficult. To better understand the water resources and the hydrogeology of the region and to better constrain the age of water produced by springs, we have sampled water from wells, springs, and streams for a suite of geochemical and isotopic tracers. We are using isotopic tracers because of the limited number of sampling points over a large area, leaving traditional hydrogeologic methods such as water levels and pump tests inadequate for a regional study. We analyzed samples for sulfur-35 (87.4 day half-life) and found detections in two springs, confirming the presence of a fraction of recently (1-2 years) recharged groundwater. Tritium (12.3 year half-life) activities show that some wells produce water recharged more than 5 decades ago, but most produce more recently recharged water. We will also report results for sodium-22 (2.6 year half-life), krypton-85 (10.8 year half-life), carbon-14 (5,730 year half-life), dissolved noble gases, stable isotopes of water, and helium isotopic composition. These isotopes are applied to determine the age (residence time) of groundwater over a broad age distribution, from less than one year to tens of thousands of years. These tracers should also provide information on aquifer volumes, help delineate groundwater flow, and help to identify recharge areas. A collection of groundwater ages from springs at high elevations to wells in the upper Sacramento Valley will help delineate groundwater flowpaths. Finally, groundwater residence times will help determine groundwater volume and recharge rates, and resolve questions related to drought vulnerability and effective adjustments in water resource management. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Peters, Elizabeth AU - Moran, Jean E AU - Deinhart, Amanda AU - Roberts, Sarah K AU - Esser, Brad AU - Visser, Ate AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H21F EP - 1449 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840615099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Sources+and+residence+times+of+groundwater+in+Shasta+County%2C+CA+determined+by+isotopic+tracers&rft.au=Peters%2C+Elizabeth%3BMoran%2C+Jean+E%3BDeinhart%2C+Amanda%3BRoberts%2C+Sarah+K%3BEsser%2C+Brad%3BVisser%2C+Ate%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the information content of multiple groundwater age tracers in projecting nitrate vulnerability AN - 1840614873; 2016-093592 AB - Nitrate is one of the major sources of contamination of groundwater in the United States and around the world. In this study the applicability of multiple groundwater age tracers including (super 3) H, (super 3) He, (super 4) He, (super 14) C, (super 13) C, and (super 85) Kr in projecting future trends of nitrate concentration in several long-screened, public drinking water wells in Turlock, California, where nitrate concentrations are increasing toward the regulatory limit, is studied. Several lumped parameter models (LPM)s were considered to represent the groundwater age distribution at each well, including binary mixtures between Inverse Gaussian (young) and Dirac (old), generalized inverse Gaussian, and Levy distributions . LPM model parameters and unknown physical parameters (crustal production rate of (super 4) He, dissolved inorganic carbon contribution from rock dissolution) were estimated using a Bayesian inference, resulting in the posterior probability distribution of the parameters and therefore the uncertainty associated with each. The performance of each LPM in reproducing the data while accounting for the level of model complexity is evaluated using deviance information criteria (DIC) and Bayes Factors (BF). Historical nitrate concentration data are also evaluated as an additional tracer to refine the age distribution. We found that historical nitrate levels can reduce the uncertainty about the age distribution. LPMs with a distinct feature to represent the old fraction of groundwater (for example Inverse Gaussian-Dirac) are better at reproducing the tracer data but with the price of a larger number of parameters, which results in a larger uncertainty about the age distribution itself. Although the uncertainty regarding the shape of the age distribution remains relatively high, whether nitrate is included as a tracer or not, different models predict similar future trends in nitrate concentration. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Alikhani, Jamal AU - Massoudieh, Arash AU - Deinhart, Amanda AU - Visser, Ate AU - Esser, Brad AU - Moran, Jean E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H21F EP - 1446 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840614873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+information+content+of+multiple+groundwater+age+tracers+in+projecting+nitrate+vulnerability&rft.au=Alikhani%2C+Jamal%3BMassoudieh%2C+Arash%3BDeinhart%2C+Amanda%3BVisser%2C+Ate%3BEsser%2C+Brad%3BMoran%2C+Jean+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Alikhani&rft.aufirst=Jamal&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of double porosity flow on hydrologically driven failure of a hillside slope AN - 1832729396; 2016-089527 AB - Soil deposits in hillside slopes often exhibit two dominant porosity scales, often referred to as the macropore and micropore scales. Fluid flow through this type of soils involves preferential flow through the macropore region and fluid storage in the micropore region. An explicit treatment of the two porosity scales, known as double porosity formulation, is necessary for a more realistic description of the hydromechanical behavior of this type of soils. In this work, we investigate how double porosity modeling of fluid flow and deformation could impact the ensuing hydromechanical responses of a hillslope under rainfall infiltration. For this purpose we use a hydromechanical continuum modeling approach developed in previous work by the authors and extend it to accommodate double porosity modeling by employing a recently developed hydromechanical framework along with a stabilized finite elements technique that allows the use of lower-order mixed finite elements for improved computationally efficiency. The numerical results demonstrate that preferential flow can be captured by the double porosity formulation, leading to a different slope failure mechanism than what is predicted by an equivalent single porosity formulation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Choo, Jinhyun AU - White, Joshua A AU - Borja, Ronaldo I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract NH41C EP - 1848 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832729396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Impact+of+double+porosity+flow+on+hydrologically+driven+failure+of+a+hillside+slope&rft.au=Choo%2C+Jinhyun%3BWhite%2C+Joshua+A%3BBorja%2C+Ronaldo+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Choo&rft.aufirst=Jinhyun&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic ground motion and Boulder formation along the margins of the Dead Sea fault system, southern Israel AN - 1832729242; 2016-089465 AB - Rockfall ages in tectonically active regions provide information regarding frequency and magnitude of earthquakes. Such rockfalls have been dated using several methods including lichinometry modeling, radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence dating of material buried beneath boulders, and the concentration of cosmogenic nuclides in exposed boulder faces. In the hyper-arid environment of the Dead Sea fault (DSF), southern Israel, rockfalls are most probably triggered by earthquakes. We dated rockfalls along the western margin of the DSF using terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides (TCN). In Timna, where the exposure history of the boulders is relatively simple, we recognize three discrete rockfall events, at 31 ka, 15 ka, and 4.5 ka. However, the ages of the majority of the boulders concentrate at DFE4.5 ka. In Shehoret, where boulder exposure ages are more complicated, samples were collected from simultaneously exposed conjugate boulders and cliff surfaces. Pre-rockfall inheritance and post-rockfall production rates of TCN cannot be evaluated in a straightforward way. We developed a numerical code that suggests most-likely rockfall ages between 3.6+ or -0.8 and 4.7+ or -0.7 ka. Our ages agree with dated earthquakes determined in various paleoseismic studies along the entire length of the DSF and support the observation of intensive earthquake activity around 4-5 ka. Our rockfall record, however, under represents the regional earthquake record derived from historic and paleoseismic records. This under representation implies that either the ongoing development of detachment cracks prior to triggering event is slower than the earthquake cycle or that most boulder piles are formed only during big and rare earthquakes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Matmon, Ari AU - Rinat, Yair AU - Hidy, Alan AU - Siman-Tov, Shalev AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract NH34A EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832729242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Seismic+ground+motion+and+Boulder+formation+along+the+margins+of+the+Dead+Sea+fault+system%2C+southern+Israel&rft.au=Matmon%2C+Ari%3BRinat%2C+Yair%3BHidy%2C+Alan%3BSiman-Tov%2C+Shalev%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Matmon&rft.aufirst=Ari&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical investigation of the consequences of land impacts, water impacts, or air bursts of asteroids AN - 1832728719; 2016-089399 AB - The annual probability of an asteroid impact is low, but over time, such catastrophic events are inevitable. Interest in assessing the impact consequences has led us to develop a physics-based framework to seamlessly simulate the event from entry to impact, including air and water shock propagation and wave generation. The non-linear effects are simulated using the hydrodynamics code GEODYN. As effects propagate outward, they become a wave source for the linear-elastic-wave propagation code, WPP/WWP. The GEODYN-WPP/WWP coupling is based on the structured adaptive-mesh-refinement infrastructure, SAMRAI, and has been used in FEMA table-top exercises conducted in 2013 and 2014, and more recently, the 2015 Planetary Defense Conference exercise. Results from these simulations provide an estimate of onshore effects and can inform more sophisticated inundation models. The capabilities of this methodology are illustrated by providing results for different impact locations, and an exploration of asteroid size on the waves arriving at the shoreline of area cities. We constructed the maximum and minimum envelops of water-wave heights given the size of the asteroid and the location of the impact along the risk corridor. Such profiles can inform emergency response and disaster-mitigation efforts, and may be used for design of maritime protection or assessment of risk to shoreline structures of interest. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-ABS-675390-DRAFT. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ezzedine, Souheil M AU - Dearborn, David S AU - Miller, Paul L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract NH11A EP - 1885 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832728719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Numerical+investigation+of+the+consequences+of+land+impacts%2C+water+impacts%2C+or+air+bursts+of+asteroids&rft.au=Ezzedine%2C+Souheil+M%3BDearborn%2C+David+S%3BMiller%2C+Paul+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ezzedine&rft.aufirst=Souheil&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater monitoring of hydraulic fracturing in California; recommendations for permit-required monitoring AN - 1832723759; 2016-091959 AB - California recently passed legislation mandating dedicated groundwater quality monitoring for new well stimulation operations. The authors provided the State with expert advice on the design of such monitoring networks. Factors that must be considered in designing a new and unique groundwater monitoring program include: Program design: The design of a monitoring program is contingent on its purpose, which can range from detection of individual well leakage to demonstration of regional impact. The regulatory goals for permit-required monitoring conducted by operators on a well-by-well basis will differ from the scientific goals of a regional monitoring program conducted by the State. Vulnerability assessment: Identifying factors that increase the probability of transport of fluids from the hydrocarbon target zone to a protected groundwater zone enables the intensity of permit-required monitoring to be tiered by risk and also enables prioritization of regional monitoring of groundwater basins based on vulnerability. Risk factors include well integrity; proximity to existing wellbores and geologic features; wastewater disposal; vertical separation between the hydrocarbon and groundwater zones; and site-specific hydrogeology. Analyte choice: The choice of chemical analytes in a regulatory monitoring program is guided by the goals of detecting impact, assuring public safety, preventing resource degradation, and minimizing cost. Balancing these goals may be best served by a tiered approach in which targeted analysis of specific chemical additives is triggered by significant changes in relevant but more easily analyzed constituents. Such an approach requires characterization of baseline conditions, especially in areas with long histories of oil and gas development. Monitoring technology: Monitoring a deep subsurface process or a long wellbore is more challenging than monitoring a surface industrial source. The requirement for monitoring multiple groundwater aquifers across a range of depths and of monitoring at deeper depths than is typical for regulatory monitoring programs requires consideration of monitoring technology, which can range from clusters of wells to multiple wells in a single wellbore to multi-level systems in a single cased wellbore. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Esser, B K AU - Beller, H R AU - Carroll, S AU - Cherry, J A AU - Jackson, R B AU - Jordan, P D AU - Madrid, V AU - Morris, J AU - Parker, B L AU - Stringfellow, W T AU - Varadharajan, C AU - Vengosh, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H34C EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Groundwater+monitoring+of+hydraulic+fracturing+in+California%3B+recommendations+for+permit-required+monitoring&rft.au=Esser%2C+B+K%3BBeller%2C+H+R%3BCarroll%2C+S%3BCherry%2C+J+A%3BJackson%2C+R+B%3BJordan%2C+P+D%3BMadrid%2C+V%3BMorris%2C+J%3BParker%2C+B+L%3BStringfellow%2C+W+T%3BVaradharajan%2C+C%3BVengosh%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Esser&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An integrated approach to predicting carbon dioxide storage capacity in carbonate reservoirs AN - 1832723750; 2016-091997 AB - Carbonate reservoirs are widespread globally but pose unique challenges for geologic carbon dioxide (CO2) storage due to the reactive nature of carbonate minerals and the inherently heterogeneous pore structures of these rock types. Carbonate mineral dissolution resulting from CO2-acidified fluids may actually create new storage capacity, but predicting the extent and location of enhanced storage is complicated by the presence of pore size distributions spanning orders of magnitude as well as common microfractures. To address this issue, core samples spanning a wide range of depths and predicted permeabilities were procured from wells drilled into the Weyburn-Midale reservoir from the IEA GHG's CO2 Monitoring and Storage Project, Saskatchewan, Canada; and from the Arbuckle dolomite at the Kansas Geological Survey's South-central Kansas CO2 Project. Our approach integrated non-invasive characterization, complex core-flooding experiments, and 3-D reactive transport simulations to calibrate relevant CO2 storage relationships among fluid flow, porosity, permeability, and chemical reactivity. The resulting observations from this work permit us to constrain (and place uncertainty limits on) some of the model parameters needed for estimating evolving reservoir CO2 storage capacity. The challenge remains, however, as to how to best interpret and implement these observations at the actual reservoir scale. We present our key findings from these projects and recommendations for storage capacity predictions. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Smith, M M AU - Hao, Y AU - Mason, H E AU - Carroll, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H41C EP - 1307 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=An+integrated+approach+to+predicting+carbon+dioxide+storage+capacity+in+carbonate+reservoirs&rft.au=Smith%2C+M+M%3BHao%2C+Y%3BMason%2C+H+E%3BCarroll%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport modeling of CO2-induced porosity and permeability changes in heterogeneous carbonate rocks AN - 1832723488; 2016-091996 AB - It has long been appreciated that chemical interactions have a major effect on rock porosity and permeability evolution and may alter the behavior or performance of both natural and engineered reservoir systems. Such reaction-induced permeability evolution is of particular importance for geological CO2 sequestration and storage associated with enhanced oil recovery. In this study we used a three-dimensional Darcy scale reactive transport model to simulate CO2 core flood experiments in which the CO2-equilibrated brine was injected into dolostone cores collected from the Arbuckle carbonate reservoir, Wellington, Kansas. Heterogeneous distributions of macro pores, fractures, and mineral phases inside the cores were obtained from X-ray computed microtomography (XCMT) characterization data, and then used to construct initial model macroscopic properties including porosity, permeability, and mineral compositions. The reactive transport simulations were performed by using the Nonisothermal Unsaturated Flow and Transport (NUFT) code, and their results were compared with experimental data. It was observed both experimentally and numerically that the dissolution fronts became unstable in highly heterogeneous and less permeable formations, leading to the development of highly porous flow paths or wormholes. Our model results indicate that the continuum-scale reactive transport models are able to adequately capture the evolution of distinct dissolution fronts as observed in carbonate rocks at a core scale. The impacts of rock heterogeneity, chemical kinetics and porosity-permeability relationships were also examined in this study. The numerical model developed in this study will not only help improve understanding of coupled physical and chemical processes controlling carbonate dissolution, but also provide a useful basis for upscaling transport and reaction properties from core scale to field scale. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hao, Y AU - Smith, M M AU - Mason, H E AU - Carroll, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H41C EP - 1306 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+modeling+of+CO2-induced+porosity+and+permeability+changes+in+heterogeneous+carbonate+rocks&rft.au=Hao%2C+Y%3BSmith%2C+M+M%3BMason%2C+H+E%3BCarroll%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hao&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of reduced order models for groundwater impacts due to leaking brine or carbon dioxide AN - 1828847099; 2016-086454 AB - The National Risk Assessment Partnership has developed a suite of reduced-order models (ROMs) that can be used to predict the impact of CO2 and brine leaks on overlying aquifers. The these computationally-efficient models are based on field-scale reactive transport simulations. The ROMs reproduce the ensemble behavior of large numbers of simulations very well and thus are well-suited to applications that consider a large number of scenarios such as sensitivity analysis, risk assessment, and uncertainty analysis. In this presentation, we seek to demonstrate applicability of ROM-based ensemble analysis. We consider two questions. First, what types of decisions could these analyses support? Second, what types of aquifers could these ROMs be applied to? Four examples are presented for applying these ROMs, in ensemble mode, to supporting decisions in the early stages in a hypothetical geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration project. These decisions pertain to site selection, site characterization, monitoring network evaluation, and health impacts. In all these cases, we consider potential brine/CO (sub 2) leak rates at the base of the aquifer to be uncertain. We show that derived probabilities provide information relevant to the decision at hand. Although the ROMs were developed using site-specific data from two aquifers (the High Plains, and the unconfined, carbonate portion of the Edwards), the models accept aquifer characteristics as variable inputs and so they may have more broad applicability. Of the nine water quality metrics the ROMs can predict (pH, TDS, 4 trace metals, 3 organic compounds) we conclude that pH and TDS predictions are the most transferable to other aquifers. Guidelines are presented for determining the aquifer types for which the ROMs should be applicable. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bacon, Diana H AU - Keating, Elizabeth H AU - Carroll, Susan A AU - Mansoor, Kayyum AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Harp, Dylan R AU - Dai, Zhenzue AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51U EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828847099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Applications+of+reduced+order+models+for+groundwater+impacts+due+to+leaking+brine+or+carbon+dioxide&rft.au=Bacon%2C+Diana+H%3BKeating%2C+Elizabeth+H%3BCarroll%2C+Susan+A%3BMansoor%2C+Kayyum%3BSun%2C+Yunwei%3BZheng%2C+Liange%3BHarp%2C+Dylan+R%3BDai%2C+Zhenzue%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bacon&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Attenuation and transport mechanisms of depleted uranium in groundwater at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Site 300 AN - 1828846735; 2016-086371 AB - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) Site 300 was established in 1955 to support weapons research and development. Depleted uranium was used as a proxy for fissile uranium-235 ( (super 235) U) in open-air explosives tests conducted at Building 812. As a result, oxidized depleted uranium was deposited on the ground, eventually migrating to the underlying sandstone aquifer. Uranium (U) groundwater concentrations exceed the California and Federal Maximum Contaminant Level of 20 pCi L (super -1) (30 ug L (super -1) ). However, the groundwater plume appears to attenuate within 60 m of the source, beyond which no depleted U is detected. This study will determine the relative contribution of physical (e.g. dilution), chemical (e.g. surface adsorption, mineral precipitation), and biological (e.g. biotransformation) processes that contribute to the apparent attenuation of U, which exists as uranyl (UO (sub 2) (super 2+) ) complexes, at the site. Methods of investigation include evaluating 15 yr of hydrogeologic and chemical data, creating a site conceptual model, and applying equilibrium (e.g. aqueous species complexation, mineral saturation indices) and reactive transport models using Geochemist's Workbench (super TM) . Reactive transport results are constrained by direct field observations, including U major ion, and dissolved O (sub 2) concentrations, pH, and others, under varying chemical and hydraulic conditions. Aqueous speciation calculations indicate that U primarily exists as anionic CaUO (sub 2) (CO (sub 3) ) (sub 3) (super 2-) or neutral Ca (sub 2) UO (sub 2) (CO (sub 3) ) (sub 3) (super 0) species. Additionally, nucleation and growth of Ca/Mg uranyl carbonate solids are predicted to affect attenuation. Initial reactive transport results suggest surface adsorption (e.g. ion exchange, surface complexation) to layer silicate clays is limited under the aqueous geochemical conditions of the site. Current and future work includes XRD analysis of aquifer solids to constrain iron and aluminum (oxy)hydroxides, and coupling advective-dispersive transport with the chemical and physical processes. This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-ABS-675707. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Danny, Kimberly Reanna AU - Taffet, M J AU - Brusseau, Mark L L AU - Chorover, Jon AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H31I EP - 1543 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828846735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Attenuation+and+transport+mechanisms+of+depleted+uranium+in+groundwater+at+Lawrence+Livermore+National+Laboratory+Site+300&rft.au=Danny%2C+Kimberly+Reanna%3BTaffet%2C+M+J%3BBrusseau%2C+Mark+L+L%3BChorover%2C+Jon%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Danny&rft.aufirst=Kimberly&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - "Supergreen" renewables; integration of mineral weathering into renewable energy production for air CO (sub 2) removal and storage as ocean alkalinity AN - 1828846410; 2016-086336 AB - Excess planetary CO (sub 2) and accompanying ocean acidification are naturally mitigated on geologic time scales via mineral weathering. Here, CO (sub 2) acidifies the hydrosphere, which then slowly reacts with silicate and carbonate minerals to produce dissolved bicarbonates that are ultimately delivered to the ocean. This alkalinity not only provides long-term sequestration of the excess atmospheric carbon, but it also chemically counters the effects of ocean acidification by stabilizing or raising pH and carbonate saturation state, thus helping rebalance ocean chemistry and preserving marine ecosystems. Recent research has demonstrated ways of greatly accelerating this process by its integration into energy systems. Specifically, it has been shown (1) that some 80% of the CO (sub 2) in a waste gas stream can be spontaneously converted to stable, seawater mineral bicarbonate in the presence of a common carbonate mineral - limestone. This can allow removal of CO (sub 2) from biomass combustion and bio-energy production while generating beneficial ocean alkalinity, providing a potentially cheaper and more environmentally friendly negative-CO (sub 2) -emissions alternative to BECCS. It has also been demonstrated that strong acids anodically produced in a standard saline water electrolysis cell in the formation of H (sub 2) can be reacted with carbonate or silicate minerals to generate strong base solutions. These solutions are highly absorptive of air CO (sub 2) , converting it to mineral bicarbonate in solution. When such electrochemical cells are powered by non-fossil energy (e.g. electricity from wind, solar, tidal, biomass, geothermal, etc. energy sources), the system generates H (sub 2) that is strongly CO (sub 2) -emissions-negative, while producing beneficial marine alkalinity (2-4). The preceding systems therefore point the way toward renewable energy production that, when tightly coupled to geochemical mitigation of CO (sub 2) and formation of natural ocean "antacids", forms a high capacity, negative-CO (sub 2) -emissions, "supergreen" source of fuel or electricity. 1) http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/es102671x2) http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/es800366q3) http://www.pnas.org/content/110/25/10095.full.pdf4) http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.5b00875 JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rau, Greg H AU - Carroll, Susan A AU - Ren, Zhiyong J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract GC52C EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828846410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=%22Supergreen%22+renewables%3B+integration+of+mineral+weathering+into+renewable+energy+production+for+air+CO+%28sub+2%29+removal+and+storage+as+ocean+alkalinity&rft.au=Rau%2C+Greg+H%3BCarroll%2C+Susan+A%3BRen%2C+Zhiyong+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rau&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimal management of geothermal heat extraction AN - 1828846362; 2016-086348 AB - Geothermal energy technologies use the constant heat flux from the subsurface in order to produce heat or electricity for societal use. As such, a geothermal energy system is not inherently variable, like systems based on wind and solar resources, and an operator can conceivably control the rate at which heat is extracted and used directly, or converted into a commodity that is used. Although geothermal heat is a renewable resource, this heat can be depleted over time if the rate of heat extraction exceeds the natural rate of renewal (Rybach, 2003). For heat extraction used for commodities that are sold on the market, sustainability entails balancing the rate at which the reservoir renews with the rate at which heat is extracted and converted into profit, on a net present value basis. We present a model that couples natural resource economic approaches for managing renewable resources with simulations of geothermal reservoir performance in order to develop an optimal heat mining strategy that balances economic gain with the performance and renewability of the reservoir. Similar optimal control approaches have been extensively studied for renewable natural resource management of fisheries and forests (Bonfil, 2005; Gordon, 1954; Weitzman, 2003). Those models determine an optimal path of extraction of fish or timber, by balancing the regeneration of stocks of fish or timber that are not harvested with the profit from the sale of the fish or timber that is harvested. Our model balances the regeneration of reservoir temperature with the net proceeds from extracting heat and converting it to electricity that is sold to consumers. We used the Non-isothermal Unconfined-confined Flow and Transport (NUFT) model (Hao, Sun, & Nitao, 2011) to simulate the performance of a sedimentary geothermal reservoir under a variety of geologic and operational situations. The results of NUFT are incorporated into the natural resource economics model to determine production strategies that maximize net present value given the performance of the geothermal resource. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Patel, Iti H AU - Bielicki, Jeffrey M AU - Buscheck, Thomas A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract GC53C EP - 1225 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828846362?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Optimal+management+of+geothermal+heat+extraction&rft.au=Patel%2C+Iti+H%3BBielicki%2C+Jeffrey+M%3BBuscheck%2C+Thomas+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Patel&rft.aufirst=Iti&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The efficacy and potential of renewable energy from carbon dioxide that is sequestered in sedimentary basin geothermal resources AN - 1828846286; 2016-086345 AB - Mitigating climate change requires increasing the amount of electricity that is generated from renewable energy technologies and while simultaneously reducing the amount of carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) that is emitted to the atmosphere from present energy and industrial facilities. We investigated the efficacy of generating electricity using renewable geothermal heat that is extracted by CO (sub 2) that is sequestered in sedimentary basins. To determine the efficacy of CO (sub 2) -Geothermal power production in the United States, we conducted a geospatial resource assessment of the combination of subsurface CO (sub 2) storage capacity and heat flow in sedimentary basins and developed an integrated systems model that combines reservoir modeling with power plant modeling and economic costs. The geospatial resource assessment estimates the potential resource base for CO (sub 2) -Geothermal power plants, and the integrated systems model estimates the physical (e.g., net power) and economic (e.g., levelized cost of electricity, capital cost) performance of an individual CO (sub 2) -Geothermal power plant for a range of reservoir characteristics (permeability, depth, geothermal temperature gradient). Using coupled inverted five-spot injection patterns that are common in CO (sub 2) -enhanced oil recovery operations, we determined the well pattern size that best leveraged physical and economic economies of scale for the integrated system. Our results indicate that CO (sub 2) -Geothermal plants can be cost-effectively deployed in a much larger region of the United States than typical approaches to geothermal electricity production. These cost-effective CO (sub 2) -Geothermal electricity facilities can also be capacity-competitive with many existing baseload and renewable energy technologies over a range of reservoir parameters. For example, our results suggest that, given the right combination of reservoir parameters, LCOEs can be as low as $25/MWh and capacities can be as high as a few hundred MW. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bielicki, Jeffrey M AU - Adams, Benjamin M AU - Choi, Hyungjin AU - Saar, Martin O AU - Taff, Steven J AU - Jamiyansuren, Bolormaa AU - Buscheck, Thomas A AU - Ogland-Hand, Jonathan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract GC53C EP - 1222 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828846286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+efficacy+and+potential+of+renewable+energy+from+carbon+dioxide+that+is+sequestered+in+sedimentary+basin+geothermal+resources&rft.au=Bielicki%2C+Jeffrey+M%3BAdams%2C+Benjamin+M%3BChoi%2C+Hyungjin%3BSaar%2C+Martin+O%3BTaff%2C+Steven+J%3BJamiyansuren%2C+Bolormaa%3BBuscheck%2C+Thomas+A%3BOgland-Hand%2C+Jonathan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bielicki&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calibrating NMR measured porosity/permeability relationships using mu XRCT measurements AN - 1824215463; 2016-082552 AB - Carbonate reservoirs have garnered interest for potential use in carbon capture and storage (CCS) activities. To be suitable for long term carbon dioxide (CO2) storage, they must possess sufficient permeability either through existing connected pore space, or due to reactivity with CO2-acidified fluids. Adequate assessment of the target formation permeability will rely on accurate downhole well-logging tools. Primary among these tools is nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) well-logging. Application of this tool relies on our ability to relate the porosity and pore distributions measured by NMR to permeability. These methods are challenging to apply in carbonate reservoirs with complex mineralogies where pores sizes often span orders of magnitudes. We have assessed the ability of NMR methods to measure permeability using rocks from the Weyburn-Midale CO2 Monitoring and Storage Project Saskatchewan, Canada and the Arbuckle injection zone at the Wellington CO2 storage demonstration site, Kansas. Results of laboratory measured permeability values of these rocks indicate that the standard NMR methods for predicting permeability values can produce values off by orders of magnitude within the same flow units. In this presentation, we present the results of a combined NMR and micro X-ray computed tomography (mu XRCT) study of these rock cores to better estimate downhole permeability values of carbonate rocks. The results of the study suggest that the dramatic differences in predicted permeability values derive from large differences in the matrix porosity, pore network tortuosities, and mineralogy of the various rock units. We will present new laboratory measurements, and methodologies aimed at producing a universal NMR calibration procedure for determining permeability in carbonate reservoirs. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mason, H E AU - Smith, M M AU - Hao, Y AU - Carroll, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H44D EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Calibrating+NMR+measured+porosity%2Fpermeability+relationships+using+mu+XRCT+measurements&rft.au=Mason%2C+H+E%3BSmith%2C+M+M%3BHao%2C+Y%3BCarroll%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupling of multiphase flow and geomechanics in fractured porous media; application to CO (sub 2) leakages from natural and stimulated fractures AN - 1824214676; 2016-082713 AB - Leakage to the atmosphere of a significant fraction of injected CO (sub 2) would constitute a failure of a geological CO (sub 2) storage project from a greenhouse gas mitigation perspective. We present a numerical model that simulates flow and transport of CO (sub 2) into heterogeneous subsurface systems. The model, StoTran, is a flexible numerical environment that uses state-of-the-art finite element and finite volume methods and unstructured adaptive mesh refinement scheme implemented using MPI and OpenMP protocols. Multiphase flow equations and the geomechanical equations are implicitly solved and either fully or sequentially coupled. StoTran can address inverse and forward problems under deterministic or stochastic conditions. For the current study, StoTran has been used to simulate several scenarios spanning from a homogeneous single layered reservoir to heterogeneous multi-layered systems, which including cap-rock with embedded fractures, have been simulated under different operations of CO (sub 2) injection and CO (sub 2) leakages conditions. Results show the impact of the injection and leakage rates on the time evolution of the spread of the CO (sub 2) plume, its interception of the fractured cap-rock and the risk associated with the contamination of the overlaying aquifer. Spatial and temporal moments have been calculated for different, deterministic of stochastic, subsurface physical and chemical properties. Spatial moments enable assessing the extent of the region of investigation under conditions of uncertainty. Furthermore, several leakage scenarios show the intermittence behavior and development of the CO (sub 2) plume in the subsurface; its first interception with the fractures located further far from the injection well then, at a second stage, its interception with the fracture within the immediate vicinity of the injection well. We will present a remedy to CO (sub 2) leakages from the reservoir in order to enhance a long term containment of the injected CO (sub 2) . This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ezzedine, Souheil M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract MR51A EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824214676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Coupling+of+multiphase+flow+and+geomechanics+in+fractured+porous+media%3B+application+to+CO+%28sub+2%29+leakages+from+natural+and+stimulated+fractures&rft.au=Ezzedine%2C+Souheil+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ezzedine&rft.aufirst=Souheil&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling of hydraulic fractures with poromechanical coupling using an assumed enhanced strain method AN - 1819897888; 2016-078356 AB - When modeling hydraulic fractures, it is often necessary to include tightly coupled interaction between fluid-filled fractures and the porous host rock. Further, the numerical scheme must accurately discretize processes taking place both in the rock volume and along growing fracture surfaces. This work presents a three-dimensional scheme for handling these challenging numerical issues. Solid deformation and fluid pressure in the host rock are modeled using a mixed finite-element/finite-volume scheme. The continuum formulation is enriched with an assumed enhanced strain (AES) method to represent discontinuities in the displacement field due to fractures. Fractures can be arbitrarily oriented and located with respect to the underlying mesh, and no re-meshing is necessary during fracture propagation. Flow along the fracture is modeled using a locally conservative finite volume scheme. Leak-off coupling allows for fluid exchange between the porous matrix and the fracture. We describe an efficient and scalable preconditioning process that leads to rapid convergence of the resulting discrete system. The scheme is validated using analytical examples and monitoring data from a real fractured reservoir. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wang, Wei AU - White, Joshua A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H21E EP - 1416 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819897888?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+hydraulic+fractures+with+poromechanical+coupling+using+an+assumed+enhanced+strain+method&rft.au=Wang%2C+Wei%3BWhite%2C+Joshua+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Wei&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geospatially analyzed groundwater residence time as a tool for sustainable groundwater management AN - 1819897342; 2016-078326 AB - Managing groundwater during California's drought and satisfying the requirements of the 2014 Sustainable Groundwater Management Act will require multiple approaches to quantifying rates of change in groundwater storage in the heavily exploited basins around the state. Mean groundwater residence times are useful for developing sustainability goals in that the mean residence time is a measure of the aquifer turnover, or renewal time. The California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment program is unique among groundwater monitoring programs in that multiple analyses allow estimation of groundwater residence time. For example, over 4,000 tritium and noble gas analyses have been carried out in wells across California, allowing calculation of tritium-helium groundwater age, spatial analysis of groundwater residence times, and identification of the depth of the transition from modern to pre-modern groundwater. Areas of rapid turnover identified by young ages can be compared with areas that have been identified as being hydrogeologically vulnerable based on physical measures such as mapped permeability, confining conditions, or recharge/discharge rates. Application of groundwater residence time as a tool for sustainable groundwater management has advantages and potential pitfalls. The uncertainty associated with calculated ages and the complexity of broad age distributions in long-screened wells are some of the associated challenges. However, geospatial analysis of isotopic age data prove useful for highlighting areas where isotopic ages are not in agreement with other measures of groundwater renewal time, and where ages may therefore be helpful in setting sustainability goals. Initial comparisons suggest that isotopic ages delineate the extent of influence of artificial recharge more precisely than numerical models and that some areas in the Sierra foothills and Coast Range, identified as active recharge areas, host pre-modern groundwater, suggesting the need for a cautious assessment of sustainability. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Moran, Jean E AU - Visser, Ate AU - Singleton, Michael J AU - Hillegonds, Darren AU - Esser, Bradley K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H21B EP - 1364 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819897342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Geospatially+analyzed+groundwater+residence+time+as+a+tool+for+sustainable+groundwater+management&rft.au=Moran%2C+Jean+E%3BVisser%2C+Ate%3BSingleton%2C+Michael+J%3BHillegonds%2C+Darren%3BEsser%2C+Bradley+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of thermal stresses on wellbore integrity during CO (sub 2) injection AN - 1819894228; 2016-080187 AB - Thermal stresses caused by injection of cold CO (sub 2) into warmer storage reservoirs could create leakage pathways out of the storage reservoir. Although few studies have been conducted to investigate the well bore integrity subjected to thermal cycling during CO (sub 2) injection, a systematic investigation on thermally induced expansion and contraction affecting the debonding and cracking of the well barrier materials has not yet been performed. In this work, we have analyzed the thermo-mechanical characteristics of the well barrier materials undergoing repeated thermal cycling using a multiscale, multiphysics platform named GEOS. More specifically, we model the modes of failure during thermal cycling to assess the temperature range for minimal impact on well integrity. A finite element solver was used for the geomechanics and a finite volume solver was used for the thermal diffusion. Results of the initiation and propagation of fractures due to temperature variations in the cement sheath are presented. Preliminary results suggest that radial fracture develops as the cement is heated while debonding occurs in the casing-cement and cement-rock interfaces during the cooling period. The effects of different confinement conditions based on in-situ stresses were also analyzed. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under the Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This work has been produced with support from the BIGCCS Centre, performed under the Norwegian research program Centres for Environment-friendly Energy Research (FME) and the KPN project Ensuring well integrity during CO (sub 2) injection. The authors acknowledge the following partners for their contributions: Gassco, Shell, Statoil, TOTAL, GDF SUEZ and the Research Council of Norway (193816/S60 and 23389). JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Roy, Pratanu AU - Walsh, Stuart AU - Morris, Joseph AU - Carroll, Susan AU - Hao, Yue AU - Iyer, Jaisree AU - Torsater, Malin AU - Gawel, Kamila AU - Todorovic, Jelena AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H11B EP - 1340 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819894228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Impact+of+thermal+stresses+on+wellbore+integrity+during+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection&rft.au=Roy%2C+Pratanu%3BWalsh%2C+Stuart%3BMorris%2C+Joseph%3BCarroll%2C+Susan%3BHao%2C+Yue%3BIyer%2C+Jaisree%3BTorsater%2C+Malin%3BGawel%2C+Kamila%3BTodorovic%2C+Jelena%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=Pratanu&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bayesian nitrate source apportionment to individual groundwater wells in the Central Valley by use of elemental and isotopic tracers AN - 1819894150; 2016-080210 AB - Groundwater quality is a concern in alluvial aquifers that underlie agricultural areas, such as in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Nitrate from fertilizers and animal waste can leach to groundwater and contaminate drinking water resources. Dairy manure and synthetic fertilizers are prevailing sources of nitrate in groundwater for the San Joaquin Valley with septic waste contributing as a major source in some areas. The rural population in the San Joaquin Valley relies almost exclusively on shallow domestic wells (less than 150 m deep), of which many have been affected by nitrate. Knowledge of the proportion of each of the three main nitrate sources (manure, synthetic fertilizer, and septic waste) contributing to individual well nitrate can aid future regulatory decisions. Mixing models quantify the proportional contributions of sources to a mixture by using the concentration of conservative tracers within each source as a source signature. Deterministic mixing models are common, but do not allow for variability in the tracer source concentration or overlap of tracer concentrations between sources. In contrast, Bayesian mixing models treat source contributions probabilistically, building statistical variation into the inferences for each well. The authors developed a Bayesian mixing model on a pilot network of 56 private domestic wells in the San Joaquin Valley for which nitrogen, oxygen, and boron isotopes as well as nitrate and iodine were measured. Nitrogen, oxygen, and boron isotopes as well as iodine can be used as tracers to differentiate between manure, fertilizers, septic waste, and natural sources of nitrate (which can contribute nitrate in concentrations up to 4 mg/L). In this work, the isotopic and elemental tracers were used to estimate the proportional contribution of manure, fertilizers, septic waste, and natural sources to overall groundwater nitrate concentration in individual wells. Prior distributions for the four tracers for each of the four sources were estimated based on end member measurements, literature, or as a part of our previous work. The Bayesian method produces estimates of the fractional source contributions to each well, which can be compared to surrounding landuse types. Estimated source contributions were broadly consistent with nearby landuse types in this sample. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ransom, Katherine AU - Grote, Mark N AU - Deinhart, Amanda AU - Eppich, Gary AU - Kendall, Carol AU - Sanborn, Matthew AU - Souders, Kate AU - Wimpenny, Joshua AU - Yin, Qing-Zhu AU - Young, Megan B AU - Harter, Thomas AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H11F EP - 1420 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819894150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Bayesian+nitrate+source+apportionment+to+individual+groundwater+wells+in+the+Central+Valley+by+use+of+elemental+and+isotopic+tracers&rft.au=Ransom%2C+Katherine%3BGrote%2C+Mark+N%3BDeinhart%2C+Amanda%3BEppich%2C+Gary%3BKendall%2C+Carol%3BSanborn%2C+Matthew%3BSouders%2C+Kate%3BWimpenny%2C+Joshua%3BYin%2C+Qing-Zhu%3BYoung%2C+Megan+B%3BHarter%2C+Thomas%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ransom&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydro-period influence on kettle hole biogeochemistry in NE Germany AN - 1819893096; 2016-080196 AB - Hydro-Period influence on kettle hole biogeochemistry in NE Germany Kettle holes are glacially created ponds (<0.01 km (super 2) ) that form within landscape depressions and, while small, they are numerous across young moraine landscapes in Europe and North America. Kettle holes are only seasonally connected to streams or groundwater and therefore they undergo pronounced short-term changes in the hydro-periods, i.e. water level fluctuations that include complete desiccation and rewetting. Little is known about kettle hole biogeochemistry in NE Germany, especially with regards to the hydro-period. We hypothesized that a connection exists between kettle hole hydro-period and sediment biogeochemistry. We surveyed kettle hole water in NE Germany over several years to capture the seasonal isotopic composition (delta D, delta (super 18) O). Within a subset of the surveyed kettle holes we measured the delta (super 13) C and delta (super 15) N composition of sediments at two different depths from one season. Our objective was to link the abiotic influences demarked by the evaporative isotopic signal from kettle hole water, to biotic processes, such as microbial turnover and contributions of vegetation, imprinted in the delta (super 13) C and delta (super 15) N signals in sediment organic matter. Based on the upper sediment isotopic signal, we were able to classify two categories: permanently and temporarily filled kettle holes. Other kettle holes, for example those found in forests, were not as easily classified. Within the deeper sediment layers we found a distinct curve linear response between delta (super 15) N and C/N ratios, where temporarily filled kettle holes were consistently enriched, indicating a higher level of microbial transformation. We evaluated our evaporation estimates against the sediment-based classification to test evaporation as a major mechanism behind kettle hole biogeochemistry. While the temporarily filled kettle holes are the most biogeochemically dynamic, due in large part to their hydro-period, the mechanisms underlying the hydro-period and the concurrent effects on biogeochemical cycles are diverse. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kayler, Zachary E AU - Badrian, Maria AU - Frackowski, Adam AU - Nitzsche, Kai N AU - Rieckh, Helene AU - Gessler, Arthur AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H11E EP - 1392 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819893096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Hydro-period+influence+on+kettle+hole+biogeochemistry+in+NE+Germany&rft.au=Kayler%2C+Zachary+E%3BBadrian%2C+Maria%3BFrackowski%2C+Adam%3BNitzsche%2C+Kai+N%3BRieckh%2C+Helene%3BGessler%2C+Arthur%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kayler&rft.aufirst=Zachary&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ice-free Greenland during the mid-Pleistocene? AN - 1815675001; 2016-074059 AB - In the face of accelerated ice sheet contribution to sea level rise, in part fueled by rapid thinning and retreat of marine terminating outlet glaciers, it remains uncertain how the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) will adjust to a warming Arctic, declining sea ice and related changing precipitation patterns. This is concerning, given that future sea level rise is strongly dependent on the GrIS's response to Arctic change. The scientific community is currently torn between a model of a dynamic GrIS that becomes greatly reduced during interglacials and a model where the GrIS is relatively stable, even through interglacials that were warmer than today. We review the paleo-stability of the GrIS and discuss the implications for GrIS predictions. Based on new cosmogenic data from the bedrock core drilled underneath the GISP2 ice core, we present the case that Greenland might have been free of ice at least once during the Pleistocene, highlighting its vulnerability. An immediate climate driver for the GrIS collapse is not evident from the existing paleo-climate database, motivating re-intensified research of physical mechanisms to melt the GrIS. We discuss a few preliminary climate scenarios that might have contributed to this dramatic ice-sheet collapse. On the shorter time-scale, we present tentative strategies how to investigate the stability of the GrIS during the Holocene Climate Optimum, a period of arguable-warmer-than today temperatures. Finally, we summarize the value of the paleo-data for predictions of the GrIS stability. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Schaefer, Joerg M AU - Finkel, Robert C AU - Caffee, Marc W AU - Alley, Richard B AU - Balco, Greg AU - Zimmerman, Susan R H AU - Briner, Jason P AU - Young, Nicolas E AU - Schwartz, Roseanne AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract GC14C EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815675001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Ice-free+Greenland+during+the+mid-Pleistocene%3F&rft.au=Schaefer%2C+Joerg+M%3BFinkel%2C+Robert+C%3BCaffee%2C+Marc+W%3BAlley%2C+Richard+B%3BBalco%2C+Greg%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan+R+H%3BBriner%2C+Jason+P%3BYoung%2C+Nicolas+E%3BSchwartz%2C+Roseanne%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schaefer&rft.aufirst=Joerg&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ramp compression of copper and a pressure standard to 450 GPa AN - 1815673255; 2016-075867 AB - Diamond anvil cell pressure standards such as copper, tungsten, gold, and platinum are calibrated by reducing Hugoniot data to an isentrope or isotherm using a model for the thermal pressure. At pressures below the bulk modulus of the sample, the correction for the thermal pressure is relatively small and therefore the uncertainties in the thermal model are not significant. However, as stresses in diamond anvil cells are achieving pressures of 4-10 Mbar, reducing Hugoniot data to an isotherm requires a tremendous thermal pressure correction and uncertainties in the reduced isotherm are unconstrained. Here we present ramp-wave compression experiments at the Sandia Z-Machine that we use to constrain the equation of state of copper to a stress state of nearly 5 Mbar. We use the iterative Lagrangian analysis technique, developed by Rothman and Maw, to determine the stress-strain path. We correct for the plastic work heating and the deviatoric stress contribution to the stress-density measurement to obtain an isentrope. Our measured isentrope compares well with our shock-wave reduced isentrope at low pressures and provides an accurate pressure standard for diamond anvil cells at extreme conditions. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kraus, Richard G AU - Davis, Jean Paul AU - Seagle, Christopher T AU - Fratanduono, Dayne AU - Swift, Damian AU - Eggert, Jon AU - Collins, Gilbert Wilson AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract MR13C EP - 2722 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815673255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Ramp+compression+of+copper+and+a+pressure+standard+to+450+GPa&rft.au=Kraus%2C+Richard+G%3BDavis%2C+Jean+Paul%3BSeagle%2C+Christopher+T%3BFratanduono%2C+Dayne%3BSwift%2C+Damian%3BEggert%2C+Jon%3BCollins%2C+Gilbert+Wilson%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kraus&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Searching for the hydrogen plasma phase transition on the national ignition facility AN - 1815673017; 2016-075868 AB - New dynamic-compression techniques allow scientists to recreate the material states expected to exist in the deep interiors of planets, including the newly discovered extra solar planets. At the conditions existing deep inside stars and planets, pressure produces highly degenerate conditions (strong quantum effects), with atoms brought closer than the Bohr radius. State-of-the-art calculations indicate that such strong degeneracy effects induce the insulator-conductor transition in fluid hydrogen to become first-order, i.e. discontinuous, at temperatures below about 2500 K. This phase transition is called the Plasma Phase Transition (PPT). This problem challenges the most advanced simulations and theories resulting in a span of proposed conditions for the PPT from 1 to 5 Mbar, between 1000 and 2500 K. At higher temperature the metallization onset is thought to be continuous. We will present recent experiments using a reverberation compression scheme on the National Ignition Facility to compress cryogenic deuterium up to several megabars (1Mbar=100 GPa) while keeping the temperature much lower than using single shock compression. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Millot, Marius A AU - Collins, Gilbert Wilson AU - Jeanloz, Raymond AU - Hemley, Russell J AU - Goncharov, Alexander F AU - Loubeyre, Paul AU - Brygoo, Stephanie AU - McWilliams, Ryan Stewart AU - Celliers, Peter M AU - Eggert, Jon AU - Rygg, J Ryan AU - Le Pape, Sebastien AU - Fratanduono, Dayne AU - Hamel, Sebastien AU - Peterson, Luc AU - Meezan, Nathan AU - Braun, David AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract MR13C EP - 2723 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815673017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Searching+for+the+hydrogen+plasma+phase+transition+on+the+national+ignition+facility&rft.au=Millot%2C+Marius+A%3BCollins%2C+Gilbert+Wilson%3BJeanloz%2C+Raymond%3BHemley%2C+Russell+J%3BGoncharov%2C+Alexander+F%3BLoubeyre%2C+Paul%3BBrygoo%2C+Stephanie%3BMcWilliams%2C+Ryan+Stewart%3BCelliers%2C+Peter+M%3BEggert%2C+Jon%3BRygg%2C+J+Ryan%3BLe+Pape%2C+Sebastien%3BFratanduono%2C+Dayne%3BHamel%2C+Sebastien%3BPeterson%2C+Luc%3BMeezan%2C+Nathan%3BBraun%2C+David%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Millot&rft.aufirst=Marius&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reflectivities of four shock-compressed alkali halides AN - 1815672988; 2016-075874 AB - Laser-shock compression on four alkali halides has been used to probe the transition from insulating to metallic states, a high-pressure transition in chemical bonding that has fundamental implications for planetary formation and structure. Collectively, pressures up to 450 GPa and densities up to three-fold compression were explored across a total of fourteen single-crystal samples of CsI, CsBr, KBr and NaCl. Velocity interferometry was used to record shock velocities and reflectivities at 532 nm during decaying shock compression. The data show up to 40% (or higher) reflectivity, corresponding to notable electrical conductivities, in response to high pressures and temperatures. Furthermore, band-gap closure, dependent on density, can be examined from the reflectivity data. Ionic salts are simple model systems amenable to first-principles theory and serve as analog materials for predicting whether specific chemical constituents can reside in the rocky mantles or metallic cores of planets. A key objective is to disentangle the complementary roles of temperature and compression in transforming ionic into metallic bonding. Furthermore, at high pressures CsI becomes analogous to Xe: they are isoelectronic and follow matching equations of state. Therefore, studies on CsI could inform understanding of noble-gas geochemistry at conditions deep inside planets. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Diamond, Matthew R AU - McWilliams, Ryan Stewart AU - Eggert, Jon AU - Jeanloz, Raymond AU - Ali, Suzanne J AU - Collins, Gilbert Wilson AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract MR13C EP - 2730 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815672988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Reflectivities+of+four+shock-compressed+alkali+halides&rft.au=Diamond%2C+Matthew+R%3BMcWilliams%2C+Ryan+Stewart%3BEggert%2C+Jon%3BJeanloz%2C+Raymond%3BAli%2C+Suzanne+J%3BCollins%2C+Gilbert+Wilson%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Diamond&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sound speed of liquid iron along the outer core isentrope; new pre-heated ramp compression experiments AN - 1815670744; 2016-075819 AB - Detailed elasticity data on liquid Fe and candidate molten core alloys should offer new constraints on the under-constrained problem of Earth's core composition. Density, sound speed, and the gradient in sound speed with pressure are each potentially distinct experimental constraints and are each well-known for Earth. The gradient in sound speed, though, has not been used because sound speed depends on both T and P, such that data must be collected or reconstructed along the correct, nearly adiabatic, thermal profile. Reconstruction requires the Gruneisen gamma , which is composition-dependent, and data over a large P-T space to allow extrapolation. Both static and dynamic compression methods could be used, but the conditions (140 - 330 GPa and 4000 - 6000 K) are very challenging for static methods and standard shock compression only samples the outer core P-T profile at a single P. Instead we are applying quasi-isentropic dynamic ramp compression, using pre-heating of the target and impedance of the leading edge of a graded-density impactor (GDI) to select a probable outer core isentrope. The target material is melted and raised to a point on the outer core isentrope by the initial shock, then quasi-isentropically ramped to a maximum P by increasing shock impedance of trailing GDI layers. Particle velocity is monitored by photonic doppler velocimetry (PDV) at two step thicknesses at the interface of Fe or Fe-alloy target and MgO windows. The difference in arrival time of each particle velocity at the two steps directly gives the Lagrangian sound speed vs. particle velocity, which is integrated to obtain Pand density. At the writing of this abstract, we have completed one shot of this type. We successfully heated a two-step Fe target in a Mo capsule with MgO windows to 1350 degrees C, maintaining sufficient alignment and reflectivity to collect PDV signal returns. We characterized the velocity correction factor for PDV observation through MgO windows, and have confirmed that MgO remains sufficiently transparent on this loading path to act as a window. Our shot used a Mg-Ta graded density impactor launched at 5.6 km/s by the Caltech two-stage light gas gun, providing continuous sampling of the sound speed of liquid Fe from 70 GPa and approximately 2800 K up the isentrope to 243 GPa. Analysis continues. Prepared by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Asimow, Paul D AU - Nguyen, Jeffrey AU - Akin, Minta C AU - Fat'yanov, Oleg V AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract MR12A EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815670744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Sound+speed+of+liquid+iron+along+the+outer+core+isentrope%3B+new+pre-heated+ramp+compression+experiments&rft.au=Asimow%2C+Paul+D%3BNguyen%2C+Jeffrey%3BAkin%2C+Minta+C%3BFat%27yanov%2C+Oleg+V%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Asimow&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shock melting of forsterite by in-situ X-ray diffraction AN - 1815670720; 2016-075869 AB - The equation of state of magnesium silicates at pressures and temperatures near the solid-liquid coexistence curve is important for understanding the thermal evolution and interior structure of rocky planets. Here, we present a series of laser driven shock-melt experiments on single crystal Mg (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) forsterite, conducted at the Omega EP laser facility. Particle velocities in the Mg (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) samples were measured using a line VISAR and used to infer the thermodynamic state of the shocked samples. In situ X-ray diffraction measurements are used to probe the melting transition and investigate the potential decomposition of Mg (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) in to MgO and MgSiO (sub 3) upon melt. This work examines potential kinetic effects of decomposition due to the short time scale of laser-shock experiments. In addition, the thermodynamic data collected in these experiments adds to a limited body of information regarding the equation of state of Mg (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) , which is the dominant end member composition in Earth's upper mantle. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Newman, Matthew AU - Kraus, Richard G AU - Wicks, June K AU - Coppari, Frederica AU - Smith, Raymond AU - Duffy, Thomas S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract MR13C EP - 2724 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815670720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Shock+melting+of+forsterite+by+in-situ+X-ray+diffraction&rft.au=Newman%2C+Matthew%3BKraus%2C+Richard+G%3BWicks%2C+June+K%3BCoppari%2C+Frederica%3BSmith%2C+Raymond%3BDuffy%2C+Thomas+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Upper mantle discontinuity structure beneath the western Atlantic Ocean and eastern North America from SS precursors AN - 1812216073; 2016-068763 AB - Seismic discontinuities within the mantle arise from a wide range of mechanisms, including changes in mineralogy, major element composition, melt content, volatile abundance, anisotropy, or a combination of the above. In particular, the depth and sharpness of upper mantle discontinuities at 410 and 660 km depth are attributed to solid-state phase changes sensitive to both mantle temperature and composition, where regions of thermal heterogeneity produce topography and chemical heterogeneity changes the impedance contrast across the discontinuity. Seismic mapping of this topography and sharpness thus provides constraint on the thermal and compositional state of the mantle. The EarthScope USArray is providing unprecedented access to a wide variety of new regions previously undersampled by the SS precursors. This includes the boundary between the oceanic plate in the western Atlantic Ocean and continental margin of eastern North America. Here we use a seismic array approach to image the depth, sharpness, and topography of the upper mantle discontinuities, as well as other possible upper mantle reflectors beneath this region. This array approach utilizes seismic waves that reflect off the underside of a mantle discontinuity and arrive several hundred seconds prior to the SS seismic phase as precursory energy. In this study, we collected high-quality broadband data SS precursors data from shallow focus (<30 km deep), mid-Atlantic ridge earthquakes recorded by USArray seismometers in Alaska. We generated 4th root vespagrams to enhance the SS precursors and determine how they sample the mantle. Our data show detection of localized structure on the discontinuity boundaries as well as additional horizons, such as the X-discontinuity and a potential reflection from a discontinuity near the depth of the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary. These structures are related to the transition from predominantly old ocean lithosphere to underlying continental lithosphere, as while deeper reflectors are associated with the subduction of the ancient Farallon slab. A comparison of the depth of upper mantle discontinuities to changes in seismic velocity and anisotropy will further quantify the relationship to mantle flow, compositional layering, and phases changes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Schmerr, Nicholas C AU - Beghein, Caroline AU - Kostic, Dimitrije AU - Baldridge, Alice M AU - West, John D AU - Nittler, Larry R AU - Bull, Abigail Louise AU - Montesi, Laurent AU - Byrne, Paul K AU - Hummer, Daniel R AU - Plescia, Jeffrey B AU - Elkins-Tanton, Linda T AU - Lekic, Vedran AU - Schmidt, Britney E AU - Elkins, Lynne J AU - Cooper, Catherine M AU - ten Kate, Inge Loes AU - van Hinsbergen, Douwe J J AU - Parai, Rita AU - Glass, Jennifer B AU - Ni, James AU - Fuji, Nobuaki AU - McCubbin, Francis M AU - Michalski, Joseph R AU - Zhao, Chunpeng AU - Arevalo, Ricardo D, Jr AU - Koelemeijer, Paula AU - Courtier, Anna M AU - Dalton, Heather AU - Waszek, Lauren AU - Bahamonde, Joan AU - Schmerr, Ben AU - Gilpin, Nibbler AU - Rosenshein, Ellen AU - Mach, Kimberly AU - Ostrach, Lillian Rose AU - Caracas, Razvan AU - Craddock, Robert Anthony AU - Moore-Driskell, Melissa M AU - Du Frane, Wyatt L AU - Kellogg, Louise H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract DI11C EP - 2615 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812216073?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Upper+mantle+discontinuity+structure+beneath+the+western+Atlantic+Ocean+and+eastern+North+America+from+SS+precursors&rft.au=Schmerr%2C+Nicholas+C%3BBeghein%2C+Caroline%3BKostic%2C+Dimitrije%3BBaldridge%2C+Alice+M%3BWest%2C+John+D%3BNittler%2C+Larry+R%3BBull%2C+Abigail+Louise%3BMontesi%2C+Laurent%3BByrne%2C+Paul+K%3BHummer%2C+Daniel+R%3BPlescia%2C+Jeffrey+B%3BElkins-Tanton%2C+Linda+T%3BLekic%2C+Vedran%3BSchmidt%2C+Britney+E%3BElkins%2C+Lynne+J%3BCooper%2C+Catherine+M%3Bten+Kate%2C+Inge+Loes%3Bvan+Hinsbergen%2C+Douwe+J+J%3BParai%2C+Rita%3BGlass%2C+Jennifer+B%3BNi%2C+James%3BFuji%2C+Nobuaki%3BMcCubbin%2C+Francis+M%3BMichalski%2C+Joseph+R%3BZhao%2C+Chunpeng%3BArevalo%2C+Ricardo+D%2C+Jr%3BKoelemeijer%2C+Paula%3BCourtier%2C+Anna+M%3BDalton%2C+Heather%3BWaszek%2C+Lauren%3BBahamonde%2C+Joan%3BSchmerr%2C+Ben%3BGilpin%2C+Nibbler%3BRosenshein%2C+Ellen%3BMach%2C+Kimberly%3BOstrach%2C+Lillian+Rose%3BCaracas%2C+Razvan%3BCraddock%2C+Robert+Anthony%3BMoore-Driskell%2C+Melissa+M%3BDu+Frane%2C+Wyatt+L%3BKellogg%2C+Louise+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schmerr&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Late glacial and Holocene history of the Greenland ice sheet margin, Nunatarssuaq, northwestern Greenland AN - 1812213766; 2016-068650 AB - Defining the late glacial and Holocene fluctuations of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) margin, particularly during periods that were as warm or warmer than present, provides a longer-term perspective on present ice margin fluctuations and informs how the GrIS may respond to future climate conditions. We focus on mapping and dating past GrIS extents in the Nunatarssuaq region of northwestern Greenland. During the summer of 2014, we conducted geomorphic mapping and collected rock samples for (super 10) Be surface exposure dating as well as subfossil plant samples for (super 14) C dating. We also obtained sediment cores from an ice-proximal lake. Preliminary (super 10) Be ages of boulders deposited during deglaciation of the GrIS subsequent to the Last Glacial Maximum range from approximately 30-15 ka. The apparently older ages of some samples indicate the presence of (super 10) Be inherited from prior periods of exposure. These ages suggest deglaciation occurred by approximately 15 ka however further data are needed to test this hypothesis. Subfossil plants exposed at the GrIS margin on shear planes date to approximately 4.6-4.8 cal. ka BP and indicate less extensive ice during middle Holocene time. Additional radiocarbon ages from in situ subfossil plants on a nunatak date to approximately 3.1 cal. ka BP. Geomorphic mapping of glacial landforms near Nordso, a large proglacial lake, including grounding lines, moraines, paleo-shorelines, and deltas, indicate the existence of a higher lake level that resulted from a more extensive GrIS margin likely during Holocene time. A fresh drift limit, characterized by unweathered, lichen-free clasts approximately 30-50 m distal to the modern GrIS margin, is estimated to be late Holocene in age. (super 10) Be dating of samples from these geomorphic features is in progress. Radiocarbon ages of subfossil plants exposed by recent retreat of the GrIS margin suggest that the GrIS was at or behind its present location at AD approximately 1650-1800 and approximately 1816-1889. Results thus far indicate that the GrIS margin in northwestern Greenland responded sensitively to Holocene climate changes. Ongoing research will improve the chronological constraints on these fluctuations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Farnsworth, Lauren B AU - Kelly, Meredith A AU - Axford, Yarrow AU - Bromley, Gordon R AU - Osterberg, Erich C AU - Howley, Jennifer A AU - Zimmerman, Susan R H AU - Jackson, Margaret Scott AU - Lasher, Gregory Everett AU - McFarlin, Jamie Marie AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract C51B EP - 0693 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812213766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Late+glacial+and+Holocene+history+of+the+Greenland+ice+sheet+margin%2C+Nunatarssuaq%2C+northwestern+Greenland&rft.au=Farnsworth%2C+Lauren+B%3BKelly%2C+Meredith+A%3BAxford%2C+Yarrow%3BBromley%2C+Gordon+R%3BOsterberg%2C+Erich+C%3BHowley%2C+Jennifer+A%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan+R+H%3BJackson%2C+Margaret+Scott%3BLasher%2C+Gregory+Everett%3BMcFarlin%2C+Jamie+Marie%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Farnsworth&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New constraints on the deglaciation chronology of the southeastern margin of the Greenland ice sheet AN - 1812213218; 2016-068647 AB - The Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is responding rapidly to climate change. Marine terminating outlet glaciers that drain the GrIS have responded especially sensitively to present-day climate change by accelerating, thinning and retreating. In southeastern Greenland several outlet glaciers are undergoing rapid changes in mass balance and ice dynamics. To improve our understanding of the future, long-term response of these marine-terminating outlet glaciers to climate change, we focus on the response of three outlet glaciers to climate change since the Last Glacial Maximum. The timing and rates of late-glacial and early Holocene deglaciation of the southeastern sector of the GrIS are relatively unconstrained due to the inaccessibility of the region. Using a helicopter and a sailboat, we collected samples for (super 10) Be surface exposure dating from three fjords in southeastern Greenland: Skjoldungen (63.4N), Uvtorsiutit (62.7N), and Lindenow (60.6N). These fjords drain marine terminating glaciers of the GrIS. Here we present 18 new 10Be ages from approximately 50 km long transects along these fjords that mark the timing of deglaciation from the outer coast inland to the present-day GrIS margin. Together with previously constrained deglaciation chronologies from Bernstorffs, Sermilik, and Kangerdlussuaq fjords in southeastern Greenland, these new chronologies offer insight into the late-glacial and early Holocene dynamics of the southeastern GrIS outlet glaciers. We compare the timing and rate of deglaciation in southeastern Greenland to climate records from the region to examine the mechanisms that drove deglaciation during late-glacial and early Holocene time. These new (super 10) Be ages provide a longer-term perspective of marine terminating outlet glacier fluctuations in southeastern Greenland and can be used to model the ice sheet's response to late-glacial and early Holocene climate changes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Levy, Laura B AU - Larsen, Nicolaj K AU - Kjaer, Kurt Henrik AU - Bjork, Anders A AU - Kjeldsen, Kristian K AU - Funder, Svend AU - Kelly, Meredith A AU - Howley, Jennifer A AU - Zimmerman, Susan R H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract C51B EP - 0690 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812213218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=New+constraints+on+the+deglaciation+chronology+of+the+southeastern+margin+of+the+Greenland+ice+sheet&rft.au=Levy%2C+Laura+B%3BLarsen%2C+Nicolaj+K%3BKjaer%2C+Kurt+Henrik%3BBjork%2C+Anders+A%3BKjeldsen%2C+Kristian+K%3BFunder%2C+Svend%3BKelly%2C+Meredith+A%3BHowley%2C+Jennifer+A%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan+R+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Levy&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An ancient slab visible from the transition zone to the deep mantle beneath the southern Indian Ocean AN - 1807509389; 2016-066858 AB - Ancient subducted tectonic plates have been observed in past seismic images of the mantle beneath North America and Eurasia including some that subducted before the end of the Mesozoic Era. It is likely that other ancient slab structures have remained largely hidden, particularly in the seismic-data-limited regions beneath the vast oceans in the southern hemisphere. Here we present a new global tomographic image, which shows a slab-like structure beneath the southern Indian Ocean with coherency from the upper mantle transition zone to the core-mantle boundary region - with striking similarities to past and current images of the Farallon slab. Based on the image and additional geoscientific observations, we postulate that the structure is an oceanic plate that sank into the mantle along a 7000-km intra-oceanic subduction zone that migrated southwestward across the ancient Tethys Ocean in the Mesozoic Era, perhaps beginning prior to 200 Ma. Slab material still trapped in the transition zone is positioned near the former edge of East Gondwana ca. 140 Ma suggesting that subduction terminated near the margin of the ancient continent prior to breakup and subsequent dispersal of its subcontinents. If our interpretation is correct, the slab likely represents the first of its kind with extensive transition zone stagnation (exceeding 100 million years) followed by eventual penetration into the lower mantle. It suggests that some slabs may sink through the mantle much slower than previously believed and may reside intact in the shallow mantle if left undisturbed by subsequent subduction episodes. We postulate other dynamic mechanisms that may be involved and a potential link to Indian Ocean MORB chemistry. This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-ABS-675725 JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Simmons, Nathan A AU - Myers, S C AU - Johannesson, G AU - Matzel, E AU - Grand, Steve P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract DI21B EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509389?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=An+ancient+slab+visible+from+the+transition+zone+to+the+deep+mantle+beneath+the+southern+Indian+Ocean&rft.au=Simmons%2C+Nathan+A%3BMyers%2C+S+C%3BJohannesson%2C+G%3BMatzel%2C+E%3BGrand%2C+Steve+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Moment rate spectra using 2-D path correction AN - 1807509066; 2016-067047 AB - Estimating moment magnitudes using coda waves has proven to be one of the most robust measurements of the size of an earthquake. In most regions, moderate to large size earthquakes can be easily calibrated with 1-D regional path correction of coda waves at low frequencies (f 0.5 Hz) a larger scattering is observed which leads to higher variation for smaller earthquakes which are only recorded at these higher frequencies. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has been improving the number of coda envelope measurements in the Middle East due to significant developments of seismic networks and the recent deployments. We use more than 2000 earthquakes recorded by nearly 60 broad-band stations to investigate the 2-D propagation effects of the coda waves. We have found that coda waves have substantially different propagation properties than the direct waves, and these differences need to be accounted for in the tomographic inversion. The tomographic method separates and simultaneously inverts the Sn-coda and Lg-coda phases for Q over a frequency range of 0.3 to 8 Hz. Initial results of 2-D Q maps are very similar to the direct wave attenuation maps at certain frequencies. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gok, R AU - Pasyanos, M E AU - Matzel, E AU - Walter, W R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S51A EP - 2666 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Moment+rate+spectra+using+2-D+path+correction&rft.au=Gok%2C+R%3BPasyanos%2C+M+E%3BMatzel%2C+E%3BWalter%2C+W+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gok&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron reduction and carbon dynamics during redox fluctuations in soil slurries from Luquillo CZO (Puerto Rico) AN - 1807508982; 2016-066670 AB - Iron minerals play an important role in the dynamics of nutrients and soil carbon in tropical ecosystems. Because soils often experience fluctuations between oxic and anoxic conditions (redox fluctuations) the pool of reactive Fe(III) phases is under continuous flux. The oxidation of soluble Fe(II) during oxic conditions can generate Fe(III) phase of variable crystallinity with potentially different susceptibility to Fe(III) reduction during subsequent anoxic periods. We hypothesize that the coupled rates of iron reduction and carbon mineralization will respond to differences in the frequency of redox shifts and the length of the oxic and anoxic periods (Tao (oxic) and Tao (anoxic)). To test this, we subjected soil from the upper 15 cm of the Bisley watershed in the Luquillo critical zone observatory (LCZO), Puerto Rico, to five redox fluctuations scenarios. The treatments included either a fixed anoxic period of 6 d with oxic periods of 8, 24, and 72 h (3 treatments); or a fixed anoxic period of 2 d with oxic periods of 8 or 24 h (2 treatments). Results from a preliminary experiment indicated iron reduction rates increased when the oxic period was decreased below 10 h. We are completing analysis of the full dataset from the experiment above and will present Fe(II) concentrations and gas phase concentrations (CO (sub 2) emissions). Results from this experiment will further constrain the type of redox dynamics that influence soil Fe reduction and carbon mineralization. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Barcellos, D AU - Silver, W L AU - Pett-Ridge, J AU - Thompson, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B41F EP - 0503 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Iron+reduction+and+carbon+dynamics+during+redox+fluctuations+in+soil+slurries+from+Luquillo+CZO+%28Puerto+Rico%29&rft.au=Barcellos%2C+D%3BSilver%2C+W+L%3BPett-Ridge%2C+J%3BThompson%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Barcellos&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The stability of peatland carbon stores to global change; evidence for enhanced methane and carbon dioxide production AN - 1807508701; 2016-066721 AB - Peatlands sequester large stores of carbon in sedimentary sequences that can be meters thick. Peatlands can be separated into two main layers: the acrotelm, which is exposed to the atmosphere and dominated by living plants, and the catotelm, which tends to be anoxic and is where the majority of organic matter is stored. In response to warming climate, to what extent will peatland organic matter be activated to form additional CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) relative to current production rates? To predict the answer to this question the SPRUCE (Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Climatic and Environmental Change) project is being conducted in a bog ecosystem in northern Minnesota. The study is designed to improve predictive skill in peat and wetland-methane models by defining quantitative relationships among decomposition indices, microbial communities, and CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) production rates. The manipulation is being conducted in a staged approach, and deep warming through the entire nearly equal 2 m peat profile was initiated in June of 2014 at +0, +2.2, +4.5, +6.8 and +9C. Starting in summer 2015, the project will enhance both above and belowground temperature and CO (sub 2) levels. Following months of temperature enhancement there is no evidence of an effect on catotelm peat. In bog pre-treatment, control and treatment plots, microbial respiration and CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) production in the deep peat is driven primarily by recent plant production and to date, this trend continues in the catolem following treatment. Methane d13C and fractionation factors are invariant across the treatments, as are gas concentrations at depth. Surface CH (sub 4) emission, however, has shown a positive correlation with peat temperature, and measurements of CH (sub 4) production in incubations across the depth profile suggest that surface peat is more responsive to increases in soil temperature, apparently driving the emission response. Shifts in the composition and metabolic potential of microbial communities are being examined using next generation sequencing, metagenomic, and metatranscriptomic approaches. Prior to heating, microbial communities showed strong vertical stratification correlated to peat decomposition and humification, while little spatial or temporal variation was observed. Peat samples from after 1 year of heating are now being processed and data will soon be available. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chanton, J AU - Wilson, R AU - Tfaily, M M AU - Sebestyen, S D AU - Medvedeff, C AU - McFarlane, K J AU - Kolka, R K AU - Kostka, J E AU - Keller, J AU - Hanson, P J AU - Guilderson, T P AU - de La Cruz, F AU - Cooper, W T AU - Bridgham, S D AU - Barlaz, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B44B EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+stability+of+peatland+carbon+stores+to+global+change%3B+evidence+for+enhanced+methane+and+carbon+dioxide+production&rft.au=Chanton%2C+J%3BWilson%2C+R%3BTfaily%2C+M+M%3BSebestyen%2C+S+D%3BMedvedeff%2C+C%3BMcFarlane%2C+K+J%3BKolka%2C+R+K%3BKostka%2C+J+E%3BKeller%2C+J%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BGuilderson%2C+T+P%3Bde+La+Cruz%2C+F%3BCooper%2C+W+T%3BBridgham%2C+S+D%3BBarlaz%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chanton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating the buoyancy field for Earth's mantle using seismic and mineralogical models AN - 1807508510; 2016-066954 AB - Many geophysical phenomena, such as mantle convection, dynamic topography, geoid undulations, and plate motions, arise as a balance between driving gravitational forces and resisting viscous stresses within the Earth's mantle. A good characterization of the present-day buoyancy field of the mantle would allow for tighter constraints on its viscosity. It is possible to derive an estimate for the present-day buoyancy field of the mantle using seismically-derived global tomographic models together with thermodynamically self-consistent models of mantle mineralogy. However, given the uncertainties affecting both seismic and mineralogical models, different choices can be made, which lead to different estimates. Here we explore some of the possible endmembers, looking at the different buoyancy structure they produce and the different implications they have for the dynamic Earth. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Colli, Lorenzo AU - Ghelichkhan, Siavash AU - Chust, Thomas AU - Schuberth, Bernhard S A AU - Simmons, Nathan A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract DI51A EP - 2618 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Estimating+the+buoyancy+field+for+Earth%27s+mantle+using+seismic+and+mineralogical+models&rft.au=Colli%2C+Lorenzo%3BGhelichkhan%2C+Siavash%3BChust%2C+Thomas%3BSchuberth%2C+Bernhard+S+A%3BSimmons%2C+Nathan+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Colli&rft.aufirst=Lorenzo&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis of xenon and iron/nickel intermetallic compounds under the thermodynamic conditions of the Earth's core AN - 1807508446; 2016-066904 AB - The lower Xe abundance in Earth's atmosphere, in comparison to other noble gases like Ar and Kr, is one of the most challenging open questions in geosciences [1]. The origin of the so-called "missing Xe paradox" is usually attributed to the inclusion of Xe in the interior of Earth [2]. Although Xe is known to form compounds (e.g. with hydrogen, oxygen), none of them can be related with Earth's interior. Indeed, only a very low amount of Xe can be incorporated in silica at <1 GPa and 500K [3]. On the other hand, experimental attempts have failed to trace possible formation of Fe-Xe compounds up to 155 GPa and bellow 2500K [4]. A very recent theoretical study, suggests that Xe-Ni and Xe-Fe compounds can form at thermodynamic conditions representative of Earth's outer core [5]. Here we explored the possible formation of stable compounds in the Xe-Fe/Ni system at thermodynamic conditions representative of Earth's outer core starting from the following mixtures: a) Xe-Fe, b) Xe-Ni and c) Xe and an Fe/Ni alloy representative of Earth's core (ca 6% Ni). Using in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy we report the formation of: a) a XeNi (sub 3) compound, in the form of a CrNi (sub 3) -type FCC solid solution, above 150 GPa and 1500 K, b) a Xe(Fe/Ni) (sub 3) compound, tentatively characterized as an orthorhombic NbPd (sub 3) -type solid solution, above 190 GPa and 2000 K and c) a still not completely characterized XeFex compound above 180 GPa and 2000 K. This work provides a plausible explanation of the "missing Xe paradox", and underscores the importance of understanding the novel rules of high-pressure chemistry for an improved understanding of the structure and chemistry of the Earth's core. [1] E. Anders, E. and T. Owen, Science 198, 453 (1977). [2] Caldwell, W. A. et al., Science 277, 930 (1997). [3] C. Sanloup et al.,Science 310, 1174(2005). [4] D. Nishio-Hamane et al., Geophys. Res. Lett. 37, L04302 (2010). [5] L. Zhu et al., Nature chemistry 6, 664 (2014). JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Stavrou, Elissaios AU - Zaug, Jospeh M AU - Crowhurst, Jonathan AU - Lobanov, Sergey AU - Goncharov, Alexander F AU - Prakapenka, Vitali AU - Prescher, Clemens AU - Yao, Yansun AU - Liu, Hhanyu AU - Dai, Zurong AU - Oleynik, Ivan AU - Steele, Brad AU - Cong, Kien Nguyen AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract DI42A EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Synthesis+of+xenon+and+iron%2Fnickel+intermetallic+compounds+under+the+thermodynamic+conditions+of+the+Earth%27s+core&rft.au=Stavrou%2C+Elissaios%3BZaug%2C+Jospeh+M%3BCrowhurst%2C+Jonathan%3BLobanov%2C+Sergey%3BGoncharov%2C+Alexander+F%3BPrakapenka%2C+Vitali%3BPrescher%2C+Clemens%3BYao%2C+Yansun%3BLiu%2C+Hhanyu%3BDai%2C+Zurong%3BOleynik%2C+Ivan%3BSteele%2C+Brad%3BCong%2C+Kien+Nguyen%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stavrou&rft.aufirst=Elissaios&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geodynamic constraints on deep-mantle buoyancy; implications for thermochemical structure of LLSVP and large-scale upwellings under the Pacific Ocean AN - 1807508125; 2016-066877 AB - Convection-related data constrain lower-mantle density anomalies that contribute to mantle convective flow. These include global gravity and topography anomalies, plate motions and excess ellipticity of the core-mantle boundary (CMB). Each datum possesses differing wavelength and depth dependent resolution of heterogeneity and thus the strongest constraints on density anomalies are obtained by jointly inverting all data in combination. The joint-inversions employ viscous response functions (i.e. geodynamic kernels) for a flowing mantle. Non-uniqueness is greatly reduced by including seismic and mineral physics data into the joint inversions. We present the results of inversions where seismic and geodynamic data are singly and jointly inverted to map density anomalies. Employing mineral physical data we estimate thermal and compositional contributions to density anomalies. We evaluate the extent to which "Large Low Shear Velocity Provinces" (LLSVP) are anomalous and we determine their impact on the global pattern of convective flow. The inversions yield consistent maps of lower-mantle flow (see figure) that are dominated by two large upwellings, under the Western Pacific (next to the Caroline microplate) and Eastern Pacific (under the East Pacific Rise). These hot upwellings effectively delimit the margins of the Pacific LLSVP, suggesting intrinsic negative buoyancy within this structure impedes large-scale upwellings in the mantle above. These two upwellings do not resemble classical mantle "plumes" found in simple isoviscous and isochemical convection models but their contribution to mass and heat transport across the lower mantle is significant and thus behave similarly to plumes. The large scale of these upwellings may be understood in terms of the high viscosity in the lower mantle, inferred from geodynamic constraints on mantle rheology. Very-long time convection simulations initiated with present-day structure inferred from these inversions show the two Pacific upwellings possess remarkable geographic fixity and longevity extending over several hundred million years, again a consequence of the high viscosity in the lower mantle. These upwellings are fed by large heat flux across the CMB (from 12 to 20 TW) and should play a major role in the thermal evolution of the mantle. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Forte, Alessandro M AU - Glisovic, P AU - Grand, Steve P AU - Lu, Chang AU - Simmons, Nathan A AU - Rowley, David B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract DI41A EP - 2589 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Geodynamic+constraints+on+deep-mantle+buoyancy%3B+implications+for+thermochemical+structure+of+LLSVP+and+large-scale+upwellings+under+the+Pacific+Ocean&rft.au=Forte%2C+Alessandro+M%3BGlisovic%2C+P%3BGrand%2C+Steve+P%3BLu%2C+Chang%3BSimmons%2C+Nathan+A%3BRowley%2C+David+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Forte&rft.aufirst=Alessandro&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying components of groundwater flow, flux, and storage in Tuolumne Meadows, Yosemite, California AN - 1807508003; 2016-064454 AB - High elevation meadows in the Sierra Nevada of California, USA represent mixing zones between surface water and groundwater. Quantifying the exchange between stream water and groundwater, and the residence time of water stored in meadow sediments will allow examination of the possible buffer effect that groundwater has on meadows and streams. This in turn has implications for the resilience of the ecosystem as well as the downstream communities that are dependent upon runoff for water supply. Stream flow was measured and water samples were collected along a 5 km reach of the Tuolumne River and adjacent wells during both spring runoff and baseflow. Water samples were analyzed for concentrations of dissolved noble gases and anions, sulfur-35, tritium and radon to study surface water-groundwater interactions and residence times. Although lower than average because of the ongoing drought in California, discharge in early July 2015 was about 35 times that measured during the previous fall. During baseflow, a small component of fracture flow (2%) is identified using dissolved helium. Radon, anions and stream discharge identify reaches of groundwater discharge. Anions show a steady increase in the groundwater component over the western portion of the meadow during baseflow, and over 50% of stream water is exchanged with meadow groundwater, without a net gain or loss of stream flow. Sulfur-35 and tritium results indicated that groundwater contributing to stream flow has recharged within the previous two years. With the current drought, estimated as the most severe in 1200 years, accurate estimations of water availability are becoming increasingly important to water resource managers. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Vialpando, M, III AU - Lowry, C AU - Visser, A AU - Moran, Jean E AU - Esser, B K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract C33A EP - 0798 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Identifying+components+of+groundwater+flow%2C+flux%2C+and+storage+in+Tuolumne+Meadows%2C+Yosemite%2C+California&rft.au=Vialpando%2C+M%2C+III%3BLowry%2C+C%3BVisser%2C+A%3BMoran%2C+Jean+E%3BEsser%2C+B+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vialpando&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of silicon alloying on the structure of exoplanetary cores AN - 1807507348; 2016-066907 AB - The composition of cores of terrestrial planets are expected to be broadly similar to that of Earth in that they are comprised of a Fe-Ni alloy with variable amounts of light elements such as O, Si, C, S, and H. With the increasing number of discoveries of Super-Earths (rocky planets many times the mass of our own), the properties of terrestrial phases at ultrahigh pressures are required to understand and interpret the variability of large-scale exoplanet observations. The properties of the cores of these bodies are important for understanding the bulk chemistry, thermal evolution, magnetic fields, and, ultimately, habitability of a planet. Recent diamond anvil cell studies interrogating the structure of iron generally agree that Fe should be hcp at core pressures and temperatures, although other structures have been proposed. At higher pressures and with the addition of light elements, the structure is less understood. The addition of large amounts of Si, for example, stabilizes the cubic B2 structure with respect to hcp at outer core pressures. Our goal in this study is to explore the effect of Si-alloying at inner core and exoplanetary-core pressures. Dynamic compression experiments were carried out at the Omega Laser at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester. High pressures were achieved by focusing laser drives onto target packages containing Fe-Si alloys. Pressures within the sample were determined by monitoring the velocity history at the sample/window interface. Quasi-monochromatic X-rays, timed with maximum compression of the Fe-alloy sample, were generated via laser irradiation of iron or germanium foils arranged in a backlighter configuration and collected on image plates lining the inner walls of a box attached to the target package. In this presentation we will report on the effect of Si-alloying on the structure and density of Fe over the pressure range 100-1000 GPa. We find that while Fe with 7 wt.% Si remains in the hcp structure, Fe with 15 wt.% Si is cubic to very high pressures. We present our experimental findings and discuss the implications for exoplanet interiors. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wicks, June K AU - Smith, Ryamond AU - Coppari, Frederica AU - Kraus, Richard G AU - Newman, Matthew AU - Duffy, Thomas S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract DI43A EP - 2603 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807507348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Effect+of+silicon+alloying+on+the+structure+of+exoplanetary+cores&rft.au=Wicks%2C+June+K%3BSmith%2C+Ryamond%3BCoppari%2C+Frederica%3BKraus%2C+Richard+G%3BNewman%2C+Matthew%3BDuffy%2C+Thomas+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wicks&rft.aufirst=June&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Who's on first? Part II, Bacterial and fungal colonization of fresh soil minerals AN - 1807504924; 2016-064449 AB - Soil organic matter (SOM) stabilization by soil minerals is an important mechanism influencing soil C cycling. Microbes make up only a few percent of total SOM, but have a disproportionate impact on SOM cycling. Their direct interactions with soil minerals, however, are not well characterized. We studied colonization of fresh minerals by soil microbes in an Avena barbata (wild oat) California grassland soil microcosm. Examining quartz, ferrihydrite, kaolinite, and the heavy fraction of the native soil, we asked: (1) Do different minerals select for different communities, or do random processes drive the colonization of fresh minerals? (2) What factors influence which taxa colonize fresh minerals? After incubating mesh bags (<18 mu m) of minerals buried next to actively growing plant roots for 2 months, we used high-throughput sequencing of 16S and ITS2 genes to characterize the microbial communities colonizing the minerals. We found significant differences between the microbial community composition of different minerals and soil for both bacteria and fungi. We found a higher relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhial fungi with ferrihydrite and quartz, and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) imaging of these minerals suggests that some fungal hyphae are moving C directly from roots to mineral surfaces. The enriched presence of both nematode-associated fungi (Pochonia sp.) and bacteria (Candidatus Xiphinematobacter) in the minerals suggests that these minerals may be a habitat for nematodes. Bacteria of the family Chitinophagaceae and genus Janthinobacterium were significantly enriched on both ferrihydrite and quartz minerals, both of which may interact with colonizing fungi. These findings suggest that: (1) Microbial colonization of fresh minerals is not a fully passive or neutral process. (2) Mineral exploration by plant-associated fungi and soil fauna transport may be factors in determining the initial colonization of minerals and subsequent C protection. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Whitman, T AU - Neurath, R AU - Zhang, P AU - Yuan, T AU - Weber, P K AU - Zhou, J AU - Pett-Ridge, J AU - Firestone, M K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B41F EP - 0490 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807504924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Who%27s+on+first%3F+Part+II%2C+Bacterial+and+fungal+colonization+of+fresh+soil+minerals&rft.au=Whitman%2C+T%3BNeurath%2C+R%3BZhang%2C+P%3BYuan%2C+T%3BWeber%2C+P+K%3BZhou%2C+J%3BPett-Ridge%2C+J%3BFirestone%2C+M+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Whitman&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ X-ray diffraction of forsterite under shock compression to 52 GPa; time resolved observation of changes in crystal structure and phase AN - 1800397007; 2016-058049 AB - The Earth's mantle is composed primarily of ferromagnesian silicates, of which Forsterite (Fo) is the magnesium-rich end member of the dominant upper mantle phase, olivine. Fo is thought to undergo a chemical decomposition associated with a structural phase transition when dynamically loaded to 40-71 GPa, but previous inferences about such decomposition have been based only on pressure-density data with no direct phase identification. To obtain direct data on the phase evolution of shocked Fo, synthetic single crystal samples of Mg (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) Fo were loaded to pressures of 52 GPa using a two stage light gas gun. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were collected on the static and the loaded samples in situ using a single pulse Mo Kalpha anode to provide a 17 keV X-ray source. X-ray polycapillary optics were used to couple the source to the sample. Clear Laue spots were observed in the static images, while the dynamic images show the appearance of new spots at early times and powder-like rings at late times. The angles of the dynamically driven spots and rings overlap with each other and indicate the change in phase of forsterite under pressure through a process that begins with the formation of single crystals and ends with polycrystalline material. Efforts are underway to identify the high-pressure phases from among the library of dense magnesium silicates, and further experiments covering a larger pressure range will be completed shortly. This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Akin, Minta C AU - Maddox, Brian AU - Teruya, Alan AU - Asimow, Paul D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract MR23B EP - 2662 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800397007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=In+situ+X-ray+diffraction+of+forsterite+under+shock+compression+to+52+GPa%3B+time+resolved+observation+of+changes+in+crystal+structure+and+phase&rft.au=Akin%2C+Minta+C%3BMaddox%2C+Brian%3BTeruya%2C+Alan%3BAsimow%2C+Paul+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Akin&rft.aufirst=Minta&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High temperature equation of state of enstatite and forsterite; implications for thermal origins and evolution AN - 1800396959; 2016-058009 AB - The thermal history of terrestrial planets depends upon the melt boundary as it represents the largest rheological transition a material can undergo. This change in rheological behavior with solidification corresponds to a dramatic change in the thermal and chemical transport properties. Because of this dramatic change in thermal transport, recent work by Stixrude et al. suggests that the silicate melt curve sets the thermal profile within super-Earths during their early thermal evolution. Here we present recent decaying shock wave experiments studying both enstatite and forsterite. The continuously measured shock pressure and temperature in these studies ranged from 8 to 1.5 Mbar and 20,000-4,000 K, respectively. We find a point on the MgSiO (sub 3) liquidus at 6800 K and 285 GPa, which is nearly a factor of two higher pressure than previously measured and provides a strong constraint on the temperature profile within super-Earths. Our shock temperature measurements on forsterite and enstatite provide much needed equation of state information to the planetary impact modeling community since the shock temperature data can be used to constrain the initial entropy state of a growing planet. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Fratanduono, Dayne AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract MR21D EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800396959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=High+temperature+equation+of+state+of+enstatite+and+forsterite%3B+implications+for+thermal+origins+and+evolution&rft.au=Fratanduono%2C+Dayne%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fratanduono&rft.aufirst=Dayne&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recreating the deep interior conditions of gas giants in the laboratory; phase separation in hydrogen-helium mixtures at Jovian planet conditions AN - 1800395474; 2016-058014 AB - Several new techniques are being developed and used to benchmark equation of state and transport theories implicit to gas giant planet evolution models. We will discuss two particular experiment campaigns; one set of experiments exploring the nature of H and He mixtures in the deep interiors of Jupiter and Saturn, and a second set of experiments exploring the nature of matter at multi-gigabar pressures. Whether or not H-He mixtures phase separate in Jovian planets is important to our understanding of the structure and evolution of Jupiter and Saturn. Also integral to such planet models, as well as mechanisms for H-He phase separation, are the insulating-to-conducting and the molecular-to-atomic-hydrogen transitions in the H-He mixture. Coupling static and dynamic compression techniques has allowed us to make the first thermodynamic and transport measurements of H-He mixtures at deep Jovian planet conditions. These data provide evidence that the H-He fluid demixes at the high pressures and temperatures expected to exist deep inside Saturn and Jupiter. The second set of experiments explored how matter behaves at 10's of billions of atmospheres pressure, well beyond the atomic unit of pressure required to distort core electron orbitals of mid-Z atoms. To achieve these conditions in the laboratory a new series of convergent shock techniques was developed. We present the first temperature-density and pressure data for this regime. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Collins, Gilbert Wilson AU - Loubeyre, Paul AU - Brygoo, Stephanie AU - Millot, M A AU - Rygg, J R AU - Celliers, P M AU - Eggert, J AU - Boehly, T R AU - Jeanloz, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract MR21D EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800395474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Recreating+the+deep+interior+conditions+of+gas+giants+in+the+laboratory%3B+phase+separation+in+hydrogen-helium+mixtures+at+Jovian+planet+conditions&rft.au=Collins%2C+Gilbert+Wilson%3BLoubeyre%2C+Paul%3BBrygoo%2C+Stephanie%3BMillot%2C+M+A%3BRygg%2C+J+R%3BCelliers%2C+P+M%3BEggert%2C+J%3BBoehly%2C+T+R%3BJeanloz%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Gilbert&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Holocene fluctuations of North Ice Cap, a proxy for climate conditions along the northwestern margin of the Greenland ice sheet AN - 1800394738; 2016-058353 AB - North Ice Cap ( approximately 76.9 degrees N, 68 degrees W, summit elevation 1322 m asl), a small, independent ice cap in northwestern Greenland, is located within approximately 25 km of the Greenland Ice Sheet margin and Harald Molkte Brae outlet glacier. We present geochronological, geomorphic and sedimentological data constraining the Holocene extents of North Ice Cap and suggest that its past fluctuations can be used as a proxy for climate conditions along the northwestern margin of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Prior work by Goldthwait (1960) used glacial geomorphology and radiocarbon ages of subfossil plants emerging along shear planes in the ice cap margin to suggest that that North Ice Cap was not present during the early Holocene and nucleated in the middle to late Holocene time, with the onset of colder conditions. Subfossil plants emerging at shear planes in the North Ice Cap margin yield radiocarbon ages of approximately 4.8-5.9 cal kyr BP (Goldthwait, 1960) and approximately AD 1000-1350 (950-600 cal yr BP), indicating times when the ice cap was smaller than at present. In situ subfossil plants exposed by recent ice cap retreat date to approximately AD 1500-1840 (450-110 cal yr BP) and indicate small fluctuations of the ice cap margin. (super 10) Be ages of an unweathered, lichen-free drift <100 m from the present North Ice Cap margin range from approximately 500 to 8000 yrs ago. We suggest that the drift was deposited during the last approximately 500 yrs and that the older (super 10) Be ages are influenced by (super 10) Be inherited from a prior period of exposure. We also infer ice cap fluctuations using geochemical data from a Holocene-long sediment core from Deltaso, a downstream lake that currently receives meltwater from North Ice Cap. The recent recession of the North Ice Cap margin influenced a catastrophic drainage of a large proglacial lake, Sondre Sneso, that our field team documented in August 2012. To our knowledge, this is the first significant lowering of Sondre Sneso in historical time. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kelly, Meredith A AU - Osterberg, Erich C AU - Lasher, G Everett AU - Farnsworth, Lauren B AU - Howley, Jennifer A AU - Axford, Yarrow AU - Zimmerman, Susan R H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract PP33A EP - 2284 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800394738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Holocene+fluctuations+of+North+Ice+Cap%2C+a+proxy+for+climate+conditions+along+the+northwestern+margin+of+the+Greenland+ice+sheet&rft.au=Kelly%2C+Meredith+A%3BOsterberg%2C+Erich+C%3BLasher%2C+G+Everett%3BFarnsworth%2C+Lauren+B%3BHowley%2C+Jennifer+A%3BAxford%2C+Yarrow%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan+R+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=Meredith&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How unique is any given seismogram? Exploring correlation methods to identify explosions AN - 1797540133; 2016-050983 AB - As with conventional wisdom about snowflakes, we would expect it unlikely that any two broadband seismograms would ever be exactly identical. However depending upon the resolution of our comparison metric, we do expect, and often find, bandpassed seismograms that correlate to very high levels (>0.99). In fact regional (e.g. Schaff and Richards, 2011) and global investigations (e.g. Dodge and Walter, 2015) find large numbers of highly correlated seismograms. Decreasing computational costs are increasing the tremendous potential for correlation in lowering detection, location and identification thresholds for explosion monitoring (e.g. Schaff et al., 2012, Gibbons and Ringdal, 2012; Zhang and Wen, 2015). We have shown in the case of Source Physics Experiment (SPE) chemical explosions, templates at local and near regional stations can detect, locate and identify very small explosions, which might be applied to monitoring active test sites (Ford and Walter, 2015). In terms of elastic theory, seismograms are the convolution between source and Green function terms. Thus high correlation implies similar sources, closely located. How do we quantify this physically? For example it is well known that as the template event and target events are increasingly separated spatially, their correlation diminishes, as the difference in the Green function between the two events grows larger. This is related to the event separation in terms of wavelength, the heterogeneity of the Earth structure, and the time-bandwidth of the correlation parameters used, but this has not been well quantified. We are using the historic dataset of nuclear explosions in southern Nevada to explore empirically where and how well these events correlate as a function of location, depth, size, time-bandwidth and other parameters. A goal is to develop more meaningful and physical metrics that go beyond the correlation coefficient and can be applied to explosion monitoring problems, particularly event identification. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Walter, W R AU - Dodge, D A AU - Ford, S R AU - Pyle, M L AU - Hauk, T F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S51F EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797540133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=How+unique+is+any+given+seismogram%3F+Exploring+correlation+methods+to+identify+explosions&rft.au=Walter%2C+W+R%3BDodge%2C+D+A%3BFord%2C+S+R%3BPyle%2C+M+L%3BHauk%2C+T+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Walter&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved in-water explosion detection by hydrophone triads and T-phase stations AN - 1797539809; 2016-050979 AB - We compare the standard detection scheme employed for hydroacoustic data with an array power detector. The new detection approach offers marginal improvement in signal-to-noise ratio due to the small number of elements, but improves performance for small signals that sit at the threshold of single-station detection. We test the new scheme with a ground-truth dataset from a marine seismic experiment off the coast of Japan and find three times more detections of the small explosions used in the experiment for a hydroacoustic array off Juan Fernandez Island at a distance of nearly 16300 km. We also report detections at several T-phase stations in the Pacific, including Socorro Island at a distance of nearly 10500 km. We plan to analyze features of these detections with the aim of improving in-water explosion detection at T-phase stations. Prepared by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ford, S R AU - Hauk, T F AU - Dodge, D A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S51F EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797539809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Improved+in-water+explosion+detection+by+hydrophone+triads+and+T-phase+stations&rft.au=Ford%2C+S+R%3BHauk%2C+T+F%3BDodge%2C+D+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ford&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysics, remote sensing, and the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) integrated field exercise 2014 AN - 1797538999; 2016-050999 AB - The Integrated Field Exercise of 2014 (IFE14) was an event held in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (with concurrent activities in Austria) that tested the operational and technical capabilities of an on-site inspection (OSI) within the CTBT verification regime. During an OSI, up to 40 international inspectors will search an area for evidence of a nuclear explosion. Over 250 experts from approximately 50 countries were involved in IFE14 (the largest simulation of a real OSI to date) and worked from a number of different directions, such as the Exercise Management and Control Teams (which executed the scenario in which the exercise was played) and those participants performing as members of the Inspection Team (IT). One of the main objectives of IFE14 was to test and integrate Treaty allowed inspection techniques, including a number of geophysical and remote sensing methods. In order to develop a scenario in which the simulated exercise could be carried out, suites of physical features in the IFE14 inspection area were designed and engineered by the Scenario Task Force (STF) that the IT could detect by applying the geophysical and remote sensing inspection technologies, in addition to other techniques allowed by the CTBT. For example, in preparation for IFE14, the STF modeled a seismic triggering event that was provided to the IT to prompt them to detect and localize aftershocks in the vicinity of a possible explosion. Similarly, the STF planted shallow targets such as borehole casings and pipes for detection using other geophysical methods. In addition, airborne technologies, which included multi-spectral imaging, were deployed such that the IT could identify freshly exposed surfaces, imported materials, and other areas that had been subject to modification. This presentation will introduce the CTBT and OSI, explain the IFE14 in terms of the goals specific to geophysical and remote sensing methods, and show how both the preparation for and execution of IFE14 meet those goals. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Sussman, A J AU - Macleod, G AU - Labak, P AU - Malich, G AU - Rowlands, A P AU - Craven, J AU - Sweeney, J J AU - Chiappini, M AU - Tuckwell, G AU - Sankey, Peter AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S52B EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797538999?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Geophysics%2C+remote+sensing%2C+and+the+Comprehensive+Nuclear-Test-Ban+Treaty+%28CTBT%29+integrated+field+exercise+2014&rft.au=Sussman%2C+A+J%3BMacleod%2C+G%3BLabak%2C+P%3BMalich%2C+G%3BRowlands%2C+A+P%3BCraven%2C+J%3BSweeney%2C+J+J%3BChiappini%2C+M%3BTuckwell%2C+G%3BSankey%2C+Peter%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sussman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The survivability of phyllosilicates and carbonates impacting Stardust Al foils; facilitating the search for cometary water AN - 1797538426; 2016-053152 AB - Comet 81P/Wild 2 samples returned by NASA's Stardust mission provide an unequalled opportunity to study the contents of, and hence conditions and processes operating on, comets. They can potentially validate contentious interpretations of cometary infrared spectra and in situ mass spectrometry data: specifically the identification of phyllosilicates and carbonates. However, Wild 2 dust was collected via impact into capture media at approximately 6 km s (super -1) , leading to uncertainty as to whether these minerals were captured intact, and, if subjected to alteration, whether they remain recognizable. We simulated Stardust Al foil capture conditions using a two-stage light-gas gun, and directly compared transmission electron microscope analyses of pre- and postimpact samples to investigate survivability of lizardite and cronstedtite (phyllosilicates) and calcite (carbonate). We find the phyllosilicates do not survive impact as intact crystalline materials but as moderately to highly vesiculated amorphous residues lining resultant impact craters, whose bulk cation to Si ratios remain close to that of the impacting grain. Closer inspection reveals variation in these elements on a submicron scale, where impact-induced melting accompanied by reducing conditions (due to the production of oxygen scavenging molten Al from the target foils) has resulted in the production of native silicon and Fe- and Fe-Si-rich phases. In contrast, large areas of crystalline calcite are preserved within the calcite residue, with smaller regions of vesiculated, Al-bearing calcic glass. Unambiguous identification of calcite impactors on Stardust Al foil is therefore possible, while phyllosilicate impactors may be inferred from vesiculated residues with appropriate bulk cation to Si ratios. Finally, we demonstrate that the characteristic textures and elemental distributions identifying phyllosilicates and carbonates by transmission electron microscopy can also be observed by state-of-the-art scanning electron microscopy providing rapid, nondestructive initial mineral identifications in Stardust residues. Abstract Copyright The Meteoritical Society, 2015. JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Wozniakiewicz, Penelope J AU - Ishii, Hope A AU - Kearsley, Anton T AU - Bradley, John P AU - Price, Mark C AU - Burchell, Mark J AU - Teslich, Nick AU - Cole, Mike J Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 2003 EP - 2023 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 50 IS - 12 SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - silicates KW - cratering KW - impact features KW - simulation KW - infrared spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - cronstedtite KW - melting KW - serpentine group KW - aluminum foil KW - Wild 2 Comet KW - light-gas guns KW - spectra KW - water KW - lizardite KW - experimental studies KW - Stardust Mission KW - electron microscopy data KW - TEM data KW - calcite KW - comets KW - sheet silicates KW - impact craters KW - cometary dust KW - carbonates KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797538426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=The+survivability+of+phyllosilicates+and+carbonates+impacting+Stardust+Al+foils%3B+facilitating+the+search+for+cometary+water&rft.au=Wozniakiewicz%2C+Penelope+J%3BIshii%2C+Hope+A%3BKearsley%2C+Anton+T%3BBradley%2C+John+P%3BPrice%2C+Mark+C%3BBurchell%2C+Mark+J%3BTeslich%2C+Nick%3BCole%2C+Mike+J&rft.aulast=Wozniakiewicz&rft.aufirst=Penelope&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2003&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fmaps.12568 L2 - http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 87 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum foil; calcite; carbonates; cometary dust; comets; cratering; cronstedtite; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; impact craters; impact features; infrared spectra; laboratory studies; light-gas guns; lizardite; melting; serpentine group; sheet silicates; silicates; simulation; spectra; Stardust Mission; TEM data; water; Wild 2 Comet DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/maps.12568 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climatic and societal causes for abrupt environmental change in the Mediterranean during the Common Era AN - 1797538412; 2016-053412 AB - We compare climatic and societal causes for abrupt environmental change for the last 2000 years in the Rieti Basin, central Italy using high-resolution sedimentary paleoenvironmental proxies, historical documents, and annually resolved independent climate reconstructions of temperature and precipitation. Pollen zones, identified from temporally constrained cluster analysis, coincide with historic periods developed from well-established ceramic sequences corresponding to the Roman Imperial through Late Antique (1 to 600 CE) Early Medieval (600 to 875 CE), Medieval through Late Medieval (875 to 1400 CE), Renaissance and Modern (1400 to 1725 CE), and Contemporary periods (1725 CE to present). Non-metric dimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination showed that each temporal period occupied a unique ecologic space suggesting that a new landscape was created during each successive historic period. During Roman time, between 1 and 500 CE, a modest decline in forest coincides with a positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and drier climate; however mesophyllous forest is preserved. Steep decline in forest cover between 850 and 950 CE coincides with positive temperature anomalies in Europe and a positive NAO. Although this would seem to suggest climate as a cause, temperature and precipitation changes are modest and the magnitude and rapidity of the vegetation change suggests climate played a small role. Archaeological evidence from across Europe identifies socioeconomic factors that produced forest clearing. In contrast, cooler temperatures and a negative NAO (increased ppt) appears to have been a catalyst for land abandonment and forest recovery in the 13th to 14th centuries. The NAO produces opposite effects on societies in the eastern and western Mediterranean with the negative phase in 1400 CE leading to cool wet climate and land abandonment in central Italy but an abrupt shift to drier conditions and change from sedentary village life to nomadism in Syria. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mensing, S A AU - Tunno, Irene AU - Sagnotti, Leonardo AU - Florindo, Fabio AU - Noble, P J AU - Archer, Claire AU - Zimmerman, S R H AU - Pavon-Carrasco, F Javier AU - Cifnani, G AU - Passigli, Susanna AU - Piovesan, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract PP51A EP - 2266 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797538412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Climatic+and+societal+causes+for+abrupt+environmental+change+in+the+Mediterranean+during+the+Common+Era&rft.au=Mensing%2C+S+A%3BTunno%2C+Irene%3BSagnotti%2C+Leonardo%3BFlorindo%2C+Fabio%3BNoble%2C+P+J%3BArcher%2C+Claire%3BZimmerman%2C+S+R+H%3BPavon-Carrasco%2C+F+Javier%3BCifnani%2C+G%3BPassigli%2C+Susanna%3BPiovesan%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mensing&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing path-dependent uncertainty estimates for use with the regional seismic travel time (RSTT) model AN - 1797538257; 2016-050978 AB - The Regional Seismic Travel Time (RSTT) tomography model has been developed to improve travel time predictions for regional phases (Pn, Sn, Pg, Lg) in order to increase seismic location accuracy. The RSTT model is specifically designed to exploit regional phases for location, especially when combined with teleseismic arrivals. The latest RSTT model (version 201404) has been released (http://www.sandia.gov/rstt). Travel time uncertainty estimates for RSTT are determined using one-dimensional (1D), distance-dependent error models, that have the benefit of being very fast to use in standard location algorithms, but do not account for path-dependent variations in error, and structural inadequacy of the RSTTT model (e.g., model error). Although global in extent, the RSTT tomography model is only defined in areas where data exist. A simple 1D error model does not accurately model areas where RSTT has not been calibrated. We are developing and investigating a new covariance matrix for RSTT phase arrivals by mathematically deriving this multivariate error model directly from a unified model of RSTT embedded into a statistical random effects model that captures distance, path and model error effects. An initial method developed is a two-dimensional path-distributed method using residuals. Other methods include a complete random-effects model and the calculation of the full model covariance matrix from the RSTT tomographic inversion. The goals for any RSTT uncertainty method are for it to be both readily useful for the standard RSTT user as well as improve travel time uncertainty estimates for location. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Begnaud, M L AU - Anderson, D N AU - Phillips, W S AU - Ballard, S AU - Myers, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S51F EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797538257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Developing+path-dependent+uncertainty+estimates+for+use+with+the+regional+seismic+travel+time+%28RSTT%29+model&rft.au=Begnaud%2C+M+L%3BAnderson%2C+D+N%3BPhillips%2C+W+S%3BBallard%2C+S%3BMyers%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Begnaud&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical investigation of the seismo-acoustic responses of the source physics experiment underground explosions AN - 1797537547; 2016-050982 AB - We have performed three-dimensional high resolution simulations of underground explosions conducted recently in jointed rock outcrop as part of the Source Physics Experiment (SPE) being conducted at the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS). The main goal of the current study is to investigate the effects of the structural and geomechanical properties on the spall phenomena due to underground explosions and its subsequent effect on the seismo-acoustic signature at far distances. Two parametric studies have been undertaken to assess the impact of different 1) conceptual geological models including a single layer and two layers model, with and without joints and with and without varying geomechanical properties, and 2) depth of bursts of the explosions and explosion yields. Through these investigations we have explored not only the near-field response of the explosions but also the far-field responses of the seismic and the acoustic signatures. The near-field simulations were conducted using the Eulerian and Lagrangian codes, GEODYN and GEODYN -L, respectively, while the far-field seismic simulations were conducted using the elastic wave propagation code, WPP, and the acoustic response using the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz-Rayleigh time-dependent approximation code, KHR. Though a series of simulations, we have recorded the velocity field histories a) at the ground surface on an acoustic-source-patch for the acoustic simulations, and 2) on a seismic-source-box for the seismic simulations. We first analyzed the SPE3 and SPE4-prime experimental data and simulated results, and then simulated SPE5, SPE6/7 to anticipate their seismo-acoustic responses given conditions of uncertainties. SPE experiments were conducted in a granitic formation; we have extended the parametric study to include other geological settings such dolomite and alluvial formations. These parametric studies enabled us 1) investigating the geotechnical and geophysical key parameters that impact the seismo-acoustic responses of underground explosions and 2) deciphering and ranking through a global sensitivity analysis the most important key parameters to be characterized on site in order to minimize uncertainties in prediction and discrimination. LLNL-ABS-675328-DRAFT. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Antoun, T AU - Ezzedine, S M AU - Vorobiev, O AU - Glenn, L A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S51F EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797537547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Numerical+investigation+of+the+seismo-acoustic+responses+of+the+source+physics+experiment+underground+explosions&rft.au=Antoun%2C+T%3BEzzedine%2C+S+M%3BVorobiev%2C+O%3BGlenn%2C+L+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Antoun&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calibrated multiple event relocations of the central and eastern United States AN - 1797537506; 2016-050969 AB - Earthquake locations are a first-order observable which form the basis of a wide range of seismic analyses. Currently, the ANSS catalog primarily contains published single-event earthquake locations that rely on assumed 1D velocity models. Increasing the accuracy of cataloged earthquake hypocenter locations and origin times and constraining their associated errors can improve our understanding of Earth structure and have a fundamental impact on subsequent seismic studies. Multiple-event relocation algorithms often increase the precision of relative earthquake hypocenters but are hindered by their limited ability to provide realistic location uncertainties for individual earthquakes. Recently, a Bayesian approach to the multiple event relocation problem has proven to have many benefits including the ability to: (1) handle large data sets; (2) easily incorporate a priori hypocenter information; (3) model phase assignment errors; and, (4) correct for errors in the assumed travel time model. In this study we employ bayseloc [Myers et al., 2007, 2009] to relocate earthquakes in the Central and Eastern United States from 1964-present. We relocate approximately 11,000 earthquakes with a dataset of approximately 439,000 arrival time observations. Our dataset includes arrival-time observations from the ANSS catalog supplemented with arrival-time data from the Reviewed ISC Bulletin (prior to 1981), targeted local studies, and arrival-time data from the TA Array. One significant benefit of the bayesloc algorithm is its ability to incorporate a priori constraints on the probability distributions of specific earthquake locations parameters. To constrain the inversion, we use high-quality calibrated earthquake locations from local studies, including studies from: Raton Basin, Colorado; Mineral, Virginia; Guy, Arkansas; Cheneville, Quebec; Oklahoma; and Mt. Carmel, Illinois. We also add depth constraints to 232 earthquakes from regional moment tensors. Finally, we add constraints from four historic (1964-1973) ground truth events from a verification database. We (1) evaluate our ability to improve our location estimations, (2) use improved locations to evaluate Earth structure in seismically active regions, and (3) examine improvements to the estimated locations of historic large magnitude earthquakes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Yeck, W L AU - Benz, H AU - McNamara, D E AU - Bergman, E AU - Herrmann, R B AU - Myers, S C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S51E EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797537506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Calibrated+multiple+event+relocations+of+the+central+and+eastern+United+States&rft.au=Yeck%2C+W+L%3BBenz%2C+H%3BMcNamara%2C+D+E%3BBergman%2C+E%3BHerrmann%2C+R+B%3BMyers%2C+S+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yeck&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ba/Ca ratios in North Pacific bamboo corals record changes in intermediate water biogeochemistry AN - 1797534937; 2016-050714 AB - Trace elemental ratios preserved in the skeleton of bamboo corals, which live for hundreds of years at >500m depth, have been utilized as archives of deep-ocean conditions. However, it was previously unclear whether trace element data from these corals were internally reproducible and could therefore be used as reliable climate proxies. This study tests the internal reproducibility of Ba/Ca in the calcite of nine bamboo corals to further develop a new proxy for dissolved Ba in seawater (BaSW). Trace element LA-ICP-MS data were collected along three replicate radii of varying lengths of the calcitic internodes of well-dated corals collected live from the Gulf of Alaska (720m and 643m) and the California Margin (870m, 1012m, 1295m, 1500m, 1521m, 1954m, and 2054m; samples from 1295-1521m are not yet dated). Data were aligned using visible bands measured with a petrographic microscope to account for irregular growth. Ba/Ca data filtered with a 50mu m (1.5-2 year) moving average were reproducible within each coral to 2.9 + or - 2.1% (n=3 radii/coral, 9 corals), suggesting that regional geochemical signals are recorded as reproducible Ba/Ca signals on >annual timescales. Coral Ba/Ca presents an excellent proxy for BaSW, which has been found to be correlated with refractory nutrients (e.g. silicate) and oxygen minima. Increasing BaSW with depth and increased variability near 1000m suggests that BaSW is not constant with depth or with time. Several factors, including barite saturation state, particulate organic carbon (POC) remineralization rate, and particle sinking time, may be involved in the observed changes in BaSW. Further examination of such mechanisms could provide new insights into modern changes in deep-sea biogeochemistry. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Serrato Marks, G AU - LaVigne, M AU - Hill, T M AU - Sauthoff, W AU - Guilderson, T P AU - Roark, E B AU - Dunbar, R B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B22B EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797534937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Ba%2FCa+ratios+in+North+Pacific+bamboo+corals+record+changes+in+intermediate+water+biogeochemistry&rft.au=Serrato+Marks%2C+G%3BLaVigne%2C+M%3BHill%2C+T+M%3BSauthoff%2C+W%3BGuilderson%2C+T+P%3BRoark%2C+E+B%3BDunbar%2C+R+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Serrato+Marks&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production of excess CO (sub 2) relative to methane in peatlands; a new H (sub 2) sink AN - 1797532503; 2016-053200 AB - Methane is generated as the end product of anaerobic organic matter degradation following a series of reaction pathways including fermentation and syntrophy. Along with acetate and CO2, syntrophic reactions generate H2 and are only thermodynamically feasible when coupled to an exothermic reaction that consumes H2. The usual model of organic matter degradation in peatlands has assumed that methanogenesis is that exothermic H2-consuming reaction. If correct, this paradigm should ultimately result in equimolar production of CO2 and methane from the degradation of the model organic compound cellulose: i.e. C6H12O6 a 3CO2 + 3CH4. However, dissolved gas measurement and modeling results from field and incubation experiments spanning peatlands across the northern hemisphere have failed to demonstrate equimolar production of CO2 and methane. Instead, in a flagrant violation of thermodynamics, these studies show a large bias favoring CO2 production over methane generation. In this talk, we will use an array of complementary analytical techniques including FT-IR, cellulose and lignin measurements, 13C-NMR, fluorescence spectroscopy, and ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry to describe organic matter degradation within a peat column and identify the important degradation mechanisms. Hydrogenation was the most common transformation observed in the ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry data. From these results we propose a new mechanism for consuming H2 generated during CO2 production, without concomitant methane formation, consistent with observed high CO2/CH4 ratios. While homoacetogenesis is a known sink for H2 in these systems, this process also consumes CO2 and therefore does not explain the excess CO2 measured in field and incubation samples. Not only does the newly proposed mechanism consume H2 without generating methane, but it also yields enough energy to balance the coupled syntrophic reactions, thereby restoring thermodynamic order. Schematic of organic matter degradation. Solid lines indicate traditional pathways from Conrad (1999), dashed lines indicates new proposed mechanism. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wilson, R AU - Woodcroft, B J AU - Varner, R K AU - Tyson, G W AU - Tfaily, M M AU - Sebestyen, S AU - Saleska, S R AU - Rogers, K AU - Rich, V I AU - McFarlane, K J AU - Kostka, J E AU - Kolka, R K AU - Keller, J AU - Iversen, C M AU - Hodgkins, S B AU - Hanson, P J AU - Guilderson, T P AU - Griffiths, N AU - de La Cruz, F AU - Crill, P M AU - Chanton, J AU - Bridgham, S D AU - Barlaz, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B11H EP - 0536 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797532503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Production+of+excess+CO+%28sub+2%29+relative+to+methane+in+peatlands%3B+a+new+H+%28sub+2%29+sink&rft.au=Wilson%2C+R%3BWoodcroft%2C+B+J%3BVarner%2C+R+K%3BTyson%2C+G+W%3BTfaily%2C+M+M%3BSebestyen%2C+S%3BSaleska%2C+S+R%3BRogers%2C+K%3BRich%2C+V+I%3BMcFarlane%2C+K+J%3BKostka%2C+J+E%3BKolka%2C+R+K%3BKeller%2C+J%3BIversen%2C+C+M%3BHodgkins%2C+S+B%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BGuilderson%2C+T+P%3BGriffiths%2C+N%3Bde+La+Cruz%2C+F%3BCrill%2C+P+M%3BChanton%2C+J%3BBridgham%2C+S+D%3BBarlaz%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cosmogenic (super 10) Be chronologies of moraines and glacially scoured bedrock in the Teton Range, with implications for paleoclimatic events and tectonic activity AN - 1797529754; 2016-053462 AB - At its Pleistocene maximum, the greater Yellowstone glacial system consisted of an ice cap on the Yellowstone Plateau joined by glaciers from adjacent high mountains, including the Teton Range. In prior research, we obtained 112 exposure ages from moraines and bedrock in this region. These chronologies identified asynchronous outlet glacier culminations around the periphery of the Yellowstone glacier complex, supporting a model of spatial and temporal progressions in buildup and decay of the various ice source regions. Here we build on this previous work and present >30 recently developed 10Be exposure ages on glacial features in the Teton Range. Although the Tetons harbored a relatively small portion of the greater Yellowstone ice complex, glaciers in this range left behind some of the region's best-preserved moraine sequences and scoured bedrock. Ongoing investigations are focused on developing moraine chronologies in several drainages on the eastern and western Teton Range fronts, and obtaining exposure ages along scoured bedrock transects in glacial troughs upvalley from the dated moraines to define rates of ice recession. Notably, our dating campaign includes lateral moraines that are offset by the Teton fault, providing a rare opportunity to establish direct constraints on integrated long-term slip rates. All new and previously obtained 10Be ages are calculated using recently published calibrations and scaling of 10Be production rates. Initial results show that massive lateral moraines in selected drainages are several thousands of years older than adjacent distal end moraines, implying that the laterals were constructed during an earlier phase of the last glaciation and then acted to topographically confine subsequent ice advances. Mean ages of ca. 17-16 ka from terminal moraine loops along with limiting ages from scoured bedrock upvalley of the moraines indicate glacier culminations followed by the onset of rapid ice retreat long after the end of the global Last Glacial Maximum, but well before the start of the Bolling-Allerod warm interval. This expanded chronology provides a refined understanding of the timing of late Pleistocene glacier events in the central Rocky Mountains, and allows a more critical examination of climatic influences on glacier fluctuations in this region. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Licciardi, Joe M AU - Pierce, K L AU - Thackray, G D AU - Finkel, R C AU - Zimmerman, S R H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract PP51E EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797529754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Cosmogenic+%28super+10%29+Be+chronologies+of+moraines+and+glacially+scoured+bedrock+in+the+Teton+Range%2C+with+implications+for+paleoclimatic+events+and+tectonic+activity&rft.au=Licciardi%2C+Joe+M%3BPierce%2C+K+L%3BThackray%2C+G+D%3BFinkel%2C+R+C%3BZimmerman%2C+S+R+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Licciardi&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Holocene carbon accumulation rates in the SPRUCE bog prior to warming and elevated CO (sub 2) treatment AN - 1797529556; 2016-053202 AB - In the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Climatic and Environmental Change (SPRUCE) experiment warming and elevated CO2 treatments are being applied to an ombrotrophic spruce bog: the S1 Bog (S1) at Marcell Experimental Forest in northern Minnesota. To provide a historical context for recent and expected experimentally-induced changes in the bog's belowground carbon balance, we reconstructed historical carbon accumulation rates in peat using radiocarbon from 19 peat cores collected from randomly distributed SPRUCE plots. This unusually high number of cores allows us to assess spatial variability in age-depth profiles and accumulation rates across the SPRUCE study area within S1. This data, along with recent C flux measurements, show that the bog has been accumulating carbon for at least 12,0000 years and has continued to be a sink for atmospheric carbon of approximately 150 g C m-2 yr-1 in recent decades. Early Holocene accumulation rates are similar to those reported for other northern peatlands (approximately 25 g C m-2 yr-1), but apparent carbon accumulation decreased substantially around 3,000 years ago (to 5-15 g C m-2 yr-1) and stayed low until the last century. This decrease is considerably larger than that reported for other peatlands and is therefore unlikely to result only from cooling during the Holocene or bog succession. Although no charcoal has been found in peat at this site, evidence from a neighboring bog indicates a considerable amount of peat formed during this period was consumed by fire and it is possible that smoldering fires consumed peat, resulting in low apparent accumulation rates. Past droughts may have also contributed to observed trends by lowering the acrotelm/catotelm boundary, allowing for enhanced aerobic peat decomposition. This work provides important background information on spatial variability and carbon biogeochemistry that will aid in interpretation of climate change simulation experiments at S1. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - McFarlane, K J AU - Iversen, C M AU - Phillips, J R AU - Brice, D J AU - Hanson, P J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B11H EP - 0540 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797529556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Holocene+carbon+accumulation+rates+in+the+SPRUCE+bog+prior+to+warming+and+elevated+CO+%28sub+2%29+treatment&rft.au=McFarlane%2C+K+J%3BIversen%2C+C+M%3BPhillips%2C+J+R%3BBrice%2C+D+J%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McFarlane&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-N seismic deployment at the source physics experiment (SPE) site AN - 1793207239; 2016-046763 AB - The Source Physics Experiment (SPE) is multi-institutional and multi-disciplinary project that consists of a series of chemical explosion experiments at the Nevada National Security Site. The goal of SPE is to understand the complicated effect of earth structures on source energy partitioning and seismic wave propagation, develop and validate physics-based monitoring, and ultimately better discriminate low-yield nuclear explosions from background seismicity. Deployment of a large number of seismic sensors is planned for SPE to image the full 3-D wavefield with about 500 three-component sensors and 500 vertical component sensors. This large-N seismic deployment will operate near the site of SPE-5 shot for about one month, recording the SPE-5 shot, ambient noise, and additional controlled-sources. This presentation focuses on the design of the large-N seismic deployment. We show how we optimized the sensor layout based on the geological structure and experiment goals with a limited number of sensors. In addition, we will also show some preliminary record sections from deployment. This work was conducted under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25946 with the U.S. Department of Energy. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chen, T AU - Snelson, C M AU - Mellors, R J AU - Pitarka, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S53B EP - 2827 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793207239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Large-N+seismic+deployment+at+the+source+physics+experiment+%28SPE%29+site&rft.au=Chen%2C+T%3BSnelson%2C+C+M%3BMellors%2C+R+J%3BPitarka%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of the source physics experiment SPE4 prime using state-of-the-art parallel numerical tools AN - 1793207213; 2016-046749 AB - This work describes a methodology used for large scale modeling of wave propagation from underground chemical explosions conducted at the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) fractured granitic rock. We show that the discrete natures of rock masses as well as the spatial variability of the fabric of rock properties are very important to understand ground motions induced by underground explosions. In order to build a credible conceptual model of the subsurface we integrated the geological, geomechanical and geophysical characterizations conducted during recent test at the NNSS as well as historical data from the characterization during the underground nuclear test conducted at the NNSS. Because detailed site characterization is limited, expensive and, in some instances, impossible we have numerically investigated the effects of the characterization gaps on the overall response of the system. We performed several computational studies to identify the key important geologic features specific to fractured media mainly the joints characterized at the NNSS. We have also explored common key features to both geological environments such as saturation and topography and assess which characteristics affect the most the ground motion in the near-field and in the far-field. Stochastic representation of these features based on the field characterizations has been implemented into LLNL's Geodyn-L hydrocode. Simulations were used to guide site characterization efforts in order to provide the essential data to the modeling community. We validate our computational results by comparing the measured and computed ground motion at various ranges for the recently executed SPE4 prime experiment. We have also conducted a comparative study between SPE4 prime and previous experiments SPE1 and SPE3 to assess similarities and differences and draw conclusions on designing SPE5. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Vorobiev, O AU - Ezzedine, S M AU - Antoun, T AU - Glenn, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S53B EP - 2813 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793207213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+the+source+physics+experiment+SPE4+prime+using+state-of-the-art+parallel+numerical+tools&rft.au=Vorobiev%2C+O%3BEzzedine%2C+S+M%3BAntoun%2C+T%3BGlenn%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vorobiev&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rigorous approach in investigation of seismic structure and source characteristics in northeast Asia; hierarchical and trans-dimensional Bayesian inversion AN - 1793207152; 2016-046764 AB - Conventional approaches to inverse problems suffer from non-linearity and non-uniqueness in estimations of seismic structures and source properties. Estimated results and associated uncertainties are often biased by applied regularizations and additional constraints, which are commonly introduced to solve such problems. Bayesian methods, however, provide statistically meaningful estimations of models and their uncertainties constrained by data information. In addition, hierarchical and trans-dimensional (trans-D) techniques are inherently implemented in the Bayesian framework to account for involved error statistics and model parameterizations, and, in turn, allow more rigorous estimations of the same. Here, we apply Bayesian methods throughout the entire inference process to estimate seismic structures and source properties in Northeast Asia including east China, the Korean peninsula, and the Japanese islands. Ambient noise analysis is first performed to obtain a base three-dimensional (3-D) heterogeneity model using continuous broadband waveforms from more than 300 stations. As for the tomography of surface wave group and phase velocities in the 5-70 s band, we adopt a hierarchical and trans-D Bayesian inversion method using Voronoi partition. The 3-D heterogeneity model is further improved by joint inversions of teleseismic receiver functions and dispersion data using a newly developed high-efficiency Bayesian technique. The obtained model is subsequently used to prepare 3-D structural Green's functions for the source characterization. A hierarchical Bayesian method for point source inversion using regional complete waveform data is applied to selected events from the region. The seismic structure and source characteristics with rigorously estimated uncertainties from the novel Bayesian methods provide enhanced monitoring and discrimination of seismic events in northeast Asia. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mustac, Marija AU - Kim, S AU - Tkalcic, Hrvoje AU - Rhie, J AU - Chen, Y AU - Ford, S R AU - Sebastian, Nita AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S53B EP - 2828 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793207152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Rigorous+approach+in+investigation+of+seismic+structure+and+source+characteristics+in+northeast+Asia%3B+hierarchical+and+trans-dimensional+Bayesian+inversion&rft.au=Mustac%2C+Marija%3BKim%2C+S%3BTkalcic%2C+Hrvoje%3BRhie%2C+J%3BChen%2C+Y%3BFord%2C+S+R%3BSebastian%2C+Nita%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mustac&rft.aufirst=Marija&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cavity radius scaling for chemical explosions in granite AN - 1793206807; 2016-046758 AB - It was long argued that the far-field seismic amplitudes from explosions are determined by the volume change in the source region, mainly due to a formation of the explosive cavities (e.g. Denny and Johnson, 1991). Weston Geophysical performed measurements of the cavities left by small chemical explosions in hard rock in New England. The comparison of the measured cavity sizes with historical data from nuclear and chemical explosions in hard rock (e.g. granite) shows that the cavity radii scale as W1/3 and appear to be depth independent because the rock strength significantly exceeds the overburden pressure for all possible explosion depths. The cavity sizes produced by nuclear explosions in softer rock (e.g. alluvium) deviate from the cubic root scaling and depend on the confining pressure. Cavity size calculations as a function of yield using hydrodynamic simulations with GEODYN, an Eulerian hydrodynamic code developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, support these observations. We investigate the effects of the cavity size as well as the extent of the damage zones on seismic radiation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Stroujkova, Ana F AU - Vorobiev, O AU - Carnevale, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S53B EP - 2822 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Cavity+radius+scaling+for+chemical+explosions+in+granite&rft.au=Stroujkova%2C+Ana+F%3BVorobiev%2C+O%3BCarnevale%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stroujkova&rft.aufirst=Ana&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using passive seismic methods to detect underground cavities AN - 1793206802; 2016-046762 AB - An underground cavity (or low velocity anomaly) may interact with a seismic wavefield in several ways: scattering or reflecting seismic body waves, changing the dispersion of surface waves, inducing resonances within the cavity, or by generating waves traveling around the cavity interface. In theory, these features may be observed using either active or passive seismic surveys. We explore the possibility of detecting the sites of underground nuclear explosions using passive seismic data first by generating a set of synthetic models and second by a field experiment. We generated 3D synthetics on an idealized representation of the cavity and chimney and estimated constraints on detection. Eight broadband seismometers were deployed around the site of a known underground nuclear explosion (UNE) at the U.S. Nevada National Security Site. Examination of the observed data does not show clear indications of resonance within the cavity and chimney caused by seismic waves from teleseismic, regional, or local earthquakes. Green's functions of raypaths between station pairs have been generated using seismic interferometry based on ambient seismic noise and these will be used to generate a tomographic model. Prepared by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Release number LLNL-ABS-675177. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mellors, R J AU - Matzel, E AU - Sweeney, J J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S53B EP - 2826 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Using+passive+seismic+methods+to+detect+underground+cavities&rft.au=Mellors%2C+R+J%3BMatzel%2C+E%3BSweeney%2C+J+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mellors&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Yield determination of underground and near surface explosions AN - 1793206790; 2016-046747 AB - As seismic coverage of the earth's surface continues to improve, we are faced with signals from a wide variety of explosions from various sources ranging from oil train and ordnance explosions to military and terrorist attacks, as well as underground nuclear tests. We present on a method for determining the yield of underground and near surface explosions, which should be applicable for many of these. We first review the regional envelope method that was developed for underground explosions (Pasyanos et al., 2012) and more recently modified for near surface explosions (Pasyanos and Ford, 2015). The technique models the waveform envelope templates as a product of source, propagation (geometrical spreading and attenuation), and site terms, while near surface explosions include an additional surface effect. Yields and depths are determined by comparing the observed envelopes to the templates and minimizing the misfit. We then apply the method to nuclear and chemical explosions for a range of yields, depths, and distances. We will review some results from previous work, and show new examples from ordnance explosions in Scandinavia, nuclear explosions in Eurasia, and chemical explosions in Nevada associated with the Source Physics Experiments (SPE). JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Pasyanos, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S53B EP - 2811 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Yield+determination+of+underground+and+near+surface+explosions&rft.au=Pasyanos%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pasyanos&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Finite-difference modeling of seismic wave scattering in 3D heterogeneous media; generation of tangential motion from an explosion source AN - 1793206785; 2016-046753 AB - One challenging task in explosion seismology is development of physical models for explaining the generation of S-waves during underground explosions. Pitarka et al. (2015) used finite difference simulations of SPE-3 (part of Source Physics Experiment, SPE, an ongoing series of underground chemical explosions at the Nevada National Security Site) and found that while a large component of shear motion was generated directly at the source, additional scattering from heterogeneous velocity structure and topography are necessary to better match the data. Large-scale features in the velocity model used in the SPE simulations are well constrained, however, small-scale heterogeneity is poorly constrained. In our study we used a stochastic representation of small-scale variability in order to produce additional high-frequency scattering. Two methods for generating the distributions of random scatterers are tested. The first is done in the spatial domain by essentially smoothing a set of random numbers over an ellipsoidal volume using a Gaussian weighting function. The second method consists of filtering a set of random numbers in the wavenumber domain to obtain a set of heterogeneities with a desired statistical distribution (Frankel and Clayton, 1986). This method is capable of generating distributions with either Gaussian or von Karman autocorrelation functions. The key parameters that affect scattering are the correlation length, the standard deviation of velocity for the heterogeneities, and the Hurst exponent, which is only present in the von Karman media. Overall, we find that shorter correlation lengths as well as higher standard deviations result in increased tangential motion in the frequency band of interest (0 - 10 Hz). This occurs partially through S-wave refraction, but mostly by P-S and Rg-S waves conversions. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hirakawa, E T AU - Pitarka, A AU - Mellors, R J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S53B EP - 2817 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Finite-difference+modeling+of+seismic+wave+scattering+in+3D+heterogeneous+media%3B+generation+of+tangential+motion+from+an+explosion+source&rft.au=Hirakawa%2C+E+T%3BPitarka%2C+A%3BMellors%2C+R+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hirakawa&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Infrasound waveform inversion and mass flux validation from Sakurajima Volcano, Japan AN - 1793206766; 2016-046782 AB - Recent advances in numerical wave propagation modeling and station coverage have permitted robust inversion of infrasound data from volcanic explosions. Complex topography and crater morphology have been shown to substantially affect the infrasound waveform, suggesting that homogeneous acoustic propagation assumptions are invalid. Infrasound waveform inversion provides an exciting tool to accurately characterize emission volume and mass flux from both volcanic and non-volcanic explosions. Mass flux, arguably the most sought-after parameter from a volcanic eruption, can be determined from the volume flux using infrasound waveform inversion if the volcanic flow is well-characterized. Thus far, infrasound-based volume and mass flux estimates have yet to be validated. In February 2015 we deployed six infrasound stations around the explosive Sakurajima Volcano, Japan for 8 days. Here we present our full waveform inversion method and volume and mass flux estimates of numerous high amplitude explosions using a high resolution DEM and 3-D Finite Difference Time Domain modeling. Application of this technique to volcanic eruptions may produce realistic estimates of mass flux and plume height necessary for volcanic hazard mitigation. Several ground-based instruments and methods are used to independently determine the volume, composition, and mass flux of individual volcanic explosions. Specifically, we use ground-based ash sampling, multispectral infrared imagery, UV spectrometry, and multigas data to estimate the plume composition and flux. Unique tiltmeter data from underground tunnels at Sakurajima also provides a way to estimate the volume and mass of each explosion. In this presentation we compare the volume and mass flux estimates derived from the different methods and discuss sources of error and future improvements. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Fee, D AU - Kim, K AU - Yokoo, A AU - Izbekov, P E AU - Lopez, T M AU - Prata, F AU - Ahonen, P AU - Kazahaya, R AU - Nakamichi, H AU - Iguchi, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S53D EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Infrasound+waveform+inversion+and+mass+flux+validation+from+Sakurajima+Volcano%2C+Japan&rft.au=Fee%2C+D%3BKim%2C+K%3BYokoo%2C+A%3BIzbekov%2C+P+E%3BLopez%2C+T+M%3BPrata%2C+F%3BAhonen%2C+P%3BKazahaya%2C+R%3BNakamichi%2C+H%3BIguchi%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fee&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Near source structural effects on seismic waves; implication for shear motion generation during SPE-4Prime AN - 1793206696; 2016-046743 AB - We have analyzed effects of wave scattering due to near-source structural complexity and sliding joint motion on generation of shear waves from SPE-4Pprime, a shallow chemical explosion conducted at the Nevada National Security Site. In addition to analyzing far-field ground motion recorded on three-component geophones, we performed high-frequency simulations of the explosion using a finite difference method and heterogeneous media with stochastic variability. The stochastic variations of seismic velocity were modeled using Gaussian correlation functions. Using simulations and recorded waveforms we demonstrate the implication of wave scattering on generation of shear motion, and show the gradual increase of shear motion energy as the waves propagate through media with variable scattering. The amplitude and duration of shear waves resulting from wave scattering are found to be dependent on the model complexity and to a lesser extent to source distance. Analysis of shear-motion generation due to joint motion were conducted using numerical simulations performed with GEODYN-L, a parallelized Lagrangian hydrocode, while a stochastic approach was used in depicting the properties of joints. Separated effects of source and wave scattering on shear motion generation will be shown through simulated motion. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 Release Number: LLNL-ABS-675570 JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Pitarka, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S53B EP - 2807 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Near+source+structural+effects+on+seismic+waves%3B+implication+for+shear+motion+generation+during+SPE-4Prime&rft.au=Pitarka%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pitarka&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High resolution regional attenuation for the source physics experiment using multiphase inversion AN - 1793206683; 2016-046746 AB - Seismic event amplitude measurement plays a critical role in the discrimination between earthquakes and explosions. An accurate 2D model of the attenuation experienced by seismic waves traveling through the earth is especially important for reasonable amplitude estimation at small event-to-station distances. In this study, we investigate the detailed attenuation structure in the region around southern Nevada as part of the Source Physics Experiment (SPE). The SPE consists of a series of chemical explosions at the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) designed to improve our understanding of explosion physics and enable better modeling of explosion sources. Phase I of the SPE is currently being conducted in the Climax Stock Granite and Phase II will move to a contrasting dry alluvium geology. A high-resolution attenuation model will aid in the modeling efforts of these experiments. To improve our understanding of the propagation of energy from sources in the area to local and regional stations in the western U.S., we invert regional phases Pn, Pg, and Lg to examine the crust and upper mantle attenuation structure of southern Nevada and the surrounding region. We consider observed amplitudes as the frequency-domain product of a source term, a site term, a geometrical spreading term, and an attenuation (Q) term (e.g. Walter and Taylor, 2001). Initially we take a staged approach to first determine the best 1D Q values; next we calculate source terms using the 1D model, and finally we solve for the best 2D Q parameters and site terms considering all frequencies simultaneously. Our preliminary results agree generally with those from the continent-wide study by Pasyanos (2013). With additional data we are working to develop a more detailed and higher frequency model of the region as well as move toward a fully non-linear inversion. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Pyle, Moira L AU - Walter, W R AU - Pasyanos, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S53B EP - 2810 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=High+resolution+regional+attenuation+for+the+source+physics+experiment+using+multiphase+inversion&rft.au=Pyle%2C+Moira+L%3BWalter%2C+W+R%3BPasyanos%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pyle&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Moment tensor analysis of shallow sources AN - 1793206620; 2016-046737 AB - A potential issue for moment tensor inversion of shallow seismic sources is that some moment tensor components have vanishing amplitudes at the free surface, which can result in bias in the moment tensor solution. The effects of the free-surface on the stability of the moment tensor method becomes important as we continue to investigate and improve the capabilities of regional full moment tensor inversion for source-type identification and discrimination. It is important to understand these free surface effects on discriminating shallow explosive sources for nuclear monitoring purposes. It may also be important in natural systems that have shallow seismicity such as volcanoes and geothermal systems. In this study, we apply the moment tensor based discrimination method to the HUMMING ALBATROSS quarry blasts. These shallow chemical explosions at approximately 10 m depth and recorded up to several kilometers distance represent rather severe source-station geometry in terms of vanishing traction issues. We show that the method is capable of recovering a predominantly explosive source mechanism, and the combined waveform and first motion method enables the unique discrimination of these events. Recovering the correct yield using seismic moment estimates from moment tensor inversion remains challenging but we can begin to put error bounds on our moment estimates using the NSS technique. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chiang, A AU - Dreger, D S AU - Ford, S R AU - Walter, W R AU - Yoo, S H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S53B EP - 2801 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Moment+tensor+analysis+of+shallow+sources&rft.au=Chiang%2C+A%3BDreger%2C+D+S%3BFord%2C+S+R%3BWalter%2C+W+R%3BYoo%2C+S+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chiang&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated geophysical analysis at a legacy test site AN - 1793206615; 2016-046755 AB - We integrate magnetic, electromagnetic (EM), gravity, and seismic data to develop a unified and consistent model of the subsurface at the U20ak site on Pahute Mesa at the Nevada National Nuclear Security Site (NNSS). The 1985 test, conducted in tuff at a depth of approximately 600 m did not collapse to the surface or produce a crater. The purpose of the geophysical measurements is to characterize the subsurface above and around the presumed explosion cavity. The magnetic data are used to locate steel borehole casings and pipes and are correlated with surface observations. The EM data show variation in lithology at depth and clear signatures from borehole casings and surface cables. The gravity survey detects a clear gravity low in the area of the explosion. The seismic data indicates shallow low velocity zone and indications of a deeper low velocity zones. In this study, we conduct 2D inversion of EM data for better characterization of site geology and use a common 3D density model to jointly interpret both the seismic and gravity data along with constraints on lithology boundaries from the EM. The integration of disparate geophysical datasets allows improved understanding of the non-prompt physical signatures of an underground nuclear explosion (UNE). LLNL Release Number: LLNL-ABS-675677. The authors express their gratitude to the National Nuclear Security Administration, Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Research and Development, and the Comprehensive Inspection Technologies and UNESE working group, a multi-institutional and interdisciplinary group of scientists and engineers. This work was performed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Los Alamos National Laboratory under award number DE-AC52-06NA25946. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Yang, X AU - Mellors, R J AU - Sweeney, Jerry J AU - Sussman, A J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S53B EP - 2819 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Integrated+geophysical+analysis+at+a+legacy+test+site&rft.au=Yang%2C+X%3BMellors%2C+R+J%3BSweeney%2C+Jerry+J%3BSussman%2C+A+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acoustic full waveform inversion to characterize near-surface chemical explosions AN - 1793206609; 2016-046740 AB - Recent high-quality, atmospheric overpressure data from chemical high-explosive experiments provide a unique opportunity to characterize near-surface explosions, specifically estimating yield and source time function. Typically, yield is estimated from measured signal features, such as peak pressure, impulse, duration and/or arrival time of acoustic signals. However, the application of full waveform inversion to acoustic signals for yield estimation has not been fully explored. In this study, we apply a full waveform inversion method to local overpressure data to extract accurate pressure-time histories of acoustics sources during chemical explosions. A robust and accurate inversion technique for acoustic source is investigated using numerical Green's functions that take into account atmospheric and topographic propagation effects. The inverted pressure-time history represents the pressure fluctuation at the source region associated with the explosion, and thus, provides a valuable information about acoustic source mechanisms and characteristics in greater detail. We compare acoustic source properties (i.e., peak overpressure, duration, and non-isotropic shape) of a series of explosions having different emplacement conditions and investigate the relationship of the acoustic sources to the yields of explosions. The time histories of acoustic sources may refine our knowledge of sound-generation mechanisms of shallow explosions, and thereby allow for accurate yield estimation based on acoustic measurements. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kim, K AU - Rodgers, A J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S53B EP - 2804 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Acoustic+full+waveform+inversion+to+characterize+near-surface+chemical+explosions&rft.au=Kim%2C+K%3BRodgers%2C+A+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - BayesMT; Bayesian inference for the seismic moment tensor using regional and teleseismic-P waveforms with first-motion data and a calibrated prior distribution of velocity models AN - 1789753554; 2016-042552 AB - The largest source of uncertainty in any source inversion is the velocity model used to construct the transfer function employed in the forward model that relates observed ground motion to the seismic moment tensor. We attempt to incorporate this uncertainty into an estimation of the seismic moment tensor using a posterior distribution of velocity models based on different and complementary data sets, including thickness constraints, velocity profiles, gravity data, surface wave group velocities, and regional body wave traveltimes. The posterior distribution of velocity models is then used to construct a prior distribution of Green's functions for use in Bayesian inference of an unknown seismic moment tensor using regional and teleseismic-P waveforms with first-motion data. The use of multiple data sets is important for gaining resolution to different components of the moment tensor. The combined likelihood is estimated using data-specific error models and the posterior of the seismic moment tensor is estimated and interpreted in terms of most-probable source-type. Prepared by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ford, S R AU - Kim, S AU - Chiang, A AU - Tkalcic, H AU - Walter, W R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S21B EP - 2684 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789753554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=BayesMT%3B+Bayesian+inference+for+the+seismic+moment+tensor+using+regional+and+teleseismic-P+waveforms+with+first-motion+data+and+a+calibrated+prior+distribution+of+velocity+models&rft.au=Ford%2C+S+R%3BKim%2C+S%3BChiang%2C+A%3BTkalcic%2C+H%3BWalter%2C+W+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ford&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding the physical causes of surface wave amplitude variations across eastern Asia through seismic waveform simulation AN - 1789753377; 2016-042637 AB - Understanding the physical causes of surface wave amplitude variations is essential in many aspects of seismology, including estimation of the magnitude of earthquake/anthropogenic events, study of the attenuation properties of Earth's interior, and analysis of the ground motion for engineering seismology and hazard assessment. This topic remains challenging in part due to the lack of high-quality earth models, and also because numerous factors may significantly affect surface wave amplitudes. These include: 1) source directivity, 2) anelastic attenuation, 3) multipathing and focusing/defocusing, and 4) local amplification. To better understand the physical causes of the surface wave amplitude variations across Eastern Asia, we model seismic wave propagation using the crustal and uppermost mantle model constructed by Shen et al. (2015), which was produced using surface wave datasets and which captured many geological features. We apply the spectral element method (SEM) and a node-based finite-difference approach perform Rayleigh wave waveform modeling across Eastern Asia. By measuring and analyzing the results of the surface wave waveform modeling, we separate and quantify the effects on surface wave amplitudes; notably , focusing/defocusing and local amplification effects. Our results illuminate the causes of observed amplitude variations across Eastern Asia from earthquake and anthropogenic sources and guide future research based on surface wave amplitudes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Feng, L AU - Shen, W AU - Rodgers, A J AU - Ritzwoller, M H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S23C EP - 2725 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789753377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Understanding+the+physical+causes+of+surface+wave+amplitude+variations+across+eastern+Asia+through+seismic+waveform+simulation&rft.au=Feng%2C+L%3BShen%2C+W%3BRodgers%2C+A+J%3BRitzwoller%2C+M+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Feng&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic characterization of the Newberry and Cooper Basin EGS sites AN - 1789747951; 2016-044714 AB - To aid in the seismic characterization of Engineered Geothermal Systems (EGS), we enhance traditional microearthquake detection and location methodologies at two EGS systems: the Newberry EGS site and the Habanero EGS site in the Cooper Basin of South Australia. We apply the Matched Field Processing (MFP) seismic imaging technique to detect new seismic events using known discrete microearthquake sources. Events identified using MFP typically have smaller magnitudes or occur within the coda of a larger event. Additionally, we apply a Bayesian multiple-event location algorithm, called MicroBayesLoc, to estimate the 95% probability ellipsoids for events with high signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). Such probability ellipsoid information can provide evidence for determining if a seismic lineation is real, or simply within the anticipated error range. At the Newberry EGS site, 235 events were reported in the original catalog. MFP identified 164 additional events (an increase of over 70% more events). For the relocated events in the Newberry catalog, we can distinguish two distinct seismic swarms that fall outside of one another's 95% probability error ellipsoids. This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Templeton, D C AU - Wang, J AU - Goebel, M AU - Johannesson, G AU - Myers, S C AU - Harris, D AU - Cladouhos, T T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S12A EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789747951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Seismic+characterization+of+the+Newberry+and+Cooper+Basin+EGS+sites&rft.au=Templeton%2C+D+C%3BWang%2C+J%3BGoebel%2C+M%3BJohannesson%2C+G%3BMyers%2C+S+C%3BHarris%2C+D%3BCladouhos%2C+T+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Templeton&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Looking inside the microseismic cloud using seismic interferometry AN - 1789747108; 2016-044752 AB - Microseismicity provides a direct means of measuring the physical characteristics of active tectonic features such as fault zones. Thousands of microquakes are often associated with an active site. This cloud of microseismicity helps define the tectonically active region. When processed using novel geophysical techniques, we can isolate the energy sensitive to the faulting region, itself. The virtual seismometer method (VSM) is a technique of seismic interferometry that provides precise estimates of the GF between earthquakes. In many ways the converse of ambient noise correlation, it is very sensitive to the source parameters (location, mechanism and magnitude) and to the Earth structure in the source region. In a region with 1000 microseisms, we can calculate roughly 500,000 waveforms sampling the active zone. At the same time, VSM collapses the computation domain down to the size of the cloud of microseismicity, often by 2-3 orders of magnitude. In simple terms VSM involves correlating the waveforms from a pair of events recorded at an individual station and then stacking the results over all stations to obtain the final result. In the far-field, when most of the stations in a network fall along a line between the two events, the result is an estimate of the GF between the two, modified by the source terms. In this geometry each earthquake is effectively a virtual seismometer recording all the others. When applied to microquakes, this alignment is often not met, and we also need to address the effects of the geometry between the two microquakes relative to each seismometer. Nonetheless, the technique is quite robust, and highly sensitive to the microseismic cloud. Using data from the Salton Sea geothermal region, we demonstrate the power of the technique, illustrating our ability to scale the technique from the far-field, where sources are well separated, to the near field where their locations fall within each other's uncertainty ellipse. VSM provides better illumination of the complex subsurface by generating precise, high frequency estimates of the GF and resolution of seismic properties between every pair of events. This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Matzel, E AU - Rhode, A AU - Morency, C AU - Templeton, D C AU - Pyle, M L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S33F EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789747108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Looking+inside+the+microseismic+cloud+using+seismic+interferometry&rft.au=Matzel%2C+E%3BRhode%2C+A%3BMorency%2C+C%3BTempleton%2C+D+C%3BPyle%2C+M+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Matzel&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing the SH1D assumption for geotechnical site and basin response using 3D finite difference modeling AN - 1784738079; 2016-035984 AB - Current state-of-practice of geotechnical site response and soil-structure analyses generally assume a vertically propagating horizontally polarized plane wave is incident on a plane-layered (one-dimensional) soil column. Ground motions representing the wavefield incident to the bedrock base of the soil column are developed from observed and sometimes scaled time-histories or synthesized by various methods. The site-specific ground motion at the surface is then computed from the response of the soil column to the bedrock incident wavefield, possibly including non-linear response of the geotechnical near-surface. This is the so-called SH1D assumption. While this approach is widely used, it ignores important complexities of the incident wavefield. Specifically, the standard approach assumes: 1) the incident wavefield is only composed of vertically propagating body waves; 2) ignores oblique incidence; and 3) neglects the three-component nature of the wavefield that includes surface waves and rotational motions. Surface waves often carry much of the seismic energy and can excite all three components of motion. Therefore, it seems most appropriate to include the most representative characterization of the incident wavefield in site-specific analyses. We are performing parametric studies with three-dimensional (3D) elastic finite difference simulations to compare the near-surface response of sedimentary basins to horizontally polarized planes (arbitrary incident) and point source (double couple) earthquakes. Simulations involve simple, parametric representations of basin geometries and layered material properties of the sedimentary basin and surrounding hard rock. We compare the frequency-dependent site response for different excitations and attempt to quantify the differences between the plane-wave and fully 3D basin response. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rodgers, A J AU - Pitarka, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S41C EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1784738079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Testing+the+SH1D+assumption+for+geotechnical+site+and+basin+response+using+3D+finite+difference+modeling&rft.au=Rodgers%2C+A+J%3BPitarka%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rodgers&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-28 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-period seismicity at the Napoleonville salt dome; implications for local seismic monitoring of underground hydrocarbon storage caverns AN - 1784736210; 2016-037969 AB - The formation of a large sinkhole at the Napoleonville salt dome, Assumption Parish, Louisiana, in August 2012 was accompanied by a rich sequence of complex seismic events, including long-period (LP) events that were recorded 11 km away at Transportable Array station 544A in White Castle, Louisiana. The LP events have relatively little energy at short periods, which make them difficult to detect using standard high-frequency power detectors, and the majority of energy that reaches the station is peaked near 0.4 Hz. The analysis of the local records reveals that the onset of the 0.4 Hz signals coincides with the S-wave arrival, and therefore it may be a shaking induced resonance in a fluid filled cavern. We created a low-frequency (0.1-0.6 Hz) power detector (short-term average/long-term average) that operated on all three components of the broadband instrument, since considerable energy was detected on the horizontal components. The detections from the power detector were then used as templates in three-channel correlation detectors thereby increasing the number of detections by a little more than a factor of two to nearly 3000. The rate of LP events is approximately one event every other day at the beginning of recording in March 2011. Around 2 May 2012 the rate changes to approximately 7 events per day and then increases to 25 events per day at the beginning of July 2012. Finally, in the days leading up to the sinkhole formation there are approximately 200 LP events per day. The analysis of these events could aid in the development of local seismic monitoring methods for underground industrial storage caverns. Prepared by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Dreger, D S AU - Ford, S R AU - Nayak, Avinash AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S13B EP - 2815 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1784736210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Long-period+seismicity+at+the+Napoleonville+salt+dome%3B+implications+for+local+seismic+monitoring+of+underground+hydrocarbon+storage+caverns&rft.au=Dreger%2C+D+S%3BFord%2C+S+R%3BNayak%2C+Avinash%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dreger&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-28 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing microseismicity at the Newberry Volcano geothermal site using PageRank AN - 1784735928; 2016-037958 AB - The Newberry Volcano, within the Deschutes National Forest in Oregon, has been designated as a candidate site for the Department of Energy's Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy (FORGE) program. This site was stimulated using high-pressure fluid injection during the fall of 2012, which generated several hundred microseismic events. Exploring the spatial and temporal development of microseismicity is key to understanding how subsurface stimulation modifies stress, fractures rock, and increases permeability. We analyze Newberry seismicity using both surface and borehole seismometers from the AltaRock and LLNL seismic networks. For our analysis we adapt PageRank, Google's initial search algorithm, to evaluate microseismicity during the 2012 stimulation. PageRank is a measure of connectivity, where higher ranking represents highly connected windows. In seismic applications connectivity is measured by the cross correlation of 2 time windows recorded on a common seismic station and channel. Aguiar and Beroza (2014) used PageRank based on cross correlation to detect low-frequency earthquakes, which are highly repetitive but difficult to detect. We expand on this application by using PageRank to define signal-correlation topology for micro-earthquakes, including the identification of signals that are connected to the largest number of other signals. We then use this information to create signal families and compare PageRank families to the spatial and temporal proximity of associated earthquakes. Studying signal PageRank will potentially allow us to efficiently group earthquakes with similar physical characteristics, such as focal mechanisms and stress drop. Our ultimate goal is to determine whether changes in the state of stress and/or changes in the generation of subsurface fracture networks can be detected using PageRank topology. This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-ABS-675613. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Aguiar, A C AU - Myers, S C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S13B EP - 2804 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1784735928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Characterizing+microseismicity+at+the+Newberry+Volcano+geothermal+site+using+PageRank&rft.au=Aguiar%2C+A+C%3BMyers%2C+S+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Aguiar&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-28 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cr(VI) occurrence and geochemistry in water from public supply wells in California AN - 1780805410; 2016-033076 AB - Hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), in 918 wells sampled throughout California between 2004 and 2012 by the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment-Priority Basin Project (GAMA-PBP) ranged from less than the study reporting limit of 1 microgram per liter (mu g/L) to 32 mu g/L. Statewide, Cr(VI) was reported in 31 percent of wells and equaled or exceeded the recently established (2014) California Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for Cr(VI) of 10 mu g/L in 4 percent of wells. Cr(VI) data collected for regulatory purposes overestimated Cr(VI) occurrence compared to spatially-distributed GAMA-PBP data. Ninety percent of chromium was present as Cr(VI), which was detected more frequently and at higher concentrations in alkaline (pH > or = 8), oxic water; and more frequently in agricultural and urban land uses compared to native land uses. Chemical, isotopic (tritium and carbon-14), and noble-gas data show high Cr(VI) in water from wells in alluvial aquifers in the southern California deserts result from long groundwater-residence times and geochemical reactions such as silicate weathering that increase pH, while oxic conditions persist. High Cr(VI) in water from wells in alluvial aquifers along the west-side of the Central Valley results from high-chromium in source rock eroded to form those aquifers, and areal recharge processes (including irrigation return) that can mobilize chromium from the unsaturated zone. Cr(VI) co-occurred with oxyanions having similar chemistry, including vanadium, selenium, and uranium. Cr(VI) was positively correlated with nitrate, consistent with increased concentrations in areas of agricultural land use and mobilization of chromium from the unsaturated zone by irrigation return. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Izbicki, John A AU - Wright, Michael T AU - Seymour, Whitney A AU - McCleskey, R Blaine AU - Fram, Miranda S AU - Belitz, Kenneth AU - Esser, Bradley K Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 203 EP - 217 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 63 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - isotopes KW - water management KW - unsaturated zone KW - hydrogeology KW - drinking water KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - environmental management KW - California KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - Eh KW - chromium KW - bedrock KW - water supply KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - Central Valley KW - recharge KW - metals KW - residence time KW - alluvium KW - mobilization KW - water wells KW - water resources KW - land use KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780805410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Cr%28VI%29+occurrence+and+geochemistry+in+water+from+public+supply+wells+in+California&rft.au=Izbicki%2C+John+A%3BWright%2C+Michael+T%3BSeymour%2C+Whitney+A%3BMcCleskey%2C+R+Blaine%3BFram%2C+Miranda+S%3BBelitz%2C+Kenneth%3BEsser%2C+Bradley+K&rft.aulast=Izbicki&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2015.08.007 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 79 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; alluvium; aquifers; bedrock; California; Central Valley; chromium; clastic sediments; drinking water; Eh; environmental management; ground water; hydrogeology; isotopes; land use; metals; mobilization; pH; pollutants; pollution; recharge; reservoir rocks; residence time; sediments; statistical analysis; tracers; United States; unsaturated zone; water management; water pollution; water quality; water resources; water supply; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.08.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The relationship between interannual and long-term cloud feedbacks AN - 1776666040; PQ0002797312 AB - Analyses of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 simulations suggest that climate models with more positive cloud feedback in response to interannual climate fluctuations also have more positive cloud feedback in response to long-term global warming. Ensemble mean vertical profiles of cloud change in response to interannual and long-term surface warming are similar, and the ensemble mean cloud feedback is positive on both timescales. However, the average long-term cloud feedback is smaller than the interannual cloud feedback, likely due to differences in surface warming pattern on the two timescales. Low cloud cover (LCC) change in response to interannual and long-term global surface warming is found to be well correlated across models and explains over half of the covariance between interannual and long-term cloud feedback. The intermodel correlation of LCC across timescales likely results from model-specific sensitivities of LCC to sea surface warming. Key Points * Interannual and long-term cloud feedbacks are well correlated across models * Low cloud cover feedback is most responsible for this correlation * Low cloud cover sensitivity to thermodynamics partially explains the correlation JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Zhou, Chen AU - Zelinka, Mark D AU - Dessler, Andrew E AU - Klein, Stephen A AD - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA. Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 10 EP - 10,469 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 42 IS - 23 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Sea surface KW - Climate change KW - Correlations KW - Low clouds KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Modelling KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Sensitivity KW - Climate models KW - Thermodynamics KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Cloud Cover KW - Brackish KW - Simulation KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Cloud cover KW - Global Warming KW - Sea surface warming KW - Vertical profiles KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Global warming KW - Fluctuations KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776666040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=The+relationship+between+interannual+and+long-term+cloud+feedbacks&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Chen%3BZelinka%2C+Mark+D%3BDessler%2C+Andrew+E%3BKlein%2C+Stephen+A&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Chen&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL066698 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Sea surface; Thermodynamics; Climate change; Ocean-atmosphere system; Greenhouse effect; Cloud cover; Vertical profiles; Modelling; Clouds; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Correlations; Global warming; Low clouds; Sea surface warming; Sensitivity; Climate; Simulation; Simulation Analysis; Climates; Cloud Cover; Fluctuations; Global Warming; Marine; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL066698 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protective spin-labeled fluorenes maintain amyloid beta peptide in small oligomers and limit transitions in secondary structure. AN - 1730023632; 26374940 AB - Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the presence of extracellular plaques comprised of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides. Soluble oligomers of the Aβ peptide underlie a cascade of neuronal loss and dysfunction associated with Alzheimer's disease. Single particle analyses of Aβ oligomers in solution by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) were used to provide real-time descriptions of how spin-labeled fluorenes (SLFs; bi-functional small molecules that block the toxicity of Aβ) prevent and disrupt oligomeric assemblies of Aβ in solution. Furthermore, the circular dichroism (CD) spectrum of untreated Aβ shows a continuous, progressive change over a 24-hour period, while the spectrum of Aβ treated with SLF remains relatively constant following initial incubation. These findings suggest the conformation of Aβ within the oligomer provides a complementary determinant of Aβ toxicity in addition to oligomer growth and size. Although SLF does not produce a dominant state of secondary structure in Aβ, it does induce a net reduction in beta secondary content compared to untreated samples of Aβ. The FCS results, combined with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and CD spectroscopy, demonstrate SLFs can inhibit the growth of Aβ oligomers and disrupt existing oligomers, while retaining Aβ as a population of smaller, yet largely disordered oligomers. JF - Biochimica et biophysica acta AU - Altman, Robin AU - Ly, Sonny AU - Hilt, Silvia AU - Petrlova, Jitka AU - Maezawa, Izumi AU - Kálai, Tamás AU - Hideg, Kálmán AU - Jin, Lee-Way AU - Laurence, Ted A AU - Voss, John C AD - Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis CA 95616, USA. ; Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA 94550, USA. ; M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento CA 95817, USA. ; Institute of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Szigeti st. 12. Pécs, Hungary. ; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis CA 95616, USA. Electronic address: jcvoss@ucdavis.edu. Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 1860 EP - 1870 VL - 1854 IS - 12 SN - 0006-3002, 0006-3002 KW - Amyloid beta-Peptides KW - 0 KW - Fluorenes KW - Spin Labels KW - Index Medicus KW - Circular dichroism spectroscopy KW - Amyloid beta KW - Spin-labeled fluorene KW - Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy KW - Secondary structure KW - Oligomer KW - Protein Structure, Secondary KW - Humans KW - Circular Dichroism KW - Cell Line KW - Amyloid beta-Peptides -- chemistry KW - Fluorenes -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1730023632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochimica+et+biophysica+acta&rft.atitle=Protective+spin-labeled+fluorenes+maintain+amyloid+beta+peptide+in+small+oligomers+and+limit+transitions+in+secondary+structure.&rft.au=Altman%2C+Robin%3BLy%2C+Sonny%3BHilt%2C+Silvia%3BPetrlova%2C+Jitka%3BMaezawa%2C+Izumi%3BK%C3%A1lai%2C+Tam%C3%A1s%3BHideg%2C+K%C3%A1lm%C3%A1n%3BJin%2C+Lee-Way%3BLaurence%2C+Ted+A%3BVoss%2C+John+C&rft.aulast=Altman&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=1854&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1860&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochimica+et+biophysica+acta&rft.issn=00063002&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bbapap.2015.09.002 LA - 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Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2015.09.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Holocene paleoclimate potential of Fallen Leaf Lake sediment cores, Tahoe Basin, California, USA AN - 1832596354; 771784-47 JF - Quaternary International AU - Noble, Paula J AU - Ball, G Ian AU - Smith, Shane B AU - Zimmerman, Susan H AU - Starratt, Scott W AU - St-Jacques, Jeannine-Marie Y1 - 2015/11/11/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Nov 11 SP - 141 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 387 SN - 1040-6182, 1040-6182 KW - stratigraphy KW - Plantae KW - Quaternary KW - isotopes KW - Tahoe Basin KW - lead KW - algae KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - diatoms KW - turbidite KW - metals KW - carbon KW - Pleistocene KW - C-14 KW - geochemistry KW - microfossils KW - Pb-210 KW - Fallen Leaf Lake KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832596354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+International&rft.atitle=Holocene+paleoclimate+potential+of+Fallen+Leaf+Lake+sediment+cores%2C+Tahoe+Basin%2C+California%2C+USA&rft.au=Noble%2C+Paula+J%3BBall%2C+G+Ian%3BSmith%2C+Shane+B%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan+H%3BStarratt%2C+Scott+W%3BSt-Jacques%2C+Jeannine-Marie&rft.aulast=Noble&rft.aufirst=Paula&rft.date=2015-11-11&rft.volume=387&rft.issue=&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quaternary+International&rft.issn=10406182&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.quaint.2015.01.158 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10406182 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Pacific climate workshop, 26th meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. 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Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; C-14; carbon; Cenozoic; cores; diatoms; Fallen Leaf Lake; geochemistry; Holocene; isotopes; lead; metals; microfossils; paleoclimatology; Pb-210; Plantae; Pleistocene; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; stratigraphy; Tahoe Basin; turbidite; upper Pleistocene DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.01.158 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cosmogenic (super 10) be depth-profile chronology of late Pleistocene alluvial fan deposits, Baja California, Mexico AN - 1832595956; 771784-17 JF - Quaternary International AU - Antinao, Jose Luis AU - Mcdonald, Eric AU - Gosse, John C AU - Zimmermann, Susan AU - Starratt, Scott W AU - St-Jacques, Jeannine-Marie Y1 - 2015/11/11/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Nov 11 SP - 132 EP - 133 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 387 SN - 1040-6182, 1040-6182 KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Quaternary KW - clastic sediments KW - cosmogenic elements KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - Mexico KW - chronology KW - metals KW - sediments KW - Pleistocene KW - alluvium KW - Baja California Mexico KW - beryllium KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832595956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+International&rft.atitle=Cosmogenic+%28super+10%29+be+depth-profile+chronology+of+late+Pleistocene+alluvial+fan+deposits%2C+Baja+California%2C+Mexico&rft.au=Antinao%2C+Jose+Luis%3BMcdonald%2C+Eric%3BGosse%2C+John+C%3BZimmermann%2C+Susan%3BStarratt%2C+Scott+W%3BSt-Jacques%2C+Jeannine-Marie&rft.aulast=Antinao&rft.aufirst=Jose&rft.date=2015-11-11&rft.volume=387&rft.issue=&rft.spage=132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quaternary+International&rft.issn=10406182&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.quaint.2015.01.128 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10406182 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Pacific climate workshop, 26th meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; alluvium; Baja California Mexico; beryllium; Cenozoic; chronology; clastic sediments; cosmogenic elements; metals; Mexico; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sediments; upper Pleistocene DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.01.128 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A record of late Holocene paleomegafloods from Little Packer Lake and Razor Slough, Sacramento Valley oxbow lakes AN - 1832595129; 771784-68 JF - Quaternary International AU - Sullivan, Donald G AU - Byrne, Roger AU - Cowart, Alicia AU - Zimmerman, Susan AU - Starratt, Scott W AU - St-Jacques, Jeannine-Marie Y1 - 2015/11/11/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Nov 11 SP - 147 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 387 SN - 1040-6182, 1040-6182 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - Sacramento Valley KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - magnetic properties KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dates KW - sedimentation rates KW - Razor Slough KW - carbon KW - paleofloods KW - geochemistry KW - stratigraphy KW - Quaternary KW - X-ray fluorescence KW - Little Packer Lake KW - Glenn County California KW - grain size KW - sedimentation KW - oxbow lakes KW - magnetic susceptibility KW - fluvial features KW - C-14 KW - upper Holocene KW - lake sediments KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832595129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+International&rft.atitle=A+record+of+late+Holocene+paleomegafloods+from+Little+Packer+Lake+and+Razor+Slough%2C+Sacramento+Valley+oxbow+lakes&rft.au=Sullivan%2C+Donald+G%3BByrne%2C+Roger%3BCowart%2C+Alicia%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan%3BStarratt%2C+Scott+W%3BSt-Jacques%2C+Jeannine-Marie&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2015-11-11&rft.volume=387&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quaternary+International&rft.issn=10406182&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.quaint.2015.01.179 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10406182 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Pacific climate workshop, 26th meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-14; California; carbon; Cenozoic; cores; dates; fluvial features; geochemistry; Glenn County California; grain size; Holocene; isotopes; lake sediments; Little Packer Lake; magnetic properties; magnetic susceptibility; oxbow lakes; paleofloods; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; Razor Slough; Sacramento Valley; sedimentation; sedimentation rates; stratigraphy; United States; upper Holocene; X-ray fluorescence DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.01.179 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Holocene history of Mono Lake, California, USA, from multiple sediment cores AN - 1832594878; 771784-79 JF - Quaternary International AU - Zimmerman, Susan R AU - Starratt, Scott W AU - Hemming, Sidney R AU - St-Jacques, Jeannine-Marie Y1 - 2015/11/11/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Nov 11 SP - 150 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 387 SN - 1040-6182, 1040-6182 KW - United States KW - lake-level changes KW - Quaternary KW - Mono County California KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - tephrostratigraphy KW - Mono Lake KW - sedimentology KW - geochemistry KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832594878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+International&rft.atitle=Holocene+history+of+Mono+Lake%2C+California%2C+USA%2C+from+multiple+sediment+cores&rft.au=Zimmerman%2C+Susan+R%3BStarratt%2C+Scott+W%3BHemming%2C+Sidney+R%3BSt-Jacques%2C+Jeannine-Marie&rft.aulast=Zimmerman&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2015-11-11&rft.volume=387&rft.issue=&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quaternary+International&rft.issn=10406182&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.quaint.2015.01.190 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10406182 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Pacific climate workshop, 26th meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; Cenozoic; cores; geochemistry; Holocene; lake-level changes; Mono County California; Mono Lake; Quaternary; sedimentology; tephrostratigraphy; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.01.190 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A 1500 year record of hydrologic variability in the northwestern Great Basin from sediments in Big Soda Lake, Churchill County, Nevada AN - 1832594596; 771784-55 JF - Quaternary International AU - Reidy, Liam AU - Byrne, Roger AU - Ingram, Lynn AU - Rosen, Michael AU - Zimmerman, Susan AU - Reheis, Marith AU - Starratt, Scott W AU - St-Jacques, Jeannine-Marie Y1 - 2015/11/11/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Nov 11 SP - 143 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 387 SN - 1040-6182, 1040-6182 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Churchill County Nevada KW - North America KW - lake-level changes KW - Big Soda Lake KW - Quaternary KW - oxygen KW - Basin and Range Province KW - X-ray fluorescence KW - isotopes KW - Great Basin KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - stable isotopes KW - Cenozoic KW - chronology KW - Neoglacial KW - O-18 KW - upper Holocene KW - Nevada KW - Medieval Warm Period KW - lake sediments KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832594596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+International&rft.atitle=A+1500+year+record+of+hydrologic+variability+in+the+northwestern+Great+Basin+from+sediments+in+Big+Soda+Lake%2C+Churchill+County%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Reidy%2C+Liam%3BByrne%2C+Roger%3BIngram%2C+Lynn%3BRosen%2C+Michael%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan%3BReheis%2C+Marith%3BStarratt%2C+Scott+W%3BSt-Jacques%2C+Jeannine-Marie&rft.aulast=Reidy&rft.aufirst=Liam&rft.date=2015-11-11&rft.volume=387&rft.issue=&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quaternary+International&rft.issn=10406182&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.quaint.2015.01.166 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10406182 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Pacific climate workshop, 26th meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Basin and Range Province; Big Soda Lake; Cenozoic; chronology; Churchill County Nevada; Great Basin; Holocene; hydrology; isotopes; lake sediments; lake-level changes; Medieval Warm Period; Neoglacial; Nevada; North America; O-18; oxygen; paleoclimatology; Quaternary; stable isotopes; United States; upper Holocene; X-ray fluorescence DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.01.166 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validation of Attenuation Models for Ground Motion Applications in Central and Eastern North America AN - 1811892388; PQ0003526267 AB - Recently developed attenuation models are incorporated into standard one-dimensional (1-D) ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs), effectively making them two-dimensional (2-D) and eliminating the need to create different GMPEs for an increasing number of sub-regions. The model is tested against a data set of over 10,000 recordings from 81 earthquakes in North America. The use of attenuation models in GMPEs improves our ability to fit observed ground motions and should be incorporated into future national hazard maps. The improvement is most significant at higher frequencies and longer distances which have a greater number of wave cycles. This has implications for the rare high-magnitude earthquakes, which produce potentially damaging ground motions over wide areas, and drive the seismic hazards. Because the attenuation models can be created using weak ground motions, they could be developed for regions of low seismicity where empirical recordings of ground motions are uncommon and do not span the full range of magnitudes and distances. JF - Earthquake Spectra AU - Pasyanos, Michael AD - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., L-046, Livermore, CA 94550 Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 2281 EP - 2300 PB - Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, 499 14th Street Oakland, CA 94612-1934 United States VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 8755-2930, 8755-2930 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Earthquakes KW - North America KW - Ground motion KW - Seismic activity KW - Waves KW - Recording KW - Seismicity KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811892388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earthquake+Spectra&rft.atitle=Validation+of+Attenuation+Models+for+Ground+Motion+Applications+in+Central+and+Eastern+North+America&rft.au=Pasyanos%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Pasyanos&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earthquake+Spectra&rft.issn=87552930&rft_id=info:doi/10.1193%2F052714EQS074M LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Earthquakes; Seismicity; Prediction; Ground motion; Seismic activity; Waves; Recording; North America DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/052714EQS074M ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for long-lived subduction of an ancient tectonic plate beneath the southern Indian Ocean AN - 1808377146; PQ0002797137 AB - Ancient subducted tectonic plates have been observed in past seismic images of the mantle beneath North America and Eurasia, and it is likely that other ancient slab structures have remained largely hidden, particularly in the seismic-data-limited regions beneath the vast oceans in the Southern Hemisphere. Here we present a new global tomographic image, which shows a slab-like structure beneath the southern Indian Ocean with coherency from the upper mantle to the core-mantle boundary region-a feature that has never been identified. We postulate that the structure is an ancient tectonic plate that sank into the mantle along an extensive intraoceanic subduction zone that migrated southwestward across the ancient Tethys Ocean in the Mesozoic Era. Slab material still trapped in the transition zone is positioned near the edge of East Gondwana at 140Ma suggesting that subduction terminated near the margin of the ancient continent prior to breakup and subsequent dispersal of its subcontinents. Key Points * Seismic tomography of the mantle has uncovered a subducted slab beneath the southern Indian Ocean * The subduction event is significant to past plate tectonic history * Subducted slabs can subsist in the shallow mantle much longer than previously realized JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Simmons, NA AU - Myers, S C AU - Johannesson, G AU - Matzel, E AU - Grand, S P AD - Geophysical Monitoring Programs, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA. Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 9270 EP - 9278 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 42 IS - 21 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Plate tectonics KW - Biological surveys KW - Upper mantle KW - ISW, Indian Ocean KW - North America KW - Slabs KW - Subduction KW - Transition Zone KW - PNE, Eurasia KW - Mesozoic KW - Subduction zones KW - Oceans KW - Boundaries KW - Tectonics KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808377146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+long-lived+subduction+of+an+ancient+tectonic+plate+beneath+the+southern+Indian+Ocean&rft.au=Simmons%2C+NA%3BMyers%2C+S+C%3BJohannesson%2C+G%3BMatzel%2C+E%3BGrand%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=NA&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=9270&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL066237 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Upper mantle; Biological surveys; Plate tectonics; Subduction zones; Subduction; Mesozoic; Tectonics; Slabs; Oceans; Boundaries; Transition Zone; North America; ISW, Indian Ocean; PNE, Eurasia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL066237 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time Evolving Fission Chain Theory and Fast Neutron and Gamma-Ray Counting Distributions AN - 1793252019; PQ0002657728 AB - We solve a simple theoretical model of time evolving fission chains due to Feynman that generalizes and asymptotically approaches the point model theory. The point model theory has been used to analyze thermal neutron counting data. This extension of the theory underlies fast counting data for both neutrons and gamma rays from metal systems. Fast neutron and gamma-ray counting is now possible using liquid scintillator arrays with nanosecond time resolution. For individual fission chains, the differential equations describing three correlated probability distributions are solved: the time-dependent internal neutron population, accumulation of fissions in time, and accumulation of leaked neutrons in time. Explicit analytic formulas are given for correlated moments of the time evolving chain populations. The equations for random time gate fast neutron and gamma-ray counting distributions, due to randomly initiated chains, are presented. Correlated moment equations are given for both random time gate and triggered time gate counting. Explicit formulas for all correlated moments are given up to triple order, for all combinations of correlated fast neutrons and gamma rays. The nonlinear differential equations for probabilities for time-dependent fission chain populations have a remarkably simple Monte Carlo realization. A Monte Carlo code was developed for this theory and is shown to statistically realize the solutions to the fission chain theory probability distributions. Combined with random initiation of chains and detection of external quanta, the Monte Carlo code generates time tagged data for neutron and gamma-ray counting and from these data the counting distributions. JF - Nuclear Science and Engineering AU - Kim, K S AU - Nakae, L F AU - Prasad, M K AU - Snyderman, N J AU - Verbeke, J M AD - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550 kim27@llnl.gov Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 225 EP - 271 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc., 555 N. Kensington Ave. La Grange Park IL 60525 United States VL - 181 IS - 3 SN - 0029-5639, 0029-5639 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Chains KW - Mathematical models KW - Fast neutrons KW - Gamma rays KW - Correlation KW - Counting KW - Molecular conformation KW - Fission UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793252019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Science+and+Engineering&rft.atitle=Time+Evolving+Fission+Chain+Theory+and+Fast+Neutron+and+Gamma-Ray+Counting+Distributions&rft.au=Kim%2C+K+S%3BNakae%2C+L+F%3BPrasad%2C+M+K%3BSnyderman%2C+N+J%3BVerbeke%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Science+and+Engineering&rft.issn=00295639&rft_id=info:doi/10.13182%2FNSE14-120 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/NSE14-120 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale 3D geoelectromagnetic modeling using parallel adaptive high-order finite element method AN - 1739081860; 2015-115120 AB - We have investigated the use of the adaptive high-order finite-element method (FEM) for geoelectromagnetic modeling. Because high-order FEM is challenging from the numerical and computational points of view, most published finite-element studies in geoelectromagnetics use the lowest order formulation. Solution of the resulting large system of linear equations poses the main practical challenge. We have developed a fully parallel and distributed robust and scalable linear solver based on the optimal block-diagonal and auxiliary space preconditioners. The solver was found to be efficient for high finite element orders, unstructured and nonconforming locally refined meshes, a wide range of frequencies, large conductivity contrasts, and number of degrees of freedom (DoFs). Furthermore, the presented linear solver is in essence algebraic; i.e., it acts on the matrix-vector level and thus requires no information about the discretization, boundary conditions, or physical source used, making it readily efficient for a wide range of electromagnetic modeling problems. To get accurate solutions at reduced computational cost, we have also implemented goal-oriented adaptive mesh refinement. The numerical tests indicated that if highly accurate modeling results were required, the high-order FEM in combination with the goal-oriented local mesh refinement required less computational time and DoFs than the lowest order adaptive FEM. JF - Geophysics AU - Grayver, Alexander V AU - Kolev, Tzanio V Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - E277 EP - E291 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 80 IS - 6 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - numerical models KW - genetic algorithms KW - three-dimensional models KW - numerical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - equations KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - finite element analysis KW - computers KW - mathematical methods KW - electromagnetic methods KW - algorithms KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739081860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Large-scale+3D+geoelectromagnetic+modeling+using+parallel+adaptive+high-order+finite+element+method&rft.au=Grayver%2C+Alexander+V%3BKolev%2C+Tzanio+V&rft.aulast=Grayver&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=E277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2015-0013.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; computers; data processing; electromagnetic methods; equations; finite element analysis; genetic algorithms; geophysical methods; magnetotelluric methods; mathematical methods; numerical analysis; numerical models; three-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2015-0013.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the impact of temperatures up to 200 degrees C in clay repositories with bentonite engineer barrier systems; a study with coupled thermal, hydrological, chemical, and mechanical modeling AN - 1789753197; 2016-044044 AB - One of the most important design variables for a geological nuclear waste repository is the temperature limit up to which the engineered barrier system (EBS) and the natural geologic environment can be exposed. Up to now, almost all design concepts that involve bentonite-backfilled emplacement tunnels have chosen a maximum allowable temperature of about 100 degrees C. Such a choice is largely based on the consideration that in clay-based materials illitization and the associated mechanical changes in the bentonite (and perhaps the clay host rock) could affect the barrier attributes of the EBS. However, existing experimental and modeling studies on the occurrence of illitization and related performance impacts are not conclusive, in part because the relevant couplings between the thermal, hydrological, chemical, and mechanical (THMC) processes have not been fully represented in the models. This paper presents a fully coupled THMC simulation of a nuclear waste repository in a clay formation with a bentonite-backfilled EBS for 1000 years. Two scenarios were simulated for comparison: a case in which the temperature in the bentonite near the waste canister can reach about 200 degrees C and a case in which the temperature in the bentonite near the waste canister peaks at about 100 degrees C. The model simulations demonstrate some degree of illitization in both the bentonite buffer and the surrounding clay formation. Other chemical alterations include the dissolution of K-feldspar and calcite, and precipitation of quartz, chlorite, and kaolinite. In general, illitization in the bentonite and the clay formation is enhanced at higher temperature. However, the quantity of illitization is affected by many chemical factors and therefore varies a great deal. The most important chemical factors are the concentration of K in the pore water as well as the abundance and dissolution rate of K-feldspar; less important ones are the concentration of sodium and the quartz precipitation rate. In our modeling scenarios, the calculated decrease in smectite volume fraction in bentonite ranges from 1 to 8% of the initial volume fraction of smectite in the 100 degrees C scenario and 1-27% in the 200 degrees C scenario. Chemical changes in the 200 degrees C scenario could also lead to a reduction in swelling stress up to 15-18% whereas those in the 100 degrees C scenario result in about 14-15% reduction in swelling stress for the base case scenario. Model results also show that the 200 degrees C scenario results in a much higher total stress than the 100 degrees C scenario, mostly due to thermal pressurization. While cautions should be taken regarding the model results due to some limitations in the models, the modeling work is illustrative in light of the relative importance of different processes occurring in EBS bentonite and clay formation at higher than 100 degrees C conditions, and could be of greater use when site specific data are available. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Engineering Geology AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Liu, Hui-Hai Y1 - 2015/10/30/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Oct 30 SP - 278 EP - 295 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 197 SN - 0013-7952, 0013-7952 KW - hydrology KW - clay KW - soil mechanics KW - expansion KW - bentonite KW - engineering properties KW - clastic sediments KW - coupling KW - mechanical properties KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - sedimentary rocks KW - sediments KW - waste disposal KW - thermal effects KW - geochemistry KW - clastic rocks KW - high temperature KW - disposal barriers KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789753197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Engineering+Geology&rft.atitle=On+the+impact+of+temperatures+up+to+200+degrees+C+in+clay+repositories+with+bentonite+engineer+barrier+systems%3B+a+study+with+coupled+thermal%2C+hydrological%2C+chemical%2C+and+mechanical+modeling&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Liange%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Liange&rft.date=2015-10-30&rft.volume=197&rft.issue=&rft.spage=278&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Engineering+Geology&rft.issn=00137952&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enggeo.2015.08.026 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00137952 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - EGGOAO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bentonite; clastic rocks; clastic sediments; clay; coupling; disposal barriers; engineering properties; expansion; geochemistry; high temperature; hydrology; mechanical properties; sedimentary rocks; sediments; simulation; soil mechanics; temperature; thermal effects; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.08.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accuracy and convergence properties of the fixed-stress iterative solution of two-way coupled poromechanics AN - 1756504193; 2016-007334 AB - This paper deals with the numerical solution of Biot's equations of coupled consolidation obtained by a mixed formulation combining continuous Galerkin finite-element and multipoint flux approximation finite-volume methods. The solution algorithm relies on the recently developed fixed-stress solution scheme, in which first the flow problem and then the mechanical one are addressed iteratively. We show that the algorithm can be interpreted as a particular block triangular preconditioning strategy applied within a Richardson iteration. The key component to the success of the preconditioner is the sparse approximation to the Schur complement based on a pressure space mass matrix scaled by a weighting factor that depends element-wise on the inverse of a suitable bulk modulus. The accuracy of the method is assessed, making use of well-known analytical solutions from the literature. Numerical results demonstrate robustness and low computational cost of the fixed-stress scheme in accurately capturing the two-way coupling between deformation and pressure. Copyright Copyright 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics AU - Castelletto, N AU - White, J A AU - Tchelepi, H A Y1 - 2015/10/10/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Oct 10 SP - 1593 EP - 1618 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 39 IS - 14 SN - 0363-9061, 0363-9061 KW - soil mechanics KW - Galerkin method KW - Poisson's ratio KW - numerical models KW - stress KW - stiffness KW - fluid flow KW - porous materials KW - mechanical properties KW - elastic constants KW - bulk modulus KW - finite element analysis KW - heterogeneous materials KW - Biot theory KW - isotropy KW - half-space KW - consolidation KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756504193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+for+Numerical+and+Analytical+Methods+in+Geomechanics&rft.atitle=Accuracy+and+convergence+properties+of+the+fixed-stress+iterative+solution+of+two-way+coupled+poromechanics&rft.au=Castelletto%2C+N%3BWhite%2C+J+A%3BTchelepi%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Castelletto&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2015-10-10&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+for+Numerical+and+Analytical+Methods+in+Geomechanics&rft.issn=03639061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fnag.2400 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/3312/home LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biot theory; bulk modulus; consolidation; elastic constants; finite element analysis; fluid flow; Galerkin method; half-space; heterogeneous materials; isotropy; mechanical properties; numerical models; Poisson's ratio; porous materials; soil mechanics; stiffness; stress DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.2400 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-Period Ground Motion in the Arabian Gulf from Earthquakes in the Zagros Mountains Thrust Belt AN - 1808382157; PQ0002145883 AB - The Arabian Gulf is adjacent to the Zagros Mountains, one of the most seismically active regions in the world. We observe that broadband seismic records of Zagros earthquakes recorded on the Arabian side of the Gulf display long-duration surface waves. While shorter periods (10 km) of the Gulf basin, the long-period energy is enhanced and transmitted efficiently. Consequently, large earthquakes in the Zagros could result in amplified ground motions at long periods (2-10 s) relative to average behavior. Such ground motions are of concern for large engineered structures, such as tall buildings and long bridges with resonant periods in the same period range. Here we present results of investigations of the characteristics of ground motions recorded on the western shore of the Gulf from selected earthquakes in the Zagros Mountains region. Exceptionally, long-duration seismic waves, as compared with standard models, are shown to occur with periods of 2-10 s. This may be due to waveguide effects in the deep sedimentary basin structure of the Arabian Platform. In addition to analyzing recorded ground motion we performed 3D wave propagation simulations using a finite difference method and experimental velocity models of the Gulf, with different shallow sedimentary layers structures. The simulation results confirm our hypothesis that long-period waves with extremely long duration and relatively large amplitudes are caused by the geometry of the basin sedimentary layers and, to some extent, by shallow earthquake depths. Combined effects of basin edge geometry with sharp velocity contrasts and shallow sources (<10 km) on the eastern side of the Arabian Gulf can cause large long-period ground motion on the western side of the Gulf. In contrast, the short-period content of ground motion (<2 s) at long distances is relatively weak. This is mainly due to wave propagation scattering and attenuation in the shallow sedimentary layers of the Gulf basin. JF - Pure and Applied Geophysics AU - Pitarka, Arben AU - Al-Amri, Abdullah AU - Pasyanos, Michael E AU - Rodgers, Arthur J AU - Mellors, Robert J AD - Atmospheric, Earth and Energy Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-046, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA, 94551, USA, pitarka1@llnl.gov Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 2517 EP - 2532 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 172 IS - 10 SN - 0033-4553, 0033-4553 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Sedimentary Basins KW - Earthquakes KW - Ground motion KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Basins KW - Velocity KW - Seismograms KW - Gulfs KW - Wave propagation KW - Sedimentary basins KW - Sediments KW - Mountains KW - Wave Propagation KW - Waves KW - Finite difference method KW - Modelling KW - Wave effects KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808382157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pure+and+Applied+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Long-Period+Ground+Motion+in+the+Arabian+Gulf+from+Earthquakes+in+the+Zagros+Mountains+Thrust+Belt&rft.au=Pitarka%2C+Arben%3BAl-Amri%2C+Abdullah%3BPasyanos%2C+Michael+E%3BRodgers%2C+Arthur+J%3BMellors%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Pitarka&rft.aufirst=Arben&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=172&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pure+and+Applied+Geophysics&rft.issn=00334553&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00024-014-0858-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Earthquakes; Ground motion; Seismograms; Finite difference method; Sedimentary basins; Wave propagation; Sediments; Wave effects; Modelling; Sedimentary Basins; Wave Propagation; Mountains; Simulation Analysis; Velocity; Basins; Waves; Gulfs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-014-0858-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transposon Mutagenesis Paired with Deep Sequencing of Caulobacter crescentus under Uranium Stress Reveals Genes Essential for Detoxification and Stress Tolerance. AN - 1709397024; 26195598 AB - UNLABELLEDThe ubiquitous aquatic bacterium Caulobacter crescentus is highly resistant to uranium (U) and facilitates U biomineralization and thus holds promise as an agent of U bioremediation. To gain an understanding of how C. crescentus tolerates U, we employed transposon (Tn) mutagenesis paired with deep sequencing (Tn-seq) in a global screen for genomic elements required for U resistance. Of the 3,879 annotated genes in the C. crescentus genome, 37 were found to be specifically associated with fitness under U stress, 15 of which were subsequently tested through mutational analysis. Systematic deletion analysis revealed that mutants lacking outer membrane transporters (rsaFa and rsaFb), a stress-responsive transcription factor (cztR), or a ppGpp synthetase/hydrolase (spoT) exhibited a significantly lower survival rate under U stress. RsaFa and RsaFb, which are homologues of TolC in Escherichia coli, have previously been shown to mediate S-layer export. Transcriptional analysis revealed upregulation of rsaFa and rsaFb by 4- and 10-fold, respectively, in the presence of U. We additionally show that rsaFa mutants accumulated higher levels of U than the wild type, with no significant increase in oxidative stress levels. Our results suggest a function for RsaFa and RsaFb in U efflux and/or maintenance of membrane integrity during U stress. In addition, we present data implicating CztR and SpoT in resistance to U stress. Together, our findings reveal novel gene targets that are key to understanding the molecular mechanisms of U resistance in C. crescentus.IMPORTANCECaulobacter crescentus is an aerobic bacterium that is highly resistant to uranium (U) and has great potential to be used in U bioremediation, but its mechanisms of U resistance are poorly understood. We conducted a Tn-seq screen to identify genes specifically required for U resistance in C. crescentus. The genes that we identified have previously remained elusive using other omics approaches and thus provide significant insight into the mechanisms of U resistance by C. crescentus. In particular, we show that outer membrane transporters RsaFa and RsaFb, previously known as part of the S-layer export machinery, may confer U resistance by U efflux and/or by maintaining membrane integrity during U stress. JF - Journal of bacteriology AU - Yung, Mimi C AU - Park, Dan M AU - Overton, K Wesley AU - Blow, Matthew J AU - Hoover, Cindi A AU - Smit, John AU - Murray, Sean R AU - Ricci, Dante P AU - Christen, Beat AU - Bowman, Grant R AU - Jiao, Yongqin AD - Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA. ; DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, USA. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. ; Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California, USA. ; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA. ; Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland. ; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA. ; Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA jiao1@llnl.gov. Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 3160 EP - 3172 VL - 197 IS - 19 KW - Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins KW - 0 KW - DNA Transposable Elements KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Index Medicus KW - Genome, Bacterial KW - DNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial -- physiology KW - Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins -- metabolism KW - Transcriptome KW - Mutagenesis KW - Caulobacter crescentus -- genetics KW - Stress, Physiological -- drug effects KW - Caulobacter crescentus -- metabolism KW - DNA Transposable Elements -- genetics KW - Uranium -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709397024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.atitle=Transposon+Mutagenesis+Paired+with+Deep+Sequencing+of+Caulobacter+crescentus+under+Uranium+Stress+Reveals+Genes+Essential+for+Detoxification+and+Stress+Tolerance.&rft.au=Yung%2C+Mimi+C%3BPark%2C+Dan+M%3BOverton%2C+K+Wesley%3BBlow%2C+Matthew+J%3BHoover%2C+Cindi+A%3BSmit%2C+John%3BMurray%2C+Sean+R%3BRicci%2C+Dante+P%3BChristen%2C+Beat%3BBowman%2C+Grant+R%3BJiao%2C+Yongqin&rft.aulast=Yung&rft.aufirst=Mimi&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=197&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=3160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.issn=1098-5530&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.00382-15 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-12-29 N1 - Date created - 2015-09-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mol Microbiol. 2011 May;80(3):695-714 [21338423] Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Jul;41(Web Server issue):W29-33 [23609542] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Sep 13;108(37):15248-52 [21896750] PLoS One. 2014;9(2):e89863 [24587082] Mol Microbiol. 2014 Feb;91(3):508-21 [24330203] J Proteome Res. 2014 Apr 4;13(4):1833-47 [24555639] Ecotoxicology. 2014 May;23(4):726-33 [24510447] Bioinformatics. 2014 Aug 1;30(15):2114-20 [24695404] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014 Aug;80(16):4795-804 [24878600] MBio. 2014;5(4). pii: e01385-14. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01385-14 [25139902] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014 Sep;80(18):5680-8 [25002429] PLoS One. 2014;9(8):e102447 [25157416] Mol Microbiol. 2014 Sep;93(6):1284-301 [25069588] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2014 Oct;58(10):6165-71 [25114134] PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Oct;8(10):e3216 [25340818] Clin Microbiol Rev. 2015 Apr;28(2):337-418 [25788514] Environ Microbiol. 2015 Jun;17(6):2064-75 [25580878] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Mar 27;98(7):4136-41 [11259647] ScientificWorldJournal. 2002 Mar 15;2:707-29 [12805996] FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2003 Jun;27(2-3):313-39 [12829273] Annu Rev Biochem. 2004;73:467-89 [15189150] Gene. 1987;57(2-3):239-46 [3319780] Methods Enzymol. 1991;204:372-84 [1658564] J Bacteriol. 1994 Oct;176(20):6404-6 [7929014] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Feb 6;93(3):1210-4 [8577742] J Bacteriol. 1998 Jun;180(12):3062-9 [9620954] Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 1999 Jun;51(6):730-50 [10422221] J Bacteriol. 2004 Dec;186(23):8000-9 [15547272] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Sep;71(9):5532-43 [16151146] FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2005 Oct 15;251(2):289-95 [16168577] PLoS Biol. 2005 Oct;3(10):e334 [16176121] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Nov;71(11):7453-60 [16269787] Mol Syst Biol. 2011;7:528 [21878915] Trends Microbiol. 2006 Jan;14(1):45-54 [16343907] PLoS Biol. 2006 Sep;4(9):e268 [16875436] BMC Microbiol. 2007;7:16 [17346345] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Dec;73(23):7615-21 [17905881] Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2008 Feb;9(1):9-15 [18289052] J Bacteriol. 2008 Oct;190(20):6867-80 [18723629] Plant Physiol Biochem. 2008 Nov;46(11):987-96 [18640846] Nat Rev Microbiol. 2008 Dec;6(12):893-903 [18997824] Bioinformatics. 2009 Jul 15;25(14):1754-60 [19451168] Nat Methods. 2009 Oct;6(10):767-72 [19767758] Microbiology. 2010 Mar;156(Pt 3):609-43 [20019082] BMC Biol. 2010;8:49 [20409324] Mol Microbiol. 2010 Aug;77(3):743-54 [20545840] FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2010 Oct;311(2):185-92 [20735480] J Bacteriol. 2010 Oct;192(20):5480-8 [20709896] Res Microbiol. 2010 Nov;161(9):765-71 [20863883] MBio. 2011;2(1):e00315-10 [21253457] J Hazard Mater. 2011 Dec 15;197:1-10 [22019055] PLoS Genet. 2011 Nov;7(11):e1002385 [22125499] J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2012;47(4):622-37 [22375546] PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e43012 [22900082] Nat Methods. 2012 Jul;9(7):671-5 [22930834] Arch Microbiol. 2012 Oct;194(10):865-77 [22588222] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Oct 9;109(41):16702-7 [23010932] Genome Res. 2012 Dec;22(12):2541-51 [22826510] PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e51783 [23251623] J Bacteriol. 2013 Mar;195(5):1042-50 [23264577] BMC Microbiol. 2013;13:79 [23578014] J Bacteriol. 2005 Dec;187(24):8437-49 [16321948] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.00382-15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of ground motion from an underground chemical explosion AN - 1718054545; 2015-094182 AB - We investigate the excitation and propagation of far-field seismic waves from the 905 kg trinitrotoluene equivalent underground chemical explosion SPE-3 recorded during the Source Physics Experiment (SPE) at the Nevada National Security Site. The recorded far-field ground motion at short and long distances is characterized by substantial shear-wave energy, and large azimuthal variations in P- and S-wave amplitudes. The shear waves observed on the transverse component of sensors at epicentral distances <50 m suggests they were generated at or very near the source. The relative amplitude of the shear waves grows as the waves propagate away from the source. We analyze and model the shear-wave excitation during the explosion in the 0.01-10 Hz frequency range, at epicentral distances of up to 1 km. We used two simulation techniques. One is based on the empirical isotropic Mueller-Murphy (MM) (Mueller and Murphy, 1971) nuclear explosion source model, and 3D anelastic wave propagation modeling. The second uses a physics-based approach that couples hydrodynamic modeling of the chemical explosion source with anelastic wave propagation modeling. Comparisons with recorded data show the MM source model overestimates the SPE-3 far-field ground motion by an average factor of 4. The observations show that shear waves with substantial high-frequency energy were generated at the source. However, to match the observations additional shear waves from scattering, including surface topography, and heterogeneous shallow structure contributed to the amplification of far-field shear motion. Comparisons between empirically based isotropic and physics-based anisotropic source models suggest that both wave-scattering effects and near-field nonlinear effects are needed to explain the amplitude and irregular radiation pattern of shear motion observed during the SPE-3 explosion. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Pitarka, Arben AU - Mellors, Robert J AU - Walter, William R AU - Ezzedine, Souheil AU - Vorobiev, Oleg AU - Antoun, Tarabay AU - Wagoner, Jeffery L AU - Matzel, Eric M AU - Ford, Sean R AU - Rodgers, Arthur J AU - Glenn, Lewis AU - Pasyanos, Mike Y1 - 2015/09/08/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Sep 08 SP - 2390 EP - 2410 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 105 IS - 5 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - underground space KW - explosions KW - chemical explosions KW - elastic waves KW - depth KW - models KW - Source Physics Experiment KW - Nevada National Security Site KW - seismicity KW - ground motion KW - seismic waves KW - earthquakes KW - S-waves KW - Nevada KW - anisotropy KW - amplitude KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718054545?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+ground+motion+from+an+underground+chemical+explosion&rft.au=Pitarka%2C+Arben%3BMellors%2C+Robert+J%3BWalter%2C+William+R%3BEzzedine%2C+Souheil%3BVorobiev%2C+Oleg%3BAntoun%2C+Tarabay%3BWagoner%2C+Jeffery+L%3BMatzel%2C+Eric+M%3BFord%2C+Sean+R%3BRodgers%2C+Arthur+J%3BGlenn%2C+Lewis%3BPasyanos%2C+Mike&rft.aulast=Pitarka&rft.aufirst=Arben&rft.date=2015-09-08&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2390&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0120150066 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-17 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; anisotropy; body waves; chemical explosions; depth; earthquakes; elastic waves; explosions; ground motion; models; Nevada; Nevada National Security Site; P-waves; S-waves; seismic waves; seismicity; Source Physics Experiment; underground space; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120150066 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selective laser sintering of MA956 oxide dispersion strengthened steel AN - 1765958128; PQ0002503648 AB - Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) steels' qualities of radiation damage resistance and high strength at high temperature make them promising nuclear structural materials. However, the dispersed yttria that gives ODS steel its beneficial qualities are generally compromised during joining processes, making fabrication difficult and expensive. The selective laser sintering process offers a potential path through this barrier by which net-shape parts can feasibly be built via additive manufacturing without fully melting the structure. Rastering a 400 W laser over a 110 mu m MA956 ODS steel powder bed, we additively built parts with varying build conditions. Although density was achieved to within 97% of the wrought MA956, ultimate tensile strengths achieved only 65% of the wrought strength. Spectroscopy analysis points to the agglomeration of the yttria nano-particles as a possible explanation for the loss in strength. Further study might benefit from exploration of other parameters such as thinner powder build layers which would require less energy input to achieve sintering while minimizing time above the melting temperature. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Hunt, Ryan M AU - Kramer, Kevin J AU - El-Dasher, Bassem AD - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA, hunt52@llnl.gov Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 80 EP - 85 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 464 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Ferritic stainless steels KW - Ferrous alloys KW - Superalloys KW - MA956 KW - Radiation KW - Energy KW - High temperature KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Lasers KW - Steel KW - Spectroscopy KW - Additives KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765958128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Selective+laser+sintering+of+MA956+oxide+dispersion+strengthened+steel&rft.au=Hunt%2C+Ryan+M%3BKramer%2C+Kevin+J%3BEl-Dasher%2C+Bassem&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=464&rft.issue=&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2015.04.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radiation; High temperature; Energy; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Lasers; Steel; Spectroscopy; Additives DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.04.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cometary impact effects at the Moon; implications for lunar swirl formation AN - 1765869482; 2016-015870 JF - Icarus AU - Syal, Megan Bruck AU - Schultz, Peter H Y1 - 2015/09/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Sep 01 SP - 194 EP - 206 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 257 SN - 0019-1035, 0019-1035 KW - lunar swirls KW - cratering KW - cometary nucleus KW - albedo KW - Moon KW - magnetic anomalies KW - impacts KW - magnetic field KW - comae KW - models KW - brightness KW - volatiles KW - photometry KW - farside KW - comets KW - transient phenomena KW - surface features KW - velocity KW - heat transfer KW - cometary dust KW - regolith KW - backscattering KW - lunar soils KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765869482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.atitle=Cometary+impact+effects+at+the+Moon%3B+implications+for+lunar+swirl+formation&rft.au=Syal%2C+Megan+Bruck%3BSchultz%2C+Peter+H&rft.aulast=Syal&rft.aufirst=Megan&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=257&rft.issue=&rft.spage=194&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Icarus&rft.issn=00191035&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2015.05.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00191035 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 125 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - ICRSA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - albedo; backscattering; brightness; comae; cometary dust; cometary nucleus; comets; cratering; farside; heat transfer; impacts; lunar soils; lunar swirls; magnetic anomalies; magnetic field; models; Moon; photometry; regolith; surface features; transient phenomena; velocity; volatiles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.05.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of fluid-rock interaction in the Reykjanes geothermal system, Iceland; evidence from Iceland Deep Drilling Project core RN-17B AN - 1729845630; 2015-107264 AB - We describe the lithology and present spatially resolved geochemical analyses of samples from the hydrothermally altered Iceland Deep Drilling Project (IDDP) drill core RN-17B. The 9.3 m long RN-17B core was collected from the seawater-dominated Reykjanes geothermal system, located on the Reykjanes Peninsula, Iceland. The nature of fluids and the location of the Reykjanes geothermal system make it a useful analog for seafloor hydrothermal processes, although there are important differences. The recovery of drill core from the Reykjanes geothermal system, as opposed to drill cuttings, has provided the opportunity to investigate evolving geothermal conditions by utilizing in-situ geochemical techniques in the context of observed paragenetic and spatial relationships of alteration minerals. The RN-17B core was returned from a vertical depth of approximately 2560 m and an in-situ temperature of approximately 345 degrees C. The primary lithologies are basaltic in composition and include hyaloclastite breccia, fine-grained volcanic sandstone, lithic breccia, and crystalline basalt. Primary igneous phases have been entirely pseudomorphed by calcic plagioclase + magnesium hornblende + chlorite + titanite + albitized plagioclase + vein epidote and sulfides. Despite the extensive hydrothermal metasomatism, original textures including hyaloclastite glass shards, lithic clasts, chilled margins, and shell-fragment molds are superbly preserved. Multi-collector LA-ICP-MS strontium isotope ratio ( (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr) measurements of vein epidote from the core are consistent with seawater as the dominant recharge fluid. Epidote-hosted fluid inclusion homogenization temperature and freezing point depression measurements suggest that the RN-17B core records cooling through the two-phase boundary for seawater over time to current in-situ measured temperatures. Electron microprobe analyses of hydrothermal hornblende and hydrothermal plagioclase confirm that while alteration is of amphibolite-grade, it is in disequilibrium and the extent of alteration is dependent upon protolith type and water/rock ratio. Alteration in the RN-17B core bares many similarities to that of Type II basalts observed in Mid-Atlantic Ridge samples. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research AU - Fowler, Andrew P G AU - Zierenberg, Robert A AU - Schiffman, Peter AU - Marks, Naomi AU - Friethleifsson, Guethmundur Omar Y1 - 2015/09/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Sep 01 SP - 47 EP - 63 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 302 SN - 0377-0273, 0377-0273 KW - sorosilicates KW - silicates KW - sea water KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - mass spectra KW - hyaloclastite KW - Reykjanes geothermal system KW - Europe KW - salinity KW - microthermometry KW - metasomatism KW - stable isotopes KW - cores KW - temperature KW - electron probe data KW - geothermal systems KW - epidote KW - water-rock interaction KW - inclusions KW - amphibolite facies KW - orthosilicates KW - cooling KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - spectra KW - Iceland Deep Drilling Project KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Western Europe KW - isotope ratios KW - depth KW - ICP mass spectra KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - pyroclastics KW - metals KW - fluid inclusions KW - epidote group KW - Reykjanes Peninsula KW - Iceland KW - strontium KW - facies KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729845630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+fluid-rock+interaction+in+the+Reykjanes+geothermal+system%2C+Iceland%3B+evidence+from+Iceland+Deep+Drilling+Project+core+RN-17B&rft.au=Fowler%2C+Andrew+P+G%3BZierenberg%2C+Robert+A%3BSchiffman%2C+Peter%3BMarks%2C+Naomi%3BFriethleifsson%2C+Guethmundur+Omar&rft.aulast=Fowler&rft.aufirst=Andrew+P&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=302&rft.issue=&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.issn=03770273&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jvolgeores.2015.06.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03770273 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 82 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - CODEN - JVGRDQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; amphibolite facies; cooling; cores; depth; electron probe data; epidote; epidote group; Europe; facies; fluid inclusions; geothermal systems; hyaloclastite; hydrothermal alteration; Iceland; Iceland Deep Drilling Project; ICP mass spectra; igneous rocks; inclusions; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; metals; metasomatism; microthermometry; orthosilicates; pyroclastics; Reykjanes geothermal system; Reykjanes Peninsula; salinity; sea water; silicates; sorosilicates; spectra; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; temperature; volcanic rocks; water-rock interaction; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.06.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Southwest Pacific deep water carbonate chemistry linked to high southern latitude climate and atmospheric CO (sub 2) during the last glacial termination AN - 1761075295; 2016-008997 AB - A greater amount of CO (sub 2) was stored in the deep sea during glacial periods, likely via greater efficiency of the biologic pump and increased uptake by a more alkaline ocean. Reconstructing past variations in seawater carbonate ion concentration (a major component of alkalinity) enables quantification of the relative roles of different oceanic CO (sub 2) storage mechanisms and also places constraints on the timing, magnitude, and location of subsequent deep ocean ventilation. Here, we present a record of deep-water inorganic carbon chemistry since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; approximately 19-23 ka BP), derived from sediment core RR0503-83 raised from 1627 m in New Zealand's Bay of Plenty. The core site lies within the upper limit of southern-sourced Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW), just below the lower boundary of Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW). We reconstruct past changes in bottom water inorganic carbon chemistry from the trace element and stable isotopic composition of calcite shells of the epibenthic foraminifer Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi. A record of Delta CO (sub 3) (super 2-) (Delta CO (sub 3) (super 2-) =[CO (sub 3) (super 2-) ] (sub in situ) - [CO (sub 3) (super 2-) ] (sub saturation) ) derived from the foraminiferal boron to calcium ratio (B/Ca) provides evidence for greater ice-age storage of respired CO (sub 2) and reveals abrupt deglacial shifts in [CO (sub 3) (super 2-) ] (sub in situ) of up to 30 mu mol/kg (5 times larger than the difference between average LGM and Holocene values). The rapidity of these changes suggests the influence of changing water mass structure and atmospheric circulation in addition to a decrease in CO (sub 2) content of interior waters. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Quaternary Science Reviews AU - Allen, Katherine A AU - Sikes, Elisabeth L AU - Hoenisch, Baerbel AU - Elmore, Aurora C AU - Guilderson, Thomas P AU - Rosenthal, Yair AU - Anderson, Robert F Y1 - 2015/08/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 15 SP - 180 EP - 191 PB - Elsevier VL - 122 SN - 0277-3791, 0277-3791 KW - sea water KW - last glacial maximum KW - oxygen KW - Southwest Pacific KW - isotopes KW - paleo-oceanography KW - Bay of Plenty KW - Holocene KW - stable isotopes KW - North Island KW - cores KW - West Pacific KW - carbon dioxide KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Foraminifera KW - Cenozoic KW - marine sediments KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dates KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - chemostratigraphy KW - absolute age KW - Invertebrata KW - trace elements KW - carbonate ion KW - Protista KW - Quaternary KW - Australasia KW - chronostratigraphy KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - South Pacific KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pleistocene KW - C-14 KW - New Zealand KW - microfossils KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761075295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+Science+Reviews&rft.atitle=Southwest+Pacific+deep+water+carbonate+chemistry+linked+to+high+southern+latitude+climate+and+atmospheric+CO+%28sub+2%29+during+the+last+glacial+termination&rft.au=Allen%2C+Katherine+A%3BSikes%2C+Elisabeth+L%3BHoenisch%2C+Baerbel%3BElmore%2C+Aurora+C%3BGuilderson%2C+Thomas+P%3BRosenthal%2C+Yair%3BAnderson%2C+Robert+F&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2015-08-15&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=&rft.spage=180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quaternary+Science+Reviews&rft.issn=02773791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.quascirev.2015.05.007 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02773791 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 105 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Australasia; Bay of Plenty; C-13/C-12; C-14; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbonate ion; Cenozoic; chemostratigraphy; chronostratigraphy; cores; dates; Foraminifera; Holocene; Invertebrata; isotope ratios; isotopes; last glacial maximum; marine sediments; microfossils; New Zealand; North Island; O-18/O-16; oxygen; Pacific Ocean; paleo-oceanography; Pleistocene; Protista; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; sea water; sediments; South Pacific; Southwest Pacific; stable isotopes; trace elements; upper Pleistocene; West Pacific DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.05.007 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Linking microbial growth in soil to changes in ecosystem function using heavy water stable isotope probing T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731770374; 6363288 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Blazewicz, Steve Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Soil KW - Growth KW - Isotopes KW - Heavy water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731770374?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Linking+microbial+growth+in+soil+to+changes+in+ecosystem+function+using+heavy+water+stable+isotope+probing&rft.au=Blazewicz%2C+Steve&rft.aulast=Blazewicz&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Microbial feedbacks to climate: How climate and edaphic controllers shape the rhizosphere microbiome of a wild annual grass T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731767532; 6362052 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Nuccio, Erin AU - Pett-Ridge, Jennifer AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Firestone, Mary Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Grasses KW - Rhizosphere KW - Climate KW - Feedback UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731767532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Microbial+feedbacks+to+climate%3A+How+climate+and+edaphic+controllers+shape+the+rhizosphere+microbiome+of+a+wild+annual+grass&rft.au=Nuccio%2C+Erin%3BPett-Ridge%2C+Jennifer%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BFirestone%2C+Mary&rft.aulast=Nuccio&rft.aufirst=Erin&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental investigation of shear strength of sands with inherent fabric anisotropy by Tong et al, (DOI 10.1007/s11440-014-0303-6) by Gao, (DOI 10.1007/s11440-015-0383-y); discussion and reply AN - 1832624802; 755819-11 JF - Acta Geotechnica (Berlin) AU - Zhaoxia, Tong AU - Fu, Pengcheng AU - Shaopeng, Zhou AU - Dafalias, Yannis F Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 551 EP - 552 PB - Springer-Verlag, co-published with Versita, Heidelberg-Berlin VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 1861-1125, 1861-1125 KW - soil mechanics KW - sand KW - shear strength KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - sediments KW - fabric KW - anisotropy KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832624802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Geotechnica+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Experimental+investigation+of+shear+strength+of+sands+with+inherent+fabric+anisotropy+by+Tong+et+al%2C+%28DOI+10.1007%2Fs11440-014-0303-6%29+by+Gao%2C+%28DOI+10.1007%2Fs11440-015-0383-y%29%3B+discussion+and+reply&rft.au=Zhaoxia%2C+Tong%3BFu%2C+Pengcheng%3BShaopeng%2C+Zhou%3BDafalias%2C+Yannis+F&rft.aulast=Zhaoxia&rft.aufirst=Tong&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+Geotechnica+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=18611125&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11440-015-0385-9 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1861-1133/?p LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to discussion see Gao, Zhiwei, Acta Geotechnica, Vol. 10, No. 4, p. 547 - 550, 2014 or reference to original see Tong, Zhaoxia, et al, Acta Geotechnica, Vol. 9, No. 9, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; clastic sediments; experimental studies; fabric; sand; sediments; shear strength; soil mechanics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11440-015-0385-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Late Holocene fire and vegetation reconstruction from the western Klamath Mountains, California, USA; a multi-disciplinary approach for examining potential human land-use impacts AN - 1832586913; 758674-12 AB - The influence of Native American land-use practices on vegetation composition and structure has long been a subject of significant debate. This is particularly true in portions of the western United States where tribal hunter-gatherers did not use agriculture to meet subsistence and other cultural needs. Climate has been viewed as the dominant determinant of vegetation structure and composition change over time, but ethnographic and anthropological evidence suggests that Native American land-use practices (particularly through the use of fire) had significant landscape effects on vegetation. However, it is difficult to distinguish climatically driven vegetation change from human-caused vegetation change using traditional paleoecological methods. To address this problem, we use a multidisciplinary methodology that incorporates paleoecology with local ethnographic and archaeological information at two lake sites in northwestern California. We show that anthropogenic impacts can be distinguished at our Fish Lake site during the cool and wet 'Little Ice Age', when we have evidence for open-forest or shade-intolerant vegetation, fostered for subsistence and cultural purposes, rather than the closed-forest or shade-tolerant vegetation expected due to the climatic shift. We also see a strong anthropogenic influence on modern vegetation at both sites following European settlement, decline in tribal use, and subsequent fire exclusion. These results demonstrate that Native American influences on vegetation structure and composition can be distinguished using methods that take into account both physical and cultural aspects of the landscape. They also begin to determine the scale at which western forests were influenced by Native American land-use practices and how modern forests of northwestern California are not solely products of climate alone. JF - The Holocene AU - Crawford, Jeffrey N AU - Mensing, Scott A AU - Lake, Frank K AU - Zimmerman, Susan R H Y1 - 2015/08/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 01 SP - 1341 EP - 1357 PB - SAGE Publications, London VL - 25 IS - 8 SN - 0959-6836, 0959-6836 KW - United States KW - Lake Ogaromtoc KW - Siskiyou County California KW - isotopes KW - lead KW - vegetation KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - paleoecology KW - Fish Lake KW - fires KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - radioactive isotopes KW - pollen KW - quantitative analysis KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - absolute age KW - miospores KW - climate KW - forests KW - charcoal KW - Quaternary KW - assemblages KW - human activity KW - paleoenvironment KW - metals KW - palynomorphs KW - lacustrine environment KW - Klamath Mountains KW - C-14 KW - upper Holocene KW - microfossils KW - Pb-210 KW - lake sediments KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832586913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Holocene&rft.atitle=Late+Holocene+fire+and+vegetation+reconstruction+from+the+western+Klamath+Mountains%2C+California%2C+USA%3B+a+multi-disciplinary+approach+for+examining+potential+human+land-use+impacts&rft.au=Crawford%2C+Jeffrey+N%3BMensing%2C+Scott+A%3BLake%2C+Frank+K%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan+R+H&rft.aulast=Crawford&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Holocene&rft.issn=09596836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0959683615584205 L2 - http://hol.sagepub.com/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 102 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - NSF grants BCS-0926732 and and BCS-0964261 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; assemblages; C-14; California; carbon; Cenozoic; charcoal; climate; cores; fires; Fish Lake; forests; Holocene; human activity; isotopes; Klamath Mountains; lacustrine environment; Lake Ogaromtoc; lake sediments; lead; metals; microfossils; miospores; paleoclimatology; paleoecology; paleoenvironment; palynomorphs; Pb-210; pollen; quantitative analysis; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; sediments; Siskiyou County California; United States; upper Holocene; vegetation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683615584205 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Late glacial and Holocene glacier fluctuations at Nevado Huaguruncho in the Eastern Cordillera of the Peruvian Andes AN - 1707523224; 2015-082201 AB - Discerning the timing and pattern of late Quaternary glacier variability in the tropical Andes is important for our understanding of global climate change. Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) ages (48) on moraines and radiocarbon-dated clastic sediment records from a moraine-dammed lake at Nevado Huaguruncho, Peru, document the waxing and waning of alpine glaciers in the Eastern Cordillera during the past approximately 15 k.y. The integrated moraine and lake records indicate that ice advanced at 14.1 + or - 0.4 ka, during the first half of the Antarctic Cold Reversal, and began retreating by 13.7 + or - 0.4 ka. Ice retreated and paraglacial sedimentation declined until ca. 12 ka, when proxy indicators of glacigenic sediment increased sharply, heralding an ice advance that culminated in multiple moraine positions from 11.6 + or - 0.2 ka to 10.3 + or - 0.2 ka. Proxy indicators of glacigenic sediment input suggest oscillating ice extents from ca. 10 to 4 ka, and somewhat more extensive ice cover from 4 to 2 ka, followed by ice retreat. The lack of TCN ages from these intervals suggests that glaciers were less extensive than during the late Holocene. A final Holocene advance occurred during the Little Ice Age (LIA, ca. 0.4 to 0.2 ka) under colder and wetter conditions as documented in regional proxy archives. The pattern of glacier variability at Huaguruncho during the Late Glacial and Holocene is similar to the pattern of tropical Atlantic sea-surface temperatures, and provides evidence that prior to the LIA, ice extent in the eastern tropical Andes was decoupled from temperatures in the high-latitude North Atlantic. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Stansell, Nathan D AU - Rodbell, Donald T AU - Licciardi, Joseph M AU - Sedlak, Christopher M AU - Schweinsberg, Avriel D AU - Huss, Elizabeth G AU - Delgado, Grace M AU - Zimmerman, Susan H AU - Finkel, Robert C Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 747 EP - 750 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 43 IS - 8 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - lithostratigraphy KW - glaciation KW - isotopes KW - lead KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - exposure age KW - cores KW - climate change KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Lake Yanacocha KW - dates KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - moraines KW - absolute age KW - Andes KW - Eastern Cordillera KW - Quaternary KW - chronostratigraphy KW - glaciers KW - South America KW - metals KW - lacustrine environment KW - Pleistocene KW - Northern Andes KW - Nevado Huaguruncho KW - C-14 KW - Pb-210 KW - lake sediments KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707523224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Late+glacial+and+Holocene+glacier+fluctuations+at+Nevado+Huaguruncho+in+the+Eastern+Cordillera+of+the+Peruvian+Andes&rft.au=Stansell%2C+Nathan+D%3BRodbell%2C+Donald+T%3BLicciardi%2C+Joseph+M%3BSedlak%2C+Christopher+M%3BSchweinsberg%2C+Avriel+D%3BHuss%2C+Elizabeth+G%3BDelgado%2C+Grace+M%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan+H%3BFinkel%2C+Robert+C&rft.aulast=Stansell&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=747&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FG36735.1 L2 - http://geology.gsapubs.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Andes; C-14; carbon; Cenozoic; chronostratigraphy; climate change; cores; dates; Eastern Cordillera; exposure age; glaciation; glaciers; Holocene; isotopes; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; Lake Yanacocha; lead; lithostratigraphy; metals; moraines; Nevado Huaguruncho; Northern Andes; paleoclimatology; Pb-210; Pleistocene; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; sediments; South America; upper Pleistocene DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G36735.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineered Nanostructures of Haptens Lead to Unexpected Formation of Membrane Nanotubes Connecting Rat Basophilic Leukemia Cells. AN - 1700102803; 26057701 AB - A recent finding reports that co-stimulation of the high-affinity immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor (FcεRI) and the chemokine receptor 1 (CCR1) triggered formation of membrane nanotubes among bone-marrow-derived mast cells. The co-stimulation was attained using corresponding ligands: IgE binding antigen and macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP1 α), respectively. However, this approach failed to trigger formation of nanotubes among rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) cells due to the lack of CCR1 on the cell surface (Int. Immunol. 2010, 22 (2), 113-128). RBL cells are frequently used as a model for mast cells and are best known for antibody-mediated activation via FcεRI. This work reports the successful formation of membrane nanotubes among RBLs using only one stimulus, a hapten of 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP) molecules, which are presented as nanostructures with our designed spatial arrangements. This observation underlines the significance of the local presentation of ligands in the context of impacting the cellular signaling cascades. In the case of RBL, certain DNP nanostructures suppress antigen-induced degranulation and facilitate the rearrangement of the cytoskeleton to form nanotubes. These results demonstrate an important scientific concept; engineered nanostructures enable cellular signaling cascades, where current technologies encounter great difficulties. More importantly, nanotechnology offers a new platform to selectively activate and/or inhibit desired cellular signaling cascades. JF - ACS nano AU - Li, Jie-Ren AU - Ross, Shailise S AU - Liu, Yang AU - Liu, Ying X AU - Wang, Kang-Hsin AU - Chen, Huan-Yuan AU - Liu, Fu-Tong AU - Laurence, Ted A AU - Liu, Gang-Yu AD - †Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States. ; ‡Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States. ; ∥Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States. Y1 - 2015/07/28/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jul 28 SP - 6738 EP - 6746 VL - 9 IS - 7 KW - Haptens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - scanning electron microscopy (SEM) KW - atomic force microscopy (AFM) KW - particle lithography KW - membrane nanotubes KW - rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) cells KW - haptens KW - mast cells KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Cell Membrane Structures -- drug effects KW - Nanostructures -- chemistry KW - Haptens -- chemistry KW - Basophils -- ultrastructure KW - Cell Membrane Structures -- ultrastructure KW - Haptens -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700102803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=Engineered+Nanostructures+of+Haptens+Lead+to+Unexpected+Formation+of+Membrane+Nanotubes+Connecting+Rat+Basophilic+Leukemia+Cells.&rft.au=Li%2C+Jie-Ren%3BRoss%2C+Shailise+S%3BLiu%2C+Yang%3BLiu%2C+Ying+X%3BWang%2C+Kang-Hsin%3BChen%2C+Huan-Yuan%3BLiu%2C+Fu-Tong%3BLaurence%2C+Ted+A%3BLiu%2C+Gang-Yu&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Jie-Ren&rft.date=2015-07-28&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=6738&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facsnano.5b02270 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-06-26 N1 - Date created - 2015-07-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Inorg Chem. 2008 Apr 21;47(8):3284-91 [18345627] Allergy. 2015 Feb;70(2):131-40 [25250718] Annu Rev Biophys. 2008;37:265-88 [18573082] Nano Lett. 2008 Jul;8(7):1916-22 [18563943] Nano Lett. 2008 Aug;8(8):2503-9 [18642963] Trends Cell Biol. 2008 Sep;18(9):414-20 [18703335] Adv Immunol. 2008;98:85-120 [18772004] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Nov 11;105(45):17238-44 [19004813] Nat Cell Biol. 2009 Mar;11(3):328-36 [19198598] Immunol Rev. 2009 Mar;228(1):149-69 [19290926] Annu Rev Phys Chem. 2009;60:449-68 [18999989] FEBS Lett. 2009 Jun 5;583(11):1792-9 [19289124] Nano Lett. 2009 Jul;9(7):2614-8 [19583282] Nat Cell Biol. 2009 Dec;11(12):1427-32 [19935652] Int Immunol. 2010 Feb;22(2):113-28 [20173038] ACS Nano. 2010 Jun 22;4(6):3015-22 [20524630] FEBS Lett. 2010 Dec 15;584(24):4933-40 [20696166] Cell Death Differ. 2011 Apr;18(4):732-42 [21113142] ACS Nano. 2011 Mar 22;5(3):1685-92 [21322534] ACS Nano. 2011 Nov 22;5(11):8672-83 [21999491] ACS Nano. 2012 Oct 23;6(10):9141-9 [22973942] ACS Nano. 2012 Nov 27;6(11):10033-41 [23102457] Cell Death Dis. 2013;4:e726 [23868059] Langmuir. 2014 May 6;30(17):4997-5004 [24716859] PLoS One. 2014;9(6):e99196 [24945745] J Histochem Cytochem. 2014 Oct;62(10):698-738 [25062998] Mol Immunol. 2015 Jan;63(1):69-73 [24656327] Mol Immunol. 2015 Jan;63(1):94-103 [24671125] Exp Dermatol. 2001 Feb;10(1):1-10 [11168574] Allergy Asthma Proc. 2001 May-Jun;22(3):115-9 [11424870] Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2002 Apr;22(2):119-48 [11975419] Mol Immunol. 2002 Sep;38(16-18):1259-68 [12217393] J Electron Microsc (Tokyo). 2003;52(4):429-33 [14599106] Science. 2004 Feb 13;303(5660):1007-10 [14963329] J Exp Med. 2004 Jun 7;199(11):1491-502 [15173205] J Immunol. 2004 Jul 1;173(1):100-12 [15210764] J Immunol. 2004 Aug 1;173(3):1511-3 [15265877] J Immunol. 1980 Jun;124(6):2728-37 [7373045] J Cell Biol. 1985 Dec;101(6):2145-55 [2933414] Cell Immunol. 1994 Jun;156(1):1-12 [8200029] J Appl Bacteriol. 1996 Feb;80(2):225-32 [8642017] J Microsc. 1997 Apr;186(Pt 1):84-7 [9159923] Physiol Rev. 1997 Oct;77(4):1033-79 [9354811] Mol Immunol. 2015 Jan;63(1):55-60 [24768320] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Sep 15;95(19):11330-5 [9736736] Langmuir. 2005 Apr 26;21(9):4117-22 [15835982] Circ Res. 2005 May 27;96(10):1039-41 [15879310] Immunity. 2005 Sep;23(3):309-18 [16169503] J Immunol. 2005 Nov 15;175(10):6885-92 [16272347] Nat Rev Cancer. 2005 Nov;5(11):899-904 [16327766] J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2006 Jan;40(1):1-8 [16321397] Nat Rev Immunol. 2006 Mar;6(3):218-30 [16470226] J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006 Jun;117(6):1214-25; quiz 1226 [16750977] J Immunol. 2006 Dec 15;177(12):8476-83 [17142745] FEBS Lett. 2007 May 22;581(11):2194-201 [17433307] Immunol Rev. 2007 Jun;217:269-79 [17498065] J Immunol. 2007 Jul 1;179(1):95-102 [17579026] PLoS One. 2007;2(11):e1204 [18030338] Nat Cell Biol. 2008 Feb;10(2):211-9 [18193035] Nat Med. 2008 May;14(5):489-90 [18463655] Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Jun;9(6):431-6 [18431401] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b02270 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Buoyancy instability of homologous implosions AN - 1701482878; PQ0001708026 AB - I consider the hydrodynamic stability of imploding ideal gases as an idealized model for inertial confinement fusion capsules, sonoluminescent bubbles and the gravitational collapse of astrophysical gases. For oblate modes (short-wavelength incompressive modes elongated in the direction of the mean flow), a second-order ordinary differential equation is derived that can be used to assess the stability of any time-dependent flow with planar, cylindrical or spherical symmetry. Upon further restricting the analysis to homologous flows, it is shown that a monatomic gas is governed by the Schwarzschild criterion for buoyant stability. Under buoyantly unstable conditions, both entropy and vorticity fluctuations experience power-law growth in time, with a growth rate that depends upon mean flow gradients and, in the absence of dissipative effects, is independent of mode number. If the flow accelerates throughout the implosion, oblate modes amplify by a factor , where is the convergence ratio of the implosion, is the initial buoyancy frequency and is the implosion time scale. If, instead, the implosion consists of a coasting phase followed by stagnation, oblate modes amplify by a factor , where is the buoyancy frequency at stagnation and is the stagnation time scale. Even under stable conditions, vorticity fluctuations grow due to the conservation of angular momentum as the gas is compressed. For non-monatomic gases, this additional growth due to compression results in weak oscillatory growth under conditions that would otherwise be buoyantly stable; this over-stability is consistent with the conservation of wave action in the fluid frame. The above analytical results are verified by evolving the complete set of linear equations as an initial value problem, and it is demonstrated that oblate modes are the fastest-growing modes and that high mode numbers are required to reach this limit (Legendre mode for spherical flows). Finally, comparisons are made with a Lagrangian hydrodynamics code, and it is found that a numerical resolution of zones per wavelength is required to capture these solutions accurately. This translates to an angular resolution of , or to resolve the fastest-growing modes. JF - Journal of Fluid Mechanics AU - Johnson, B M AD - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA, johnson359@llnl.gov Y1 - 2015/07/10/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jul 10 PB - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU United Kingdom VL - 774 SN - 0022-1120, 0022-1120 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Growth rate KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Collapse KW - Brunt-vaisala frequency KW - Ocean circulation KW - Growth Rates KW - Lagrangian current measurement KW - Differential Equations KW - Implosions KW - Wavelengths KW - Differential equations KW - Boundary value problems KW - Conservation KW - Fluctuations KW - Entropy KW - Buoyancy KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09183:Physics and chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701482878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fluid+Mechanics&rft.atitle=Buoyancy+instability+of+homologous+implosions&rft.au=Johnson%2C+B+M&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2015-07-10&rft.volume=774&rft.issue=&rft.spage=056319%3B+056318%3B+042707%3B+072701%3B+112702%3B+075004%3B+053106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fluid+Mechanics&rft.issn=00221120&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2Fjfm.2015.309 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Boundary value problems; Ocean circulation; Brunt-vaisala frequency; Lagrangian current measurement; Implosions; Entropy; Differential equations; Buoyancy; Hydrodynamics; Collapse; Conservation; Growth Rates; Differential Equations; Fluctuations; Wavelengths DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.309 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrical properties of methane hydrate + sediment mixtures AN - 1773797119; 2016-024686 AB - Knowledge of the electrical properties of multicomponent systems with gas hydrate, sediments, and pore water is needed to help relate electromagnetic (EM) measurements to specific gas hydrate concentration and distribution patterns in nature. Toward this goal, we built a pressure cell capable of measuring in situ electrical properties of multicomponent systems such that the effects of individual components and mixing relations can be assessed. We first established the temperature-dependent electrical conductivity (sigma ) of pure, single-phase methane hydrate to be nearly equal 5 orders of magnitude lower than seawater, a substantial contrast that can help differentiate hydrate deposits from significantly more conductive water-saturated sediments in EM field surveys. Here we report sigma measurements of two-component systems in which methane hydrate is mixed with variable amounts of quartz sand or glass beads. Sand by itself has low sigma but is found to increase the overall sigma of mixtures with well-connected methane hydrate. Alternatively, the overall sigma decreases when sand concentrations are high enough to cause gas hydrate to be poorly connected, indicating that hydrate grains provide the primary conduction path. Our measurements suggest that impurities from sand induce chemical interactions and/or doping effects that result in higher electrical conductivity with lower temperature dependence. These results can be used in the modeling of massive or two-phase gas-hydrate-bearing systems devoid of conductive pore water. Further experiments that include a free water phase are the necessary next steps toward developing complex models relevant to most natural systems. Abstract Copyright (2015), American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth AU - Du Frane, Wyatt L AU - Stern, Laura A AU - Constable, Steven AU - Weitemeyer, Karen A AU - Smith, Megan M AU - Roberts, Jeffery J Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 4773 EP - 4783 PB - Wiley-Blackwell for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 120 IS - 7 SN - 2169-9313, 2169-9313 KW - electrical properties KW - sea water KW - methane KW - gas hydrates KW - geophysical methods KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - alkanes KW - organic compounds KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - electromagnetic methods KW - chemical composition KW - pore water KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773797119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.atitle=Electrical+properties+of+methane+hydrate+%2B+sediment+mixtures&rft.au=Du+Frane%2C+Wyatt+L%3BStern%2C+Laura+A%3BConstable%2C+Steven%3BWeitemeyer%2C+Karen+A%3BSmith%2C+Megan+M%3BRoberts%2C+Jeffery+J&rft.aulast=Du+Frane&rft.aufirst=Wyatt&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4773&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.issn=21699313&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JB011940 L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/jgr/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)2169-9356/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; chemical composition; electrical properties; electromagnetic methods; gas hydrates; geophysical methods; hydrocarbons; marine sediments; methane; organic compounds; pore water; sea water; sediments DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JB011940 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring turbine inflow with vertically-profiling lidar in complex terrain AN - 1770273348; PQ0002258858 AB - Two Laser and Detection Ranging (lidar) units were deployed in the Altamont Pass region of California to study complex flow dynamics at a moderately complex terrain wind farm. The lidars provided wind measurements at the base and along the slope of a 140m tall ridge and captured air flow as it moved up and along the ridge towards an unwaked turbine under varying stability conditions. Elevation enhanced wind speed during well-mixed or near-neutral conditions at the top of the ridge; however, the hill "speed-up" was smaller than expected during stable conditions. At these times the upwind terrain played a significant role in local flow variability as did terrain features within the wind farm. The observations were next analyzed to assess the ability of using vertically-profiling lidar in complex terrain to measure free-stream inflow for evaluating power generation response. Better agreement between the lidar wind speed and expected power was found once the lidar measurements had been adjusted for stability-dependent hill speed-up effects. This suggests that vertically-profiling lidar can be used in complex terrain to measure inflow if the terrain-induced flow features are also considered. JF - Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics AU - Wharton, S AU - Newman, J F AU - Qualley, G AU - Miller, W O AD - Atmospheric, Earth and Energy Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-103, Livermore, CA 94550, USA Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 217 EP - 231 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 142 SN - 0167-6105, 0167-6105 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Complex terrain KW - Altamont Pass KW - Wind resource KW - Wind power KW - Lidar KW - Hill "speed-up" KW - Inflow KW - Wind shear KW - Wind speed KW - Turbines KW - Slopes KW - Terrain KW - Ridges UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770273348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Wind+Engineering+and+Industrial+Aerodynamics&rft.atitle=Measuring+turbine+inflow+with+vertically-profiling+lidar+in+complex+terrain&rft.au=Wharton%2C+S%3BNewman%2C+J+F%3BQualley%2C+G%3BMiller%2C+W+O&rft.aulast=Wharton&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=142&rft.issue=&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Wind+Engineering+and+Industrial+Aerodynamics&rft.issn=01676105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jweia.2015.03.023 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2015.03.023 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ELECTROCHEMISTRY. High-performance transition metal-doped Pt₃Ni octahedra for oxygen reduction reaction. AN - 1687999899; 26068847 AB - Bimetallic platinum-nickel (Pt-Ni) nanostructures represent an emerging class of electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells, but practical applications have been limited by catalytic activity and durability. We surface-doped Pt3Ni octahedra supported on carbon with transition metals, termed M-Pt3Ni/C, where M is vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, molybdenum (Mo), tungsten, or rhenium. The Mo-Pt3Ni/C showed the best ORR performance, with a specific activity of 10.3 mA/cm(2) and mass activity of 6.98 A/mg(Pt), which are 81- and 73-fold enhancements compared with the commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.127 mA/cm(2) and 0.096 A/mg(Pt)). Theoretical calculations suggest that Mo prefers subsurface positions near the particle edges in vacuum and surface vertex/edge sites in oxidizing conditions, where it enhances both the performance and the stability of the Pt3Ni catalyst. JF - Science (New York, N.Y.) AU - Huang, Xiaoqing AU - Zhao, Zipeng AU - Cao, Liang AU - Chen, Yu AU - Zhu, Enbo AU - Lin, Zhaoyang AU - Li, Mufan AU - Yan, Aiming AU - Zettl, Alex AU - Wang, Y Morris AU - Duan, Xiangfeng AU - Mueller, Tim AU - Huang, Yu AD - Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. ; Department of Physics and Center of Integrated Nanomechanical Systems, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California, Berkeley, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA 94550, USA. ; California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. tmueller@jhu.edu yhuang@seas.ucla.edu. ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. tmueller@jhu.edu yhuang@seas.ucla.edu. Y1 - 2015/06/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 12 SP - 1230 EP - 1234 VL - 348 IS - 6240 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1687999899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=ELECTROCHEMISTRY.+High-performance+transition+metal-doped+Pt%E2%82%83Ni+octahedra+for+oxygen+reduction+reaction.&rft.au=Huang%2C+Xiaoqing%3BZhao%2C+Zipeng%3BCao%2C+Liang%3BChen%2C+Yu%3BZhu%2C+Enbo%3BLin%2C+Zhaoyang%3BLi%2C+Mufan%3BYan%2C+Aiming%3BZettl%2C+Alex%3BWang%2C+Y+Morris%3BDuan%2C+Xiangfeng%3BMueller%2C+Tim%3BHuang%2C+Yu&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Xiaoqing&rft.date=2015-06-12&rft.volume=348&rft.issue=6240&rft.spage=1230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=1095-9203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.aaa8765 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-07-07 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa8765 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Koppen bioclimatic evaluation of CMIP historical climate simulations AN - 1776655725; PQ0002757387 AB - Koppen bioclimatic classification relates generic vegetation types to characteristics of the interactive annual-cycles of continental temperature (T) and precipitation (P). In addition to predicting possible bioclimatic consequences of past or prospective climate change, a Koppen scheme can be used to pinpoint biases in model simulations of historical T and P. In this study a Koppen evaluation of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) simulations of historical climate is conducted for the period 1980-1999. Evaluation of an example CMIP5 model illustrates how errors in simulating Koppen vegetation types (relative to those derived from observational reference data) can be deconstructed and related to model-specific temperature and precipitation biases. Measures of CMIP model skill in simulating the reference Koppen vegetation types are also developed, allowing the bioclimatic performance of a CMIP5 simulation of T and P to be compared quantitatively with its CMIP3 antecedent. Although certain bioclimatic discrepancies persist across model generations, the CMIP5 models collectively display an improved rendering of historical T and P relative to their CMIP3 counterparts. In addition, the Koppen-based performance metrics are found to be quite insensitive to alternative choices of observational reference data or to differences in model horizontal resolution. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Phillips, Thomas J AU - Bonfils, Celine J W AD - Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Mailcode L-103 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA, phillips14@llnl.gov Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 10 IS - 6 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Climate models KW - Rainfall KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Vegetation KW - Environmental research KW - Precipitation KW - Climate and vegetation KW - Classification KW - Numerical simulations KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776655725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Koppen+bioclimatic+evaluation+of+CMIP+historical+climate+simulations&rft.au=Phillips%2C+Thomas+J%3BBonfils%2C+Celine+J+W&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F10%2F6%2F064005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate and vegetation; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Climate change; Environmental research; Precipitation; Historical account; Classification; Rainfall; Climate; Temperature; Vegetation; Simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/6/064005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineral protection of soil carbon counteracted by root exudates AN - 1773837494; PQ0002696592 AB - Multiple lines of existing evidence suggest that climate change enhances root exudation of organic compounds into soils. Recent experimental studies show that increased exudate inputs may cause a net loss of soil carbon. This stimulation of microbial carbon mineralization ('priming') is commonly rationalized by the assumption that exudates provide a readily bioavailable supply of energy for the decomposition of native soil carbon (co-metabolism). Here we show that an alternate mechanism can cause carbon loss of equal or greater magnitude. We find that a common root exudate, oxalic acid, promotes carbon loss by liberating organic compounds from protective associations with minerals. By enhancing microbial access to previously mineral-protected compounds, this indirect mechanism accelerated carbon loss more than simply increasing the supply of energetically more favourable substrates. Our results provide insights into the coupled biotic-abiotic mechanisms underlying the 'priming' phenomenon and challenge the assumption that mineral-associated carbon is protected from microbial cycling over millennial timescales. JF - Nature Climate Change AU - Keiluweit, Marco AU - Bougoure, Jeremy J AU - Nico, Peter S AU - Pett-Ridge, Jennifer AU - Weber, Peter K AU - Kleber, Markus AD - 1] Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, ALS Building 3017, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA [2] Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East avenue, L-231, Livermore, California 94550, USA Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 588 EP - 595 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 6 SN - 1758-678X, 1758-678X KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Soil KW - Bioavailability KW - Energy KW - Climate change KW - Organic compounds KW - Mineralization KW - Minerals KW - Decomposition KW - Oxalic acid KW - Organic compounds in soil KW - ENA 11:Non-Renewable Resources KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773837494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.atitle=Mineral+protection+of+soil+carbon+counteracted+by+root+exudates&rft.au=Keiluweit%2C+Marco%3BBougoure%2C+Jeremy+J%3BNico%2C+Peter+S%3BPett-Ridge%2C+Jennifer%3BWeber%2C+Peter+K%3BKleber%2C+Markus&rft.aulast=Keiluweit&rft.aufirst=Marco&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=588&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.issn=1758678X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnclimate2580 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; Organic compounds in soil; Soil; Bioavailability; Energy; Organic compounds; Mineralization; Decomposition; Minerals; Oxalic acid DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2580 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved regional and teleseismic P-wave travel-time prediction and event location using a global 3D velocity model AN - 1707522522; 2015-081932 AB - A global validation dataset of 116 seismic events and 20,977 associated Pn and P arrivals is used to assess travel-time prediction and event location accuracy for the global-scale, 3D, P-wave velocity model called LLNL-G3Dv3 (Simmons et al., 2012). Strong regional trends that are observed for ak135 travel-time residuals are largely removed when LLNL-G3Dv3 is used for prediction. The 25th-75th quantile spread of travel-time residuals is reduced by 30%-40% at teleseismic distances, and the spread is reduced by approximately 60% at regional distances (<16 degrees ). Epicenter error decreases when more data are used to constrain event locations until more than approximately 40 arrivals times are used. At which point, epicenter error reduction tends to plateau. Median epicenter errors for the ak135 and LLNL-G3Dv3 models plateau at approximately 8.0 and approximately 5.5 km, respectively, for teleseismic P datasets. Median epicenter errors for the ak135 and LLNL-G3Dv3 models plateau at approximately 12.0 and approximately 4.0 km, respectively, for regional Pn datasets. We demonstrate that spatially correlated travel-time residual errors for the ak135 model lead to increasing epicenter error when approximately 40 to approximately 100 Pn arrivals are used to constrain the location. The effect of correlated error is mitigated by LLNL-G3Dv3, for which epicenter error steadily decreases to approximately 4 km when 100 Pn arrivals are used. The median area of 0.95 epicenter probability bounds for ak135 and LLNL-G3Dv3 are 1811 and 758 km (super 2) , respectively. The ak135 ellipses are inflated to achieve the desired rate of true events occurring inside the probability region, whereas LLNL-G3Dv3 error ellipses based on empirical residual distributions cover the true location at the expected rate because location bias is minimal. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Myers, Stephen C AU - Simmons, Nathan A AU - Johannesson, Gardar AU - Matzel, Eric Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 1642 EP - 1660 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 105 IS - 3 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - tomography KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - global KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - elastic waves KW - teleseismic signals KW - models KW - errors KW - seismicity KW - traveltime KW - ray tracing KW - propagation KW - probability KW - focus KW - epicenters KW - seismic waves KW - seismic networks KW - earthquakes KW - accuracy KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707522522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Improved+regional+and+teleseismic+P-wave+travel-time+prediction+and+event+location+using+a+global+3D+velocity+model&rft.au=Myers%2C+Stephen+C%3BSimmons%2C+Nathan+A%3BJohannesson%2C+Gardar%3BMatzel%2C+Eric&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1642&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0120140272 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; body waves; earthquakes; elastic waves; epicenters; errors; focus; global; models; numerical models; P-waves; prediction; probability; propagation; ray tracing; seismic networks; seismic waves; seismicity; statistical analysis; teleseismic signals; three-dimensional models; tomography; traveltime DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120140272 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - External Influences on Modeled and Observed Cloud Trends AN - 1701477916; PQ0001687606 AB - Understanding the cloud response to external forcing is a major challenge for climate science. This crucial goal is complicated by intermodel differences in simulating present and future cloud cover and by observational uncertainty. This is the first formal detection and attribution study of cloud changes over the satellite era. Presented herein are CMIP5 model-derived fingerprints of externally forced changes to three cloud properties: the latitudes at which the zonally averaged total cloud fraction (CLT) is maximized or minimized, the zonal average CLT at these latitudes, and the height of high clouds at these latitudes. By considering simultaneous changes in all three properties, the authors define a coherent multivariate fingerprint of cloud response to external forcing and use models from phase 5 of CMIP (CMIP5) to calculate the average time to detect these changes. It is found that given perfect satellite cloud observations beginning in 1983, the models indicate that a detectable multivariate signal should have already emerged. A search is then made for signals of external forcing in two observational datasets: ISCCP and PATMOS-x. The datasets are both found to show a poleward migration of the zonal CLT pattern that is incompatible with forced CMIP5 models. Nevertheless, a detectable multivariate signal is predicted by models over the PATMOS-x time period and is indeed present in the dataset. Despite persistent observational uncertainties, these results present a strong case for continued efforts to improve these existing satellite observations, in addition to planning for new missions. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Marvel, Kate AU - Zelinka, Mark AU - Klein, Stephen A AU - Bonfils, Celine AU - Caldwell, Peter AU - Doutriaux, Charles AU - Santer, Benjamin D AU - Taylor, Karl E AD - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, and NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, and Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 4820 EP - 4840 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 28 IS - 12 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Clouds KW - Radiative forcing KW - Pattern detection KW - Climate models KW - Satellite cloud observations KW - Climates KW - Cloud Cover KW - Cloud cover KW - Migration KW - High level clouds KW - Model Studies KW - Satellite data KW - Planning KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Cloud properties KW - Q2 09393:Remote geosensing KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701477916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=External+Influences+on+Modeled+and+Observed+Cloud+Trends&rft.au=Marvel%2C+Kate%3BZelinka%2C+Mark%3BKlein%2C+Stephen+A%3BBonfils%2C+Celine%3BCaldwell%2C+Peter%3BDoutriaux%2C+Charles%3BSanter%2C+Benjamin+D%3BTaylor%2C+Karl+E&rft.aulast=Marvel&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4820&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-14-00734.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric forcing; Cloud cover; Clouds; Satellite data; Climate models; Satellite cloud observations; Cloud properties; High level clouds; Planning; Climates; Cloud Cover; Migration; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00734.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining the source characteristics of explosions near the Earth's surface AN - 1793205110; 2016-048524 AB - We present a method to determine source characteristics of explosions near the Earth's surface. The technique accounts for the reduction in amplitudes as the explosion depth approaches the free surface and less energy is coupled into the ground. We apply the method to the Humming Roadrunner series of shallow explosions in New Mexico where the yields and depths are known. Knowledge of the material properties is needed for both source coupling/excitation and the free surface effect. Although there is the expected trade-off between depth and yield, the estimated yields are close to the known values when the depth is constrained to the free surface. We then apply the method to a regionally recorded explosion in Syria. We estimate an explosive yield less than the 60 t claimed by sources in the open press. The modifications to the method allow us to apply the technique to new classes of events. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Pasyanos, Michael E AU - Ford, Sean R Y1 - 2015/05/28/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 28 SP - 3786 EP - 3792 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 42 IS - 10 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - monitoring KW - explosions KW - Syria KW - elastic waves KW - New Mexico KW - seismic sources KW - depth KW - signals KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - seismic networks KW - seismic energy KW - nuclear explosions KW - Asia KW - earthquakes KW - Middle East KW - amplitude KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793205110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Determining+the+source+characteristics+of+explosions+near+the+Earth%27s+surface&rft.au=Pasyanos%2C+Michael+E%3BFord%2C+Sean+R&rft.aulast=Pasyanos&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-05-28&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3786&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL063624 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291944-8007/issues LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; Asia; body waves; depth; earthquakes; elastic waves; explosions; Middle East; monitoring; New Mexico; nuclear explosions; P-waves; propagation; seismic energy; seismic networks; seismic sources; seismic waves; signals; Syria; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063624 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Sequential Detection of Fission Processes for Harbor Defense T2 - 2015 OCEANS MTS/IEEE Conference AN - 1684404025; 6351436 JF - 2015 OCEANS MTS/IEEE Conference AU - Candy, James Y1 - 2015/05/18/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 18 KW - Harbors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684404025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+OCEANS+MTS%2FIEEE+Conference&rft.atitle=Sequential+Detection+of+Fission+Processes+for+Harbor+Defense&rft.au=Candy%2C+James&rft.aulast=Candy&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2015-05-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+OCEANS+MTS%2FIEEE+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://oceans15mtsieeegenova.org/glance.cfm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-01 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Broadband Particle Filtering in a Noisy Littoral Ocean T2 - 2015 OCEANS MTS/IEEE Conference AN - 1684395308; 6351613 JF - 2015 OCEANS MTS/IEEE Conference AU - Candy, James Y1 - 2015/05/18/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 18 KW - Oceans KW - Particulates KW - Littoral zone UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684395308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+OCEANS+MTS%2FIEEE+Conference&rft.atitle=Broadband+Particle+Filtering+in+a+Noisy+Littoral+Ocean&rft.au=Candy%2C+James&rft.aulast=Candy&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2015-05-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+OCEANS+MTS%2FIEEE+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://oceans15mtsieeegenova.org/glance.cfm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2700 years of Mediterranean environmental change in central Italy; a synthesis of sedimentary and cultural records to interpret past impacts of climate on society AN - 1832652447; 740680-7 AB - Abrupt climate change in the past is thought to have disrupted societies by accelerating environmental degradation, potentially leading to cultural collapse. Linking climate change directly to societal disruption is challenging because socioeconomic factors also play a large role, with climate being secondary or sometimes inconsequential. Combining paleolimnologic, historical, and archaeological methods provides for a more secure basis for interpreting the past impacts of climate on society. We present pollen, non-pollen palynomorph, geochemical, paleomagnetic and sedimentary data from a high-resolution 2700 yr lake sediment core from central Italy and compare these data with local historical documents and archeological surveys to reconstruct a record of environmental change in relation to socioeconomic history and climatic fluctuations. Here we document cases in which environmental change is strongly linked to changes in local land management practices in the absence of clear climatic change, as well as examples when climate change appears to have been a strong catalyst that resulted in significant environmental change that impacted local communities. During the Imperial Roman period, despite a long period of stable, mild climate, and a large urban population in nearby Rome, our site shows only limited evidence for environmental degradation. Warm and mild climate during the Medieval Warm period, on the other hand, led to widespread deforestation and erosion. The ability of the Romans to utilize imported resources through an extensive trade network may have allowed for preservation of the environment near the Roman capital, whereas during medieval time, the need to rely on local resources led to environmental degradation. Cool wet climate during the Little Ice Age led to a breakdown in local land use practices, widespread land abandonment and rapid reforestation. Our results present a high-resolution regional case study that explores the effect of climate change on society for an under-documented region of Europe. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Quaternary Science Reviews AU - Mensing, Scott A AU - Tunno, Irene AU - Sagnotti, Leonardo AU - Florindo, Fabio AU - Noble, Paula AU - Archer, Claire AU - Zimmerman, Susan AU - Pavon-Carrasco, Francisco Javier AU - Cifani, Gabriele AU - Passigli, Susanna AU - Piovesan, Gianluca Y1 - 2015/05/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 15 SP - 72 EP - 94 PB - Elsevier VL - 116 SN - 0277-3791, 0277-3791 KW - lithostratigraphy KW - isotopes KW - lead KW - Europe KW - magnetostratigraphy KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - Italy KW - cores KW - climate change KW - Southern Europe KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - pollen KW - cesium KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - absolute age KW - miospores KW - charcoal KW - Quaternary KW - chronostratigraphy KW - biostratigraphy KW - human activity KW - alkali metals KW - central Italy KW - paleomagnetism KW - Lake Lungo KW - tephrostratigraphy KW - paleoenvironment KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - palynomorphs KW - lacustrine environment KW - reconstruction KW - C-14 KW - upper Holocene KW - microfossils KW - Pb-210 KW - lake sediments KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832652447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+Science+Reviews&rft.atitle=2700+years+of+Mediterranean+environmental+change+in+central+Italy%3B+a+synthesis+of+sedimentary+and+cultural+records+to+interpret+past+impacts+of+climate+on+society&rft.au=Mensing%2C+Scott+A%3BTunno%2C+Irene%3BSagnotti%2C+Leonardo%3BFlorindo%2C+Fabio%3BNoble%2C+Paula%3BArcher%2C+Claire%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan%3BPavon-Carrasco%2C+Francisco+Javier%3BCifani%2C+Gabriele%3BPassigli%2C+Susanna%3BPiovesan%2C+Gianluca&rft.aulast=Mensing&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2015-05-15&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quaternary+Science+Reviews&rft.issn=02773791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.quascirev.2015.03.022 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02773791 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 145 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; alkali metals; biostratigraphy; C-14; carbon; Cenozoic; central Italy; cesium; charcoal; chronostratigraphy; climate change; cores; Cs-137; Europe; Holocene; human activity; isotopes; Italy; lacustrine environment; Lake Lungo; lake sediments; lead; lithostratigraphy; magnetostratigraphy; metals; microfossils; miospores; paleoclimatology; paleoenvironment; paleomagnetism; palynomorphs; Pb-210; pollen; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; reconstruction; sediments; Southern Europe; tephrostratigraphy; upper Holocene DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.03.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AN - 1692747617; 2015-061837 AB - In this reply we address remarks from Lovera et al. (2015) regarding experiments that we conducted on K-feldspar from Madagascar and their previously published diffusion experiments. Observations of curvature on Arrhenius plots obtained from multiple-domain K-feldspars, as discussed by Lovera et al. (2015), are consistent with the general conclusion of our paper that both sub-grain domains and structural modifications associated with laboratory heating cause deviations from linearity on Arrhenius plots. We review observations of non-linearity that are inconsistent with multiple-domain theory (e.g., upward curvature on plagioclase Arrhenius plots) to support our contention that structural transitions are an important consideration. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Cassata, W S AU - Renne, P R Y1 - 2015/05/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 15 SP - 228 EP - 232 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 157 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - K-feldspar KW - statistical analysis KW - argon KW - models KW - laboratory studies KW - alkali feldspar KW - noble gases KW - framework silicates KW - crystal chemistry KW - feldspar group KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692747617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.au=Cassata%2C+W+S%3BRenne%2C+P+R&rft.aulast=Cassata&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2015-05-15&rft.volume=157&rft.issue=&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.02.035 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to discussion see Lovera, O. M., et al., Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 151, p. 168-171, 2015; for reference to original see Cassata, W. S. and Renne, P. R., Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 112, p. 251-287, 2013 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali feldspar; argon; crystal chemistry; diffusion; experimental studies; feldspar group; framework silicates; K-feldspar; laboratory studies; models; noble gases; silicates; statistical analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.02.035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - International monitoring system correlation detection at the North Korean nuclear test site at Punggye-ri with insights from the source physics experiment AN - 1686058468; 2015-052321 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Ford, Sean R AU - Walter, William R Y1 - 2015/05/06/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 06 SP - 1160 EP - 1170, 11 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 4 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - monitoring KW - Far East KW - explosions KW - North Korea KW - correlation KW - seismic sources KW - Korea KW - information management KW - data management KW - detection KW - seismicity KW - algorithms KW - nuclear explosions KW - Asia KW - Punggye-ri North Korea KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686058468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=International+monitoring+system+correlation+detection+at+the+North+Korean+nuclear+test+site+at+Punggye-ri+with+insights+from+the+source+physics+experiment&rft.au=Ford%2C+Sean+R%3BWalter%2C+William+R&rft.aulast=Ford&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft.date=2015-05-06&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0220150029 L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Asia; correlation; data management; detection; explosions; Far East; information management; Korea; monitoring; North Korea; nuclear explosions; Punggye-ri North Korea; seismic sources; seismicity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220150029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of a pathogen microarray for the analysis of viruses and bacteria in clinical diagnostic samples from pigs AN - 1773832493; PQ0002584073 AB - Many of the disease syndromes challenging the commercial swine industry involve the analysis of complex problems caused by polymicrobial, emerging or reemerging, and transboundary pathogens. This study investigated the utility of the Lawrence Livermore Microbial Detection Array (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California), designed to detect 8,101 species of microbes, in the evaluation of known and unknown microbes in serum, oral fluid, and tonsil from pigs experimentally coinfected with Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2). The array easily identified PRRSV and PCV-2, but at decreased sensitivities compared to standard polymerase chain reaction detection methods. The oral fluid sample was the most informative, possessing additional signatures for several swine-associated bacteria, including Streptococcus sp., Clostridium sp., and Staphylococcus sp. JF - Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation AU - Jaing, Crystal J AU - Thissen, James B AU - Gardner, Shea N AU - McLoughlin, Kevin S AU - Hullinger, Pam J AU - Monday, Nicholas A AU - Niederwerder, Megan C AU - Rowland, Raymond RR Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 313 EP - 325 PB - Sage Publications, Inc. VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 1040-6387, 1040-6387 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Bacteria KW - diagnostics KW - disease KW - microarray KW - microbial KW - pathogen KW - pigs KW - virus KW - Streptococcus KW - Clostridium KW - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus KW - Tonsil KW - Staphylococcus KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Pathogens KW - oral fluids KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - V 22410:Animal Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773832493?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Veterinary+Diagnostic+Investigation&rft.atitle=Application+of+a+pathogen+microarray+for+the+analysis+of+viruses+and+bacteria+in+clinical+diagnostic+samples+from+pigs&rft.au=Jaing%2C+Crystal+J%3BThissen%2C+James+B%3BGardner%2C+Shea+N%3BMcLoughlin%2C+Kevin+S%3BHullinger%2C+Pam+J%3BMonday%2C+Nicholas+A%3BNiederwerder%2C+Megan+C%3BRowland%2C+Raymond+RR&rft.aulast=Jaing&rft.aufirst=Crystal&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Veterinary+Diagnostic+Investigation&rft.issn=10406387&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1040638715578484 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tonsil; Polymerase chain reaction; Pathogens; oral fluids; Streptococcus; Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus; Clostridium; Staphylococcus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638715578484 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nuclear force adaptability for deterrence and assurance: a prudent alternative to minimum deterrence AN - 1710258734; 4702094 AB - This monograph, Nuclear Force Adaptability for Deterrence and Assurance: A Prudent Alternative to Minimum Deterrence, is the second in a series examining the U.S. goals of deterrence, extended deterrence and the assurance of allies, and how to think about the corresponding U.S. standards of adequacy for measuring 'how much is enough?' It begins by examining the manifest character of the contemporary threat environment in which the United States must pursue its strategic goals of deterring foes and assuring allies. Fortunately, there is considerable available evidence regarding the character of the contemporary threat environment and its general directions. Noted historians have compared this threat environment not to the bipolar Cold War, but to the highly dynamic threat environments leading to World War I and World War II. The uncertainties involved are daunting given the great diversity of hostile and potentially hostile states and non-state actors, leaderships, goals, perceptions, and forces that could be involved. Reprinted by permission of Taylor & Francis Ltd. JF - Comparative strategy AU - Payne, Keith B AU - Foster, John S AD - Missouri State University ; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 247 EP - 309 VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0149-5933, 0149-5933 KW - Political Science KW - Non-state actors KW - Cold War KW - World War One KW - Deterrence KW - Leadership KW - World War Two UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1710258734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+strategy&rft.atitle=Nuclear+force+adaptability+for+deterrence+and+assurance%3A+a+prudent+alternative+to+minimum+deterrence&rft.au=Payne%2C+Keith+B%3BFoster%2C+John+S&rft.aulast=Payne&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+strategy&rft.issn=01495933&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01495933.2015.1050292 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-09 N1 - Last updated - 2015-09-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 3469 8782 13504 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077; 8724 12168 9008 12092 9720 6590; 2463 13443 2698 9934 476 8168 5889; 13741 13757 13443 2698; 13742 13757 13443 2698; 7271 1411 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01495933.2015.1050292 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A variance-based decomposition and global sensitivity index method for uncertainty quantification: Application to retrieved ice cloud properties AN - 1709725803; PQ0001664719 AB - This study develops a novel uncertainty quantification (UQ) method for cloud microphysical property retrievals using variance-based decomposition and global sensitivity index. In this UQ framework, empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis is applied to the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) ground-based observations, which are the inputs for the cloud retrieval studied here. The principal components (PCs) in the EOF expansion are parameterized as random input variables, and hence, the input dimension is greatly reduced (up to a factor of 50), allowing large ensemble of random samplings. The EOF expansion improves the accuracy of the uncertainty estimation by taking into account the cross correlations in the input data profiles. This method enables a probabilistic representation of a retrieval process by adding normally distributed perturbations into PCs of sample means of input data profiles within a time window. Therefore, it effectively facilitates objective validation of climate models against cloud retrievals under a probabilistic framework for rigorous statistical inferences. Moreover, the variance-based global sensitivity index analysis, part of this method, attributes the output uncertainties to each individual source, thus providing directions for improving retrieval algorithms and observation strategies. For demonstration, we apply this method to quantify the uncertainties of the ARM program's baseline cloud retrieval algorithm for an ice cloud case observed at the Southern Great Plains site on 9 March 2000. Key Points * Propose a general UQ and sensitivity analysis framework for cloud retrievals * Improve knowledge of the vertically resolved cloud retrieval uncertainties * Provide insights to improve the retrieval and model evaluation and calibration JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Chen, Xiao AU - Tang, Qi AU - Xie, Shaocheng AU - Zhao, Chuanfeng AD - Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA. Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 4234 EP - 4247 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 120 IS - 9 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Clouds KW - Uncertainty KW - Mathematical models KW - Probabilistic methods KW - Retrieval KW - Probability theory KW - Algorithms KW - Decomposition UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709725803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=A+variance-based+decomposition+and+global+sensitivity+index+method+for+uncertainty+quantification%3A+Application+to+retrieved+ice+cloud+properties&rft.au=Chen%2C+Xiao%3BTang%2C+Qi%3BXie%2C+Shaocheng%3BZhao%2C+Chuanfeng&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Xiao&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4234&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014JD022750 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022750 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO (sub 2) storage and utilization AN - 1700098626; 2015-073922 JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Harbert, William AU - Gupta, Neeraj AU - Nieuwland, Dirk AU - Morris, Joseph Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - SM1 EP - SM55 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - utilization KW - carbon sequestration KW - gas storage KW - carbon dioxide KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700098626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+and+utilization&rft.au=Sullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BHarbert%2C+William%3BGupta%2C+Neeraj%3BNieuwland%2C+Dirk%3BMorris%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Charlotte&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SM1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; gas storage; utilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of a fracture zone using seismic attributes at the In Salah CO (sub 2) storage project AN - 1700098244; 2015-073925 AB - The In Salah carbon dioxide storage project in Algeria has injected more than 3 million tons of carbon dioxide into a water-filled tight-sand formation. During injection, interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) reveals a double-lobed pattern of up to a 20-mm surface uplift above the horizontal leg of an injection well. Interpretation of 3D seismic data reveals the presence of a subtle linear push-down feature located along the InSAR determined surface depression between the two lobes, which we interpreted to have to be caused by anomalously lower velocity from the fracture zone and the presence of CO (sub 2) displacing brine in this feature. To enhance the seismic interpretation, we calculated many poststack seismic attributes, including positive and negative curvatures as well as ant track, from the 3D seismic data. The maximum positive curvature attributes and ant track found the clearest linear features, with two parallel trends, which agreed well with the ant-track volume and the InSAR observations of the depression zone. The seismic attributes provided a plausible characterization of the fracture zone extent, including height, width, and length (80, 350, and 3500 m, respectively), providing important information for further study of fracture behavior due to the CO (sub 2) injection at In Salah. We interpreted the pattern of depression between two surface-deformation lobes as caused by the opening of a subvertical fracture or damage zone at depth above the injection interval, which allowed injected Co (sub 2) to migrate upward. Our analysis corroborated previous interpretation of surface uplift as due to the injection of CO (sub 2) in this well. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Zhang, Rui AU - Vasco, Donald AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Harbert, William AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Gupta, Neeraj AU - Nieuwland, Dirk AU - Morris, Joseph Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - SM37 EP - SM46 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - geophysical surveys KW - North Africa KW - uplifts KW - characterization KW - gas storage KW - tight sands KW - observations KW - carbon dioxide KW - SAR KW - quantitative analysis KW - applications KW - interpretation KW - seismic attributes KW - seismic profiles KW - carbon sequestration KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - In Salah Algeria KW - deformation KW - seismic methods KW - fracture zones KW - surveys KW - Africa KW - geophysical profiles KW - InSAR KW - Algeria KW - permeability KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700098244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+a+fracture+zone+using+seismic+attributes+at+the+In+Salah+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+project&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Rui%3BVasco%2C+Donald%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BHarbert%2C+William%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BGupta%2C+Neeraj%3BNieuwland%2C+Dirk%3BMorris%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Rui&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SM37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2014-0141.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. col., sects., 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Algeria; applications; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; characterization; deformation; fracture zones; gas storage; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; In Salah Algeria; InSAR; interpretation; North Africa; observations; permeability; quantitative analysis; radar methods; SAR; seismic attributes; seismic methods; seismic profiles; surveys; three-dimensional models; tight sands; uplifts DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2014-0141.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fitting top seal topography and CO (sub 2) layer thickness to time-lapse seismic amplitude maps at Sleipner AN - 1700098196; 2015-073926 AB - Injected CO (sub 2) at the Sleipner storage site is migrating into several thin layers. Using a tuning relationship, two different layer thicknesses can give the same reflection amplitude, and it is then not possible to go from amplitudes to CO (sub 2) layer thicknesses without further constraints. Exploiting spatial and time-lapse dependencies in the reflection amplitude maps makes it possible to resolve this ambiguity and create layer thickness maps when the CO (sub 2) flow is gravity dominated. The topography of the sealing cap rock was used as an optimization parameter. Tests were done on synthetic data and real data from the Sleipner CO (sub 2) injection. The resulting topography map for the Sleipner case deviated by 5.3 m on average from simple time-depth mapping, which is within the mapping uncertainty. Although the predictive power is limited, outputs of the method can be used to check if the flow matches a gravity-dominated model or if other flow mechanisms are needed to explain the observations. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Kiaer, Anders Fredrik AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Harbert, William AU - Gupta, Neeraj AU - Nieuwland, Dirk AU - Morris, Joseph Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - SM47 EP - SM55 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - geophysical surveys KW - natural gas KW - petroleum KW - mapping KW - gas storage KW - exploitation KW - elastic waves KW - oil and gas fields KW - observations KW - carbon dioxide KW - topography KW - thickness KW - Sleipner Field KW - seismic profiles KW - carbon sequestration KW - geophysical methods KW - equations KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - history KW - gas injection KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - amplitude KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700098196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Fitting+top+seal+topography+and+CO+%28sub+2%29+layer+thickness+to+time-lapse+seismic+amplitude+maps+at+Sleipner&rft.au=Kiaer%2C+Anders+Fredrik%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BHarbert%2C+William%3BGupta%2C+Neeraj%3BNieuwland%2C+Dirk%3BMorris%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Kiaer&rft.aufirst=Anders&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SM47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2014-0127.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; Atlantic Ocean; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; elastic waves; equations; exploitation; gas injection; gas storage; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; history; mapping; models; natural gas; North Atlantic; North Sea; observations; oil and gas fields; petroleum; seismic methods; seismic profiles; Sleipner Field; surveys; thickness; topography DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2014-0127.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface geochemical measurements applied to monitoring, verification, and accounting of leakage from sequestration projects AN - 1700098136; 2015-073923 AB - A detailed study of CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) surface fluxes, shallow soil gas composition, 10-m hole soil gas composition was made at Rangely, Colorado, Teapot Dome, Wyoming, USA, and the results of geochemical verification measurements at Weyburn, Saskatchewan, Canada. Summer and winter soil gas and gas flux measurements were made at Rangely, and winter only at Teapot Dome. The objectives were to determine if leakage of CO (sub 2) and/or CH (sub 4) could be detected in the overpressured Rangely and the underpressured Teapot Dome systems. At Weyburn, the objective was the determination of the presence or absence of an alleged leak. Seasonal surface CO (sub 2) fluxes at Rangely were similar at on-field locations and an off-field control area. Methane fluxes were much higher at on-field locations than in the control area, suggesting a reservoir source. Seasonal differences in CH (sub 4) fluxes suggested methanotrophic oxidation was occurring in the soils. Shallow soil gas concentration measurements of CO (sub 2) were similar at a 100-cm depth, on-field and in the control area. Methane soil gas concentrations were higher on-field than in the control area; summer and winter. These data were used to select locations with and without evidence for seepage allowing nested sampling up to a 10-m depth. More complex chemical and isotopic measurements were made in 10-m holes at Rangely and Teapot Dome. Methanotrophy was operational at the active Rangely and the passive Teapot Dome systems. A small methane leakage rate of 400-700 tonnes year (super -1) and CO (sub 2) of < 170 tonnes year (super -1) were determined at Rangely, and rates near zero at Teapot Dome. Inert gases, carbon-containing gases, as well as isotopic ratios supported the presence of pathways at geochemically anomalous locations at Teapot Dome. Measurements of soil gas and inert gas isotopes in shallow groundwater by other authors at Weyburn, Saskatchewan, found no evidence of leakage. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Klusman, Ronald W AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Harbert, William AU - Gupta, Neeraj AU - Nieuwland, Dirk AU - Morris, Joseph Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - SM1 EP - SM21 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - seepage KW - oil and gas fields KW - nitrogen KW - carbon dioxide KW - underpressure KW - Weyburn Field KW - geochemical anomalies KW - Rangely Colorado KW - geochemistry KW - Teapot Dome KW - monitoring KW - methane KW - carbon sequestration KW - alkanes KW - measurement KW - Wyoming KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - hydrocarbons KW - Western Canada KW - seasonal variations KW - greenhouse gases KW - Rio Blanco County Colorado KW - Colorado KW - soil gases KW - Saskatchewan KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700098136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Surface+geochemical+measurements+applied+to+monitoring%2C+verification%2C+and+accounting+of+leakage+from+sequestration+projects&rft.au=Klusman%2C+Ronald+W%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BHarbert%2C+William%3BGupta%2C+Neeraj%3BNieuwland%2C+Dirk%3BMorris%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Klusman&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SM1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2014-0093.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Canada; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; Colorado; geochemical anomalies; geochemistry; greenhouse gases; hydrocarbons; measurement; methane; monitoring; nitrogen; oil and gas fields; organic compounds; oxygen; Rangely Colorado; Rio Blanco County Colorado; Saskatchewan; seasonal variations; seepage; soil gases; Teapot Dome; underpressure; United States; Western Canada; Weyburn Field; Wyoming DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2014-0093.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rock-physics-based double-difference inversion for CO (sub 2) saturation and porosity at the Cranfield CO (sub 2) injection site AN - 1700097911; 2015-073924 AB - Large-scale subsurface injection of CO (sub 2) has the potential to reduce emissions of atmospheric CO (sub 2) and improve oil recovery. Studying the effects of injected CO (sub 2) on the elastic properties of the saturated reservoir rock can help to improve long-term monitoring effectiveness and accuracy at locations undergoing CO (sub 2) injection. We used two vintages of existing 3D surface seismic data and well logs to probabilistically invert for the CO (sub 2) saturation and porosity at the Cranfield reservoir using a double-difference approach. The first step of this work was to calibrate the rock-physics model to the well-log data. Next, the baseline and time-lapse seismic data sets were inverted for acoustic impedance CO (sub 2) using a high-resolution basis pursuit inversion technique. The reservoir porosity was derived statistically from the rock-physics model based on the CO (sub 2) estimates inverted from the baseline survey. The porosity estimates were used in the double-difference routine as the fixed initial model from which CO (sub 2) saturation was then estimated from the time-lapse CO (sub 2) data. Porosity was assumed to remain constant between survey vintages; therefore, the changes between the baseline and time-lapse CO (sub 2) data may be inverted for CO (sub 2) saturation from the injection activities using the calibrated rock-physics model. Comparisons of inverted and measured porosity from well logs indicated quite accurate results. Estimates of CO (sub 2) saturation found less accuracy than the porosity estimates. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Carter, Russell W AU - Spikes, Kyle T AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Harbert, William AU - Gupta, Neeraj AU - Nieuwland, Dirk AU - Morris, Joseph Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - SM23 EP - SM35 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - Cretaceous KW - siliciclastics KW - petroleum KW - production KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - Adams County Mississippi KW - Cranfield Mississippi KW - Tuscaloosa Formation KW - North America KW - double-difference method KW - carbon sequestration KW - well logs KW - Mississippi KW - inverse problem KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - models KW - history KW - gas injection KW - saturation KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700097911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Rock-physics-based+double-difference+inversion+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+saturation+and+porosity+at+the+Cranfield+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+site&rft.au=Carter%2C+Russell+W%3BSpikes%2C+Kyle+T%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BHarbert%2C+William%3BGupta%2C+Neeraj%3BNieuwland%2C+Dirk%3BMorris%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SM23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2014-0123.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams County Mississippi; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; Cranfield Mississippi; Cretaceous; double-difference method; gas injection; Gulf Coastal Plain; history; inverse problem; Mesozoic; Mississippi; models; North America; petroleum; porosity; production; reservoir rocks; saturation; siliciclastics; Tuscaloosa Formation; United States; Upper Cretaceous; well logs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2014-0123.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Darkening of Mercury's surface by cometary carbon AN - 1692747587; 2015-061872 JF - Nature Geoscience AU - Syal, Megan Bruck AU - Schultz, Peter H AU - Riner, Miriam A Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 352 EP - 356 PB - Nature Publishing Group, London VL - 8 IS - 5 SN - 1752-0894, 1752-0894 KW - surface properties KW - iron minerals KW - Moon KW - cosmochemistry KW - X-ray spectra KW - weathering KW - terrestrial planets KW - brightness KW - planets KW - micrometeorites KW - meteorites KW - space weathering KW - comets KW - metals KW - carbon KW - Mercury Planet KW - spectra KW - MESSENGER Mission KW - geochemistry KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692747587?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Geoscience&rft.atitle=Darkening+of+Mercury%27s+surface+by+cometary+carbon&rft.au=Syal%2C+Megan+Bruck%3BSchultz%2C+Peter+H%3BRiner%2C+Miriam+A&rft.aulast=Syal&rft.aufirst=Megan&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Geoscience&rft.issn=17520894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2FNGEO2397 L2 - http://www.nature.com/ngeo/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brightness; carbon; comets; cosmochemistry; geochemistry; iron minerals; Mercury Planet; MESSENGER Mission; metals; meteorites; micrometeorites; Moon; planets; space weathering; spectra; surface properties; terrestrial planets; weathering; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/NGEO2397 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crustal and uppermost mantle structure in the Middle East; assessing constraints provided by jointly modelling Ps and Sp receiver functions and Rayleigh wave group velocity dispersion curves AN - 1692742569; 2015-060505 AB - Seismic velocity models are found, along with uncertainty estimates, for 11 sites in the Middle East by jointly modeling Ps and Sp receiver functions and surface (Rayleigh) wave group velocity dispersion. The approach performs a search for models that satisfy goodness-of-fit criteria guided by a variant of simulated annealing and uses statistical tools to assess these products of searches. These tools, a parameter correlation matrix and marginal posterior probability density (PPD) function, allow us to evaluate quantitatively the constraints that each data type imposes on model parameters and to identify portions of each model that are well-constrained relative to other portions. This joint modelling technique, which we call "multi-objective optimization for seismology", does not require a good starting solution, although such a model can be incorporated easily, if available, and can reduce the computation time significantly. Applying the process described above to broadband seismic data reveals that crustal thickness varies from 15 km beneath Djibouti (station ATD) to 45 km beneath Saudi Arabia (station RAYN). A pronounced low velocity zone for both V (sub p) and V (sub s) is present at a depth of approximately 12 km beneath station KIV located in northern part of Greater Caucasus, which may be due to the presence of a relatively young volcano. Similarly, we also noticed a 6-km-thick low velocity zone for V (sub p) beginning at 20 km depth beneath seismic station AGIN, on the Anatolian Plateau, while positive velocity gradients prevail elsewhere in eastern Turkey. Beneath station CSS, located in Cyprus, an anomalously slow layer is found in the uppermost mantle, which may indicate the presence of altered lithospheric material. Crustal P- and S-wave velocities beneath station D2, located in the northeastern portion of central Zagros, range between 5.2-6.2 and 3.2-3.8 km s (super -1) , respectively. In Oman, we find a Moho depth of 34.0 + or - 1.0 km and 25.0 + or - 1.0 to 30.0 + or - 1.0 km beneath stations S02 and S04, respectively. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Agrawal, Mohit AU - Pulliam, Jay AU - Sen, Mrinal K AU - Dutta, Utpal AU - Pasyanos, Michael E AU - Mellors, Robert Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 783 EP - 810 PB - Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 201 IS - 2 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - P-waves KW - Saudi Arabia KW - receiver functions KW - East Africa KW - mantle KW - elastic waves KW - low-velocity zones KW - attenuation KW - surface waves KW - seismicity KW - Cyprus KW - velocity KW - thickness KW - probability KW - algorithms KW - Djibouti KW - Asia KW - uncertainty KW - Middle East KW - upper mantle KW - body waves KW - time series analysis KW - guided waves KW - lithosphere KW - Oman KW - statistical analysis KW - Rayleigh waves KW - Mohorovicic discontinuity KW - models KW - Arabian Peninsula KW - velocity structure KW - Africa KW - seismic waves KW - seismic networks KW - earthquakes KW - S-waves KW - crust KW - 19:Seismology KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692742569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=Crustal+and+uppermost+mantle+structure+in+the+Middle+East%3B+assessing+constraints+provided+by+jointly+modelling+Ps+and+Sp+receiver+functions+and+Rayleigh+wave+group+velocity+dispersion+curves&rft.au=Agrawal%2C+Mohit%3BPulliam%2C+Jay%3BSen%2C+Mrinal+K%3BDutta%2C+Utpal%3BPasyanos%2C+Michael+E%3BMellors%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Agrawal&rft.aufirst=Mohit&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=201&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=783&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fgji%2Fggv050 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 107 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; algorithms; Arabian Peninsula; Asia; attenuation; body waves; crust; Cyprus; Djibouti; earthquakes; East Africa; elastic waves; guided waves; lithosphere; low-velocity zones; mantle; Middle East; models; Mohorovicic discontinuity; Oman; P-waves; probability; Rayleigh waves; receiver functions; S-waves; Saudi Arabia; seismic networks; seismic waves; seismicity; statistical analysis; surface waves; thickness; time series analysis; uncertainty; upper mantle; velocity; velocity structure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv050 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical tagging of chlorinated phenols for their facile detection and analysis by NMR spectroscopy. AN - 1674959004; 25796530 AB - A derivatization method that employs diethyl (bromodifluoromethyl) phosphonate (DBDFP) to efficiently tag the endocrine disruptor pentachlorophenol (PCP) and other chlorinated phenols (CPs) along with their reliable detection and analysis by NMR is presented. The method accomplishes the efficient alkylation of the hydroxyl group in CPs with the difluoromethyl (CF2H) moiety in extremely rapid fashion (5 min), at room temperature and in an environmentally benign manner. The approach proved successful in difluoromethylating a panel of 18 chlorinated phenols, yielding derivatives that displayed unique (1)H, (19)F, and (13)C NMR spectra allowing for the clear discrimination between isomerically related CPs. Due to its biphasic nature, the derivatization can be applied to both aqueous and organic mixtures where the analysis of CPs is required. Furthermore, the methodology demonstrates that PCP along with other CPs can be selectively derivatized in the presence of other various aliphatic alcohols, underscoring the superiority of the approach over other general derivatization methods that indiscriminately modify all analytes in a given sample. The present work demonstrates the first application of NMR on the qualitative analysis of these highly toxic and environmentally persistent species. JF - Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry AU - Valdez, Carlos A AU - Leif, Roald N AD - Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, L-091, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA, valdez11@llnl.gov. Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 3539 EP - 3543 VL - 407 IS - 13 KW - Chlorophenols KW - 0 KW - Endocrine Disruptors KW - Fluorine Radioisotopes KW - 4-chlorophenol KW - 3DLC36A01X KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Fluorine Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Isotope Labeling -- methods KW - Fluorine Radioisotopes -- chemistry KW - Chlorophenols -- analysis KW - Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy -- methods KW - Chlorophenols -- chemistry KW - Endocrine Disruptors -- analysis KW - Endocrine Disruptors -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1674959004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+and+bioanalytical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Chemical+tagging+of+chlorinated+phenols+for+their+facile+detection+and+analysis+by+NMR+spectroscopy.&rft.au=Valdez%2C+Carlos+A%3BLeif%2C+Roald+N&rft.aulast=Valdez&rft.aufirst=Carlos&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=407&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=3539&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+and+bioanalytical+chemistry&rft.issn=1618-2650&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00216-015-8625-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-01-07 N1 - Date created - 2015-04-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-015-8625-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Location of high-frequency P wave microseismic noise in the Pacific Ocean using multiple small aperture arrays AN - 1873351286; 2017-014840 AB - We investigate source locations of P wave microseisms within a narrow frequency band (0.67-1.33 Hz) that is significantly higher than the classic microseism band ( approximately 0.05-0.3 Hz). Employing a backprojection method, we analyze data recorded during January 2010 from five International Monitoring System arrays that border the Pacific Ocean. We develop a ranking scheme that allows us to combine beam power from multiple arrays to obtain robust locations of the microseisms. Some individual arrays exhibit a strong regional component, but results from the combination of all arrays show high-frequency P wave energy emanating from the North Pacific basin, in general agreement with previous observations in the double-frequency (DF) microseism band ( approximately 0.1-0.3 Hz). This suggests that the North Pacific source of ambient P noise covers a broad range of frequencies and that the wave-wave interaction model is likely valid at shorter periods. Abstract Copyright (2015). American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Pyle, Moira L AU - Koper, Keith D AU - Euler, Garrett G AU - Burlacu, Relu Y1 - 2015/04/28/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 28 SP - 2700 EP - 2708 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 42 IS - 8 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - oceanic crust KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - monitoring KW - lithosphere KW - Pacific region KW - oceanic lithosphere KW - elastic waves KW - noise KW - Pacific Basin KW - Pacific Ocean KW - microseisms KW - Circum-Pacific region KW - seismic waves KW - crust KW - arrays KW - 19:Seismology KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873351286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Location+of+high-frequency+P+wave+microseismic+noise+in+the+Pacific+Ocean+using+multiple+small+aperture+arrays&rft.au=Pyle%2C+Moira+L%3BKoper%2C+Keith+D%3BEuler%2C+Garrett+G%3BBurlacu%2C+Relu&rft.aulast=Pyle&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft.date=2015-04-28&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2700&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL063530 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291944-8007/issues LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arrays; body waves; Circum-Pacific region; crust; elastic waves; lithosphere; microseisms; monitoring; noise; oceanic crust; oceanic lithosphere; P-waves; Pacific Basin; Pacific Ocean; Pacific region; seismic waves DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063530 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Location of high-frequency P wave microseismic noise in the Pacific Ocean using multiple small aperture arrays AN - 1832610427; 742165-18 AB - We investigate source locations of P wave microseisms within a narrow frequency band (0.67-1.33 Hz) that is significantly higher than the classic microseism band ( nearly equal 0.05-0.3 Hz). Employing a backprojection method, we analyze data recorded during January 2010 from five International Monitoring System arrays that border the Pacific Ocean. We develop a ranking scheme that allows us to combine beam power from multiple arrays to obtain robust locations of the microseisms. Some individual arrays exhibit a strong regional component, but results from the combination of all arrays show high-frequency P wave energy emanating from the North Pacific basin, in general agreement with previous observations in the double-frequency (DF) microseism band ( nearly equal 0.1-0.3 Hz). This suggests that the North Pacific source of ambient P noise covers a broad range of frequencies and that the wave-wave interaction model is likely valid at shorter periods. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Pyle, Moira L AU - Koper, Keith D AU - Euler, Garrett G AU - Burlacu, Relu Y1 - 2015/04/28/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 28 SP - 2700 EP - 2708 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 42 IS - 8 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - oceanic crust KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - monitoring KW - lithosphere KW - Pacific region KW - oceanic lithosphere KW - elastic waves KW - noise KW - Pacific Basin KW - Pacific Ocean KW - microseisms KW - Circum-Pacific region KW - seismic waves KW - crust KW - arrays KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832610427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Location+of+high-frequency+P+wave+microseismic+noise+in+the+Pacific+Ocean+using+multiple+small+aperture+arrays&rft.au=Pyle%2C+Moira+L%3BKoper%2C+Keith+D%3BEuler%2C+Garrett+G%3BBurlacu%2C+Relu&rft.aulast=Pyle&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft.date=2015-04-28&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2700&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL063530 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291944-8007/issues LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arrays; body waves; Circum-Pacific region; crust; elastic waves; lithosphere; microseisms; monitoring; noise; oceanic crust; oceanic lithosphere; P-waves; Pacific Basin; Pacific Ocean; Pacific region; seismic waves DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063530 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prebiotic hydrocarbon synthesis in impacting reduced astrophysical icy mixtures AN - 1832624078; 741333-44 AB - We present results of prebiotic organic synthesis in shock-compressed reducing mixtures of simple ices from quantum molecular dynamics simulations extended to close to chemical equilibrium timescales. Given the relative abundance of carbon in reduced forms in astrophysical ices as well as the tendency of these mixtures to form complex hydrocarbons under the presence of external stimuli, it is possible that cometary impacts on a planetary surface could have yielded a larger array of prebiotic organic compounds than previously investigated. We find that the high pressures and temperatures due to shock compression yield a large assortment of carbon- and nitrogen-bonded extended structures that are highly reactive with short molecular lifetimes. Expansion and cooling causes these materials to break apart and form a wide variety of stable, potentially life-building compounds, including long-chain linear and branched hydrocarbons, large heterocyclic compounds, and a variety of different amines and exotic amino acids. Our results help provide a bottom-up understanding of hydrocarbon impact synthesis on the early Earth and its role in producing life-building molecules from simple starting materials. Copyright (Copyright) 2015. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. JF - The Astrophysical Journal AU - Koziol, Lucas AU - Goldman, Nir Y1 - 2015/04/20/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 20 EP - Paper no. 91 PB - IOP Publishing for American Astronomical Society, Bristol VL - 803 IS - 2 SN - 0004-637X, 0004-637X KW - expansion KW - prebiotic chemistry KW - astrobiology KW - bonding KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - nitrogen KW - amines KW - ice KW - carbon KW - amino acids KW - cooling KW - hydrogen cyanide KW - molecular dynamics KW - thermodynamic properties KW - synthesis KW - compression KW - shock waves KW - pressure KW - condensation KW - glycine KW - metamorphism KW - high pressure KW - equilibrium KW - planets KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - hydrocarbons KW - peptides KW - proteins KW - shock metamorphism KW - high temperature KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832624078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.atitle=Prebiotic+hydrocarbon+synthesis+in+impacting+reduced+astrophysical+icy+mixtures&rft.au=Koziol%2C+Lucas%3BGoldman%2C+Nir&rft.aulast=Koziol&rft.aufirst=Lucas&rft.date=2015-04-20&rft.volume=803&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.issn=0004637X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F803%2F2%2F91 L2 - http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by IOP Publishing Ltd., London, United Kingdom N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amines; amino acids; astrobiology; bonding; carbon; compression; condensation; cooling; equilibrium; expansion; glycine; high pressure; high temperature; hydrocarbons; hydrogen cyanide; ice; metamorphism; molecular dynamics; nitrogen; organic acids; organic compounds; peptides; planets; prebiotic chemistry; pressure; proteins; shock metamorphism; shock waves; simulation; synthesis; temperature; thermodynamic properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/803/2/91 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paleotemperatures at the lunar surfaces from open system behavior of cosmogenic (super 38) Ar and radiogenic (super 40) Ar AN - 1680752911; 2015-041796 AB - The simultaneous diffusion of both cosmogenic (super 38) Ar and radiogenic (super 40) Ar from solid phases is controlled by the thermal conditions of rocks while residing near planetary surfaces. Combined observations of (super 38) Ar/ (super 37) Ar and (super 40) Ar/ (super 39) Ar ratios during stepwise degassing analyses of neutron-irradiated Apollo samples can distinguish between diffusive loss of Ar due to solar heating of the rocks and that associated with elevated temperatures during or following impact events; the data provide quantitative constraints on the durations and temperatures of each process. From sequentially degassed (super 38) Ar/ (super 37) Ar ratios can be calculated a spectrum of apparent (super 38) Ar exposure ages versus the cumulative release fraction of (super 37) Ar, which is particularly sensitive to conditions at the lunar surface typically over approximately 10 (super 6) -10 (super 8) year timescales. Due to variable proportions of K- and Ca-bearing glass, plagioclase and pyroxene, with variability in the grain sizes of these phases, each sample will have distinct sensitivity to, and therefore different resolving power on, past near-surface thermal conditions. We present the underlying assumptions, and the analytical and numerical methods used to quantify the Ar diffusion kinetics in multi-phase whole-rock analyses that provide these constraints. For Apollo 15 samples 15016, 15556, and 15596 we find apparent (super 40) Ar/ (super 39) Ar plateau ages between 3.21 and 3.28 Ga and evidence for diffusive loss of radiogenic (super 40) Ar primarily from K-bearing glass. From (super 38) Ar/ (super 37) Ar spectra normalized to the apparent Ca/K ratios, we also find evidence of diffusive loss of cosmogenic (super 38) Ar that requires elevated temperatures either during or after surface exposure. Using (super 39) Ar and (super 37) Ar, we construct multiple-phase-multiple diffusion domain (MP-MDD) models to quantify the diffusion kinetics of Ar from a range of macroscopic grain sizes of each phase. While diffusive loss of (super 40) Ar can be explained by brief reheating conditions after crystallization (e.g., during an impact event), we find that both the radiogenic (super 40) Ar and cosmogenic (super 38) Ar abundances can be explained by internally consistent thermal conditions expected for solar heating of the rocks at the lunar surface. These conditions correspond to effective diffusion temperatures (EDT, i.e., the temperature corresponding to the mean diffusivity over temperature variability) between 65 and 81 degrees C, with an error-weighted mean of 77.0 + or - 1.3 degrees C, despite differences in diffusion kinetics and large differences in surface exposure duration between the three samples ( approximately 56-621 Ma). This EDT corresponds to a maximum daytime temperature of approximately 96 degrees C, which is in excellent agreement direct measurements of temperature at the Apollo 15 landing site. The open system behavior in both a radiogenic and a cosmogenic nuclide provides tests for internal consistency in best-fitting solutions of time-integrated thermal conditions of rocks collected from planetary surfaces. This thermal information is important for the study of habitable conditions at planetary surfaces, and has implications for Ar-based geochronology and paleomagnetic observations applied to planetary materials. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Shuster, David L AU - Cassata, William S Y1 - 2015/04/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 15 SP - 154 EP - 171 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 155 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - isotopes KW - magnetization KW - cosmogenic elements KW - Apollo Program KW - Ar-38 KW - thermal history KW - stable isotopes KW - electron probe data KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Ar-40 KW - remanent magnetization KW - dates KW - paleotemperature KW - noble gases KW - absolute age KW - satellites KW - rocks KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - Ar/Ar KW - Moon KW - paleomagnetism KW - cosmochemistry KW - argon KW - models KW - lunar samples KW - mathematical methods KW - Apollo 15 KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680752911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Paleotemperatures+at+the+lunar+surfaces+from+open+system+behavior+of+cosmogenic+%28super+38%29+Ar+and+radiogenic+%28super+40%29+Ar&rft.au=Shuster%2C+David+L%3BCassata%2C+William+S&rft.aulast=Shuster&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2015-04-15&rft.volume=155&rft.issue=&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.01.037 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 69 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Apollo 15; Apollo Program; Ar-38; Ar-40; Ar/Ar; argon; cosmochemistry; cosmogenic elements; dates; electron probe data; geochemistry; isotopes; kinetics; lunar samples; magnetization; mathematical methods; models; Moon; noble gases; paleomagnetism; paleotemperature; radioactive isotopes; remanent magnetization; rocks; satellites; stable isotopes; thermal history DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.01.037 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Hybrid Geo-Energy Systems for Energy Storage and Dispatchable Renewable and Low-Carbon Electricity T2 - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AN - 1684399024; 6345173 JF - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AU - Buscheck, Thomas AU - Bielicki, Jeffrey AU - Ogland-Hand, Jonathan AU - Hao, Yue AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Randolph, Jimmy AU - Saar, Martin Y1 - 2015/04/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 12 KW - Storage KW - Hybrids KW - Energy KW - Energy storage KW - Electricity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684399024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.atitle=Hybrid+Geo-Energy+Systems+for+Energy+Storage+and+Dispatchable+Renewable+and+Low-Carbon+Electricity&rft.au=Buscheck%2C+Thomas%3BBielicki%2C+Jeffrey%3BOgland-Hand%2C+Jonathan%3BHao%2C+Yue%3BSun%2C+Yunwei%3BRandolph%2C+Jimmy%3BSaar%2C+Martin&rft.aulast=Buscheck&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2015-04-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/egu2015/meetingprogramme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rates of mineral dissolution under CO (sub 2) storage conditions AN - 1676589943; 2015-039914 AB - Evaluating the potential of a sedimentary basin reservoir to securely store CO (sub 2) benefits from a comprehensive understanding of the geochemical reactions that take place once CO (sub 2) is injected into a formation. In particular, models that predict the transport and reaction of CO (sub 2) within a reservoir require a definition of the types of reactions affected by enhanced levels of CO (sub 2) and how the kinetics of these reactions will affect a heterogeneous mineralogy and formation waters within a reservoir over time. In this review we evaluate rate models used to describe mineral dissolution kinetics and compare the range in values reported for the kinetic parameters used to describe the reactivity of various minerals relevant to mainly siliciclastic reservoirs. Parameters that have a significant impact on model results include the reactive surface area of a mineral, the apparent activation energies used to extrapolate reaction rates to the temperatures of potential storage reservoirs (c. 50-125 degrees C) and the in-situ pH of formation waters with elevated concentrations of dissolved CO (sub 2) . The variation in reported values for these parameters can lead to predicted rates that span many orders of magnitude for a given mineral. Despite these uncertainties recent success with geochemical models has been made by applying a Monte Carlo approach to optimise the kinetic parameters for minerals where robust thermodynamic and kinetic data do not exist. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Black, Jay R AU - Carroll, Susan A AU - Haese, Ralf R Y1 - 2015/04/02/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 02 SP - 134 EP - 144 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 399 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - silicates KW - sedimentary basins KW - gas storage KW - solution KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - activation energy KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chemical reactions KW - basins KW - mineral assemblages KW - kinetics KW - uncertainty KW - pH KW - carbon sequestration KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - solubility KW - clay minerals KW - models KW - gas injection KW - mathematical methods KW - sheet silicates KW - crystal chemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676589943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Rates+of+mineral+dissolution+under+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+conditions&rft.au=Black%2C+Jay+R%3BCarroll%2C+Susan+A%3BHaese%2C+Ralf+R&rft.aulast=Black&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft.date=2015-04-02&rft.volume=399&rft.issue=&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2014.09.020 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 133 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activation energy; basins; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical reactions; clay minerals; crystal chemistry; gas injection; gas storage; kinetics; mathematical methods; mineral assemblages; models; Monte Carlo analysis; pH; prediction; sedimentary basins; sedimentary rocks; sheet silicates; silicates; solubility; solution; statistical analysis; temperature; uncertainty DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.09.020 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved detection and location of microseismicity during the 2005 Habanero EGS stimulation in the Cooper Basin of South Australia AN - 1812218388; 2016-068493 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Templeton, D C AU - Johannesson, G AU - Pyle, M AU - Matzel, E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 724 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - Cooper Basin KW - Australasia KW - seismicity KW - signal-to-noise ratio KW - Australia KW - South Australia KW - microearthquakes KW - induced earthquakes KW - earthquakes KW - arrays KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812218388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Improved+detection+and+location+of+microseismicity+during+the+2005+Habanero+EGS+stimulation+in+the+Cooper+Basin+of+South+Australia&rft.au=Templeton%2C+D+C%3BJohannesson%2C+G%3BPyle%2C+M%3BMatzel%2C+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Templeton&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=724&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arrays; Australasia; Australia; Cooper Basin; earthquakes; induced earthquakes; microearthquakes; seismicity; signal-to-noise ratio; South Australia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paleoseismic speed dating; pushing the limits on dating earthquakes and re-thinking inputs used in OxCal age models AN - 1812211002; 2016-068124 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Streig, A R AU - Weldon, Ray AU - Dawson, Timothy E AU - Gavin, D AU - Guilderson, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 649 EP - 650 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - technology KW - paleoseismicity KW - Quaternary KW - geologic hazards KW - isotopes KW - Holocene KW - models KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - radioactive isotopes KW - San Francisco Bay region KW - carbon KW - seismic risk KW - natural hazards KW - risk assessment KW - C-14 KW - earthquakes KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812211002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Paleoseismic+speed+dating%3B+pushing+the+limits+on+dating+earthquakes+and+re-thinking+inputs+used+in+OxCal+age+models&rft.au=Streig%2C+A+R%3BWeldon%2C+Ray%3BDawson%2C+Timothy+E%3BGavin%2C+D%3BGuilderson%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Streig&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=649&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-14; California; carbon; Cenozoic; earthquakes; geologic hazards; Holocene; isotopes; models; natural hazards; paleoseismicity; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; risk assessment; San Francisco Bay region; seismic risk; technology; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The importance of incorporating a variable Q model in the ground motion prediction equations AN - 1812210547; 2016-068137 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Pasyanos, M E AU - Pitarka, A AU - Baltay, A S AU - Abrahamson, N A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 652 EP - 653 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - geologic hazards KW - seismic response KW - models KW - California KW - Napa earthquake 2014 KW - Q KW - seismicity KW - earthquake prediction KW - seismic risk KW - natural hazards KW - ground motion KW - anelasticity KW - risk assessment KW - algorithms KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812210547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=The+importance+of+incorporating+a+variable+Q+model+in+the+ground+motion+prediction+equations&rft.au=Pasyanos%2C+M+E%3BPitarka%2C+A%3BBaltay%2C+A+S%3BAbrahamson%2C+N+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pasyanos&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=652&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; anelasticity; California; earthquake prediction; earthquakes; geologic hazards; ground motion; models; Napa earthquake 2014; natural hazards; Q; risk assessment; seismic response; seismic risk; seismicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional attenuation of southern Nevada using multiphase inversion AN - 1807509580; 2016-066461 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Pyle, M AU - Walter, W R AU - Pasyanos, M E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 614 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - discriminant analysis KW - explosions KW - chemical explosions KW - statistical analysis KW - elastic waves KW - Rock Valley KW - attenuation KW - southern Nevada KW - seismicity KW - nuclear explosions KW - Nevada KW - amplitude KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Regional+attenuation+of+southern+Nevada+using+multiphase+inversion&rft.au=Pyle%2C+M%3BWalter%2C+W+R%3BPasyanos%2C+M+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pyle&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=614&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; attenuation; chemical explosions; discriminant analysis; elastic waves; explosions; Nevada; nuclear explosions; Rock Valley; seismicity; southern Nevada; statistical analysis; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Southern California earthquake scaling from stable event ratio levels AN - 1807509577; 2016-066397 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Mayeda, K AU - Walter, W R AU - Yoo, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 600 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - stress drops KW - guided waves KW - seismic moment KW - coda waves KW - elastic waves KW - frequency KW - California KW - surface waves KW - Southern California KW - seismicity KW - seismic waves KW - seismic networks KW - earthquakes KW - uncertainty KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Southern+California+earthquake+scaling+from+stable+event+ratio+levels&rft.au=Mayeda%2C+K%3BWalter%2C+W+R%3BYoo%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mayeda&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=600&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; coda waves; earthquakes; elastic waves; frequency; guided waves; seismic moment; seismic networks; seismic waves; seismicity; Southern California; stress drops; surface waves; uncertainty; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground-motion simulations of 3-D basin effects for aftershocks from the 2014 South Napa earthquake AN - 1807509452; 2016-066382 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Aagaard, B T AU - Rodgers, A J AU - Pitarka, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 597 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - California KW - aftershocks KW - San Francisco Bay region KW - three-dimensional models KW - seismicity KW - magnitude KW - ground motion KW - South Napa earthquake 2014 KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Ground-motion+simulations+of+3-D+basin+effects+for+aftershocks+from+the+2014+South+Napa+earthquake&rft.au=Aagaard%2C+B+T%3BRodgers%2C+A+J%3BPitarka%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Aagaard&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aftershocks; California; earthquakes; ground motion; magnitude; San Francisco Bay region; seismicity; South Napa earthquake 2014; three-dimensional models; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground motion simulation in Azerbaijan AN - 1807509163; 2016-066442 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Gok, R AU - Pitarka, A AU - Kazimova, S AU - Yetirmishli, G G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 610 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - technology KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - seismicity KW - magnitude KW - ground motion KW - Europe KW - simulation KW - earthquakes KW - Azerbaijan KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Ground+motion+simulation+in+Azerbaijan&rft.au=Gok%2C+R%3BPitarka%2C+A%3BKazimova%2C+S%3BYetirmishli%2C+G+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gok&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=610&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Azerbaijan; Commonwealth of Independent States; earthquakes; Europe; ground motion; magnitude; seismicity; simulation; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical investigation of the impact of the geological and geomechanical properties on the seismo-acoustic responses of underground explosions AN - 1807509090; 2016-066426 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Ezzedine, S M AU - Vorobiev, V Y AU - Rodgers, A J AU - Pitarka, A AU - Glenn, L A AU - Antoun, T H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 606 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - numerical models KW - underground space KW - explosions KW - mechanical properties KW - elastic waves KW - simulation KW - seismic response KW - rock mechanics KW - seismicity KW - sensitivity analysis KW - seismic waves KW - acoustical waves KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Numerical+investigation+of+the+impact+of+the+geological+and+geomechanical+properties+on+the+seismo-acoustic+responses+of+underground+explosions&rft.au=Ezzedine%2C+S+M%3BVorobiev%2C+V+Y%3BRodgers%2C+A+J%3BPitarka%2C+A%3BGlenn%2C+L+A%3BAntoun%2C+T+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ezzedine&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=606&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical waves; elastic waves; explosions; mechanical properties; numerical models; rock mechanics; seismic response; seismic waves; seismicity; sensitivity analysis; simulation; underground space ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparisons of kinematic rupture models generated with an aspereity modeling technique and GP2014 method AN - 1807509081; 2016-066485 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Pitarka, A AU - Graves, R AU - Somerville, Paul AU - Irikura, K AU - Miyake, H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 619 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - technology KW - Far East KW - three-dimensional models KW - asperities KW - slip rates KW - Green function KW - models KW - California KW - kinematics KW - rupture KW - Southern California KW - seismicity KW - Asia KW - earthquakes KW - Japan KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Comparisons+of+kinematic+rupture+models+generated+with+an+aspereity+modeling+technique+and+GP2014+method&rft.au=Pitarka%2C+A%3BGraves%2C+R%3BSomerville%2C+Paul%3BIrikura%2C+K%3BMiyake%2C+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pitarka&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; asperities; California; earthquakes; Far East; Green function; Japan; kinematics; models; rupture; seismicity; slip rates; Southern California; technology; three-dimensional models; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis of geologic and historical seismic data from nuclear and chemical explosions to characterize the source physics experiment dry alluvium geology site AN - 1807508802; 2016-066452 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Rodgers, A J AU - Wagoner, J AU - Pitarka, A AU - Helmberger, Donald V AU - Harben, P AU - Prothro, L B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 612 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - three-dimensional models KW - explosions KW - chemical explosions KW - Nevada Test Site KW - boreholes KW - seismicity KW - ground motion KW - Yucca Flat KW - nuclear explosions KW - earthquakes KW - Nevada KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Synthesis+of+geologic+and+historical+seismic+data+from+nuclear+and+chemical+explosions+to+characterize+the+source+physics+experiment+dry+alluvium+geology+site&rft.au=Rodgers%2C+A+J%3BWagoner%2C+J%3BPitarka%2C+A%3BHelmberger%2C+Donald+V%3BHarben%2C+P%3BProthro%2C+L+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rodgers&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=612&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; chemical explosions; earthquakes; experimental studies; explosions; ground motion; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; nuclear explosions; seismicity; three-dimensional models; United States; Yucca Flat ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing path-dependent uncertainty estimates for use with the regional seismic travel time (Rstt) model AN - 1807508742; 2016-066587 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Begnaud, M L AU - Anderson, D N AU - Phillips, W S AU - Myers, S C AU - Ballard, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 640 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - tomography KW - models KW - seismicity KW - traveltime KW - elastic waves KW - uncertainty KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Developing+path-dependent+uncertainty+estimates+for+use+with+the+regional+seismic+travel+time+%28Rstt%29+model&rft.au=Begnaud%2C+M+L%3BAnderson%2C+D+N%3BPhillips%2C+W+S%3BMyers%2C+S+C%3BBallard%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Begnaud&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=640&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - elastic waves; models; seismicity; tomography; traveltime; uncertainty ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigating geothermal systems using virtual seismometers AN - 1807508732; 2016-066593 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Matzel, E AU - Morency, C AU - Templeton, D AU - Pyle, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 641 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - technology KW - monitoring KW - Green function KW - seismographs KW - interferometry KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - geothermal systems KW - seismicity KW - microearthquakes KW - earthquakes KW - instruments KW - 19:Seismology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Investigating+geothermal+systems+using+virtual+seismometers&rft.au=Matzel%2C+E%3BMorency%2C+C%3BTempleton%2C+D%3BPyle%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Matzel&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - earthquakes; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal systems; Green function; instruments; interferometry; microearthquakes; monitoring; seismicity; seismographs; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of geomechanical properties anisotropy on the near-field and the far-field seismic responses due to underground explosions AN - 1807508636; 2016-066423 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Vorobiev, O Y AU - Ezzedine, S M AU - Antoun, T H AU - Glenn, L A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 606 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - soil mechanics KW - Nevada Test Site KW - underground space KW - seismicity KW - explosions KW - effects KW - simulation KW - seismic response KW - Nevada KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Effect+of+geomechanical+properties+anisotropy+on+the+near-field+and+the+far-field+seismic+responses+due+to+underground+explosions&rft.au=Vorobiev%2C+O+Y%3BEzzedine%2C+S+M%3BAntoun%2C+T+H%3BGlenn%2C+L+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vorobiev&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=606&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - effects; explosions; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; seismic response; seismicity; simulation; soil mechanics; underground space; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity analysis of the far-field motion from the SPE3 underground chemical explosion AN - 1807508548; 2016-066460 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Pitarka, A AU - Ezzedine, S M AU - Vorobiev, O Y AU - Antoun, T H AU - Glenn, L A AU - Mellors, R J AU - Walter, W R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 613 EP - 614 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - Nevada Test Site KW - underground cavities KW - seismicity KW - explosions KW - sensitivity analysis KW - chemical explosions KW - ground motion KW - simulation KW - earthquakes KW - Nevada KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+analysis+of+the+far-field+motion+from+the+SPE3+underground+chemical+explosion&rft.au=Pitarka%2C+A%3BEzzedine%2C+S+M%3BVorobiev%2C+O+Y%3BAntoun%2C+T+H%3BGlenn%2C+L+A%3BMellors%2C+R+J%3BWalter%2C+W+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pitarka&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=613&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical explosions; earthquakes; explosions; ground motion; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; seismicity; sensitivity analysis; simulation; underground cavities; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional ground motion simulations of the 2014 South Napa earthquake using the USGS geologic/seismic model and various source models AN - 1807508535; 2016-066381 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Rogers, A J AU - Pitarka, A AU - Dreger, D S AU - Aagaard, B T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 597 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - California KW - three-dimensional models KW - magnitude KW - ground motion KW - South Napa earthquake 2014 KW - tectonics KW - simulation KW - earthquakes KW - seismotectonics KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+ground+motion+simulations+of+the+2014+South+Napa+earthquake+using+the+USGS+geologic%2Fseismic+model+and+various+source+models&rft.au=Rogers%2C+A+J%3BPitarka%2C+A%3BDreger%2C+D+S%3BAagaard%2C+B+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; earthquakes; ground motion; magnitude; seismotectonics; simulation; South Napa earthquake 2014; tectonics; three-dimensional models; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinematic rupture characterization for ground motion simulation of shallow crustal earthquakes AN - 1807508503; 2016-066480 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Graves, R W AU - Pitarka, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 617 EP - 618 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - kinematics KW - rupture KW - seismicity KW - shallow-focus earthquakes KW - statistical analysis KW - ground motion KW - simulation KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Kinematic+rupture+characterization+for+ground+motion+simulation+of+shallow+crustal+earthquakes&rft.au=Graves%2C+R+W%3BPitarka%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Graves&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=617&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - earthquakes; ground motion; kinematics; rupture; seismicity; shallow-focus earthquakes; simulation; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of 3D heterogeneity on regional moment tensor source-type discrimination AN - 1807508435; 2016-066455 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Chiang, A AU - Dreger, D S AU - Pitarka, A AU - Ford, Sean R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 612 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - technology KW - discriminant analysis KW - three-dimensional models KW - explosions KW - statistical analysis KW - Green function KW - seismic sources KW - moment tensors KW - seismicity KW - ground motion KW - heterogeneity KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+3D+heterogeneity+on+regional+moment+tensor+source-type+discrimination&rft.au=Chiang%2C+A%3BDreger%2C+D+S%3BPitarka%2C+A%3BFord%2C+Sean+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chiang&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=612&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - discriminant analysis; earthquakes; explosions; Green function; ground motion; heterogeneity; moment tensors; seismic sources; seismicity; statistical analysis; technology; three-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Locating the origin of scattered waves by simulating time reversal of the seismic wavefield AN - 1807508213; 2016-066456 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Myers, S C AU - Pitarka, A AU - Simmons, Nathan A AU - Sjogreen, B AU - Johannesson, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 613 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - seismograms KW - body waves KW - technology KW - explosions KW - chemical explosions KW - elastic waves KW - seismic sources KW - simulation KW - models KW - Nevada Test Site KW - seismicity KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - wave dispersion KW - S-waves KW - Nevada KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Locating+the+origin+of+scattered+waves+by+simulating+time+reversal+of+the+seismic+wavefield&rft.au=Myers%2C+S+C%3BPitarka%2C+A%3BSimmons%2C+Nathan+A%3BSjogreen%2C+B%3BJohannesson%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=613&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; chemical explosions; elastic waves; explosions; models; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; propagation; S-waves; seismic sources; seismic waves; seismicity; seismograms; simulation; technology; United States; wave dispersion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Installation of high-frequency array and broadband seismic stations in south central Iraq AN - 1807508160; 2016-066530 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Al-Shukri, H AU - Mahdi, H AU - Chlaib, H AU - Ramthan, A AU - Gok, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 628 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - technology KW - monitoring KW - information management KW - teleseismic signals KW - Iraq KW - data management KW - Basra Iraq KW - seismicity KW - seismic networks KW - Asia KW - Middle East KW - instruments KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Installation+of+high-frequency+array+and+broadband+seismic+stations+in+south+central+Iraq&rft.au=Al-Shukri%2C+H%3BMahdi%2C+H%3BChlaib%2C+H%3BRamthan%2C+A%3BGok%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Al-Shukri&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=628&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; Basra Iraq; data management; information management; instruments; Iraq; Middle East; monitoring; seismic networks; seismicity; technology; teleseismic signals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring correlation methods of identifying explosions AN - 1807505967; 2016-066431 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Walter, W R AU - Ford, Sean R AU - Dodge, Doug A AU - Pyle, M AU - Hauk, T F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 607 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - monitoring KW - seismicity KW - explosions KW - correlation KW - Nevada KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807505967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Exploring+correlation+methods+of+identifying+explosions&rft.au=Walter%2C+W+R%3BFord%2C+Sean+R%3BDodge%2C+Doug+A%3BPyle%2C+M%3BHauk%2C+T+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Walter&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=607&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - correlation; explosions; monitoring; Nevada; seismicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary results of crustal structure beneath Nasiriyah and Basra areas, southern Iraq, using inversion of fundamental mode Rayleigh wave dispersion curves AN - 1807505962; 2016-066441 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Mahdi, H AU - Abdulnaby, W AU - Al-Shukri, H AU - Chlaib, H AU - Ramthan, A AU - Hannina, S AU - Mahdi, M AU - Al-Mohaned, R AU - Al-Zubairi, Z AU - Gok, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 609 EP - 610 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2B SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - Nasiriyah Iraq KW - guided waves KW - magnitude KW - elastic waves KW - Rayleigh waves KW - Mohorovicic discontinuity KW - Iraq KW - depth KW - southern Iraq KW - Basra Iraq KW - surface waves KW - seismicity KW - velocity structure KW - ground motion KW - seismic waves KW - wave dispersion KW - Asia KW - earthquakes KW - Middle East KW - crust KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807505962?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Preliminary+results+of+crustal+structure+beneath+Nasiriyah+and+Basra+areas%2C+southern+Iraq%2C+using+inversion+of+fundamental+mode+Rayleigh+wave+dispersion+curves&rft.au=Mahdi%2C+H%3BAbdulnaby%2C+W%3BAl-Shukri%2C+H%3BChlaib%2C+H%3BRamthan%2C+A%3BHannina%2C+S%3BMahdi%2C+M%3BAl-Mohaned%2C+R%3BAl-Zubairi%2C+Z%3BGok%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mahdi&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=609&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2015 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; Basra Iraq; crust; depth; earthquakes; elastic waves; ground motion; guided waves; Iraq; magnitude; Middle East; Mohorovicic discontinuity; Nasiriyah Iraq; Rayleigh waves; seismic waves; seismicity; southern Iraq; surface waves; velocity structure; wave dispersion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of ocean albedo alteration on Arctic sea ice restoration and Northern Hemisphere climate AN - 1787968842; PQ0002929912 AB - The Arctic Ocean is expected to transition into a seasonally ice-free state by mid-century, enhancing Arctic warming and leading to substantial ecological and socio-economic challenges across the Arctic region. It has been proposed that artificially increasing high latitude ocean albedo could restore sea ice, but the climate impacts of such a strategy have not been previously explored. Motivated by this, we investigate the impacts of idealized high latitude ocean albedo changes on Arctic sea ice restoration and climate. In our simulated 4xCO sub(2) climate, imposing surface albedo alterations over the Arctic Ocean leads to partial sea ice recovery and a modest reduction in Arctic warming. With the most extreme ocean albedo changes, imposed over the area 70[degrees]-90[degrees]N, September sea ice cover stabilizes at ~40% of its preindustrial value (compared to ~3% without imposed albedo modifications). This is accompanied by an annual mean Arctic surface temperature decrease of ~2 [degrees]C but no substantial global mean temperature decrease. Imposed albedo changes and sea ice recovery alter climate outside the Arctic region too, affecting precipitation distribution over parts of the continental United States and Northeastern Pacific. For example, following sea ice recovery, wetter and milder winter conditions are present in the Southwest United States while the East Coast experiences cooling. We conclude that although ocean albedo alteration could lead to some sea ice recovery, it does not appear to be an effective way of offsetting the overall effects of CO sub(2) induced global warming. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Cvijanovic, Ivana AU - Caldeira, Ken AU - Macmartin, Douglas G AD - Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Global Ecology, 260 Panama St., Stanford, CA 94305, USA, ivanacv@llnl.gov Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PN, Arctic Ocean KW - Albedo KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Environmental impact KW - Temperature KW - Socioeconomics KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Polar environments KW - Winter KW - USA KW - Sea ice KW - Oceans KW - Global warming KW - Latitude KW - Carbon dioxide KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787968842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+ocean+albedo+alteration+on+Arctic+sea+ice+restoration+and+Northern+Hemisphere+climate&rft.au=Cvijanovic%2C+Ivana%3BCaldeira%2C+Ken%3BMacmartin%2C+Douglas+G&rft.aulast=Cvijanovic&rft.aufirst=Ivana&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F10%2F4%2F044020 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Albedo; Climate change; Climate; Temperature; Environmental impact; Socioeconomics; Greenhouse effect; Polar environments; Winter; Sea ice; Oceans; Latitude; Global warming; Carbon dioxide; PN, Arctic Ocean; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/4/044020 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of ice marginal setting on early Holocene retreat rates in central West Greenland AN - 1769967792; 2016-018445 AB - Ice sheet reconstructions from diverse ice margin settings, spanning multiple millennia, are needed to assess the reaction of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) to millennial-scale climatic forcing and to place historical records in a longer-term context. Here we present 18 new cosmogenic (super 10) Be exposure ages and five new radiocarbon ages that constrain the early Holocene retreat of the GrIS in the Disko Bugt region in both a marine and a land-based setting. Results indicate similar rates of early Holocene retreat of approximately 40-50 m a (super -1) from transects in Torsukattak fjord (marine setting) and the Naternaq area (land-based setting). We compile seven previously published chronologies of deglaciation from West Greenland, which yield early Holocene retreat rates ranging from 10 to 65 m a (super -1) , similar to those determined for our two study areas. This work demonstrates that when averaged on millennial timescales, retreat rates were remarkably similar along the western GrIS margin. Furthermore, the retreat rates calculated here demonstrate that terrestrial sectors of ice sheets can retreat at net rates comparable to their marine counterparts. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - JQS. Journal of Quaternary Science AU - Kelley, Samuel E AU - Briner, Jason P AU - Zimmerman, Susan R H Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 271 EP - 280 PB - John Wiley and Sons for the Quaternary Research Association, Chichester VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0267-8179, 0267-8179 KW - lower Holocene KW - isotopes KW - Greenland ice sheet KW - West Greenland KW - Torsukattak Fjord KW - Naternaq KW - Holocene KW - deglaciation KW - Cenozoic KW - Greenland KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Disko Bugt KW - carbon KW - glacial environment KW - absolute age KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Quaternary KW - Be-10 KW - Arctic region KW - rates KW - ice sheets KW - paleoenvironment KW - metals KW - glacial geology KW - C-14 KW - beryllium KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769967792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JQS.+Journal+of+Quaternary+Science&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+ice+marginal+setting+on+early+Holocene+retreat+rates+in+central+West+Greenland&rft.au=Kelley%2C+Samuel+E%3BBriner%2C+Jason+P%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan+R+H&rft.aulast=Kelley&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JQS.+Journal+of+Quaternary+Science&rft.issn=02678179&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjqs.2778 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/2507 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; alkaline earth metals; Arctic region; Be-10; beryllium; C-14; carbon; Cenozoic; deglaciation; Disko Bugt; glacial environment; glacial geology; Greenland; Greenland ice sheet; Holocene; ice sheets; isotopes; lower Holocene; metals; Naternaq; paleoenvironment; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; rates; Torsukattak Fjord; West Greenland DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2778 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How well do CMIP5 climate simulations replicate historical trends and patterns of meteorological droughts? AN - 1729844108; 2015-102227 AB - Assessing the uncertainties and understanding the deficiencies of climate models are fundamental to developing adaptation strategies. The objective of this study is to understand how well Coupled Model Intercomparison-Phase 5 (CMIP5) climate model simulations replicate ground-based observations of continental drought areas and their trends. The CMIP5 multimodel ensemble encompasses the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) ground-based observations of area under drought at all time steps. However, most model members overestimate the areas under extreme drought, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). Furthermore, the results show that the time series of observations and CMIP5 simulations of areas under drought exhibit more variability in the SH than in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). The trend analysis of areas under drought reveals that the observational data exhibit a significant positive trend at the significance level of 0.05 over all land areas. The observed trend is reproduced by about three-fourths of the CMIP5 models when considering total land areas in drought. While models are generally consistent with observations at a global (or hemispheric) scale, most models do not agree with observed regional drying and wetting trends. Over many regions, at most 40% of the CMIP5 models are in agreement with the trends of CRU observations. The drying/wetting trends calculated using the 3 months Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) values show better agreement with the corresponding CRU values than with the observed annual mean precipitation rates. Pixel-scale evaluation of CMIP5 models indicates that no single model demonstrates an overall superior performance relative to the other models. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Nasrollahi, Nasrin AU - AghaKouchak, Amir AU - Cheng, Linyin AU - Damberg, Lisa AU - Phillips, Thomas J AU - Miao, Chiyuan AU - Hsu, Kuolin AU - Sorooshian, Soroosh Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 2847 EP - 2864 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 51 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - global KW - data processing KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - equations KW - drought KW - Southern Hemisphere KW - quantitative analysis KW - digital simulation KW - meteorology KW - uncertainty KW - climate KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729844108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=How+well+do+CMIP5+climate+simulations+replicate+historical+trends+and+patterns+of+meteorological+droughts%3F&rft.au=Nasrollahi%2C+Nasrin%3BAghaKouchak%2C+Amir%3BCheng%2C+Linyin%3BDamberg%2C+Lisa%3BPhillips%2C+Thomas+J%3BMiao%2C+Chiyuan%3BHsu%2C+Kuolin%3BSorooshian%2C+Soroosh&rft.aulast=Nasrollahi&rft.aufirst=Nasrin&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2847&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014WR016318 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; climate; data processing; digital simulation; drought; equations; global; hydrology; meteorology; numerical models; quantitative analysis; Southern Hemisphere; uncertainty DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016318 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of lunar chronology revealing a preponderance of 4.34-4.37 Ga ages AN - 1700098724; 2015-073224 AB - Data obtained from Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr isotopic measurements of lunar highlands' samples are renormalized to common standard values and then used to define ages with a common isochron regression algorithm. The reliability of these ages is evaluated using five criteria that include whether: (1) the ages are defined by multiple isotopic systems, (2) the data demonstrate limited scatter outside uncertainty, (3) initial isotopic compositions are consistent with the petrogenesis of the samples, (4) the ages are defined by an isotopic system that is resistant to disturbance by impact metamorphism, and (5) the rare-earth element abundances determined by isotope dilution of bulk of mineral fractions match those measured by in situ analyses. From this analysis, it is apparent that the oldest highlands' rock ages are some of the least reliable, and that there is little support for crustal ages older than approximately 4.40 Ga. A model age for ur-KREEP formation calculated using the most reliable Mg-suite Sm-Nd isotopic systematics, in conjunction with Sm-Nd analyses of KREEP basalts, is 4389 + or - 45 Ma. This age is a good match to the Lu-Hf model age of 4353 + or - 37 Ma determined using a subset of this sample suite, the average model age of 4353 + or - 25 Ma determined on mare basalts with the (super 146) Sm- (super 142) Nd isotopic system, with a peak in Pb-Pb ages observed in lunar zircons of approximately 4340 + or - 20 Ma, and the oldest terrestrial zircon age of 4374 + or - 6 Ma. The preponderance of ages between 4.34 and 4.37 Ga reflect either primordial solidification of a lunar magma ocean or a widespread secondary magmatic event on the lunar nearside. The first scenario is not consistent with the oldest ages reported for lunar zircons, whereas the second scenario does not account for concordance between ages of crustal rocks and mantle reservoirs. Abstract Copyright The Meteoritical Society, 2014. JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Borg, Lars E AU - Gaffney, Amy M AU - Shearer, Charles K Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 715 EP - 732 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 50 IS - 4 SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - silicates KW - magnesium KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - late heavy bombardment KW - lunar highlands KW - iron KW - Rb/Sr KW - Lu/Hf KW - plutonic rocks KW - chronology KW - dates KW - basalts KW - orthosilicates KW - absolute age KW - rare earths KW - uncertainty KW - zircon group KW - Pb/Pb KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magma oceans KW - Moon KW - differentiation KW - zircon KW - isochrons KW - impacts KW - metamorphism KW - anorthosite KW - nesosilicates KW - models KW - KREEP KW - Sm/Nd KW - metals KW - lunar crust KW - crystallization KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700098724?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=A+review+of+lunar+chronology+revealing+a+preponderance+of+4.34-4.37+Ga+ages&rft.au=Borg%2C+Lars+E%3BGaffney%2C+Amy+M%3BShearer%2C+Charles+K&rft.aulast=Borg&rft.aufirst=Lars&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=715&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fmaps.12373 L2 - http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 101 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-30 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; alkaline earth metals; anorthosite; basalts; chronology; crystallization; dates; differentiation; igneous rocks; impacts; iron; isochrons; KREEP; late heavy bombardment; Lu/Hf; lunar crust; lunar highlands; magma oceans; magnesium; metals; metamorphism; models; Moon; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; Pb/Pb; plutonic rocks; rare earths; Rb/Sr; silicates; Sm/Nd; uncertainty; volcanic rocks; zircon; zircon group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/maps.12373 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinematic finite-source model for the 24 August 2014 South Napa, California, earthquake from joint inversion of seismic, GPS, and InSAR data AN - 1689593339; 2015-058322 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Dreger, Douglas S AU - Huang, Mong-Han AU - Rodgers, Arthur AU - Taira, Taka'aki AU - Wooddell, Kathryn Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 327 EP - 334 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 86 IS - 2A SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - Global Positioning System KW - three-dimensional models KW - seismic moment KW - magnitude KW - radar methods KW - South Napa earthquake 2014 KW - slip rates KW - simulation KW - models KW - California KW - kinematics KW - seismicity KW - SAR KW - main shocks KW - ground motion KW - focus KW - InSAR KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689593339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Kinematic+finite-source+model+for+the+24+August+2014+South+Napa%2C+California%2C+earthquake+from+joint+inversion+of+seismic%2C+GPS%2C+and+InSAR+data&rft.au=Dreger%2C+Douglas+S%3BHuang%2C+Mong-Han%3BRodgers%2C+Arthur%3BTaira%2C+Taka%27aki%3BWooddell%2C+Kathryn&rft.aulast=Dreger&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2A&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0220140244 L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - EAQNAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; earthquakes; focus; Global Positioning System; ground motion; InSAR; kinematics; magnitude; main shocks; models; radar methods; SAR; seismic moment; seismicity; simulation; slip rates; South Napa earthquake 2014; three-dimensional models; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220140244 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accurate local event locations in Rock Valley, Nevada, using a Bayesian multiple-event method AN - 1689592612; 2015-058241 AB - The Source Physics Experiment (SPE) is a series of chemical explosions at the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS, formerly the Nevada Test Site) designed to improve our understanding of explosion physics. A future SPE will place an explosion at the hypocenter of a small, shallow earthquake, providing a direct earthquake-to-explosion experiment. Candidate earthquakes for this novel experiment come from a sequence of over 200 unusually shallow events that occurred in Rock Valley, Nevada, in the southeastern portion of the NNSS during 1993. We apply the Bayesloc multiple-event location algorithm (Myers et al., 2007, 2009) to determine the best possible locations and depths for these events. Past nuclear tests in the nearby Yucca Flat on the NNSS are relocated with the same method to provide insight into the accuracy and uncertainties associated with the Bayesloc location results for the Rock Valley earthquakes. This test suggests that we can accurately pinpoint the location of the Rock Valley events within approximately 1 km of their true locations using direct arrival times only. The incorporation of differential arrival times and a potential ground-truth event can significantly decrease the already small uncertainties associated with the epicenter locations. Depth determinations have uncertainties of a few kilometers. Depth uncertainty may be reduced by developing an accurate 3D model of P-wave and S-wave velocity for Rock Valley. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Pyle, Moira L AU - Myers, Stephen C AU - Walter, William R AU - Smith, Kenneth D Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 706 EP - 718 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 105 IS - 2A SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - technology KW - Bayesian analysis KW - chemical explosions KW - elastic waves KW - seismicity KW - velocity KW - focus KW - nuclear explosions KW - arrival time KW - Nevada KW - body waves KW - monitoring KW - three-dimensional models KW - explosions KW - statistical analysis KW - magnitude KW - Rock Valley KW - depth KW - Rock Valley earthquake 1993 KW - main shocks KW - seismic waves KW - earthquakes KW - S-waves KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689592612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Accurate+local+event+locations+in+Rock+Valley%2C+Nevada%2C+using+a+Bayesian+multiple-event+method&rft.au=Pyle%2C+Moira+L%3BMyers%2C+Stephen+C%3BWalter%2C+William+R%3BSmith%2C+Kenneth+D&rft.aulast=Pyle&rft.aufirst=Moira&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2A&rft.spage=706&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0120140251 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arrival time; Bayesian analysis; body waves; chemical explosions; depth; earthquakes; elastic waves; explosions; focus; magnitude; main shocks; monitoring; Nevada; nuclear explosions; P-waves; Rock Valley; Rock Valley earthquake 1993; S-waves; seismic waves; seismicity; statistical analysis; technology; three-dimensional models; United States; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120140251 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid and early deglaciation in the central Brooks Range, Arctic Alaska AN - 1676589796; 2015-039961 AB - Alpine-style glaciation was rare in the Arctic during the last glaciation because ice sheets occupied most of the glaciated high latitudes. Due to the tight coupling of alpine-glacier fluctuations with climate, the geomorphic evidence of such fluctuations in the Brooks Range, Alaska (USA), presents a unique opportunity to study past climate changes in this portion of the Arctic. We use cosmogenic (super 10) Be exposure dating to directly date Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) terminal moraines and deglaciation in the central Brooks Range. (super 10) Be ages from moraine boulders indicate that the LGM culminated at ca. 21 ka and was followed by substantial retreat upvalley prior to a second moraine-building episode culminating at ca. 17 ka. Subsequent rapid deglaciation occurred between ca. 16 ka and 15 ka, when glaciers receded to within their Neoglacial limits. Initial deglaciation after the LGM was likely caused by ice sheet-induced atmospheric circulation changes and increasing insolation. Brooks Range glaciers largely disappeared during Heinrich Stadial 1, prior to significant warming in the North Atlantic region during the Bolling-Allerod, but coincident with global CO (sub 2) rise. Glacier fluctuations during the late-glacial period, if any, were restricted to within their Neoglacial extents. This new chronology suggests that ice sheet-modulated atmospheric circulation and global CO (sub 2) dominate glacial climate forcings in Arctic Alaska. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Pendleton, Simon L AU - Ceperley, Elizabeth G AU - Briner, Jason P AU - Kaufman, Darrell S AU - Zimmerman, Susan Y1 - 2015/03/19/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 19 SP - 419 EP - 422 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 43 IS - 5 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - United States KW - relative age KW - glacial extent KW - isotopes KW - exposure age KW - deglaciation KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dates KW - terminal moraines KW - sediments KW - moraines KW - climate forcing KW - alkaline earth metals KW - boulders KW - Quaternary KW - Be-10 KW - clastic sediments KW - Arctic region KW - glaciers KW - end moraines KW - metals KW - upper Quaternary KW - Alaska KW - Brooks Range KW - beryllium KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676589796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Rapid+and+early+deglaciation+in+the+central+Brooks+Range%2C+Arctic+Alaska&rft.au=Pendleton%2C+Simon+L%3BCeperley%2C+Elizabeth+G%3BBriner%2C+Jason+P%3BKaufman%2C+Darrell+S%3BZimmerman%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Pendleton&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2015-03-19&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=419&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FG36430.1 L2 - http://geology.gsapubs.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - GSA Data Repository item 2015147 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; alkaline earth metals; Arctic region; Be-10; beryllium; boulders; Brooks Range; Cenozoic; clastic sediments; climate forcing; dates; deglaciation; end moraines; exposure age; glacial extent; glaciers; isotopes; metals; moraines; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; relative age; sediments; terminal moraines; United States; upper Quaternary DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G36430.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying and Exploiting Diurnal Motifs in Wind Generation Time Series Data AN - 1709747399; PQ0001668393 AB - Wind energy is scheduled on the power grid using 0-6 h ahead forecasts generated from computer simulations or historical data. When the forecasts are inaccurate, control room operators use their expertise, as well as the actual generation from previous days, to estimate the amount of energy to schedule. However, this is a challenge, and it would be useful for the operators to have additional information they can exploit to make better informed decisions. In this paper, we use techniques from time series analysis to determine if there are motifs, or frequently occurring diurnal patterns in wind generation data. We compare two different representations of the data and four different ways of identifying the number of motifs. Using data from wind farms in Tehachapi Pass and mid-Columbia Basin, we describe our findings and discuss how these motifs can be used to guide scheduling decisions. JF - International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence AU - Fan, Ya Ju AU - Kamath, Chandrika AD - Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA fan4@llnl.gov Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - Mar 2015 SP - 1550012 EP - 1-1550012-25 PB - World Scientific Publishing Co., Inc., 27 Warren Street Hackensack NJ 07601 United States VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0218-0014, 0218-0014 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Computer and Information Systems Abstracts (CI); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Wind generation KW - time series analysis KW - motifs KW - clustering KW - Operators KW - Schedules KW - Estimates KW - Computer simulation KW - Representations KW - Time series analysis KW - Wind power generation KW - Decisions KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709747399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Pattern+Recognition+and+Artificial+Intelligence&rft.atitle=Identifying+and+Exploiting+Diurnal+Motifs+in+Wind+Generation+Time+Series+Data&rft.au=Fan%2C+Ya+Ju%3BKamath%2C+Chandrika&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=Ya&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1550012&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Pattern+Recognition+and+Artificial+Intelligence&rft.issn=02180014&rft_id=info:doi/10.1142%2FS0218001415500123 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0218001415500123 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plutonium(IV) sorption to montmorillonite in the presence of organic matter AN - 1689592740; 2015-054446 AB - The effect of altering the order of addition in a ternary system of plutonium(IV), organic matter (fulvic acid, humic acid and desferrioxamine B), and montmorillonite was investigated. A decrease in Pu(IV) sorption to montmorillonite in the presence of fulvic and humic acid relative to the binary Pu-montmorillonite system, is attributed to strong organic aqueous complex formation with aqueous Pu(IV). No dependence on the order of addition was observed. In contrast, in the system where Pu(IV) was equilibrated with desferrioxamine B (DFOB) prior to addition of montmorillonite, an increase in Pu(IV) sorption was observed relative to the binary system. When DFOB was equilibrated with montmorillonite prior to addition of Pu(IV), Pu(IV) sorption was equivalent to the binary system. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy revealed that DFOB accumulated in the interlayer of montmorillonite. The order of DFOB addition plays an important role in the observed sorption/desorption behavior of Pu. The irreversible nature of DFOB accumulation in the montmorillonite interlayer leads to an apparent dependence of Pu sorption on the order of addition in the ternary system. This work demonstrates that the order of addition will be relevant in ternary systems in which at least one component exhibits irreversible sorption behavior. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Boggs, Mark A AU - Dai, Zurong AU - Kersting, Annie B AU - Zavarin, Mavrik Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 90 EP - 96 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 141 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - United States KW - silicates KW - hazardous waste KW - sorption KW - geologic hazards KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - plutonium KW - power plants KW - humic acids KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - environmental management KW - Nevada Test Site KW - radioactive isotopes KW - military geology KW - chemical reactions KW - energy sources KW - water pollution KW - Nevada KW - montmorillonite KW - colloidal materials KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - electron microscopy data KW - solubility KW - TEM data KW - clay minerals KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - natural hazards KW - EXAFS data KW - sheet silicates KW - fulvic acids KW - waste disposal KW - military facilities KW - crystal chemistry KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689592740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Plutonium%28IV%29+sorption+to+montmorillonite+in+the+presence+of+organic+matter&rft.au=Boggs%2C+Mark+A%3BDai%2C+Zurong%3BKersting%2C+Annie+B%3BZavarin%2C+Mavrik&rft.aulast=Boggs&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=&rft.spage=90&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvrad.2014.12.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; chemical reactions; clay minerals; colloidal materials; crystal chemistry; electron microscopy data; energy sources; environmental management; EXAFS data; fulvic acids; geologic hazards; hazardous waste; humic acids; humic substances; isotopes; metals; military facilities; military geology; montmorillonite; natural hazards; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; organic acids; organic compounds; oxidation; plutonium; pollutants; pollution; power plants; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; radioactivity; remediation; sheet silicates; silicates; soil pollution; solubility; sorption; TEM data; United States; waste disposal; water pollution; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.12.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plutonium sorption and desorption behavior on bentonite AN - 1689592719; 2015-054448 AB - Understanding plutonium (Pu) sorption to, and desorption from, mineral phases is key to understanding its subsurface transport. In this work we study Pu(IV) sorption to industrial grade FEBEX bentonite over the concentration range 10 (super -7) -10 (super -16) M to determine if sorption at typical environmental concentrations ( or =10 (super -8) M, sorption was likely affected by additional Pu(IV) precipitation/polymerization reactions. The extent of sorption was similar to that previously reported for Pu(IV) sorption to SWy-1 Na-montmorillonite over a narrower range of Pu concentrations (10 (super -11) -10 (super -7) M). Sorption experiments with FEBEX bentonite and Pu(V) were also performed across a concentration range of 10 (super -11) -10 (super -7) M and over a 10 month period which allowed us to estimate the slow apparent rates of Pu(V) reduction on a smectite-rich clay. Finally, a flow cell experiment with Pu(IV) loaded on FEBEX bentonite demonstrated continued desorption of Pu over a 12 day flow period. Comparison with a desorption experiment performed with SWy-1 montmorillonite showed a strong similarity and suggested the importance of montorillonite phases in controlling Pu sorption/desorption reactions on FEBEX bentonite. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Begg, James D AU - Zavarin, Mavrik AU - Tumey, Scott J AU - Kersting, Annie B Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 106 EP - 114 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 141 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - solute transport KW - hazardous waste KW - sorption KW - desorption KW - Almeria Spain KW - isotopes KW - Spain KW - plutonium KW - Europe KW - polymerization KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - environmental analysis KW - Southern Europe KW - reservoir rocks KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Andalusia Spain KW - transport KW - Callovian KW - water pollution KW - experimental studies KW - bentonite KW - Jurassic KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Middle Jurassic KW - Mesozoic KW - claystone KW - soil pollution KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - Cortijo de Archidona KW - mobilization KW - waste disposal KW - reactive barriers KW - clastic rocks KW - actinides KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689592719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Plutonium+sorption+and+desorption+behavior+on+bentonite&rft.au=Begg%2C+James+D%3BZavarin%2C+Mavrik%3BTumey%2C+Scott+J%3BKersting%2C+Annie+B&rft.aulast=Begg&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvrad.2014.12.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Almeria Spain; Andalusia Spain; bentonite; Callovian; clastic rocks; claystone; Cortijo de Archidona; desorption; environmental analysis; Europe; experimental studies; hazardous waste; Iberian Peninsula; isotopes; Jurassic; laboratory studies; Mesozoic; metals; Middle Jurassic; mobilization; plutonium; pollutants; pollution; polymerization; precipitation; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; reactive barriers; remediation; reservoir rocks; sedimentary rocks; soil pollution; solute transport; sorption; Southern Europe; Spain; transport; waste disposal; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.12.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transient thermal protection of film covering circular aperture by sublimation and weak decomposition AN - 1685810608; PQ0001471025 AB - Unwanted heating of sensitive surfaces in harsh thermal environments can be prevented by precise application of sacrificial materials such as sublimation layers and pyrolyzing films. The use of sublimation for the protection of circular polyimide membranes subjected to brief (~100 ms) heating by infrared radiation and hot (6000 K) inert gas convection is analyzed. Selection of sublimation material and sublimation layer and membrane thickness is considered with emphasis on providing sufficient thermal protection yet negligible unwanted material remaining at the end of a specified heating period. Though the analysis here is general, the motivation is protection of the polyimide films covering the laser entrance holes on IFE (inertial fusion energy) hohlraums being injected into the hot gas (xenon) protecting IFE reactor chambers. Both one and two dimensional thermal models are used to develop a robust thermal concept. Sensitivity analyses (SA) methods are exercised to show where the design may be vulnerable and which input parameters have the greatest effect on performance and likelihood of success. For the design and conditions considered, methane sublimating layers are probably preferred over xenon or pentane. JF - Fusion Engineering and Design AU - Havstad, Mark A AU - Miles, Robin R AU - Hsieh, Henry AD - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, United States Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - Mar 2015 SP - 59 EP - 68 PB - North-Holland, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 92 SN - 0920-3796, 0920-3796 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Sublimation KW - Heat transfer KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Variance decomposition KW - Latin hypercube KW - Xenon KW - Thermal protection KW - Heating KW - Design engineering KW - Circularity KW - Materials selection KW - Polyimide resins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1685810608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fusion+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Transient+thermal+protection+of+film+covering+circular+aperture+by+sublimation+and+weak+decomposition&rft.au=Havstad%2C+Mark+A%3BMiles%2C+Robin+R%3BHsieh%2C+Henry&rft.aulast=Havstad&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fusion+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=09203796&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fusengdes.2015.01.031 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.01.031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the generation of tangential ground motion by underground explosions in jointed rocks AN - 1680752900; 2015-041995 AB - This paper describes computational studies of tangential ground motions generated by spherical explosions in a heavily jointed granite formation. Various factors affecting the shear wave generation are considered, including joint spacing, orientation and frictional properties. Simulations are performed both in 2-D for a single joint set to elucidate the basic response mechanisms, and in 3-D for multiple joint sets to realistically represent in situ conditions in a realistic geological setting. The joints are modelled explicitly using both contact elements and weakness planes in the material. Simulations are performed both deterministically and stochastically to quantify the effects of geological uncertainties on near field ground motions. The mechanical properties of the rock and the joints as well as the joint spacing and orientation are taken from experimental test data and geophysical logs corresponding to the Climax Stock granitic outcrop, which is the geological setting of the source physics experiment (SPE). Agreement between simulation results and near field wave motion data from SPE enables newfound understanding of the origin and extent of non-spherical motions associated with underground explosions in fractured geological media. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Vorobiev, Oleg AU - Ezzedine, Souheil AU - Antoun, Tarabay AU - Glenn, Lewis Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 1651 EP - 1661 PB - Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 200 IS - 3 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - body waves KW - monitoring KW - explosions KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - joints KW - elastic waves KW - fractures KW - plutonic rocks KW - ground motion KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - faults KW - Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680752900?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=On+the+generation+of+tangential+ground+motion+by+underground+explosions+in+jointed+rocks&rft.au=Vorobiev%2C+Oleg%3BEzzedine%2C+Souheil%3BAntoun%2C+Tarabay%3BGlenn%2C+Lewis&rft.aulast=Vorobiev&rft.aufirst=Oleg&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=200&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1651&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fgji%2Fggu478 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty; elastic waves; explosions; faults; fractures; granites; ground motion; igneous rocks; joints; monitoring; plutonic rocks; S-waves; seismic waves DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggu478 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Adaptive Optics for Exoplanets: Algorithms and Technologies T2 - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AN - 1658699565; 6338838 JF - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AU - Poyneer, Lisa Y1 - 2015/02/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 12 KW - Optics KW - Algorithms KW - Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658699565?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Adaptive+Optics+for+Exoplanets%3A+Algorithms+and+Technologies&rft.au=Poyneer%2C+Lisa&rft.aulast=Poyneer&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2015/webprogram/meeting2015-02-11.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-27 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Nanosims Isotopic Imaging of C and N Assimilation in Complex Microbial Communities T2 - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AN - 1658698862; 6338552 JF - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AU - Pett-Ridge, Jennifer Y1 - 2015/02/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 12 KW - Microbial activity KW - Imaging techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658698862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Nanosims+Isotopic+Imaging+of+C+and+N+Assimilation+in+Complex+Microbial+Communities&rft.au=Pett-Ridge%2C+Jennifer&rft.aulast=Pett-Ridge&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2015/webprogram/meeting2015-02-11.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-27 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Simulating and Visualizing the Electrophysiology of the Human Heart T2 - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AN - 1658697337; 6338610 JF - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AU - Streitz, Frederick Y1 - 2015/02/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 12 KW - Heart KW - Electrophysiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658697337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Simulating+and+Visualizing+the+Electrophysiology+of+the+Human+Heart&rft.au=Streitz%2C+Frederick&rft.aulast=Streitz&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2015/webprogram/meeting2015-02-11.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-27 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Algorithmically scalable block preconditioner for fully implicit shallow-water equations in CAM-SE AN - 1832637739; 741119-4 AB - Performing accurate and efficient numerical simulation of global atmospheric climate models is challenging due to the disparate length and time scales over which physical processes interact. Implicit solvers enable the physical system to be integrated with a time step commensurate with processes being studied. The dominant cost of an implicit time step is the ancillary linear system solves, so we have developed a preconditioner aimed at improving the efficiency of these linear system solves. Our preconditioner is based on an approximate block factorization of the linearized shallow-water equations and has been implemented within the spectral element dynamical core within the Community Atmospheric Model (CAM-SE). In this paper, we discuss the development and scalability of the preconditioner for a suite of test cases with the implicit shallow-water solver within CAM-SE. Copyright 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Lott, P Aaron AU - Woodward, Carol S AU - Evans, Katherine J Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 49 EP - 61 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832637739?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Algorithmically+scalable+block+preconditioner+for+fully+implicit+shallow-water+equations+in+CAM-SE&rft.au=Lott%2C+P+Aaron%3BWoodward%2C+Carol+S%3BEvans%2C+Katherine+J&rft.aulast=Lott&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-014-9447-6 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-014-9447-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probabilistic geomechanical analysis of compartmentalization at the Snohvit CO (sub 2) sequestration project AN - 1707521817; 2015-084260 AB - Pressure buildup caused by large-scale CO (sub 2) injection is a key concern during a carbon sequestration project. Large overpressures can compromise seal integrity, reactivate faults, and induce seismicity. Furthermore, pressure buildup is directly related with storage capacity. In this work we study the geomechanical response to CO (sub 2) injection at Snohvit, to understand the potential for fault reactivation, leakage, and contamination of the producing interval through bounding faults. Furthermore, we evaluate the potential contribution of a structural component to reservoir compartmentalization. We combine simplified analytical models, based on critically stressed fracture theory and a Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion, with a rigorous sensitivity analysis. Large stress uncertainties are present and reflected in the modeling results. It was found that under the most likely stress state the faults are fairly stable and caprock hydrofracturing would be expected before fault reactivation. In most of the analyzed cases, the critical pressure perturbation needed for reactivation is above 13 MPa, which was the limiting pressure increase before reaching the fracture pressure. Faults were found to be approximately 20% less stable when considering variations in S (sub Hmax) orientation. In those cases, fault reactivation could be expected before caprock failure if injection continued. However, if the pressure increase did reach the critical values for seal failure estimated under the worst case (and least likely) stress state, no indication of such failure can be observed in the measured pressure response. Finally, the potential role of a structural component in the compartmentalization and fluid migration is difficult to assess due to the stress state uncertainty. Abstract Copyright (2014), The Authors. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth AU - Chiaramonte, Laura AU - White, Joshua A AU - Trainor-Guitton, Whitney Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 1195 EP - 1209 PB - Wiley-Blackwell for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 120 IS - 2 SN - 2169-9313, 2169-9313 KW - Hammerfest Basin KW - carbon sequestration KW - petroleum KW - oil and gas fields KW - Snohvit Field KW - rock mechanics KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - seismicity KW - Barents Sea KW - cap rocks KW - Arctic Ocean KW - tectonics KW - active faults KW - seismotectonics KW - faults KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.atitle=Probabilistic+geomechanical+analysis+of+compartmentalization+at+the+Snohvit+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration+project&rft.au=Chiaramonte%2C+Laura%3BWhite%2C+Joshua+A%3BTrainor-Guitton%2C+Whitney&rft.aulast=Chiaramonte&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.issn=21699313&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014JB011376 L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/jgr/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)2169-9356/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active faults; Arctic Ocean; Barents Sea; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; faults; Hammerfest Basin; oil and gas fields; petroleum; reservoir rocks; rock mechanics; seismicity; seismotectonics; Snohvit Field; tectonics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011376 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The structure of the crust in the Turkish-Iranian Plateau and Zagros using Lg Q and velocity AN - 1686062769; 2015-049757 AB - We present a new approach for understanding the origin and nature of seismic anomalies in the continental crust of the northern Middle East. We have created detailed attenuation (Q (sub Lg) ) and velocity (V (sub Lg) ) models for the northern Middle East based on the analysis of waveforms of regional seismic phase Lg from 3171 regional earthquakes recorded at 578 stations in Turkish and Iranian Plateaus and surrounding regions. The attenuation and velocity models are assumed to serve as proxies for the bulk average crustal shear wave attenuation (Qbeta ) and velocities (V (sub s) ). 31 232 reliable Lg spectra were collected and used to measure the two-station method (TSM) and reverse two-station/event method (RTM) Lg Q at 1 Hz (Q (sub 0) ) and its frequency-dependence factor (eta ). The Lg Q (sub 0) and eta values are measured over the individual TSM and RTM paths and are then used to perform an LSQR tomographic inversion for lateral variations in Q (sub 0) and eta . The Lg Q (sub 0) and eta models both correlate well with the major tectonic boundaries in the region. The tomographic models as well as the individual TSM and RTM measurements show lower values of Lg Q (sub 0) over the Turkish-Anatolian Plateau (<150) than those observed over the Iranian Plateau (150-400). Furthermore, we obtained the Lg group velocity model by inverting the time of the first arrival of the Lg waveform on each seismogram. Our Q measurements are strongly correlated with the measurements of Lg group velocity (V (sub Lg) ) suggesting that the source of many of the low Q and velocity anomalies is likely the same. The regions where we see negative correlations are likely a result of Sn to Lg converted energy. Our results also have implications for the far field ground motions, suggesting that large earthquakes in eastern Iran could have a significant far field ground motions due to relatively low crustal attenuation within the Iranian plateau. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Kaviani, Ayoub AU - Sandvol, Eric AU - Bao, Xueyang AU - Ruempker, Georg AU - Goek, Rengin Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 1252 EP - 1266 PB - Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 200 IS - 2 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - Zagros KW - seismograms KW - Iran KW - guided waves KW - Lg-waves KW - Turkey KW - elastic waves KW - continental crust KW - models KW - attenuation KW - surface waves KW - Love waves KW - seismicity KW - magmas KW - velocity structure KW - seismic waves KW - algorithms KW - Asia KW - earthquakes KW - Middle East KW - crust KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686062769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=The+structure+of+the+crust+in+the+Turkish-Iranian+Plateau+and+Zagros+using+Lg+Q+and+velocity&rft.au=Kaviani%2C+Ayoub%3BSandvol%2C+Eric%3BBao%2C+Xueyang%3BRuempker%2C+Georg%3BGoek%2C+Rengin&rft.aulast=Kaviani&rft.aufirst=Ayoub&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=200&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1252&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fgji%2Fggu468 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 82 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Asia; attenuation; continental crust; crust; earthquakes; elastic waves; guided waves; Iran; Lg-waves; Love waves; magmas; Middle East; models; seismic waves; seismicity; seismograms; surface waves; Turkey; velocity structure; Zagros DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggu468 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Initial global seismic cross-correlation results; implications for empirical signal detectors AN - 1680751059; 2015-044439 AB - In this work, we cross-correlated waveforms in a global dataset consisting of over 310 million waveforms from nearly 3.8 million events recorded between 1970 and 2013 for two purposes: to better understand the nature of global seismicity and to evaluate correlation as a technique for automated event processing. We found that about 14.5% of the events for which we have at least one waveform correlated with at least one other event at the 0.6 or higher level. Within the geographic regions where our waveform holdings are complete or nearly complete, that fraction rose to nearly 18%. Moreover, among the events for which we had one or more seismograms recorded at distances less than 12 degrees , the fraction of correlated events was much higher, often exceeding 50%. These results imply that global seismicity contains a large number of repeating events, that is, events that are sufficiently similar to each other to have correlated waveforms over the time period spanned by our dataset. These results are very encouraging for using correlation in aspects of automated event processing. It is well known that because of the strongly implied similarity of the sources of correlated signals, they can be used as empirical signal detectors (ESD) to detect, locate, and identify an event using as few as one channel. Our results are very encouraging for using correlation and perhaps other forms of ESD for regional network processing and continental global processing because, for example, nearly all continental seismicity (99%) is within 12 degrees of at least one International Monitoring System station. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Dodge, D A AU - Walter, W R Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 240 EP - 256 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 105 IS - 1 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - seismograms KW - technology KW - monitoring KW - seismicity KW - crosscorrelation KW - global KW - statistical analysis KW - information management KW - signals KW - data management KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680751059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Initial+global+seismic+cross-correlation+results%3B+implications+for+empirical+signal+detectors&rft.au=Dodge%2C+D+A%3BWalter%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Dodge&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0120140166 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crosscorrelation; data management; global; information management; monitoring; seismicity; seismograms; signals; statistical analysis; technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120140166 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radioxenon production and transport from an underground nuclear detonation to ground surface AN - 1673367390; 2015-034154 AB - Radioxenon isotopes are considered as possible indicators for detecting and discriminating underground nuclear explosions. To monitor and sample the release of radioxenon isotopes, both independent and chain-reaction yields need to be considered together with multiphase transport in geological systems from the detonation point to the ground surface. For the sake of simplicity, modeling of radioxenon isotopic radioactivities has typically been focused either on chain reactions in a batch reactor without considering multiphase transport or on radionuclide transport with simplified reactions. Although numerical methods are available for integrating coupled differential equations of complex decay networks, the stiffness of ordinary differential equations due to greatly differing decay rates may require substantial additional effort to obtain solutions for the fully coupled system. For this reason, closed-form solutions for sequential reactions and numerical solutions for multiparent converging and multidaughter branching reactions were previously developed and used to simulate xenon isotopic radioactivities in the batch reactor mode. In this paper, we develop a fully coupled numerical model, which involves tracking 24 components (i.e., 22 radionuclide components plus air and water) in two phases to enhance model predictability of simultaneously simulating xenon isotopic transport and fully coupled chain reactions. To validate the numerical model and verify the corresponding computer code, we derived closed-form solutions for first-order xenon reactions in a batch reactor mode and for single-gas phase transport coupled with the xenon reactions in a one-dimensional column. Finally, cylindrical 3-D simulations of two-phase flow within a dual permeability fracture-matrix medium, simulating the geohydrologic regime of an underground nuclear explosion, indicate the existence of both a strong temporal and spatial dependence of xenon isotopic ratios sampled at the surface. In the example presented here, temporally evolving subsurface xenon isotopic ratios are found to migrate across the discrimination line delineating civilian nuclear activities from an underground nuclear explosion in the KALINOWSKI Multi-Isotope Ratio Chart. Copyright 2014 Springer Basel JF - Pure and Applied Geophysics AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Carrigan, Charles R AU - Hao, Yue Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 243 EP - 265 PB - Birkhaeuser, Basel VL - 172 IS - 2 SN - 0033-4553, 0033-4553 KW - fractured materials KW - Xe-131 KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - radioactive decay KW - simulation KW - stable isotopes KW - transport KW - noble gases KW - Xe-135 KW - reactive transport KW - Xe-133 KW - nuclear explosions KW - migration KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - three-dimensional models KW - explosions KW - isotope ratios KW - mathematical models KW - xenon KW - depth KW - detection KW - permeability KW - 19:Seismology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673367390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pure+and+Applied+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Radioxenon+production+and+transport+from+an+underground+nuclear+detonation+to+ground+surface&rft.au=Sun%2C+Yunwei%3BCarrigan%2C+Charles+R%3BHao%2C+Yue&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Yunwei&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=172&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pure+and+Applied+Geophysics&rft.issn=00334553&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00024-014-0863-2 L2 - http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00024/index.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - PAGYAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - depth; detection; explosions; fractured materials; gaseous phase; isotope ratios; isotopes; mathematical models; migration; monitoring; noble gases; nuclear explosions; numerical models; permeability; radioactive decay; radioactivity; reactive transport; simulation; stable isotopes; three-dimensional models; transport; Xe-131; Xe-133; Xe-135; xenon DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-014-0863-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inferring aftershock sequence properties and tectonic structure using empirical signal detectors AN - 1673366086; 2015-034160 AB - Seismotectonic studies of the 2008 Storfjorden aftershock sequence were limited to data acquired by the permanent, but sparse, regional seismic network in the Svalbard archipelago. Storfjorden's remote location and harsh polar environment inhibited deployment of temporary seismometers that would have improved observations of sequence events. The lack of good station coverage prevented the detection and computation of hypocenter locations of many low magnitude events (mb < 2.5) in the NORSAR analyst-reviewed bulletin. As a result, the fine structure of the sequence's space-time distribution was not captured. In this study, an autonomous event detection and clustering framework is employed to build a more complete catalog of Storfjorden events using data from the Spitsbergen (SPITS) array. The new catalog allows the spatiotemporal distribution of seismicity within the fjord to be studied in greater detail. Information regarding the location of active event clusters provides a means of inferring the tectonic structure within the fault zone. The distribution of active clusters and moment tensor solutions for the Storfjorden sequence suggests there are at least two different structures within the fjord: a NE-SW trending linear feature with oblique-normal to strike-slip faulting and E-W trending normal faults. Copyright 2015 Springer Basel and 2014 Springer Basel (outside the USA) JF - Pure and Applied Geophysics AU - Junek, William N AU - Kvaerna, Tormod AU - Pirli, Myrto AU - Schweitzer, Johannes AU - Harris, David B AU - Dodge, Douglas A AU - Woods, Mark T Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 359 EP - 373 PB - Birkhaeuser, Basel VL - 172 IS - 2 SN - 0033-4553, 0033-4553 KW - monitoring KW - Svalbard KW - Arctic region KW - data processing KW - strike-slip faults KW - spatial distribution KW - aftershocks KW - detection KW - moment tensors KW - seismicity KW - normal faults KW - Storfjorden earthquake 2008 KW - tem